Australia

→ Japanese: オーストラリア (Ōsutoraria)

→ Maori: Ahitereiria

→ Tokelauan: Auhitalia

General Australian, Macquarie Dictionary

/əˈstɹæɪ.jə/

First attested 16th century, from Latin terra austrālis incōgnita (“unknown southern land”), from auster (“the south wind”). Used also in 1693 (quotation below). Popularised by Matthew Flinders in 1814 (quotation below).
Distantly cognate to Austria, containing the same Proto-Indo-European root, but through German where it retained the earlier sense of “east” rather than “south”.
See also Terra Australis.

uder

Commonwealth of Australia
Commonwealth of Australia#English

A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire. Official name: Commonwealth of Australia. Capital: Canberra.


Norfolk Island

Edward Howard, 9th Duke of Norfolk
Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk
Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk
James Cook
Mary Howard, Duchess of Norfolk
Norfolk Island
William Ambrosia Cowley

From the duchy of Norfolk in England, q.v. As an Ecuadorian island, clipping of Duke of Norfolk's Island, bestowed by William Ambrosia Cowley in 1684 honor of Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk; his son Henry, the 7th duke; or both. As an Australian island and territory, bestowed by James Cook in 1774 in honor of Mary Howard, wife of the 9th duke.

A territory of Australia, surrounding the island.


kangaroo

/ˌkæŋ.ɡəˈɹuː/

Borrowed from Guugu Yimidhirr gangurru (“eastern grey kangaroo”).

bor+

The rapid growth in Kangaroo bond issues in the Australian market has given rise to an interest in the nature, trend and impact of this type of bond on Australia's international investment statistics. While Kangaroo bonds have been issued for a ...

2005, Year Book Australia: 2006, Aust. Bureau of Statistics, page 708:

Furthermore, the issuers access the kangaroo bond market in order to diversify their funding sources. ... driven by factors such as the relative cost of issuance, including hedging costs and the liquidity of underlying derivative and bond markets.

2017, Jeff Madura, CHANDRASEKHAR & MADURA KRISHNAMURTI (JEFF & HOQUE, ARIFUL.), Ariful Hoque, International Financial Management with Student Resource Access 12 Months, Cengage AU, page 667

Non-resident. bonds. Bonds issued in the Australian market by non-resident entities are known as kangaroo bonds. Figure 8.6 shows that kangaroo bonds represent approximately one-third of non-government bonds outstanding, making them ...

2018, Ben Hunt, Chris Terry, Financial Institutions and Markets, Cengage AU, →ISBN, page 206:

3.1.2 The Australian dollar in the global bond market An internationalized currency also serves non-residents as a store of value ... borrowers issuing Australian dollar bonds in the domestic market (foreign bonds known as ' kangaroo bonds').

2009, W. Peng, C. Shu, Currency Internationalization: Global Experiences and Implications for the Renminbi, Springer, →ISBN, page 62:

The market is comparatively liquid and the bonds are free of withholding tax if the funds are used overseas. The Commonwealth Bank has largely pioneered the market. It led the first kangaroo issue, a $150million offering by the (South) Korea ...

Some onshore markets have competed more successfully than others. Issuance in the Kangaroo bond market (Australian dollar bonds issued onshore by non- residents) soared over the 2002–06 period due to a combination of factors. While a ...

2010, Susan Black, Anella Munro, Why Issue Bonds Offshore?:


banana bender

“Not now, you banana bender! The Commencement Speech takes place at the dinner tonight.”
“Banana bender! I'm not from Queenland, I'll ‘ave you know. And I needs to test out the mike in advance. Always have trouble with those things.”

2003, Rosemary Patterson, Journey Great Barrier Reef: An Adventure Novel Set in Australia, page 17:

If Billy Lane hadn't given him such a firm handshake, Henry reckons he'd be wondering if all the Banana-benders shook like a girl.

2007, Pip Wilson, Faces in the Street: Louisa and Henry Lawson and the Castlereagh Street Push, page 137:

In comparison with other Australians, they were considered an odder sort of people – the banana-benders of Banana-land – a heat-stroked and skin-cancered people, dogged, ‘unimaginably tough and undeniably brittle’.

2007, Raymond Evans, A History of Queensland, page 219:

Terry nodded. “Yes, you don't have too many cars to contend with here, and we banana benders are rather courteous, especially once we realize you're a tourist. Just be careful on the curves, especially where the road goes along the bluffs.”

2011, Reynold Conger, Chased Across Australia, page 180:

(Australia, humorous) An inhabitant of Queensland.


sandgroper

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sandgroper.wav

From sand + groper. The sense “Western Australian” may originate either as a reference to the relatively large proportion of desert in the state or to gold mining during the rushes of the 19th Century.

On both occasions the sandgropers downed the ‘big V’, as indeed they did in 1947 at Hobart when finishing second; the VFL′s only other defeat in 68 pre-state of origin carnival games came in 1911 against South Australia in Adelaide.

2008, John Devaney, Full Points Footy′s WA Football Companion, page 320:

Leonard not only accepted, he told the club he could help sign several West Australians. The Foreign Legion policy was born and, through Leonard′s personal contacts, South [Melbourne] signed Sandgropers Brighton Diggins and Bill Faul (both from Subiaco) and Gilbert Beard (South Fremantle).

2011, Ashley Browne, editor, The Grand Finals: 1897-1938, volume 1, page 370:

After the race, Damien Oliver added to an already magnificent occasion for David Mueller by spending some time with his fellow Sandgroper and giving Mueller the jockey′s trophy from the race as a memento.

2011, John Hunt, Princess: The Miss Andretti Story, page 288:

(Australia, humorous) An inhabitant of Western Australia.


Taswegian

Blend of Tasmanian + Glaswegian. Royal Australian Navy slang from about 1930. Possibly a reference to the cold climate of Tasmania, comparing it to the cold climate of Glasgow.

The town is filled with lovely, lovely Taswegians, the kindest and most generous people I have ever met.

2005, Beverly Walton, Watermarks: A Tasmanian Journal, page 25:

The new year is also vigorously celebrated further south during the Hobart Summer Festival (p646), when Taswegians stuff themselves with food, wine and song.

2009, Justine Vaisutis, Australia, Lonely Planet, page 32:

That was when I learned that every Taswegian worth his salt carries an axe in his boot and, more often than not, two in case of axe-less friends.

2011, Teri Louise Kelly, Punktuation, page 57:

(Australia, humorous, sometimes derogatory) An inhabitant of Tasmania.


Territorian

/ˌtɛɹɪˈtɔːɹi.ən/

Territorians also could elect a representative to Federal Parliament (a right granted in 1923).

1967, Brian Hodge, Allen Whitehurst, Nation and People: An Introduction to Australia in a Changing World, page 258:

1998 December, Minister for Health, Family and Community Services, Northern Territory Legislative Assembly, speech, quoted in 2008, Tess Lea, Bureaucrats and Bleeding Hearts: Indigenous Health in Northern Australia, page 25,
Put simply, Aboriginal Territorians have drastically poorer health across virtually all causes of disease. Life expectancy at birth for indigenous men in the Northern Territory is 57 years compared to 77 years for other male Territorians.

One of the ways he did this was by attending meetings of the Northern Territory Legislative Councul, the wind instrument created by the Chifley Labor Government in 1947 to give Territorians the illusion that they had democratic rights.

2011, Stephen Gray, The Protectors: A Journey Through Whitefella Past, ReadHowYouWant, page 138:

(Australia, demonym) An inhabitant of the Northern Territory.


pom

A clipping of pomegranate. In reference to the British, first attested in Australia in 1912 as rhyming slang for immigrant with additional reference to the likelihood of sunburn turning their skin pomegranate red. As a cocktail, originally American.

I could see more than mere humour in car stickers that read ‘Grow your own Dope: Plant a Pom’ ... ‘Keep Australia Beautiful: Shoot a Pom’.

1987, Linda Christmas, The Ribbon and the Ragged Square: An Australian Journey, page 27:

The prize for being Australia′s original pom goes to the enterprising pirate William Dampier, who made the first investigations ashore about 40 years after Tasman and nearly 100 years before Cook.

1989, Tony Wheeler, Australia: A Travel Survival Kit, Lonely Planet, page 10:

At one stage a group called British People Against Racial Discrimination complained to the Advertising Standards Board in Australia about an advert for Tooheys beer that claimed it was ‘cold enough to scare a Pom’.

2008, Lawrence Booth, Cricket, Lovely Cricket?, page 214:

(Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, mildly derogatory slang) An Englishman; a Briton; a person of British descent.


pommy

(heraldry) Semé of (strewn with) pommes (roundels vert).


Strine

From a pronunciation spelling of Australian spoken with this accent. Coined by “Afferbeck Lauder” (Alastair Ardoch Morrison) and popularised with his 1965 book Let Stalk Strine. Australian from 1965.

Several Strine forms depend on an assumed equivalence between Strine fortis consonants and Cultivated/RP lenis ones, thus garbler mince (couple of minutes), egg jelly (actually). It is doubtful whether this reflects any real phonetic difference.

1982, J. C. Wells, Accents of English, volume 3: Beyond the British Isles, page 595:

A TEAM at Griffith University in Brisbane is working on the development of what the university’s newspaper calls a bionic snorter. Translating into English from Strine, this is a bionic hooter, conk, bugle or nose.

1989 July 8, “Ariadne”, in New Scientist, page 120:

Dell’Oso describes the encounter of an Asian woman with a surly bus driver whose only language is Strine (a form of Australian English, barely intelligible to many of the native-speakers).

1992, Gillian Bottomley, From Another Place: Migration and the Politics of Culture, published 2009, page 133:

(Australia, New Zealand, UK, informal, humorous) Broad Australian English.


Australian Capital Territory

A federal territory which is an enclave in southern New South Wales, south-eastern Australia, in which the country's capital, Canberra, is located.

Терито́рија на австрали́скиот гла́вен град


New South Wales

One of the six states of Australia. Capital: Sydney. Situated in the south-eastern part of the continent.


Northern Territory

/ˈnɔːðən ˈtɛɹɪt(ə)ɹi/

A territory covering northern and north-central Australia, whose capital is Darwin.


Queensland

From Queen + -s- + -land, equivalent to Queen's Land and named in honour of Queen Victoria.

One of the six states of Australia. Capital: Brisbane. It occupies the north-eastern part of the continent.


South Australia

One of the six states of Australia, located in the central southern part of the continent, with its capital at Adelaide.


Tasmania

From Tasman + -ia, after the Dutch naval explorer Abel Tasman, who visited and documented the island and New Zealand in 1642.

Osteoporosis Australia is calling for the 'no hat, no play' policy in school playgrounds to be reassessed in the ACT and Tasmania, because children are not getting enough sunlight.

2006 April 26, “'No hat, no play' rethink urged”, in ABC News:

One of the six federal states of Australia, consisting of one large, eponymous and several much smaller islands, off the eastern part of Australia's south coast, having its capital at Hobart.


Victoria

en-proper noun

Victoria (countable and uncountable, plural Victorias or Victoriae)

From Latin Victōria, from victōria (“victory”). Doublet of Vitória. The given name can also be analyzed as the male name Victor + -ia. The places were named in honour of Queen Victoria of Great Britain.

One of six states of Australia, situated in the south-eastern part of the continent. Capital: Melbourne.


Western Australia

One of the six states of Australia, occupying the western third of the content, with its capital at Perth.


Melburnian

From the Latin name for Melbourne, Melburnia, + -ian.
The term can be traced back to 1876, when the case for Melburnian over Melbournian was made in the Melbourne Grammar School publication, the Melburnian. 'The diphthong, ‘ou’ is not a Latin diphthong: hence, we argued this way, Melburnia would be [the] Latin form of name, and from it comes Melburnian.'

A native or inhabitant of Melbourne, the capital city of Victoria, Australia.


Sydneyite

A native or inhabitant of Sydney, Australia.


Sydneysider

Sydneyer

native or inhabitant of Sydney, Australia


Canberran

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory

Of, from or relating to the Australian Capital Territory.


Canberran

A native or inhabitant of the Australian Capital Territory.


Adelaidean

A native or inhabitant of Adelaide (Australia).


Brisbanian

A native or inhabitant of Brisbane (Australia).


Darwiner

A native or inhabitant of Darwin (Australia).


Hobartian

A native or inhabitant of Hobart (Australia).


Perthian

A native or inhabitant of Perth (Australia).


Canberra

Canberra
History of Canberra#The name Canberra

Uncertain. Most commonly said to be from Ngunawal kamberra (“meeting place”). See more theories on Wikipedia.

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory#English

The capital city of Australia; located in the Australian Capital Territory.


Sydney

Sydney (countable and uncountable, plural Sydneys)

For the surname and given name, see Sidney. The cities in Australia and Canada are named after British politician Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney (1733–1800).

named-after

(uncountable) A major port city, the state capital of New South Wales, Australia, and the most populous city in Australia.

Sydney

(uncountable) A seaport and former city in Nova Scotia, Canada, now part of the amalgamated Cape Breton Regional Municipality on Cape Breton Island.


Brisbane

Brisbane
Brisbane River
Sir Thomas Brisbane

From Scottish Gaelic bris (“break, smash”) + Old English bān (“bone”), a nickname given to someone who was often involved in fights, resulting in the breaking of bones. The city and river in Australia are named after Sir Thomas Brisbane, 1773–1860; governor of New South Wales (which at the time included the area of modern Queensland) from 1821 to 1825.

A large city, the capital city of Queensland, Australia.

San Mateo County
San Mateo County#English

A city in San Mateo County, California, United States.


Perth

From Scottish Gaelic Peairt, from Pictish *ᚚᚓᚏᚈ (pert) meaning “wood, copse, thicket”, related to Welsh perth and perhaps Proto-Celtic *kʷerxtā (from Proto-Indo-European *pérkʷus (“oak”).

Perth and Kinross
Perth and Kinross#English

A city in Perth and Kinross council area, Scotland, historically in Perthshire.

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

A minor city in Towner County, North Dakota.


Adelaide

→ Greek: Άντελαϊντ (Ántelaïnt)

Borrowed from French Adélaïde, from Old High German Adalheidis (from adal (“noble”) + -heit (“nature, character”)); doublet of Alice.

Adelaide (given name)
Adelaide River
Adelaide, South Australia

Diana Allers: Breaking now: A city of four million, blasted from orbit. Adelaide, Australia is no more.
Diana Allers: New footage from Earth reveals the Reapers' plans to attack large industrial centers.
Diana Allers: Which cities are next? Find out--inside the Battlespace.

2012, BioWare, Mass Effect 3 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Normandy SR-2:

Queen Adelaide
w:Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen

William IV
w:William IV of the United Kingdom

Places named for Queen Adelaide, consort of William IV.

The state capital and largest city in South Australia.


Melbourne

Named after the 2nd Viscount of Melbourne, Derbyshire, itself deriving from the Old English place name Mileburne (Old English mylen (“mill”) + burne (“stream”)).

The capital city of Victoria, Australia and former capital of Australia (1901–1927).

A small city, the county seat of Izard County, Arkansas, United States.

A city in Brevard County, Florida, United States.

A small city in Marshall County, Iowa, United States.

A tiny home rule city in Campbell County, Kentucky, United States.


billabong

From Wiradjuri bilabang, likely a compound from Wiradjuri bila (“river”) and Wiradjuri bong or Wiradjuri bung (“dead”).

Oh there once was a swagman camped in the billabong,
 Under the shade of a coolibah tree,
 And he sang as he looked at the old billy boiling,
 'Who'll come a'waltzing Matilda, with me.'

1895, “Waltzing Matilda”, Banjo Paterson (lyrics):

(Australia) An anabranch, backwater or oxbow lake that is temporarily cut off from the main river, especially one that is only filled with water during the rainy season and can sometimes dry up completely.


Australian

/ɔːˈstɹeɪlɪən/

An Australian was once appointed on contract, but he swore too much.

1956, Anthony Burgess, Time for a Tiger (The Malayan Trilogy), published 1972, page 38:

It is outrageous and indefensible that Sally Roycroft is deprived of a freedom that we legally confer on every French person. It is time she was given a fair suck of the sauce bottle, as the Australians say.

2013 August 26, Oliver Milman, quoting Boris Johnson, “Boris Johnson calls for free labour exchange between UK and Australia”, in Alan Rusbridger, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-08-14:

A person from the country of Australia or of Australian descent.

Australiër

a person from the country of Australia or of Australian descent

A person from the continent of Australia.

australià

a person from the continent of Australia

A language of the country or continent of Australia; Australian (Australian English).

inglés australiano

a language of the country or continent of Australia; Australian (Australian English)


Australian

/ɔːˈstɹeɪlɪən/

Of, from, or pertaining to Australia, the Australian people or Australian languages.

Australies

of or pertaining to Australia, the Australian people or languages

أُسْتُرَالِيّ

of or pertaining to the country of Australia

australià

of or pertaining to the continent of Australia

australià

of or pertaining to a person (people) of the country of Australia

australià

of or pertaining to a person (people) of the continent of Australia

australià

of or pertaining to a language (languages) of Australia (country or continent); Australian English


Australian

/ɔːˈstɹeɪlɪən/

The Australian, an Australian newspaper.


emu

→ Japanese: エミュー

→ Polish: emu

Probably from Portuguese ema (“(originally) cassowary; giant rhea; (now) ostrich”).

emu bush

Polidia spp., Heterodendron oleaefolium, Hakea laurina

[page 59] The Emu, though not ſo as large as the oſtrich, is only ſecond to it in magnitude. It is by much the largeſt bird in the New Continent; and is generally found to be ſix feet high, meaſuring from its head to the ground. […] [page 60] [T]he emu runs with ſuch a ſwiftneſs, that the fleeteſt dogs are thrown out in the purſuit.

1791, Oliver Goldsmith, An History of the Earth, and Animated Nature. […], new edition, volume V, London: […] F[rancis] Wingrave, successor to Mr. [John] Nourse, […], →OCLC, part I (An History of Birds), pages 59 and 60:

From New Holland the emeu, / With his better moiety, / Has paid a visit to the Zo- / ological Society.

1829, “The Progress of Zoology”, in T[homas] Crofton Croker, editor, The Christmas Box. An Annual Present to Young Persons, London: John Ebers and Co. 27 Old Bond Street; Philadelphia, Pa.: Thomas Wardle, →OCLC, page 176:

I left my young emeus […] just parted from their affectionate father, and not yet fully reconciled to beginning the world on their own account.

1864 June 4, William Bennett, “Acclimation and Breeding of Emeus (Dromius irroratus, Bartlett) in Surrey”, in Edward Newman, editor, The Zoologist: A Popular Miscellany of Natural History, volume XXII, London: John Van Voorst, […], →OCLC, chapter II:

A stranger cannot but remark, throughout the pastoral districts of Australia, how seldom he sees sheep as he travels along. […] It may be that he will also expect emus and kangaroos, and he will generally be disappointed also in regard to them. Kangaroos I certainly have seen in great numbers, though by no means so often as I expected. An emu running wild I never did see. Tame emus round the houses in towns are very common, and of emus’ eggs there is a plethora.

1873, Anthony Trollope, “Wool”, in Australia and New Zealand. … In Two Volumes, volume II, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, pages 219–220:

Both cassowaries and emus are large, flightless, cursorial birds with diminutive wings. […] Emus, the world's second largest living birds, live in Australia and are the only extant member of the genus Dromaius.

2015, Sankar Chatterjee, “The Avian Revolution Begins”, in The Rise of Birds: 225 Million Years of Evolution, 2nd edition, Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, →ISBN, page 191:

Dromaius novaehollandiae
Dromaius novaehollandiae#Translingual

A large flightless bird native to Australia, Dromaius novaehollandiae.


WSW

Western Sydney Wanderers FC
w:Western Sydney Wanderers FC

(soccer) Initialism of Western Sydney Wanderers FC.


New Ireland

Bismarck Archipelago
Bismarck Archipelago

An island of the Bismarck Archipelago, a German colony from 1884 to 1921; governed by Australia from 1921 and then by Papua New Guinea from 1975 to the present day.

(historical) A short-lived territory proclaimed by the Castle Hill convict rebellion in Australia.


Norfolk Islander

en-noun

Norfolk Islander (plural Norfolk Islanders)

A person from Norfolk Island or of its descent.


Cocos Islander

A person from the Cocos Islands or of descent of the Cocos Islands.


Christmas Islander

Christmas Islander (plural Christmas Islanders)

A person from Christmas Island, or having that ancestry.


New Holland

(sense 1) Coined in 1644 by Dutch explorer Abel Tasman as Nieuw Holland.
(sense 2) Uncertain, Parts of Holland was in the south of Lincolnshire.

1787, Chart of New Holland, published by J. Stockdale, London https://web.archive.org/web/20060107065752/http://www.nla.gov.au/rmaps/nk1586.html

Colonisation began towards the end of 1826, when a British settlement was founded at Albany, on the southern coast, and in the next year the whole territory (then known as New Holland) became a possession of the British Crown.

1952 November, “The Western Australian Government Railways”, in Railway Magazine, page 760:

(obsolete) The continent and the country of Australia.


shilling

Sranan Tongo: sren

From Middle English schilling, shilling, from Old English sċilling, from Proto-Germanic *skillingaz, equivalent to skill + -ing. Doublet of scalding and schilling.

look as if one had lost a shilling and found sixpence

A great bargain also had been[…]the arm-chair in which Bunting now sat forward, staring into the dull, small fire. In fact, that arm-chair had been an extravagance of Mrs. Bunting. She had wanted her husband to be comfortable after the day's work was done, and she had paid thirty-seven shillings for the chair.

1913, Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes, chapter I, in The Lodger, London: Methuen, →OCLC; republished in Novels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened, New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., […], [1933], →OCLC, page 0016:

(historical) A coin formerly used in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Malta, Australia, New Zealand and many other Commonwealth countries worth twelve old pence, or one twentieth of a pound sterling.


Novocastrian

From Latin novus (“new”) + castra (“castle, fort”).

Of or relating to Newcastle upon Tyne or Newcastle, New South Wales.


Novocastrian

A native or resident of Newcastle upon Tyne or Newcastle, New South Wales.


Newcastle

[ˈnjʉˌkʰɑːsɫ̩]

From new + castle. Doublet of Neuchâtel.

A large city and metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, in northeastern England.

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

A large city in New South Wales, Australia, situated at the mouth of the Hunter River.

A large city in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

A city in McClain County, Oklahoma, United States; suburb of Oklahoma City.

A small city in Young County, Texas, United States.

A city in King County, Washington, United States.

A city, the county seat of Weston County, Wyoming, United States.


pinkie

Alternative form of pinky (“baby mouse”)


Vegemite

Named as a result of an Australian national competition. The name was chosen in part for its similarity to Marmite.

I said, "Do you speak-a my language?" / And he just smiled and gave me a Vegemite sandwich

1980, Colin Hay, Ron Strykert (lyrics and music), “Down Under”, performed by Men at Work:

This story introduces the reader to Australian food. A baby possum named Hush eats many kinds of food to become visible again after Grandma Poss uses magic to make him invisible. He even eats a vegemite sandwich.

1998, Desiree Webber, Travel the Globe: Multicultural Story Times, page 5:

Breakfast tends to be substantial, with eggs, steak or sausages, toast, sometimes baked beans or chips; Vegemite (a vegetable-based salty spread) on toast.

2007, Jeanne Jacob, Michael Ashkenazi, The World Cookbook for Students: Afghanistan to Cook Islands, page 48:

Nunzio improves his prospects with members of the dominant team by swapping his salami or crayfish sandwiches for ‘more normal′ Australian Vegemite delights.

2007, Ron Davidson, Fremantle Impressions, Fremantle Press, page 60:

Such advertising campaigns have done more than merely sell Vegemite, Mortein or cricket; they have played an important role in reflecting and defining Australian national identity.

2008, Robert Crawford, But Wait, There′s More...: A History of Australian Advertising, 1900-2000, Melbourne: University Press, page 258:

(Australia, New Zealand) An Australian food paste made from brewers' yeast.


Commonwealth of Australia

the Commonwealth of Australia (canonical)

The formal and full name of the country Australia.

Tuhinga o mua Whakaminenga o Ahitereiria


Arnhem Land

Named after the ship of Captain William van Colster; the ship was named after the city of Arnhem in the Netherlands.

An area of 97,000 sq. km in the north-eastern corner of the Northern Territory, Australia, controlled by the Northern Land Council, inhabited by local Aboriginals.

阿納姆地 /阿纳姆地

region in the Northern Territory, Australia


Anzac Day

April 25, a public holiday in Australia and New Zealand that originally commemorated the sacrifices made by members of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) who fought at Gallipoli against the Ottoman Empire during World War I, and now honours people from those countries who have served in all wars, conflicts, and peacekeeping operations.

澳新軍團日 /澳新军团日

public holiday in Australia and New Zealand on April 25


Qantas

Acronym of Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services.

acronym

(aviation) The national airline of Australia.


Min Min light

Named after the small settlement of Min Min, located between the outback towns of Boulia and Winton, where the light was observed by a stockman in 1918.

Min-min lights are usually seen during the winter, for example, when cold-air inversions abound. This, and his artificial min-min, seemed to confirm the theory.

2003, New Scientist, volume 180, numbers 2415-2428, page 71:

Then, once a man was talking about his outdoor work, he got around to speaking about the mysteries of the min-min light and who saw it where.

2006, Alexis Wright, Carpentaria, Giramondo, published 2012, page 340:

Neuroscientist, Professor Jack Pettigrew, of the University of Queensland claims the Min Min lights are an inverted mirage of light sources hundreds of miles away, caused by a temperature inversion when cold dense air is trapped near the ground to be refracted so that it travels a curved path around the globe.

2006, Marion Houldsworth, From Gulf to God Knows Where, footnote, page 127:

“You′ve heard of Min Min lights?” She grinned. “Sure.”
The strange appearance of those lights in the outback was legendary.[…]
“Min Min lights were part of Aboriginal folklore long before modern day sightings made them famous,” Jack said.

2010, Robyn Grady, Bargaining For Baby, unnumbered page:

Travellers camping out on the plains may witness a glowing light that seems to hover eerily across the vast landscape – the unexplained Min Min Lights that have been shrouded in mystery for over 100 years.

2010, Craig Lewis, Cathy Savage, The Complete 4WD Guide, unnumbered page:

(Australia) An unexplained light reportedly appearing in the sky in remote parts of Australia, especially northwest Queensland, possibly caused by reflections of distant light in the dry air conditions.


Australian English

Prior to the 1980s, Australian English had been widely deprecated by Australians themselves, principally as a result of a sense of inferiority known as "cultural cringe".

2012, James Lambert, “Beyond Hobson-Jobson: A new lexicography for Indian English”, in World Englishes, page 295:

The form of the English language used in Australia.


wattle

en-noun

wattle (countable and uncountable, plural wattles)

From Middle English wattel, watel, from Old English watel, watul (“hurdle”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, wind, bend”).

der

The tents and sheets are made of the best Canadian duck, tanned for the purpose of preservation with a strong extract of iron-bark and wattle-bark.

1901, “Progress in the Fruit Industry of Queensland”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, page 16:

Any of several Australian trees and shrubs of the genus Acacia, or their bark, used in tanning, seen as a national emblem of Australia.


Victorian

From Victoria (“state of Australia in the southeastern part of the continent”) + -an (suffix forming adjectives and agent nouns); the state was named after Queen Victoria when it was established in 1851.

suffix

Up to 26 properties are believed lost in Victorian bushfires.

Of, or native or relating to, the state of Victoria in Australia.

فيكتوري

of, or native or relating to, the state of Victoria in Australia


Victorian

A person from the state of Victoria in Australia.


Victorian

From Victoria (“capital of British Columbia, Canada”) + -an (suffix forming adjectives and agent nouns); incorporated as a city in 1862, the settlement which preceded the city was named Fort Victoria after Queen Victoria in 1843.

(Canada) Of, or native or relating to, the city of Victoria, the capital of British Columbia, Canada.


Victorian

(Canada) A person from the city of Victoria, the capital of British Columbia, Canada.


Oz

Back-formation from Aus, abbreviation of Australia.


Westie

Pet owners often trim their Westies with clippers and scissors to save expense.

1999, Dan Rice, The Dog Handbook, page 139:

A Westie fancier, Colonel Edward Malcolm, is said to have had a reddish-colored dog who was shot by hunters who mistook the dog for a fox.

2007, Liz Palika, The Howell Book of Dogs, page 383:

Westies may be small in stature but they have huge personalities.

(informal) A West Highland White Terrier.


RAAF

Royal Australian Air Force
w:Royal Australian Air Force

(Australia, military, aviation) Initialism of Royal Australian Air Force.


Heard Island and McDonald Islands

An Australian external territory and volcanic group of uninhabited Antarctic islands, between Madagascar and Antarctica.


Melbournite

(Australia, slang, often humorous, sometimes mildly, derogatory) a resident of Melbourne, Australia


Tassie

From Tasmania + -ie (diminutive suffix).

He was disappointed that Tassie had not been able to be included in the Brent Chapman tour and this together with highly successful visit by Kirk McKusik and Gene Spafford had convinced him it was worth seeking a chapter in Tassie.

2006 August 28, Louisa Hearn, The Sydney Morning Herald, Tassie YouTube star calls it quits,
Emmalina, an 18-year-old YouTube hit from Tassie, has bowed out of internet stardom for good after her computer was hacked and her privacy invaded, sparking fears for her own safety.

Tassie is a good size for exploring by bicycle and is a perennial favourite with visiting touring cyclists.

2009, Justine Vaisutis, Australia, Lonely Planet, page 636:


SFC

en-noun

SFC (countable and uncountable, plural SFCs)

Sergeant First Class
w:Sergeant First Class

(military, US) Initialism of Sergeant First Class.


SFC

System File Checker
w:System File Checker

(computing) Initialism of System File Checker.

Securities and Futures Commission
w:Securities and Futures Commission

(Hong Kong) Initialism of Securities and Futures Commission.

(video games) Initialism of Super Famicom.

Southampton Football Club
w:Southampton F.C.

(soccer) Initialism of Southampton Football Club.

Sunderland Football Club
w:Sunderland F.C.

(soccer) Initialism of Sunderland Football Club.

(soccer) Initialism of Sydney Football Club.


Sydney funnel-web spider

Sydney funnel-web spider (plural Sydney funnel-web spiders)

Atrax robustus
Atrax robustus#Translingual

A venomous spider, Atrax robustus, native to the greater Sydney region of eastern Australia.


Queenslander

From Queensland + -er (suffix attached to placename proper nouns denoting inhabitants or residents of those places).

suffix

"An' what about your Queenslander?" the Australian asked.

1926, Rudyard Kipling, “A Friend of the Family”, in Debits and Credits, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, →OCLC, page 268:

In view of the rapid development of Queensland, our prosperity and our major contribution to the nation and to world trade, I believe it is significant that a Queenslander should be honoured with such a high position in Rotary.

1977, Joh[annes] Bjelke-Petersen, “Messages to the Convention and to the President, Incoming President, and President-Elect of Rotary International”, in 1977 Proceedings: Sixty-eighth Annual Convention of Rotary International: San Francisco, California, U.S.A.: 5–9 June, 1977, [Evanston, Ill.]: Rotary International, →OCLC, page 198:

In reality the selectors' decision was between [Rod] Marsh and John Maclean and the Queenslander got the nod.

2004, Mark Browning, Rod Marsh: A Life in Cricket, Dural, N.S.W.: Rosenberg Publishing, →ISBN:

Takada had the added advantage of being a Queenslander, although from the other end of the state. But to a native north Queenslander, that was better than being from Melbourne.

2009, Darryl Greer, chapter 31, in The Election, [Mudgeeraba, Qld.?]: Darryl Greer, →ISBN, page 249:


Christmas Island

A non-self-governing territory of Australia, located in the Indian Ocean.

Kerseiland

non self-governing territory of Australia


Australia Day

26th January, Australia's National Day in commemoration of the foundation of the first settlement in 1788.


Australia Felix

From Australia + Latin felix (“fortunate, happy”). Proposed as a name for parts of Victoria (Australia) explored by Thomas Mitchell (1792-1855).

1839, Thomas Mitchell, Three Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia, Volume 2, Gutenberg eBook #13033,
I named this region Australia Felix, the better to distinguish it from the parched deserts of the interior country where we had wandered so unprofitably and so long.

Victoria, known as Australia Felix, is bounded on the north and north-east by a straight line drawn from Cape How to the nearest source of the Murray River ; on the west by the eastern boundary of South Australia, or the 141° of east longitude, from the River Murray to the sea coast, and along the coast, including the adjacent islands, to Cape How.

1851, Henry Saxelby Melville, The Present State of Australia: Including New South Wales, Western Australia, South Australia and New Zealand, page 59:

1917, Henry Handel Richardson, Australia Felix:

(historical or literary) A name for the comparatively lush areas of western Victoria, Australia.


Coolgardie safe

en-noun

Coolgardie safe (plural Coolgardie safes)

Named after the West Australian town of Coolgardie.

A food storage cabinet keeping its contents cool by evaporation of water from sides made of hessian.


florin

From Middle English florin, floren, from Old French florin, from Italian fiorino (“little flower”). Doublet of fiorino.

A pre-decimal Australian, and New Zealand, coin, worth 24 pence or a tenth of a pound.


t'othersider

whilst the ancient t'other-sider oscillated his frame-saw

The first Labor premier of Western Australia was Henry Daglish (1866-1920), a Victorian t'othersider, ...

1963, Clinton Hartley Grattan, The Southwest Pacific Since 1900: A Modern History:

Among the t'othersider teachers Victorians predominated, as they did among newcomers in general.

1972, David Mossenson, State Education in Western Australia, 1829-1960:

Mabel Guy was also born in the Goldfields in 1908, but unlike the other women in the group, her father was not a 't'othersider'³⁴: he was born in Pinjarra, in the state's southwest, and was a postmaster.

2008, Janina Trotman, Girls Becoming Teachers: An Historical Analysis of Western Australian Women Teachers, 1911-1940:

(Australia, Western Australia, informal) A person from the eastern states of Australia.


gilgai

From Gamilaraay gilgaay (“small water hole”).

Though it wasn′t a heavy storm it was enough to put water in gilgai holes and scatter the horses.

1988, Tom Cole, Hell West and Crooked, Angus & Robertson, published 1995, page 160:

Argilliturbation is manifested within Vertisol profiles and on the surface as gilgai microtopography, with relief exceeding commonly 15 cm (Fig. 10.35).

2005, Randall J. Schaetzl, Sharon Anderson, Soils: Genesis and Geomorphology, page 283:

One of its most remarkable features is its patterns of gilgai. The gilgais are small, almost circular depressions from a few centimetres to as much as 50 cm deep in the plain and several metres across.

2007, Richard Webster, Margaret A. Oliver, Geostatistics for Environmental Scientists, page 140:

(Australia) A small concavity or depression between ridges, where rainwater gathers.


Australianism

For example, the expression no worries is viewed as an Australianism even though it is now widespread throughout other parts of the English-speaking world.

2016, James Lambert, “Ornithonymy and Lexicographical Selection Criteria”, in International Journal of Lexicography, volume 30, number 1, pages 39–62:

A word or phrase only used in Australia, or having a special meaning there.


down under

Refers to the fact that the Australian continent lies south of, colloquially thought of as 'below' or 'under', the equator.

Surfing is a popular sport down under.

We traveled down under for our vacation.

Thank you Boris and I want to thank that fella down under. Thank you very much, pal; appreciate it Mr. Prime Minister.

2021 September 15, Joe Biden, White House:

(idiomatic) Into Australia; to Australia.


Windsor

Inherited from Middle English Wyndelsore, from Old English Windlesōra (“Windsor”, literally “bank with a windlass, winch by the riverside”), from *windel ("reel, winch"; > Middle English windel (“reel, spool”)) + ōra (“bank, shore”). See windlass.

gloss

"reel, winch"; > Middle English <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm">windel</i> (“reel, spool”)

Several places in Australia:
A town in New South Wales, Australia.


Dharuk

The extinct Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal suffixing language, within the Yuin-Kuric group, formerly spoken by people who lived in the Sydney region, from the southern shore of Port Jackson south to Botany Bay and as far inland as Camden and Penrith. Closely related to Dhurga and Thurawal.


God Save the Queen

The national anthem of the United Kingdom when the current monarch is female.


God Save the Queen

(UK, Australia, Canada, New Zealand) An expression of one’s patriotism and hope for the long life of the monarch, especially in her presence.

(UK) A formal statement at the end of many proclamations issued by the UK's queen or in her name.

The King is dead! God save the Queen!

(UK) A formal declaration following the death of a reigning monarch when the next monarch is female.


A variant of the British 999, originally selected as an appropriate number for rotary-dial telephones and adapted in Australia because of the need to dial an initial 0 from remote exchanges to connect to the main trunk lines.

When you call 000, the Telstra operator usually answers the phone with "Emergency. Police, fire, or ambulance?"

The telephone number for emergency services in Australia.


cattle station

(Australia) A large farm in Australia, (the equivalent of ranch), usually in the outback, whose main activity is the raising of cattle, and run by a grazier. In most cases the stations are in a rangeland context on pastoral leases. Many are larger than small countries.


land down under

Referring to Australia's and New Zealand's location at the southern hemisphere, when observed at a map or a globe.

"Do you come from the land down under?"


map of Tassie

2001, Mark Brandon “Chopper” Read, 2012, 10.5: The Popcorn Gangster, unnumbered page,
Then we would start a massive international ad campaign to lure tourists and rich old settlers.
Something like . . . ‘Come and bury yourself in the map of Tassie.’
Could just work.

If this were elsewhere in Australia, say the Apple Isle, my start would probably have come in the form of a kitsch pair of undies tastelessly plastered with an invitation to view my map of Tassie.

2012, Roxy Jacenko, Strictly Confidential: A Jazzy Lou Novel, page 4:

Her skirt was rucked up to her map of Tassie as she rested, soaking up the last of the afternoon′s heat.

2012, Margareta Osborn, Bella′s Run, page 223:

Synonym of map of Tasmania (“pubic hair”)


firestick farming

Coined by Welsh-Australian archaeologist Rhys Jones in "Fire-Stick Farming" (Australian Natural History, vol. 16, iss. 7, p. 224, September 1969).

coinage

A traditional practice of the Aboriginal people of Australia whereby areas of bushland or other vegetation would be deliberately set on fire at various times in order to promote new growth.


tuppenny

Half a pound of tuppenny rice,
Half a pound of treacle.
That’s the way the money goes,
Pop! goes the weasel.

a. 1852, anonymous author, Pop Goes the Weasel:

Then they went off to prepare for the journey […], Peter filling his six-penny pipe with tuppenny tobacco.

1938, Xavier Herbert, chapter XI, in Capricornia, New York: D. Appleton-Century, published 1943, page 184:

The City & South London initially had a flat single fare of 2d., but it was the Central London Railway, opened ten years later, that would be nicknamed 'The Tuppenny Tube' for its flat fare of the same amount. The Central was so-called by the Daily Mail, [...]

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 101:

(British, Australia, becoming old-fashioned) Literally, worth tuppence (two pence); of little value or status.


Socceroos

Australia national association football team

It was the day of the Socceroos′ first World Cup clash: the game against Japan.

2007, Raewyn Caisley, Hot Shot, unnumbered page:

Australia′s success on the international stage took a major leap forward when the Socceroos qualified for their first appearance at the FIFA World Cup in 1974, held in Germany.

2010, Dave Arthur, Greg Downes, “Chapter 19: Australia”, in Simon Chadwick, Sean Hamil, editors, Managing Football, page 342:

association football
association football

(soccer) The men's national soccer (association football) representative team of Australia.


Leighton

Various place names in England, Old English leac (“leek”) + tun (“settlement”), also in the sense of a herb garden.

A coastal area in North Fremantle, City of Fremantle, Perth, Western Australia


God Save the King

(UK) A formal statement at the end of many proclamations issued by the King or in his name.


Great Barrier Reef

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-Great Barrier Reef.wav

A massive system of coral reefs, found in the Coral Sea off the coast of Australia.


AEST

Australian Eastern Standard Time#English

Initialism of Australian Eastern Standard Time.


MCG

Melbourne Cricket Ground
w:Melbourne Cricket Ground


Order of Australia

en-noun

Order of Australia (plural Orders of Australia)

Children′s lawyers do not earn six figure salaries, get appointed to company boards, or Orders of Australia.

2002, Law Institute of Victoria, Queensland Law Society, Law Institute Journal: The Official Organ of the Law Institute of Victoria, volume 76, page xiv:

This is manifestly the case with the issuing of Orders of Australia and similar honours.

2010, Ian Ward, Randal G. Stewart, Politics One, 4th edition, page 6:

It is a fantastically simple but effective piece of policy; the Treasury officials who thought of it deserve Orders of Australia.

2011, Paul Cleary, Too Much Luck, page 146:

(Australia, informal) An appointment made within the Order of Australia.


Australian dollar

Australian dollar (plural Australian dollars)


Sydney Opera House

A multi-venue performing arts centre in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.


Wallabies

(rugby) the national rugby union representative team of Australia


Matildas

(soccer) the women's national soccer representative team of Australia

Australia women's national association football team


Eora

An Australian Aboriginal tribe or clan of the Sydney region and surrounds.


freedom rider

/ˈfɹiːdəm ˌɹaɪdə/

(Australia, politics, historical, by extension) A participant in a similar excursion undertaken by protesters in Australia in 1965 in opposition to unfair discrimination against Indigenous Australians.


Deep North

(Australia, sometimes derogatory) Queensland, sometimes with the addition of the Northern Territory.


Botany Bay

The bay was named by explorer James Cook for the variety of plants observed near the shore.
(Worcester College): So called from its remote situation.

A bay of New South Wales, south of Sydney Cove, Australia; the site of a landing by explorer Captain James Cook and later of the First Fleet, and originally planned to be the site of the first penal colony in Australia.


mud army

(informal) The volunteer helpers assisting the victims of the 2010/2011 floods in South East Queensland.


Paddington

en-proper noun

Paddington (countable and uncountable, plural Paddingtons)

From the Old English personal name Padda + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).

An inner city area of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.


Engadine

Engadine, Michigan
Engadine, New South Wales

A southern suburb of Sydney in Sutherland Shire, New South Wales, Australia.


Cove

Cove (countable and uncountable, plural Coves)

From Old English cofa (“cave, cove, hollow, cavern”).

der

A number of places in the United States:

An unincorporated community in Apache County, Arizona.

An unincorporated community in McDonald County, Missouri.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A census-designated place in Cache County, Utah.


MCFC

Melbourne City Football Club
w:Melbourne City FC

(soccer) Initialism of Melbourne City Football Club.


Ozploitation

While a number of Ozploitation films conformed to the 'trashy' aesthetics and marginal audience reception that historically characterizes exploitation cinema, a notable handful display production values considerably higher than those connoted by the term itself, and also experienced significant box office success, both in Australia and, at times, internationally.

2010, Ben Goldsmith, Geoffrey Lealand, editors, Australia and New Zealand, Intellect Books, →ISBN, page 239:

While the film is rich with moments of explicit sexual threat — most notably the naked photographs and Sparks' attempted rape — the image of Jessica tied to the front of the ute remains one of the most excessive and horrific images of violence against women not only in Australian “Ozploitation” film, but in rape-revenge as a whole.

2011, Alexandra Heller-Nicholas, Rape-Revenge Films: A Critical Study, McFarland & Company (201), page 111

The name was originally explained on the event's website as being inspired by 1974 Ozploitation film, Stone, about motor bike gangs.

2014, Hilary Du Cros, Lee Jolliffe, The Arts and Events, Routledge, →ISBN, page 74:

(film) A genre of low-budget films produced in Australia, chiefly during the 1970s and 1980s.


Cornwallis

As with Cornwall, ultimately from Old English Cornwēalas (“Cornwall, inhabitants of Cornwall”).

inh

A neighbourhood of the City of Hawkesbury, New South Wales, Australia.


Murray-Darling Basin

From the two major rivers, the Murray River and the Darling River.

Australian Capital Territory
Australian Capital Territory

A large geographical area in the interior of southeastern Australia, spanning most of the states of New South Wales, Victoria, and the Australian Capital Territory, and parts of the states of Queensland (lower third) and South Australia (southeastern corner).


Top End

Savanna ecologist believe that a combination of exceptionally infertile soils and highly seasonal rainfall means that the Top End is incapable of supporting the vast populations of mammals so characteristic of some African savannas.

1993, AN Andersen, P Jacklyn, Termites of the Top End:

A geographical region encompassing the northernmost portion of the Northern Territory of Australia.


Australianese

Anzac burial parties greeted the enemy with odds and ends of Arabic phrases, and with Australianese that must have been incomprehensible to them.

1978, Patsy Adam-Smith, chapter X, in The ANZACS, page 102:

While the Australian black, brown, copperhead, the death adder, and taipan snakes are all poisonous, the real troublemaker (or "stirrer," as they say in Australianese) is the tiger snake.

1980 January, George Reiger, “Fishing In The Land Of Topsy-Turvy”, in Field & Stream, page 72:

'You said "ass" like an American.'
'Well, I know you wouldn't understand me if I said it in Australianese.' […]

2015, S. A. Gordon, Grand Slam, Xoum, →ISBN:

Australian English, especially when containing Australian slang or other Australianisms.


Sydnesian

From Sydney + -sian (c. 1837). Potentially derived from the sound /-dʒ(ə)n/ used in Glaswegian or Norwegian, with the g substituted by an s.

The Sydnesians then went in and scored 97; while in the second innings their adversaries only scored 32, leaving 33 in favor of Sydney with only one innings.

9 November 1837, “Sporting Intelligence”, in The Sydney Herald:

(dated) A native or inhabitant of Sydney, Australia.


Aboriginalism

(derogatory) A Western view of the Aboriginal cultures of Australia as being based around the Dreaming and other traditional mythology, and thus incompatible with modern society.


Texit

* (Texas): Blend of Texas + exit, modelled after Brexit, Grexit, etc.
* (Tasmania): Blend of Tasmania + exit, modelled after Brexit, Grexit, etc.

(Australia, politics) Synonym of Tasexit: The proposed secession or expulsion of Tasmania from Australia.


Brisvegas

/ˈbɹɪzˈveɪɡəs/

Blend of Brisbane + Las Vegas, in sarcastic reference to the city's lack of showy opulence, and partially as Brisbane had Queensland's first casino.

(Australia, slang) Brisbane, Queensland.


Perthite

A native or inhabitant of Perth, Australia.


Straits Settlements

Named for the Singapore Straits on older maps of the area.

(historical) A former colony of the United Kingdom in Southeast Asia between 1826–1946 consisting of modern-day Singapore and Malacca, Penang, and Perak in Malaysia, as well as a few other miscellaneous territories for other periods.


Cocos Islands

island off the Pacific coast of Costa Rica


Torres Strait Islands

A group of hundreds of small islands which lie in the Torres Strait, between Australia and New Guinea.


Torres Strait Islander

en-noun

Torres Strait Islander (plural Torres Strait Islanders)

Torres Strait Islands
Torres Strait Islands

A member of the indigenous people living on the Torres Strait Islands, considered distinct from the Aboriginal people of the rest of Australia.


Australianisation

It seemed, the Review reported, that the Foreign Investment Review Board would approve the terms and timetable of any Australianisation proposals.

1979, Susan Bambrick, Australian Minerals and Energy Policy:

This Australianisation of natural resource ownership is forcing the other companies to dilute their majority holdings and earlier this year CRA announced that it would move towards reducing its foreign ownership to less than 50 per cent.

However, design adaptation to meet the Australian Navy's unique requirements and political pressures to increase local content have resulted in considerable Australianisation of original designs.

2009, Stefan Markowski, Peter Hall, Robert Wylie, Defence Procurement and Industry Policy: A small country perspective, Routledge, →ISBN, page 341:


cultural cringe

Prior to the 1980s, Australian English had been widely deprecated by Australians themselves, principally as a result of a sense of inferiority known as "cultural cringe".

2012, James Lambert, “Beyond Hobson-Jobson: A new lexicography for Indian English”, in World Englishes, page 295:

In Australia, a formerly widespread belief that Australian cultural works, especially in literature and the arts, were inferior to those produced in Britain and Europe.


Port Adelaide

Port Adelaide Enfield
Port Adelaide Enfield#English

An area and port in Adelaide, in the City of Port Adelaide Enfield, South Australia.


Brisvegan

/ˈbɹɪzˈveɪɡən/

(Australia, slang) An inhabitant of Brisvegas (Brisbane, Queensland).


Great Artesian Basin

The largest and deepest artesian basin in the world which provides the only source of fresh water through much of inland Australia.


NSWR

(Australia, rail transport) Abbreviation of New South Wales Government Railways.


Top Ender

A person from the northern part of the Northern Territory, Australia.


Hillside

An area in Glenorie, near Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.


rock art

Traditional artwork of indigenous Australians, including paintings, drawings, engravings, stencils, bas-relief carvings, and beeswax figures, located in rock shelters and caves.


Western Australian

en-adj

Western Australian (comparative more Western Australian, superlative most Western Australian)

more Western Australian (comparative)
most Western Australian (superlative)


Western Australian

en-noun

Western Australian (plural Western Australians)

A native or inhabitant of Western Australia.


Sydney Harbour Bridge

A famous landmark in the city of Sydney in Australia


Sydney language

The Pama-Nyungan Australian Aboriginal language formerly spoken in the Sydney region, comprising both Dharuk and Eora.


Port Jackson Pidgin English

Australian Pidgin English
Australian Pidgin English

A former pidgin used between Australian Aboriginal peoples and non-Aboriginal settlers in the Sydney area in the early days of the British settlement of Australia; later developing into the more widespread Australian Pidgin English.


Washminster

Blend of Washington + Westminster. Coined by political scientist Elaine Thompson in 1980.

Having read Graham Maddox I can no longer complacently describe the Australian system as a Washminster mutation, nor as a successful system of representative democracy government, as I have in the past.

2005, A Passion for Politics: Essays in Honour of Graham Maddox:

This has caused speculation that New Zealand is moving from a classic Westminster parliamentary system to a more parliamentary-congressional 'Washminster' hybrid.

2007, Stephen I. Levine, Nigel S. Roberts, The Baubles of Office: The New Zealand General Election of 2005:

The move toward the "Washminster" model identified in the early 1980s may be measured by shifts in several of these indicators.

2017, Jong S. Jun, Development in the Asia Pacific: A Public Policiy Perspective, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, →ISBN, page 479:

(politics) A political system which has elements of both the Westminster system and the United States' political system ("Washington").


Radelaide

(Australia, informal, humorous) A nickname for Adelaide. (city in South Australia)


AUKUS

Blend of AU + UK + US; Acronym of Australia + United Kingdom + United States of America.; Coined in 2021

acronym of

And so, friends, AUKUS is born — a new enhanced trilateral security partnership between Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States. AUKUS: a partnership where our technology, our scientists, our industry, our defense forces are all working together to deliver a safer and more secure region that ultimately benefits all.
AUKUS will also enhance our contribution to our growing network of partnerships in the Indo-Pacific region: ANZUS; our ASEAN friends; our bilateral strategic partners, the Quad; Five Eyes countries; and, of course, our dear Pacific family.
The first major initiative of AUKUS will be to deliver a nuclear-powered submarine fleet for Australia.

2021 September 15, Scott Morrison, “Remarks by President Biden, Prime Minister Morrison of Australia, and Prime Minister Johnson of the United Kingdom Announcing the Creation of AUKUS”, in White House:

Although Australia, the UK, and US partnership, AUKUS, sounds strange with all these acronyms but it's a good one, AUKUS, our nations will update and enhance our shared ability to take on the threats of the 21st century just as we did in the 20th century: together. Our nations and our brave fighting forces have stood shoulder to shoulder for literally more than one hundred years. Through the trench fighting in World War I, the island hopping of World War II, during the frigid winters of Korea and the scorching heat of the Persian Gulf, the United States, Australia and the United Kingdom have long been faithful and capable partners, and are even closer today. Today we take another historic step to deepen and formalize cooperation among all three of our nations, because we all recognize the imperative of insuring peace and stability in the Indo-Pacific over the long term.

2021 September 17, Joe Biden, Australia's decades-long balancing act between the US and China is over. It chose Washington, CNN:

On Sept. 15, the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia unveiled a new security partnership, with the less-than-euphonious acronym AUKUS. The three states are close allies of long standing, but the headline item in the new arrangement is a joint effort to equip Australia with a fleet of advanced nuclear-powered submarines. U.S. President Joe Biden, Australian Prime Minister Scott Morrison, and British Prime Minister Boris Johnson also announced plans for more extensive cooperation on cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and quantum computing.
Those basic facts about AUKUS are pretty straightforward. But why it came together—and what it means—is more complicated and far more revealing about where the world is heading.

2021 September 18, Stephen M. Walt, “The AUKUS Dominoes Are Just Starting to Fall”, in Foreign Policy:

AUKUS envisages a wide range of diplomatic and technological collaboration, from cybersecurity to artificial intelligence, but at its core is an agreement to start consultations to help Australia acquire a fleet of nuclear-propelled (though not nuclear-armed) submarines. One consequence of this is Australia cancelling a contract, worth tens of billions of dollars, signed in 2016 with France for diesel-electric submarines. In announcing AUKUS on September 15th with the prime ministers of Australia and Britain, Scott Morrison and Boris Johnson, President Joe Biden stressed that it was about “investing in our greatest source of strength—our alliances”.

2021 September 19, “The strategic reverberations of the AUKUS deal will be big and lasting”, in The Economist:

Prime Minister Anthony Albanese was in the US to help announce the landmark AUKUS pact in San Diego this morning.

2023 March 14, “AUKUS deal: Jim Chalmers announces $8 billion HMAS Stirling naval base expansion”, in ABC Premium News (wire feed), Sydney:

(geopolitics, neologism) A security treaty between Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States; for the construction of nuclear submarines in Australia, and cooperation on cybersecurity and espionage technology; to contain the rise of China in the Indo-Pacific region.


ANZUS

Blend of AUS (“Australia”) + NZ (“New Zealand”) + US (“United States”).

blend

(geopolitics) A security treaty between Australia, New Zealand, and America for the Pacific region; particularly in naval affairs.


Australian as a meat pie

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Australian as a meat pie.wav

(simile) Having characteristics considered quintessential to Australians; very Australian.


SCG

Sydney Cricket Ground
w:Sydney Cricket Ground


Shitney

(Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, colloquial, vulgar, humorous) The city of Sydney, Australia.


Invasion Day

From the fact that Australia Day, which commemorated the beginning British colonization, also marks the invasion and oppression against Aboriginals.

(derogatory, typically in Aboriginal use) Australia Day.


Badelaide

(Australia, humorous, sometimes offensive) The city of Adelaide, Australia.


Shitneysider

Blend of Shitney + sider (shit + Sydneysider).

(Australia, vulgar, humorous, mildly derogatory) A Sydneysider.


Australian studies

(humanities) The study of Australians and Australian culture.


GWS

Australian rules football
Australian rules football

Greater Western Sydney Giants
w:Greater Western Sydney Giants

(Australian rules football) Initialism of Greater Western Sydney Giants.


Australian as a kangaroo

en-adj

Australian as a kangaroo (not comparable)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Australian as a kangaroo.wav


Waggarian

A native or inhabitant of Wagga Wagga (Australia).


FCCA

Federal Circuit Court of Australia
w:Federal Circuit Court of Australia

Initialism of Federal Circuit Court of Australia.

Film Critics Circle of Australia
w:Film Critics Circle of Australia

Initialism of Film Critics Circle of Australia.


Wynyard

An urban area in the central business district of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.


jewel in the Liberal crown

(Australian politics, historical) Victoria, a state of Australia.


St James

An area in the central business district of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.


Gold Coaster

An inhabitant or resident of the Gold Coast in Queensland, Australia.

A steel rollercoaster at Dreamworld, Gold Coast.


Tasmanian cave spider

en-noun

Tasmanian cave spider (plural Tasmanian cave spiders)

Quilty told me that some of the flora I may have noticed in the Andes were to be found elsewhere only in Tasmania […] and that insects like the Tasmanian cave spider were the sole family known outside Chile.

2004, Nicholas Shakespeare, In Tasmania, Harvill Press, p. 25

A species of large-clawed spider, Hickmania troglodytes, found in Tasmania.


Tasmaniac

No-one was terribly interested to hear about the findings of the Menzies Institute, which showed that Tasmaniacs have a lower rate of congenital malformation than the Australian average.

2004, Nicholas Shakespeare, In Tasmania, Harvill Press, p. 27

Irving was shocked that the Tasmaniac even knew that word.

2015, Stephen Ostrow, Magic Irving and His Magic Shoppe:

I need to recharge my batteries to have the energy to take on whatever surprise-challenge some ‘Tasmaniac’ has lined up for me.

2016, Miroslav Vesely, The Nude Kitchen Hand:

(colloquial, humorous) Someone from Tasmania.


New South Welshman

en-proper noun

New South Welshman (plural New South Welshmen)

(uncommon) A resident of New South Wales


South Australian

en-adjective

South Australian (comparative more South Australian, superlative most South Australian)

more South Australian (comparative)
most South Australian (superlative)


South Australian

en-proper noun

South Australian (plural South Australians)

An inhabitant or resident of South Australia.


Sunshine Coaster

Sunshine Coaster (plural Sunshine Coasters)

An inhabitant or resident of the Sunshine Coast, Queensland


Toowoomban

An inhabitant or resident of Toowoomba, Queensland


Townsvillean

An inhabitant or resident of Townsville, Queensland


Townsvillian

“As a proud Townsvillian, I’m passionate about providing positive, healthy female role models to our community and am honoured to be able to take on this role and build on the outstanding successes of the club to date.”

2019 March 14, “Fire unveil new GM”, in Townsville Fire:

“Mates Rates has been a great opportunity for Townsvillians to grab a great deal to get out and explore their own backyard while also supporting local businesses.

2024 February 20, “Townsville recovery campaign sells out in three days”, in Queensland Government:

An inhabitant or resident of Townsville, Queensland, Australia.


Cairnsite

An inhabitant or resident of Cairns, Queensland


Launcestonian

An inhabitant or resident of Launceston, Tasmania


Geelongite

(obsolete, Australia) An inhabitant or resident of Geelong, Victoria.


Gosfordian

An inhabitant or resident of Gosford, New South Wales


Central Coaster

en-noun

Central Coaster (plural Central Coasters)

An inhabitant or resident of the Central Coast, New South Wales


Mackayite

An inhabitant or resident of Mackay, Queensland


Rockhamptonian

An inhabitant or resident of Rockhampton, Queensland


Bundabergian

An inhabitant or resident of Bundaberg, Queensland


Vuck

Shortened form of "Victory". Popularised by a Melbourne Victory fan podcast, For Vuck's Sake (derived from the vulgar expression "for fuck's sake").

(informal, Australia, soccer) A supporter of Melbourne Victory (an Australian soccer club based in Melbourne)


Newy

(Australia, informal) Newcastle (a city in New South Wales)


New South Welsh

en-adjective

New South Welsh (comparative more New South Welsh, superlative most New South Welsh)

more New South Welsh (comparative)
most New South Welsh (superlative)

(rare) Of or pertaining to New South Wales