Jiading

The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 嘉定 (Jiādìng, literally “Commendable Order”), after one of the era names under Emperor Ningzong of the Song Dynasty.

bor

Kia-ting (alternative)
Chia-ting (alternative)
Chiating (alternative)

Seven satellite towns are currently being built outside Shanghai based on European models. "German Town" will be situated in Anting Town, Jiading District, home to an international automotive center.

2004 April 20, “Architect Sheds Father's Legacy in China”, in Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2016-04-14, Culture:

Supporters insist the series is growing in China, noting that attendance at the Chinese GP has picked up since 2010 when F1 boss Bernie Ecclestone accused local organizers of not promoting the race "properly" and suggesting no one in Shanghai would have known a race was taking place.[…]
Local firms in Jiading district near the track are eager to capitalize, and those tied to the automotive industry are running electric car demonstrations and other activities to draw fans.

2013 April 10, Michael Casey, “Formula One slow to catch on in China”, in USA Today, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-04-11:

The Shanghai prosecutor’s office said in a statement that prosecutors from Shanghai’s Jiading district brought the cases against 10 defendants, including some connected to Husi’s facilities in Shanghai and Hebei province.

2015 October 2, “China charges 10 with repackaging, selling old meat”, in AP News, sourced from BEIJING (AP), archived from the original on 2025-04-07:


Songjiang

The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 松江 (Sōngjiāng, literally “Pine River”).

Sung-chiang (alternative)
Sungkiang (alternative)

The explosion rocked the Riteng Computer Accessory Co., a wholly owned subsidiary of Pegatron, in Shanghai’s Songjiang district.[…]
Wu told the AP in China: “Our hearts go out to the people who were hurt in Songjiang. We are working closely with Pegatron to understand the cause of this accident.”

2011 December 20, Hayley Tsukayama, “Report: Apple partner Pegatron under scrutiny after blast”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2011-12-20, Tech:

A statement issued Monday by the Shanghai government and posted on its Web site said that there were piglets in the river as well as adult swine weighing hundreds of pounds. Residents in the Songjiang district, the area southwest of downtown Shanghai where most of the pigs have been discovered, said this was not the first time they had seen dead pigs in the Huangpu.

2013 March 11, Edward Wong, “Thousands of Dead Pigs Found in Chinese River”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-03-11, Asia Pacific:

A district of Shanghai, China, located along the Grand Canal and formerly the principal city of the region.


Taiping

From Mandarin Chinese 太平 (Tàipíng, literally “Great Peace, Great Pacified Region”).

Tai-ping (alternative)
Tai-p'ing (alternative)
T'ai-p'ing (alternative)
Tai Ping (alternative)

In Taiwan province, a gathering attended by 10,000 people was held at Pingling military camp in Taiping village, Taichung county.

1981 April 5, “Youths in ROC vow to carry out national goals”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXII, number 13, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4:

In tracing the history of the cases, it found that a 60-year-old female patient in Taichung's Taiping District Xinguang Borough began experiencing symptoms including fever in mid-August.

2018 September 6, M. Chuang, “登革熱再增7病例 中市6例.高市1例 [CDC Confirms Seven New Dengue Fever Cases]”, in Public Television Service, archived from the original on 2018-09-07:

Various districts, towns, townships, mountains, and islands in China, Taiwan, and Malaysia.


Nanshan

From Mandarin Chinese 南山 ("South Mountain"; "any southern mountain, hill, range, or island").

for Japanese placenames derived from the same characters

for Korean placenames derived from the same characters

In the election on May 9, Chen Huibin won, but the other candidate, Wu Haining, cried foul. As Chen was preparing for a five-year term as the local delegate, starting with the fourth Nanshan District People’s Congress held on May 27, Wu claimed the election was fraudulent and reported it to the Shenzhen and Nanshan District People’s Congress Standing Committee.

2003 June 13, Ivy Zhang, “Was the Right Person Elected?”, in Beijing Today, number 108, →OCLC, page 8, column 1:

Shenzhen’s Nanshan District is scattered with state-of-the-art high-rises, impressive corporate headquarters, government buildings, five-star hotels, and fancy shopping malls.

2012, Behzad Yaghmaian, The Accidental Capitalist: A People's Story of the New China, Pluto Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 160:

On Tuesday, the Shenzhen Nanshan District Court sentenced Wang Jianmin, 63, to five years and three months in jail and Guo Zhongxiao, 41, to two years and three months, Wang’s lawyer, Chen Nansha, said.[...]
The Shenzhen Nanshan District Court, district government and foreign affairs office did not immediately respond to a request comment. The Hong Kong police said arrests in mainland China were outside of their jurisdiction.

2016 July 26, Tris Pan, Lindsy Long, Sharon Shi, Clare Baldwin, “Two Hong Kong magazine executives jailed in China - lawyer”, in Robert Birsel, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-07, World News:

Various towns, districts, and subdistricts of China.

A district of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, across Deep Bay from Hong Kong.


Gushan

From the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese 鼓山 (Gǔshān, "Drum Mountain").

Kushan (alternative)
Ku-shan (alternative)

Groups supporting the recall of Kaohsiung City Mayor Han Kuo-yu also organized a vigil in Kaohsiung. They marched through Gushan District and released sky lanterns to mourn victims and pray for Hong Kong.

2020 June 5, C. Chuang, “Vigils Marking June 4 Held in Taipei, Kaohsiung [悼念六四31週年 北燭光晚會.高放天燈]”, in Public Television Service, archived from the original on 2022-09-24:

罷韓團體昨天也在高雄鼓山區舉行"六四撐香港"遊行，隊伍沿著鼓山區臨海二路，走到鐵道園區，並且施放天燈，一同追悼六四，為香港祈福，為高雄加油。

The accident occurred at around 12 p.m. on the intersection of Gushan 2nd Road and Beidou Street in Kaohsiung's Gushan District.

2023 September 12, Tsai Meng-yu, James Lo, “Woman on scooter runs red light, crashes into Kaohsiung light rail tram”, in Focus Taiwan, archived from the original on 2023-09-13, Society:


Gaya

Borrowed from Hindi गया (gayā), from Sanskrit गया (gayā).


Lauenburg

From German Lauenburg, which see for details.

The District of Duchy of Lauenburg, a district in Schleswig-Holstein.


Lüneburg

Borrowed from German Lüneburg, which see.

Lunenburg (alternative)
Luneburg (alternative)
Lueneburg (alternative)


Jaén

The Spanish city name likely derives from Arabic جَيَّان (jayyān), from Latin Villa Gaiena.


Giresun

Borrowed from Turkish Giresun, from Ottoman Turkish گیرهسون (Giresun).


Junagadh

Borrowed from Gujarati જૂનાગઢ (jūnāgaḍh).


Ashford

From Old English æscet (“a clump of ash trees”) + ford or, alternatively, from æsc (“an ash tree”) + ford. Equivalent to ash + ford.

The Borough of Ashford, a local government district with borough status of Kent, formed in 1974, with its headquarters in the town.

A number of places in England:
A town in Kent (OS grid ref TR0142).


Ungava

A peninsula and district in northern Quebec, Canada.


Valenzuela

From Spanish Valenzuela. As a surname, originated in Castile and León in Spain. The city in the Philippines is named after Filipino revolutionary Pio Valenzuela.

named-after

A town and district of Cordillera department, Paraguay.


Uttara Kannada

From Kannada ಉತ್ತರ (uttara, “north”) + ಕನ್ನಡ (kannaḍa, “Kannada”), presumably a translation of the older name for the region, North Canara.

A district of Karnataka, in southwestern India, with administrative headquarters at Karwar.


Lambeth

en-proper noun

Lambeth (countable and uncountable, plural Lambeths)

The name is recorded in 1062 as Lambehitha, from Old English lamb (“lamb”) + hȳþ (“hithe, landing-place”), and in 1255 as Lambeth. Equivalent to lamb + hithe.

(uncountable) A London borough of Greater London.


Langya

National Day in China is like the Fourth of July at home — firecrackers and fireworks, picnics and outings, patriotic speeches and all the pomp that circumstance can muster. For the foreign experts at Nanjing University it meant an all-day outing to Mount Langya in Anhui Province.

1985 October 1, James Friend, edited by Beverly Friend, China Journal: A World of Difference, volume I, Lincolnwood, Ill.: Friendly Books, published 2008, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 93:

Risesun Real Estate Development Co Ltd
* Says unit signed cooperative development framework agreement with Langya Mountain scenic area management committee
* Says two entities mainly cooperate on construction of service economy demonstration area in Langya Mountain scenic area

2017 August 9, “BRIEF-Risesun Real Estate Development unit signs cooperative development framework agreement”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-15, Financials:


Tamworth

Tamworth
Tamworth pig
Tamworth, Staffordshire

A local government district with borough status of Staffordshire with its headquarters in the town.


Liwan

A district of Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.


Soest

Borrowed from German and Dutch Soest respectively.

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

A town and rural district of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.


Chaoyang

Translingual: chaoyangensis

/(ˈ)t͡ʃaʊˈjæŋ/

Peiping's public security bureau has been paralyzed by mob actions, according to an intelligence report reaching Taipei.
The report said that since the Tienanmen uprising last April 6 each branch of the city's security bureau has been raided by mobs three to five times.
The Chaoyang branch of the bureau received the brunt of the mob attacks, the report said. It was visited by angry rioters nine times in a single month, and 14 of its officials were killed.

1977 March 6, “Mobs raid offices of public security bureau”, in Free China Weekly, volume XVIII, number 9, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:

Six new cases were found in Beijing's central districts of Chaoyang and Haidian. China is seeing a spike in cases due to domestic travel in the past month.

2021 November 11, “Coronavirus digest: Germany reports new record-high case numbers”, in Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2021-11-12:

Seventy people have tested positive in Beijing since Friday. In the capital’s fashionable Chaoyang district, home to most of those cases, the government initially ordered all 3.5 million residents to take three P.C.R. tests over the next five days.

2022 April 25, Nancy Wartik, “China and the World Wait”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-04-25, Briefing:

Beijing reported 50 local cases on Thursday, a day after it said people in Chaoyang, its most populous district, should work from home.[…]
But Feng Yinhao, a massage parlour employee in Chaoyang district, said Beijing was "still normal" compared to the country's largest city, Shanghai.

2022 May 5, “Millions in Beijing urged to work from home to fight Covid”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2022-05-05:

Any of several towns, cities and districts in China:


Chaoyang

/(ˈ)t͡ʃaʊˈjæŋ/

Dr. R. E. Worley was appointed to this work in 1903, but his devoted, self-sacrificing service was brief, for in the summer of 1907 he was drowned while crossing Swatow Bay after his regular weekly visit to Chaoyang, where he had a dispensary.

1907, Missions in China, Boston, Mass.: American Baptist Missionary Union, →OCLC, page 46:

A district of Shantou, Guangdong, China.


Udaipur

A city and district in Rajasthan, India.


Anju

'This is the worst drought I've ever experienced,' said Nie Zhongchang, a 61-year-old peasant in Anju district, Suining , one of the worst-hit cities in Sichuan. 'All the paddies have dried up.'

2006 August 22, Bill Savadove, “Rainfall brings only brief respite to drought-hit regions”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-07-24:

On June 3, 2011, in Buyun Town (Anju District, Suining, Sichuan), four candidates for secretary of the township Party committee were elected by more than 150 representatives of Party members, people and village officials graduated from universities and colleges through secret ballot.

2012, chapter 10, in The Strength of Democracy: How will the CPC march ahead, China Intercontinental Press (五洲传播出版社), →ISBN, →OCLC, page 264:


Sinop

From Turkish Sinop and Ottoman Turkish سنوب (Sinop), from Byzantine Greek and Ancient Greek Σινώπη (Sinṓpē), from Hittite 𒅆𒉡𒉿 (Šinuwa).


Santa Isabel

A corrigimiento and district in Colón province, Panama.


Cantagalo

São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe#English

An administrative district of São Tomé and Príncipe.


Jining

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 集寧 /集宁 (Jíníng).

Chi-ning (alternative)
Tsining (alternative dated)

Vatican spokesman Matteo Bruni confirmed Tuesday that Monsignor Antonio Yao Shun had received a papal mandate. He was therefore legitimately consecrated bishop of Jining, in Inner Mongolia, at a ceremony Monday.

2019 August 27, “First Chinese bishop consecrated with pope’s OK after deal”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-03-07:

A district of Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China; a former county-level city of Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China.

集寧 /集宁

district of Ulanqab, Inner Mongolia, China


Mau

A city and district of Azamgarh division, Uttar Pradesh, India.


Bayburt

Unadapted borrowing from Turkish Bayburt.


Bimini

From the Lucayan Taíno, meaning "two islands".

A district of the Bahamas, the westernmost district.


San Salvador Island

Christopher Columbus
San Salvador Island
voyages of Columbus

From Spanish isla San Salvador, given by Christopher Columbus in thanks to Jesus Christ for surviving his first voyage. The identity of the Bahaman island that currently bears the name with Columbus's island is still highly contested. The Ecuadorian island was renamed in honor of Columbus's in 1892 as part of the quadricentennial celebration of his voyage.

San Salvador (alternative)
Salvador (alternative)


Muang Sing

Lao ເມືອງສີງ (mư̄ang sīng). Compare Thai เมืองสิงห์.

cog

Thai เมืองสิงห์

A small town and district of Luang Namtha Province, Laos.


Watford

en-proper noun

Watford (countable and uncountable, plural Watfords)

Watfords (plural)
Wadford (alternative surname)

From either Old English wæt (“wet”) or wāþ (“hunting, chase”) + ford (“ford”).

A town and borough in Hertfordshire, England (OS grid ref TQ1196).


Mesudiye

A town and district of Ordu Province, Black Sea region, Turkey.


Tamsui

From romanization of Hokkien 淡水 (Tām-súi); internationally conventional translation.

To this time the Dutch had kept two garrisons in the North of Formosa, one of which was at Fort Kelang, taken from the Spaniards ; the other was at a place called Tamsui, about ten leagues to the westward of Kelang.

1813, James Burney, A Chronological History of the Discoveries in the South Sea or Pacific Ocean, volume 3, London: Luke Hansard and Sons, page 257:

Being driven off Taewan by a heavy gale, she ran to the northward, and, when the gale moderated, found herself off the town of Tamsui (Tanshuy), near the northernmost end of the island.

1837 May, “Coast of China”, in The Chinese Repository, volume VI, number 1, page 11:

SIR: I have the honor to report that the governor of Formosa, Lin Ming-Chuan, has made a contract with Messrs. Jardine, Matheson & Co., for the supply by the latter of rails, rolling stock, and bridge for a narrow-gauge, light-weight railway of 80 miles in length.
The line is to be from Tamsui to Changhua, the future capital of the island. The only stream to bridge is the Taikia River. It will be spanned by a lattice girder bridge in two sections, of a joint length of 1,400 feet.

1888, Mr. Denby to Mr. Bayard (Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the United States for the Year 1887), number 179, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, page 224:

After the war between Great Britain and China, which culminated in 1860 in the Treat of Tientsin, two Formosan ports, Takau and Tamsui, were thrown open to foreign trade in accordance with provisions in that treaty, and British subjects and missionaries were to be allowed safe-conducts in the island.

1902, Archibald Ross Colquhoun, The Mastery of the Pacific, Macmillan Company, →OCLC, →OL, page 385:

The Japanese have made extensive preparations for the defense of Formosa and the Pescadores. [For a description of the Pescadores and a map, see THE INDEPENDENT for February 16th.] The Pescadores Islands have been supplied with provisions and ammunition for two years and heavy guns mounted in strategic positions. In Formosa the ports of Keelung and Tamsui are strongly protected by mines. The garrison is estimated at 15,000 men. The island is declared to be under martial law and in a state of siege.

1905 May 18, “The War on Sea and Land”, in The Independent, volume LVIII, number 2946, page 1096:

According to the British Consul at Tamsui, the output of coal in Formosa in 1918 was 801,520 tons.

1919 December, “More Coal in the East”, in South African Mining and Engineering Journal, page 163:

It is widely believed that as many as 300,000 American troops are soon to arrive. Young Formosans who have served with United States forces in the Philippines and elsewhere are frequent visitors, seeking employment with the expected American troops. At one time 16 called in a body. No criticism has yet been heard of this anticipated influx of American forces. Some rumors allege that 1,600 men have already landed at the river port of Tamsui.

1947 January 10, Ralph J. Blake, REPORTS ON THE SITUATION IN FORMOSA (TAIWAN), PARTICULARLY RESPECTING FORMOSAN DISSATISFACTION WITH ADMINISTRATIVE POLICIES OF THE CHINESE GOVERNMENT (Foreign Relations of the United States 1947), volume 7, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, page 424:

Shu Lin Kou Station, usually referred to as Linkou, is situated on a mountain plateau approximately 16 miles northwest of Taipei, the capital of the Republic of China. It is a few miles southwest of the Tamsui River and about five miles from the China Sea.

1970 May 4, “China Yearbook 1969-1970”, in The Hallmark, volume 3, number 5, China Publishing Co., page 8:

The engineering unit on Sept. 10 successfully placed the third and last arched beam, weighing 1,750 metric tons with a length of 166 meters, utilizing the tidal current on the Tamsui River. On the east side of the river, the 539-meter-long bridge meets the highway that runs between Taipei and Tamsui.

1983 September 18, “Unique Kuantu Bridge To Open In October”, in Free China Weekly, volume XXIV, number 37, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1:

Board a bus or subway car here, and you may well see images of the troupe’s dancers emblazoned on the sides. Visit the popular Tamsui district and you may catch a glimpse of the company’s gleaming new $22 million home, which opened officially in April.

2015 September 11, Amy Qin, “Cloud Gate Dance Theater: A Roving, Bounding Symbol of Taiwan”, in New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-09-13:

That evening, the conference banquet was held at a restaurant in the Tamsui District.

2018, Brooks Davis, “Conference Report”, in FreeBSD Journal, page 24:

The Mackay Memorial Hospital in Tamsui, New Taipei City, on Wednesday (June 2) reported 13 asymptomatic cases of COVID-19.

2021 January 6, Matthew Strong, “Taiwan’s Mackay Memorial Hospital reports 13 asymptomatic COVID cases”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2021-06-02:

A church in Tamsui, north of Taipei, whose congregants are mostly from Hong Kong live-streamed a prayer session in commemoration of those who died.

2022 June 4, Vic Chiang, “Tiananmen vigils gain prominence in Taiwan as Chinese threat looms”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-06-04, Asia:

A district of New Taipei City, northern Taiwan.

Tamsui District Office light rail station


Haimen

Borrowed from Mandarin 海門／海门 (Hǎimén, literally “sea gate”).

At the mouth of the Yangtze, population-density on the island of Tsungming and the peninsula Haimen reaches an exaggerated figure, the one of 1475, the other of 700 inhabitants per square kilometre.

1926, Paul Vidal de La Blache, translated by Millicent Todd Bingham, Principles of Human Geography, London: Constable Publishers, published 1959, →OCLC, page 76:

Japanese authorities served notice today that they intended to land troops at Haimen, 200 miles down the coast from Shanghai, later tomorrow in a new move to tighten the China coast blockade.

1939 February 17, “JAPANESE TO SEIZE NEW COASTAL AREA; Foreign Shipping Is Warned of Move to Tighten Blockade South of Shanghai FRENCH IN HANKOW CLASH Gunboat to Aid Americans at Kuling--Invaders Shifting North in Guerrilla Fight”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-10-20, page 13:

The article by the cadres and commune members of the (Chunghsing) production brigade of (Tahsing) people's commune in Haimen County reveals that the correct method of work cannot be differentiated from the correct method of thinking and the correct world outlook, The method of work promoted by Chairman Mao is one of dialectic materialism.

1969 November 10 [1969 November 9], “Articles of Dialectic Materialism Hailed”, in Daily Report: Communist China, volume I, number 218, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Nanking Kiangsu Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →OCLC, Communist China: East Region, page C 15:

The Holy See was informed "a few days ago" of the decision by China to transfer Bishop Shen Bin from Haimen, in the Jiangsu province, to the diocese of Shanghai, the Vatican said.

2023 April 4, Crispian Balmer, “Vatican says China has unilaterally appointed bishop to Shanghai”, in Raissa Kasolowsky, Jonathan Oatis, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-04-05, World:

A district of Nantong, Jiangsu, China; a former county-level city and former county of Nantong, Jiangsu, China.

海門 /海门

district of Nantong, Jiangsu, China; former county-level city and county of Jiangsu, China


Richmond upon Thames

London Borough of Richmond upon Thames
Richmond, London

A London borough in Greater London, the only one on both sides of the Thames; incorporating parts of both Surrey and Middlesex.


Hounslow

London Borough of Hounslow
Richard Hounslow


Hammersmith and Fulham

A London borough of Greater London, England.

London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham


Wandsworth

Partly derived from the River Wandle, which flows through the town and into the Thames.


Havering

A London borough on the east side of Greater London.


Hillingdon

A London borough on the west side of Greater London.


Harrow

From Old English hearg (“altar; grove, temple”), from Proto-Germanic *harugaz.

inh

Harrow School
Harrow, London
London Borough of Harrow


Bexley

From Old English byxe (“box tree”) + leah (“wood”), equivalent to box + -ley (“lea”).


Newham

A London borough in eastern Greater London, England, comprising East Ham and West Ham.


Redbridge

A London borough in north-east Greater London.


Waltham Forest

A London borough in northeastern Greater London, which comprises Chingford, Leyton and Walthamstow.


Tower Hamlets

A London borough in the East End, Greater London.


Haringey

Variant of Harringay. First recorded in 1864. Doublet of Hornsey.

A London borough in northern Greater London.


City of Westminster

A city and London borough in central Greater London.


Harlow

From Old English hær (“rock”) or here (“army”) + hlæw (“hill”).

A town and local government district of Essex, England.


Albula

Albula Region, an administrative district of Grisons canton, Switzerland, which replaced Albula District in 2017.


Boquete

Boquete District, a district of Chiriquí province, western Panama.


Buchan

North-Eastern Aberdeenshire is divided into the districts of Formartine and Buchan.

1956 January, H. A. Vallance, “Northwards from Aberdeen”, in Railway Magazine, page 11:

An administrative district in Aberdeenshire council area, Scotland.


Kalaburagi

Borrowed from Kannada ಕಲಬುರಗಿ (kalaburagi).

bor+

An Indian city and district located in the southern state of Karnataka.


Golaghat

/ˌɡoːlɑːˈɡʱɑːt/

/ˈɡoʊləˌɡɑːt/

Borrowed from Assamese গোলাঘাট (gülaghat).

A district of Assam with headquarters at Golaghat.


Hat Yai

A district of Songkhla Province, Thailand.


Bristole

(obsolete) Bristol, a city, county, and unitary authority in southwest England.


Olomouc District

The Olomouc District is situated in Central Moravia.

2011, “Olomouc”, in Czech Republic Export-Import and Business Directory, volume 1, Washington, D. C.: International Business Publications, page 69:

A district of the Czech Republic. Capital: Olomouc.


Lichfield

en-prop

Lichfield (countable and uncountable, plural Lichfields)

From Old English Old English Liċetfeld, from Latin Letocetum, from a Proto-Brythonic place-name meaning "greywood" (c.f. Welsh llwyd + coed), with feld (“field”) added later.

A local government district of Staffordshire, England, formed in 1974, with its headquarters in the city.


Tewkesbury

From Old English personal name *Tēodec, genitive case *Tēodeces + byriġ, dative singular of burh (“fort”).

A local government district with borough status in Gloucestershire, formed in 1974 and with its headquarters in the town.


Rotherham

en-proper noun

Rotherham (countable and uncountable, plural Rotherhams)

Rotherhams (plural)
Rotheram (alternative surname)
Rudrum (alternative surname)

From Rother (“a river in South Yorkshire”) + Old English hām (“homestead, estate”).

Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham
Rotherham

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

A large town and metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England (OS grid ref SK4392).


Sevenoaks

A local government district of Kent, England.


Tunbridge Wells

A local government district with borough status in Kent, the Borough of Tunbridge Wells, formed in 1974, with its headquarters in the town.


Horsham

A local government district in West Sussex formed in 1974, with its headquarters in the town.


Brentwood

From Middle English brende (“burnt”) + wode (“wood”).

A local government district with borough status in Essex, formed in 1974.


Maldon

A local government district in Essex formed in 1974, with its headquarters in the town.


Stockton-on-Tees

Borough of Stockton-on-Tees
Stockton-on-Tees

A borough created in 1974 as part of Cleveland County, becoming a unitary authority in 1996 within Tees Valley region, and split between the ceremonial counties of County Durham and North Yorkshire. The River Tees acts as the boundary between the two halves.


Bolsover

A local government district of Derbyshire.


Bromsgrove

A local government district of Worcestershire, formed in 1974, with its headquarters in the town.


Burnley

From Brun (a river name meaning "brown") + Old English lēah (“meadow, clearing”).

A local government district with borough status of Lancashire, formed in 1974, with its headquarters in the town.


Gravesham

A borough of Kent, England. The main town is Gravesend.


Thurrock

A unitary authority and borough of Essex, England.


Redditch

A town and local government district with borough status in Worcestershire, England (OS grid ref SP0467).


Windsor and Maidenhead

A royal borough of Berkshire, England, comprising those two towns and the surrounding area.


Wychavon

Coined in 1973 from Wych (Hwicca, a Saxon Kingdom) and Avon (“river”).

A local government district of Worcestershire, comprising the towns of Droitwich, Evesham, and Pershore and surrounding rural areas.


Chorley

A market town and borough of Lancashire, England.


Sefton

A metropolitan borough of Merseyside, England.


Teignbridge

A local government district of Devon, England.


South Hams

Presumably from Old English ham (Etymology 1)


Broxtowe

A local government district with borough status in Nottinghamshire, England.


Erewash

A local government district with borough status in Derbyshire, England.


Newcastle-under-Lyme

From Newcastle + Proto-Celtic *limos (“elm”).

A market town and borough of Staffordshire, England.

Borough of Newcastle-under-Lyme
Newcastle-under-Lyme


Cherwell

/ˈt͡ʃɑːɹwɛl/

/ˈt͡ʃɜːɹwɛl/

A local government district in northern Oxfordshire, England, named after the river.


Dacorum

Originally from Latin, named after the historic hundred of Dacorum.

A local government district with borough status of Hertfordshire, England.


Malvern Hills

Hereford and Worcester
Hereford and Worcester

A local government district of Worcestershire, England, which was in Hereford and Worcester from creation in 1974 until 1998.


Wyre Forest

A local government district of Worcestershire, England.


Wyre

A local government district with borough status in Lancashire, which is named after the river.


Pendle

From Proto-Brythonic *penn ("head, top") + Old English hyll (“hill”).

A local government district with borough status in Lancashire, England.


Fenland

A local government district of Cambridgeshire, England.


Broadland

A local government district of Norfolk, England, named after the Norfolk Broads.


Babergh

A local government district of Suffolk, England, named after the old Babergh hundred.


Ashfield

A local government district of Nottinghamshire, England.


Test Valley

Centred on the valley of the River Test.

A local government district with borough status of Hampshire, England.


Amber Valley

A local government district with borough status of Derbyshire, England.


Torridge

A local government district in Devon named after the river.


Vale of White Horse

A local government district of Oxfordshire, England, named after the region. Originally a part of Berkshire.


Uttlesford

A local government district in northwestern Essex, England.


Epping Forest

A local government district in Essex, England.


Elmbridge

Named after the old Elmbridge Hundred, derived from Old English Amele (a former name of the river Mole) + brycġ (“bridge”).

A local government district with borough status in northern Surrey, England.


Spelthorne

A local government district with borough status of Surrey, England, comprising the part of Surrey north of the River Thames that was in Middlesex until 1965. It includes the towns of Ashford, Shepperton, Staines and Sunbury-on-Thames.


Banda

A city and district of Chitrakoot division, Uttar Pradesh, India.


Thanet

Inherited from Middle English Thanet, Tanet, from Old English Tænett, Tenet, from Brythonic (compare Latin Tanatus, Old Welsh Tanat).
Initial th- is due to an erroneous connection to Ancient Greek θᾰ́νᾰτος (thắnătos).

A local government district which includes the Isle of Thanet in Kent, England.


Guntur

A district and city in Andhra Pradesh, India.


Anantapur

From Sanskrit अनन्त (ananta, “endless, boundless, eternal, infinite”) + Telugu పురము (puramu, “city, town”).

der

A city and district of Andhra Pradesh, India.


Hannan

zh-l

漢南／汉南 (Hànnán)

In five years, a large agricultural sightseeing zone will emerge in Hannan District of Wuhan City. The project was launched early this year.
Hannan District, surrounded by three rivers — the Yangtze River,[...]

2001, Beijing Review, volume 44, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 29:

When an elderly Wuhan man in a wheelchair pushed his sick wife into the Yangtze River and killed her on her request, he never thought he would be a murderer.[…]
Still, the Hannan district court sentenced the 70-year-old to four years of jail for euthanasia in August.

2013 August 13, Chris Luo, “Man, 70, deemed murderer by court after killing sick wife in euthanasia case”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-09-26:

For the understanding convenience, in this study, we took the facet figure spot data of the land use status data sets collected in Hannan district of Wuhan city as an example, referred the uniformity treatment flow scheme and introduced the basic steps and the related principles of application of FEM and its expended modules MyFME to conduct uniformity treatment.

2015, H.B. Zhang, Y.H. Wang, Z.Z. Guo, “Consistent handling approach on multi-temporal land use status data with various differences”, in Zhenqi Hu, editor, Legislation, Technology and Practice of Mine Land Reclamation, CRC Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 68, column 2:

There are three procedures including data preprocessing, tag, and modeling. The first step is the preprocessing including extracting information from the database of land in Hannan district, Wuhan city, Hubei province, China. Next, some parameters and features are calculated.

2017, X F Xun, L F Mo, H X Tao, “Prediction of the unused land for construction based on multi-classifier fusion”, in Ahmed Mebarki, editor, Civil Engineering and Urban Planning: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Civil Engineering and Urban Planning (CEUP2016), →ISBN, →OCLC, page 241:

“He had been hiding it from me and my mom. He wouldn’t talk to us about his physical condition,” said his daughter Yang Jingjing, who had been quarantined in her apartment in Wuhan’s Wuchung district after returning from her parents’ home across town in the Hannan district. “I just want to find my dad.”[...]
Yang Yuanyun was last seen by a police surveillance camera on the southern bank of the Yangtze River, near Shamao Town in the Hannan district.

2020 February 29, Xiao Yu, Shih-Wei Chou, “A Month in Locked-Down Wuhan: A Father's Death, a Sleepless Volunteer and Pressure”, in Voice of America, archived from the original on 2022-05-01, COVID-19 Pandemic:


Epsom and Ewell

A local government district with borough status in Surrey, England, named after the two main towns.


Kuang

In 1958, the Xiawudu Farm 下五渡农场 of the Kuangqu Commune 矿区公社 of Yangquan City 阳泉市 founded a kindergarten.

[2016, Han Xiaoli, “From Busy-Season Childcare Centers to Full-scale Kindgergartens—Rural Childcare Organizations in Shanxi Province in the 1950s”, in Agricultural Reform and Rural Transformation in China since 1949, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 148:


San Patricio

A town and district of Misiones department, Paraguay.


Wittenberg

North German surname, from the place in Germany (see below).

A town and rural district of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.


Mid Devon

A local government district of Devon, England.


East Cambridgeshire

A local government district of Cambridgeshire, England, based in Ely.


East Lindsey

A local government district of Lincolnshire, England, based in Horncastle with the largest town being Skegness.


Derbyshire Dales

A local government district of Derbyshire, England, renamed from West Derbyshire in 1988.


Rother

en-prop

Rother (countable and uncountable, plural Rothers)

# For the river in South Yorkshire: Probably 'the chief river', from Middle English Roder, from Proto-Brythonic *ro + Old Welsh *duβr.
# For the river in West Sussex: Back-formation from Rotherbridge.
# For the river in East Sussex: Back-formation from Rotherfield. Replaced Middle English Liminel, which is cognate with River Limden.

A local government district in East Sussex created in 1974, which is named after the river in East Sussex.


Rochford

en-proper noun

Rochford (countable and uncountable, plural Rochfords)

From Middle English Rochford, from two sources in Old English, both of which eventually converged into the modern form:
# 'The rook ford' or 'Rook's ford', from Old English hrōc (“rook”), genitive plural hrōca + ford, or else from Old English personal name Hrōc, genitive singular Hrōces + ford (respectively).
# 'Ford of the hunting dogs', from Old English ræċċ (“hunting dog”), genitive singular ræċċes (the vowel later assimilated to that of Old French roche (“rock, cliff”)) + ford.

A local government district in Essex, named after the town of Rochford.


Halton

Halton (countable and uncountable, plural Haltons)

* (Halton, Ontario, Canada): Named after William Mathew Halton, a British colonial bureaucrat in Upper Canada.

The Borough of Halton, a unitary authority and borough in Cheshire, England, formed in 1974.


Cheshire West and Chester

A unitary authority and borough of Cheshire, England, created in 2009 when Ellesmere Port and Neston district, Vale Royal district and the City of Chester were abolished.


West Oxfordshire

A local government district of Oxfordshire, England.


South Gloucestershire

A local government unitary authority area in Gloucestershire, England created in 1996 on the abolition of the county of Avon. It is not administered as part of Gloucestershire, although historically part of that county.


North Tyneside

A metropolitan borough on the north side of the River Tyne in Tyne and Wear, England.


Gonda

A city and district of Devipatan division, Uttar Pradesh, India.


North West Leicestershire

A local government district of Leicestershire, England.


South Kesteven

A local government district of Lincolnshire, England.


North Lincolnshire

A unitary authority and borough in the traditional county of Lincolnshire, England, created in 1996 on the abolition of the county of Humberside.


South Derbyshire

A local government district of Derbyshire, England.


South Cambridgeshire

A local government district of Cambridgeshire, England. The district completely surrounds the City of Cambridge, which is governed independently by its city council.


Gedling

A local government district with borough status in Nottinghamshire, which was named after the village.


East Suffolk

A local government district in Suffolk, formed on 1 April 2019 on the merger of Suffolk Coastal and Waveney districts, with its headquarters in Melton, Suffolk.


West Suffolk

A local government district in Suffolk formed on 1 April 2019 on the merger of Forest Heath and St Edmundsbury districts. Its headquarters are in Bury St Edmunds.


South Tyneside

A metropolitan borough on the south side of the River Tyne in Tyne and Wear, England.


Arun

A local government district of West Sussex, England.


East Hampshire

A local government district of Hampshire, England, with its headquarters in Petersfield.


North Devon

A local government district of Devon, England, with its headquarters in Barnstaple.


Cheshire East

A unitary authority and borough of Cheshire, England, created in 2009 with the amalgamation of the boroughs of Macclesfield, Congleton and Crewe and Nantwich.


Kirklees

Named after a medieval village and priory that no longer exist.

A metropolitan borough of West Yorkshire, England, created in 1974.


South Staffordshire

A local government district of Staffordshire, England, created in 1974.


South Oxfordshire

A local government district of Oxfordshire, England, created in 1974.


Jiao

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 郊 (Jiāo).

The mean density of Phlebotomus chinensis was 6.3 sandflies per trap per night in Yangquan City from during the period from May to September, 2020, with the highest density observed in Jiaoqu District (12.6 sandflies per trap per night) and the lowest in Yuxian County (1.1 sandflies per trap per night), and there was a region⁃specific mean density of Ph. chinensis in Yangquan City (H = 17.282, P < 0.01).

[2022 November 23, Zhang Pei⁃jun et al., “2015—2020年山西省阳泉市犬源型内脏利什曼病 疫情调查 [Prevalence of mountain⁃zoonotic type visceral leishmaniasis in Yangquan City of Shanxi Province from 2015 to 2020]”, in Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control, volume 34, number 5, →ISSN, →OCLC:


Cayo

From the Spanish surname, Spanish equivalent of Gaetano. Also compare cayo (“cay”).

A district in the west of Belize. Capital: San Ignacio.


Knowsley

The Metropolitan Borough of Knowsley, a metropolitan borough in Merseyside created in 1974 which takes its name from the village.


North Kesteven

A local government district of Lincolnshire, England, created in 1974. Its headquarters are in Sleaford.


North Warwickshire

A local government district with borough status of Warwickshire, England. Its headquarters are in Atherstone.


Calderdale

From Calder + dale; named after the River Calder.


Schaumburg

Schaumburg (countable and uncountable, plural Schaumburgs)

A rural district of Lower Saxony. Seat: Stadthagen.


West Berkshire

A unitary authority of Berkshire, England, with its headquarters in Newbury. It was renamed from Newbury District in April 1998.


Sandwell

A metropolitan borough of the West Midlands, England.


Arequipa

A city and district in Arequipa province, Peru, in the south of the country.


Höxter

A town and rural district of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.


Famagusta

/ˌfæməˈɡʊstə/

/ˌfɑːməˈɡuːstə/

A district of Cyprus, majorly controlled by the North


Tawang

Named for the Tawang Monastery, which was named by Merak Lama Lodre Gyatso. Supposedly means "chosen by the horse" in a local language.

Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh#English

An administrative district of Arunachal Pradesh, India.


Bayevsky

Borrowed from Russian Ба́евский (Bájevskij).


Changtai

/(ˈ)t͡ʃæŋˈtaɪ/

From the Postal Map romanization of Mandarin 長泰／长泰 (Chángtài).

Even in Tegal, where the temple still retains its original name, some other deities—Xuantian shangdi, Shennong, and Qingyuan zhenjun (a deity worshipped by the people from Changtai district, Fujian province), etc.—have been introduced.

1993, Claudine Salmon, “Cults Peculiar to the Chinese in Java”, in Cheu Hock Tong, editor, Chinese Beliefs and Practices in Southeast Asia (Studies on the Chinese Religion in Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia), Pelanduk Publications, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 297:

Just north of Zhangzhou city, in Changtai county, a branch of the Anti-Opium Society was established in 1907. Under its leadership, opium dens were shut down, and opium shops were licensed or closed. The only available account of the suppression campaign in Changtai expresses serious misgivings about the effectiveness of the society, however, claiming that what appeared to be progress was simply the transformation of an open trade in opium into an underground commerce.

2003, Joyce A. Madancy, “Provincial Patterns of Reform Before the Revolution of 1911”, in The Troublesome Legacy of Commissioner Lin: The Opium Trade and Opium Suppression in Fujian Province, 1820s to 1920s (Harvard East Asian Monographs), volume 227, Harvard University Asia Center, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 173:

A district of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China, formerly a county.


Xinzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 信州 (Xìnzhōu).

The vague wording of the Xinzhou district government’s statement Saturday, which said workers had “decontaminated” the animal though there was no indication it had been infected with the coronavirus, helped fuel the outcry.
The pet’s owner or owners could not be reached for comment. According to an account on the Twitter-like platform Weibo that first shared the video, the owners had been sent to hotel quarantine along with other residents of their neighborhood in the city of Shangrao, in Jiangxi Province.

2021 November 14, Austin Ramzy, “A video of decontamination workers clubbing a pet corgi stirs anger in China.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-11-16, Asia Pacific:


Xinzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 新洲 (Xīnzhōu).

Sinchow (alternative)
Hsin-chou (alternative)


Kutch

Borrowed from Gujarati કચ્છ (kacch), from Sanskrit कच्छ (kaccha, “marshland”).

Cutch (alternative)
Kachchh (alternative)


Kufstein

Kufstein District, an administrative district in Tyrol, with its headquarters in the town.


Bregenz

Borrowed from German Bregenz, from Latin Brigantium or Brigantia, from Proto-Celtic *Brigantī (from *brigantī), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰonts (“high”), from the root *bʰerǵʰ- (“high”) + *-onts (Caland adjective suffix).
The Latin terms may be derived from the Proto-Celtic terms via Gaulish brigā (“hill; fortress”), though this is uncertain.

布雷根茨縣 /布雷根茨县

administrative district in the state of Vorarlberg, Austria

Bregenzer Festspiele
Bregenzer Festspiele

The capital of and third largest city in the state of Vorarlberg, Austria, located on the eastern shore of Lake Constance on a plateau at the foot of the Pfänder; it is best known for hosting numerous festivals throughout the summer months, most notably the Bregenzer Festspiele; the city is the administrative centre of its eponymous district.


Feldkirch

A town and district in Vorarlberg, Austria.


Bludenz

布盧登茨 /布卢登茨

a town in the state of Vorarlberg, Austria

Bregenz Forest Mountains
Bregenz Forest Mountains

A town in the state of Vorarlberg, Austria, located on the river Ill at the meeting point of five valleys: Walgau, Montafon, Brandnertal, Klostertal and Großes Walsertal, and is surrounded by the Bregenz Forest Mountains in the north, the Rätikon in the southwest and the Silvretta in the southeast; it is best known for its nearby ski areas and producing Milka chocolate; the town is the administrative centre of its eponymous district.

An administrative district in the state of Vorarlberg, Austria, comprising the state's southern half.


Gmunden

A town, municipality, and district in Upper Austria, Austria.


Amstetten

A municipality and district in Lower Austria, Austria.


Mistelbach

A municipality and district in the north-east corner of Lower Austria, Austria.


Swale

From Old English *swalwe (“rushing water”), which could be related to swealwe. Also compare the proper noun Swallow.

A local government district with borough status in Kent, England, created in 1974 with its headquarters in Sittingbourne and named after the channel.


Shunde

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 順德 /顺德 (Shùndé).

Shun-te (alternative)
Shun-tê (alternative)

Sifu was born in 1899 in the village of Lungsan in Shunte county of Kwangtung. She had an older brother and a younger brother.

[1984, Andrea Sankar, “Spinster Sisterhoods: Jing Yih Sifu: Spinster-Domestic-Nun”, in Mary Sheridan, Janet W. Salaff, editors, Lives: Chinese Working Women, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 53:

Because it is less reliant on Hong Kong capital, Shunde's industrial product mix differs significantly from that of Dongguan. It is less involved with textiles, toys, and plastics destined for re-export through Hong Kong. Shunde is known throughout China for its high quality domestic appliances, such as fans, refrigerators, rice cookers, sterilizers, washing machines, and air conditioners. China's domestic market is in fact more significant than the world market in Shunde's industrial development.

1998, Graham E. Johnson, Yuen-fong Woon, “Social Values and Development Patterns in South China: The Case of the Pearl River Delta Region in the 1900s”, in Harold Coward, editor, Traditional and Modern Approaches to the Environment on the Pacific Rim: Tensions and Values, State University of New York Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 224:

Chow Tai Fook has a gold crafting plant in Shunde, a city in Guangdong Province, with six artists producing designs rendered by 3,000 craftsmen working with simple tools such as torches, small chisels and picks.

2015 November 22, Desiree Au, “The Glow of 24-Karat Gold Jewelry”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-11-22, FASHION & STYLE:


Bel Air

Bel-Air (alternative)
Belle Aire (alternative)

An administrative district on Mahé, Seychelles.


South Norfolk

A local government district of Norfolk, England, created in 1974, with its headquarters in Long Stratton.


North Norfolk

A local government district of Norfolk, England, created in 1974, with its headquarters in Cromer.


Liezen

A municipality and district in Styria, Austria.


San Benito

A village and district of Contumazá Province, Peru.


San Mateo

Borrowed from Spanish San Mateo (literally “Saint Matthew”).

bor

Huarochirí Province
w:Huarochirí Province

A district of Huarochirí Province, Peru.


Pirot

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian Pirot / Пирот.

Pirot District, an administrative district in south-east Serbia.


North East Derbyshire

A local government district of Derbyshire, England, created in 1974.


Jinchuan

/d͡ʒɪnˈt͡ʃwɑn/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 金川 (Jīnchuān).

In Jinchuan District and Lanzhou New District, both in Jinchang, the supermarkets provide "shared products" to residents, where residents can borrow ladders or other tools as needed.

2023 February 4 [2023 January], “Building a Beautiful Home”, in All-China Women's Federation, archived from the original on 2023-03-08, Women in Action:

A district of Jinchang, Gansu, in northwestern China.


Central Bedfordshire

A unitary authority of Bedfordshire, England, created in 2009 on the merger of Mid Bedfordshire and South Bedfordshire districts.


Hongshan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 洪山 (Hóngshān).

洪山

a district in central China; a subdistrict in central China; a town in central China

German-based Metro Cash & Carry, one of the most successful foreign retail groups in China, has one of its 15 mainland stores in the Hongshan district of Wuhan and has plans for another outlet in the city.

2002, The China Business Handbook 2002, Hong Kong: Alain Charles Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 195:

In addition to interviews at the provincial level, I conducted interviews with municipal officials in Wuhan, district officials in Hongshan District, and township and village leaders in one township within the district.

2006, Tyrene White, China's Longest Campaign: Birth Planning in the People's Republic, 1949-2005, Cornell University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 17:

For instance, in the Hongshan district, Zhuodaoquan North Road (卓刀泉北路) is designated as “The Most Beautiful Flowery Street.”

2020, Rebecca Clothey, Richardson Dilworth, China's Urban Future and the Quest for Stability, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 89:

People line up at a hospital designated to test the discharged COVID patients and people from the isolation facilities in Hongshan district in Wuhan in central China's Hubei province Saturday, March 14, 2020. The province reported no new infections on Thursday after being the epicenter of China's outbreak.

2020 March 19, Rachel Chang, Claire Che, Bloomberge, “China’s coronavirus epicenter reaches milestone of zero new cases”, in Fortune:

Urban residents were surveyed in two central districts including the Hongshan District and Hangjiang^([sic – meaning Jianghan]) District in Wuhan City as well as the Zhangwan District in Shiyan City.

2020, Wann-Ming Wey, editor, Sustainable Built Environment and Urban Growth Management, MDPI, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 171:

Officials are also tracking unspecified products of the same batch as the softshell turtles that have been shipped elsewhere, said the disease control authority in Wuhan's Hongshan district.

2022 July 14, Roxanne Liu, Ryan Woo, “In China's Wuhan, cholera-causing bacteria in turtles strikes nerve”, in Christopher Cushing, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-07-15, China:

A district of Wuhan, Hubei, in central China.


Hongshan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 紅山 /红山 (Hóngshān).

A district of Chifeng, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, in northern China.

紅山 /红山

culture, district, town, residential community


Caidian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 蔡甸 (Càidiàn).

蔡甸

district, subdistrict and village in central China

Deng was an individual printer in Caidian District in Wuhan City, Hubei. In February 1994, Deng printed 800 false Hubei special value-added tax invoices in 16 books and sold them.

1994 November 17 [1994 October 28], “Various Provinces Execute Six for Value-Added Tax Invoice Offenses”, in Daily Report: China, number 222, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Beijing FAZHI RIBAO p 1, translation of original in Chinese, →ISSN, →OCLC, National Affairs, page 22, column 2:

A comparison of the three maps in Figure 1 shows that the ecological security of Wuhan from 1996 to 2006 deteriorated. However, the trend strengthened from 2006 to 2010. Jiangxia District underwent the most significant changes, transitioning from high-risk to medium-, low- and relatively low-risk. Caidian District is in second place.

2016, Liandong Zhu, Ahmed Ouadha, editors, Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Sustainable Development, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 335:

The Huoshenshan Hospital is located in the Caidian district of Wuhan. The facility is 1,000 bedded and has 30 intensive care units (ICUs) with two floors and occupies 269,000 sqft.

2020, Parvez Ahmad, Airborne Infection Control Guide to Planning & Designing of Hospitals, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 121:

Eight people were reported dead in Wuhan, in Hubei province, with 280 injured after Friday's tornado ripped through the district of Caidian at 8:39 p.m., the agency said.

2021 May 14, “Tornadoes hit two Chinese provinces, killing 12, injuring hundreds”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-05-15, Environment:


Gaocheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 藁城 (Gǎochéng).

It has been shown that remains of Erh-li-kang type occur throughout the region that was to become the Shang capital in the dynasty's final centuries, in Tz'u Hsien, Han-tan, and Hsing-t'ai. Further north, an important Shang site was found near T'ai-hsi-ts'un 台西村, west of Kao-ch'eng, near Shih-chia-chuang, and excavated in 1965,³ 1972,⁴ and 1973.⁵

[1980, Kwang-chih Chang, Shang Civilization, Yale University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 290:

More than 20,000 citizens from 12 villages in the Gaocheng District of the Chinese city of Shijiangzhuang have been relocated to quarantine sites as a preventative measure against Covid-19, according to Chinese state media.

2021 January 14, “More than 20,000 Chinese villagers are moved to quarantine sites as a preventative measure”, in CNN, archived from the original on 2021-01-14:

A farmer plants seeds in a corn field at a farm in Gaocheng, Hebei province, China, September 30, 2015.

2021 August 27, David Stanway, “China's total arable land shrinks nearly 6% from 2009-2019 - survey”, in Krishna Chandra Eluri, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-08-27, China:

A district of Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.


Zengdu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 曾都 (Zēngdū).

Some of them were buried alive with their deceased masters, as reflected in the Duke Zengyi’s tomb dating back to the Warring States period and excavated at the Zengdu district, Suizhou in Hubei province.

2008, “The Budding of Acrobatics: Acrobatics in the Pre-Qin Dynasty”, in History of Acrobatics [杂技史话] (History of Chinese Civilization), Beijing: Encyclopedia of China Publishing House, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 86–87:

When two evictees, Zhang Hua (张华) and Li Mingju (李明菊) filed a lawsuit at Zengdu District Court, Suizhou City, on July 1, 2008, alleging that Suizhou City Bureau of Housing Management violated the relevant regulations in granting a demolition permit and that the compensation package offered violated the law, the Court told them that they had no authority to accept the case because the Bureau is at a higher level of government.

2009, China Human Rights Yearbook, →OCLC, page 219:

The church where Liao served in Zengdu District would pay a visit to Hedian Town and prepare some materials to be delivered to the disaster area, the pastor added. The church is also in contact with other meeting points in Liulin Town, waiting to provide help according to new information.

2021 August 16, Zhongyi Wu, “Christians Affected in Flood-Hit Suizhou City, Hubei”, in China Christian Daily, archived from the original on 2022-07-02:

Suizhou Field Hope Vegetable Company leased 540 mu of land from Huangbu Village, Wandian Town of Zengdu District with a rent of 600 yuan per mu and invested 25 million yuan to build vegetable greenhouses and refrigerated storage houses.

2022, China's Reform and New Urbanization, Springer, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 204:


Jingzhou

/ˌd͡ʒɪŋˈd͡ʒoʊ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 荊州 /荆州 (Jīngzhōu).

Kingchow (alternative)
Kin-tcheou (alternative obsolete romanization)
Ching-chou (alternative)

Jingzhou District is located in south-central Hubei Province. It has an area of 1,046 k㎡ and a population of 572,052 (yearend est.). The district is composed of three sub-districts, seven towns and a provincial economic development zone (Jingzhou Chengnan Economic Development Zone, Hubei Province).

2013 August 29, “Administrative Division”, in Jingzhou China, archived from the original on 2023-09-21:


Jiang'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 江岸 (Jiāng'àn).

The General Trade Union of the Peking-Hankow Railroad which organized the strike had its headquarters at the Chiangan Station in Hankow. On February 7, the reactionaries massacred the workers at the station. A memorial hall now stands on the spot. Visitors are invariably moved by the words which Lin Hsiang-chien, chairman of the Chiangan branch of the union and strike leader, spit in the face of his executioners, “You can chop my head off or bleed me to death, but the strike will not be called off!”

[1974 April, “Wuhan—A City of Revolutionary Tradition”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXIII, number 4, Peking, →OCLC, page 32, column 2:

On February 7th, Wu Peifu put a savage end to the strike. The most serious conflicts were concentrated in Zhengzhou, Jiang'an in Hubei and Changxindian in Beijing.

1983, Yu-Chien Kuan, Petra Häring-Kuan, Magnificent China: A Guide to Its Cultural Treasures [中國文化及名勝指南], 1st American edition, San Francisco: China Books & Periodicals, Inc, published 1987, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 300, column 1:

Several bang provided the labor for the Peking-Hankow Railroad. In the workshop in Jiang'an near Hankow, for instance, workers belonged either to the Hubei, Tianjin, or Guangdong bang.⁵⁹

1991, Hans J. Van de Ven, From Friend to Comrade: the Founding of the Chinese Communist Party, 1920-1927, University of California Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 112:

Hankou’s industries were concentrated either on the outskirts of Jiang’an District or in Qiaokou District.

1995, Shaoguang Wang, Failure of Charisma: the Cultural Revolution in Wuhan, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 24:

Wang Bei, once a contestant on the popular talent show Super Girl, died November 15 while under anesthesia, said a spokesman for the health bureau of Jiang’an District, Wuhan City.

2010 November 26, “Talent show star killed in plastic surgery mishap”, in Beijing Today, number 494, →OCLC, page 3, column 1:

A district of Wuhan, Hubei, China, part of Hankou.


Shashi

c. late 20th c., from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 沙市 (Shāshì).

Shasi (alternative)
Sha-shih (alternative)
Shasze (alternative)

The stream first emerges from the mountains at the Ichang gorge, 960 nautical miles from its mouth : and some fifty miles below this point the boulders and gravel of the upper river give place to banks of soft alluvium, the outline of which varies every season, notwithstanding the gigantic embankments with which it is sought to retain the stream in its channel. These begin a short distance above the great emporium of Shashih, situated in the midst of the Hupeh plain, eighty-three miles below Ichang.

[1905, Archibald Little, “The Middle Basin: Part I. The Yangtse River”, in The Far East, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 57:

State-run China Central Television said a flood crest hit Shashi in central Hubei province at 147 feet, just eight inches short of the level that would have required levees to be blasted and the flooding of the homes of as many as 330,000 people.

1998 August 14, Associated Press, “Flood Peril Recedes for Now in China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-11, Section A, page 4:

In January, pastors from Shashi Church in Jingzhou, Hubei, and leaders of gathering sites paid visits to nursing homes, families in need, and rural households in the suburbs.

2022 January 27, Ai Mo, “Churches in Hubei, Sichuan Conduct Visits Before Spring Festival”, in China Christian Daily, archived from the original on 2022-02-17:

Encyclopedia Britannica
Frederick A. Praeger
Shashi


Luohu

zh-l

羅湖／罗湖 (Luóhú)

Centrally located districts like Luohu and Shangbu are better provided for, but in many of the eighteen functional areas or districts delineated in the Shenzhen SEZ Master Plan, basic facilities for any large-scale urban and industrial development are still inadequate.

1985, Kwan-yiu Wong, “Trends and Strategies of Industrial Development”, in Kwan-yiu Wong, David K.Y. Chu, editors, Modernization in China: The Case of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 76:

A total of 10,240 students brushed their teeth simultaneously for at least 60 seconds at Ai Guo Road, Luohu District, Shenshen^([sic – meaning Shenzhen]) City, China on 20 September 2003.
The event was organized by the Health Bureau of Luohu District, the Education Bureau of Luohu District and the Chamber of Commerce of Luohu District and sponsored by Colgate-Palmolive (Guangzhou) Co. Ltd.

2006, Guinness World Records 2006, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 39:

The IBC Mall in Shenzhen’s Luohu district was sealed off and under police supervision on Friday evening, with around 200 people queuing outside waiting for COVID-19 tests from medical personnel in protective suits.

2020 August 14, David Kirton, “Shenzhen mall in lockdown after coronavirus case”, in Alex Richardson, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-11, Health:

A district of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.


Baoshan

The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 寶山 /宝山 (Bǎoshān, literally “Treasure Hill”), named for an artificial hill raised around 1412 by Chen Xuan to host signal fires.

bor

The accused arrived at the Baoshan District Court in Shanghai in the morning and a tribunal officer told AFP that a verdict may be issued later on Monday, but it was up to the judge.

2017 June 26, “Australia's Crown Resorts staff face trial in China”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2017-06-26:

The Times found and analyzed three different angles of videos capturing a demonstration in late March in a community called Datang Huayuan, in Shanghai’s Baoshan District. In one video, a large group of people gathered outside. “We want supplies!” one woman yelled into a bullhorn. “We want to survive!” Videos of the incident have since been taken down from Weibo, the popular Twitter-like platform.

2022 April 29, Agnes Chang, Amy Qin, Isabelle Qian, Amy Chang Chien, “Under Lockdown in China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-04-29:


Ziyang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 資陽 /资阳 (Zīyáng).

Tzu-yang (alternative)
Tzŭ-yang (alternative)


Luzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 潞州.


Dongsheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization for the Mandarin 東勝 /东胜 (Dōngshèng).

Most villages subscribe to local newspapers, but when they arrive their contents are no longer news; it takes seven days to deliver newspaper from the League centre, Dongsheng, and more than 20 days for newspapers to arrive from outside the area.

1999, Hong Jiang, “Human driving forces of environmental change”, in The Ordos Plateau of China: An Endangered Environment, United Nations University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 80:

In empty showrooms of Dongsheng, Ordos' old city, saleswomen immediately offer 30 percent price discounts if a buyer is willing to pay for a property upfront and in cash.

2011 December 2, Lucy Hornby, Langi Chiang, “China's Ordos property bust offers warning sign”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2024-06-05, World:

In 2006, the headquarters of the local government was moved to Kangbashi from the Dongsheng District, 20 miles north; bus service between Kangbashi and Dongsheng was allegedly cut off so that Ordos’s public officials would be forced to take up residence in the new town.

2015 March 6, Jody Rosen, “The Colossal Strangeness of China’s Most Excellent Tourist City”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-09-17:

A district of Ordos, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China.


Wanquan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 萬全 /万全 (Wànquán).

According to the paintings, the tomb’s owner had been an unimportant official attending the emperor; previously, he had been a Duwei (officer in charge of a prefecture’s troops), Changshi (assistant prefect) and magistrate. His highest rank was Shishijie Huwuhuan Xiaowei (an official in charge of the affairs of Wuhuan, Xianbei and other nationalities living along the Great Wall). His office was situated in Ningcheng, or today’s Wanquan County, Hebei Province.

1997, Wenyuan Liu, “Cultural Relics of Great Wall”, in Tales of the Great Wall [长城的故事], Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 78–79:

In his surveys of northern Hebei, Willem Grootaers found an average of 6.8 temples per village in Wanquan County and 4.5 per village in neighboring Xuanhua.

2005, Thomas David DuBois, The Sacred Village: Social Change and Religious Life in Rural North China, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 49:

Gujiagou is a small hamlet in Wanquan County in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province. Hao, born in the village in 1981, lived there until he was admitted to the Beijing Film Academy in 2001.

2011 November 4, Dongya Zhang, “Sexual struggle in the countryside”, in Beijing Today, number 543, →OCLC, page 19:

A district of Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China, formerly a county.


Bareilly

A city, district, and division in northern Uttar Pradesh, India.


Chengbei

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 城北 (Chéngběi).

城北

a subdistrict in central China; a village in central China


Chengzhong

/ˌt͡ʃʌŋˈd͡ʒɒŋ/

/ˌt͡ʃʌŋˈd͡ʒʊŋ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 城中 (Chéngzhōng).

The party members of the Nantan office in Chengzhong District of the city of Xining, in their educational activities, carried out criticism and self-criticism in a side-by-side comparison with the standards for party members.

1982 October 15 [1982 July 21], Weihai Yu, “PARTY EDUCATION EMPHASIZED IN QINGHAI PROVINCE”, in CHINA REPORT POLITICAL, SOCIOLOGICAL AND MILITARY AFFAIRS, number 350, United States Joint Publications Research Service, page 54:

The incident happened around 5:30 p.m. local time on a heavily trafficked street in Xining, the capital of Qinghai province, state media reports. It marks the latest instance of a sinkhole opening around busy or rapidly developing parts of China.
Video from the scene captured by CCTV and circulating on Chinese social media showed people gathered at a bus stop outside the Great Wall Hospital in the city’s Chengzhong District when the road suddenly buckles, sending people on the street running.

2020 January 14, Kim Bellware, “Huge sinkhole swallows bus in China and explodes, killing at least six”, in Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-01-14; republished as Bus falls into China sinkhole (Stars and Stripes), volume 78, number 193, 2020 January 15, →OCLC, page 12:


Dongbao

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東寶 /东宝 (Dōngbǎo).

Jingmen City is actually an administrative amalgamation of two districts: the larger Sha-yang District with 914,000 residents and the Dongbao District with 590,000.

2001 February, Paul Hattaway, China's Unreached Cities, volume 1, Chiang Mai, Thailand: Darawan Printing, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 42:

A total of 10 serum samples were collected by the community service center of Dongbao District in Jingmen. All subjects were over 65 years old (10 subjects divided into non-AD patient and AD patient groups).

2019 June 30, Dan Tao et al., “Development of a Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor for the Detection of Tau381 and its Preliminary Application in AD and Non-AD Patients’ Sera”, in Biosensors, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 4:

Liu Yanli was sentenced to four years' imprisonment by the Dongbao District People's Court in Hubei's Jingmen city, which found her guilty of "picking quarrels and stirring up trouble," a public order charge frequently used to target peaceful critics of the regime.

2020 May 6, Gao Feng, “China Jails Hubei Bank Clerk For Critical Social Media Posts”, in Luisetta Mudie, transl., edited by Luisetta Mudie, Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2020-05-06:


Pidu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 郫都 (Pídū).

Linwan neighborhood is located in the Pidu district, a suburban district in Chengdu. In 2017, the GDP of Pidu district was 52.5 billion yuan, ranking the 10th among 22 district and counties in Chengdu.

2020, Bo Qin, Jian Yang, “Access of Low-Income Residents to Urban Services for Inclusive Development: The Case of Chengdu, China”, in Shabbir Cheema, editor, Governance for Urban Services: Access, Participation, Accountability, and Transparency, Springer, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, →OL, page 220:

Second dissident prosecuted
Meanwhile, authorities in Chengdu's Pidu district have moved ahead with the prosecution of veteran dissident Chen Yunfei, who was detained by police four months ago on the same charge as Xie.
Chen is currently being held at the Pidu District Detention Center, awaiting trial for "picking quarrels and stirring up trouble" after he wrote an online article based on visits to Sichuan schools during the past two years.

2021 July 15, Gao Feng, “Police in China's Sichuan Formally Arrest Veteran Rights Activist”, in Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2021-07-15:

Pidu District of Chengdu is located in the central part of the Western Sichuan Plain, which is a national demonstration area for rural revitalization, and the "rural new community Pidu model" has been extended to the whole Western Sichuan Plain.

2022, Artificial Intelligence in China, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 410:


Duodao

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization for the Mandarin 掇刀 (Duōdāo).

The factory owner and Deng are not likely to face criminal charges as police denied any form of slavery existed in the factory and the employees were not forced to work and their freedom was not restricted, said Qin Shaoxiong, an official with the human resources and social security bureau in the Duodao District, where the factory is located.

2012 August 31, “Mentally ill toiled in poor conditions”, in China Internet Information Center, archived from the original on 2002-08-31:

Caiyuan village is under the jurisdiction of Macheng town, Duodao District, Jingmen City, Hubei Province

2017, Fu Fangyu, Cao Yu, “Study on the "3F-in-1" Sustainable Reconstruction of Rural Architecture from Placeality Perspective--A Case Study of Caiyuan Village in Jingmen City, Hubei Province”, in IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1:

Located at Jingmen High-tech District (Duodao District), Jingmen Vehicle Production Base is made up of Jingmen Vehicle Factory and Spare Parts Industrial Park, which are modern intelligent factories established by Jingmen Municipal Government in an earlier period.

2020 October 21, “With New Production Base Settled in Jingmen, GWM Expands Its Global Production”, in Great Wall Motor News, archived from the original on 2020-12-02:

To evaluate the clubroot disease-resistant and agronomic characteristics of 16 rapeseed varieties at Duodao District of Jingmen City, factor analysis was performed in this study.

2022, Xiao-jing (侯晓静) Hou, 龙永红 [Long Yong-hong], 龙飞 [lóngfēi, Long Fei], 王瑾 [Wang Jin], 许强 [Xu Qiang], “基于因子分析的抗根肿病油菜品种（系）综合评价——以荆门市掇刀区根肿病发病区为例 [Evaluation of clubroot-resistant of rapeseed varieties based on factor analysis--A case of clubroot diseased areas in Duodao District of Jingmen City]”, in 中国油料作物学报 [Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences], →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-03-21, page 183:


Echeng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization for the Mandarin 鄂城 (Èchéng).

Ocheng (alternative)
O-ch'eng (alternative)

Japanese warships were said to have passed the boom at Hwangkang and Ocheng, 95 kilometres downstream below Hankow, and to be about to break the boom at Twanfeng, 70 kms. down river from Hankow.

[1938 October 23 [1938 October 22], “Rumors of Advance”, in Hong Kong Sunday Herald, volume XII, number 764, sourced from Hankow, →OCLC, page 4, column 6:

Along the 60-mile railroad from the Tayeh iron mines to the Wuhan plant, another small integrated iron and steel complex, with a capacity of 100,000 to 200,000 tons, began to arise in 1958 at Ocheng. This hsien was actually raised to the status of municipality in 1960, but the level of development evidently did not justify such a high administrative level, and Ocheng was returned to hsien status in late 1961.

[1972, Theodore Shabad, “The Middle Yangtze Plain”, in China's Changing Map, New York: Frederick A. Praeger, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 157:

Yesterday Ms Yuan recalled how she was forced to become what the Japanese called a 'comfort woman' when she left her family in Hankou to work at a Japanese hostel in Echeng in July 1940.

2005 August 11, “Former sex slave still fighting for apology”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-10-16:

The Chinese take training in information warfare very seriously. The PLA has conducted several field exercises in recent years. An informaticised people’s warfare network simulation exercise was conducted in the Echeng district of Hubei province.

2007, John R. Vacca, “How Masqueraders Infiltrate a System”, in Practical Internet Security, Springer, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 217:


Songbei

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 松北 (Sōngběi).

松北

a district in northeastern China; a subdistrict in northeastern China

On August 30, 2007, 172 drivers submitted a petition to the Harbin Songbei District People's Court; when court proceedings were held on June 20, 2008, only 38 plaintiffs were present (of which 30 were professional lawyers). The Songbei District People's Court submitted a judicial suggestion to the related competent administrative department.

2010, Jinrong Huang, “Public Interest Law in 2008”, in Lin Li, editor, The China Legal Development Yearbook, volume 4, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 284:

Thirteen practitioners were arrested by the Songbei District Police Department in Harbin City on January 18, 2017.

2018 January 5, “Twelve Falun Gong Practitioners Sentenced to Prison in Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province”, in Minghui.org, archived from the original on 2018-01-08, Accounts of Persecution:

Between 2010 and 2015, the outer boundary expanded out to the Harbin Ring Expressway and sections surpassed the administrative boundary and spread over the northern border of Songbei District, constituting a significant change in the outer boundary. These changes reflected the growing effects of the Harbin urban core.

2021 August, Yuan Wang, Yilong Han, Lijie Pu, Bo Jiang, Shaofeng Yuan, Yan Xu, “A Novel Model for Detecting Urban Fringe and Its Expanding Patterns: An Application in Harbin City, China”, in Land, volume 10, number 8, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-10-17:

A district of Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.


Gucheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 古城 (Gǔchéng).

Ku-ch'eng (alternative)
Kucheng (alternative)
Ku-ch'êng (alternative)


Yicheng

zh-l

驛城／驿城 (Yìchéng)


Huangpi

Hoangcheu commands over nine Cities, as Hoangcheu, Lotien, Maching, Hoangpi, Hoanggan, Kixui, Ki, Hoangmui, Hoangci.

[1669 [1665], John Nievhoff, translated by John Ogilby, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China, London: John Macock, translation of original in Dutch, →OCLC, page 14:

Now, I will mention another fact which has just come under my notice. One of our native evangelists left us on Monday last for Huangpi, a city distant from Hankow only twenty or thirty miles. He returned last night, and came to see me early this morning. He has brough bakc with him two printed copies of one of the Hunan publications, which is now being printed and actively circulated in the city of Huangpi through the medium of the pawn-shops....At the beginning of last year one of our converts in Hunan sent me a printed copy of this book, so there can be no doubt as to its origin. It is written in fluent mandarin, and is entitled, Death to the Devils' Religion (鬼教該死). Of all the Hunan publications, I do not know one more violent, more abusive, more filthy, or more inflammatory than this. It finishes up with a song, which is committed to memory by the children of Huangpi, and sung in the streets. I felt inclined for a moment to give you a translation of this song. But it is impossible ; it is too dirty and vile for your columns.

1892, The Anti-Foreign Riots in China in 1891, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 185:

The main forces of the Wu-Han armies were concentrated on the line extending from Yanglo to Hsiaokwan by way of Huangpi.

1929 April 6, “Hankow in Hands of Gen. Chiang Kai-shek”, in The China Weekly Review, volume XLVIII, number 6, →OCLC, page 226, column 1:

Bronzes of the middle period include...bronzes from some of the sumptuous Shang tombs at Panlong city in Huangpi county, Hubei Province.

1998, Ma Chengyuan, “Ritual Bronzes-Epitome of Ancient Chinese Civilization”, in China 5,000 Years, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 70:

"The moment they relaxed the COVID-19 restrictions, the number of deaths spiked sharply," said Chen Heyang, a person close to the civil affairs department in Wuhan, where the pandemic first emerged three years ago.
He said his home district of Huangpi had reported around 5,000 deaths in the month since the lockdowns and travel bans of zero-COVID were lifted. "There are around 900,000 people living in Huangpi district, and more than 5,000 deaths in this one month, which is several times the usual [death rate]," he said.

2023 January 31, Gu Ting, Gao Feng, Cheryl Tung, “China's COVID-19 death statistics 'certainly much higher' than reported: WHO”, in Luisetta Mudie, transl., edited by Malcolm Foster, Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2023-01-31:

On January 3, 2020, Liu Jie's mother told a reporter from China Business Daily, that their family is from the rural area of Sanlizhen in Wuhan Huangpi District.

2023 July, “Limitations of the official 2019 Wuhan cases based on Primary Sources”, in The Washington Post, archived from the original on 2023-10-07, page 40:

A district of Wuhan, Hubei, China, formerly a county.


Muping

He was telling Keng about the tactical agreement he had made with the guerillas^([sic]) in Muping and of his interviews with Shen Hung-lieh, chairman of the Shantung provincial government, when they suddenly heard a commotion outside.

1947, Yang Shuo, “Purge by Fire”, in Chi-chen Wang, editor, Stories of China at War, London: Oxford University Press, →OCLC, page 71:

A worker installs polycrystalline silicon solar panels as terrestrial photovoltaic power project starts in Guanshui Town of Muping District on November 17, 2015 in Yantai, Shandong Province of China.

2017 May 25, Jeff Desjardins, “Experts are hilariously bad at forecasting solar installations”, in Business Insider, archived from the original on 2022-05-08:

The village of Liushengyuan was in the Muping district of Yantai (the former colonial-era treaty port of Chefoo, briefly controlled by the Germans before World War I).

2019, Weijian Shan, Out of the Gobi: My Story of China and America, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 69:


Qiaokou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 礄口 /硚口 (Qiáokǒu).

When the Northern Expedition reached Wuhan in 1927 Li Ts'ai-lien, although only a girl of fifteen, plunged headlong into revolutionary work and was active as a trade union organizer in the workers' district of Ch'iao-k'ou.

[1980 [1957], Fan-hsi Wang, “The Pacific War and a New Split in the Organization”, in Gregor Benton, transl., Memoirs of a Chinese Revolutionary, New York: Columbia University Press, published 1991, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 243:

Hankou’s industries were concentrated either on the outskirts of Jiang’an District or in Qiaokou District.

1995, Shaoguang Wang, Failure of Charisma: the Cultural Revolution in Wuhan, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 24:

In Wuhan’s Qiaokou district, at the Zirun Mingyuan apartment community where about 10,000 people live, men, women and children stood under umbrellas while elderly residents perched on stools as they waited to get tested at four sites set up in the middle of the compound.

2020 May 14, Brenda Goh, “RPT-Wuhan residents brave rain, queues for COVID-19 mass-testing campaign”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-04-29, Healthcare Sector:


Jianghan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 江漢 /江汉 (Jiānghàn).

The 44 primary schools in Chianghan District of Wuhan Municipality educate students to cherish the countryside, the poor and lower-middle peasants, and farmwork, thus exposing the Confucian fallacy that "one who excels in learning should serve as an official."

[1974 December 13 [1974 December 12], “Wuhan Primary Schools Familiarize Students With Rural Life”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 241, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Peking NCNA Domestic Service, translation of original in Chinese, →ISSN, →OCLC, People's Republic of China: Central-South Region, page H 1:

Jianghan Model
Having studied the Shanghai Model and Shenyang Model, the community development model in Jianghan District in Wuhan city identified further rights and responsibilities of government and community.

2006, Yuan Ren, “Globalization and grassroots practices: community development in contemporary urban China”, in Fulong Wu, editor, Globalization and the Chinese City (Routledge Contemporary China Series), Routledge, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 302:

This Conference is hosted by 8BTC, and has received great support from such organs of government as Wuhan Municipal Government, Jianghan District Government, Wuhan Municipal Bureau of Economics and Information Technology, and the China Academy of Information and Communications Technology.

2021 January 5, “OXBTC: Challenges and Opportunities on the Long Journey of Ethereum 2.0”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2021-01-09:


Jiangxia

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 江夏 (Jiāngxià).

Map 17 for 1646-1775 reveals a concentration of chin-shih, centred on Chiang-hsia (modern Wu-ch'ang, part of Wu-han), the important commercial crossroad where the Han River enters the Yangtze from the northwest.

[1992, Hans Bielenstein, “The Regional Provenance of Chin-shih during Ch'ing”, in Bulletin of the Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, number 64, Stockholm, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 25:

After three days in session, the first provincial conference on suburb-based agricultural economic work ended in the Jiangxia District of Wuhan City on 24 August.

1995 September 20 [1995 August 26], “Yang Yongliang, Deputy Secretary of the Hubei Provincial CPC Committee, Stresses the Need To Bring Suburban Areas' Advantages Into Play and To Build Modern Agriculture Models at the Provincial Conference on Suburb- Based Agricultural Economic Work Held in Wuhan 22-24 August”, in Daily Report: China, number 95-182, sourced from Wuhan HUBEI RIBAO pp 1, 2, translation of original by E Xuesheng (6759 1331 0524) [鄂学胜] (in Chinese), →ISSN, →OCLC, Economic Affairs, page 34, column 2:

Customs officials and police officers then raided Mr. Zhang’s lab in the Jiangxia district of Wuhan, a provincial capital on the Yangtze River.

2015 July 7, Edward Wong, “China Finds Another Real-Life Spinoff of ‘Breaking Bad’”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-09-04, Sinosphere:

A comparison of the three maps in Figure 1 shows that the ecological security of Wuhan from 1996 to 2006 deteriorated. However, the trend strengthened from 2006 to 2010. Jiangxia District underwent the most significant changes, transitioning from high-risk to medium-, low- and relatively low-risk.

2016, Liandong Zhu, Ahmed Ouadha, editors, Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Sustainable Development, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 335:


Luhe

Tourists visit a sunflower garden in Qiancang Village of Luhe District, Nanjing, east China's Jiangsu Province, Oct. 3, 2018.

2018 October 5, “People across China join in various leisure activities during National Day holiday”, in Liangyu, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2020-08-12:

In a keynote speech, Zhihong Zhu, secretary of the Luhe district party committee of Nanjing, said Luxembourg is a "reliable, innovative partner" that has shown "openness and vitality in economic development".

2019 May 22, Kate Oglesby, “Luxembourg signs tech tie-up with Nanjing”, in Luxembourg Times, archived from the original on 2021-10-31:

The broiler house for the experiment is located in the Jinniuhu Subdistrict, Luhe District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province.

2020, Shikai Zhang et al., “Simulation Analysis of a Ventilation System in a Smart Broiler Chamber Based on Computational Fluid Dynamics”, in Indoor Thermal Comfort, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 119:


Hanyang

In the Countrey of Huquang, near to the City of Hanyang, is a Tower called Xelenhoa, which far excels all other the like Structures, in Art and Coſtlineſs.

1669, John Nievhoff, translated by John Ogilby, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China, London: John Macock, page 227:

Not a hundred yards from where I sat were four field-guns—deadly four-inchers, the modem Krupp—sending shells into Hanyang as fast as the gunners were able to work. The booming shook the whole city, sending frightened children to their mothers, themselves at their wits’ ends with fear. Revolutionary batteries at Hanyang, not yet silenced or showing any signs of giving up the fight, dropped its shells sometimes nearer, sometimes farther, never into the battery here on the railroad.

1912, Edwin J. Dingle, China’s Revolution 1911-1912: A Historical and Political Record of the Civil War, London: T. Fisher Unwin, →OCLC, page 74:

Li Lina, a resident in the Hanyang district, beat a gong and shrieked from her high-rise balcony this weekend to beg for help for herself and her stricken mother holed up at home. A neighbor filmed her cries and uploaded it to the Internet, where it went viral.

2020 February 9, Gerry Shih, “Coronavirus deaths climb as China corrals sick in quarantine facilities in outbreak epicenter”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-02-09, Asia & Pacific:

Videos showing rowdy protests inside a compound in Wuhan's Hanyang district on Thursday night were shared on social media on Friday, with angry residents seen smashing down COVID disaster relief tents and calling for an end to their lockdown.

2022 November 3, Ryan Woo, Martin Quin Pollard, Bernard Orr, Beijing and Shanghai newsrooms, “China COVID cases surge to 6-month high as tensions in affected cities build”, in Tom Hogue, Christian Schmollinger, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-11-05, China:


Dongxihu

/ˌdʊŋʃiːˈhuː/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東西湖 /东西湖 (Dōngxīhú).

The reclamation project at Tunghsihu in Wuhan suburb is the largest wasteland reclamation project in Hupeh to be carried out this winter and next spring.

[1962, Robert Carin, State Farms in Communist China, 1947-1961, →OCLC, page 215:

Picture showing a combine harvesting wheat at the 66-hectacre model wheat field of the Tung-hsi-hu Farm in Hupeh Province.

[c. 1966, AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT SUSTAINED BY CROP IMPROVEMENT IN CHINA, published 2003, page 17?:

Li told us that the prisoners had been executed in the Dongxihu district of Wuhan, forty minutes from the hospital.

1996, Harry Wu, George Vecsey, Troublemaker: One Man's Crusade Against China's Cruelty, Random House, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 175:

On our third day in China, officials from the orphanage came by our hotel room with some documents, among them the certificate of abandonment:
This is to certify that Wu Guyue, female, born on April 26, 1995, was found to be abandoned at the Xingou Middle School, Dongxihu District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, on September 16, 1995. She was sent to our court by the People’s Government of Xingou Town, Dongxihy^([sic – meaning Dongxihu]) District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province, on September 16, 1995. Her innate parents couldn’t be found.

2004, Adam Schwartz, “A Story for Ancient Moon”, in Born in Our Hearts: Stories of Adoption, Deerfield Beach, FL: Health Communications, Inc., →ISBN, →OCLC, page 284:

I went anyway. Located in the Dongxihu district north of the Yangtze River, the racecourse is enormous, with a high, gray viewing stand and light green seats overlooking a sweeping track of 1,620 meters, or about 5,300 feet.
It was also deserted. Doors labeled “Wuhan Jockey Club” were padlocked.

2013 October 2, Didi Kirsten Tatlow, “Horse Racing Fans in China Betting on a Longshot”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-03-21, Asia Pacific:

Dongxihu is the most comprehensive and diversified of the three main industrial zones in Wuhan; we chose it for this case study for this reason.

2017, Jianyi Li, Douglas Webster, Jianming Cai, “Manufacturing-led peri-urbanisation in central China: the case of Wuhan’s Dongxihu District”, in International Development Planning Review, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 177:


Qingshan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 青山 (Qīngshān).

The People's Court in (Chingshan) District of Wuhan Municipality has also solved seven such cases.

[1978 December 19 [1978 December 14], “Hupeh Holds Conferernce on Reversal of Verdicts on Fake Cases”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 244, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Wuhan Hupeh Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →ISSN, →OCLC, page H 3:

One of those areas can be found at the city’s northern edge, where the towering smokestacks of Wuhan Iron and Steel loom behind bent-backed farmers tending vegetable patches. Today Qingshan district is a patchwork of tiny fields, polluted streams and roadside markets selling building materials. But the city government is in the process of transforming this no-man’s-land into a sparkling new suburb. Between the steelworks and the mighty Yangtze River, demolished buildings and hoardings advertise a new logistics centre. Down the road, a giant railway station (Wuhan’s third) and a 6-kilometre bridge (the city’s fifth to cross the Yangtze) were completed in 2010.

2012, Tom Miller, “The Construction Orgy: Paving the Fields”, in China's Urban Billion: The Story Behind the Biggest Migration in Human History, Zed Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 137:

Police in China’s central city of Wuhan said they have detained a person for spreading rumors in what a state-run newspaper said was a video purportedly showing a demonstration involving workers at Wuhan Iron and Steel (Wugang).
Police in Wuhan’s Qingshan District said that a person, surnamed Rong, was placed under administrative detention on Friday for five days, for allegedly spreading rumors about Wuhan Iron & Steel.
Qingshan district police on Sunday posted the information on Weibo, the micro-blogging service. Telephone calls to the district police were referred to the branch political office, which was unavailable for comment.

2016 October 23, Matthew Miller, “China police detain person for spreading rumors of labor unrest”, in Jon Boyle, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-10-23, Emerging Markets:


Xiangcheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 襄城 (Xiāngchéng).


Xiangzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 香洲 (Xiāngzhōu).

Excluding the 2.5 million yuan investments last year for the Qiongzhou Restaurant in Zhuhai in the Xiangzhou district and funds for renovating and expanding a restaurant in Guangzhou, they will prepare to construct tourist facilities at Haikou, Shiliu, Basuo, Sanya and other places, and will connect Zhuhai, Guangzhou, Haikou, Shiliu, Basuo and Sanya.

1984 January 30 [1983 August 13], He Shaoying [0149 1421 5391] [何少英], Yu Kejia [0060 0344 1367] [于克家], Lin Guoyang [2651 0948 7122] [林國陽], “The Hainan Iron Mine Sets Up 10 Specialized Corporations: The Large Enterprise Is Playing the Role of Backbone in the Construction of Hainan Island; Concerning Funds, Technology, Management and Administration and in other Respects, It Will Make a Contribution in Accelerating the Construction of Hainan”, in China Report: Economic Affairs, number 84-006, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Guangzhou NANFANG RIBAO, p1, translation of original in Chinese, →OCLC, page 22:

As President Bush addressed students at Qinghua University in Beijing on the 30th anniversary of Richard M. Nixon's momentous trip to China, where was the mention of the six Qinghua graduate students recently sentenced in southern China's Xiangzhou District Court, in Zhuhai City, for "utilizing an evil cult to sabotage legal enforcement"? All are practitioners of Falun Gong, the outlawed meditation movement that numbers its followers in the tens of thousands.

2002 February 23, Bei Ling, Andrea Huss, “Warming Up to China, Neglecting Democracy”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2010-11-09, Opinion:

Heungshan (Xiangshan) District was renamed Chungshan (Zhongshan) District in 1925 in honor of Dr. Sun Yat-sen, who led the 1911 Revolution that overthrew the Qing dynasty and founded the Republic of China. In 1965 the Wong Leung Do area separated from Chungshan District to become Doumen District. Today, Doumen District is a part of Xiangzhou District of Zhuhai City.

2010, Nancy J. Rosenbloom, “The Boundaries of Convention in the Gilded Age, 1880-1900”, in Women in American History since 1880: A Documentary Reader, Wiley-Blackwell, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 41:


Xiangzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 襄州 (Xiāngzhōu).

Chenghe wickerwork, also known as Xiangyang wickerwork, is a specialty of Chenghe town, Xiangzhou district, Xiangyang city, and a product with protected geographical indication in China. Chenghe is one of the top three wickerwork export bases in China.

2016 January 29, Editorial Office, “Chenghe Wickerwork”, in Hubei Provincial People's Government Official Web Portal, archived from the original on 2022-07-30:

Northern Hubei was centered around Xiangzhou, Xiangyang (modern Xiangfan of Hubei), the seat of local government of Xiangzhou, was a major gathering point for southward emigration out of the Central Plains due to its location at the intersection between the Han River and the trunk road from Nanyang to Jiangling.

2021, Jianxiong Ge, Yunsheng Hu, A Historical Survey of the Yellow River and the River Civilizations, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 184:


Fancheng

During March, Mr. J. Thorne, and Mr. Sturman made the journey from Fancheng (Hupeh) to Singanfu (Shensi) via Kaifeng the capital of Honan.

1885 June, “Editorial Notes and Missionary News”, in Chinese Recorder and Missionary Journal, volume XVI, number 5, Shanghai: American Presbyterian Mission Press, →OCLC, page 236:

At its close, Mr. Chou invited Mr. Ronning to return for a more serious discussion of problems of mutual concern. Mr. Ronning is leaving next Saturday for a trip to his birth place at Fancheng, in Hupeh Province in central China.

1971 May 4, “CHOU REMINISCES WITH ‘OLD FRIEND’”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-10-29, page 8:

From Wuhan, the great tri-city metropolis of Central China in the Yangtze River valley, they had gone by overnight train to Fancheng in the rich agricultural country of Hupei Province. "Fancheng is three hundred miles up the Han River, as Dad describes it from the days when he used to travel on the big sailing junks," she said.

1972, Seymour Topping, Journey Between Two Chinas, Harper & Row, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 233–234:

The campaign's objective was not clearly stated, but Guan Yu led his army along the Han River northward until he laid siege to Fancheng (present-day's Fancheng District in Xiangyang, Hubei).

2014, Frankie KT Neo, “Flooding of Han River at Fancheng [水淹七軍]”, in Guan-Yu the Hero: Romance of the Three Kingdoms [關羽，三國演義英雄], →ISBN, →OCLC, page 51:

A farmer works in the field in the Fancheng District of Xiangyang City, central China's Hubei Province, May 21, 2018.

2018 May 22, “A look at working farmers across China(2/9)”, in Li Yan, editor, China News Service, archived from the original on 2018-05-28:


Liangzihu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 梁子湖 (Liángzihú).

Nevertheless, Lung-chhüan ceramics gained an extremely wide market, both in China and abroad. Several kilns set up in competition to manufacture Lung-chhüan-style wares. For example, in the Sung-Yuan periods I-yang 益陽 in Hunan province was active, while the Liang-tzu-hu 梁子湖 kiln district of Hupei province was a major kiln centre with hundres of kiln localities making Lung-chhüan style greenwares.

[2004, Rose Kerr, Nigel Wood, edited by Rose Kerr, Science and Civilization in China, volume 5, number 12, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 580:

In this experiment, super soft soil in the Liangzihu District of Ezhou city was processed. The author embedded the temperature and humidity sensors to monitor the moisture and temperature changes of the soil near the cathode and anode, and the multimeter was used to measure the current, voltage, and the displacement, which was collected with the sump during the electro-osmosis process.

2016, Lin Rong-Bing et al., “Influence of anode follow-up on electro-osmosis”, in Civil Engineering and Urban Planning IV, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 424:

Echeng, Huarong and Liangzihu are the three districts within the jurisdiction of Ezhou.

2021, Contemporary China’s Land Use Policy: The Link Policy, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 99:


Kapilavastu

From Nepali कपिलवस्तु (kapilavastu), from Sanskrit कपिलवस्तु (kapilavastu), from कपिल (kapila) + वस्तु (vastu).


Wuqing

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 武清 (Wǔqīng).

One property project named Sunrise Apartments in Wuqing, close to the Beijing-Tianjin border, saw prices jump 45 per cent in the last month.

2018 June 15, Frank Tang, “Welcome to the Chinese city of Tianjin: where our housing glut can build you a better future”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-06-15, China: