spring

en-verb

spring (third-person singular simple present springs, present participle springing, simple past sprang or sprung, past participle sprung)

springs (present singular third-person)
springing (participle present)
sprang (past)
sprung (past)
sprung (participle past)
spring (infinitive)
spring (first-person present singular)
sprang (first-person past singular)
sprung (first-person nonstandard past singular)
spring (present second-person singular)
sprang (past second-person singular)
sprung (nonstandard past second-person singular)
springs (present singular third-person)
sprang (past singular third-person)
sprung (nonstandard past singular third-person)
spring (plural present)
sprang (past plural)
sprung (nonstandard past plural)
spring (present subjunctive)
sprang (past subjunctive)
sprung (nonstandard past subjunctive)
spring (imperative present)
springing (participle present)
sprung (participle past)
sprang (nonstandard participle past)

From Middle English springen, from Old English springan (“to spring, leap, bounce, sprout forth, emerge, spread out”), from Proto-West Germanic *springan, from Proto-Germanic *springaną (“to burst forth”), from Proto-Indo-European *spre(n)ǵʰ- (“to move, race, spring”), from *sper- (“to jerk, twitch, snap, shove”).
Cognates
* Saterland Frisian springe
* West Frisian springe
* Dutch springen
* German Low German springen
* German springen
* Danish springe
* Swedish springa
* Norwegian springe
* Faroese springa
* Icelandic springa (“to burst, explode”).
Other possible cognates include Lithuanian spreñgti (“to push (in)”), Old Church Slavonic прѧсти (pręsti, “to spin, to stretch”), Latin spargere (“to sprinkle, to scatter”), Ancient Greek σπέρχω (spérkhō, “to hasten”), Sanskrit स्पृहयति (spṛháyati, “to be eager”). Some newer senses derived from the noun.

cog

The whole contraption appears liable to spring apart at any moment.

2012 April 21, Sydney Morning Herald, page 5:


spring

en-noun

spring (countable and uncountable, plural springs)

Arlington Springs Man
Beijing Spring
Berber Spring
Croatian Spring
Damascus Spring
Operation Spring Awakening
Operation Spring Cleanup
Operation Spring of Youth
Prague Spring
Spring Palace
Spring of Nations
Springbal
Springfest
The Spring Offensive
spring

From Middle English spryng (“a wellspring, tide, branch, sunrise, kind of dance or blow, ulcer, snare, flock”); partly from Old English spring (“wellspring, ulcer”), from Proto-West Germanic *spring, from Proto-Germanic *springaz (“a wellspring, fount”); and partly from Old English spryng (“a jump”), from Proto-West Germanic *sprungi, from Proto-Germanic *sprungiz (“a jump”). Further senses derived from the verb and from clippings of day-spring, springtime, spring tide, etc. Its sense as the season, first attested in a work predating 1325, gradually replaced Middle English lente, lentin, from Old English lencten (“spring, Lent”) as that word became more specifically liturgical. Compare fall.

ааԥын

season between winter and summer in temperate climates

(countable) Something which springs, springs forth, springs up, or springs back, particularly

(oceanography, obsolete) The rising of the sea at high tide.

(oceanography) Ellipsis of spring tide, the especially high tide shortly after full and new moons.


tide

From Middle English tyde, tide, tyd, tid (“time”), from Old English tīd (“time”), from Proto-West Germanic *tīdi, from Proto-Germanic *tīdiz (“time”), from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂itis (“time”), from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂y- (“to divide”). Related to time.
Cognates
Cognate with Scots tide, tyde (“tide”), North Frisian tid (“time”), West Frisian tyd, tiid (“time, while”), Dutch tijd (“time”), Dutch tij, getij (“tide of the sea”), Afrikaans tyd (“time”), Low German Tied, Tiet (“time”), Low German Tide (“tide of the sea”), German Zeit (“time”), German Tide, Gezeiten (“tide of the sea”), Danish tid (“time”), Swedish tid (“time”), Icelandic tíð (“time”), Albanian ditë (“day”), Old Armenian տի (ti, “age”), Northern Kurdish dem (“time”).

der

Southern US, African-American Vernacular

Something which changes like the tides of the sea.

vuorovesi

something which changes like the tides of the sea


ebb

From Middle English ebbe, from Old English ebba (“ebb, tide”), from Proto-West Germanic *abbjā, from Proto-Germanic *abjô, *abjǭ, from Proto-Germanic *ab (“off, away”), from Proto-Indo-European *apó.
See also West Frisian ebbe, Dutch eb, German Ebbe, Danish ebbe, Old Norse efja (“countercurrent”), Old English af. More at of, off.

The boats will go out on the ebb.

Thou shoreless flood which in thy ebb and flow / Claspest the limits of morality!

Men come from distant parts to admire the tides of Solway, which race in at flood and retreat at ebb with a greater speed than a horse can follow.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:


neap

From Middle English neep, from Old English nēp (“scant, lacking”), possibly from Proto-Germanic *nōpiz (“narrow”). Found especially in Old English nēpflōd (“neap tide”, literally “low tide”). Compare Norwegian dialectal nøpen (“scarce, scant, barely enough”).

(of a tide) Low; lowest; the ebb or lowest point of a tide.

Little groups of sailors came swinging along and pushied their way noisily inside the gaudy joints. Sex everywhere: it was slopping over, a neap tide that swept the props from under the city.

Designating a tide which occurs just after the first and third quarters of the moon, when there is the least difference between high tide and low tide.


neap

en-verb

neap (third-person singular simple present neaps, present participle neaping, simple past and past participle neaped)

neaps (present singular third-person)
neaping (participle present)
neaped (participle past)
neaped (past)

At 8, being high water, hauld her bow close ashore, but Keept her stern afloat, because I was afraid of Neaping her, and yet it was necessary to lay the whole of her as near the ground as possible.

1770, Captain James Cook, Journal During the First Voyage Round the World, entry for 22 June 1770:

(transitive) To trap (a ship) in water too shallow to move, due to the smaller tidal range occurring in a period of neap tides.


neap

Both […] swam not landward, but toward the horizon. Very good luck, for they entered a neap rushing headlong toward shore and into a river beyond.

2008, Toni Morrison, A Mercy, Chatto & Windus, page 115:


tidal wave

A large and sudden rise and fall in the tide.


tidal

title (with flapping but not Canadian raising)

From tide + -al. Probably a hybrid formation within English. Alternatively it might be from an unattested British Medieval Latin *tīdālis, derived from rare tīda, from Old English tīd. The usual Latin word for “tidal” is aestuālis.


neap tide

From neap + tide. Compare Danish niptid (“neap tide”), German Nipptide (“neap tide”), Old English nēpflōd (“neap tide”).

Spring tides occur when the Sun and Moon line up, since the gravities of the two bodies add together to create larger tidal forces. Neap tides occur when the Sun and Moon are at right angles to one another as seen from Earth. In this case, the gravitational forces counteract each other, creating weaker tidal forces.

1992 July 31, Neil F. Comins, “A New Slant on Earth”, in Astronomy, volume 20, number 7, page 44:

Rear Adm. Harry Hill, put in command of the amphibious force, consults with local mariners and reaches a cautious consensus that neap high tide in the lagoon on November 20 will surely be close to five feet deep.

1993 November 30, Michael Kernan, (Tarawa), “...heavy fire...unable to land...issue in doubt.”, in Smithsonian, volume 24, number 8, page 118:

... and neap tides (tides that occur during the first and third quarters of the moon and that have the least difference between high and low tides), ...

1995, Richard M. Schlenker, Sarah J. Yoshida, “Developing Science Activities”, in Science Activities, volume 32, number 2, page 34:

The tide which occurs just after the first and third quarters of the moon, when there is least difference between high tide and low tide.

dooie gety

tide which occurs when the moon is in its first or third quarter


spring tide

Spring tides at Chepstow rise 40 ft., and there is a rapid current except for a very short time.

1952 September, “Chepstow River Bridge Centenary”, in Railway Magazine, page 623:

During the day conditions worsened quickly—for example, a 2-6-0 on the Uckfield line suddenly encountered flood water high enough to enter its ashpan and extinguish its fire—until lock gates up-river at Barcombe gave way and a tidal wave rolled down the valley meeting head-on a spring tide rolling up from the coast.

1961 January, “Talking of Trains: Flooding at Lewes”, in Trains Illustrated, page 5:

The tide which occurs when the moon is new or full; the effects of the Sun and moon being reinforced so that this tide is of maximum range.

springgety

geut veshefel bemolad hayareakh uvemilo'o

גֵּאוּת וְשֵׁפֶל בְּמוֹלַד הַיָּרֵחַ וּבְמִלּוֹאוֹ


intertidal

An intertidal zone or an organism that inhabits such a zone


high tide

en-noun

high tide (countable and uncountable, plural high tides)

high tides (plural)
hightide (alternative)
high-tide (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-high tide.wav

The natural tide at its highest level for a particular tidal cycle at a certain place.


low tide

low tide (countable and uncountable, plural low tides)

The tide at its lowest level for a particular tidal cycle at a certain place.


ebb tide

The period between high tide and the next low tide in which the sea is receding.


flood tide

Going forward and glancing over the weather bow, I perceived that the ship swinging to her anchor with the flood-tide, was now obliquely pointing towards the open ocean.

1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “Chapter 16”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

The 120-ton double-track bridge-ramp of the Harwich-Zebrugge ^([sic]) train ferry was seriously damaged when the ferry Essex was lifted on the flood tide to an abnormal height, but was fully restored on March 5.

1953 May, “British Railways and the January Floods”, in Railway Magazine, page 303:

The period between low tide and the next high tide of the sea as the water flows toward the shore


salt marsh

salt marshes (plural)
saltmarsh (alternative)

From Middle English saltmarsh, saltmerssh, saltmersch, saltmerch, saltmersk, equivalent to salt + marsh.

After a succession of short runs through the salt marshes and vineyards of Languedoc, linking together many towns of considerable size, the "Catalan" joins the P.L.M. main line at Tarascon, [...].

1961 December, H. G. Ellison, P. G. Barlow, “Journey through France: Part Two”, in Trains Illustrated, page 750:

A marsh of saline water, found in the intertidal zone between land and sea, characterized by halophytic plants such as grasses and sedges adapted to periodic flooding with salt water.


salting

salting (countable and uncountable, plural saltings)

(uncountable) The act of sprinkling salt, either on food, or on an icy road.


tidal current

(nautical) The flow of water caused by the rise and fall of the tide.


tidal force

(physics) Any of various gravitational forces acting on a body caused by variation in the distance between it and a source of a gravitational field; such forces due to the Moon are responsible for tides.


tidal bore

A wave, in the form of a wall of water, formed by an incoming tide funnelling into an estuary.

mascaret

a wall of water formed by an incoming tide funnelling into an estuary


tidal energy

tidal energy (countable and uncountable, plural tidal energies)

(physics) The energy contained in a tide flowing in or out of an estuary or similar enclosed place, especially that part of the energy that can be converted to electricity.


tidally locked

Kruban is a tidally-locked Venusian hothouse, its surface perpetually obscured by clouds of sulfur and carbon dioxides.

2010, BioWare, Mass Effect 2 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Kruban:

(astronomy) Having undergone tidal locking.


tidal locking

(astronomy) The locking of the rotation of a satellite (moon or planet) to its orbit, such that one side always faces the body around which it is orbiting.


intertidal zone

intertidal zone (plural intertidal zones)

(oceanography) The part of a shore between high water and low water, especially the beach exposed at maximum ebb spring tides.


proxigean spring tide

proxigean spring tide (plural proxigean spring tides)

An unusually high high tide that occurs when the Moon is at its closest point in its orbit to the Earth and in its new or full moon phase


king tide

From king (“something preeminent”) + tide.

1994, Netherlands Institute for the Law of the Sea, International Organizations and the Law of the Sea: Documentary Yearbook, 1992, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, page 373,
As an illustration of our vulnerability, in 1990 and again in 1991, the largest king tides of the year in the Marshall Islands almost inundated Majuro′s urban area.

2008, David Corlett, Stormy Weather: The Challenge of Climate Change and Displacement, UNSW Press, page 8,
The unprecedented 2006 king tide was alarming.

2008, Bob Shepherd, Circuit, Pan MacMillan, UK, unnumbered page,
He told me that due to the interaction of certain moon phases with the broken coastline and offlying islands in that region, once every four years for four days they experience what are known as ‘king tides’. These tides can rise twenty feet above normal tide levels. The king tide phenomenon was not recorded in the tide tables or charts, so I had no way of knowing they existed when planning the exercise.

2010, Margaret Somerville, Tony Perkins, Singing the Coast, Aboriginal Studies Press, page 91,
Other fish, prawns and crabs come into the Lake on the king tides and swim up to the warm backwaters to breed.

An unusually high spring tide that occurs during full moon in the summer and winter months (when the earth is at perihelion and the earth, moon and sun are aligned).

marea viva

exceptionally high spring tides that occur on occasion


galactic cannibalism

The process by which a large galaxy, through tidal gravitational interactions with a companion, merges with that companion, resulting in a larger, often irregular galaxy.


tidal lock

[…] [T]he moon's familiar patchwork of dark and light splotches. It's the only side of the moon we ever see from home base, a result of Earth's having yanked its satellite into a so-called tidal lock: The time it takes the moon to rotate once on its axis is the same as the four weeks it takes to orbit Earth, which means the same side is always turned toward us.

2014 September 7, Natalie Angier, “The Moon comes around again [print version: Revisiting a moon that still has secrets to reveal: Supermoon revives interest in its violent origins and hidden face, International New York Times, 10 September 2014, p. 8]”, in The New York Times:

(astronomy) Alternative form of tidal locking.


tidal flat

The bed of a tidal river, estuary, or shallow sea such as the Wadden Sea which is uncovered at low tide.