Republic of Korea

the Republic of Korea (canonical)
ROK (alternative initialism)

Calque of Korean 대한민국(大韓民國) (daehanmin'guk).

calque

Our men have fought with grim gallantry. The soldiers of the Republic of Korea have also been fighting fiercely.

1950 September 1, Harry S. Truman, 1:27 from the start, in MP72-73 Korea and World Peace: President Truman Reports to the People, Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum, National Archives Identifier: 595162:

Official name of South Korea: a country in East Asia.


Democratic People's Republic of Korea

en-proper noun

the Democratic People's Republic of Korea

DPRK (alternative initialism)
DPR Korea (alternative initialism)
People's Democratic Republic of Korea (alternative)

/ˌdɛməˈkɹætɪk ˈpiːpəlz ɹɪˈpʌblɪk əv kəˈɹiːə/

Calque of Korean 조선민주주의인민공화국 (joseonminjujuuiinmin'gonghwaguk)

calque

Official name of North Korea: a country in East Asia.

Republika Popullore Demokratike e Koresë

jumhūriyyat kōriyā d-dimuqrāṭiyya š-šaʕbiyya

جُمْهُورِيَّة كُورِيَا اَلدِّيمُقْرَاطِيَّة اَلشَّعْبِيَّة

Карэ́йская Наро́дна-Дэмакраты́чная Рэспу́бліка

Коре́йска наро́дно-демократи́чна репу́блика

ကိုရီးယားဒီမိုကရက်တစ် ပြည်သူ့သမ္မတနိုင်ငံ

République populaire démocratique de Corée

Lepupalika Kemokalaka ʻo Kōlea o nā Kānaka

הרפובליקה הדמוקרטית העממית של קוריאה

haRepublika haDemokratit ha'Amamit shel Korea

Repubblica Democratica Popolare di Corea

Demokratikung Pangmaldang Republika ning Korea

Demokratikong Pangmadlang Republika ng Korea

Корей Халықтық-Демократиялық Республикасы

សាធារណរដ្ឋប្រជាមានិតប្រជាធិបតេយ្យកូរ៉េ

saathiərĕəʼnaʼrŏət prɑciə miənɨt prɑciəthipaʼtay kouree

ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ເກົາຫຼີ

sā thā la na lat pa sā thi pa tai kao lī

Res Publica Popularis Democratica Coreana

Демо́кратска На́родна Репу́блика Коре́ја

Repoblika demôkratika entim-bahoakan'i Kôrea

Repubblika Demokratika tal-Poplu tal-Korea

Bügd Najramdax Ardčilsan Solongos Ard Uls

Бүгд Найрамдах Ардчилсан Солонгос Ард Улс

Коре́йская Наро́дно-Демократи́ческая Респу́блика

Демо̀кратска̄ На́родна̄ Репу̀блика Коре́ја

කොරියානු ප්රජාතන්ත්රවාදී මහජන ජනරජය

koriyānu prajātantrawādī mahajana janarajaya

Jamhuri ya Kidemokrasia ya Watu wa Korea

Demokratikong Republikang Popular ng Korea

สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนเกาหลี

sǎa-taa-rá-ná-rát bprà-chaa-tí-bpà-dtai bprà-chaa-chon gao-lǐi

Коре́йська Наро́дно-Демократи́чна Респу́бліка

demokratishe mentshn's republik fun koree

דעמאָקראַטישע מענטשנ׳ס רעפּובליק פֿון קאָרעע


Confederate States of America

the Confederate States of America (canonical)

United States of America
United States of America

(historical) An unrecognized nation existing from 1861–1865, consisting of the eleven Southern states who sought independence from the United States of America over the issue of slavery.


Türkmenistan

By this time the Latin Alphabet had been adopted officially by four Turkish-speaking nations: the Azerbaijānīs, the Yakuts, and two small North-Caucasian communities called the Balqars and the Qarachays. Its official adoption in Türkmenistan followed as from February and March 1928.

1928, Arnold J. Toynbee, Veronica Boulter Toynbee, editors, Survey of International Affairs, page 226:

The Turkoman nomads of Central Asia, who today inhabit the Türkmen Soviet Socialist Republic (Türkmenistan) and the northern parts of Iran and Afghanistan (map 5, see page 92), represent perhaps the archetypical weaving society.[…]There are virtually no rugs of significance produced today in Türkmenistan, and the Turkoman tribes who live in Iran and Afghanistan, while they still weave the red rugs, have like all nomadic peoples changed both their lifestyle and their weaving style under the pressures of modern society.

1979, Walter B. Denny, Oriental Rugs, pages 91–92:

Since the earliest days of Türkmenistan’s independence, the Centre has offered English-language classes for a nominal fee.

2013, Victoria Clement, “Central Asia’s Hizmet Schools”, in Greg Barton, Paul Weller, Ihsan Yilmaz, editors, The Muslim World and Politics in Transition: Creative Contributions of the Gülen Movement, Bloomsbury Academic, →ISBN, part three (The Contexts of the Muslim World), page 162:

Alternative form of Turkmenistan: A country in Central Asia


Kazakstan

He rejects the Hemimerina but admits the Arixenina, and brings forward a new suborder, the Archidermaptera, for the fossil species Protodiplatys fortis, described by Martynov from the Jurassic deposits of southern Kazakstan, which has 4-5-segmented tarsi, apparently rudiments of venation in the elytra, and segmented cerci, like the larvae of Diplatys and the Karschiellinae.

1937 January 15, “Current Notes and Short Notices”, in The Entomologist's Record and Journal of Variation, volume XLIX, number 1, page 10:

In a dramatic, secret operation in later 1994, the On-Site Inspection Agency took part in the transfer of weapons-grade materials from Kazakstan to the United States. The Kazakstan government agreed to transfer its highly enriched uranium to the U.S. for safekeeping, in exchange for an undisclosed amount of foreign aid from the United States.

1997 January, David M. Willford, A Brief History of the On-Site Inspection Agency, page 8:

The Daur minority is another Mongolian-speaking group, most of whom live near the town of Tacheng (Qochek), near the Kazakstan border.

1998, Linda Benson, Ingvar Svanberg, China's Last Nomads, M. E. Sharpe, →ISBN, page 25:

Alternative form of Kazakhstan: A country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe.


Bharat

Transliteration from Hindustani भारत / بھارَت (bhārat), from Sanskrit भारत (bhārata). Related to Bharata.

In Why Bharat Matters (“Bharat” is the Modi-favoured Hindi word for India, and he uses it throughout), Jaishankar makes a compelling case that the world needs an economically growing, diplomatically nimble and digitally connected India, not least at a time of US decline.

[2024 May 4, John Reed, “How to interpret India?”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 9:

(chiefly India, poetic) India: the Republic of India.


Congo-Brazzaville

From Congo + Brazzaville to distinguish it from its neighbour, Congo-Kinshasa.

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English

the Republic of the Congo

Synonym of the Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa, the smaller of the two countries named Congo. Capital: Brazzaville.


Congo-Kinshasa

From Congo + Kinshasa to distinguish it from its neighbour, Congo-Brazzaville.

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Synonym of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa, the larger of the two countries named Congo. Capital: Kinshasa.

Kongo-Kinshasa

Congo-Kinshasa — see also Democratic Republic of the Congo


Papal States

en-proper noun

the Papal States pl (normally plural, singular Papal State)

the Papal States (canonical plural)
Papal State (singular)

On the model of Italian Stati Pontifici, plural of Stato Pontificio; compare the dated direct calque Pontifical States. The plural is typical in English and reflects the Papal States’ highly regionalised administration, but in various European languages, including contemporary Italian, the singular is more common.

(historical) A country in southern Europe that existed until 1870, comprising the territories of Italy (and some enclaves in France) over which the pope was the ruler in a civil as well as a spiritual sense.


United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

UKGBNI (alternative initialism)
UKoGBaNI (alternative initialism)
UKOGBANI (alternative initialism)

/jʊˈnaɪtɪd ˈkɪŋdəm əv ˌɡɹeɪt ˈbɹɪtən ən ˌnɔː(ɹ)ðə(ɹ)n ˈaɪə(ɹ)lənd/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Persent101-United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.wav

Derived from United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, following the Irish Independence and the Partition of Ireland in 1922, leaving Northern Ireland to stay in the United Kingdom.

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Official name of the United Kingdom: a country in Northern Europe.

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Verenigde Koninkryk van Groot-Brittanje en Noord-Ierland

Mbretëria e Bashkuar e Britanisë së Madhe dhe Irlandës së Veriut

የታላቋ ብሪታኒያ እና የሰሜን አየርላንድ ንጉዛት ኅብረት

yätalaḳʷa bəritaniya ʾəna yäsämen ʾäyärland nəguzat ḫəbrät

al-mamlaka l-muttaḥida li-birīṭāniyā l-ʕuẓmā wa-ʔayirlandā š-šamāliyya

الْمَمْلَكَة الْمُتَّحِدَة لِبِرِيطَانِيَا الْعُظْمَى وَأَيِرْلَنْدَا الشَّمَالِيَّة

Mec Britaniayi ew Hyusisayin Iṙlandiayi Miacʻyal Tʻagavorutʻyun

Մեծ Բրիտանիայի և Հյուսիսային Իռլանդիայի Միացյալ Թագավորություն

Böyük Britaniya və Şimali İrlandiya Birləşmiş Krallığı

Бөјүк Британија вә Шимали Ирландија Бирләшмиш Краллығы

Böyök Britaniyanıñ həm Tönyaq İrlandiyanıñ Berləşkən Korollege

Бөйөк Британияның һәм Төньяҡ Ирландияның Берләшкән Короллеге

Britainia Handia eta Ipar Irlandako Erresuma Batua

Zlúčanaje Karaljéŭstva Vjalíkabrytánii i Paŭnóčnaj Irlándyi

Злу́чанае Карале́ўства Вялі́кабрыта́ніі і Паўно́чнай Ірла́ндыі

গ্রেট ব্রিটেন ও উত্তর আয়ারল্যান্ড যুক্তরাজ্য

Rouantelezh-Unanet Breizh-Veur ha Norzhiwerzhon

Obedinéno králstvo Velikobritánija i Séverna Irlándija

Обедине́но кра́лство Великобрита́ния и Се́верна Ирла́ндия

yunuiktak kang:dam:auhp. ga.ritbri.tinhnang. mrauk-uing-yalan

ယူနိုက်တက် ကင်းဒမ်းအော့ဖ် ဂရိတ်ဗြိတိန်နှင့် မြောက်အိုင်ယာလန်

Regne Unit de Gran Bretanya i Irlanda del Nord

大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯合王國 /大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国

daai⁶ bat¹ lit⁶ din¹ kap⁶ bak¹ oi³ ji⁵ laan⁴ lyun⁴ hap⁶ wong⁴ gwok³

大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯合王國 /大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国

Dà-Bùlièdiān jí Běi-Ài'ěrlán Liánhé Wángguó

Ruwvaneth Unys Breten Veur ha Wordhon Gledh

Büyük Britaniya ve Şimaliy İrlandiya Qоşma Qırallığı

Spojené království Velké Británie a Severního Irska

Det Forenede Kongerige Storbritannien og Nordirland

Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Noord-Ierland

Unuiĝinta Reĝlando de Granda Britio kaj Nord-Irlando

Suurbritannia ja Põhja-Iiri Ühendkuningriik

Sameinda kongsríkið Stórabretland og Norðurírland

Ison-Britannian ja Pohjois-Irlannin yhdistynyt kuningaskunta

Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d’Irlande du Nord

Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda do Norte

didi briṭanetisa da črdiloet irlandiis gaertianebuli samepo

დიდი ბრიტანეთისა და ჩრდილოეთ ირლანდიის გაერთიანებული სამეფო

Vereinigtes Königreich Großbritannien und Nordirland

Inoméno Vasíleio tis Megális Vretanías kai tis Voreíou Irlandías

Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο της Μεγάλης Βρετανίας και της Βορείου Ιρλανδίας

yunāiṭeḍ kiṅgḍam opha greṭ briṭan ane uttarīya āyarlenḍ

યુનાઇટેડ કિંગડમ ઓફ ગ્રેટ બ્રિટન અને ઉત્તરીય આયર્લેન્ડ

ha-mamlakha ha-me'ukhedet shel britanya ha-g'dola u-ts'fon 'irland

הַמַּמְלָכָה הַמְאוּחֶדֶת שֶׁל בְּרִיטַנְיָה הַגְּדוֹלָה וּצְפוֹן אִירְלַנְד

bŕhad briṭen aur uttarī āyarlaiṇḍ kā yūnāīṭeḍ kiṅgḍam

बृहद् ब्रिटेन और उत्तरी आयरलैण्ड का यूनाईटेड किंगडम

Nagy-Britannia és Észak-Írország Egyesült Királysága

Hið sameinaða konungsríki Stóra-Bretlands og Norður-Írlands

Nagkaykaysa a Pagarian ti Kadakkelan a Bretaña ken Amianan nga Irlanda

Kerajaan Bersatu Britania Raya dan Irlandia Utara

Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Thuaisceart Éireann

Regno Unito di Gran Bretagna e Irlanda del Nord

グレートブリテン及び北アイルランド連合王国

グレートブリテンおよびきたアイルランドれんごうおうこく

Gurēto Buriten oyobi Kita Airurando Rengō Ōkoku

Ik Britişin boln Ar Gäälgüdin Niitsätä Nutg

Ик Бритишин болн Ар Гәәлгүдин Ниицәтә Нутг

grēṭ briṭan hāgū uttara airleṇḍna yunaiṭeḍ kiṅgḍaṃ

ಗ್ರೇಟ್ ಬ್ರಿಟನ್ ಹಾಗೂ ಉತ್ತರ ಐರ್ಲೆಂಡ್ನ ಯುನೈಟೆಡ್ ಕಿಂಗ್ಡಂ

Ūlybritaniä jäne Soltüstık İrlandiä Qūrama Patşalyğy

Ұлыбритания және Солтүстік Ирландия Құрама Патшалығы

Ūlybritaniä jäne Soltüstık İrlandiä Bırıkken Koroldıgı

Ұлыбритания және Солтүстік Ирландия Біріккен Корольдігі

Ūlybritaniä jäne Soltüstık İrlandiä Bırıkken Patşalyğy

Ұлыбритания және Солтүстік Ирландия Біріккен Патшалығы

រាជាណាចក្ររួមនៃសហភាពអង់គ្លេស និង អៀរឡង់ខាងជើង

그레이트브리튼 북아일랜드 연합 왕국

Geureiteubeuriteun bugaillaendeu yeonhap wangguk

대브리텐 및 북아일랜드 련합 왕국

Daebeuriten mit bugaillaendeu ryeonhap wangguk

Keyaniya Yekbûyî ya Brîtaniya Mezin û Bakurê Îrlendayê

ສະຫະລາຊະອານາຈັກເບຕາຍໃຫຍ່ແລະອຽກລັງເໜືອ

sa ha lā sa ʼā nā chak bē tāi h læ ʼīak lang nư̄a

Lielbritānijas un Ziemeļīrijas Apvienotā Karaliste

Jungtinė Didžiosios Britanijos ir Šiaurės Airijos Karalystė

Vereenegt Kinnekräich vu Groussbritannien an Nordirland

Obedineto Kralstvo na Velika Britanija i Severna Irska

Обединето Кралство на Велика Британија и Северна Ирска

Kerajaan Bersatu Britain Raya dan Ireland Utara

Ir-Renju Unit tal-Gran Brittanja u l-Irlanda ta’ Fuq

Reeriaght Unnaneysit ny Bretyn Mooar as Nerin Hwoaie

Ko te Kīngatanga Kotahi o Piritene Nui me Airangi ki te Raki

greṭ briṭan va uttar āyarlaṇḍce saiyukta rājtantra

ग्रेट ब्रिटन व उत्तर आयर्लंडचे संयुक्त राजतंत्र

didi briṭanetiš do oorue irlandiaš goartoianapili omape

დიდი ბრიტანეთიშ დო ოორუე ირლანდიაშ გოართოიანაფილი ომაფე

Tótaʼ Dineʼé dóó Náhookǫsjí Bitsiighaʼ Łichííʼí Bikéyah Ałhidadiidzooígíí

belāyat ra uttarī āyaralyānḍako samyukta adhirājya

बेलायत र उत्तरी आयरल्यान्डको संयुक्त अधिराज्य

Rouoyaume Unni d'la Grande Brétangne et d'l'Irlande du Nord

Det forente kongerike Storbritannia og Nord-Irland

Det sameinte kongeriket Storbritannia og Nord-Irland

Styr Britani æmæ Cægat Irlandijy Iwgond Padʒaxad

Стыр Британи ӕмӕ Цӕгат Ирландийы Иугонд Паддзахад

Nankasakey a Panarian na Karaklan a Bretaña tan Amianen ya Irlanda

pâdešâhi-ye mottahed-e beritâniyâ-ye kabir va irland-e šomâli

پادشاهی متحد بریتانیای کبیر و ایرلند شمالی

Zjednoczone Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii Północnej

Reino Unido da Grã-Bretanha e da Irlanda do Norte

gareṭ briṭen ate uttarī āiralaiṇḍ dī sãyukat rājśāhī

ਗਰੇਟ ਬ੍ਰਿਟੇਨ ਅਤੇ ਉੱਤਰੀ ਆਇਰਲੈਂਡ ਦੀ ਸੰਯੁਕਤ ਰਾਜਸ਼ਾਹੀ

Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii și al Irlandei de Nord

Sojedinjónnoje Korolévstvo Velikobritánii i Sévernoj Irlándii

Соединённое Короле́вство Великобрита́нии и Се́верной Ирла́ндии

Iunaite Malo o Peretānia Tele ma Aialani i Matu

Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Northren Ireland

Unitit Kinrick o Greet Breetain an Northren Ireland

Unitit Kinrick o Greet Breetain an Norlin Airlan

Unitit Kinrick o Greet Britain an Norlin Airlann

An Rìoghachd Aonaichte Bhreatainn is Èireann a Tuath

Уједињено Краљевство Велике Британије и Северне Ирске

Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo Velike Britanije i Sjeverne Irske

Regnu Unitu dâ Britagna Granni e di l'Irlanna dû Norti

mahā britānya hā uturu ayarlanta eksat rājadhāniya

මහා බ්රිතාන්ය හා උතුරු අයර්ලන්ත එක්සත් රාජධානිය

Spojené kráľovstvo Veľkej Británie a Severného Írska

Združeno kraljestvo Velike Britanije in Severne Irske

Midowga boqortooyada Britan iyo woqooyiga Ireland

Zjadnośone kralojstwo Wjelikeje Britaniskeje a Pódpołnocneje Irskeje

Zjednoćene kralestwo Wulkobritaniskeje a Sewjerneje Irskeje

Reino Unido de Gran Bretaña e Irlanda del Norte

Förenade konungariket Storbritannien och Nordirland

Nagkakaisang Kaharian ng Kalakhang Bretaña at Hilagang Irlanda

Podšohi-yi Muttahida-yi Britaniya-yi Kabir va Irlandiya-yi Šimoli

Подшоҳии Муттаҳидаи Британияи Кабир ва Ирландияи Шимолӣ

periya pirittāṉiyā maṟṟum vaṭa ayarlāntiṉ aikkiya irācciyam

பெரிய பிரித்தானியா மற்றும் வட அயர்லாந்தின் ஐக்கிய இராச்சியம்

yunaiṭeḍ kiṅgḍam āph grēṭ briṭan mariyu dakṣiṇa airlāṇḍ

యునైటెడ్ కింగ్డమ్ ఆఫ్ గ్రేట్ బ్రిటన్ మరియు దక్షిణ ఐర్లాండ్

สหราชอาณาจักรบริเตนใหญ่และไอร์แลนด์เหนือ

สหราชอาณาจักรเกรตบริเตนและนอร์เทิร์นไอร์แลนด์

Büyük Britanya ve Kuzey İrlanda Birleşik Krallığı

Beýik Britaniýanyň we Demirgazyk Irlandiýanyň Birleşen Patyşalygy

Бейик Британияның ве Демиргазык Ирландияның Бирлешен Патышалыгы

Spolúčene Korolívstvo Velýkoji Brytániji ta Pivníčnoji Irlándiji

Сполу́чене Королі́вство Вели́кої Брита́нії та Півні́чної Ірла́ндії

muttahidā mamlakat-e britānyā-e kabīr va śumālī āirlaiṇḍ

متحدہ مملکتِ برطانیہ کبیر و شمالی آئرلینڈ

mamlakat-e muttahida-e azīm britānya-o śumālī āirlaiṇḍ

مملکت متحدہ عظیم برطانیہ و شمالی آئرلینڈ

mamlakat-e muttahida-e britānya-e uzma-o śumālī āiristān

مملکت متحدہ برطانیہ عظمیٰ و شمالی آئرستان

Buyuk Britaniya va Shimoliy Irlandiya Birlashgan Qirolligi

Буюк Британия ва Шимолий Ирландия Бирлашган Қироллиги

Vương quốc Liên hiệp Anh và Bắc Ái Nhĩ Lan

Teyrnas Unedig Prydain Fawr a Gogledd Iwerddon

Feriene Keninkryk fan Grut-Brittanje en Noard-Ierlân

fareynikte kinigraykh fun groysbritanye un tsofn irland

פֿאַראייניקטע קיניגרײַך פֿון גרויסבריטאַניע און צפֿון אירלאַנד

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland


Federated States of Micronesia

/ˈfɛdəˌɹeɪtɪd ˈsteɪts əv ˌmaɪkɹəˈniːʒə/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Soundguys-Federated States of Micronesia.wav

The official name of Micronesia, a country consisting of about 600 islands in Oceania. Capital: Palikir.

Eʼeʼaahjí Tónteel bikáaʼgi Kéyah Yázhí dah Ndaaʼeełgo Ałhidadiidzooígíí


Brunei Darussalam

Clipping of Malay Negara Brunei Darussalam.

Islam spread rapidly when Sharif Ali from Taif, Saudi Arabia, who was a descendant of the Prophet's grandson, Sayidina Hasan, became Sultan (Seri Sultan Berkat), succeeding his fatherin-law, Sultan Ahmad. His orderly and just rule based on Islam made Brunei Darussalam a respected and powerful country.

1992, Broadcasting and Information Department, Prime Minister's Office. Brunei, Brunei Darussalam, page 11:

Brunei Darussalam is situated on the north-west of the island of Borneo, between east longitudes 114 degrees 04' and 11 degrees 23' and north latitudes of 4 degrees 00' and 5 degrees 05'.

2007, USA International Business Publications, Brunei Air Force Handbook, →ISBN, page 21:

To inform the future direction and development of inclusive education policy and practice in Brunei Darussalam, it is important that current practices related to school and tertiary levels be monitored and evaluated.

2007, Commonwealth Secretariat, Commonwealth Education Partnerships, →ISBN:

The official name of Brunei, a country in Southeast Asia.


Syrian Arab Republic

Calque of Arabic الْجُمْهُورِيَّة الْعَرَبِيَّة السُّورِيَّة (al-jumhūriyya l-ʕarabiyya s-sūriyya).

calque

Official name of Syria: a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East.

阿拉伯敘利亞共和國 /阿拉伯叙利亚共和国

aa³ laai¹ baak³ zeoi⁶ lei⁶ aa³ gung⁶ wo⁴ gwok³

叙利亚阿拉伯共和国

Si-li-á Â-lâ-pak Khiung-fò-koet, Si-li-â Â-lâ-pak Khiung-fò-koet

叙利亚阿拉伯共和国

Sū-lī-a A-la-pek Kiōng-hô-kok, Su-lī-a A-la-pek Kiōng-hô-kok


Timor-Leste

From Portuguese Timor-Leste (literally “East Timor”).

uder

East Timor (a country in Southeast Asia occupying half the island of Timor)


United Republic of Tanzania

the United Republic of Tanzania (canonical)

Official name of Tanzania: a country in East Africa.


Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela

Calque of Spanish República Bolivariana de Venezuela

calque

Official name of Venezuela: a country in South America.


Dahomey

From Fon dã homè (“belly of Dã; snake's belly”).

bor

Republic of Dahomey
Republic of Dahomey#English

(historical) Former name of Benin: a country in West Africa; used from 1958–1975. Official name: Republic of Dahomey.


Togoland

(historical) A former German protectorate in Africa, in what is now Togo.


Kosova

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Alternative form of Kosovo: A partly-recognized country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe.


Nusantara

From Indonesian Nusantara, from Javanese Nusantara (ꦤꦸꦱꦤ꧀ꦠꦫ, “the islands, Indonesia”), from Old Javanese nūsāntara (“the outer islands”).

der

Deutschland is the endonym of Germany, Nihon is the endonym of Japan, Bharat is the endonym of India, meanwhile Nusantara is the endonym of Indonesia.

Republic of Indonesia
Republic of Indonesia

A country in Southeast Asia: Endonym for the Republic of Indonesia, including everything contained within it (i.e., covering the regions, people, cultures, languages, etc.).


Republic of Finland

Long form of Finland: a country in Northern Europe.


Republic of the Philippines

the Republic of the Philippines (canonical)

Official name of the Philippines: a country in Southeast Asia.


Cabo Verde

Borrowed from Portuguese Cabo Verde (literally “green cape”), from cabo (“cape”) + verde (“green”).

bor+

Synonym of Cape Verde: an archipelago and country in West Africa.


Republic of Singapore

Official name of Singapore: a city-state in Southeast Asia.


Republic of Senegal

Official name of Senegal: a country in West Africa.


Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal

en-proper noun

the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal

Official name of Nepal: a country in South Asia.

尼泊爾聯邦民主共和國 /尼泊尔联邦民主共和国

nei⁴ pok³ ji⁵ lyun⁴ bong¹ man⁴ zyu² gung⁶ wo⁴ gwok³

Nepáli Szövetségi Demokratikus Köztársaság

Poblacht Chónaidhme Dhaonlathach Neipeal

សាធារណរដ្ឋប្រជាធិបតេយ្យសហព័ន្ធនេប៉ាល់

sa thea rak nak roth bro jea thib tai sak hak pourn nei pal


Republic of Ghana

Official name of Ghana: a country in West Africa.


Lebanese Republic

Official name of Lebanon: a country in West Asia, in the Middle East.


Republic of Mozambique

Official name of Mozambique: a country in East Africa and Southern Africa.


Republic of Madagascar

Official name of Madagascar: an island country off the east coast of Africa.


Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

Official name of Ethiopia: a country in East Africa.

جمهوريَة أثيوبيا الفدراليَة الديمقراطيَة

Federale Democratische Republiek Ethiopië

Etióp Szövetségi Demokratikus Köztársaság

Poblacht Dhaonlathach Chónaidhme na hAetóipe

សាធារណរដ្ឋប្រជាធិបតេយ្យសហព័ន្ធអេត្យូពី

sa thea rak nak roth bro jea thib tai sak hak pourn ei tyo pi

Republica Federală Democratică a Etiopiei


Republic of Namibia

Official name of Namibia: a country in Southern Africa.


Islamic Republic of Mauritania

the Islamic Republic of Mauritania (canonical)

Official name of Mauritania: a country in West Africa.


Republic of Armenia

Calque of Armenian Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն (Hayastani Hanrapetutʻyun)

calque

Հայաստանի Հանրապետություն

Official name of Armenia: a country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe.


Tadzhikistan

Alternative spelling of Tajikistan: A country in Central Asia


Hellenic Republic

Calque of Greek Ελληνική Δημοκρατία (Ellinikí Dimokratía).

Ελληνική Δημοκρατία

Official name of Greece: a country in Southeast Europe.


Nagorno-Karabakh Republic

the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (canonical)

/nəˌɡɔːnəʊ kɑːɹəˈbɑːk ɹɪˌpʌblɪk/

(historical) An erstwhile Armenian-populated republic with limited recognition in the Nagorno-Karabakh region of the South Caucasus that existed between 1991 and 2024.

הָרֶפּוּבְּלִיקָה שֶׁל נַגוֹרְנוֹ־קַרָבָּאך


French Republic

Official name of France: a country in Western Europe.


United Kingdom of Great Britain

the United Kingdom of Great Britain (canonical)


en-proper noun

the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

(historical) Former official name of the United Kingdom: a country in Northern Europe; in use from 1801–1927 (before being renamed by the Royal and Parliamentary Titles Act 1927 following the creation of the Irish Free State in 1922).

Verenigde Koninkryk van Groot-Brittanje en Ierland

Mbretëria e Bashkuar e Britanisë së Madhe dhe Irlandës

al-mamlaka(t) al-muttaḥida(t) libirīṭāniyā l-ʕuẓmā waʔayirlandā

الْمَمْلَكَة الْمُتَّحِدَة لِبِرِيطَانِيَا الْعُظْمَى وَأَيِرْلَنْدَا

Mec Britaniayi ew Iṙlandiayi Miacʻyal Tʻagavorutʻyun

Մեծ Բրիտանիայի և Իռլանդիայի Միացյալ Թագավորություն

Böyük Britaniya və İrlandiya Birləşmiş Krallığı

Britainia Handia eta Irlandako Erresuma Batua

Zlúčanaje Karaljéŭstva Vjalíkabrytánii i Irlándyi

Злу́чанае Карале́ўства Вялі́кабрыта́ніі і Ірла́ндыі

greiṭ briṭen eboṅ aẏarolênḍer juktorajjo

গ্রেইট ব্রিটেন এবং আয়ারল্যাণ্ডের যুক্তরাজ্য

Obedineno kralstvo Velikobritanija i Irlandija

Обединено кралство Великобритания и Ирландия

Regne Unit de la Gran Bretanya i Irlanda

Spojené království Velké Británie a Irska

Det Forenede Kongerige Storbritannien og Irland

Verenigd Koninkrijk van Groot-Brittannië en Ierland

Suurbritannia ja Iirimaa Ühendkuningriik

Sameinda kongsríkið Stórabretland og Írland

Ison-Britannian ja Irlannin yhdistynyt kuningaskunta

Royaume-Uni de Grande-Bretagne et d’Irlande

didi briṭanetisa da irlandiis gaertianebuli samepo

დიდი ბრიტანეთისა და ირლანდიის გაერთიანებული სამეფო

Vereinigtes Königreich Großbritannien und Irland

Inoméno Vasíleio tis Megális Vretanías kai tis Irlandías

Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο της Μεγάλης Βρετανίας και της Ιρλανδίας

ha-mamlakha ha-me'ukhedet shel britanya ha-g'dola u-'irland

הַמַּמְלָכָה הַמְאוּחֶדֶת שֶׁל בְּרִיטַנְיָה הַגְּדוֹלָה וּאִירְלַנְד

Nagy-Britannia és Írország Egyesült Királysága

Hið sameinaða konungsríki Stóra-Bretlands og Írlands

Kerajaan Serikat Britania Raya dan Irlandia

Ríocht Aontaithe na Breataine Móire agus Éireann

グレートブリテン及びアイルランド連合王国

グレートブリテンおよびアイルランドれんごうおうこく

Gurēto Buriten oyobi Airurando Rengōōkoku

Coniunctum Britanniae Magnae et Hiberniae Regnum

Lielbritānijas un Īrijas Apvienotā Karaliste

Jungtinė Didžiosios Britanijos ir Airijos karalystė

Obedineto Kralstvo na Velika Britanija i Irska

Обединето Кралство на Велика Британија и Ирска

Kerajaan Bersatu Britain Raya dan Ireland

Det forente kongerike Storbritannia og Irland

Det sameinte kongeriket Storbritannia og Irland

پادشاهی متحد بریتانیای کبیر و ایرلند

pâdešâhi-ye mottahed-e beritâniyâ-ye kabir va irland

Zjednoczone Królestwo Wielkiej Brytanii i Irlandii

Regatul Unit al Marii Britanii și Irlandei

Sojedinjónnoje Korolévstvo Velikobritánii i Irlándii

Соединённое Короле́вство Великобрита́нии и Ирла́ндии

Unitit Kinrick o Great Breetain an Ireland

An Rìoghachd Aonaichte Bhreatainn is Èireann

Уједињено Краљевство Велике Британије и Ирске

Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo Velike Britanije i Irske

Spojené kráľovstvo Veľkej Británie a Írska

Združeno kraljestvo Velike Britanije in Irske

Förenade kungariket Storbritannien och Irland

Büyük Britanya ve İrlanda Birleşik Krallığı

Spolúčene Korolívstvo Velýkoji Brytániji ta Irlándiji

Сполу́чене Королі́вство Вели́кої Брита́нії та Ірла́ндії

Feriene Keninkryk fan Grut-Brittanje en Ierlân

dos fareynikte kinigraykh fun groysbritanye un irland

דאָס פֿאַראייניקטע קיניגרײַך פֿון גרויסבריטאַניע און אירלאַנד


Great Britain and Ireland

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland#English

shortened form of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801–1921) Abbreviation: GBI.


Great Britain and Northern Ireland

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland#English

shortened form of United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1922-Present) Abbreviation: GBNI.

មហាប៊្រីតថេននិងអៀរឡង់ខាងជើង

mo ha brit tein ning ear long khang jerng


Arab Republic of Egypt

Calque of Arabic جُمْهُورِيَّة مِصْر الْعَرَبِيَّة (jumhūriyyat miṣr al-ʕarabiyya).

calque

جُمْهُورِيَّة مِصْر الْعَرَبِيَّة

Official name of Egypt: a country in North Africa and Western Asia.


Commonwealth of the Bahamas

the Commonwealth of the Bahamas (canonical)

/ˈkɑmənwɛlθ əv ðə bəˈhɑməz/

/ˈkɒmənwɛlθ əv ðə bəˈhɑːməz/

Commonwealth of The Bahamas
Commonwealth of The Bahamas#English

Alternative form of Commonwealth of The Bahamas: Official name of the Bahamas: an island country in the Caribbean.


Commonwealth of Dominica

Official name of Dominica: an island country in the Caribbean.


Federal Republic of Germany

the Federal Republic of Germany (canonical)
FRG (alternative initialism)

Calque of German Bundesrepublik Deutschland.

cal

(since 1949) The official name of a German-speaking country in Europe.

(1990–today) Official name of Germany: a country in Central Europe, reunified with the former East Germany.

جُمْهُورِيَّة أَلْمَانِيَا اَلاِتِّحَادِيَّة

សាធារណរដ្ឋសហព័ន្ធអាល្លឺម៉ង់

sa thea rak nak roth sak hak pon a ller mong


Southern Ireland

The short-lived autonomous region of the United Kingdom established on 3 May 1921 and dissolved on 6 December 1922, superseded by the Irish Free State.


Republic of Albania

Official name of Albania: a country in Southeast Europe.


Land of the Rising Sun

Loose calque of Japanese 日本 (Nihon, “Japan”, literally “origin of the sun”) or 日の本の国 (Hinomoto-no-kuni, literally “land of the sun's origin”).

calque

(periphrasis) Japan (a country in Asia).


Bahrayn

Alternative spelling of Bahrain: An archipelago, island, and country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf


Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (canonical)

Official name of Jordan: a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East.

الْمَمْلَكَة الْأُرْدُنِيَّة الْهَاشِمِيَّة

הַמַּמְלָכָה הַיַּרְדֵּנִית הַהַאשֶׁמִית


People's Republic of Bangladesh

the People's Republic of Bangladesh (canonical)

Official name of Bangladesh: a country in South Asia.


Islamic Republic of Pakistan

the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (canonical)

Official name of Pakistan: a country in South Asia.

جُمْهُورِيَّة بَاكِسْتَان الْإِسْلَامِيَّة

パキスタン・イスラム共和国

パキスタン・イスラムきょうわこく


en-proper noun

the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka

Official name of Sri Lanka: an island country in South Asia.

jumhūriyya sirīlānkā ad-dīmuqrāṭiyya al-ištirākiyya

جُمْهُورِيَّة سِرِيلَانْكَا اَلدِّيمُقرَاطِيَّة اَلِاشْتِرَاكِيَّة

Šri Lankayi Demokratakan Socʻialistakan Hanrapetutʻyun

Շրի Լանկայի Դեմոկրատական Սոցիալիստական Հանրապետություն

Sri Lankako Errepublika Sozialista Demokratikoa

Demakratyčnaja Sacyjalistyčnaja Respublika Šry-Lanka

Дэмакратычная Сацыялістычная Рэспубліка Шры-Ланка

gonotantrik śomajotantrik projatontri sriloṅka

গণতান্ত্রিক সমাজতান্ত্রিক প্রজাতন্ত্রী শ্রীলঙ্কা

Demokratična socialističeska republika Šri Lanka

Демократична социалистическа република Шри Ланка

República Democràtica Socialista de Sri Lanka

Srílanská demokratická socialistická republika

Den Demokratiske Socialistiske Republik Sri Lanka

Democratische Socialistische Republiek Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka Demokraatlik Sotsialistlik Vabariik

Sri Lankan demokraattinen sosialistinen tasavalta

République démocratique socialiste du Sri Lanka

República Democrática Socialista de Sri Lanka

šri-lanḳis demoḳraṭiuli socialisṭuri resṗubliḳa

შრი-ლანკის დემოკრატიული სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკა

Demokratische Sozialistische Republik Sri Lanka

Laïkí Sosialistikí Dimokratía tis Sri Lánka

Λαϊκή Σοσιαλιστική Δημοκρατία της Σρι Λάνκα

harepublikat hademokratit hasotsialistit shel sri lanka

הרפובליקה הדמוקרטית הסוציאליסטית של סרי לנקה

Srí Lanka-i Demokratikus Szocialista Köztársaság

Poblacht Dhaonlathach Shóisialach Shrí Lanca

Repubblica Democratica Socialista dello Sri Lanka

スリランカ民主社会主義共和国

Suri Ranka Minshu Shakai Shugi Kyōwakoku

satheara’na’roth songkumniyum brojeathibtai sreylangka

សាធារណរដ្ឋសង្គមនិយមប្រជាធិបតេយ្យស្រីលង្កា

Šrilankas Demokrātiskā Sociālistiskā Republika

Šri Lankos Demokratinė Socialistinė Respublika

Den demokratisk sosialistiske republikken Sri Lanka

Den demokratiske sosialistiske republikken Sri Lanka

جمهوری دمکراتیک سوسیالیستی سریلانکا

jomhuri-ye demokrâtik-e sosyâlisti-e srilânkâ

Demokratyczno-Socjalistyczna Republika Sri Lanki

República Democrática Socialista do Sri Lanka

Republica Democrată Socialistă Sri Lanka

Demokratíčeskaja Socialístičeskaja Respúblika Šri-Lánká

Демократи́ческая Социали́стическая Респу́блика Шри-Ла́нка́

Демократска Социјалистичка Република Шри Ланка

Demokratska Socijalistička Republika Šri Lanka

ශ්රී ලංකා ප්රජාතාන්ත්රික සමාජවාදී ජනරජය

śrī laṁkā prajātāntrika samājawādī janarajaya

Demokratična socialistična republika Šrilanka

Demokratiska socialistiska republiken Sri Lanka

สาธารณรัฐสังคมนิยมประชาธิปไตยศรีลังกา

săataaráná rát săngkom níyom pràchaatíppàdtai sĕe langgaa

Demokratik Sosyalist Sri Lanka Cumhuriyeti

Demokratyčna Socialistyčna Respublika Šri-Lanká

Демократична Соціалістична Республіка Шрі-Ланка́

Cộng hoà Xã hội chủ nghĩa Dân chủ Sri Lanka


Islamic Republic of Afghanistan

the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan (canonical)

The former official name of Afghanistan, from 2001 through 2021.

جُمْهُورِيَّةْ أَفْغَانِسْتَان الْإِسْلَامِيَّة

アフガニスタン・イスラム共和国

アフガニスタン・イスラムきょうわこく


Republic of Lithuania

Calque of Lithuanian Lietuvos Respublika

calque

Official name of Lithuania: a country in northeastern Europe.


Republic of Latvia

Official name of Latvia: a country in northeastern Europe.


Swiss Confederation

Official name of Switzerland: a country in Western Europe and Central Europe.

الاِتِّحَاد السُّوِيسْرِيّ

al-ittiḥād as-s(u)wisriyy, al-ittiḥād as-s(u)wīsriyy


Principality of Albania

(historical) Former official name of Albania: a country and former principality in Southeast Europe, existing from 1914 to 1925.


South Sudan

desc

→ Japanese: 南スーダン (Minami Sūdan) (calque)

Republic of South Sudan
Republic of South Sudan#English

A country in East Africa. Official name: Republic of South Sudan, formerly the southern part of Sudan.


People's Republic

While he was reticent to speak up at my request, a number of his former colleagues made themselves helpful, particularly in making me aware of the nominee’s previously published work laying out a plan for the U.S. to abandon its allegiance to Taiwan in favor of the People’s Republic.

2005, Jesse Helms, “Foreign Relations Experiences”, in Here's Where I Stand: A Memoir, New York: Random House, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 229:

One of these report^([sic – meaning reports]) states that the Wolong District of Nanyang, Henan Province, has built a memorial to honest and upright officials, at which statues representing a number of feudal officials were erected together with ones to comrades Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Liu Shaoqi, and nine marshals of the People’s Republic.

2012 [1998 April 12], Jiang Zemin, “Leading Cadres Need to Increase their Political Discernment and Acuity”, in Selected Works of Jiang Zemin, volume II, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 109:

In a windswept location in the Mu Us Desert (Ordos Desert), Youyu County of Shanxi Province is a barren land battered by sandstorms and with minimal natural resources. In the early days of the People’s Republic, the county’s first Party secretary led the people to initiate an afforestation project to curb encroachment by the sand.

2018, Xi Jinping, The Governance of China, volume II, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 159:

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

Ellipsis of the People's Republic of China: a country in East Asia.


LRD

(originally derogatory, now reclaimed) Initialism of Little Red Dot, nickname for Singapore: a city, island, and country in Southeast Asia.


Lao People's Democratic Republic

the Lao People's Democratic Republic (canonical)
LPDR (alternative)
Lao PDR (alternative)

Official name of Laos: a country in Southeast Asia.

សាធារណរដ្ឋប្រជាធិបតេយ្យប្រជាមានិតឡាវ

saatʰienɑɑroat prɑcie a’tʰippa’tay prɑcie mienɨt laav

ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ

sā thā la na lat pa sā thi pa tai pa sā son lāo

Лао́сская Наро́дно-Демократи́ческая Респу́блика

สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาว

săataaráná rát bpràchaatípbpàdtai bpràchaa chon laao


SRV

Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Socialist Republic of Vietnam#English

Initialism of Socialist Republic of Vietnam, official name of Vietnam: a country in Southeast Asia.


Socialist Republic of Vietnam

the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (canonical)

Official name of Vietnam: a country in Southeast Asia.

جُمْهُورِيَّة فِيِتْنَام الاِشْتِرَاكِيَّة

សាធារណរដ្ឋសង្គមនិយមវៀតណាម

saa tʰie nɑɑ roat sɑŋkum ni’yum viet naam

ສາທາລະນະລັດ ສັງຄົມນິຍົມ ຫວຽດນາມ

sā thā la na lat sang khom ni nyom huāit nām

สาธารณรัฐสังคมนิยมเวียดนาม

săa-taa-rá-ná rát săng-kom-ní-yom wîat-naam


Republic of Botswana

Official name of Botswana: a country in Southern Africa.


Republic of Indonesia

Anglicised from Indonesian Republik Indonesia.

Official name of Indonesia: a country in Southeast Asia.


Republic of the Sudan

the Republic of the Sudan (canonical)
Republic of Sudan (alternative)

Official name of Sudan: a country in North Africa and East Africa.


Republic of Zimbabwe

Official name of Zimbabwe: a country in Southern Africa.


Republic of Burundi

Official name of Burundi: a country in East Africa.


Republic of Guinea

Official name of Guinea: a country in West Africa.


Republic of Seychelles

Official name of Seychelles: an island country in East Africa, in the Indian Ocean.


Republic of Cuba

Official name of Cuba: an island country in the Caribbean.


Republic of Poland

Thus he ſhook off the Yoke of the Republic of Poland, and the Coſſacks made themſelves Maſters of all Ukrania; which was an extraordinary mortification to the Poliſh Nobility, who had juſt re-enter’d upon the Eſtates they had loſt during the Inſurrection of thoſe Rebels.

1698, Gaspard de Tende, An Account of Poland. Containing, A Geographical Deſcription of the Country, The Manners of the Inhabitants, and the Wars they have been Egag’d in; the Conſtitution of that Government; Particularly the Manner of Electing and Crowning their KING; his Power and Prerogatives: With a Brief Hiſtory of the Tartars., page 49:

Official name of Poland: a country in Central Europe.


Republic of Malta

Official name of Malta: an island country in Southern Europe.


Kyrgyz Republic

Calque of Kyrgyz Кыргыз Республикасы (Kırgız Respublikası).

calque

Кыргыз Республикасы

Official name of Kyrgyzstan: a country in Central Asia.


Republic of Serbia

Official name of Serbia: a country in Southeast Europe.


Portuguese Republic

Calque of Portuguese República Portuguesa.

Official name of Portugal: a country in Southern Europe.


Republic of Moldova

Official name of Moldova: a country in Eastern Europe.


Republic of Bulgaria

Official name of Bulgaria: a country in Southeast Europe.


Republic of Slovenia

Official name of Slovenia: a country on the Balkan Peninsula in Central Europe.


Republic of Vanuatu

Official name of Vanuatu: an island country in Melanesia.


Republic of The Gambia

The official name of The Gambia (1965-2016).


Republic of Côte d'Ivoire

the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire (canonical)

Official name of Ivory Coast: a country in West Africa.


Republic of Uganda

Official name of Uganda: a country in East Africa.


Oriental Republic of Uruguay

Calque of Spanish República Oriental del Uruguay

Official name of Uruguay: a country in South America.


Togolese Republic

Official name of Togo: a country in West Africa.


Slovak Republic

Official name of Slovakia: a country in Central Europe.


Republic of Zaire

(historical) Former official name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa; used from 1971 through 1997.

Republiek Zaïre

official name of Zaire from 1971 to 1997


Republic of Equatorial Guinea

the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (canonical)

Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea#English

Official name of Equatorial Guinea: a country in Central Africa.

جُمْهُورِيَّة غِينِيَا الاِسْتِوَائِيَّة


Republic of Uzbekistan

Official name of Uzbekistan: a country in Central Asia.


Republic of Cyprus

Official name of Cyprus: an island country in the Mediterranean Sea, normally considered politically part of Southeast Europe but geographically part of Western Asia.


Republic of Croatia

Southeastern Europe
Southeastern Europe#English

Official name of Croatia: a country in Southeastern Europe.


Republic of India

Official name of India: a country in South Asia.


Italian Republic

Official name of Italy: a country in Southern Europe.


Republic of Iraq

Official name of Iraq: a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East.


Republic of Hungary

(historical) Former official name of Hungary (through 2011): a country in Central Europe.


Republic of Estonia

Official name of Estonia: a country in northeastern Europe.


Republic of Azerbaijan

Calque of Azerbaijani Azərbaycan Respublikası

Official name of Azerbaijan: a country in the South Caucasus in Asia and Europe.


Republic of Iceland

North Atlantic Ocean
North Atlantic Ocean#English

Long form of Iceland: an island country in the North Atlantic Ocean in Europe.

جُمْهُورِيَّة آيْسْلَنْدَا

conventional descriptive name of Iceland


Republic of Zambia

Official name of Zambia: a country in Southern Africa.


Republic of Malawi

Official name of Malawi: a country in Southern Africa.


Federal Republic of Nigeria

the Federal Republic of Nigeria (canonical)

Official name of Nigeria: a country in West Africa.

جُمْهُورِيَّة نيِجِيرِيَا الاِتِّحَادِيَّة


Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste

the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste (canonical)

Official name of East Timor: a country in Southeast Asia.


Argentine Republic

→? Japanese: アルゼンチン (Aruzenchin)

Official name of Argentina: a country in South America.


Republic of South Africa

the Republic of South Africa (canonical)

Official name of South Africa: a country in Southern Africa.

南アフリカ共和国

みなみアフリカきょうわこく


Kingdom of Lesotho

Official name of Lesotho: a country in Southern Africa.


People's Democratic Republic of Algeria

en-proper noun

the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria

Calque of Arabic الْجُمْهُورِيَّة الْجَزَائِرِيَّة الدِّيمُقْرَاطِيَّة الشَّعْبِيَّة (al-jumhūriyya l-jazāʔiriyya d-dīmuqrāṭiyya š-šaʕbiyya).

calque

Official name of Algeria: a country in North Africa.

al-jumhūriyya l-jazāʔiriyya d-dimuqrāṭiyya š-šaʕbiyya

quṭnāyūtā gazzāˀīrnāytā dīmuqrāṭāytā ˁammāytā

ܩܘܼܛܢܵܝܘܼܬܵܐ ܓܲܙܵܐܝܼܪܢܵܝܬܵܐ ܕܝܼܡܘܼܩܪܵܛܵܝܬܵܐ ܥܲܡܡܵܝܬܵܐ

Alžiri Žoġovrdakan Žoġovrdavarakan Hanrapetutʻyun

Ալժիրի Ժողովրդական Ժողովրդավարական Հանրապետություն

Aljeriako Herri Errepublika Demokratikoa

Alžýrskaja Naródnaja Demakratýčnaja Respúblika

Алжы́рская Наро́дная Дэмакраты́чная Рэспу́бліка

Alžírská demokratická a lidová republika

République démocratique et populaire d'Algérie

République algérienne démocratique et populaire

República Democrática e Popular de Alxeria

Daon-Phoblacht Dhaonlathach na hAilgéire

Repubblica Algerina Democratica e Popolare

República Argelina Democrática e Popular

Republica Algeriană Democratică și Populară

Alžírskaja Naródnaja Demokratíčeskaja Respúblika

Алжи́рская Наро́дная Демократи́ческая Респу́блика

Alžírska demokratická a ľudová republika

República Argelina Democrática y Popular

สาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนแอลจีเรีย

sǎa-taa-rá-ná-rát bprà-chaa-tí-bpà-dtai bprà-chaa-chon ɛl-jii-riia

Alžýrsʹka Naródna Demokratýčna Respúblika

Алжи́рська Наро́дна Демократи́чна Респу́бліка


Kingdom of Belgium

Official name of Belgium: a country in Western Europe.


Kingdom of Bhutan

Official name of Bhutan: a country in South Asia.


Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Official name of Saudi Arabia: a country in Western Asia, on the Arabian Peninsula.


Kingdom of Sweden

Official name of Sweden: a country in Northern Europe.


Kingdom of Swaziland

Former official name of Eswatini: a country in Southern Africa, until April 19, 2018.

Kongeriget Swaziland

former official name of Eswatini, when it was called Swaziland


State of Eritrea

Official name of Eritrea: a country in East Africa.


Kingdom of Cambodia

Official name of Cambodia: a country in Southeast Asia.


Principality of Liechtenstein

the Principality of Liechtenstein (canonical)

Official name of Liechtenstein: a microstate in Central Europe.


Kingdom of Norway

Official name of Norway: a country in Northern Europe.


Kingdom of the Netherlands

the Kingdom of the Netherlands (canonical)

Calque of Dutch Koninkrijk der Nederlanden.

Official name of the Netherlands: a country consisting of the Netherlands per se, in Western Europe, as well as three other small island countries in the <, namely Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten.

Koninkryk der Nederlande

monarchy consisting of the Netherlands and the autonomous Caribbean constituent countries


Sultanate of Oman

Official name of Oman: a country in Western Asia, on the Arabian Peninsula.


Republic of Angola

Official name of Angola: a country in Central Africa.


Republic of Belarus

Official name of Belarus: a country in Eastern Europe.


Kingdom of Bahrain

Official name of Bahrain: an island country in Western Asia, in the Persian Gulf.


Federative Republic of Brazil

Calque of Portuguese República Federativa do Brasil

cal

Official name of Brazil: a country in South America.


State of Israel

Official name of Israel: a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East.


State of Kuwait

Official name of Kuwait: a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East.


Kingdom of Denmark

Official name of Denmark or the Danish Realm: a country consisting of metropolitan Denmark ("Denmark proper") in Western Europe as well as the Faroe Islands in the North Atlantic and Greenland off the coast of North America.


State of Palestine

Official name of Palestine: a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East.


Kingdom of Spain

Official name of Spain: a country in Southern Europe.


Republic of Austria

Official name of Austria: a country in Central Europe.


Republic of Kosovo

Official name of Kosovo: a partly-recognized country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe.


Grand Duchy of Luxembourg

the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (canonical)

Official name of Luxembourg: a small country in Western Europe.

הָדּוּכָּסוּת הָגְּדּוּלָּה שֶׁל לוּקְסֶמְבּוּרְג


Republic of Kazakhstan

Calque of Kazakh Қазақстан Республикасы (Qazaqstan Respublikasy).

calque

Қазақстан Республикасы

Official name of Kazakhstan: a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe.

カザフスタン共和国

カザフスタンきょうわこく


Republic of San Marino

Official name of San Marino: a microstate in Southern Europe.


Principality of Monaco

Possibly a Calque of French Principauté de Monaco.

Official name of Monaco: a city-state in Western Europe.


Vatican City State

Official name of Vatican City: a city-state in Southern Europe, an enclave within the city of Rome, Italy.


Kingdom of Thailand

Official name of Thailand: a country in Southeast Asia.


Hungarland

From Middle English *Hungerland, from Old English Hungerland, Ungerland (“Hungary”), equivalent to Hungar + land. Compare German Hungarland, Ungarland (“Hungary”), Icelandic Ungverjaland (“Hungary”).

Hungerland (alternative)
Ungerland (alternative)

The gouernment of Hungarland was anciently spirituall & seculer, the spiritualty was gouerned by the Arch-Byshop of Strigonium (who were Chancellors os the Land) and of Colozza.

1611, Giovanni Botero, Relations of the Most Famous Kingdoms and Commonwealths:

Considering that the surrounding text mentions imported fashions from other parts of Europe (France, Italy), it is possible that "Hungerland" should mean Hungary and the reference would be to a special kind of ribbon produced there.

2009, Monica Matei-Chesnoiu, Early Modern Drama and the Eastern European Elsewhere:

“A pact between Poland, Romania, and the Hungarians.” “But what about us?” The tongs snapped closed. “We're lost already. ... you're needed to go to the Hungerland factory. On a flax-buying mission.” “Received word from who? Max?”


Alb.

(law) Abbreviation of Albania: a country in Southeast Europe.


Geor.

(law) Abbreviation of Georgia: a country in the South Caucasus.


Mex.

(law) Abbreviation of Mexico: a country in North America.


State of Qatar

Official name of Qatar: a country in Western Asia, on the Arabian Peninsula.


Byelorussia

/ˌbjɛləˈɹʌʃə/

Borrowed from Russian Белоруссия (Belorussija).

bor+

In Byelorussia, Stalin not only killed 100,000 people in purges and repression in the 1930s but also doomed 1.5 million people and 75 percent of the republic's cities and towns to death and destruction through his half-witted military strategies in World War II.

1992, Richard Nixon, “The Former Evil Empire”, in Seize the Moment, Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 57:


Republic of Yemen

Official name of Yemen: a country in Western Asia, on the Arabian Peninsula.


Canadia

From Canada + -ia. Most likely a back-formation from Canadian.

So unless you're from French Canadia or something, I suggest you stop calling someone on ice skates who talks like he got beer foam coming outta his nose a manly type, cause he ain't.

2006, Dr. Verne Edstrom, Esq., White Trash Etiquette, page 35:


Republic of Tajikistan

Official name of Tajikistan: a country in Central Asia.


West Indies Federation

A former country in the Caribbean. Also called West Indies.


Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic

the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (canonical)

A country in North Africa, a partially recognised state in Western Sahara.

al-jumhūriyya l-ʕarabiyya ṣ-ṣaḥrāwiyya d-dimuqrāṭiyya

اَلْجُمْهُورِيَّة اَلْعَرَبِيَّة اَلصَّحْرَاوِيَّة اَلدِّيمُقْرَاطِيَّة

Saharyjska Arabska Republika Demokratyczna

Saxárskaja Arábskaja Demokratíčeskaja Respúblika

Саха́рская Ара́бская Демократи́ческая Респу́блика

Saxársʹka Arábsʹka Demokratýčna Respúblika

Саха́рська Ара́бська Демократи́чна Респу́бліка


DR Congo

D.R. Congo (alternative)
D. R. Congo (alternative)
D.R.Congo (alternative)

Abbreviation of Democratic Republic of the Congo: A country in Central Africa, the larger of the two countries named Congo. Capital: Kinshasa.

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Democratic Republic of the Congo-Kinshasa


Swisserland

“As soon as my aunt gets well, I shall go abroad,” said he. I shall never be easy till I have seen some of these places. You will have my sketches, some time or other, to look at—or my tour to read—or my poem. I shall do something to expose myself.” “That may be—but not by sketches in Swisserland. You will never go to Swisserland. Your uncle and aunt will never allow you to leave England.”

1815 December (indicated as 1816), [Jane Austen], chapter VI, in Emma: […], volume III, London: […] [Charles Roworth and James Moyes] for John Murray, →OCLC, page 108:

(obsolete) Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


Soviet Russia

The unofficial term used for the former Russian Republic for a short period after its collapse - from 7 November 1917 (October Revolution) to 19 July 1918 (1st RSFSR Constitution) or to 30 December 1922 (Treaty on the Creation of the USSR). Also used to refer to the Soviet Union as a whole in the early stages.


Gabonese Republic

Official name of Gabon: a country in West Africa.


People's Republic of Canada

the People's Republic of Canada (canonical)

(informal, derogatory or humorous) Derogatory name for Canada: a country in North America, implying that it has communist or socialist leanings.


Czechland

A lake located 1 mile (1.6 km) north of Prague, Saunders County, Nebraska, USA.


Herzeg-Bosnia

A short-lived, unrecognized political entity that existed during the Bosnian war, consisting of the Croat communities of Bosnia.


Guayana

Alternative spelling of Guyana: A country in South America.


Najd

A former emirate and later sultanate in the area, which existed from 1913 to 1932, when it merged with Hejaz to form Saudi Arabia.


Republic of Argentina

Argentine Republic
Argentine Republic#English


Republic of Peru

Official name of Peru: a country in South America.


Union of the Comoros

Official name of the Comoros: an island country in the Indian Ocean off the coast of East Africa.


Eastern Republic of Uruguay

Oriental Republic of Uruguay
Oriental Republic of Uruguay#English

Alternative form of Oriental Republic of Uruguay.


Republic of the Gambia

Republic of The Gambia
Republic of The Gambia#English

Alternative spelling of Republic of The Gambia: Official name of the Gambia: a country in West Africa.


Republic of Costa Rica

Official name of Costa Rica: a country in Central America.


Republic of Colombia

Official name of Colombia: a country in South America.


Republic of Guatemala

The official name of the country Guatemala.


Republic of Nicaragua

Official name of Nicaragua: a country in Central America.


Republic of the Union of Myanmar

the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (canonical)

Official name of Myanmar: a country in Southeast Asia.


Kingdom of Laos

Lao People's Democratic Republic
Lao People's Democratic Republic

A former country in Southeast Asia (official name). Usually called Laos. Now the Lao People's Democratic Republic.


Union of South Africa

(historical) Former official name of South Africa: a country in Southern Africa; used from 1910 to 1961, when the country was a Commonwealth dominion under nominal British sovereignty.


United Provinces

(historical) A historic region of India, now the state of Uttar Pradesh.

A province of British India from 1937 to 1947.

A province of the Dominion of India from 1947 to 1950.

Republic of the Seven United Netherlands

(historical) A republic that existed from the formal creation of a confederacy in 1581 by several Dutch provinces (which earlier seceded from Spanish rule) until the Batavian Revolution in 1795; the predecessor state of the modern Netherlands.


Croätia

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Dated spelling of Croatia: a country in Southeast Europe, in the Balkan Peninsula.


United Mexican States

Calque of Spanish Estados Unidos Mexicanos

calque

Official name of Mexico: a country in North America.


Eswatini

→ Japanese: エスワティニ (Esuwatini)

Borrowed from Swazi eSwatini, the country's native name, declared to also be its official English name on April 19, 2018. Ultimately made of Mswati + e- -ini (“locative”), referring to Mswati II, the king who founded the country.

Taiwan's ambassador to the Kingdom of Eswatini, Jeremy Liang (梁洪昇), told the paper that he had just been informed of the situation and that "the matter was being looked into." Liang said he had helped the students process their applications to the university and had not been aware of the conditions of the workplace they were to be assigned to.

2020 May 21, Keoni Everington, “Over 40 Eswatini students duped into skinning chickens in W. Taiwan”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2020-05-25, Society:

In February, Mswati announced that he had recovered from Covid-19 after undergoing treatment “for a couple of days” with an undisclosed antiviral medication from Taiwan. Eswatini enjoys a blossoming diplomatic tie with Taiwan — currently the East Asian country’s only ally in Africa.

2021 June 29, Nimi Princewill and Stephanie Busari, “Officials deny King of Eswatini – Africa’s lone absolute monarch – has fled”, in CNN:

Kingdom of Eswatini
Kingdom of Eswatini#English

A country in Southern Africa, formerly called Swaziland. Official name: Kingdom of Eswatini. Capitals: Mbabane and Lobamba.

Eswatini

country in Southern Africa — see also Swaziland


Saint Vincent

saint+Vincent.
* (island): Calque from Spanish, from Italian. Coined by Spanish explorer Christopher Columbus in 1498, after the island was sighted on St Vincent's Day, 22 January 1498.

coin

St. Vincent (alternative)
St Vincent (alternative)
St.-Vincent (alternative)
St-Vincent (alternative)
Saint-Vincent (alternative)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

Ellipsis of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines: a country in the Caribbean.


Kingdom of Eswatini

Official name of Eswatini: a country in Southern Africa, formerly Swaziland.


land of a thousand hills

the land of a thousand hills (canonical)

(poetic) Nickname for Rwanda: a country in East Africa.


Northern Macedonia

[What of] Greeks, Gypsies, etc. living in that part of Upper or Northern Macedonia (beyond the Greek border) which was incorporated into modern Yugoslavia and Bulgaria after the First World War?

1991, Apostolos Euangelou Vacalopoulos, Contemporary ethnological problems in the Balkans:

The All-Greek Association of Northern Macedonia (“Makedonomasi”) appealed to the citizens of Thessaloniki and Greek Macedonia, and the associations of Macedonians living in Greece, to join the [meeting].

2016, John Shea, Macedonia and Greece: The Struggle to Define a New Balkan Nation, McFarland, →ISBN, page 308:

Republic of Northern Macedonia
Republic of Northern Macedonia

former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

(nonstandard) The Republic of Northern Macedonia, formerly known as the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.


Kangju

A former kingdom in Central Asia, known to the Chinese in antiquity and today identified as Sogdiana.


Little Red Dot

the Little Red Dot (canonical)
Red Dot (alternative)
The Red Dot (alternative)

From the appearance on maps indicating the position of Singapore, being a red dot position marker, that completely covers all of Singapore on such maps. Originally a derogatory term coined by 3rd President of Indonesia (1998—1999) and 7th Vice President of Indonesia B. J. Habibie in 1998.

coinage

(originally derogatory, now reclaimed) Nickname for Singapore: a city, island, and country in Southeast Asia.


Republic of North Macedonia

the Republic of North Macedonia (canonical)

Suggested as a name for the republic since at least the 1990s; the official name of the country since February 2019.

2019, Republic of North Macedonia Presidential Election, 21 April and 5 May 2019: ODIHR Election Observation Mission Final Report:

The Republic of North Macedonia is in south-eastern Europe, on the western side of the Balkan Peninsula.

2020, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Agro-ecological atlas of the Republic of North Macedonia, Food & Agriculture Org., page 6

Official name of North Macedonia: a country in Southeast Europe.

Republiek Noord-Masedonië

Republic of North Macedonia — see also North Macedonia

北マケドニア共和国

きたマケドニアきょうわこく


North Macedonia

/nɔːθ ˌmæs.əˈdəʊ.nɪ.ə/

From north + Macedonia. Suggested as a name for the republic since at least the 1990s. Part of the official name of the country since February 2019.

For quotations using this term, see Citations:North Macedonia.

Balkan Peninsula
Balkan Peninsula#English

Republic of North Macedonia
Republic of North Macedonia#English

A country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Official name: Republic of North Macedonia. Capital and largest city: Skopje. Part of Yugoslavia until 1992. The current name was adopted in 2019 to resolve a naming dispute with Greece.


Apartheid South Africa

From Afrikaans apartheid + South Africa.

2002, John M. Allen, Growing Up White in Apartheid South Africa, →ISBN:

(exonym, colloquial) Derogatory name for South Africa: a country in Southern Africa; used approximately from 1948 to 1991, when the apartheid policy was in force (some definitions may include pre-1948 and extend it to 1994).


Polish People's Republic

the Polish People's Republic (canonical)

(historical) Former official name of Poland: a country in Central Europe; used from 1952 to 1989 when it was a one-party, Marxist-Leninist state; officially known as the Republic of Poland from 1947 to 1952, but under the same form of government.

Польская Народная Рэспубліка

former official name of Poland as a Marxist-Leninist state


People's Socialist Republic of Albania

en-proper noun

the People's Socialist Republic of Albania

People's Republic of Albania
People's Republic of Albania

(historical) Former official name of Albania: a country in Southeast Europe; used from 1976 to 1991 when it was a one-party, Marxist-Leninist state; previously the name People's Republic of Albania was used.

jumhūriyyat ʔalbāniyā š-šaʕbiyya l-ištirākiyya

جُمْهُورِيَّة أَلْبَانِيَا الشَّعْبِيَّة الاِشْتِرَاكِيَّة

Albanijos Liaudies Socialistinė Respublika


People's Republic of Bulgaria

the People's Republic of Bulgaria (canonical)
People's Rep. of Bulgaria (alternative)

(historical) Former official name of Bulgaria: a country in Eastern Europe; used from 1946 to 1990 when it was a one-party, Marxist-Leninist state.


Hungarian People's Republic

the Hungarian People's Republic (canonical)
Hungarian People's Rep. (alternative rare)

(historical) Former official name of Hungary: a country in Central Europe; used from 1949 to 1989 when it was a one-party, Marxist-Leninist state.


Socialist Republic of Romania

the Socialist Republic of Romania (canonical)
Socialist Rep. of Romania (alternative)
Socialist Republic of Rumania (alternative)

(historical) Former official name of Romania: a country in Southeast Europe; in use from 1965 through 1989, when the country was a one-party Marxist-Leninist state; the official name Romanian People's Republic was used from 1947 through 1965.


Democratic Republic of Afghanistan

the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (canonical)

Republic of Afghanistan
Republic of Afghanistan

(history) Former official name of Afghanistan: a landlocked country between Central Asia and South Asia; used from 1978 to 1987 when it was a one party Marxist-Leninist state; officially known as the Republic of Afghanistan from 1987 to 1992, but under the same government.

Afganistano Demokratinė Respublika

Former official name of Afghanistan as a Marxist-Leninist state

جُمْهُورِیِ دِموکْرَاتِیکِ اَفْغَانِسْتَان


Mongolian People's Republic

the Mongolian People's Republic (canonical)

The real purpose of building this railway on the part of the Japanese imperialists at that time was to spy on the Mongolian People's Republic and to transport the timber produced in the A-erh-t'ai forest zone. The principal cargo consists of cut timber from the A-erh-t'ai-shan, and the cereal products of Wu-lan-hao-t'e.

1958 November 7 [1956], Excerpts from "Economic Geography of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region", United States Joint Publications Research Service, →OCLC, page 58:

(historical) the Mongolian state between 1924 and 1992.

モンゴル人民共和国

モンゴルじんみんきょうわこく

སོག་པོའི་མི་དམངས་སྤྱི་མཐུན་རྒྱལ་ཁབ།

sog po'i mi dmangs spyi mthun rgyal khab


People's Republic of Mozambique

(historical) Former official name of Mozambique: a country in East Africa and Southern Africa; used from 1975 to 1990 when it was a one-party, Marxist-Leninist state.


People's Republic of Angola

People's Rep. of Angola (alternative rare)

(historical) Former official name of Angola: a country in Southern Africa; used from 1975 to 1992 when it was a one-party, self-declared socialist state.


People's Republic of Kampuchea

the People's Republic of Kampuchea (canonical)

(historical) Former official name of Cambodia: a country in Southeast Asia; used from 1979 to 1989, after the Khmer Rouge was ejected, when it was a one-party, Marxist-Leninist state and a satellite state of Vietnam.

សាធារណរដ្ឋប្រជាមានិតកម្ពុជា

saathiərĕəʼnaʼrŏət prɑɑciə miənɨt kampuciə


People's Republic of Benin

(historical) Former official name of Benin: a country in West Africa; used from 1975 to 1990 when it was a one-party, Marxist-Leninist state.


People's Republic of the Congo

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English

(historical) Former official name of the Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa; used from 1969 to 1992 when it was a Marxist-Leninist state.


F.Y.R. Macedonia

former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia#English

(historical) Initialism of former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, former long form of North Macedonia: a country in Southeast Europe on the Balkan Peninsula.


Plurinational State of Bolivia

Official name of Bolivia: a country in South America.

dawlat būlīvyā mutaʕaddidat al-qawmiyyāt

دَوْلَة بُولِيڤْيَا مُتَعَدِّدَة الْقَوْمِيَّات

Многонациона́льное Госуда́рство Боли́вия

Ìpínlẹ̀ Ogunlọ́gọ̀ Orílẹ̀-èdè ilẹ̀ Bòlífíà


Republic of Haiti

Official name of Haiti: a country in the Caribbean.


German-Austria

On 12 November the National Assembly unanimously declared a republic and simultaneously announced that German-Austria was part of Germany.

2009, Bernard Wasserstein, Barbarism and Civilization: A History of Europe in our Time, page 101:

Austro-Hungarian Empire
Austro-Hungarian Empire

(historical) A country created following World War I as the initial rump state for areas with a predominantly German-speaking population within what had been the Austro-Hungarian Empire.


Moz.

Abbreviation of Mozambique: a country in East Africa and Southern Africa.


the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya

(historical) Libya from the late 1970s to 2011.


Mor.

Abbreviation of Morocco: a country in North Africa.


Kingdom of Morocco

Calque of Arabic الْمَمْلَكَة الْمَغْرِبِيَّة (al-mamlaka l-maḡribiyya).

calque

الْمَمْلَكَة الْمَغْرِبِيَّة

Official name of Morocco: a country in North Africa.


Tuvan People's Republic

(historical) the official name of Tannu Tuva (1921–1944)


Republic of Vietnam

the Republic of Vietnam (canonical)
Republic of Viet-Nam (alternative)
Republic of Viet Nam (alternative)

(historical) Official name of South Vietnam.


Republic of Benin

Official name of Benin: a country in West Africa.


Republic of Maldives

Official name of the Maldives: an island country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean off the coast of India.


Tsardom of Bulgaria

the Tsardom of Bulgaria (canonical)
Czardom of Bulgaria (alternative)

(formal, history) Bulgaria’s official name from 1908 to 1946.


Empire of Manchuria

collaborationist state
collaborationist state

(historical) Manchukuo, an Imperial Japanese collaborationist state active from 1934 to 1945.


Filippines

A hypercorrection of Philippines using F from its earlier etymon, Spanish Filipinas, for the sake of a similar equivalent to the unanglicized demonym, Filipino.


Republic of Suriname

Official name of Suriname: a country in South America.


Tannu Tuva

As related above, when Soviet Russia went to war with Germany in June 1941 the puppet regime in Tannu Tuva immediately declared war against Germany. Not long afterward Tannu Tuva was annexed to form part of the Soviet territory. By August 1945 Moscow applied the same formula to Outer Mongolia.

1957, Chung-cheng (Kai-shek) Chiang, Soviet Russia in China: A Summing-up at Seventy, New York: Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 144:

Tannu Tuva People's Republic
Tannu Tuva People's Republic

Tuvan People's Republic
Tuvan People's Republic

(historical) A partially recognized Marxist-Leninist people's republic northwest of Mongolia that existed between 1921 and 1944; roughly coterminous with modern Tuva; official names Tannu Tuva People's Republic (1921–1926) and Tuvan People's Republic (1926–1944).


Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan

the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (canonical)

Either a calque of Pashto د افغانستان اسلامي امارت (də afǧānestãn islāmī imārat) or Dari امارت اسلامی افغانستان (imārat-i islāmī-yi afġānistān).

د افغانستان اسلامي امارت

امارت اسلامی افغانستان

Official name of Afghanistan: a country in Central Asia, under Taliban rule in 1996–2001 and since 2021.

Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (1996–2001)

official name of Afghanistan under Taliban rule

إِمَارَة أَفْغَانِسْتَان الْإِسْلَامِيَّة

アフガニスタン・イスラム首長国

アフガニスタン・イスラムしゅちょうこく


Republic of Chad

Official name of Chad: a country in Central Africa.


Republic of Guinea-Bissau

the Republic of Guinea-Bissau (canonical)

Calque of Portuguese República da Guiné-Bissau.

Official name of Guinea-Bissau: a country in West Africa.


Turkiye

Alternative spelling of Türkiye, Turkey (a country in Europe and Asia).


Republic of Türkiye

Partial calque of Turkish Türkiye Cumhuriyeti.

partial calque

Official name of Turkey: a country in West Asia and Southeast Europe.

الْجُمْهُورِيَّة التُّرْكِيَّة

official name of the country of Turkey — see also Republic of Turkey


Jewkraine

The Jew-Coup
in the country now known as Jewkraine has been
heavily subsidized by International Jewry.

2014 February 26, rebcar...@gmail.com, “Jewcraine Jews Fear The Bull!”, in alt.fan.adolf-hitler (Usenet):

Game Over for the zio regime of Jewkraine!

2022 February 24, greg1242, “Live Updates: LPR Forces Conduct Operation in Town Controlled by Ukraine, Republic Says”, in Sputnik:

2022 March 3, David Chase Taylor, “The Jewkraine Conspiracy”, in YouTube:

2022 March 30, SK, “jewkraine:"what will you give us in return for not putting Jew-America's nukes 5 minutes from Moscow?”, in alt.usage.english (Usenet)

The Jewkraine is so fucked that the only people they can find to push propaganda for them are mentally ill people. That’s why they’ve put a tranny in charge of their English propaganda efforts.

2023 August 3, *skriptis, “(OT) Tranny Chosen to Lead Ukraine English Propaganda Efforts”, in rec.sport.tennis (Usenet):

(slang, derogatory, humorous, offensive, uncommon) Derogatory name for Ukraine: a country in Eastern Europe, regarded as being controlled by the Jews and Jewish interests.


Yelang

The pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 夜郎 (Yèláng).

(historical) A former kingdom in what is now southern China.


Thaïland

We want to adopt a children by the thaïland
Do you know the people what adopt the thaïland's children ?
Tell me.

1999 June 8, jl vermeren, “thaïland”, in alt.adoption (Usenet), retrieved 2022-06-01:

The book has two volumes : the first one talking about the frontier between Cambodia and Vietnam and between Cambodia and Laos; the second one talking about the frontier between Cambodia and Thaïland with a fundamentally different aspect of the problems. We try to start with the first volume.

2000 January 23, krethya, “Border problems”, in soc.culture.cambodia (Usenet), retrieved 2022-06-01:

Prostitution exists in Laos. Not like in Thaïland I agree with you.

2001 January 15, drsouk, “Lao Girls' Inspiration?”, in soc.culture.laos (Usenet), retrieved 2022-06-01:

(non-native speakers' English) Thailand.


Republic of El Salvador

Official name of El Salvador: a country in Central America.


Republic of the Marshall Islands

the Republic of the Marshall Islands (canonical)

Marshall Islands
Marshall Islands#English

Official name of the Marshall Islands: an island country in Micronesia.

馬紹爾群島共和國 /马绍尔群岛共和国

maa⁵ siu⁶ ji⁵ kwan⁴ dou² gung⁶ wo⁴ gwok³

馬紹爾群島共和國 /马绍尔群岛共和国

Má-siāu-ní Kûn-tó Kiōng-hô-kok, Má-siāu-ní Kûn-tó͘ Kiōng-hô͘-kok, Má-siāu-jíⁿ Kûn-tó Kiōng-hô-kok


Republic of Liberia

Official name of Liberia: a country in West Africa.


Republic of Sierra Leone

the Republic of Sierra Leone (canonical)

Official name of Sierra Leone: a country in West Africa.


Republic of Paraguay

Official name of Paraguay: a country in South America.


Republic of Mauritius

Official name of Mauritius: a country in the Indian Ocean, east of East Africa and Madagascar.


Duchy of Normandy

duchy+Normandy. From Anglo-Norman Normandie, from Norman Normandie, from Old French Normandie, from normant+-ie. From Anglo-Norman duché, from Latin dux.

A country, a duchy in Europe, now only composed of the Channel Islands in the English Channel; a crown possession of the Monarch of England, since the Conquest of England by William the Conqueror, Duke of Normandy; bureaucratically, it is administered by the UK.


Republic of Palau

Official name of Palau: an island country in Micronesia.


Republic of Kiribati

Official name of Kiribati: an island country in Micronesia.


Republic of Fiji

Official name of Fiji: an island country in Melanesia.


Republic of Kenya

Official name of Kenya: a country in East Africa.


State of Libya

Official name of Libya: a country in North Africa.


Republic of South Sudan

Official name of South Sudan: a country in East Africa.


Commonwealth of The Bahamas

the Commonwealth of The Bahamas (canonical)
Commonwealth of the Bahamas (alternative)

The Government of the United States of America, in accordance with sections 872(b) and 883(a) of the Internal Revenue Code, agrees to exempt from tax gross income derived from the international operation of ships or aircraft by individuals who are residents of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas (other than U.S. citizens) and corporations organized in the Commonwealth of The Bahamas.

1987, Taxation, Shipping and Aircraft: Agreement Between the United States of America and the Bahamas, Effected by Exchange of Notes Dated at Washington June 26 and July 16, 1987, page 2:

For the purposes of this paper, the Caribbean comprises the countries in the archipelago, stretching from the Commonwealth of The Bahamas in the north to Guyana and Suriname in the south, which are members of the Caribbean Region of the Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture (ICA).

1999, Everton Ambrose, “An Assessment of the Plant Health System in the Caribbean”, in Mitigating the Effects of Exotic Pests on Trade and Agriculture, part A (the Caribbean), T-STAR, page 243, column 1:

The territory itself, which is politically separate from the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, consists of three major carbonate bank systems: the Caicos Bank, the Turks Island Bank, and the Mouchoir Bank (disputed by the Dominican Republic) (Logan & Sealey, 2013).

2019, Kathleen Sullivan Sealey, Kathleen Wood, Alan Logan, “The Turks and Caicos Islands”, in Charles Sheppard, editor, World Seas: An Environmental Evaluation, 2nd edition, volumes I (Europe, The Americas and West Africa), Academic Press, →ISBN, page 617:

Below the sail boats is the coat of arms of the Commonwealth of The Bahamas and “Central Bank of The Bahamas.”

2019 April 22, Arthur L. Friedberg, “Bahamas issues a $3 bank note”, in Coin World, page 22:

Official name of the Bahamas: an island country in the Caribbean.


Republic of Italy

At the time the agreement on the determination of the duties of the common customs tariff for the products in List G was signed, the Member States, in Protocol XV of March 2, 1960, stated that they were favorably disposed toward the application, for lead and zinc, of Article 226 of the Treaty for the benefit of the Republic of Italy.

1962, Common Market Reporter, CCH Editions Limited, →ISBN, page 8443:

Naturalisation, a decree of the President of the Republic, only comes into effect when loyalty has been sworn to the Republic of Italy and to its President.

2002, Joanna Apap, The Rights of Immigrant Workers in the European Union: An Evaluation of the EU Public Policy Process and the Legal Status of Labour Immigrants from the Maghreb Countries in the New Receiving States, Kluwer Law International, →ISBN, page 148:

The Government of the United States of America shall offer for return to the Government of the Republic of Italy any material on the Designated List forfeited to the Government of the United States of America.

2010, James A. R. Nafziger, Robert Kirkwood Paterson, Alison Dundes Renteln, Cultural Law: International, Comparative, and Indigenous, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 382:

Italian Republic
Italian Republic#English

Alternative form of the Italian Republic, official name of Italy: a country in Southern Europe.


Republic of the Niger

the Republic of the Niger (canonical)
Republic of Niger (alternative)

Calque of French République du Niger. French was the official language of Niger until 2025.

That if the Government of the United States of America issues guaranties to cover losses by reason of war with respect to investments in the Republic of the Niger, nationals of the United States of America to whom such guaranties have been issued, shall be accorded by the Government of the Republic of the Niger treatment not less favorable than the most favorable treatment accorded, in like circumstances, to nationals of the Republic of the Niger or nationals of third countries, with reference to any reimbursement, compensation, indemnification, or any other payment, including the distribution of reparations received from enemy countries, that the Government of the Republic of the Niger may make or pay for losses incurred by reason of war; […]

1963, United States Treaties and Other International Agreements, volume 13, part 2 (1962), Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, page 2204:

H.E. El Hag Hamani Diori, President of the Republic of the Niger visited the United Arab Republic during the interval between the 4th and the 10th July 1963, in response to the invitation of President Gamal Abdel Nasser.

1963 September, “Joint Communique on H.E. El Hag Hamani Diori. President of the Republic of the Niger’s Visit to the United Arab Republic”, in The Scribe, volume 7, General Organisation of Press and Editing, page 29:

And these men came, not from the colonialist-dominated areas of Africa, but from The Republic of the Niger and the Federal Republic of Cameroon.

1972, “[Nkrumah’s Deception in Africa] Subversive Camps uncovered”, in Communist Global Subversion and American Security, volume I (The Attempted Communist Subversion of Africa Through Nkrumah’s Ghana), Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, page 123, column 1:

See, eg, the Agreement between the United Nations and the Government of the Republic of Benin concerning the status of the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) in the territory of the Republic of Benin (8 February 2017) available at ; and the Exchange of letters constituting an agreement between the United Nations and the Government of the Republic of the Niger concerning the activities carried out in the Republic of the Niger by the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) (24 January 2017) available at .

2019, Stephen Mathias, “Treaty-Making at the United Nations: The View from the Secretariat”, in Simon Chesterman, David M. Malone, Santiago Villalpando, Alexandra Ivanovic, editors, The Oxford Handbook of United Nations Treaties, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, part I (Evolution—UN Treaty-Making in Practice and in Theory), chapter section 7 (Other Treaty-Related Activities of the Secretariat), page 66:

Seven edible wild leaves from the Republic of the Niger were reported to be rich in minerals, amino acids, and fatty acids (Freiberger et al. 1998).

2020, Oluwaseyi M. Aboyade, David R. Katerere, “Tribal and Indigenous Knowledge in West Africa: The Use of Food Platns in the Management of Diabetes”, in David R. Katerere, Wendy Applequist, Oluwaseyi M. Aboyade, Chamunorwa Togo, editors, Traditional and Indigenous Knowledge for the Modern Era: A Natural and Applied Science Perspective, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 70:

Official name of Niger: a country in West Africa.


Brunai

Obsolete spelling of Brunei: a country in Southeast Asia.


Biełaruś

Unadapted borrowing from Belarusian Biełaruś.

ubor

Scattered throughout the world, perishing, dwining, / You still await the Promised One, O Jews, / For Him the sons of Biełaruś are pining, / And thither all will go, both we and you. / Your torch is bright where Palestine is waiting, / Our torch is bright—in Mother-Biełaruś, / The time will come when chains will fall and vanish, / Our chains will fall; all spring will flower for us.

1960, Anti-Semitism in Byelorussia and Its Origin: Material for Historical Research and Study of the Subject, London: Byelorussian Central Council, page 68:

Marzaliuk ends his examination of Biełarusian anti-Semitism in the gdl by stating that, without acknowledging the existence of some anti-Semitism in historic Biełaruś, Biełarusians will never understand their distinctiveness in this regard: for even though this particular type of racism existed in the gdl, it never came close to the evil practised by some of Biełaruś’s neighbours.

2018, Zina J. Gimpelevich, The Portrayal of Jews in Modern Biełarusian Literature, Montreal, Que.: McGill-Queen’s University Press, →ISBN, page 42:

Respectfully, the present study calls the reader’s attention to the historical part, supplemented by biographical data from the early representatives of Biełaruś’s artistic growth. This is followed by an exploration of Biełaruś’s present-day artistic community, and finally, the circle will be closed with an attempt to imagine a future “beginning of the beginning” for Biełaruś and its artists.

2023, Zina Gimpelevich, “Fine Art in Biełaruś: The Past”, in Biełarusian Fine Art: Time and Time Again: Origin, History, Discourse, and Biographies, Altona, Man.: FriesenPress, →ISBN, page 21:

(rare) Belarus (a country in Eastern Europe)


United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway

en-proper noun

the United Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway

(historical) Former country on the Scandinavian Peninsula that existed from 1814 to 1905, now the separate countries of Norway and Sweden.

De forenede Kongeriger Norge og Sverige

Förenade Konungarikena Sverige och Norge


Republic of Chile

Official name of Chile: a country in South America.


Sakartvelo

Borrowed from Georgian საქართველო (sakartvelo).

bor+

(rare, Internet) A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe. Official name: Georgia. Capital: Tbilisi.


Co-operative Republic of Guyana

the Co-operative Republic of Guyana (canonical)

Official name of Guyana: a country in South America.


Kossovo

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Alternative form of Kosovo: A partly-recognized country on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe.


Republic of Trinidad and Tobago

the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago (canonical)

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago#English

Official name of Trinidad and Tobago: an island country in the Caribbean, off the coast of Venezuela.


Lettow

Inherited from Middle English Lettowe, Lettow, from Middle Low German Lettouwen (compare Middle High German Lettowen, Littowen), from Old East Slavic Литъва (Litŭva) or its etymon Old Lithuanian Lietuva.

Lettowe (alternative)
Littowe (alternative)

The Citie alſo which is called Wil or Vilna, into the caſtle whereof the king of Lettow named Skirgalle fled foꝛ his ſauegard, was, by the valour of the ſayd Earle especially and of his followers, ſurpꝛiſed and taken.

1599, Thomas of Walſingham, translated by Richard Hakluyt, The Principal Nauigations, Voyages, Traffiques and Discoueries of the English Nation, […], 2nd edition, London: […] George Bishop, Ralph Newberie, and Robert Barker, →OCLC, page 123:

[…] and finally in the South parts thereof (Livonia) they vſe the Letticke speech, or of the countrey of Lettow, which the people Eureles likewise vſe, the which is as it were a hodge-podge of many ſeverall languages mingled together.

1632, A Short Survey or Hiſtory of the Kingdome of Sveden […] , London: Michael Sparke, page 26:

Shuſky who ſucceeded him reports in a Letter to King James otherwiſe of him; that his right name was Gryſhca the Son of Boughdan; that to eſcape puniſhment for Villanies done, he turn'd Fryar, and fell at last to the Black art; and fearing that the Metropolitan intended therefore to impriſon him, fled into Lettow; where by counſel of Sigiſmund the Poland King, he began to call himſelf Demetry of Ouglitts.

1682, John Milton, “CHAP. IV. The Succeſſion of Moſcovia Dukes and Emperours taken out of their Chronicles by a Polack with ſome later Additions”, in A Brief Hiſtory of Moſcovia […] , London: M. Fleſher for Brabazon Aylmer, pages 60-61:

(obsolete) Lithuania (a country in northeastern Europe).


Kuwayt

Alternative spelling of Kuwait: A country in Western Asia, in the Middle East


Red Dot

Alternative form of Little Red Dot: (originally derogatory, now reclaimed) Nickname for Singapore: a city, island, and country in Southeast Asia.


Republic of Ecuador

Official name of Ecuador: a country in South America.


Federal Republic of Somalia

the Federal Republic of Somalia (canonical)

Official name of Somalia: a country in East Africa.


SoKor

(Philippines) Abbreviation of South Korea: a country in East Asia.


NoKor

(Philippines) Abbreviation of North Korea: a country in East Asia.


en-proper noun

Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis

Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Kitts and Nevis#English

Official name of Saint Kitts and Nevis: an island country in the Caribbean.


Independent State of Samoa

the Independent State of Samoa (canonical)

Official name of Samoa: an island country in Polynesia.


People's Republic of Albania

the People's Republic of Albania (canonical)

People's Socialist Republic of Albania
People's Socialist Republic of Albania

(historical) Former official name of Albania: a country in Southeast Europe; used from 1946 to 1976 when it was a one-party, Marxist-Leninist state; in 1976 it adopted the official name of People's Socialist Republic of Albania.

جُمْهُورِيَّة أَلْبَانِيَا الشَّعْبِيَّة