tiger

tigers (plural)
tigre (alternative obsolete)
tyger (alternative dated)
tygre (alternative dated)

→ Fijian: taika

→ Maori: taika

→ Rarotongan: taika

→ Volapük: tigrid

→ Welsh: teigr

Inland Northern American, New England, some speakers

From Middle English tygre, in part from Old English tigras (pl.), in part from Anglo-Norman tigre, both from Latin tigris, from Ancient Greek τίγρις (tígris), from Iranian (compare Avestan 𐬙𐬌𐬔𐬭𐬌 (tigri, “arrow”), 𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬀 (tiγra, “pointed”)). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to pierce, prick, be sharp”). Compare English stick.

der

Thylacinus cynocephalus
Thylacinus cynocephalus#Translingual

Certain other animals that resemble true tigers in appearance, pattern, colouration, etc.

(inexact) A Tasmanian tiger, †Thylacinus cynocephalus.

Jim remarked irrelevantly that tigers were 'schelms' and it was his conviction that there were a great many in the kloofs round about.

1907, Sir Percy Fitzpatrick, Jock of the Bushveld, Longmans, published 1976, →ISBN, page 251:

(South Africa, dated but still used) A leopard.


tiger

From the mascot of Princeton (a tiger), which led to early cheerleaders calling out "Tiger" at the end of a cheer for the Princeton team.

He spoke with a very strong Scotch accent, and is by no means a graceful orator, but he produced througout a most favourable impression upon all his hearers, and especially upon the students, one of whom shouted as the speaker closed, 'Long Live PRESIDENT M'COSH!' and then proposed three cheers, which were given with a will, followed by the usual tiger and ' rocket.'

1868, Punch: Or the London Charivari - Volume 55, page 231:

. . . every blue coat in the audience sprang to his feet, with three times three and a tiger.

1941, Margaret Leech, Reveille in Washington:

One Brooklyn military company has a “tiger” composed of a provincial expression borrowed from the farmers. When drawled out by a hundred throats the phrase "I-wanter-know!" always produces a laugh.

2008, D. C. Beard, The Outdoor Handy Book: For Playground, Field, and Forest, page 413:

A final shouted phrase, accompanied by a jump or outstretched arms, at the end of a cheer.


Asian lion

/ˈeɪʒən ˈlaɪən/

Panthera leo persica, a subspecies of lion that inhabited Asia.


snow leopard

Panthera uncia
Panthera uncia#Translingual

A large feline mammal, Panthera uncia (syn. Uncia uncia), native to mountain ranges of central Asia.


jaguar

/ˈd͡ʒæɡ.jʊə/

/ˈd͡ʒæɡ.juː.ə/

/ˈd͡ʒæɡ.juː.ɑː/

/ˈd͡ʒæɡ.wɑɹ/

/ˈd͡ʒæɡ.waɪɚ/

From Portuguese jaguar, from Old Tupi îagûara.

Panthera onca
Panthera onca#Translingual

A carnivorous spotted large cat native to South and Central America, Panthera onca.


leopard

leopards (plural)
lybard (alternative)
libbard (alternative)

From Middle English leopard, leopart, lepard, leperd, from Old French leopard (“leopard”), from Late Latin leopardus (“leopon, lipard”) from late Ancient Greek λεόπαρδος (leópardos, “leopon, lipard”), from λέων (léōn, “lion”) + πάρδος (párdos, “pard, male leopard”), from earlier πάρδαλις (párdalis, “leopard”), probably from an unattested Old Persian [Term?] term ancestral to Middle Persian palang, Khwarezmian plyk, Sogdian [script needed] (pwrδnk), Pashto پړانګ (pṛāng). Compare Persian پلنگ (palang) and Sanskrit पृदाकु (pṛdāku, “panther”).

tier

a large wild cat with a spotted coat, Panthera pardus

Naakaii Łizhiní Bikéyahdę́ę́ʼ náshdóítsoh łikizhígíí

leopon

hybrid formed by a leopard and a lioness

lipard

hybrid formed by a lion and a leopardess

During all such cases when we were present they responded by giving repeated alarm calls, even when the leopard was already feeding on a carcass. We wanted to determine whether vervets knew enough about the behavior of leopards to recognize that, even in the absence of a leopard, a carcass in a tree signaled the same potential danger as did a leopard itself.

1990, Dorothy L. Cheney, How Monkeys See the World: Inside the Mind of Another Species, published 1992, page 284:

The leopard (Panthera pardus or Felis pardus cf tulliana) is a close relative of the lion, but biblical references mentioning it are very few, suggesting that it was not as common.

1998, Oded Borowski, Every Living Thing: Daily Use of Animals in Ancient Israel, page 201:

Leopard skins have always been desirable commodities because of their spectacular spotted patterns.

2005, Richard Ellis, Tiger Bone & Rhino Horn: The Destruction of Wildlife for Traditional Chinese Medicine, page 197:

Panthera pardus
Panthera pardus#Translingual

Panthera pardus, a large wild cat with a spotted coat native to Africa and Asia, especially the male of the species (in contrast to leopardess).

Neofelis nebulosa
Neofelis nebulosa#Translingual

Neofelis diardi
Neofelis diardi#Translingual

(inexact) A similar-looking, large wild cat named after the leopard.

A clouded leopard (either Neofelis nebulosa or Neofelis diardi), a large wild cat native to Asia.

The snow leopard (Panthera uncia), a large wild cat native to Asia.

There are plenty of beautiful cats among the thirty-nine species in the Felidae family, but the three leopards—clouded, common, and snow—may be the most visually stunning. Cloaked in the most beautiful fur of any cat, the reclusive clouded leopard is the Greta Garbo of the lot; it lives a solitary life in the remote jungles of Asia, from Nepal to Borneo.

2005, Eric Dinerstein, Tigerland and Other Unintended Destinations, page 81:


lion

lions (plural)
lion (plural rare)
lyon (alternative)

→ Hawaiian: liona

→ Japanese: ライオン (raion)

→ Maia: laion

→ Tokelauan: leona

From Middle English lyoun, lion, leon, borrowed from Old French lion, from Latin leō, (accusative: leōnem), from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn), of unclear origin. Doublet of Leo, leu, lev, and Lyon. Displaced Old English lēo, from the same Latin source.

March comes in like a lion and goes out like a lamb

(by extension) Any of various extant and extinct big cats, especially the mountain lion.


lioness

From Middle English leonesse, lyonesse, from Old French leonesse, lionesse; equivalent to lion + -ess.

When "lionesses" visiting Oxford for the gay doings of commemoration week spend a morning at Merton, they should look out for Antony Wood's mural tablet in the chapel, […]

1871, John Cordy Jeaffreson, Annals of Oxford, page 305:

"Now, boys, keep your eyes open, there must be plenty of lionesses about;" and thus warned, the whole load, including the cornopean player, were on the look-out for lady visitors, profanely called lionesses, all the way up the street.

1888, Thomas Hughes, Tom Brown at Oxford, page 271:

(Oxford University slang, obsolete) A female visitor to a student at Oxford, especially during commemoration week.


tigress

From French tigresse, corresponding to tiger + -ess.

So-al was a mighty fine-looking girl, built like a tigress as to strength and sinuosity, but withal sweet and womanly.

1918 September–November, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “The Land That Time Forgot”, in The Blue Book Magazine, Chicago, Ill.: Story-press Corp., →OCLC; republished as chapter IV, in Hugo Gernsback, editor, Amazing Stories, part II, number 12, New York, N.Y.: Experimenter Publishing, March 1927, →OCLC, page 1164, column 1:

Indestructibly seductive at 79, this greatest and wittiest of all singing tigresses has lasted even longer on the stage than the original glamorous grandmother, Marlene Dietrich.

2006 October 6, Stephen Holden, “Fabled Feline Charms, in Fine Working Order”, in The New York Times:


liger

Tigons, ligers and a zeedonk have also been created by miscegenating mammals.

1985, Hartson & Dawson, The Ultimate Irrelevant Encyclopedia, page 66:

An animal born to a male lion and a tigress.


tigon

A cross between a male tiger and a lioness.


leopardess

It was the story of the wicked leopardess who wanted to eat the young lambs of her old friend the sheep.

1963, Chinua Achebe, No Longer at Ease, Penguin Classics (2010), page 47:


leonine

en-adj

leonine (comparative more leonine, superlative most leonine)

more leonine (comparative)
most leonine (superlative)

From Late Middle English leonin, leonine (“characteristic of a lion, lionlike”), from Old French leonin, and from its etymon Latin leōnīnus (“of or pertaining to a lion”), from leō (“lion”) (from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn, “lion”); further etymology uncertain) + -īnus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’).

лъвски

of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a lion

He was of a leonine-coloured haire, sanguinocholerique, middle sized, strong.

1669–1696 (date written), John Aubrey, “Samuel Butler (161⅔–1680)”, in Andrew Clark, editor, ‘Brief Lives,’ Chiefly of Contemporaries, […], volume I (A–H), Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, published 1898, →OCLC, page 138:

Ti′ger. […] A fierce beaſt of the leonine kind.

1755 April 15, Samuel Johnson, “Ti′ger”, in A Dictionary of the English Language: […], volume II (L–Z), London: […] J[ohn] and P[aul] Knapton; […], →OCLC, column 1:

Redoubted King, of courage leonine, / I mark thee, Richard!

1822, William Wordsworth, “[Ecclesiastical Sketches, in a Series of Sonnets. Part I. From the Introduction of Christianity into Britain, to the Consummation of the Papal Dominion.] [Sonnet] XXXIV. Richard I.”, in Henry [Hope] Reed, editor, The Complete Poetical Works of William Wordsworth, Philadelphia, Pa.: Hayes & Zell, […], published 1860, →OCLC, page 354, column 1:

Great sensibility lay in him [Edward Sterling], too; a real sympathy, and affectionate pity and softness, which he had an over-tendency to express even by tears,—a singular sight in so leonine a man.

1851, Thomas Carlyle, “Disaster on Disaster”, in The Life of John Sterling, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, part II, page 303:

He [Walter Savage Landor] was a man of somewhat leonine aspect as regards the general appearance and expression of the head and face, which accorded well with the large and massive build of the figure, and to which a superbly curling white beard added not only picturesqueness, but a certain nobility.

1887, Thomas Adolphus Trollope, “Walter S. Landor—G. P. Marsh”, in What I Remember […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley and Son […], →OCLC, pages 245–246:

He [John B. Cox] is the birdwatching equivalent of a great hunter, striding along the edge of the swamp with an almost leonine confidence, his large hands gripping his binoculars like a gunslinger wields a Colt 45.

2005, Sean Dooley, “23 March, Gluepot Reserve, SA”, in The Big Twitch: One Man, One Continent, a Race against Time—A True Story about Birdwatching, Crows Nest, Sydney, N.S.W.: Allen & Unwin, →ISBN, page 124:

Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a lion; lionlike.

leonine facies

The most terrible variety of this hideous evil is the leonine leprosy, so called because the head of the sufferer resembles that of a lion.

1874 September 15, “Catholic Heroism”, in The Illustrated Monitor: Organ of the Confraternity of the Sacred Christ and Agony of Our Lord, […], volume I, number 2, Dublin: Joseph Dollard, […], published 1875, →OCLC, page 22, column 1:

From syphilis, which is also a disease whose lesions are polymorphic in character, lepra can be distinguished by […] the characteristic leonine facies of its tubercular forms.

1883, James Nevins Hyde, “Neoplastic”, in A Practical Treatise on Diseases of the Skin, […], Philadelphia, Pa.: Henry C[harles] Lea’s Son & Co., →OCLC, class IX (Of the Skin with Involvement of Other Organs), page 431:

A careful examination showed that the man was suffering from leprosy in an advanced stage; his face had the leonine expression, and the husky voice doubtless indicated that the disease had invaded the larynx.

1890 November, “Leprosy in Louisiana—Necessity of Providing for Lepers”, in New Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal, volume XVIII (New Series), number 5, New Orleans, La.: L. Graham & Son, […], →OCLC, page 396:

However, a head of Bes on an anthropomorphic clay vessel, dating from around 1300 bc, has been found in an Egyptian temple in Canaan, and it has been claimed that its leonine facies shows signs of advanced lepromatous leprosy.

2000, Elinor Lieber, “Old Testament ‘Leprosy’, Contagion and Sin”, in Lawrence I[rvin] Conrad, Dominik Wujastyk, editors, Contagion: Perspectives from Pre-modern Societies, Aldershot, Hampshire: Ashgate Publishing, published 2017, →ISBN, part III (Middle East and Europe), page 129:

(pathology) Of a facies (“a person's facial features”): resembling those of a lion as a result of some disease, especially a form of leprosy which causes leontiasis (“a medical condition characterized by an overgrowth of the cranial and facial bones”); also, of leprosy: causing a lionlike facies.

leijonamainen

of a facies: resembling those of a lion as a result of some disease; of leprosy: causing a lionlike facies


leonine

Léonin
Pope Leo II
Pope Leo IV
San Clemente al Laterano

The adjective is derived from Late Middle English leonin, leonine (“of or pertaining to a person named Leo; specifically Pope Leo IV”), from Latin leōnīnus, from Leo (“man’s name”) (from leo (“lion”): see etymology 1) + -īnus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’).
Sense 2 (“being or relating to a kind of verse with internal rhyme”) is said to refer to a (possibly apocryphal) medieval monk named Leo or Leonius who composed verse with this characteristic; his identity is uncertain, but the composer Léonin (also known as Leo, Leoninus, or Leonius; flourished 1135–1201) has been suggested. Alternatively, the word may refer to Pope Leo II (c. 611–683): see the c. 1760–1761 quotation.
The noun is derived from the adjective.

The Nineteenth and Tvventieth Days vvere ſpent in ſeeing the Monuments of the Leonine City, the Vatican Church, the Palace and Library.

1712, [Bernard de] Montfaucon, “The Nineteenth and Twentieth Days. […]”, in [John Henley?], transl., The Travels of the Learned Father Montfaucon from Paris thro’ Italy. […], London: […] D. L. for E[dmund] Curll […], E[gbert] Sanger […], R[obert] Gosling […], and W. Lewis […], →OCLC, page 319:

Of or pertaining to one of the popes named Leo; specifically (in Leonine City), to Pope Leo IV (r. 847–855) who ordered the building of a wall around Vatican Hill to protect what is now Vatican City, or (in Leonine Prayers) to Pope Leo XIII (r. 1878–1903).

Leon

of or pertaining to one of the popes named Leo

leonine rhyme

In the Church of St. Dominick is a ſmall Picture of the Bleſſed Virgin, vvith the Infant JESUS in her Arms, vvell painted, and yet, appears to have been done in the Iron Age of Painting and other Arts, by the follovving verses, vvrit under it. […] Theſe Leonine Verſes, as plainly appears by them, expreſs a Senſe contrary to the Intention of the VVriter.

1712, [Bernard de] Montfaucon, “My Journey to Siena; […]”, in [John Henley?], transl., The Travels of the Learned Father Montfaucon from Paris thro’ Italy. […], London: […] D. L. for E[dmund] Curll […], E[gbert] Sanger […], R[obert] Gosling […], and W. Lewis […], →OCLC, page 403:

Observe, that, if the date of this poem be true, the general opinion, that the Leonine verse owes its name to Leonius, seems to be false; […] It is not therefore very likely, as Leonius flourished in 1154, that he should give name to such Latin verses upwards of thirty years before. Indeed some people have thought that it was called after Leo, probably the Second, who lived in 684, a pope who is said to have reformed the hymns and the music of the church.

c. 1760–1761 (date written; published 1814), Thomas Gray, “[Essays. Metrum.] Observations on the Pseudo-Rhythmus.”, in Edmund Gosse, editor, The Works of Thomas Gray in Prose and Verse. […], volume I (Poems, Journals, and Essays), London: Macmillan and Co., published 1884, →OCLC, pages 374–375:

[T]he Latin poetry, instead of Leonine rhymes, or attempts at regular hexameters almost equally bad, becomes, in the hands of Gunther, Gualterus de Insulis, Gulielmus Brito, and Joseph Iscanus, to whom a considerable number of names might be added, always tolerable, sometimes truly spirited; […]

1837–1839, Henry Hallam, “On the General State of Literature in the Middle Ages to the End of the Fourteenth Century”, in Introduction to the Literature of Europe, in the Fifteenth, Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries, volume I, London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, paragraph 84, page 100:

(poetry) Being or relating to a kind of medieval Latin verse, generally alternative hexameter and pentameter, with rhyming at the middle and end of a line (that is, internal rhyme); also (by extension), of or relating to modern verse having internal rhyme.

leoniininen

being or relating to a kind of medieval Latin verse; of or relating to modern verse having internal rhyme


leonine

A[llen]. The Clink of Syllables call'd Rymes, / Brought in ith' barb'rous Runick times, / To ſober Criticks ſeems to be / A paultry part of Poetry, / Becoming Monkiſh dull Divines, / VVho traded much in Leonines. / J[ohn]. Altho' to ſpoil I ſhould be ſorry, / An undergraduate Antiquary, / Yet I'll produce a Line or tvvo / Of Leonines in Cicero, / Before the Monks long time ago.

1715, “Canto III”, in The Miller of Trompington: being an Exercise upon Chaucer’s Reeve’s Tale, London: […] Jonas Brown, […]; and sold by J[ames] Roberts […], →OCLC, pages 44–45:

[F]rom the jingling of the Greek couplet juſt before, and ſimilar inſtances of his taſte, I am perſuaded Sir VVilliam intended theſe as Leonines perfect in their kind.

1771 December, “Illustration of the Inscription on Sir W[illiam] Browne’s Monument. […] Continued from Our Last. The Notes.”, in The Town and Country Magazine; or, Universal Repository of Knowledge, Instruction, and Entertainment, volume III, London: […] A[rchibald] Hamilton Junr. […]; [a]nd sold by Robinson and Roberts, […], →OCLC, page 648, column 1:

The manuscript of Trinity College, Cambridge, which we have already mentioned, was written at the beginning of the thirteenth century, and the proverbs which it contains are translations into Latin leonines of some of the more popular English, and, in one or two instances, Norman proverbs of that time.

1835 March, “Art. V.— […] 4. Collection of English Proverbs of the Twelfth Century, Translated into Latin Leonines. MS. Trin. Coll. Camb. O. 2. 45. (Unpublished.) [book review]”, in Cochrane’s Foreign Quarterly Review, volume I, number II, London: Whittaker & Co. […]; Edinburgh: Robert Cadell, […], →OCLC, page 395:

(poetry, chiefly in the plural) Synonym of Leonine verse (“a kind of medieval Latin verse, generally alternative hexameter and pentameter, with rhyming at the middle and end of a line (that is, internal rhyme)”).


tigrine

en-adj

tigrine (comparative more tigrine, superlative most tigrine)

more tigrine (comparative)
most tigrine (superlative)

/ˈtaɪˌɡɹaɪn/

Near-synonyms: tigerlike, tigerish (sometimes synonymous)

Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of the tiger.


pard

From Middle English parde, from Old French, from Latin pardus, from Ancient Greek πάρδος (párdos), possibly of Iranian origin and related to other Sanskrit and Ancient Greek terms (see leopard).

Then a soldier,
Full of strange oaths, and bearded like the pard,
Jealous in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel …

c. 1598–1600 (date written), William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vii], lines 1047-49:

Ten Brace, and more, of Greyhounds, snowy fair,
And tall as Stags, ran loose, and cours'd around his Chair,
A Match for Pards in flight, in grappling, for the Bear

1700, John Dryden, Palamon and Arcite, Book III:

In a mistake of the gall-bladder for some part of South America it is mostly found in the pard […]

1813, John Mason Good, Pantologia. A new (cabinet) cyclopædia, by J.M. Good, O. Gregory, and N. Bosworth assisted by other gentlemen of eminence, page 41:

St. Jerome takes the pard of Jeremiah to mean the onslaught of Alexander upon India. His contemporary, St. Ambrose, avers that the pard’s variety of hue signifies the various impulses of the soul.

1902, Richard Thayer Holbrook, Dante and the Animal Kingdom:

Centuries ago it was believed that the leopard was a cross between a lion and a pard, hence its title of leo-pard. Some authorities said that a pard was another name for a panther and others stated that a panther was a female leopard. The relationship between the pard, the panther and the leopard kept changing until, at last, the great Dr Johnson in his 1760 dictionary declared bluntly that a panther was a pard and that a pard was a leopard. In other words, the three animals were one and the same. After Johnson's time the pard faded into history, but the panther managed to survive […].

2014 June 15, Desmond Morris, Leopard, Reaktion Books, →ISBN:

(archaic, literary) A leopard; a panther.


wild cat

wild cats (plural)
wild-cat (alternative uncommon)
wildcat (alternative uncommon)

From Middle English wyld cat, wylde cat (in the plural as wild cattes, wylde catis, wyle cattes), equivalent to wild + cat.

Felis silvestris
Felis silvestris#Translingual

(uncommon) Alternative form of wildcat, (UK) the Old World wildcats (Felis silvestris) or (US) the bobcat (Lynx rufus) and other New World lynxes.


Bengal tiger

Bengal tiger is considered sacred by Hindus and the antipodes (so-called no-caste tribes) living in the forests of India.[…]In addition to this, the health of forests is determined by the presence of Bengal tigers.

2011, Devidas K. Belsare, Vanishing Roar of Bengal Tigers, RoseDog Books, page ix:

Bengal tigers are endangered animals. Their numbers have been dropping for more than a century. In the early 1900s, about 40,000 Bengal tigers lived in India. Today, that number stands at around 1,400. About 400 more Bengal tigers live in nearby countries.

2012, Colleen A. Sexton, The Bengal Tiger, Bellwether Media, page 18:

Panthera tigris tigris
Panthera tigris tigris#Translingual

Any tiger of a specific, fragmented population of the subspecies Panthera tigris tigris in the Indian subcontinent.


Siberian tiger

A tiger of a specific Panthera tigris tigris population, now confined to Outer Manchuria in Russia.


Sumatran tiger

Panthera tigris sondaica
Panthera tigris sondaica#Translingual

A population of Panthera tigris sondaica, found only on the Indonesian island of Sumatra.


Nemean Lion

(Greek mythology) A mythical lion of ancient Nemea that was invulnerable to attack by weapons and was slain by Hercules as one of his labours.


panther

→ Maori: panata

→ Welsh: panther

From Middle English panter, panther, pantere, from Old French pantere, from Latin panthēra, from Ancient Greek πάνθηρ (pánthēr, “panther”).

der

A cougar; especially the Florida panther.


Bali tiger

A species of tiger, Panthera tigris sondaica, that became extinct in the 1930s.


big cat

Any large felid animal, especially one of the Panthera genus, including tigers, lions, jaguars and leopards.


cave lion

After the arrival of humans in Europe, cave lions began to decrease in size.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: The First 100 Million Years, Penguin, published 2019, page 202:

Panthera leo spelaea
Panthera leo spelaea#Translingual

An extinct subspecies of lion, Panthera leo spelaea, known from fossils and multiple examples of prehistoric art.


Nubian lion

East African lion
East African lion#English


Barbary lion

Barbary lions had been believed extinct in the wild since the mid-twentieth century, survived only by a few odds and bods of DNA carried in captive individuals descended from Haile Selassie's private collection.

Panthera leo leo
Panthera leo leo#Translingual

(zoology) Any of the North African population, now extinct in the wild, of the lion subspecies Panthera leo leo.


king of beasts

“Who shot the lions?” Fred asked. / “Yours truly,” answered Terry. “I shot them with my little gun. I wouldn’t tell a lie for a dozen lions.” Nearly every one in the command laughed heartily, and gathered around to see the big game. The scouts told how Terry had brought the two kings of beasts down, each at a single shot.

1900 February 23, Hal Standish [pseudonym; Harvey King Shackleford], “Fred Fearnot in Johannesburg or, The Terrible Ride to Kimberley”, in Work and Win: An Interesting Weekly for Young America, number 64, New York, N.Y.: Frank Tousey, chapter VII (Terry’s Remarkable Exploit as a Lion Slayer), page 20, column 1:

مَلِك الغَابَة (malik al-ḡāba, literally “king of the forest/jungle”)


queen of beasts

en-noun

queen of beasts (plural queens of beasts)

[W]e will follow females from pregnancy and parturition to the pooling of their cubs in a crèche, whereupon the egalitarian queens of beasts are faced with the intricacies of shared caregiving.

2023, Craig Packer, “Cub Rearing”, in The Lion: Behavior, Ecology, and Conservation of an Iconic Species, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 76:

राज्ञी पशूनाम्

rājñī paśūnām


Amur leopard

a wild feline predator, of species Panthera pardus orientalis, native to the mountainous areas of the taiga as well as other temperate forests in Korea, Northeast China and the Russian Far East.


Javan tiger

An extinct tiger that inhabited the Indonesian island of Java until the 1980s.


Cape lion

Panthera leo melanochaita
Panthera leo melanochaita#Translingual

A lion of the extinct population of subspecies Panthera leo melanochaita which inhabited the Cape of Good Hope.


tiglon

Panthera tigris
Panthera tigris#Translingual

A fertile hybrid cross between a male tiger (Panthera tigris) and a lioness (Panthera leo).


lionly

en-adj

lionly (comparative more lionly, superlative most lionly)

more lionly (comparative)
most lionly (superlative)

For although I ſaid before, that the Church coveting to ride upon the lionly form of Juriſdiction, makes a transformation of herſelf into an Aſs, and becomes deſpicable...

1738, John Milton, “The Reaſon of Church-Government Urg'd againſt Prelaty, Book II”, in A Complete Collection of the Historical, Political, and Miscellaneous Works of John Milton, London: A. Millar, →OL, page 66:

Upon these interjections, placable flicks of the lionly tail addressed to Britannia the Ruler, who expected him in some mildish way to lash terga cauda in retiring, Sir Willoughby Patterne passed from a land of alien manners; […]

The destructive lionly skepticism burns all bridges to prior beliefs and presuppositions.

1994, George David Miller, An Idiosyncratic Ethics:

Lionly strength expresses independence of will and a restless wandering based in deep curiosity and intense perception.

Picture these lionly lovers jumping through romantic hoops, otherwise known as the initial courtship phase, and then a disagreement or difference of opinion occurs.

Resembling or characteristic of a lion, for example in fierceness.


Caspian tiger

An extinct race of Panthera tigris tigris, that had been recorded in the wild until the early 1970s, and formerly inhabited the sparse forest habitats and riverine corridors west and south of the Caspian Sea, from Turkey, Iran and west through Central Asia into the Taklamakan Desert of Xinjiang, China.


lionel

From Old French [Term?], diminutive of lion.


tion

A cross between a male tiger and a lioness.


pantherid

(zoology) Any member of family Pantheridae (now subfamily Pantherinae) of big cats.


ligress

Colette has rescued cougars, bobcats, jaguars, panthers, tigers, lions--and even a ligress --a cross between a lion and a tiger.

1994 December 6, Tim May, “Waystation Trying to Save Tigers in Ireland”, in Los Angeles Times:

Called Shasta because "she hasta" have this and "she hasta" have that, the bossy liger — she was a ligress, to be more precise — was one of the zoo's most beloved and famous residents before she died in 1972 at the ripe age of twenty-four.

2008, Brandon Griggs, Utah Curiosities: Quirky Characters, Roadside Oddities & Other Offbeat Stuff, Insiders' Guide, published 2008, →ISBN, page 128:

There are a number of cases of ligers and ligresses in the world but experts say it is impossible for males to conceive and exceptionally rare for females to give birth.

2012 September 11, “The rarest big cat in the world needs a normal moggy as her foster mum”, in The Siberian Times:


leopardine

leopardine (comparative more leopardine, superlative most leopardine)

more leopardine (comparative)
most leopardine (superlative)

Near-synonym: leopardlike (sometimes synonymous)

My leopardine beauties are rarer

1901, Thomas Hardy, 'The Mother Mourns' in Poems of the Past and the Present, Macmillan (1903), page 73

Resembling or characteristic of a leopard.


American lion

An extinct lion of subspecies †Panthera leo atrox or species †Panthera atrox, endemic to North America and northwestern South America during the Pleistocene epoch.


great cat

Any large feline animal, especially one of the Panthera genus, including tigers, lions, jaguars and leopards.


African lion

A lion inhabiting Africa, formerly thought to comprise a subspecies.


black panther

A melanistic colour variant of the leopard (Panthera pardus) or the jaguar (Panthera onca).

黑豹

melanistic colour variant of the leopard or the jaguar


European jaguar

en-noun

European jaguar (plural European jaguars)

The European jaguar inhabited the continent from about 1.6 million years ago until around 500,000 years ago.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: The First 100 Million Years, Penguin, published 2019, page 152:

(paleontology) An extinct species of jaguar, Panthera gombaszoegensis, which lived in Europe during the Pleistocene.


litigon

In 1979 the staff went further and crossed a tigon with a lion , producing a litigon . This male litigon has recently matured and is one of the most restless of his family . He is 2 feet longer than a lion and 8 inches taller .

Largest litigon An adult male litigon ( a hybrid of an Indian lion and a tigon - itself the offspring of a tiger and a lioness ) named Cubanacan at Alipore Zoological Gardens , Calcutta , India is believed to weigh at least 800 lb.

1994, Norris McWhirter, The Guiness Book of World Records 1994, Bantam, →ISBN:

(Photo: Jacana Agence de Presse/ E. Dragesco) Largest litigon An adult male litigon (a hybrid of an Indian lion and a tigon — itself the offspring of a tiger and a lioness) named Cubanacan at Alipore Zoological Gardens, Calcutta,[…]

1992 October 1, Peter Matthews, Michelle Dunkley McCarthy, The Guinness book of records, →ISBN:

An animal born to a male lion and a female tigon.


Amur tiger

Amid the torrent of bad environmental news in recent years, the story of Amur tigers in Russia offered a flicker of optimism. […] In Russia, the Amur tiger was once found as far as Lake Baikal in central Siberia, some 2,000 miles inland from the Pacific Ocean, and in China and North Korea.

2009 November 23, Michael Schwirtz, “Data Show a Decline for Tigers in Russia”, in The New York Times:


jaglion

For instance, the jaguar's optic nerve contains two lion genes, which means a fertile jaglion once existed in the wild.

2022, Jeff Campbell, Glowing Bunnies!?, Lerner Publishing Group, →ISBN:

Maybe he should leave her there until she could hold no and fall to the ground into the jaws of one humongous jaglion.

2021, Tezi Beach, Battle of the Cherubs, Christian Faith Publishing, Incorporated, →ISBN:

Businesses he wants to invest in when Grandma Lorna dies and makes him rich: Jaglion hybrids, ostrich farming to produce eggs with low cholesterol, Nap World where business people can power nap, and rocketry to thrust garbage barges into outer space for quasars and solar flares to fry.

2007, Matthew Limpede, Carve Magazine 2007 Anthology, Lulu.com, →ISBN, page 73:

An animal born to a female lion and a male jaguar.


Manchurian leopard

Manchurian leopard (plural Manchurian leopards)


white tiger

A rare Bengal tiger with a white coat and black stripes.


white lion

A rare color mutation of the lion, specifically the Southern African lion, having white fur.


northern lion

The nominate subspecies of lion, Panthera leo leo, formerly distributed from Morrocco eastwards across Africa above the Sahara through the Middle East to the Indian subcontinent; now restricted to Gir National Park in Gujarat, India.


snow leopardess

snow leopardess (plural snow leopardesses)

snow leopardesses (plural)
snow-leopardess (alternative)

Those were minor variations. Beneath them, no one need tell him, was an extremely determined individual. On that distant morning he had thought she had much in common with a snow leopardess, one of his worst similes. He wondered if anyone had tried to tame her since Gerin died. She was not the sort of woman men left alone.

1970, Simon Harvester, Moscow Road, New York, N.Y.: Walker and Company, published 1971, →ISBN, page 86:

The three snow leopardesses were: Natasha, who was 8 years old at the start of the study and was nulliparous; Chuma, who was 8 years old and had had one litter of cubs; and Omaha 6 who was included in the final two years of the behavioural phase of this study.

1993, Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, volume 98, page 92, column 1:

Domi made a feral sound, half growl and half chuckle. She tensed like a snow leopardess preparing to leap on her prey.

1998 March, James Axler [pseudonym; Mark Ellis], Omega Path (Outlanders; 4), Don Mills, Ont.: Gold Eagle Books, Worldwide Library, page 190:


Arabian leopard

Arabian leopard (plural Arabian leopards)

Panthera pardus nimr, a subspecies of small leopard.


King of the Jungle

King of the Jungle (plural Kings of the Jungle)

Referring to the lion being a top predator in Africa, which was depicted in Western pop culture as a jungle.