Binzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 濱州／滨州 (Bīnzhōu).

Li Jundang, manager of Shandong Binzhou Tianjian Biotechnology, a wheat gluten producer in the city of Binzhou, about 200 miles north of here, said, “We never heard the news of tainted pet food.”

2007 April 12, David Barboza, “Some Suspect Chemical Mix in Pet Food”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-06-05, World Business:

The city of Binzhou in eastern China's Shandong province, home to top aluminum producer China Hongqiao Group, is planning five new projects to support development of a high-end aluminum industry, according to a local government document.

2018 September 4, Tom Daly, “China's aluminum capital Binzhou plans new 'high-end' projects”, in Tom Hogue, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-11-22, Currencies:

A prefecture-level city in Shandong, China.


Zizhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 子洲 (Zǐzhōu, literally “Zizhou, name of 李子洲 (Li Zizhou)”).

bor

In Tzuchou County over 60 small coal mines are now in production.

[1970, Summary of World Broadcasts: The Far East. Weekly supplement, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 8:

Tzuchou County Revolutionary Committee and people's armed forces department have made big efforts to develop broadcasting.

[1971 May 4 [1971 April 30], Tzuchou County Revolutionary Committee, quotee, “Display the Yenan Spirit and Run Broadcasting Well”, in Daily Report: Foreign Radio Broadcasts, volume I, number 86, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →OCLC, page H 3:

On my last trip before completing this book, I visited Zizhou county, about 200 miles north of Yan’an, where peasants had tried to engage a lawyer to defend themselves in the courts against the oppressive and brutal control of local Party officials. Not much had changed here in the seventy years since Mao’s Long March and his ‘liberation’ of the peasants from their ‘cruel landlords’. Now, the peasants were afraid not of landlords but of the Party officials who prey on them just as the landlords once did.

2000, Jasper Becker, The Chinese, London: John Murray, published 2003, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 365:

I had planned to go to Zizhou, the county where Mr. Ma had organized the peasants. It was halfway between Yulin and Yan'an, which is where Mr. Ma lived.

2004, Ian Johnson, Wild Grass: Three Stories of Change in Modern China, New York: Pantheon Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 31:

A prominent example of such action took place in the villages in Zizhou County, a drought-prone area several hundred miles north of Yan’an, Shaanxi Province, Mao’s revolutionary base area. Farmers in Zizhou protested against local taxes in 1998 by bringing a lawsuit, based on the Administrative Litigation Law (ALL), against local township officials who had imposed higher and extra taxes.

2012, Merle Goldman, From Comrade to Citizen: the Struggle for Political Rights in China, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 212:


Xunyi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 旬邑.

At the end of 1927 the Communists were "purged" from the Kuomintang, and although in 1928 a short-lived soviet government had been proclaimed at Hsunyi, it was crushed by General Feng Yu-hsiang's pro-Nanking troops.

[1971, Dick Wilson, “Home and Dry in Shensi”, in The Long March 1935: The Epic of Chinese Communism's Survival, New York: Viking Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 227:

Then in August 1978, the People’s Daily reported a directive transmitted by Hua Kuo-feng, then chairman of CPC, concerning the despotic practices of the cadres in Hsunyi county of Shensi province.

[1987, Alan P. L. Liu, “Popular Politicians and Totalitarian Cadres”, in Phoenix and the Lame Lion: Modernization in Taiwan and Mainland China, 1950-1980, number 358, Stanford, Cali.: Hoover Institution Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 114:

Xia Zhanyi, Communist Party chief of Xunyi county - where the factory is located, called on all citizens to support the project and help it reach the sales goal, more than 10 times the planned 45,000 target for this year, the Beijing Daily said.

2003 February 5, Mark O'Neill, “Beijing urges public support for car project”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-06-04:

Nowadays, there are still some people surnamed Diwu in China, and most of them lived in a village in Xunyi County, Shaanxi Province.

2010, Bi Yanli [毕艳莉], translated by Qin Dan [秦丹], Tales from the Hundreds Surnames (Tales from China's Classic Essential Readings), Beijing: China Intercontinental Press (五洲传播出版社), →ISBN, →OCLC, page 184:


Shenchi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 神池.

The Shuozhou-Huanghua Railway links Shenchi county in Shanxi to Huanghua port in Hebei, and will be an important route for coal transportation from west to east in China.

2004, China Business Guide, 2nd edition, Singapore: China Knowledge Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 504, column 2:

Jin Ruilin, former deputy mayor of Datong city and candidate for mayor in the next election, is under “investigation by the organisation” for “serious violations of discipline,” – a term commonly used to infer corruption - the provincial party internal disciplinary commission said on Thursday.
Jin began his political career as a typist in Shenchi county’s party headquarters in 1977.

2014 May 15, Stephen Chen, “Ninth official at centre of graft probe in Shanxi”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-09-22, China:


Shuocheng

Chongfu Temple, on East Street in Shuocheng District, was built in 665 during the Tang Dynasty by the Eguo Duke Weichi Jingde by imperial order.

2008, Chen Xuejian, editor, Travel Around China, HarperCollins, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 316:

Combination photo shows the construction site for the Shenhai wetland park in Dongshentou Village of Shuocheng District, Shuozhou, north China's Shanxi Province (top, undated file photo); and an aerial view of the wetland park after its construction (bottom, photo taken on July 7, 2020 by Cao Yang).

2020 July 27, “Shanxi lifts villagers out of poverty through poverty relief efforts”, in huaxia, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2020-08-09:


Liulin

Liulin County, Shansi, has a population of 183,000 and an area of 1.92 million mou, of which more than 57,700 mou is cultivated land subject to serious water loss and soil erosion.

1973 November 21 [1973 November 18], “SHANSI COUNTY GRAIN PRODUCTION”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 225, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page F 7:

In 2009, of the 24 large coal mines in Liulin County, where Liansheng Group is headquartered, Liansheng controlled about a third.

2013 December 18, Didi Kirsten Tatlow, “A Chinese Coal Baron Tumbles into Debt”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-18, Sinosphere:


Lishi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 離石／离石 (Líshí).

Geomorphologic Features
The Lüliang region is located in the western Shanxi Province. Geologist Professor Liu Dongsheng first identified the section drawing of the Lishi Loess in Wangjiagou, Lishi District, LüliangCity.

2016, Fang Wang, “Geo-Architecture Blending into Nature”, in Geo-Architecture and Landscape in China’s Geographic and Historic Context, volume 3, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 133:

Wu said she was determined to fight the decision. On September 6 she mailed documents for a lawsuit of the public security authorities in both Jiaocheng county and Luliang city to a local court in the Lishi district of Luliang.

2017 September 13, Xinqi Su, Viola Zhou, “One of China’s ‘feminist five’ gender equality activists banned from leaving country for decade”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2017-09-13:


Wuzhai

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 五寨 (Wǔzhài).

This specimen (No. 2040) bears a notation to the effect that the actual collection was made by a Chinese railroad inspector, Tchuang Kieh. in September 1922 at Wu Chai Hsien, Shansi Province, China, at an elevation of 6,000 to 9,000 feet. The specimen was identified as a form of Lespedeza bicolor in 1926 by A. K. Schindler.

[1952 March, Franklin J. Crider, Natob—A New Bush Lespedeza For Soil Conservation, number 900, Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Agriculture, →OCLC, page 2:

On leaving Shenchi, the way lay up a wide valley, on a good road. Then we took to the hills in Wuzhai (Wuchai) county, winding amongst mountain ridges, until we came to Hequ (Hochu) county, where there were more mountains, wild serrated loess country, but everywhere trees and then more trees.

1979 January, Rewi Alley, “Yanbei and Xinxian Prefectures in 1978”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVIII, number 1, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 11, column 1:

In Wuzhai, a county in north-west Shanxi, they found the Communist prefectural government, and after two weeks’ rest in an army service station my mother was assigned to the town of Wuzhai, with responsibility for training local Party officials.

2000, Aiping Mu, “The East is Red: Hard Times for New Arrivals (1946-1951)”, in Vermilion Gate, Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 17:


Yingze

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 迎澤／迎泽 (Yíngzé).

The Yingze District Court in Taiyuan heard the case on December 26 and yesterday dismissed charges that Li had committed murder, citing a lack of evidence. Instead, Li was convicted on a lesser offence, reckless driving.

2009 January 6, “Death of graft-buster not murder, court rules”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-03:

With imported wines and live performances, this bar is affordable and entertaining. It is located opposite of the Yingze District Committee.

2011, “Directory”, in China Expat: A Decade of Writing 2001-2011, Hong Kong: Asia Briefing Ltd., →ISBN, →OCLC, page 223:

Perhaps most troubling was the wording of the official press release from the Taiyuan City government offices: “Yingze District successfully clamped down on a case of Christianity".

2016, Andrew T. Kaiser, “Legacy (1949-2015)”, in The Rushing on of the Purposes of God Christian Missions in Shanxi Since 1876, →ISBN, →OCLC, page https://books.google.com/books?id=Y9rcDQAAQBAJ&pg=PT308:


Loufan

zh-l

婁煩／娄烦 (Lóufán)

At least 10 villagers in Loufan county in the northern province of Shanxi were buried by a landslide on Friday morning, Xinhua said.

2008 July 31, Shipeng Guo, “China mine disasters kill 20, landslide buries 10”, Latest Crisis, in Nick Macfie, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-12:

On his blog, the thirty-two-year-old Sun posted an informant’s letter addressed to Wang Jun, who had recently been appointed acting governor of Shanxi province. The letter asked Wang to make a thorough investigation into a fatal landslide that had happened in this region the previous month; apparently, the landslide had been caused by the collapse of an illegal mining dump in Loufan county, and it had reportedly killed eleven people.

2010, John Naisbitt, Doris Naisbitt, China's Megatrends, HarperCollins, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 108:


Jiancaoping

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 尖草坪.

In the Chien-ts'ao-p'ing industrial and mining district of Taiyuan, Shansi Province, urban street offices organized 777 family members to support those workers who had agreed to do additional factory work during 1954.

[1956, Five Monographs Prepared by the Staff of the China Project at Stanford Univeraity in Fulfillment of Performance Requirement HRAF Subcontract: Central South China, Human Relations Area Files, →OCLC, page 867:

Similar examples in the archaeological literature are pieces unearthed at Chientsaoping, Taiyuan, Shansi, and Tafuhsiang, Hsingping-hsien, Shensi.

[1995, 鄧淑蘋, 藍田山房藏玉百選, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 270, column 2:

In September 2000, Zhao moved his school to Dangu Village Primary School in Jiancaoping District.

2005 January 14, Wang Fang, “Unlicensed Military School Shut Down”, in Beijing Today, →OCLC, page 8:

In August 2020, the Food, Medicine and Environmental Crime Investigation Brigade, Jiancaoping Branch of the Public Security Bureau of Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, based on clues reported by the public, successfully detected a case of producing and selling counterfeit brand vinegar, arrested 16 suspects, and seized 1,000 counterfeit containers of vinegar on the spot.

2021 April 25, Aaron Wininger, “China’s Ministry of Public Security Releases Discusses Status of Intellectual Property Criminal Investigations and Lists Typical Cases of Public Security Agencies Cracking Down on Crimes of Intellectual Property Infringement”, in The National Law Review, volume XI, number 115, archived from the original on 2021-04-25:


Wanbailin

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 萬柏林／万柏林.

Patient Guo, female, 65 years old, lives in Fengshenghe Village, Ximing Township, Wanbailin District, Taiyuan City.

2019, Zheng Mingde, “Typical Cases Treated with HuaHanZhenShen® Electronic Acupuncture”, in The Science of Modern Acupuncture and Moxibustion, American Academic Press, →ISBN, page 226:

The Wanbailin District of Taiyuan, the capital of Shanxi Province, has unveiled a plan to spend an amount five times its GDP.

2019 March 6, Yusho Cho, Takashi Kawakami, “China's new stimulus shovels more debt onto municipalities”, in The Nikkei, archived from the original on 2019-03-06, China People's Congress:

Construction work at Xiaojingyu Elementary School, which is in Taiyuan's Wanbailin District, has been halted since the discovery.
An official said further excavations into the tomb would not be easy due to the primary school's teaching buildings nearby.

2019 August 21, Tim Collins, “Chinese imperial tomb with wall art and clay pots dating back 1,300 years is found by builders working on a primary school's new playing field”, in Daily Mail, archived from the original on 2021-10-22, Science:

A tombstone inside the burial chamber suggested the individual laid to rest underground was "not a commoner". The Tang era is seen by many historians as an era of progress as well as the greatest period for Chinese poetry. Construction work at Xiaojingyu Elementary School, which is in Taiyuan’s Wanbailin District, has been halted since the discovery.

2019 December, “Tang Dynasty tomb found in a school sports field in China”, in Subterranea, number 52, Subterranea Britannica, →ISSN, →OCLC, Conservation and Heritage, page 5, column 1:


Qingxu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 清徐.

Secretary of the Chinghsu County CCP Committee (Yang Ming) and Deputy Secretary (Tao Hsiao-li) have spoken about their study experiences at forums of county, commune, and brigade cadres.

[1971 October 20 [1971 October 3], “Taiyuan Municipality Develops Study Campaign”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 203, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Taiyuan Shansi Provincial Service, translation of original in Chinese, →ISSN, →OCLC, page F 5:

Zhao Guifa was born in Zhaojiabao, Qingxu county, Taiyuan, in 1940. He was originally the Zhaojiabao accountant and secretary of the CCP committee, having joined the CCP in 1973.

1999, David S. G. Goodman, “The New Middle Class”, in Merle Goldman, Roderick MacFarquhar, editors, The Paradox of China's Post-Mao Reforms, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 253:

Torrential rains have battered the northern Chinese province of Shanxi in the past few days, leaving parts of the provincial capital Taiyuan and other areas under water, with bridges, railway lines, and houses collapsing after multiple landslides, local residents told RFA on Thursday.[...]
State broadcaster CCTV reported that more than 15,000 residents of eight villages in Qingxu county had been evacuated after a river burst its banks and flooded Xiaowu village, where rescue work is still in progress.

2021 October 7, Qiao Long, “Villagers Complain of Scant Help in China's Shanxi Amid Flooding, Landslides”, in Luisetta Mudie, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2021-10-07:


Kelan

Some 29 peasant-physicians have just completed their 30-month course of training in a remote mountain village in Kolan County, Shansi Province, north China.[…]
The school was set up by the Kolan county hospital in 1963.

[1966 May 20 [1966 May 19], “NEW TYPE OF PEASANT-DOCTORS BEING TRAINED”, in Daily Report Foreign Radio Broadcasts, number 98, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →OCLC, page CCC 7:

65. The missile test range’s monitoring network is centered in Kelan County, but it has some tracking and monitoring facilities in Wuzhai and Xingxian.

1994, John Wilson Lewis, Xue Litai, China's Strategic Seapower: The Politics of Force Modernization in the Nuclear Age, Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 311:

Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center is located in Kelan County, northern Shanxi Province, nearly 300 km (480 mi) away from Taiyuan city, the provincial capital, and 500 km (800 mi) southwest of Beijing.

2008, Peter Bond, Jane's Space Recognition Guide, HarperCollins, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 152:


Xiaodian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 小店 (Xiǎodiàn).

In the early Ming Dynasty, Pingjin county seat (its ruin is located near the Chengxi Village of Xiaodian District) was severely flooded, then the county office had to move onto the ruin of the Ancient Jinyang City of Fenxi and changed back to the old name of Taiyuan County at the 8th Year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1375).

2006, 姚富生 [Yao Fusheng], editor, 古太原县城 [Ancient Taiyuan County], →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 7–8:

In the retail sector, Wal-Mart opened its 44th Chinese store in the city in 2005. It is situated in the basement of Hexin Shopping Plaza on Changfeng Jie in Xiaodian district.

2007, “Shanxi”, in The China Business Handbook 2007, 10th edition, Shenzhen: Alain Charles Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 404, column 1:

Lishi District 离石区 in Lüliang and Xiaodian District 小店区 in Taiyuan had a strikingly high percentage of young population, around 60 percent.

2018, Fenggang Yang, “North China [华北地区]”, in Atlas of Religion in China: Social and Geographical Contexts, Brill Publishers, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 90, column 1:


Xinfu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 忻府.


Xinfu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 新撫／新抚.

One of the first cases was in Fushun city in early March 1952, when three children died acute deaths.[…]
The three all lived in the Xinfu district of the city, and the sanitary conditions there are bad.

1998, Stephen Endicott, Edward Hagerman, “The United States and Biological Warfare Secrets from the Early Cold War and Korea”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-09-23:


Jinyuan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 晉源／晋源.

In May 2009, the Jinyuan district government issued a document to villagers revealing that 300 homes, including those belonging to Meng Fugui and Wu Wenyuan, would be demolished and setting out a plan for demolition, compensation and relocation.

2012, Standing Their Ground: Thousands Face Violent Eviction in China, Amnesty International, →OCLC, page 29:

The excavation included archaeologists from the Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology, Shanxi University's School of History and Culture, Taiyuan Municipal Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, and the Agency of Cultural Relics and Tourism of Jinyuan District, Taiyuan city.

2017 February 9, Cheyenne Macdonald, Tracy You, “The POTTERY Princess: Researchers find ancient tomb of Chinese General and his wife filled with over 100 tiny figurines - and it could shed light on a little-known Chinese dynasty”, in Daily Mail, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-02-09:


Pinglu

平陸／平陆 (Pínglù)

More amazing, perhaps, than the advance in decorative technique is the existence, as early as the mid-second millennium BCE, of foundries that could handle such monumental castings as the fang ding (cat. 22). Nor was this rectangular cauldron, which weighs about 40 kilograms and is S2 centimeters high, entirely unique in its time: it was found, in a shallow pit at Qian village, Pinglu county, Shanxi Province, with two round ding vessels, each about 70 centimeters high.

1998, China 5,000 Years, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 77:


Shanyin

One example is the Youyi mine in Shanyin county, a district of Shanxi under the administration of Shuozhou city.[…]
In Shanyin, 20 out of 21 mines have been ordered to shut down and be overhauled, said the mine's managing director, Sun Chuntian.[…]
Of Shanyin county's 21 coal mines, the number closed for reconstruction and revamp is: 20

2010 December 13, Eric Ng, “Modernisation drive leaves trail of ghost mines”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-01-28, Latest:

China National Coal Group Corp’s (ChinaCoal) mining operations in north Shaanxi^([sic – meaning Shanxi]) Province were suspended after eight miners died in a colliery flooding at one of the company’s subsidiaries there, state media Xinhua News reported.[…]
The workers’ bodies were retrieved on Saturday after they had been trapped underground in the flooded coal mine in Shanyin County a day ago.

2011 September 17, Carrie Ho, “ChinaCoal's Shaanxi^([sic – meaning Shanxi]) mines closed after fatal accident”, in Ruth Pitchford, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-08-11, Environment:

Ts’ai Yüan-p’ei (also named Ho-ch’ing and Chieh-min) (1876-1940) was born in Shanyin County, Chekiang Province. He passed the second civil service examination in 1889 and the third in 1892 which secured for him the highest degree, han-lin.

1960, Tse-tsung (周策縱) Chow, “The Initial Phase of the Movement: Early Literary and Intellectual Activities, 1917-1919”, in The May Fourth Movement: Intellectual Revolution in Modern China, Harvard University Press, published 1980, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 47:

In 1903 Ts'ai Yüan-p'ei, a native of Shaohsing's Shan-yin county and later to become famous as Chancellor of Peking University, gave a speech to a group of fellow Shaohsing natives living in Shanghai.

[1986, James H. Cole, “Introduction”, in Shaohsing: Competition and Cooperation in Nineteenth-Century China, University of Arizona Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 9:

(historical) A county of Zhejiang, China, part of modern-day Shaoxing.


Pianguan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 偏關／偏关 (Piānguān), a clipping of the original name 偏頭關／偏头关 (Piāntóuguān, “Crooked or Isolated Head Pass”).

Some 60% of the labour forces in Paote, Wuchai, Fanchih, Tai, Wutai and Pienkuan Counties were engaged in the work. Agricultural captial construction is being done on 24,000 sq km in the prefecture (Taiyuan, Shansi provinicial service 2300 gmt 3 Dec 76). Pienkuan County built 22,000 mow of Tachai-type fields in the past year.

[1976, Summary of World Broadcasts: The Far East Weekly Supplement, →OCLC, page 3:

In 1958 and 1959 in conjunction with the execution of the Huanghe River (Yellow River) Water Conservancy Project, an investigation of paleolithic stone artifacts was conducted along the Huanghe River, from Togtoh County of the Nei Monggol (Inner Mongolian) Autonomous Region in the north to Pianguan County, Shanxi Province in the south, with Lamawan in Qingshuihe County as the center.

1980, Atlas of Primitive Man in China, Beijing: Science Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 130:

In the poor county of Pianguan in northern Shanxi, officials said declining local government revenues meant hardship for teachers and others paid from state coffers.

1998 June 2, Jasper Becker, “Axed workers take to streets as province suffers”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-26:


Fenyang

The walled city of Fenyang, with a population of over 20,000, was a sizable objective. It was the most important Japanese base in this area outside of the provincial capital of Taiyuan itself, and a principal concentration point for the start of large-scale mopping-up operations.

1945, Harrison Forman, Report from Red China, New York: Book Find Club, →OCLC, →OL, page 229:

Hsiung-lien had borrowed 550 taels from Chang Luan and left the original group of four in Fenyang, Shansi, to proceed to Peking to visit his aged mother.

1977, Preston M. Torbert, The Chʻing Imperial Household Department: a Study of its Organization and Principal Functions, 1662-1796, Harvard University Press, →OCLC, page 159:

Charting modern China's breakneck pace is a staple of Jia Zhangke's cinema. In his latest film, the Fenyang-born director once again delves into the social and economic upheavals that have led his country to raise and flatten mountains – real or imaginary – as though they were toys.

2015 December 23, Benjamin Dodman, “Film review: ‘Mountains May Depart’ probes China’s latest leap forward”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2015-12-23:

The Brazilian director Walter Salles, whose work has somewhat similar themes to Mr. Jia’s, has produced an admiring documentary portrait of the filmmaker, “Jia Zhangke, a Guy From Fenyang,” shot a few years back when Mr. Jia was preparing “A Touch of Sin” for release in China, which was subsequently denied. It begins with Mr. Jia revisiting his hometown, Fenyang, in the Shanxi province of northern China, and looking at the now-ruined locations of his early films.

2016 May 26, Glenn Kenny, “Review: ‘Jia Zhangke, a Guy From Fenyang,’ a Portrait of a Visionary Filmmaker”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-05-30, Movies:

A county-level city in Lüliang, Shanxi, China.


Fanshi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization for the Mandarin 繁峙 (Fánshì).

After criticizing swindlers like Liu Shao-chi, poor and lower-middle peasants of the (Aotzutou) brigade in Fanshih County "turned their righteous anger into strength and did one and a half days' work in one day." These examples greatly inspired the cadres.

[1972 March 7 [1972 March 5], “Party Promotes Criticims Campaign in Shansi Region”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 46, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Taiyuan Shansi Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →ISSN, →OCLC, page D 10:

Scholars have been intrigued to learn of an almost one-to-one correspondence between the plan of the Jin palace city as described in Lanbei lu and the plan derived from paintings of Buddhist paradises on the walls of the south hall of Yanshan Monastery in Fanshi county, Shanxi.

2002, Daiheng Guo, “The Liao, Song, Xi Xia, and Jin Dynasties”, in Nancy S. Steinhardt, editor, Chinese Architecture, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 150:

The higher authorities saw all such activity as a counterrevolutionary attempt to infiltrate state and Party organs from within, but it is likely that some officials and Party members saw no contradiction between their political and religious affiliations, especially in areas, such as Fanshi County, where the sects were fairly well integrated into community life.

2015, S. A. Smith, “Redemptive Religious Societies and the Communist State, 1949 to the 1980s”, in Jeremy Brown, Matthew D. Johnson, editors, Maoism at the Grassroots: Everyday Life in China's Era of High Socialism, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 350–351:

Art teacher Zhao Wenrui draws on chalkboard at Binhe Elementary School in Fanshi County, North China’s Shanxi Province, July 4, 2019.

2019 July 5, “Teacher draws stunning chalkboard drawings(1/5)”, in Li Yan, editor, China News Service, archived from the original on 2019-07-13:


Dingxiang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 定襄 (Dìngxiāng).

I knew a young woman of twenty who lived in the town of Tinghsiang in the province of Shansi. She worked in a clothing cooperative and earned thirty yuans a month.

[1960, Suzanne Labin, “The Schoolmistress Shuen, the Midwife Yu, the Feminist Mee and a Group of Chinese Women”, in Edward Fitzgerald, transl., The Anthill: The Human Condition In Communist China, New York: Frederick A. Praeger, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 312:

In the memorial speech Chang Chen said: Comrade Chang Lien-kuei was a native of Tinghsiang County, Shansi Province. As a youngster, he actively took part in revolutionary activities. He was admitted to the CCP in December 1935. He had served successively as secretary of the Tinghsiang County CCP Committee, secretary of the second area party committee of the Peiyueh District of the Shansi-Chahar-Hopei border region and concurrently political commissar of the Second Military District, PLA political commissar, vice minister of the First Ministry of Machine Building and the Second Ministry of Machine Building, and vice minister of the Third Ministry of Machine Building.

[1978 May 8 [1978 May 4], “Leaders Attend Memorial Service for Chang Lien-kuei”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 89, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Peking NCNA Domestic Service, translation of original in Chinese, →OCLC, National Affairs, page E 1:

The mural in the Holingor Han tomb shows that toward the end of the Eastern Han at the latest Dingxiang 定襄 Prefecture (in the north of modern Shanxi, transferred there from Inner Mongolia) also had mulberry cultivation.

1982, Zhongshu Wang, translated by K. C. Chang et al., Han Civilization, Yale University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 58:

In neighbouring Xinxian prefecture, immediately to the south of Yanbei, is Hengshan brigade, Dingxiang county.

1992, Simon G. Powell, “Yanbei prefecture: specialised production”, in Agricultural Reform in China: From Communes to Commodity Economy, 1978-1990 (Studies on East Asia), Manchester University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 179:


Ningwu

The atonal pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 寧武／宁武 (Níngwǔ), a clipping of 寧武關／宁武关 (Níngwǔguān, “Pacified Military Pass”).

A mountain pass and important gate in the Great Wall in Shanxi, China.

The last item, also a news report , deals with the rural medical cooperation system of a production brigade in Ningwu County, Shansi Province, which has been developed through PLA assistance.

1970, Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts, →OCLC, page B 11:

A classic problem case is reported from Ningwu county in northern Shanxi (People's Daily, 23 Mar. 1980). In this area, a rural household uses 30 jin of firewood daily, of which one-half may be sound mature timber.

1985, Frank Leeming, “The Chinese forests”, in Rural China Today, Longman, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 138, column 2:

The explosion took place on Friday at Niuxinhui Coal Mine in Ningwu county of Shanxi province, when 30 miners were working underground, Xinhua said, citing Tan Shengwang, head of the county's work safety administration.

2007 January 21, “China coal mine blast kills 13 in Shanxi”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-05, Latest Crisis:


Pingding

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 平定 (Píngdìng).


Zhongyang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 中陽／中阳 (Zhōngyáng).

The Kings of Ch'in and Chao met at Chung-yang 中陽.³⁶⁸

1994 [145–86 BCE], Ssu-ma Chʻien, “The Ch'in, Basic Annals Five”, in William Nienhauser, editor, The Grand Scribe's Records, volume 1, Indiana University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 117:

An epidemiological study carried out by the Beijing Pediatric Research Institute in Zhongyang County and Jiaokou County in the Lüliang mountain areas between 2000 and 2004 showed that birth defects in these two areas were as high as 71.8 per thousand and 91.7 per thousand,⁵⁸ i.e. between seven and nine newborns out of a hundred are defective births.

2009, Yulin Zhang, “China's War on its Environment and Farmers' Rights: A Study of Shanxi Province”, in Confronting Discrimination and Inequality in China: Chinese and Canadian Perspectives, University of Ottawa Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 165:

Zhongyang County, affiliated to Lvliang City of Shanxi Province administratively, is located at the western side of the middle range of Lvliang Mountain in the west of Shanxi Province.

2009, Wang Jinming, Li Guangjie, editors, Zhongyang Paper-cutting, Shanxi People's Publishing House, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 002:

The man, Liu Renwang, was accused of shooting to death a village official in Shanxi Province in 2008. He says the drawings show how the local police went about extracting a confession from him for a crime he did not commit.[…]
He said the officers who tortured him were from the Zhongyang County Public Security Bureau. A woman who answered the phone at the bureau on Monday afternoon said she did not know about the case and declined to comment.
Mr. Liu said that he had asked several painters in Zhongyang to illustrate his experiences but that they all turned him down for fear of retaliation by the police.

2015 August 10, Vanessa Piao, Austin Ramzy, “Drawings of Police Torture Seize China’s Attention”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-08-11, Asia Pacific:


Yangqu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 陽曲／阳曲.

Autumn 1947 saw Hua as Party secretary of Yangchu county in Shansi and political commissar to the local forces there.

[1977 February, Tsung-ying Lee, “Eastern Diary”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVI, number 2, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1, column 2:

Tou Pu-yi, the grandson of a famous minister of the Wu Teh Era¹, served as captain of the Imperial Guard before retiring on account of old age. He went home to Taiyuan where he had a house in Yangchu County, north of the city.

[1986, Niu Su, “Tou Pu-yi [窦不疑]”, in Yang Hsien-yi, Gladys Yang, transl., Ghost Stories of Old China [不怕鬼的故事] (Asia Pacific Heritage Series [亚洲太平洋传统文学丛书]), Asiapac Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 37:

The issue of funding temple festivals, however, would not go away; missionaries repeatedly asked the French minister to address this problem. For example, in a letter that arrived in Beijing on 2 December 1861 describing the situation in Yangqu County in Taiyuan Prefecture, a missionary complained that even though the Zongli yamen had sent a document on these matters to provincial authorities, nothing had changed.

1996, Roger R. Thompson, “Twilight of the Gods in the Chinese Countryside: Christians, Confucians, and the Modernizing State, 1861-1911”, in Daniel H. Bays, editor, Christianity in China: From the Eighteenth Century to the Present, Stanford, Cali.: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 58:

Local residents hold flags of various nations to form the Olympic Rings to celebrate the Spring Festival and promote the upcoming 2008 Beijing Olympic Games on the Loess Plateau in Yangqu country, Shanxi province February 16, 2008.

2008 March 5, Liu Zhen, Nick Mulvenney, “China ramps up psychology and downplays medal hopes”, in Alastair Himmer, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-05-28, Sports News:


Xinghualing

/ˌʃɪŋ.hwɑˈlɪŋ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 杏花嶺／杏花岭 (Xìnghuālǐng, literally “apricot blossom ridge”).

bor

Meanwhile the T'ai-Yuan-Fu Boys' Boarding School had been transferred to new, more commodious and well-equipped buildings on the Hsing-Hua-Ling site.

[1957, Henry Raymond Williamson, British Baptists in China, 1845-1952, →OCLC, page 106:

The Supreme People's Procuratorate (SPP) confirmed Wednesday that a Beijing CCTV reporter detained by Shanxi Province prosecutors is under investigation for accepting bribes.
It also said the Xinghualing District People’s Procuratorate in Taiyuan city, Shanxi, had jurisdiction over the case, and the SPP confirmed the reporter’s detention.

2008 December 12, Manman Han, “Shanxi prosecuters say CCTV reporter took bribes”, in Beijing Today, →OCLC, page 3:

In September of 2011, the Shanxi Combined Transport Group Company brought an action in the Taiyuan Xinghualing District People's Court (Shanxi Province), apparently alleging that Chapter V of the AML and Article 7 of the AUCL had been breached by the Taiyuan Railway Bureau (TRB), a local office of China's Ministry of Railway^([sic – meaning Railways]).

2013, Michael Faure, Xinzhu Zhang, editors, The Chinese Anti-Monopoly Law, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 126:

“The suspect, Feng Zhijun, was arrested in Taiyuan,” said a report Friday by the state-run Xinhua news agency. It described Mr. Feng as a 41-year-old resident of Xinghualing District in Taiyuan who previously served a nine-year prison sentence for robbery.

2013 November 7, Gerry Mullany, “Police Arrest Suspect in Northern China Blasts”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-12-25, Sinosphere:

The patient was a 27-year-old female named Guo, working as a teacher in North University of China. She lived at Wuyi Road, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province.

2018, Boxin Guo, Traditional Chinese Medicine Is An Intangible Science: My Medical Practice, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 86:


Baode

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 保德.

In the past, the Kuochiachuang production brigade of Paote County had to depend on the state for its supply of grain.

[1970 December 16 [1970 December 7], “Shansi Peasants Emulate Tachai, Win Bumper Harvest”, in Daily Report: Communist China, number 243, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Peking NCNA Domestic Service, translation of original in Chinese, →OCLC, North Region, page F 5:

The bronzes found at Ch'ao-tao-kou - a dagger with a decorated handle and a ram-head pommel, an ax with a tubular socket, and four knives with arched backs decorated with pommels in the form of a rattle or a ram-head knob - and at analogous sites, such as Lin-che-yü (Pao-te county, Shensi),³⁰ have contributed greatly to defining the Northern Zone as a distinct cultural complex.

[2002, Nicola Di Cosmo, Ancient China and its Enemies: The Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 52:

In 2003 in Shanxi Province, the director of the Xuanbo Joint Cokeoven Plant ordered his workers to attack a television reporter from CCTV who was investigating pollution at the plant. The reporter was rescued by a SEPA delegation that arrived shortly thereafter, which then ordered the local environmental enforcement group in Baode County to protect his right to investigate.

2005, Elizabeth Economy, “Environmental Enforcement in China”, in Kristen A. Day, editor, China's Environment and the Challenge of Sustainable Development, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 116:

The National Development and Reform Commission has approved Shanxi Tongde Aluminium Company's plan to build a 1 million-tonne-per-year alumina refinery in Baode county in Shanxi province in the north, a statement posted on the commission website showed. It did not provide the completion time.

2011 July 20, “China to add 1 mln tonnes of alumina capacity -NDRC”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-11-24, Commodities:


Gujiao

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 古交 (Gǔjiāo).

The masses in Kuchiao area organized groups to hunt on the mountains. But, they did not have fowling-pieces and ammunition. When the delegates put forward their demand for these things, 30 guns, 3,000 bullets and 1,000 kilograms of explosives were promptly supplied by the quarters concerned.

[1961, “Taiyuan Municipal People's Council Seriously Handles the Suggestions of the People's Delegates”, in Survey of China Mainland Press, numbers 2549-2569, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 11:

According to sources close to Japanese colliery companies and the Ministry of International Trade and Industry, the plan, based on a Chinese proposal made last month, calls for the development of a steam coal mine in the Yanchow area of Shantung Province and a coking coal mine in the Kuchiao area of Shansi Province.

[1978 November 3, “Tentative Plan for Chinese Coal Field Joint Ventures Formulated”, in The Japan Times, International Airmail edition, volume 82, number 28676, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 40, column 6:

In Taiyuan, the provincial capital, I was told that a new field of high-quality coking coal was being developed in Gujiao, 56 kilometers away.[...]This was intriguing, and I left for Gujiao by bus, accompanied by a comrade from the provincial coal bureau. We first crossed the Luliang mountains, 1,800 meters above sea level. In the valley, a 47-kilometer electric railway has been built, running through 18 tunnels and over seven bridges across the winding Fenhe River. The Xiqu mine in Gujiao, with a capacity of 3 million tons annually, has begun to take shape.

1981 July, Tianshen Wen, “Shanxi Province- China's Largest Coal Base”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXX, number 7, →OCLC, page 16:

The miners were working in the Tunlan Coal Mine in Shanxi Province, the coal mining heartland of China, when the blast occurred at 2:17 a.m. Sunday morning, state-run news agency Xinhua reported. The mine is in city of Gujiao and is run by the Shanxi Coking Coal Group, one of China’s largest producers of coking coal, which is used in steel production.

2009 February 23, Edward Wong, “Chinese Mine Disaster Ends With 74 Dead”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2009-04-16, Asia Pacific:

A county-level city in Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.


Qinyuan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 沁源.

The year 1943, when the army unit was fighting Japanese aggression around Chinyuan county in north China’s Shansi province, was a time of great difficulty.

[1972 December, Kun Chun, “Army Hospital Serves the People”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXI, number 12, China Welfare Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 42:

All five workers who were trapped after a roof collapsed at a coal mine in Shanxi province in northern China have been pronounced dead, state-run CCTV reported.
The incident occurred Friday at a Fenghuangtai Coal Industry Co. mine in Qinyuan county, China News reported.

2022 August 7, “China Coal Mine Collapse Death Toll Rises to Five Workers”, in Bloomberg News:


Jiaocheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 交城 (Jiāochéng).

In 1972, when the Chiaocheng County Trucking Company in Shansi province over 1,000 kilometers to the north bought five electronic ignition systems from the Fatshan plant, it sent workers and technicians to help the buyers master their use, returning only when they were satisfied.

[1974 February, “China's Young Electronics Industry”, in China Reconstructs, China Welfare Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 9, column 2:

Chiaocheng County
Chiaocheng county lies 60 kilometres southwest of Taiyuan. It is in the prefecture of Luliang, and a goodly part of it is in the Luliang Mountains, with the peak of Yunmeng Mountain dominating. It is well known as the birthplace of Chairman Hua Kuo-feng.[…]
Chiaocheng county is one of 190,000 people, 180,000 of whom work on agriculture.

[1978 December, Rewi Alley, “Shansi 1978”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVII, number 12, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 14, column 2:

Fanjiazhuang, Jiaocheng
In the summer of 1957, a group of paleoanthropologists on field investigation found a number of paleolithic stone artifacts at Fanjiazhuang Village northwest of Jiaocheng county in Shanxi Province.

1980, Atlas of Primitive Man in China, Beijing: Science Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 79:

Residents had on January 27 erected the bronze statue of Hua, Mao Zedong’s hand-picked successor who led the party from 1976 to 1981, at a square outside Hua’s cemetery in Jiaocheng county.

2016 February 18, Li Jing, “Save Our Statue: dramatic protest in China to save ex-leader Hua Guofeng’s figure from being demolished”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2016-02-19, Policies & Politics:


Changzhi

/ˌt͡ʃæŋˈd͡ʒiː/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 長治／长治 (Chángzhì).

Businessmen in Changzhi complain that construction projects supported by the local government have also been scaled back.
As a result, Changzhi’s cement plants are saddled by excess capacity. Companies in the province can produce three times as much cement as what was actually needed in 2014, according to the Shanxi Provincial Association of Building Material Industries. Two-thirds of them lost money in that year.

2015 August 28, Michael Schumann, “Zombie Factories Stalk the Sputtering Chinese Economy”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-08-30, International Business:

A prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China.


Yangquan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 陽泉／阳泉 (Yángquán).

Yangchuan, the leading anthracite producer in China with twelve pairs of mine shafts, fulfilled its 1975 target forty-one days ahead of time and probably produced 7 to 9 million tons during the year.

[1977, K. P. Wang, Mineral Resources and Basic Industries in the People's Republic of China, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 52:

The mayors of Handan in Hebei province and Jincheng and Yangquan in Shanxi province were given the orders after being summoned to a meeting at the Ministry of Ecology and Environment in Beijing on Thursday to account for their actions during a recent campaign against smog.

2018 May 2, Muyu Xu, David Stanway, “China bans new polluting projects in three cities: ministry”, in Philip McClellan, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-05-28:


Wuxiang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 武鄉／武乡 (Wǔxiāng).

[…]the anti-Japanese base areas in Shansi (in Wu-hsiang County) and Shantung (Wen-teng County). The report also cited villages in Lu Shan County, Honan, an area which was liberated in 1948.

[1983, Kay Ann Johnson, “The 1950 Marriage Law”, in Women, the Family and Peasant Revolution in China (Asian studies/Women's studies), University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 134:

A man pretends to shoot during a live action role-playing game based on a computer game "Stalker", at a guerrilla warfare experiential park, one of two theme parks, on the outskirts of Wuxiang county, north China's Shanxi province, October 20, 2012.

2013 March 17, Jason Lee, “China replaces Britain in world's top five arms exporters - report”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-06-30, Top News:


Shilou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 石樓／石楼.

Similar spoons with pendants have been excavated from the graves of China's northern pastoral neighbors west of the Taihang Mountains at Chujiayu, Shilou county, Shanxi Province.

2002, Emma C. Bunker, “Catalogue”, in Nomadic Art of the Eastern Eurasian Steppes, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 192, column 2:

These dwellings are made by digging out a living area from the top of a thick loess deposit. For the Longshan period, such dwellings have been discovered at Chagou in Shilou County, Shanxi, and Zhaojialai in Wugong County, Shaanxi Province, as well as at Taosi.[…]
Crocodile-shaped gong vessel. Shilou, Luliang County, Shanxi Province. Shang dynasty. Shanxi Provincial Museum.[…]
Zhongguo shehui kexueyuan kaogu yanjiusuo Shanxi gongzuodui 中国社会科学院考古研究所山西工作队 (1985), "Shanxi Shilou Chagou yuanshi wenhua yicun 山西石楼岔沟原始文化遗存 (The primitive cultural remains at the Chagou site in Shilou, Shanxi),” Kaogu xuebao 考古学报, no. 2;[…]

2005, Kwang-chih Chang, The Formation of Chinese Civilization: An Archaeological Perspective, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 91, 171, 319:


Xiangyuan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 襄垣 (Xiāngyuán).

In the spring of 1938 the Japanese imperialists invaded Yü-tz'u and T'ai-ku in Shansi. Everyone was in panic as the flames of war came closer and closer to Hsiang-yüan hsien.

[1976, Sidney L. Greenblatt, editor, The People of Taihang, White Plains, NY: International Arts and Sciences Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 168:

They labored on the railroad embankment, section by section, from West Changchih Station all the way north to Wuyang, the village in Hsiangyuan County that in 1971 served as the northern terminus of the line.

[1983, William Hinton, “Two Dams and a Railroad”, in Shenfan, New York: Vintage Books, published 1984, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 226:

More than 100 pastors, co-workers and representatives of believers of the Christian Church in Quwo County gathered to bid farewell to the female believer Liu Chang’e who was born on April 17, 1926 in Shizidao Village, Xiangyuan County, Shanxi Province and was called to heaven at 9:35 a.m. on June 9, 2022, at the age of 97.

2022 June 22, Xiaohua Zhang, “Believers Bid Farewell to 97-Y-O Christian Who Was Spiritual Mother of Many”, in China Christian Daily, archived from the original on 2022-07-19:


Lingshi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 靈石／灵石.

On 28 December 1937, a force of twenty-five men led by a platoon commander was dispatched to a village in Lingshi County, Shanxi Province, for pacification activity and to scout enemy movements.

1995, Tanaka Norio, “A Memorial to Three War Buddies”, in Beth Cary, transl., edited by Frank Gibney, Sensō: The Japanese Remember the Pacific War, M.E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 78:

Rescuers prepare to go down a coal mine at Nanshan Colliery in Lingshi county, China, November 15, 2006. Chinese police are investigating the death of a reporter beaten up while probing the country's deadly coal mines, media reported on Wednesday amid a growing outcry.

2007 January 21, Chris Buckley, Guo Shipeng, Vivi Lin, “China outcry grows over beating death of reporter”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-13, World News:


Shouyang

Three American missionaries were reported today to have disappeared from Shouyang in East Shansi Province. They have not been seen since the night of Dec. 2, when they left the mission to visit a friend.

1937 December 14, “AMERICANS VANISH IN CHINA; Missionaries Not Seen Since Leaving Japanese-Held Town”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-06, page 23:

The article looked at the situation in Shouyang county, adjacent to Hsiyang county, Shansi, home of Tachai. Shouyang, according to Red Flag, had failed to benefit from proximity to China's agricultural pace-setter, for class enemies[…]

1974, Current Scene: Developments in Mainland China, volumes 12-13, →OCLC, page 17, column 2:

After he had passed the imperial examination in Peking, he acquired the title of jinshi* and was appointed a Hanlin (imperial college) academician by the Qing court. He was Prefect of Shouyang County in Shanxi Province.

1998, Xiao-meng Qin, “The Qin Clan”, in Heartbeats and Heartaches: Memoirs of an Intellectual Family in China, 1stBooks Library, published 2003, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 8:

Using examples from Shouyang county in Shanxi province, this paper discusses the concepts of locality in both official and local sources, especially in the context of financing local cults.

2017, Luo Weiwei [羅娓娓], “Locality and Temple Fundraising in Northern Qing China”, in Hsun Chang [張珣], Benjamin Perry [裴凝], editors, Religion in Taiwan and China: Locality and Transmission [台灣與中國之宗教:地方性與傳承], Taipei: Academia Sinica, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 37:

台灣與中國之宗教:地方性與傳承


Yuanping

Recognition of the heroic stand made last month by the late Major-General Chiang Yu-chen, a Brigadier Commander defending Yuanping, 87 miles north of Taiyuan, the Shansi provincial capital, was given by the Executive Yuan, Nov. 9.

1937 November 20, “Deputy Brigade Commander Li Tsung Dies of Battle Wounds”, in The China Weekly Review, volume 82, number 12, →OCLC, page 284:

The tall, pleasant young mayor of Yuanping county seat in Shansi told Rittenberg, when the latter arrived in that city: “We'll soon be pulling out of town, for Yen's troops are coming to attack and our army is too far away.”
[...]The mayor did not seem much concerned. “Just as we did with the Japs,” he replied. “We'll stay a week or two with the peasants till our troops can come and take Yuanping again.” He proved an accurate prophet. Yuanping was lost and retaken within three weeks. It suffered some looting, but its people were experienced in hiding valuables. The real value lay in the soil of the farms where the grain was growing, untouched by the passing of troops. Any county government the peasants supported could move easily out of Yuanping and back.

1949, Anna Louise Strong, The Chinese Conquer China, Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, →OCLC, →OL, page 214:

These ferries are located in the middle and upper reaches of the Juma River, over 100km to the southwest of Beijing, in an area through which the railway leading to Yuanping, Shanxi Province passes.

1990, Tourist Atlas of Beijing, Beijing: Science Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 29, column 1:

The police found evidence of explosives at the site of a blast at an underground hospital parking garage in northern Shanxi Province that killed at least 33 people on Monday, the government said. The hospital was for employees of the Xuangang Coal and Electricity Company in Yuanping.

2006 April 12, “World Briefing: Asia, Europe and Africa”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-01-27, World:

A suspected murderer who evaded police for 18 years has been captured in Lichuan, Xinzhou.org reports. The 43-year-old farmer from Yuanping, Shanxi, was wanted over the killing of two women and the attempted kidnapping of another in his hometown in June, 1996.

2014 December 28, Mandy Zuo, “Exploding electric hot-water bottle maims woman”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-12-29, China Insider:

A county-level city in Xinzhou, Shanxi, China.


Jinzhong

/d͡ʒɪnˈd͡ʒɔŋ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 晉中／晋中 (Jìnzhōng).

5 Tachai-type counties were located in the Chinchung Prefecture. None were in South Shansi.¹² In 1976 the population of Chinchung Prefecture was 2,900,000, which accounts for 12.6% of Shansi's population.

[1980, Jin-young Sou, The Tachai Campaign and China's Rural Policy, 1964-1979, →OCLC, page 433:

Eight people were killed and one was missing in a coal mine accident on Aug. 11 in Jinzhong city in Shanxi province, China's largest coal producing region, the report added.

2017 August 21, Aizhu Chen, “China sacks executives, officials after Shanxi coal mine accident”, in Kim Coghill, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2017-08-24, COMMODITIES:

In mid-December, a coronavirus wave that ripped through the city of Jinzhong, in Shanxi Province, overstretched its hospitals. Long lines formed outside smaller village clinics, and medical equipment like beds and ventilators ran short. Dr. Guo Xiaohong, a physician at a clinic in the city, said that many had recovered since then, and that visits to her clinic had declined by half. But the New Year travel rush holds with it the possibility of similar episodes elsewhere — or even again in Jinzhong.

2023 January 21, Chang Che, John Liu, “China Cautiously Takes to the Road for Lunar New Year”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-01-22, Asia Pacific:


Xiaoyi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 孝義／孝义 (Xiàoyì).

But amongst our party was an official who had been magistrate at Hsiaoyi, a day's journey further north in the mountains, who affirmed that compared to the latter district, Chenan was a garden; for Hsiaoyi, it seems, has no land tax receipts, and practically no population.[…]
A road runs due south from Hsian, the provincial capital, through the Ch’inling Shan via Hsiaoyi and Chenan to Hsingan on the Han River, being the most direct route between these two important cities, but it is so rough as to be little used.

[1921, Eric Teichman, “From T’ungkuan on the Yellow River Across the Eastern Ch’inling Shan to Hsingan on the Han River”, in Travels of a Consular Officer in North-West China, Cambridge University Press, →OCLC, →OL, page 22:

After the re-capture of Fenyang and Shanchuantseng by the Government troops in Shansi Province, the Communists have retreated to Hsiaoyi. Under the personal direction of the Communist leader, Mao Tze-tung, the Communists are engaged in a serious fight with the Shansi troops near Hsiaoyi, reported Shun Pao March 6.

[1936 March 14, “Shansi Troops Take Offensive Against Reds on All Fronts”, in The China Weekly Review, volume 76, number 2, →OCLC, page 49, column 2:

Investigations into the gas explosions at the Mengnanzhuang coal mine in Xiaoyi city, Shanxi province, which killed seventy-two miners on 22 March 2003; at the Baixing mine in Jixi city, Heilongjiang province, which killed thirty-seven miners on 23 February 2004; and at the Xiangyuangou mine in Jiaocheng county, Shanxi province, which killed twenty-nine miners on 9 March 2005, revealed four common denominators.

2010, Kolya Abramsky, editor, Sparking a Worldwide Energy Revolution: Social Struggles in the Transition to a Post-petrol World, AK Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 418:

Jointly held by Lvliang government and CEIS, the 3rd Belt and Road Seminar on Green Development of Coal Coking Industry kicked off on Saturday in Xiaoyi, a county-level city of Lvliang, north China’s Shanxi province.

2020 October 20, Xinhua Silk Road, “Xinhua Silk Road: Green transformation vital for coal coking dev. and B&R energy cooperation”, in AP News, PR Newswire, archived from the original on 2023-06-19:


Youyu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 右玉 (Yòuyù).

Shansi.[…]
Yuyu County has a population of some 80,000. (NCNA in Chinese 0240 gmt 6 Oct 77)[…]
Yuyu County has afforested a total of 640,000 mou since 1971 and, as a result, 40% of the land previously subject to water and soil erosion has now been brought under control. (NCNA in Chinese 0240 gmt 6 Oct 77)

[1977, Summary of World Broadcasts: The Far East Weekly Supplement, →OCLC, pages 1, 14:

Having been constructed to keep the barbarians out, the Great Wall was now welcoming the World Bank. I contacted the local government, to see if somebody could give an introduction to the project, and a cadre agreed to meet me. He was the director of the Youyu County tax bureau, and he told me that over the past two years the local government had received nearly three million dollars in loans from the World Bank.[…]
Here in Youyu County, the government was proud of their World Bank project, and figures piled up in my notebook. They intended to plant 1,400 hectares of trees around the Ming fort; currently Youyu County had successfully controlled erosion in 28 percent of their target region; their final goal was 53 percent.

2010, Peter Hessler, “The Wall”, in Country Driving: A Chinese Road Trip, Harper Perennial, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 38–39:

In a windswept location in the Mu Us Desert (Ordos Desert), Youyu County of Shanxi Province is a barren land battered by sandstorms and with minimal natural resources. In the early days of the People’s Republic, the county’s first Party secretary led the people to initiate an afforestation project to curb encroachment by the sand.

2018 [2015 January 12], Xi Jinping, “Be a Good County Party Secretary”, in The Governance of China, volume II, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 159:

The government of Youyu County, hundreds of kilometers (miles) west of Beijing showed a dirt road cut through a section of the wall against a rural landscape, along with the two suspects, identified as a 38-year-old man surnamed Zheng and a 55-year-old woman surnamed Wang.

2023 September 6, “China authorities arrest 2 for smashing shortcut through Great Wall with excavator”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-09-06, World News:


Wutai

Born in Wu T'ai county, Shansi, in 1902, in a landlord family, Hsu was educated at a normal school; in 1924 he entered Whampoa Academy.

[1938, Edgar Snow, Red Star Over China, Grove Press, published 1978, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 513:

Wutai county has already re-forested a million mou of hillside, and has plans for a further 800,000 mou to be tackled in the immediate future. But there is a long way to go yet before the whole of Wutai is anything like what it was when the huge trees that were cut to make the pillars and beams of temples like Fu Kwang Ssu were still standing.

1966 February, Rewi Alley, “Wutai Revisited”, in Eastern Horizon, volume V, number 2, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 45, column 1:

Their greatest discovery came on an expedition in 1937 when they dated and meticulously catalogued Foguang Si, or the Temple of Buddha’s Light, in Wutai County, Shanxi Province. The breathtaking wooden temple was built in 857 A.D., making it the oldest building known in China at the time. (It is now the fourth-oldest known).

2018 April 11, Daniel E. Slotnik, “Overlooked No More: Lin Huiyin and Liang Sicheng, Chroniclers of Chinese Architecture”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-04-12, Obituaries:


Hequ

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 河曲 (Héqū).

A few months ago, however, hope came to the boys and girls of the region. The Provincial Government of Suiyan had sent word that all young people who could escape into Free China could go to school at government expense. Between Suiyan City and Hochu, where the refugee students were to gather, lay nearly four hundred miles of unknown country, mostly desert. Those undertaking the journey must first cross the Yellow River which separated occupied territory from Free China, and the river was strongly patrolled by the enemy.

[1945 October, Jeanette Eaton, “Escape”, in Story Parade, →OCLC, page 3, column 2:

On leaving Shenchi, the way lay up a wide valley, on a good road. Then we took to the hills in Wuzhai (Wuchai) county, winding amongst mountain ridges, until we came to Hequ (Hochu) county, where there were more mountains, wild serrated loess country, but everywhere trees and then more trees.

1979 January, Rewi Alley, “Yanbei and Xinxian Prefectures in 1978”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVIII, number 1, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 11, column 1:

Before this moment of truth in the middle of the river, I had wondered what had happened to the Christians. Why did I only meet a few? The explanation offered was that the younger Christians had left for Inner Mongolia, where there are now 20,000 residents from Hequ County. There are only 120,000 people left in Hequ County, and 10,000 in Hequ city, the same number as there were during the bombing in 1939. While the population in the rest of China has more than doubled, Hequ has not grown.

2004, Kari Torjesen Malcolm, We Signed Away Our Lives: How One Family Gave Everything for the Gospel, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 173:

In Hequ county in Shanxi province, two thirds of public servants have been effectively laid off, bursting the bubbles of the so-called iron rice bowl from an occupation which traditionally had guaranteed job security.

2022 September 15, Luna Sun, “China’s fiscal woes highlighted as local authorities turn to fines, traffic tickets to boost revenues”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-09-15, China Economy:


Zuoquan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 左權／左权 (Zuǒquán, literally “Zuo Quan”), a general in the Chinese Red Army who died in 1942.

Yü Shê is the county adjoining Liao Chou on the west, and has been rather a difficult field.[...]The governor of our province has subscribed $500 (Mex.) toward the purchase of X-ray equipment for the Liao Chou Hospital.

[1924 May, “China Notes for February”, in The Missionary Visitor, volume XXVI, number 5, →OCLC, page 143:

On July 7 of the same year, the Provisional Assembly of Representatives of the Shanxi-Hebei-Henan Border Area was inaugurated in Liaoxian County (now Zuoquan County), Shanxi Province.

1992, Deng Xiaoping, Selected Works of Deng Xiaoping, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 314:

The "Xiaohuaxi" (small lantern dance) found in Zuoquan, Shanxi Province is also a kind of small local opera.

1999, 孙景琛 [Sun Jingchen], 罗雄岩 [Luo Xiongyan], 资华筠 [Zi Huayun], translated by Li Jinhui, Liu Jun, and Zhang Qizhi, edited by 资华筠 [Zi Huayun], 中国舞蹈 [Chinese Dance] (中国文化艺术丛书 [Chinese Culture and Art Series]), Beijing: 文化艺术出版社 [Culture and Art Publishing House], →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 75:

In mid-September of 2002, a month before the competition in Xianju, Zuoquan County organized a large-scale commemoration for a local Eighth Route Army general.

2020, Levi S. Gibbs, Faces of Tradition in Chinese Performing Arts, Indiana University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL:


Taigu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 太谷.

Education docs not alienate the youth from their class and rural roots. Young school graduates in Taiku county, Shansi province, return to their home villages to become commune farmers.

[1966 January, Soong Ching Ling, Yuan Ling, “Sixteen Years of Liberation”, in China Reconstructs, volume XV, number I, China Welfare Institute, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 7, column 2:

A district of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China, formerly a county.


Huairen

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 懷仁／怀仁.

(Tayuehkou) brigade in Huaijen County; used to be a unit with old, great and difficult problems. After (Yang Sheng-fu), secretary of the county CCP committee, and several other comrades had stayed there, the brigade was transformed.

[1972 October 19 [1972 October 18], “Democratic Centralism in Shansi County CCP Committees”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 204, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Taiyuan Shansi Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →ISSN, →OCLC, page F 1:

A newly reported “Mesolithic” workshop site at Eh-mao-k’ou, in Huai-jen county, northern Shansi, with large flakes, thick, pointed implements, hand-axes, and ‘“‘tortoise shell-shaped axes,”’ is regarded as a late manifestation of the K’o-ho-Ting-ts’un series.

[1977, Kwang-chih Chang, “Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Foundations”, in The Archaeology of Ancient China, 3rd edition, Yale University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 70:

Quarry-workshops are among the scarcest archaeological site-types in China; only the Neolithic localities of Xiqiaoshan in Nanhai County, Guangdong (Guangdong Provincial Museum 1959; Huang et al. 1982; Zhongshan University Investigation Group 1959), and E'maokou^([sic – meaning Emaokou]) in Huairen County, Shanxi (Jia and You 1973), have been investigated to any significant extent.

1985, Yuping Wang, John W. Olsen, “Aspects of the Inner Mongolian Palaeolithic”, in Palaeoanthropology and Palaeolithic Archaeology in the People's Republic of China, Academic Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 244:

For a case study of Huaijen County of Shanxi in 1984, see Zhao Shengron^([sic]), in Lilun jiaoyu, pp. 8-11. In this county more than half of the peasants who traveled constantly to engage in trade away from home were party members.

[1991, Hsi-sheng Ch’i, “Notes”, in Politics of Disillusionment: The Chinese Communist Party under Deng Xiaoping, 1978-1989, M. E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 313-314:

If Mengniu had started out in north Shanxi in Shuozhou, it would have violated its identity as a good follower. Instead, Mengniu started in Huairen, even further away from Shuozhou than Shanyin, which was recognized as the centre of milk production in that region. At that particular moment, Huairen had just decided to develop its own dairy industry, knowing that it had to compete with 'sister' counties like Shanyin. In a way, Huairen County was taking on a role as market expander, like Mengniu in the Huhhot region. Starting interactions with a number of parties in north Shanxi, Mengniu was likely to have the most efficient interaction with Huairen. With 'efficient' I mean to say that the interaction between Mengniu and the Huairen County government would more quickly lead to the construction of a sensible environment (Weick 1995: 30-38) than with any other party in that area.

2006, Peter J. Peverelli, Chinese Corporate Identity, Routledge, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 136:

A county-level city in Shuozhou, Shanxi, China.


Lüliang

The annual losses of topsoil are now over 10,000 tons per km² in Yulin and Yan’an prefectures in Shaanxi and in Lüliang and Xinxian prefectures in Shanxi, and they average 4,000-5,000 tons per km² a year throughout most of the region, whose most eroded parts are now just a lifeless maze of deeply cut narrow and steep-sided gullies (Figure 8).

1984, Vaclav Smil, The Bad Earth: Environmental Degradation in China, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 42:

As stated above, Lüliang prefecture in Shanxi province is the region where the first wasteland auctions were organized in the early 1980s

2004, Rural Development in Transitional China: The New Agriculture, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 129:

Ten counties around Lüliang in Shanxi have been designated national-level or county-level poverty-stricken counties. In all of them, coal accounts for 70-75 percent of government revenues.¹⁹ According to SAWS statistics, between 2003 and 2006 there were 15 mine accidents, which killed 155 people, in Lüliang.

2010, Kolya Abramsky, editor, Sparking a Worldwide Energy Revolution: Social Struggles in the Transition to a Post-petrol World, AK Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, pages 411–412:

Zhang Zhongsheng, ex-deputy mayor of Lüliang, was sentenced to death for accepting bribes and seeking illegal benefits for others with a severe impact on the local economy, according to the Intermediate People's Court in the nearby city of Linfen, the Xinhua News Agency reported.

2018 March 28, Zhao Yusha, “Former deputy mayor of North China city sentenced to immediate death”, in Global Times, archived from the original on 2018-03-28:

My grandmother did not hear from her beloved daughters again for a long time. Their communications stopped when the Japanese attacked Zhaocheng in April 1938 and their formation had to retreat to Fenxi county, in the Lüliang mountains.

2000, Aiping Mu, Vermilion Gate, Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 81:

An epidemiological study carried out by the Beijing Pediatric Research Institute in Zhongyang County and Jiaokou County in the Lüliang mountain areas between 2000 and 2004 showed that birth defects in these two areas were as high as 71.8 per thousand and 91.7 per thousand,⁵⁸ i.e. between seven and nine newborns out of a hundred are defective births.

2009, Yulin Zhang, “China's War on its Environment and Farmers' Rights: A Study of Shanxi Province”, in Confronting Discrimination and Inequality in China: Chinese and Canadian Perspectives, University of Ottawa Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 165:


Xiyang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 昔陽／昔阳.

In September last year, under the earnest concern of Chairman Mao and the party Central Committee, Comrade Hua Kuo-feng delivered at the National Conference on Learning From Tachai in Agriculture, held in Hsiyang County in our province, a summary report, "The Whole Party Must Get Mobilized To Make Ever Greater Efforts To Develop Agriculture and Struggle To Build Tachai-Type Counties Everywhere."

[1976 November 5 [1976 November 2], Taning County CCP Committee, “The 'Gang of Four' Sabotaged the Campaign to Learn From Tachai in Agriculture in a Vain Attempt to Restore Capitalism”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 215, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Taiyuan Shansi Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →ISSN, →OCLC, page K 4:

After an initial stay of five days in Beijing, I was scheduled to visit Dazhai Production Brigade in Xiyang County of Shanxi Province.

1979, Govind Kelkar, “Learning From Dazhai”, in China After Mao: A Report on Socialist Development, New Delhi: USHA Publications, →OCLC, page 12:

As national models, Dazhai and Xiyang reached the zenith of their prominence in the period after the two national conferences on building Dazhai-type counties held in September 1975 and December 1976.
Chen Yonggui, the Party secretary of Dazhai Village since 1952 or 1953, had been the most powerful figure in Xiyang since 1967 in his capacity as the chairman of the Xiyang Revolutionary Committee and a member of a Party core group.

1982, “National Agricultural Policy: The Dazhai Model and Local Change in the Post-Mao Era”, in The Transition to Socialism in China, M.E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 267:

The village of about 100 households and 500 people in the poor and remote Xiyang county of Shanxi province was an important agricultural model under Mao Zedong.

1994 September 18, “Dazhai brought in from the cold”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-06-07:


Licheng

As for the People category, Huaifeng Li took first place with a beautiful photograph, entitled "Showtime," of a group of actors getting ready for an opera performance in Licheng County in China's Shanxi Province.

2019 June 12, Tamara Hardingham-Gill, “2019 National Geographic Travel Photographer of the Year winners”, in CNN, archived from the original on 2019-06-13:


Yushe

The Yü Shê County official is being entertained in our hospital at the present time. He had the misfortune to be thrown from his horse and broke his arm at the elbow. He has taken considerable interest in reading the Bible and other Christian literature. Yü Shê is the county adjoining Liao Chou on the west, and has been rather a difficult field.

[1924 May, “China Notes for February: Liao Chou”, in The Missionary Visitor, volume XXVI, number 5, →OCLC, page 143:

Shansi[…]Over the past 3 years, Yushe County has delivered 2,100,000 catties of medicinal herbs to the State. In the first 10 months of 1974, the county produced 600,000 catties of medicinal herbs, thus overfulfilling the annual procurement[…]

1975, Summary of World Broadcasts: The Far East. Weekly Supplement, →OCLC, page 12:

Deep canyons in a highly dissected plateau in Yushe County, Shanxi Province, China, expose the fossil-bearing deposits investigated by the American Museum and Chinese team.

1987 December, “Year in Review”, in Rotunda, volume 12, number 11, New York: Waldon Press, Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 6:

Sending working teams to rectify backward party branches, and sending cadres to hold posts in rural areas, are also effective methods that should be continuously carried out after being summarized and perfected. At the same time, we should make great efforts to explore new methods. For example, Yushe County adopted the method of making rich villages merge with poor and smaller villages to improve backward party branches; this is a good method that suits the actual needs of poor mountain areas.

1995 October 25 [1995 August 26], Hu Fuguo, “Set Strict Demands, Do Solid Work, and Greet the Seventh Provincial Party Congress With Significant Achievements”, in FBIS, transl., Daily Report: China, number 95-206, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Taiyuan SHANXI RIBAO (山西日报) 27 August 1995 pp 1, 2, translation of original in Chinese, →ISSN, →OCLC, North Region, page 79, columns 1–2:

It is a pity that no formal record of the first mammalian fossils obtained by Andersson's collectors from Yushe County can be found. Andersson did not pay much attention to the localities that yielded only poor fossils during his early exploration.

2013, Qiu Zhan-Xiang, Richard H. Tedford, “History and Scientific Exploration”, in Late Cenozoic Yushe Basin, Shanxi Province, China: Geology and Fossil Mammals, →DOI, →ISBN, →ISSN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 12, column 1:


Fushan

Another example is Fushan County, 40 kilometers east of Linfen City, where cave dwellings predominate. The 120,000 people of the county are involved in the production of iron ore, coal, wine, and silk.

1990, Gideon S. Golany, Design and Thermal Performance: Below-ground Dwellings in China, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 80:

From Jiamusi I took a local train to Fushan County, and for two hours I sat among Chinese passengers, some of whom looked like peasants.

2015, Ha Jin, A Map of Betrayal, Thorndike, Maine: Center Point Large Print, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 96:


Tunliu

Not far from the Lu , in what is now Tun-liu district (12), the Liu-yü settled (13). The old town of Tun-liu, still reminding us of their name, lay further south than the present town of that name, and was already mentioned in the Han geography (Han-shu ch. 28 A, p. 44b).

[1971, Jaroslav Průšek, Chinese Statelets and the Northern Barbarians in the Period 1400-300 B.C., →OCLC, page 152:

Further investigation showed that Ch’en’s wife’s home served as the liaison station for Kuomintang agents in Tunliu County, part of a network of stations leading from Southeast Shansi down into Honan.

1983, William H. Hinton, “Anatomy of a Frame-up”, in Shenfan, New York: Vintage Books, published 1984, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 576:

The masses were mobilized not only to perform typical activities that are part of agricultural production, but also unusual ones such as killing sparrows and rats that were reportedly competing with humans for food. For instance, in 1958, the people of Tunliu County in Shanxi Province were determined to kill all sparrows and rats within their territory.

2009, Shiping Hua, “Reforms within Communism: China”, in Chinese Utopianism: A Comparative Study of Reformist Thought with Japan and Russia, 1898-1997 (Chinese Studies/Political Theory), Woodrow Wilson Center Press; Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 71:


Huozhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 霍州 (Huòzhōu).

Braving the snow, Xi on Wednesday went to Fengnanyuan Village of Huozhou City, where he visited people affected by the flooding last year that disrupted the lives of 1.76 million residents in Shanxi.

2022 January 27, “CGTN: Celebrating Lunar New Year, China embarks on new journey”, in CGTN via PR Newswire via AP News, archived from the original on 2022-01-28:

In Huozhou city in the northern province of Shanxi, some low-lying houses faced stagnant water breaches, as floods from heavy rain trapped some residents in their buildings, the broadcaster said.

2023 August 12, Engen Tham, “Floods, mudslides kill two in northwestern China city”, in Miral Fahmy, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-08-14, China:

A county-level city in Linfen, Shanxi, China.


Xiangfen

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 襄汾.

Three human teeth also came to light in 1954 at Locality 100 of Ting-ts’un, in Hsiang-fen Hsien, southern Shansi.

[1976, Kwang-chih Chang, “Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Foundations”, in The Archaeology of Ancient China, Yale University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, pages 56–57:

The landslide that plowed into buildings Monday in a valley in Shanxi Province's Xiangfen County also injured 35 others and trapped an unknown number of people under the rubble, local officials said.[…]
"There were survivors on the first day and on the second day, but from day three, it's very likely that anyone we find in the future will be dead already," said a woman named Dong who heads the public relations department of Xiangfen County.

2008 September 10, “Rescue hopes fade after landslide in China kills dozens”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-26, Asia Pacific:


Yuci

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 榆次 (Yúcì).

SHANSI ROADS.[…]
In August of this year and immediately following fairly heavy rains in this district, the writer made three attempts in as many days to get out on to the Yutzu or Fenchowfu sections, but failed to do so even when using two coolies to the one ricksha.[…]Fig. 2 shows the customary neglect even in a main street running north and south through Yutzu, one of the most important commercial centers in the province. Yutzu is a walled city, and prior to 1913, when the Chengtai Railroad was completed, goods were forwarded to this place from the Chihli province for distribution.

[1922 December 29, “Roads in North China”, in The Engineer, volume CXXXIV, number 3496, London, →OCLC, page 682, column 2:

Founded in 1954 in Yuci, Shanxi province, Jingwei is China's biggest textile machinery maker.

1995 December 18, “Jingwei Textile faces flotation fight”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-12-02:

Workers in protective suits collect environmental samples for COVID-19 testing at a village after 2 asymptomatic coronavirus cases were reported, in Yuci district of Jinzhong, Shanxi province, China January 12, 2021.

2021 March 4, Ryan Woo, Roxanne Liu, Hyonhee Shin, Inti Landauro, Ludwig Burger, Stephanie Nebehay, Tom Daly, “Factbox: China's anal tests for coronavirus upset visitors”, in Clarence Fernandez, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-03-05, World News:


Heshun

Shansi Province:
Establishment of Tsochuan (1563 2938) County with part of the administrative district of Hoshun County in the Chinchung Special District to become the administrative district of Tsochuan County. The county people's council is to be seated in the former seat of Tsochuan County.

[1960 April 20 [1960 April 17], “Changes Made in Administrative Areas”, in Daily Report: Foreign Radio Broadcasts, number 77, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →OCLC, page BBB 6:

But the additional detail in the tenancy map suggests a subtlety which was missing when we discussed inequality — missing perhaps because we do not have comprehensive hsien level data for the latter variable. That is that within-province variations in tenancy may in some cases yield a positive correlation with Communist influence. For example, not only does the county of Fushih (Yenan) appear darker than the surrounding areas (as we would expect from its rather high equal share percentage), other counties in other base areas show a similar tendency. Foup’ing in northwest Hopei (a county central to the Shansi-Chahar-Hopei base), Hoshun in southeast Shansi (the first county developed for the Shansi-Hopei-Shantung-Honan Border Region), and several of the counties in the north Anhwei bases stand out from their immediate background.

[1969, Roy Hofheinz, Jr., “The Ecology of Chinese Communist Success: Rural Influence Patterns, 1923-45”, in A. Doak Barnett, editor, Chinese Communist Politics in Action, University of Washington Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 61:

Recent examples of environmental pollution and natural resource degradation issues faced by the investment community, government, and private citizens in China highlight the broad spectrum of China’s environmental and related health challenges. These challenges include drinking water shortages, such as those arising from the massive industrial accident in Chongqing municipality in December 2003."⁴ They also include harmful children’s health situations, such as the high congenital birth defect rates recently recorded in places such as Heshun County in Shanxi Province.⁵

2005, Richard J. Ferris Jr., Hongjun Zhang, “Environmental Law in the People's Republic of China”, in China's Environment and the Challenge of Sustainable Development, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 67:

A cluster of quakes ranging between magnitude 4.8 and 5.2 struck Heshun county in Shanxi on June 5.

2011 November 27, Raymond Li, “A dying art that could reduce tragedy”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-08-02:


Linfen

zh-l

臨汾／临汾 (Línfén)

Headquarters of the Second War Zone was at that time at Linfen, a sizable city on the railway in the southern half of Shansi, jammed now with soldiers, officials and refugees from the North.

1938, Anna Louise Strong, One-Fifth of Mankind, New York: Modern Age Books, →OCLC, page 121:

The village is on the outskirts of Linfen, an industrial city of 4.4 million which was once ranked among the world’s most heavily polluted cities, a consequence of the unregulated boom of steel and other industries locating factories close to their fuel source. Like much of northeastern China, even this region has enjoyed an unusual respite from the smog.

2018 February 10, Steven Lee Myers, “In China’s Coal Country, a Ban Brings Blue Skies and Cold Homes”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-02-10, Asia Pacific:

China coal hub Linfen in central province Shanxi, one of the most polluted cities in the nation, plans to extend its winter restrictions on heavy industries to the end of the third quarter this year as it strives to meet air quality targets.

2019 April 15, Muyu Xu, David Stanway, “China coal hub Linfen to extend anti-pollution curbs to third quarter: draft plan”, in Tom Hogue, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2019-04-15, Sustainable Business:


Yaodu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 堯都／尧都.

In Beilu Village of Liucun Town in Yaodu District, Linfen, abnormal illnesses continued to emerge, as a result of clusters of highly-polluting enterprises mushrooming in the vicinity.

2009, Zhang Yulin, “China's War on its Environment and Farmers' Rights: A Study of Shanxi Province”, in Confronting Discrimination and Inequality in China: Chinese and Canadian Perspectives, University of Ottawa Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 166:

On November 25, the Yaodu District Court convicted Yang and her husband of “illegal occupation of farmland” and “gathering a mob to create a traffic disturbance.”

2014 February 11, “Pastor Yang Rongli”, in THE WORLDWIDE PERSECUTION OF CHRISTIANS, United States House Committee on Foreign Affairs, page 55:

Zhe Jiang Dong Ri Ltd Co
* Says it signs agreement on international agricultural products logistics park project with local government of Yaodu District, Linfen City and a Zhejiang-based firm

2018 January 3, “Zhe Jiang Dong Ri signs agreement on international agricultural products logistics park project”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2024-08-30, Markets:

On May 13, the day before Mother's Day, believers from urban and pastoral areas celebrated the formation of the women’s fellowship at Yaodu District Church in Linfen City.

2023 May 18, Xiaohua Zhang, “Shanxi Church Establishes Women's Fellowship”, in China Christian Daily, archived from the original on 2023-05-21:


Anze

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 安澤／安泽.

[…]success in controlling the big joints disease in An-tse County to the PLA medical teams and to Chairman Mao's revolutionary line on health work.

[1971, “Local Disease Controlled in An-tse County, Shansi”, in Translations on People's Republic of China, Joint Publications Research Service, →OCLC:

The most spectacular change is the increase of rainfall in some areas, reaching an average annual of 100-120 mm. Linfen prefecture and Anze county in Shanxi have the most rainfall in the entire region because the afforested area has increased from the pre-Liberation coverage of 3.8 percent to 18 percent of their land area.

1982 November 18 [1982 June 14], He Guang [4421 0342] [禾光], “How Afforestation Has Changed Gansu's Climate”, in Worldwide Report: Environmental Quality, number 377, United States Joint Publications Research Service, sourced from Lanzhou GANSU RIBAO p 4, translation of original in Chinese, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 121:

Firemen extinguish the fire during an explosion at a liquefied petroleum gas station in Anze county of Linfen, north China's Shanxi province November 28, 2006.

2009 March 31, Rujun Shen, “Wanted: Mayor for accident-prone China coal city”, in Lucy Hornby, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-06-23, Lifestyle:


Fenxi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 汾西.

My grandmother did not hear from her beloved daughters again for a long time. Their communications stopped when the Japanese attacked Zhaocheng in April 1938 and their formation had to retreat to Fenxi county, in the Lüliang mountains.

2000, Aiping Mu, Vermilion Gate, Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 81:

Fenxi County, located in the north of Pingyang prefecture in the mountainous region to the west of the Fen River, suffered even greater losses from the famine. Fenxi was a poor county, indicated not least by the poor quality of its gazetteer.

2009, Andrea Janku, “"Heaven-Sent Disasters" in Late Imperial China: The Scope of the State and Beyond”, in Christof Mauch, Christian Pfister, editors, Natural Disasters, Cultural Responses: Case Studies Toward a Global Environmental History, Lexington Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 245:

Police in the city of Linfen in northern Shanxi province have identified the boy’s aunt Zhang Huiying as a suspect because the boy’s blood was found on her clothes, the official Xinhua News Agency said.[…]
One of the case investigators reached by phone, a police officer in Fenxi county surnamed Liu, referred only to the Xinhua report and refused to answer further questions, saying he was not authorized to speak to the media. Calls to the city and county’s police bureaus’ propaganda departments rang unanswered.

2013 September 4, Gillian Wong, “China police say aunt likely gouged out boy’s eyes”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-06-02:


Daning

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 大寧／大宁.

As in the whole country, cadres and poor and lower-middle peasants in our Taning County, inspired by the spirit of the National Conference on Learning From Tachai in Agriculture, were greatly stimulated and high in spirits and resolved to fight hard in the movement of learning from Tachai in agriculture and building Tachai-type counties everywhere.
In the face of the excellent situation, the anti-party clique of the "gang of four,"--Wang, Chang, Chiang and Yao--stepped up their antiparty activities and strengthend their attacks on the party.[…]
Under the influence of their incorrect line, some cadres in our Taning County had the feeling of "It is safe to grasp revolution, it is dangerous to grasp production," with the result that class enemies seized the chance to make trouble, capitalism and anarchism ran rampant, production on some communes and brigades developed slowly and little transformation occurred.

[1976 November 5 [1976 November 2], “The 'Gang of Four' Sabotaged the Campaign to Learn From Tachai in Agriculture in a Vain Attempt to Restore Capitalism”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 215, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Taiyuan Shansi Provincial Service, translation of original by Taning County CCP Committee (in Mandarin), →ISSN, →OCLC, page K 4:

Recently published inscriptions about earthquakes in Shanxi provide the statistical information, which proves reliable when we compare the different records.[…]An inscription from Daning county describes a similar toll: 175,800 people in Pingyang circuit died.

2018, Jinping Wang, “Clergy, Irrigation Associations, and the Rural Socioeconomic Order”, in In the Wake of the Mongols, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 166:


Pingshun

There stood a man with two horses. His story was that he had been sent by his master, who was none other than the magistrate of Pingshun County, the night before and had traveled all night over the mountains to come and get us to go and take care of the magistrate’s wife who had been in labor, unable to deliver, for two whole days.[...]
The fact is that we had been hoping and praying for some months that our missionaries might find an opening into the County of Pingshun, about thirty-five miles to the east of Luan in Shansi, province of North China.

1945, Paul E. Adolph, “A Magistrate Calls the Doctor”, in Surgery Speaks to China: The Experiences of a Medical Missionary to China in Peace and in War, China Inland Mission, →OCLC, page 13:

Liu Pin-yen was named as the number one rightist on the China Youth Daily and in 1958 he was sent to Pingshun County in Shansi Province for labor reform.

1989, Issues & Studies, volume 25, numbers 7-12, Institute of International Relations, ROC (中華民國國際關係研究所), →ISSN, →OCLC, page 125:


Hongtong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 洪洞 (Hóngtóng).

The Wang Family Register now records the names of eighteen generations of the descendants of Wang Erlao, our founding ancestor. Wang Erlao came to this area from Hongtong County in Shanxi Province several hundred years ago.

1996, Peter J. Seybolt, “Houhua Village Under New Leadership, 1984-1990”, in Throwing the Emperor from His Horse: Portrait of a Village Leader in China, 1923-1995, Westview Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 115:

Hongtong County's welfare entrepreneurs
Hongtong County, located within Linfen City, is part of one of the most economically dynamic prefectures in Shanxi Province and presents some good examples of emergent welfare entrepreneurialism.

2008, David S. G. Goodman, editor, The New Rich in China: Future Rulers, Present Lives, Routledge, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 106:

Shanxi provincial department of environmental protection, along with the government of Linfen City, which administers Hongtong County, has sent a team of investigators to the county to look for possible malpractice, the department said.

2018 April 19, “Environment watchdog follows up chemical waste TV exposure”, in Mu Xuequan, editor, Xinhua News Agency:

Yao and Shun's Stories in Hongtong
County, Shanxi Province
Shanxi, one of China's northern provinces, is renowned for its long history, old temples, and rich coal resources. Hongtong is a county in the prefecture-level city of Linfen, in the southwestern part of the province. Currently, Hongtong is the most populated county in the city of Linfen, occupying an area of 1,563 square kilometers, with a population of 733,421 in 2010.² It has nine towns (zhen 镇) and seven townships (xiang 乡), including 463 villagers' committees that govern 902 natural villages (Zhang and Wang et al. 2005). Hongtong is well-known for its former status as an immigration transfer center during the Ming dynasty.

2019, Lijun Zhang, Ziying You, editors, Chinese Folklore Studies Today: Discourse and Practice, Indiana University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 126:

Hongtong
National Imagery and Mapping Agency


Huguan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 壺關／壶关 (Húguān).

Methods of selecting only the best men have been worked out. Not everyone who wants to join the army is accepted by any means.[…]
In Hukuan County in southern Shansi, only 1,400 men were approved out of 2,101 who wanted to go.

[1956, “Recruiting in Communist China”, in Scope of Soviet Activity in the United States, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, page 273:

The Hukuan County CCP Committee has seriously implemented the instructions of Chairman Hua and the party Central Committee, carried forward the party's traditions and work style and actively rectified fiscal and economic discipline.

[1978 February 21 [1978 February 15], “County in Shansi Improves Fiscal Economic Discipline”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 35, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page K 2:

THE dense forests and deep ravines of the Taihang Moutnaisn once made southeastern Shanxi province one of China's more backward areas in transportation.[...]A commune in Huguan county once went in for collecting mountain products such as fruit and medicinal herbs, in the hope that they could be got out, but because of insufficient transport a thousand tons of them rotted one year.

1982 September, Haiqing Zhang, “Better Transport Livens Up a Mountain Area”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXI, number 9, →OCLC, page 43:

When I was eighteen I obtained Master Zhang Kongzhao’s Hand Combat Classic (Quan jing), which he compiled while serving under my clan’s remote great-uncle in Huguan County (in Southeastern Shanxi, near Henan’s border).

2008, Meir Shahar, “Hand Combat”, in The Shaolin Monastery: History, Religion, and the Chinese Martial Arts, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 125:

Born in Huguan County in Shanxi, Xia Fangzhou graduated from the Art Department of Inner Mongolia Normal University in 1964 and worked for museums and newspapers for many years.

2008, “Jia Fangzhou”, in Zhu Wei's Album of Ink Painting [朱伟水墨册页1988—2008], →ISBN, →OCLC, page 509, column 1:


Shangdang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 上黨／上党 (Shàngdǎng).

Dang Shen (Radix Codonopsis). Dang Shen comes from the Shangdang district of Shanxi province of China. There are two types, the wild type and the cultivated type.

2001, Xiangcai Xu, “Practical Chinese Materia Medica for Healthcare”, in Traditional Chinese Health Secrets: The Essential Guide to Harmonious Living, Boston, Mass.: YMAA Publication Center, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 42:

(2) The city 's evaluation value was 0.75, the overall carrying capacity is strong. In each county, the maximum evaluation value is 0.85 in Wuxiang County, and the minimum is 0.46 in Shangdang District. Most counties have strong carrying capacity, and there was a local contradiction between supply and demand in Luzhou District and Shangdang District.

2021, Fucui Li, Kai Niu, “Evaluation of water resources carrying capacity in Changzhi City Based on Analytic Hierarchy Process”, in Earth and Environmental Science, volume 692, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-04-17, page 8: