Damascus

From Latin Damascus, from Ancient Greek Δαμασκός (Damaskós), from a Semitic form akin to Hebrew דַּמֶּשֶׂק.
The etymology of the ancient name Damascus is uncertain. It is attested as Imerišú (𒀲𒋙) in Akkadian, T-m-ś-q (𓍘𓄟𓊃𓈎𓅱) in Egyptian, Dammaśq (𐡃𐡌𐡔𐡒) in Old Aramaic and Dammeśeq (דַּמֶּשֶׂק) in Biblical Hebrew. A number of Akkadian spellings are found in the Amarna letters, from the 14th century BC: Dimasqa (𒁲𒈦𒋡), Dimàsqì (𒁲𒈦𒀸𒄀), and Dimàsqa (𒁲𒈦𒀸𒋡).

cog

Hebrew דַּמֶּשֶׂק


Aleppo

From Italian Aleppo, from French Alep, from Ottoman Turkish حلب (Haleb, vulg. Halep), from Arabic حَلَب (ḥalab), of uncertain origin. Theorized to be from Arabic حَلَبَ (ḥalaba, “gave out milk”), coming from the ancient tradition that Abraham gave milk to travelers as they moved throughout the region. Attested in Akkadian as 𒌷𒄩𒆷𒀊𒆠 (ᵁᴿᵁḫa-la-abᴷᴵ, “Ḫalab/Ḫalap”), Hittite 𒄬𒉺 (Ḥalpa), Ugaritic 𐎈𐎍𐎁 (ḥlb), Aramaic חלב (Ḥlb), Old Armenian Խաղաբ (Xałab), Ancient Greek Χαλιβών (Khalibṓn), and Classical Syriac ܚܰܠܰܒ (Ḥalpa).

der

The capital city of Aleppo Governorate, Syria


Golan

en-proper noun

Golan (countable and uncountable, plural Golans)

(historical) A city in the Middle East, generally identified with modern-day Sahm el-Jaulān in Daraa governorate, Syria.


Homs

From a variant romanization of North Levantine Arabic حمص (Ḥumṣ), from Arabic حِمْص (Ḥims), ultimately from Ancient Greek Ἔμεσᾰ (Émesa), ultimately from Aramaic חֲמָת (Ḥamāth, “hindrance, frustration, fortress”) + צובָא (Ṣōwḇā, “near, surrounding, station”). Doublet of Emesa.


Al-Raqqah

Transliteration of Arabic اَلرَّقَّة (ar-raqqa).

translit

A city in Syria located on the northeast bank of the Euphrates river, about 99 miles east of Aleppo.


Hems

From Ottoman Turkish حمص (Hıms) and Arabic حِمْص (Ḥims), ultimately from Ancient Greek Ἔμεσᾰ (Émesa), ultimately from Aramaic חֲמָת (Ḥamāth, “hindrance, frustration, fortress”) + צובָא (Ṣōwḇā, “near, surrounding, station”).


Douma

A city in Rif Dimashq Governorate, Syria.


Tartus

From Arabic طَرْطُوس (ṭarṭūs), from Ancient Greek Αντιαράδος (Antiarádos).

bor

Arabic طَرْطُوس (ṭarṭūs)

a city on the Mediterranean coast of Syria


Emesa

From Latin Emesa, from Ancient Greek Ἔμεσα (Émesa), ultimately from Aramaic חֲמָת (Ḥamāth, “hindrance, frustration, fortress”) + צובָא (Ṣōwḇā, “near, surrounding, station”). Doublet of Homs.

(historical) Former name of Homs, a city in Syria.


Hums

From North Levantine Arabic حمص (Ḥumṣ), variant of Arabic حِمْص (Ḥims), ultimately from Ancient Greek Ἔμεσᾰ (Émesa), ultimately from Aramaic חֲמָת (Ḥamāth, “hindrance, frustration, fortress”) + צובָא (Ṣōwḇā, “near, surrounding, station”).

Alternative form of Homs, a city in Syria.


al-Shaddadi

al-Hasakah Governorate
al-Hasakah Governorate#English

A city in al-Hasakah Governorate, Syria.