Zhushan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 竹山 (Zhúshān).

By 20 September the supply and marketing departments in Chushan County had purchased a total of 350,000 yuan of "minor autumn" products, an increase of 20.6 percent over the corresponding period of last year.

[1978 November 15 [1978 October 5], “HUPEH COUNTY MINOR AUTUMN HARVEST”, in People's Republic of China: Agriculture, number 12 (JPRS 72236), United States Joint Publications Research Service, sourced from Wuhan Hupeh Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →OCLC, page 48:

In the first year of Shenlong reign of the Tang Dynasty, a rich country gentleman in Zhushan County, named Yinke, hired workers to dig a water well behind the village.

1998, Li Fang, translated by Zhang Guangqian, Into the Porcelain Pillow: 101 Tales from Records of the Taiping Era, Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 14:

The suspect was caught on Monday, said the police in Shiyan city, Central China's Hubei Province, in the statement released late Monday night. The arrested suspect is surnamed Zhang, aged 41. Both the victim and the suspect are from Zhushan County of Shiyan.

2021 November 9, “Man in central China is arrested, suspected of killing 21-year-old woman in morning jogging”, in Global Times, archived from the original on 2021-11-09:


Zhushan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 珠山 (Zhūshān).

A district of Jingdezhen, Jiangxi, China.


Manas

Murder convict Li Xinming's wife delivered a third baby intentionally, and the (Lanzhouwan) Township Government in Manas County subsequently made a decision on dealing with the latter.

1995 [1991 April 25], “Man Executed for Family Planning-Related Murder”, in China Since Tiananmen, Urumqi: Xinjiang Province Television Network, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, M.E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 227:

In the western part of the prefecture, cities like Changji and Manas grew quickly; smaller towns in the east of the prefecture like Qitai and Jimsar also saw increases in their populations, aided by improved roads linking these areas to the regional capital of Urumqi.

1998, Linda Benson, Ingvar Svanberg, China's Last Nomads, M. E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 165:

The Qigu oil field is located to the southwest of Manas County in the west part of the South Junggar Depression.

2016, Petrolipalynology, →ISBN, →ISSN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 66:

The ministry said 13 swans had died in the Manas county wetlands near Changji city that were inhabited by around 800 birds.

2020 January 20, Dominique Patton, “China reports new H5N6 bird flu case in Xinjiang region”, in Catherine Evans, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2020-01-21, Health News:

A county of Changji prefecture, Xinjiang, China.

A town in Manas County, Changji prefecture, Xinjiang, China.


Zhuxi

/ˌd͡ʒuːˈʃiː/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 竹溪／竹谿 (Zhúxī).

In Wu-feng hsien “the marriage contract of a pan-tzu pan-hsü only stipulates that the son-in-law is "to support his parents-in-law while they live and to bury them when they die. It does not specify the number of years he is to remain with the family." But in Chu-ch’i hsien, Ma-ch’eng hsien, and Hsing-shan hsien, "the agreement specifies how long he is to remain with his parents-in-law or notes that he cannot return home until they die."

[1980, Arthur P. Wolf, Chieh-shan Huang, Marriage and Adoption in China, 1845-1945, Stanford, Cal.: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, pages 97–98, 408:

Zhuxi county in Hubei province was suffering its worst prolonged drought for 111 years, he said.

1988 July 20, “Heat wave, worst drought hit China”, in Arab Times, number 7305, →OCLC, page 3:

To date, Paeonia giui has been found in only four localities. Three of the four remaining populations were found on cliffs and comprised only a few individuals. It is surely the most endangered species in Paeonia, on the verge of extinction, and therefore effective measures must be undertaken urgently to conserve the species. Prof. LI Zhen-Yu informed me recently that he saw this species with certainty in Zhuxi County of Hubei Province.

2010, Hong De-Yuan, Peonies of the World: Taxonomy and Phytogeography, Kew Publishing, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 92:

I have appropriated thirty-seven Chinese nationals from a Scandium Mine in Longba Town, Zhuxi Country^([sic – meaning County]), China, that have secured and transported my gadolinite, promethium, cerium and yttrium and other rare earth minerals holdings. As many of you are aware, I recently acquired these minerals, as well as the laborers, on a recent site visit to a rare earth mining facility in the P.B.O.C.

2010 December 30, Eric Dash, “Year-End Investor Letter: A Wall St. Parody”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-08-23:

竹谿

county in central China; town in western China

A town in Kaizhou district, Chongqing, China.


Enshi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 恩施 (Ēnshī).

The line was strung above China’s so-called Grand Canyon, located in Enshi Prefecture in Hubei Province. It is a remote spot, rarely visited by tourists and unexplored even by experienced climbers or other extreme-sport athletes.

2012 April 26, Mark McDonald, “A Man on a Wire Above China’s ‘Grand Canyon’”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-10-11:

autonomous prefecture
autonomous prefecture

An autonomous prefecture of Hubei, China.

The attack occurred around 8 a.m. on the first day of the semester at the school in Chaoyangpo village of Enshi city in Hubei Province, the local police said.

2019 September 3, Amy Qin, “Attack at School in China Leaves at Least 8 Children Dead”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-09-03, Asia Pacific:

"You have no idea! I was already up around 4 am. I felt so good. My kids are so excited. Mum is finally coming home," said Hao Mei, a 39-year-old single mother rushing to nearby Enshi to see her young children for the first time in two months.

2020 April 8, “Wuhan exodus sparks virus hope despite mounting death toll”, in France 24, sourced from Wuhan (China) (AFP), archived from the original on 2020-04-12:

A county-level city in Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China.

恩施

autonomous prefecture in central China; county-level city in central China


Laifeng

The ruthless and indiscriminate bombings of the defenseless cities in southwest Hupeh has called for extra efforts in the way of extending relief. For a time Rev. Meyer operated a relief camp for some 60 refugee children. After the bombing of Enshih and Laifeng in Hupeh and Wkeifu in Szechaun ^([sic – meaning Szechuan]) relief was extended to thousands of destitute Chinese with monies received from the American relief fund for China.

1942, “REV. HERBERT MEYER, CHINESE MISSIONARY, ASSUMES DUTIES OF PASTOR OF LUTHERAN CHURCH”, in Petaluma Argus-Courier, Petaluma, California, page 2:

In a 1739 case from Laifeng County, Hubei, the widow Zhang Shi (forty-five sui) was killed by her new second husband, Jiang Changyi (forty-three sui), when she refused to consummate her marriage with him.

2000, Matthew H. Sommer, “Widows in the Qing Chastity Cult: The Nexus of Sex and Property in Law and in Women's Lives”, in Sex, Law, and Society in Late Imperial China, Stanford, Cali.: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 187:

The Paper appeared to be testing that proposition with a daring expose about health problems at a mercury mine in the poor mountainous Guizhou province. Another looked at excessive spending on a construction project in poverty-stricken Laifeng county in central Hubei province.

2014 July 23, Alexa Olesen, “The New Website That Has China Buzzing”, in Foreign Policy, archived from the original on 2014-12-17:

A county of Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China.


Xianfeng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 咸豐 (Xiánfēng).

In (Yui) commune, Hsienfeng County, Hupeh, at present 2,459 pigs are being raised and, on average, there are 4.2 pigs per household.

[1971 March 17 [1971 March 12], “Hupeh Commune Hog Raising”, in Daily Report: Communist China, volume I, number 52, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Wuhan Hupeh Provincial, translation of original in Mandarin, →OCLC, Communist China: Central-South Region, page D 9:

His material is from the Tianheban Formation, a Redlichia trilobite-bearing Lower Cambrian unit at Zhongbao Village, Xianfeng County, Hubei Province, China; Zhang treated the bivalves from Hubei as pelecypods.

2000, John Pojeta, Jr., “Cambrian Pelecypoda (Mollusca)”, in American Malacological Bulletin, volume 15, number 2, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 159, column 2:

She said that about twenty years ago she opened her first restaurant named Zhengzong Hezha Restaurant at her village, the Zhang Village, alongside the road which connects Enshi to Xianfeng County.

2011, Xu Wu, “Hezha Restaurants”, in Farming, Cooking, and Eating Practices in the Central China Highland: How Hezha Foods Function to Establish Ethnic Identity, Edwin Mellen Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 44:


Lichuan

Agramma hupehanum was first reported from the Lichuan District, Western Hupeh, China by Drake and Maa on July 17, 1947.

1985 December, David Livingstone, S. Jeyanthi Bai, Md. Yacoob, “Functional Anatomy of the Egg and Nymphal Morphology of the Grass Tingid Agramma hupehanum (Drake & Maa) (Heteroptera: Tingidae) with a Note on its Egg Parasites”, in Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, volume 82, number 3, published 1986, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 483:

Tourists pass over a bridge above where the Qing River flows through Tenglong Cave, near Lichuan in Enshi prefecture.

2021 October 11, Michael Standaert, Eva Dou, “In search for covid origins, Hubei caves and wildlife farms draw new scrutiny”, in Washington Post, archived from the original on 2021-10-11, Asia & Pacific:

A county-level city in Enshi, Hubei, China.


Zhonglu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 忠路 (Zhōnglù).

The main population occurs in a 25 km long and 1.5 km wide strip along the Modao River in the Shui-sha-ba Valley, Zhonglu Town, Lichuan County, Hubei Province at elevations ranging from 900—1250 m.

2005, Ben A. LePage, Hong Yang, Midori Matsumoto, “The Evolution and Biogeographic History of Metasequoia”, in Ben A. LePage, Christopher J. Williams, Hong Yang, editors, The Geobiology and Ecology of Metasequoia, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 10:

Approximately 90% of the trees are in two adjacent river valleys in Zhonglu Town, Lichuan, Hubei: the Xiaohe River Valley and Shiziba River Valley (unpublished data from the Metasequoia Station).

2007, Hong Yang, Leo J. Hickey, Metasequoia : Back from the Brink? An Update, →OCLC, page 189:

Approximately 90% of the trees are in two adjacent river valleys in Zhonglu Town, Lichuan, Hubei: the Xiaphe River Valley and Shiziba River Valley (unpublsihed data from the Metasequoia Station).

2017, Qin Leng et al., “Database of Native Metasequoia glyptostroboides Trees in China Based on New Census Surveys and Expeditions”, in Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History^([https://bioone.org/journals/bulletin-of-the-peabody-museum-of-natural-history/volume-48/issue-2/0079-032X_2007_48_185_DONMGT_2.0.CO_2/Database-of-Native-Metasequoia-glyptostroboides-Trees-in-China-Based-on/10.3374/0079-032X(2007)48[185:DONMGT]2.0.CO;2.short]), volume 48, number 2, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 189, column 1:


Taishan

The Chinese Communist power struggle has not benefited the people. The following verse started circulating in the Taishan area near Canton not long ago.

1978 January 8, L. Chen, “What they say of Peiping rule”, in Free China Weekly, volume XIX, number 2, Taipei, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3:

According to the court, Fan Wei and Wu conspired to manufacture and sell the drugs in 2012, and brought the others — described as “drug-making technicians” — on board. Between July and November of that year, the court says, the group set up a “den” in Guangdong’s Taishan city, where they produced and sold more than 63 kilograms of methamphetamine and 365.9 grams of dimethyl amphetamine.

2019 April 30, Yanan Wang, “China sentences 6 foreigners for drugs; Canadian gets death”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-08-18:

A county-level city in Jiangmen, Guangdong, China; former county of Guangdong, China.


Xuan'en

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 宣恩 (Xuān'ēn).

(Chunmuying) District of Hsuanen County has fulfilled this year's grain procurement quota.

[1969 December 9 [1969 December 3], “Hupeh Agriculture”, in Daily Report: Communist China, volume I, number 237, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Wuhan Hupeh Provincial, translation of original in Mandarin, →OCLC, Communist China: Central-South Region, page D 6:

Some cadres kept two sets of books, one with the real figures in the village and another with fake numbers for the eyes of grain inspectors. This was widespread in several counties in Guangdong province.²³ In Xuan’en county, Hubei, one in three book-keepers falsified the accounts.

2011, Frank Dikötter, Mao's Great Famine, Bloomsbury, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 212:

A source from Hubei province, of which Wuhan is the capital, said the patient was Huang Dengying, a 61-year-old former official in Xuanen county who was sentenced to 10 years in prison in 2013 for taking bribes, but released early on February 17.

[2020 February 27, Mandy Zuo, “Ex-prison inmate infected with coronavirus travels from Wuhan to Beijing”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-02-27, People & Culture:


Hefeng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 鶴峰／鹤峰 (Hèfēng).

The situation at Hofeng is so serious and the possibility of recuring help is so slight that the leading people are leaving while it is possible to get away. Hofeng lies to the Southwest of Ichang among the mountains and has been looted three times already.

[1929 November 9, “Increasing Unrest in Hupeh”, in North-China Herald, volume CLXXIII, number 3248, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 209, column 4:

They captured Hofeng county in Hupeh and Sangchih county in Hunan and set up Soviet power. Then they built up revolutionary bases around Hsuan-en and Wufeng counties in Hupeh province.[…]
Revolutionary slogans put up in those days are still preserved today in the villages and towns of Hunghu, Hofeng and Hsuan-en counties.

[1977 November, Wu Han-wen, “Ho Lung's Days with the Red Army”, in China Reconstructs, volume XXVI, number 11, Peking, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-10-15, pages 13, 14:

All of the other 17 riding the pick-up truck to visit relatives were injured in Hefeng county in the central province of Hubei, Xinhua said.

2007 February 7, “Overloaded Chinese truck overturns, 14 dead”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-03-12, Latest Crisis:

Tourists were trapped or washed away after heavy rain triggered the flood Sunday evening at Duobi Gorge in Hubei province, state broadcaster CCTV said. Sixty-one people have been rescued.
Hefeng county authorities had issued a notice last month prohibiting vehicles and individuals from entering the undeveloped area where the gorge is located in the Pingshan scenic area.

2019 August 5, “12 dead, 1 missing in flash flood at scenic China gorge”, in AP News, sourced from BEIJING (AP), archived from the original on 2024-05-09:


Jianshi

Borrowed from Mandarin 建始 (Jiànshǐ) via Hanyu Pinyin.

During the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution over 200 teeth of the giant ape were found in Chienshih County, Hupeh Province, and Pama County, the Kwangsi Chuang Autonomous Region.

[1975, “The Giant Ape”, in China Pictorial, number 5, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 44, column 3:


Badong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 巴東／巴东 (Bādōng).

The latest report from the scene in Badong county, Hubei province, said a road near the rail site had also been buried under rocks and earth.[…]
Badong is one of the steep areas along the reservoir where local residents recently told Reuters they had seen more landslides and tremors since the water level rose last year, increasing pressure on brittle slopes.

2007 November 23, “Bus crushed in China dam area landslide, 31 dead”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2007-12-28:


Hong'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 紅安／红安 (Hóng'ān).

At the city’s No. 2 Mill, on the other hand, the management signed a collective contract with the neighboring Hong’an county government, thus utilizing bureaucratic channels, in the belief that a group from one home place would be “easier to control.”

1997, Xiaobo Lü, Elizabeth J. Perry, editors, Danwei: The Changing Chinese Workplace in Historical and Comparative Perspective, M. E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 199:

[...]villages in Hong'an County, Hubei had expended nearly 200,000 yuan in 1983 for making "clan dragon-lanterns" (xingshi longdeng).

2002, Elizabeth J. Perry, Challenging the Mandate of Heaven: Social Protest and State Power in China, published 2015, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 295:

Yan Cheng had cerebral palsy and died on January 29 while in the care of officials in Huajiahe township, Hongan county, more than 100 kilometres (62 miles) from Wuhan, the epicentre of the outbreak.

[2020 February 6, Laurie Chen, “Communist officials fired after disabled Chinese boy died when relatives were put in coronavirus quarantine”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-02-06, Society:


Shennongjia

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 神農架／神农架 (Shénnóngjià).

The area is the Shennungchia in Hupeh province, the mountainous region with the highest peak in central China, Patungya, reaching 10,000 feet. It is called the "natural botanical garden" and is on a watershed separating the Yangtse and Hanshui rivers, where the waters race through deep ravines quickly descending by hundreds of waterfalls, very picturesque and beautiful. As expected it has plentiful rainfall; however, the climate is cold and humid and, in fact the hilltops are often covered in mist.

[1978 June 10, A. G. Mervyn Madge, “The potential of plants in remote China”, in Chemist & Druggist, Benn Publications Ltd., →ISSN, →OCLC, page 960, column 1:

He has acted in only two East-West movies: a deep-sea epic funded by a Chinese billionaire with a predominantly foreign cast, and a bigfoot movie shot in Shennongjia, a mountainous region in Hubei Province, where there have been hundreds of purported bigfoot sightings.

2016 July 14, Mitch Moxley, “The American Who Accidentally Became a Chinese Movie Star”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-07-14:

The man, only identified by his family name, Jiang, on Jan. 24 drove his car back to Shennongjia, in northwestern Hubei, from eastern Ezhou, where he had close contact with his sister, who had been infected, according to the government website of Hubei, the virus epicenter.

2020 February 22, Samuel Shen, Ryan Woo, “Coronavirus incubation could be as long as 27 days, Chinese provincial government says”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2020-02-22, World News:

A forestry district in western Hubei, China.


Luotian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 羅田／罗田 (Luótián).

Hoangcheu commands over nine Cities, as Hoangcheu, Lotien, Maching, Hoangpi, Hoanggan, Kixui, Ki, Hoangmui, Hoangci.

[1669 [1665], John Nievhoff, translated by John Ogilby, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China, London: John Macock, translation of original in Dutch, →OCLC, page 14:

In its investigation report entitled "A New Way To Accelerate the Production of Raw Lacquer" the National Supply and Marketing Cooperative introduced the experience of the Sungpangerh brigade in Hsiangliu commune, Yingshan County, and of the Linmuno in Humiaoho commune, Lotien County, both in Hupeh province, in planting lacquer trees.

[1978 August 16 [1978 August 6], “Black Fungus, Lacquer Production to Increase”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 159, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page E 10:

* China’s agriculture ministry said on Wednesday it had confirmed a new outbreak of African swine fever in the central province of Hubei
* The disease killed 4 out of 821 pigs in Luotian county, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said on its website

2018 November 7, “China reports new African swine fever case in central province of Hubei”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-10, Consumer Products & Retail News:


Huangmei

As observed in the Huangmei district in south-eastern Hupeh, the Rhaetic sandstones and shales with their characteristic purple colour directly overlie the Lower Permian limestone and Silurian shale.

1918, J. S. Lee, The Geology of China, University of Birmingham, →OCLC, page 305:

[…]sending the more serious cases to Danforth in Jiujiang.⁶⁹ In her 1917 annual report, Shi wrote that her nurses had set up dispensaries in the interior cities of Huangmei (Hwangmei) and Taihu (Tai Hu).

2011, Connie A. Shemo, “"To Stand for the Best of Everything": Shi Meiyu, 1914-1920”, in The Chinese Medical Ministries of Kang Cheng and Shi Meiyu, 1872-1937: On a Cross-Cultural Frontier of Gender, Race, and Nation (History; Medical), Lehigh University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 158:

According to local government reports, the incident happened on the 1st Yangtze River Bridge that separates Huangmei county in Hubei – the province at the epicentre of the initial coronavirus outbreak – with the city of Jiujiang in Jiangxi.

2020 March 28, Sidney Leng, “Coronavirus: police, public clash as border reopens between Hubei and Jiangxi provinces”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-03-29, Society:

黃梅

county in central China; town in central China

A town in Huangmei, Huanggang, Hubei, China.


Chengde

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 承德 (Chéngdé, literally “Upholding or Receiving Virtue”).

bor

The Hopei Provincial CCP Committee has decided to publicize throughout the province a self-examination report prepared by the Chengte Prefectural CCP Committee concerning its mistakes in persecuting Chengte Teachers School cadres and masses, thereby infringing on people's democracy and violating party discipline in the matter of handling the question of school premises.

[1978 November 9 [1978 November 4], “Hopei CCP Committee Achieves Return of School Premises”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 218, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Shihchiachuang Hopei Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →ISSN, →OCLC, page K 1:

“This first wave of relocated companies are all highly polluting, high energy-consuming type businesses that will be a burden wherever they go, so at present the enthusiasm of Tianjin and Hebei to take them on isn’t high,” a district official from the Hebei city of Chengde told the newspaper.

2014 April 9, Austin Ramzy, “Beijing’s Neighbors Resist Transfer of Its Polluting Industries”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-07-09:

A prefecture-level city in Hebei, China.

承德

prefecture-level city and county in Hebei


Tongshan

Vuchang commands over ten Cities, as Vuhang, Vuchang, Kiayu, Puki, Hienning, Cungyang, Tungching, Hingque, Taye, Tungxan.

Self-reliance implies the ability to improvise out of one’s own resources, rather than rely on planned co-ordination and state investment grants. This can be illustrated by two examples, taken from many similar ones singled out for praise in official Chinese news releases in recent years.
The first is a colliery in Tungshan County, Hupeh, opened during the Great Leap in 1958 which “originally had over 1,000 workers, but the agents of Liu Shao-ch’i ordered it to be closed. However, 18 revolutionary workers kept the mine in operation with primitive equipment and methods designed locally.[…]

[1972 October, Audrey Donnithorne, “China's Cellular Economy: Some Economic Trends Since The Cultural Revolution”, in China Quarterly, volume 52, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 607; republished as Joseph C.H. Chai, editor, The Economic Development of Modern China, volume II, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2000, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 518:

"Our fiscal revenue has not recovered to the 2019 level, but the fiscal expenditure increases year by year. [We] must keep tightening our belt," Xinhua said, citing Jin Hannan, head of the finance bureau in Tongshan county, Xianning in China's Hubei province.

2023 June 5, Ellen Zhang, Ryan Woo, “China's fiscal condition healthy, but local govts see high debt risks - Xinhua”, in Ed Osmond, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-06-05, Asian Markets:


Yangxin

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 陽信／阳信.

"The Yanghsin County CCP Committee and the county revolutionary committee, in the movement to criticize revisionism and rectify the style of work, have adopted effective measures to popularize the experiences of the (Kaochiachuangtzu) production brigade of (Chienko) commune in Chaoyuan county in democratic financial management in implementing the party's policies for the rural areas.[…]
Impressed by the experiences of the (Kaochiachuangtzu) production brigade, the Yanghsin county party and revolutionary committees last year sent part of the county production brigade cadres to the (Kaochianchuangtzu) production brigade to observe and learn.

[1973 June 14 [1973 June 7], “Shantung County Enforces Financial Management for Brigades”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 115, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Tsinan Shantung Provincial Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →ISSN, →OCLC, East Region, pages C 2–C 3:


Yangxin

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 陽新／阳新 (Yángxīn).

Elsewhere, too, the comrades have made progress in their work and deserve our praise — as in some parts of the counties of Shanghang, Changting and Yungting in Fukien Province; in Hsikiang and other places in southern Kiangsi Province; in some parts of the counties of Chaling, Yunghsin and Kian in the Hunan-Kiangsi border area; in some parts of Yanghsin County in the Hunan-Hupeh-Kiangsi border area; in districts and townships of many other counties in Kiangsi Province and in the county of Juichin which is directly under our central government.

[1954, Mao Tse-tung, Selected Works of Mao Tse-Tung, volume 1, Peking: Foreign Languages Press, →OCLC, page 151:

Another report from Yanghsin county down the Yangtze mentioned ten gentry, leaders of dissatisfied old-style policemen, and secret societies angry at the desecration of “superstitious” temples.

[1977, Roy, Jr. Hofheinz, The Broken Wave: The Chinese Communist Peasant Movement, 1922-1928, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London, England: Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 318:

Examination of the condition of the reckless issuing of clothing throughout the county by the Yangxin County party committee and the county government to administrative and business units directly subordinate to the county was stressed, it was discovered that the cost of issuing clothing to 45 units had topped 300,000 yuan, and over 72,000 yuan has now been recovered.

1985 July 1, Hubei Curbs Unhealthy Tendencies, United States Joint Publications Research Service, page 73:

To understand the complex issues bedeviling China's government, journey to Yangxin, a river-crossed county on the southern banks of the Yangtze in Hubei province, 800 miles from Beijing.

1998 November 22, John Pomfret, “Yangtze Flood Jolts China's Land Policies”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2000-10-01, page A31:


Muyu

zh-l

木魚／木鱼 (Mùyú)

To reach the reserve from Muyu, either flag down Songbai-bound buses on the main road (note that the reserve gates are as far up this road as foreigners are allowed to travel) or bargain with the Xingshan minibus drivers for a charter (about ¥50 to the reserve gates, or ¥400 for the day), who otherwise run back to Xingshan until the afternoon.

2011, David Leffman, Rough Guide to China (Rough Guides), 6th edition, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 441:

Subsequent individuals were photographed and released unless they differed from the previous specimens in such attributes as pattern, gender, or age. Specimens were deposited with the museum officials in Shennongjia, headquartered in the town of Muyu.

2015, Kevin R. Messenger, Yong Wang, “Notes on the natural history and morphology of the Ningshan Lined Snake (Stichophanes ningshaanensis Yuen, 1983; Ophidia: Colubridae) and its distribution in the Shennongjia National Nature Reserve, China”, in Amphibian & Reptile Conservation, volume 9, number 2, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 112, column 2:

Tour companies offer “yeren discovery” packages, and various restaurants in the forestry district’s main town of Muyu proudly feature yeren in their signage.

2018 August 26, “Dreamers, crackpots or realists? The diehards on the trail of China’s ‘Bigfoot’”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2018-08-25:

A village in Muyu, Shennongjia, Hubei, China.


Chibi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 赤壁 (Chìbì).

A county-level city in Xianning, Hubei, China.

赤壁

county-level city in central China; subdistrict in central China; town in central China

A subdistrict of Huangzhou district, Huanggang, Hubei, China.

A town in Chibi, Xianning, Hubei, China.


Lianyungang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 連雲港／连云港 (Liányúngǎng).

* The terminal will be built at the port of Lianyungang in Jiangsu province in a tie-up with the Port of Lianyungang Holdings Group and will be completed in 2021, Sinopec said

2019 February 12, Aizhu Chen, “Sinopec plans crude import terminal at Lianyungang in east China”, in Christian Schmollinger, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-14, Commodities News:

A prefecture-level city in Jiangsu, China.

連雲港

a prefecture-level city in eastern China


Puqi

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 蒲圻 (Púqí).

A subdistrict of Chibi, Xianning, Hubei, China.


Qianjiang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 潛江／潜江 (Qiánjiāng).

Good news on the summer harvest prevailed in the countryside of Chienchiang County, Hupeh. The county reported remarkable increased in its 600,000 mou of summer food crops this year, surpassing the yield in 1962 which was considered as the best year.

[1965 July 9 [1965 June 7], “Chienchiang County Reports Increase in Crops”, in Daily Report: Foreign Radio Broadcasts, number 131, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Wuhan Domestic Service, translation of original in Mandarin, →OCLC, Communist China: Regional Affairs, page DDD 2:

The construction of democratic politics in some regions went backward. For example, Qianjiang Municipality in Hubei Province was given an award as the National Model City of the Villagers’ Autonomy by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, but “there was an incident in which most of the members of the villagers’ committees were unlawfully replaced by the township governments.”

2011, Jianfei (刘建飞) Liu, 民主中国与世界 [Democracy and China], Beijing: New World Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 109:

In Qianjiang City, in the central province of Hubei, activists said in interviews that they had been followed by the police and blocked from speaking with voters.

2016 November 15, Javier C. Hernández, “‘We Have a Fake Election’: China Disrupts Local Campaigns”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-11-16, Asia Pacific:

A sub-prefectural city in Hubei, China, formerly a county.

潛江

a sub-prefecture-level city in central China


Qianjiang

From the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 黔江 (Qiánjiāng).

Sinopec’s first exploratory well, Qianye-1, in the Qianjiang district of Chongqing, was completed in early 2012 and flowed a significant amount of gas.

2013 January 17, John Kemp, “COLUMN-China offers greatest prize of all for shale gas: Kemp”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2023-08-20, Oil Report:


Xinhua

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 新華／新华 (Xīnhuá, literally “New China”).

In a move hailed by some as a step towards promoting business morality and branded as basically Orwellian by others, the country’s first community credit and reputation file system was launched in the Xinhua district of Shijiazhuang, Hebei province, on March 20, according to a report run in China Youth Daily June 9.

2002 July 19, Tao Yuan, Chen Ying, “Business Booster or Big Brother?”, in Beijing Today, number 62, →ISSN, →OCLC, Voice 声音, page 6, column 1:

A district of Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.

A district of Pingdingshan, Henan, China.


Xinhua

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 新化 (Xīnhuà).

Chen Tianhua [1875-1905] was a young man from Xinhua district in Hunan province.

1991, Su Xiaokang, Wang Luxiang, “A Reader's Guide”, in Richard W. Bodman, Pin P. Wan, transl., Deathsong of the River: A Reader's Guide to the Chinese TV Series Heshang (Cornell East Asia Series), East Asia Program Cornell University, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 103:

By official decree, Langtang is a contented place, a town of 82,000 spread across 24 villages in Hunan Province where extreme poverty has been eliminated, crime is under control and schools are prospering.[…]
But the people of Langtang experience a different reality. Incomes, while rising, remain stubbornly low, around $1,500 a year in the surrounding villages of Xinhua County, compared with the national average of $2,500 in rural areas.

2021 May 26, “The Tragedy in Small-Town China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-05-26:


Jiayu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 嘉魚／嘉鱼 (Jiāyú).

Vuchang commands over ten Cities, as Vuhang, Vuchang, Kiayu, Puki, Hienning, Cungyang, Tungching, Hingque, Taye, Tungxan.

[1669 [1665], John Nievhoff, translated by John Ogilby, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China, London: John Macock, translation of original in Dutch, →OCLC, page 14:

One was found on Monday in Jiayu county, central Hubei province, four days after the remains of another were recovered from Dongting Lake, a tributary of the Yangtze in central Hunan province,[…]

2019 November 13, Alice Yan, “Deaths of Chinese finless porpoises on Yangtze River raise questions for conservation and fishermen’s rights”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-11-13, Society:


Huayuan

A county of Xiangxi prefecture, Hunan, China


Huayuan

By October the 24th, headquarters had passed from Huayuan to Hsiaokan, only 45 miles from Hankow, and in a telegram dated from that place on October 25th it was announced by General Yin Ch'ang that the main body of the Imperialists had moved forward to Niehkow, some six or seven miles from Kilometre Ten, and that he himself was following.

1912, Percy Horace Kent, “The Struggle for Hankow”, in The Passing of the Manchus, Longmans, Green & Co., →OCLC, page 135:

The Hupeh provincial authorities have recently completed the construction of a highway from Siangyang to Shasi, a distance of approximately 200 miles; an extension from Siangyang to Tsaoyang has been completed, and this road is being extended through to Huayuan on the Peking-Hankow Raihvay, a total distance of 170 miles.

1926, Julean Arnold, China: a Commercial and Industrial Handbook, Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 441:

On the night of the 27th they took Changsha and occupied Nanchang on July 30. Meanwhile, the Communists in northern Hubei blocked the Beiping-Hankou Railway at Huayuan town and advanced further to take Xiaogan.

2020 [1930 August 4], Yinan (金一南) Jin, Misery and Glory: The Long March and Its Antecedents, Foreign Languages Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, page https://www.google.com/books/edition/苦难辉煌_英文/yKIwEAAAQBAJ?gbpv=1&pg=PT215:

A town in Xiaochang, Xiaogan, Hubei, China.

A village in Xinchengzi, Miyun district, Beijing, China.


Shihua

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 石花 (shíhuā).

A town in Gucheng, Xiangyang, Hubei, China.


Maoping

Zigui, home of the Qu Yuan temple, was the first town to be completely relocated when, in 1999, the residents moved downstream to Maoping, not far from the dam site.

2002, Deirdre Chetham, “The Eve of the Flood”, in Before the Deluge: The Vanishing World of the Yangtze's Three Gorges, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 223:


Tongcheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 通城 (Tōngchéng).

It is not so far to Hsiangsse Commune from Maotien. Only nine kilometres. But the way lies over a range of mountains through which the commune members, using a ton and a half of explosive most of which they made themselves, blasted a road a couple of winters ago. It not only connects the commune with Maotien, but also with another highway that leads into Tungcheng county of Hupeh province over its border.

[1973, Rewi Alley, “Some Hunan Journeys”, in 中国见闻 [Travels in China, 1966-71], Peking: New World Press, →OCLC, page 37:

It is a custom among people living in Tongcheng county in Hubei province to commission their tomb while still alive, but the local authorities say the structures sprawl across the local area and have even been built in public parks as well as rural areas,[…]

2018 April 9, Yujing Liu, “Thousands of tombs ‘taking up space of living’ demolished in China”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-04-09, People & Culture:


Fengle

豐樂

subdistrict in western China; town in central China

For this purpose, the peri-urban zone in Kaixian County of the Chongqing reservoir section[…]These construction workers, mostly carpenters and tillers, are mainly from Fengle.

2003 March 25, Yan Tan, Yi Qian Wang, “Rural resettlement and land compensation in flooded areas: The case of the Three Gorges Project, China”, in Asia Pacific Viewpoint, volume 44, number 1, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC:

Fuji town, a peri-urban area of the new county seat of Luxian, received 81 migrant households (276 persons) from Fengle town (a peri-urban district of Kaixian county).

2008, Asian and Pacific Migration Journal, volume 17, Scalabrini Migration Center, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 21:

In Sichuan the rates were much higher. In Kaixian county, a close examination by a team sent by the provincial party committee at the time concluded that in Fengle commune, where 17 per cent of the population had perished in less than a year, up to 65 per cent of the victims had died because they were beaten, punished with food deprivation or forced into committing suicide.

2011, Frank Dikötter, Mao's Great Famine, Bloomsbury, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, pages 297–298:

To make full use of the ecological opportunities and minimize the adverse effects brought by the water-level fluctuation zone, a regulating dam of 507 m long and 24 m high was built in Wuyang village, Fengle town of Kaizhou city, which is downstream of the new city.

2021 March, Jinfang Sun, Xingzhong Yuan, Hong Liu, Guodong Liu, “Emergy and eco-exergy evaluation of wetland reconstruction based on ecological engineering approaches in the three Gorges Reservoir, China”, in Ecological Indicators, volume 122, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC:

A subdistrict of Kaizhou district, Chongqing, China.

A town in Zhongxiang, Jingmen, Hubei, China.


Guanghua

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 光化 (Guānghuà).

The Governor of Kirin reports the following case : Hu Yu-ch‘uan, a native of the Kuang-hua district in Hupeh, enlisted there in 1865 and rose by degrees to the position of Lieutenant-Colonel.

[1887 June 24 [1887 June 9], “Abduction Case”, in North-China Herald, volume XXXVIII, number 1039, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 697, column 1:

6. The Wu-han - Ch'ung-ch'ing rail line, located in Hupeh, Shensi, and Szechwan Provinces, was originally started in 1958 as an 800-km connection between Wu-han and Sian in Shensi Province. This line was operational to the vicinity of a hydroelectric complex near Kuang-hua by the end of 1966, when roadbed construction was halted. However, work continued during the Cultural Revolution on a major railroad bridge over the Han River near Kuang-hua.

[1971 February, Communist China: Expansion Of The Railroad Network Since 1966, Central Intelligence Agency, published 2004, pages 5–6:

Zhang Guoquan, a soldier in the cavalry, collaborated with secret society members in the Patrol and Defense Forces to capture Laohekou and the nearby district capital of Guanghua on November 28.

1976, Joseph W. Esherick, Reform and Revolution in China: the 1911 Revolution in Hunan and Hubei, University of California Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 197:

In November of the same year, the first three missionaries, J. Brandtzaeg, L. Johnsen and Arestad (who later married Johnsen) arrived in Shanghai. In June 1892 they began mission work in Laohekou (Guanghua), Hubei.[…]
Although Yu-eshaang Lutheran Church suffered a great deal during the war, it did not stop growing. According to a report of 1946, one year after the war, it had 18 districts, namely eight in Henan, eight in Hubei and two in Shaanxi. The eight Henan districts were: Baofeng, Nanzhao, Nanyang, Dengxian, Zhenping, Neixian, Zhechuan and Lushan. The eight Hubei districts were: Guanghua (Laohekou), Gucheng, Fangxian, Zhushan, Zhuxi, Junxian, Yunxian and Yunxi.

1999, Andrew Hsiao, A Brief History of the Chinese Lutheran Church, Hong Kong: Taosheng Publishing House, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 47–48:

A subdistrict of Laohekou, Hubei, China.


Lucheng

From the pinyin romanization of Mandarin 陸城／陆城 (Lùchéng).

A subdistrict of Yidu, Yichang, Hubei, China.


Lucheng

THIS BOOK is based on extensive notes gathered in the village of Long Bow, Lucheng County, Shansi Province, China, during the spring and summer of 1948.* At that time, local land reform, which had already been in progress for two years, was under investigation by a work team dispatched jointly by the People's Government and the Communist Party Committee of Lucheng County.

1966, William Hinton, “Preface”, in Fanshen: A Documentary of Revolution in a Chinese Village, Vintage Books, →OCLC, →OL, page ix:

The many hardships endured by the refugee Shanxi missionaries, as well as the faith with which they faced those trials, are both evident in E. J. Cooper's (CIM in Lucheng near modern day Changzhi) August 18, 1900 letter to his mother.

2016, Andrew T. Kaiser, “The Boxer Turmoil (1900)”, in The Rushing on of the Purposes of God: Christian Missions in Shanxi since 1876, Pickwick Publications, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 98:


Taipingdian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 太平店 (Tàipíngdiàn).

Most of Yu-e Synod's work was in Henan province and some in Hubei. Since it was a joint enterprise of three missions, the synod grew very fast.[...]Two of its thirteen districts were in Hubei: Fancheng (1892) and Taipingdian (1898).

1999, Andrew Hsiao, “Geographical Distribution”, in A Brief History of the Chinese Lutheran Church, Hong Kong: Taosheng Publishing House, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 45–46:

A town in Fancheng district, Xiangyang, Hubei, China.


Songbu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 宋埠 (Sòngbù).

The commander-in-chief, General Li Zongren, had his HQ in a temple outside the market of the small town of Songbu.

1982, Dick Wilson, When Tigers Fight: the Story of the Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945, New York: Viking Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 130:

On January 31, 2023, four Falun Gong practitioners in Songbu Town, Macheng City, Hubei Province were arrested. Two of the arrested are still detained as of February 25, 2023.

2023 March 5, “Four Hubei Residents Arrested for Raising Awareness about the Persecution of Falun Gong”, in Falun Dafa Information Center, archived from the original on 2023-03-14, Persecution in China:

A town in Macheng, Huanggang, Hubei, China.


Zhangjiaji

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 張家集／张家集 (Zhāngjiājí).

張家集／张家集 (Zhāngjiājí)

Wang Siqing said that in 2015, the high-yielding demonstration patch of virus-free seed potatoes in Zhangjiaji Town, Xiangzhou District, yielded 4646 kilograms per mu of fresh potatoes, creating the highest yield per unit area of potatoes in Hubei Province.

2019 April 15, “Xiangyang Agriculture in Hubei Province needs both high yield and good benefit”, in ECHEMI, archived from the original on 2022-02-25:

A town in Xiangzhou district, Xiangyang, Hubei, China.


Xiaonan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 孝南 (Xiàonán).

In March 2000 , the party secretary of Yanglin Guanli District, Xiaogang Township, Hubei Province, was sentenced by Xiaonan District Court to two years "control" for illegal detention and was ordered to pay medical expenses and direct economic losses of 1,560 Yuan to his victims.

2001, People's Republic of China: Torture, a Growing Scourge in China- Time for Action, Amnesty International, →OCLC, page 12:

A patient with fever (L), who called the hotline "96120" for help, receives medical checks at Wolongxiang pulic health clinic at Xiaonan District of Xiaogan, central China's Hubei Province, on Feb. 9, 2020.

2020 February 10, “Xiaogan city sets up 24-hour hotline platform for citizens during outbreak”, in mingmei, editor, Xinhua News Agency, archived from the original on 2020-02-11:


Qichun

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 蘄春／蕲春 (Qíchūn).

On Sunday, a host of new reprimands were made against officials in the virus-hit province, including the deputy governor of Qichun county who "cut corners and worked around the centralised quarantine order," according to Hubei authorities.

2020 February 16, “New China coronavirus cases drop for third straight day”, in France 24, archived from the original on 2020-02-16:


Haoxue

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 郝穴 (Hǎoxué).

After a certain period of regrouping, our troops launched an attack at Haohsueh where we wiped out an entire Kuomintang battalion, thus winning the first major victory since the founding of the Hunghu base area. We later liberated Laohsinkou, Mienyang, Chienchiang and other cities and townships.

[1978 July 19 [1978 July 14], “How the Hunghu Red Base Area Was Built”, in Daily Report People's Republic of China, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from People's Daily and Peking NCNA Domestic Service, translation of original by Hsu Kuang-ta (in Chinese), →ISSN, →OCLC, page E 4:

FLOATING WATERWORKS China's first shipborne waterworks has gone into operation on the Yangtze in Jiangling county, Hubei. The double-decked waterworks is capable of producing 10,000 of potable water a day for the 15,000 residents of Haoxue.

1984, Summary World Broadcasts: The Far East, →OCLC, page 2:

The personnel and organizations responsible for the collection of the earth fee varied considerably from place to place and changed over time. In Jiangling, for example, as early as 1801 two (government-run) tuju (earth bureaus) were set up in Shashi and Haoxue to collect the earth fee.

2014, Jiayan Zhang, Coping with Calamity: Environmental Change and Peasant Response in Central China, 1736-1949, UBC Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 55:

In 1906 (32nd year of Guangxu's reign), while studying in the preparatory high school attached to Hexunliangdeng Academy in Haoxue Town of Jiangling County, he and his schoolmate Hu Egong founded the Furen Association, and began the rebellion again^([sic – meaning against]) the Qing Dynasty.

2015, Deshan Xiong, Social History of China, New York: SCPG Publishing, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 106:

A town in Jiangling, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.


Baiyang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 白洋 (Báiyáng).

Shandong has favourable conditions for production in its lakes whereas Henan is more suited to reservoir production. The production bases in Baiyang lake in Hebei province and in the outlying areas of Beijing and Tianjin are relatively well developed.

1988 [1984], “Aquaculture”, in Sun Jingzhi, editor, The Economic Geography of China [中國經濟地理概論], Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 294–295:

We were all thirteen, successful entrants to Beijing's Number Three secondary school, class seven. We were all sent down to the countryside in Baiyang Lake in Hebei province at the beginning of 1969.

1994, Duo Duo, “Underground Poetry in Beijing 1970-1978”, in John Cayley, transl., Under-Sky Underground, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, pages 97–98:

As the Pearl of Huanbei, Baiyang Lake has become a famous attraction for many, including past emperors since the Jin Dynasty. Historical records show that Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty visited Baiyang Lake on more than 40 occasions.

2009, Yong-Guang Zhou, Emily Ma, “Maintaining the Authenticity of Rural Tourism Experiences through Community Participation: The Case of Two Baiyang Lake Island Villages”, in Tourism in China, Routledge, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 299:

A town in Zhijiang, Yichang, Hubei, China.


Baiyang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 柏楊／柏杨 (Bǎiyáng).

A subdistrict of Wuxi, Chongqing, China.


Yesanguan

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 野三關／野三关 (Yěsānguān).

Under public pressure, Hubei officials freed her on bail. Mr. Wu helped recruit a prominent Beijing law firm to represent Ms. Deng.
On May 22, Beijing censors ordered Web sites to stop reporting on the case. Four days later, television and the Internet were cut off in Yesanguan, the town where the attack occurred.

2009 June 16, Michael Wines, “Civic-Minded Chinese Find a Voice Online”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2010-01-29, Asia Pacific:

This bridge is a 0.7 mile (1.1 km) long suspension bridge spanning the deeply carved valley of the Sidu River near Yesanguan in Badong County, in the southwest of China's Hubei Province.

2013, Wolfgang Kunth, editor, Terra Maxima: the Records of Humankind, Firefly Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 374:

The Sidu River Bridge is located in Yesanguan Town, Badong County, Enshi Prefecture, Hubei, and formulates an essential link in the Yichang — Enshi section of Shanghai — Chengdu National Highway. Its main structure is a truss girder suspension bridge 900m in main span length (Fig. 1).

2013, Bridge and Structural Engineering Branch, China Highway and Transportation Society, editor, Innovation-Oriented Contemporary Chinese Bridges, Paths International, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 210:

The suspension bridge is situated in the remote Yesanguan Town of Badong County, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, over Sidu River.

2016 May 17, Sophie Williams, “Now THAT'S a high-way! Spectacular aerial images show China's impressive mountain overpass built over a 1,630ft valley”, in Daily Mail MailOnline, archived from the original on 2016-05-18:

A town in Badong, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China.


Xihe

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 西河 (Xīhé).

A town in Xiaonan district, Xiaogan, Hubei, China.


Xihe

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 西和 (Xīhé).

BRIEFS NORTHWEST REGION KANSU COUNTY COMMUNICATIONS WORK -- Some 80 staffers and workers of the Hsiho County Posts and Telecommunications Bureau have readjusted the postroads in the county three times.

[1976, Daily Report: People's Republic of China, numbers 128-148, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 10:

Conflicting or multiple locations are given for Qiu Pool. Probably the one Du Fu was thinking of was atop Qiu Pool Mountain 仇池山 in modern Xihe County 西和縣, Gansu.

2006, Ronald Egan, “Art Collecting and Its Discontents in the Lives of Su Shi, Wang Shen, and Mi Fu”, in The Problem of Beauty: Aesthetic Thought and Pursuits in Northern Song Dynasty China (Harvard East Asian Monographs), number 271, Harvard University Asia Center, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 222:

In the second grade classroom of Shili Zhongxin Primary School, Xihe County, Gansu Province, 8-year-old Ren Xiang always comes early for morning reading.[…]
The Wenchuan quake of 2008 damaged or destroyed 334 schools and kindergartens in Xihe County.

2011 May 13, Li Zhixin, “Ministry-UNICEF quake qork an impressive success”, in Beijing Today [今日北京], number 518, →ISSN, →OCLC, News, page 2, column 5:


Suqian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 宿遷／宿迁 (Sùqiān).

Leading members of party organizations at all levels in Suchien County, Kiangsu, have taken the lead in studying and applying the new party Constitution.

[1970 July 9 [1970 June 17], “Kiangsu Party Activity”, in Daily Report: Communist China, volume I, number 132, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Nanking Kiangsu Provincial, translation of original in Mandarin, →OCLC, East Region, page C 11:

Coaches begin identifying prospects during regular visits to local elementary schools. Consider that in just one city — Suqian, in Jiangsu Province — every government district was asked to assess children from the ages of 8 to 13 and select candidates for sports schools.

2008 August 3, Jim Yardley, “The State Requests That Citizen Liu Win Gold”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-01-06, Play Magazine:

According to a copy of the Feb. 9 appeal ruling seen by Reuters, Suyu District Intermediate Court in the city of Suqian said the description resulted from "perceptual differences" and was not a factual error, upholding a judgment made in September last year.

2021 February 26, Pak Yiu, Gabriel Crossley, “Chinese court backs publisher of textbook calling homosexuality 'psychological disorder'”, in Karishma Singh, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2021-04-15, China:

A prefecture-level city in Jiangsu, in eastern China.


Qingjiangpu

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 清江浦 (Qīngjiāngpǔ).

15. Chingchiangpu-Kwachou (on the Yangtse opposite the Chinkiang Railway). It was proposed to build the line from T’ungchou at the mouth of the Yangtse through Chingchiangpu and on to Haichow. The loan agreement to build the section from Tunchow to Chingchiangpu was recently abandoned, however, owing to the proposed line conflicting with a section of the Haichow-Lanchow Railway.

[1914, Rowland R. Gibson, Forces Mining and Undermining China, 2nd edition, London: Andrew Melrose, →OCLC, →OL, pages 186–187:

Further south in Qingjiangpu, the missionaries reported: "During the ten years that foreigners have been in the city there has never been so much robbery as now—the whole vicinity is terrorized."

1987, Joseph W. Esherick, The Origins of the Boxer Uprising, University of California Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 174:

In northern Jiangsu Province, similar merchant titleholders in the prefectural city of Huai’an and a town on the Grand Canal, Qingjiangpu, founded general and branch bureaus of commerce, respectively, after 1900. The leading merchant director in the Zhenjiang bureau would become a major founder of an affiliated chamber of commerce there, and the two bureaus in Huai’an and Qingjiangpu directly turned themselves into affiliated chambers later on.

2011, Zhongping Chen, “Elite and Official Interactive Movements”, in Modern China's Network Revolution: Chambers of Commerce and Sociopolitical Change in the Early Twentieth Century, Stanford, Cali.: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 55:

A district of Huai'an, in central Jiangsu, in eastern China.


Guling

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 牯嶺／牯岭 (Gǔlǐng).

In November 1981, he was touring Jiangsi province to explore investment possibilities and stopped for the night in Guling on Mount Lu. On the evening of Nov. 7, Hoose wrote a sentimental letter to his wife, Georgia. “Here I am, 61 years later, at the place I was born on June 2, 1920. Amazingly, I remember a few features from when I was six. Little has changed—just different neighbors. It is beautiful here. … Am off and down the Mt. to Kiukiang tomorrow.

2022 February 21, Mike Chinoy, quoting Harned Pettus Hoose, “‘I Can Think as the Chinese Do’”, in Foreign Policy, archived from the original on 2022-02-21:

A town in Lushan, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, in eastern China.


Gaoyou

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 高郵／高邮 (Gāoyóu).

Among the rebel leaders who appeared in the Huai area after the 1351 floods was a more ambitious man than Fang Kuo-chen, named Chang Shih-ch'eng 張士誠 (1321-1367). Like Fang, Chang had a salt trade background. Native to the Kao-yu region of modern Kiangsu province, north of the Yangtze, Chang and his brothers grew up as canal boatmen employed by the state salt monopoly.

[1978, Charles O. Hucker, The Ming Dynasty, its Origins and Evolving Institutions, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 10:

Seven people were killed in Gaoyou city in neighboring Jiangsu province, the agency said, adding that 53 were injured.
"Winds and heavy rain cut off power and telecommunications, ripped off rooftops and uprooted thousands of trees," a Gaoyou government official was quoted as saying.

2007 July 4, “Tornado kills 14, injures 146 in eastern China”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2016-01-23, Green Business:

Chen specifies that the river shrimp are from Gaoyou, a city in Jiangsu. “Its geographic advantage and waters contribute to the sweet and bouncy shrimps. The most prized river shrimp tends to be small, resembling an agate bead. So the dish represents a pairing of agate beads and gold ingots, representing affluence.”

2019 January 31, Jenny Wang, “Chinese New Year: auspicious dishes around China, from ‘accessible windfall’ to ‘a room of gold and silver’”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-02-21, Food & Drink:

A county-level city in Yangzhou, Jiangsu, in eastern China.


Sandouping

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 三斗坪 (Sāndǒupíng).

So it is not surprising that, in this century, China's leaders should dream of harnessing the river, taming its floods and turning its raw power into electricity. And now, near the small town of Sandouping at the mouth of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze, their dreams are slowly taking shape.

1997 January 5, Zheng Nian, “A Flood of Troubles”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-12-01, Section 34, page 34:

The rural dwellers who will be moved are scattered throughout 19 counties and municipalities, from Sandouping in Yichang Municipality, to Mudong Township in Ba County.

1998, Dai Qing, translated by Yi Ming, edited by John G. Thibodeau and Philip B. Williams, The River Dragon has Come! The Three Gorges Dam and the Fate of China's Yangtze River and Its People, M. E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 44:

The town of Sandouping in Xiling Gorge, now the site of the Three Gorges Dam, was known for a short time as "Little Wuhan" because of all the commercial activity generated by the thousands of people who stopped there on the way to Chongqing.

2002, Deirdre Chetham, “War Along the Yangtze”, in Before the Deluge: The Vanishing World of the Yangtze's Three Gorges, Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 108:

Even before the onset of the economic crisis, power availability was improving owing to the completion of the Three Gorges dam and the installation of the last of the massive generating turbines at Sandouping.

2009 January 8, John Kemp, “Downturn hits China's manufacturing heartland: John Kemp”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-08-27, Columns:

A town in Yiling district, Yichang, Hubei, China.

A residential community of Sandouping, Yiling district, Yichang, Hubei, China.


Fangchuan

A ride along the Chinese shore of the Tumen River illustrated its potential for development. From the city of Tumen, which was given a rail link in 1993, all the way to Fangchuan in the southern appendix of the municipality, there lies on the Chinese side a 100-kilometer-long strip of meadow and woodlands.

1997 [1996], Willem van Kemenade, translated by Diane Webb, China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Inc., New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 318:

The Chinese border town of Fangchuan, the easternmost point of China’s land border along the Tumen River, is only 2 km from the North Korean border train station at Doo-Man River Lee (an equivalent of a township). The rail and land crossings connect Hunchun conveniently with the three North Korean ports of Rajin (90 km away), Sonbong, and Chongjin. Finally, with the town of Fangchuan only 15 km away from the Sea of Japan, Hunchun marks the closest shipping point from northeastern China to the west coast of Japan, with a distance of 800 km from Niigata (see Liu and Liao, 1993).

2005, Xiangming Chen, As Borders Bend: Transnational Spaces on the Pacific Rim, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 179:

A late-afternoon bus ride through the Yanbian countryside as sunlight glitters on fields of rice and warms the upturned roofs of Korean huts, is one of the most exquisite experiences available in the Northeast during July. The best excuse to take such a ride is Fangchuan, a tiny town at the end of a needle-thin strip of Chinese territory between North Korea and Russia, and China's preeminent border-viewing spot. A view from the tower here (¥20) provides vistas of Russia, North Korea and, on a clear day, the northern edge of Japan.

2012, Simon Foster, Candice Lee, Jen Lin-Liu, Beth Reiber, Tini Tran, Lee Wing-sze, Christopher D. Winnan, Frommer's China (Frommer's), 5th edition, Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 184:

Parts of Russia, China and North Korea are seen from a tower in Fangchuan, Hunchun, China, on Aug. 7, 2015. The lake area on the left is in Russia, the land in the middle is in China and the right side of Tumen River is in North Korea.

2015 October 15, Anna Fifield, “A remote corner of China wants access to the sea. The obstacle is North Korea.”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-10-17, Asia & Pacific:

A village in Jingxin, Hunchun, Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China, near the China–North Korea–Russia tripoint area.


Yanbian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 延邊／延边 (Yánbiān).

Korean is spoken by a sizable minority in the North-eastern provinces. Yet forty-six percent of all Koreans in China, 540,000 people, live in the Yanbian Korean Autonomous District along the Tumen river.

1975, “The National Minority Languages of China”, in Winfred P. Lehmann, editor, Language and Linguistics in the People's Republic of China, University of Texas Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 124:

There are plenty of soldiers in the surrounding Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, the official Chinese name for the region, mounting guard along the nearby border with the DPRK.[...]Yanbian, Yanji apart, is one of the least densely populated regions of China outside the high plateau of Tibet and the deserts of Xinjiang.

2014, David Eimer, The Emperor Far Away: Travels at the Edge of China, Bloomsbury USA, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 254:

China Earthquake Networks Center said Monday the magnitude 1.3 earthquake occurred in the evening in Hunchun. The city is in northeastern Jilin province’s Yanbian prefecture, known for its large ethnic Korean population, and borders North Korea and Russia.

2019 June 17, “China says suspected blast caused minor quake near N. Korea”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-07-12:

A Korean autonomous prefecture in Jilin, China.

延邊

Korean autonomous prefecture in northeast China


Yanbian

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 鹽邊／盐边 (Yánbiān).

On the winding road back to Futian, Mr. Tian told me that he had migrated to Futian from Yanbian County, in the northwestern part of Panzhihua Municipality, and had been working at the coking plant for more than two years.

2010, Bryan Tilt, “Saying Farewell to Communal Capital”, in The Struggle for Sustainability in Rural China: Environmental Values and Civil Society, New York: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 48:


Hunchun

From Mandarin 琿春／珲春 (Húnchūn), from Manchu ᡥᡠᠨᠴᡠᠨ (huncun).

A convention concluded with China by Count Cassini, the Russian minister at Pekin, in the summer of 1896, in the form in which it was made public, conceded to the Russian Government the privilege of building a branch of the Siberian Railroad from some city in Siberia to Aiyun, in the Amur province, thence southwestward to the provincial capital of Tsitsihar and to Petune, in Kirin, and thence southeastward to the provincial capital of Kirin ; also to make a prolongation from the Russian port of Vladivostok to Hunchun, in Kirin province, and thence to the provincial capital of Kirin.

1897, China (Annual Cyclopaedia), volume 2, D. Appleton & Company, page 137:

The Tumen is not yet so important as the Yalu, but with the development of a rival to Vladivostock, now a closed port, in Hunchun, it is acquiring greater importance.

1910, The Provinces of China, Together with a History of the First Year of H.I.M. Hsuan Tung, and an Account of the Government of China, Shanghai: The National Review Office, →OCLC, →OL, page 155:

The influx into the Chientao (間島) of Corean farmers, hunters, and trappers had long been a burning question before the Governments of China and Japan finally agreed by the Chientao Convention of 1909 or China-Corean Frontier Agreement to recognize the Tumen river as the boundary between Corea and China, and to open Lungchingtsun (龍井村) along with three other places to foreign residence and trade. A Chinese Custom House was accordingly opened here on 1st January 1910, but was made subordinate to the Hunchun (琿春) Customs.² It remained in this subordinate position till July 1924 when the head office was transferred to Lungchingtsun,³ while Hunchun—at which in accordance with the Manchurian Convention of 1905 a Custom House had been opened on 27th December 1909—fell into the position of a branch office. The reason for this deposition of Hunchun was the advent in 1923 of the T’ien T’u (天圖) light railway which running through Lungchingtsun to Yen Chi Fu (延吉府) connected both places with the frontier district of Kaishantun, and thence through Kainei (Hui Ning 會甯) to the Corean port of Seishin.

1938, Stanley F. Wright, “From the Revision that Failed to the Peking Tariff Conference of 1925-1926”, in China's Struggle for Tariff Autonomy: 1843-1938, Paragon Book Gallery, →OCLC, page 406:

Hu-t'ou and Tung-ning fell within the first two days, and by August 11 Mu-leng and Hunchun had fallen.

1978, Illustrated World War II Encyclopedia, volume 20, H. S. Stuttman Inc., →ISBN, →OCLC, page 2701:

In the Chinese border town of Hunchun, garment factories gladly employ squads of North Koreans, who are valued as skilled and dutiful workers.

2018 June 5, Jane Perlez, Iris Zhao, Luz Ding, Su-Hyun Lee, “China’s Trade With North Korea Is Set to Soar With a Trump-Kim Deal”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-06-05, Asia Pacific:

Ten years ago, I joined a U.S. trade delegation for the chance to visit, as a journalist, a remote part of China that borders both North Korea and Russia. As we traveled around, local Chinese greeters proudly pointed out the contrasting vistas: rugged empty hills in North Korea and isolated clusters of Soviet-era buildings in Russia, whereas in China, commerce and construction abounded between booming border towns. In one such town, Hunchun, population 250,000, regional officials asked me if I planned to write anything. Perhaps something cultural, I suggested. I hoped for a window onto Chinese life in this far-flung zone.

2019 September 5, Melik Kaylan, “China Has a Soft-Power Problem”, in The Wall Street Journal, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-12-31:

The Changchun COVID-19 prevention office said the squid had been imported from Russia by a company in Hunchun city and brought to the provincial capital.

2020 September 20, Shivani Singh, Sophie Yu, “Coronavirus found on imported squid packaging in China”, in Philippa Fletcher, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-05-22, Health News:

A county-level city in Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China, formerly a county.


Jingxin

/ˌd͡ʒɪŋˈʃiːn/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 敬信 (Jìngxìn).

People in multi-national Hunchun County in Northeast China's Yenpien Korean Autonomous Chou (Kirin Province) have made rapid progress in the revolution and production by closing their ranks under the guidance of the Chinese Communist Party's policy towards nationalities.[…]
Chin Cheng-ho, a veteran cadre of Korean nationality, is secretary of the Chinghsin commune party committee. During the Cultural Revolution, he has led the whole commune to learn from Tachai, national pace-setter in agriculture.

[1972 July 27 [1972 July 27], “All Nationalities Help Each Other in Kirin Chou”, in Daily Report: People's Republic of China, volume I, number 146, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Peking NCNA International Service, →ISSN, →OCLC, page G 3:

More speculative plans are afoot for a world-class Tumen River Airport at Jingxin on China's border with Russia which lies on the polar route between Europe and Japan.

1995, Peter J. Rimmer, “Integrating China into East Asia: Cross-border Regions and Infrastructure Networks”, in Stuart Harris, Garry Klintworth, editors, China as a Great Power, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 319:

Uncoordinated expansion by competitive riparian countries would have caused waste or misallocation of scarce capital through overlapping projects, For example, the DPRK is trying to build Sonbong Airport, while China and Russia are holding out for their own international airports, in Jingxin and Khraskino.

2002, Jaeho Hwang, “Economic and Institutional Constraints on the TRADP”, in The Significance of Regionalism as an Element of China's Security and Foreign Policy: The Case of the Tumen River Area Development Project (TRADP) (Thesis), London School of Economics and Political Science, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-05-30, page 259:

For more than a decade, Chinese villagers in the Jingxin village on the Sino-DPRK border became used to hearing the noises of shooting and finding the floating corpses of North Korean escapees in the Tumen River.

2019, Bo Gao, China's Economic Engagement in North Korea (Palgrave Series in Asia and Pacific Studies), Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 94:

A town in Hunchun, Yanbian prefecture, Jilin, China, formerly a township and before that a people's commune.


Luoning

This ganoderma mushroom weighs 4.3 kg and has a diameter of 94 cm, 163.com said.
Artist Sun Guofeng saw the mushroom at a farmer’s home in Luoning county in Henan province when he was searching for tree roots to carve.

2016 February 5, Alice Yan, “What a whopper! - Chinese artist finds mushroom big as an umbrella at remote farm”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-02-06, China:


Dongsong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 東宋／东宋 (Dōngsòng).

東宋

town in central China; village in central China

A town in Luoning, Luoyang, Henan, China.

A village in Dongsong, Luoning, Luoyang, Henan, China.


Dongsong

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 洞松.

A township in Xiangcheng, Garzê, Sichuan, China


Zhicheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 枝城 (Zhīchéng).

The second finding was that from the point where the Chang Jiang leaves the gorges to below Zhicheng in Hubei, the river widens allowing the river bed to release a large volume of water.

1992 May 12 [1992 February 22], Jianrong [3695 1696 2837] Di, “A Study of the Civil Defense Issue”, in JPRS Report Science and Technology China: S&T Policy, numbers 92-009, page 52, column 1:

He glanced across at Robin. Bright blue gaze locking with thoughtful grey. ‘Heading this way at fifty mph or so. But what we really need is news from Zhicheng.’ His finger moved the equivalent of five hundred miles upriver towards the Three Gorges. ‘Whatever is coming down on Anquing, at least three times more will be coming down on there.’
‘Zhicheng,’ answered Daniel. ‘It’s the next city downriver from the dam.’

2010, Peter Tonkin, Red River (Fiction), →ISBN, →OCLC, page 12:

Video has surfaced on Weibo of a woman inspecting earthmovers in a ceramics factory at 9:44 a.m. on Feb. 24 in Zhicheng Township of Yidu City, according to a netizen who posted the video.

2019 March 5, Keoni Everington, “Chinese woman dies after being dumped by loader into sand crusher”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2019-03-05:


Zhicheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 軹城／轵城 (Zhǐchéng).

The Tonghuagou cemetery is located north of Tonghuagou village, Zhicheng town, Jiyuan city, and was excavated on a large scale in 1991.

2000, 考古, numbers 1-6, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 174:

Both Taiming and Taiqing were born in Zhicheng, about 10 kilometers from Yanmen.[...] After Japan surrendered, he returned to his hometown, Zhicheng.[...]
The train got us as far as Zhicheng. There a big group of relatives awaited us at the station.[...]It was a distance of about a dozen kilometers from Zhicheng to Yanmen. A two-wheel pushcart was prepared for my parents and our luggage.

2009, Stephen Songsheng Chen, Red Circle: China and Me, 1949-2009, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 118, 301:

2.1 Source of leachate
Jiyuan landfill exists at Zaoshu ridge, Zhicheng town, Jiyuan city, which is 10km from Jiyuan city, and area is about 1,200,000 m².

2009, Caixia Tian, Yanli Li, “Study on Characteristics and Treatment Technology for JiYuan Landfill Leachate”, in Memoirs of the Muroran Institute of Technology, volume 59, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 125, column 2:

Emperor Liu Heng granted titles to all the men who were fathers in the whole realm. He made General Bo Zhao Marquis of Zhi (now Zhicheng Town, Jiyuan, Henan Province).

2020, Hing Ming Hung, The Magnificent Emperor Wu: China’s Han Dynasty, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 91:


Taipingxi

/ˌtaɪpɪŋˈʃiː/

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 太平溪 (Tàipíngxī).

In the fifth year of K'ang-hsi [1666] Huang Yü-hsüan, the magistrate, established the three t'u of T'ai-p'ing Hsi Hsiang, restoring the original number.

[1960, Kung-chuan Hsiao, Rural China: Imperial Control in the Nineteenth Century, University of Washington Press, published 1967, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 532:

On the issue of a dam site, the YVPO and those who build protective engineering projects (fanghu gongcheng) favored the Taipingxi site; the shipping and construction departments favored the Sandouping site; and others felt that they lacked sufficient information to make a well-grounded decision.

1988, Kenneth Lieberthal, Michel Oksenberg, Policy Making in China: Leaders, Structures, and Processes, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 314:

Two years later still came the recommendation that the dam be built at yet another place, this one called Taipingxi: on this site the builders would need less concrete, but there would have to be more costly excavation. Taipingxi the generals also liked: they could set up lots of antiaircraft guns here, they reported. But the excavation costs scuppered this choice a year or so later.

1996, Simon Winchester, The River at the Center of the World, New York: Picador, published 2004, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 224:

Taipingxi Township, Yichang County, provided experience from developing tea farms on which relocatees can be resettled.

1998, Dai Qing, translated by Yi Ming, edited by John G. Thibodeau and Philip B. Williams, The River Dragon has Come! The Three Gorges Dam and the Fate of China's Yangtze River and Its People, M. E. Sharpe, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 192:

President Xi Jinping takes a wooden club used to beat clothes in washing from a villager and talks with villagers at Xujiachong village of Taipingxi town in Yichang city, Central China’s Hubei province, April 24, 2018. Xujiachong is a village for people relocated to make way for the construction of the Three Gorges project.[...]
President Xi Jinping talks with residents at Xujiachong village of Taipingxi town in Yichang city, Central China’s Hubei province, April 24, 2018.[...]
President Xi Jinping talks with village officials at Xujiachong village of Taipingxi town in Yichang city, Central China’s Hubei province, April 24, 2018.

2018 April 29, “Xi calls for maintaining new development philosophy, winning ‘three tough battles’”, in State Council of the People's Republic of China, archived from the original on 2022-04-01:

A village in Taipingxi, Yiling district, Yichang, Hubei, China.


Wushan

On the cliffs opposite Kui Spiræa Thunbergii occurs. It is quite common in the Wushan gorge, but I did not find it nearer Ichang than here.

1905 June 17, E. H. Wilson, “LEAVES FROM MY CHINESE NOTE-BOOK”, in The Gardeners' Chronicle, number 964, page 384:

According to Gu and Fang (1991a), two human fossils were unearthed from this site situated in Wushan County in the eastern part of Sichuan Province in central China.

1995, Xinzhi Wu, Frank E. Poirier, “Homo erectus”, in Human Evolution in China: A Metric Description of Fossils and a Review of the Sites, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 108:

Yan Dabin, a former director of transport for Wushan County near the southwestern city of Chongqing, was sentenced on Friday for taking bribes totaling 22.3 million yuan ($3.3 million) from road building companies, Xinhua said.

2008 August 2, Andrew Torchia, “Corrupt China official betrayed by leaky toilet”, in Andrew Roche, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-08-05, Technology, Media and Telecommunications:

巫山

county in western China; town in western China; village in western China

A town in Kaizhou district, Chongqing, China.

A village in Wushan, Kaizhou district, Chongqing, China.


Fengjie

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 奉節／奉节 (Fèngjié).

For many farmers, the immediate concern is the land beneath their feet. Landslides are striking different hillsides as the rising water places more pressure on the shoreline, local officials say. In Fengjie County, officials have designated more than 800 disaster-prone areas. Since 2004, landslides have forced the relocation of more than 13,000 people in the county.

2007 November 19, Jim Yardley, Zhang Jing, “Chinese Dam Projects Criticized for Their Human Costs”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2009-03-10, Asia Pacific, page 5:

No more missionaries were stationed in Kweifu, renamed Fengkieh [Fengjie], but missionary concern, connection, and conversions continued for years.

[2013, David G. Kohl, “The Best of Times - 1928-1937”, in Lutherans On The Yangtze, volume I, Portland, Oregon: One Spirit Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 105, column 2:


Chengkou

Salt Works Close
Hundreds of thousands of workers are report unemployed as a result of the recent closing of the Chengkou saltworks, on the Shensi border of northeast Szechuen, which, closing, many believe, was deliberately engineered by the Kaihsien salt Producers, who were desirous of cornering that market.
The trouble is aggravated by the Government's order that only salt produced in Kaihsien is to be sold in Chengkou. Decidedly angry at the state of affairs, the residents of Chengkou have declared that rather than buy Kaihsien salt, they would go without any salt.

1936 October 28, “Resident Deputy of French F. O.”, in North-China Herald, volume CCI, number 3612, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 228, column 3:

Zhu Zhao-ling and others (1977) report a section at Chengkou County, northeastern Sichuan, and Ni Yu-nan (1978) revised the graptolite zones of the type Lungmachi Formation.

1986, Mu En-zhi, A. J. Boucot, Chen Xu, Rong Jia-yu, Correlation of the Silurian Rocks of China, Geological Society of America, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 4:

On Aug. 29, party officials from Chengkou county appeared in Pingba, arrested Wei and stopped the vote.

2003 September 27, John Pomfret, “Taking on the Party in Rural China”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-04-02:

Wei Shengduo, secretary of the Party Committee of Pingba Township of Chengkou County of Chongqing Municipality, did a comprehensive experiment on reforming the political system by trying the direct election of the secretary of the Township Party Committee and township head in 2003, but the reform was forced to stop under the interference of leaders at the county and municipal levels.

2011, Liu Jianfei [刘建飞], “Tomorrow Will Be Better: Prospects of China's Construction of Democratic Politics”, in Democracy and China [民主中国与世界], Beijing: New World Press, →ISBN, →OCLC, pages 121–122:


Kaizhou

/ˌkaɪˈd͡ʒoʊ/

c. 2016, from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 開州／开州 (Kāizhōu).

The areas with longer duration of high temperature days were mainly distributed in the northeast of Chongqing, narrow section of Yangtze River valley (Fig. 1), such as Kaizhou district, Wanzhou district, and Wushan county.

2019 May 1, Wei Zhang, Caigui Zheng, Feng Chen, “Mapping heat-related health risks of elderly citizens in mountainous area: A case study of Chongqing, China”, in Science of The Total Environment, volume 663, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 857–858:

[…]April, 2017 [3], a major traffic accident occurred in Jinfeng Town, Kaizhou District, Chongqing, which resulted in the death of 7 people.

2021, Y. She et al., “Safety-Risk Identification of Traffic Infrastructure Operation in Mountainous Townships”, in Proceedings of the 24th International Symposium on Advancement of Construction Management and Real Estate, →DOI, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 409:


Yilan

依蘭／依兰 (Yīlán)

Tens of thousands of peasants in Tulungshan of Ilan county started large-scale riots, and within ten days killed or injured three thousand Japanese soldiers together with their commanders.

[1977 December, “Victory Over the Fourth 'Encirclement and Suppression Campaigns'”, in Eastern Horizon, volume XVI, number 12, Hong Kong: Eastern Horizon Press, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 39:

When we left Mihunzhen, our company comprised less than twenty people. Two young orderlies, ten guards including O Paek Ryong, Kim San Ho and the old man “tobacco pipe”, who had followed us and in so doing had given up teaching at a village school in the secluded land of Helong. These were all members of my company. One company from the Wangqing Regiment, who had followed us from Guandi, left us towards Yilan County to join some units in north Manchuria.

1980 [1936], Il-sung Kim, “To Hasten the Liberation of the Country”, in Kim Il Sung Works, volume 48, Pyongyang: Foreign Languages Publishing House, →OCLC, page 271:

The strikes began last week and have spread to a half-dozen cities or counties near Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province, where economic growth has long been slower than elsewhere in China.[…]
A one-minute video posted online showed a group of banner-waving people in the snow in front of the county government offices in Yilan. “Give me back my salary, give me back my dignity,” the people shouted in unison. A report by Global Times, a state-run newspaper, said teachers in Yilan County held up a banner that said: “We are 4,000 Yilan teachers. Return my withheld money!”
In China, teaching has long been a profession with relatively low pay. Teachers from Yilan had posted a letter online that said educators who have worked for 20 years make just over $320 per month, and new teachers make $160 — “even more pathetic,” according to the letter.

2014 December 1, Edward Wong, “Teachers’ Strikes Spread Across Northeast China”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-01-16, Asia Pacific:

A county of Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.


Anping

A town in the county-level city of Cenxi, Guangxi, China.

A town in Zhecheng County, Henan, China.

An urban town in the county-level city of Lianyuan, Hunan, China.


Shadang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 沙蕩／沙荡 (Shādàng).

沙蕩／沙荡 (Shādàng)

Gao Congbiao, from Shadang village 6km away from the plant, had been working on his land when he saw a “big fireball exploding into wild flames” and said the “earth-shattering” blast had left his home and farmland seriously damaged.

2019 March 23, Sidney Leng, Zhuang Pinghui, “Chinese chemical plant survivors relive horror of ‘earth-shattering’ blast”, in South China Morning Post, archived from the original on 2019-03-22:

A residential community of Chenjiagang, Xiangshui, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China, formerly a village.


Chenjiagang

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 陳家港／陈家港 (Chénjiāgǎng).

Chenjiagang Power Plant to be built is located at Chenjiagang Town nearby Guanhe River in Jiangsu (Figure 1)....The river section from Chenjiagang to the river mouth is 11km long, with average width of water surface below mean tide level of 820m~1,100m, and natural water depth of 8~11m.

2009, Dou Xiping, Li Tilai, Gao Xiangyu, Qu Hongling, “Numerical Model of Oil Spilled During Ship Accident in Guanghe Estuary, China”, in Soon Keat Tan, Zhenhua Huang, editors, Asian And Pacific Coasts 2009, volume 1, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 322:

The blast occurred on Thursday at the Chenjiagang Industrial Park in the city of Yancheng, in Jiangsu province, and the fire was finally brought under control at 3 a.m. local time on Friday (1900 GMT), state television said.

2019 March 21, David Stanway, “China chemical plant blast kills 62; Xi orders probe”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2020-11-08:

Li Hongmei, a hotel owner from Chenjiagang, said she had seen a three-year-old boy being thrown into the air by the force of the shock wave that had left him visibly terrified.

2019 March 23, Sidney Leng, Zhuang Pinghui, “Chinese chemical plant survivors relive horror of ‘earth-shattering’ blast”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-03-22, Society:

A town in Xiangshui, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China.


Hai'an

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 海安 (Hǎi'ān).

Fei therefore proposes refining this correlation of economic development and geographic identity. "If the matter is given more thought," he remarks, "it can be seen that the northern part of the Nantong Municipality that includes Hai’an and Rudong counties is not very much influenced economically by Shanghai."

1992, Emily Honig, “In Search of Subei”, in Creating Chinese Ethnicity: Subei People in Shanghai, 1850-1980, Yale University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 33:

The couple didn’t have money for even the simplest of weddings, so they told their parents that they had the ceremony in Nanjing and told their Nanda classmates that they had married back in Hai’an. After a month at home in Hai’an, the couple returned to Nanjing, spent a day packing up their worldly possessions—ten boxes of books, two wooden trunks, and an envelope containing one hundred yuan (sixteen dollars) in borrowed money—and boarded the train to Hefei, the capital of Anhui.

2006, John Pomfret, “Yin Finds Yang”, in Chinese Lessons: Five Classmates and the Story of the New China, New York: Henry Holt and Company, published 2007, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 124:

A county-level city in Nantong, Jiangsu, China.

海安

prefecture-level city in eastern China; town in southern China; residential community in eastern China

A town in Xuwen, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.

A residential community of Chenjiagang, Xiangshui, Yancheng, Jiangsu, China.


Yancheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 郾城 (Yǎnchéng).


Yancheng

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 鹽城／盐城 (Yánchéng).

Hau Pei-tsun was born on August 24, 1919 into an educated, well-to-do farming family in Yencheng County, Kiangsu Province.

[1993 [1992 October 1], Pei-tsun Hau, Straight Talk, Taipei: Government Information Office, →ISBN, →OCLC, page https://archive.org/details/straighttalk0000haob/page/n16/:

In March, 78 people were killed in a blast at a chemical plant in the eastern city of Yancheng that had numerous safety violations.

2023 June 22, “Building collapses, gas blasts, mine cave-ins and more. Deadly accidents are commonplace in China”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2023-06-22:

A prefecture-level city in Jiangsu, China.


Central Plain

ASIATIC civilization is the product of “Mesopotamias”, of great alluvial plains where the natural fertility of the soil stimulated man’s agricultural vocation. Such was the case of Babylon in western Asia; such is the case of the “Central Plain” of China in eastern Asia.[...]In the same way that Egypt, according to Herodotus, is a “gift of the Nile”, the Central Plain is a gift of the Yellow River and its tributaries.

1952, René Grousset, “Chinese Earth”, in The Rise and Splendour of the Chinese Empire, University of California Press, published 1970, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 9:

Within the larger sphere of eastern Asia the Chinese people as we know it today is better defined by language and culture than in anthropological terms. In general a distinction of the physical type may be observed north and south of the Yangtze river, a boundary which corresponded in early times to a cultural division between the relatively advanced civilisation of the Central Plain and the more primitive south.

1961, William Watson, “Introduction”, in China Before the Han Dynasty (Ancient Peoples and Places), New York: Frederick A. Praeger, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 11:

The meeting point of the plateau and the plains is just east of the first great bend of the Yellow River. Significantly, it is at the central meeting point that we have the coalescence of the three cultures which produced the developed Shang culture. This area, known to the Chinese as Chung Yuan, or central plain, has always been the heartland of the “Middle Kingdom.”

1964, Sherman E. Lee, “Urban Civilization and the Indus Valley; Neolithic and Pre-Shang China”, in A History of Far Eastern Art, New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 23, columns 1, 2:

The bronzes from a tomb of the Western Zhou at Yiqi, Tunxi, also have some of their own peculiar designs, such as a gui with a weaving pattern commonly seen on bamboo-woven articles of south China, but rarely encountered in the Central Plain.

1980, Li Xueqin, 中国青铜器的奥秘 [The Wonder of Chinese Bronzes], Beijing: Foreign Languages Press, →OCLC, page 77:

"In fact, the settlers of today's northwest China attempted to explore every way they could. When their eastbound march was thwarted by the early Central Plain dwellers, they simply found their way to the sparsely populated southern territory [because it was] easier and less hostile."

2012 December 9, “Grain finds in Yunnan province may shed light on a Bronze Age civilisation”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2012-12-12, Archaeology:

“Wow, 1200 B.C. people are doing stuff like that and we think we’re so technically evolved,” she said. “It’s kind of humbling, actually.”
Although there is evidence of bronze works at that time in China’s Central Plain, some 750 miles (1,200 kilometers) away, none come close to being this elaborate.

2014 October 17, John Rogers, “Rare ancient Chinese bronzes go on display in US”, in AP News, archived from the original on 2022-06-14:

"It is possible that when barley was introduced from western Eurasia into the Central Plain of China, it came with the knowledge that the grain was a good ingredient for beer brewing," Wang told Live Science. "So it was not only the introduction of a new crop, but also the knowledge associated with the crop."

2016 May 24, Rachel Feltman, quoting Jiajing Wang, “Surprising ancient beer recipe revealed by Chinese pottery shards”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2016-05-25, Science:

The region on the lower reaches of the Yellow River which formed the cradle of Chinese civilization.


Xiangshui

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 响水 (Xiǎngshuǐ).

"Firmly adhering to Chairman Mao's principle 'take grain as the key link and insure and all-round development,' the broad masses of poor and lower-middle peasants, commune members, and revolutionary cadres of Hsiangshui [8207 3055] County, Kiangsu Province, have relied on their own efforts to wage hard struggles, transformed an akaline beach into farmland, and raised their agricultural output.[…]
"Hsiangshui County is situated along the coast of the Yellow Sea in northern Kiangsu, a lowland usually subjected to drought and water-logging.

[1970 April 2 [1970 March 24], “NEW KIANGSU COUNTY INCREASES AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT”, in Daily Report: Communist China, volume I, number 64, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, sourced from Peking NCNA Domestic Service, translation of original in Chinese, →OCLC, page C 8:

Kiangsu Leading members of the Hsiangshui County CCP Committee have linked the study and application of Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung thought with invest-[…]

[1971, Summary of World Broadcasts: The Far East, British Broadcasting Corporation, →OCLC, page A-4:

In many rural areas of China women cadres have virtually disappeared. For example in Xiangshui County in Jiangsu Province, the number of women serving as secretaries/ deputy secretaries or heads/deputy heads of basic level collective organizations fell from 93 in late 1979 to 12 in 1990 (Zhang Yaofang 1993).

1996, Gordon White, Jude Howell, Xiaoyuan Shang, “Urban Women and the Women's Federation”, in In Search of Civil Society: Market Reform and Social Change in Contemporary China, Clarendon Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 79:

Concerns about the chemical industry are widespread in Jiangsu, which is China’s leading producer of agricultural chemicals. A blast at a chemical plant killed seven people in Xiangshui County in 2007. Four years later, late-night rumors that flammable gas was leaking from a plant sent thousands of people fleeing, and four people were killed in a traffic accident.

2019 March 22, Austin Ramzy, Javier C. Hernández, “Police in China Detain Chemical Plant Employees After Explosion Kills 47”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-03-22, Asia Pacific:

响水

county in eastern China; town in eastern China


Grand Canal

The Grand Canal, in Chinese Yun-ho, or ‘the Transit river,’ is of much more importance to the inland trade than either of the two great rivers of China.

1832 June, Le Ming-che Tsing-lae, “Ta Tsing Wan-neen Yih-tung King-wei Yu-too,—"A general geographical map, with degrees of latitude and longitude, of the Empire of the Ta-tsing Dynasty—may it last for ever."”, in The Chinese Repository, volume I, number 2, Canton, →OCLC, pages 38–39:

Now the group of forty graduates were put to work as a partial solution to the shortage,¹³ and he went ahead with the establishment of a surveying bureau at Ch’ing-chiang-p’u, where the Grand Canal crosses the former course of the Yellow River.

1965, Samuel C. Chu, Reformer in Modern China, Chang Chien, 1853-1926, Columbia University Press, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 150:

Couriers rode on donkeys or mules and usually covered part of the distance—between Yangchow and Chinkiang, and when the wind was favorable also between Yangchow and Ch’ing-chiang-p’u—by boat on the Grand Canal.

1970, Ying-wan Cheng, Postal Communication in China and its Modernization, 1860-1896, Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL, page 65:

The Grand Canal was completed in 608 A.D. during the reign of Sui Emperor Yangdi to connect the fertile rice paddies south of the Yangtze with the capital 1,800 km (1,100 miles) to the north.

2007 August 9, “China worries about how to protect Grand Canal”, in Reuters, archived from the original on 2024-05-25:

Jining is the most important transit hub between China’s northern and southern cultures as it sits in the middle of the significant Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal.

2022 January 16 [2022 January 14], “Cultural and creative industries shine in Jining, a city rich in culture and history”, in Prodigy News, AP News, archived from the original on 2022-05-30: