leap

From Middle English lepen, from Old English hlēapan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaupan, from Proto-Germanic *hlaupaną. Doublet of lope, lowp, elope, gallop, galop, interlope, and loop.
Cognate with West Frisian ljeppe (“to jump”), Dutch lopen (“to run; to walk”), German laufen (“to run; to walk”), Danish løbe (“to run”), Norwegian Bokmål løpe (“to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *klewb- (“to spring, stumble”) (compare Lithuanian šlùbti ‘to become lame’, klùbti ‘to stumble’).

der

Manikanta returned to the palace riding on a royal tiger accompanied by a leap of leopards to the utter surprise of the inhabitants of Pantalam.

I can see it now... a leap of Leopards eating the carcass of a Longhorn out in the Vista....

2005 July 23, Next Windows to be named "Vista".:

Without the Chop Chop Chop Chop Cowville seems almost normal: no hover of helicopters, no leap of leopards.

2009, Cooper, The President's Dilemma: A Novel, page 131:

I felt like the only one of my kind, and all around me were the other kids in their groups like herds of wildebeests and prides of lions and crashes of rhinos and unkindnesses of ravens and leaps of leopards and wrecks of sea hawks.

2017, Sandra Evans, This Is Not a Werewolf Story, page 22:


can

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-can.wav

From Middle English canne, from Old English canne (“glass, container, cup, can”), from Proto-Germanic *kannǭ (“can, tankard, mug, cup”).

kanaçe

a more or less cylindrical vessel for liquids

blik

general term; not normally used for small drink cans

necesejo

non-offensive slang for toilet — see also toilet


hamper

From Middle English hamper, contracted from hanaper, hanypere, from Anglo-Norman hanaper, Old French hanapier, hanepier (“case for holding a large goblet or cup”), from hanap (“goblet, drinking cup”), from Frankish *hnapp (“cup, bowl, basin”), from Proto-Germanic *hnappaz (“cup, bowl”).
Cognate with Old High German hnapf (“cup, bowl, basin”) (German Napf (“bowl”)), Dutch nap (“cup”), Old English hnæpp (“bowl”). More at nap.


case

→ Swedish: case n

From Middle English cas, from Old French cas (“an event”), from Latin cāsus (“a falling, a fall; accident, event, occurrence; occasion, opportunity; noun case”), perfect passive participle of cadō (“to fall, to drop”).

der

Jane has been studying case in Caucasian languages.

Latin is a language that employs case.

(grammar, uncountable) Grammatical cases and their meanings taken either as a topic in general or within a specific language.


case

From Middle English case, from Old Northern French casse (compare Old French chasse (“box, chest, case”)), from Latin capsa (“box, bookcase”), from capiō (“to take, seize, hold”). Doublet of cash, chase, and chasse. Compare Spanish caja, Asturian caxa, Portuguese caixa.

a single case of Bud Light

A cardboard box that holds (usually 24) beer bottles or cans.


bucket

→ Farefare: bɔgtɛ

→ Japanese: バケツ (baketsu)

→ Maori: pākete

From Middle English buket, boket, partly from Old English bucc ("bucket, pitcher"; mod. dialectal buck), equivalent to bouk + -et; and partly from Anglo-Norman buket, buquet (“tub; pail”) (compare Norman boutchet, Norman bouquet), diminutive of Old French buc (“abdomen; object with a cavity”), from Vulgar Latin *būcus (compare Occitan and Catalan buc, Italian buco, buca (“hole, gap”)), from Frankish *būk (“belly, stomach”). Both the Old English and Frankish terms derive from Proto-Germanic *būkaz (“belly, stomach”). More at bouk.

gloss

"bucket, pitcher"; mod. dialectal <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">buck</i>

der

Avoid bulky styles such as duffle sacks, buckets, doctors' satchels, and hobos.

1989, Susan Ludwig, Janice Steinberg, Petite Style, page 46:


safe

en-adj

safe (comparative safer or more safe, superlative safest or most safe)

safer (comparative)
more safe (comparative)
safest (superlative)
most safe (superlative)

→ Japanese: セーフ

From Middle English sauf, safe, saf, saaf, from Old French sauf, saulf, salf (“safe”), from Latin salvus (“whole, safe”), from Proto-Italic *salwos, from Proto-Indo-European *solh₂- (“whole, every”).
Displaced native Old English sicor (secure, sure).

der

You’ll be safe here.

kestävä

not in danger from a specified source of harm

(programming) Of a programming language, type-safe or more generally offering well-defined behavior despite programming errors.


safe

→ German: Safe

→ Russian: сейф (sejf)

→ Kazakh: сейф (seif)

→ Bulgarian: сейф (sejf)


basket

en-noun

basket (countable and uncountable, plural baskets)

→ Cornish: basket

→ Irish: bascaed

→ Welsh: basged

From Middle English basket, from Anglo-Norman baschet, basket, bascat, of obscure origin.
One theory is that it derives from Late Latin bascauda (“kettle, table-vessel”), from Proto-Brythonic (in Breton baskodenn), from Proto-Celtic *baskis (“bundle, load”), from purported Proto-Indo-European *bʰask- (“bundle”), but this is now widely viewed as a substrate word for phonetic reasons. Related to Latin fascis (“bundle, package, load”) (whence English fasces), Albanian bokshe (“bundle”), Breton bac'h (“bundle, load”), Ancient Greek φάκελος (phákelos) and βάσκιοι (báskioi) (“bundle (of sticks)”); see also faggot (“(originally) bundle of sticks”).

unk

obscure

buslo

a large, deep basket used especially in marketing

pangnan

a small basket used by fishermen or to hold flowers or fruit

Baw! damme, but I'll fight you both, one after the other——with baskets.

1773, Oliver Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conquer:

(archaic) A protection for the hand on a sword or a singlestick; a guard of a bladed weapon.


bottle

Bislama: botel

Jamaican Creole: bokl, bakl

Sranan Tongo: batra

Aukan: bataa

→ Kari'na: patere

Tok Pisin: botol

Borrowings

→ Assamese: বটল (botol)

→ Brunei Malay: butul

→ Cornish: botel

→ Dutch: bottel (see there for further descendants)

→ Ese: butorua

→ Fiji Hindi: botal

→ Gamilaraay: baadhal

→ Georgian: ბოთლი (botli)

→ Gujarati: બાટલી (bāṭlī)

→ Gulf Arabic: بطل (buṭuḷ)

→ Kannada: ಬಾಟಲಿ (bāṭali)

desctree

→ Malay: botol
→ Hokkien: 帽突 (bō-tu̍t), 瓿瓵 (bo̍t-toi)
Indonesian: botol

→ Papiamentu: bòter

→ Maori: pātara

→ Marathi: बाटली (bāṭlī)

→ Nepali: बोतल (botal)

→ Pashto: بوتل (botál)

→ Pennsylvania German: Boddel

→ Persian: بطری (botri)

→ Pohnpeian: pwoatoal

→ Punjabi: ਬੋਤਲ (botal)

→ Samo: botolo

→ Scottish Gaelic: botal

→ Shona: bhotoro

→ Sinhalese: බෝතලය (bōtalaya)

→ Swazi: libhodlela

→ Welsh: potel

→ Xhosa: ibhotile, imbodlela

→ Yiddish: באָטל (botl)

→ Zulu: bhodlela

From Middle English botel (“bottle, flask, wineskin”), from Old French boteille, from Late Latin butticula, diminutive of buttis (“cask”). Doublet of botija.
Displaced native and pinne and non-native Old English ampella. Broadly overtook Old English flasce.

inh

Beer is often sold in bottles.

He had one hand on the bounce bottle—and he’d never let go of that since he got back to the table—but he had a handkerchief in the other and was swabbing his deadlights with it.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter VI, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y.; London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

A container, typically made of glass or plastic and having a tapered neck, used primarily for holding liquids.

You don’t have the bottle to do that!

He was going to ask her out, but he lost his bottle when he saw her.

(British, informal) (originally "bottle and glass" as rhyming slang for "arse") Nerve, courage.

Did you know he’s a bottle brunette? His natural hair color is strawberry blonde.

(attributive, of a person with a particular hair color) A container of hair dye, hence with one’s hair color produced by dyeing.


bottle

en-verb

bottle (third-person singular simple present bottles, present participle bottling, simple past and past participle bottled)

bottles (present singular third-person)
bottling (participle present)
bottled (participle past)
bottled (past)

Because of complications she can't breast feed her baby and so she bottles him.

(transitive, British) To feed (an infant) baby formula.


box

From Latin bōx, from Ancient Greek βῶξ (bôx, “box (marine fish)”), from βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + ὤψ (ṓps, “eye, view”), a reference to the large size of the fish's eyes relative to its body.

nb...

The Engravings by J􂀿oseph􂁀 W􂀿ilson􂁀 Lowry and Thomas Landseer, from Original Drawings by Sowerby, Varley, Holmes, Bone, Pyne, Lowry, and Charles Landseer; with Descriptive Letter-press Embracing a Systematic View of the Animal Kingdom, according to Cuvier, with Characteristic Anecdotes and Narratives Selected from the Works of Recent Naturalists.

BOX. Box (Boops), […] In both jaws a single anterior series of broad incisors, notched at the cutting margin; no molars.

1859, Albert Günther, “Fam. 7. SPARIDÆ”, in Catalogue of Acanthopterygian Fishes in the Collection of the British Museum, volume I (Gasterosteidæ, Berycidæ, Percidæ, Aphredoderidæ, Pristipomatidæ, Mullidæ, Sparidæ), London: Printed [by Taylor and Francis] by order of the trustees [of the British Museum], →OCLC, page 418:

The Bogue. […] Box or Boops. Generic Character.—Body elongated, rounded, the dorsal and ventral profiles alike, and the general aspect peculiarly trim.

1860, William Yarrell, “The Bogue”, in John Richardson, editor, Second Supplement to the First Edition of the History of British Fishes, […], London: John Van Voorst, […], →OCLC, page 6:

BOGUE. BOX. OXEYE. […] In some parts of the European side of the Mediterranean the Bogue is a common fish, and where it frequents it is in great abundance.

1862, Jonathan Couch, A History of the Fishes of the British Islands, volume I, London: Groombridge and Sons, […], →OCLC, page 225:

(dated) A Mediterranean food fish of the genus Boops, which is a variety of sea bream; a bogue or oxeye.


drawer

→ Welsh: drôr

From draw (“to move by pulling”) + -er; compare French tiroir. Attested from the 16th century.

/ˈdɹɔː.ə(ɹ)/

/ˈdɹɔːɹə(ɹ)/

He knelt down and began shoving the drawer into the slot; the rail was misaligned so he banged it with the heel of his hand. It stuck.

2008, Jesmyn Ward, Where the Line Bleeds, Bloomsbury (2018), page 144:

An open-topped box that can be slid in and out of the cabinet that contains it, used for storing clothing or other articles.

laai

open-topped box in a cabinet used for storing


drawer

Middle English drawer, from draw + -er (agent noun suffix). Attested from the 14th century.

/ˈdɹɔː.ə(ɹ)/

/ˈdɹɔːɹə(ɹ)/

There is no doubt that the stipulation of nonguarantee of an acceptance inserted in a bill of exchange by the drawer has the effect of excluding the liability of guarantee for the indorsers as well as for the drawer.

1913, United States Congressional Serial Set, volume 6526, page 276:

(banking) One who writes a bank draft, check/cheque, or promissory note.

出票人

one who writes a bank draft, check/cheque or promissory note

When the good lieutenant applied himself to the door, he applied himself likewise to the bell; and the drawer immediately attending, he dispatched him for a file of musqueteers and a surgeon.

1749, Henry Fielding, chapter XII, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book VII:

He came down to the Pied Horse Inn, where I was a drawer, at Newmarket, twice.

1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard:

A barman; a person who draws the beer from the taps.


vessel

vessels (plural)
vessell (alternative obsolete)

Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *wāss
Latin vās
Proto-Indo-European *-lós
Proto-Italic *-elom
Latin -ulum
Latin -culum
Latin vāsculum
Proto-Italic *-elom
Latin -lum
Late Latin vāscellum
Old French vaisselbor.
Middle English vessel
English vessel
Inherited from Middle English vessel, vessell (“small container”); from Old French vaissel (compare modern French vaisseau and Catalan vaixell), from Late Latin vāscellum, diminutive of vāsculum, diminutive of vās (“vase, vessel”).

etymon

A container of liquid or other substance, such as a glass, goblet, cup, bottle, bowl, or pitcher.


pail

desc

→ Kashubian: pil (Canada, United States)

From Middle English payle (“bucket, pail, milking pail”), of uncertain origin.
Likely from Old English pæġel (“wine vessel, container for liquids, pail; a liquid measure”), from Proto-West Germanic *pagil, from Proto-Indo-European *bak- (“peg, club”), equivalent to peg + -le. Compare German Pegel (“level of liquid, level”), Middle Dutch pegel (“half-pint”), Danish pægl (“half-pint”).
Alternatively from Old French paielle (“frying pan, warming pan; a liquid measure”), from Latin patella (“small pan, shallow dish, platter”), diminutive of patina (“broad shallow pan, stewpan”). Perhaps a conflation of both.

unk

uncertain

der

(In technical use) A closed (covered) cylindrical shipping container.


hanaper

From Medieval Latin hanaperium (“a large vase”), extended from hanapus (“bowl, cup”). Doublet of hamper.

bor

A kind of basket, usually of wickerwork, and adapted for the packing and carrying of articles; a hamper

an office of the English court of chancery in which writs relating to the business of the public


tank

→ Afrikaans: tenk

→ Albanian: tank

→ Gulf Arabic: تانْكي (tānki)

→ Armenian: տանկ (tank)

→ Assamese: টেংকি (teṅki)

→ Asturian: tanque

→ Azerbaijani: tank

→ Bashkir: танк (tank)

→ Belarusian: танк (tank)

→ Bengali: ট্যাংক (ṭêṅko)

→ Burmese: တင့်ကား (tang.ka:)

→ Buryat: танк (tank)

→ Catalan: tanc

→ Chechen: танк (tank)

→ Chinese:

Mandarin: 坦克 (tǎnkè)

→ Chuvash: танк (tank)

→ Czech: tank

→ Danish: tank

→ Dutch: tank

→ Dzongkha: ཏེངཀ (tengk)

→ Eastern Mari: танк (tank)

→ Estonian: tank

→ Fiji Hindi: tanki

→ Finnish: tankki

→ French: tank

→ Galician: tanque

→ Georgian: ტანკი (ṭanḳi)

→ German: Tank

→ Greek: τανκ (tank)

→ Greenlandic: tanki

→ Hebrew: טנק (tank)

desctree

→ Hindi: टंकी (ṭaṅkī)
→ Burmese: တိုင်ကီ (tuingki)

→ Hungarian: tank

→ Indonesian: tank

→ Italian: tank, tanca

→ Japanese: タンク (tanku)

→ Kazakh: танк (tank)

→ Korean: 탱크 (taengkeu)

→ Kumyk: танк (tank)

→ Kyrgyz: танк (tank)

→ Lao: ຖັງ (thang)

→ Latvian: tanks

→ Lezgi: танк (tank)

→ Lithuanian: tankas

→ Macedonian: тенк (tenk)

→ Malay: tank

→ Maori: taika

→ Norwegian: tank, tanks

→ Ossetian: танк (tank)

→ Persian: تانک (tânk)

desc

→ Portuguese: tanque (“armored vehicle”)

→ Quechua: tanki

→ Romanian: tanc

→ Romansch: tanc

desctree

→ Russian: танк (tank), танкъ (tank) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Armenian: տանկ (tank)
→ Kazakh: танк (tank)
→ Mongolian: танк (tank)

→ Carpathian Rusyn: танк (tank)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тенк

Latin script: tenk

→ Sidamo: tanke

→ Slovak: tank

→ Slovene: tank

→ Swahili: tangi

→ Tajik: танк (tank), тонк (tonk)

→ Tamil: தாங்கி (tāṅki)

→ Tatar: танк (tank)

→ Thai: ถัง (tǎng)

→ Tokelauan: tane

→ Turkish: tank

→ Turkmen: tank

→ Ukrainian: танк (tank)

→ Upper Sorbian: tank

→ Urdu: ٹینک (ṭaink)

→ Uyghur: تانكا (tanka)

→ Uzbek: tank

→ Vietnamese: xe tăng, tăng

→ Walloon: tank

→ Welsh: tanc

→ Yakut: тааҥка (taañka)

→ Yiddish: טאַנק (tank)

From Portuguese tanque (“tank, liquid container”), from an Indo-Aryan language such as Gujarati ટાંકી (ṭā̃kī, “cistern”) or Marathi टांकी (ṭāṅkī). Compare the Arabic verb اِسْتَنْقَعَ (istanqaʕa, “to become stagnant, to stagnate”).
In the sense of armoured vehicle, first attested in 1915, prototypes were described as tanks for carrying water to disguise their nature as well as due to physical resemblance.

der

I burned three tanks of gas on the drive to New York.

The amount held by a container; a tankful.

The journalist mistook the self-propelled artillery vehicle for a tank.

Few remember the female tanks that were produced between the World Wars.

Tank beats everything! Oh, man! I could do this all day!

2007 September 25, Bungie, Halo 3, Microsoft Game Studios, Xbox 360, level/area: The Ark:

armoured fighting vehicle
armoured fighting vehicle

An armoured fighting vehicle, armed with a gun designed for direct fire, and moving on caterpillar tracks.

chidí naaʼnaʼí beeʼeldǫǫh bikááʼ dah naaznilígíí


tank

w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909

A small Indian dry measure, averaging 240 grains in weight.


pot

Possibly a shortened form of Mexican Spanish potiguaya or potaguaya (“cannabis leaves”), or potación de guaya (literally “drink of grief”), supposedly denoting a drink of wine or brandy in which marijuana buds were steeped, from pota + de + guaya (see guayar (“to lament”)).

The way we figure it, ma'am, if everybody walked around naked, smoked pot and listened to rock'n'roll, there wouldn't be any more wars!

1968 July, Shel Silverstein, “Silverstein's Hippies”, in Playboy Magazine, page 189:


vat

Inherited from Middle English vat, a dialectal variant of fat (“vat, vessel, cask”), from Old English fæt (“vat, vessel”), from Proto-West Germanic *fat, from Proto-Germanic *fatą (“vessel”), from Proto-Indo-European *pod- (“vessel”).
Cognate with Scots fat, vat, vautt (“vat, cask, tub”), West Frisian fet, Dutch vat (“barrel, cask, vessel, vat”), German Fass (“barrel, keg, drum, cask, vat”), Danish fad (“saucer, dish”), Swedish fat (“dish, barrel, cask, vat”), Icelandic fat (“dish, saucer”). See fat.

cog

(dated) A liquid measure and dry measure; especially, a liquid measure in Belgium and Holland, corresponding to the hectolitre of the metric system, which contains 22.01 imperial gallons, or 26.4 standard gallons in the United States.


trash

en-noun

trash (countable and uncountable, plural trashes)

From Middle English trasch, trassh, probably a dialectal form of *trass (compare Orkney truss, English dialectal trous), from Old Norse tros (“rubbish, fallen leaves and twigs”), perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *þrakjaz (“dirt”). Pokorny instead derives it from Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”).
Compare Norwegian trask (“lumber, trash, baggage”), Swedish trasa (“rag, cloth, worthless fellow”), Swedish trås (“dry fallen twigs, wood-waste”). Compare also Old English þreax (“rottenness, rubbish”).

cog

one man's trash is another man's treasure

(chiefly Canada, US, metonymic) A container into which things are discarded.


saggar

en-noun

saggar (countable and uncountable, plural saggars)

Uncertain; possibly a contracted form of safeguard.


horn

horn (countable and uncountable, plural horns)

From Middle English horn, horne, from Old English horn, from Proto-West Germanic *horn, from Proto-Germanic *hurną. Compare West Frisian hoarn, Dutch hoorn, Low German Hoorn, horn, German Horn, Danish and Swedish horn, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌽 (haurn).
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂-nó-m, from *ḱerh₂- (“head, horn”). Compare Breton kern (“horn”), Latin cornū, Ancient Greek κέρας (kéras), Proto-Slavic *sьrna, Old Church Slavonic сьрна (sĭrna, “roedeer”), Hittite [script needed] (surna, “horn”), Persian سر (sar), Sanskrit शृङ्ग (śṛṅga, “horn”). Doublet of corn (“callus”), corno, and cornu.
(telephone): From the horn-shaped earpieces of old communication systems that used air tubes.

doublet

(countable) Any of several musical wind instruments.


luggage

en-noun

luggage (usually uncountable, plural luggages)

1590s, lug (“to drag”) + -age, literally “that which is lugged, dragged around”. Duplicate -g- is to clarify pronunciation of the vowel ‘u’ (which is pronounced unchanged from lug). Compare baggage.

August 4, 1726, Jonathan Swift, letter to Alexander Pope
I am gathering up my luggage, and preparing for my journey.

(uncountable) The bags and other containers that hold a traveller's belongings.

(uncountable) The contents of such containers.

I assisted some time ago in cutting up a tree, that made tolerably good turns or luggage for nineteen or twenty persons, which could be procured for about two dollars at the stump.

1858, “Letter from Rev. George L. Seymour”, in The African Repository and Colonial Journal, volume 34, page 13:

The passengers injured who could not get out were removed out by the railway staff, and then taking part of the luggage the train started back for Burdwan.

1875, W. G. Willson, Report of the Midnapore and Burdwan Cyclone of the 15th and 16th of October 1874:

Namely, leaving my luggages at the Government hostel, to go straight out by taxi (oh, so slow, compared with our sleek Lagos limousines!) to the famous central Piccadilly Tube station where I took a onestop ticket, went down on the escalator, and then ran up the same steps in the wrong direction.

1964 [1957], Colin MacInnes, City of Spades, London: Penguin Books, page 15:

(countable, nonstandard or obsolete) A specific bag or container holding a traveller's belongings.


envelope

PIE word
 *h₁én
From French enveloppe. The engineering sense is derived from flight envelope. The verb is from the noun.

They have no internal or external support structure, being simply a fabric bag (or envelope) filled with a lighter than air gas. Inside the envelope are one or more "ballonets", or smaller bags, which help maintain the envelope's shape.

1992, Lieutenant Colonel Donald E. Ryan, Jr, The airship's potential for intertheater and intratheater airlift, DIANE Publishing, page 46:

A bag containing the lifting gas of a balloon or airship; fabric that encloses the gas-bags of an airship.


suitcase

suitcases (plural)
suit-case (alternative archaic)

→ Japanese: スーツケース (sūtsukēsu)

→ Korean: 슈트케이스 (syuteukeiseu)

(computing) In the Classic Mac OS operating system, a file containing fonts, icons, sounds, and other resources.


chest

chests (plural)
chist (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English cheste, chiste, from Old English ċest, ċist (“chest, casket; coffin; rush basket; box”), from Proto-West Germanic *kistu (“chest, box”), from Latin cista (“chest, box”), from Ancient Greek κίστη (kístē, “chest, box, basket, hamper”).

der

You can take the money from the chest.

The place in which public money is kept; a treasury.

She scored with a chest into the goal.

rinta

hit or blow made with front of one's chest


chest

en-verb

chest (third-person singular simple present chests, present participle chesting, simple past and past participle chested)

chests (present singular third-person)
chesting (participle present)
chested (participle past)
chested (past)
chist (alternative obsolete)

Pedersen fed Kalinic in West Brom's defensive third and his chested lay-off was met on the burst by the Canadian who pelted by Tamas and smashed the ball into the top of Myhill's net.

2011 January 23, Alistair Magowan, “Blackburn 2 - 0 West Brom”, in BBC:

To hit with one's chest (front of one's body)


inkwell

inkwells (plural)
ink well (alternative)
ink-well (alternative)

you don't dip your pen in the company inkwell

The reference library itself proclaimed the substance of the city with its solid elbow chairs and long mahogany tables, grooved along the edge to hold a pen, and in the centre of each table a massive pewter inkwell.

2011, Alan Bennett, “Baffled at a Bookcase”, in London Review of Books, XXXIII.15:

A container for ink, designed and usually positioned so that a person may conveniently dip a pen into it whenever a refill is needed.

tinter (used in both standard Catalan and Algherese)


vase

Borrowed from Middle French vase, from Latin vās. Doublet of vas.

(architecture) The body of the Corinthian capital.


chamber

From Middle English chambre, borrowed from Old French chambre, from Latin camera, from Ancient Greek καμάρα (kamára, “vaulted chamber”). Doublet of camera.

der

A committee of marriageable ladies, or of any Christian persons interested in the propagation of the domestic virtues, should employ a Cruikshank or a Leech, or some other kindly expositor of the follies of the day, to make a series of designs representing the horrors of a bachelor's life in chambers, and leading the beholder to think of better things, and a more wholesome condition.

1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, “Which Had Very Nearly Been the Last of the Story”, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume II, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1850, →OCLC, page 120:

(dated, usually in the plural) Rooms in a lodging house.

A room or set of rooms
Rooms in a lodging house.

"Jesus Christ! Was my folks refined. My mam she wouldn't think-a lettin' us young'uns call a pee pot a pee pot. A chamber's what she called it... And by God! Us young'uns had ter call the pee pot a chamber or git our God damn necks wrang."

1946, Elizabeth Metzger Howard, Before the Sun Goes Down, page 31:

(obsolete) Ellipsis of chamber pot (“a container used for urination and defecation in one's chambers”).

chamber pot

(historical) A short piece of ordnance or cannon which stood on its breech without any carriage, formerly used chiefly for celebrations and theatrical cannonades.


keg

kegs (plural)
cag (alternative)
kag (alternative dialectal)
kager (alternative dialectal)

dated, New England, Virginia, South Carolina

From Middle English kag, from Old Norse kaggi (“keg”), likely a diminutive of Proto-Germanic *kagô (“bush, branch, stalk, stump”). Cognate with Icelandic kaggi (“keg; cask”), Norwegian kagg (“keg”), Swedish kagge (“keg”), Low German kag (“vessel; craft”), Dutch kaag (“vessel; craft”). Compare also English cag and chag.
The modern form keg with /ɛ/ is due to a dialectal raising of /a///æ/ to /ɛ/ before velars (cf. fleg); the expected form is preserved in dialectal /kæɡ/, while /keɪɡ/ reflects further raising that occurred in some dialects.

He bore on his shoulder a stout keg, that seemed full of liquor, and made signs for Rip to approach and assist him with his load.

1819 June 23, Geoffrey Crayon [pseudonym; Washington Irving], “Rip Van Winkle”, in The Sketch Book of Geoffrey Crayon, Gent., number I, New York, N.Y.: […] C[ornelius] S. Van Winkle, […], →OCLC, page 72:

A round, traditionally wooden container of lesser capacity than a barrel, often used to store beer.

տակառիկ

round container of lesser capacity than a barrel


keg

en-verb

keg (third-person singular simple present kegs, present participle kegging, simple past and past participle kegged)

kegs (present singular third-person)
kegging (participle present)
kegged (participle past)
kegged (past)
cag (alternative)
kag (alternative dialectal)
kager (alternative dialectal)

(UK) The pulling down of someone's trousers or kegs, oftentimes as a kind of bullying or prank.


bowl

Bislama: bol

→ Esperanto: bovlo

desctree

→ French: bol
→ Catalan: bol
→ Greek: μπολ (bol)

→ German: Bowle, → Bowl

→ Hungarian: bólé

→ Ido: bolo

→ Irish: bolla

→ Japanese: ボール (bōru)

→ Latvian: bole (probably via German)

→ Korean: 볼 (bol)

→ Scottish Gaelic: bòl

→ Swedish: bål

From Middle English bolle, from Old English bolla, bolle (“bowl, cup, pot, beaker, measure”), from Proto-West Germanic *bollā, from Proto-Germanic *bullǭ (“ball, round vessel, bowl”).
Cognate with North Frisian bol (“bun, bread roll”), Middle Low German bolle, bole (“round object”), Dutch bol (“ball, sphere, scoop, dot”), German Bolle (“bulb”), Danish bolle (“bowl, bread roll”), Icelandic bolli (“cup”). Doublet of boule and pulla.

inh

(American football) A postseason football competition, a bowl game (i.e. Rose Bowl, Super Bowl)


quiver

From Middle English quiver, from Anglo-Norman quivre, from Old Dutch cocare (source of Dutch koker, and cognate to Old English cocer (“quiver, case”)), from Proto-West Germanic *kokar (“container”), said to be from Hunnic, possibly from Proto-Mongolic *kökexür (“leather vessel for liquids”); see there for more. Replaced early modern cocker, the inherited reflex of that West Germanic word.
The mathematical sense originated as German Köcher in a 1972 paper by Pierre Gabriel; it was likely chosen because a quiver contains arrows, while a digraph contains directed edges (also called "arrows").

դող

shaking or moving with a slight trembling motion

Don Pedro: Nay, if Cupid have not spent all his quiver in Venice, thou wilt quake for this shortly.

1598–1599 (first performance), William Shakespeare, “Much Adoe about Nothing”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i], line 271:

Arrows were carried in quiver, called also an arrow case, which served for the magazine, arrows for immediate use were worn in the girdle.

1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 39:

(weaponry) A container for arrows, crossbow bolts or darts, such as those fired from a bow, crossbow or blowgun.


sheath

From Middle English sheth, shethe (“holder for a sword, knife, etc., scabbard, sheath”) [and other forms], from Old English sċēaþ (“sheath”), from Proto-West Germanic *skaiþiju, from Proto-Germanic *skaiþiz (“sheath; covering”), from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to dissect, split”) (possibly from the notion of a split stick with a sword inserted).
The English word is cognate with Danish skede, Dutch schede, Icelandic skeið, German Scheide, Low German scheed, Norwegian skjede.

nb...

chethe, scǽð, scaþ, schede, schete, scheth, schethe, seaþ, seeth, seth, sethe, shæþ, shede, sheethe, sheith, (Southwest) ssethe, sseþe, (early forms) scæðe, scaþe, seaþe

der

(by extension) Anything that has a similar shape to a scabbard that is used to hold an object that is longer than it is wide.

(entomology) One of the elytra of an insect.

(zoology) The foreskin of certain animals (for example, dogs and horses).


phial

→ Irish: fial

The noun is derived partly:
* from Middle English fiole, phiole, phial (“small bowl or cup for liquids, etc.; flask”) [and other forms], from Middle French fiole, phiole [and other forms], and Old French fiole (modern French fiole), from Late Latin fiola, phiola, from Latin phiala (“broad, flat, shallow bowl or cup”), from Ancient Greek φιάλη (phiálē, “round and shallow bowl, pan, or saucer”), probably from Pre-Greek; and
* directly from Latin phiala (see above).
The verb is derived from the noun.
Doublet of vial.
Cognates
* Catalan fiola
* French fiole
* Italian fiala
* Old Occitan fiola (Occitan fiòla)

nb...

fial, fialle, fiol, fyale, fyall, fyol, fyole, fyoll, vial, viel, viele, viole

der

VVo to you that are rich in Sion, and haue confidence in the mountaine of Samaria: […] That drinke vvine in phials, and are annoynted vvith the beſt oyntment: and they ſuffred nothing vpon the contrition of Ioſeph.

1610, The Second Tome of the Holie Bible, […] (Douay–Rheims Bible), Doway: Lavrence Kellam, […], →OCLC, Amos 6:1 and 6, pages 835–836:

And when he had taken the booke, the foure Beaſts, and foure and twenty Elders fel down before the Lambe, hauing euery one of them harps, and golden vials full of odours, which are the prayers of Saints.

The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], 1611, →OCLC, Revelation 5:8, column 1:

AA Is a glaſs phial filled vvith mercury to the ſuperficies DD, or thereabout.

1682, Robert Boyle, “A Continuation of New Experiments Physico-Mechanical, Touching the Spring and Weight of the Air, and Their Effects. The Second Part. […]. Iconisme III. How Factitious Air may be Transmitted out of One Receiver into Another.”, in The Works of the Honourable Robert Boyle. […], volume IV, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], published 1744, →OCLC, page 103, column 2:

And I heard a great voyce out of the Temple, ſaying to the ſeven Angels, Goe your wayes, and powre out the vials of the wrath of God vpõ the earth.

The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], 1611, →OCLC, Revelation 16:1, column 2:

You must open the middle drawer of my toilet-table and take out a little phial and a little glass you will find there,—quick! […] He held out the tiny glass, and I half filled it from the water bottle on the wash-stand. / “That will do:—now wet the lip of the phial.” / I did so: he measured twelve drops of a crimson liquid, and presented it to Mason. / “Drink, Richard: it will give you the heart you lack, for an hour or so.”

1847 October 16, Currer Bell [pseudonym; Charlotte Brontë], chapter V, in Jane Eyre. An Autobiography. […], volume II, London: Smith, Elder, and Co., […], →OCLC, page 127:

Thou still, upon the broad vine-sheltered path, / Mayst wait the turning of the phials of wrath / For certain years, for certain months and days.

1881, Dante Gabriel Rossetti, “‘Retro Me, Sathana!’”, in Ballads and Sonnets, London: Ellis and White, […], →OCLC, page 252:

In testimony of the affection of the American people, of their confidence in your [Marie Curie's] scientific work, and of their earnest wish that your genius and energy may receive all encouragement to carry forward your efforts for the advance of science and conquest of disease, I have been commissioned to present to you this little phial of radium.

1921 May 20, [Warren Harding], Remarks of the President in Presenting to Madam Curie a Gift of Radium from the American People […], Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 4:

He sat musing for a little with the phial in his hand, looking at the clear liquid within.

1923 March, Arthur Conan Doyle, “The Adventure of the Creeping Man”, in The Case Book of Sherlock Holmes, New York, N.Y.: A[lbert] L[evi] Burt Company, published June 1927, →OCLC, page 233:

She held up a small crystal phial: it glittered as she moved it, and rays of white light sprang from her hand.

1954 July 29, J[ohn] R[onald] R[euel] Tolkien, “Farewell to Lórien”, in The Fellowship of the Ring: Being the First Part of The Lord of the Rings, New York, N.Y.: Ballantine Books, published September 1973, →ISBN, page 487:

(dated) A bottle or other vessel for containing a liquid; originally any such vessel, especially one for holding a beverage; now (specifically), a small, narrow glass bottle with a cap used to hold liquid chemicals, medicines, etc.


scuttle

She scarce gave me time to return her salute, before she quitted the shop with an easy scuttle, and stepped again into her coach

1712 November 25 (Gregorian calendar), [Joseph Addison], “FRIDAY, November 14, 1712”, in The Spectator, number 536; republished in Alexander Chalmers, editor, The Spectator; a New Edition, […], volume VI, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton & Company, 1853, →OCLC:


ashtray

From ash + tray. Compare German Aschenbecher.

Near-synonym: ash stand

A receptacle for ash and butts from cigarettes and cigars.


bin

From Middle English bynne, from Old English binn (“crib, manger”), from Proto-West Germanic *binnu, *binnā, from Gaulish benna (“four-wheeled cart; caisson”) (compare Old Irish buinne, Welsh ben (“cart”), Old Breton benn (“caisson”)). Cognate with West Frisian bin (“wicker basket”), Middle Dutch benne (“basket”), whence modern Dutch ben (“wicker basket”), German Benne (“wheelbarrow”).

a rubbish bin

a wastepaper bin

an ashes bin

British journalists shun complete respectability, feeling a duty to be ready to savage the mighty, or rummage through their bins. Elsewhere in Europe, government contracts and subsidies ensure that press barons will only defy the mighty so far.

2013 August 10, Lexington, “Keeping the mighty honest”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:

Free up my G's locked in the bin
Jail house comin' like subs
one comes out then one goes in

2018 October 22, “Subs”, Slipz of Hoxton (lyrics):

(MLE, MTE, slang, uncommon) Jail or prison.

At the moment, and in "an emergency", you or I could be sent to the bin, willy-nilly, on the say-so of a single doctor (who may never have seen us before, and need have no particular experience of mental illness), so long as the application is supported by one of our relatives, or by a "social worker".

1973, New Scientist, volume 58, number 852, page 822:

“She’s crazy,” I said. “She should be in a bin.”

(slang) Ellipsis of loony bin (“lunatic asylum”).

(video post-production) A digital file folder for organising media in a non-linear editing program.


jar

Inherited from Middle English jarre (“jar”), from Medieval Latin jarra, or from Middle French jarre (“liquid measure”) (from Old French jare; modern French jarre (“earthenware jar”)), or from Spanish jarra, jarro (“jug, pitcher; mug, stein”), all from Arabic جَرَّة (jarra, “earthen receptacle”).
The word is cognate with Italian giara (“jar; crock”), Occitan jarro, Portuguese jarra, jarro (“jug; ewer, pitcher”).
The verb is derived from the noun.

der

caught with one's fingers in the cookie jar

(British, Ireland, colloquial) A pint glass


barrel

barrels (plural)
barrell (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English barel, from Anglo-Norman baril, Old French baril, bareil (“barrel”), of uncertain origin. An attempt to link baril to Old French barre (“bar, bolt”) (compare Medieval Latin barra (“bar, rod”)) via assumed Vulgar Latin *barrīculum meets the phonological requirement, but fails to connect the word semantically. The alternative connection to Frankish *baril, *beril or Gothic *𐌱𐌴𐍂𐌹𐌻𐍃 (*bērils, “container for transport”), from Proto-Germanic *barilaz, *bērilaz (“barrel, jug, container”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to carry, transport”), is more plausible as it connects not only the form of the word but also the sense; equivalent to bear + -le. Compare also Old High German biril (“jug, large pot”), Luxembourgish Bärel, Bierel (“jug, pot”), Old Norse berill (“barrel for liquids”), Old English byrla (“barrel of a horse, trunk, body”). More at bear.

vat

round vessel made from staves bound with a hoop

(surfing) A wave that breaks with a hollow compartment.

tynnyri

surfing: wave that breaks with a hollow compartment


kilderkin

kilderkins (plural)
kinderkin (alternative)

Late Middle English, from Middle Dutch kinderkin, a variant of kinerkijn, itself a diminutive of kintal. See quintal.

1882: 23 Hen. VIII, cap. 4... The barrel of beer is to hold 36 gallons, the kilderkin 18 gallons the firkin 9. But the barrel, kilderkin, and firkin of ale are to contain 32, 16, and 8 gallons. — James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, Volume 4, p. 205.

Barrels came in firkins, nine gallons; kilderkins, eighteen gallons; halves, twenty-seven gallons; barrels, thirty-six gallons and hogsheads, fifty-four.

1987, Keith Dunstan, The Amber Nectar, Ringwood: Vicking O'Neil, page 81:

An old English liquid measure, usually being half a barrel; containing 18 English beer gallons, or 83.178 L.


tea caddy

tea caddies (plural)
tea-caddy (alternative)
teacaddy (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-tea caddy.wav

Mrs. Hone would have owned all the equipage that most upper-middle-class households needed to hold a proper tea, including a tea table (or teapoy), a tray, a teapot, creamer, sugar bowl with tongs, cups, saucers, tea caddy, teaspoons, and likely a tea urn, slop bowl, strainer, and spoon tray. While availing herself of Carneses' tea and one of their tea caddies, she might also have purchased and utilized one of their teapoys.

2019, Nancy E. Davis, “Afong Moy Presents Chinese Objects for the Home”, in The Chinese Lady: Afong Moy in Early America, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, part II (The Show), page 107:

A box, jar, pot, or tin used to store tea leaves.


wheelie bin

wheelie bins (plural)
wheelie-bin (alternative)

From wheelie, presumably as a variant of wheely (“wheeled”) + -ie, and bin.

Instead we switched from dustbins to wheelie bins which required equally significant investment in new bins and refuse vehicles. However because the wheelie bins were larger and easier to collect they actually increased the volume of unsegregated waste.

1999, David Rudlin, Nicholas Falk, Sustainable Urban Neighbourhood, UK: Elsevier, page 95:

You see the occasional frustrated libidinous lunatics walking along Johnson Street kickboxing at the wheelie bins and spreading the contents all over the road.

2005, John Chalmers, Byron Bay Taxis And Lunacies, page 85:

It collects waste materials, including paper, glass, plastics and metals, in the blue-topped recycling wheelie bins from more than two million households each week.

2009, James Kirby, Rod Myer, Richard Pratt: One Out of the Box: The Secrets of an Australian Billionaire, page 49:

She likes to go into town using her wheelchair. It can be difficult when people leave their wheelie bins out on the pavement and she has to go into the road to get past.

2011, Peter Beresford, Jennie Fleming, Catherone Bewley, Michael Glynn, Suzy Croft, Supporting People: Towards a Person-Centred Approach, UK: The Policy Press, page 271:

The next Monday afternoon Daryl hooked his wheelie bin onto the ute′s tow bar. He was just about to tow it up the driveway when Doris yelled out, telling him to go to the shops and grab some milk. With his wheelie bin in tow Daryl set off.

2012, John Bryant, Great Australian Ute Stories, HarperCollins Australia, unnumbered page:

(Australia, New Zealand, UK, Ireland) An outdoor rubbish bin on wheels for easier movability.


balloon

→ Assamese: বেলুন (belun)

→ Bengali: বেলুন (belun)

→ Japanese: バルーン (barūn)

→ Maori: parūnu

→ Welsh: balŵn

→ Zulu: ibhaloni

1570, "a game played with a large, inflated leather ball" (possibly via Middle French ballon) from Italian pallone (“large ball”) from palla (“ball”), from Lombardic *palla. The Northern Italian form, balla (“ball-shaped bundle”), today a doublet, likely derived from Old French balle, from Frankish *balla (“ball”), and may have influenced the spelling of this word. Both Germanic words are from Proto-Germanic *ballô (“ball”), *balluz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoln- (“bubble”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, swell, inflate”). Akin to Old High German ballo, bal (“ball”), (German Ballen (“bale”); Ball "ball"). Doublet of ballon. More at ball.

der

(obsolete) A game played with a large inflated ball.

The purpose of the balloon is to reduce the periodic payment required during the life of the financing period.

1986, James M. Johnson, Fundamentals of finance for equipment lessors:


frail

From Middle English frayel, from Old French frael, fraiel, of unknown origin; possibly a dissimilatory variant of flael, flaiel (“flail”).

A basket made of rushes, used chiefly to hold figs and raisins.


caddy

An alteration of catty (“(unit of) weight used in China, equivalent to 1⅓ pounds avoirdupois (about 0.605 kilograms)”), borrowed from Malay kati (“weight used in China, Indonesia, and Japan”), from Tamil கட்டி (kaṭṭi, “measure of weight; clod, lump”), from கட்டு (kaṭṭu, “to coagulate, congeal, or consolidate (into a concretion); to harden”).

der

The Carneses imported lacquer teapoys in sets. These sets could be easily stacked in a corner of the drawing room and brought out at teatime to hold a teacup, a set, or a caddy. The Carneses purchased lacquered teapoys sets for four dollars in China and probably sold them for twice that amount in America.

(also attributively) A small box or tin (can) with a lid for holding dried tea leaves used to brew tea.

teerasia

A sauce caddy brought with the tacos offers a choice of salsa cruda, a thin puree of tomatillos, and an emulsion of red chilies.

1990, Washingtonian, volume 25, Washington, D.C.: Washington Magazine, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 121:

A (usually small) box, chest, or tin with a lid, and often with partitions, used to keep things in.


caddy

Caddy, pass me my five iron.

As caddy I had to carry the clubs, for there are four varieties almost everyone used, and some used more. Besides doing this, the caddy has to keep score of the number of strokes used, and watch and find each ball.

1897 (date written), Paul T. B. Ward, quotee, “19th Hole: The Readers Take Over”, in Sports Illustrated, volume 19, number 4, Chicago, Ill.: Time Inc., published 22 July 1963, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 60:

Then Carter Chapman picked out his putter, stepped confidently up to the ball, sighted once along the ground, and made his stroke. The ball rolled straight as a die toward the caddy who was holding the flag, and tinkled into the cup for a birdie three!

1921 March, Octavus Roy Cohen, “Follow Through”, in Munsey’s Magazine, volume LXXII, number 2, New York, N.Y.: The Frank A[ndrew] Munsey Company, […], →OCLC, page 370, column 1:

(golf, also attributively) Alternative spelling of caddie (“a person hired to assist a golfer by carrying their golf clubs and providing advice”).


caddy

en-verb

caddy (third-person singular simple present caddies, present participle caddying, simple past and past participle caddied)

caddies (present singular third-person)
caddying (participle present)
caddied (participle past)
caddied (past)

I was honored to caddy for Tiger Woods at a charity golf game.

We took turns caddying, one caddying, two playing. We went out across the river to the teeing ground of the first hole.

The next day the thirty-two qualifying players were paired off into sixteen sets of opponents. Charlotte was matched against a girl from California. After the first few minutes, the result was never in doubt. "Take it easy, miss," said the highly gratified Mr. Ogilvie, who was caddying for Charlotte. "You hold her in the hollow of your hand."

1917 July, George Weston, chapter VI, in The Apple-tree Girl: The Story of Little Miss Moses, who Led Herself into the Promised Land, Philadelphia, Pa., London: J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott Company, published 1918, →OCLC, page 100:

The scheme had been, if I remember, that after lunch I should go off and caddy for Honoria on a shopping tour down Regent Street; but when she got up and started collecting me and the rest of her things, Aunt Agatha stopped her.

1923 May 17, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, “Introducing Claude and Eustace”, in The Inimitable Jeeves, Harmondsworth, Middlesex [London]: Penguin Books, published 1979, →ISBN, page 63:

(intransitive, golf) Chiefly followed by for: alternative spelling of caddie (“to serve as a caddy (noun sense) for a golfer”)


carboy

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-carboy.wav

From Persian قرابه (qarrâbeh, qarrâbah). Doublet of carafe.

A few of them then boarded her and were busily engaged in what appeared, from my distant position, as the emptying of the contents of various carboys upon the dead bodies of the sailors and over the decks and works of the vessel.

1912 February–July, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Under the Moons of Mars”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as “A Fair Captive from the Sky”, in A Princess of Mars, Chicago, Ill.: A[lexander] C[aldwell] McClurg & Co., 1917 October, →OCLC, page 77:

A large, rigid bottle, originally made of glass and mainly used for fermentation, and now commonly made of plastic and used to store liquids.


hod

hod (third-person singular simple present hods, present participle hodding, simple past and past participle hodded)

hods (present singular third-person)
hodding (participle present)
hodded (participle past)
hodded (past)

Borrowed from Scots hod (“to jog along on horseback”), probably related to hotch (“(verb) to move up and down jerkily, bob; to jog along on horseback; to hop like a frog; to fidget; to shrug; to heave with laughter; to cause to move jerkily; to shift in a sitting position to make room for others; to be overrun with; to swarm; (figuratively) to be angry; (noun) a jerk, jolt; a shrug; a fidget, twitch; a swarm of vermin; large, ungainly woman; untidy woman (figuratively) a hostile encounter, clash; state of disorder and filth, mess”) (whence English hotch (“to move irregularly up and down; to swarm”) (chiefly Scotland)), from Late Middle English hotchen (“to move jerkily, jolt; to attack (someone) (?)”), from Anglo-Norman hocher (“to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to attack”) and Middle French hocher, Middle French, Old French hochier (“to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to be unstable or wobbly, shake”) (modern French hocher (“to nod the head”)), from Frankish *hotsōn, *hottisōn, from *hottōn (“to shake; to toss”), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to shake”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ket- or *kwēt- (“to rock back and forth; to shake”), probably originally onomatopoeic.
Compare Scots hotter (“(verb) to move in a jerky, uneven manner; to jolt; to shake; to walk unsteadily, totter; to shiver, shudder; to shake (with laughter); of liquid, etc.: to boil, bubble, seethe, sputter; to crowd, swarm; (noun) jolting or shaking; rattling sound; bubbling of boiling liquid; a shake, shiver; crowd, seething mass; motion or noise of such a crowd; jumbled heap”)).
Cognates
* Middle Dutch hutsen (modern Dutch hutsen (“to jog, jolt; to shake”)), Middle Dutch hotsen (modern Dutch hotsen, hossen (“to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly”))
* German hotzen (“to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly”) (Southern Germany)
* Low German hūdern (“to shake; to shudder”)
* Middle High German hozzen (“act of swinging someone to and fro to punish them (?)”)
* Old English hūdenian (“to rock back and forth, shake, sway”)

cog

To have caught young wild ducks—a dozen— / So we "hodded" them in a hat to town, / To get them "pot-luck"—at least a "shake down," / With some tame, domestic cousin.

1851, J. de Jean [i.e., John de Jean Fraser], “The Wild Ducks”, in Poems, Dublin: James McGlashan, […]; London; Liverpool: W[illia]m S. Orr and Co., →OCLC, stanza 2, page 144:

They hodded off the furniture, moth-eaten, cracked, and old, / For iron old the swords and helms and dish-covers they sold; […]

1879 October 4, C. G., “The Legend of Doppelganger Tower”, in Young Ireland. An Irish Magazine of Entertainment and Instruction, volume V, number 40, Dublin: Published at the offices of the “Nation” and “Weekly News,” […], →OCLC, page 632, column 2:

Hoddin gray, a coarse grey woollen cloth, called "hoddin" from country people wearing it, who "hodded," that is, jogged along on carthorses.

[1884], “For a’ That, and a’ That”, in Sonnenschein’s Special Merit Readers. Standard III, London: W[illiam] Swan Sonnenschein & Co., […], →OCLC, page 8:

It was decided we should travel on all night; […] The bright lamps, shining forth into the mist and on the smoking horses and the hodding post-boy, gave me perhaps an outlook intrinsically more cheerful than what day had shown; or perhaps my mind had become wearied of its melancholy.

1889, Robert Louis Stevenson, “Mr. Mackellar’s Journey with the Master”, in The Master of Ballantrae. […], London, Paris: Cassell & Company, […], →OCLC, page 229:

(intransitive, Scotland, obsolete) To bob up and down on horseback, as an inexperienced rider may do; to jog.


rummer

Partly from Dutch roemer, rummer (West Flanders); partly from Middle Low German römer; partly from German Römer (“Roman person or thing”), named because it was made in glassworks dating from the Roman era. See also roemer; and for the etymology compare Romeware.

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-rummer.wav

I won, and regaled myself with cold roast beef and rummers of punch.

1793, James Boswell, “Journals 1789–1795”, in Danziger, Brady, editors, Boswell: The Great Biographer, Yale, published 1989, page 241:

A large drinking-glass for alcoholic drinks, chiefly wine, typically with a short or heavy stem.


crate

From Dutch krat (“crate, large box, basket”), from Middle Dutch cratte (“basketware, mold”), from Old Dutch *kratta, *kratto (“basket”), from Proto-Germanic *kratjô, *krattijô (“basket”), from Proto-Indo-European *gretH- (“plaiting, wicker, basket, cradle”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to bind, twist, wind”).
Cognate with West Frisian kret (“wheelbarrow”), German Krätze (“basket”), Old English cræt, ceart (“cart, wagon, chariot”), Old Norse kartr (“wagon”), modern English cart. Wider cognates include Sanskrit ग्रन्थ (grantha, “a binding”).
Alternatively from Latin crātis (“wickerwork”), perhaps from the same PIE root.

der

A large open box or basket, used especially to transport fragile goods.

They shook the head of the unconscious pilot and when the latter opened his eyes, blinking wildly, the other members of the family lifted up the tail of the overturned crate sufficiently high enough to enable the dazed pilot, after releasing his belt, to fall out of the cockpit head first and disengage himself from the crack-up.

1936 November, Joseph R. James, “More Gates Air Circus Antics”, in Popular Aviation:

I will make this box of electronics and computer chips fly like no other spaceship has ever flown. Mission Control wanted to see what this crate could do.

2010, Gillian Coleby, Knocking on the Moonlit Door, page 99:

(slang, mildly derogatory) A vehicle (car, aircraft, spacecraft, etc.) seen as unreliable.

And Rust never compiles modules separately, even if they're in separate files: when you build a Rust crate, you're recompiling all of its modules.

2017, Jim Blandy, Jason Orendorff, Programming Rust: Fast, Safe Systems Development, "O'Reilly Media, Inc.", →ISBN, page 166:

(programming) In the Rust programming language, a binary or library.


creel

From Middle English crele, possibly from an Old French root *creille, variant of greille (compare French grille), from Latin crāticula. Alternatively, this word may have originally been of Scottish origin.

Return with a creel of trout for supper.

1895, R. D. Blackmore, Slain By The Doones, Dodd, Mead and Company, page 6:

Her great creel forehead-slung, she wanders nigh,
 Easing the heavy strap with gnarled, brown fingers

A woven basket, especially a wicker basket and especially as follows:

(fishing) An osier basket that anglers use to hold fish.


cuvette

a pot, bucket, or basin, in which molten plate glass is carried from the melting pot to the casting table


nipperkin

Probably from nip (“a dram or sip”) + -er + -kin as in kilderkin.

[L]et Tim send the ale and the sack, and the nipperkin of double-distilled, with a bit of diet-loaf, or some such trinket, and score it to the new comer.

1822 May 29, [Walter Scott], chapter XII, in The Fortunes of Nigel. […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page 297:

(archaic) A small amount of beer, wine, or other liquid, of perhaps 1/8 pint in volume.


stoop

From Middle English stoupen, from Old English stūpian (“to bow, bend”), from Proto-West Germanic *stūpōn, from Proto-Germanic *stūpōną, *stūpijaną (“to stand out”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewb- (“to push, butt, knock”). Compare steep. Cognate with Dutch stuipen (“to bend the upper part of the body forward and downward”), Old Norse stúpa (“to stoop”). Related also to Old Frisian stēpa (“to help”), Old Norse steypa (“to cause to stoop, cast down, overthrow”).

cog

At length the hawk got the upper hand, and made a rushing stoop at her quarry

1819, “Bracebridge Hall”, in Hawking, Washington Irving:

An accelerated descent in flight, as that for an attack.


stoop

stoops (plural)
stoup (alternative)
stowp (alternative)

From Middle English stope, stoupe, from Old Norse staup (“dip, well, cup”), from Proto-Germanic *staupą, related to the verb *staupijaną (“to steep”). Related to Old English stēap (“drinking vessel, cup, flagon, stoop”).

A vessel for holding liquids; like a flagon but without the spout.


stoop

Borrowed from Dutch stoep (“platform", "pavement”). Doublet of stoep. Cognate with step.

Nearly all the houses were built with their gables to the streets and each had heavy wooden Dutch stoops, with seats, at its door.

1856, James Fenimore Cooper, Satanstoe or The Littlepage Manuscripts: A Tale of the Colony, London, page 110:

...the entrance being at the side of the house and reached by a low front stoop with four or five risers...

1905 Carpentry and Building, vol. 27 (January 1905), NY: David Williams Company, page 2

The guard at the door coughed up blood, and died instantly. Fina was carrying an empty rifle with a sharpened bayonet, and she'd thrust it straight up through his neck, severing the spinal cord. She levered him off the front stoop and into the bushes, then stood up on the tips of her toes to peer through the window in the door.

2023 October 12, HarryBlank, “Fire in the Hole”, in SCP Foundation, archived from the original on 2024-05-22:

(chiefly New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, also Canada) The staircase and landing or porch leading to the entrance of a residence.


piccolo

Western concert flute
Western concert flute

A transverse flute that is smaller than a Western concert flute and pitched nearly an octave higher.


casket

Probably from Norman cassette. Possibly reformed by analogy with cask, thus analyzable as cask + -et. Doublet of cassette.


carton

en-noun

carton (countable and uncountable, plural cartons)

Borrowed from French carton, from Italian cartone. Doublet of cartoon.

a carton of milk or eggs

An inexpensive, disposable box-like container fashioned from either paper, paper with wax-covering (wax paper), or other lightweight material.

A pack of cigarettes, usually ten, wrapped in cellophane or packed in a light cardboard box.

Mr Yunupingu was referred to the clinic where I was working at that time, Northside Clinic, for treatment of his alcohol problem. I think he described drinking between one and four cartons every single day - it's quite a phenomenal amount.

2009 October 19, Oliver O'Connell, Message From Mr Yunupingu:

(Australia) A cardboard box that holds (usually 24) beer bottles or cans.

(archaic) A shot that strikes this disc.


hopper

From Middle English hoppere, alteration of *hoppe (found in grashoppe (“grasshopper”)), from Old English *hoppa (“one who hops, hopper”), equivalent to hop + -er. Cognate with Dutch hopper (“hopper”), Swedish hoppare (“hopper, jumper”), Icelandic hoppari (“hopper”).


drum

Perhaps back-formation from drumslade (“drummer”), from Middle Dutch trommelslach (“drumbeat”), from trommel (“drum”) + slach (“beat”) (Dutch slag).
Or perhaps borrowed directly from a continental Germanic language; compare Middle Dutch tromme (“drum”), Middle Low German trumme (“drum”) et al. Compare also Middle High German trumme, trumbe (“drum”), Old High German trumba (“trumpet”).

back-form

construction barrel
construction barrel#English


coffin

coffins (plural)
cophin (alternative archaic)
coffyn (alternative archaic)

From Middle English coffyn, from Old Northern French cofin (“sarcophagus", earlier "basket, coffer”), from Latin cophinus (“basket”), a loanword from Ancient Greek κόφινος (kóphinos, “a basket”). Doublet of coffer.

der

[…] Passing the apple-tree blows of white and pink in the orchards, / Carrying a corpse to where it shall rest in the grave, / Night and day journeys a coffin.

1865, Walt Whitman, “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d”, in Sequel to Drum-Taps: When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d and other poems:

20 May 2018, Hadley Freeman in The Guardian, Is Meghan Markle the American the royals have needed all along?
I’d always found the royals a cold proposition, Diana excepted, but the sight of that little boy, his head bent, not daring to look up at his mother’s coffin in front of him was, and remains, genuinely heartbreaking.

Plans to carry the Queen's coffin from Edinburgh to London by rail were scrapped in favour of travel in a Royal Air Force cargo aircraft.

2022 September 21, “Network News: Decision not to use Royal Train sharply divides opinion”, in RAIL, number 966, page 8:

A closed box in which the body of a dead person is placed for burial.

The smoke of this Hearbe, which they receaue at the mouth through certaine coffins, suche as the Grocers do vse to put in their Spices.

1577, John Frampton, Joyful News out of the New Found World:

(obsolete) A conical paper bag, used by grocers.

The hollow crust or hoof of a horse's foot, below the coronet, in which is the coffin bone.


container

→ Danish: container

→ Dutch: container

→ French: container

→ German: Container

→ Greek: κοντέινερ (kontéiner)

→ Japanese: コンテナ

→ Korean: 컨테이너 (keonteineo)

desc

→ Norwegian Bokmål: container, konteiner

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: container, konteinar

→ Brazilian Portuguese: contêiner, container

→ Russian: контейнер (kontejner)

→ Spanish: container

→ Swahili: kontena

→ Swedish: container

From Middle English conteyner, equivalent to contain + -er.

As the MP4 container can store audio, video, or both, the M4A naming and file extension is used to hint that this MP4 container holds solely audio information.

2011, Cory Altheide, Harlan Carvey, Digital Forensics with Open Source Tools, page 187:

(file format) A file format that can hold various types of data.


coop

en-verb

coop (third-person singular simple present coops, present participle cooping, simple past and past participle cooped)

coops (present singular third-person)
cooping (participle present)
cooped (participle past)
cooped (past)

Dutch Bantam
Marshall, Texas
Oxford English Dictionary
coop

From Middle English cǒupe, cupe, from Old English cȳpe (“basket, cask”) or possibly from Middle Dutch cûpe (compare modern Dutch kuip, Saterland Frisian kupe, Middle Low German kûpe), from Old Saxon *kûpa, côpa (“cask”) (compare Middle Low German kôpe, Old High German chôfa, chuofa, Middle High German kuofe, modern regional German Kufe f (“cask”)), probably from Latin cūpa, Medieval Latin cōpa (“cask”) (thus a doublet of coupe, cup, and keeve). However, the Oxford English Dictionary notes that if the word is from Latin, “it is difficult to account for the umlaut in Old English cýpe”.

COOPING. The term cooping refers to police officers sleeping on duty. […] One critic of two-man squad cars suggests that this is a recipe for cooping, since one officer can drive while the other sleeps.

2001, Mitchel P. Roth, Historical Dictionary of Law Enforcement, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, →ISBN, pages 76–77:

One of his first, and most groundbreaking, stories was about "cooping," police slang for sleeping on duty. It was sparked when Burnham interviewed Jim Curran, then a New York City policeman, who referred to someone being "in the coop," Burnham recalled. […] Burnham heard that every day thousands upon thousands of New York police supposedly working the night shift were actually sleeping, stashed in coops all over the city, only to be awakened if a crime was discovered. […] Cooping was a natural result and a dramatic example of a city agency misusing its resources.

2010, Bill Kovach, Tom Rosenstiel, Blur: How to Know What's True in the Age of Information Overload, New York, N.Y.: Bloomsbury USA, →ISBN, page 155:

The majority of policemen, […] act so as to save the public from harm, i.e., they shun their duties. Instead of being up and about, interfering with the rights of the people, many policemen choose the honorable way out—they coop. Cooping (sleeping in some out-of-the-way place while on duty) was a situation which enraged [Frank] Serpico. In the finest tradition of the busybody who insists on running other people's lives, Serpico insisted on being out on the streets at all hours, stopping a prostitute here, ambushing a gambler there, harassing drug merchants everywhere.

2012, Walter Block, Defending the Undefendable: The Pimp, Prostitute, Scab, Slumlord, Libeler, Moneylender, and Other Scapegoats in the Rogue's Gallery of American Society, Baltimore, Md.: Laissez Faire Books, →ISBN:

This cynicism may lead to an increased number of job actions and deviance, such as the "blue flu" or "cooping."

2012, Jeffrey Ian Ross, Policing Issues: Challenges and Controversies, Sudbury, Mass.: Jones & Bartlett Learning, →ISBN, page 66:

Cooping-prone areas are those locations where officers tend to engage in non-police activities that interrupt patrols in an unauthorized manner. A variety of such locations can be surmised, such as spending time at home or other locations not in the officer's area of responsibility while on duty. The department provided the example of officers parking in desolate areas to sleep.

2015, Steven V. Gilbert, Barbara A. Gilbert, Police Corruption in the NYPD: From Knapp to Mollen, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, pages 116–117:

(intransitive, law enforcement, slang) Of a police officer: to sleep or relax while on duty.


soapbox

soapboxes (plural)
soap box (alternative)
soap-box (alternative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-soapbox.wav

From soap + box. The figurative use of the word derives from the fact that soap products in the US used to be commonly transported to stores in large wooden boxes. It used to be common for individuals to give impromptu rally speeches to their neighbors by finding something to stand on like a soapbox.

seepkis

platform for presenting one's viewpoints


caddie

caddies (plural)
cady (alternative)
cadie (alternative)
cadie (alternative)
caddy (alternative)
cadie (alternative)
caddy (alternative)

The noun is borrowed from Scots caddie (“military cadet; young man; ragamuffin; person engaged to run errands; person hired to assist a golfer”), from French cadet (“army cadet; younger sibling”), from capdet (“captain; chief”) (Gascony, archaic), from Late Latin capitettum, from Latin caput (“head”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kap- (“head”). Doublet of cadel, cadet, capital, capitellum, caudillo, and Kadet.
The verb is derived from the noun.

doublet

But gie him't het, my hearty cocks! / E'en cowe the cadie!

[1786, Robert Burns, “The Author’s Earnest Cry and Prayer, to the Right Honorable and Honorable, the Scotch Representatives in the House of Commons”, in Poems, Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect, volume I, Kilmarnock, Scotland: […] John Wilson, →OCLC; reprinted Kilmarnock, Scotland: […] James M‘Kie, 1867, →OCLC, page 35:

(by extension, archaic) A young man; a boy, a lad; specifically (derogatory), one regarded as of low social status; a ragamuffin.

A tattered cadie, or errand porter, whom David Deans had jostled in his attempt to extricate himself from the vicinity of the scorners, exclaimed in a strong north-country tone, "Ta de'il ding out her Cameronian een—what gi'es her titles to dunch gentlemans about?"

1818 July 25, Jedediah Cleishbotham [pseudonym; Walter Scott], chapter IX, in Tales of My Landlord, Second Series, […] (The Heart of Mid-Lothian), volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC, page 222:

There would be a prosperity such as might seem fabulous, a prosperity of which every Scotchman, from the peer to the cadie, would partake.

1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter XXIV, in Lady Trevelyan (Hannah More Macaulay), editor, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volume V, London: Longman, Green, Longman, and Roberts, →OCLC, page 209:

(by extension, historical) A person engaged to run errands such as carrying goods and messages; a commissionaire, an errand boy or errand girl, a gofer; specifically, a member of an organized group of such persons working in large Scottish cities and towns in the early 18th century.

As caddy I had to carry the clubs, for there are four varieties almost everyone used, and some used more. Besides doing this, the caddy has to keep score of the number of strokes used, and watch and find each ball.

1897 (date written), Paul T. B. Ward, quotee, “19th Hole: The Readers Take Over”, in Sports Illustrated, volume 19, number 4, Chicago, Ill.: Time Inc., published 22 July 1963, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 60:

Then Carter Chapman picked out his putter, stepped confidently up to the ball, sighted once along the ground, and made his stroke. The ball rolled straight as a die toward the caddy who was holding the flag, and tinkled into the cup for a birdie three!

1921 March, Octavus Roy Cohen, “Follow Through”, in Munsey’s Magazine, volume LXXII, number 2, New York, N.Y.: The Frank A[ndrew] Munsey Company, […], →OCLC, page 370, column 1:

(by extension, golf, also attributively) A person hired to assist a golfer by carrying their golf clubs and providing advice.


caddie

en-verb

caddie (third-person singular simple present caddies, present participle caddying or caddieing, simple past and past participle caddied)

caddies (present singular third-person)
caddying (participle present)
caddieing (participle present)
caddied (participle past)
caddied (past)
caddy (alternative)

We took turns caddying, one caddying, two playing. We went out across the river to the teeing ground of the first hole.

The next day the thirty-two qualifying players were paired off into sixteen sets of opponents. Charlotte was matched against a girl from California. After the first few minutes, the result was never in doubt. "Take it easy, miss," said the highly gratified Mr. Ogilvie, who was caddying for Charlotte. "You hold her in the hollow of your hand."

1917 July, George Weston, chapter VI, in The Apple-tree Girl: The Story of Little Miss Moses, who Led Herself into the Promised Land, Philadelphia, Pa., London: J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott Company, published 1918, →OCLC, page 100:

The scheme had been, if I remember, that after lunch I should go off and caddy for Honoria on a shopping tour down Regent Street; but when she got up and started collecting me and the rest of her things, Aunt Agatha stopped her.

1923 May 17, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, “Introducing Claude and Eustace”, in The Inimitable Jeeves, Harmondsworth, Middlesex [London]: Penguin Books, published 1979, →ISBN, page 63:

(intransitive, golf) Chiefly followed by for: to serve as a caddie (noun sense 2) for a golfer.


crucible

From Latin crucibulum (“night-lamp, metallurgic melting-pot”), apparently a derivative of crux (“cross”), perhaps by analogy to thūribulum (“censer”) and suffix -bulum, or from crucio (“to torment”).

uder

A heat-resistant container in which metals are melted, usually at temperatures above 500°C, commonly made of graphite with clay as a binder.


pillar box

We were over the border here, into Northern Ireland, and the post office had a very English atmosphere. It was pleasant, too, much as we enjoyed the hospitality of the Republic, to be buying stamps with the Queen's head on them, and to be posting our cards in a red pillar-box, instead of a green one.

1955 June, Rev. A. W. V. Mace, “An Irish Journey—2”, in Railway Magazine, page 393:

(UK, Ireland) A free-standing item of street furniture in the form of a short, red pillar (green in the Irish Republic) with a slot for posting letters.


dustbin

dustbins (plural)
dust bin (alternative)
dust-bin (alternative)

From dust + bin, as used for disposing of dust (originally ash from domestic fires) and other rubbish.

Nothing was too small to receive attention, if a supervising eye could suggest improvements likely to conduce to the common welfare. Mr. Gordon Burnage, for instance, personally visited dust-bins and back premises, accompanied by a sort of village bailiff, going his round like a commanding officer doing billets.

1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XIX, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

(Commonwealth, Ireland, UK) A bin for holding rubbish until it can be collected; a garbage can.


skip

From Middle English skep, skeppe, from Old English sceppe, from Old Norse skeppa, skjappa (“basket, bushel, measure”), perhaps from Middle Low German scheppe (“a unit of weight”), perhaps related to Middle Low German schēpel (“buschel, measurement for grain”), German Scheffel (“bushel”). These could all ultimately be related to *skap (“shape”).


breadbox

breadboxes (plural)
bread box (alternative)
bread-box (alternative)

a container for storing bread or other baked goods to keep them fresh


lunchbox

lunchboxes (plural)
lunch box (alternative)
lunch-box (alternative)

The campaign tagline, 'I've got a tiny packet', is written across [Linford] Christie's trademark impressively muscled upper body. 'Tiny packet' makes us remember that Linford is known for his 'lunchbox' from his heyday as a sprinter because of the bulge apparent in his lycra shorts. His lunchbox and now his tiny packet allude to the diminishing of black men to just their genitals[…]

2015, Encarnación Gutiérrez Rodríguez, Shirley Anne Tate, Creolizing Europe: Legacies and Transformations, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 109:

(slang, UK) The male genitals when enclosed in clothing.


knag

knags (plural)
knage (alternative)
knagge (alternative)
knagg (alternative)

From Middle English knagge. Cognate with German Low German Knagge, Danish knage, Swedish knagg. Related to knarr and knur.

(obsolete) One of the points of a stag's horn or a tine

(Scotland) A small cask or barrel; a keg or noggin


cask

From Middle French casque. Doublet of casco and casque.

Obsolete form of casque (“visorless helmet”).


wallet

From Middle English walet (“bag, knapsack”), of uncertain origin. Possibly from an assumed Old Northern French *walet (“roll; bag; knapsack”), from Proto-Germanic *wal- (“to roll”). More at walk, well, wallow.

der

(computing, finance) An e-wallet or digital wallet.


wastepaper basket

en-noun

wastepaper basket (plural wastepaper baskets)

A small open container for discarded paper etc; a wastebasket.


road case

From road + case, from its use to take equipment on the road.

A case designed to protect musical instruments during travel.


valise

Finding upon the corpse more money than was required for the funeral, he transmitted it to the abbess, together with a small valise, containing, besides apparel, some trifling articles of jewellery, and the bracelet transmitted to you,...

1842, [anonymous collaborator of Letitia Elizabeth Landon], chapter LII, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 40:

Though he studiously concealed his hand, this morning before breakfast, in writing the direction-card which he attached to the little brown valise of happier days, the eagle-glance of matrimonial anxiety detected, d, o, n, distinctly traced.

1849 May – 1850 November, Charles Dickens, The Personal History of David Copperfield, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], published 1850, →OCLC:

In spite of the falling rain, which had somewhat lessened, he took a small valise in his hand, and, leaving the remainder of his luggage at the inn, ascended the hills towards East Endelstow.

1872 September – 1873 July, Thomas Hardy, “‘XXIII’”, in A Pair of Blue Eyes. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Tinsley Brothers, […], published 1873, →OCLC:

Nothing to declare / Not in the valise of my mind

2024, “Nothing to Declare”, in Loss of Life, performed by MGMT:

A piece of hand luggage such as a suitcase or travelling bag.


urn

urns (plural)
urne (alternative obsolete)

From Middle English urne, from Old French urne, from Latin urna (“vessel”). Doublet of urna.

(botany) A hollow body shaped like an urn, in which the spores of mosses are contained; a spore case; a theca.


cogue

Of unknown origin, but probably related to cog (“kind of ship, vessel”).

(chiefly Scotland) A small round wooden vessel for holding milk.


carafe

First attested 1786, from French carafe, from Italian caraffa, probably from Arabic غُرْفَة (ḡurfa, “cup or dipper”), from غَرَفَ (ḡarafa, “to ladle”). Doublet of carboy.

Amongst the scattered letters and papers, there stood a claret jug, a large carafe of water, and an empty glass.

1870, Mary Elizabeth Braddon, Run to Earth, page 215:

A bottle, usually glass and with a flared lip, used for serving water, wine, or other beverages.

brokë

bottle for serving wine, water, or beverages


gas jar

A cylindrical lidded glass vessel for collecting and storing gases from experiments etc.


jorum

Uncertain; perhaps from the Hebrew name of Joram, who “brought with him [to King David] vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, and vessels of brass” (Bible (King James Version), 2 Samuel 8:10; compare Jeroboam); or from Arabic جَرَّة (jarra, “earthen receptacle”).

derived

Then come, put the jorum about, / And let us be merry and clever, / Our hearts and our liquors are stout, / Here's the Three Jolly Pigeons for ever.

1773 (first performance), Oliver Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conquer; or, The Mistakes of a Night: A Comedy, by Dr. Goldsmith. Adapted for Theatrical Representation, as Performed at the Theatres-Royal, Drury-Lane and Covent-Garden. Regulated from the Prompt-books, by Permission of the Managers. “The lines distinguished by inverted commas, are omitted in the representation.”, London: Printed for the proprietors, under the direction of John Bell, British Library, Strand, Bookseller to His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, published 1791, OCLC 645786039, Act I, scene ii; republished in Bell's British Theatre. Consisting of the Most Esteemed English Plays, volume IX, London: Printed for, and under the direction of, George Cawthorn, British Library, Strand, 1797, OCLC 472479652, page 19

Come each jolly fellow / That loves to be mellow, / Attend unto me, and sit easy: / One jorum in quiet, / My boys, we will try it, / Dull thinking will make a man crazy: […] / I am here as Justice of Quorum; / And in my cabin's fore end, / I've a bed for a friend, / With a clean fire-side and a jorum.

1820, “The Farmer”, in The Harp of Orpheus; Being a Collection of the Best English, Scotch, and Irish Songs, Catches, Glees, Duets, Trios, Quartettos, &c. &c. Also, a Selection of Toasts and Sentiments, Derby, Derbyshire: Printed by and for H. Mozley, Brook-Street, →OCLC, page 212:

In battle one day, with a jorum of flip, / Jack, while crossing the deck, began reeling, / And fell, for his leg was shot off at the hip, / But the liquor he just saved from spilling.

1841, C[harles] Dibdin, Jun., “All in His Glory”, in Charles Dibdin; Thomas [John] Dibdin, Songs, Naval and National, of the Late Charles Dibdin; with a Memoir and Addenda. Collected and Arranged by Thomas Dibdin, Author of “The English Fleet,” “Cabinet,” &c. &c. With Characteristic Sketches by George Cruikshank, London: John Murray, Albemarle Street. (Publisher to the Admiralty.), OCLC 558164904, page 268

They ketched hould of aich other, gasping as he stepped down out of the air to the ground, an' wishin' them the top of the avening, he brushed past, walked bould to the bar an' briskly called for three jorums of whusky.

1901–1902, Herminie Templeton [Kavanagh], Darby O'Gill and the Good People, New York, N.Y.: McClure, Phillips, published 1903, →OCLC, page 286:

You see, at that time, in the Duchy of Brunswick, or Braunschweig, now part of Germany, it was the custom for friendly groups to drink from the same receptacle, in this case a jorum, or basin—a good idea, rightly understood, in that it made for communitas, or community, […]

1988, J[ames] F[arl] Powers, “Priestly Fellowship”, in Wheat that Springeth Green, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, ISBN 978-0-394-49609-2; republished New York, N.Y.: The New York Review of Books, 2000, ISBN 978-0-940322-24-0, page 175

A large vessel for drinking (usually alcoholic beverages).

To cure you at once of sciatical pains, / That hamper your body in dolorous pains, / And keep you confin'd in your sheets without motion, / Take me two jorams of wine for a potion, / Reserving two glasses by way of a lotion, / Which warm you'll apply to the part that's affected, / Then tip the remainder, as I have directed, / To cure you.

1812, J. F. N[eville], “A Rondeau by a French Joiner, Who Did Not Know His Letters!”, in Leisure-moments in the Camp and in the Guard-room, York: Printed by Thomas Wilson and Son, for the Author; and sold by J. Hatchard, bookseller to Her Majesty, opposite Albany, Piccadilly, London; and by J. and G. Todd, Stonegate, York, →OCLC, page 13:

Let Politicians a' gae daft, / Their tricks, how I abhor 'em! / Di'el nick the silly, wily craft, / They're no worth half a jorum. / So push about.

1833 July, “No. III. Evenings at Saint's, by the Society of Free Fellows”, in Sumner Lincoln Fairfield, editor, The North American Magazine, volume II, number IX, Philadelphia, Pa.: C. Sherman & Co., No 19 St James Street. Office of Publication, 29 South Tenth Street, →OCLC, page 192:

At Christmas he entertained his tenants and tradesmen in this ball, when, with jorums after jorums, / "Let the horn go rounde, / Let the quart pot sounde, / Let each one do as he's done to;" Beaumont.

1843, William Goodman, The Social History of Great Britain During the Reigns of the Stuarts, Beginning with the Seventeenth Century, Being the Period of Settling the United States. With Numerous Engravings, volume I, New York, N.Y.: William H. Colyer, No. 5 Hague-street, →OCLC, page 116:

The contents, or quantity of the contents, of such a vessel.

(crosswording) An unlikely word that a cryptic crossword solver constructs from the wordplay and crossing letters only to discover that it actually exists in the dictionary.


ballot box

A sealed box with a slit, into which a voter puts a completed voting slip.

քվեատուփ

a sealed box into which a voter puts a voting slip


punnet

Uncertain. First appears in the 1820s. Perhaps a diminutive of pun, a dialect variant of pound, the weight + -et. The suggestion that it is an eponym of Reginald Crundall Punnett (1875–1967), geneticist and grower of strawberries, is not chronologically possible. The suggestion it was an ancestor of his lacks evidence.

Thus, according to the same Year-Book, a sea-kale punnet measures 8 in. in diameter at the top and 7½ in. at the bottom, being 2 in. deep, while a radish punnet is 8 in. in diameter and 1 in. deep, if to hold six “hands,” or 9 in. by 1 in. for twelve “hands.” A mushroom punnet is 7 in. by 1 in., while a salading punnet is 5 in. by 2 in.

1904, Arthur George Liddon Rogers, The Business Side of Agriculture, 2010, Forgotten Books, page 85

Another type of splint basket, called a punnet, was used in the strawberry trade of New York City between 1815 and 1850.[…]Punnets and pottles found little favor except in the vicinity of Boston and New York and were soon discarded for more convenient and less expensive packages.

1917, Stevenson Whitcomb Fletcher, The Strawberry in North America: History, Origin, Botany, and Breeding, pages 77–78:

Most of the fruit for market is picked and sold in punnets, but for jam making buckets are used, similar to the raspberry bucket.

1933, South Australian Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, Journal of Agriculture, South Australia, Volume 36, page 1292

Early this season, Ross Lill got together with a plastics firm to produce a flat tray to replace the commonly used punnet.

1982, New Zealand Department of Agriculture, New Zealand journal of agriculture, page 13

However we recommend, particularly in cooler climates, sowing tomato seeds into a seed tray or punnet and allowing the seedlings to grow before they are transplanted into the garden.

2005, Don Burke, The Complete Burke's Backyard: The Ultimate Book of Fact Sheets, page 408:

‘But rather than spend £5 on a small punnet of exotic berries, a family would be better off buying regular and larger quantities of fresh fruit and vegetables from their local market.[…]’

2007 May 13, Amelia Hill, “Forget superfoods, you can′t beat an apple a day”, in The Guardian:

(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth) A small basket or receptacle for collecting and selling fruit, particularly strawberries.


toolbox

(computing) A set of pre-existing routines for use in writing new programs.


bung

[…] My right eye has gone bung, and my left one is pretty dicky.

1922, Apsley Cherry-Garrard, Karen Oslund (introduction), The Worst Journey in the World, 2004, page 365, The evening we reached the glacier Bowers wrote

‘Morning Mrs. Weissnicht. I′ve just heard as how your washing-machine′s gone bung.’

1953, Eric Linklater, A Year of Space, page 206:

It′s the signal box, the main switchboard, that′s gone bung!

1997, Lin Van Hek, The Ballad of Siddy Church, page 219:

Henry had said, “Half a million bloomin′ acres. A quarter of a million blanky sheep shorn a year, and they can′t keep on two blokes. It′s not because wer′e union, mate. It′s because we′re newchums. Something′s gone bung with this country.”

2006, Pip Wilson, Faces in the Street: Louisa and Henry Lawson and the Castlereagh Street Push, page 9:

(Australia, New Zealand, slang) Broken, not in working order.


junket

From Middle English jonket (“basket made of rushes”), from Medieval Latin iuncta, possibly from Latin iuncus (“rush, reed”) and therefore a possible doublet of jonquil.
Meaning shifted to “feast or banquet” by 1520s, probably via the notion of a picnic basket. This in turn led to the sense of “pleasure trip” (1814), and then to specifically to “trip made ostensibly for business but which entails merrymaking or entertainment” by 1886 in American English.

der

The Sunday ended in gloom, which even junket for supper in the blue Dresden bowl could hardly lighten at all.

1904, E. Nesbit, The Phoenix and the Carpet:

I love your meads, and I love your flowers, / And I love your junkets mainly […].

1818, John Keats, Where be ye going, you Devon maid?:

A type of cream cheese, originally made in a rush basket; later, a food made of sweetened curds.

It did strike him as odd, perhaps, that merchants did not dare to go on a junket or plan a congenial dinner without pretending to themselves that it had some business significance.

1922, Christopher Morley, chapter 9, in Where the Blue Begins:

A pleasure trip; a journey made for feasting or enjoyment, now especially a trip made ostensibly for business but which entails merrymaking or entertainment.

uveselitelʹnaja pojézdka za kazjónnyj sčot

увеселительная пое́здка за казённый счёт

An entertainment reporter who is a member of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association said Freeman made comments about her skirt and her legs during two different junkets.

2018 May 24, An Phung, Chloe Melas, “Women accuse Morgan Freeman of inappropriate behavior, harassment”, in CNN entertainment:

Every time anything of note happens – any time there is a junket or a new actor is cast – the issue will be front and centre.

2025 June 11, Stuart Heritage, “‘Please walk away from Harry Potter’: why the stars of HBO’s new TV show are in for decades of social media hell”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

(gambling) A gaming room for which the capacity and limits change daily, often rented out to private vendors who run tour groups through them and give a portion of the proceeds to the main casino.


betty

betties (plural)
bettee (alternative)
Betty (alternative)

Betty Rubble
Green's Dictionary of Slang

From Betty (nickname for “Elizabeth”). In thieves’ cant a tool for wrenching locked doors is also called a Bess (from “Elizabeth”) or a Jenny. The “attractive woman” sense may relate to the character Betty Rubble in the cartoon The Flintstones.

On olive oil in casks, twenty cents per gallon; olive salad oil in bottles or betties, thirty per centum ad valorem

1841, Acts and Resolutions Passed at the First Session of the Twenty-Seventh Congress of the United States:

(US, archaic) A pear-shaped bottle covered with straw, in which olive oil is sometimes brought from Italy; a Florence flask.


capsule

Borrowed from French capsule, from Latin capsula, diminutive of capsa (“box”).

(botany) A type of simple, dehiscent, dry fruit (seed-case) produced by many species of flowering plants, such as poppy, lily, orchid, willow and cotton.

(astronautics) A detachable part of a rocket or spacecraft (usually in the nose) containing the crew's living space.

kapsule

part of spacecraft containing crew's living space

A small cup or shell, often of metal, for a percussion cap, cartridge, etc.

One of the very small rooms for guests in a capsule hotel.


calabash

From French calebasse, from Spanish calabaza (“gourd; pumpkin”), possibly from Arabic قَرْعَةٌ يَابِسَةٌ (qarʕatun yābisatun, “dry gourd”) or directly from its etymon Persian خربزه (xarboze, “melon”), possibly ultimately from Sanskrit त्रपुस (trapusa, “colocynth fruit”) (compare Persian تربزه (tarboze, “watermelon”)). The English word is cognate with Catalan carabassa (“pumpkin; orange colour”), Galician cabaza (“gourd, pumpkin, squash; calabash (container)”), Occitan calebasso, carabasso, carbasso, Portuguese cabaça (“gourd; calabash (container)”), Sicilian caravazza (and caramazza).

قَرْعَةٌ يَابِسَةٌ

cog

The calabash, is a kind of gourd, and belongs to that family of twining plants which were called among the Hebrews, "wild vines," but by the botanists of modern times, the cucurbitaceæ, or cucurbitaceous plants. […] That playful variety of form and magnitude, so remarkable in the calabash, renders it fit for all kinds of uses. Sometimes we have a globular base, terminating in a long neck, and then it answers the purpose of a bottle, and the American fastens it to his girdle, or the pommel of his saddle, when about to pass through regions which abound not in water.

1839 January, “L.”, “The Calabash (Cucurbita Lagenaria)”, in The Visitor, or Monthly Instructor, London: The Religious Tract Society; … sold by John Davis, […], →OCLC, page 75:

CALABASH GOURD (LAGENARIA SICERARIA) […] Appropriately bowing to AHP, the American Herbal Products Association, for the betterment of the herbal industry, I will now use its standardized common name, Calabash Gourd, a vine, not to be confused with the Calabash tree (Crescentia).

2008, James A. Duke, with Peggy-Ann K. Duke and Judith L. duCellie, “Catalog of ‘Faith-based’ Farmaceuticals”, in Duke’s Handbook of Medicinal Plants of the Bible, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, page 233:

Asian gourds grow like cucumbers […] and feature strong flavors that are often used in Indian, Chinese, and Southeast Asian soups and stews. Some types to try in your garden include the bitter gourd and calabash gourd.

2009, Charlie Nardozzi and editors of the National Gardening Association, “Sweet Corn and an A to T of Other Worthy Veggies”, in Vegetable Gardening for Dummies (For Dummies series), 2nd edition, Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley Publishing, →ISBN, part II (Vegging Out), page 167:

Lagenaria siceraria
Lagenaria siceraria#Translingual

The bottle gourd (calabash vine, Lagenaria siceraria), believed to have originated in Africa, which is grown for its fruit that are used as a vegetable and to make containers (sense 3); the fruit of this plant.


sippy cup

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sippy cup.wav

I put the nipple of the sippy cup in her mouth, and she blocks it with her clenched teeth and whips her head to the side.

2017, Jesmyn Ward, Sing, Unburied, Sing, Bloomsbury Circus, page 100:


piggy bank

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-piggy bank.wav

A small container, sometimes in the form of a pig, in which small saved coins are stored.

kumbara

small container to store small saved coins in


teacup

teacups (plural)
tea-cup (alternative)
tea cup (alternative)

"There isn't wind enough to capsize a tea-cup in a gutter," said Rasmus, and shifted his chew of tobacco with a little black chalk pipe, while he looked around him on all sides.

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 182:

A small cup, usually with a handle, commonly used for drinking tea; normally sits in a saucer as part of a tea set.


burette

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-burette.wav

(chemistry) A glass tube with fine gradations and a stopcock at the bottom, used in laboratory procedures for accurate fluid dispensing and titration.

سَحَّاحَة

glass tube with fine gradations and a stopcock used for titration, etc.


receptacle

From Middle English receptacle, from Anglo-Norman receptacle and Middle French receptacle (“organ containing a fluid; gathering place; water basin”) (modern French réceptacle), from Latin receptāculum (“animal enclosure, container, place of refuge, receptacle, repository, reservoir, shelter”), from receptāre (“to harbour, to receive, to shelter”) or receptō (“I receive back or again, I recover”), frequentative of recipiō (“I receive; I hold back, I reserve”) (from re- (“back, again”) + capiō (“I hold”)) + -culum (suffix forming nouns from verbs, particularly nouns representing tools and instruments); cognate with Italian recettaculo, ricettaculo, Portuguese receptáculo, Spanish receptáculo.

der

National Electrical Manufacturers Association

Darkness had no effect upon my fancy; and a churchyard was to me merely the receptacle of bodies deprived of life, which, from being the seat of beauty and strength, had become food for the worm.

1816 June – 1817 April/May (date written), [Mary Shelley], chapter III, in Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: […] [Macdonald and Son] for Lackington, Hughes, Harding, Mavor, & Jones, published 1 January 1818, →OCLC:

It must be conceded that a common poor-house is by no means a fit receptacle for lunatics, under any consideration either of the cure of the patients, or the comfort of the other inmates.

1829 April, “Dorset Pauper Lunatic Asylum”, in The Crypt, or Receptacle for Things Past, and West of England Magazine (New Series), volume I, part I, number IV, Winchester, Hampshire: Published by Charles Henry Wheeler, Public Library, High-Street, →OCLC, pages 147–148:

[…] and an anonymous scribe whose letter has been consigned to the receptacle most appropriate for such communications.

1951 May, Cecil J. Allen, “British Locomotive Practice and Performance”, in Railway Magazine, page 334:

Receptacles used for storing inedible material must be of such material and construction that their use will not result in the adulteration of any edible product or in the creation of insanitary conditions. Such receptacles must not be used for storing any edible product and must bear conspicuous and distinctive marking to identify the permitted uses.

2012, Y. H. Hui, “Sanitation Performance Standards”, in Y. H. Hui, editor, Handbook of Meat and Meat Processing, 2nd edition, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, page 733:


bindle

Unknown; compare Old English bindele (“a binding, a tying”) from bindan (“to bind”), and bundle. Additionally, compare mister from master.

cog

(now Scotland) Any given length of cord, rope, twine, etc, used to bind something.


kipe

en-verb

kipe (third-person singular simple present kipes, present participle kiping, simple past and past participle kiped)

kipes (present singular third-person)
kiping (participle present)
kiped (participle past)
kiped (past)
kipp (alternative)
kype (alternative)
kypp (alternative)

Perhaps from dialectal kip (“to snatch”).

Johnny imagines all manner of chrome gadgetry that he could kipe and give to his father to jazz up his ’fifty-six Ford Vicky ragtop.

1987 [1984], James Ellroy, chapter 22, in Because the Night, New York: Avon, →ISBN, page 189:


tub

From Middle English tubbe, tobbe, from Middle Dutch tubbe or Middle Low German tubbe, tobbe, further etymology unknown. Considered to be unrelated to tube.

Every street or race car McLaren has built since 1981 uses a carbon fiber tub. Now, McLaren will make them in-house.

2017 February 10, Máté Petrány, McLaren Will Start Building its Own Carbon Fiber Tubs, archived from the original on 2023-08-31:

(automotive) The bare body shell of an automobile (minus the doors, hood, trunk lid, fenders, etc.) which is lowered onto the chassis at the time of assembly, or in the case of modern unibody designed vehicles, is itself a monocoque around which the rest of the vehicle is built.


test tube

test tubes (plural)
test-tube (alternative)

(chemistry) A glass tube, rounded at one end and open at the other, used for small-scale laboratory tests.


Tetra Pak

Tetra Paks (plural)
tetra pak (alternative)

/ˈtɛtɹəˌpæk/

Originally a trademark, itself from tetra-, clipping of tetrahedron, and a stylized spelling of pack.

A type of plasticized carton for milk, juice and other drinks, originally in the form of a tetrahedron but now primarily in the form of a rectangular cuboid.


bicker

bicker (third-person singular simple present bickers, present participle bickering, simple past and past participle bickered)

bickers (present singular third-person)
bickering (participle present)
bickered (participle past)
bickered (past)

From Middle English bikeren (“to attack”), from Middle Dutch bicken (“to stab, thrust, attack”) + -er (frequentative suffix), from Proto-Germanic *bikjaną (compare Old English becca (“pickax”), Dutch bikken (“to hack”), German picken (“to peck, pick at”), Old Norse bikkja (“to plunge into water”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to smash, break”). Compare also German Low German bickern (“to nibble, gnaw”).

cog

And at the field fought before Bebriacum, ere the battailes joyned, tvvo Ægles had a conflict and bickered together in all their fights: and vvhen the one of them was foyled and overcome, a third came at the very inſtant from the ſunne riſing and chaſed the Victreſſe avvay.

1606, Caius [i.e., Gaius] Suetonius Tranquillus, “The Historie of Flavius Vespatianus Augustus”, in Philêmon Holland, transl., The Historie of Twelve Cæsars Emperours of Rome. […], London: […] [Humphrey Lownes and George Snowdon] for Matthew Lownes, →OCLC, section 5, page 243:

To skirmish; to exchange blows; to fight.


feeder

From Middle English feedere, federe, fedare, equivalent to feed + -er.

(baseball, slang, archaic, 1800s) The pitcher.


spittoon

spittoons (plural)
spitoon (alternative)

In the only arm-chair which the apartment boasted—one of the legs of which was shorter than the other three, and to remedy that defect was ingeniously stuck into an iron spittoon—sat the young man Mr. Pascoe had come to visit, very unlike, it must be confessed, any "portraits of a gentleman" one ever saw in the exhibition of the Royal Academy.

For use in public institutions, in corridors and grounds, I would recommend an elevated spittoon, which has numerous advantages over the ordinary spittoon placed on the floor.

1903, S. A. Knopf, “A practical talk to the nurses of tuberculous patients”, in The American Journal of Nursing, volume 3, page 444:

These had once been divided meticulously between the three classes and were still embellished by lengthy extracts from the Decrée of 1902 ("passengers must not spit except into the spittoons provided on pain of..."—but, alas, the spittoons are no more).

1961 November, H. G. Ellison, P. G. Barlow, “Journey through France: Part One”, in Trains Illustrated, page 668:

They had made good time, Streight thought, considering what they were using: a chisel, a wooden spittoon to put the dirt in, a clothesline to pull the spittoon back and forth, a candle for the digger, and the rubber blanket for fanning air.

2003, Marie Jakober, Only Call Us Faithful: A Novel of the Union Underground, page 194:

A receptacle for spit (saliva); especially, one used by people using chewing tobacco or snuff.