English

en-prop

English (countable and uncountable, plural Englishes)

English (surname)
English#Places in the United States

Englishes (plural)
Inglish (alternative)
Englishe (alternative)
english (alternative)
english (alternative)

→ Cherokee: ᎩᎵᏏ (gilisi)

→ Maori: Ingarihi

q

→ Ukrainian: і́нгліш (ínhliš) (referring to the English language as a school subject)

From Middle English Englisch, English, Inglis, from Old English Englisċ (“of the Angles; English”), from Engle (“the Angles”), a Germanic tribe + -isċ; equivalent to Engle + -ish. Compare West Frisian Ingelsk, Scots Inglis (older ynglis), Dutch Engels, Danish engelsk, Old French Englesche (whence French anglais), German englisch, Spanish inglés, all ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enǵʰ- (“narrow”) (compare Sanskrit अंहु (áṃhu, “narrow”), अंहस् (áṃhas, “anxiety, sin”), Latin angustus (“narrow”), Old Church Slavonic ѫзъкъ (ǫzŭkŭ, “narrow”)).

cog

A number of places in the United States:

A town, the county seat of Crawford County, Indiana; named for Indiana statesman William Hayden English.


Mexico

→ Assamese: মেক্সিকো (meksikü)

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܡܟܣܝܩܘ (mksiqw)

→ Burmese: မက္ကဆီကို (makka.hcikui)

→ Chinese: 墨西哥 (Mòxīgē)

→ Dhivehi: މެކްސިކޯ (mek̊sikō)

→ Finnish: Meksiko

→ Hebrew: מֶקְסִיקוֹ (méksiko)

→ Hindi: मेक्सिको (meksiko)

→ Irish: Meicsiceo

→ Japanese: メキシコ (Mekishiko)

→ Korean: 멕시코 (Meksiko)

→ Thai: เม็กซิโก (mék-sí-goo)

→ Yoruba: Mẹ́síkò

Borrowed from Spanish México, from Classical Nahuatl Mēxihco, a place-name referring to the Mēxihcah (Mexica/Aztecs).

México (alternative)
Mehico (alternative)

Aguascalientes · Baja California · Baja California Sur · Campeche · Chiapas · Chihuahua · Coahuila · Colima · Durango · Guanajuato · Guerrero · Hidalgo · Jalisco · Mexico · Michoacán · Morelos · Nayarit · Nuevo León · Oaxaca · Puebla · Querétaro · Quintana Roo · San Luis Potosí · Sinaloa · Sonora · Tabasco · Tamaulipas · Tlaxcala · Veracruz · Yucatán · Zacatecas

A town in Oxford County, Maine, United States.

A town and village in Oswego County, New York, United States.


Norway

→ Japanese: ノルウェー (Noruwē)

From Middle English Norwey, Norweye, Northwey, Norweȝe, Norewæiȝ, Norwæge, from Old English Norþweġ, a calque of Old Norse Norðvegr (“north way”), from norðr (“north”) + vegr (“way”), contrasted with suðrvegr (“south way”), i.e. Germany, and austrvegr (“east way”), the Baltic lands. Norwegian (1607) is from Medieval Latin Norvegia, with the -w- from Norway. Equivalent to North + way.

Norroway (alternative)
Norwey (alternative)

A small town in Herkimer County, New York.

Orangeburg County
Orangeburg County#English

A small town in Orangeburg County, South Carolina.


Egypt

→ Burmese: အီဂျစ် (igyac)

→ Chinese: 埃及 (Āijí)

→ Korean: 애굽 (Aegup)

→ Vietnamese: Ai Cập

→ Cornish: Ejyp

→ Gujarati: ઇજિપ્ત (ijipt)

→ Hindi: इजिप्ट (ijipṭ), इजिप्त (ijipt)

→ Iban: Ejip

→ Japanese: エジプト (Ejiputo)

→ Kannada: ಈಜಿಪ್ಟ್ (ījipṭ)

→ Korean: 이집트 (Ijipteu)

→ Malayalam: ഈജിപ്റ്റ് (ījipṟṟ)

→ Maori: Īhipa

→ Marathi: इजिप्त (ijipta)

→ Navajo: Ííjip

→ Nepali: इजिप्ट (ijipṭa)

→ Odia: ଇଜିପ୍ଟ (ijipṭa)

→ Paiwan: Idjiputu

→ Thai: อียิปต์ (ii-yìp)

From Middle English Egipt, from Middle French Egypte, from Latin Aegyptus, from Ancient Greek Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos) (see also the Mycenaean Greek ethnonym 𐁁𐀓𐀠𐀴𐀍 (a3-ku-pi-ti-jo, “Egyptian”)), from Egyptian ḥwt-kꜣ-ptḥ (“Egypt; Memphis; the temple of Ptah in Memphis”, literally “The temple of the ka of Ptah”), whose Late Egyptian pronunciation is reflected by Akkadian 𒄭𒆪𒌒𒋫𒀪 (ḫikuptaḫ).

der

Ægypt (alternative)
Ægipt (alternative)
Aegipt (alternative)
Egipt (alternative)
Egipte (alternative)

Craighead County
Craighead County#English


Poland

→ Japanese: ポーランド (Pōrando)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂-der.
Proto-Slavic *poľe
Proto-Slavic *-janъ
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Slavic *-inъ
Proto-Slavic *-janinъ
Proto-Slavic *poľaninъder.
German Polebor.
English Pole
Proto-Indo-European *lendʰ-
Proto-Indo-European *-om
Proto-Germanic *landą
Proto-West Germanic *land
Old English land
Middle English lond
English land
English Poland
1560s. From Pole + land, a phono-semantic matching of German Polen (“Poland”), from Old Polish Polanie (“Poles”, literally “field dwellers”), from Proto-Slavic *poľane, plural of *poľaninъ (“field dweller”), from *poľe (“field”) + *-ěninъ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“flat, wide”).

der

Androscoggin County
Androscoggin County#English

Chautauqua County
Chautauqua County#English


Greenland

From green + land, calque of Old Norse Grǿnland, from grǿnn (“green”) + land (“land”).


Armenia

From Latin Armenia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρμενία (Armenía) (early 5th century BC), from Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐎷𐎡𐎴 (a-r-mi-i-n /Armina/) (late 6th century BC); see it for more. The Old Persian name is an exonym: see հայ (hay) for the native name. Attested in English since late 14th century.

A town in Sonsonate department, El Salvador


Bolivia

Bolivia
Bolivia, North Carolina
Simón Bolívar

Borrowed from Spanish and New Latin Bolivia (“land of Bolivar”), from the South American revolutionary leader Simón Bolívar + -ia (forming placenames), from the Spanish surname Bolívar, from Basque Bolibar, a village in Álava, Basque Country, Spain, from Basque bolu (“windmill”) + ibar (“valley”).

Brunswick County
Brunswick County#English

A small town, the county seat of Brunswick County, North Carolina, United States.


China

en-proper noun

China (usually uncountable, plural Chinas)

Chinas (plural)
Chin (alternative)
Chyna (alternative)

→ Amharic: ቻይና (čayna)

→ Chinese: 猜拿 (Cāiná)

→ Hindi: चाइना (cāinā)

→ Maori: Haina

→ Telugu: చైనా (cainā)

→ Tigre: ቻይና (čayna)

→ Tigrinya: ቻይና (čayna)

→ Tokelauan: Haina

→ Welsh: Tsieina

→ Yoruba: Ṣáínà

[ˈt͡ʃ(ʰ)aɪ̯nə]

China (disambiguation)
Colóquios dos simples e drogas da India
Duarte Barbosa
Garcia de Orta
Marco Polo
The Travels of Marco Polo
states of ancient China

From Portuguese China, probably under influence from Old French Chin, from Classical Persian چین (čīn), from Middle Persian 𐭰𐭩𐭭 (Čīn, “China”), from Sanskrit चीन (cīna, “the Chinese; China”) of uncertain etymology. It is usually thought to be derived from Chinese 秦 (Qín) (sm Qín, mc d͡ziɪn, oc *zin, "Qin"), the westernmost ancient Chinese state, but other theories have been proposed, including derivation from 晉 /晋 (jìn) (sm Jìn, mc t͡siɪn, oc *ʔsins, "Jin"), another important ancient state; 荊 /荆 (jīng) (sm Jīng, mc kˠiæŋ, oc *keŋ, "Chu"), the southernmost ancient Chinese state; or Zina, the endonym of the people of the Yelang kingdom. See "Names of China" and "Chinas" at Wikipedia. As a female name, usually derived via china (“porcelain”) and china doll, ultimately from the same source.

Sjina

region corresponding to the People's Republic of China and Taiwan

A town in Kennebec County, Maine, United States.

A municipality and town in Nuevo León, Mexico.


China

China (disambiguation)
Zhengzhang Shangfang
zh:鄭張尚芳

According to the town of China, if all students commuting by motorcycles switched to electric ones, carbon emissions could be reduced to under one-fourth of the current amount.

2022 December 24, “School on Japan island lends electric scooters to students for eco-friendly, cheap commute”, in The Mainich:

The two towns on the island, China (pronounced chee-nah) and Wadomari, along with neighboring Tokunoshima island, each have different dialects.

2024 August 21, “Linguists rush to preserve rare dialect on remote Kagoshima isle”, in The Asahi Shinbun:


Cuba

→ Japanese: キューバ (Kyūba)

→ Hawaiian: Kupa

Disputed; likely from Taíno cubao (“abundant fertile land”) or coabana (“great place”).

unk

Disputed

A locale in the United States; named for the island country.

A town and village therein, in Allegany County, New York.


Denmark

→ Japanese: デンマーク (Denmāku)

→ Korean: 덴마크 (Denmakeu)

→ Malay: Denmark

Indonesian: Denmark

From Middle English Denmark, from Danish Danmark, from dansk (“Danish”) + Old Norse merki (“boundary”) or mǫrk (“borderland”). Cognate with (and perhaps influenced by) Old English Denemearc.

something is rotten in the state of Denmark

A town and local government area (Shire of Denmark) in the Great Southern region, Western Australia.

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

A number of places in other countries:
A place in the United States:
A town in Oxford County, Maine.

A number of places in other countries:
A place in the United States:
A town in Lewis County, New York.


Jamaica

From the Massachusett word for “beaver”, tummunk. Compare next etymology. Doublet of Tamaqua and Etymology 4.


Lebanon

en-proper noun

Lebanon (usually uncountable, plural Lebanons)

→ Japanese: レバノン (Rebanon)

The country's name comes from the name of the mountain range, which in turn comes from Biblical Hebrew לְבָנוֹן (ləḇānôn), from Proto-West Semitic *laban- (“white”) (compare Hebrew לָבָן (lāḇān, “white”), Arabic لَبَن (laban, “milk”)).

Various places in the United States of America:

A town in New London County, Connecticut.

New London County
New London County#English

A small town in Potter County, South Dakota.

A town, the county seat of Russell County, Virginia.

A town and census-designated place in Dodge County, Wisconsin.

census-designated place
census-designated place


Mozambique

Borrowed from Portuguese Moçambique, from the name of sultan Mussa Bin Bique.

Mosambique (alternative)
Mocambique (alternative)

An island or its town in the province of Nampula, Mozambique, from which its name was transferred to the country.


Peru

→ Japanese: ペルー (Perū)

From Spanish Perú, possibly from the personal name Birú, or from the Quechua pelu (“river”).

Places in the United States:
A town in Maine.

Places in the United States:
A town in Massachusetts.

Places in the United States:
A town in New York.

Places in the United States:
A town in Vermont.

Places in the United States:
A town in Wisconsin


Spanish

Spanish (countable and uncountable, plural Spanishes)

From Middle English Spainish, Spanish, equivalent to Spain + -ish.


Wales

en-prop

Wales (countable and uncountable, plural Waleses)

wails (whales in accents with wine-whine merger)

From Middle English Wales, from Old English Wēalas, plural of wealh (“Celt, Welsh person”), from Proto-West Germanic *walh, from Proto-Germanic *walhaz (“Celt, Roman”). Compare the second element in Cornwall, and also Gaul.

A number of places in the United States:


Jupiter

From Latin Iūpiter (“father Jove”), from Proto-Italic *djous patēr (literally “sky father”) (cognate with Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeû páter, “father Zeus”)), from *djous (“day, sky”) + *patēr (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (literally “the bright one”), from *dyew- (“to be bright, day sky”), and *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Doublet of Dyaus Pita.

der

Palm Beach County
Palm Beach County#English

A town in Palm Beach County, Florida, named in error after the Roman god.


Georgia

From George (male given name) + -ia (place-name suffix).

af

/ˈd͡ʒɔː.d͡ʒə/

/ˈd͡ʒɔɹ.d͡ʒə/

/ˈd͡ʒɔʊ.d͡ʒə/

Alabama · Alaska · Arizona · Arkansas · California · Colorado · Connecticut · Delaware · Florida · Georgia · Hawaii · Idaho · Illinois · Indiana · Iowa · Kansas · Kentucky · Louisiana · Maine · Maryland · Massachusetts · Michigan · Minnesota · Mississippi · Missouri · Montana · Nebraska · Nevada · New Hampshire · New Jersey · New Mexico · New York · North Carolina · North Dakota · Ohio · Oklahoma · Oregon · Pennsylvania · Rhode Island · South Carolina · South Dakota · Tennessee · Texas · Utah · Vermont · Virginia · Washington · West Virginia · Wisconsin · Wyoming

American Samoa · Guam · Northern Mariana Islands · Puerto Rico · United States minor outlying islands · United States Virgin Islands

A town in Franklin County, Vermont, named for George III of the United Kingdom (1738–1820).


Jordan

en-proper noun

Jordan (countable and uncountable, plural Jordans)

From Latin Iordanēs, from Ancient Greek Ἰορδάνης (Iordánēs), from Biblical Hebrew יַרְדֵּן (yardén, “Jordan (river)”). Doublet of Yarden.

der

A small town, the county seat of Garfield County, Montana.


Saxon

Partially from Middle English Saxe, Sax; from Old English *Seaxa (attested in plural Seaxan), and Saxoun, from Old French *Saxoun, Saxon (“Saxon”), from Late Latin Saxōnem, accusative of Saxō (“a Saxon”), both from Proto-West Germanic *sahs, from Proto-Germanic *sahsą (“rock, knife”), from Proto-Indo-European *sek- (“to cut”). Doublet of Sais.
Cognates
Cognate with Middle Low German sasse (“someone speaking Saxon, i.e. (Middle) Low German”), Old English Seaxa (“a Saxon”), Old High German Sahso (“a Saxon”), Icelandic Saxi (“a Saxon”), Estonian saks (“lord; German”), Finnish Saksa (“Germany”). Also cognate to Old English seax (“a knife, hip-knife, an instrument for cutting, a short sword, dirk, dagger”); more at sax.

cog

A town and census-designated place therein, in Iron County, Wisconsin, United States.


Welsh

Volcae
Welsh
Welsh language
Welsh people

From Middle English Walsch, Welische, from Old English wīelisċ (“Briton; Roman; Celt”), from Proto-West Germanic *walhisk, from Proto-Germanic *walhiskaz (“Celt; later Roman”), from *walhaz (“Celt, Roman”) (compare Old English wealh), from the name of the Gaulish tribe, the Volcae (recorded only in Latin contexts).
This word was borrowed from Germanic into Slavic (compare Old Church Slavonic Влахъ (Vlaxŭ, “Vlachs, Romanians”), Byzantine Greek Βλάχος (Blákhos)).
Doublet of Vellish. Compare Walloon, walnut, Vlach, Walach, Gaul, Cornwall.

cog

A town in Louisiana, United States, named for early landowner Henry Welsh.


Victoria

en-proper noun

Victoria (countable and uncountable, plural Victorias or Victoriae)

From Latin Victōria, from victōria (“victory”). Doublet of Vitória. The given name can also be analyzed as the male name Victor + -ia. The places were named in honour of Queen Victoria of Great Britain.

Newfoundland and Labrador
Newfoundland and Labrador#English

A town in Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador.

Lunenburg County
Lunenburg County#English

A town in Lunenburg County, Virginia, named after Queen Victoria.

A town in Cabañas department, El Salvador


Canadian

A name of uncertain origin. The city and town names are after the river.

Pittsburg County
Pittsburg County#English


Ontario

/ɒnˈtɛə.ɹi.əʊ/

Probably from Wyandot ontari꞉io (literally “great lake”). If so, ultimately from Proto-North Iroquoian *-õtaɹeɁ and Proto-Iroquoian * -õːtaɹiɁ.

Օնտարիո

lake between Ontario province and New York State — see also Lake Ontario

A town, hamlet, and census-designated place in Wayne County, New York.


Delhi

A locale in North America; named for the city in India.


Perth

From Scottish Gaelic Peairt, from Pictish *ᚚᚓᚏᚈ (pert) meaning “wood, copse, thicket”, related to Welsh perth and perhaps Proto-Celtic *kʷerxtā (from Proto-Indo-European *pérkʷus (“oak”).

A town, the county seat of Lanark County, Ontario, Canada.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Fulton County, New York.


Adelaide

→ Greek: Άντελαϊντ (Ántelaïnt)

Borrowed from French Adélaïde, from Old High German Adalheidis (from adal (“noble”) + -heit (“nature, character”)), modern German Adelheid; doublet of Alice.

Adelaide (given name)
Adelaide River
Adelaide, South Australia

Queen Adelaide
w:Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen

William IV
w:William IV of the United Kingdom

Places named for Queen Adelaide, consort of William IV.


Melbourne

Named after the 2nd Viscount of Melbourne, Derbyshire, itself deriving from the Old English mylen (“mill”) + burne (“stream”).

South Derbyshire
South Derbyshire#English

A market town and civil parish in South Derbyshire district, Derbyshire, England, located in the East Midlands (OS grid ref SK3825).


Toronto

[tʰəˈɹɑɾ̃o(ʊ)]

[t͡ʃəˈɹɑno(ʊ)]

[t̠͡ɹ̠̊˔ʷɑɾ̃ə]

Lake Couchiching
Lake Simcoe
The Globe and Mail
Toronto
Toronto (disambiguation)

From Mohawk tkaronto (“where trees stand in water”), originally referring to the strait between Lake Simcoe and Lake Couchiching. Compare karón:ta (“tree”) from Proto-North Iroquoian *-ɹõt-.

A small town in Deuel County, South Dakota, named after Toronto, Ontario.


Halifax

From Old English halh-ġefeaxe (literally “grassy corner”), compounded from halh + ġefeaxe. Folk etymology suggests Old English hāliġfeax (literally “holy hair”), as compounded from hāliġ + feax, from a local legend that the town is said to have received the name from the fact that the hair of a murdered virgin was hung up on a tree in the neighborhood, which became a resort of pilgrims. Compare also Fairfax.
The capital city of Nova Scotia is named after statesman George Montagu-Dunk, 2nd Earl of Halifax (1716–1771).
The civil parish is also named after the 2nd Earl of Halifax. Coined by British-Dutch surveyor Samuel Holland.

coin

An industrial town in West Yorkshire, England, 20km south-west of Leeds.

A small town, the county seat of Halifax County, North Carolina, United States.

A town, the county seat of Halifax County, Virginia, United States.


Charlottetown

/ˈʃɑɹ.ləˌtaʊn/

The name of the city on Prince Edward Island is Charlotte + town. The city is named after Queen Charlotte (1744-1818). The town in Labrador was named after the city on Prince Edward Island by the local resident Benjamin Powell, who had hoped that the settlement might one day reach a similar size and importance.

A town in Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada.


Ottawa

→ French: Ottawa

→ Japanese: オタワ

desctree

→ Russian: Оттава (Ottava)
→ Armenian: Օտտավա (Ōttava)

[ˈɔɾ̥əwa(ː)]

From Ojibwe odaawaa/ᐅᑡᐙ (“an Ottawa; a trader”), from Proto-Algonquian *atawewa (“to trade”).

Odawa (alternative)
Odaawaa (alternative)
Ottowa (alternative)

A number of places in the United States:

A town and unincorporated community in Waukesha County, Wisconsin.


Leon

David Camden de Leon
Independence, Iowa
Juan Ponce de Leon
Legio VII Gemina
Martín De León
Mexican–American War

From Spanish León, from Latin legiō (“legion”), named for the Legio VII Gemina, which settled there. In reference to the New York town and Texan river, taken from the former Spanish kingdom. The Texan lake is named for the river. The Floridian county is named for the Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de Leon. The Texan county is named for Martin de Leon, founder of Victoria, Texas. The town in Monroe Co., Wisconsin, was named for the Mexican city. The Iowan town was changed to honor the "Fighting Doctor" of the Mexican–American War David Camden de Leon after it was discovered that Iowa already had a city named Independence. The Kansan town was named for the one in Iowa. Doublet of legion via Old French. The California town was named for the nearby Leon Mine.

Cattaraugus County
Cattaraugus County#English

A town in Cattaraugus County, New York, United States.

A town in Love County, Oklahoma, United States.

A town in Monroe County, Wisconsin, United States.

A town in Waushara County, Wisconsin, United States.


Bombay

From Portuguese Bombaim, possibly from Marathi मुंबादेवी (mumbādevī, “goddess Mumba”) or from bom + baim. Most likely a combination of both.

der

Bombay
Bombay cat
en:Bombay (disambiguation)

A town in Franklin County, New York, United States.


Georgetown

/ˈd͡ʒɔː(ɹ)d͡ʒtaʊn/

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

A town in Saint Vincent, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in Arkansas.

A town, the county seat of Sussex County, Delaware; named for Delaware statesman George Mitchell.

A town in Indiana; named for George Waltz, who platted the town.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in Maine.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in Massachusetts.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in Mississippi.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in New York.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in Polk County, Wisconsin.

Places in the United States of America:
A town in Price County, Wisconsin.

Places in Australia and New Zealand (Australasia):

A town in Queensland; named for early gold commissioner Howard St George.


Cornish

From Corn(wall) + -ish, from Cornish Kernewek, Kernowek.

The name of a town:
A town in New Hampshire.

A town in Utah, at the border with Idaho.


Milton

The English place names are from Old English mylen (“mill”) or middel (“middle”) + tun (“settlement”).

A town in the Regional Municipality of Halton, Ontario; named for poet John Milton.

A town in Sussex County, Delaware; named for poet John Milton.

A town in Washington Township, Wayne County, Indiana; named for the watermills in the area.

A town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts; named for Milton Abbey in Dorset, England.

Strafford County
Strafford County#English

A town and census-designated place therein, in Strafford County, New Hampshire; named for either a mill in the area or for the Viscount Milton.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Saratoga County, New York; named for either poet John Milton or a mill in the area.

A town in Caswell County, North Carolina; named for a mill in the area.

Chittenden County
Chittenden County#English

A town and census-designated place therein, in Chittenden County, Vermont, a suburb of Burlington; named for British statesman William Fitzwilliam, Viscount Milton.

A town in Cabell County, West Virginia; named for landowner Milton Reece.

A place in the United States:
A town in Buffalo County, Wisconsin.

A town and city therein, in Rock County, Wisconsin; named for poet John Milton.


Webster

en-proper noun

Webster (countable and uncountable, plural Websters)

Worcester County
Worcester County#English

A number of places in the United States:

A town and census-designated place therein, in Worcester County, Massachusetts.

Merrimack County
Merrimack County#English

A town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire.

A town and village therein, in Monroe County, New York.

A town in Jackson County, North Carolina.


Palestine

→ Korean: 팔레스타인 (Palleseutain)

→ Malay: Palestin

Medinet Habu
Padiiset's Statue
Palestine

From Middle English Palestyne, from Old English Palestina, from Latin Palaestīna (“Roman province of Palestine”), from Ancient Greek Παλαιστίνη (Palaistínē, “Philistia and the surrounding region”), from Hebrew פְּלֶשֶׁת (p'léshet, “Philistia, land of the Philistines”). The term P-l-s-t or P-r-s-t, found in five Ancient Egyptian inscriptions (beginning with one at Medinet Habu from circa 1170 BCE and ending with Padiiset's Statue inscription from circa 900-850 BCE) as the name of a people near Egypt, is traditionally taken to be cognate. Seven Assyrian inscriptions contain the word "Palas(h)tu" or "Pilistu", which is usually also taken to be cognate.

der

St. Francis County
St. Francis County#English


Amsterdam

Montgomery County
Montgomery County#English

A number of places in the United States, most being named after the Dutch city:

A town and city in Montgomery County, New York.

A town in Mpumalanga province, South Africa.


Genoa

/ˈdʒɛn.əʊ.ə/

/d͡ʒɛnˈoʊ.ə/

From Latin Genua (influenced by Italian Genova), as the city was known by the ancient Ligurians. Probably from the Ancient Ligurian word for “knee”, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénw-eh₂ (“knee”), a thematic derivative of Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu; in this sense “angle”, from its geographical position, thus akin to Geneva.

A town in the Shire of East Gippsland, Victoria, Australia.

A small statutory town in Lincoln County, Colorado.

An unincorporated town in Douglas County, Nevada.

A town and village therein, in Vernon County, Wisconsin. Former name of village: Bad Axe.


Alençon

/ˌælɒ̃nˈsɒ̃n/

A town and commune, the capital of Orne department, Normandy, France.


Andrew

en-proper noun

Andrew (countable and uncountable, plural Andrews)

[ˈeᵊnˌd̠ɹ̠˔ʷʊ̈u]

[ˈænˌd̠ɹ̠ʷ˔ʊ̈u]

From Ancient Greek Ἀνδρέας (Andréas), cognate with ἀνδρεῖος (andreîos, “manly”), both from ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”). Doublet of André, Andreas, Andrei, and Andrey.

doublet

A town in Jackson County, Iowa, United States.


Watson

and narrator of the Sherlock Holmes stories

A town in the Rural Municipality of Lakeside No. 338, Saskatchewan, Canada.


Bentley

From Old English Beonetlēah. Originally a Sussex habitational name, the word leah or leag meaning field in Old English. Hence, equivalent to bent (“bent-grass”) + -leigh/lea (“meadow, field”); compare Bentham.

A place name, including:
A town in Alberta, Canada.

A small town in Hancock County, Illinois.


Athens

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Athens.wav

From Middle English Athens, from Old French Athenes, Atenes, from Latin Athēnae pl (acc. Athēnās), from Ancient Greek Ἀθῆναι pl (Athênai), the plural form of Ἀθήνη (Athḗnē, “Athena”) (q.v.), the goddess. More at Athena. Doublet of Athina.

Several places in the United States:
A town in Somerset County, Maine.

A town and village in Greene County, New York.

Several places in the United States:
A town in Windham County, Vermont.

Several places in the United States:
A town in Mercer County, West Virginia.


Paris

Paree (alternative)
Parish (alternative)
Parris (alternative)
Parrish (alternative)
Pares (alternative)

desctree

→ Arabic: بارِيس (bārīs), بَارِيز (bārīz) — dated, پَارِيس (pārīs) — rare
→ Afar: Baaríis
→ Somali: Baaríis

→ Hindi: पेरिस (peris)

→ Urdu: پَیرِس (pairis)
→ Punjabi: پَیرَس (pairas)

From Middle English Parys, Paris, from Old French Paris, from the Late Latin name of an earlier settlement, Lutetia Parisiorum (“Lutetia of the Parisii”), from Latin Parīsiī, a Gaulish tribe, from Transalpine Gaulish *parios (“cauldron”), from Proto-Celtic *kʷaryos, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer-. Doublet of Parizh.

der

General American, Canada, Mary–marry–merry merger

A town, the county seat of Oxford County, Maine.

A town in Oneida County, New York; named for early benefactor Col. Isaac Paris.

A locale named after the French city.
A locale in the United States.
A town in Grant County, Wisconsin.

A town and unincorporated community therein, in Kenosha County, Wisconsin; named for the town in New York.


Moscow

Ultimately from Old East Slavic Москов- (Moskov-), originally referring to the Moskva River, probably from Proto-Slavic *mosky (“swamp, dampness, moisture”). Perhaps related to Czech moskva (“raw bread”), Slovak mozga (“puddle”), Polish Mozgawa, and more distantly Latvian mazgāt (“to wash, rinse”), Sanskrit मज्जति (májjati, “to sink”), Latin mergō (“to dive”), all from Proto-Indo-European *mesg- (“to plunge, dip”). Cognate with Russian промозглый (promozglyj, “dank”).

A large number of places in the United States:

A small town in Iowa County, Wisconsin; named after the Mascouten tribe.


Madrid

A town and municipality of Western Savanna Province, Cundinamarca department, Colombia.

A town in Tecomán Municipality, Colima, Mexico.

A small town in Houston County, Alabama.

St. Lawrence County
St. Lawrence County#English

A town in St. Lawrence County, New York.


Naples

From French Naples, from Latin Neāpolis, from Ancient Greek Νεᾱ́πολῐς (Neā́polĭs), from νέᾱ (néā, “new”) + πόλῐς (pólĭs, “city”) after the relocation of the original Greek settlement in the area. Doublet of Nabeul, Nablus, Neapoli, and Neapolis. Compare Newton.

doublet

A town and village in New York, United States.


California

en-proper noun

California (countable and uncountable, plural Californias)

Etymology of California
Las sergas de Esplandián

Probably Spanish after California, a Utopian island of the Amazons described in Las sergas de Esplandián, a 16th-century Spanish novel. The name comes from the fictional island's Muslim-allied queen, Calafia, whose name is a play on Arabic خَلِيفَة (ḵalīfa, “caliph”). For more information see: Etymology of California.

A town in Santander department, Colombia.

A town in Usulután department, El Salvador.

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago#English


Arcadia

From Latin Arcadia, from Ancient Greek Ἀρκαδία (Arkadía).

Arcadia
Arcadia (ancient region)
Arcadia (utopia)

A number of places in the United States:

A town in Jackson Township, Hamilton County, Indiana.

Bienville Parish
Bienville Parish#English

A town, the parish seat of Bienville Parish, Louisiana.

Trempealeau County
Trempealeau County#English

A city and town in Trempealeau County, Wisconsin.

Greater Shepparton
Greater Shepparton#English

A town in the City of Greater Shepparton, Victoria.


Pella

From Latin Pella from Ancient Greek Πέλλα (Pélla), from Ancient Greek πέλλα (pélla) (presumably from an earlier *πέλσα) from Proto-Indo-European *pels- (“stone”). Cognates include Irish aill (“boulder, cliff”), Pashto پرښه (parša, “rock, rocky ledge”), Sanskrit पाषाण m (pāṣāṇa) / पाषी f (pāṣī, “stone”), Proto-Germanic *falisaz, English fell (“rocky ridge”), Old Norse fell / fjall (“mountain”), German Fels (“rock, cliff”)


Albert

en-prop

Albert (countable and uncountable, plural Alberts)

From Old English Æþelbeorht, from Proto-West Germanic *Aþalberht, a compound of *aþalaz (“noble”) + *berhtaz (“bright, famous”), or from Old French Albert, from Latin Albertus, itself from the Germanic name. Regardless of the exact route, it is a doublet of Ethelbert. It became popular in 19th-century England due to Queen Victoria’s consort, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha.


Vulcan

From Latin Vulcānus, probably from Etruscan although very unclear, but unknown meaning and further origin (see more in Latin entry). Doublet of bolcane and volcano.

A town in Vulcan County, southern Alberta, Canada.


town

→ Chichewa: tawuni

→ Jersey Dutch: tāun

→ Pennsylvania German: Taun

→ Japanese: タウン (taun)

From Middle English toun, from Old English tūn (“enclosure, garden”), from Proto-West Germanic *tūn, from Proto-Germanic *tūną (“fence”), of Celtic origin, from Proto-Celtic *dūnom, from Proto-Indo-European *dewh₂- (“to finish, come full circle”).
See also West Frisian tún, Dutch tuin (“garden”), German Zaun, Danish, Swedish and Norwegian tun; also archaic Welsh din (“hill”), Irish dún (“fortress”). Doublet of dun. See also -ton and tine (“to enclose”).

der

tahn (alternative)
tawn (alternative)
toon (alternative)
toune (alternative)
towne (alternative)

bad part of town
bad part of town#English

come upon the town
come upon the town#English

gentleman about town
gentleman about town#English

only game in town
only game in town#English

paint the town red
paint the town red#English

park the beef bus in tuna town
park the beef bus in tuna town#English

roll around town
roll around town#English

take someone to brown town
take someone to brown town#English

take to pound town
take to pound town#English

talk of the town
talk of the town#English

there is a new sheriff in town
there is a new sheriff in town#English

toast of the town
toast of the town#English

town-building game
town-building game#English

woman about town
woman about town#English

woman of the town
woman of the town#English

wrong side of town
wrong side of town#English

agrotown
assize town
bad part of town
bedroom town
big end of town
blow town
book town
boom town, boomtown
B-town
bytown
cathedral town
churchtown
clone town
closed town
coal town
college town
come upon the town
commuter town
company town
county town
cowtown
cow town
cross town, cross-town, crosstown
cybertown
darktown
dog town
dormitory town
down-town
downtown
ecotown
fortified town
garrison town
gentleman about town
get out of town
ghost town
go to town
go-to-town
go to town on
gray town
hat town
hill town, hilltown
hog town
hometown, home town
intertown
intown
in town
jerkwater town
kirktown
kirk-town
leave town
man-about-town
man about town
market town
midtown
monotown
multitown
new kid in town
new town
old town
oldtown
one-camel town
one-horse town
only game in town
on the town
out-of-town
out of town
paint the town
paint the town red
panchayat town
paper town
park the beef bus in tuna town
post town
pound town
P-town
Radio Town
resort town
roll around town
run out of town
satellite town
shacktown
shantytown
shanty town
shire town
skip town
small-town
smalltown
small town
stannary town
sundowner town
sundown town
sunset town
take someone to brown town
take to pound town
talk of the town
tank town
there is a new sheriff in town
toast of the town
top end of town
town-and-gown
town and gown
townball
town ball
town belt
town bicycle
town bike
town-building game
town camp
town car
town center, town centre
town-clerk
town clerk
town council
town councillor
town cress
town crier
town drunk
town dweller
town-dweller
towndweller
towned
townee
towner
townfield
townfolk
townful
town gas
town hall, townhall
townhome
townhood
town house, townhouse
townie
townish
townland
townless
townlet
townlike
townling
townly
town mail
townman
town manager
townmate
town mayor
town planner
town planning
townscape
townsfellow
townsfolk
township
townsite
townsman
townsmate
townspeople
townsperson
town square
townswoman
town twinning
town walls
townward
townwards
townwear
townwide
towny
transition town
Troy town
twin town
university town
uptown
wich town
woman about town
woman of the town
wrong side of town
Zoom town


Daniel

Danis (alternative)
Daneau (alternative)
Danel (alternative)
Danès (alternative)
Danet (alternative)
Daniau (alternative)
Deniau (alternative)
Deniaud (alternative)
Deniel (alternative)
Dennel (alternative)
Dany (alternative)
Daniellot (alternative)
Daniélou (alternative)

From Middle English Daniel, Daniell, from Ancient Greek Δᾱνῑήλ (Dānīḗl), from Hebrew דָּנִיֵּאל (daniyél, literally “God is my judge”), name borne from the prophet whose story is told in the Book of Daniel.


Belfast

From Irish Béal Feirste (literally “mouth of the River Farset”).

A place named for either the city in Northern Ireland or another place also named as such.


Berlin

en-proper noun

Berlin (countable and uncountable, plural Berlins)

Baden-Württemberg · Bavaria · Brandenburg · Hesse · Lower Saxony · Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania · North Rhine-Westphalia · Rhineland-Palatinate · Saarland · Saxony · Saxony-Anhalt · Schleswig-Holstein · Thuringia

A small town in Eastern Cape province, South Africa.

A town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States.

Worcester County
Worcester County#English

A town in Worcester County, Maryland, United States.

A town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.

A town in Worcester County, Mississippi, United States.

Rensselaer County
Rensselaer County#English

A town in Rensselaer County, New York, United States.

Washington County
Washington County#English

A town in Washington County, Vermont, United States.

Green Lake County
Green Lake County#English

A town in Green Lake County, Wisconsin, United States, mostly surrounding the city of the same name.

A town in Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States.


Cairo

Borrowed from Italian Il Cairo, from Arabic الْقَاهِرَة (al-qāhira)

Caherah (alternative)
Al-Caherah (alternative)

census-designated place
census-designated place

A town, hamlet, and census-designated place in Greene County, New York.

A town in Ritchie County, West Virginia.


Cologne

From Middle English Coloyne, from Old French Cologne, from Latin Colōnia Agrippīna (“Agrippine Colony”), a settlement named after Agrippina, the mother of Roman Emperor Nero; colōnia (“colony”) comes from colōnus (“farmer; colonist”). Doublet of Colonia, colony, and Köln, from German.

der

Collen (alternative)
Cologn (alternative)
Köln (alternative)

A city and town in Minnesota, United States.


Dublin

From Middle Irish Dublind, from dub (“black”) + lind (“pond”).

A number of places in the United States:

A town in Jackson Township, Wayne County, Indiana.

A town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire.

A small town in Bladen County, North Carolina.


Edinburgh

Edinburgh
Edinburgh (disambiguation)
Etymology of Edinburgh

From Middle English Edynburgh, from Old Welsh Eidyn, a Celtic/Brythonic region of uncertain origin (possibly a personal name; compare Proto-Celtic *dūnom (“stronghold”)) + Old English burg (“castle, stronghold”). More at Eidyn and Etymology of Edinburgh.

Bartholomew County
Bartholomew County#English

A town in Bartholomew County, Johnson County and Shelby County, Indiana, United States.

A town in Mpumalanga province, South Africa.


Florence

Florence (disambiguation)
Florence Nightingale

Borrowed from French Florence, from Latin Flōrentia (as a given name, a feminine form of Flōrentius), from flōrens (“flowering, flourishing”), from flōs (“flower”), connected with English bloom and blossom. Doublet of Firenze.
The female given name gained popularity from Florence Nightingale who was born in the Tuscan city.

A town, the county seat of Pinal County, Arizona.

Codington County
Codington County#English

A town in Codington County, South Dakota.

A town in Florence County, Wisconsin, surrounding the census-designated place of the same name.


Florida

New York City, Philadelphia, traditional Eastern New England (except for Boston), Ireland

From Spanish florida (“flowery”), often referring to a place's abundance of flowers. The state's name specifically is a shortening of la Florida (“the flowery one”) or Pascua Florida (“flowery Easter”). It is the oldest surviving European-given place-name in the US. The village in Orange County, New York was named in the 1760s from Latin flōrida (“flowery”).

Several places in South and Central America:

A town and commune of the Biobío region, Chile.

A town in Valle del Cauca department, Colombia.

Several places in the Caribbean:
A town and municipality of Puerto Rico.

Berkshire County
Berkshire County#English

A town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, perhaps named for Spanish Florida.

Montgomery County
Montgomery County#English

A town in Montgomery County, New York, named for the state.


Glasgow

/ˈɡlɑːz.ɡəʊ/

/ˈɡlɐːz.ɡəʉ/

/ˈɡlɐːz.ɡɐʉ/

From Proto-Brythonic *glas cu (“green hollow”), from *glas (“green”) + *cöü (“hollow”) (for this element see Irish cuas (“hollow”), Welsh cau (“hollow”)); usually romantically translated as "the dear green place." Compare modern Scottish Gaelic Glaschu.

Rockbridge County
Rockbridge County#English

A small town in Kanawha County, West Virginia.


Guernsey

From Anglo-Norman, from Old Norse, compound of Grani (“Grani's”) and ey (“island”). Folk etymology points to a dialectal root for green.


Jerusalem

en-proper noun

Jerusalem (countable and uncountable, plural Jerusalems)

/d͡ʒəˈɹuːsələm/

/d͡ʒəˈɹuːzələm/

From Old English Hierusalem or Old French Jherusalem or Late Latin Ierusalem, Hierusalem, from Latin Hierosolyma, from Ancient Greek Ἰερουσαλήμ (Ierousalḗm), from Biblical Hebrew יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Yərūšālayim).

der

יְרוּשָׁלַיִם

A number of places elsewhere, usually named after the city in the Holy Land:


La Paz

A town in North Township, Marshall County, Indiana, United States, named after the Bolivian city.


Maine

Gallia Celtica
Maine (disambiguation)
Maine (province)
Maine (state)

The US state is from French Maine, named by its French explorers after the province in France with the same name; unrelated to the name of the river that flows through it. From Old French Cemaine, from Latin *Cenomania, from the name of the Gaulish Cenomani tribe of Gallia Celtica. The word was rebracketed as ce (“this”) + Maine, and the ce- was lost by the 12th century.

Outagamie County
Outagamie County#English

A town in Outagamie County, Wisconsin; named for the state.


Manila

From Spanish Manila, from Tagalog Maynila, from may (“there is”) + nila (“indigo”), Tagalog nila from Sanskrit नील (nīla).

Maynila (alternative)
May-nilad (alternative)
Manilla (alternative)

A small town, the county seat of Daggett County, Utah, United States.


Milan

Inherited from Middle English Milane, Melan, etc., from Old English Mæġelan, Megelan, Mediolanaburg, etc. under influence from early forms of French Milan, from Medieval Latin Mediolāna etc., from Latin Mediolānum, q.v. As American settlements, typically after the Italian city. Doublet of Milano.

A number of places in the United States:

A town in Franklin township and Washington township, Ripley County, Indiana.


Normandy

From Middle English Normandie, Normandye, from Old English Normandiġ, from Old French Normendie, from normant + -ie. Compare Old Norse Norðmanndi (“Normandy”). Normant refers to the Germanic words for 'north' and 'man', as the original Normans were of Scandinavian origin. More at Norman.

A number of other places:
In the United States:
A town in Bedford County, Tennessee.


Oxford

From Middle English Oxenford, Oxneford, from Old English Oxnaford (“Oxford”, literally “oxen's ford”), equivalent to ox + ford. Compare Old Norse Öxnafurða.

inh

A town in Connecticut; named for the city in England.

A town in Maine; named for the city in England.

A town and village in New York; named for the town in Massachusetts.

Granville County
Granville County#English

A town, the county seat of Granville County, North Carolina.

(historical)


Philadelphia

[fɪɫəˈdɜɫfi.ə]

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Philadelphia.wav

Attalus II Philadelphus
Kingdom of Pergamon
Philadelphia (disambiguation)
Ptolemaid Egypt
Ptolemy II Philadelphus
William Penn

From Latin Philadelphia, from Ancient Greek Φιλαδέλφεια (Philadélpheia), from φιλάδελφος (philádelphos, “brother/sibling-loving”) + -εια (-eia, “-ia: forming placenames”), from the combining form of φῐλέειν (phĭléein, “to love”) + ἀδελφός (adelphós, “brother, sibling”). In reference to the city in Turkey, named for the loyal Attalus II Philadelphus of Pergamon. In reference to the city in Jordan, named for the incestuous Ptolemy II Philadelphus of Egypt. In reference to the American city, named for the ancient towns as well as the Quaker William Penn's aim of fostering religious tolerance. Doublet of Filadelfia.

der

Jefferson County
Jefferson County#English

A locale in the United States; named for the city in Pennsylvania.

A town and village in Jefferson County, New York.


Piedmont

Derived from Italian Piemonte (“mountain foot”), from Medieval Latin Pedemontium, Pedemontis, from Latin ad pedem montium.

der+

A small town in Mineral County, West Virginia, United States.


Rome

→ Hindi: रोम (rom)

→ Thai: โรม (room)

From Middle English Rome, from Old English Rōm, from Proto-West Germanic *Rūmu, from Proto-Germanic *Rūmō and influenced by Late Latin Rōma (“Rome, Constantinople”), from Classical Latin Rōma (“Rome”). In Roman mythology, the name was said to derive from Romulus, one of the founders of the city and its first king.
The name appears in a wide range of forms in Middle English, including Rom, Room, Roome, and Rombe as well as Rome; by early modern English, it appeared as Rome, Room, and Roome, with the spelling Rome occurring in Shakespeare and common from the early 18th century on. The final spelling was influenced by Norman, Middle French, Anglo-Norman, and Old French Rome. Doublet of Roma and Rum.

der

Rom (alternative)
Roome (alternative)
Room (alternative)
Rhoome (alternative)
Romme (alternative)
Rowme (alternative)
Roym (alternative)
Rum (alternative)
Roma (alternative)

do not sit in Rome and strive with the Pope

A town and unincorporated community in Adams County, Wisconsin.


Saint-Pierre

/ˌsæ̃ piˈɛə(ɹ)/

A town and commune of the overseas department of Martinique, France.

A town and commune of the overseas department of Réunion, France.


Sardinia

Nora, Italy
Sea People
Sherden
en:Sardinia

Borrowing from Latin Sardinia and Ancient Greek Σαρδώ (Sardṓ), which in turn derive from a pre-Roman substrate language, *sard, *shard. It is connected by some scholars to the name of the Sherden or Shardana, an ethnic group amongst the Sea Peoples. A Phoenician inscription found in Nora and dated to the 9th century B.C.E. identifies the island as Shardan.


Syracuse

en-proper noun

Syracuse (countable and uncountable, plural Syracuses)

From French Syracuse, from Latin Syrācūsae, from Ancient Greek Συρᾱ́κουσαι (Surā́kousai) attested from 8th century BC, from a Pre-Greek name, possibly Phoenician 𐤔𐤄𐤓𐤀𐤇 (šhrʾḥ, “to feel ill”) in reference to the ancient port's proximity to a swamp. As a surname, an anglicized form of Italian Siracusa. Compare Sicilian Saragusa.


Port Elizabeth

In South Africa, named by Sir Rufane Shaw Donkin after his late wife, Elizabeth.

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

A town on Bequia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.


Hamburg

Any of various communities in the United States; named for the German city:

A small town and unincorporated community in Marathon County, Wisconsin.

A small town in Vernon County, Wisconsin.

A town in Eastern Cape, South Africa; named for the German city.


Hanover

From German Hannover, meaning "on the higher ridge", from Middle Low German hoch (“high”) (from Old Saxon hōh) + over (“edge, shore”).

A number of places in the United States:

A township and town therein, in Jefferson County, Indiana.

A town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Grafton County, New Hampshire.

Chautauqua County
Chautauqua County#English

A small town in Northern Cape province, South Africa.


Frankfurt

Francfort (alternative)
Frankfort (alternative)

Frankfurt an der Oder
Frankfurt an der Oder

Frankfurt an der Oder, a sizable town in Brandenburg, in eastern Germany.


Trinidad

Borrowed from Spanish trinidad (“trinity”), named after the Holy Trinity by Columbus to fulfill a religious vow.

bor+

A town and municipality in Casanare department, Colombia.

A town in Sancti Spíritus province, Cuba.


Valencia

From Spanish Valencia, from Latin Valentia, from valentia (“power, vigor”). Doublet of Valence.

A town and municipality of Córdoba department, in northern Colombia.

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago#English

A town in northeastern Trinidad island, Trinidad and Tobago.


Verona

From the Italian Verona and the Latin Vērōna.

Verona

province in the Veneto region of northern Italy


Virginia

en-proper noun

Virginia (countable and uncountable, plural Virginias)

→ Creek: wvcenv

50 Virginia
Elizabeth I
Virginia
Virginia (disambiguation)

From Latin Virginia, feminine form of Virginius or Verginius, a Roman family name, possibly identical with Vergilius. The state/colony was named for Elizabeth I as the Virgin Queen, equivalent to virgin + -ia.

Any of several places, in the United States and elsewhere:

A town, a suburb of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.


Vienna

From Italian and Medieval Latin Vienna, from German Wien, Middle High German Wienne, and Old High German Wienna, probably from Proto-Celtic *widus (“wood”) or *weidus (“wild”) via unattested Vulgar Latin *Vedunia. Doublet of Wien.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Virginia.

A locale in the United States.
A town in New York.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Wisconsin.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Maine.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Louisiana.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Maryland.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Ohio.

A locale in the United States.
A town in South Dakota.


Warsaw

Warsaw (countable and uncountable, plural Warsaws)

A town, the county seat of Richmond County, Virginia, United States.


Wellington

Wellington (countable and uncountable, plural Wellingtons)

Wellingtons (plural)
wellington (alternative)

From earlier Weolingtun, from:
# For the place in Shropshire, England: Partly uncertain. The second element from Old English tūn (“estate”), while the first element could come either from *wœling (“ridge, bank”), or else from *wēoling (“device, artefact”).
# For the place in Somerset, England: Partly obscure. The last element from Old English tūn (“estate”), while the first element could come from either the personal name *Wēola + ing, or else *wēoling (“trap”).
# Many places with this name are named after Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, British soldier and statesman.

Telford and Wrekin
Telford and Wrekin#English

A market town and civil parish with a town council in Telford and Wrekin borough, Shropshire (OS grid ref SJ6511).

Somerset West and Taunton
Somerset West and Taunton#English

A market town and civil parish with a town council in Somerset, previously in Somerset West and Taunton district (OS grid ref ST1320).

Any of several places in a select number of countries, including:

A town in The Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu, India.

A town in the Western Cape, South Africa.

A town in Sumner County, New South Wales.

A number of places in the United States:

A statutory town in Larimer County, Colorado.

A small town in Monroe County, Wisconsin.


Ancona

From Italian Ancona, from Latin Ancōna, from ancōn (“curve, elbow”).

A small town in the Shire of Mansfield, Victoria, Australia, named after Ancona, Italy.


Ascoli Piceno

A town and associated province of Marche, Italy.


Como

A town in Hertford County, North Carolina.


Cosenza

Cosenza (countable and uncountable, plural Cosenzas)


Enna

[…] she that was rapt by the Dark God from the flowering fields of Enna, to be Queen for ever among the dead that be departed.

1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros, London: Jonathan Cape, page 4:


Gorizia

Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friuli-Venezia Giulia#English

A town and associated province of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy


Imperia

A town and associated province on the coast of Liguria, Italy


Latina

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Latina.wav

A town, the provincial capital of Latina, Lazio, Italy.


Lodi

A town, the capital of Lodi province, Lombardy.

洛迪

a town and capital of the province of Lodi

A city and town in Columbia County, Wisconsin.


Nuoro

Borrowed from Italian Nuoro, related to Nuragic.


Rovigo

A commune and town, the capital of the province of Rovigo, Veneto, Italy.


Treviso

A town, the capital of Treviso province, Italy.


Viterbo

A town, the provincial capital of Viterbo, Lazio, Italy.


Ostia

* (Roman Empire): Latin Ostia
* (Italy): Italian Ostia, from Latin Ostia

(historical) A port and town on the Tiber in Italia, Roman Empire, the harbour of ancient Rome


Coventry

Inherited from Middle English Coventre, from Old English Cofentrēo, Cofantrēo, of obscure origin. Believed to be derived from an Anglo-Saxon named Cofa, hence Cofantrēo (literally “Cofa's tree”).

unc

obscure

A place in the United States:
A town in Tolland County, Connecticut.

A place in the United States:
A town in Chenango County, New York.

A place in the United States:
A town in Kent County, Rhode Island.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Orleans County, Vermont.


Aytos

Borrowed from Bulgarian Айтос (Ajtos), from Ancient Greek ᾱ̓ετός (āetós, “eagle”).


Dimitrovgrad

A town and municipality in Pirot district, south-easterm Serbia, near the border with Bulgaria.


Kŭrdzhali

Kardjali (alternative)
Kurdjali (alternative)
Kardzhali (alternative)
Kurdzhali (alternative)
Karžhali (alternative)
Kuržhali (alternative)

From Bulgarian Кърджали (Kǎrdžali), from Ottoman Turkish قیرجهعلی (Kırcaali).


Malko Tŭrnovo

From Bulgarian Малко Търново (Malko Tǎrnovo), ultimately derived from Old Church Slavonic малъ (malŭ, “small”) and трънъ (trŭnŭ, “thorn”), thus "lesser thorn", opposed to Veliko Tŭrnovo.

bor

Малко Търново


Montana

en-prop

Montana (countable and uncountable, plural Montanas)

From Latin montāna
* the US state via Spanish montaña (“mountain”)
* the surname from Spanish Montaña topographic surname

A town and province in northwestern Bulgaria.

A place in the United States, named after Montana Territory:


Pazardzhik

Pazardžik (alternative)
Pazardjik (alternative)


Shumen

A town and oblast in northeastern Bulgaria


Vratsa

Vraca (alternative)
Vratza (alternative)


Bromley

en-proper noun

Bromley (countable and uncountable, plural Bromleys)

From Old English brōm (“broom”) + lēah (“wood”). Equivalent to broom + -ley and doublet of Brimley.; compare Broom.

Bromley (disambiguation)
London Borough of Bromley

A town in the borough of Bromley, in south-eastern Greater London (OS grid ref TQ4069).


George Town

Both capitals were named after King George III of the United Kingdom.

A town and local government area (George Town Council) in northern Tasmania, Australia.


Alexander

/ˌælɪɡˈzændɚ/

[ˌælɪɡˈzeəndɚ]

[ˌælɪɡˈzeəndə]

/ˌalɪɡˈzɑːndə/

Borrowed from Latin Alexander, from Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros), from ἀλέξω (aléxō, “I defend”) + ἀνδρ- (andr-), the stem of ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”). Doublet of Alastair and Alejandro.

Washington County
Washington County#English

A town in Washington County, Maine; named for British politician and financier Alexander Baring, 1st Baron Ashburton.

A town and village therein, in Genesee County, New York; named for early settler Alexander Rea.


Saint Helier

St Helier (alternative)
St. Helier (alternative)

A town, the capital of Jersey, Channel Islands, United Kingdom.


Saint Peter Port

From Peter + port, referring to Saint Peter the Apostle.

A town, the capital of Guernsey, Channel Islands, United Kingdom.


Bremen

A number of places in the United States:

A town in German Township, Marshall County, Indiana.

A town and village therein, in Lincoln County, Maine.


Holland

From Old Dutch holt lant (“wood land”). A popular but false etymology holds that it is derived from hol land (“hollow land”), inspired by the low-lying geography of both the Dutch and the English region (Holland, Lincolnshire).

A town in Cass Township, Dubois County, Indiana.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A town and census-designated place therein, in Hampden County, Massachusetts.

La Crosse County
La Crosse County#English

Sheboygan County
Sheboygan County#English


Alexandria

From Middle English Alexandria, from Old English Alexandria, from Latin Alexandrīa, from Ancient Greek Ἀλεξάνδρεια (Alexándreia), from Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros, “Alexander”) + -εια (-eia, “-ia: forming place names”), initially chiefly places founded by Alexander the Great of Macedonia and subsequently usually with reference to Alexandria in Egypt, a major Hellenistic cultural center, center of early Christianity, and continuing major international port. Compare Antioch, Seleucia, and Ptolemais. Doublet of Kandahar, Iskenderun, Scandaroon, and Alexandretta.

亞歷山卓 /亚历山卓

any of a number of cities bearing the same name

A town in Grafton County, New Hampshire.

United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry#English

A former town in the United Counties of Stormont, Dundas and Glengarry, Ontario, Canada; now a part of the township of North Glengarry.

A town in Sarah Baartman District Municipality, Eastern Cape, South Africa.

A town in Ehlanzeni District Municipality, Mpumalanga, South Africa.

West Dunbartonshire
West Dunbartonshire#English

A town in West Dunbartonshire council area, Scotland (OS grid ref NS3980).


Corinth

From Latin Corinthus, from Ancient Greek Κόρινθος (Kórinthos). Doublet of currant.

Penobscot County
Penobscot County#English

A town and village therein, in Saratoga County, New York.


Vaduz

Via Rhaeto-Romance auadutg from latin aquaeductus.

A town and municipality, the capital of Liechtenstein.


Boden

* As a north/Low German surname, derived from the personal name Bode, from the noun meaning "messenger" (Old Saxon bodo).
* As a German surname, from the noun Boden (“bottom”). Compare Bottom.
* As a Swedish surname, from the noun bod (“small hut”). Compare Bodin.
* As an Irish surname, from Ó Buadáin (“descendant of Buadán”), see Bowden.
* As an English surname, variant of Bawden.

A town and municipality of Norrbotten County, in northern Sweden


Cherokee

/ˌt͡ʃɛ.ɹəˈkiː/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Cherokee.wav

Most likely from the Cherokee autonym ᏣᎳᎩ (tsalagi). Derivation from a Choctaw exonym meaning "those who live in caves" (compare chiluk (“cave”)) has also been suggested — the Iroquois term for the Cherokee was Oyata'ge'ronon (“inhabitants of the cave country”) — as has derivation from a Creek term for "person(s) who speak(s) a non-Creek language" (see celokketv (“to speak a non-creek language”)).
Whatever its origin, the ethnonym entered European languages at an early date, perhaps as early as the 1670s; in Spanish, the people are called the Tchalaquei as early as 1755.


Tar Heel

North Carolina was associated with tar (of which it was a major producer) from the 1700s onwards, and residents were (at first derisively) called "Tarboilers" since at least the 1840s; "Tar Heel" is first attested in 1863 in comments by Confederate soldiers which suggest it was already in common use at that time. One popular theory suggests it refers to North Carolinians having tar on their heels to make them "stick", referring either to their reluctance to join the Confederacy, or to their holding ground during battles when other states' troops retreated.

Tar heel (alternative)
Tarheel (alternative)
tarheel (alternative)

A small town in Bladen County, North Carolina.


Cambridge

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-Cambridge.wav

From Middle English Cantebrigge, Grentebrige, from Old English Grante bryċġ, Granta-briċġ, Grantanbryċġ (“Granta-bridge”). Granta is probably of Celtic origin, identified as Brythonic settlement, Cair Grauth. Doublet of Cam.
By Middle English when the name of the settlement had changed to "Cantebrigge" and eventually "Cambridge", the lower stretches of the River Granta were renamed Cam by back-formation from Cambridge.

A town and village in Lamoille County, Vermont, United States.


Douglas

en-proper noun

Douglas (countable and uncountable, plural Douglases)

Douglases (plural)
Douglass (alternative)

desc

→ Translingual: douglasi, douglasii (learned)

From a place name, Scottish Gaelic dubh (“black”) + glais (“stream”).

A place name or the name of a geographical feature, often given after a person, notably held by:

Worcester County
Worcester County#English

A town in Worcester County, Massachusetts.

A number of places in the United States:

A tiny town in Garfield County, Oklahoma.

Marquette County
Marquette County#English

A small town in Marquette County, Wisconsin.


Aldershot

/ˈɔːldə(ɹ)ˌʃɒt/

/ˈɒldə(ɹ)ˌʃɒt/

From Old English alor (“alder”) + sceat (“corner”).

A town in Rushmoor borough, Hampshire, England (OS grid ref SU8650).


Alton

From Old English ǣwell (“river source”) + tūn (“settlement, town”).

A town and civil parish with a town council in East Hampshire district, Hampshire (OS grid ref SU7139).

A small town in Boone Township, Crawford County, Indiana.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Belknap County, New Hampshire.

A town in the Shire of Balonne, southern Queensland, Australia.


Strasburg

Shenandoah County
Shenandoah County#English


America

Americas (plural)
Merica (alternative)
'Murica (alternative)
'murica (alternative)
Americas (alternative)

→ Burmese: အမေရိက (a.meri.ka.)

→ Chinese: 亞美利加 /亚美利加

→ Chinese: 亞美利加 /亚美利加

→ Japanese: アメリカ

→ Malay: Amerika

→ Maori: Amerika

→ Tagalog: Amerika

→ Tokelauan: Amelika

/əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kə/

/əˈmɛɹ.ə.kə/

/əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kɔː/

Amerigo Vespucci
Martin Waldseemüller
Naming of the Americas
Richard Amerike

Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *amalą
Proto-Indo-European *h₃reǵ-
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs
Proto-Celtic *rīxsbor.
Proto-Germanic *rīks
Proto-Germanic *Amalarīksder.
Proto-Indo-European *ḱey-
Proto-Indo-European *-mos
Proto-Indo-European *ḱóymos
Proto-Indo-European *tḱóymos
Proto-Germanic *haimaz
Proto-Germanic *rīks
Proto-Germanic *Haimarīksder.?
Italian Amerigoder.
New Latin Americalbor.
English America
Learned borrowing from New Latin America, feminine Latinized form of the Italian first name of Amerigo Vespucci (1454–1512). Amerigo is an Italian name derived from a Germanic language and is etymologically related to Henry and Emmerich. The earliest known use of America for the (South) American continent is on a 1507 map by Martin Waldseemüller; see Naming of the Americas for more.
Although this is the most widely accepted derivation, it has also been suggested that it could originate from the name of the Amerrisque mountains in Nicaragua (from Mayan), and another disputed theory is that it derives from the surname of Richard Amerike (1440–1503), whose surname is an anglicised form of Welsh ap Meurig (“son of Meurig”), from Old Welsh Mouric, which could be a rendition of Latin Mauritius (compare Maurice).


Andover

From Middle English Andever, Andeafara, from Old English Andefera (“Andover”); possibly from Old English Ande + ēa + fara (literally “farer over the river Ande”) or from Old English Ande + ōfer (literally “[town situated on the] bank of the river Ande”).

Population 5,430 (more like 40,000 today), Andover is "a bustling agricultural town" with "many malt houses, and a factory for silk shag".

2023 June 28, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: Alton to Exeter”, in RAIL, number 986, page 59:

A town and civil parish with a town council in Test Valley district, Hampshire, England (OS grid ref SU3645).

A rural town in Tolland County, Connecticut.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Essex County, Massachusetts.

Merrimack County
Merrimack County#English

A town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire.

A small town in Day County, South Dakota.


Anerley

A town in KwaZulu-Natal province, South Africa.


Queen Anne

After Queen Anne of Great Britain (reigned 1702–1714).

A small town in Maryland, United States.


Apache

From American Spanish apache, most likely from Zuni ˀa˙paču (“Navajos”), or possibly from the Yavapai word ʔpačə, meaning "people". The web server software was named to honor the Apache people, although much has been made of the fact that its design was "patchy" (constructed by assembling software patches). See Apache HTTP Server § Name.
The Parisian gangsters were named after the American tribe because of their aggressive reputation.

Apache, a town in Oklahoma, United States.


Rauma

A town and municipality of Satakunta, Finland.


Danube

Hindi: डेन्यूब (ḍenyūb)

Korean: 다뉴브 (danyubeu)

Marathi: डॅन्यूब (ḍĕnyūb)

Thai: ดานูบ (daa-núup)

Urdu: ڈینیوب (ḍēn'yūb)

Vietnamese: Đa Nuýp

Attested since at least 1598 (also note Middle English Danby (“Danube”) att. in 15th c. Mandeville's Travels).
Borrowed from Middle French Danube, from Old French Danube, from Latin Dānubius, from Proto-Celtic *Dānowyos (compare Welsh river name Donwy), an extended form of the river-name *Dānu, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂nu (“river, river goddess”), akin to *dʰenh₂- (“to set in motion; to flow”).
Cognate with Latin fōns (“spring”), Persian دنیدن (danidan, “to hasten, run”), Ossetian дон (don, “water, river”), Sanskrit धन्वति (dhánvati, “it flows, runs”). More at Danube.

cog

A locale in the United States, named for the river.


Joseph

en-proper noun

Joseph (countable and uncountable, plural Josephs)

→ Maori: Hohepa

From Middle English Ioseph, ultimately from Biblical Hebrew יוֹסֵף (Yoséf, literally “(God) shall add”); a son of Jacob.

der

A town in Sevier County, Utah; named for Mormon apostle Joseph Angell Young.


Geneva

Mentioned in Latin texts as Genava. Probably via a Proto-Celtic *genwā from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénw-eh₂ (“knee”), a derivative of *ǵónu in the sense of a bending river or estuary, possibly akin to Genoa.

/d͡ʒəˈniːvə/

A number of places in the United States, including:

A city and town in Ontario County, New York, an area of water in the city is in Seneca County.

A town in Walworth County, Wisconsin; see also Lake Geneva, Wisconsin, a city nearby.


Glarus

A town, the capital of Glarus canton, Switzerland.


Schwyz

A town, the capital of Schwyz canton, Switzerland.


Devon

→ Russian: Де́вон (Dévon)

From Old English Defenas, which meant both "Devonians" and "Devon," exemplifying the common Anglo-Saxon practice of naming a place after the people who inhabit it.

A place in Canada:
A town in Leduc County, Alberta.


Hilo

From Hawaiian Hilo, of uncertain etymology but possibly related to hilo (“to twist”).

The largest town on the island of Hawaii, in Hawaii County, Hawaii, located at the eastern corner of the island.


Frankenstein

en-proper noun

Frankenstein (countable and uncountable, plural Frankensteins)

From German Frankenstein, various places named for Franken (“Franks, Frankish”) + Stein (“stone”). The use of referencing mad scientists derives from Mary Shelley's 1818 novel Frankenstein, or, The Modern Prometheus, where Victor Frankenstein assembles a man from pieces of various corpses and brings him to life with electricity. Use of the reference to the monster itself is an ellipsis of the earlier Frankenstein's monster, with the monster's usual modern appearance derived from Boris Karloff's performance in the 1931 film Frankenstein.

In the same year, a kiln of the same size was built in Frankenstein in the Silesian region, but the purpose of this kiln was to treat low-grade nickel ore, and it had a capacity for treating 80,000 tons a year.

1998, Akira Kudō, chapter 5, in J.A.A. Stockwin, editor, Japanese-German Business Relations: Co-operation and Rivalry in the Interwar Period, London: Routledge, published 2001, →ISBN, page 90:

Ząbkowice Śląskie
Ząbkowice Śląskie#English

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship#English

(historical) A former name of Ząbkowice Śląskie, a town in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship, Poland.


Abbeville

From French Abbeville, from Old French Abevile.

A town and commune of Somme department, Hauts-de-France, France.

Lafayette County
Lafayette County#English

A town in Lafayette County, Mississippi, United States.


Abington

Abington (countable and uncountable, plural Abingtons)

From the Old English personal name Abba + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).

(uncountable) A number of places in the United States:

A town in Plymouth County, southeastern Massachusetts, south of Boston.


Nottingham

Inherited from Old English Snotingahām. The Normans found the consonant cluster /sn/ difficult to pronounce, so the initial S was dropped.

Prince George's County
Prince George's County#English

A small town in Prince George's County, Maryland.

Rockingham County
Rockingham County#English

A town in Rockingham County, New Hampshire.


Odessa

Borrowed from Russian Оде́сса (Odéssa), named after an Ancient Greek settlement thought to have been located nearby. Ancient Greek Ὀδησσός (Odēssós). Compare Ukrainian Оде́са (Odésa). The city was on the former Turkish territory of Yedisan, which may have influenced the choice of name. Yedisan means "seven titles" i.e. tribes, from yedi + san.

Odessa Oblast
Odessa Raion
en:Odessa
en:Odessa (disambiguation)

New Castle County
New Castle County#English

A small town in New Castle County, Delaware, United States.

A small town in Lincoln County, Washington, United States.


Texas

Borrowed from Spanish Texas (also Tejas), from Hasinai Caddo táyshaʔ (“friend, ally”), used to refer to the Caddo nation.

Several places in the United States:
A town in Marathon County, Wisconsin.

A rural town in southeastern Queensland, Australia.


Babylon

Partially inherited from Old English Babilōn/Babȳlōn, partially from Latin Babylōn, from Ancient Greek Βαβυλών (Babulṓn), from Akkadian 𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (Bābilim, literally “Gate of God”); the name of the ancient Chaldean capital and Biblical city of the Apocalypse. Doublet of Babel.

der

A town and village therein, in Suffolk County, Long Island, New York, United States.


Hannah

en-proper noun

Hannah (countable and uncountable, plural Hannahs)

From previous romanizations of Hebrew חַנָּה (Ḥannâ), chiefly for the mother of Samuel, from חַנָּה (ḥannâ, “grace, gracious, graced with child”). As a Wren with the Royal Marines, after Hannah Snell (1723–1792) who disguised herself as a man to serve in the British military. Doublet of Ann, Anne, Anna, and Ana.

Grand Traverse County
Grand Traverse County#English

A place name in the United States, which could be from the given name or surname:

A small town in Mayfield Township, Grand Traverse County, Michigan.


Axminster

From Old English Acsan mynster, equivalent to the River Axe + minster.

A market town and civil parish with a town council in East Devon district, Devon, England (OS grid ref SY2998).


Ryan

en-prop

Ryan (countable and uncountable, plural Ryans)

Ryans (plural)
O'Ryan (alternative)
Rian (alternative)
Ryann (alternative)
Ryanne (alternative)
Ryana (alternative)

Bryan

linguistically unrelated but often confused in spoken English

Jefferson County
Jefferson County#English

A town in Jefferson County, Oklahoma; named for early settler and rancher Stephen W. Ryan.


San Sebastián

A town and municipality of San Vicente department, El Salvador.


Jones

Jones (countable and uncountable, plural Joneses or Jonesses)

瓊斯 /琼斯

transliterations of the English name "Jones"


Alexandra

en-proper noun

Alexandra (countable and uncountable, plural Alexandras)

/ˌæ.lɪɡˈzæn.dɹə/

/ˌæ.lɪɡˈzɑn.dɹə/

/ˌæ.lɪɡˈzɑːn.dɹə/

54 Alexandra
Alexandra
Alexandra, New Zealand
Queen Alexandra

From Ancient Greek Ἀλεξάνδρα (Alexándra), from ἀλέξω (aléxō, “I defend”) + ἀνδρ- (andr-, stem of ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”)). Feminine form of Alexander.
The community in Prince Edward Island is named after Queen Alexandra (1844–1925).

af

stem of <i class="Polyt mention" lang="grc">ἀνήρ</i> (anḗr, “man”)


Labrador

/ˈlæb.ɹəˌdɔː(ɹ)/

/ˈlæb.ɹəˌdɔɹ/

Eponym of Portuguese explorer João Fernandes Lavrador, from Portuguese lavrador (“landholder, farmer”), ultimately from Latin labor (“work”).

拉布拉多

mainland portion of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador

A municipality and town in Pangasinan, Philippines.


Tulbagh

A small town situated in the Witzenberg Mountain Winelands of the Bolands, Western Cape province, South Africa.


Barry

Barry, Angus
Barry, Vale of Glamorgan
Baruc

In Wales, said to be named after Saint Baruc, who was buried on Barry Island, from Welsh Barrwg, a name of uncertain origin but possibly related to Irish barr (“hill, summit”).

A coastal town and community with a town council in Vale of Glamorgan county borough, Wales (OS grid ref ST1167).

Vale of Glamorgan
Vale of Glamorgan#English


Norman

From Middle English Norman, from Old English Norman (a variant of Norþman) and Old French Normant.
It is certain that the word is derived from the base of the Germanic words for north and the Germanic base of the words for man. However, given the frequent movement of Germanic groups especially into and out of Britain in the post-classical world, it is unclear in what tongue it came to be used first. In addition, the generally accepted meaning, a person from Normandy or one of the many French-speaking invaders to Britain, was used chiefly by Anglo-Norman and Old French, though it originally referred to any Scandinavian of the time. See also Northman.

Montgomery County
Montgomery County#English

A number of places in the United States:

A town in Richmond County, North Carolina.


Dana

A town in Indiana; named for Charles Dana, a railroad official.


Hornburg

A town in Wolfenbüttel district, Lower Saxony, Germany.


Anthony

From Latin Antōnius, name of a Roman gens (with excrescent -h- suggested by an unetymological association with Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos, “flower”)). The Roman clan name is of uncertain etymology, but is not Greek or Hebrew; most likely of Etruscan origin, possibly derived from Ani, the Etruscan god of the sky. Doublet of Antoine.

A town in El Paso County, Texas, bordering onto Anthony, New Mexico.


Orion

From Middle English Orioun, from Latin Ōrīōn, from Ancient Greek Ὠρίων (Ōríōn), speculatively from Akkadian 𒌋𒊒𒀭𒈾 (Uru-anna, “heaven's light”), though without any firm evidence.

A town in Richland County, Wisconsin, United States.


Newcastle

[ˈnjʉˌkʰɑːsɫ̩]

From new + castle. Doublet of Neuchâtel.

A large market town in Staffordshire, England.

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

The former name of Toodyay, a town in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia.

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

A small coastal resort town in County Down, Northern Ireland.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A town and census-designated place therein, in Lincoln County, Maine, United States.


Weld

A town in Franklin County, Maine, United States, named after Benjamin Weld.


Santa Claus

Santa Clauses (plural)
Santa Clause (alternative)
Santaclaus (alternative)
Santa Klaus (alternative)
Santiclaus (alternative)
Santy Claus (alternative)
Santeclaus (alternative)

Borrowed from Dutch Sinterklaas (“Saint Nicholas”).

bor+

A town in Spencer County, Indiana. Original name: Santa Fe.


Murray

en-proper noun

Murray (countable and uncountable, plural Murrays)

Scottish surname derived from the place name Moray in northeastern Scotland, from Medieval Latin Moravia, Morauia, from Scottish Gaelic Moireibh, Moireabh, Moreb, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *mori (“sea”) + *trebā (“settlement”).


Oregon

Oregon, Washington, California, in casual speech

Columbia River
Oregon (disambiguation)
Oregon (toponym)

From earlier Ouragon, likely corruption of Spanish orejón (“big ears”), probably describing the banks of the Columbia River, although this remains uncertain. Multiple theories of further origins persist, usually an ultimate derivation from a Native American language:
* A clipping of French Ouariconsint, itself a corruption of Ouisconsin(k), allegedly from Algonquin meskousing (“it lies in red, Wisconsin”).
* Corruption of French ouragan (“hurricane”)
* Borrowing from Abenaki wligen (“good”), cf. Algonquin wauregan (“beautiful”)
* Borrowing from Shoshone ogoe (“river”) + paanangkwa (“west”)
* Borrowing from Chinook Jargon ulakan (“candlefish”)
See Wikipedia article on the toponym Oregon for more information.

أُورِيغُون

northwestern state of the United States of America

Several other locations in the United States:

A town and village in Dane County, Wisconsin.


Lewes

en-proper noun

Lewes (countable and uncountable, plural Leweses)

From Middle English Lewes, from late Old English Lewes, a variant of earlier Lǣwe, of uncertain origin. Traditionally derived from Old English hlǣw (“hill”), referring to the several mounts in Lewes. Alternatively, perhaps derived from Old English lǣw (“cut, incision, gash”), referring to the narrow, steep-sided 'gash' where the River Ouse cuts through the line of the South Downs.

unc

uncertain

A town and civil parish with a town council in Lewes district, East Sussex, England (OS grid ref TQ4110).


Bristol

Latin bristoliensis

From Middle English Brigstow, from Old English Bryċġstōw (literally “the place by the bridge”), from bryċġ + -stōw, with additional final /l/ due to hypercorrection from l-vocalizing accents. See bridge and stow for more.
The tiddlywinks sense is associated with players from Bristol University.

inh

Brigstow (alternative)
Bristole (alternative)
Bristou (alternative)
Bristow (alternative)
Brizzle (alternative)

A town in Washington Township, Elkhart County, Indiana.

Several places in the United States:
A town in Lincoln County, Maine.

A town and census-designated place therein. in Grafton County, New Hampshire.

Several places in the United States:
A town in Ontario County, New York.

A town in Bristol County, Rhode Island, and the traditional county seat.

Several places in the United States:
A town in Addison County, Vermont.

Several places in the United States:
A town in Dane County, Wisconsin.


Garfield

Also Garfeld, from Old English gār (“spear”) + feld (“field”).

A town in the Shire of Cardinia, Victoria, Australia, south-east of Melbourne.

A number of places in the United States:


Mecca

From Arabic مَكَّة (Makka) of uncertain etymology. In American place names, in reference to the Arabian city.

Macca (alternative)
Makka (alternative)
Makkah (alternative)
Mekka (alternative)
Makkah al-Mukarramah (alternative)

A town in Wabash Township, Parke County, Indiana.


Henrietta

en-proper noun

Henrietta (countable and uncountable, plural Henriettas)

Latinate form of French Henriette, derived from the male given name Henry.

A town and ghost town therein, in Richland County, Wisconsin.


Higgins

Higgin (alternative)
O'Higgin (alternative)
Higgans (alternative)
Higgens (alternative)
O'Higgins (alternative)

An anglicised version of Irish Ó hUiginn (“descendant of a Viking”).

der

A place name, which could be of either etymology:

A town in Lipscomb County, Texas, United States, named after G. H. Higgins, Santa Fe Railway stockholder.


Gibraltar

/d͡ʒɪˈbɹɔːltə(ɹ)/

/d͡ʒɪˈbɹɒltə(ɹ)/

Pillars of Hercules
Rock of Gibraltar
Tariq ibn Ziyad
Umayyad conquest of Hispania

From Spanish Gibraltar, from Arabic جَبَل طَارِق (jabal ṭāriq, “Mount Tariq”), named after Tariq ibn Ziyad, who led the Umayyad conquest of Hispania, starting in 711. Replaced earlier Latin Mons Calpe (“Mount Calpe”) for the land, and Columnae Herculis, from Ancient Greek Ἡράκλειαι στῆλαι (Hērákleiai stêlai, “Pillars of Hercules”), for the strait.
The barangay in Baguio, Philippines is named by a German national "Jonathan Speth" after the Rock of Gibraltar in Europe. He lived and died in the barangay.

جَبَل طَارِق

cog

Ἡράκλειαι στῆλαι

A place in the United States:
A town in Door County, Wisconsin.


Iberia

From Latin Iberia, from Ancient Greek Ἰβηρία (Ibēría), after the river Ἴβηρος (Íbēros). See Iberia on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

/aɪˈbɪə̯.ɹi.ə/

/aɪˈbɪə̯ɹ.i.ə/


Howard

en-proper noun

Howard (countable and uncountable, plural Howards)

Medieval personal name from Middle English Howard, Howarde, from Old Norse Hávarðr, from hár (“high”) + varðr (“guard”). In some cases a variant of Heward, from Old French Huard.

A town and unincorporated community therein, in Chippewa County, Wisconsin, also named after Benjamin Howard.

A rural town in Fraser Coast Region, Queensland, Australia.


Lakota

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Lakota.wav

From Lakota Lakȟóta (“alliance of friends”).

Lakhota (alternative)
Lak'ota (alternative)


Tyrone

en-prop

Tyrone (countable and uncountable, plural Tyrones)

From Irish Tír Eoghain (literally “land of Eoghan”).

der

A locale in the United States; Any of a number of places in the U.S.A.:


Cecil

From Latin Caecilius, a Roman family name derived from caecus (“blind”). The surname has absorbed the Old Welsh Seisyllt, from Latin Sextilius, from Sextus.


Aberdeen

Aberdeen
Aberdeen (disambiguation)
Old Aberdeen

The first element is either Scottish Gaelic aber (“river mouth”) or Pictish aber (“confluence”), both from Proto-Celtic *abū (“river”). The second element is Don (“river in Scotland”) (the site of Old Aberdeen). Written Aberdon circa 1187 and Aberden circa 1214.
The area and town in Hong Kong is named after George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen.

named-after

A town in Eastern Cape province, South Africa.

In Aberdeen, a fishing village of 12,000 fishermen who live on more than 3,000 sampans, we were transported on a rickety sampan through the mazelike sea community; on these modest wooden boats, large families, dogs, the day's catch of drying fish and television antennas all co-exist.

1985 October 27, Marcia Seligson, “HONG KONG, MADE TO ORDER”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-24, Section 10, page 15:

Police Launch No. 32 sliced through the murky gray-green waters of Aberdeen, navigating the narrow path between fishing junks, sampan taxis and the gaudy Jumbo floating seafood restaurant.

1997 May 4, Keith B. Richburg, “China to Buttress Hong Kong Police -- but to What End?”, in The Washington Post, sourced from Washington Post Foreign Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 1997-08-09, page A20:

An area and town in Southern district, Hong Kong region.


Inverness

Inverness
Inverness (disambiguation)
River Ness

From Inver- + Ness, from the River Ness.

Sunflower County
Sunflower County#English

A town in Sunflower County, Mississippi.


Ethan

From Biblical Hebrew אֵיתָן (ʾêṯān, literally “firmness, strong, or long-lived”).


Tara

Borrowed from Irish Teamhrach, genitive of Teamhair, from Old Irish Temair (literally “high place”). The female given name is derived from the name of the plantation in Gone with the Wind, named for the place in Ireland.

der

Some other places named Tara, all likely after the Irish hill:

A town in the Western Downs Region, Queensland, Australia.


Elizabeth

en-proper noun

Elizabeth (countable and uncountable, plural Elizabeths)

Elizabeths (plural)
Elisabeth (alternative)

From Middle English Elizabeth, from the Ancient Greek Ἐλισάβετ (Elisábet), a transliteration of the Old Testament Biblical Hebrew אלישבע (Elisheva, “my God is an oath”). See El and שבועה. Doublet of Elisheba.

der

A town in Colorado; named for a family member of John Evans, 2nd Governor of the Territory of Colorado.

A town in Indiana; named for Elizabeth Lemmon Zenor, daughter-in-law of early landowner Jacob Zenor.

A town, the county seat of Wirt County, West Virginia; named for early settler Elizabeth Woodyard Beauchamp.


Duncan

en-prop

Duncan (countable and uncountable, plural Duncans)

* As a Scottish Gaelic and Irish surname, from Donnchadh, a name composed of donn (“brown”) + cath (“battle”). Also spelled as Donagh and Donaghue, Donahue.
* Also as an Irish surname, Anglicized from ó Duinnchinn, from donn (“brown”) + ceann (“head”).

A town in South Carolina; named for landowner Leroy Duncan.

A town in Arizona; named for copper businessman Duncan Smith.

A locale in the United States.
A town in Mississippi.


Oliver

en-proper noun

Oliver (countable and uncountable, plural Olivers)

From Middle English Oliver, from Old French Olivier, by folk etymology derived from the Latin name Olīvārius, but probably representing an Old High German form of Old Norse Óleifr (“ancestral + relic”) (modern Danish Olaf and Swedish Olof), or Proto-Germanic *ala- (“all”) + *wēraz (“true”) (modern Swedish allvar). Name of a paladin of Charlemagne in medieval French romance.

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

A placename
A number of places in Canada:
A town in British Columbia.


Whitby

Whitby (countable and uncountable, plural Whitbys)

Whitbys (plural)
Whidbee (alternative)
Whidby (alternative)

From Old Norse hvítr býr (“white town”). Equivalent to white + -by.

A town, seaport, and civil parish with a town council in North Yorkshire, England, previously in Scarborough district (OS grid ref NZ8911).

A town in the Durham Region of Ontario, Canada.


Saku

A town and city in Nagano prefecture, Japan.


Wilson

Wilson (countable and uncountable, plural Wilsons)

From Will (short form of William) + -son.

affix

short form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">William</i>

A number of places in the United States:

A town and village therein, in Niagara County, New York.

Eau Claire County
Eau Claire County#English

A town and unincorporated community therein, in Eau Claire County, Wisconsin.

Sheboygan County
Sheboygan County#English


Hollywood

en-proper noun

Hollywood (countable and uncountable, plural Hollywoods)

The name of the neighbourhood in Los Angeles (sense 1) was coined by real estate developer H. J. Whitley, from holly + wood. By metonymy, it became the name of the industry, and eventually also a name for decadence.

coin

Other places in the United States:
A town in Jackson County, Alabama.

Charleston County
Charleston County#English

A town in Charleston County, South Carolina.


Errol

Transferred from a rare Scottish surname derived from a place name, of unknown meaning. Later interpreted as a variant of Earl in the U.S.

A town in Coos County, New Hampshire, United States.


Alabama

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Alabama.wav

From Alabama Albaamaha, the name of a people native to the area.

A town in New York; named for the state.


Delaware

The river in the northeastern United States was named for Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr (1577–1618). The people and the state were named for the river.

Several places in the United States, named for the people or the state.


Iowa

From French Aiouez/Ayoés, an early transliteration of the name for the Iowa tribe, from Dakota ayúxba (“sleepy ones”).

Calcasieu Parish
Calcasieu Parish#English


Maryland

/ˈmɛəɹɪlənd/

/ˈmɛəɹɪlænd/

/ˈmɛəɹɪlənd/

From Mary + -land. Named after Henrietta Maria of France, the wife of Charles I of England.


Ohio

From Seneca Ohi:yoʼ, a proper name derived from ohi:yo:h (“good river”). The name of the Allegheny river, which the Lenape and Iroquois considered to be part of the same single river as the Ohio, means the same thing in Unami.

A locale in the United States; named for the state:


Vermont

Borrowed from French verts monts (literally “green mountains”), after the Green Mountains; for more, see Wikipedia at Vermont § Toponymy.

bor+

A small town and unincorporated community in Dane County, Wisconsin.


Washington

en-proper noun

Washington (countable and uncountable, plural Washingtons)

Washington (the town in Tyne and Wear, northeast England): probably from the Old English place name Hwæssingatūn (literally “a settlement of the household of Hwæssa”), from Hwæssa (a Saxon chieftain's name) + -ing (“belonging to”) + tūn (“homestead, settlement”). It was attested in 1096 as Wasindone. Hwæssa is of uncertain origin, said to possibly correspond to waþ (“hunt”) + sige (“victory”), or possibly related to hwæte (“wheat”). There are other theories; more on Wikipedia.
The surname derives from the town, and most places in the United States are named for George Washington.

DC

The federal district and city are coterminous and the city government administers the district, so are jurisdictionally equivalent

A town in the Metropolitan Borough of Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, England.

Litchfield County
Litchfield County#English

Several other locations in the United States, most of which are named for George Washington:

A town in Litchfield County, Connecticut.

Berkshire County
Berkshire County#English

A small town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts.

A town in Sullivan County, New Hampshire.

A small town in McClain County, Oklahoma, named for Caddo chief "Little Boy" Washington.

Rappahannock County
Rappahannock County#English

A small town, the county seat of Rappahannock County, Virginia.

La Crosse County
La Crosse County#English

A small town in La Crosse County, Wisconsin.

A small town in Green County, Wisconsin.


Wyoming

The state is named after the Wyoming Valley in Pennsylvania, which derives its name from Munsee xwé:wamənk (literally “at the big river flat”).
The village of Wyoming, Plympton Township, Ontario, Canada may have a different origin: "...to the Chippewas, the 'oat planters' were known as moonooming. The white settlers took this to sound like 'Wyoming.'"

der

A number of other places in the United States:

A town in Kent County, Delaware; a suburb of Dover.

A small town in Waupaca County, Wisconsin.


Sidney

en-proper noun

Sidney (countable and uncountable, plural Sidneys)

Sidneys (plural)
Sydney (alternative)
Cydney (alternative)
Sydnie (alternative)
Sydne (alternative)

English surname, from several placenames in England, from Old English sīdan, dative of sīd (“spacious, wide”) + īeġ (“island”).

A town in British Columbia; named for nearby Sidney Island, itself for Royal Navy hydrographer Frederick W. Sidney.

A locale in the United States:
A town in Arkansas.

A locale in the United States:
A town in Indiana.

A town in Maine; named for Philip Sidney.

A town and village therein, in Delaware County, New York; named for British naval officer Sidney Smith.


Berkshire

From Middle English Barrokschire, Berchesire, Barrokshyre, Berrucsire, from Old English Bearrocsċīr, taken from the Bearroc woods, possibly from Proto-Brythonic *barrọg, perhaps meaning “hilly” (compare *barros (“hill, peak, top”)) + Old English sċīr (“shire, county”).

Berkshire
Berkshire (disambiguation)#Other places
Berkshire pig

A place in the United States:
A town in Tioga County, New York.

A place in the United States:
A town in Franklin County, Vermont.


Cornwall

From Middle English Cornwaile, Cornwayle, a modification of Cornwale (after Old French Cornuaille), from Old English Cornwēalas (“Cornwall, inhabitants of Cornwall”), from Proto-Celtic *kornu (“horn”) + Old English wealh (“stranger, foreigner”). Compare Wales/Welsh, Walloon, Gaul.

inh

Prince Edward Island
Prince Edward Island#English

A town in Queens County, Prince Edward Island, Canada.


Cumberland

From Middle English Cumberlond, Cumberland, Cumbreland, from Old English Cumberland, Cumbraland, Cumerland, from Cumbric *Cumbri + Old English land, from Proto-Brythonic *kömrüɣ, plural of *kömroɣ. By surface analysis, Cumbria + -land. Doublet of Cambria. Cognate with Welsh Cymru.

Cumberland
Cumberland (disambiguation)
Cumberland, Maryland

Providence County
Providence County#English

A town in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States.

Vancouver Island
Vancouver Island#English

A town on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada.


Dorset

From the county town of Dorchester. The Old English name was Dornwaraceaster, composed of the British Latin name Durnovaria and the common suffix -ceaster; the word was eventually reduced to Dornsǣte, Dorsǣte, a reduction of the original name + the suffix -sǣte (“people, dwellers”), whence Middle English Dorsete.

A town in Bennington County, Vermont, United States, named after the English county.

Bennington County
Bennington County#English


Essex

Inherited from Old English Ēastseaxan (literally “East Saxons”), which stood for both Essex and the people of Essex.

Essex

small unincorporated community in San Bernadino County, California

Essex

coastal town in Essex County, Massachusetts

A town in Essex County, Ontario, Canada.

Middlesex County
Middlesex County#English

A number of places in the United States:

A town in Middlesex County, Connecticut.

A coastal town and census-designated place in Essex County, Massachusetts.

Chittenden County
Chittenden County#English

A large town in Chittenden County, Vermont.


Kent

Inherited from Middle English Kent, from Old English Cent, from Latin Cantium, from Brythonic *Cantio (compare Old Irish céite (“gathering, folkmoot, hillock”)), from Proto-Celtic *kantos (“corner, rim”).


Norfolk

⇒ Translingual: norfolkensis

Edward Howard, 9th Duke of Norfolk
Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk
Henry Howard, 7th Duke of Norfolk
James Cook
Mary Howard, Duchess of Norfolk
Norfolk
Norfolk (disambiguation)
William Ambrosia Cowley

From Middle English Northfolk, from Old English Norþfolc (literally “northern people”), from norþ (“north, northern”) + folc (“folk, people, race, nation”). As an Ecuadorian island, clipping of Duke of Norfolk's Island, bestowed by William Ambrosia Cowley in 1684 honor of Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk; his son Henry, the 7th duke; or both. As an Australian island and territory, bestowed by James Cook in 1774 in honor of Mary Howard, wife of the 9th duke.

der

A town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States.


Rutland

Unclear. Attested in Old English as Roteland and Ritelanede. Perhaps hrīþer (“cattle”) + land (“land”), or from the personal name Rota + land.

unk

Unclear


Somerset

From Old English Sumorsǣte, which is short for Sumortūnsǣte, meaning "the people living at or dependent upon Sumortūn (Somerton)". An alternative suggestion is that the name derives from *Seo-mere-sætan meaning "settlers by the sea lakes".

Montgomery County
Montgomery County#English

A town in Bristol County, Massachusetts.

A town and hamlet therein, in Niagara County, New York.

A small town (unincorporated) in Windham County, Vermont.

St. Croix County
St. Croix County#English

A town and village in St. Croix County, Wisconsin.


Sussex

en-proper noun

Sussex (countable and uncountable, plural Sussexes)

Inherited from Old English Sūþseaxan (literally “South Saxons”), which stood for both Sussex and its people.
The town in New Brunswick may have been named after Sussex, New Jersey. The civil parish is named after the town.

inh+

A placename.
A town in New Brunswick, Canada.


Avon

From Proto-Brythonic *aβon (“river”). Compare with Welsh afon.

A town in Indiana; named for the river that flows into the Bristol Channel.


Wilton

en-proper noun

Wilton (countable and uncountable, plural Wiltons)

From either Old English welig (“willow”) or wella (“spring, stream”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).

Wiltshire actually comes from Wiltonshire, for Wilton was once a county town, royal residence and bishopric - a place of significance.

(uncountable) A number of places in England:

A town and civil parish with a town council near Salisbury, Wiltshire, famed for the Wilton carpets (OS grid ref SU0931).

A small town in New South Wales, Australia.

Little River County
Little River County#English

A small town in Little River County, Arkansas.

Fairfield County
Fairfield County#English

A large town in Fairfield County, Connecticut.

Hillsborough County
Hillsborough County#English

A town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire.

A large town in Saratoga County, New York.

A village and town in Monroe County, Wisconsin

A number of places in the United States:


Albion

Albion
Albion (disambiguation)
white cliffs of Dover

Ancient Gallo-Latin name for Britain, Albiōn (Middle Welsh Albbu, Old Irish Albu), is from Proto-Celtic *Albiū, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *albʰós (“white”), whence also Latin albus (“white”) and Ancient Greek ἀλφός (alphós, “whiteness, white leprosy”). The primary meaning of the Common Celtic word is "upper world" (as opposed to underworld), with semasiological development similar to e.g. Russian свет (svet, “world; light”).
It is often hypothesised that the Romans took it as connected with albus (“white”), in reference to the white cliffs of Dover.

Any of several places in the United States:

A town, the county seat of Noble County, Indiana, also located in Albion Township and Jefferson Township. Named after Albion, New York.

A town and unincorporated community in Dane County, Wisconsin.


Cleveland

en-prop

Cleveland (countable and uncountable, plural Clevelands)

From place names in England (i.e. Cleveland, England), from Middle English Cleveland, Clyveland, from Middle English clive, cleve, cleove (“cliff”) + land, equivalent to cliff + land.

A number of other places in the United States, including:

Cleveland Township
Cleveland Township#English

A small town in Cleveland Township, Rowan County, North Carolina.

A small town in Russell County, Virginia.

A small town in Marathon County, Wisconsin.


Wrexham

From Old English personal name Wryhtel + 's + Old English hamm (“water meadow”).

A town in Wrexham county borough, in northeastern Wales, United Kingdom.


Camden

From Old English campas (“enclosure”) + denu (“valley”).

A town in Jackson Township, Carroll County, Indiana.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Knox County, Maine.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A town and village therein, in Oneida County, New York.

A town and local government area (Camden Council (New South Wales)) in Macarthur region, New South Wales; named for John Pratt, 1st Marquess Camden, who arranged for the grant of land.


Croydon

From Old English Crogedena ("saffron valley"), from Old English croh (“saffron”) (< Latin crocus (“saffron”)) + Old English denu (“valley”).

A large town in the south of Greater London, England, historically in the county of Surrey.

(historical) A former airport in Croydon.

A town in Sullivan County, New Hampshire.

A town and local government area (the Shire of Croydon) in northern Queensland.


Weston-super-Mare

Latin, meaning "Weston-upon-Sea". See super, mare.

A coastal town and civil parish with a town council, on the Bristol Channel coast of North Somerset, Somerset, England (OS grid ref ST3261).


Stevenage

A new town and borough in north Hertfordshire, England, part of London’s commuter belt (OS grid ref TL2324).


Bačka Topola

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Bačka Topola.

A town and municipality of Vojvodina, Serbia.


Casey

en-proper noun

Casey (countable and uncountable, plural Caseys)

Anglicisation of an Irish surname Ó Cathasaigh (“descendant of (a person named) Watchful”).

A town in Washburn County, Wisconsin, United States.


Clara

Learned borrowing from Latin clāra, feminine of clārus (“bright, shining, clear”), a post-classical name made famous by the 13th century Saint Clara (Clare) of Assisi. Doublet of Clare and Claire.

A town in Pyrénées-Orientales department, France; named Clara-Villerach since 2017.


Llangollen

A small town and community with a town council in Denbighshire, Wales (OS grid ref SJ2141).


Manchester

→ Finnish: Manse

From Old English Mameċeaster. The first element may be from a word related to Breton mamm (“mother; female animal; womb”), in reference to a breast-shaped hill.
The second part is known to be from Old English ceaster, from Latin castra (“camp”).

der

United States of America
United States of America

Any of several towns and cities in the United States of America:

A small incorporated town in Carroll County, Maryland.

A town in Essex County, Massachusetts, in full Manchester-by-the-Sea.

A town and village in Ontario County, New York.

A town in Vermont, United States and one of the two shire towns of Bennington County.

Green Lake County
Green Lake County#English

A town and unincorporated community in Green Lake County, Wisconsin.


Addison

en-proper noun

Addison (countable and uncountable, plural Addisons)

A patronymic surname from a medieval diminutive form of Adam + -son.

A town in Vermont, United States, named after the poet Joseph Addison.

A town in Winston County, Alabama, United States.


Dresden

Borrowed from German Dresden (“Dresden”) in the 1730s, from Middle High German Dresden, from a Sorbian source akin to Lower Sorbian Drježdźany, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *dręzga, of which the locative case is *dręzdzě.

A town, the county seat of Weakley County, Tennessee, United States.


Greenwich

/ˈɡɹinwɪt͡ʃ/

From Middle English Greenwich, from Old English Grēnawīċ, Grēnewīċ (literally “green harbour, green settlement”). Equivalent to green + -wich.
The civil parish in New Brunswick may have been named after Greenwich near London, after Greenwich Village, or after Greenwich Street in Hampstead, New York.

A town on the south bank of the River Thames in south-east Greater London, England, through which the prime meridian passes (OS grid ref TQ3877).

A number of places in the United States:

A town and census-designated place therein, in Fairfield County, Connecticut.

Washington County
Washington County#English


Gordon

The main etymology, associated with Celtic names, is from the Scots surname Gordon, from a place name, but the origin is debated:
* If the English or Scots name is from a Brythonic language (such as Old Welsh or Old Breton), then possibly from a Proto-Brythonic compound such as *gor (“spacious”) + *din (“fort”);
* If the Scots name is itself from English, then possibly from French Gourdon, derived from Gallo-Roman Latin Gordus, from Gaulish *Gordos;
* Otherwise, possibly ultimately from Old English *gor-dūn (“mud hill”) whence a habitational name.

A town in Victoria; named for early settler George Gordon.

A place name:
A locale in the United States:
A town in Houston County, Alabama.

A town in Ashland County, Wisconsin; named for fur trader Antoine Guerdon.

A town and census-designated place therein, in Douglas County, Wisconsin.