tuppenny

Half a pound of tuppenny rice,
Half a pound of treacle.
That’s the way the money goes,
Pop! goes the weasel.

a. 1852, anonymous author, Pop Goes the Weasel:

Then they went off to prepare for the journey […], Peter filling his six-penny pipe with tuppenny tobacco.

1938, Xavier Herbert, chapter XI, in Capricornia, New York: D. Appleton-Century, published 1943, page 184:

The City & South London initially had a flat single fare of 2d., but it was the Central London Railway, opened ten years later, that would be nicknamed 'The Tuppenny Tube' for its flat fare of the same amount. The Central was so-called by the Daily Mail, [...]

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 101:

(British, Australia, becoming old-fashioned) Literally, worth tuppence (two pence); of little value or status.


tuppenny

(British, dated) A coin or stamp worth two pence.

A Lord High Chancellor is a personage of great dignity, who should never, under any circumstances, place himself in the position of being told to tuck in his tuppenny, except by noblemen of his own rank.

(British, dated, juvenile) In the children's game of leapfrog, the head (perhaps named from a tuppenny loaf).


fogou

From Cornish fogo (“cave”); compare vug.

Cornish fogous typically consist of a long passage with walls built up in horizontal courses of rough granite stones, typically some 40 to 50 feet long, 6 feet in height, and 5 to 6 feet in width, constructed in a deliberate curve.

2005, Ross Heaven, Simon Buxton, Darkness Visible: Awakening Spiritual Light Through Darkness Meditation, page 8:

All known fogous are associated with settlements, and their creation would have taken considerable effort, so they obviously had some function for these communities. The fogou at Carn Euny dates from the early part of the Iron Age; here it is thought that the large, stone-lined chamber, which is circular and 5 metres in diameter, was constructed first.

2008, Sarah Chapman, David Chapman, Iconic Cornwall, page 18:

2009, Patricia Monaghan, fogou, entry in The Encyclopedia of Celtic Mythology and Folklore, page 198,
Underground stone chambers found in Cornwall, believed to have been built between between 500 B.C.E. and 500 C.E., fogous appear to have been places of ritual. As there is evidence of occupation by Celts in the latter part of that period, it is possible that the fogous were built by or used by them, although evidence suggests a pre-Celtic spiritual vision.

Because as you are going to discover very shortly, what's under there is no Bronze Age chieftain, no medieval king, or whatever else you expect to find in a fogou like this.

2010, Gary Russell, Doctor Who: The Glamour Chase, page 139:

(archaeology) A Cornish souterrain, an underground, dry-stone-walled chamber open on two ends.


baillie

To ease street traffic congestion, improve transport facilities, and reduce unemployment, one Glasgow baillie has suggested establishing a Regional Passenger Transport Board.

1963 April, “News and Comment: Glasgow bus-rail disappointment”, in Modern Railways, page 228:

(Scottish local government) The equivalent of alderman in some Scottish cities.


Iona

Probably a misreading of Latin Ioua, an attempt to Latinize Old Irish Í.

Skye

other given names derived from Scottish islands

A small island in the Inner Hebrides, Argyll and Bute council area, Scotland


Braintree

From the Old English personal name Branca + treow (“tree”).

A local government district in Essex formed in 1974, with its headquarters in the town.


Sylt

An island in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, in the North Sea.


Cotswold

(morris dancing) A style of traditional Morris dancing originating from the Cotswolds area of England.


Cotswold

A sheep of a certain breed with long wool, formerly common in the English counties of Gloucester, Hereford, and Worcester.


Cotswold

A local government district of Gloucestershire, England.


St George's Channel

The channel connecting the Irish Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the southwest.


Biak

From Indonesian (bahasa) Biak (“Biak language”), from Biak wós Vyak. Also known in Biak as wós kovedi (“our language”).

A language spoken on this island and others near it.


Emerald Isle

Nor one feeling of vengeance presume to defile
The cause, or the men, of the Emerald Isle.

[…] with our diminishing supply of gasoline, our situation might be serious. Minutes passed and we saw no Emerald Isle.

1932, Amelia Earhart, “Across the Atlantic with the Friendship”, in The Fun of It, page 78:


dalesman

January 28 2002, A Harry Griffin, The Guardian, A time to kill.
The dalesmen's sport, fox-hunting on the fells, is gradually returning after its 11-months' foot-and-mouth ban.

A person from the Yorkshire Dales, or sometimes a person from Lakeland.


Sporades

From Ancient Greek Σποράδες (Sporádes), from σποράς (sporás, “scattered”).


Welsher

(rare, obsolete) Synonym of Walian: a Welsh person, a Welshman or Welshwoman.


Walian

en-adj

Walian (comparative more Walian, superlative most Walian)

more Walian (comparative)
most Walian (superlative)

(uncommon) Synonym of Welsh: of or relating to Wales.


Pax Britannica

Learned borrowing from New Latin Pax Britannica, from pāx (“peace”) + Britannica (“British”) after the model of the imperial Roman Pāx Rōmāna.

lbor

(history) The period of British hegemony over the seas and most oversea colonies between the 1805 Battle of Trafalgar and the onset of World War I in 1914.


San Marcos

From Spanish San Marcos (“Saint Mark”), various places usually named in honor of Mark the Evangelist.

Baja California Sur
Baja California Sur#English

An island in Baja California Sur, Mexico.

(historical) Former name of Santiago, an island in Galapagos, Ecuador.


Galápagos Islands

Galapagos Islands
Galapagos Islands#English


en-proper noun

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

/jʊˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm əv ˌɡɹeɪt ˈbɹɪtən ən ˌnɔː(ɹ)ðə(ɹ)n ˈaɪə(ɹ)lənd/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.wav

Derived from United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, following the Irish Independence and the Partition of Ireland in 1922, leaving Northern Ireland to stay in the United Kingdom.

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

The official name of the United Kingdom (since 1927).

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Verenigde Koninkryk van Groot-Brittanje en Noord-Ierland

Mbretëria e Bashkuar e Britanisë së Madhe dhe Irlandës së Veriut

የታላቋ ብሪታኒያ እና የሰሜን አየርላንድ ንጉዛት ኅብረት

yätalaḳʷa bəritaniya ʾəna yäsämen ʾäyärland nəguzat ḫəbrät

al-mamlaka l-muttaḥida li-birīṭāniyā l-ʕuẓmā wa-ʔayirlandā š-šamāliyya

الْمَمْلَكَة الْمُتَّحِدَة لِبِرِيطَانِيَا الْعُظْمَى وَأَيِرْلَنْدَا الشَّمَالِيَّة

Mec Britaniayi ew Hyusisayin Iṙlandiayi Miacʻyal Tʻagavorutʻyun

Մեծ Բրիտանիայի և Հյուսիսային Իռլանդիայի Միացյալ Թագավորություն

Böyük Britaniya və Şimali İrlandiya Birləşmiş Krallığı

Böyök Britaniyanıñ həm Tönʹyaq İrlandiyanıñ Berləşkən Korollege

Бөйөк Британияның һәм Төньяҡ Ирландияның Берләшкән Короллеге

Britainia Handia eta Ipar Irlandako Erresuma Batua

Zlúčanaje Karaljéŭstva Vjalíkabrytánii i Paŭnóčnaj Irlándyi

Злу́чанае Карале́ўства Вялі́кабрыта́ніі і Паўно́чнай Ірла́ндыі

গ্রেট ব্রিটেন ও উত্তর আয়ারল্যান্ড যুক্তরাজ্য

Rouantelezh-Unanet Breizh-Veur ha Norzhiwerzhon

Obedinéno králstvo Velikobritánija i Séverna Irlándija

Обедине́но кра́лство Великобрита́ния и Се́верна Ирла́ндия

yunuiktak kang:dam:auhp. ga.ritbri.tinhnang. mrauk-uing-yalan

ယူနိုက်တက် ကင်းဒမ်းအော့ဖ် ဂရိတ်ဗြိတိန်နှင့် မြောက်အိုင်ယာလန်

Regne Unit de Gran Bretanya i Irlanda del Nord

大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国

daai⁶ bat¹ lit⁶ din¹ kap⁶ bak¹ oi³ ji⁵ laan⁴ lyun⁴ hap⁶ wong⁴ gwok³

大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国

Dà-Bùlièdiān jí Běi-Ài'ěrlán Liánhé Wángguó

Ruwvaneth Unys Breten Veur ha Wordhon Gledh

Büyük Britaniya ve Şimaliy İrlandiya Qоşma Qırallığı

Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Det Forenede Kongerige Storbritannien og Nordirland

Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland

Unuiĝinta Reĝlando de Granda Britio kaj Nord-Irlando

Suurbritannia ja Põhja-Iiri Ühendkuningriik

Sameinda kongsríkið Stórabretland og Norðurírland

Ison-Britannian ja Pohjois-Irlannin yhdistynyt kuningaskunta

Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d’Irlande du Nord

Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda do Norte

didi briṭanetisa da črdiloet irlandiis gaertianebuli samepo

დიდი ბრიტანეთისა და ჩრდილოეთ ირლანდიის გაერთიანებული სამეფო

Vereinigtes Königreich Großbritannien und Nordirland

Inoméno Vasíleio tis Megális Vretanías kai tis Voreíou Irlandías

Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο της Μεγάλης Βρετανίας και της Βορείου Ιρλανδίας

yunāiṭeḍ kiṅgḍam opha greṭ briṭan ane uttarīya āyarlenḍ

યુનાઇટેડ કિંગડમ ઓફ ગ્રેટ બ્રિટન અને ઉત્તરીય આયર્લેન્ડ

ha-mamlakha ha-me'ukhedet shel britanya ha-g'dola u-ts'fon 'irland

הַמַּמְלָכָה הַמְאוּחֶדֶת שֶׁל בְּרִיטַנְיָה הַגְּדוֹלָה וּצְפוֹן אִירְלַנְד

bŕhad briṭen aur uttarī āyarlaiṇḍ kā yūnāīṭeḍ kiṅgḍam

बृहद् ब्रिटेन और उत्तरी आयरलैण्ड का यूनाईटेड किंगडम

Nagy-Britannia és Észak-Írország Egyesült Királysága

Hið sameinaða konungsríki Stóra-Bretlands og Norður-Írlands

Kerajaan Bersatu Britania Raya dan Irlandia Utara

Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann

Regno Unito di Gran Bretagna e Irlanda del Nord

グレートブリテン及び北アイルランド連合王国

グレートブリテンおよびきたアイルランドれんごうおうこく

Gurēto Buriten oyobi Kita Airurando Rengō Ōkoku

Ik Britişin boln Ar Gäälgüdin Niitsätä Nutg

Ик Бритишин болн Ар Гәәлгүдин Ниицәтә Нутг

grēṭ briṭan hāgū uttara airleṇḍna yunaiṭeḍ kiṅgḍaṃ

ಗ್ರೇಟ್ ಬ್ರಿಟನ್ ಹಾಗೂ ಉತ್ತರ ಐರ್ಲೆಂಡ್ನ ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಕಿಂಗ್ಡಂ

Ūlybritaniä jäne Soltüstık İrlandiä Qūrama Patşalyğy

Ұлыбритания және Солтүстік Ирландия Құрама Патшалығы

Ūlybritaniä jäne Soltüstık İrlandiä Bırıkken Koroldıgı

Ұлыбритания және Солтүстік Ирландия Біріккен Корольдігі

Ūlybritaniä jäne Soltüstık İrlandiä Bırıkken Patşalyğy

Ұлыбритания және Солтүстік Ирландия Біріккен Патшалығы

រាជាណាចក្ររួមនៃសហភាពអង់គ្លេស និង អៀរឡង់ខាងជើង

그레이트브리튼 북아일랜드 연합 왕국

Geureiteubeuriteun bugaillaendeu yeonhap wangguk

대브리텐 및 북아일랜드 련합 왕국

Daebeuriten mit bugaillaendeu ryeonhap wangguk

Keyaniya Yekbûyî ya Brîtaniya Mezin û Bakurê Îrlendayê

ສະຫະລາຊະອານາຈັກເບຕາຍໃຫຍ່ແລະອຽກລັງເໜືອ

sa ha lā sa ʼā nā chak bē tāi nyai læ ʼīak lang nư̄a

Lielbritānijas un Ziemeļīrijas Apvienotā Karaliste

Jungtinė Didžiosios Britanijos ir Šiaurės Airijos Karalystė

Vereenegt Kinnekräich vu Groussbritannien an Nordirland

Obedineto Kralstvo na Velika Britanija i Severna Irska

Обединето Кралство на Велика Британија и Северна Ирска

Kerajaan Bersatu Britain Raya dan Ireland Utara

Ir-Renju Unit tal-Gran Brittanja u l-Irlanda ta’ Fuq

Reeriaght Unnaneysit ny Bretyn Mooar as Nerin Hwoaie

Ko te Kīngatanga Kotahi o Piritene Nui me Airangi ki te Raki

greṭ briṭan va uttar āyarlaṇḍce saiyukta rājtantra

ग्रेट ब्रिटन व उत्तर आयर्लंडचे संयुक्त राजतंत्र

didi briṭanetiš do oorue irlandiaš goartoianapili omape

დიდი ბრიტანეთიშ დო ოორუე ირლანდიაშ გოართოიანაფილი ომაფე

Tótaʼ Dineʼé dóó Náhookǫsjí Bitsiighaʼ Łichííʼí Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí

belāyat ra uttarī āyaralyānḍako samyukta adhirājya

बेलायत र उत्तरी आयरल्यान्डको संयुक्त अधिराज्य

Rouoyaume Unni d'la Grande Brétangne et d'l'Irlande du Nord

Det forente kongerike Storbritannia og Nord-Irland

Det sameinte kongeriket Storbritannia og Nord-Irland

Styr Britani æmæ Cægat Irlandijy Iwgond Padʒaxad

Стыр Британи ӕмӕ Цӕгат Ирландийы Иугонд Паддзахад

pâdešâhi-ye mottahed-e beritâniyâ-ye kabir va irland-e šomâli

پادشاهی متحد بریتانیای کبیر و ایرلند شمالی

Zjednoczone Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii Północnej

Reino Unido da Grã-Bretanha e da Irlanda do Norte

gareṭ briṭen ate uttarī āiralaiṇḍ dī sãyukat rājśāhī

ਗਰੇਟ ਬ੍ਰਿਟੇਨ ਅਤੇ ਉੱਤਰੀ ਆਇਰਲੈਂਡ ਦੀ ਸੰਯੁਕਤ ਰਾਜਸ਼ਾਹੀ

Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii și al Irlandei de Nord

Sojedinjónnoje Korolévstvo Velikobritánii i Sévernoj Irlándii

Соединённое Короле́вство Великобрита́нии и Се́верной Ирла́ндии

Iunaite Malo o Peretānia Tele ma Aialani i Matu

Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Northren Ireland

Unitit Kinrick o Greet Breetain an Northren Ireland

Unitit Kinrick o Greet Breetain an Norlin Airlan

Unitit Kinrick o Greet Britain an Norlin Airlann

An Rìoghachd Aonaichte Bhreatainn is Èireann a Tuath

Уједињено Краљевство Велике Британије и Северне Ирске

Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo Velike Britanije i Sjeverne Irske

Regnu Unitu dâ Britagna Granni e di l'Irlanna dû Norti

mahā britānya hā uturu ayarlanta eksat rājadhāniya

මහා බ්රිතාන්ය හා උතුරු අයර්ලන්ත එක්සත් රාජධානිය

Spojené kráľovstvo Veľkej Británie a Severného Írska

Združeno kraljestvo Velike Britanije in Severne Irske

Midowga boqortooyada Britan iyo woqooyiga Ireland

Zjadnośone kralojstwo Wjelikeje Britaniskeje a Pódpołnocneje Irskeje

Zjednoćene kralestwo Wulkobritaniskeje a Sewjerneje Irskeje

Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte

Förenade konungariket Storbritannien och Nordirland

Reyno Unido ng Gran Britanya at Hilagang Irlanda

Podšohi-yi Muttahida-yi Britaniya-yi Kabir va Irlandiya-yi Šimoli

Подшоҳии Муттаҳидаи Британияи Кабир ва Ирландияи Шимолӣ

periya pirittāṉiyā maṟṟum vaṭa ayarlāntiṉ aikkiya irācciyam

பெரிய பிரித்தானியா மற்றும் வட அயர்லாந்தின் ஐக்கிய இராச்சியம்

yunaiṭeḍ kiṅgḍam āph grēṭ briṭan mariyu dakṣiṇa airlāṇḍ

యునైటెడ్ కింగ్డమ్ ఆఫ్ గ్రేట్ బ్రిటన్ మరియు దక్షిణ ఐర్లాండ్

สหราชอาณาจักรบริเตนใหญ่และไอร์แลนด์เหนือ

สหราชอาณาจักรเกรตบริเตนและนอร์เทิร์นไอร์แลนด์

Büyük Britanya ve Kuzey İrlanda Birleşik Krallığı

Beýik Britaniýanyň we Demirgazyk Irlandiýanyň Birleşen Patyşalygy

Spolúčene Korolívstvo Velýkoji Brytániji ta Pivníčnoji Irlándiji

Сполу́чене Королі́вство Вели́кої Брита́нії та Півні́чної Ірла́ндії

muttahidā mamlakat-e britānyā-e kabīr va śumālī āirlaiṇḍ

متحدہ مملکتِ برطانیہ کبیر و شمالی آئرلینڈ

mamlakat-e muttahida-e azīm britānya-o śumālī āirlaiṇḍ

مملکت متحدہ عظیم برطانیہ و شمالی آئرلینڈ

mamlakat-e muttahida-e britānya-e uzma-o śumālī āiristān

مملکت متحدہ برطانیہ عظمیٰ و شمالی آئرستان

Buyuk Britaniya va Shimoliy Irlandiya Birlashgan Qirolligi

Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon

Feriene Keninkryk fan Grut-Brittanje en Noard-Ierlân

fareynikte kinigraykh fun groysbritanye un tsofn irland

פֿאַראייניקטע קיניגרײַך פֿון גרויסבריטאַניע און צפֿון אירלאַנד

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland


Komodo

/kəʊˈməʊdəʊ/

/kəʊˈməʊdəʊ/

Borrowed from Indonesian pulau Komodo (literally “Komodo Island”).

bor+

Lesser Sunda Islands
Lesser Sunda Islands

An island in Indonesia, part of the Lesser Sunda Islands


Federated States of Micronesia

/ˈfɛdəˌɹeɪtɪd ˈsteɪts əv ˌmaɪkɹəˈniːʒə/

The official name of Micronesia, a country consisting of about 600 islands in Oceania. Capital: Palikir.

Eʼeʼaahjí Tónteel bikáaʼgi Kéyah Yázhí dah Ndaaʼeełgo Ałhidadiidzooígíí


Ithaca

From Ancient Greek Ἰθάκα (Itháka), Doric form of Ἰθάκη (Ithákē).

An island in the Ionian Sea, Greece; according to the legend Odysseus was its king.


Northern Mariana Islands

As of Wednesday, 97.3% of the eligible population in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, or 41,937 individuals, had been fully vaccinated against COVID-19, according to figures provided by the Commonwealth Healthcare Corp.

2022 January 24, K-Andrea Evarose Limol, “97% of eligible population fully vaccinated in CNMI, says CHCC”, in Guam Daily Post, archived from the original on 2022-05-16:

Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands#English

An archipelago, commonwealth and dependent territory (technically, an unincorporated territory) of the United States in the Pacific Ocean. Official name: Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands.

ໝູ່ເກາະມາຣີນາເໜືອ

mū kǫ mā rī nā nư̄a

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American Samoa · Guam · Northern Mariana Islands · Puerto Rico · United States minor outlying islands · United States Virgin Islands


Maluku

The islands are said to have been named Arabic جَزِيرَات المَلِك (jazīrāt al-malik, literally “king islands”) by Arab merchants. However, since the name itself has been mentioned in a 14th-century Majapahit eulogy, Nagarakretagama, that predates the arrival of Islam in Maluku at the late fifteenth century, other sources claim that the name comes from a local language with the meaning "the head of a bull" or "the head of something large".

der

جَزِيرَات المَلِك


Saint Kitts

Calque of Spanish San Cristóbal (“Saint Christopher”) using a form of the nickname Kit in place of the full name Christopher. Doublet of Saint Christopher and San Cristobal.

doublet

Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Kitts and Nevis#English


Ross Island

A volcanic island in the Ross Sea near Antarctica.


home rule

The rule or government of an appendant or dependent country, as to some or all local and internal legislation, by means of a governing power vested in the people within the country itself, in contradistinction to a government established by the dominant country.

(historical, especially) Self-government of the island of Ireland.


Six Counties

(Ireland, informal) The six Irish counties that form Northern Ireland.

na Sé Chontae

the six counties that comprise Northern Ireland


Rügen

Germany's largest island, located in the Baltic Sea off the coast of extreme western Pomerania.


Cantabrigian

/kæntəˈbɹɪd͡ʒɪən/

From Latin Cantabrigia (“Cambridge”) + -n.

An undergraduate, graduate or fellow of the University of Cambridge


Lancastrian

en-adj

Lancastrian (comparative more Lancastrian, superlative most Lancastrian)

more Lancastrian (comparative)
most Lancastrian (superlative)

Of or relating to Lancaster or Lancashire.


Lancastrian

(historical) An adherent of the house of Lancaster, as against the Yorkists, in the Wars of the Roses.

(aviation, historical) A modified version of the Lancaster bomber, used in civilian service in the immediate postwar years.


Nusantara

From Indonesian Nusantara, from Javanese Nusantara (ꦤꦸꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦫ, “the islands, Indonesia”), from Old Javanese nūsāntara (“the outer islands”).

der

An archipelago in Southeast Asia: Indonesian Archipelago, the islands comprising the country of Indonesia or to the geographical groups which include its islands.


Moluccas

From Maluku, thought to have been derived from the term used by Arab traders for the region, Arabic جَزِيرَات المَلِك (jazīrāt al-malik, literally “king islands”), from the word مَلِك (malik). However, since the name itself has been mentioned in a 14th-century Majapahit eulogy, Nagarakretagama, that predates the arrival of Islam in Maluku at the late fifteenth century, other sources claim that the name comes from a local language with the meaning "the head of a bull" or "the head of something large".

uder

جَزِيرَات المَلِك


Marianas

Named after Spanish Queen Mariana of Austria (1634–1696).

named-after

After refueling and taking on supplies in New Guinea, we steamed north and east to support the landings on Kwajalein and Eniwetok and the thrusts against the island of Truk. We participated in the famous "Turkey Shoot" in the Marianas, during which we decimated the enemy's forces.

1979, Gerald Ford, “Boyhood—and Beyond”, in A Time to Heal, New York: Berkley Books, published 1980, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 57:

An archipelago in the western Pacific Ocean, a part of the geographical Micronesia.


Wealden

A local government district in East Sussex, England, created in 1974 and named after the Weald.


townland

Here is to be noted, that Sir Hugh got his estate by townlands, by reason of his agreement with Con O'Neil, whereas other undertakers of plantations in Ulster had several scopes of land (called proportions) admeasured to them, each containing one thousand acres, profitable for plough and good pasture, mountains and bog not reckoned in the number, but thrown in as an appurtenance.

1696–1706, William Montgomery, chapter IV, in George Hill, editor, The Montgomery Manuscripts: (1603–1706): Compiled from Family Papers by William Montgomery of Rosemount, Esquire; […], Belfast: James Cleeland, […]; Thomas Dargan, […], published 1869, →OCLC, page 55:

I am not aware that those tenants have since transgressed; but I received a letter from home, informing me that there were three fines struck upon a townland of mine, and that on the tenants of that townland being asked how that came about, the only account they gave was, that there were three stills brought from Cloghonnelly, and lodged in that townland of mine.

1816 May 31, Alexander Stewart (witness), “Appendix. Minutes of Evidence Taken before the Select Committee Appointed to Inquire into the Causes and Extent of Illicit Distillation of Spirits in Ireland, and the Best Means or the Prevention thereof; […]”, in Reports, also, Accounts and Papers, Relating to Ireland. […], volume IX, pages 63–64:

The civil distribution of Ireland, in the descending scale, is into Provinces, Counties, Baronies, Parishes, and Townlands; and under these successive grades of classification every acre of Ireland is accounted for in that noble compilation, the Census of 1851,— […]

1861 April 22, W[illia]m Reeves, “On the Townland Distribution of Ireland”, in Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, volume VII, Dublin: Printed by M[ichael] H[enry] Gill, […], published 1862, →OCLC, page 473:

[T]hey walked round the lake, for the townland was at the back of the demesne; and while they walked, James proposed to pay Mike ten shillings a week for his board and lodging.

1903, George Moore, “Home-Sickness”, in The Untilled Field, London: T[homas] Fisher Unwin, […], →OCLC, page 158:

[T]he report had already been spread about the country that Shiana was out of his mind; […] that there was a batch of people in every one of the seven townlands cutting splinters of wood to make torches for the night to go in search of him, and that no doubt he would be found stuck head downwards in some hole and drowned, or in some rock-cave, perished with cold and hunger.

1916, [Peter O’Leary], “The Jewel”, in Shiana: From the Irish, Dublin: The Irish Book Company […]; Browne & Nolan, Limited […], →OCLC, pages 89–90:

Lixnaw is my parish and my hurling club; Ballinclogher is my townland and my home. Finuge is the football side of the parish, about 8 miles from where I grew up.

2014, Paul Galvin, “North Kerry – Rebel Stronghold”, in In My Own Words: The Autobiography, London: Transworld Ireland, Transworld Publishers, →ISBN, page 28:

(Ireland) A geographical unit of land smaller than a parish.


Wimbleware

Blend of Wimbledon + Edgware (from Edgware Road)

(rail transport, informal) The Wimbledon to Edgware Road service on the London Underground's District Line.


Cabo Verde

Borrowed from Portuguese Cabo Verde (literally “green cape”), from cabo (“cape”) + verde (“green”).

bor+

Synonym of Cape Verde: an archipelago and country in West Africa.


Texel

An island in the Netherlands, the most westerly of the Frisian Islands.


Bermudan option

en-noun

Bermudan option (plural Bermudan options)

Play on words due to the cultural, geographic, and political similarities between Bermuda alongside both the Americas and Europe and the fact that this financial option has elements of both American and European styles.

(finance) An option that can be exercised at specific dates between issue date and expiry date. Sometimes known as a mid-Atlantic option.


Ryukyu

From Japanese 琉球 (Ryūkyū), from Middle Chinese 流求 (MC ljuw gjuw), a Chinese exonym for the island kingdom, of unclear origin. Doublet of Liuqiu.

White Butterflies in Japan.[...]Shortly after this I left Yokohama for the Ryukyu Islands, and next had my attention attracted by the "White" in the Bay of Kagoshima.

1888 April, H. T. Stainton, “Nepticula Serella, N. SP.”, in Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 261:

About 140 people live on Kuchinoerabu island in the Ryukyu archipelago, which is approximately 50 miles (80 kilometers) southwest of the main southern island of Kyushu.

2015 May 29, “Volcano erupts on remote southern Japanese island”, in Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2015-10-23, Japan:

A chain of islands in Japan roughly between Kyushu and Taiwan.

琉球

るーちゅー, Rūchū, どぅーちゅー, Dūchū


fivepence

Five pence (British coin)
Five pence (Irish coin)


Cumbrian

Sunday, as the Midland timetable sapiently observed, was a dies non in Scotland, yet the N.B.R. [North British Railway], though a Scots company, had a Sunday train; true, it did not work on Scottish soil, as it only ran over the 22 miles of Cumbrian track that connected Carlisle and Silloth.

1953 August, Basil M. Bazley, “Carlisle in 1905”, in Railway Magazine, page 519:

Leaving on another Northern Class 195, I head for a trip along one of the UK's most unappreciated scenic lines - the Cumbrian coast.

2022 November 2, Paul Bigland, “New trains, old trains, and splendid scenery”, in RAIL, number 969, page 56:

Of or pertaining to Cumbria or Cumberland.


Cumbrian

A native or inhabitant of Cumbria or Cumberland.


God Save the King

It is a strange fact, but it is unquestionably true that almost any English intellectual would feel more ashamed of standing to attention during “God save the King” than of stealing from a poor box.

1941, George Orwell, The Lion and the Unicorn:

The national anthem of the United Kingdom when the current monarch is a king.


2.4 children

From what was once the average (and therefore supposedly typical) number of children per household in the United Kingdom.

Maybe their pastoral family, with their 2.4 children, is at the perfect age and life stage for that church, and yours does not seem to be (or vice versa).

1993, Carl F. George, How to Break Growth Barriers: Capturing Overlooked Opportunities for Church Growth, Baker Books, →ISBN:

In the 1960s and 1970s it was normal to marry and have babies at a young age – girls were routinely leaving school at sixteen, marrying at eighteen and having their 2.4 children before their twenty-third birthday..

2013, Jackie Highe, The Modern Grandparents' Guide, Hachette UK, →ISBN:

The heterosexual, monogamous, married for life couple, exclusively committed to the upbringing of their 2.4 children, was the family unit that adoption was legally designed to replicate.

2015, Kerry O'Halloran, The Politics of Adoption: International Perspectives on Law, Policy and Practice, Springer, →ISBN, page 821:

A stereotypical characteristic of normal family life; frequently used ironically.


Euboea

An island in Greece, the second-largest, just off the eastern coast of Boeotia, in the Aegean Sea.


Saba

Possibly derived from a shortening or misreading of Spanish San Cristóbal, the original name of the island.

An island and special municipality in the Netherlands, in the Caribbean Sea; in the southern part of the Caribbean north of the west coast of Venezuela.


Pio

An island in Makira-Ulawa, Solomon Islands.


Basse-Terre

An island comprising the western half of the overseas department of Guadeloupe.


Kauai

From Hawaiian Kauaʻi, of uncertain meaning.

The oldest and fourth-largest island of Hawaii.


Niihau

From Hawaiian Niʻihau, of uncertain meaning.

The westernmost and smallest of the inhabited islands of Hawaii.


Lanai

From Hawaiian Lānaʻi, probably from lā (“day”) + naʻi (“conquest”), usually taken to reference an occasion when the wayward Mauian prince Kauluāʻau supposedly brought order to the island by expelling its ghosts and demons.

The sixth largest island of Hawaii, mostly privately owned.


Molokai

From Hawaiian Molokaʻi, of uncertain meaning.


Friendly Islands

Named as such because of the friendly reception Captain James Cook received on his first visit to Tonga in 1773.


Dutch West Indies

Netherlands Antilles
Netherlands Antilles


Tenerife

/ˌtɛnəˈɹiːf/

Santa Cruz de Tenerife
Santa Cruz de Tenerife

An island in the Canary Islands, the largest of the islands, capital city Santa Cruz de Tenerife.


Socotra

An island in Yemen, between the Guardafui Channel to the west, Gulf of Aden to the northwest, the Somali Sea to the south, and the Arabian Sea to the east


South Georgia

The main island was renamed "Isle of Georgia" in 1775, in honour of King George III of Great Britain, by Captain James Cook.

South Georgia Island
South Georgia Island#English

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands#English

Ellipsis of South Georgia Island.; An island in the southern Atlantic Ocean, part of the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, United Kingdom, a British-owned territory


en-proper noun

South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands

From South Georgia Islands + South Sandwich Islands.

compound

South Sandwich Islands
South Sandwich Islands

Two archipelagos comprising an overseas territory of the United Kingdom in the southern Atlantic Ocean. A territory of inhospitable islands, composed of the South Georgia island group, and the South Sandwich Islands chain.

Южна Джорджия и Южни Сандвичеви острови

Južna Džordžija i Južni Sandvičevi ostrovi

Zuid-Georgië en de Zuidelijke Sandwicheilanden

Etelä-Georgia ja Eteläiset Sandwichsaaret

Géorgie du Sud-et-les Îles Sandwich du Sud

Südgeorgien und die Südlichen Sandwichinseln

Nísoi Nótia Georgía kai Nóties Sántouits

Νήσοι Νότια Γεωργία και Νότιες Σάντουιτς

Júžnaja Geórgija i Júžnyje Sándvičevy ostrová

Ю́жная Гео́ргия и Ю́жные Са́ндвичевы острова́


Wigan

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Greater Manchester
Greater Manchester#English

A town and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England.


Carrick

Anglicised version of Irish carraig, Scottish Gaelic carraig or Cornish karrek, all meaning rock.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A census-designated place in Siskiyou County, California, United States.

A local government district of Cornwall, England, named after the fiord-like Carrick Roads estuary. It was abolished on 31 March 2009.

(describing a siren seen in a group of otherwise decrepit old witches dancing) There was ae winsome wench and waulie / That night enlisted in the core, / Lang after ken'd on Carrick shore; / (For mony a beast to dead she shot, / And perish'd mony a bonie boat, ...)

1791, Robert Burns, “Tam o'Shanter”Edinburgh Magazine:

There was one beautiful and vivacious young woman / That night enlisted in the corps [of dancers] / Long remembered on the shore of Carrick / (For she had caused many large animals to slip down [the cliffs] to their deaths, / And fatally lured many good boats [onto the rocks], ...)

A rocky coastal district now in in South Ayrshire, Scotland and part of the Carrick, Cumnock and Doon Valley Scottish Parliament constituency and the eponymous UK Parliament constituency.

A Scottish earldom bestowed on the heir apparent to the reigning monarchs first of Scotland (since Robert the Bruce in 1292) and later of the United Kingdom.


Combine

From combine, referring to the merger and purchase of various underground railway, tram and bus companies in London, combining them into one organisation. Originally applied to Underground Electric Railways of London Company Ltd, since used for successor organisations.


sent to the Tower

Referring to the Tower of London, a famous prison.

(British, colloquial) imprisoned; punished.


Yorkshireman

Remember the eastern leg of HS2 being lopped back to the East Midlands? To this Yorkshireman, this was a tragedy. It removed the umbilical cord designed to connect and bind together the modern advanced manufacturing corridor of England (West Midlands-East Midlands-the reborn Sheffield-Leeds-Teesside-Tyneside), helping it to be capable of competing internationally through the synergy of skills and skilled people.

2024 February 7, Andrew McNaughton, “HS2: a truncated route cuts off city lifelines”, in RAIL, number 1002, page 47:


Pitcairn

Named after Robert Pitcairn, the first Westerner to sight the island officially.

An island in the South Pacific, part of the British territory of the Pitcairn Islands


Kuril Islands

An archipelago between Japan and Kamchatka, Russia, separating the Sea of Okhotsk from the north Pacific Ocean.


Usedom

An island in the Baltic Sea on the border between Germany and Poland.


Islay

Derived from Scottish Gaelic Ìle, but probably ultimately of non-Indo-European (substrate) origin, along with other uncertain names in Scotland such as Skye, Lewis, and Arran.

The southernmost island of the Inner Hebrides in Argyll and Bute council area, Scotland.


Elba

An Italian island in the Tuscan Archipelago off the west coast of Italy, between the Italian coast and Corsica


Ealing

A London borough of Greater London, England.

A town in West London, Greater London, England.

A rural locality in south Canterbury, New Zealand.


black cab

So-called because they were originally painted black; nowadays they can be any colour, but are still referred to as black cabs.

Sitting in a black cab as it speeds away into the traffic, I check my bag. There, hiding in the bottom corner, I find a hand and body wash with the Caledonian Sleeper logo on it. I hadn't used it.

2023 February 8, Greg Morse, “Crossing the border... by Sleeper”, in RAIL, number 976, page 45:

(British) A traditional London-style taxi; a hackney carriage.


Macaronesia

/ˌmakəɹəˈniːʒə/

From Ancient Greek μακάρων νῆσοι (makárōn nêsoi, “Islands of the Blessed”) + -ia, from μάκαρ (mákar, “fortunate”) + νῆσος (nêsos, “island”). Unrelated to English macaroni.

af

μακάρων νῆσοι

A group of islands in the North Atlantic: the Azores, the Canary Islands, Cape Verde, Madeira and the Savage Islands.


Madura

From Indonesian Madura, said to be from madu (“honey”) + dara (“girl”).

An island of Indonesia off the coast of Java.


Madura

Obsolete form of Mathura (“Indian city”).

Obsolete form of Madurai (“Indian city”).


Lampedusa

From Italian Lampedusa, from Latin Lopadusa, from Ancient Greek Λοπαδοῦσσα (Lopadoûssa). Compare Sicilian Lampidusa.

The largest island of the Italian Pelagie Islands, located in the Mediterranean Sea between Malta and Tunisia.


Multicultural London English

An English sociolect peculiar to modern-day London, being a mixture of Cockney, Jamaican, West African, and Indian accents and dialects.


Jerseyman

(dated) A male inhabitant of Jersey (the largest island of the Channel Islands).


District

District of Columbia
District of Columbia

(with determiner, informal) The District of Columbia, the federal district of the United States.

The District seems complacently salubrious. It is green on the Tube map, an inoffensive colour. It has not one but two bridge crossings of the Thames, which seems greedy when you think that no other [underground] line has even one.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 60:

(rail transport) The District Line of the London Underground, originally known as the District Railway.


Dail

Borrowed from Irish Dáil, short for Dáil Éireann.

I dreamt that Ruairi Quinn was smokin' marijuana in the Dail. Barry Desmond handing Frenchies out to scuts in Fianna Fail.

1985, “Delerium Tremens” (track 2), in Ordinary Man, performed by Christy Moore:


Scotch whisky

en-noun

Scotch whisky (countable and uncountable, plural Scotch whiskies)

Whisky distilled in Scotland, especially from malted barley.


red, white and blue

Forget not the boys of Kilmichael, those brave lads so gallant and true.
Who fought 'neath the green flag of Erin, and conquered the red, white and blue.

p. 1920, The Boys of Kilmichael (Irish Song, author unknown)


Madchester

Released late in 1990, the hit album Pills 'n' Thrills and Bellyaches was a summation of the Madchester era.

2013 [1998], Simon Reynolds, Generation Ecstasy, Routledge, →ISBN:

(music) An alternative rock genre and associated social scene that originated in Manchester, England, in the late 1980s, influenced by indie, psychedelic and dance music.


Church of Scotland

The national Presbyterian church of Scotland.


Changsha

/(ˈ)t͡ʃæŋˈʃɑ/

(historical) A former island in the Yangtze estuary in eastern China, now part of Chongming Island.


Mascarene Islands

An archipelago in the Indian Ocean, consisting of Mauritius, Réunion, Rodrigues and the Cargados Carajos.


Jack the Ripper

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Jack the Ripper.wav

September 1888, Jack + the + ripper, from the Dear Boss letter.

Keep this letter back till I
do a bit more work. then give
it out straight. My knife's so nice
and sharp I want to get to work
right away if I get a chance.
Good luck.
Yours truly
Jack the Ripper
Dont mind me giving the trade name

1888 September 25, Jack the Ripper, Dear Boss Letter, London, page 2:

Two communications of an extraordinary nature, both signed "Jack the Ripper," have been received by the Central News Agency, the one on Thursday last and the other yesterday morning. The first - the original of which has been seen by Major Smith, the Assistant Commissioner of the City Police - was a letter, bearing the E.C. postmark, in which reference was made to the atrocious murders previously committed in the East-end, which the writer confessed, in a brutally jocular vein, to have committed; stating that in the "next job" he did he would "clip the lady's ears off" and send them to the police, and also asking that the letter might be kept back until he had done "a bit more work." The second communication was a postcard, and as above stated, it was received yesterday morning. It bore the date, "London, E., October 1," and was as follows: - "I was not codding, dear old Boss, when I gave you the tip. You'll hear about Saucy Jacky's work to-morrow. Double event this time. Number One squealed a bit; couldn't finish straight off. Had not time to get ears for police. Thanks for keeping the last letter back till I got to work again." The postcard was sent to Scotland Yard. No doubt is entertained that the writer of both communications, whoever he may be, is the same person.

1888 October 2, The Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2004-08-10:

Nothing whatever has been discovered during the week to throw light upon the Whitechapel murders. The police entertain the belief, as we gather from the remarks of Mr. Crawford, the City Coroner, who is inquiring into the murder in Mitre Square, that they possess a fairly accurate description of the person of the murderer. He has, however, for the present, disappeared into space, unless it is he who writes certain letters signed "Jack the Ripper." The police think this is the case, and if so, he is an educated or partly educated man, of extreme audacity, intoxicated with the evil pride of crime, and resolute to commit more murders.

1888 October 13, “NEWS OF THE WEEK.”, in The Spectator, number 3,146, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1379, column 1:

Many of the dead were never identified simply because whole families died together and there was no one left to say who they were. One woman, named Elizabeth Stride, claimed to have been one of the survivors of the sinking, although there was no proof of this. She would later go down in history as the third victim of Jack the Ripper.

2018 September 14, Derek Coleman, “Old superstition comes true with tragic consequences”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-12-03:

Six weeks after Maxwell reported the sewage seepage this summer, an MDC inmate charged with robbing a bank said the toilet in his cell had been broken for three days.
"I do not care if the defendant is Jack the Ripper, we treat people under our care with respect and decency," U.S. District Judge William Kuntz said in a July 27 hearing about the toilet, which a prosecutor said was fixed ahead of the hearing. "This is an ongoing disgrace."

2021 November 18, Luc Cohen, quoting William Kuntz, “Ghislaine Maxwell sex crimes trial highlights conditions at Brooklyn jail”, in Noeleen Walder, Aurora Ellis, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-11-18, United States:

A supposed individual who was an unidentified 19th century serial killer in England, who has become part of folklore.


Santa Rosa

An island in Santa Barbara County, California, off the coast, one of the Channel Islands.

Santa Barbara County
Santa Barbara County#English


Moray

From Medieval Latin Moravia, Morauia, from Scottish Gaelic Moireibh, Moireabh, Moreb, ultimately from Proto-Celtic *mori (“sea”) + *trebā (“settlement”).

A council area of Scotland, one of 32 created in 1996.


Ellesmere Island

Named after Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere.

The northernmost island of Canada, in Nunavut.

Ellesmere Island
Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere


Baffin Island

Named after William Baffin, English explorer.

An island in Nunavut, Canada, north of the Canadian mainland.


Abaco

From an earlier form Habacoa (found on Juan de la Cosa's map of 1500). In the 1500s they were also called Iucayonique, probably after the Lucayans who inhabited them.

The Abaco Islands, an island and cays group in the north of the Bahamas.


Highland

Specific application of highland, equivalent to high + land.

Highland (council area)
Highland (disambiguation)

A council area in north-west Scotland, one of 32 created in 1996.


St. Paul's

We could go up to St. Paul's after lunch.


East End

Coordinate term: West End

But O Cook, O Thomas Cook & Son,[…]with ease and celerity, could you send me to Darkest Africa or Innermost Thibet, but to the East End of London, barely a stone’s throw distant from Ludgate Circus, you know not the way!

1903 October, Jack London, chapter I, in The People of the Abyss, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

(colloquial, UK, chiefly London) The east end of London, generally regarded to be east of the medieval walled City of London and north of the River Thames.


Mahé

Borrowed from French Mahé, named after Bertrand-François Mahé de La Bourdonnais, a French governor of Isle de France (modern Mauritius).


Old Cornish

An early form of the Cornish language, used circa 800-1200 AD.


Sabbatarian

From Medieval Latin sabbatarius, from Latin sabbatum, from Ancient Greek σάββατον (sábbaton), from Hebrew שבת (shabát) + -an. In use from c. 1610.

A person who regards and keeps the seventh day of the week ("Saturday", the Israelite or Jewish Sabbath) as holy in conformity with the fourth commandment of the Decalogue, such as an Orthodox Jew, Seventh-day Adventist, Seventh Day Baptist, a member of the Church of God (Seventh Day); a Sabbath-keeper, a Saturday-keeper.

съботянин

seventh-day Sabbatarian, Sabbath-keeper, Saturday-keeper


Scottish Borders

A council area of Scotland, one of 32 created in 1996; it was named Borders Region prior to that.


Borromean Islands

A group of three small islands and two islets in the Italian part of Lago Maggiore, chiefly consisting out of Isola Bella, Isola Madre and Isola dei Pescatori.


crannog

Portuguese: crannog

Borrowed from Irish crannóg, from Middle Irish crannóc.

An artificial island, used in prehistoric and medieval times in Scotland and Ireland for dwelling.


Saintes

(in the plural) A small French Caribbean island chain, the Îles des Saintes, in the Leeward Islands, a dependency of the department of Guadeloupe.


St Albans

A civil parish in Gedling borough, Nottinghamshire, England, formed in 2018.


finfolk

(Orkney) Sorcerous shapeshifters of the sea in Orkney folklore.


Anglian

An Old English dialect from Mercia or Northumbria.


Colcestrian

A pupil of Colchester Royal Grammar School.


theatreland

Part of the West End district of London, England, where many theatres can be found.


Cornishman

Coordinate term: Cornishwoman


Cornishwoman

Coordinate term: Cornishman


Tommy Atkins

Said to be a fictitious name inserted in document templates given to soldiers to guide them in filling out account blanks, etc. Found in the publication Soldier's Account Book (1815) and later in King's Regulations (1837).

O it's Tommy this, an' Tommy that, an' "Tommy, go away";
But it's "Thank you, Mister Atkins", when the band begins to play

A voice I don't want to listen to tells me that this is England's last land triumph; that our military history ends here[…]. Tommy Atkins will serve with pluck and valor wherever he fights hereafter, as always; but the conduct of the war is passing out of our hands.

1978, Herman Wouk, War and Remembrance, Back Bay Books, published 2002, page 507:


Strait of Dover

A strait in the English Channel, connecting to the North Sea, between Dover (England) and Calais (France)


Grenadines

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

A group of small islands in the Caribbean, divided between the larger islands of Grenada and Saint Vincent, in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

Grenadiinit

a group of small islands in the Caribbean


en-proper noun

the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

w:Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927

Irish Free State
Irish Free State#English

The official name of the United Kingdom 1801-1927 (before being renamed by the Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927 following the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922).

Verenigde Koninkryk van Groot-Brittanje en Ierland

Mbretëria e Bashkuar e Britanisë së Madhe dhe Irlandës

al-mamlaka(t) al-muttaḥida(t) libirīṭāniyā l-ʕuẓmā waʔayirlandā

الْمَمْلَكَة الْمُتَّحِدَة لِبِرِيطَانِيَا الْعُظْمَى وَأَيِرْلَنْدَا

Mec Britaniayi ew Iṙlandiayi Miacʻyal Tʻagavorutʻyun

Մեծ Բրիտանիայի և Իռլանդիայի Միացյալ Թագավորություն

Böyük Britaniya və İrlandiya Birləşmiş Krallığı

Britainia Handia eta Irlandako Erresuma Batua

Zlúčanaje Karaljéŭstva Vjalíkabrytánii i Irlándyi

Злу́чанае Карале́ўства Вялі́кабрыта́ніі і Ірла́ндыі

greiṭ briṭen eboṅ aẏarolênḍer juktorajjo

গ্রেইট ব্রিটেন এবং আয়ারল্যাণ্ডের যুক্তরাজ্য

Obedineno kralstvo Velikobritanija i Irlandija

Обединено кралство Великобритания и Ирландия

Regne Unit de la Gran Bretanya i Irlanda

Spojené království Velké Británie a Irska

Det Forenede Kongerige Storbritannien og Irland

Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Ierland

Suurbritannia ja Iirimaa Ühendkuningriik

Sameinda kongsríkið Stórabretland og Írland

Ison-Britannian ja Irlannin yhdistynyt kuningaskunta

Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d’Irlande

didi briṭanetisa da irlandiis gaertianebuli samepo

დიდი ბრიტანეთისა და ირლანდიის გაერთიანებული სამეფო

Vereinigtes Königreich Großbritannien und Irland

Inoméno Vasíleio tis Megális Vretanías kai tis Irlandías

Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο της Μεγάλης Βρετανίας και της Ιρλανδίας

ha-mamlakha ha-me'ukhedet shel britanya ha-g'dola u-'irland

הַמַּמְלָכָה הַמְאוּחֶדֶת שֶׁל בְּרִיטַנְיָה הַגְּדוֹלָה וּאִירְלַנְד

Nagy-Britannia és Írország Egyesült Királysága

Hið sameinaða konungsríki Stóra-Bretlands og Írlands

Kerajaan Serikat Britania Raya dan Irlandia

Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Éireann

グレートブリテン及びアイルランド連合王国

グレートブリテンおよびアイルランドれんごうおうこく

Gurēto Buriten oyobi Airurando Rengōōkoku

Coniunctum Britanniae Magnae et Hiberniae Regnum

Lielbritānijas un Īrijas Apvienotā Karaliste

Jungtinė Didžiosios Britanijos ir Airijos karalystė

Obedineto Kralstvo na Velika Britanija i Irska

Обединето Кралство на Велика Британија и Ирска

Kerajaan Bersatu Britain Raya dan Ireland

Det forente kongerike Storbritannia og Irland

Det sameinte kongeriket Storbritannia og Irland

پادشاهی متحد بریتانیای کبیر و ایرلند

pâdešâhi-ye mottahed-e beritâniyâ-ye kabir va irland

Zjednoczone Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii

Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii și Irlandei

Sojedinjónnoje Korolévstvo Velikobritánii i Irlándii

Соединённое Короле́вство Великобрита́нии и Ирла́ндии

Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Ireland

An Rìoghachd Aonaichte Bhreatainn is Èireann

Уједињено Краљевство Велике Британије и Ирске

Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo Velike Britanije i Irske

Spojené kráľovstvo Veľkej Británie a Írska

Združeno kraljestvo Velike Britanije in Irske

Förenade kungariket Storbritannien och Irland

Büyük Britanya ve İrlanda Birleşik Krallığı

Spolúčene Korolívstvo Velýkoji Brytániji ta Irlándiji

Сполу́чене Королі́вство Вели́кої Брита́нії та Ірла́ндії

Feriene Keninkryk fan Grut-Brittanje en Ierlân

dos fareynikte kinigraykh fun groysbritanye un irland

דאָס פֿאַראייניקטע קיניגרײַך פֿון גרויסבריטאַניע און אירלאַנד


United Kingdom of Great Britain

the United Kingdom of Great Britain (canonical)


Novaya Zemlya

From Russian Но́вая Земля́ (Nóvaja Zemljá, literally “New Land”).

bor

Но́вая Земля́

An archipelago in the Arctic Ocean in the north of Russia, administered by Arkhangelsk oblast.


Hebridean

/ˌhɛbɹɪˈdiːən/

/ˌhɛbɹəˈdiːən/


Great Britain and Ireland

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland#English

shortened form of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1921) Abbreviation: GBI.


Great Britain and Northern Ireland

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland#English

shortened form of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1922-Present) Abbreviation: GBNI.

មហាប៊្រីតថេននិងអៀរឡង់ខាងជើង

mo ha brit tein ning ear long khang jerng


Ryūkyū

Ryūkyū is itself an extended archipelago, and geographic dispersion sustained considerable linguistic divergence and cultural differences among the islands (Matsumori 1995:30-31).

2001, John Lie, Multiethnic Japan, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 96:

The Ryūkyū performing arts entered the Japanese mainland through performances by artists from Ryūkyū, after which they developed in new directions distinct from their origins.

2013, Hiroi Eiko, “The Creation of Exotic Space in the Miyako-odori: 'Ryūkyū' and 'Chōsen'”, in Hugh De Ferranti Alison Tokita, editors, Music, Modernity and Locality in Prewar Japan: Osaka and Beyond, Routledge, published 2016, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 274:

According to George Kerr’s book, “Okinawa, The History of an Island People,” beni imo was brought to Okinawa in 1606 by Noguni Sōkan, who was stationed at a Ryūkyū (Okinawa) trading post in the southern coastal district of the Fukien Province, China.[...]On June 19, 1615, Richard Cook, the English trader at Hirako, recorded in his diary that he planted the first potatoes from Ryūkyū in Japan. According to a document, “History of Okinawa,” prepared by Ijichi Sadaka in 1878, a Japanese named Ryuiemon brought the sweet potato from Ryūkyū to Yamakawa Village in Satsuma in southern Kyüshü between 1665 to 1675.

2021 November 19, Dan Nakasone, “Featured Story – GETTING TO THE ROOT OF BENI IMO”, in The Hawaiʻi Herald, archived from the original on 2022-01-28:


Mannin

The Isle of Man; an island and Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea.


Ellan Vannin

Poetic, literary or affectionate name for the Isle of Man; an island and Crown dependency of the United Kingdom in the Irish Sea.


Red Leicester

A mild, firm English cheese, orange in colour, resembling cheddar.


Greater Hebrides

Collectively, the islands off the west coast of Scotland, divided into the Inner Hebrides and the Outer Hebrides.


Engerland

/ˈɪŋɡəˌlænd/


Scotlander

A person from Scotland or of Scottish descent; a Scot.


Irelander

A person from Ireland or of Irish descent.


Englander

From England + -er. Compare Saterland Frisian Änglounder (“an Englishman”), German Engländer (“an Englishman”), Danish englænder (“an Englishman”).

cog

A person from England or of English descent.


United Irelander

en-noun

United Irelander (plural United Irelanders)

An Irish nationalist advocating a United Ireland.


Britishism

Britishism (countable and uncountable, plural Britishisms)

A word, phrase, idiom, or expression peculiar to the English language as spoken in Britain.

The practice of British religion or culture.


Tinos

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Τῆνος (Tênos).


Spetses

A village in Greece located on an homonymous island.


St. George's Cross

A red cross on a white background, also called the Cross of St George. This pattern has been associated with Saint George since medieval times.

聖ゲオルギウス十字

せいゲオルギウスじゅうじ


St. Andrew's Cross

St. Andrew's Cross (plural St. Andrew's Crosses)

Saint Andrew's cross
Saint Andrew's cross#English

Alternative spelling of Saint Andrew's cross


Southern Ireland

The short-lived autonomous region of the United Kingdom established on 3 May 1921 and dissolved on 6 December 1922, superseded by the Irish Free State.


Kingdom of England

United Kingdom of Great Britain
United Kingdom of Great Britain

A kingdom in western Europe, until the foundation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain on 1 May 1707.


Kingdom of Scotland

A kingdom in western Europe, until the foundation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain on the First of May 1707.


Fraser Island

Named after James and Eliza Fraser, who were shipwrecked there in the 1830s.

A World Heritage island located along the southern coast of Queensland, Australia, approximately 300 kilometres north of Brisbane.


Grampians

Grampian (disambiguation)
Grampian Mountains

A region in western Victoria, Australia.


Skyros

An island in Greece, in the Sporades administered by Euboea or Evia.


tenpence

(rare, British, Ireland) A coin worth ten new pence.


Lombok

Holonym: Lesser Sunda Islands

West Nusa Tenggara
West Nusa Tenggara#English

An island in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia.


Phuket

Borrowed from Thai ภูเก็ต (puu-gèt), ultimately from Pattani Malay بوكيت (bukit, “mountain; hill”).

cog

The capital city of Phuket province, Thailand


Chioggia

From Italian Chioggia, ultimately from Latin Clodia, a former Roman settlement.


stannary parliament

en-noun

stannary parliament (plural stannary parliaments)

(historical) A legislative body, with royal charter, governing the tin miners of Devon and Cornwall during the middle ages.


stannator

(historical) The mayor of Plympton, in Devon.


stannary town

(British) A town considered to be the administrative centre of a stannary region in Devon and Cornwall


Changzhou

/t͡ʃæŋ.d͡ʒoʊ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 常州 (Chángzhōu).

An island in Huangpu district, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.


Trindade

An island in the Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of southeastern Brazil.


SCP

(genre): An initialism of special containment procedures. Not an initialism of the SCP Foundation’s motto, secure, contain, protect, which is a backronym from SCP.

init

(law) Initialism of Senior Crown Prosecutor.

SCP Breakout is an SCP experience based on the horror genre of the same title.

If you start reading or just heard about SCP and the writing community. This is the book to start reading.

2021, Grace Anderson Wilson, Terrifying SCP Horror Stories:

(fandom slang) A genre of science fiction horror consisting of quasi-scientific reports on the capture, containment, and attempted study of a variety of supernatural entities by the fictional shadow organization known as the SCP Foundation.


Tudor rose

(heraldry) A heraldic emblem of England, formed from the red rose of Lancaster and the white rose of York.


10 Downing Street

(UK politics) The address of the residence in London of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.

[…] explicitly clear, in the way that 10 Downing Street has made it clear in the case of city academies, that it is perfectly legitimate to put people in the House of Lords […]

2006, Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: Public Administration Select Committee, Propriety and Honours: Interim Findings; Fourth Report of Session 2005-06, volume 29, →ISBN, page 23:

(by extension, metonymically) The government of the United Kingdom.


Fenian

Blend of Irish féinne or fianna, plural of fiann (“soldier”), the name of a legendary band of Irish warriors, and Old Irish Féne or Féni, legendary settlers of Ireland. First attested from 1816.

taig

Irish Catholic or supporter of Celtic F.C

(British, Ireland) An Irish nationalist or republican.

(historical) A member of the Fenian Brotherhood or the Irish Republican Brotherhood, Irish republican organizations active in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

fenià

It was sound advice for anyone visiting Northern Ireland in 1999 and remains so today: do not refer to Protestants as “Prods”, or to Catholics as “Fenians” or “Taigs”, and whatever you do don’t refer to your visit as “being out here”.

[2023 August 23, Rory Carroll, “Files reveal terms ministers were warned not to use in Northern Ireland”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(derogatory, Scotland and Northern Ireland) A Catholic, especially one of Irish ethnicity or descent.

(derogatory, Scotland and Northern Ireland) A supporter of Scottish association football club Celtic F.C.


Kerkira

From the Greek name, Κέρκυρα (Kérkyra). Doublet of Corcyra.


Saint Barthélemy

An island and overseas collectivity of France in the Caribbean.


leprechology

(rare) Alternative form of leprechaunology


Westmans

The Westman Isles, Vestmannaeyjar, an archipelago of Iceland.


South Sandwiches

The South Sandwich Islands, an archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean.


Broken Britain

2010 February 22, Jay Z, quoted in "Jay-Z Claims Britain Is 'Broken'", MTV News
People are calling it Broken Britain, so there's obviously a problem. The rise of the BNP is also a problem.

PRINCE Charles weighed into the debate on Broken Britain yesterday, warning of the risks of ordinary citizens being stabbed while trying to stop litter louts.

2010 March 19, Richard Palmer, “Prince Charles: Tackle a lout and you risk a stabbing”, in Daily Express:

A year ago, amid the London riots, people were entitled to wonder if Mr Cameron had a point about Broken Britain.

2012 August 11, Alistair Campbell, “London Olympics have redefined how Britain sees itself”, in CNN:

(informal, derogatory) Britain (viewed as a crime-ridden state where society and common sense have failed)


Wokingham

Meaning "home of the people of Wocca", apparently a Saxon chieftain. In Victorian times, it was known as Oakingham, and the acorn with oak leaves is the town's symbol.

A market town and civil parish with a town council in Berkshire, England (OS grid ref SU8168).


White Hart Lane

A road between High Road, Wood Green N22, and Tottenham High Road, N17, and a railway station in this road at the Tottenham end. The stadium (which was in the High Road) could have been named after either or both.


Sutton

en-proper noun

Sutton (countable and uncountable, plural Suttons)

From Old English suþ (“south”) + tun (“town”).

Sutton Lane Ends
Sutton Lane Ends#English

A number of places in England, including:

A civil parish in Cheshire East, Cheshire, which includes the village of Sutton Lane Ends.

Merrimack County
Merrimack County#English

A number of places in the United States:

A town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire.

A census-designated place in Griggs County, North Dakota.


House of Keys

Disputed. Possibly from keys (a Latin document from 1417 refers to Claves Mann and Claves Legis: the Keys of Mann and the Keys of Law); possibly from Norse verb kjósa, "to choose"; possibly from the Manx term kiare as feed, "twenty-four", because the House has always had 24 members.

(Isle of Man) The lower house of Tynwald, the Isle of Man parliament.


Parliament

Alternative letter-case form of parliament, a specific parliament, particularly that of England or the United Kingdom.


Londonderry

From London + Derry, its name until the early 17th century when by decree of a charter granted by James I to a group of London merchants the current name was imposed.

County Londonderry
Londonderry (disambiguation)

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

One of the six traditional counties of Northern Ireland, known as County Londonderry or County Derry.


Krk

From Serbo-Croatian Krk, from Latin Curicta and Ancient Greek Κυρικτική (Kuriktikḗ).

An island in the Adriatic Sea, off the coast of Croatia


Cape Breton

A cape in Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia, Canada

Cape Breton Island
Cape Breton Island#English

Cape Breton Regional Municipality
w:Cape Breton Regional Municipality

Ellipsis of Cape Breton Regional Municipality. A regional municipality of Cape Breton island, Nova Scotia, Canada

Cape Breton Regional Municipality

British North America
British North America#English

(historical) A former colony of Cape Breton, British North America


TfL

Christian Wolmar, the transport historian and prospective Labour mayoral candidate, gives qualified approval to the idea that TfL is a hotbed of innovation.

2014 August 13, Gwyn Topham, “Open data and driverless buses: how London transport heads to the future”, in The Guardian:

Transport for London
w:Transport for London


Severnaya Zemlya

From Russian Се́верная Земля́ (Sévernaja Zemljá, “Northern Land”).

uder

Се́верная Земля́

An archipelago in the Arctic Ocean in the north of Russia, Krasnoyarsk krai, off Taymyr Peninsula.


Franz Josef Land

The first reported finding was in the 1873 Austro-Hungarian North Pole Expedition led by Julius von Payer and Karl Weyprecht, who named the area after Emperor Franz Joseph I.

An archipelago in the Arctic Ocean in the north of Russia, north of Novaya Zemlya, east of Svalbard.


North Frisian Islands

A group of islands in the Wadden Sea, a part of the North Sea, off the western coast of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.


New Siberian Islands

An archipelago in the Arctic Ocean in the north of Russia, in the East Siberian Sea.


ABC Islands

Aruba, Bonaire and Curaçao, the three westernmost islands of the Leeward Antilles in the Caribbean.


Senkaku Islands

Partial calque from Japanese 尖閣諸島(せんかくしょとう) (senkakushotō) / 尖閣群島(せんかくぐんとう) (senkakuguntō) / 尖閣列島(せんかくれっとう) (senkakurettō).

There are, however, localities where small skipjack are caught throughout the year such as in the Senkaku Islands off Miyako.

1950 [1940 December 4], Masamitsu Ōshima, “A symposium on the investigation of tuna and skipjack spawning grounds”, in Spawning Grounds of Tuna and Skipjack, Fish and Wildlife Service, →OCLC, page 5:

Japanese geologists reported that huge oil deposits had been discovered in the area of the Senkaku Islands in the East China Sea during a survey conducted June 4 to July 13.

1970, 1969 News Dictionary, Facts on File, →ISBN, page 233:

Although the problem of who owned some small islands between Taiwan and Okinawa (the Senkaku Islands) was easily disposed of, Japan’s continued de facto connections with Taiwan were more difficult to reconcile with the Peking relationship.

1975, J.A.A. Stockwin, “Issues of Foreign Policy and Defense”, in Japan: Divided Politics in a Growth Economy, 2nd American edition, New York: W. W. Norton & Company, published 1982, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 265:

At the same press conference, King also reiterated the nation's sovereignty over Tiaoyutai, or Senkaku islands, as the Japanese call them.
"The Republic of China's sovereignty over the island group shall not be affected by any measure taken by any party," he said.
King condemned the Peiping regime for offering to prospect for resources around the islands in cooperation with Japan.

1979 July 8, “ROC keeps watch on situation of Nicaragua”, in Free China Weekly, volume XX, number 26, Taipei, page 1:

On September 11, Japan announced it had nationalised three of the Senkaku islands, generating outrage in China, where a Communist Party Congress opened last week to put in place new leaders who will face the challenge of re-engaging with Japan.

2012 November 11, Antoni Slodkowski, Junko Fukita, Kimiteru Tsuruta, Kevin Krolicki, “How debts and double-dealing sparked Japan-China islets row”, in Ron Popeski, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2016-03-06, World:

It is absurd to suggest that the Japanese government “dismisses as partial the terms of the 1951 San Francisco Peace Treaty.” The Senkaku Islands were not included in the territories which Japan renounced under the treaty. They were placed under the administration of the United States as part of the Japanese Nansei Islands. The article’s suggestion that resources might be the reason behind Japan’s claim ignores the fact that it was China that suddenly began to make its territorial claims on the Senkaku Islands in the 1970s, only after a United Nations report indicated the potential existence of oil reserves in the area. Until then, China had not contested Japan’s sovereignty for over 70 years.

2015 February 1, Sumio Kusaka, “Japan and Its Territorial Claims”, in The New York Times, archived from the original on 2015-03-03, Opinion Letters:

Japan sees China’s increasingly assertive military activity in the East and South China seas as a threat in some of the world’s busiest sea lanes.
Japan is especially concerned about Chinese military and coast guard activity in the East China Sea near the Japanese-controlled Senkaku islands, which China also claims and calls Diaoyu.

2022 April 25, Mari Yamaguchi, “Japan to send envoy to Solomons amid worry over China pact”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-04-25:

A chain of islands in the Sakishima islands of Ishigaki, Okinawa prefecture, Japan, in the East China Sea (claimed by China and Toucheng Township, Yilan County, Taiwan (ROC)).


Westman Islands

A partial calque of Icelandic Vestmannaeyjar, from Old Norse Vestmannaeyjar.

An archipelago off the south coast of Iceland


Sint Maarten

A dependent territory and constituent country of the Netherlands, located on the southern half of the island of Saint Martin in the Caribbean Sea. Capital: Philipsburg.


Aleutian Islands

/ˌæliːˈuːʃən ˈɑɪlændz/

An archipelago of more than three hundred small volcanic islands forming an island arc in the Northern Pacific Ocean, between Alaska and the Kamchatka Peninsula of Asia; part of the United States.


Imbros

island of Turkey in the north-eastern Aegean Sea


Nicobar Islands

Borrowed from Tamil நக்கவரம் (nakkavaram) + islands.


Boris bike

After former Mayor of London Boris Johnson, associated with the launch of the hire scheme.

Alan Waller, a sustainability analyst, says he is happy to be followed to the gym, provided the bikes are not referred to as "Boris bikes". "The scheme was secured under Ken Livingstone," he says. "Boris took all the credit. I try not to call them Boris bikes."

[2014 July 26, Paula Cocozza, “A day in the life of a London Boris bike”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

London’s blue “Boris bikes” are to be painted red under a seven-year sponsorship deal with Santander worth around £7m a year, it has been announced.

2015 February 27, Gwyn Topham, “‘Boris bikes’ to be painted red under Santander deal”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(UK, informal) A bicycle offered for hire in London, England as part of a bike-share scheme launched in 2010.


Goli otok

A barren island off the northern Adriatic coast of Croatia, formerly used as a political prison.


Krakatoa

a volcanic island made of ʻaʻā lava in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in Indonesia


Sunda

Indonesian Pasundan (“former Sunda Kingdom area such as West Java, Banten and western Central Java”)

uder

Sunda Islands, a group of islands in the western part of the Malay archipelago


Midlander

The Midlanders will hope the victory will kickstart a campaign that looked to have hit the buffers, but the sense of trepidation enveloping the Reebok Stadium heading into the new year underlines the seriousness of the predicament facing Owen Coyle's men.

2011 December 10, Marc Higginson, “Bolton 1 - 2 Aston Villa”, in BBC Sport:

A native or inhabitant of the English Midlands.


Karakelong

the chief island of the Talaud Islands north east of Sulawesi, Indonesia


Bunguran

A small archipelago in Indonesia, located in the South China Sea


Banggai

an archipelago located at the far eastern end of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia


Legundi

an island in the Sunda Strait between Java and Sumatra


Saint David's Day

The feast day of Saint David, patron saint of Wales, celebrated in Wales on March 1.

Gouel Dewi

the feast day of Saint David, patron saint of Wales


Hans Island

A small island in the Nares Strait between Greenland and Canada, claimed by both Canada and Denmark.


Lolland

The fourth-largest island of Denmark, located in the Baltic Sea.


Fehmarn

An island in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, in the Baltic Sea.


Strait of Gibraltar

A strait between Spain and Morocco, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.


Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

The small islands and atolls in the Hawaiian island chain located northwest (in some cases, far to the northwest) of the islands of Kauai and Niihau.


Laysan

Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
Northwestern Hawaiian Islands

One of the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands.


Formentera

Ultimately from Latin frūmentārium (“granary”).

Balearic Islands
Balearic Islands#English

One of the Balearic Islands of Spain, south of Ibiza.


black Irish

The same usage still prevails among the vulgar as in the phrases, ‘black Irish’, ‘black Dutch’, describing certain well known types of Celts and Teutons (Hollanders, probably), differing widely from the prevailing type of either race in respect of their black eyes and hair, and gypsy-like, tawny complexions.

1875 December, American Bibliopolist, p. 260

Those are the Black Oirish an' 'tis they that bring dishgrace upon the name av Oireland.

1888, Joseph Rudyard Kipling, Soldiers Three, page 84:

An Irish person or person of Irish descent with dark hair, eyes, and skin.


Belgravian

en-adj

Belgravian (comparative more Belgravian, superlative most Belgravian)

more Belgravian (comparative)
most Belgravian (superlative)


Rota

Northern Mariana Islands
Northern Mariana Islands#English

An island in the Northern Mariana Islands.


Scilly Islander

en-noun

Scilly Islander (plural Scilly Islanders)

A person from the Scilly Islands; a Scillonian.


(UK, rail transport) Initialism of High Speed 1, a high-speed railway between London and the Channel Tunnel.


St James's Palace

The office of the sovereign of the United Kingdom.


Cullen skink

From Cullen (“a village and former royal burgh in Moray, Scotland, United Kingdom”) + skink (“(originally) pottage or soup made from a boiled joint of beef; pottage or soup made from other ingredients”).

CULLEN SKINK (Smoked Haddock Soup) […] Cullen is a fishing village and "skink" is the old Scots name for broth. It is a splendid soup, just right for wintry weather, especially in this modern version. […] Christopher Oakes, head chef of the Castle Hotel in Taunton, Somerset, has put together two traditional Scots soups, Cullen Skink (Smoked Haddock) and Cock-a-Leekie (Chicken Soup), to produce an interesting new soup.

1986, Elisabeth Lambert Ortiz, “Soups”, in From the Tables of Britain: Exploring Exciting English Cuisine in 250 Recipes, Lanham, Md., London: M. Evans, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, pages 102–103:

In Scotland he had no trouble eating haggis, stovies or Cullen skink. He still had trouble with porridge, however, and when it crept up on him disguised under the name of Highland Brose and containing cream, honey and whisky, it was transformed into a powerful emetic.

1992, Geoff Nicholson, chapter 5, in The Food Chain, Woodstock, N.Y.: The Overlook Press, →ISBN:

[…] Cullen skink is to the Hebrides what clam chowder is to New England. In fact, it's very similar to clam chowder, the main difference being that instead of clams, Cullen skink calls for smoked haddock.

2006 March, David Lansing, “HopScotching the Inner Hebrides”, in Christine Richard, editor, Islands, Winter Park, Fla.: Islands Media Corp., →OCLC, page 92, column 2:

Like most traditional Scottish cooking, Cullen skink is simple, rib-sticking fare made from a handful of ingredients. It starts with a smoked haddock, known locally as a finnan haddie. The fish is gently poached in milk with onions, then flaked. The bones may go back into the pot for simmering to make the base of the soup. The strained broth is then thickened with mashed potato, a delicious way for a cook to use up last night's leftovers. […] With the North Sea winds rattling the windows, there is comfort in a bowl of Cullen skink.

2007, “Soups and Salads”, in 1001 Foods to Die For, Kansas City, Mo.: Andrews McMeel Publishing, →ISBN, page 124:

A thick soup made of smoked finnan haddock, milk, onions, and potatoes, a local speciality of Cullen in Moray, Scotland.

קאלן סקינק

thick soup made of smoked haddock, milk, onions, and potatoes


Anglo-Celtic Isles

The British—Irish Council is a current constitutional innovation of great significance to pan-Celticism, a potential shift of the geopolitical centre of gravity of the Anglo-Celtic isles for the first time since the establishment of the Irish Republic.

2002, David Harvey, Celtic geographies: old culture, new times, page 241:


Samsø

An island in Denmark, lying within the Kattegat.


Flores

From Portuguese Flores, from flores (“flowers”).

An island in Azores, Portugal, in the North Atlantic.

Holonym: Lesser Sunda Islands

East Nusa Tenggara
East Nusa Tenggara#English

An island in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, located east of Java.


Euston

It was replaced by a New Euston, "bold in design and layout and in keeping with a new railway era". Betjeman was unmoved, describing it tersely as "no masterpiece" and noting that its lack of platform seating made it an "inhuman structure" which seemed to ignore passengers.

2023 February 8, Greg Morse, “Crossing the border... by Sleeper”, in RAIL, number 976, page 45:

(rail transport) A large railway station in central London (OS grid ref TQ2982).

A village and civil parish (without a council) in West Suffolk district, Suffolk, England, previously in St Edmundsbury district (OS grid ref TL8979).

A small town in Balranald Shire, southern New South Wales, Australia.


Bai

From Chinese 白 (Bái). Doublet of Bach (Vietnamese surname).


claybeg

From Scottish Gaelic claidheamh beag (literally “small sword”). First attested in 1825 as Clay-beg.

bor

When Sir Walter Scott speaks, prior to 1715, of the inferiority of the claymore to the rapier, he refers not to the claybeg or Andrew Ferrara, now worn by the officers and sergeants of the Highland corps, and which has usurped the venerable name of the ancient Scottish weapon.

1835, letter to the editor of The United Service Magazine, page 109

(historical) The Scottish broadsword used during the Early Modern period.


Lipari

en-proper noun

Lipari (countable and uncountable, plural Liparis)

The largest of the Aeolian Islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea off the northern coast of Sicily, southern Italy.


Highland Gaelic

The Scottish Gaelic language, as distinguished from the now defunct dialects of Lowland Gaelic.


Tameside

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Greater Manchester
Greater Manchester#English

A metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England.


Rochdale

From the River Roch + dale, although recorded in the Domesday Book (1086) as Recedham (homestead with a hall), which became Rachedal by 1195 (valley of the River Roch).

A town and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England.


Trafford

Trafford (countable and uncountable, plural Traffords)

From Old English træppe (“(fish)-trap”) + ford.


Greater Manchester

John Stalker, Deputy Chief Constable of Greater Manchester, England, was asked to go to Northern Ireland to investigate killings by security forces of six unarmed men in three separate incidents in a five-week period in 1982.

1991, Human Rights Watch, Human rights in Northern Ireland, page 71:

For example, of the thousand or so textile factories that survive in Greater Manchester, among the most tangible reminders of the country's leading role in the Industrial Revolution, only 100 (10 percent) are listed.

2001, Ismail Serageldin et al., Historic cities and sacred sites: cultural roots for urban futures, page 251:

In the post-family phase, growth rates are less than the national average, with a degree of localised growth in the industrial towns of Greater Manchester, West Lancashire and districts of North Cheshire though not in Merseyside.

2004, K.K.Sharma, Tourism and Regional Development, page 166:

A metropolitan county in northwest England comprising the cities of Manchester and Salford, and the metropolitan boroughs of Bolton, Bury, Oldham, Rochdale, Stockport, Tameside, Trafford and Wigan. Greater Manchester borders Merseyside, Cheshire, Lancashire, West Yorkshire and Derbyshire


Oldham

Oldham (countable and uncountable, plural Oldhams)

Domesday Book
Metropolitan Borough of Oldham
Oldham (disambiguation)#Other meanings

Recorded as Aldehulme in the Domesday Book, the English toponym is named with Old English eald (“old”) + Old Norse holmr (“holm, islet”).

A town and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England (OS grid ref SD922053).

Tishomingo County
Tishomingo County#English

An unincorporated community in Tishomingo County, Mississippi, United States.

An unincorporated community in Boone County, Missouri, United States.

Kingsbury County
Kingsbury County#English

A minor city in Kingsbury County, South Dakota, United States.


Salford

Salford (countable and uncountable, plural Salfords)

From Old English sealh (“willow, sallow”) + ford (“ford”).

City of Salford
Salford (disambiguation)

A city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England (OS grid ref SJ8098).

West Oxfordshire
West Oxfordshire#English

A village and civil parish in West Oxfordshire district, Oxfordshire, England (OS grid ref SP2828).

(countable) A habitational surname from Old English.


Bury

Bury (countable and uncountable, plural Burys)

The place name means "fort," from Old English burg. Doublet of borough, Brough, and burgh.

Bury
Bury (surname)
Bury, Greater Manchester

A village and civil parish in Huntingdonshire district, Cambridgeshire (OS grid ref TL2883).

A town and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester.

Somerset West and Taunton
Somerset West and Taunton#English

A hamlet in Brompton Regis parish, Somerset West and Taunton district, Somerset (OS grid ref SS9427).

A village and civil parish in Chichester district, West Sussex (OS grid ref TQ0113).

A place in England:
Short for Bury St Edmunds.


Stockport

Stockport (countable and uncountable, plural Stockports)

From Old English stoc (“house, dwelling; place”) + port (“port; market town”).

der

A market town and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, England (OS grid ref SJ8990).

Van Buren County
Van Buren County#English

An unincorporated community in Delaware County, Indiana.


procurator fiscal

en-noun

procurator fiscal (plural procurators fiscal)

There was word of the procurator fiscal taking note of his doings, and troth, if they had continued long he must have fled the country.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

For Lothian and Borders Police, the early-morning raid had come at the end one of biggest investigations carried out by the force, which had originally presented a dossier of evidence on the murder of Jodi Jones to the Edinburgh procurator-fiscal, William Gallagher, on 25 November last year.

2004 April 15, “Morning swoop in hunt for Jodi's killer”, in The Scotsman:

For other notifications that do not meet the investigative threshold, RAIB may respond by writing a letter to the industry and issuing a press statement, taking no further action, or in the event of a fatality writing a letter to the coroner or the procurator fiscal (in Scotland) containing a summary of evidence.

2021 December 29, Paul Stephen, “Rail's accident investigators”, in RAIL, number 947, page 32:

A local coroner and public prosecutor in Scotland.


Camdenite

A native or inhabitant of any of the four Camden counties in the United States.

A native or inhabitant of Camden in London, England.


Wearsider

The result may not quite give the Wearsiders a sweet ending to what has been a sour week, following allegations of sexual assault and drug possession against defender Titus Bramble, but it does at least demonstrate that their spirit remains strong in the face of adversity.

2011 October 1, Phil Dawkes, “Sunderland 2 - 2 West Brom”, in BBC Sport:

Someone from Wearside, from around Sunderland.


Dundee cake

Dundee cake (countable and uncountable, plural Dundee cakes)

A traditional rich fruit cake of Scotland.


Woking

Saddle Hills County
Saddle Hills County#English

A hamlet in Saddle Hills County, Alberta, Canada.


Orkneyan

en-adj

Orkneyan (comparative more Orkneyan, superlative most Orkneyan)

more Orkneyan (comparative)
most Orkneyan (superlative)

The Orkneyan skerries

1845 January, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “Seaweed”, in Graham's Magazine:


Orkneyan

A native or inhabitant of the Orkney Islands.


Adak

Andreanof Islands
Andreanof Islands#English

Aleutians West Census
Aleutians West Census#English

Aleutian Islands
Aleutian Islands#English

Ellipsis of Adak Island.; An island in the Andreanof Islands, Aleutians West Census, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, United States


Londonism

en-noun

Londonism (countable and uncountable, plural Londonisms)

A way of speaking, or a word or phrase particular to London, England.


Saronic Islands

A group of Greek islands located in the Saronic Gulf in the south-east Ionian Sea at the opening to the Aegean Sea.


Kythira

An island of Greece in the south-east Ionian Sea at the opening to the Aegean Sea.


Thasos

An island in Greece, in the northern Aegean Sea.


Cephalonia

/ˌsɛfəˈləʊniə/

/ˌkɛfəˈləʊniə/

“An idea, a vision, the change of the policy towards the protection of the night sky as a natural resource, as well as the enthusiasm of people of Kefalonia towards the magic of the dark sky led to the declaration of Aenos National Park as the first Dark Sky Park of Greece,” said Michalis Xanthakis, Deputy Head of Management Unit of Zakynthos and Ainos National Parks and Protected Areas of the Ionian islands.

2023 June 9, DarkSky International, Aenos National Park named first International Dark Sky Park in Greece:

An island of Greece in the eastern Ionian Sea, the largest of the Ionian Islands.


Zakynthos

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ζάκυνθος (Zákunthos). Doublet of Zante.

An island in Greece in the Ionian Sea, the third largest of the Ionian Islands.

زَاكِينْثُوس

Greek island, the third largest of the Ionian Islands


Bismarck Archipelago

A group of islands off the coast of New Guinea.


Commander Islands

a group of Russian islands near Kamchatka Peninsula in the Russian Far East, in the Bering Sea.


Pictish

The extinct, poorly attested language spoken by the Picts.


Orangeism

The principles or beliefs of the Loyal Orange Institution, commonly known as the Orange Order.


Manx cat

A domestic cat of a breed that is native to the Isle of Man, principally characterized by suppression of the tail, and with a short-haired coat and a medium-sized, rounded, cobby body.


Jeju-do

An island and self-governing province in South Korea.


Fenianism

Fenianism (countable and uncountable, plural Fenianisms)

The principles, purposes, doctrines, or beliefs of the Fenians.

Fíníneachas

principles, purposes, and methods of the Fenians


BES Islands

Caribbean Netherlands
Caribbean Netherlands

Bonaire, Sint Eustatius, and Saba; the Caribbean Netherlands.


Toryism

Toryism (countable and uncountable, plural Toryisms)


Marquesas Islands

a group of volcanic islands in French Polynesia


Samothrace

From Latin Samothrācē, from Ancient Greek Σαμοθρᾴκη (Samothrā́ikē, “Samian Thrace”), from Σᾰ́μος (Sámos, “Samos”) + Θρᾴκη (Thrā́ikē, “Thrace”), from the island's early Greek colonizers and the general ancient territory in which it lay.


Gran Canaria

An island in the Canary Islands, capital city Las Palmas.


Lanzarote

An island in the Canary Islands, with capital Arrecife.


Tower Bridge

A bascule bridge in London crossing the River Thames, built in the late 19th century


Wallis Island

An island in the Pacific Ocean within Wallis and Futuna.


Teague

From the Irish first name Tadhg. Cognate with English taig (“A Catholic”). Compare Mick and Paddy.

Freestone County
Freestone County#English

A city in Freestone County, Texas, United States.


Veglia

From Italian Veglia, from Venetan, from Vegliot Dalmatian Vicla, possibly from Vulgar Latin vecla (“old”).

Veglia has many harbours; but these are subjected to frequent storms, and unfit for large vessels.

1843, John William Norie, New sailing directions for the Adriatic sea, or Gulf of Venice, Charles Wilson, page 16

The southwestern one, between San Marco and Veglia, is too narrow except for small vessels under favorable circumstances.

1917, United States Hydrographic Office, Mediterranean Pilot: The southeast of Italy, the shores of the Adriatic and Ionian Seas to Cape Matapan, Hydrographic Office under the authority of the secretary of the navy, page 254:

One of the moſt conſiderable of theſe is Plavnich, which lies between the iſland of Veglia and that of Cherſo.

2007 (originally 1778), Abbe Alberto Fortis, Travels Into Dalmatia, Cosimo, Inc., page 499

(dated) Krk, a Croatian island in the Adriatic Sea.


Scotticism

But Scott's veneration for the past reached its highest and most shrewd and intelligent form in his Scotticism.

1859, David Masson, British Novelists and their Styles:

A phrase or idiom peculiar to Scotland or Scottish people.


The 26 counties of the Republic of Ireland and the 6 counties of Northern Ireland together make a single United Ireland.


Welshland

From Welsh + land. Compare Old English wēalland (“foreign country, Normandy”). Cognate with German Wälschland (“Italy”, literally “foreign-land”), German Welschland (“French-speaking Switzerland”).

cog

It is now practically established that the legend emanated from the Kymri, spreading from "Welshland" through Cornwall into the Welsh-speaking colony of Brittany upon the opposite shore.

But I have opposed them, and think to withsay, for I have been steward of all Britain's land, and earl I am potent, unlike to my companions, and I have Welshland half-part in my hand; more I have alone than the others all clean.

1996, Wace, Eugene Mason, Layamon, Arthurian chronicles:

Welshland: Now called Wales, Welshland lay just west of Mercia and was made up of Celts that held many different lands, which included place names like Gwent and Gwynedd.


Paracel Islands

ABOUT the third day out we passed the dreaded Macclesfield Bank, which, with the adjacent Paracel Islands and reefs, forms a pretty trap for the careless or unskilful navigator.

1897, Carlton Dawe, Captain Castle: A Tale of the China Seas (Fiction), London: Smith, Elder, and Co., →OCLC, →OL, page 31:

The Republic of China has reiterated its sovereignty over the Nansha and Hsisha Islands (Spratly and Paracel Islands).

1976 June 6, “ROC reiterates ownership of southern islets”, in Free China Weekly, volume XVII, number 22, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1:

Gales in the South China Sea, off Guangdong's east coast and near the Paracel Islands, were forecast to reach moderate magnitudes of 6-7 but the wind in some parts of the sea could be stronger, the forecasters said.

2022 June 29, Beijing newsroom, Hong Kong newsroom, Liz Lee, “Typhoon may be forming ahead of Hong Kong handover anniversary”, in Robert Birsel, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-06-29, China:

A group of South China Sea islands administered under Sansha, Hainan, China, as Xisha (claimed by Taiwan (ROC) and Vietnam).


Spanish Virgin Islands

A group of islands near Puerto Rico, west of the U.S. Virgin Islands, separated by a channel from them, under the administration of Puerto Rico. They are part of the Virgin Islands chain but not part of the Virgin Islands archipelago, being separated by the Virgin Passage channel.


Nantucket

From Massachusett Natocke, Nantican, Nautican, roughly translating as "in the middle of waters".

A resort island south of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, United States, formerly a major whaling port.


Cornish fairing

en-noun

Cornish fairing (plural Cornish fairings)

A traditional ginger biscuit from Cornwall, England, originally sold at fairs.


Dumfries and Galloway

A council area of Scotland, one of 32 created in 1996, formerly a region created in 1975 from the counties of Dumfriesshire, Kirkcudbrightshire and Wigtownshire.


Falkirk

Inherited from Middle English Faukirke, from Old English fāg (“multicoloured”) + ċiriċe (“church”), a calque of Middle Irish Eiglesbrec (literally “speckled church”), probably ultimately from Cumbric. The l is first attested in the 15th century, likely a hypercorrection under Scots influence by analogy with terms such as wall (Scots wa). Compare Medieval Latin Varia Capella (“Falkirk”).

cog

A council area of Scotland, one of 32 created in 1996, and previously a local government district in Central Region (1975–1996).


Lutetia

An ancient Roman city and island in modern France; modern Paris.


Ebeye

→ German: Ebeye

→ Marshallese: Ibae

Originally a phonetic respelling of German Ebeje, with j mispronounced as if a German word, from Marshallese Ebeje, the older orthographic spelling of Epjā. Later on, re-pronounced as if an English word, leading to modern Marshallese Ibae.

Marshall Islands
Marshall Islands#English

The most populous island of Kwajalein atoll, Marshall Islands.


Malvinas

Borrowed from Spanish Malvinas, itself from French Malouines.

Argentina might be granted political sovereignty over the Malvinas in return for acknowledging Britain's right to participate in the economic development of the islands and the islanders' right to continue their way of life.

1988, Lowell S. Gustafson, The Sovereignty Dispute Over the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 106:

The EU is not in a situation to express any position on the Falklands/Malvinas, as there has not been any council [of member states]^([sic]) discussion or decision on this matter.

2023 July 19, Nadeem Badshah, quoting Peter Stano, “Islas Malvinas: EU signs deal using Falklands’ Argentine name”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(uncommon, see usage notes) The Falkland Islands, the Falklands: An archipelago and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, located in the South Atlantic.


Wrangel Island

Named after Baltic German explorer Baron Ferdinand von Wrangel. See Wikipedia article on Wrangel Island for explanation.

named-after

An island in Russia, in the Arctic Ocean, between the Chukchi Sea and East Siberian Sea.


Príncipe

From Portuguese Príncipe, from príncipe (“prince”), after the Prince of Portugal, from Latin prīnceps (“leader”).

São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe

an island which forms part of São Tomé and Príncipe


Pantelleria

/ˌpæntəˈlɛəɹiə/

/ˌpʌntəˈlɛəɹiə/

Borrowed from Italian Pantelleria, from Sicilian Pantiddirìa, from Arabic بِنْتُ الرِّياح (bintu ar-riyāḥ, “daugther of the winds”), perhaps through a dialectal Arabic form with a genitive particle (equivalent to a theoretical Maltese *bint tar-rjieħ, *bint tal-irjieħ).

der

بِنْتُ الرِّياح

An inhabited volcanic island belonging to the province of Trapani, Sicily, between Italy and Tunisia.


Åland Islands

A region of Finland. Swedish speaking group of islands between Finland and Sweden.


Cymro-

The root of the Cornish language was the same as that of the Welsh language, but largely amalgamated with the Saxon; […] Every vestige of this old Cymro-Saxon jargon has however past away, except it be indeed the use of a few pronouns decidedly Saxon.

1838 March, Sylvanus Urban (pseudonym), review of The Parochial History of Cornwall, in The Gentleman’s Magazine, volume IX, page 274

They moved to Rhydlewis, just to the west of Llandysul, where he spent what appears to have been a poor (his mother was expelled from chapel for not paying her dues) and unhappy childhood, falling foul of the Cymrophobic education system of the time.

2004, Jim Perrin, Travels with the Flea... and Other Eccentric Journeys, →ISBN:

Formerly Mr Driscoll held court at that bastion of Welsh nationalism, The Cayo Arms, on Cardiff’s Cathedral Road, where he could be consulted on any matter concerning Cymro-Irish relations as long as an element of rugby football was included in the conversation.

2010 July 15, Graham Henry, “Irish 'consul' holds court at new HQ”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), Western Mail:


Cambro-

[T]hough a good Cambro-Briton as I hope, and properly Zealous for my Countrys Glory, I have lived too long in England not to laugh when reading of Madog and Fadog and Cywrgie […].

1795 November 19, Hester Lynch Piozzi, Thraliana:

History proves that for centuries the Anglo-Saxons fought, formed treaties, intermarried with the Cymbric race [...] They even themselves passed through intermixture out of the properly Anglo-Saxon into the Cambro-Saxon phase, constituting in fact a new race.

1868, Thomas Nicholas, The Pedigree of the English People, page 442:

In present-day Colloquial Welsh borrowed nouns retain noun plurals in the exact shape that they occur in Cambro-English; for example (in north-western areas): [kondəktərs] 'conductors', loris 'lorries'.

1993, Martin John Ball, James Fife, The Celtic Languages, →ISBN, page 311:


Wirral

From the Old English Wirheal, from wir (“myrtle”) and heal (“corner”), referring to the bog myrtle once found there.

(often with "the") A peninsula between the River Dee and River Mersey in England.

A metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England.


Wirralian

en-adj

Wirralian (comparative more Wirralian, superlative most Wirralian)

more Wirralian (comparative)
most Wirralian (superlative)

There is no place called Wirral: it is purely a hundred name. Undeniably the people of that part are a clique with a Wirralian outlook.

1938, Edmund Vale, How to see England, page 20:

2008 June 2, Stephen Baxter, A personal reflection on a Wirralian life, Liverpool Daily Post

From or pertaining to the Wirral peninsula.


Redonda

From Spanish redonda (“round”), from earlier Spanish Santa Maria la Redonda. Coined by Spanish explorer Christopher Columbus. The island is named for its rounded shape.

coin

Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda#English

An island and dependency of Antigua and Barbuda.


Queen Charlotte Islands

Named by George Dixon, who surveyed the archipelago in 1787, after one of his ships, the Queen Charlotte, which itself was named in honour of Queen Charlotte, wife of George III of the United Kingdom.

Îles de la Reine-Charlotte

archipelago off coast of British Columbia


Haida Gwaii

Modern coinage used by the Haida people since the 1970s, from the Haida language, meaning "Islands of the People." The archipelago, which had previously been known as the Queen Charlotte Islands (being first identified on maps with this name in 1790), was officially renamed Haida Gwaii by the British Columbia government on June 3, 2010.

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

An archipelago off the northwest coast of British Columbia, Canada.


Langkawi

An island in the Andaman Sea off the coast of and in the state of Kedah, Malaysia.


Church of Ireland

The Anglican church body active in Ireland (both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland).


Mangareva

The Polynesian language of the Gambier Islands.


Mono

Uncertain. The Monache, a related ethnic group, seems to derive their name from a common source as the Mono, as -chi occurs otherwise in the Yokutsan and Miwok languages as a relatively common suffix on tribal names.


English oak

en-noun

English oak (countable and uncountable, plural English oaks)

Quercus robur
Quercus robur#Translingual

(countable, uncountable) A tree of the species Quercus robur, native to most of Europe, and to Anatolia to the Caucasus, and also to parts of North Africa.


smoked Irishman

smoked Irishman (plural smoked Irishmen)

From the joint low status of blacks and the Irish in Britain and the United States during the 19th century.

The smoked Irishmen — the colored (no one says black; few even say Negro) — represent change and instability, kids who cause trouble in school, who get treatment that your kids never got, that you never got.

"We get fairly good salaries, and this is a good neighborhood, one of the few good ones left. We have no smoked Irishmen around."

1972, John C. Livingston, Robert G. Thompson, The dissent of the governed: readings on the democratic process:

When asked about his Irish name, and how he came by that, McCracken replied "I's smoked Irish, Judge, just another smoked Irishman."

2010, Loren Avey, The Pole Creek Crossing, page 214:

(derogatory, ethnic slur, dated) A black man.


Antrim

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

A county in northeastern Northern Ireland.


Diaoyu Islands

Partial calque from Mandarin 釣魚島／钓鱼岛 (Diàoyúdǎo).

zh-l

釣魚島／钓鱼岛 (Diàoyúdǎo)

When Japan annexed the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands in 1895, it detached them from Taiwan and placed them under Okinawa Prefecture. Moreover, the Japanese name “Senkaku Islands” itself was first introduced in 1900 by academic Kuroiwa Hisashi and adopted by the Japanese government thereafter. Half a century later when Japan returned Taiwan to China, both sides adopted the 1945 administrative arrangement of Taiwan, with the Chinese unaware that the uninhabited “Senkaku Islands” were in fact the former Diaoyu Islands. This explains the belated protest from Taipei and Beijing over U.S. administration of the islands after the war.

2012 September 19, Han-Yi Shaw, “The Inconvenient Truth Behind the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-06-11, The Opinion Pages:

Beijing and Tokyo are involved in sovereignty disputes over the Diaoyu Islands, known as Senkaku in Japan, in the East China Sea.

2017 February 4, “China to crack down on use of leanness enhancers in cattle and sheep”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2017-02-04:

China’s Taiwan refers to Taiwan province (including Taiwan Island, Orchid Island, Green Island, Diaoyu Island and its affiliated islands, and the Penghu Islands) and Fujian province’s Jinmen, Mazu, Wuqiu and other islands, with a total land area of 36,000 square kilometers.

[2020 July 28, Taiwan Affairs Office, “Basic facts about Taiwan”, in State Council of the People's Republic of China, archived from the original on 2020-07-31:

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

A chain of islands in the East China Sea: the People's Republic of China (mainland China) name.


Spratlys

Taiwan, like mainland China, lays claim to 53 rocks, shoals and reefs in the South China Sea known as the Spratly Islands. The Spratlys are also claimed by Malaysia, Brunei, the Philippines and Vietnam. The claims wouldn’t be taken too seriously except that there is possibly oil under these islands, which has led to the area becoming heavily fortified. The largest islet in the Spratly chain is occupied by Taiwan’s military.

1994 July, Robert Storey, “Facts about Taiwan”, in Taiwan - A Travel Survival Kit, 3rd edition, Lonely Planet, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 13: