Dongxiang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東庠／东庠 (Dōngxiáng).

A township in Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

An island in Dongxiang, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China


Mount Tai

Partial calque of Mandarin 泰山 (Tàishān).

He dedicated Mount Tai to the worship of the genii, and raised a sacred mound at the foot of the mountain.

1879, Robert K. Douglas, Confucianism and Taouism, London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, →OCLC, →OL, page 240:

Mount T’ai bestrides the Ch’i and Lu districts [of' Shantung], while its most remarkable scenery is at Lung-yen.

[1985, Early Chinese Texts on Painting, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 182:

Mount Tai, in the eastern province of Shandong, represents longevity in Chinese tradition.

2016 February 15, Didi Kirsten Tatlow, “China’s Legal Professionals, Under Limits at Home, Note Scalia’s Death”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-02-15, Asia Pacific:

A mountain in Taishan district, Tai'an, Shandong, China.


Yunfu

(44) WESTERN KUANGTUNG
[...]Tatai Formation. Ferruginous sandstone interstratified with beds of limonite which contain Tertiary plants. A thick conglomerate or breccia cemented by ferruginous sands and clays forms the basal part. Typically developed at Tataiyung and Shanshuiwei in the vicinity of the city of Yunfu.

1939, J. S. Lee, The Geology of China, London: Thomas Murby & Co., →OCLC, page 478:

China's 13 large foreign fertilizer plants ordered a few years ago are all scheduled to be in operation in a year or two.[…]China's biggest pyrite mine (openpit), being built in Yunfu, Kwangtung Province, was near completion.

1978 November 9, K. P. Wang, “China's Mineral Economy”, in Chinese Economy Post-Mao: A Compendium of Papers, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 387:

The fields of Aoshi and surrounding hamlets have been swallowed up by economic development unfurling at breakneck speed across the plains and hills here in Guangdong province, about 175 miles northwest of Hong Kong.
Like the stooped peasant working the soil, many farmers here have been reduced to tilling vacant strips along the borders of new buildings and construction sites, raising crops on ground that is no longer legally theirs to work. Their land, on the edge of fast-growing Yunfu city, has been marked for development, and they have been marked for obsolescence.

2006 March 26, Edward Cody, “Bulldozed by Growth, Stonewalled by Government Pleas by Peasant Farmers for Fair Payment for Land Are Left Unanswered”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-08-27:

Mr. Yan, the general manager of Yunfu Citistone Manufactory, a maker of decorative tiles and wash basins located in Yunfu, a city in southern China’s Guangdong province, said he had resisted cutting prices even as each dollar in export revenue covered more renminbi of his costs.

2014 April 25, Keith Bradsher, “A Policy-Making Mystery in the Renminbi’s Decline”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-04-26, International Business:

A prefecture-level city in Guangdong, China.


Bengbu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 蚌埠 (Bèngbù).

The 2nd Army Group was to the west along the railroad to Kaifeng, while the 16th Army Group was situated to the south along the rail line to Pengpu (Peng-pu) on the Huai River.[…]
Jiang’s last effort was to commit his Sixth Army from Pengpu, but its advance ground to a halt under fierce PLA guerrilla attacks.

[2011, “Battle of Huaihai”, in Battles that Changed History: An Encyclopedia of World Conflict, ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 558–559:

Individuals with deposits of up to 100,000 yuan ($14,787) will be repaid, the Henan branch of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission (CBIRC) and the provincial financial bureau said in a joint statement.
Authorities in Anhui's Bengbu city made a similar statement, saying it will start repaying clients at a bank there with deposits of 50,000-100,000 yuan.

2022 July 21, Ryan Woo, Samuel Shen, “China to repay more depositors to defuse rural bank scandal”, in Muralikumar Anantharaman, Simon Cameron-Moore, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-07-25, Finance:

A prefecture-level city in Anhui, China.


Dezhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 德州 (Dézhōu).

In the winter of 1866-7 Messrs. Stanley and Williams made a tour to Têchou, Shantung, about 160 miles to the south, and later Messrs. Stanley and Goodrich made the same trip.

[1907, “American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. A. B. C. F. M. (美國公理會), 1810.”, in D. MacGillivray, editor, A Century of Protestant Missions in China (1807-1907) Being the Centenary Conference Historical Volume, Shanghai: American Presbyterian Mission Press, →OCLC, page 269:

A driving teacher in China is using an unorthodox method to get his students to drive with more care. He calls it the “fatal blow” method. Basically, students have to manoeuvre the car with skill or risk crushing their smartphones... or those of their classmates.
An amateur video documenting this unique technique was posted on April 10 on the Beijing Time YouTube channel. It was filmed at “Jade horse” driving school in Dezhou, a town located 300 kilometres south of Beijing in China’s Shandong province.

2018 April 18, “Chinese driving school makes students put phones on line”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2018-04-18:

A prefecture-level city in Shandong, China.


Haidong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 海東／海东 (Hǎidōng).

[Excerpts] According to a report by this station's correspondent, all counties under Haidong Prefecture [a new prefecture in Qinghai Province] are striving to strengthen agriculture by mobilizing available manpower, material and financial resources.

1979 July 25 [1979 July 22], “QINGHAI: XINING PLANS TO PUSH AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 144, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Xining Qinghai Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →OCLC, page T 1:

The exercise is complicated by the fact that populations in borderland areas are often mixed within a single county, although segregation might still remain very distinct. For instance, in Xunhua Salar Autonomous County of the Haidong District in Qinghai, the birthplace of the 10th Panchen Lama, Tibetans account for about one-fifth of the population. However, this Tibetan population remains very homogeneous in the higher-altitude townships of the county to this day, while Salar Muslims dominate the lower-altitude townships and towns, and this pattern of segregation pre-dates the twentieth century.

2008 [2002], Andrew M. Fischer, “44. Dalai and his followers claim that 7.5 million Han have been emigrated to Tibet, and that Tibetans have become a minority nationality in the region. Is that true?”, in Anne-Marie Blondeau, Katia Buffetrille, editors, Le Tibet est-il chinois? Résponses à cent questions chinoises [Authenticating Tibet: Answers to China's 100 Questions], University of California Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 146:

Authorities in Qinghai’s Haidong prefecture, where the second protest took place, either could not be reached or said they had no information on the case.

2013 February 26, “Tibetan monks self-immolate in anti-China protest”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-05-27:

Three Tibetans from Qinghai Province have been given prison sentences for “inciting state secession,” according to a statement on an official provincial Web site. On Monday, a court in Haidong Prefecture sentenced the Tibetans — Kalsang Dhondup, Jigme Thabkey and Lobsang — to terms of six, five and four years, respectively.

2013 March 21, Edward Wong, “3 Tibetans Sentenced in Immolation Cases”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-03-21, Asia Pacific:

Tanwang did not need to worry about the collectors demanding money. That same day, I talked to a group of Mongour from Minhe County in Haidong Region. I asked them whether they would demand return of the permit fees.

2016, Tsering Bum, Guardians of Nature: Tibetan Pastoralists and the Natural World, →ISSN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 165:

A prefecture-level city in Qinghai, China, formerly a prefecture.


Chinchew

/t͡ʃɪnˈt͡ʃuː/

Uncertain. Either:
* Borrowed from Spanish Chincheo directly or indirectly via Portuguese Chincheo, ultimately from Hokkien 漳州 (Cheng-chiu, “Chiangchew/Zhangzhou”, IPA: /t͡ɕiɪŋ³³ t͡ɕiu³³/) specifically of the Quanzhou Hokkien dialect pronunciation, according to Van der Loon (1967), Boxer (1953) and the 1902 Encyclopedia from older late 1800s records, due to European sailors initially denoting on maps the Bay of Amoy and surrounding areas as "漳州" with various transcriptions such as "Chiochiu", "Chanchiu", "Chincheo", etc. as per Van der Loon (1967).
* From a supposed previous "Tsuien-chow" romanization, from Mandarin 泉州 (Quánzhōu, IPA: /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/) according to Duncan (1902)
Compare Chiangchew. See also Hokkien 晉江／晋江 (Chìn-kang), 泉州 (Choân-chiu), 漳州 (Chiang-chiu / Cheng-chiu), 漳江.

cog

IPA: /t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

The Lamyet (or Nanjeih) islands are situated to the northeastward of Chinchew bay, the nearest distant about forty miles. The mainland, leaving its usual northeastern direction, runs out due east for above thirty miles, and the first of the Lamyet islands lies off the easternmost point of it. From hence there is an almost uninterrupted series of islands and islets, up to the mouth of the Yangtsze keäng. The Lamyet islands are opposite to the entrance of a deep bay, at the bottom of which is the city of Hinghwa foo, the capital of the most fertile portion of Fuhkeën. This bay, however, has not yet been visited by foreigners. The outermost of the Lamyet islands, named by Ross Ocksou, was found, when passed by the ships of Lord Amherst’s embassy, to be in lat .24° 59' 15" north, lon. 119° 34' 30" east. About thirty miles further to the northward, we pass between an island of peculiar form and the main. This island is named Haetan, the altar of the sea ; in shape it is semicircular, and of nearly equal breadth throughout. A few miles above this island we reach the mouth of the river Min.

1837 May, “Coast of China: the division of it into four portions ; brief description of the principal places on the southeastern, eastern, and northeastern portions.”, in The Chinese Repository, volume VI, number 1, Canton, →OCLC, pages 12–13:

It was then suggested that if two more men were ready perhaps it would be well to appoint them for the region north of us, to carry the Gospel to the villages and towns between Amoy and Chinchew and see whether the way might not be open to begin operations in that city. Chinchew is an important city near the seacoast, about one-third of the way from Amoy to Foochovv. The suggestion concerning the appointment of men for Chinchew was new to us.

1894, John Gerardus Fagg, Forty Years in South China, New York: Anson D. F. Randolph & Company, →OCLC, →OL, page 135:

They holed easily; once, off Chinchew, when Dent’s Lord Amherst chose to send a few warning rounds over the heads of several anchored rather too close, a gun happened to hang fire until the ship rolled, and she accidentally put a ball smack into one and saw her fill and go down.

1975, Peter Ward Fay, The Opium War 1840-1842, Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, published 1997, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 124:

Worcester (1972, 22) indicates that the whitewash used on ships around Chinchew, China, contains wood oil extracted from the poisonous seeds of Dryandra cordifolia which prevents attack by sea worms.

1989, Gunnar Thompson, Nu Sun, Fresno, CA: Pioneer Publishing Co., →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 214:

Sailing under Spanish colours with his cousin William McKay at the helm, Matheson left the safe haven of Canton and headed north to Chinchew (Quanzhou), in Fujian. There, Matheson managed to offload $80,000- (over £17,000)- worth of the drug — enough to persuade him to return in the autumn - when storms forced his ship to take shelter 30 miles short of Chinchew in what turned out to be the region’s principal opium port.

2016, Liam Byrne, “William Jardine”, in Dragons: Ten Entrepreneurs Who Built Britain, Head of Zeus, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 227:

Rizal’s great, great grandfather named Domingo Lamco (also called Lam-co, Cua Yi Lam in Hokkien or Ke Yi-nan in Mandarin) was a native of Sionque, in the Chinchew district of the province of Fookien. He migrated to the Philippines due to political unrest in China and settled in Calamba in 1697.

2019 April 21, Jojie Alcantara, “The Jose Rizal Square in Jinjiang, China”, in SunStar, archived from the original on 2023-04-01:

(dated) Quanzhou (a city in southern Fujian, China)


Shigatse

From Tibetan གཞིས་ཀ་རྩེ (gzhis ka rtse).

Far different in character and general disposition is the Penchen Rinpoche (or, as generally called by us, the Tashi Lama) of the great monastery of Tashi-lhunpo near Shigatse.

1905, Perceval Landon, The Opening of Tibet: An Account of Lhasa and the Country and People of Central Tibet and of the Progress of the Mission Sent There by the English Government in the Year 1903-4, New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., →OCLC, page 444:

Truck convoys, carrying troops as well as supplies, have been shuttling between Shigatse and the border area, the source said.
"Such traffic has also been very heavy on the Shigatse-Yatung highway and the Shigatse-Gartok highway," the source added.

1973 April 22, “Troops concentrate on Tibet-Sikkim border”, in Free China Weekly, volume XIV, number 15, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:

The Pundit described Shigatse as being three-quarters of a mile long and half a mile wide, surrounded by fertile soil, with a population of nine thousand and garrisoned by a force of one hundred Chinese and four hundred Tibetan soldiers.

1990, Derek J. Waller, The Pundits: British Exploration of Tibet and Central Asia, University Press of Kentucky, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 48:

In a similar case, on September 23, 2014, more than 1,000 local Tibetans of Dokar and Zibuk villages (Lhundrup County, Shigatse Prefecture) near Lhasa, the Tibetan capital city protested against the poisoning of their rivers by the Gyama Copper Poly-metallic Mine.

2018, Central Tibetan Administration, Tibet was Never a Part of China: but the Middle Way Approach Remains a Viable Solution, New Delhi: Norbu Graphics, →ISBN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-10-08, page 147:

Tenzin Dolkar, who later began using Tendol, a variation of her first name, was born in the central Tibetan town of Shigatse (also known as Xigaze) on Dec. 2, 1951, according to her Swiss passport.

2020 May 15, Stephen Kurczy, “Tendol Gyalzur, Refugee Who Founded Orphanages in Tibet, Dies”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-05-15, THOSE WE’VE LOST:

CIMC Sanctum has been providing liquid oxygen storage tanks for schools, hospitals, nursing homes, government buildings, police and fire stations in Lhasa, Naqu, Ngari and Shigatse and other areas since 2017.

2020 July 31, “CIMC Sanctum provides 72 liquid oxygen storage tanks for oxygen-deficient Tibet”, in AP News, PR Newswire, archived from the original on 2022-08-24:

Beijing also wants to push ahead with the Tibet-Nepal Railway linking Kathmandu with Shigatse, the second-largest city in Tibet, which was among a number of bilateral deals signed in 2018 between Nepal and China, but has yet to gain much traction.

2020 September 4, “China planning building spree in Tibet as India tensions rise, sources say”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2020-09-05:

A prefecture-level city in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China.


Jiexiu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 介休 (Jièxiū, “Jie's Rest”). Supposedly named by Ji Chong'er, the Wen Duke of Jin, in his remorse for having killed his loyal subject Jie Zhitui and Jie's mother with an intentional forest fire in the region.

As one example of the wartime orientation of this propaganda, here is part of a leaflet prepared by the CCP-dominated Shansi Sacrifice League and captured by the Japanese Army in Chiehhsiu hsien, Shansi, in September 1938.

[1962, Chalmers A. Johnson, “Peasant Nationalism in China”, in Peasant Nationalism and Communist Power: The Emergence of Revolutionary China 1937-1945, Stanford University Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 4:

He spent the rest of his life teaching at Chin-yang (T’ai-yuan), K’uo-hsien, and Chieh-hsiu in Shansi, using these years to master his favorite work, the Book of Changes (Chou i).[…]
After his death at Chieh-hsiu in 1827 Chi-yü, his only son, collected Jun-ti’s miscellaneous essays from his students, which he published posthumously around 1831 in seventeen chüan under the title Tun-ken-chai i-shu (Remaining writings from the Tun-ken Study).

[1975, Fred W. Drake, “A Scholar-Official from Shansi”, in China Charts the World: Hsu Chi-yü and His Geography of 1848, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 10–11:

Hou was born in 1896 in Jiexiu County, Shanxi Province, into a landlord family.

1987, Wolfgang Bartke, “Hou Wailu (侯外庐)”, in Who's Who in the People's Republic of China, 2nd edition, K. G. Saur, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 149:

Gao’s freedom was short-lived, however. Less than three weeks later, the police tracked him to the city of Jiexiu in Shanxi province and searched house-to-house until they found him, Li Fawang, a supporter who helped him escape, told The Associated Press. Gao’s whereabouts are now unknown.

2017 November 17, Christopher Bodeen, “Human rights repression in China seen worsening under Xi”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-03-08:

A county-level city in Jinzhong, central Shanxi, China.


Dingzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 定州 (Dìngzhōu, “Orderly Prefecture”).

der

Their colour, once described as silver or snow, was long held to be an achievement of the potters of the Song dynasty, but excavations at the Dingzhou kilns in Hebei as early as 1941 have established that white ware was already in production at that location during the ninth century.

1996, Patricia Eichenbaum Karetzky, Arts of the Tang Court, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 47:

The Communist Party chief of Dingzhou, a city in northern Hebei Province, was sentenced to life in prison for his role in one the bloodiest rural clashes in recent years, family members of the victims said.

2006, Joseph Kahn, “World Briefing | Asia: China: City Chief Gets Life In Land Clash”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-03-22, World:

Dingzhou residents who lost family in a land row insist on official probe, saying five convicted in court are scapegoats
Residents of Dingzhou, Hebei province, where six villagers were beaten to death last summer over a land dispute, have been taking turns to petition authorities in Beijing for further investigations into the case despite a court verdict last month.
Although a court in Handan city sentenced four people to death and Dingzhou party secretary He Feng to life in prison for their roles in the violent crackdown, the villagers say they are convinced the five are only scapegoats and Beijing must act to bring the real criminals to justice.

2006 March 27, Minnie Chan, “Villagers keep up demands for justice”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-06-05:

Yousheng Village, Dingzhou City, Hebei Province, is about 100 miles southwest of Beijing.

2012, Manuel Castells, Gustavo Cardoso, João Manuel Gaspar Caraça, editors, Aftermath: the Cultures of the Economic Crisis, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 267:

A county-level city in Baoding Prefecture, Hebei, China.

定州

a county-level city in Baoding Prefecture, Hebei, China

(historical) Synonym of Ding Prefecture, a prefecture of imperial China with its seat at Dingzhou.


Zhanjiang

/ˈdʒɑn.dʒɑŋ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 湛江 (Zhànjiāng).

On April 4, he made the hop from Haiphong to Fort-Bayard (present-day Chanchiang, China) but almost ditched and had to lighten the plane by throwing things overboard.

[1989, Patrick Reynolds, Tom Shachtman, “Smith and Libby”, in The Gilded Leaf, Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 155:

Personnel stood in formation as they bid farewell to their family and friends during a ceremony at the port to send the cargo ship and its crew off on its journey to Zhanjiang, southern China, where the ACMEX maneuvers will be held, an epa-efe journalist reports.

2018 October 17, “Philippine navy vessel to take part in exercises in China”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2018-10-17:


Sanming

The Southeast uplands are generally poor in mineral resources, but coal and iron were evidently abundant enough to justify the construction of a medium-size integrated iron and steel plant in Fukien at Sanming during the Great Leap. Coal for the Sanming operation is mined in the Changping-Lungyen district and iron ore at nearby Hwaan.

1972, Theodore Shabad, China's Changing Map, New York: Frederick A. Praeger, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 170:

In 1959, on my way to Changting from Sanming in north Fukien, the bus stopped at an eating place and I got into conversation with a young woman at the same table.

1976, Hung-ying Liao, “My Old Home Revisited”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XV, number 2, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 14:

A young woman had just finished her dancing class and was on her way home when I accosted her. She was Wan Li, a cadre at the economics ministry. She had gone to the Dalian Foreign Language Institute (she hadn't met Cherry Blossom there, unfortunately) but she had been raised in the central Fujian town of Sanming. That town had the reputation in China of being somewhat utopian. It had been developed by people from all over China, before the Cultural Revolution. Miss Wan claimed that everything that had been said about Sanming was true—no problems, no pollution, perfect integration, a model city.
"Any Tibetans in Sanming?"
"No," Miss Wan said. "They have to stay in Tibet and solve their own problems. But people in Sanming are very civilized. They are from all places. Like the United States!"

1988, Paul Theroux, “The Night Train to Xiamen: Number 375”, in Riding the Iron Rooster: By Train Through China, G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 410–411:

The outbreak in Sanming city in Fujian killed 27 animals on a farm of 11,950 pigs, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said in a statement on its website.

2018 December 20, Hallie Gu, Tom Daly, “China confirms new African swine fever outbreak in Fujian province”, in Tom Hogue, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2018-12-20, Health News:

A prefecture-level city in Fujian, China.


Changtai

/(ˈ)t͡ʃæŋˈtaɪ/

From the Postal Map romanization of Mandarin 長泰／长泰 (Chángtài).

Even in Tegal, where the temple still retains its original name, some other deities—Xuantian shangdi, Shennong, and Qingyuan zhenjun (a deity worshipped by the people from Changtai district, Fujian province), etc.—have been introduced.

1993, Claudine Salmon, “Cults Peculiar to the Chinese in Java”, in Cheu Hock Tong, editor, Chinese Beliefs and Practices in Southeast Asia (Studies on the Chinese Religion in Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia), Pelanduk Publications, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 297:

Just north of Zhangzhou city, in Changtai county, a branch of the Anti-Opium Society was established in 1907. Under its leadership, opium dens were shut down, and opium shops were licensed or closed. The only available account of the suppression campaign in Changtai expresses serious misgivings about the effectiveness of the society, however, claiming that what appeared to be progress was simply the transformation of an open trade in opium into an underground commerce.

2003, Joyce A. Madancy, “Provincial Patterns of Reform Before the Revolution of 1911”, in The Troublesome Legacy of Commissioner Lin: The Opium Trade and Opium Suppression in Fujian Province, 1820s to 1920s (Harvard East Asian Monographs), volume 227, Harvard University Asia Center, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 173:

A district of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China, formerly a county.


Jian'ou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 建甌／建瓯 (Jiàn'ōu).

Li, from Jianou in Fujian province, was confirmed to have been infected with the H5N1 bird flu virus in March.
"A doctor in her village will carry out medical checks every day and report her condition to us to ensure her complete recovery," said Huang Jian, deputy director of Jianou's Health Bureau.

[2007 May 29, “China says bird flu patient recovers, goes home”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-04-27:

Every now and then, Wan Zijing likes to bring up something that happened many years ago when we had both participated in the Provincial Young Writers’ Association conference in the historical city of Jian’ou.

2013, Li Han, “Late Stage”, in Josh Stenberg, transl., Irina's Hat: New Short Stories from China, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 155:

A county-level city in Nanping, Fujian, China.


Nanping

Work centers in Nanping (formerly called Yenping) where are located the Nanping General Hospital and a high school for boys and girls. The conference has about 50 churches and 3,000 members. This conference is in Free China. Refugee institutions from Foochow have been temporarily located within the Yenping Conference—the Hwa Nan College and Hwa Nan High School at Nanping, and the Anglo-Chinese College and Union Kindergarten Training School at Yankow.

1944, Arthur J. Moore, Christ After Chaos, New York: Board of Missions and Church Extension The Methodist Church, →OCLC, page 32:

We traveled down the Min River from Nanping in a small sampan, flying the American flag for protection against bandits and soldiers. Those were the days when the Stars and Stripes still afforded some protection.

1953, John C. Caldwell, China Coast Family, Chicago: Henry Regnery Company, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 96:

Parents burn paper money to mourn for school students who were stabbed to death by a man at a primary school in Nanping, Fujian province March 24, 2010.

2010 April 12, “China stabbings spur public call for school security”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-07, World News:


Yiwu

Wu Han was born in Yiwu, Chekiang, in 1909, in a middle-class family too poor to pay for his education at National (Tsing Hua) University, where Wu supported himself by tutoring until his graduation in 1934.

1938, Edgar Snow, Red Star Over China, Grove Press, published 1978, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 559:

The text of to-night's "communique" says:-
[...]Heavy fighting is continuing in the East Chekiang province with the Japanese launching vigorous attacks at Kienteh and Yiwu to the north-east of Kinhawa, the provincial capital.
The Japanese troops on the Railway first attacked the Chinese positions in the vicinity of Yiwu in mass formation and then split up into several small units and attempted infiltration tactics.

1942 May 25, “Chinese Occupy Strategic Points On Old Caravan Road”, in The Bombay Chronicle, volume XXX, number 123, →OCLC, page 1:

If it’s small, cheap and made of plastic, it can probably be found in Yiwu, a city in China’s southeastern Zhejiang province.

2013 December 13, Julie Bosman, “Welcome to Tchotchke Town”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-08-04, Magazine:

From the widget wholesalers of Yiwu, south of Shanghai, to the halls of Communist Party power in Beijing, there is consternation that the trade war has dragged on for so long and doubt that the next battle could be a turning point.

2019 October 30, Anna Fifield, “In China’s capital of Halloween slime and ooze, the trade war is a scary subject”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-10-30, Asia & Pacific:

A county-level city in Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.


Xinzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 忻州 (Xīnzhōu).

Like many gay Chinese growing up at the turn of the millennium, Duan Shuai began his long, deliberate process of coming out online. After school, he would visit the newly opened internet cafe in his hometown, Xinzhou, a small city in Shanxi Province bounded by a veil of mountains.[…]
 When Duan opens up the app anywhere in the country, be it in Beijing’s bustling commercial district Sanlitun or back in Xinzhou, he’ll find an endless scroll of users: cosmopolitan yuppies dressed in drag, rural blue-collar workers with faceless profiles.

2020 March 5, Yi-Ling Liu, “How a Dating App Helped a Generation of Chinese Come Out of the Closet”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-03-06, Feature:

A prefecture-level city in Shanxi, China.


Xinzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 信州 (Xìnzhōu).

The vague wording of the Xinzhou district government’s statement Saturday, which said workers had “decontaminated” the animal though there was no indication it had been infected with the coronavirus, helped fuel the outcry.
The pet’s owner or owners could not be reached for comment. According to an account on the Twitter-like platform Weibo that first shared the video, the owners had been sent to hotel quarantine along with other residents of their neighborhood in the city of Shangrao, in Jiangxi Province.

2021 November 14, Austin Ramzy, “A video of decontamination workers clubbing a pet corgi stirs anger in China.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-11-16, Asia Pacific:


Xinzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 新洲 (Xīnzhōu).


Anning

From Pi-chi Kuan to An-ning chou 安甯州 (now An-ning hsien) is 50 li. An-ning is a walled city lying in a valley at an altitude of 6,000 feet. In ancient days it was the T’ang-lang-ch’uan 螳螂川 (Mantis stream) of the Tien Kingdom. A small trail here branches off to the town of Wu-ting 武定, three stages to the north of K’un-ming and a distance of 210 li from An-ning. (A motorroad has now been built.)

[1947, Joseph F. Rock, “Introduction”, in The Ancient Na-khi Kingdom of Southwest China, volume 1, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, →OCLC, →OL, page 15:

CNPC’s refinery comprises one of the auxiliary infrastructures of Sino-Burma crude oil pipelines, which just entered the Industrial Park of Anning City, Yunnan Province in 2013. The pipeline stands at the windward of the “City of Eternal Spring” and upstream side of the “City of Water Shortage,” Kunming.

2014, Yangtze River Delta Earth First!, “Environmental Group Events in Today's China”, in Alexander Reid Ross, editor, Grabbing Back: Essays Against the Global Land Grab, AK Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781849351898/page/n143/:

PetroChina has also been building a 260,000 barrels per day (bpd) refinery at Anning in Yunnan province to process the oil, which so far can only be stored in tanks.

2016 October 10, Aizhu Chen, Aung Hla Tun, “New China refinery faces delay as Myanmar seeks extra oil tax: sources”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2018-10-10, Commodities:

A county-level city in Kunming, Yunnan, China.

THE second day after leaving Hui-li-chou we entered the valley of the Anning Ho, a grey, fast-flowing stream whose course runs parallel with the meridian like all the others of that interesting group of rivers between Assam and eastern Szechuan, the Irrawaddy, the Sal ween, the Mekong, the Yangtse, the Yalung. The Anning, the smallest of these, lies enclosed in a wilderness of tangled ranges, and its valley forms the shortest trade route between Szechuan and the Indo-Chinese peninsula.

1913, Elizabeth Kendall, “The Chien-ch'ang”, in A Wayfarer in China: Impressions of a Trip Across West China and Mongolia, Houghton Mifflin Company, →OCLC, page 71:


Jingle

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 靜樂／静乐.

Kao Wen-huan, a member of the Chinglo county CCP core group and commanding general of the Chinglo county revolutionary rebellion general command (former magistrate of Chinglo country), also highly praised representatives of mass organizations he had worked with in the revolutionary "three-way alliance" provisional organ of power for their class awareness and their indomitable revolutionary spirit.

[1967 April 14 [1967 April 7], “SHANSI CADRES RELATE EXPERIENCES TO NCNA”, in Daily Report Foreign Radio Broadcasts, number 73, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →OCLC, page DDD 8:

According to a survey of 19 villages in Jingle County, Shanxi Province, 880 of the 5,758 peasant households sold land, as a result of which 167 old middle-peasant households declined in status to poor peasants, similar to the way the status of 471 new middle-peasant households which had just acquired land declined during the land reform.

1985, Wang Huimin, transl., edited by Luo Hanxian (罗涵先), 中国农村的经济变革 [Economic Changes in Rural China] (China Studies Series), Beijing: New World Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 52:

Yao Yanmei, in her 30s, said she has found her dream career in her hometown of Shanxi's Jingle County. Inspired by the local intangible cultural heritage of paper cutting, she has developed a form of "creative paddy field agriculture" to attract a following online, while selling agricultural products.

2022 May 4, “Across China: Young Chinese a new force in rural revitalization”, in huaxia, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2022-05-04:


Danzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 儋州 (Dānzhōu).

A tornado has swept through Hainan island in southern China, killing eight people and injuring two others.
The official Xinhua News Agency said the tornado struck Nada town in Danzhou city early Thursday morning.

2019 August 29, “Tornado kills 8 on China’s Hainan island”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-06-10:

Ocean Flower Island, an Evergrande project off the coast of Danzhou in China's Hainan province.[…]
Trading of China Evergrande Group shares was suspended Monday following reports from local media that the Danzhou government had ordered the removal within 10 days of 39 apartment blocks on an artificial island in the seaside city after ruling that previous approvals were not valid.

2022 January 4, Christian Shepherd, Alicia Chen, “China Evergrande’s $300 billion cash crunch is deepened by demolition order”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-01-04, Asia:

A prefecture-level city in Hainan, China.


Longzhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization for Mandarin 龍州／龙州 (Lóngzhōu).

Building up strength, the Japanese went on the offensive again on 12 March 1940. This time they attacked west toward Lungchou near the French Indochina border to threaten a flank attack on Chinese positions. Lungchou fell to Japanese troops on 2 July 1940, but a Chinese counterattack drove the Japanese back. Lungchou was in Chinese hands again on 28 October, and Nanning, on the 29th.

[1982, Roy M. Stanley II, “The Land War in China”, in Prelude to Pearl Harbor, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 124, column 1:


Yongchun

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 永春 (Yǒngchūn).

Born in Yongchun county in the southern coastal province of Fujian, Xu spent years in the NDRC’s powerful pricing department.

2014 September 15, Michael Martina, Matthew Miller, Beijing newsroom, “'Mr. Confession' and his boss drive China's antitrust crusade”, in Ian Geoghegan, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-04-23, Top News:

The deity in the center is Master Qingshui. He was born in Yongchun County, Fujian in 1037. Master Qingshui left home at an early age to become a monk, and quickly became renowned for his intelligence and mastery of the sutras.

(Can we date this quote?), “Longshan temple [四鯤鯓龍山寺]”, in Office of English as the Second Official Language, Tainan City Government, archived from the original on 2022-08-03:


Xishuangbanna

/ˌʃiːʃwɑŋbɑnˈnɑː/

Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 西雙版納／西双版纳 (Xīshuāngbǎnnà), from Lü ᧑᧒ᦗᧃᦓᦱ (12pannaa) or ᦉᦲᧇᦉᦸᧂᦗᧃᦓᦱ (ṡiibṡoangpannaa) meaning twelve townships of rice-fields.

After a drive of nearly ten hours, through small villages of thatched houses built on stilts, we stop on the last hairpin bend halfway down the mountain. Below, brilliant green and glistening wet, lies Xishuangbanna, in China’s southernmost valley.

1980 [1978], Jan Bredsdorff, translated by Alice Roughton, Revolution tur/retur [To China and Back], New York: Pantheon Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, pages 164–165:

In Jinghong, the capital of Xishuangbanna Prefecture (pronounced she-shwang-ban-na), a cavalcade of bronze and stone elephant statues — some ferocious looking, others positively giddy — have been mounted on traffic islands and in front of new Thai-style shopping malls.

2014 April 25, Andrew Jacobs, “In Land That Values Ivory, Wild Elephants Find a Safe Haven”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-04-26, Asia Pacific:

A herd then consisting of 16 elephants left their home in Xishuangbanna 300 km further south in March last year and eventually settled in a protected habitat in Puer.

2021 August 9, David Stanway, “China's wild elephants head to safety after long trek”, in Tom Hogue, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-08-10:

autonomous prefecture
autonomous prefecture

An autonomous prefecture of Yunnan, China.

𑜉𑜢𑜤𑜂𑜫 𑜍𑜣 𑜉𑜢𑜤𑜂𑜫 𑜍𑜪

müṅ rī müṅ raṃ


Shunde

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 順德／顺德 (Shùndé).

Sifu was born in 1899 in the village of Lungsan in Shunte county of Kwangtung. She had an older brother and a younger brother.

[1984, Andrea Sankar, “Spinster Sisterhoods: Jing Yih Sifu: Spinster-Domestic-Nun”, in Mary Sheridan, Janet W. Salaff, editors, Lives: Chinese Working Women, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 53:

Because it is less reliant on Hong Kong capital, Shunde's industrial product mix differs significantly from that of Dongguan. It is less involved with textiles, toys, and plastics destined for re-export through Hong Kong. Shunde is known throughout China for its high quality domestic appliances, such as fans, refrigerators, rice cookers, sterilizers, washing machines, and air conditioners. China's domestic market is in fact more significant than the world market in Shunde's industrial development.

1998, Graham E. Johnson, Yuen-fong Woon, “Social Values and Development Patterns in South China: The Case of the Pearl River Delta Region in the 1900s”, in Harold Coward, editor, Traditional and Modern Approaches to the Environment on the Pacific Rim: Tensions and Values, State University of New York Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 224:

Chow Tai Fook has a gold crafting plant in Shunde, a city in Guangdong Province, with six artists producing designs rendered by 3,000 craftsmen working with simple tools such as torches, small chisels and picks.

2015 November 22, Desiree Au, “The Glow of 24-Karat Gold Jewelry”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-11-22, FASHION & STYLE:


Jingmen

/ˈd͡ʒɪŋ.mɛn/

Borrowed from Mandarin 荆門 (Jīngmén) via Hanyu Pinyin.

The surprise addition to the product portfolio of GEM, which has a factory in Jingmen in central Hubei, comes amid tight disinfectant supply after the virus outbreak that has killed more than 1,600 people in China, the company said in a Shenzhen Stock Exchange filing.

2020 February 16, “China battery recycler GEM to make disinfectants in virus epicentre”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-03-07, TECHNOLOGY NEWS:

A prefecture-level city in Hubei, China.


Mengzi

Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese for 蒙自 (Méngzì).

People read at a library on World Book Day in Mengzi, Hani-Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Honghe in southwest China's Yunnan Province, April 23, 2022.

2022 April 23, “World Book Day marked across China”, in huaxia, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2022-04-23:

A county-level city in Honghe, in southeastern Yunnan, China.


Longyan

In view of the successful results of the program for the establishment of owner-farmers that had been previously achieved at Lungyen, one of the seven hsien under the 7th Prefecture in Western Fukien Province, the 7th Prefectural Office wanted to implement a similar program in the other six hsien and submitted to JCRR, in January, 1949, a project for land reform and rural reconstruction.

[1954 October, Hui-sun Tang, “The Land Problem and Land Reform in Taiwan”, in Land Reform in Free China, Taipei: China Engraving & Printing Works, →OCLC, page 19:

Xinhua, the official news agency, said that nearly half the children who were tested last week in Longyan City in Fujian Province showed abnormally high levels of lead, which can cause developmental problems in children as well as a host of other ailments, including anemia, stomach pain and brain damage.

2009 September 27, Andrew Jacobs, “Chinese Tests Reveal Lead in Children Near a Plant”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-04-29, Asia Pacific:

A prefecture-level city in southwestern Fujian, China.


Kailash

Is that some kind of writing?
Yeah, it's Sanskrit. It's part of the legend of Sankara. He climbs Mount Kailash where he meets Shiva, the Hindu god.

1984, 34:10 from the start, in Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom^(https://archive.org/details/movie-hollywood-720p-sub-indonesia_202209/Indiana+Jones+And+The+Temple+Of+Doom+(1984)+BR/Indiana+Jones+And+The+Temple+Of+Doom.mp4) (Action-Adventure), →OCLC:

Her head is reborn as Shiva on Mount Kailash, and her trunk as Gaura Devi in Rishasau.

1991, William S. Sax, Mountain Goddess: Gender and Politics in a Himalayan Pilgrimage, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 28:

We had our reward for our high camp and early start, for the sky was still clear, the view magnificent, with fresh vistas to the north of mountains in Tibet, of Gurla Mandhata, massive, majestic to the northeast, and further to the north, a distant pyramid, Kailash, most holy of all mountains in both Hindu and Buddhist mythology.

1999, Harish Kapadia, “Ascents in the Panch Chuli Group”, in Across Peaks & Passes in Kumaun Himalaya, New Delhi: Indus Publishing Company, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 136:

We first went to the Kailash area during my year of dissertation research in India, spending six idyllic months in the Himalayas in the exquisite hill town of Almora on the ancient route of pilgrimage to the mountain.

1999, Robert Thurman, Tad Wise, Circling the Sacred Mountain: a Spiritual Adventure through the Himalayas, Bantam Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 4:

Tibet Autonomous Region
Tibet Autonomous Region

A mountain of the Transhimalaya in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China, considered to be sacred in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Bön.


Transhimalaya

Ever upward! We ascended a new mighty chain of mountains. At Camp Number 115 we were 16,840 feet above sea level. This mountain system traverses Tibet from the west to the east and is parallel with Himalaya. I have named it Transhimalaya and it was my aim to ride across this chain at several points and to draw its main outlines on my maps.[...]A heavy march over screes and gravel led us up on the pass, Ta-la at a height of 17,830 feet. A magnificent, over- powering panorama unfolded to the southeast. Beyond the nearest branches of Transhimalaya an enormous abyss opened in the earth. It was the valley of the Tsangpo, upper Brahmaputra.

1934, Sven Hedin, A Conquest of Tibet, New York: National Travel Club, →OCLC, pages 239–240:

To the N we find the wide, complicated «basin» of Tethyan sediments, between the northern Bhutan antiform of the crystalline thrust sheet and the con- spicuous Suture Zone along the Tsangpo river. The latter is bordered to the N by the granitoids of the Transhimalaya (Kangdese belt of the Chinese authors).

1983, Augusto Gansser, Geology of the Bhutan Himalaya, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 165:

This valley follows the famous Indus-Yarlung suture zone, with the granite of the Transhimalayas visible to the north.

[1987, Blanche Christine Olschak, Himalayas: Growing Mountains, Living Myths, Migrating Peoples, Facts on File, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 81:

Subduction of Tethyan oceanic crust along the southern margin of Tibet formed an Andean-style arc represented by the Transhimalaya batholith that extends west into the Kohistan island arc sequence, in a manner similar to the Alaskan range—Aleutians of western North America.

2010, Timothy Kusky, Encyclopedia of Earth and Space Science, volume I, Facts on File, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 55:

Across the Transhimalaya, wherever villagers discard carcasses and military camps dispose of their excess food, dog numbers are on the increase. The animals harass other species, from snow leopards to foxes. Ironically, they inherited their ability to survive in these oxygen-poor elevations from their wild cousins with whom their ancient ancestors interbred.

2021 May 29, Janaki Lenin, “Tales from the Transhimalaya”, in The Hindu, archived from the original on 2021-05-29:

A mountain range on the southern edge of the Tibetan Plateau, parallel to the main Himalayan range.


Fuqing

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 福清 (Fúqīng).

The 1.1 billion yuan ($152 million) sea bridge will connect Pingtan Island, located in the Taiwan Strait, to Fuqing, a city on the main landmass of eastern Fujian Province,[…]

2007 October 13, “China to build sea bridge to 5th-largest island”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-06-15, World News:

Yang Fengqin, an 87-year-old grandmother from the coastal city of Fuqing, in Fujian Province, has lived with one of her sons for 50 years and still heads to the market each day to buy ingredients for meals she cooks for him and a grandson.

2012 October 1, Alex Frew McMillan, Eveline Danubrata, “Old Age in China Is a Fledgling Business Opportunity”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2012-10-02, Global Business:

The reactor, located in the city of Fuqing city in China’s southeastern Fujian province, was designed to have a 60-year lifespan, with its core equipment domestically produced.

2021 January 30, “China’s first Hualong One nuclear reactor begins operations”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2021-01-30:

A county-level city in Fuzhou, Fujian, China.


Putian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 莆田 (Pútián).

Since we mainly rely on shipping grain into southern Fujian by sea, we could construct modern docks and warehouses for grain at the ports of Xiamen, Jinzhou, Xiaocuo, and Putian Xiuyu, and organize a special shipping brigade to transport grain in, and to ship out cane sugar, fruits, aquatic products, and special local products.

1987 February 3 [1986 July 5], Zhiqin Wang, Wang Yang, “SOLVING FUJIAN'S GRAIN PROBLEM: "The Crux of the Grain Problem in Fujian and How To Deal With It"”, in China Report Economic Affairs, volume JPRS-CEA-87-007, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →OCLC, page 87:

Located at the southern end of the exercise area, Wuqiu Dao consists of two islets - Daqiucun [Dachiu-tsun^([sic – meaning Tachiu-tsun])] and Xiaoqiucun [Hsiaochiu-tsun] with each covering approximately one square km. Formerly a township under Fujian's Putian County, its main dialect is similar to the one spoken in the Putian and Xianyou area. It was placed under the administration of Jinmen County after the Kuomintang Government retreated from the mainland.

1996 March 21 [1996 March 18], Jixiong (0149 2623 7160) He, “There Is a Feeling of Insecurity on Jinmen, Mazu, and Other Islands”, in Daily Report: China, numbers 96-056, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 75, column 2:

Located at Xiuyu, Putian, to the north of Meizhou Bay, the designed capacity for Phase 1 is 2.6Mt pa, with two LNG tanks each with a capacity of 145 000m².

2007, The Journal of Offshore Technology, volume 15, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2:

The Wuchiu (Wuqiu) Islands are nominally administered in the PRC by the Xiuyu District of the Putian prefecture, but are in reality controlled by the Republic of China, which administers Wuchiu (Wuqiu) as part of Quemoy (Jinmen) County.

2013, Rongxing Guo, Regional China: A Business and Economic Handbook, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 44:

Putien started in 1987, when Mr Fong ventured out of his hometown of Putian, a small agricultural coastal village in China, and arrived in Singapore. He established Putien in October 2000 as a small coffee shop on Kitchener Road, operating with seven staff. For the first few years, Putien sustained losses. But Mr Fong clung to his goal of providing authentic Fujian cuisine.

2017 May 3, “Feeding the passion”, in Business Times, archived from the original on 2017-07-01:

The magazine Bitter Winter reports the government's religious affairs department of Putian spent around $75,000 last month to turn the first floor of the Three-Self Church located in the Xiuyu district's Daitou town into a publicity center to promote the Communist Party and its leaders.

2020 November 23, “Chinese Government Tells Churches to Worship the Communist Party or be Closed”, in Christian Broadcasting Network, archived from the original on 2020-11-23:


Ningde

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 寧德／宁德 (Níngdé).

These 40,000 are a very interesting people who say they once lived in Kwangtung, but who came up to Chekiang through the high hill tops of Fukien where, in Ningteh county in north-eastern Fukien, 134,000 of them now form the largest group in any one place.

[1976, Rewi Alley, “A Visit to Pottery Sites and She People”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XV, number 4, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 23, column 1:

The Ningde, Fujian-based company is ramping up production and its sourcing of minerals to meet growing demand for EVs. Consulting firm Wood Mackenzie has said CATL is on track to more than triple its cell manufacturing capacity by 2025.

2022 May 6, Christoph Steitz, Ben Klayman, “EXCLUSIVE CATL planning EV battery production in United States, vetting sites-sources”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-03-21, Technology:


Houma

zh-l

侯馬／侯马 (Hóumǎ)

Having gone to Chiang Chou from Chü-wo by the northern route through Hou-ma, we returned over a bypath through mountains in the south which has been gradually elevated from the Fêng River valley by loess deposit.

[1927, Chi Li, “Archaeological Survey of the Fêng River Valley, Southern Shansi, China”, in Explorations and Field-work of the Smithsonian Institution in 1926 (Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections), volume 78, number 7, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution, →OCLC, page 129:

“Team No. 14 arrived at Linfen on the 2nd of February. The fighting in that area was in the vicinity of Houma, but the situation is now stabilized and there lias been no fighting since the arrival of the team.

1946 February 28, “Briefing of Committee of Three and Commissioners, Thursday, February 28, 1946, 4 p.m.”, in Foreign Relations of the United States, volume IX, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, published 1972, →OCLC, page 457:

Between 1969 and 1970 continued excavation of sacrificial pits at the site of the State of Tsin¹⁰ at Houma, Shansi Province, yielded the bones of sacrificial oxen, horses and sheep, jade blades and slips, and other relics from the 5th century B.C.

1972, Hsia Nai, “Archaeological Work During the Cultural Revolution”, in 中国新出土文物 [New Archaeological Finds in China], Peking: Foreign Languages Press, published 1973, →OCLC, page 2:

In addition, nine tombs of the Duan family cemetery with extravagant interior wall reliefs, known as the Macun Tombs, were found in the village of Macun in Jishan County, forty-five miles west of Houma.

2016, Jeehee Hong, “Theater of the Dead”, in Theater of the Dead: A Social Turn in Chinese Funerary Art, 1000-1400, Honolulu: University of Hawaiʻi Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 75:

A key tenet of Haier’s adaptive strategy is its COSMOPlat industrial IoT platform. This platform supported the establishment of the first autonomous mask production line in Houma, Shanxi with the creation of medical material information sharing platform in 2 days. Its global supply chain provided medical materials for over 400 firms for production of masks, protective clothing, and goggles.

2020 June 15, Guannan Lu, Danny Mu, “Haier’s Adaptive Strategy Wins In The Face Of COVID-19 Challenges”, in Forrester Research, archived from the original on 2022-05-25:

A county-level city in Linfen, Shanxi, China.


Jinchang

/d͡ʒɪnˈt͡ʃæŋ/

/d͡ʒinˈt͡ʃɑŋ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 金昌 (Jīnchāng).

When we reach Jinchang, another forlorn desert town, I change buses for another two-hour ride to the town of Yongchang, a few miles from a village where I’ve heard that locals make some extraordinary claims about their ancestry.

2007, Rob Gifford, China Road: One Man's Journey into the Heart of Modern China, Bloomsbury, published 2008, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 195:

It happened at 5:18 a.m. as the train negotiated a curve in the city of Jinchang in Gansu province about 1,200 kilometers (750 miles) west of Beijing.

2021 June 4, “Train strikes, kills 9 workers on track in northwest China”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2021-06-04:

In Jinchuan District and Lanzhou New District, both in Jinchang, the supermarkets provide "shared products" to residents, where residents can borrow ladders or other tools as needed.

2023 February 4 [2023 January], “Building a Beautiful Home”, in All-China Women's Federation, archived from the original on 2023-03-08, Women in Action:

A prefecture-level city in Gansu, in northwestern China.

金昌

a prefecture-level city in north-western China


Yongchang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 永昌 (Yǒngchāng).

Ma Jinchang had her sent to his home in Yongchang County about 50 kilometres west of Wuwei where his chief wife, some domestic staff and about twenty guards maintained a residence which he visited periodically.

1999, Lily Xiao Hong Lee, Sue Wiles, Women of the Long March, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 138:

A county of Jinchang, Gansu, in northwestern China.


Jinchuan

/d͡ʒɪnˈt͡ʃwɑn/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 金川 (Jīnchuān).

A district of Jinchang, Gansu, in northwestern China.

Chinchuan County CCP Committee in APA Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture has taken the class struggle as the key link, persisted in the Party's basic line and led the people throughout the county to seriously learn the basic experiences of Tachai and[…]

[1976 [1976 March 3], Summary of World Broadcasts: Far East - Part 3, British Broadcasting Company, sourced from Chengtu, Szechwan provincial service, →ISSN, →OCLC, Abstract of report:

The police in Jinchuan County, where she lived, are investigating Ms. Lhamo’s ex-husband on suspicion that he doused her with gasoline and set her on fire.[…]
Wan Miaoyan, a women’s rights lawyer in Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, said she hoped the backlash from Ms. Lhamo’s case would result in better enforcement of the law.[…]
An employee at the Jinchuan County Women’s Federation confirmed that Ms. Lhamo had visited the office and said there was an investigation underway.

2020 November 15, Elsie Chen, “Her Abuse Was a ‘Family Matter,’ Until It Went Live”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-11-15:

A county of Ngawa prefecture, Sichuan, China.


Caidian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 蔡甸 (Càidiàn).

蔡甸

district, subdistrict and village in central China

Deng was an individual printer in Caidian District in Wuhan City, Hubei. In February 1994, Deng printed 800 false Hubei special value-added tax invoices in 16 books and sold them.

1994 November 17 [1994 October 28], “Various Provinces Execute Six for Value-Added Tax Invoice Offenses”, in Daily Report: China, number 222, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Beijing FAZHI RIBAO p 1, translation of original in Chinese, →ISSN, →OCLC, National Affairs, page 22, column 2:

A comparison of the three maps in Figure 1 shows that the ecological security of Wuhan from 1996 to 2006 deteriorated. However, the trend strengthened from 2006 to 2010. Jiangxia District underwent the most significant changes, transitioning from high-risk to medium-, low- and relatively low-risk. Caidian District is in second place.

2016, Liandong Zhu, Ahmed Ouadha, editors, Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Sustainable Development, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 335:

The Huoshenshan Hospital is located in the Caidian district of Wuhan. The facility is 1,000 bedded and has 30 intensive care units (ICUs) with two floors and occupies 269,000 sqft.

2020, Parvez Ahmad, Airborne Infection Control Guide to Planning & Designing of Hospitals, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 121:

Eight people were reported dead in Wuhan, in Hubei province, with 280 injured after Friday's tornado ripped through the district of Caidian at 8:39 p.m., the agency said.

2021 May 14, “Tornadoes hit two Chinese provinces, killing 12, injuring hundreds”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-05-15, Environment:

A district of Wuhan, Hubei, in central China.

A subdistrict of Caidian district, Wuhan, Hubei, in central China.

A village in Caidian, Caidian district, Wuhan, Hubei, in central China.


Guanshan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 關山／关山 (Guānshān).

In the July 6 flood, most sub-districts are dominated by diverted commuters and the unaffected population. The share of disconnected commuters is relatively small, and only several sub-districts in the southeast and northwest hold a bit large proportion. The sub-districts in which more than half of populations are affected are located primarily on the edge of the study area (especially in the south and west). Luonan and Guanshan are the most seriously affected sub-districts, as they have the largest percentages and numbers of diverted and disconnected commuters.

2021 March, Xiaoyan Liu, Saini Yang, Tao Ye, Rui An, Cuizhen Chen, “A new approach to estimating flood-affected populations by combining mobility patterns with multi-source data: A case study of Wuhan, China”, in International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, volume 55, →DOI, archived from the original on 2023-10-22:

A subdistrict of Hongshan district, Wuhan, Hubei, in central China.

關山

subdistrict in central China; urban township in eastern Taiwan


Hongshan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 洪山 (Hóngshān).

洪山

a district in central China; a subdistrict in central China; a town in central China

German-based Metro Cash & Carry, one of the most successful foreign retail groups in China, has one of its 15 mainland stores in the Hongshan district of Wuhan and has plans for another outlet in the city.

2002, The China Business Handbook 2002, Hong Kong: Alain Charles Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 195:

In addition to interviews at the provincial level, I conducted interviews with municipal officials in Wuhan, district officials in Hongshan District, and township and village leaders in one township within the district.

2006, Tyrene White, China's Longest Campaign: Birth Planning in the People's Republic, 1949-2005, Cornell University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 17:

For instance, in the Hongshan district, Zhuodaoquan North Road (卓刀泉北路) is designated as “The Most Beautiful Flowery Street.”

2020, Rebecca Clothey, Richardson Dilworth, China's Urban Future and the Quest for Stability, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 89:

People line up at a hospital designated to test the discharged COVID patients and people from the isolation facilities in Hongshan district in Wuhan in central China's Hubei province Saturday, March 14, 2020. The province reported no new infections on Thursday after being the epicenter of China's outbreak.

2020 March 19, Rachel Chang, Claire Che, Bloomberge, “China’s coronavirus epicenter reaches milestone of zero new cases”, in Fortune:

Urban residents were surveyed in two central districts including the Hongshan District and Hangjiang^([sic – meaning Jianghan]) District in Wuhan City as well as the Zhangwan District in Shiyan City.

2020, Wann-Ming Wey, editor, Sustainable Built Environment and Urban Growth Management, MDPI, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 171:

Officials are also tracking unspecified products of the same batch as the softshell turtles that have been shipped elsewhere, said the disease control authority in Wuhan's Hongshan district.

2022 July 14, Roxanne Liu, Ryan Woo, “In China's Wuhan, cholera-causing bacteria in turtles strikes nerve”, in Christopher Cushing, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-07-15, China:

A town in Sui, Suizhou, Hubei, in central China.


Hongshan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 紅山／红山 (Hóngshān).

A district of Chifeng, Inner Mongolia, in northern China.

紅山

culture, district, town, residential community

A town in Yingshan, Huanggang, Hubei, in central China.

A residential community of Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China.


Hongshan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 洪善 (Hóngshàn).

A village in Wanquan, Honghu, Jingzhou, Hubei, in central China.


Xiaogan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 孝感 (Xiàogǎn).

When the planes do not come I am always consumed with curiosity as to where they do go. The urgent alarm means that they are within thirty miles of Hankow. I heard a rumour that they went to Siaokan north of Hankow on the railway. There is an air field there too.

[1938 March 20, Agnes Moncrieff, “Hankow and the Godown, January-March 1938”, in Barbara Francis, editor, You Do Not travel in China at the Full Moon: Agnes Moncrieff's Letters from China, 1930-1945, Victoria University Press, published 2017, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 114:

In early September, teachers at a high school in the city of Xiaogan, in Hubei Province, went on strike over what they called the government’s refusal to give them the proper status in the public employment system. The status helps determine details of their pension plans.

2014 December 1, Edward Wong, “Teachers’ Strikes Spread Across Northeast China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2014-12-01, Asia Pacific:

A prefecture-level city in Hubei, in central China.


Yingcheng

At Hsiaochien and Lishan, too, the Japanese suffered defeats; at Chunghsiang they were attacked. Their attack on Yingcheng, northern part of the province, ended in a retreat, and they announced that they would evacuate Macheng, east of Yingcheng.

1940 April, Lin Yu, “The "China Incident"”, in Philippine Magazine, volume XXXVII, number 4 (384), →OCLC, page 144:

Yang Xiaoyun, an industrious young peasant in Hubei Province, turned a sizable profit last summer by selling more than five tons of grain to the state.[…]
Two years ago, the new policies were adopted at the Yanghe commune in Yingcheng County, where Mr. Yang was a production team leader.[…]
The newspaper said that at least 110 bicycles were to be sent from Shanghai to Yingcheng County every year but in fact most if not all were sold before ever reaching the county.
In response, local authorities in Yingcheng County have promised that any peasant who exceeds a quota for produce - for example, twoand-a-half tons of grain or four pigs - will be entitled to buy a rationed item, such as a Shanghai bicycle or a sewing machine or building lumber and tiles.

1981 October 25, Christopher S. Wren, “CHINESE FARMER FINDS HIS PROFIT IS A PROBLEM”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-24, WORLD:

A county-level city in Xiaogan, Hubei, in central China, formerly a county.


Yingcheng

A town in Jingzhou district, Jingzhou, Hubei, in central China.


Meizhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 梅州 (Méizhōu).

The railway will connect Ruijin city of Jiangxi province and Meizhou city of Guangdong province,[…]

2021 November 23, Beijing newsroom, “China approves railway project worth $2.55 billion for southern provinces - media”, in Jacqueline Wong, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-09, Business News:

A prefecture-level city in eastern Guangdong, China.


Yangjiang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 陽江／阳江 (Yángjiāng).

The ship was discovered by an Anglo-Chinese team in 1987 off the coast of Yangjiang city near Guangzhou, buried in silt beneath 100ft of water, but it has taken 20 years to be salvaged.

2007 December 23, Tom Pattinson, “Salvaged junk opens up secrets of ‘marine silk road’”, in The Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-12-25:

A prefecture-level city in southwestern Guangdong, China.


Suizhou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 隨州／随州 (Suízhōu).

The tomb contained percussion, string and wind instruments in a remarkable state of preservation, including the largest assemblage of Bronze Age bells ever recovered. Discovered in 1977, near the city of Suizhou in Hubei Province in central China, the tomb, from the fifth century B.C., has long been considered "one of the most significant archeological discoveries of the 20th century," said Peter A. Young, editor in chief of the magazine.

1994 January 18, Glen Collins, “Bells of Bronze Age Show the Complexity Of Old China's Music”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-05-26, Arts:

All power in Suizhou, a small city of 2.5 million people in the north of central Hubei province, was down due to heavy snow, state broadcaster China Central Television reported.
Temperatures in Suizhou are expected to plunge as low as minus 5 degrees Celsius (23 degrees Fahrenheit) on Friday.

2018 January 4, David Stanway, Michael Martina, Judy Hua, Ryan Woo, Brenda Goh, Zhang Min, “China warns of second wave of snow after blizzard alert lifted”, in Nick Macfie, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2018-01-05, #ENVIRONMENT:

A prefecture-level city in Hubei, China.


Huanggang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 黃岡／黄冈 (Huánggāng).

In Huangkang, Hupeh, the one non-Communist association, far from being easily absorbed, declared itself to be the holy peasant association and had to be suppressed violently.

[1977, Roy, Jr. Hofheinz, The Broken Wave: The Chinese Communist Peasant Movement, 1922-1928, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England: Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 47:

In Huangkang Prefecture, 122 leading cadres at and above the level of Standing Committee member of county CCP committees have gone down to the basic levels. The total number of cadres, staff and workers who are participating in fighting drought and crash reaping and sowing has reached 23,700.

[1978 August 3 [1978 July 28], “Hupeh Fights Drought”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 150, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Wuhan Hupeh Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →OCLC, page H 6:

The Yangtze divides Jiujiang in Jiangxi province and Huanggang in neighbouring Hubei, one of the cities hardest hit by the coronavirus outbreak and now sealed off from the rest of China to try to contain it.

2020 January 31, Martin Pollard, Thomas Peter, David Stanway, “Travellers beat China virus lockdown via bridge over the Yangtze”, in Stephen Coates, Mike Collett-White, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2020-02-02, WORLD NEWS:

These enormous gaps in the research aren’t due just to a lack of testing but also to a lack of transparency. Internal data obtained by the AP shows that by Feb. 6, the Hubei CDC had tested over 100 samples in Huanggang, a city southeast of Wuhan. But the results have not been made public.

2020 December 30, Dake Kang Kang, Sam McNeil, Maria Cheng, “China clamps down in hidden hunt for coronavirus origins”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2020-12-30:


Long County

Partial calque of Mandarin 隴縣／陇县 (Lǒng Xiàn).

partial calque

Lungchou had its district government at the present-day Lung-hsien in Shensi Province. The Lungchou barrier here indicated must be somewhere north of Ch’ing-shui in the present Kansu Province.

[1956, Tieh-tseng Li, “Notes”, in The Historical Status of Tibet, New York: King's Crown Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 225:

“Long” is an ancient name for the area around what is now Long County in Shaanxi Province. The land south of Long is the Sichuan Basin.

1997, Stephen R. Bokenkamp, Early Daoist Scriptures, University of California Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 346:

Each animal is cast with a hollow, open body that fits over the yoke of a cart (cat. nos. 31, 3c, 37), as do similarly designed animal figures excavated from a Qin tomb at Bianjiazhuang, Long county, southwestern Shaanxi Province.

2002, Emma C. Bunker, Nomadic Art of the Eastern Eurasian Steppes: The Eugene V. Thaw and Other Notable New York Collections, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 24:

The shift of Ze from Long County down to central Baoji in the south presents an example of a polity's relocation from the periphery to the center of this frontier.

2021, Yan Sun, Many Worlds Under One Heaven: Material Culture, Identity, and Power in the Northern Frontiers of the Western Zhou, 1045–771 BCE, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page https://books.google.com/books?id=orpFEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT172:


Gaocheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 高城 (Gāochéng).


Gaocheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 藁城 (Gǎochéng).

It has been shown that remains of Erh-li-kang type occur throughout the region that was to become the Shang capital in the dynasty's final centuries, in Tz'u Hsien, Han-tan, and Hsing-t'ai. Further north, an important Shang site was found near T'ai-hsi-ts'un 台西村, west of Kao-ch'eng, near Shih-chia-chuang, and excavated in 1965,³ 1972,⁴ and 1973.⁵

[1980, Kwang-chih Chang, Shang Civilization, Yale University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 290:

More than 20,000 citizens from 12 villages in the Gaocheng District of the Chinese city of Shijiangzhuang have been relocated to quarantine sites as a preventative measure against Covid-19, according to Chinese state media.

2021 January 14, “More than 20,000 Chinese villagers are moved to quarantine sites as a preventative measure”, in CNN, archived from the original on 2021-01-14:

A farmer plants seeds in a corn field at a farm in Gaocheng, Hebei province, China, September 30, 2015.

2021 August 27, David Stanway, “China's total arable land shrinks nearly 6% from 2009-2019 - survey”, in Krishna Chandra Eluri, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-08-27, China:

A district of Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.


Zengdu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 曾都 (Zēngdū).

Some of them were buried alive with their deceased masters, as reflected in the Duke Zengyi’s tomb dating back to the Warring States period and excavated at the Zengdu district, Suizhou in Hubei province.

2008, “The Budding of Acrobatics: Acrobatics in the Pre-Qin Dynasty”, in History of Acrobatics [杂技史话] (History of Chinese Civilization), Beijing: Encyclopedia of China Publishing House, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 86–87:

When two evictees, Zhang Hua (张华) and Li Mingju (李明菊) filed a lawsuit at Zengdu District Court, Suizhou City, on July 1, 2008, alleging that Suizhou City Bureau of Housing Management violated the relevant regulations in granting a demolition permit and that the compensation package offered violated the law, the Court told them that they had no authority to accept the case because the Bureau is at a higher level of government.

2009, China Human Rights Yearbook, →OCLC, page 219:

The church where Liao served in Zengdu District would pay a visit to Hedian Town and prepare some materials to be delivered to the disaster area, the pastor added. The church is also in contact with other meeting points in Liulin Town, waiting to provide help according to new information.

2021 August 16, Zhongyi Wu, “Christians Affected in Flood-Hit Suizhou City, Hubei”, in China Christian Daily, archived from the original on 2022-07-02:

Suizhou Field Hope Vegetable Company leased 540 mu of land from Huangbu Village, Wandian Town of Zengdu District with a rent of 600 yuan per mu and invested 25 million yuan to build vegetable greenhouses and refrigerated storage houses.

2022, China's Reform and New Urbanization, Springer, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 204:


Guangshui

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 廣水／广水 (Guǎngshuǐ).

The area is one where the Reds have been strong for several years, and, allegedly reinforced by several thousand Reds, the revolting troops tore up some 30 li of railway track and occupied the whole area between Hsinyang and Wushengkuan, capturing Kuangshui.

[1968, O. Edmund Clubb, “Armed Revolt”, in Communism in China, as Reported from Hankow in 1932, Columbia University Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 28:

Besides habitat loss and alteration, poaching also gives cause for concern. Hunted males were observed for sale alongside Common Pheasant at a restaurant in Guangshui County, Hubei, in spring 2006.

2008 August, Yang Liu, Zheng-wang Zhang, Jian-qiang Li, Yu Zhang, Shan Lu, Xiang-feng Ruan, “A survey of the birds of the Dabie Shan range, central China”, in Forktail, volume 24, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 83, column 1:

A county-level city in Suizhou, Hubei, in central China.

廣水

a county-level city and a subdistrict in central China


Xishui

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 浠水 (Xīshuǐ).

Hoangcheu commands over nine Cities, as Hoangcheu, Lotien, Maching, Hoangpi, Hoanggan, Kixui, Ki, Hoangmui, Hoangci.

[1669 [1665], John Nievhoff, translated by John Ogilby, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China, London: John Macock, translation of original in Dutch, →OCLC, page 14:

A belated Chinese Communist report disclosed today that a local armed revolt against the Communist government broke out in Hsishui county in Hupei province on Feb. 21 and 22.

[1952 March 23 [1952 March 22], “Revolt by 280 Armed Men in Red China Acknowledged”, in St. Louis Post-Dispatch, volume 104, number 180, St. Louis, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 2A, column 6:

On the way back to Hsishui County centre, we admired the mass of spring blossom of tung trees, and others.

[1972, Rewi Alley, “Agriculture and Industry in Two Chinese Hinterland Counties”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XI, number 4, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 43:

China's agricultural ministry said on Thursday it had confirmed a new African swine fever outbreak near the city of Huangguang in the central province of Hubei.
The outbreak occurred on a farm of 636 pigs in Xishui county, it said, adding that 13 had already died and a further 24 were sick.

2018 November 15, Dominique Patton, “China confirms new African swine fever outbreak in Hubei province”, in Christian Schmollinger, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2024-09-08, World:

So he went to the hospital and got checked. Doctors determined it was a common cold, not the new coronavirus, he says, and he returned home. Then a week ago, he says, five officers showed up at his house in Xishui County, a two hour drive from Wuhan. They wore masks and wielded blue, gun-shaped thermometers.

2020 January 31, Dake Kang, “The shunned: People from virus-hit city tracked, quarantined”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-02-15:


Xishui

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 習水／习水 (Xíshuǐ).


Tongling

/ˈtɔŋ(ˈ)lɪŋ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 銅陵／铜陵 (Tónglíng).

The second item in the China Year Book's list is the Tungkuan Shan mines. All that is said about these is as follows : "Tungling district on the Yangtze, 55 miles above Wuhu, Anhui province.

[1922, Bertrand Russell, “Industrialism in China”, in The Problem of China, London: George Allen & Unwin, →OCLC, →OL, page 233:

A prefecture-level city in Anhui, China.


Zongyang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 樅陽／枞阳 (Zōngyáng).

The Yangwan cement plant with an annual capacity of 3.1 million tons will be built in Wuhu, a port city on the Chang Jiang river; the Wannan cement plant with a capacity of 2.54 million tons a year will be constructed in Chizhou city; the Zongyang cement plant to turn out 1.5 million tons a year will be built in Zongyang county; and the Wanxi cement plant to produce 300,000 tons annually will be constructed in Anqing, another port city on the Chang Jiang river.

1994 August 16 [1994 August 16], “Anhui To Build Cement Production Belt Along Chang Jiang”, in Daily Report: China, number 158, sourced from Beijing XINHUA, →ISSN, →OCLC, Regional Affairs: East Region, page 46, column 2:

Migrants from Zongyang were also mostly in commerce, with very distant destinations. Men from one of the townships in Zongyang tended to do interior house decoration in Beijing, and therefore almost all their wives and children had been in Beijing at least once.

2004, On the Move: Women and Rural-to-Urban Migration in Contemporary China, Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 221:

Tongcheng
As the crow flies, it was about one hundred and thirty miles from Nanjing to the town of Tongcheng. However, not being equipped with wings, Fang Yizhi and his servant had taken a river boat up to Zongyang, the nearest Yangtze port.

2019, 1636: The China Venture, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL:


Baoji

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 寶雞／宝鸡 (Bǎojī).

She had paid for a blood test herself because she was over 14 years old, the government cut-off for free tests, Xinhua said. Its reporters could not reach her family and neighbours said Ma had been sent to hospital in nearby Baoji city.

2009 August 17, “Protesters storm plant after children are poisoned”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2010-10-30, China:

We went to visit the sights, of which Paochi had a few. In fact, one of China’s oldest neolithic villages is inside the city: Peishouling, and it dates back 7,000 years.

[2016, Bill Porter, “Leaving Town”, in The Silk Road: Taking the Bus to Pakistan, Counterpoint, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 28:

A prefecture-level city in Shaanxi, China.


Fufeng

Ch'ishan, a second class district city, much resembles Wukung and Fufeng, and seems fairly prosperous for a city of Central Shensi.

1921, Eric Teichman, Travels of a Consular Officer in North-West China, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →OCLC, page 89:

Three pieces of paper which may date back to between 73 and 49 BC were recently found in Fufeng county, Shaanxi province.

1979 July, “2,000-year-old Paper”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVIII, number 7, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 51:

A vessel almost identical in every particular was excavated at Lü-chai Village, in Fu-feng County, Shensi, in 1975.

[1982, Robert L. Thorp, “A Primer on the Bronze Caster's Art”, in Spirit and Ritual: The Morse Collection of Ancient Chinese Art, New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 23, column 1:

He commanded a 3,000-man Shen-ts'e garrison in Fu-feng County, later transferring to Wu-kung County. Ming-chih spent ten years in the Wei valley defenses.

[1982, Terrence Douglas O'Byrne, “Notes to Chapter Five”, in Civil-Military Relations During the Middle T'ang: The Career of Kuo Tzu-I, Urbana, Ill., →OCLC, page 401:

Throughout Chinese history, Qishan county in Shaanxi province has been known as the ancestral homeland of the Zhou 周 people. In reality, the actual site of the Zhou homeland, known as the Zhouyuan 周原 (Plain of Zhou), includes only the eastern edge of Qishan county, where it meets Fufeng county (fig. 12-1).

2004, Edward L. Shaughnessy, “Western Zhou Hoard and Family Histories in the Zhouyuan”, in Xiaoneng Yang, editor, New Perspectives on China's Past: Chinese Archaeology in the Twentieth Century, volume 1, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 255:

A monk sits beside a security guard inside Famen Temple in Famen town, Fufeng County, 120 km (74 miles) west of Xi'an, Shaanxi province, March 13, 2011.

2011 March 13, Nicky Loh, “DOCUMENT DATE: March 13, 2011”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-06-02:

A county of Baoji, Shaanxi, western China.


Jiuquan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 酒泉 (Jiǔquán).

There is considerable evidence that China is pushing its nuclear program in this area. Much of what goes on here, particularly around a wind-swept old oasis town named Chiuchuan (Liquor Springs), is known only to a few select planners — and perhaps to the distant American and Chinese specialists who evaluate the contents of monitoring devices borne by American-built U-2s flown from Taiwan.

[1963, Loren Fessler, “An Immense and Crowded Land”, in China (Life World Library), New York: Time Incorporated, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 11, column 2:

After landing at Chiuchuan, we set out immediately up a macadamised highway to the oil municipality of Yumen situated up on the slopes of the Chilien Mountains in what was once known as Yumen County.

[1973, Rewi Alley, “Through the Kansu Panhandle and Down the Old Silk Road”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XII, number 6, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 20, column 2:

The program has also suffered the occasional setback. The northwestern satellite launch center of Jiuquan reported that an optical satellite launched midday Saturday failed to enter its preset orbit after abnormalities were observed during the flight of its carrier rocket.

2020 September 12, “China says Mars probe stable; no word on reusable spacecraft”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-05-19:

A prefecture-level city in Gansu, China.


Jingzhou

/ˌd͡ʒɪŋˈd͡ʒoʊ/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 荊州／荆州 (Jīngzhōu).

The Reaſon why the Tartars have built a Citadel here is, becauſe it is a Rule with them to be Maſters of a City whoſe Situation renders it of Importance. It is a common Saying, that when one is poſſeſs'd of Kin-chew, he has the Key of China in his Hands.

[1738, “PROVINCE VI. HU-QUANG.”, in A Description of the Empire of China and Chinese-Tartary, Together with the Kingdoms of Korea, and Tibet, volume I, London, translation of original by J. B. Du Halde, →OCLC, page 100:

He suspects it happened on his train journey home to celebrate the Lunar New Year in Jingzhou city, in central China's Hubei province.

2020 February 22, “Coronavirus survivor recounts fear, confusion”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2020-03-10:

Guokui, a Chinese flatbread, stars at this new Greenwich Village spot.[…]The restaurant’s owners, a group of Chinese entrepreneurs, wanted to introduce the version made in Jingzhou City, in Hubei Province, to a wider audience.

2020 August 11, Florence Fabricant, “A Filled Chinese Flatbread Comes to Manhattan”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-08-11, Off the Menu:

荊州

prefecture-level city, district and economic and technological development zone in central China

Jingzhou District is located in south-central Hubei Province. It has an area of 1,046 k㎡ and a population of 572,052 (yearend est.). The district is composed of three sub-districts, seven towns and a provincial economic development zone (Jingzhou Chengnan Economic Development Zone, Hubei Province).

2013 August 29, “Administrative Division”, in Jingzhou China, archived from the original on 2023-09-21:

An economic and technological development zone in Jingzhou, Hubei, China.


Jiang'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 江安 (Jiāng'ān).

The explosion erupted in an industrial park in Jiangan County, Sichuan Province, at about 6:30 p.m. on Thursday,[…]

[2018 July 13, Chris Buckley, “Chinese Chemical Plant Explosion Kills at Least 19”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-07-13, Asia Pacific:


Jiang'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 江岸 (Jiāng'àn).

The General Trade Union of the Peking-Hankow Railroad which organized the strike had its headquarters at the Chiangan Station in Hankow. On February 7, the reactionaries massacred the workers at the station. A memorial hall now stands on the spot. Visitors are invariably moved by the words which Lin Hsiang-chien, chairman of the Chiangan branch of the union and strike leader, spit in the face of his executioners, “You can chop my head off or bleed me to death, but the strike will not be called off!”

[1974 April, “Wuhan—A City of Revolutionary Tradition”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXIII, number 4, Peking, →OCLC, page 32, column 2:

On February 7th, Wu Peifu put a savage end to the strike. The most serious conflicts were concentrated in Zhengzhou, Jiang'an in Hubei and Changxindian in Beijing.

1983, Yu-Chien Kuan, Petra Häring-Kuan, Magnificent China: A Guide to Its Cultural Treasures [中國文化及名勝指南], 1st American edition, San Francisco: China Books & Periodicals, Inc, published 1987, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 300, column 1:

Several bang provided the labor for the Peking-Hankow Railroad. In the workshop in Jiang'an near Hankow, for instance, workers belonged either to the Hubei, Tianjin, or Guangdong bang.⁵⁹

1991, Hans J. Van de Ven, From Friend to Comrade: the Founding of the Chinese Communist Party, 1920-1927, University of California Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 112:

Hankou’s industries were concentrated either on the outskirts of Jiang’an District or in Qiaokou District.

1995, Shaoguang Wang, Failure of Charisma: the Cultural Revolution in Wuhan, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 24:

Wang Bei, once a contestant on the popular talent show Super Girl, died November 15 while under anesthesia, said a spokesman for the health bureau of Jiang’an District, Wuhan City.

2010 November 26, “Talent show star killed in plastic surgery mishap”, in Beijing Today, number 494, →OCLC, page 3, column 1:

A district of Wuhan, Hubei, China, part of Hankou


Yiyuan

Oxidised low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) was acquired from Yiyuan, Wuhan, China, and phorbol myristate acetate, ionomycin, and monensin were from Alexis Biochemicals, San Diego, CA, USA.

2019, Xiaobo Mao et al., “IL-37 Plays a Beneficial Role in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome”, in Mediators of Inflammation, number 9515346, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC:

The above-mentioned volunteers said that today there are Wuhan Sixth Hospital, Yangtze River Water Conservancy Many units such as Wuhan Donghu Hospital and Yiyuan Sub-district Office in Jiang'an District, Wuhan have come to receive targeted donation of anti-epidemic materials with the letter of introduction issued by the unit.

2020 January 31, Zhang Jiazhen, “Wuhan Red Cross dispels rumors that “all hospitals can receive materials with a letter of introduction“: the prevention and control headquarters coordinated and distributed on demand”, in DayDayNews, archived from the original on 2021-08-04:

A subdistrict of Jiang'an district, Wuhan, Hubei, China.


Yiyuan

For this reason, through consulting services they can make more of their roles, which is one good way to serve society. As for example where CAST sent a food products engineer to some areas in Yiyuan County, Shandong Province, to use the local products of those areas, such as yellow peaches, peanuts, wild jujube, and hawthorne fruit, to make strong efforts at developing production of candy, canned goods, and drinks, from which more than 100,000 yuan was generated in 1986.

1987 June 5 [1987 January 8], Kuang Yongcheng [0562 3057 2052] [匡永成], “We Should Better Support and Encourage Work in Consulting”, in Science & Technology, China, number JPRS-CST-87-023, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Beijing KEJI RIBAO p 4, translation of original in Chinese, →OCLC, page 92:

In central Shandong, Qizian Hill Cave (Yiyuan county) in the Tumen karst area yields fauna in infillings at several localities, and in the Xiaya Cave group, situated some 5-15 m above the valley floor, human remains are also known.

1994, F. Clark Howell, “A Chronostratigraphic and Taxonomic Framework of the Origins of Modern Humans”, in Matthew H. Nitecki, Doris V. Nitecki, editors, Origins of Anatomically Modern Humans, Plenum Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 268:

The picture’s geolocation information shows it is on a mountain top in Yiyuan county in Shandong, an eastern province that faces the Korean peninsula across the Yellow Sea.

2022 May 2, Kristin Huang, “Chinese radar ‘is watching missile threats from Korean peninsula and Japan’”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-05-02, Military:


Shashi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 沙市 (Shāshì).

The stream first emerges from the mountains at the Ichang gorge, 960 nautical miles from its mouth : and some fifty miles below this point the boulders and gravel of the upper river give place to banks of soft alluvium, the outline of which varies every season, notwithstanding the gigantic embankments with which it is sought to retain the stream in its channel. These begin a short distance above the great emporium of Shashih, situated in the midst of the Hupeh plain, eighty-three miles below Ichang.

[1905, Archibald Little, “The Middle Basin: Part I. The Yangtse River”, in The Far East, Oxford: Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 57:

State-run China Central Television said a flood crest hit Shashi in central Hubei province at 147 feet, just eight inches short of the level that would have required levees to be blasted and the flooding of the homes of as many as 330,000 people.

1998 August 14, Associated Press, “Flood Peril Recedes for Now in China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-11, Section A, page 4:

In January, pastors from Shashi Church in Jingzhou, Hubei, and leaders of gathering sites paid visits to nursing homes, families in need, and rural households in the suburbs.

2022 January 27, Ai Mo, “Churches in Hubei, Sichuan Conduct Visits Before Spring Festival”, in China Christian Daily, archived from the original on 2022-02-17:

Encyclopedia Britannica
Frederick A. Praeger
Shashi


Dingsidang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 丁司壋／丁司垱 (Dīngsīdàng).

On October 22, police from Dingsidang Township, Xishui County, took Mr. Ma into custody. He had been sent to a forced labor camp for one and a half years prior to this.

2003 January 8, “Falun Dafa Practitioners from Xishui County, Hubei Province Are Arrested and Sent to Prisons or Forced Labor Camps”, in Falun Dafa - Minghui.org, archived from the original on 2021-05-21:

Training for local medical workers for equipment operation at the Dingsidang County Hospital of Huanggang City, Hubei Province. Grundfos China donated a medical waste water treatment system to the hospital.

2020, “Community Engagement Grant”, in Grundfos China, archived from the original on 2020-06-15:

A town in Xishui, Huanggang, Hubei, China.


Lixin

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation of 利辛 (Lìxīn).

Ding Zuoming was an ordinary peasant of Luying Village within the jurisdiction of Jiwangchang Township in Lixin County, a notoriously poverty-stricken backwater in Anhui province on the flatlands north of the Huai River.

2006, Guidi Chen, Wu Chuntao, “The Martyr”, in Zhu Hong, transl., Will the Boat Sink the Water?: The Life of China's Peasants, PublicAffairs, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 3:

Police raided their home in Lixin county, Anhui province in May – confiscating 2.5 million yuan (US$365,000) of fake cash – and the men have been detained since then, Bozhou Evening News reported on Saturday.

2018 August 12, Liu Zhen, “Son and father accused of printing fake banknotes ‘to pay for daughter’s medical bills’”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2018-08-12:


Lixin

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation of 立新 (Lìxīn).

A township in Shashi district, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.


Gong'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 公安 (Gōng'ān).

Gong’an County has over 3,000 Christians who hope to build a church in the county town to hold 700 people.

1999, Tony Lambert, “A survey of church growth, province by province”, in China's Christian Millions, Monarch Books, published 2006, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 252:

Functionaries in Gongan county in rural Hubei province had been ordered to smoke at least 23,000 packs of cigarettes a year, worth nearly 4 million yuan ($586,700), to cushion government finances, according to regional media reports.

[2009 May 5, Beijing newsroom, “China cigarette order goes up in smoke”, in Ben Blanchard, Miral Fahmy, editors, Reuters, archived from the original on 2017-04-08, Lifestyle:

Often, the skewering gets results. In April, one county in Hubei Province in central China drew nationwide ridicule after officials ordered civil servants and employees of state-owned companies to buy a total of 23,000 packs of the province’s brand of cigarettes every year.[…]
County officials said the increased revenue from the cigarette tax would buoy the local economy. After several weeks of embarrassment, Gongan County officials posted a short message on the government’s Web site that read: “We have decided to remove this edict.”

[2009 October 25, Sharon LaFraniere, “Salute All Cars, Kids. It’s a Rule in China.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2011-10-05, Asia Pacific:


Banzhudang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 斑竹壋／斑竹垱 (Bānzhúdàng).

ERS-2 multi-temporal image showing extensive flooding along the Yangtze River in China
[Map with the cities around its edge, in clockwise order from the top left]
Banzhudang, Nanping, Douhudi, Jianli, Zhuhe, Yueyang, Xinqiang, Miluo, Chang [Changde, ending obscured by overlay], Linli, Lixian

1998 November, “Flood Monitoring in China”, in ESA Bulletin, number 96, European Space Agency, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 114:

14. [Gong'an County, Hubei Province] Arrest of Dafa Practitioners
Dafa practitioner Ms. Wang Shaoqing, 60, is from Guanliuzui Village, Banzhudang Town, Gong'an County, Hubei Province. At 8:00 p.m. or 9:00 p.m. on March 12, 2004, the town's police department chief and assistant chief, as well as two officers from the county's police department, and others, five or six people in total, broke into Wang's home through the windows.

2004 March 22, “Latest News from China”, in Falun Dafa - Minghui.org, archived from the original on 2022-02-20:

Lu Yandian
Born on November 12, 1927. He was originally from Xiangyang Brigade, Banzhudang Town, Public Security^([sic – meaning Gong'an]) County, and now lives in Mopanzhou Community, Nanhai Town, Songzi City.

2020 September 4, “Today, pay tribute to Songzi war veterans”, in YQQLM, archived from the original on 2022-02-20:

On the eve of the Spring Festival, she returned to her hometown in Gong'an County from Wuhan to celebrate the New Year. But when she arrived home, she learned that the passage from Han to Han had been closed to control the spread of the epidemic.[...]But all public transportation to Wuhan has been suspended, and the road from Shuanghechang Village in Banzhudang Town, where he was home, to the county seat of Public Security has also been closed.

2020 September 28, “She returned to work by riding alone for 300 kilometers to fight the epidemic. Her story once again hit the tears...”, in tellerreport.com, archived from the original on 2021-05-23:

A town in Gong'an, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.


Luohu

zh-l

羅湖／罗湖 (Luóhú)

Centrally located districts like Luohu and Shangbu are better provided for, but in many of the eighteen functional areas or districts delineated in the Shenzhen SEZ Master Plan, basic facilities for any large-scale urban and industrial development are still inadequate.

1985, Kwan-yiu Wong, “Trends and Strategies of Industrial Development”, in Kwan-yiu Wong, David K.Y. Chu, editors, Modernization in China: The Case of the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 76:

A total of 10,240 students brushed their teeth simultaneously for at least 60 seconds at Ai Guo Road, Luohu District, Shenshen^([sic – meaning Shenzhen]) City, China on 20 September 2003.
The event was organized by the Health Bureau of Luohu District, the Education Bureau of Luohu District and the Chamber of Commerce of Luohu District and sponsored by Colgate-Palmolive (Guangzhou) Co. Ltd.

2006, Guinness World Records 2006, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 39:

The IBC Mall in Shenzhen’s Luohu district was sealed off and under police supervision on Friday evening, with around 200 people queuing outside waiting for COVID-19 tests from medical personnel in protective suits.

2020 August 14, David Kirton, “Shenzhen mall in lockdown after coronavirus case”, in Alex Richardson, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-11, Health:

A district of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.


Sujiadang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 蘇家壋／苏家垱 (Sūjiādàng).

蘇家壋／苏家垱 (Sūjiādàng)

In 2002, the former Xinchi township merged into Liaonan township, Banghu township merged into Sujiadang township, the related farms of Sanghai enterprise groups and Gongqing enterprise groups moved.

2007, Cai Hai‐Sheng, Zhang Xue‐Ling, Zhu De‐Hai, “Study of ecological capacity change andquantitative analysis of ecological compensationin a nature reserve based on RS and GIS: A casestudy on Po‐yang Lake Nature Reserve, China”, in New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, published 2010, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 762:

Sujiadang Xiang has a population of about 30,000, in which about 7,000 persons work in the urban area of Gongqingcheng City.

2012 July, Dept. of Sociology, Hohai University, “Social Assessment Report for the World Bank-financed Jiangxi Poyang Lake Basin and Ecological Economic Zone Small Town Development Demonstration Project”, in World Bank, archived from the original on 2021-06-04, page 41:

A resident of Chen's home village of Sujiadang surnamed Cheng said local people are angry at what they see as a lack of police action in the case.

2015 June 9, Xin Lin, Hai Nan, Luisetta Mudie, “Clashes in China's Jiangxi After Teen's Body is Found Near Factory”, in Luisetta Mudie, transl., Radio Free Asia, archived from the original on 2015-06-30:

A township in Gongqingcheng, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China.