filtride

Coordinate term: filtrate

Near-synonyms: filtrand, residue (usually synonymous)

The filtride, i.e. the solid portions that are obtained from the filtration, adheres to the outer surface of the wire 2 and may be gathered, e.g. by means of a water jet, a doctor blade or the like.

2008, David Lindkvist, Method and arrangement for fixing an endless wire (US Patent application US20110233130A1):

After the monomer is consumed, the reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature. Then, filtration is employed to separate the solid filtride from the liquid filtrate.

2014, Dylan J. Boday, Timothy C. Mauldin, Flame-retardant polylactic acid (PLA) by grafting through of phosphorus-containing polymers directly to PLA backbone (US Patant US9187597B1):

The precipitate was filtered out, and the filtride on the filter paper was washed repeatedly with distilled water until the filtrate became neutral. Soxhlet extraction using ethanol and diethyl ether mixture was performed to remove unreacted reagents.

2015 September, Yilei Wang, Ahmed G. El-Deen, Peng Li, Bernice H.L. Oh, Zanru Guo, Mya Mya Khin, Yogesh S. Vikhe, Jing Wang, Rebecca G. Hu∥, Remko M. Boom, Kimberly A. Kline, David L. Becker, Hongwei Duan, Mary B. Chan-Park, “High-Performance Capacitive Deionization Disinfection of Water with Graphene Oxide-graft-Quaternized Chitosan Nanohybrid Electrode Coating”, in American Chemical Society NANO:

(physical chemistry) The substance which remains on the filter after the filtrate passes through it.


normal

en-adj

normal (comparative normaler or more normal, superlative normalest or most normal)

normaler (comparative)
more normal (comparative)
normalest (superlative)
most normal (superlative)

From Latin normālis (“made according to a carpenter's square; later: according to a rule”), from nōrma (“carpenter's square”), of uncertain origin; doublet of normale. The earliest meaning of the word in English was "perpendicular; forming a right angle" like something normālis (“made according to a carpenter's square”), but by Late Latin normālis had also come to mean "according to a rule", from which modern English senses of the word derive: in the 1800s, as people began to quantitatively study things like height, weight and blood pressure, the usual or most common values came to be called "normal", and by extension values regarded as healthy or desirable came to be called "normal" regardless of their usuality.

der

(chemistry) Of, relating to, or being a solution containing one equivalent weight of solute per litre of solution.


precipitate

precipitates (plural)
præcipitate (alternative)

From New Latin praecipitatum. Equivalent to Latin praecipitō + -ate (noun-forming suffix).

af

(chemistry) A solid that exits the liquid phase of a solution.

утайка

chemistry: solid that exits the liquid phase of a solution


electrolysis

en-noun

electrolysis (countable and uncountable, plural electrolyses)

Coined by English polymath William Whewell in 1834 for Michael Faraday. From electro- + -lysis (“a loosening”). Originally of tumors, later (1909) of hair removal.

coin

But current leakage in a Tube tunnel can cause electrolysis to occur in steel retaining walls, which in turn causes them to rust; it could also damage the foundations of nearby buildings.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, →ISBN, page 136:

(chemistry) The chemical change produced by passing an electric current through a conducting solution or a molten salt.


concentration

en-noun

concentration (usually uncountable, plural concentrations)

From New Latin concentrātiō (“(1550) action or an act of coming together at a single place; (1659) extraction or separation of one or more of the metals present in an alloy”). Compare French concentration, Spanish concentración, Italian concentrazione (last quarter of 16th century).

qatılaşma

act or process of reducing the volume of a liquid

The proportion of a substance in a whole.

(physical chemistry) The amount of solute in a solution measured in suitable units (e.g., parts per million (ppm))

konsentrasie

chemistry: amount of solute present in a solution


crystallization

en-noun

crystallization (countable and uncountable, plural crystallizations)

crystallizations (plural)
crystallisation (alternative UK)

/ˌkɹ̠ɪstəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-crystallization.wav

The formation of a solid from a solution, melt, vapour or from a different solid phase


dissolve

en-verb

dissolve (third-person singular simple present dissolves, present participle dissolving, simple past and past participle dissolved)

dissolves (present singular third-person)
dissolving (participle present)
dissolved (participle past)
dissolved (past)

Recorded since c. 1374 (displacing Old English toliesan) as Middle English dissolven, from Latin dissolvere (“to loosen up, break apart”) but with the sense from Anglo-Norman dissoldre (variant of Old French dissoudre), itself from dis- (“apart”) + solvere (“to loose, loosen”). By surface analysis, dis- + solve.

ərimək

intransitive: to be disintegrated into a solution by immersion

(physical chemistry) (transitive) To disintegrate chemically into a solution by immersion into a liquid or other material.

tret

transitive: to disintegrate into a solution by immersion


aqueous

en-adj

aqueous (comparative more aqueous, superlative most aqueous)

more aqueous (comparative)
most aqueous (superlative)
aquæous (alternative obsolete)
aquaeous (alternative)
aquous (alternative obsolete)

Formed from Latin aqua + -ous (or from Medieval Latin aqueus), partly the analogy of Middle French aqueux (itself actually from Latin aquosus). Or based on the analogy of Latin terreus from terra.

It was dissolved in distilled water to prepare the exact aqueous dose (900 mg Kg −1 body weight) for intragastrical injection [ 9 ].

2015 June 28, Kholoud S. Ramadan, Salha A. Alshamrani, “Effects of Salvadora persica Extract on the Hematological and Biochemical Alterations against Immobilization-Induced Rats”, in Scientifica, volume 2015, →DOI:

(physical chemistry) Consisting mostly of water. Often used in the expression "aqueous solution".


soluble

soluble (comparative more soluble, superlative most soluble)

more soluble (comparative)
most soluble (superlative)

From Middle English soluble, from Old French soluble, from Late Latin solūbilis, from Latin solvere (“to loosen”) + -bilis. Piecewise doublet of solvable.

Sugar is soluble in water.

The new fulminate consists of a mixture of chlorate of potash, with the prussiates, soluble or unsoluble, the hyposulphites, the hypophosphites, the phosphides, the amorphous phosphorus, alone or combined.

1867, Edmund Ronalds, Thomas Richardson, Chemical Technology, page 696:


emulsion

Borrowed from French émulsion, from New Latin ēmulsiō, ēmulsiōnis, based on Latin ēmulgeō (“I milk out, extract”).

(physical chemistry) A colloid in which both phases are liquid.


colloid

From French colloïde, from Ancient Greek κόλλα (kólla, “glue”) + -oid. Doublet of collage, collagen, and protocol.

doublet

(physical chemistry) A stable system of two phases, one of which is dispersed in the other in the form of very small droplets or particles.


hard water

en-noun

hard water (countable and uncountable, plural hard waters)

(chemistry) Water with a high concentration of dissolved minerals, especially calcium, making it difficult to lather with soap.

硬水

water with a high concentration of dissolved minerals


cryoscopy

cryoscopy (usually uncountable, plural cryoscopies)

(physical chemistry) The estimation of the molecular weight of a compound by measuring its effect on the freezing point of a solvent.


aqueous phase

The homogeneous part of a heterogeneous system that consists of water or a solution in water of a substance.

vesifaasi

homogeneous part of a heterogeneous system that consist of water or a solution in water of a substance


deaeration

deaeration (countable and uncountable, plural deaerations)

/diːeəˈɹeɪʃən/

(physical chemistry) The process of removing dissolved gasses from a liquid.


insoluble

en-adj

insoluble (comparative more insoluble, superlative most insoluble)

more insoluble (comparative)
most insoluble (superlative)

From Middle English insolible, from Middle French insoluble, from Latin insolūbilis, from in- + solūbilis. Piecewise doublet of insolvable and unsolvable. By surface analysis, in- + soluble.

piecewise doublet

Petroleum is largely insoluble in water.

(physical chemistry) That cannot be dissolved.


homogeneous catalysis

en-noun

homogeneous catalysis (plural homogeneous catalyses)

(chemistry) Catalysis in which the catalyst is present in the same phase as the reactants; normally dissolved in the same solvent.

catalyse homogène

catalysis in which the catalyst is present in the same phase as the reactants


deliquesce

en-verb

deliquesce (third-person singular simple present deliquesces, present participle deliquescing, simple past and past participle deliquesced)

deliquesces (present singular third-person)
deliquescing (participle present)
deliquesced (participle past)
deliquesced (past)

From Latin deliquescere, from de- + liquēscere (“to liquefy”).

(intransitive, physical chemistry) To become liquid by absorbing water from the atmosphere and dissolving in it.


deliquescent

en-adj

deliquescent (comparative more deliquescent, superlative most deliquescent)

more deliquescent (comparative)
most deliquescent (superlative)

Latin deliquescens, present participle of deliquesco; de + liquesco (“I melt”): compare French déliquescent.

deliquescent salts

[…] dew fell in sufficient quantity to make the streets muddy, and it would certainly have washed so deliquescent a substance as salt into the soil.

1846, Charles Darwin, chapter 2, in Geological Observations on South America:

(physical chemistry) Absorbing moisture from the air and forming a solution.


critical micelle concentration

en-noun

critical micelle concentration (plural critical micelle concentrations)

critical micelle concentrations (plural)

(organic chemistry, physical chemistry) The well-defined concentration at which micelles start to form.


saturated solution

saturated solution (plural saturated solutions)

(chemistry) a solution in which the solvent can dissolve no more of a specific solute at a particular temperature


solvolysis

solvolysis (countable and uncountable, plural solvolyses)

(physical chemistry) Any reaction, between a solute and its solvent, in which one or more bonds of the solute are broken; specifically a substitution, elimination or fragmentation reaction in which the solvent is the nucleophile.


degree of ionization

degree of ionization (plural degrees of ionization)

(physical chemistry) the ratio of the number of ions of a solute to the total number of molecules of that solute in a solution


demulsifier

demulsifiers (plural)
de-emulsifier (alternative)

(physical chemistry) Any substance used to break an emulsion into its constituent liquids.


aqua vitae

aqua vitae (countable and uncountable, plural aquae vitae)

aquae vitae (plural)
aqua vitæ (alternative)

From Medieval Latin aqua vītae directly and via Middle English aqua vite and French eau-de-vie, from aqua (“water”) and vītae (“of life”). Doublet of aquavit and akvavit. Compare eau de vie, whisky, whiskey, and water of life from the same source.

(alchemy) An aqueous solution of alcohol typically prepared by distilling wine.

(organic chemistry, archaic) A concentrated aqueous solution of ethanol.


carbonation

carbonation (countable and uncountable, plural carbonations)

Celia didn't eat at the diner anymore because she thought the carbonation in their fountain drinks was off.

The amount or level of dissolved carbon dioxide remaining in solution.


polydisperse

en-adj

polydisperse (comparative more polydisperse, superlative most polydisperse)

more polydisperse (comparative)
most polydisperse (superlative)

(of a polymer, proscribed) Synonym of nonuniform (“composed of macromolecular species of differing molar masses”)


polydispersity

en-noun

polydispersity (countable and uncountable, plural polydispersities)

(countable) A measure of the degree to which a colloid is polydisperse


buffer solution

buffer solution (plural buffer solutions)

(chemistry) A solution, containing a buffer, that maintains a relatively constant pH


mineralization

mineralization (countable and uncountable, plural mineralizations)

mineralizations (plural)
mineralisation (alternative)

A form of fossilization in which the organic parts of an organism are replaced by minerals.

The breakdown of organic matter in the soil to form soluble inorganic compounds.

(pathology) The deposition of calcium salts in abnormal parts of the skeleton.

The addition of minerals to water to make a mineral water.


coprecipitation

coprecipitation (countable and uncountable, plural coprecipitations)

coprecipitations (plural)
co-precipitation (alternative)

(physical chemistry) The precipitation of an otherwise soluble substance through the precipitation of another substance.


deionization

deionizations (plural)
deionisation (alternative)

(physical chemistry) The use of ion exchange to remove ionic substances from a solution


cloud point

(physical chemistry) The temperature at which one component of a mixture of liquids begins to solidify (or a mixture of liquids starts to become immiscible) on cooling, resulting in visible cloudiness; as for example in diesel fuel in freezing temperatures; the consolute point


colligative

From Latin colligātus (“bound together”) + -ive. Coined by Wilhelm Ostwald in 1891.

suf

(physical chemistry, physics) Describing any property that depends only on the number of molecules present.


crystallizer

chemical engineering
chemical engineering

(chemical engineering) The chemical engineering vessel in which the crystallization of a solution takes place.


demineralization

en-noun

demineralization (countable and uncountable, plural demineralizations)

/dɪˌmɪnəɹəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/

(pathology) The loss of minerals, especially those of calcium, from bone.


consolute

en-adj

consolute (comparative more consolute, superlative most consolute)

more consolute (comparative)
most consolute (superlative)

(chemistry) Describing liquids that are totally miscible in all proportions


consolute point

en-noun

consolute point (plural consolute points)


cosolvent

(chemistry) A second solvent added in small quantities to enhance the solvent power of the primary solvent.


cybotactic

(physical chemistry) Describing the region around a solute molecule (the cosphere) in which the solvent molecules are more ordered


cryocondensation

(organic chemistry, physical chemistry) The use of very low temperatures to condense volatile (usually) organic compounds from the air or other gaseous medium.


coacervate

/kəʊəˈsɜːvət/

(biochemistry, physical chemistry, organic chemistry) The microsphere droplet that results from coacervation.


deflocculation

deflocculation (usually uncountable, plural deflocculations)

Repeated use of this type of [water] on plants results in deflocculation[] of the soil. Good quality soil consists of loose aggregates which provide natural aeration and ease of root run. Sodium accumulation in soil destroys this natural flocculation and causes the soil to pack.

1972 November 5, Joan Lee Faust, “AROUND THE Garden”, in The New York Times:

The dispersion of an aggregate to form a stable colloid; the reverse of coagulation or flocculation.


lysocline

From Ancient Greek λύσις (lúsis, “loosening, breaking loose”) + -cline.

af

The causes of CaCO₃ dissolution above the lysocline are subject to debate and have been attributed to (i) dissolution in zooplankton guts; (ii) dissolution in microenvironments where bacterial oxidation of organic matter enhances this process; and (iii) dissolution of more soluble forms of CaCO₃, including pteropods and high-magnesium calcite.

2009 January 16, R. W. Wilson et al., “Contribution of Fish to the Marine Inorganic Carbon Cycle”, in Science, volume 323, number 5912:

The depth in the ocean below which solubility of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) increases dramatically.


crystalloid

(physical chemistry) Any substance that can be crystallized from solution; a water-soluble crystalline substance that can diffuse through a semipermeable membrane, as opposed to a colloid which cannot.

criostalóideach

any substance that can be crystallized from solution


attomolar

(physical chemistry) Describing a concentration of 10⁻¹⁸ mole per litre. This is only about 600 particles per cubic centimeter.


crash out

en-verb

crash out (third-person singular simple present crashes out, present participle crashing out, simple past and past participle crashed out)

crashes out (present singular third-person)
crashing out (participle present)
crashed out (participle past)
crashed out (past)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-crash out.wav

From crash + out. References online to the slang sense go as far back as a Twitter post from 2013, attributed to YoungBoy Never Broke Again, a rapper from Baton Rouge, La. Popularized by a December 2023 viral TikTok video.

These solutions, however, were unstable and immediately crashed out.

2006, Adam M. Schwartzberg, Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Sensing with Gold Nanoparticles, Aggregates, and Hollow Gold Nanospheres, page 135:

One of the biggest challenges of in vitro assays is dealing with compounds that have low aqueous solubility that crash out of solution when they are added to the assay buffer or culture medium.

2013, Jie Jack Li, E. J. Corey, Drug Discovery: Practices, Processes, and Perspectives:

A supersaturated solution is unstable; solute molecules may crash out of solution given the slightest perturbation.

2015, John T. Moore, Chris Hren, Peter J. Mikulecky, U Can: Chemistry I For Dummies, page 267:


decanormal

[ˌdɛkəˈnɔːməɫ]

(physical chemistry) Having a concentration ten times that of a normal solution


decinormal

[ˈdɛsɪnɔːməɫ]

(physical chemistry) Having a concentration one tenth that of a normal solution


carbonatation

en-noun

carbonatation (usually uncountable, plural carbonatations)

Carbonatation is used in refining sugar from sugar beet.

(physical chemistry) A chemical reaction in which calcium hydroxide reacts with carbon dioxide to form insoluble calcium carbonate.


banana solution

The amyl acetate gives it the odor of bananas.

(organic chemistry) A solution used as a vehicle in applying bronze pigments. It contains acetote, benzene, pyroxylin, and amyl acetate.


centinormal

(chemistry) Having a concentration one hundredth that of a normal solution


chaotrope

(physical chemistry) A chaotropic solute


sal alembroth

(inorganic chemistry, obsolete) A solution of equal parts of corrosive sublimate and ammonium chloride.


chemogradient

(physical chemistry) A gradient in the concentration of a chemical compound


complexolysis

(physical chemistry) The solvolysis of a complex


alcosol

(organic chemistry, physical chemistry) A colloid where the dispersive media is alcohol.


chemodensity

(physical chemistry) chemical density / concentration


decimolar

(chemistry) One tenth as concentrated as a molar solution.


centimolar

(physical chemistry) Of or relating to centimoles; one hundredth as concentrated as a molar solution.


colloidal silver

colloidal silver (plural colloidal silvers)

alternative medicine
alternative medicine

(alternative medicine, pseudoscience) colloid consisting of silver particles suspended in liquid, originally used by doctors from the early 20th century until the 1940s (when antibiotics emerged) and then experiencing a revival from about 1990, when it was marketed with scientifically unsupported claims of it being an essential mineral supplement, or that it can prevent or treat numerous diseases


colligative property

colligative property (plural colligative properties)

(physical chemistry) A property of a solution that is influenced by the relative amount of solute particles, rather than the properties of the solute itself.

Boiling-point elevation
Freezing-point depression
Osmotic pressure
Raoult's law
colligative property


concn.

(chemistry) Abbreviation of concentration.