Jilin

Latin: jilinensis

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 吉林 (Jílín), from Manchu ᡤᡳᡵᡳᠨ (girin).

Ji Lin (alternative)
Chi-lin (alternative)

A prefecture-level city in Jilin, China.

Guangxi · Inner Mongolia · Ningxia · Tibet Autonomous Region · Xinjiang

Beijing · Tianjin · Shanghai · Chongqing


Changchun

/t͡ʃæŋˈt͡ʃʊn/

It costs but from $0.86 to $1.14 per ton to load Japanese coal into the cars at the mines, and as these are under the control of the South Manchuria Railway it is said that coal is freighted to Changchun free.

1915 August 24, Charles K. Moser, “China-Manchuria”, in Supplement to Commerce Reports, number 52h, Harbin, page 3:

A “big-character” wall appearing in Changchun, Kirin Province, on Feb. 2, denounced the Chinese Communist regime’s crackdown on dissidents clamoring for human rights, an intelligence report from the Chinese mainland said April 3.
The wall poster accused the Peiping regime [of] "practicing Fascist totalitarianism," the report said, adding that some 40 people in Changchun had been arrested for putting up wall posters.

1979 April 8, “Wallposter in Kirin”, in Free China Weekly, volume XX, number 13, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:

At least one person was killed and another was injured in a series of explosions Friday afternoon in the northeastern Chinese city of Changchun, the local authorities said.
The police are tentatively treating the explosions as “a criminal case,” the propaganda office of the Changchun Municipal Communist Party Committee said in a statement posted online.

2019 January 25, Austin Ramzy, “Explosions Shake Shopping District in Changchun, China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-01-26, Asia Pacific:

A prefecture-level city and subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Jilin, in northeastern China.

تْشَانْج شُون

a sub-provincial city in northeastern China


Xi'an

Cambridge University Press
Giant Wild Goose Pagoda
Ming Dynasty
Xi'an
Yuan Dynasty

The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 西安 (Xī'ān), usually glossed as meaning "Western Peace" but inclusive of the idea of "Western Pacification" or "Pacified Area", first adopted under the Ming Dynasty in 1369 as the city was conquered from the Yuan and protected with a new wall. An apostrophe is usually required in pinyin to mark any non-initial syllable beginning with a, o, or e in a multi-syllable word. (See 隔音符號 /隔音符号 (géyīn fúhào) for more.) In this case, the apostrophe happens to distinguish the two separate syllables of xī and ān from the monosyllabic words xiān, xián, xiǎn, and xiàn.

Xian (alternative)
Sian (alternative)
Sianfu (alternative)
Hsian (alternative)
Hsi-an (alternative)
Hsi-an-fu (alternative)
Singan (alternative)
Si-ngan (alternative)
Si-ngan-fou (alternative)

In February 2009, the Xi’an District People’s Court in Liaoyuan city, Jilin province, reported that when preparing for a trial involving Falun Gong and other “cult organizations,” the court must first “petition” the municipal 6-10 Office, and only after receiving an affirmative response is the court then permitted to hear the case.

2009 October 10, “Human Rights”, in Congressional-Executive Commission on China Annual Report 2009, Congressional-Executive Commission on China, page 126:

In 2008, Liaoyuan became one of twelve important cities for the economic[…]study, the Xi’an district was chosen as the study area considering the distribution characteristics in Liaoyuan.

2012, Qing Chang, Xue Li, “Land Destruction Extent Assessment Based on RS and GIS in Liaoyuan Mining Area, China”, in 2012 2nd International Conference on Remote Sensing, Environment and Transportation Engineering, Nanjing, →DOI, →ISBN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-07-03, pages 1–4:

In order to further assess the performance and demonstrate the effectiveness of the improved controlled-source audio-frequency magnetotelluric (CSAMT) apparent resistivity pseudo-sections method based on the gradients of frequency-domain controlled-source electromagnetic fields in a practical survey, we present a real data example from the coal mining area of Xi’an District, Liaoyuan City, Jilin Province, China. Liaoyuan City is located in the south of Jilin Province (Fig. 11a), and the survey area is located immediately to the northwest of Liaoyuan City.[…]
Furthermore, the practicability of the proposed imaging method for real-life situations was assessed by its application to field data acquired in the coal mining area of Xi’an District, Liaoyuan City, Jilin Province, China.

2021 February [2020], Ming Zhang, Colin G. Farquharson, Changsheng Liu, “Improved controlled source audio-frequency magnetotelluric method apparent resistivity pseudo-sections based on the frequency and frequency–spatial gradients of electromagnetic fields”, in Geophysical Prospecting, volume 69, number 2, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-06-30, pages 486, 489:


Longshan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 龍山 /龙山 (Lóngshān) (Lóngshān, lit. "Dragon Mountain")

Lung-shan (alternative)
Lung Shan (alternative)
Mount Long (alternative)
Mount Lung (alternative)

Various placenames in China and Taiwan
A district of Liaoyuan, Jilin, China.


Beishan

Translingual: beishanensis, Beishanlong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 北山 (Běishān).

Peishan (alternative)
Pei-shan (alternative)

A subdistrict of Chuanying district, Jilin, Jilin, China.

A subdistrict of Yanji, Yanbian, Jilin, China.


Jinzhu

/d͡ʒɪnˈd͡ʒu/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 金珠 (Jīnzhū).

IN MID-AFTERNOON on March 8 a stone meteor flamed across Kirin, province and at 15:01:59 hours exploded over Chinchu commune outside the city of Kirin, shaking the earth.[…]Most fragments fell in Tatun commune outside Kirin and Chiangmifeng commune in Yungchi county. Larger ones fell in Chinchu commune.

[1976 August, “Huge Meteorite Shower in Kirin”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXV, number 8, China Welfare Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 38, column 1:

A town in Longtan district, Jilin, Jilin, China.


Yanbian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 延邊 /延边 (Yánbiān).

Yenpien (alternative)
Yen-pien (alternative)
Yen-Pien (alternative)

Korean is spoken by a sizable minority in the North-eastern provinces. Yet forty-six percent of all Koreans in China, 540,000 people, live in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous District along the Tumen river.

1975, “The National Minority Languages of China”, in Winfred P. Lehmann, editor, Language and Linguistics in the People's Republic of China, University of Texas Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 124:

There are plenty of soldiers in the surrounding Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, the official Chinese name for the region, mounting guard along the nearby border with the DPRK.[...]Yanbian, Yanji apart, is one of the least densely populated regions of China outside the high plateau of Tibet and the deserts of Xinjiang.

2014, David Eimer, The Emperor Far Away: Travels at the Edge of China, Bloomsbury USA, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 254:

China Earthquake Networks Center said Monday the magnitude 1.3 earthquake occurred in the evening in Hunchun. The city is in northeastern Jilin province’s Yanbian prefecture, known for its large ethnic Korean population, and borders North Korea and Russia.

2019 June 17, “China says suspected blast caused minor quake near N. Korea”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-07-12:

A Korean autonomous prefecture in Jilin, China.

延邊 /延边

Korean autonomous prefecture in northeast China


Hunchun

From Mandarin 琿春 /珲春 (Húnchūn), from Manchu ᡥᡠᠨᠴᡠᠨ (huncun).

Hun-ch'un (alternative)
Hun-chun (alternative)

A convention concluded with China by Count Cassini, the Russian minister at Pekin, in the summer of 1896, in the form in which it was made public, conceded to the Russian Government the privilege of building a branch of the Siberian Railroad from some city in Siberia to Aiyun, in the Amur province, thence southwestward to the provincial capital of Tsitsihar and to Petune, in Kirin, and thence southeastward to the provincial capital of Kirin ; also to make a prolongation from the Russian port of Vladivostok to Hunchun, in Kirin province, and thence to the provincial capital of Kirin.

1897, China (Annual Cyclopaedia), volume 2, D. Appleton & Company, page 137:

The Tumen is not yet so important as the Yalu, but with the development of a rival to Vladivostock, now a closed port, in Hunchun, it is acquiring greater importance.

1910, The Provinces of China, Together with a History of the First Year of H.I.M. Hsuan Tung, and an Account of the Government of China, Shanghai: The National Review Office, →OCLC, →OL, page 155:

The influx into the Chientao (間島) of Corean farmers, hunters, and trappers had long been a burning question before the Governments of China and Japan finally agreed by the Chientao Convention of 1909 or China-Corean Frontier Agreement to recognize the Tumen river as the boundary between Corea and China, and to open Lungchingtsun (龍井村) along with three other places to foreign residence and trade. A Chinese Custom House was accordingly opened here on 1st January 1910, but was made subordinate to the Hunchun (琿春) Customs.² It remained in this subordinate position till July 1924 when the head office was transferred to Lungchingtsun,³ while Hunchun—at which in accordance with the Manchurian Convention of 1905 a Custom House had been opened on 27th December 1909—fell into the position of a branch office. The reason for this deposition of Hunchun was the advent in 1923 of the T’ien T’u (天圖) light railway which running through Lungchingtsun to Yen Chi Fu (延吉府) connected both places with the frontier district of Kaishantun, and thence through Kainei (Hui Ning 會甯) to the Corean port of Seishin.

1938, Stanley F. Wright, “From the Revision that Failed to the Peking Tariff Conference of 1925-1926”, in China's Struggle for Tariff Autonomy: 1843-1938, Paragon Book Gallery, →OCLC, page 406:

Hu-t'ou and Tung-ning fell within the first two days, and by August 11 Mu-leng and Hunchun had fallen.

1978, Illustrated World War II Encyclopedia, volume 20, H. S. Stuttman Inc., →ISBN, →OCLC, page 2701:

In the Chinese border town of Hunchun, garment factories gladly employ squads of North Koreans, who are valued as skilled and dutiful workers.

2018 June 5, Jane Perlez, Iris Zhao, Luz Ding, Su-Hyun Lee, “China’s Trade With North Korea Is Set to Soar With a Trump-Kim Deal”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-06-05, Asia Pacific:

Ten years ago, I joined a U.S. trade delegation for the chance to visit, as a journalist, a remote part of China that borders both North Korea and Russia. As we traveled around, local Chinese greeters proudly pointed out the contrasting vistas: rugged empty hills in North Korea and isolated clusters of Soviet-era buildings in Russia, whereas in China, commerce and construction abounded between booming border towns. In one such town, Hunchun, population 250,000, regional officials asked me if I planned to write anything. Perhaps something cultural, I suggested. I hoped for a window onto Chinese life in this far-flung zone.

2019 September 5, Melik Kaylan, “China Has a Soft-Power Problem”, in The Wall Street Journal, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-12-31:

The Changchun COVID-19 prevention office said the squid had been imported from Russia by a company in Hunchun city and brought to the provincial capital.

2020 September 20, Shivani Singh, Sophie Yu, “Coronavirus found on imported squid packaging in China”, in Philippa Fletcher, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-22, Health News:

A county-level city in Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China, formerly a county.


Jingxin

/ˌd͡ʒɪŋˈʃiːn/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 敬信 (Jìngxìn).

People in multi-national Hunchun County in Northeast China's Yenpien Korean Autonomous Chou (Kirin Province) have made rapid progress in the revolution and production by closing their ranks under the guidance of the Chinese Communist Party's policy towards nationalities.[…]
Chin Cheng-ho, a veteran cadre of Korean nationality, is secretary of the Chinghsin commune party committee. During the Cultural Revolution, he has led the whole commune to learn from Tachai, national pace-setter in agriculture.

[1972 July 27 [1972 July 27], “All Nationalities Help Each Other in Kirin Chou”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 146, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Peking NCNA International Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page G 3:

More speculative plans are afoot for a world-class Tumen River Airport at Jingxin on China's border with Russia which lies on the polar route between Europe and Japan.

1995, Peter J. Rimmer, “Integrating China into East Asia: Cross-border Regions and Infrastructure Networks”, in Stuart Harris, Garry Klintworth, editors, China as a Great Power, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 319:

Uncoordinated expansion by competitive riparian countries would have caused waste or misallocation of scarce capital through overlapping projects, For example, the DPRK is trying to build Sonbong Airport, while China and Russia are holding out for their own international airports, in Jingxin and Khraskino.

2002, Jaeho Hwang, “Economic and Institutional Constraints on the TRADP”, in The Significance of Regionalism as an Element of China's Security and Foreign Policy: The Case of the Tumen River Area Development Project (TRADP) (Thesis), London School of Economics and Political Science, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-05-30, page 259:

For more than a decade, Chinese villagers in the Jingxin village on the Sino-DPRK border became used to hearing the noises of shooting and finding the floating corpses of North Korean escapees in the Tumen River.

2019, Bo Gao, China's Economic Engagement in North Korea (Palgrave Series in Asia and Pacific Studies), Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 94:

A town in Hunchun, Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China, formerly a township and before that a people's commune.


Fangchuan

A ride along the Chinese shore of the Tumen River illustrated its potential for development. From the city of Tumen, which was given a rail link in 1993, all the way to Fangchuan in the southern appendix of the municipality, there lies on the Chinese side a 100-kilometer-long strip of meadow and woodlands.

1997 [1996], Willem van Kemenade, translated by Diane Webb, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Inc., New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 318:

The Chinese border town of Fangchuan, the easternmost point of China’s land border along the Tumen River, is only 2 km from the North Korean border train station at Doo-Man River Lee (an equivalent of a township). The rail and land crossings connect Hunchun conveniently with the three North Korean ports of Rajin (90 km away), Sonbong, and Chongjin. Finally, with the town of Fangchuan only 15 km away from the Sea of Japan, Hunchun marks the closest shipping point from northeastern China to the west coast of Japan, with a distance of 800 km from Niigata (see Liu and Liao, 1993).

2005, Xiangming Chen, As Borders Bend: Transnational Spaces on the Pacific Rim, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 179:

A late-afternoon bus ride through the Yanbian countryside as sunlight glitters on fields of rice and warms the upturned roofs of Korean huts, is one of the most exquisite experiences available in the Northeast during July. The best excuse to take such a ride is Fangchuan, a tiny town at the end of a needle-thin strip of Chinese territory between North Korea and Russia, and China's preeminent border-viewing spot. A view from the tower here (¥20) provides vistas of Russia, North Korea and, on a clear day, the northern edge of Japan.

2012, Simon Foster, Candice Lee, Jen Lin-Liu, Beth Reiber, Tini Tran, Lee Wing-sze, Christopher D. Winnan, Frommer's China (Frommer's), 5th edition, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 184:

Parts of Russia, China and North Korea are seen from a tower in Fangchuan, Hunchun, China, on Aug. 7, 2015. The lake area on the left is in Russia, the land in the middle is in China and the right side of Tumen River is in North Korea.

2015 October 15, Anna Fifield, “A remote corner of China wants access to the sea. The obstacle is North Korea.”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-10-17, Asia & Pacific:

A village in Jingxin, Hunchun, Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China, near the China–North Korea–Russia tripoint area.


Siping

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 四平 (Sìpíng).

In 2015, four teachers at a RYB Education kindergarten in Siping, northeast China, were charged with using sewing needles to jab more than 20 children on their heads, mouths and limbs, supposedly as punishment.

2017 November 24, Chris Buckley, Karoline Kan, “Beijing Kindergarten Is Accused of Abuse, and Internet Erupts in Fury”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-11-24, Asia Pacific:


Tonghua

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 通化 (Tōnghuà).

T'ung-hua (alternative)
Tunghwa (alternative)

An official in the northeastern Chinese city of Tonghua, where residents are barred from leaving their homes amid a strict lockdown, apologized to residents who said they had not been receiving enough food.
Tonghua, an industrial city of about two million people in Jilin Province, went into lockdown on Jan. 20 after the number of recent cases grew to nearly 100.

2021 January 26, Salman Masood, Lin Qiqing, “Chinese city apologizes over food shortages during lockdown, and other news from around the world.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-01-26:

通化

prefecture-level city or county of Jilin, China

In order to improve the line of communications in Manchuria, the Chinese authorities are going to extend the Mukden-Hailung to Linkiang viá Hsinking and Tunghua as requested by the residents of these cities; but in view of the small amount of the product for export by the line, the prospect is not quite favourable. According to semi-official reports, the proposed extension will start at Hsinking for Tunghua, over 320 Chinese li away. Then 20 Chinese li east of Tunghua it will have to negotiate the mountainous region from Tungchangtai and Sanhotzu, necessitating the construction of an extensive tunnel.

[1928 March 8 [1928 February 20], A.N.A., “NEW RAILWAYS IN MANCHURIA.”, in Hongkong Daily Press, number 21,732, Hong Kong, sourced from Peking, →OCLC, page 3, column 3:

Evidently negotiations were successful, since about this time the Red guerrillas" were reported to have expanded their forces by collaborating with the Big Swords in nearby Chinchuan Hsien and with the National Salvation Army in Tunghua and Liuho hsien.

[1983, Chong-Sik Lee, “Radicalism versus United Front among the Guerrillas”, in Revolutionary Struggle in Manchuria: Chinese Communism and Soviet Interest, 1922-1945, University of California Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 214:

Kangmei Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
* Says to cooperate with government of Tonghua county, where healthcare market is worth over 3 billion yuan ($496 million), on medical services

2014 January 15, “China's Kangmei Pharma to cooperate with govt of Tonghua county on medical services”, in Reuters, sourced from Hong Kong and Singapore newsrooms, archived from the original on 2024-10-05:


Yongji

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 永吉 (Yǒngjí).

China's Premier Wen Jiabao waves to locals during his visit to the flood-hit Kouqian town of Yongji county, Jilin province August 3, 2010.

2010 August 4, Ben Blanchard, “China says waters on North Korean border surge”, in Miral Fahmy, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-05-14, ENVIRONMENT:


Changbai

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 長白 /长白 (Chángbái).

Ch'ang-pai (alternative)
Changpai (alternative)

ARF organizations have established themselves in wide areas of China, too, inhabited largely by Koreans. This year the Changbai County Committee of the ARF has been set up, and the Korean National Liberation League has been formed as part of the ARF inside the country.

1980 [1937 March 29], Kim Il-sung, “Let Us Inspire the People with Hopes of National Liberation by Advancing with Large Forces into the Motherland”, in Kim Il Sung Works, volume 1, Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House, →OCLC, pages 122–123:

The radiation level in Changbai Korean autonomous county – the closest Chinese urban area to the Punggye-ri test facility – climbed gradually from an average of 104.9 nanograys per hour immediately after the test on Sunday to 108.5 on Tuesday, according to figures released by China’s environment ministry.

2017 September 6, Stephen Chen, “China detects rising radiation levels in areas close to North Korean nuclear blast site”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-09-06, Diplomacy & Defense:

Three villages in Changbai County and two cities in the northeastern border province of Jilin, have been designated for the camps, according to the document from China Mobile.

2017 December 11, Jane Perlez, “Fearing the Worst, China Plans Refugee Camps on North Korean Border”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-12-11, Asia Pacific:

But a Chinese businessman we met in Changbai County complained that now, he can only deal in pine mushrooms and pine nuts, which he sells to the United States, Japan and South Korea.

2018 April 12, Sue-Lin Wong, Damir Sagolj, “The Cold Frontier, Part Three: A journey along North Korea's edge”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-06-17, APAC:

“[China’s] Changbai county [in Jilin province] and [North Korea’s] Hyesan [city in Yanggang province] are so tense that one barely sees any cars or people around,” said the source, who also asked to remain unnamed.

2018 September 20, Joonho Kim, Joshua Lipes, “North Korea Shuts Down Illegal Cell Phone Access to Chinese Networks Amid Kim-Moon Summit”, in Leejin Jun, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2018-09-20:

A Korean autonomous county in Baishan, Jilin, China.


Tumen

zh-l

圖們／图们 (Túmén)

Another tribe, the Kwiara, live on the frontiers of Korea, on the north bank of the Tumen river, and these are probably also Orochi.

1861, E. G. Ravenstein, The Russians on the Amur, London: Trubner and Co., page 340:

The Tumen river separates Corea from Manchooria, except in the last few miles of its course, when it flows by Russian territory, the south-eastern corner of Siberia.

1895, Trumbull White, The War in the East Japan, China, and Corea, Philadelphia: P.W. Ziegler & Co., →OCLC, →OL, page 374:

The Tumen is not yet so important as the Yalu, but with the development of a rival to Vladivostock, now a closed port, in Hunchun, it is acquiring greater importance.

1910, The Provinces of China, Together with a History of the First Year of H.I.M. Hsuan Tung, and an Account of the Government of China, Shanghai: The National Review Office, →OCLC, →OL, page 155:

Springing northeast from Paektu, the cold Tumen River separates Korea from eastern Manchuria and Siberia. On the Yalu and along the swift-flowing tributaries of the Tumen stand the Japanese-built hydroelectric plants which, until the power lines were cut by the Communists at the 38th parallel, provided 90% of the electricity used in all Korea.

1950 July 24, “Background for War”, in Time, volume LVI, number 4, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 30:

A ride along the Chinese shore of the Tumen River illustrated its potential for development.

1997 [1996], Willem van Kemenade, translated by Diane Webb, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Inc., New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 318:

The Tumen River serves as part of the border between China and North Korea, with the Chinese city of Tumen on the left and the North Korean town of Namyang on the right.

2010 June 9, Sharon LaFraniere, “Views Show How North Korea Policy Spread Misery”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2010-06-11, Asia Pacific:

A river forming part of the border between Jilin, China and North Korea, and the border between Rasŏn, North Korea and Khasansky district, Primorsky Krai, Russia.

When she was ten years old, he was arrested and never heard from again. After that, Grandmother Hwang was abandoned by her family, and ended up working as a farm laborer in Tumen, China—which was then part of the Japanese empire.

2015, Yeonmi Park, Maryanne Vollers, “Swallows and Magpies”, in In Order to Live: A North Korean Girl's Journey to Freedom (Non-fiction), Penguin Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 31:

Trade between China and North Korea has fallen dramatically because of sanctions, but the U.N. has not sanctioned essentials like food.
Towards the end of the day in Tumen, we watched these women cross into China from North Korea.
Tumen is in Yanbian, an official Korean autonomous region which people call “the third Korea” because around half the two million Chinese of Korean descent are registered there. There is a small missionary community in Yanbian - mainly South Koreans, Americans and Europeans. Some of them help North Korean defectors.

2018 April 12, Sue-Lin Wong, “PART 1 A POROUS BORDER The Cold Frontier”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2018-04-12:

A county-level city in Yanbian, Jilin, China


Baishan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 白山 (Báishān).

Baishan hydroelectric station is located 39 km from the downstream Hongshi hydroelectric station and 250 km from the downstream Fengman hydroelectric station, Jilin Province, China, on the upper reaches of the Second Songhua River,[...]In Baishan district the weather is very cold in winter (lowest temperature, -44.5°C; highest temperature, 38.8°C; long-term average, 4.3°C).

1986, Zongyan Guo, Zhou Yukun, “Segment-shaped blasting in Baishan hydroelectric station excavations, China”, in Rock engineering and excavation in an urban environment, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 181:

The accident occurred July 1 at a coal mine near Baishan, a city in Jilin province, the Beijing Evening News reported. It said rescue efforts were finally called off this week and the missing miners declared dead.

2001 July 18, “Report: Floods Kill 21 Coal Miners”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-06-22:


Paektu

The land border is 636 miles long (1,025 km), most of it with China but the last 11 miles of it at the eastern end, with Russia. The border follows two rivers, the westward-flowing Yalu and the east-flowing Tumen, both of which arise from springs on the slopes of Mount Paektu, the sacred peak that is part of the "Ever-white Mountains" on the northeastern border.

2000, Donald N. Clark, “The Story of the Korean People”, in Culture and Customs of Korea, →ISBN, →ISSN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 6:

The Tuman and Yalu rivers dividing Korea and China source from one mountain, Mt Paektu. This volcanic mass of frozen lava smashed out from the wide, elevated planes of dense forest and bogs surrounding it over a million years ago, and has a powerful spiritual symbolism for the Korean people, as indicated in the local tourist literature:[...]Paektu is the backdrop for many of the almighty mosaics and paintings seen across Korea, and its significance for all Koreans is evinced by the dominance of South Koreans in the thriving tourist industry on the Chinese side of the mountain.

2008, Robert Willoughby, “Mt Paektu”, in North Korea (Bradt Travel Guides), 2nd edition, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 197:

Article 169. The national emblem of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea bears the design of a grand hydroelectric power station under Mt. Paektu, the sacred mountain of the revolution, and the beaming light of a five-pointed red star, with ears of rice forming an oval frame, bound with a red ribbon bearing the inscription “The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.”

2017, Socialist Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 36–37:

A mountain on the border between Jilin, China and Ryanggang Province, North Korea.


Baicheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 白城 (Báichéng).

Pai-ch’eng, also called T’AO-AN, Pinyin BAICHENG or TAOAN, city, Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region (tzu-chih-ch’ü), China. It is a county-level municipality (shih) and the administrative centre of Pai-ch’eng Prefecture (ti-ch’ü).

[1991, “Pai-ch’eng”, in The New Encyclopedia Britannica, 15th edition, volume 9, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 62, column 2:

In Baicheng Prefecture of Jilin Province, the entire wool clip is sold directly to wool processors on a clean-yield basis.

1995, John W. Longworth, Colin G. Brown, “Testing Times”, in Agribusiness Reforms in China: The Case of Wool, CAB International, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 89:

China WindPower Group 0182.HK climbed 3.2 percent after it said it had entered into an agreement to be granted exclusive rights to develop wind power projects with a capacity of 1,500 megawatts in Baicheng, in the Jilin province.

2009 July 15, “HK, Shanghai shares buoyed by U.S., China optimism”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-06-26, Investment Services:

Little Lu Chenchen failed to breathe and his heart beat only ten times a minute when he was born at 12:10 pm on Jan 6 in a hospital in Baicheng City, Jilin Province.

2017 January 12, “Asphyxiated newborn survives after 350-km rescue mission”, in huaxia, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2020-01-10:

A prefecture-level city in Jilin, China, formerly a prefecture


Ji'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 集安 (Jí'ān).

A policewoman at the Chinese border town of Ji'an said: "Some leader came yesterday," but declined further comment on reports that the two Kims had traveled there on late on Wednesday.

2010 August 26, Maxim Duncan, Jeremy Laurence, Brett Cole, Kwon Youri, Tabassum Zakaria, Chris Buckley, Jonathan Thatcher, “Kim Jong-il makes surprise China visit: sources”, in Sanjeev Miglani, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2016-03-05, World News:

After watching Mr. Kim’s movements for the past few days, the South Korean authorities said his train had crossed the border with China, traveling from the North Korean town of Manpo to Jian in China, according to an official at the presidential Blue House in Seoul.

[2010 August 26, Choe Sang-Hun, Sharon LaFraniere, “Carter Wins Release of American in North Korea”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-11-09, Asia Pacific:

In particular, the recent opening of a bridge connecting the Chinese city of Jian (集安) and the North Korean town of Manpho (만포, 满浦) suggests that both the DPRK and China seem to be willing to open what would be a third economic cooperation corridor, in addition to the main Dandong-Sinuiju axis and the already existing Hunchun-Rason routes linking North Hamgyong Province with the Yanbian Korean Prefecture of Jilin Province. This was revealed during fieldwork interviews I conducted in Jian and the borderlands in 2018.

[2019 May 3, Théo Clément, “The Jian-Manpho Bridge: Another Failed Attempt at Economic Integration or One More Nail in the Coffin of “Maximum Pressure”?”, in 38 North, archived from the original on 2019-05-05:

A county-level city in Tonghua, Jilin, China.


Longjing

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 龍井／龙井 (Lóngjǐng).

The influx into the Chientao (間島) of Corean farmers, hunters, and trappers had long been a burning question before the Governments of China and Japan finally agreed by the Chientao Convention of 1909 or China-Corean Frontier Agreement to recognize the Tumen river as the boundary between Corea and China, and to open Lungchingtsun (龍井村) along with three other places to foreign residence and trade. A Chinese Custom House was accordingly opened here on 1st January 1910, but was made subordinate to the Hunchun (琿春) Customs.² It remained in this subordinate position till July 1924 when the head office was transferred to Lungchingtsun,³ while Hunchun—at which in accordance with the Manchurian Convention of 1905 a Custom House had been opened on 27th December 1909—fell into the position of a branch office. The reason for this deposition of Hunchun was the advent in 1923 of the T’ien T’u (天圖) light railway which running through Lungchingtsun to Yen Chi Fu (延吉府) connected both places with the frontier district of Kaishantun, and thence through Kainei (Hui Ning 會甯) to the Corean port of Seishin.

[1938, Stanley F. Wright, “From the Revision that Failed to the Peking Tariff Conference of 1925-1926”, in China's Struggle for Tariff Autonomy: 1843-1938, Paragon Book Gallery, →OCLC, page 406:

Longjing county is another part of eastern Jilin province. It is located on the left bank of the middle reaches of the Tumen river. The Longgang range — a branch of the Changbai range — extends into the southern part of its territory.

1995, Zhen-hua Liu, “Recent Neolithic Discoveries in Jilin Province”, in The Archaeology of Northeast China: Beyond the Great Wall, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 95:

The meeting was attended by approximately 30 people involved in youth work, including YCL committee members and heads of children’s departments in the Wangqing area, delegates of young people from Yanji, and student delegates (underground workers) from Longjing.

2008 [1935], Il-sung Kim, “With the Conviction of Independence”, in Kim Il Sung Works, volume 48, Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House, →OCLC, pages 67–68:

* Chinese officials will lift African swine fever-related restrictions in Longjing city, in northeastern Jilin province, the Ministry of Agriculture said on Wednesday

2018 December 19, “China to lift African swine fever limits for city in Jilin province”, in Louise Heavens, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-12, Consumer Products & Retail News:

Five ethnic Korean children prayed in a local church in Longjing, which borders North Korea and is home to a large ethnic Korean community.

2019 February 26, Tiffany May, “Young People Left Behind in China’s Snowbound Rust Belt”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-02-26, Lens:

A county-level city in Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China, across the Tumen River from Hoeryong, North Hamgyong, North Korea.


Helong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 和龍 /和龙 (Hélóng).

The tactics of the General culminated in victory in the battle of Hualatzu, Antu county in March 1940, the battle of Yangtsaokou, Tungnancha, Antu county in April, the battle of Shihliping, Holung county in May and the subsequent battle of Yulangtsun, Holung county.

[1969, Bong Baik, “Large-Troop Circling Operations that Terrified Japanese Imperialism”, in Kim Il Sung Biography: From Birth to Triumphant Return to Homeland, volume I, Tokyo: Miraisha, →OCLC, page 464:

In this large-scale operation of advance into the homeland we plan to dispatch the KPRA in three directions: The main unit will cross the Amnok River and push towards Hyesan, a strongpoint of frontier guards of the Japanese imperialists; another unit is to skirt Mt. Paektu and push on, by way of Antu and Helong, to the northern border area adjoining the Tuman River; and the third unit is to advance as far as the Linjiang and Changbai areas on the shore of the Amnok River.

1980 [1937 March 29], Kim Il-sung, “Let Us Inspire the People with Hopes of National Liberation by Advancing with Large Forces into the Motherland”, in Kim Il Sung Works, volume 1, Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House, →OCLC, page 126:

The Helong city government said a 55-year-old man surnamed Zhao, his 26-year-old daughter and another man aged 67 were killed Saturday. It said in a statement that police from the provincial to the local levels were investigating.[…]
Calls to Helong city and Yanbian prefecture government spokesmen rang unanswered on Thursday.

2015 April 30, Christopher Bodeen, “3 killed in Chinese town where North Koreans blamed in past”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-05-26:

A county-level city in Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China.


Antu

From Mandarin 安圖 /安图 (Āntú, literally “pacify the Tumen”).

bor

The map was of the Antu county of Laoling with a scale of one to 250,000, “the locality where Downey and Fecteau were scheduled to pick up agent Li Chun Ying from their aircraft,” the broadcast said and added that the spot was "clearly marked with a pencil."

1954 December 1, “Chinese Cite Airlift Methods of U.S. Spies”, in Daily Worker, volume XXI, number 239, New York, page 2, column 2:

On their persons they had a detailed map of Antu County in Kirin Province of China and a Chinese-English conversation sheet. Downey admitted that earlier he had trained agents who were air-dropped into China and had contacted them.

1954 December 25, “Uniformed Spy is a Spy, Says Legal Expert Ch’en T’i-ch’iang”, in Jerome Alan Cohen, Hungdah Chiu, editors, People's China and International Law: A Documentary Study, volume 1, Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, published 1974, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 636:

1969, Bong Baik, “Large-Troop Circling Operations that Terrified Japanese Imperialism”, in Kim Il Sung Biography: From Birth to Triumphant Return to Homeland, volume I, Tokyo: Miraisha, →OCLC, page 464:

Our first stop is in Antu County, Kirin Province, a rugged and hilly extension of the Changpai foothills. The temperature in midsummer lingers around 20° C.

1972, Chi Hsin, “Where the Sunghua River Flows”, in The Seeds and Other Stories, Peking: Foreign Languages Press, →OCLC, page 145:

The radiation level in Changbai Korean autonomous county – the closest Chinese urban area to the Punggye-ri test facility – climbed gradually from an average of 104.9 nanograys per hour immediately after the test on Sunday to 108.5 on Tuesday, according to figures released by China’s environment ministry.[…]
Similar upward trends were reported by monitoring stations in other regions, including in Antu county at the foot of Changbai Mountain and in Yanbian Korean autonomous prefecture further north.

2017 September 6, Stephen Chen, “China detects rising radiation levels in areas close to North Korean nuclear blast site”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-09-06, Diplomacy & Defense:

The source said that a friend from Jilin’s Antu county had told him that only border crossing between the two nations by land, across North Korea’s sacred Mt. Paekdu—known in China as Mt. Changbai—had been closed from Sept. 17-21.

2018 September 20, Joonho Kim, Joshua Lipes, “North Korea Shuts Down Illegal Cell Phone Access to Chinese Networks Amid Kim-Moon Summit”, in Leejin Jun, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2018-09-20:

A county of Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China.


Heaven Lake

Thirteenth in population (30,000,000) among the world’s nations, but only 42nd in area, Korea is washed on three sides by salt water—the Japan Sea, the Korea Strait, and the Yellow Sea (see map). It can be said to begin with a mountain, the far northern peak of Paektu (White Head), coated with glistening pumice and sheltering in its ancient crater the deep Dragon Prince’s Pool.

[1950 July 24, “Background for War”, in Time, volume LVI, number 4, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 30:

More than half of the visitors to Changbaishan are families, and many come from big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou in the south.[…]
Many visitors also make the journey up the mountain, about 12 miles from the resort, in a series of buses and death-defying van rides — a day trip that affords the meteorologically fortunate with a view of Heaven Lake in its crater.

2015 August 11, Anna Fifield, “‘Is this really China?’ Euro-style resort offers a slow haven for a new elite.”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-09-10, World:

Today the volcano that straddles the border between China and North Korea is tranquil. Hot springs simmer on the surrounding peaks, wild blueberries grow on its green slopes and a crystal-clear pool called Heaven Lake fills its crater.

2016 December 9, Nicholas St. Fleur, “Only a Rumbling Volcano Could Make North Korea and the West Play Nice”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-12-09, Science:

Moon and Kim took a cable car together to Heaven Lake, a caldera at the top of the mountain, and walked around the area with their wives and officials from both sides.
Pictures showed Moon and Kim smiling and posing with their wives, and Moon filling a bottle with water from the lake.
“The Chinese envy us because they can’t go down to the lake from their side but we can,” Kim said.
“We should write another chapter of history between the North and the South by reflecting our new history on this Heaven Lake.”

2018 September 20, Hyonhee Shin, Joyce Lee, Soyoung Kim, Haejin Choi, Pyongyang Press Corps., “Fulfilling a dream, South Korea's Moon visits sacred North Korean mountain with Kim”, in Lincoln Feast, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2018-11-13, World News:

It left behind a spectacular caldera, with steep walls plunging down from the rim to the shores of Chonji crater lake -- Heaven Lake in English -- with the China frontier running through its placid blue waters.
Made up of rainwater and snowmelt, it is the source of the two rivers that form the border, the Tumen running to the northeast and the Amnok to the southwest, known as the Yalu in China, where the mountain is called Changbaishan.

2019 September 19, “The cataclysm that created a Korean icon”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2022-04-30:

A lake in Mount Paektu on the border between Jilin, China and Samjiyon, Ryanggang Province, North Korea.


Longtan

A forest fire brigade member transfers vegetables in Longtan District, Jilin of northeast China's Jilin Province, March 30, 2022.

2022 April 2, “Xinhua Photo Daily April 2, 2022”, in huaxia, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2022-04-02:


Yanji

The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 延吉 (Yánjí)

Yenchi (alternative)
Yenki (alternative)

The influx into the Chientao (間島) of Corean farmers, hunters, and trappers had long been a burning question before the Governments of China and Japan finally agreed by the Chientao Convention of 1909 or China-Corean Frontier Agreement to recognize the Tumen river as the boundary between Corea and China, and to open Lungchingtsun (龍井村) along with three other places to foreign residence and trade. A Chinese Custom House was accordingly opened here on 1st January 1910, but was made subordinate to the Hunchun (琿春) Customs.² It remained in this subordinate position till July 1924 when the head office was transferred to Lungchingtsun,³ while Hunchun—at which in accordance with the Manchurian Convention of 1905 a Custom House had been opened on 27th December 1909—fell into the position of a branch office. The reason for this deposition of Hunchun was the advent in 1923 of the T’ien T’u (天圖) light railway which running through Lungchingtsun to Yen Chi Fu (延吉府) connected both places with the frontier district of Kaishantun, and thence through Kainei (Hui Ning 會甯) to the Corean port of Seishin.

[1938, Stanley F. Wright, “From the Revision that Failed to the Peking Tariff Conference of 1925-1926”, in China's Struggle for Tariff Autonomy: 1843-1938, Paragon Book Gallery, →OCLC, page 406:

In eastern Manchuria alone, there is a growing tendency to refuse to surrender among the army units stationed in Helong and Yanji; thousands of soldiers, in groups or individually, have already risen up in Wangqing, Antu and other districts.

1980 [1931 December 16], Il-sung Kim, “On Organizing and Waging Armed Struggle Against Japanese Imperialism”, in Kim Il Sung Works, volume 1, Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House, →OCLC, page 38:

In a separate case, North Korea in April sentenced 62-year-old Kim Dong-chul to 10 years in prison with hard labor for “perpetrating . . . subversive plots and espionage” against the state.
Kim, who became an American citizen in 1987 and lived in Fairfax County, Va., moved in 2001 to the Chinese city of Yanji, on the border with North Korea.

2016 September 24, Anna Fifield, “North Korea shows no sign of wanting to talk about releasing two Americans”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-09-24, Asia & Pacific:

I traveled from Yanji to Dandong, along China’s border with North Korea, to learn how tensions are affecting life there.

2017 September 26, Chris Buckley, “Snapshots Along the River Where China Meets North Korea”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-09-26:


Linjiang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 臨江 /临江 (Línjiāng).

In mid-December the enemy sent eight complete divisions to invade the Linchiang area, arrogantly blustering: "We will drive the Communists into the Yalu to bite at the ice. We will drive them up the Changpai Mountains to chew on the rocks."

[1967 January, Tso-peng Li, “Three Campaigns to the South of the Sungari River”, in China Reconstructs, volume XVI, number 1, China Welfare Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 11, column 3:

Although the entire Communist force was driven back to the Korean border by early November, the commanders of the Fourth Column derived some satisfaction from their near destruction of the Nationalist 25th Division, after a fierce four-day battle at Hsin-k’ai-ling, west of K’uantien.* Moreover, their planned withdrawal to the vicinity of Linchiang in southwestern Kirin Province had diverted the Nationalists from exerting major pressure against Lin Piao’s main force at Harbin and Yüshu.

[1973, William W. Whitson, Chen-hsia Huang, “The Fourth Field Army Elite”, in The Chinese High Command: A History of Communist Military Politics, 1927-71, Macmillan Publishers, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 306:

A county-level city in Baishan, Jilin, China.


Fusong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 撫松 /抚松 (Fǔsōng).

Fusong county in China’s cold northeastern Jilin province shut the courses at Wanda’s Changbaishan International Resort, a statement on the local government’s website dated Oct. 13 shows.[…]
The Fusong government said it had on Oct. 9 ordered the resort to cease operations at its golf courses.

2017 October 16, Adam Jourdan, Matt Miller, “In the rough - China closes Wanda golf courses in chilly northeast”, in Himani Sarkar, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-03-18, Business News:

Li Tianyu, 32, a host and owner of a Taobao shop in Jilin’s Fusong county, said it took him three years to gain 130,000 followers. He made his debut broadcast in 2018, after being convinced by a friend that live commerce had big potential.

2022 January 10, Jane Cai, “In China, live-stream sales success stretches from wealthy influencers to savvy farmers”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-01-10, China:


Hunjiang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 渾江／浑江 (Húnjiāng).


Liaoyuan

A barber shop in Liaoyuan, Kirin Province, Northeast China, is described by workers, peasants and soldiers as close to their hearts. Changes in this barber shop show the tranformation^([sic – meaning transformation]) in China's service trades as a result of tempering in the great proletarian cultural revolution launched more than two years ago.

1969 April 23 [1969 April 22], “Kirin Barbershop Serves Peasants, Workers”, in Daily Report: Communist China, volume I, number 78, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Peking NCNA International Service, →OCLC, Communist China: Northeast Region, page G 2:

During its meeting this month, the party-controlled legislature, the National People’s Congress, established a committee to investigate the centers. It recently conducted surprise inspections in Liaoyuan, a city in Jilin Province, the newspaper reported.

2009 March 24, Michael Wines, “China Daily Assails Prisoner Abuses”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2009-04-09, Asia Pacific:

They waited on the platform as our overnight train pulled into Liaoyuan, a small (by Chinese standards) Northeastern city of one million people. They were my first impression of Manchuria, and I liked them immediately.

2015, Michael Meyer, “Quid Pro Quo”, in In Manchuria: A Village Called Wasteland and the Transformation of Rural China, Bloomsbury Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 21:

A prefecture-level city in Jilin, China.


Dunhua

The 20-year-old speaks only a little Korean and has no South Korean friends. She has yet to travel alone beyond Seoul and often spends time chatting online with her friends back in China.
Her mother fled their home in Dunhua city in northeastern China in early 2017 after seeing a fellow North Korean woman in their village being arrested and sent back to North Korea.

2019 December 3, HYUNG-JIN KIM, “Half-North Korean, half-Chinese kids struggle in South Korea”, in AP News, sourced from UIJEONGBU, South Korea (AP), archived from the original on 2023-10-09:


Wangqing

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 汪清 (Wāngqīng).

WANGQING, China – On Dec. 30, the mother of Han Jin O and Han Eu No was arrested as she tried to sneak back into North Korea with a sack of rice on her back and her children by her side.

1999 February 11, John Pomfret, “N. Koreans Export Girls for Marriage”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-12-07, page A30:


Jingyu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 靖宇 (Jìngyǔ).


Jiangyuan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 江源 (Jiāngyuán).

At least 11 workers were killed in a gas explosion in a privately run coal mine in Jilin province on Tuesday, state media reports said.
The blast occurred on the site of an illegal coal mine in Zhaxi, a city in Jiangyuan county in Baishan municipality.

2002 November 28, “11 miners killed in gas blast”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-04-22, Latest:


Dongchang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 東昌 /东昌 (Dōngchāng).

At the conference, a responsible comrade of the provincial Public Security Department spoke to relay the guidelines of the national antidrug work conference and three typical units—the Dongchang District of Tonghua city, Jian city, and Dunhua city—introduced their experiences in the antidrug work.

1991 November 29 [1991 September 25], Wang Chengyong (3769 2052 0516), “Resolutely and Effectively Crack Down on Criminal Activities Related to Drugs”, in Daily Report: China, number 230, sourced from Changchun JILIN RIBAO p 1, translation of original in Chinese, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 68, column 1:


Erdaojiang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 二道江.

In Erdaojiang town, Erdaojiang district, Tonghua, Jilin province, Li Feng, a teacher at the Central Primary School, was sentenced to death for harassing and raping nineteen female students.

2005, Chinese Education and Society: A Journal of Translations, volume 38, numbers 4-6, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 35:


Liuhe

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 柳河 (Liǔhé).

In 1991, 26 Korean middle schools were in Liuhe County, an administrative district of the industrial city of Tonghua in the west of the province, but by 2011 there remained only one.

2016 June 9, Steven Denney, Christopher Green, “How Beijing Turned Koreans Into Chinese”, in The Diplomat, archived from the original on 2016-06-10, Features:


Huinan

The agency said the train plowed into the bus on an unattended crossing in Huinan county, Jilin Province, on Wednesday.

1989 January 19, “32 Are Killed and 41 Injured In Chinese Bus-Train Crash”, in The New York Times, sourced from Reuters, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-25, World:


Meihekou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 梅河口 (Méihékǒu).


Tiantai

A town in the county-level city of Dehui, prefecture-level city of Changchun, Jilin, China.


Dongfeng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東豐 /东丰.


Dongliao

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東遼 /东辽.


Huadian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 樺甸 /桦甸 (Huàdiàn).

A county-level city in Jilin, Jilin, China.


Panshi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 磐石 (Pánshí).

She got married four years ago and moved with her husband to Panshi in northeastern Jilin province.

2018 April 4, Yujing Liu, “Tearful reunion for Chinese couple and their daughter missing for 24 years”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-04-04, China society:


Jiaohe

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 蛟河 (Jiāohé).


Shulan

And on Sunday, Shulan in Jilin Province declared that it was at “high risk” from the epidemic after a rash of at least 15 infections around the area that started with a woman who was reported to have no history of contact with known cases.

2020 May 12, “Under Coronavirus Lockdown, India’s Carbon Emissions Plunge: Live Coverage”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-05-12, The Coronavirus Outbreak: