Jupiter

From Latin Iūpiter (“father Jove”), from Proto-Italic *djous patēr (literally “sky father”) (cognate with Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeû páter, “father Zeus”)), from *djous (“day, sky”) + *patēr (“father”), from Proto-Indo-European *dyḗws (literally “the bright one”), from *dyew- (“to be bright, day sky”), and *ph₂tḗr (“father”). Doublet of Dyaus Pita.

der

A number of places in the United States:

An unincorporated community in Tuolumne County, California, named after a mine.

Palm Beach County
Palm Beach County#English

A town in Palm Beach County, Florida, named in error after the Roman god.

A township in Kittson County, Minnesota, named after the planet.

An unincorporated community in Buncombe County, North Carolina.


Jupiter

Mercury · Venus · Earth · Mars · Jupiter · Saturn · Uranus · Neptune [edit]

(especially astronomy) Alternative spelling of jupiter.


Jovian

en-adj

Jovian (comparative more Jovian, superlative most Jovian)

more Jovian (comparative)
most Jovian (superlative)

From Latin Iovis, genitive of Iuppiter, analysable as Jove + -ian.

(astronomy) Pertaining to the planet Jupiter.

Near-synonym: Zeusian

He did not admit of equals. But as a patron he was superb. With his Jovian air, his colossal condescension, his amused smile, his general suggestion of the god descending to the mortal, he could be quite overpowering in his amiability.

1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

(Roman mythology) Pertaining to the Roman god Jove or Jupiter (the counterpart of the Greek god Zeus); Jove-like; befitting Jupiter.


Jovian

(chiefly science fiction) An imaginary inhabitant of the planet Jupiter.


Great Red Spot

A giant anticyclonic storm on the planet Jupiter, first observed about 1665.


Jupiter mass

(astronomy) A unit of mass equal to the mass of the planet Jupiter, used to express the mass of other planets. 1 M_J = 2 × 10²⁷ kg.


trans-Jovian

From trans- (“on the other side of”) + Jove (“Jupiter”) + -ian (“adjectival suffix”).

confix

transjovian (alternative)
Trans-Jovian (alternative)


JOI

orbital insertion
orbital insertion#English

(astronautics) Initialism of Jupiter orbital insertion.


Jovial

/ˈd͡ʒəʊ.vɪ.əl/

(astronomy, obsolete) Pertaining to the planet Jupiter; Jovian.

I know the ſhape of's Legge: this is his Hand: / His Foote Mercuriall: his martiall Thigh / The brawnes of Hercules: but his Iouiall face— / Murther in heaven?

1611 April (first recorded performance), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Cymbeline”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii], page 390, column 1:

It was pointed out in chapter 3 that [C. S.] Lewis liked to regard Jupiter as his personal presiding deity, but Mercury would have been almost as apt a choice, for Lewis had been extraordinarily favoured by that Intelligence whom, in ‘The Planets,’ he calls the ‘Lord of language’: both as a speaker and as a writer Lewis was uncommonly fluent. However, despite these talents, despite the fact that he saw Mercurial as well as Jovial strains in his paternity, and despite his opinion that Mercury shared with Jupiter a special need of rehabilitation, Lewis claimed no special relationship with the planet of the second sphere. In fact, he confesses that the Mercurial essence is almost beyond his grasp: […]

2008, Michael Ward, Planet Narnia: The Seven Heavens in the Imagination of C. S. Lewis, Oxford University Press, →ISBN:

(Roman mythology, obsolete) Pertaining to the Roman god Jove or Jupiter (the counterpart of the Greek god Zeus), the god of the sky and thunder and the king of the gods; Jovian.


Jovial

/ˈd͡ʒəʊ.vɪ.əl/

(chiefly science fiction) An inhabitant of the planet Jupiter; a Jovian.


Jupiterian

en-adj

Jupiterian (comparative more Jupiterian, superlative most Jupiterian)

more Jupiterian (comparative)
most Jupiterian (superlative)

(astrology, rare) Pertaining to the planet Jupiter.

He soon discovered that the role itself was anything but normal in a nation that wants presidents to be at once Jupiterian and close to the people.

2023 June 10, Roula Khalaf, “Lunch with the FT: François Holland”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 3:

(figurative) Jovian; elevated, rarefied.


Jupiterian

(chiefly science fiction, rare) An imaginary inhabitant of the planet Jupiter.


circumjovian

The differential migration of the newly formed Galilean satellites due to interactions with a circumjovian disk can lead to the primordial formation of the Laplace relation n₁ − 3n₂ + 2n₃ = 0, where the nᵢ are the mean orbital angular velocities of Io, Europa, and Ganymede, respectively.

2002 October 18, S. J. Peale, Man Hoi Lee, “A Primordial Origin of the Laplace Relation Among the Galilean Satellites”, in Science, volume 298, number 5593, →DOI, page 593:

(astronomy) That surrounds or circles the planet Jupiter.