shikumen

(architecture) An architectural style found in Shanghai, China, consisting of two or three floors and a front yard protected by high walls.


carolitic

(architecture, rare) foliated with sculptured leaves and branches


anteportico

(ecclesiastical architecture)An outer porch or vestibule.


superaltar

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(architecture) A raised shelf or stand on the back of an altar, suitable for holding objects; a predella or gradino.


interaxis

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The doors, windows, niches, and the like, are then placed centrally in the interaxes.

1842, Joseph Gwilt, Encyclopaedia of Architecture:

The small order is 16½ braccia high, i.e. eleven times the diameter of the base of the columns (which is 1½ braccia) and one and a half times the interaxis.

2002, Leonardo Benevolo, The Architecture of the Renaissance - Volume 1, page 72:

The analyses performed have shown the importance of the longitudinal distance (interaxis) for in-series applications.

2009, Alberto Lamberti, Leopoldo Franco, Giuseppe Roberto Tomasicchio, Coastal Structures 2007, page 1319:

Indeed, when the light-frame elements and the timber-frame ones are of different widths (the studs/mullions with respect to the posts and the rafters with respect to the sloped beams), and when there is a constant interaxis from center to center between them, the span between them cannot be constant; and vice versa, when the span is kept constant, the interaxis from center to center cannot be constant.

2023, Gian Luca Brunetti, Design and Construction of Bioclimatic Wooden Greenhouses, page 51:

(architecture) The space between two axes.


andron

Latin andron, from Ancient Greek ἀνδρών (andrṓn).

(architecture, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome), the room reserved for males and their activities, often in the lower part of the house.


watershoot

(obsolete, architecture) That which serves to guard from falling water; a drip or dripstone.


treadboard

(architecture) A board to take a person's weight; a tread of a staircase.


surbase

(architecture) the uppermost part of the moulding of a baseboard, a pedestal or a similar construct


surbase

en-verb

surbase (third-person singular simple present surbases, present participle surbasing, simple past and past participle surbased)

surbases (present singular third-person)
surbasing (participle present)
surbased (participle past)
surbased (past)

(architecture) to lower the rise of an arch


stringboard

(architecture, carpentry) A stringpiece.


backjoint

(architecture) A rebate or chase in masonry left to receive a permanent slab or other filling.


intertie

(construction, architecture) In any framed work, a horizontal tie other than sill and plate or other principal ties, securing uprights to one another.


polystyle

a polystyle hall

(archaic, architecture) Having many columns; said of a building, especially of an interior part or court.


gradatory

(architecture) A series of steps from a cloister into a church.


in antis

(architecture) Between antae; said of a portico in classical style, where columns are set between two antae, forming the angles of the building.


orillon

orillons (plural)
orillion (alternative)

From French orillon (literally “little ear”), from oreille (“an ear”), from Latin oricula, auricula, diminutive of auris (“an ear”). See ear.

A semicircular projection made at the shoulder of a bastion for the purpose of covering the retired flank, found in old fortresses.


epistyle

Latin epistylium, Ancient Greek: compare French épistyle.

(architecture, historical) A massive piece of stone or wood laid immediately on the abacus of the capital of a column or pillar; an architrave.


bridle iron

(architecture) A strong flat bar of iron, bent so as to support, as in a stirrup, one end of a floor timber, etc. where no sufficient bearing can be had.


luffer

These luffer boards are either fixed, or turn on pivots in the styles of their frames; their action, in the latter case, being like that of the common Venetian blinds.

1833, An Encyclopaedia of Cottage, Farm and Villa Architecture and Furniture, page 269:

In the section, the third luffer is supposed to be open; when the lower luffer plate is taken out, the apparatus is to all intents and purposes a Staffordshire grate.

1845, Robert Stuart, On the History and Art of Warming and Ventilating Rooms and Buildings, page 151:

Functional and symbolic values coincide; if there rises a column of smoke to the luffer above, this is not merely a convenience, but also a representation of the axis of the universe that pillars-apart heaven and earth, essence and nature, and is itself although without dimensions or consistency the adamantine principle and exemplary form of temporal and spatial extension and of all things situated in time or space.

2017, Ananda K. Coomaraswamy, Christian and Oriental Philosophy of Art:

We meet again with a pair of annular symbols, of which the one is a perforated disk representing the Earth (Holmberg, "Der Baum des Lebens," fig 13), and the other the luffer above the central hearth of the yurt, which is also the opening in the roof of a hypaethral temple, through which passes the stem of the Worldtree to branch above.

2020, Ananda K. Coomaraswamy, Rama P. Coomaraswamy, The Door in the Sky: Coomaraswamy on Myth and Meaning, page 18:

(architecture) Alternative form of louver.


blocking course

en-noun

blocking course (plural blocking courses)

(architecture) The finishing course of a wall showing above a cornice.


verticalism

verticalism (usually uncountable, plural verticalisms)

(architecture) The building of tall, vertical buildings, especially exceptionally tall skyscrapers


ledgement

(architecture) Alternative form of ledgment.


canephora

canephoras (plural)
canephor (alternative)
canephore (alternative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κανηφόρος (kanēphóros).

(architecture) A caryatid supporting a basket on her head.


theatral

en-adj

theatral (comparative more theatral, superlative most theatral)

more theatral (comparative)
most theatral (superlative)

theatral area of Knossos

(obsolete or Ancient Greek architecture) theatrical


stackback

A larger stackback allows more light into the room during the day.

(architecture) The amount of wall space at either side of a window where the curtains are drawn back when fully open.


puteal

From Latin puteal, from puteālis, from puteus (“well”) + -ālis (“-al: forming adjs”).

(architecture) An enclosure around a well to prevent people from falling into it.


substruction

From Latin substructio, from substruere, substructum (“to build beneath”), from sub (“under”) + struere (“to build”).

It is a magnificent strong building, with a substruction very remarkable.

1644 November 18 (Gregorian calendar), John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 8 November 1644]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC:


frize

w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909


frize

en-verb

frize (third-person singular simple present frizes, present participle frizing, simple past and past participle frized)

frizes (present singular third-person)
frizing (participle present)
frized (participle past)
frized (past)


luthern

From French lucarne (“a dormer, dormer window, garret window”), Latin lucerna (“lamp”), from lucere (“to be light or clear”), from lux (“light”).


pseudoperipteral

A temple is pseudoperipteral if it has the columns at the sides attached to the walls, and an ambulatory only at the ends or at one end.

(architecture) Falsely or imperfectly peripteral


supercolumniation

en-noun

supercolumniation (usually uncountable, plural supercolumniations)

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An example of supercolumniation would be the putting of the Doric order in the ground story, Ionic above it, and Corinthian or Composite above that.

(architecture) The putting of one order above another.

(architecture) An architectural work produced by this method.


cyma recta

cyma recta (plural cymae rectae or cymæ rectæ)

cymae rectae (plural)
cymæ rectæ (plural)

sīʹmə rĕkʹtə

/ˈsaɪmə ˈɹɛktə/

(architecture) A cyma (moulding) concave in its upper part, and convex in its lower part.


cyma reversa

cyma reversa (plural cymae reversae or cymæ reversæ)

cymae reversae (plural)
cymæ reversæ (plural)

sīʹmə rĭvûrʹsə

/ˈsaɪmə ɹɪˈvɜːsə/

(architecture) A cyma (moulding) convex in its upper part, and concave in its lower part.


tiebeam

tiebeams (plural)
tie-beam (alternative)

by being connected with the strap which unites the principal and tiebeam, it cannot move from its place at the extremity

1853, Thomas Tredgold, Elementary Principles of Carpentry:

(architecture) A beam acting as a tie, as at the bottom of a pair of principal rafters, to prevent them from thrusting out the wall.

entrait

beam acting as a tie at the bottom of a pair of principal rafters


trabeated

(architecture) Built with horizontal beams; furnished with an entablature


halpace

(archaic, architecture) A haut-pas; a dais.


eustyle

(architecture) An intercolumniation of two-and-a-quarter column diameters.


acroter

/ˈækɹətə(ɹ)/

From French acrotère. Doublet of acroterium.

It is a very elegant building, with four supporting Tuscan columns on pedestals, a cornice with a carved wooden valance, and an acroter with square pear-shaped balusters continuing round to the outer wall

2007, Galila El Kadi, Alain Bonnamy, Architecture for the Dead : Cairo's Medieval Necropolis, page 191:


larmier

From French larme (“tear, drop”), from Latin lacrima. See lachrymose.

(architecture) A horizontal stringcourse for preventing rain from trickling down a wall.


semitransept

the north semitransept of a church

(architecture, rare) One half of a transept.


facadectomy

(architecture) The retention of a building's facade for use in a new construction after the rest of the original building is demolished.

(architecture) The removal and replacement of a building's facade.


crocketing

crocketing (countable and uncountable, plural crocketings)

There is no lace work , no crocketing , no tracery , no construction to speak of

1869, John Ruskin, Flamboyant Architecture in the Valley of the Somme:

And there, in the centre of the picture, with its carved back scarcely three feet below the soil, is the throne of the ancient king, with the lines of its strange crocketing fresh and unchipped.

1907, Ronald M. Burrows, The Discoveries In Crete, page 2:

(architecture) ornamentation with crockets


hyperstructure

With historical landscapes erased, with megastructures and superblocks as primary components, and with an increasingly dense and self-contained circulation system, the new financial district is best conceived as a single, demonically self-referential hyperstructure, a Miesian skyscape raised to dementia.

2011, Richard T. LeGates, Frederic Stout, The City Reader, →ISBN:

(architecture) A very densely populated habitat, as in arcology.


bandelet

From French bandelette, diminutive of bande. See band and bendlet.

The Tænia on the Doric Architrave is called its Bandelet

1825, William Chambers, A Treatise on the Decorative Part of Civil Architecture:

(architecture) A small band or fillet; any little band or flat moulding, compassing a column, like a ring.


sciagraph

From Ancient Greek σκιά (skiá, “shadow”) + -graph.

(architecture, archaic) A vertical section of a building; a sciagraphy.


butment

(architecture) A buttress of an arch; the supporter, or that part which joins it to the upright pier.


paraclose

(architecture) Alternative form of parclose.


peridrome

From Ancient Greek περίδρομος (perídromos), meaning "running around, that which surrounds": compare French péridrome.

(architecture) The space between the columns and the wall of the cella in an Ancient Greek or Roman temple


tablement

From Middle English tablement, from Anglo-Norman tablement; equivalent to table + -ment.

When we had fetched therefore a circuit about, we ſat us downe upon the tablements on the South ſide of the temple, nere unto the chappell of Tellus, that is to ſay, the Earth, where we beheld the waters of the Fountain Caſtilius, and the temple of the Muſes, with admiration, […]

1603, Plutarch, “Why the Prophetesse Pythia Giveth No Answers Now from the Oracle in Verse or Meeter”, in Philemon Holland, transl., The Philosophie, Commonlie Called, The Morals […], London: […] Arnold Hatfield, →OCLC, page 1196:


lychnoscope

From Ancient Greek λύχνος (lúkhnos) + -scope.

(architecture, archaic) A low side window in a church.


pseudogothic

en-adj

pseudogothic (comparative more pseudogothic, superlative most pseudogothic)

more pseudogothic (comparative)
most pseudogothic (superlative)

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Obviously, the style of romantic pseudogothic architecture was not invented by Isabel - the building at Puławy was preceded by several similar creations abroad and in Poland.

1980, Marek Rostworowski, The National Museum in Cracow, the Czartoryski Collection:

Even a regular reader of the most dreadful pseudogothic periodicals must have felt a frisson of horror.

1997, Jan Bondeson, A Cabinet of Medical Curiosities, page 97:

The pseudogothic trappings that disfigure the first two cantos of Childe Harold are absent in Childe Harold III and IV, which we may discuss here as a unit even though the last canto was completed two years later in Italy.

2004, Harold Bloom, English Romantic Poetry, page 295:


pentastyle

(architecture) A portico with five columns.


encarpus

encarpuses (plural)
encarpi (plural)
encarpa (alternative)

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek ἔγκαρπος (énkarpos, “containing fruit”) (ἐν- (en-) + καρπός (karpós)).

der

(architecture) An ornament on a frieze or capital, consisting of festoons of fruit, flowers, leaves, etc.


Neogothic

en-adj

Neogothic (comparative more Neogothic, superlative most Neogothic)

more Neogothic (comparative)
most Neogothic (superlative)

The travelling engineer Frencesco Senweignoter designed the church at Falzes (1851) and also the front of the mausoleaum for Archduke Reiner in the principal church in Bolzano. The latter is a pleasing and correct example of the Neogothic style.

1979, Sandro Gattei, Sandro Pirovano, Robert Mainardi, Trentino Alto Adige, page 464:

The earlier periods, the original and ideas-phases of German Neogothic, have been well written up in English; now Lewis's work fills an important gap in English-language works on the later period; indeed, so far, there is no comparable work in German either.

1992, Newsletter - Issues 47-65, page 90:

The Neogothic Revival style of the early 1900s sought to tame the excesses of the flamboyant High Victorian Gothic by turning to English Gothic architecture for inspiration.

1993, East Central Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, City of Berlin intensive architectural/historical survey: final report:

His interest in architecture was always strongly linked to his sense of responsibility for the care and preservation of the built environment. In 1973 he published an article on Early Neogothic in Finland.

1995, Icon to Cartoon: A Tribute to Sixten Ringbom, page 22:

Toward the end of the nineteenth century, he made a series of designs in the Neogothic idiom of Martorell.

2000, Juan Bassegoda Nonell, Antonio Gaudi: Master Architect:

(architecture, literature) Alternative form of neogothic.


landscraper

But the super structure already has been panned by local author and architectural critic James Howard Kunstler, who has called the building a "landscraper" the size of an aircraft carrier, and compared it unfavorably to a "gigantic brick Yule log" and Darth Vader's mask.

2009 December 28, Dennis Yusko, “Skidmore's sounds of music”, in The Times-Union:

A building with a very large horizontal footprint; a horizontal megastructure.


cour d'honneur

(architecture) A three-sided ceremonial courtyard, created by flanking the main central block, or corps de logis, with symmetrical advancing secondary wings containing minor rooms.


bull's nose

(architecture) An external angle when obtuse or rounded.


apteral

There may, however, be entablature without columns, —where the latter are suppressed, as on the flanks of an apteral temple; or omitted entirely, as in astylar building

1852, William Henry Leeds, Rudimentary architecture for the use of beginners and students. The orders, and their æsthetic principles,:

(architecture) Without lateral columns; applied to buildings which have no series of columns along their sides, but are either prostyle or amphiprostyle.


siheyuan

siheyuans (plural)
siheyuan (plural)
ssu-ho-yuan (alternative)

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 四合院 (sìhéyuàn).

Traditional ssu ho yuan, the former homes of courtiers, both mission dwellings consisted of clusters of single-storied, gray-tiled pavilions built around shady courtyards adorned with rock gardens, lotus pools, and ancient fruit trees.

[1988, Anthony Grey, Peking: A Novel of China's Revolution, 1921-1978, Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 54:

A traditional type of Chinese residence consisting of four houses with a courtyard in the middle; a Chinese quadrangle.


MFT

Managed file transfer
w:Managed file transfer

(computing, architecture) Initialism of Managed file transfer.


screwback

The main arch abutments are 25 feet wide by 75 feet long and approximately 60 feet deep from the top of the screwback to the bottom of the footings.

1941, Association of Ontario Land Surveyors, Annual Report, page 72:

(architecture) A masonry abutment on an arch that is wedge-shaped in order to transmit the thrust downward.


tail-bay

(architecture) One of the joists which rest one end on the wall and the other on a girder.

(architecture) The space between a wall and the nearest girder of a floor.


hypotrachelium

Latin [Term?], from Ancient Greek [Term?] under + neck.


dentel

(architecture) Alternative form of dentil.


propylon

From Ancient Greek προπύλαιος [πρός (prós, “before”) + πύλη (púlē, “gate”)].

(architecture, historical) Alternative spelling of propylaeum.


mashrabiyya

en-noun

mashrabiyya (plural mashrabiyyas or mashrabiyya)

mashrabiyyas (plural)
mashrabiyya (plural)
mashrabiya (alternative)
moucharabieh (alternative)
moucharaby (alternative)
mouchrabieh (alternative)
mushrebiyeh (alternative)

/məʃɹəˈbi.ə/

From French moucharaby, later reborrowed from its source, Arabic مَشْرَبِيَّة (mašrabiyya), from مِشْرَبَة (mišraba, “small jug”), from the water jars placed in it to provide evaporative cooling.

bor

مَشْرَبِيَّة

The upper floors of the buildings bordering the street leading to the mosque feature mashrabiyya, intricate wooden lattice window screens. […] In contrast to the modest mashrabiyya overlooking the alley, on the side facing the main street, the buildings feature inviting open balconies accessed by louvered doors.

2009, Deborah Starr, Remembering Cosmopolitan Egypt, Routledge, →ISBN, page 1:

(architecture) A balcony in North Africa enclosed with carved wooden latticework.


pycnostyle

From Ancient Greek πυκνόστυλος (puknóstulos, “close-pillared”). By surface analysis, pycno- + -style.

der

(architecture) Having an intercolumniation of 1.5 times the diameter of the shaft of a column.


pycnostyle

(architecture) A colonnade of this kind.


araeostyle

From Latin araeostylos, from Ancient Greek ἀραιόστυλος (araióstulos). By surface analysis, Ancient Greek ἀραιός (araiós, “widely spaced”) + -style.

surf

(architecture) A type of intercolumniation


clavy

Compare French claveau (“centrepiece of an arch”).


cross-springer

(architecture) Alternative form of cross springer.


crossette

Borrowed from French crossette, diminutive of crosse. See crosier.

(architecture) A return in one of the corners of the architrave of a door or window.


lying panel

(architecture) A panel in which the grain of the wood is horizontal.


service-oriented architecture

en-noun

service-oriented architecture (plural service-oriented architectures)

software architectural
software architecture

(computing, architecture) A software architectural concept that defines the use of services to support the requirements of software users.


search-oriented architecture

search-oriented architecture (plural search-oriented architectures)

(computing, architecture, rare) A software-architectural approach that is focused on a search engine.


scarcement

(architecture, engineering) An offset where a wall or bank of earth, etc., retreats, leaving a shelf or footing.


cimbia

(architecture) A fillet or band placed around the shaft of a column as if to strengthen it.


Richardsonian

en-adj

Richardsonian (comparative more Richardsonian, superlative most Richardsonian)

more Richardsonian (comparative)
most Richardsonian (superlative)

A. O. Watson of Austin and Eugene T. Heiner of Houston collaborated to produce a very credible Richardsonian court house for DeWitt County in Cuero (1894 - 1896; Fig. 2.06), perhaps modeled on Richardson's Allegheny County Courthouse in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

1993, Jay C. Henry, Architecture in Texas: 1895-1945:

The Richardsonian model in nearby Pittsburgh is reflected in the building's surface texture, the 188-foot square tower, arcaded windows, arched entryways, ans stone foliage carvings.

2001, Oliver P. Williams, County Courthouses of Pennsylvania: A Guide, page 95:

Most Richardsonian buildings in Los Angeles have disappeared.

2009, Robert Winter, An Arch Guidebook to Los Angeles, page 16:

Of or relating to Henry Hobson Richardson (1838–1886), American architect, or the Romanesque style that he popularised.


Morisco

Moriscos (plural)
Moriscoes (plural)
Moresco (alternative)

Borrowed from Spanish morisco (“Moorish”), from moro (“Moor”).

Ambrosio de Letinez, a fictitious hero of the early nineteenth century, accurately described the typical architecture of northern Mexico: “The style of building is the Morisco … throughout … Mexico; that is to say, the houses are almost universally one story high, with flat terrace roofs and few windows to the street. […]”

2008, W. Eugene George, Lost Architecture of the Rio Grande Borderlands, Texas A&M University Press, →ISBN, page 28:

(architecture) The Moorish style of architecture.


apothesis

From Ancient Greek ἀπόθεσις (apóthesis, “a putting back or away”). See apothecary.

der

(architecture) A place on the south side of the chancel in primitive churches, furnished with shelves, for books, vestments, etc.


chimney breast

(architecture) The horizontal projection of a chimney from the wall in which it is built (usually inside a building)


pent roof

pent roofs (plural)
pentroof (alternative)

(automotive) A penta engine, also known as a pent-roof combustion chamber.


intercolumniated

Let us go on to the Rotunda, a hall of fifty feet diameter, with ten windows, richly intercolumniated, and a vaulted roof ornamented with stucco.

1808, Joseph Sansom, Travels from Paris through Switzerland and Italy, page 82:


rudenture

From French rudenture, from Latin rudens (“rope”).


neckmould

neckmoulds (plural)
neckmold (alternative)

(architecture) A small convex moulding surrounding a column at the junction of the shaft and capital.


boultel

boultels (plural)
bowtel (alternative)
bowtell (alternative)
boltel (alternative)
boultin (alternative)
boutell (alternative)

(architecture) A moulding with quarter-circle convexity, found just below the abacus in the Tuscan and Roman Doric capital; a torus; an ovolo.

(architecture) One of the shafts of a clustered column.


hanse

Compare French anse (“handle”), anse de panier (“surbased arch, flat arch, vault”), and English haunch (“hip”).

Now Workmen call each End of these Arches the Hanse, which Hanses are always the Arches of smaller Circles than the Scheme, which is the middle Part of these Arches, and consists of a Part of a larger Circle […]

1736, Richard Neve, Neve's The city and country purchaser and builder's dictionary:

The building, from the tenor of the whole description, was in the style of the Renaissance, and the pillars (spiral or wreathed) probably supported the hanses, or spring of the arch.

1846, Cambridge Antiquarian Society, Quarto Publications, volume 1, page 60:

(architecture) That part of an elliptical or many-centred arch which has the shorter radius and immediately adjoins the impost.


pattern language

en-noun

pattern language (plural pattern languages)

(architecture, design, software) A structured method of describing good design practices within a field of expertise.


protodoric

en-adj

protodoric (comparative more protodoric, superlative most protodoric)

more protodoric (comparative)
most protodoric (superlative)

(architecture) Of or relating to a style in which the beginnings of the Doric style are supposed to be found.


pulvinate

pulvinate (comparative more pulvinate, superlative most pulvinate)

more pulvinate (comparative)
most pulvinate (superlative)

Latin pulvinatus, from pulvinus (“a cushion, an elevation”).

a pulvinated frieze

(architecture) Curved convexly or swelled.


atlantid

(architecture) A figure of a man used as a column.


corbel out

en-verb

corbel out (third-person singular simple present corbels out, present participle corbelling out or corbeling out, simple past and past participle corbelled out or corbeled out)

corbels out (present singular third-person)
corbelling out (participle present)
corbeling out (participle present)
corbelled out (participle past)
corbelled out (past)
corbeled out (participle past)
corbeled out (past)

(transitive, architecture) To furnish with a corbel of courses, each projecting beyond the one below it.


American Empire

It need not be so true to style as the furniture intended for a more pretentious house, and the mahogany American Empire furniture, so popular about 1820, will become a farmhouse dwelling.

1912 August 18, Harry Martin Yeomans, “The decoration of remodeled farmhouses”, in American Homes and Gardens, volume 9, page 294:

A French-inspired neoclassical style of American furniture and decoration originating from the Empire style introduced during the First French Empire period under Napoleon's rule.


opus incertum

From Latin opus (“work”) + incertus (“uncertain, irregular”).

com

(architecture, historical) An Ancient Roman construction technique, using irregular-shaped and randomly placed uncut stones or fist-sized tuff blocks inserted in a core of opus caementicium (Roman concrete).


transom window

(architecture) A window above a door or another window.


corbel table

(architecture) A horizontal row of corbels, with the panels or filling between them.


peripterous

From peri- + Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”) + -ous.

(architecture) Surrounded by a single row of columns.


pteron

From Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “feather, wing”).

uder

(architecture) A peristyle raised on a podium, differing from an ordinary peristyle raised only on a stylobate.


bed moulding

bed mouldings (plural)
bed molding (alternative)

(architecture) The moulding of a cornice immediately below the corona.


monopteros

From Latin monopteros, from Ancient Greek μονόπτερος (monópteros), from μονο- (mono-, “mono-”) + πτερόν (pterón, “wing; circle of columns”).

I leafed through the various boxes and drawers, staring sometimes for minutes on end at a star-shaped vault or diamond frieze, a hermitage, a monopteros or a mausoleum, without knowing what I was looking at or why.

2001, WG Sebald, translated by Anthea Bell, Austerlitz, Penguin, published 2011, page 199:

(architecture) A classical temple made up of one circle of columns supporting a roof.


fortochka

/ˈfɔːtət͡ʃkə/

From Russian фо́рточка (fórtočka), from German Pförtchen (“little door”), diminutive of Pforte (“gate”).

A small ventilation window, spanning the frame of one window pane, that opens on hinges independently of the whole window, common in Russia, other post-Soviet states and Finland.

օդանցք

small ventilation window spanning the frame of a window


ledgment

ledgments (plural)
ledgement (alternative)
legement (alternative)
ligement (alternative)

From Middle English legement; equivalent to ledge + -ment.

(architecture) A stringcourse or horizontal suit of mouldings, such as the base mouldings of a building.


peristasis

en-noun

peristasis (countable and uncountable, plural peristases)

(countable, architecture) A four-sided porch or hall of columns surrounding the cella in an Ancient Greek peripteros temple.


piend

…the hip-rafters being termed piend rafters.

1868, Villa and Cottage Architecture: Select Examples of Country and Suburban Residence Recently Erected. With a Full Descriptive Notice of Each Bulding …, Blackie & Son, page xii:

Figs. 119 to 135 illustrate various types of couples, ordinary, end, hip, and piend, used in the roof…

1900 February 23, “The Waverly Station at Edinburgh of the North British Railway.”, in Engineering: An Illustrated Weekly Journal, volumes LXIX — FROM JANUARY TO JUNE 1900, page 248:

Small but smart two-storey piend-roofed mansion-house built for the Robertsons of Auchleeks c. 1820.

2007, John Gifford, Perth and Kinross (The Buildings of Scotland; 10), Yale University Press, page 164:

(Scotland, architecture) The angle or edge formed where two surfaces meet. More specifically, the sloped edges of a pavilion or hip roof.


gable end

(architecture) The side of a building which is topped by a gable


hammer beam

hammer beams (plural)
hammer-beam (alternative)
hammerbeam (alternative)

(architecture) A (short) member of a kind of roof truss (a hammer-beam truss), so framed as not to have a tiebeam at the top of the wall. Each principal has two hammer beams, which occupy the situation, and to some extent serve the purpose, of a tiebeam.


muqarnas

muqarnas (plural muqarnases or muqarnas)

From Arabic مُقَرْنَص (muqarnaṣ) (passive participle of قَرْنِيص (qarnīṣ), from Ancient Greek κορωνίς (korōnís, “curved”)), or Persian مقرنس (moqarnas).

uder

(architecture) A type of corbel used for decoration in Islamic and Persian architecture.


panellation

(architecture) division of a feature into separate panels.


champe

(architecture) Alternative form of champ.


pricking-up

the First Coat, in plastering of two coat work, is denominated laying when on lath, and rendering when on brick; in three coat work upon lath it is denominated pricking up, and upon brick roughing in

1826, Joseph Gwilt, Rudiments of Architecture:

(architecture) The first coating of plaster in work of three coats upon laths; a scratch coat. Its surface is scratched once to form a better key for the next coat.


trochilus

en-noun

trochilus (plural trochiluses or trochili)

From Latin trochilus (“a kind of small bird”), from Ancient Greek τροχίλος (trokhílos), from τρέχω (trékhō, “to run”).

bor

(architecture) An annular moulding whose section is concave, like the edge of a pulley; a scotia.


baguet

(architecture, zoology) Alternative form of baguette.


cinter

(architecture) Alternative form of center.


streetwall

(architecture) One of the long side boundaries of a street, formed by buildings, hedges, etc.


pugging

en-noun

pugging (countable and uncountable, plural puggings)

(architecture) mortar etc. laid between the joists under the boards of a floor, or within a partition, to deaden sound.


mercy chair

(architecture) A small, ornately carved wooden protrusion in a cathedral wall, allowing a person to rest against it without actually sitting during long religious services.


cloister vault

(architecture) A vault resulting from the intersection of two barrel vaults crossing in a right angle. The angles of intersection are groins with projecting angles at the base, which die away at the summit.

kloostergewelf

structure created by intersection of vaults


groin vault

(architecture) A vault resulting from the intersection of two barrel-vaults crossing in a right angle. Its thrusts are concentrated along the groins or arrises and eventually at the four corners


double barrel vault

double barrel vault (plural double barrel vaults)


fanwork

fanwork (countable and uncountable, plural fanworks)

The chapel — a soaring, slender-shafted building, with fanwork upon its roof and an apse deep and pointed — seemed full of light, withal it was hung with black velvet.

1911, Maurice Hewlett, The Song of Renny, Charles Scribner's Son, 's (1911), page 389:

There were bits of a vaulted roof with panelled fanwork and moulded ribs, recalling the Henry VII Chapel at Westminster.

2008, Geoffrey Ashe, King Arthur's Avalon: The Story of Glastonbury, Sutton Press, published 2008, →ISBN, page 289:

Now the Grand High Witch removes her mask and wig: A hideous beak and a decrepit bodice of skin and bones, like the stone ceiling fanwork in a Gothic chamber, her blotchy scalp a moonscape fermenting cobwebs.

2008, Leonard Ginsberg, Rhapsody on a Film by Kurosawa, Trafford Publishing, published 2008, →ISBN, page 48:


planovolumetric

(architecture) Describing a space (or its representation) as a stratification of planes


balustrading

balustrading (countable and uncountable, plural balustradings)

(architecture) work including one or more balustrades


Trombe wall

Named after French engineer Félix Trombe.

A wall built on the winter sun side of a building with a glass external layer and a high mass internal layer separated by a layer of air, so as to absorb heat during sunlit hours of winter and slowly release it overnight.


bundle pillar

(architecture) A column or pier with others of smaller dimensions attached to it.


camber arch

(architecture) An arch whose intrados, though apparently straight, has a slightly concave curve upward.


camber beam

(architecture) A beam whose underside has a concave curve upward.


pellet moulding

pellet moulding (plural pellet mouldings)

(architecture) A narrow band ornamented with small flat disks.


Earthship

Earthships (plural)
earthship (alternative)
Earth ship (alternative)
earth-ship (alternative)
Earth-ship (alternative)

Compound of Earth + ship. In the architectural sense, coined by American architect Michael E. Reynolds.

coinage

If you like the idea of building an Earthship, but can't, perhaps because your neighbors would hang you by your toes from a tree, or if you don't like the appearance of an Earthship but like many of its features, don't despair.

2000, Daniel D. Chiras, The Natural House, page 118:

In 1969, Reynolds moved to Taos, New Mexico, where he began building homes out of the junk he could find lying around. He continues to live today in an Earthship community he founded in the outskirts of Taos.

2011, Eric Corey Freed, Green Building & Remodeling For Dummies, page 191:

(architecture) A solar-heated house made of natural and recycled materials, such as earth-filled tyres.


sipapu

A small hole or indentation in the floor of a kiva, symbolizing the portal through which the ancient ancestors emerged into the world.


batement light

(architecture) A window or one division of a window having vertical sides, but with the sill not horizontal, as where it follows the rake of a staircase.


cavaedium

(architecture) The central hall or court within an Ancient Roman house.


archivolted

(architecture) Furnished with archivolts.


counterfacade

counterfacades (plural)
counter-façade (alternative)

(architecture) An inner wall of a church's facade.


tail in

en-verb

tail in (third-person singular simple present tails in, present participle tailing in, simple past and past participle tailed in)

tails in (present singular third-person)
tailing in (participle present)
tailed in (participle past)
tailed in (past)

to tail in a timber

(transitive, architecture) To fasten by one of the ends into a wall or some other support.


corps de logis

Unadapted borrowing from French corps de logis (literally “body of the house”).

ubor

(architecture) The principal mass of a building, excluding the wings.


straining piece

en-noun

straining piece (plural straining pieces)

(architecture) A short piece of timber in a truss, used to maintain the ends of struts or rafters and keep them from slipping; straining beam.


key up

en-verb

key up (third-person singular simple present keys up, present participle keying up, simple past and past participle keyed up)

keys up (present singular third-person)
keying up (participle present)
keyed up (participle past)
keyed up (past)

(architecture, transitive) To raise (the whole ring of an arch) off its centering, by driving in the keystone forcibly.


bench table

(architecture) A projecting course at the base of a building, or round a pillar, sufficient to form a seat.


collar beam

(architecture) A horizontal piece of timber connecting and tying together two opposite rafters.


low side window

en-noun

low side window (plural low side windows)

(architecture) A type of window that is generally narrow, near the ground, and not aligned with the rows of windows, commonly found in medieval churches.


chhatri

Borrowed from Hindi छतरी (chatrī, “umbrella, canopy”).

They were close to the promontory of the tombs, and had looked straight into the chhatri of the Rajah's father through an opening in the trees.

1924, EM Forster, A Passage to India, Penguin, published 2005, page 298:

(India) An elevated dome-shaped pavilion in Indian architecture.


baradari

baradaris (plural)
bara dari (alternative)
barahdari (alternative)
barah dari (alternative)

From Hindi बारादरी (bārādrī) and Urdu بارہ دری (bārɘdɘrī), from बारह (bārah) and بارہ (bārā, bārah, “twelve”) + दर (dar) and دَر (dar, “door”).

der

Urdu بارہ دری (bārɘdɘrī)

(South Asia) A boxy building with twelve doors designed for free flow of air and excellent acoustics; similar buildings and pavilions with similar sets of openings.


e.e.

(architecture) Abbreviation of Early English, a style of English Gothic architecture.


staff angle

(architecture) A square rod of wood standing flush with the wall on each of its sides, at the external angles of plastering, to prevent their being damaged.


jack timber

(architecture) Any timber, such as a rafter, rib, or studding, which, being intercepted, is shorter than the others.


pulpulak

A public fountain with potable water, common in Armenia.


Craftsman

Of an architectural style prominent in the United States in the early 20th century.


Colonial Revival

Of an American architectural style that hearkens back to the architecture prominent in the United States when it was settled by the English, Spanish and Dutch.


Googie

From Googie's Coffee Shop, name of a now-defunct coffee shop in West Hollywood, from the nickname of the original owner's wife.

This is one of those 60s Googie-style structures—faded space-age futuristic. Young Mexicans dry the cars by hand.

2005, Vince Gilligan, “Pilot”, in Breaking Bad (script):

Its West Coast culture was open to bucking tradition, which fed into the sudden popularity of the Googie style. With its bold and ultramodern diagonal lines, bright signs, boomerangs, and cantilevered extensions, Googie was the look of the future.

2012, Jenny Jones, The Big Lebowski, Voyageur Press, →ISBN, page 69:

Thirty miles north of CosMc’s, the McDonald’s No 1 Store Museum once stood, a replica of the company’s stunning post-war sci fi Googie architecture that CosMc’s’ retro-details barely hold a candle to.

2023 December 14, Pearse Anderson, “‘Lonely, gray and being actively colonized by corporations’: we tried the McDonald’s spinoff, CosMc’s”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

Of a style of futurist modern American commercial architecture, popular from the 1950s to the early 1970s.


pick dressing

(architecture) In cut stonework, a facing made by a pointed tool, leaving the surface in little pits or depressions.


angle leaf

(architecture) A detail in the form of a leaf, more or less conventionalized, used to decorate and sometimes to strengthen an angle.


angle bead

(architecture) A bead worked on or fixed to the angle of any architectural work, especially for protecting an angle of a wall.


deck floor

(architecture) A floor which also serves as a roof, as of a belfry or balcony.


bell deck

(architecture) The floor of a belfry, made to serve as a roof to the rooms below.


dead wall

(architecture) A blank wall unbroken by windows or other openings.


angle shaft

(architecture) An enriched angle bead, often having a capital or base, or both.


bell cot

bell cots (plural)
bellcot (alternative)
bellcote (alternative)

(architecture) A small or subsidiary construction, frequently corbelled out from the walls of a structure, and used to contain and support one or more bells.


picture window

The atmosphere of the second-class open coach is spacious and here the wide picture windows are going to make travel especially enjoyable.

1964 July, Mary Allen, “A Woman's View of the New Coaches”, in Modern Railways, page 9:

A large fixed window in a wall, with few or no glazing bars, providing an unimpeded view.


tetrastylon

A kind of cavaedium supported by columns placed at the four angles of the impluvium.


testudinatum

A small cavaedium with another floor built above it.


Tuscanicum

A kind of cavaedium in which the roof timbers are framed together so as to leave a central open space (the compluvium) to admit light.


spear closet

(architecture, slang) A small irregular space left by the building of other rooms in a structure.


apsidole

apsidoles (plural)
absidiole (alternative)
apsidiole (alternative)

(architecture) A minor apse at the end of a side aisle in a church.


Scottish Baronial

(architecture) Of a style of architecture with its origins in the 16th century, drawing on the features of medieval castles, tower houses and the châteaux of the French Renaissance.


jharokha

jharokhas (plural)
jharoka (alternative)

The gatehouse survives still as a witness to this grandeur: with its Dholpur sandstone façade, its delicate jharokha balconies and its fine fish-tail mouldings it is still a magnificent sight.

1993, William Dalrymple, City of Djinns, Penguin, published 2004, page 56:

In Dhaka, Islam Khan built a scaled-down replica of Jahangir's imperial court, complete with a jharokhā.

1996, Richard Maxwell Eaton, The Rise of Islam and the Bengal Frontier, 1204-1760, page 160:

They watch him from their jharokhas when he leaves the Atithi Palace in smartly tailored white clothes, bottlegreen or pink sash around his waist and a fancy saafa on his head.

1997, Kiran Nagarkar, Cuckold, HarperCollins, published 2013, page 84:

Apart from residential buildings, jharokhas were incorporated into temples, mosques, Jain derasars or temples and step-wells, where they served as ornamentation to a building's elevation, functioned as shaded openings to let in air and light, and provided seating spaces on their ledges for a view of the world outside.

2011, Achyut Yagnik, Ahmedabad: From Royal city to Megacity:

(architecture) A type of enclosed overhanging balcony in Indian architecture.


Dubaization

(architecture) The process of urbanizing a city with futuristic, pioneering architecture.


supermodernism

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-supermodernism.wav

Ibelings has termed the formal vocabulary of these architecturally interesting airports and of other similar large-scale works "supermodernism." Instead of taking an interest in the contextual and historical factors of architecture (as in the 70s and 80s), supermodernism is characterized by a susceptibility to categories like the neutral, the indistinct, or the implicit.

1999, The Urban Condition: Space, Community, and Self in the Contemporary Metropolis:

As Hans lbelings describes in his provocatively titled study Supermodernism, among a small but influential group of contemporary architects what almost amounts to a new form of 'international style' has found renewed validation in the commercial nation of the global brand.

2004, Kevin Nute, Place, Time, and Being in Japanese Architecture, page 4:

Marc Augé and Hans Ibelings are the influential emergent critics of what has come to be called "supermodernism"; see, respectively, Augé, Non-Places: Introduction to an Anthropology of Supermodernity (Verso, 1995), and Ibelings, Supermodernism: Architecture in the Age of Globalization (NAI, 1998).

2008, Mark Kingwell, Concrete Reveries: Consciousness and the City:

(architecture) An architectural style following modernism and postmodernism, promoted by Hans Ibelings.


chain tie

(architecture) A tie consisting of a series of connected iron bars or rods.


periptery

From peri- + Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”).

(architecture) A building surrounded by a wing or row of columns.


overslay

From Middle English overslay, oversleie, from Old English ofersleġe, oferslæġe (“lintel”), equivalent to over- + slay.


engaged column

(architecture) A column embedded in a wall and partly projecting from the surface of the wall


cove molding

(architecture) Any molding that has a concave shape.


neo-historicism

neo-historism (alternative)
neo-Historism (alternative)
Neo-Historism (alternative)
neo-Historicism (alternative)
Neo-Historicism (alternative)

(philosophy, art, architecture) A movement that draws inspiration from classical historicism


vimana

(architecture) The tower above the garbhagriha in a Hindu temple.


crowstepped

a crowstepped gable


putlock

(architecture) Alternative form of putlog.


lavatorium

en-noun

lavatorium (plural lavatoriums or lavatoria)

Borrowed from Late Latin lavātōrium. Doublet of lavatory.

Particularly, (architecture) the communal washing area in a monastery.


tierceron

/ˈtɪə(ɹ)səɹɒn/

From French tierceron, from tierce (“third”) + -eron.

It would carry us too far from our subject to trace the consequences of the introduction of the tierceron; it must suffice to say that it immediately affected the curvature and the moulding of the vaulting ribs and the composition of the springer.

1901, Thomas Lennox Watson, The double choir of Glasgow Cathedral: a study of rib vaulting, page 92:

(architecture) A type of rib in Gothic vaulting, springing from the intersection of two other ribs.


antefixa

(architecture) Alternative form of antefix.


umbrello

umbrello (plural umbrellos or umbrelloes)

(architecture) An outdoor structure providing shade above a seat.


newell

(architecture) Alternative form of newel.


monostyle

a monostyle temple


monopile

Rock boulders have been placed around the bases of monopile offshore wind turbines to prevent erosion or scour of soft sediments, and they subsequently were found to create nursery habitat for commercially important fishery species.

2015 September 3, “Impacts from Partial Removal of Decommissioned Oil and Gas Platforms on Fish Biomass and Production on the Remaining Platform Structure and Surrounding Shell Mounds”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

A foundation consisting of a single, generally large-diameter, structural element that supports the entire load of a large above-surface structure.


lisena

(architecture) A pilaster with very slight projections.


luminarium

luminarium (plural luminariums or luminaria)

Exxopolis is the first luminarium to be mainly designed on computer and the new technology has permitted a very-wide ranging experiment.

Each luminarium is an original design. The principal difference between the different luminaria is found in the rendering of the domes and in the layout of the tunnels.

(architecture) A walk-in sculpture designed as an artistic display of light and color.


ataurique

Completing the decoration are stylized ataurique motifs distinguished by asymmetrical leaves.

1992, Jerrilynn D Dodds (Ed.), Al-Andalus: The Art of Islamic Spain, page 109:

The profusion of ataurique throughout the palaces reminds us of their interdependence with the gardens that they frame or look out upon.

2004, Robert Irwin, The Alhambra, Profile Books, published 2005, page 122:

The use in art or architecture of a repeating decorative motif consisting of a vegetal or floral pattern, especially as formerly practised in Islamic Spain and North Africa.


ressaut

(architecture) A projection in an entablature.


Corinthian order

Corinthian order (plural Corinthian orders)

(architecture) One of the three canonical classical orders of pillars, describing sleek pillars with foliate capitols and small volutes.

korinthoszi oszloprend

one of the three canonical classical orders of pillars


epinaos

From Ancient Greek ἐπι- (epi-) and ναός (naós).

(architecture) An open vestibule behind the nave, differentiated from the opisthodomos.


forebuilding

(architecture, historical) An outer defense work of a castle used to protect the entrance to the keep.

(architecture) Any projecting construction; forepart.


ruin value

(architecture) The concept of designing a building such that it will leave behind aesthetically pleasing and long-lasting ruins.


voussoiring

(architecture) Work made with voussoirs.


gatepier

(architecture) Either of the pair of piers or pillars supporting a gate.


arrière-voussure

(architecture) An arch behind a door or window.


butterfly door

(architecture) A door which pivots on a central axis, used in locations with a pressure differential between the two sides of the door, so that forces exhibited do not inhibit opening and closing of the door, due to contrary action of forces on the two halves of the door which open inwards and outwards at the same time.


bangalo

Borrowed from Gujarati બંગલો (baṅglo, “Bengali”), referring to the Bengali-style house. Doublet of bungalow.

The Ambassador's bangalo stood at the base of a mountain covered with jungle, of which he had a portion cleared to provide a promenade.

1946, Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Ceylon Branch, Colombo, Journal of the Ceylon Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society:

Opinions differ, however, as to whether this particular type of indigenous structure, the real bangalo or common hut, was the prototype for the modified version produced by, or for, the early European immigrant to India.

1973, AAQ, Architectural Association Quarterly - Volume 5, page 10:

There are inter-war bungalows, and they, too, have their parentage, tracing a genealogy to that Indian roadside hostel, the bangalo, the Gujerati meaning simply 'of Bengal'.

2015, Fiona Farrell, The Villa at the Edge of the Empire, →ISBN, page 265:

A precursor of the bungalow, built in India for or by western immigrants.


sharawadgi

Possibly from the Japanese shara'aji or share'aji (洒落味、しゃれ味). The word was first published 1690 in a work by English statesman and essayist Sir William Temple, 1st Baronet (1628–1699) (see quotation), who claimed it was of Chinese origin, but scholars agree that this is incorrect. Temple following his own enthusiasm for China, took the literary model of introducing "the Chineses" (sic) as his spokesmen.

Sharawadgi (alternative)
sharawaggi (alternative)

Among us, the Beauty of Building and Planting is placed chiefly in ſome certain Proportions, Symmetries, or Uniformities; our Walks and our Trees ranged ſo, as to anſwer one another, and at exact Distances. The Chineſes ſcorn this way of Planting, […] their greateſt Reach of Imagination, is employed in contriving Figures, where the Beauty ſhall be great, and ſtrike the Eye, but without any Order or Diſpoſition of Parts, that ſhall be commonly or eaſily obſerv'd. And though we have hardly any Notion of this ſort of Beauty, yet they have a particular Word to expreſs it; and where they find it hit their Eye at firſt Sight, they ſay the Sharawadgi is fine or is admirable, or any ſuch Expreſſion of Eſteem.

1690, William Temple, “Upon the Gardens of Epicurus; or of Gardening in the Year 1685”, in Miscellanea: In Four Essays. I. Upon Ancient and Modern Learning. II. Upon the Gardens of Epicurus. III. Upon Heroick Virtue. IV. Upon Poetry, London: Printed by T. M. for Ri[chard] and Ra[lph] Simpson, at the sign of the harp in St. Pauls-Church-Yard, OCLC 643613891, page 58; republished as Miscellanea. The Second Part. In Four Essays. I. Upon Antient and Modern Learning. II. Upon the Gardens of Epicurus. III. Upon Heroick Virtue. IV. Upon Poetry, 5th edition, London: Printed for Ri[chard] Simpson at the Three Trouts, and Ra[lph] Simpson at the Harp in St. Paul's Church-Yard, 1705, OCLC 476085354, pages 129–130

Long before the close of the seventeenth century, there was a fascination with "Sharawadgi" (a word supposedly derived from Chinese), a type of design that accented the wild, the surprising, the irregular.

1975, Peter Thorpe, Eighteenth Century English Poetry, Chicago, Ill.: Nelson-Hall, →OCLC, page 113:

Temple's word for this style is "sharawadgi"; it is the deliberate arrangement of form to create particular vistas, which also imply particular sites or points of view from which those vistas perfect themselves. But as [Horace] Walpole adapts Temple's reflections, first in his own treatise on gardening, and later in his thoughts on architecture, sharawadgi is the organization of a series of such views.

2008, Sean Riley Silver, “Horace Walpole's Strawberry Hill”, in The Curatorial Imagination in England, 1660–1752 (unpublished Ph.D. in English dissertation), Los Angeles, Calif.: University of California, Los Angeles, →OCLC, page 360:

The kind of Scots we used was messy; it was going into all sorts of odd lexical corners and stirring these up with four-letter words. It was a kind of "sharawaggi", an absolute mixture. This didn't go down well.

2009, Attila Dósa, Robert Crawford, “Robert Crawford: The Emphatic Soul”, in Beyond Identity: New Horizons in Modern Scottish Poetry (Scottish Cultural Review of Language and Literature; 13), Amsterdam, New York, N.Y.: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 84:

There are no further ebullient accounts in [Horace] Walpole's letters of Chinese bridges and temples and the glories of sharawadgi, and he never moved forward with a proposed Chinese house at Strawberry Hill for which [Richard] Bentley had provided a plan.

2010, David Porter, “Horace Walpole and the Gothic Repudiation of Chinoiserie”, in The Chinese Taste in Eighteenth-century England, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 122:

For many, oriental asymmetry was a liberation, and sharawaggi became a cult term of praise when talking about everything from ceramics to buildings.

2010, Philip Wilkinson, 50 Architecture Ideas You Really Need to Know, London: Quercus, →ISBN:

(historical or obsolete) A style of landscape gardening or architecture in which rigid lines and symmetry are avoided in favour of an organic appearance.

Forty Scenes of the Yuanmingyuan
Old Summer Palace
Peter Lely
Qianlong Emperor
Sir William Temple, 1st Baronet


foreshoot

The sketch inclosed is for a barn 42 x 34 feet with 8 feet foreshoot and the same back shed.

1890, Carpentry and Building - Volume 12, page 81:

When they drove along under the "foreshoot" the horse lurched sideways and the front wheel caught behind a fence post.

1969, The Casselman Chronicle - Volumes 9-17, page 20:

(architecture) An overhang created by an upper level cantilevered over the lower level of a barn; forebay.


quoined

a quoined chimney-stack

Half-columns of enriched Doric and a stuccoed and channelled blind arcade frame the shopfront, with plain brick upper floors embellished by quoined strips and a deep bracketed parapet.

2005, Christine Casey, Dublin: The City Within the Grand and Royal Canals and the Circular Road with the Phoenix Park:


crossmember

crossmembers (plural)
cross-member (alternative)

(architecture) A transverse structural support.


cleithral

(architecture) Having a roof that forms a complete covering.


allied arts

[The Committee on Allied Arts] hopes that the Committee on Publicity and the Journal of the Institute may be instructed to spread abroad, as a fundamental Institute principle, the belief that sympathetic, intelligent collaboration among the allied arts is, and always has been, the only sure road to a worthy architecture in any age or any land.

1914, Thomas Kimball, “Journal of the American Institute of Architects, Volume 2”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), American Institute of Architects:

(architecture) The decorative arts as applied to buildings.


tetrapylon

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τετράπυλον (tetrápulon, literally “four gates”). Observable as tetra- + pylon.

bor

(architecture) A Roman-style cubic structure with a gate on each of its four sides.


tetrakionion

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τετρακιόνιον (tetrakiónion).

τετρακιόνιον

(architecture) A type of tetrapylon in which the central crossing is not roofed, and the four corner-markers exist as four separate structures, not connected overhead.


pisalis

(architecture) Synonym of calefactory: the room holding an abbey, convent, or monastery's communal fire.


common house

(architecture, obsolete) The calefactory: the site of the common fire of a medieval monastery.


gingerbread office

en-noun

gingerbread office (plural gingerbread offices)

From gingerbread (“in its figurative use as ersatz or unpleasant”) + office (“place to fulfill one's obligations; place of business”)

Morley: A year and a half ago I stumbled into your gingerbread office, a lost, frightened soul in terrified flight across the great yawning terror of doubt—a human being, in short!—and you chanted some hagridden formulas and danged some fylfots...

The conversion of an old bungalow into a "gingerbread office" has brought to life a 13-year dream of mine.

1975, Dental Survey, volume 51, page 92:

(architecture) An office in the gingerbread Victorian style.


curtain wall

(architecture) The non-load-bearing outer skin of a modern building.


gingerbreaded

en-adj

gingerbreaded (comparative more gingerbreaded, superlative most gingerbreaded)

more gingerbreaded (comparative)
most gingerbreaded (superlative)

(architecture) Ornamented in the gingerbread style.


tray ceiling

(architecture) A tray-shaped recess in a ceiling.


airshoot

Each transformer has a sheet-iron case, connected to an airshoot which discharges the warm air outside the building.

1914, The Electrical Review - Volume 74, page 764:

As to the first idea — a new polyester outlet is to replace the present ugly, heavy, dirty-looking airshoot for putting into portholes for greater ventilation now made of tin or galvanized iron like this at which point he drew a diagram).

1978, Susanna Hoe, The Man who Gave His Company Away: A Biography of Ernest Bader, Founder of the Scott Bader Commonwealth, page 147:

Its special characteristic is that the mihrab has three airshoots leading air into windows.

1982, Ahmad Hasan Dani, Thatta: Islamic Architecture, page 187:

Squatting in offices and businesses, invading the rafters and airshoots of an increasingly and overly built environment — pigeons show that they can survive anywhere.

2013, Joe Kerr, Andrew Gibson, London From Punk to Blair, page 187:

(architecture) A channel for providing ventilation.


megaform

megaforms (plural)
mega form (alternative)

(architecture) A series of buildings linked by a physical framework


earthquake baroque

(architecture) A style of architecture found in regions such as the Philippines and Guatemala, where large public buildings were rebuilt in the baroque style after destructive earthquakes.


Pombaline

Named after Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, the first Marquês de Pombal, who was instrumental in reconstructing Lisbon after the earthquake of 1755.

(architecture) Of or relating to a Portuguese architectural style of the 18th century, with neoclassical buildings on streets laid out according to a grid.


artist's impression

en-noun

artist's impression (plural artists' impressions)

(art, architecture) A sketch or drawing of someone or something, produced when it is not possible to take a photograph.

Ideenskizze

if of something planned but not realized


tetrastoon

From Ancient Greek τετράστῳον (tetrástōion), from neuter of τετράστῳος (tetrástōios, “having four porticoes”) from Ancient Greek τετράς (tetrás, “four”) + στοά (stoá, “portico, colonnade”).

Adjoining the tetrastoon to the south is a structure known as the Theater Baths, originally constructed in the late second century A.D. or early in the following century.

1997, John Freely, The Western Mediterranean Coast of Turkey, page 27:

A four-sided colonnade, typically enclosing a courtyard


tulou

zh-m

土樓／土楼 (tǔlóu)

A fortified Chinese rural dwelling made from earth, unique to the Hakka in the mountainous areas in southeastern Fujian.


araeosystyle

(architecture) An arrangement of columns that alternates between araeostyle and systyle.


cornicing

en-noun

cornicing (countable and uncountable, plural cornicings)


dougong

(architecture) A structural element consisting of interlocking wooden brackets as used in traditional Chinese architecture.


funeral door

From funeral + door from being a door used for funerals.

(US, architecture) a door to the hall or foyer from the parlor to allow for the movement of caskets; from the time when the wealthy would host their wakes and funerals in their own homes. It is a supplementary door to the main doors of the front parlor. The funeral door existed to allow for the dead to move through doors without needing to use the doorways used by the living.

death door

an exterior door not connected to exterior stairs or walkways, for use in moving corpses into and out of a house


death door

From death + door from being a door used for the dead.

(US, architecture) a door to the outside from the parlor or hall to allow for the movement of the dead; from the time when the wealthy would host their wakes and funerals in their own homes. It is a supplementary door to the main doors of the home, unconnected from exterior stairs or walkways. The death door existed to allow for the dead to move through doors without needing to use the doorways used by the living.


church tower

church towers (plural)
churchtower (alternative)


hanging rail

(architecture) a rail of a door or casement to which hinges are attached


hanging stile

Hook joints must be worked on the side of one of the front sash stiles, and on the shutting stile of the side sash, the airtight bead being formed on the hanging stile.

2013, Paul N. Hasluck, Building Model Boats - Including Sailing and Steam Vessels:

(architecture) That stile of a door to which hinges are secured.

(architecture) The upright of a window frame to which casements are hinged, or in which the pulleys for sash windows are fastened.


court of honor

courts of honor (plural)
Court of Honor (alternative)
court of honour (alternative)
COH (alternative)


earthscraper

/ˈɝθˌskɹeɪp.ɚ/

By Vox! We went down all right. Spacious rooms were here piled one upon another connected by wide staircases. This subterranean temple was rather like an inverted skyscraper, an earthscraper, perhaps.

2008, Alan Burt Akers, Gangs of Antares: Dray Prescot 45:

So then I dreamed up a subterranean skyscraper (or,if you will, an earthscraper) with various floors, each of them constituting a different infernal abode;

2014, Leopoldo Marechal, Adam Buenosayres: A Novel:

The earthscraper burst from the tunnel into daylight, sparks trailing. Elara turned hard against the wheel, corrected itstrajectory and spun one hundred and eighty degrees into a brigade of sentinels their weapons drawn.

(science fiction, architecture) A building that is built underground; a subterranean skyscraper.


seascraper

"I'm going to build a seascraper. Those don't exist yet." Paul looked at me, totally amazed that I had uttered such a long sentence.

2013, Antonia Michaelis, The Secret Room:

Niki gestured for her AI to once again allow communications to come through from the outside world, something she'd turned off for the duration of her visits with the occupants of the seascraper.

2014, Colin Wright, Real Powers: Trilogy:

Soon the printer head is going to move so fast all you'll see is a blur. As that capability expands, we can create more ambitious projects, whether it's the FLIP or the seascraper." What does Chris mean by "seascraper"?

2017, Joe Quirk, Seasteading: How Floating Nations Will Restore the Environment, Enrich the Poor, Cure the Sick, and Liberate Humanity from Politicians:

(science fiction, architecture) A tall building that is built underwater; an underwater skyscraper.


antefixum

(architecture) Alternative form of antefix.


matroneum

matronea (plural)
matronaeum (alternative)

(architecture) A gallery on the interior of a building, originally intended to accommodate women.


Wrenaissance

Blend of Wren + Renaissance, in reference to Christopher Wren, known for his work in the English Baroque style.

Truth to tell, most of the buildings that make up the Edwardian Wrenaissance have little to do with Wren.

2001, Adrian Tinniswood, His Invention So Fertile : A Life of Christopher Wren, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 375:

The reason for all this quarrying is not the discovery of a coal-rich seam beneath the Wrenaissance streets, but the local enthusiasm for subterranean development.

2012 November 9, Oliver Wainwright, “Billionaires' basements: the luxury bunkers making holes in London streets”, in The Guardian:

(architecture) A style of Baroque revival architecture popular in England from the turn of the 20th century.

Christopher Wren
English Baroque architecture


orthostyle

(architecture) A straight line of columns.


hoodmould

hoodmoulds (plural)
hood-mould (alternative)
hoodmold (alternative)

It is of four lights, with the superior mouldings continuing through the central mullion, and it has a drop arch over it with moulded hood and jambs; two corbel heads remain under the hoodmould but much mutilated.

1846, John Henry Parker, A Guide to the Architectural Antiquities in the Neighbourhood of Oxford, pages 306–307:

At the east end of the aisle is a recess with a segmented arch decorated with chevron and enclosed with a hoodmould.

1998, David Rollason, Margaret Harvey, Michael Prestwich, Anglo-Norman Durham 1093–1193, →ISBN, page 216:

It was decided to restore the full architectural form of the hoodmould so that it might once again perform its intended function.

2013, Michael Forsyth, editor, Materials and Skills for Historic Building Conservation, →ISBN:

(architecture) The outermost moulding which protrudes out of a wall over an archway (over the hood of a door, window or other opening), for decoration or the cover transitions between surfaces, and to discharge rain; a dripstone.


dentilled

en-adj

dentilled (comparative more dentilled, superlative most dentilled)

more dentilled (comparative)
most dentilled (superlative)

The same too may be said of the dentilled ornament in the archivolt of the top.

1882, Moritz Thausing, Albert Dürer: His Life and Work, volume 2, page 28:

A series of simple architrave mouldings framed the fireplace opening, and above was a carved frieze and a dentilled cornice on carved consoles.

1963, Survey of London: The Parish of St. James Westminster, volumes 29-30, page 530:

The southern side has a cornice at second floor level and both have a top cornice which is dentilled at the left and on the near central tower.

2016, Steve Ellwood, Newcastle in 50 Buildings, →ISBN:


stilted arch

(architecture) An arch that does not spring directly from the impost, but from horizontal courses of masonry resting on it.


supercanopy

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-supercanopy.wav

(architecture) An upper arch or gable above a lesser or lower one.


exposed services

(architecture) A building's functional ductwork, pipes, etc. when left visible and readily accessible rather than e.g. concealed above a suspended ceiling.


Isabelline

Borrowed from Spanish isabelino. Equivalent to Isabella + -ine.

A little later the focus shifted to Valladolid and became increasingly florid—the Isabelline style—reaching its most extreme in the facades of San Pablo and the Colegio San Gregorio.

2004, Simon Baskett, The Rough Guide to Spain, Rough Guides, →ISBN, page 1051:

The salient characteristics of Isabelline architecture include the use of extravagant formal elements such as helicoidal columns and mixtilinear arches with complete disregard of their tectonic or constructive function in the building, and profuse display of high-relief ornamentation in stone, especially heraldic symbols.

2005, Alejandro Lapunzina, Architecture of Spain, Greenwood Publishing Group, →ISBN, page xlviii:

(architecture) Of a style of Spanish Gothic architecture that flourished under Isabella I of Castile.


relieving arch

en-noun

relieving arch (plural relieving arches)

(architecture) An arch in a wall to relieve the part below it from a superincumbent weight.


ditriglyph

(architecture) A space for two triglyphs in the entablature between columns.


ditriglyphic

How intercolumniation is regulated in the Doric Order has been already explained at page 20: in that, the distances between the columns is governed entirely by the triglyphs of the frieze, so that there can be no medium between monotriglyphic and ditriglyphic intercolumniation, accordingly as there is either one or two triglyphs over each intercolumn.

1852, William Henry Leeds, Rudimentary Architecture. The orders and their æsthetic principles:


lantern tower

(architecture) A tower built over the junction of the nave and transept of a cruciform church.


dancette

Apparently from a scribal error for French or Middle French denché, from Old French denché, dansié, from Latin dens (“tooth”).

(architecture) The chevron or zigzag moulding common in Romanesque architecture.


rudented

(architecture, rare) Adorned with rudenture.


balustered

From baluster + -ed. Influnenced by Italian balaustrato or French balustrée.

The Court below is formd into a Squar by a Corridor, having over the chiefe Entrance a stately Cupola cover’d with stone, the rest is cloysterd & arch’d on Pillasters of rustique-worke; The Tarace ascending before the Front, pav’d with white & black marble is balustred about with white marble exquisitely polish’d:

1644, John Evelyn, edited by Esmond Samuel De Beer, The diary of John Evelyn, volume 2, IRL Press at Oxford University Press, published 2003, page 129:

(obsolete, 17th century, architecture) Having one or more balusters.


scuncheon

scuncheons (plural)
sconchion (alternative)
scoinson (alternative)
scontion (alternative)
scuntion (alternative)
esconson (alternative)

(architecture) The portion of a wall exposed by an opening in a wall such as a window or door frame, when the window frame does not conceal the entire width of the wall.


alfiz

Borrowed from Spanish alfiz, from Andalusian Arabic [Term?], from Arabic حَيِّز (ḥayyiz).

(architecture) In Mozarabic architecture, moulding which encloses the outward side of an arch.


tholobate

(architecture) The substructure on which a dome or cupola rests.


neo-Gothic

neogothic (alternative)
Neogothic (alternative)

Of the known styles that signal boxes referred to, neo-Gothic was a favourite - especially in the points of locking room windows, and particularly on the Great Northern Railway.

2021 October 20, Dr Joseph Brennan, “A key part of our diverse railway heritage”, in RAIL, number 942, page 54:

(architecture, literature) Of or relating to a more recent iteration of a Gothic style.

neogòtic

of or relating to iteration of Gothic style


gable window

(architecture) A window in the gable end of a building.

(architecture) A window with its upper part shaped like a gable.


interfenestration

(architecture) The space between windows.


ajimez

(architecture) A bifora, in Spanish Moorish architecture.


extradosed

an extradosed bridge


gabling

gabling (countable and uncountable, plural gablings)


Vitruvian scroll

Vitruvian scroll (plural Vitruvian scrolls)

(architecture) A scroll pattern used in borders and architectural mouldings, resembling waves in water or a series of parchment scrolls viewed on end.


Early English

(architecture, historical) Of a style of Gothic architecture that lasted from the late 12th century until midway through the 13th century, superseding the Romanesque or Norman style and developing into the Decorated Gothic style.


headmold

Arches above the windows outlined with double courses of raised scrollwork headmolds, edged in gold. Walls plastered smoothly and painted a light shade of buff. Intricately stenciled frescoes in muted shades of brown and rust to encircle the ...

1993, Retta Lou Weber, Gayle Weber Strange, Lively stones: a history of the people who built First Presbyterian Church, Galveston, Texas, 1840-1990:


overhanger

(architecture) One of the bricks forming an overhang.


office floor plate

office floor plate (plural office floor plates)

(architecture) The space available for use by commercial tenants within an office building.


pavilion roof

(architecture) A roof sloping equally on all sides.


hanok

(architecture) A type of traditional Korean house first designed and built in the 14th century during the Joseon Dynasty.


cul-de-four

From French cul-de-four, literally "bottom of the oven".

(architecture) A sort of low spherical vault, oven-like.


surbasement

(architecture) The trait of any arch or vault that describes a portion of an ellipse.


parabema

(architecture) In Byzantine ecclesiastical architecture, the chapel of the prothesis or the diaconicon, or sacristy, where divided by walls from the bema or sanctuary.


dragon gate

From dragon + gate.
From Cantonese 龍門 /龙门 (lung⁴ mun⁴).

(Hong Kong, architecture) An architectural design feature to allow for concordance with the philosophy of feng shui, a portal that allows dragons to flow through structures, by leaving an empty hole through a building.


cage home

From cage + home.
From Cantonese 籠屋 /笼屋 (lung⁴ uk¹), from being a home set in a cage.

(Hong Kong, architecture) A subdivision of an apartment/tenement/flat's rooms into separate living spaces of stacked cages, big enough to fit a bed and hold one's belongings.


dipteros

(architecture) A building with double peristyle or colonnade.


springline

(architecture) Alternative form of spring line.


neofuturism

From neo- + future + -ism or neo- + futurism.

The avant-garde (with the prefix "post," naturally) is represented primarily by conceptualism (there have also been attempts at neofuturism, but their prospects are dim).

1992, Russian Studies in Literature, volume 29, page 91:

Indeed we changed it to neofuturism and so forth, but in fact that was not it.

1998, Stephen C. Foster, The Eastern Dada Orbit, →ISBN, page 116:

David Gerstein (1944–), a Jerusalem artist, has evolved a pictorial, multistyled virtuosity in sculpture that repeats itself in highly colorful cutouts (of wood or iron), displaying an optimistic, decorative neofuturism.

1998, Gideon Ofrat, One Hundred Years of Art in Israel, page 300:

His neofuturism and his heavy use of catenary curves obviously owe something to his father's neofuturism and use of catenary curves, but in the son's aesthetic they feel completely different, and are one foot shorter.

2016, Adam Ehrlich Sachs, Inherited Disorders: Stories, Parables & Problems, →ISBN, page 100:

Reviewing material made accessible through the Archigram Archival Project hosted by the University of Westminster and the Cedric Price Collection held at the Canadian Centre for Architecture, this chapter examines some of the key expressions of neo-futurism captured by these 1960s,^([sic]) designs.

2019, Zoë Hendon, Anne Massey, editors, Design, History and Time: New Temporalities in a Digital Age, Bloomsbury, →ISBN, page 131:

An artistic movement in the late 20th and early 21st century that was more optimistic in tone than postmodernism.


Romano-Byzantine

(architecture) Of or relating to an early medieval style of architecture in which Byzantine and Western elements are combined.


tabernacle work

(architecture) Ornamental work over niches, stalls, etc. with canopies and pinnacles, or any work having these as a characteristic feature.


vernacular architecture

vernacular architecture (countable and uncountable, plural vernacular architectures)

Vernacular architecture scholars have increasingly studied the products of automobile tourism, although often with a wink of the eye or with tongue planted in cheek.

2000, Michael Ann Williams, Larry Morrisey, “Chapter 9: Constructions of Tradition: Vernacular Architecture, Country Music, and Auto-Ethnography”, in Sally Ann McMurry, Annmarie Adams, editors, People, Power, Places, University of Tennessee Press, page 161:

To be bathed in, however, the sea also had to be entered, and Western countries developed a range of alternative vernacular architectures designed to provide access to the ocean.

2006, Fred Gray, Designing the Seaside: Architecture, Society and Nature, Reaktion Books, page 147:

The first challenge to encounter, when addressing a comprehensive understanding of the vernacular architecture problematic, is to try to understand the etymological sense and the epistemological mean of the term. This paper intends to approach the evolution of the ‘vernacular architecture’ designation, and to reflect about its current conceptual application, considering its most substantial ideological divergences over time.

2015, G. D. Carlos, M. R. Correia, S. Rocha, P. Frey, “Vernacular architecture?”, in Mariana R. Correia, Paulo B. Lourenço, Humberto Varum, editors, Seismic Retrofitting: Learning from Vernacular Architecture, Taylor & Francis (CRC Press), page 11:

(architecture) A class of architectural styles which meet local needs, use local construction materials and reflect local traditions.


clithral

(architecture) Alternative form of cleithral.


trachelium

trachelia (plural)
trachelion (alternative)


trachelion

(architecture) Alternative form of trachelium.


aquatectural

en-adj

aquatectural (comparative more aquatectural, superlative most aquatectural)

more aquatectural (comparative)
most aquatectural (superlative)

From aquatecture + -al, equivalent to a blend of aqua + architectural.

Cross Roads in the Sea examined the potential for floating 'aquatectural' structures to the advantage, of the nearness of the great majority of large urban centres to large bodies of water, in a world where transportation faces dilemmas of space ...

(architecture, rare) Pertaining to aquatecture, architecture designed to work with water (and e.g. rising sea levels).


safety arch

(architecture) An arch built in the body of a wall to relieve the pressure, as over a door or window.


rood beam

(architecture) A beam across the chancel of a church for supporting the rood.


apsed

(architecture) Having an apse or apses (semicircular projection(s) from a building).


spandrelled

spandrelled (comparative more spandrelled, superlative most spandrelled)

more spandrelled (comparative)
most spandrelled (superlative)

(architecture) Having one or more spandrels.


underfloor heating

Any of various central heating (and sometimes cooling) systems that achieve indoor climate control for thermal comfort using conduction, radiation, and convection.

地暖

heating system that operates from under the floor


embowment

(architecture) A bent or curved section.


Carpenter Gothic

(architecture) A North American architectural style where Gothic-revival detailing and picturesque massing are applied to wooden structures built by house-carpenters.


Rural Gothic

Carpenter Gothic
Carpenter Gothic#English

(architecture) Synonym of Carpenter Gothic.


peripter

From peri- + Ancient Greek πτερόν (pterón, “wing”).

(rare) In classical architecture, a building surrounded by a single row of columns.


brutalistic

brutalistic (comparative more brutalistic, superlative most brutalistic)

more brutalistic (comparative)
most brutalistic (superlative)

(architecture) Exhibiting or relating to brutalism.


kinetic architecture

(architecture) A form of architecture where buildings are designed to allow parts of the structure to move, without reducing their overall integrity.


mycotecture

Researchers at NASA have taken an interest in 'mycotecture' and its potential role in growing structures on the Moon.

2020, Merlin Sheldrake, Entangled Life, page 215:

(architecture) experimental architectural structures grown out of mushrooms


no-sky line

(architecture) An imaginary line in a room, behind which no direct daylight penetrates and it is not possible to see the sky through a window.


macroarchitectural

(architecture) Relating to macroarchitecture


bouleuterion

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek βουλευτήριον (bouleutḗrion).

lbor

βουλευτήριον

[…]we print here an updated and revised list of bouleuteria, some attested only in written sources, some physically preserved.⁶³ In most cases, however, the identification of a building as a bouleuterion is uncertain.

1994, Mogens Herman Hansen, From Political Architecture to Stephanus Byzantius: Sources for the Ancient Greek Polis, Franz Steiner Verlag, →ISBN, page 38:

The "Old Bouleuterion", whether it was built before or after the Persian sack of Athens,³ certainly antedates the New Bouleuterion.

1995, Michel Troper, Mikael M. Karlsson, Law, Justice and the State: Proceedings of the 16. World Congress of the International Association for Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy: Reykjavík, 26 May - 2 June, 1993, page 135:

The history of the bouleuterion as a distinct architectural form seems to begin in late Archaic Athens, where the first Bouleuterion was perhaps built soon after the constitutional reforms of Kleisthenes.

2006, Frederick E. Winter, Studies in Hellenistic Architecture, University of Toronto Press, →ISBN, page 142:

(architecture, historical) A building in Ancient Greece, housing the boule (council of citizens), where public affairs were discussed.


square roof

A roof whose principal rafters meet at a right angle.


fractable

(architecture) A decorative coping on a gable wall that rises up to obscure the roof line.


lioz

(architecture) A kind of ivory coloured limestone from the Lisbon, Portugal area.


Moresco

(art, architecture, archaic) Moorish; Moresque


shelfwork

en-noun

shelfwork (countable and uncountable, plural shelfworks)

There are various kinds of shelfwork in Japanese architecture and the tsuridana, suspended shelf, is the form most commonly seen in tea architecture and is generally suspended at the front part of the mat where the host prepares tea in order that it may be used to set utensils on.

Adjacent shelfwork is considered an extension of the obstruction.

1983, Robert M. Hodnett, Automatic Sprinkler Systems Handbook, page 184:

The front of the piece is open shelfwork.

1990, Eugene Clute, Kenneth Reid, Russell Fenimore Whitehead, Progressive Architecture - Volume 71:

(architecture) A built-in shelf or set of shelves.


monopitch

Monopitch roofs are often found over single-storey ancillary rooms and spaces such as utility rooms at the side or back of the main building on traditional houses.

2013, Julian Owen, Complete Loft Conversion Book, →ISBN:

(architecture) Sloping in one direction only.


facadism

The Construction of new buildings behind historic facades, better know as facade retention or ‘facadism’, is a unique phase in the history of architecture.

1991, David Highfield, “Preface”, in The Construction of New Buildings Behind Historic Facades, →ISBN, page ix:

In Chapter 10 the author goes on to explore the ways in which new development can be inserted in cityscapes through various means. In particular he examines the increased use of facadism...

1998, Sir Patrick Abercrombie, editor, The Town Planning Review, volume 69, page 355:

Local officers are happy with façadism because it means the townscape stays intact — and nobody should ask what happens behind the facing walls

2003, International Council on Monuments and Sites, edited by Dinu Bumbaru, Heritage at Risk: ICOMOS World Report 2002/2003 on Monuments and Sites in Danger, →ISBN, page 105:

Façadism, with its emphasis on show and its disregard for authenticity, is very much a postmodern approach.

2008, John Pendlebury, Conservation in the Age of Consensus, →ISBN, page 177:

(architecture) the practice of retaining only the facade of an old building when redeveloping a site.

(architecture, construction) a method where the facade is designed and/or constructed independently of the remainder of the rest of the building.


lotiform

(architecture) Having the form of, or decorated with, lotus flowers


frontoon

(architecture) Alternative form of fronton (“a pediment”).


frillwork

1877, E. C. Hussey, Home Building, New York: Leader & Van Hoesen, Plate No. 14,
Its exterior form and ornamentation is of the Swiss style, although the stories are higher than are generally used in Swiss buildings. The almost excessive frill work gives it a very pretty, although a rather tawdry appearance.

The massive surrounding walls, built so as to take advantage of natural rock formations, now towered above us, and the spiky frillwork along the top suggested that at one time it had been a Turkish fortress […]

1972, Joan Aiken, chapter 3, in A Cluster of Separate Sparks, Boston: G.K. Hall, published 1992:

(architecture) Ornamentation on a building or other structure resembling a row of frills.


lunetted

en-adj

lunetted (comparative more lunetted, superlative most lunetted)

more lunetted (comparative)
most lunetted (superlative)

(architecture) Having a lunette or lunettes.


solepiece

(architecture, nautical) Synonym of sole.


huabiao

From the pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 華表／华表 (huábiǎo).

zh-l

華表／华表 (huábiǎo)

The most notable example of engraved dragons is on the stone columns of the Temple to Confucius at his birthplace in Chüfu. These are also found in the "cloud pillars" (single stone columns—huapiao in Chinese) outside the Tienanmen, while those at the Ming Tombs are still finer.

[1961, Yutang Lin, “Studies in Form: Temples, Pagodas and the Plastic Arts”, in Imperial Peking: Seven Centuries of China, New York: Crown Publishers, →OCLC, page 125:

A type of ceremonial column used in traditional Chinese architecture.


conversation pit

en-noun

conversation pit (plural conversation pits)

(architecture) A depressed section of flooring within a larger room, having built-in seating and sometimes a central table.


tebam

(Judaism, architecture) A dais or rostrum for the reader in a synagogue.


westwork

Calque of German Westwerk, from German West (“west”) + Werk (“work”); equivalent to English west + -work.

Facing the raised sanctuary over the vast crypt they also often erected at the west end of the nave a towerlike structure with vaulted stories, that we call the "westwork."

1987, Malcolm Quantrill, The Environmental Memory: Man and Architecture in the Landscape of Ideas, page 134:

(architecture) The vaulted monumental structure at the western end of a church constructed in some medieval styles, flanked by two towers and containing the entrance.


Norm.

(architecture) Clipping of Norman, a style of English architecture.


stylophore

(architecture) A caryatid at the base of a column


wreckovation

wreckovation (countable and uncountable, plural wreckovations)

(architecture, derogatory) The style of renovations which historic Catholic cathedrals, churches, and oratories have undergone since Vatican II and which some Catholics oppose.


mutular

(architecture) Having or relating to mutules.


chantlate

(architecture) A piece of wood fastened near the ends of the rafters, and projecting beyond the wall, to support two or three rows of tiles, so placed to prevent rainwater from trickling down the sides of the wall.


ecoarchitect

(architecture) A person who specializes in ecoarchitecture.


all'antica

From Italian all'antica (“in the style of antiquity”).

In adapting Joshua Reynolds's concept of the ‘historicizing portrait’, taking up Van Dyck or Oriental fashions and elevating all'antica garb to fashion, her portraits were considered particularly ‘fashionable’.

2020, Bettina Baumgärtel, Angelica Kauffman, Munich: Hirmer, page 12:

(art, architecture) In a classical style; based on classical models.


baldresca

(architecture) A shelf that supports a loggia.


housepost

(architecture) A vertical pillar supporting the roof of a house, especially among Native American peoples where these posts may be decorated with carvings.


gavit

(architecture) An Armenien style of narthex.


slick-tech

(architecture) A style of high-tech architecture with sleek, polished surfaces.


double coding

double coding (countable and uncountable, plural double codings)

(art, architecture) A mixture of postmodern techniques with traditional styles.


belt course

(architecture) A continuous row or layer of stones or brick set in a wall.


vanity height

Coined and defined by the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH).

(architecture) The difference between the height of the last usable floor and the total height of a building, especially for tall skyscrapers.


hipped roof

hipped roof (plural hipped roofs or hipped rooves)

hipped roofs (plural)
hipped rooves (plural)

Charlbury, between Oxford and Worcester, is one of the few surviving Italianate stations designed by Brunel. Built in 1853, it is characterised by the broad overhanging hipped roof, providing shelter at front and rear.

2020 December 2, Anthony Lambert, “Reimagining Railway Stations”, in Rail, page 42, photo caption:


flushwork

(architecture) A decorative combination of flint and ashlar on a wall, typically of a church.


proudwork

(architecture) A variant of flushwork in which the stone stands proud of, rather than flush with, the wall.


dead spot

(architecture) The flaw of building that cannot be seen when collapsing because poor structure, built not according specified standards, or not earthquake-proof.


cilery

(architecture) The ornament carved at the capital of a column


cimborio

(architecture) A lantern (typically octagonal) built over the crossing of a Gothic cathedral


paifang

A traditional Chinese architectural style of gateway.


caissoned

(architecture) Having a caisson; coffered.


summertree

summertrees (plural)
summer-tree (alternative)

(architecture) A horizontal beam brought even with the face (breast) of a wall, to support a wall above a gap or opening; a beam bearing a load above.


summer-stone

(architecture, obsolete) a stone on which a supporting beam rests, forming part of a wall.

(architecture, obsolete) the large triangular stone at the head of a gable.


summer-piece

(architecture, obsolete) a horizontal load-bearing beam in a building or other structure; (in later use) spec. the main beam supporting the girders or joists of a floor (or occasionally the rafters of a roof).


quatrefoiled

(architecture) decorated with quatrefoils


pseudodipteron

(architecture) A pseudodipteral structure


intertriglyph

(architecture) The space between triglyphs.


building envelope

building envelope (plural building envelopes)

(architecture) The physical separator between the conditioned and unconditioned environment of a building.


Juliet balcony

Juliet balcony (plural Juliet balconies)

In reference to a scene in Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet.


people's detailing

(architecture, derogatory) A form of sentimental modernist suburban architecture of the mid-20th century.


capitaled

a capitaled column


Eastlake

Eastlakes (plural)
East Lake (alternative)
EastLake (alternative)
East-Lake (alternative)
East-lake (alternative)

Eastlake movement; Eastlake style; Eastlake architecture

(architecture, chiefly attributive) A 19th-century movement for reform in architecture, furniture, and decor, founded by British architect and writer Charles Eastlake (1836–1906). It promoted attractive designs made by people who took pride in their work.


polykatoikia

der

πολυκατοικία

Although architects and historians have voiced a profound sense of failure with regard to the polykatoikia, I want to argue for its positive aspects.

2005, Ioanna Theocharopoulou, in Heynen & Baydar, Negotiating Domesticity, Routledge 2005, p. 68

This was the era of the polykatoikia, the apartment block built of unadorned concrete and typically five or six storeys high.

2019, Roderick Beaton, Greece: Biography of a Modern Country, Penguin, published 2020, page 307:

(architecture) A type of concrete urban housing block in postwar Greece.


arc boutant

arcs boutant (plural)
arc-boutant (alternative)

(architecture) Synonym of flying buttress.


lantern roof

The present station buildings date back to 1886, when they were rebuilt with their distinctive canopy and lantern roof.

2021 September 22, “National Rail Awards 2021: Eastbourne - Southern”, in RAIL, number 940, page 45:

(architecture) A roof that allows natural light through.


glass-faced

Anybody who has recently been to Glasgow Queen Street will have seen at first-hand how the station has been transformed by a £120 million refurbishment programme that has included the construction of an impressive new glass-faced south façade.

2021 September 22, “National Rail Awards 2021: Margaret (Maggie) Hoey”, in RAIL, number 940, page 59:

(architecture) Having a facade or frontage principally of glass.


diaulos

From Ancient Greek δίαυλος (díaulos) (equivalent to di- + aulos).

(architecture, historical) A peristyle round the great court of the palaestra.


butterfly roof

(architecture) A roof in the shape of a shallow V, with two slopes meeting at a lowest point in the centre.


candlebeam

(architecture, UK, regional, archaic) A rood beam.


wheelchair ramp

en-noun

wheelchair ramp (plural wheelchair ramps)

An inclined plane installed in addition or as a replacement of stairs which permits wheelchair users and people pushing wheeled objects to more easily access a building.


boot room

* (mudroom): Originally, a foyer for storing boots, between the interior and the outdoors.

(UK, architecture) British standard form of mudroom


Flamboyant

en-adj

Flamboyant (comparative more Flamboyant, superlative most Flamboyant)

more Flamboyant (comparative)
most Flamboyant (superlative)

(architecture) Alternative letter-case form of flamboyant.


staggered shelves

In Japanese architecture, two shelves at different heights, each one extending from one wall while not touching the other wall, but mutually joined in the middle with a vertical segment.


feature wall

An interior wall decorated especially to improve aesthetics.


Collegiate Gothic

From being a style found on colleges and universities similar to gothic.

(US, architecture) A style of Gothic Revival architecture inspired by Gothic, which includes Camford/Oxbridge style quadrangle campuses, and American Gothic style buildings. Used on North American university and college campuses, and other schools of high prestige (prep schools, private schools, etc).


megatall

(architecture, construction) A building approximately between 600 meters and 900 meters tall, (between 2000 feet and 3000 feet tall). A building taller than a supertall.


plain tall

(architecture) A building that is over forty storeys tall, but less than 300 m or 1000 ft tall.

(architecture) A tall building shorter than a supertall.


meanwhile use

Established legal routes you can pursue to acquire land and buildings include: meanwhile use, community asset transfer, exercising your right to bid or right to reclaim land, working with your local authority to pursue compulsory purchase on the community's behalf – and, of course, straightforward purchase.

2013 March 19, Rosie Niven, “Top tips for communities taking care of their assets”, in The Guardian:

2016 July 13, morwenj, "Supporting regeneration and creative start-ups … what can we learn from Hackney?" The Knowledge Exchange
One solution is ‘meanwhile use’ – the temporary use of vacant buildings or sites, especially for community projects.

We can safely say that most meanwhile uses in London are not quirky or public facing: they simply enable Londoners to live and work in parts of the city.

2018 October, Nicolas Bosetti and Tom Colthorpe, "Meanwhile, in London: Making Use of London’s Empty Spaces" (Centre for London) p.26

A meanwhile use in a location for a month, a year, 5-years, may draw people to consume in a new neighborhood spending money at the meanwhile use but also extending those funds into the surrounding neighborhood.

2019 January 14, Jonathan Berk, "“Meanwhile” Use in London and The Lessons for America’s Vacant Spaces" medium.com

(urban studies, architecture) short-term use of a vacant site; a place subject to such a use


universal design

The design of things to make them accessible to all, regardless of any disability.


gemelled

(architecture) Alternative form of gemeled (“divided into two”).


raglet

(architecture) Any of the grooves or chases cut into stone walls to receive the upper edges of the lead flashings.


flutework

(architecture) Fluted ornamentation; groovework.


dogtoothing

(architecture) The use of dogtooth ornaments.


xenoculture

Architecture Xenoculture is the problematization of work produced by embracing the proliferation of this mist of fear.

Xenoculture is a term coined by Iranian writer and philosopher Reza Negarestani that describes the need for embracing and exploring the unexpected, the alien.

XENO Installation for group exhibition "Evolo Xenoculture".

(art, architecture, rare) Unconventional forms of art and architecture that defy social expectations and customs.


Lombardesque

Lombardesque (comparative more Lombardesque, superlative most Lombardesque)

more Lombardesque (comparative)
most Lombardesque (superlative)

(architecture) Reminiscent of Lombard architecture.


ranch-style

(architecture) Of a domestic architectural style that originated in the United States, involving houses with a long, close-to-the-ground profile and wide open layout, fusing modernist ideas with notions of the Wild West.


pailoo

(architecture, archaic) An arch or gateway in Chinese architecture, serving as a monument to the deceased.


groyned

(architecture) Alternative form of groined (“built with groins/groynes”).


counterarch

(architecture) An arch built adjacent to another arch to oppose its forces or help to stabilize it.


counterapse

(architecture) An apse opposite another apse.


Corinthianesque

Corinthianesque (comparative more Corinthianesque, superlative most Corinthianesque)

more Corinthianesque (comparative)
most Corinthianesque (superlative)

(architecture) Reminiscent of the Corinthian Greek order of architecture.


flanning

(architecture) The internal flare of a window jamb, or of a fireplace; an embrasure; coving.


hemitriglyph

(architecture) A portion of a triglyph, made incomplete by the sudden breaking off of the frieze.


sawnwork

(architecture) Design made by cutting with a jigsaw, often elaborately.


meshrabiyeh

Borrowed from Arabic مَشْرَبِيَّة (mašrabiyya).

bor+

مَشْرَبِيَّة

(architecture) The latticed projecting windows of private houses, in Islamic architecture.