abdominal

en-adj

abdominal (comparative more abdominal, superlative most abdominal)

more abdominal (comparative)
most abdominal (superlative)

First attested in 1746. From New Latin abdōminālis, from Latin abdōmen. Equivalent to abdomin- + -al. Compare French abdominal.

(ichthyology) Having the ventral fins under the abdomen and behind the pectoral fins.

(ichthyology) Ventral, in describing a fin.


ich

Ich is one of the most common diseases of freshwater fish.

1996, Edward J. Noga, Fish Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment, Iowa State University Press (2000), →ISBN, page 95:

(ichthyology) Ichthyophthiriasis, a parasitic infection of freshwater fish caused by ciliates of genus Ichthyophthirius.


focus

en-noun

focus (countable and uncountable, plural foci or focuses or focusses)

foci (plural)
focuses (plural)
focusses (plural)

Borrowed from Latin focus (“hearth, fireplace”); see there for more. Doublet of fuel.
Kepler introduced the term into mathematics and the sciences in describing elliptical orbits of planets (quote from Nicholas Mee) :
"One of the interesting properties of an ellipse is that if there were a light bulb at one focus, then all the light that it emits would reflect off the ellipse and converge at the other focus. This is why Kepler originally used the name focus for these points."

bor+

(ichthyology) The centre of an older fish's scale, which is the point where a younger fish's scale starts to grow from.


shark

en-noun

shark (countable and uncountable, plural sharks)

sharks (plural)
sharke (alternative obsolete)

Shark meat
Thomas Beckington
shark
shark (moth)

From Middle English shark (used by Thomas Beckington in 1442 to refer to a kind of fish), of uncertain origin. Most likely from a semantic extension of the German-derived shark (“scoundrel”), see below. The fish was originally called a dogfish or haye in English and Middle English.
alternative theories
Some older dictionaries derived the word from Latin c(h)archarias, c(h)acharus (from Ancient Greek), but admit that "the requisite [Old French] forms intermediate between E. shark and L. carcharus are not found, and it is not certain that the name [shark] was orig. applied to the fish; it may have been first used of a greedy man".
Other older authorities speculated that the word might derive from Yucatec Maya xok (“fish”) (/ʃok/), as John Hawkins brought a specimen from the area where Mayan was spoken to England in the 1560s. However, the 1442 use rules out a New World origin for the word.

shock (non-rhotic, father-bother merger)

The straunge fishe is in length xvij. foote and iij. foote broad, and in compas about the bodie vj. foote; and is round snowted, short headdid, hauing iij. rankes of teeth on either iawe, …. Also it hath v. gills of eache side of the head, shoing white. Ther is no proper name for it that I know, but that sertayne men of Captayne Haukinses doth call it a sharke.

1569, The true discripcion of this marueilous straunge Fishe, whiche was taken on Thursday was sennight, the xvi. day of June, this present month, in the yeare of our Lord God, M.D.lxix., a broadside printed in London, the second earliest known use of the term; reprinted in A Collection of Seventy-Nine Black-Letter Ballads and Broadsides: printed in the reigh of Queen Elizabeth, between the years 1559 and 1597 in 1867

He said he had spoken to a woman who was kayaking off Catalina Island, California, in 2008 when a shark slammed her kayak from underneath and sent her flying into the air. She then landed on the back of the shark, Collier said. "At that point the shark started to swim out to sea, so she jumped off its back," Collier said.

2011 October 13, AP, “Man 'surfs' great white shark”, in The Guardian:

(ichthyology, countable) Any scaleless, predatory fish of the superorder Selachimorpha, with a cartilaginous skeleton and 5 to 7 gill slits on each side of its head.


fin

Dutch language
German language
Latin language
Middle English language
Old English language
Old Irish language
Proto-Germanic language
Proto-Indo-European language
Swedish language
Tocharian A language
fin
fin (disambiguation)

From Middle English fin, from Old English finn, from Proto-Germanic *finnō, *finǭ (“dorsal fin”) (compare Dutch vin, German Finne, Swedish finne, fena), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pīn- (“backbone, dorsal fin”) (compare Old Irish ind (“end, point”), Latin pinna (“feather, wing, fin”), Tocharian A spin (“hook”).

der-lite

The fish's fins minimize water flow.

Then he commenced to talk, really talk. and inside of two flaps of a herring's fin he had me mesmerized, like Eben Holt's boy at the town hall show. He talked about the ills of humanity, and the glories of health and Nature and service and land knows what all.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter IV, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

(ichthyology, zootomy) One of the appendages of a fish, used to propel itself and to manoeuvre/maneuver.


catadromous

en-adj

catadromous (comparative more catadromous, superlative most catadromous)

more catadromous (comparative)
most catadromous (superlative)

From cata- + -dromous, by analogy with anadromous. Compare catanadromous.

Bird migration routes favor marshes and river valleys, as do, more obviously, the movement of anadromous salmon and, the mirror image, catadromous eels, to mention only two of the numerous migrating fish species.

2017, James C Scott, chapter 1, in Against the Grain, New Haven & London: Yale, →ISBN, page 53:

(ichthyology, of a migratory fish) Living in fresh water as an adult, but breeding in the sea.


acentrous

acentrous (comparative more acentrous, superlative most acentrous)

more acentrous (comparative)
most acentrous (superlative)

2001, "Axial Skeleton", David Cannatella, https://web.archive.org/web/20051222184337/http://www.lifesci.utexas.edu/courses/bio478L/LecturesPDF/bodyskeleton.pdf
"Some bony fishes (Teleostei, Amia, Lepisosteus, and Brachiopterygii) have well-ossified centra and neural and hemal arches. Others (Dipnoi, Latimeria, and Chondrostei) lack centra (acentrous), and the notochord is unconstricted, and the bony neural and hemal arches simply rest on it."


barb

PIE word
 *bʰardʰéh₂
From Middle English barbe, from Middle French barbe, from Old French barbe (“beard, beard-like element”). Doublet of beard.

der

(ichthyology) Any of various species of freshwater carp-like fish that have barbels and belong to the cyprinid family.


cataphract

From Latin cataphractes (“suit of armour”), from Ancient Greek κατάφρακτος (katáphraktos, “suit of armour”), from κατα- (kata-, prefix indicating a great degree or intensity) + φρακτός (phraktós, “protected; fenced in”) (from φράσσω (phrássō, “to fortify, secure; to fence in”)) + -της (-tēs, suffix forming nouns indicating a state of being).

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-cataphract.wav

(ichthyology, by extension, obsolete) An outer covering of some fish resembling armour or plate.


piranha

piranhas (plural)
piranha (plural)
piraña (alternative)
pirana (alternative)
piraya (alternative obsolete)

⇒ Translingual: †Megapiranha

First attested in 1869. The term entered English either via Portuguese piranha or Spanish piraña, from Old Tupi pirãîa.

(ichthyology) Any of certain freshwater fish of the subfamily Serrasalminae, native to South America; they are characterised by razor-sharp teeth and a reputation of being ferocious predators (despite most species being omnivorous).


sucker

From Middle English souker, sokere, sukkere, soukere, equivalent to suck (verb) + -er. Compare Saterland Frisian Suuger, West Frisian sûker (“sucker”), Dutch zuiger (“sucker”), German Sauger (“dummy; vacuum”).

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Catostomidae of North America and eastern Asia, which have mouths modified into downward-pointing, suckerlike structures for feeding in bottom sediments.


heterocerc

(zoology) Any fish having a tail with unequal lobes.


ichthyology

/ˌɪkθiˈɒləd͡ʒi/

عِلْم اَلْأَسْمَاك

branch of zoology devoted to the study of fish


glance

en-verb

glance (third-person singular simple present glances, present participle glancing, simple past and past participle glanced)

glances (present singular third-person)
glancing (participle present)
glanced (participle past)
glanced (past)
glance (infinitive)
glance (first-person present singular)
glanced (first-person past singular)
glance (present second-person singular)
glancest (archaic present second-person singular)
glanced (past second-person singular)
glancedst (archaic past second-person singular)
glances (present singular third-person)
glanceth (archaic present singular third-person)
glanced (past singular third-person)
glance (plural present)
glanced (past plural)
glance (present subjunctive)
glanced (past subjunctive)
glance (imperative present)
glancing (participle present)
glanced (participle past)
glaunce (alternative)

The verb is derived from Late Middle English glenchen (“of a blow: to strike obliquely, glance; of a person: to turn quickly aside, dodge”) [and other forms], a blend of:
* Old French glacier, glachier, glaichier (“to slide; to slip”) (whence also Middle English glacen (“of a blow: to strike obliquely, glance; to glide”)), from glace (“frozen water, ice”) (from Vulgar Latin *glacia, from Latin glaciēs (“ice”), of uncertain origin, + -ier (suffix forming infinitives of first-conjugation verbs); and
* Old French guenchir, ganchir (“to avoid; to change direction; to elude, evade”) [and other forms], from Proto-West Germanic *wankijan (“to move aside; to stagger, sway; to wave”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weng- (“to bend”).
The noun is derived from the verb.

nb...

glansen, glence, glench, glens, glanche, glauncen, glaunche

рикоширам

to strike and fly off in an oblique direction to dart aside

lyödä maila vinossa

(cricket) to hit a ball with a bat held in a slanted manner

vihjailla

of a topic: to make an incidental or passing reflection on, often unfavourably — see also allude, hint

[Page 493] [G]eneral impressions of glancing frequency in Acanthochromis juveniles have suggested that the glancing off parents occurs most often in young juveniles and appears to diminish in frequency as juveniles age […] [Page 494] The unusually high variance in lagoon stage-3 juveniles was caused by one relatively small brood (14) that glanced 36 times in one 30-min observation period.

1988 May 1, Kathryn Kavanagh, “Notes on the Frequency and Function of Glancing in Juvenile Acanthochromis (Pomacentridae)”, in Michael E. Douglas, editor, Copeia, number 2, Lawrence, Kan.: American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, →ISSN, →JSTOR, →OCLC, pages 493 and 494:

(also figuratively) To strike and fly off in an oblique direction; to dart aside.

(ichthyology) Of certain juvenile fish, chiefly of the Cichlidae family: to rapidly touch the side of its parent's body, usually to feed on mucus.

vilkuilla

of certain juvenile fish: to rapidly touch the side of its parent’s body


glance

en-noun

glance (countable and uncountable, plural glances)

(ichthyology) Of certain juvenile fish, chiefly of the Cichlidae family: an act of rapidly touching the side of its parent's body, usually to feed on mucus.

vilkuilu

of certain juvenile fish, chiefly of the Cichlidae family: an act of rapidly touching the side of its parent’s body, usually to feed on mucus


malleus

From Latin malleus (“hammer, mallet”). Doublet of maul.

(ichthyology) The tripus (ossicle in cypriniform fishes).


annulus

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin ānnulus, a misspelling of Latin ānulus (“ring, especially one worn on a finger”), from ānus (“ring”) (from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eh₂no- (“ring”)) + -ulus (diminutive suffix).
The plural form annuli is a learned borrowing from Medieval Latin ānnulī.

lbor

(ichthyology) A dark ring on a fish's scale that is formed when a fish's growth rate slows down in the winter due to low food intake and the scale's circuli move closer to one another. The dark ring is used to estimate the fish's age, approximately one year per annulus.


dorsal fin

A fin located on the backs of fish and some marine mammals.


pectoral fin

(ichthyology) Either of two fins located on each side of a fish just behind the head.


anal fin

(ichthyology) A fin located on the underside of a fish behind the anus.


caudal fin

The tailfin of a fish and other aquatic vertebrates.

ফিছা

the tailfin of a fish and other aquatic vertebrates


pelvic fin

(ichthyology) Either of a pair of fins on either side and towards the rear of a fish.


coelacanthine

en-adj

coelacanthine (comparative more coelacanthine, superlative most coelacanthine)

more coelacanthine (comparative)
most coelacanthine (superlative)

(ichthyology) Pertaining to, or having the properties of, a coelacanth (fish).


caudal peduncle

en-noun

caudal peduncle (plural caudal peduncles)

(ichthyology) The narrow part of a fish's body to which the caudal or tail fin is attached. Its proportions, such as the length and breadth, and attached organs, such as spines of surgeonfishes or caudal keels and finlets of Scombridae often are important in descriptions of fish species.


ventral fin

(ichthyology) A fin, usually paired, located ventrally below the pectoral fins of a fish.


adipose fin

(ichthyology) A soft, fleshy fin located behind the dorsal fin and just forward of the caudal fin, found fish of certain families, believed to have some sensory function.

rasvaevä

a soft, fleshy fin found on the back of a fish


finlet

(ichthyology) Small non-retractable fins, generally on the caudal peduncle between the last dorsal or anal fin and the caudal fin of some fishes. In some groups, such as tuna, finlets are rayless.


cephalic fin

(ichthyology) One of a set of fins that look like horns on either side of the broad head of a manta ray.


caudal keel

(ichthyology) A lateral ridge found just anterior to each side of the tail fin on the caudal peduncle of some types of fast-swimming fish. The keels improve the stability of the fish's attitude at speed in the water, and strengthen the support of the caudal fin.


diapause

diapause (countable and uncountable, plural diapauses)

From Ancient Greek διάπαυσις (diápausis, “pause, cessation”). By surface analysis, dia- + -pause.

der

(biology, entomology, ichthyology) A temporary pause in the growth and development of an organism due to adverse environmental conditions (especially in insects and in the embryos of many of the oviparous species of fish in the order Cyprinodontiformes)

diapaussi

a temporary pause in the growth and development of an organism


circulus

(ichthyology) A concentric growth ring found on the scales of fish. This ring develops around the focus of the fish's scale.


esca

(ichthyology) The fleshy growth from an anglerfish's head that acts as a lure for its prey.


gill raker

(ichthyology) A bony, finger-like projection of the gill arch filaments of fish, used for food retention in some species.


meristic

en-adj

meristic (comparative more meristic, superlative most meristic)

more meristic (comparative)
most meristic (superlative)


meristic

(ichthyology) A quantitative property of a fish, as studied in meristics.


meristics

From Ancient Greek μέρος (méros, “part”) + -ist + -ics.

(ichthyology) The counting of quantitative features of a fish, such as its number of fins or of scales.


gas bladder

Nicknamed a "manta" by Andromeda Initiative observers, this majestic creature has been sighted on several worlds in the Heleus Cluster. The Nexus scientists believe it may have originally evolved on a world with heavy deposits of element zero, giving it the ability to lower its mass enough to "swim" through the air. Expanding the muscular gas bladders on its underside allows the creature to rise and orient itself in flight.

2017, BioWare, Mass Effect: Andromeda (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Andromeda Wildlife: Manta Codex entry:

(ichthyology) An internal organ that fish use to control their buoyancy, allowing them to maintain or change depth by changing their density.


Weberian ossicle

en-noun

Weberian ossicle (plural Weberian ossicles)

(ichthyology) One of a chain of small bones that connect the auditory system to the air bladder of teleost fishes.


heterocercal

en-adj

heterocercal (comparative more heterocercal, superlative most heterocercal)

more heterocercal (comparative)
most heterocercal (superlative)

(ichthyology) Of a fish's tail, such that the vertebral column bends and extends upwards into the upper lobe of the tail, making it larger than the lower lobe; as in sharks, rays, and skates.


ichthyophthiriasis

en-noun

ichthyophthiriasis (usually uncountable, plural ichthyophthiriases)

(ichthyology) A parasitic infection of freshwater fish caused by the ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis.


symplectic

A calque of complex, coined by Hermann Weyl in his 1939 book The Classical Groups: Their Invariants and Representations. From Ancient Greek συμπλεκτικός (sumplektikós), from συμ (sum) (variant of σύν (sún)), + πλεκτικός (plektikós) (from πλέκω (plékō)); modelled on complex (from Latin complexus (“braided together”), from com- (“together”) + plectere (“to weave, braid”)).
The symplectic group has previously been called the line complex group.

der

συμπλεκτικός

The symplectics (9) consist of a somewhat curved central triangular portion with the base upward, and anteriorly and posteriorly from this extends a wing-like process.

1914, The Philippine Journal of Science, Volume 9, page 27:

The symplectics (Fig. 8, sym) are thin slender bones placed vertically in between the quadrates and the hyomandibulars.

1965, Agra University Journal of Research: Science, Volume 14, page 71:

In many teleosts, on the other hand, including the catfishes, the symplectics have been entirely lost.

1967, Tyson R. Roberts, Studies on the Osteology and Phylogeny of Characoid Fishes, page 59:

(ichthyology) A bone in the teleostean fishes that forms the lower ossification of the suspensorium, and which articulates below with the quadrate bone by which it is firmly held.


elopomorph

(ichthyology) Any of fish of the superorder Elopomorpha, including bonefish, tarpon, and many eels and eel-like fish.


homocercal

(ichthyology) Describing the symmetric tail of a fish that has two lobes extending from the end of the vertebral column.


mormyrid

(ichthyology) Any member of the family Mormyridae of freshwater elephantfish.


stomiid

Since stomiids are sensitive to the far-red bioluminescence produced by their suborbital photophores, which other animals in the deep sea cannot see, they have what could be regarded as a private waveband.

2001, Friedrich G. Barth, Ecology of Sensing:

(ichthyology) Any member of the family Stomiidae of deep-sea ray-finned fish, including the barbeled dragonfishes, stareaters, and loosejaws.


dentex

Borrowed from translingual Dentex, from Latin dentex, from Latin dēns (“tooth”). Further from Proto-Italic *dents and Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts.

(ichthyology) Any member of the genus Dentex of perciform fish.


illicium

(ichthyology) The modified dorsal fin on the head of anglerfish, acting as a lure.


actinost

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek ἀκτίς (aktís, “ray”) + ὀστέον (ostéon, “bone”).

The second well-developed actinost is below the vertebra supporting the subcaudal blood-vessels, but that is not so strong proximally as the first; the ribs are not directed downwards, but backwards, and are entirely separated from each other.

1889, Dr. G. Baur, “On the morphology of ribs and the fate of the actinosts of the median fin in fishes”, in Journal of morphology, volume 3:

(ichthyology) A bone at the base of a paired fin (of a fish)


monotrematous

The anatomy of the olfactory organ of Belone belone differs clearly from so-called monotrematous olfactory organs.

2005, Klaus Reutter, Fish Chemosenses, page 23:

Three-spined sticklebacks, similar to their Spinachia cousins, are monotrematous, that is, each olfactory organ has only a single naris.

2006, Sara Ostlund-Nilsson, Biology of the Three-Spined Stickleback, page 200:

(ichthyology) Of the olfactory organ of a fish, having a single opening from which water flows in and out.


mixogamous

(archaic, ichthyology, of fish) polyandrous.


holostome

From holo- (“whole”) + -stome (“mouth”).

(ichthyology, obsolete) Any of the suborder Helostomi of eel-like fish.


syngnathous

This will not appear utterly incredible, if we reflect that the males of syngnathous fishes receive the eggs of the females in their pouches , hatch them, and afterward nourish the young.

1871, Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, page 210:

(ichthyology) Relating to the order Syngnathiformes (sometimes suborder Syngnathoidei or Syngnathi) of pipefishes and close relatives.


interoperculum

(anatomy, ichthyology, archaic) interopercle


plagiostome

(obsolete, ichthyology) One of the Plagiostomi, a former group of sharks


embiotocoid

en-adj

embiotocoid (comparative more embiotocoid, superlative most embiotocoid)

more embiotocoid (comparative)
most embiotocoid (superlative)

(ichthyology) Belonging to the fish family Embiotocidae.


embiotocoid

(ichthyology) One of family Embiotocidae of surfperches, abundant on the coast of California, remarkable for being viviparous.


labroid

labroid (comparative more labroid, superlative most labroid)

more labroid (comparative)
most labroid (superlative)

The tautog and cunner are American labroid fishes.

(ichthyology) Like or belonging to the suborder Labroidei of marine perciform fishes, often brilliantly coloured, and very abundant in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.


luvarid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Luvaridae.


abdominal fin

(ichthyology) One of the posterior paired fins of fishes; pelvic fin; ventral fin.


abdominal pore

(ichthyology) A pair of sphincters near the cloaca that allow for communication between the abdominal cavity and the exterior.


odacid

(ichthyology) Any of the family Odacidae of perciform fishes


scarid

(ichthyology) Any of the family Scaridae; parrotfishes.


blenniid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Blenniidae; a combtooth blenny.


pediculate

(obsolete, ichthyology) Of or relating to the Pediculati, an order of fish now classified as Lophiiformes.


acanthoclinid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Acanthoclinidae now considered the plesiopid subfamily Acanthoclininae, the longfins.


acanthurid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Acanthuridae of surgeonfishes, tangs, and unicornfishes.


achirid

(ichthyology) Any member of the Achiridae.


acipenserid

1989, Laurie J. Bryant, Non-dinosaurian Lower Vertebrates Across the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary in Northeastern Montana, Geological Sciences: Volume 134, University of California Press, page 17,
A second distinct acipenserid morphotype occurs in the Hell Creek and Tullock formations. It is not found in the Lance Formation in Wyoming, although acipenserids are so rare in the Lance Formation that this is possibly the result of sampling error.

While acipenserid outgroups lack any extensive scalation, the most distinctive hallmark of acipenserids is their scutes (Character 1).

1997, E. K. Findeis, “Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of sturgeons (Acipenseridae)”, in Vadim J. Birstein, John R. Waldman, William E. Bemis, editors, Sturgeon Biodiversity and Conservation, page 121:

Why is it that shortnose sturgeon - the far more residential of the two sturgeons - appears to nearly stop growing at adulthood and at a small size for an acipenserid whereas the more marine Atlantic sturgeon continues to grow and to a potentially massive size?

2006, J. R. Waldman, “Diadromous Fishes”, in Jeffrey S. Levinton, John R. Waldman, editors, The Hudson River Estuary, page 183:

(ichthyology) Any member of the Acipenseridae (the true sturgeons)


acropomatid

(ichthyology) Any member of the family Acropomatidae.


agonid

(ichthyology) Any member of the family Agonidae.


akysid

(ichthyology) Any member of the family Akysidae.


albulid

(ichthyology) Any member of the family Albulidae.


alepisaurid

(ichthyology) Any member of the family Alepisauridae, the lancetfishes.


alepocephalid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Alepocephalidae, the slickheads.


alestid

(ichthyology) Any member of the family Alestidae.


amblyopsid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Amblyopsidae: several species of North American cavefish, and the swampfish or ricefish.


zeid

Most zeids have spiny projections or bucklers at the dorsal- and anal-fin bases and bony plates on the ventral surface of the abdomen.

2000, Jeffrey Martin Leis, Brooke M. Carson-Ewart, The Larvae of Indo-Pacific Coastal Fishes, page 186:

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Zeidae.


anotopterid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Anotopteridae, the daggertooths.


aphredoderid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Aphredoderidae, the pirate perches.


atherinid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Atherinidae of silversides.


atherinopsid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Atherinopsidae.


aulopid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Aulopidae of flagfins.


bathysaurid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Bathysauridae of deepwater lizardfishes.


bedotiid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Bedotiidae.


centrolophid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Centrolophidae, the medusafishes.


ceratodontid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Neoceratodontidae (until recently known as family Ceratodontidae) (Australian lungfish or barramunda).


cetopsid

(ichthyology) Any catfish in the family Cetopsidae.


chlorophthalmid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Chlorophthalmidae, the greeneyes.


clinid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Clinidae.


cyematid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Cyematidae of bobtail snipe eels.


dactyloscopid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Dactyloscopidae.


embiotocid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Embiotocidae, the surfperches.


ephippid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Ephippidae.


eurypharyngid

Clipping of translingual Eurypharyngidae

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Eurypharyngidae</i>

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Eurypharyngidae, the pelican eels.


evermannellid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Evermannellidae, the sabertooth fishes.


giganturid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Giganturidae, the telescopefish.


gonostomatid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Gonostomatidae.


gymnarchid

Gymnarchus niloticus
Gymnarchus niloticus#Translingual

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Gymnarchidae, consisting of a single species Gymnarchus niloticus of abas or African knifefishes.


hemiscylliid

(ichthyology) Any of the family Hemiscylliidae of sharks.


hexagrammid

(ichthyology) Any member of the family Hexagrammidae of greenlings.


hiodontid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Hiodontidae, the mooneyes.


ipnopid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Ipnopidae of deepsea tripod fishes.


istiophorid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Istiophoridae, the marlins.


kyphosid

The kyphosids are today one of the most primitive percosid families.

1967, Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, volume 135, page 50:

A few apogonids are similarly shaped and pigmented, but none are as robust as kyphosids, and all have a prominent gas bladder and a divided dorsal fin with fewer elements. Heavily pigmented perciform larvae such as Iatids and toxotids have different skin meristics and smaller head spines than kyphosids.

2000, H. J. Walker Jr., F. J. Neira, A. G. Miskiewicz, B. M. Carson-Ewart, “74: Kyphosidae (Rudderfishes, Sea Chubs)”, in Jeffrey Martin Leis, Brooke M. Carson-Ewart, editors, The Larvae of Indo-Pacific Coastal Fishes: An identification guide to marine fish larvae, page 467:

Siganids and kyphosids are less speciose than scarines and acanthurids, and are more conservative in their feeding habitats (Choat 1991, Choat et al 2002).

2009, Alison L. Green, David R. Bellwood, Monitoring Functional Groups of Herbivorous Reef Fishes as Indicators of Coral Reef Resilience, page 21:

(ichthyology) Any of the perciform fish of the family Kyphosidae (the sea chubs).


labrisomid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Labrisomidae.


lamprid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Lamprididae, the opahs.


latimerid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Latimeridae, the coelacanths.


lepidosirenid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Lepidosirenidae of South American lungfishes.


lophotid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Lophotidae, the crestfish or unicornfish.


megalopid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Megalopidae.


melanotaeniid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Melanotaeniidae, the rainbowfishes.


monognathid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Monognathidae of onejaws.


nomeid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Nomeidae, the driftfishes.


notacanthid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Notacanthidae of deep-sea spiny eels.


notopterid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Notopteridae, the featherbacks.


notosudid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Notosudidae, the waryfishes.


omosudid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Omosudidae, which consists of a single known species, the deep-sea hammerjaw (Omosudis lowii).


osteoglossid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Osteoglossidae, the arowanas.


pantodontid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Pantodontidae.


percopsid

These are, the Etheostomids or stone-toters; the Centrarchids or sun-fishes, and kindred forms; the Hyodontids or gizzard-shads; the Percopsids; the Aphredoderids; the Amblyopsids, (blind and cave fishes;) the Amiids or bow-fins, and the Lepidosteids, or alligator gars.

1867, United States. Dept. of Agriculture, Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture for the Year 1866, page 405:

There are, in fact, with the exception of one Percopsid in the Columbia River, no representatives of most of the families which give the stamp of peculiarity to the Union's population; the Etheostomine and indeed all other Percids are wanting, and only a single species of Centrarchids--the Perch of the Sacramento (Archoplites interruptus)--has found its way across the mountains.

1903, George Brown Goode, American Fishes: A Popular Treatise Upon the Game and Food Fishes of North America:

The two Green River percopsids were described in detail in Rosen and Patterson (1969), and the placement of these two species in Percopsidae was verified more recently by Patterson and Rosen (1989).

2001, Gregg F. Gunnell, Eocene Biodiversity: Unusual Occurrences and Rarely Sampled Habitats, page 27:

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Percopsidae, including two living species containing trout-perches and sand rollers


pleuronectid

2006, Larry G. Allen, Daniel J. Pondella II, Chapter 4: Ecological Classification, Larry G. Allen, Michael H. Horn (editors), The Ecology of Marine Fishes: California and Adjacent Waters, 105,
The rockfishes also dominated both the deep northern and southern habitats along with pleuronectids.

Two fish species were found in the diet, with juvenile pleuronectids the most common.

2008, M. Elliott, K. L. Hemingway, M. J. Costello, S. Duhamel, K. Hostens, M. Labropoulou, S. Marshall, H. Winkler, “Chapter 4: Links between Fish and Other Trophic Levels”, in M. Elliott, Krystal L. Hemingway, editors, Fishes in Estuaries, page 152:

The dynamics of those fishes that supported extensive multi-national fisheries in northern temperate and boreal waters (mainly gadids, clupeoids and pleuronectids) became a research priority (Beverton 1992).

2009, J. H. Choat, J. P. Kritzer, J. L. Ackerman, “2. Ageing in Coral Reef Fishes: Do We Need to Validate the Periodicity of Increment Formation for Every Species of Fish for which We Collect Age-based Demographic Data?”, in Bridget S. Geen, Bruce D. Mapstone, Gary Carlos, Gavin A. Begg, editors, Tropical Fish Otoliths, page 24:

(zoology, ichthyology) Any species of the family Pleuronectidae.


polyodontid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Polyodontidae, the paddlefishes.


polypterid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Polypteridae, the bichirs and reedfish.


protopterid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Protopteridae, the African lungfishes.


pseudotrichonotid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Pseudotrichonotidae, the sand-diving lizardfishes.


regalecid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Regalecidae, the oarfishes.


saccopharyngid

(ichthyology) Any in the family Saccopharyngidae of gulper eels.


scatophagid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Scatophagidae.


veliferid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Veliferidae of velifers or sailfin moonfishes.


scopelarchid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Scopelarchidae of pearleyes.


siganid

(ichthyology) Any of the family Siganidae of rabbitfishes.


stromateid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Stromateidae, the butterfishes.


synodontid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Synodontidae, the lizardfishes.


tetragonurid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Tetragonuridae, the squaretails.


trachipterid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Trachipteridae, the ribbonfishes.


tripterygiid

(ichthyology) Any fish in the family Tripterygiidae, the triplefins.


acanthopt

From translingual Acanthopteri (a genus of fish).

der

(ichthyology) A member of the taxonomic superorder of fish, Acanthopterygii.


bait ball

A roughly spherical, very dense school of bait (prey) fish.


labyrinth organ

en-noun

labyrinth organ (plural labyrinth organs)

The labyrinth organ may work a bit like a lung, but it is an entirely different solution to the problem of how to remove oxygen from air.[…]The labyrinth organ is an effective adaptation to low-oxygen habitats.

2002, Gary Elson, Oliver Lucanus, Gouramies and Other Labyrinth Fishes, page 6:

The labyrinth organ fills most of the opercular cavity and is positioned behind and above the gill chamber and extends into the suprabranchial space; hence the name suprabranchial organ.

2008, Tim M. Berra, Freshwater Fish Distribution, page 480:

Anesthesia of fish with labyrinth organs (bettas, some gouramis, etc.) should be approached with caution. Owing to the unique anatomy of the labyrinth organ (enables fish to breathe atmospheric oxygen) and the gills of these fish (thick lamellae and ecreased lamellar surface area), it is possible to "drown" the fish if an overdose of an anesthetic agent is given.

2012, Helen E. Roberts, “MS 222 Anesthesia”, in Jörg Mayer, Thomas M. Donnelly, editors, Clinical Veterinary Advisor: Birds and Exotic Pets, page 513:

(zoology) An organ common to fish of the suborder Anabantoidei that enables them to breathe air.


acousticolateralis

(ichthyology) A system of hearing and vibration detection in fishes.


subbrachian

(ichthyology) Relating to fish of the order Subbrachiales.


subbrachian

(ichthyology, obsolete) Any fish of the order Subbrachiales (syn. Malacopterygii)


oxyrhynchus

/ˌɒksɪˈɹɪŋkəs/

/ˌɑksiˈɹɪŋkəs/

From New Latin oxyrhynchus, from Ancient Greek ὀξῠ́ρρῠγχος (oxŭ́rrhŭnkhos, “a kind of Egyptian fish”) (whence also the place name Ὀξῠ́ρρῠγχος (Oxŭ́rrhŭnkhos), from ὀξῠ́ς (oxŭ́s, “sharp”) + ῥῠ́γχος (rhŭ́nkhos, “snout”).

compound

(ichthyology) a fish with a pointed snout


cleithrum

From Ancient Greek κλεῖθρον (kleîthron).

The secondary arch consists of four pieces of bone, the posttemporal, supracleithrum, cleithrum and postcleithrum.[…]The cleithrum is the largest piece and the other elements are attached to it.

1993, J. J. Videler, Fish Swimming, Springer, page 66:

The main components of which are, from dorsal to ventral, the post-temporal, supracleithrum, cleithrum and the postcleithra.[…]The cleithra of either side of the body are connected with the pharyngeal jaw apparatus and with the urohyal by the bilateral pharyngocleithralis musculature and the median sternohyoideus muscle.

2000, Melanie L. J. Stiassny, “Chapter 6: The Skeletal System”, in Gary Kent Ostrander, editor, The Laboratory Fish, Academic Press, page 116:

In Ichthyostega (Figs 5.2, 5.11), Acanthostega (Fig. 5.20), and also in Hynerpeton (Fig. 5.28C, D) and Ventastega, the cleithrum was relatively reduced, though it was still a substantial dorsally extensive blade.

2012, Jennifer A. Clack, Gaining Ground: The Origin and Evolution of Tetrapods, 2nd edition, Indiana University Press, page 212:

(ichthyology) A large bone in fishes, which extends upward from the base of the pectoral fin and anchors to the cranium above the gills, forming the posterior edge of the gill chamber.


otophysic

Melanoids were formerly placed in the family Moridae; however, they lack an otophysic connection and X-Y caudal bones, and, therefore, are considered to be a separate family (Marshall 1965).

2005, William J. Richards, Early Stages of Atlantic Fishes:

The common features among these species are that (1) the bilateral input originates in whole or in part from the otolithic end organ that is at the point of coupling between the inner ear and a gas-filled structure, and (2) this otophysic coupling is paired.

2012, Richard R Fay, Comparative Hearing: Fish and Amphibians, page 206:

(ichthyology) Of or pertaining to a connection between the swim bladder and inner ear in certain species of fish.


stomiiform

(ichthyology) Of or from the order Stomiiformes of ray-finned fish.


cryptocaryosis

(ichthyology) A parasitic infection of marine fish caused by the ciliate Cryptocaryon irritans.


saccopharyngiform

(ichthyology) Any fish in the order Saccopharyngiformes, the gulper eels.


atheriniform

en-adj

atheriniform (comparative more atheriniform, superlative most atheriniform)

more atheriniform (comparative)
most atheriniform (superlative)

(ichthyology) of or belonging to the order Atheriniformes


atheriniform

(ichthyology) Any fish in the order Atheriniformes


eyeband

(ichthyology, ornithology) A vertical colored streak across the eye.


aspidorhynchiform

Clipping of translingual Aspidorhynchiformes

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Aspidorhynchiformes</i>

(ichthyology) Any extinct fish of the order Aspidorhynchiformes


dermopterotic

(ichthyology) A dermal bone that overlays the pterotic


dermosphenotic

(ichthyology) A superficial dermal bone behind the eye comprising the sixth infraorbital or suborbital


lateral scale

(ichthyology) One of the scales along the midside that spans from the rear edge of the gill cover to the base of the caudal fin of a fish, usually along a lateral line.


supracleithrum

(ichthyology, zoology) A bone of the pectoral girdle situated dorsal to the cleithrum


gravel nest

(zoology, ichthyology) A shallow depression made in the gravel bed of a water body in which fish lay eggs.


active photolocation

(ichthyology) The use of light originating from the organism to illuminate the visual field in order to see into the field of vision.


photolocation

en-noun

photolocation (countable and uncountable, plural photolocations)

(ichthyology) The ability to use light to locate objects in the environment.


leuciscin

en-adj

leuciscin (comparative more leuciscin, superlative most leuciscin)

more leuciscin (comparative)
most leuciscin (superlative)

(ichthyology) Of or relating to the cyprinid tribe Leuciscini


leuciscine

leuciscine (comparative more leuciscine, superlative most leuciscine)

more leuciscine (comparative)
most leuciscine (superlative)

(ichthyology) Of or relating to the cyprinid subfamily Leuciscinae


leuciscine

(ichthyology) Any fish in the cyprinid subfamily Leuciscinae


gephyrocercal

(ichthyology) Having a caudal fin formed by the "bridging" of the dorsal and anal fins


UVC

UVC provided better estimates of the rare or cryptic reef associated species.

2012, Michael Lowry, Heath Folpp, Marcus Gregson, Iain Suthers, “Comparison of baited remote underwater video (BRUV) and underwater visual census (UVC) for assessment of artificial reefs in estuaries”, in Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, volume 416ndash;417, →DOI, →ISSN, retrieved 2022-12-01:

underwater visual census
underwater visual census#English

(ichthyology) Initialism of underwater visual census.


theront

From Ancient Greek θήρ (thḗr, “beast, fantastic animal”) + -ont.

der

(microbiology, ichthyology) The stage where a tomite elongates (swims away) after being released from the cyst.


tomite

(microbiology, ichthyology) The division of a tomont within a cyst.


protomont

(microbiology, ichthyology) An immature or beginning stage of a tomont.


protomite

(microbiology, ichthyology) An immature or beginning form of a tomite.


blackflap blenny

en-noun

blackflap blenny (plural blackflap blennies)

(ichthyology) Cirripectes auritus, a species of combtooth blenny found in saltwater coral reefs of the Western Pacific Ocean.


callorhynchid

(paleontology, ichthyology) A fish in the family Callorhynchidae, now considered a synonym of the Callorhinchidae.


true sole

(ichthyology) Any sole of the family Soleidae.


sisoroid

(ichthyology) Any member of the Sisoroidea superfamily of catfish.


Prussian carp

Prussian carp (plural Prussian carp or Prussian carps)

Prussian carp (plural)
Prussian carps (plural)

(ichthyology) A member of the family Cyprinidae, which includes other fish such as the common carp, goldfish, and the smaller minnows.


Blue Sucker

(ichthyology) A long-lived freshwater species of fish in the sucker family that is of conservation concern.


preural

en-adj

preural (comparative more preural, superlative most preural)

more preural (comparative)
most preural (superlative)

(ichthyology) Pertaining to vertebra supporting the caudal fin.


actinopterygiian

(ichthyology) Of or pertaining to Actinopterygii, the bony finned fish.


lepomid

(ichthyology) Any member of the Lepomis genus of fish.


cetopsine

(ichthyology) Any member of the Cetopsinae subfamily of fishes.


postcleithrum

(ichthyology) A bone in the pectoral girdle of teleost fishes.


rasborin

(ichthyology) Any member of the Rasbora genus of fishes, or similar (Trigonostigma and Boraras).


bariliin

(ichthyology) Any member of an informal group of fishes including Barilius, Aspidoparia, Macrochirichthys, Oxygaster, Parachela, Raiamas, Salmostoma, Securicula.


esomin

(ichthyology) Any member of the Esominae subfamily of fishes.


ocular spark

(ichthyology) A type of ocular radiance, reflecting it into the visual field to illuminate the field of vision, for diurnal active photolocation.


diurnal active photolocation

en-noun

diurnal active photolocation (uncountable)

(ichthyology) The use of daylight for phosphorescence, fluorescence, or reflection, which then illuminates the visual field.


nocturnal active photolocation

nocturnal active photolocation (uncountable)

(ichthyology) The use of nighttime light such as phosphorescence or fluorescence to navigate or locate objects at night.


passive photolocation

(ichthyology) The use of standard vision in order to locate objects in the environment.


coracohyomandibularis

The cranial muscles of batoids are basically similar to sharks, although some of the homologies are unclear (e.g., the "X" muscle of electric rays), the muscles are depressed in form (e.g., preorbitalis), some muscles may be lacking (e.g., intermandibularis), and some muscles may be unique to batoids (e.g., coracohyomandibularis) (Miyake et al., 1992),

2004, Jeffrey C. Carrier, John A. Musick, Michael R. Heithaus, editors, Biology of Sharks and Their Relatives, CRC Press, page 183:

The hypobranchial muscles include the coracoarcualis, coracohyoideus, coracomandibularis, and coracohyomandibularis.

2011, Anthony Farrell, Ernest Donald Stevens, Jeffrey G. Richards, Joseph J. Cech, editors, Encyclopedia of Fish Physiology: From Genome to Environment, volume 3, Elsevier Science, page 458:

Batoids also have two unique muscles that depress the hyomandibular cartilage, a depressor hyomandibularis and coracohyomandibularis muscle (Marion, 1905; Miyake et al., 1992; Wilga and Motta, 1998b).

2015, Anthony Peter Farrell, Colin Brauner, Robert E. Shadwick, editors, Physiology of Elasmobranch Fishes: Structure and Interaction with Environment, Elsevier Science, page 159:

The sternohyoideus extends from the fascia ventral to the coracohyomandibularis and inserts onto the hypohyal cartilage (Figure 5.5E).

2018, Rui Diogo, Janine M. Ziermann, Julia Molnar, Natalia Siomava, Virginia Abdala, Muscles of Chordates: Development, Homologies, and Evolution, CRC Press, unnumbered page:

New muscles also evolved within batoids to move the cranium vertically (levator and depressor rostri), to depress and retract the hyomandibular cartilage (coracohyomandibularis, depressor hyomandibularis), and to depress the lower jaw (depressor mandibularis) (Fig. 8.8) (Miyake 1988; Miyake et al. 1992).

2019, Ian Q. Whishaw, Vincent Bels, editors, Feeding in Vertebrates: Evolution, Morphology, Behavior, Biomechanics, Springer International Publishing, page 249:

(ichthyology, anatomy, uncommon) A certain hypobranchial muscle found in batoid fish.