tundra swan

Still, he describes [...] the yellow-breasted chats and tundra swans that would appear in his yard, looking for seed.

2020, Raven Leilani, Luster, Picador (2021), page 4:


bearded tit

A small passerine bird, Panurus biarmicus, of the family Timaliidae, or possibly the monotypic family Panuridae.


bar-tailed godwit

en-noun

bar-tailed godwit (plural bar-tailed godwits)

Limosa lapponica
Limosa lapponica#Translingual

A wader, of species Limosa lapponica, a type of godwit, of the Scolopacidae family


Bewick's swan

Named after the engraver Thomas Bewick, who specialised in illustrations of birds and animals.

Cygnus columbianus
Cygnus columbianus#Translingual

A small swan, Cygnus columbianus, of the family Anatidae.


tystie

As the term was originally used in the Scottish Isles, particularly the Shetlands, it probably derives from Norn tåisti, from Old Norse þeisti. Compare with Norwegian Nynorsk teist.


bean goose

They used to be known for grazing in bean-field stubbles in winter.

Anser fabalis
Anser fabalis#Translingual

Any of species Anser fabalis of grey geese, of family Anatidae.


black guillemot

black guillemot (plural black guillemots)

Cepphus grylle
Cepphus grylle#Translingual

A seabird, Cepphus grylle, of the auk family (Alcidae).


black tern

Chlidonias niger
Chlidonias niger#Translingual

A small seabird (Chlidonias niger), of the tern family (Sternidae)


black-tailed godwit

black-tailed godwit (plural black-tailed godwits)

Limosa limosa
Limosa limosa#Translingual

A wader, Limosa limosa, a type of godwit, of the Scolopacidae family


haked

From Middle English *haket, from Old English hacod, hæċed (“pike, mullet”), from Proto-West Germanic *hakud, *hakid (“pike”).

(Now chiefly dialectal) The pike (fish).


black-necked grebe

black-necked grebe (plural black-necked grebes)

Podiceps nigricollis
Podiceps nigricollis#Translingual

A freshwater bird, Podiceps nigricollis, of the grebe family (Podicipedidae)


miller's thumb

[I]n my exile and irkeſome diſcontented abandonment, the ſillieſt millers thombe, or contemptible ſtickle-banck of my enemies, is as buſie nibbling about my fame, as if I were a deade man throwne amongeſt them to feede vpon.

1599, [Thomas] Nashe, Nashes Lenten Stuffe, […], London: […] [Thomas Judson and Valentine Simmes] for N[icholas] L[ing] and C[uthbert] B[urby] […], →OCLC, page 1:

European bullhead
European bullhead#English

The European bullhead (“a species of fish, Cottus gobio”).


sooey

Sooey, sooey! Come here, piggy!

For quotations using this term, see Citations:sooey.


brent goose

The first word is perhaps from branded, meaning brindled.

Branta bernicla
Branta bernicla#Translingual

(British) A small member of the goose family (Anatidae), Branta bernicla.


sultana bird

Porphyrio porphyrio
Porphyrio porphyrio#Translingual


cabassou

(obsolete) The southern naked-tailed armadillo, a type of large armadillo native to South America, with five toes and enormous claws (Cabassous unicinctus).


kabeljou

Borrowed from Afrikaans kabeljou, from Dutch kabeljauw (“cod”).

(South Africa) A type of fish from southern Africa, Argyrosomus coronus.

not to be confused with the squaretail kob


water monitor

An Asian water monitor (Varanus salvator), a large lizard native to Southeast Asia.

tiníléítsoh naʼałkǫ́ʼígíí

large lizard native to Southeast Asia, Varanus slavator


kabaragoya

Borrowed from Sinhalese කබරගොයා (kabaragoyā).

bor+

The Chairman said that Kegalla raised the question of protecting the Kabaragoya from destruction and the Department of Agriculture took up the matter[…].

1923, The Tropical Agriculturalist, volume 60, page 287:

[…]I remember after-school cricket matches on Layard's Road and wickets knocked over by kabaragoyas;[…].

2007, Amitav Ghosh, Incendiary Circumstances: A Chronicle of the Turmoil of our Times, page 37:

Cobras had nothing to fear from men; their most deadly enemy was the kabaragoya, of which two called our campus home.

2009, H. Ronken Lynton, Veiled Destinies, page 52:

2012, Arcadius (Shelton A. Gunaratne), Village Life in the Forties: Memories of a Lankan Expatriate, page 150,
A kabaragoya, scenting food, tried to drive away the crows, slashing at them with its tail.

The water monitor, Varanus salvator, a large lizard of Southeast Asia.


purple swamphen

en-noun

purple swamphen (plural purple swamphens)

Porphyrio madagascariensis
Porphyrio madagascariensis#Translingual

Various species in the Porphyrio genus of the Rallidae family, including Porphyrio porphyrio, Porphyrio madagascariensis, Porphyrio poliocephalus, Porphyrio indicus, Porphyrio pulverulentus, and Porphyrio melanotus.


wahoo

Perhaps from Wahoo, an obsolete spelling of Oahu, where the fish is found.

Acanthocybium solandri, a tropical and subtropical game fish.


common snipe

common snipe (plural common snipes or common snipe)

common snipes (plural)
common snipe (plural)

Gallinago gallinago
Gallinago gallinago#Translingual

A bird of the species Gallinago gallinago.


yellowbelly slider

yellowbelly slider (plural yellowbelly sliders)

Trachemys scripta scripta, a kind of turtle


crested lark

Galerida cristata
Galerida cristata#Translingual

A small, non-migratory lark found throughout most of temperate Eurasia (Galerida cristata).


sighthound

Coordinate term: scent hound

A hound that primarily hunts by sight and speed, instead of by scent and endurance.


yellow dog

Carolina dogs were called yellow dogs because many had yellow coats. The fact that many mongrel dogs also had yellow coats lead to the term's application to any worthless item or person. For the etymology of the term Yellow Dog Democrat, see that entry.

What led Rick Perry to pronounce the Yellow Dogs dead?

2011, William Earl Maxwell, Ernest Crain, Adolfo Santos, Texas Politics Today: 2011-2012 Edition, page 125:

Yellow Dog Democrat
Yellow Dog Democrat#English

(US politics, uncommon) Short for Yellow Dog Democrat.

Yellow Dog

Carolina dog; Yellow Dog Democrat; especially the senses and


caracara

/ˈkæ.ɹəˌkɑ.ɹə/

From Spanish caracara or Portuguese carcará, from Tupian, probably imitative.

The caracara's flight is direct and rapid, not at all like that of the vulture, which sails and soars in spirals.

1911, Anna Botsford Comstock, Handbook of Nature Study, 24th edition, published 1939, page 106:

A few still live on the remote coasts of Tierra del Fuego, and though warrahs and gauchos vanished from the Falklands soon after Darwin's visit, striated caracaras still cling to life on the archipelago's outer islands, where they hunt and scavenge in colonies of penguins, seals, and albatrosses.

2021, Jonathan Meiburg, A Most Remarkable Creature: The Hidden Life of the World's Smartest Birds of Prey, Vintage, →ISBN, page 8:

Any of several South American and Central American birds of prey in the family Falconidae.


tarakihi

/ˈtɐɹɘˌkiːhiː/

A fish, Nemadactylus macropterus, between 30 and 60 centimeters long and found off the coast of Australia and South America.


gazehound

PIE word
 *ḱwṓ
From gaze (noun) + hound.

Coordinate term: scent hound

And foresters, in green-wood trim, / Lead in the leash the gaze-hounds grim, / Attentive, as the bratchet's bay / From the dark covert drove the prey, / To slip them as he broke away.

1808 February 22, Walter Scott, “Introduction to Canto Second: To the Rev. John Marriot, M.A.”, in Marmion; a Tale of Flodden Field, Edinburgh: […] J[ames] Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Company, […]; London: William Miller, and John Murray, →OCLC, page 61:

I entered the house with some wrath upon me at seeing the gazehounds in the yard; for it seems a cruel thing to me to harass the birds in the breeding-time.

1869, R[ichard] D[oddridge] Blackmore, chapter XXII, in Lorna Doone: A Romance of Exmoor. […], volume I, London: Sampson Low, Son, & Marston, […], →OCLC, page 250:

Synonym of sighthound (“a hound that primarily hunts by sight and speed, instead of by scent and endurance”).


cattle egret

Bubulcus ibis
Bubulcus ibis#Translingual

A small egret, Bubulcus ibis, of the heron family (Ardeidae)


skunk ape

(US, cryptozoology) A hominid creature said to inhabit the Southeastern United States.


snig

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *snigilaz or *snagilaz; related to snail.

w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909


sterlet

A smaller, common Eurasian sturgeon, of the species Acipenser ruthenus.


yellow-bellied sapsucker

yellow-bellied sapsucker (plural yellow-bellied sapsuckers)

A type of woodpecker. (Sphyrapicus varius)


patas

When a male patas observes a predator approaching its group, he performs a noisy display, shaking the branches and overtly calling attention to himself.

1999, Robert W. Sussman, The Biological Basis of Human Behavior, →ISBN, page 173:

Erythrocebus patas
Erythrocebus patas#Translingual

A ground-dwelling long-tailed monkey of species Erythrocebus patas, found in West and East Africa.


discus fish

discus fish (plural discus fish or discus fishes)

discus fish (plural)
discus fishes (plural)

Any of three cichlid fish species from the genus Symphysodon, popular as aquarium fishes.


butterflyfish

butterflyfish (plural butterflyfishes or butterflyfish)

butterflyfishes (plural)
butterflyfish (plural)

From butterfly + fish, from their bright colours.

Any of a group of conspicuous tropical marine fish of the family Chaetodontidae; the bannerfish and coralfish are also included in this group. Butterflyfish are fairly small, mostly from 12 to 22 cm (c.7-9 in) in length.


lace monitor

A monitor lizard of species Varanus varius, native to Australia.


bearcat

Arctictis binturong
Arctictis binturong#Translingual

Any member of diverse species of the order Carnivora:

A binturong (Arctictis binturong, in the family Viverridae).

Ailuropoda melanoleuca
Ailuropoda melanoleuca#Translingual

(obsolete) A giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca, in the family Ursidae).

Ailurus fulgens
Ailurus fulgens#Translingual

(obsolete) A red panda (Ailurus fulgens, in the family Ailuridae).


demoiselle crane

demoiselle crane (plural demoiselle cranes)

A crane, Grus virgo (syn. Anthropoides virgo), found in central Asia, 85-100 centimeters long with a loud trumpeting call.


Laotian rock rat

Laotian rock rat (plural Laotian rock rats)

A rodent species of the Khammouan region of Laos, Laonastes aenigmamus


morid

(zoology) Any member of the Moridae family of fish.


basslet

Any of several small, colourful fish, of the family Grammatidae, popular in aquaria


cahow

The cahow was known to colonists in Bermuda during the early part of the seventeenth century, and these people relied on it quite heavily for food.

2000, Errol Fuller, Extinct Birds, Oxford, page 60:

Pterodroma cahow
Pterodroma cahow#Translingual

An endangered nocturnal burrowing bird (Pterodroma cahow), from Bermuda.


four-eyed fish

four-eyed fish (plural four-eyed fishes)

A member of a genus Anableps of fish in the family Anablepidae having eyes raised above the top of the head and divided in two different parts, so that they can see below and above the water surface at the same time.


Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse

the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (canonical)

en-au-Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse.ogg

"This is a graph of the death rate from infectious disease in this country. The heroes of my field have slain one of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. While the heroes of your field gathered in the desert to create a new one."

2015 May 4, Randall Munroe, xkcd (webcomic), Degree-Off:

(biblical) Four beings in Revelation 6:1–8 that bring about the Apocalypse, each embodied as a horseman riding a different-colored horse that represents a different aspect of the Apocalypse.

אַרְבַּעַת פָּרָשֵׁי הָאָפּוֹקָלִיפְּסָה

náhodeesdzáago dįltʼéego łį́į́ʼ bił níjééʼ


cheekpiece

A piece of armour, or the bridle of a horse, that protects the cheek.


cracid

Indeed, if anything it^([the chachalaca]) is further from the Galliformes than the duck; but because of the slight uncertainties in the method Prager and Wilson argued for a three-way split between ducks, cracids, and non-cracid galliforms.

1982 May 20, Jeremy Charfas, “Proving the pattern of life”, in New Scientist, number 1306, page 485:

Cracraft (1973b, p. 507) asserted that Gallinuloides was closer to phasianids than cracids, but never presented evidence to substantiate his claim.

2012, Storrs L. Olson, “Chapter 2: The Fossil Record of Birds”, in Donald Farner, editor, Avian Biology, volume 3, page 115:

Two of the five Galliform families, the cracids (guans, curassows and chachalacas) and the New World quails, are confined to the Americas, with most species in Central and especially South America.

2013, Erik Hirschfeld, Andy Swash, Robert Still, The World's Rarest Birds, page 278:

(zoology) Any bird of the family Cracidae.


chachalaca

Late 19th century. From South American Spanish chachalaca, from Classical Nahuatl chachalacani (“tattler, gossiper”), from chāchalāni (“to make a hubbub, create an uproar”).

der

Any of several cracid birds, of the genus Ortalis, limited to the Americas, that resemble the guans.


yaffler

Picus viridis
Picus viridis#Translingual

(archaic) the European green woodpecker, Picus viridis


yaffingale

/ˈjæfɪŋɡeɪl/

From English dialect yaffle (and under the influence of nightingale), from the sound.


water opossum

A marsupial found in Central and South America, Chironectes minimus


Cetti's warbler

en-noun

Cetti's warbler (plural Cetti's warblers)

Named after the Italian zoologist Francesco Cetti

A small, Old World passerine bird, Cettia cetti, of the warbler family (Sylviidae).


croaker

A fish in the family Sciaenidae, known for the throbbing sounds it makes.


cirl bunting

Anglicized form of Latin name Emberiza cirlus, probably originally from Italian zirlare (“to whistle”).

A minute or two later, a female cirl bunting dropped down into the field in front of us, soon followed by a male.

2010 July 19, Stephen Moss, “Birdwatch”, in The Guardian:

Emberiza cirlus
Emberiza cirlus#Translingual

A small Old World passerine bird, Emberiza cirlus, of the bunting family (Emberizidae), very similar to the yellowhammer.


yarwhelp

Perhaps related to Old English hwilpa, Scots whaup and Dutch wulp (“curlew”).

(England, archaic) godwit, a type of bird.


kolinsky

From Russian колинский (kolinskij, literally “from the Kola peninsula”).

bor

Mustela sibirica
Mustela sibirica#Translingual


yapok

Probably from the Oyapok River in French Guyana.

Yapoks are carnivorous, eating small fish, crabs, crustaceans, insects, and frogs.

1989, John F. Eisenberg, Kent H. Redford, Mammals of the Neotropics, Volume 3: Ecuador, Bolivia, Brazil, University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 52:

The water opossum (Chironectes minimus).


fitch

Shortening of fitchew, or directly borrowed from its antecedent, Middle Dutch vitsche (“polecat”). More at fitchew.

The more beautiful of the two comes from a North American species, the black-footed pole-cat (No. 3), which is creamy yellow, sprinkled with black. Made-up skins of this species are sold as "natural fitch" to distinguish them from those of the common fitch, which are generally dyed. The finest skins of this pole-cat, now nearly extinct in Great Britain, are procured from the colder parts of Russia and Siberia.

1914, Herbert Greenhough Smith, The Strand Magazine, page 510:

Not only as it been quite difficult to eliminate the yellow tinge from the dyed fur, but practically every fur dyer has had to admit his inability to make the dyed fitch permanent in color or prevent it from very quickly turning or fading to a sickening shade of red […]

Putorius eversmanni michnoi Kastsch, Transbaikalian steppe fitch. No specimens were collected by the Expedition, but a single skull of an adult male was received from a Russian trapper who secured it during the past[…]

1936, Journal of Mammalogy, volumes 17-18, page 327:

Striped fitch has coarser hair and is not so valuable.

Mustela putorius
Mustela putorius#Translingual

black-footed polecat
black-footed polecat

A polecat, such as the European polecat (Mustela putorius), the striped polecat, steppe polecat, or black-footed polecat of America.


Siberian weasel

en-noun

Siberian weasel (plural Siberian weasels)

A rust-colored weasel, Mustela sibirica, used for its fur.


yelamber

From Middle English *yelwambre, from yelwe (“yellow”) + *ambre (“yellowhammer”), from Old English amore.


rubber boa

A snake of species Charina bottae, found in the western United States.


false killer whale

false killer whale (plural false killer whales)

From false + killer whale; so called for certain similarities to orcas (killer whales).

A dolphin of species Pseudorca crassidens, the sole species of genus Pseudorca and one of the larger dolphin species.


yellow perch

yellow perch (plural yellow perch or yellow perches)

yellow perch (plural)
yellow perches (plural)

Perca flavescens
Perca flavescens#Translingual

A species of perch found in North America, Perca flavescens, having a more yellowy colour than other species of perch.


yellow-breasted chat

yellow-breasted chat (plural yellow-breasted chats)

Still, he describes [...] the yellow-breasted chats and tundra swans that would appear in his yard, looking for seed.

2020, Raven Leilani, Luster, Picador (2021), page 4:

A large yellow-colored songbird found on the American continent, Icteria virens


yellow warbler

Any of certain small, yellow-colored songbird, including:

A yellow New World warbler (family Parulidae), genus Setophaga, such as Setophaga petechia.

loistokerttuli

small, yellow songbird of genus Setophaga


greater yellowlegs

greater yellowlegs (plural greater yellowlegs)

Tringa melanoleuca
Tringa melanoleuca#Translingual

A shorebird of North America characterized by its yellow legs, Tringa melanoleuca.


northern cavefish

northern cavefish (plural northern cavefish)


lesser yellowlegs

lesser yellowlegs (plural lesser yellowlegs)

Tringa flavipes
Tringa flavipes#Translingual

A shorebird of North America characterized by its yellow legs (Tringa flavipes).


yellow-shafted flicker

yellow-shafted flicker (plural yellow-shafted flickers)

Colaptes auratus
Colaptes auratus#Translingual

A yellow-plumaged woodpecker, native to North America, Colaptes auratus.


dziggetai

Borrowed from Mongolian чихтэй (čixtej, “eared”).

The Mongolian wild ass, Equus hemionus hemionus, a subspecies of the onager.


yellow-throated warbler

yellow-throated warbler (plural yellow-throated warblers)

A small New World warbler with a yellow throat, Setophaga dominica.


yellowthroat

Any of a mostly yellow-colored group of New World warblers in the genus Geothlypis


bottlenose dolphin

bottlenose dolphin (plural bottlenose dolphins)

One of the species of gray dolphin in the genus Tursiops, between 2 and 4 meters in length inhabiting warm and temperate seas worldwide.

Tursiops truncatus
Tursiops truncatus#Translingual

(historically) Tursiops truncatus, the common bottlenose dolphin, famous for its presence in aquarium shows.


dunkadoo

(US, chiefly New Jersey) The American bittern.


dryopithecine

(zoology) Of, or relating to, the primate genus †Dryopithecus, considered to be relatives of both humans and apes.


dryopithecine

(zoology) Any member of this genus of primates


American bittern

American bittern (plural American bitterns)

Botaurus lentiginosus
Botaurus lentiginosus#Translingual

A medium-sized bittern most commonly found in North America, Botaurus lentiginosus, known for its resounding calls.


duiker

→ Irish: dícear

Borrowed from Afrikaans duiker (literally “diver”), from Dutch duiker, from Middle Dutch dukere.

Next day she rose early, and went out with the gun and killed a duiker on the edge of the Big Tobacco Land (where her father had grown tobacco during his season's phase of believing in it).

1952, Doris Lessing, Martha Quest, Panther, published 1974, page 65:

Any of several species of small southern African antelopes of the Cephalophinae subfamily.


vervet

From French vervet (1821, F. Cuvier), further origin obscure.

A small African monkey, Cercopithecus aethiops or Chlorocebus pygerythrus, having a long tail, a black face with white cheek tufts and a greenish-brown coat


Java man

Java man (countable and uncountable, plural Java men)

From the fossils, which were found on the Indonesian island of Java.

Pithecanthropus erectus
Pithecanthropus erectus#Translingual

(taxonomy) A purported species of primate, a supposed ancient ancestor of human beings, named Pithecanthropus erectus, now considered Homo erectus.


sea otter

Enhydra lutris
Enhydra lutris#Translingual

A marine mammal native to the northern Pacific Ocean, of species Enhydra lutris.


javelina

From Spanish javalina, jabalina, feminine form of jabalí (“wild boar”), from Andalusian Arabic جَبَلِي (jabalī) (in خِنْزِير جَبَلِيّ (ḵinzīr jabaliyy, “mountain pig”)), from Arabic جَبَل (jabal, “mountain”). Cognate with Portuguese javalina, and similar in other Iberian languages.

The Javelina (Peccari) is an animal peculiar so far as I know to Spanish America.

1831, Benjamin Lundy, editor, The Genius of Universal Emancipation, page 117:

Some well-mounted heads of deer and one of an enormous black javeli projected from the walls.

1903 February, O. Henry [pseudonym; William Sydney Porter], “Hygeia at the Solito”, in Everybody’s Magazine, volume VIII, number 2, New York, N.Y.: John Wanamaker, →ISSN, page 174, column 2:

We […] were ready to send some prickly pears to the next world when the most unfortunate group of javelina on earth walked into view.

2013, Philipp Meyer, The Son, Simon & Schuster, published 2014, page 264:

(Canada, US) The peccary, especially the collared peccary.


corvid

en-adj

corvid (comparative more corvid, superlative most corvid)

more corvid (comparative)
most corvid (superlative)

Pertaining to or resembling the Corvidae.


corvid

A member of the bird family Corvidae, including crows, ravens, jays, choughs, treepies etc.


giant armadillo

en-noun

giant armadillo (plural giant armadillos)

The largest living species of armadillo, Priodontes maximus


stripey

(Australia) A marine fish found from Australia to Hawaii and Japan, Microcanthus strigosus, which is sometimes kept in aquaria.

Any fish in the kyphosid subfamily Microcanthinae.


thickhead

From thick + head. Compare West Frisian dikharsens (“blockhead”, literally “thick brain”).

cog

Any of several species of Australian songbirds of the genus Pachycephala.


sacred ibis

en-noun

sacred ibis (plural sacred ibis or sacred ibises)

sacred ibis (plural)
sacred ibises (plural)

Mr. Poynter will probably contribute to the forthcoming Exhibition of the Royal Academy his picture of a damsel attached to the worship of Isis feeding the sacred ibides before the great temple at Karnac.

1871 March 4, “Fine-Art Gossip”, in The Athenæum: Journal of Literature, Science, the Fine Arts, Music, and the Drama, number 2262, London: John Francis, page 280:

Threskiornis aethiopicus
Threskiornis aethiopicus#Translingual

Threskiornis aethiopicus, a species of wading bird of the ibis family, Threskiornithidae, which breeds in sub-Saharan Africa, southeastern Iraq and formerly in Egypt, where it was venerated and often mummified as a symbol of the god Thoth.


beautiful armadillo

beautiful armadillo (plural beautiful armadillos)

Dasypus bellus
Dasypus bellus#Translingual

An extinct prehistoric species of armadillo, †Dasypus bellus.


big hairy armadillo

big hairy armadillo (plural big hairy armadillos)

A species of armadillo found in South America, Chaetophractus villosus.


caique

From Spanish caíque or Portuguese caíque.

Any of four (previously two) species of parrot in the genus Pionites.


whale catfish

Any fish of the family Cetopsidae of catfishes.


whalefish

whalefish (plural whalefishes or whalefish)

From whale + fish. Compare West Frisian walfisk, Dutch walvis (“whale”), German Low German Waalfisch, German Walfisch (“whale”), Danish hvalfisk (“whale”), Icelandic hvalfiskur.

Any fish of the order Cetomimiformes of deepwater ray-finned fish.


lant

Any of several species of slender marine fishes of the genus Ammodytes, including the common European species (Ammodytes tobianus) and the American species (Ammodytes americanus).


saurischian

en-adj

saurischian (comparative more saurischian, superlative most saurischian)

more saurischian (comparative)
most saurischian (superlative)

Characteristic of the dinosaurs of the order Saurischia.


jackass morwong

en-noun

jackass morwong (plural jackass morwongs)


prickleback

Any of the fish in the family Stichaeidae.


guitarfish

guitarfish (plural guitarfish or guitarfishes)

guitarfish (plural)
guitarfishes (plural)

From guitar + fish, from its body shape.


pteropid

(zoology) Any bat of the former family Pteropidae; the fruit bats


rat kangaroo

Any of several small Australian marsupials of the families Potoroidae and Hypsiprymnodontidae.


pliosaur

Hunting many of the other marine reptiles are the pliosaurs, short-necked and large-headed versions of plesiosaurs who appear to have had a general diet of anything that moved.

2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherlands, Penguin, published 2023, page 138:

Any of several plesiosaurs of the family Pliosauridae, from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.


potoroo

Potoroos resemble bettongs, both in size and lifestyle, but the potoroos have a more tapered head and pointed snout, a less robust build and a shorter tail.

1998, Terence Lindsey, Mammals of Australia, New Holland, published 2004, page 41:

A black man with his back turned to me was putting three potaroos on the fire to cook.

2001, Richard Flanagan, Gould's Book of Fish, Vintage, published 2016, page 368:

Any species of the genus Potorous of the rat kangaroo family Potoroidae, endemic to Australia.


Cleese's woolly lemur

Cleese's woolly lemur (plural Cleese's woolly lemurs)

Named after John Cleese, English comedian, who has a fondness for lemurs.


mudfish

Channa striata
Channa striata#Translingual

Any of many fish that frequent muddy water or burrow in mud, of numerous species, including:


Sir David's long-beaked echidna

Sir David's long-beaked echidna (plural Sir David's long-beaked echidnas or Sir David's long-beaked echidnae)

Sir David's long-beaked echidnas (plural)
Sir David's long-beaked echidnae (plural)

Named after David Attenborough, British naturalist

Zaglossus attenboroughi, a species of long-beaked echidna.


plesiosaur

"Look!" cried Olson. "Would you look at the giraffe comin' up out o' the bottom of the say?" We looked in the direction he pointed and saw a long, glossy neck surmounted by a small head rising above the surface of the river. Presently the back of the creature was exposed, brown and glossy as the water dripped from it. It turned its eyes upon us, opened its lizard-like mouth, emitted a shrill hiss and came for us. The thing must have been sixteen or eighteen feet in length and closely resembled pictures I had seen of restored plesiosaurs of the lower Jurassic.

1918 September–November, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “The Land That Time Forgot”, in The Blue Book Magazine, Chicago, Ill.: Story-press Corp., →OCLC; republished as chapter IV, in Hugo Gernsback, editor, Amazing Stories, (please specify |part=I to III), New York, N.Y.: Experimenter Publishing, 1927, →OCLC:

It is the first time in Australia the head and body of an elasmosaur, a type of plesiosaur, has been found in one piece.

2022 December 6, Rachael Merritt, “Australia's first complete plesiosaur fossil discovered in outback Queensland”, in ABC News:

Any of several extinct marine reptiles, of the order †Plesiosauria, from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods.


australopithecine

/ˌɒstɹələ(ʊ)ˈpɪθɪsiːn/

Originally in reference to a now-obsolete subfamily Australopithecinae, formed in New Latin, from Latin austrālis (“southern”) + Ancient Greek πίθηκος (píthēkos, “ape”).

It is as if there were enshrined in these legends a racial memory of the Australopithicines who came close but never did make it to full humanity.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 28:

Australopithecines came in several varieties, some slender and gracile, like Raymond Dart's Taung child, others more sturdy and robust, but all were capable of walking upright.

2003, Bill Bryson, A Short History of Nearly Everything, BCA, published 2003, page 391:

Caspari and Lee carried out comparisons ranging from ancient hominins such as australopithecines through to Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons, assessing the ratios of young adults to old adults.

2011, Chris Stringer, The Origin of Our Species, Penguin, published 2012, page 151:

(anthropology, paleontology) Any of several extinct hominids, belonging to the genera Australopithecus, Paranthropus when seen as distinct, and sometimes other closely related genera.


anemonefish

anemonefish (plural anemonefishes or anemonefish)

anemonefishes (plural)
anemonefish (plural)

From anemone + fish, due to the species' symbiotic relationship with sea anemones.

Any of the clownfish, principally in the Amphiprion genus.


archerfish

archerfish (plural archerfishes or archerfish)

archerfishes (plural)
archerfish (plural)

Any of the species of fish in the family Toxotidae (usually with sole genus Toxotes), who prey on small animals near to the surface of a water by shooting them with water from their mouths.


marsupial lion

The first Australians, I reflected, will have known real monsters such as the Thylacaleo, or ‘marsupial lion’.

1987, Bruce Chatwin, The Songlines, Vintage, published 1998, page 225:

A carnivorous marsupial that lived in Australia during the Pleistocene, of the extinct genus Thylacoleo


southern elephant seal

southern elephant seal (plural southern elephant seals)

A large seal, found mainly around Antarctica of species Mirounga leonina, famous for being the largest ever carnivoran mammal.


megabat

Any of the bats in the suborder Megachiroptera consisting of one family, Pteropodidae; a fruit bat.

flying fox

flying fox; ambiguous, some sources limit the term to the genera Pteropus and Acerodon within Pteropodidae


killifish

killifish (plural killifishes or killifish)

From killie (“killifish”, perhaps from kill (“channel, creek”)) or kill, + fish.

Any of a number of tiny fish in the Cyprinodontiformes order of ray-finned fish.

Valenciidae

families in Cyprinodontiformes with species called killifish


mullid

(zoology) Any fish in the family Mullidae, the goatfish or red mullets.


maleo

Macrocephalon maleo
Macrocephalon maleo#Translingual

Macrocephalon maleo, a species of turkey-like bird in the megapode family, endemic to Sulawesi.


ornithopod

A type of bipedal, herbivorous, bird-hipped dinosaur from the Cretaceous period, found on all seven continents.


parasaurolophus

From the New Latin genus Parasaurolophus; see there for more.

Parasaurolophus, a herbivorous ornithopod dinosaur from the late Cretaceous period of what is now North America that walked both as a biped and a quadruped.

Field Museum of Natural History
parasaurolophus


gundi

The fact that specimens were collected and observed only in the higher portions of the gebel near Rumia is a direct result of my efforts having been concentrated there and does not indicate that gundis are most abundant at higher elevations or that they do not occur at lower elevations.

1968, Gary Laval Ranck, The Rodents of Libya: Taxonomy, Ecology and Zoogeographical Relationships, page 258:

1999, Gundi, entry in Michael A. Mares (editor), Encyclopedia of Deserts, page 258,
Gundis occur over most of North Africa, including the western Sahara Desert and Sahel west of 15° east longitude, from Mauritania to Libya and Chad.

2001, Gundis, entry in Peter Haggett (editor), Encyclopedia of World Geography, Volume 24, page 2220,
Small balls of soft fur scampering up vertical rock faces, trilling and chirping like flocks of birds: these are the gundis, a curious family of rock-dwelling rodents that are found only in northern Africa. Four species of gundi live in the Sahara, one in the Horn of Africa.

Any of the several rodents of the family Ctenodactylidae.


markhor

Borrowed from Urdu مارخور (mārxor), from Persian مارخور (mârxor, literally “snake-eater”), from مار (mâr, “snake”) + خور (xor) (present stem of خوردن (xordan, “to eat”)).

der

He was taught the legends of the Mess Plate, from the great grinning Golden Gods that had come out of the Summer Palace in Pekin to the silver-mounted markhor-horn snuff-mull presented by the last C.O. (he who spake to the seven subalterns).

[1889 January], Rudyard Kipling, “Only a Subaltern”, in Under the Deodars (A. H. Wheeler & Co.’s Indian Railway Library; no. 4), Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh: A[rthur] H[enry] Wheeler & Co.; London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington, […], →OCLC, page 84:

A large wild goat, Capra falconeri, especially Capra falconeri megaceros, syn. Capra megaceros, having huge flattened spiral horns, found in the western Himalayas.


moke

Unknown. In the sense of a variety performer, comes from "The Lively Moke" (or "Musical Moke"), an 1860s blackface song, dance and multi-instrumental routine popularized by Johnny Thompson, William J. "Billy" Ashcroft and others.

(dated, theatrical slang) A performer, such as a minstrel, who plays on several musical instruments.


avine

Characteristic of or pertaining to birds, or to bird-like or flying creatures.


bowhead

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bowhead.wav

Balaena mysticetus
Balaena mysticetus#Translingual

A large baleen whale, Balaena mysticetus, having a large, rounded head, that inhabits Arctic waters.


enantiornithine

ἐναντίος (enantíos, “opposite”) + ὄρνις (órnis, “bird”) + -ine.

The enantiornithines were rather diverse in form and size, so it is not clear if Junornis was typical or unusual but it does mean that this form of flight was one of a number being explored by early birds.

2017 October 25, Dave Hone, The Guardian:

The lineage that led to all living birds is known as the ornithuromorphs. But it was the other branch, called the enantiornithines, that dominated the skies for tens of millions of years.

2023 June 3, Carl Zimmer, “How Did Birds First Take Off?”, in The New York Times:

(paleontology) Any of an extinct group of protobirds of the Enantiornithes.


notothen

(biology) Any fish of the family Nototheniidae of cod icefishes.


icefish

en-verb

icefish (third-person singular simple present icefishes, present participle icefishing, simple past and past participle icefished)

icefishes (present singular third-person)
icefishing (participle present)
icefished (participle past)
icefished (past)


notoungulate

From Notoungulata (order name), from Ancient Greek νότος (nótos, “south”) + Ungulata.

At its extreme, there are creatures whose teeth grow continuously, even as their gums recede with a lifetime of grit and grass, a strategy only known in woolly rhinos and notoungulates among larger animals.

2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherworlds, Penguin, published 2023, page 72:

(paleontology) Any of several extinct, hoofed, herbivorous mammals of the order †Notoungulata, from Cenozoic South America.


Old English Sheepdog

en-noun

Old English Sheepdog (plural Old English Sheepdogs)

A herding dog of a particular breed (also used as a pet), with shaggy grey and white fur also covering its face, and a docked tail.


bottlenose whale

bottlenose whale (plural bottlenose whales)

Any whale of the two species in genus Hyperoodon, both with characteristic bottle-shaped noses.


ray-finned

(of fish) In the Actinopterygii taxonomic class of fish, all having in common lepidotrichia (a kind of fin made of webs of skin supported by bony or horny spines).


southern bottlenose whale

southern bottlenose whale (plural southern bottlenose whales)

Any of species Hyperoodon planifrons of bottlenose whales, found in the southern oceans.


bottlenose

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bottlenose.wav

From bottle + nose. The creatures have a bottle-shaped nose.


northern bottlenose whale

northern bottlenose whale (plural northern bottlenose whales)

A bottlenose whale of species Hyperoodon ampullatus, endemic to the North Atlantic.


whitethroat

From white + throat; so-called because the male of the species has a white throat.

Sylvia communis
Sylvia communis#Translingual

Sylvia communis, a species of typical warbler.


mesonychid

The ancestors of modern cetaceans were probably large land creatures called mesonychids [...] that lived in the Paleocene epoch.

1971 Dec, National Geographic, page 884:

(biology) An extinct carnivore of the order †Mesonychia.


damselfish

damselfish (plural damselfishes or damselfish)

damselfishes (plural)
damselfish (plural)


firebird

From fire + bird, so called because of their bright red or orange plumage.

A scarlet tanager, Piranga olivacea. (This species is now classified as belonging to the cardinal family: Cardinalidae)

vermilion flycatcher
vermilion flycatcher

A vermilion flycatcher, Pyrocephalus rubinus.


mammaliaform

(biology) Any mammal or related animal of the clade Mammaliaformes


longclaw

Any of several passerine birds of the genus Macronyx, that have long hind claws


jacana

/ˌd͡ʒɑsəˈnɑ/

/d͡ʒəˈkɑːnə/

/ˌd͡ʒæsəˈnɑː/

Borrowed from Brazilian Portuguese jaçanã, from a term jasaná in an undetermined Tupian language, perhaps Guaraní jasana.

bor+

Any of a group of wading birds in the family Jacanidae, usually having long toes and claws, and found throughout the world.


kutum

A freshwater fish (Rutilus kutum) native to the Caspian Sea.


beaked whale

When the beaked whales surfaced near the Sea Shepherd boat, the scientists scrambled to make observations, take photographs, and deploy acoustic-recording buoys: Beaked whales are notoriously skittish.

2021 March 30, J. B. MacKinnon, “An Entire Group of Whales Has Somehow Escaped Human Attention”, in The Atlantic:

Any of at least 20 species of whales in the family Ziphiidae, known to dive to great depths, but not well understood generally.

Layard's beaked whale(Mesoplodon layardii)


lacertid

From the name of the first discovered example, BL Lacertae.

In the same diagram a compact galaxy, 3C 371, and a Seyfert, 3C 120, lie very close to the Lacertids.

1975 July 10, “Quasars and Lacertids show a family likeness”, in New Scientist, page 61:

These reliably variable objects included three ROCOSs (OE 400, OI 090.4, and PI034-293) and two lacertids (AO 0235+164 and OJ 287).

1990, Bulletin of the Special Astrophysical Observatory-North Caucasus, volumes 24-26, page 67:

We have identified six radio sources in the Zelenchuk (RATAN-600) catalog with two quasars, two lacertids, and two pairs of galaxies.

1993, Astronomy Reports, volume 37, American Institute of Physics, page 466:

active galactic nucleus
active galactic nucleus

(astronomy) A type of blazar (highly variable active galactic nucleus) that lacks spectral emission lines characteristic of quasars.


cinereous vulture

en-noun

cinereous vulture (plural cinereous vultures)

Eurasian black vulture
Eurasian black vulture

Aegypius monachus
Aegypius monachus#Translingual

A Eurasian black vulture, Aegypius monachus.


sarcopterygian

Many sarcopterygians have a lung as a respiratory organ.

2012, Winand Brinkmann, Kenneth De Baets, editors, Paleontological Museum of the University of Zürich: Exhibition Guide, Paleontological Institute and Museum of the University of Zürich, →ISBN, page 63:

(biology) Any lobe-finned fish of the class Sarcopterygii, including the lungfish and coelacanths.


maniraptoran

Unlike lizards and many other dinosaur groups, maniraptorans (including birds) do not shed their skin in large sections, as this would interfere with the feathers.

2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherlands, Penguin, published 2023, page 125:

(biology) Any of a group of advanced theropods, of the clade Maniraptora, thought to be ancestors of both dinosaurs and birds.


American black vulture

American black vulture (plural American black vultures)

Coragyps atratus
Coragyps atratus#Translingual


cleaner fish

cleaner fish (plural cleaner fishes or cleaner fish)

cleaner fishes (plural)
cleaner fish (plural)

(zoology) Any of many unrelated fishes that provide a service to other fish species by removing dead skin and parasites.


grey crow

Corvus cornix
Corvus cornix#Translingual


common raven

A dark-colored South Asian swallowtail butterfly, Papilio castor


elapid

(zoology) Any of many species of snakes of the family Elapidae, including the cobras, mambas, and coral snakes


hooded crow

A grey and black Eurasian crow, Corvus cornix.


frigatebird

/ˈfɹɪ.ɡətˌbɝd/

Unlike most seabirds, frigatebirds are not able to alight on the water.

1987, J. P. Croxall, Seabirds: Feeding Ecology and Role in Marine Ecosystems, page 58:

The oceanic frigatebirds are represented in Australia by three species: the Great and Lesser Frigatebirds and endemic Christmas Island Frigatebird (pictured).

2011, Penny Olsen, Leo Joseph, Stray Feathers: Reflections on the Structure, Behaviour and Evolution of Birds, page 176:

Often called man o' war birds, they are notorious as piratical cleptomaniacs that steal food from other birds at every opportunity. This reputation is justified, but frigatebirds are also capable of an 'honest' living.
It would seem that a frigatebird can discriminate between a bird with a full gullet and one which is empty. An unlucky booby or tropicbird may be plucked out of the air, dangled by the tail-tip and shaken until it regurgitates its food, which the frigatebird then makes off with.

2011, David Horwell, Pete Oxford, Galápagos Wildlife, 3rd edition, page 64:

Any of five species of bird in the genus Fregata, the only genus in the family Fregatidae.

man o' war bird

bird of family Fregatidae; magnificent frigatebird


cucumber fish

cucumber fish (plural cucumber fishes or cucumber fish)

cucumber fishes (plural)
cucumber fish (plural)

Any fish of the Australian family Paraulopidae, especially Paraulopus nigripinnis.


Sabine's gull

A small gull, Xema sabini, breeding in the Arctic and migrating south in autumn.


mooneye

From moon + eye, from the silvery luster of the eyes.

A primitive ray-finned fish of the family Hiodontidae.


beast of prey

A carnivorous animal that hunts for its food, especially one that preys on vertebrates.


honeycreeper

Any of various nectar-feeding birds of the tanager family, belonging to the genera Cyanerpes, Chlorophanes, and Iridophanes.

Any of the Hawaiian honeycreepers, passerine songbirds of Hawaii.


whalesong

whalesong (usually uncountable, plural whalesongs)

The sounds through which whales communicate.


courlan

From French courlan, courliri (compare courlis, corlieu), ultimately from Kari'na karau. Compare carrao, from Guaraní.


carrao

From American Spanish carrao, from Guaraní [Term?] car(r)aú, carao, caraó, originally probably imitative. Compare courlan, from a Cariban language.


limpkin

Perhaps from limp, from its jerky manner of walking, + -kin.

Aramus guarauna
Aramus guarauna#Translingual

A large bird, Aramus guarauna, found in marshes in the Caribbean, Central America and southern Florida.


boid

Any member of the family Boidae of non-venomous snakes.


Bohemian waxwing

Bohemian waxwing (plural Bohemian waxwings)

Bombycilla garrulus
Bombycilla garrulus#Translingual

Any of species Bombycilla garrulus, a waxwing of northern latitudes.


springhare

A large, tunneling rodent (Pedetes capensis) indigenous to southeast Africa, approximately 40 cm. (16 in.) long and notable for its leaping ability and physical resemblance to a miniature kangaroo.


jill

From the female name Jill.
* (to masturbate): By analogy with jack (off). See Jack (“male name”).
* (gill): Paired with jack (from the male name Jack) as terms for alcohol measurements.
* (pelvic protector): By analogy with jock, Jock being a male name.

These complicated pieces of padding usually one-piece these days) should cover the entire chest and belly (down to the top of the jock or jill), the upper back, the collarbone, the upper arms and part of the forearms.

2000, Gary Abraham, Michael Smith, Kids’ Hockey: The Parents’ Guide, Firefly Books, →ISBN, page 91:

GOALIE JOCK OR JILL CUP AND STRAP PRICE RANGE: $10.00 - $25.00 This is a specialized piece of equipment with extra padding to protect the groin area.

2004, John Shorey, Hockey Made Easy: Canada’s Best Instructional Manual, 6th edition, →ISBN, page 141:

There’s nothing easy about being a hockey mom (or being related to me, for that matter).[…]But also know this: along this journey, you’ll learn so many valuable life – and parenting – lessons.[…]You’ll never have to be reminded again about taking the cup out of the jock or Jill before laundering it,[…].

2015, Astra Groskaufmanis, “Prologue”, in Offside by a Mile: Confessions of a Hockey Mom, FriesenPress, →ISBN:

Jock or Jill? More girls are playing hockey now than ever before. Sadly, big business hasn’t kept up. Some companies are just beginning to make hockey pants, pelvic protectors, and skates for girls.

2015, Sue Irwin, “A Dangerous Game”, in Safety Stars: Players who fought to make the hard-hitting game of professional hockey safer, Toronto, Ont.: James Lorimer & Company Ltd., →ISBN, page 14:

A pelvic protector, a woman’s equivalent of a man’s jock.


bergylt

Sebastes norvegicus
Sebastes norvegicus#Translingual

A rose fish (Sebastes norvegicus), an edible red fish of the North Atlantic.


trumpetfish

trumpetfish (plural trumpetfish or trumpetfishes)

trumpetfish (plural)
trumpetfishes (plural)

Any of the fish in the family Aulostomidae family of tube-shaped fish.

A longspine snipefish, Macroramphosus scolopax.


western capercaillie

western capercaillie (plural western capercaillies)

Tetrao urogallus
Tetrao urogallus#Translingual


troupial

French troupiale, from troupe (“troop”), so named because they live in flocks.

Any of three South American birds of the genus Icterus.


abelisaur

Juvenile T. rexes were light and agile before they leveled up into the adults we’re more familiar with. […] Other megatheropods, including abelisaurs and tarbosaurs, also grew from turkey-like hatchlings to bus-sized behemoths over the course of their lives.

2021 February 25, Cara Giaimo, “The Outsized Influence of Teen T. Rex and Other Young Dinosaurs”, in The New York Times:

(zoology) Any dinosaur of the superfamily Abelisauroidea.


butterfish

butterfish (plural butterfish or butterfishes)

butterfish (plural)
butterfishes (plural)

Any of various species of fish having a slippery mucous coating, especially

Perciform fish of the family Stromateidae, including the genera Pampus, Peprilus and Stromateus.

A rock gunnel, Pholis gunnellus, an eel-like fish found in the intertidal and subtidal zones of the North Atlantic.

The New Zealand fish Odax pullus, also known as greenbone.

(obsolete) The Murray perch, Oligorus mitchelli; an Australian perciform fish of Murray river, now known as trout cod, Maccullochella macquariensis http://www.fishbase.org/Nomenclature/SynonymsList.php?ID=6308&SynCode=26048&GenusName=Maccullochella&SpeciesName=macquariensis, http://www.fishbase.org/summary/Maccullochella-macquariensis.html.


bit lifter

piece of horse tack that lifts (raises) a bit in the horse's mouth


hystricomorph

From Latin hystrīx (“porcupine”) -o- + -morph.

Any rodent in the Hystricomorpha, a suborder of the order Rodentia


humpback salmon

humpback salmon (plural humpback salmons or humpback salmon)

humpback salmons (plural)
humpback salmon (plural)

The six species of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus) are Chinook (king), Coho (silver), Sockeye (red), Chum (dog), Pink (humpback or humpy), and Cherry.

2012, C. Pierce, Education in the Age of Biocapitalism, →ISBN:

Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha#Translingual

a small salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha), which ascends Pacific coast rivers of Asia and of America from California to Alaska.


barse

From Middle English bars, from Old English bærs (“a fish, perch”), from Proto-West Germanic *bars, from Proto-Germanic *barsaz (“perch”, literally “prickly”). Cognate with Dutch baars (“perch, bass”), German Barsch (“perch”). More at bass (“fish”).

inh

The perch; any of various marine and freshwater fish resembling the perch.


barn swallow

Hirundo rustica
Hirundo rustica#Translingual

Hirundo rustica, the most widespread species of swallow in the world; a distinctive passerine bird with blue upperparts, a long, deeply forked tail and curved, pointed wings, is found in Europe, Asia, Africa and the Americas.

ял чӗкеҫӗ

jal č̬ĕk̬eś̬ĕ


hogfish

Lachnolaimus maximus, an edible species of wrasse, found in the Caribbean.

Percina caprodes, an American freshwater fish, the log perch, rockfish, a kind of darter.

The fishermen crowding in the cafés were also waiting for the end of the storm, when the fish, reassured, would rise to the surface after the bait. Soles, hog fish and skate were returning from their nocturnal expeditions. Day was now breaking.

1952, Nikos Kazantzakis, chapter 1, in Carl Wildman, transl., Zorba the Greek, New York, N.Y.: Simon & Schuster, translation of Βίος και πολιτεία του Αλέξη Ζορμπά [Víos kai politeía tou Aléxi Zormpá], →ISBN, page 3:

A large, red, spiny-headed, European marine fish (Scorpaena scrofa).

A pinfish, Lagodon rhomboides, ranging from Massachusetts to Texas.


hirola

A type of antelope found in an area between Kenya and Somalia, Beatragus hunteri or sometimes Damaliscus hunteri.


pygmy hippopotamus

en-noun

pygmy hippopotamus (plural pygmy hippopotamuses or pygmy hippopotami or pygmy hippopotamus)

pygmy hippopotamuses (plural)
pygmy hippopotami (plural)
pygmy hippopotamus (plural)

Choeropsis liberiensis
Choeropsis liberiensis#Translingual

A large four-toed, four-legged mammal native to western Africa of species Choeropsis liberiensis (syn. Hexaprotodon liberiensis), similar to but half the height of the common hippopotamus.


Hollander

From Middle English holander, Hollander; equivalent to Holland + -er; compare the German Holländer.

The first operation (in making paper) is performed by two machines, called the half-hollander and the whole-hollander

1889, Johannes Rudolf Wagner, William Crookes, Handbook of Chemical Technology:

Hollander beater
Hollander beater#English


screech-owl

It is said that whenever a member of the house of the Arundels of Wardour lies on his death-bed, a pair of large screech-owls fly round the battlements each night till his decease.

1888 July 14, “Bird Legends”, in Charles Dickens [Jr.], editor, All the Year Round. A Weekly Journal., volume XLIII, number 1024, London: […], page 40, column 2:


little gull

A small migratory gull, Larus minutus, from Northern Europe and Asia.


falconet

Any of various small, tropical Asian falcons of the genus Microhierax found in Southeast Asia.

sokolík

any of various small, tropical Asian falcons of the genus Microhierax found in Southeast Asia


eared seal

A seal belonging in the Otariidae family; a fur seal or a sea lion, differing from the true seals in having small, visible ears and the ability to walk on land.


onza

From Spanish onza (“ounce, Spanish ounce”), from Latin ū̆ncia. Doublet of a, one, inch, uncia, onça, oka, ouguiya, and awqiyyah.

doublet

(historical) A traditional Spanish unit of mass, equivalent to about 28.76 g.


mosquitofish

en-noun

mosquitofish (plural mosquitofishes or mosquitofish)

mosquitofishes (plural)
mosquitofish (plural)

Any of several small fish that feed on mosquitoes, but especially those of the genus Gambusia.


wood turtle

A turtle of the species Glyptemys insculpta, a rather large turtle usually found in wooded areas near water.


shelter dog

(US) A dog temporarily resident in or obtained from an animal shelter.


rescue dog

(chiefly British) A homeless, lost or abandoned dog which has been, or will be, re-homed by an animal rescue centre or charity; a rescued dog


cadaver dog

Of course, once trained, a cadaver dog doesn't disturb the remains at the site.

2004, Angela Eaton Snovak, Guide to Search and Rescue Dogs, page 160:

While Ferry said he could not disclose his buyers due to privacy reasons, he said the company sells to several universities for classrooms or museums and law enforcement agencies that use individual bones to train cadaver dogs.

2021 October 10, Caroline Anders, “A TikTok bone salesman’s wall of spines reignites ethical debate over selling human remains”, in The Washington Post:

A dog trained to use its sense of smell to locate remains, usually human ones.


hadrosaur

Back-formation from Hadrosauridae, from the type genus Hadrosaurus, which in turn was derived from Ancient Greek ἁδρός (hadrós, “strong”) + σαῦρος (saûros, “lizard”).

Bipedal hadrosaurs, great hulking lambeosaurs, certain rhino-like ceratopsians and relatives of the velociraptors - all large and probably able swimmers - had the greatest success.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 31:

(paleontology) Any ornithopod dinosaur of the family Hadrosauridae.


dromaeosaur

In communities with megatheropods, Ms. Schroeder and colleagues found what they call a “carnivore gap”: a large swath of medium-size niches that were empty. For instance, the Hell Creek Formation, a well-studied fossil area that stretches from modern day Utah to Alberta, was once home to 630-pound grown-up dromaeosaurs, 7-ton adult T. rexes — and no mature meat-eaters in between.

Any bird-like theropod dinosaur of the family Dromaeosauridae.


boohoo

(colloquial) used to represent the noise of someone crying.


spawner

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-spawner.wav

(fishing) A female fish, often specifically a salmon, which is physiologically ready to spawn


black rhinoceros

black rhinoceros (plural black rhinoceros or black rhinoceroses)

black rhinoceros (plural)
black rhinoceroses (plural)

Diceros bicornis
Diceros bicornis#Translingual

A rhinoceros, of species Diceros bicornis, in the family Rhinocerotidae.


lambeosaurid

From Lambeosauridae, in turn from the type genus Lambeosaurus, after Lawrence Lambe.

(paleontology, archaic) A member of the putative family of crested hadrosaurs, the Lambeosauridae.


lambeosaur

From translingual Lambeosaurus, from Lambe + -saurus, named for Lawrence Lambe.

(paleontology) A crested duck-billed dinosaur of the family Hadrosauridae.


ranny

From Latin mūsarāneus (“shrew, fieldmouse”).

instead of a caligation or dimness, we conclude a cecity or blindness. Which hath been frequently inferred concerning other Animals, so some affirm the Water-Rat is blind, so Sammonicus and Nicander do call the Mus-Araneus, the shrew or Ranny, blind […]

1646, Sir Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, section XVIII:

(obsolete outside dialects, East Anglia) A shrew (the animal).


guinea keet

Say, Annie, do you know a chicken when you see it walking round? Or a turkey? Or a guinea keet? We got em all, Aunt Dolcey, she takes car of ’em

c. 1919-1924 (published 1926), Blanche Colton Wialliams, Best American Stories, 1919-1924, Doubleday, Page 203

...but after they've calved a time or two they swell up like a cow in a truck patch an’ you need a wagon to move ’em. They do nothin’ but eat and holler like a guinea keet....

1963, Cecil Robinson, With the Ears of Strangers: The Mexican in American Literature, University of Arizona Press, Page 77

George (the male Guinea keet) was half through a hole in the fence losing many feathers to Red, who was trying to help him back into the pen.

2001, Richard S. Raffauf, Journal of a Country Gentleman, Trafford Publishing, page 26


cacomistle

Borrowed from Spanish cacomixtle, itself borrowed from Classical Nahuatl tlahcomiztli.


rockfish

rockfish (countable and uncountable, plural rockfish or rockfishes)

Any of a large number of different species of fish, which dwell among rocks, specifically:

A fish in the family Sebastidae, marine fishes that inhabit oceans around the world

A striped bass (Morone saxatilis), a species of fish from North America


desman

From French desman, German Desman, from Swedish desmanråtta (“muskrat”), from desman (“musk”, older also desma, desme), from Middle Low German dēsem, from Old Saxon desamo, alteration of *besamo (cf. Old High German bisamo), from Late Latin bisamum (“musk”), from Hebrew בושם (bāśām, bōśem). Doublet of balm and balsam.

Unlike the Russian desman, the Pyrenean species lives along fast-flowing mountain streams.

1995, R. David Stone, editor, Eurasian Insectivores and Tree Shrews: Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan, page 50:

Restricted to the Old World, desmans have a diet consisting of aquatic invertebrates and fish.

2007, George A. Feldhamer, Lee C. Drickamer, Stephen H. Vessey, Joseph F. Merritt, Carey Krajewski, Mammalogy: Adaptation, Diversity, Ecology, 3rd edition, page 250:

With the aid of its Eimer's organs, the desman was able to detect engraved lines only one-fifteenth of a millimeter (0.067 mm, or 0.002 inches) in depth and width. There are two extant species of desmans: the Pyrenean desman (Galemys pyrenaicus), weighing about 65 g (2.3 oz) (fig 2.10), and the larger Russian desman (Desmana moschata), weighing 500 g (17.6 oz).

2010, Joseph F. Merritt, The Biology of Small Mammals, page 38:

Either of two species, Desmana moschata or Galemys pyrenaicus, of aquatic or semi-aquatic insectivore of the mole family, Talpidae, found in Europe.


powan

Coregonus clupeoides, a species of freshwater whitefish endemic to Loch Lomond in Scotland.


kinglet

Any of several birds of the family Regulidae.


mousebird

Any of a group of possibly passerine arboreal birds of order Coliiformes, confined to sub-Saharan Africa, which build cup-shaped nests of twigs.


elpistostegid

The recently discovered elpistostegid Tiktaalik probably already had a pair of fins, which could function like vertebrate limbs in shallow waters.

2012, Winand Brinkmann, Kenneth De Baets, editors, Paleontological Museum of the University of Zürich: Exhibition Guide, Paleontological Institute and Museum of the University of Zürich, →ISBN, page 64:

(paleontology) Any lobe-finned fish of the extinct family †Elpistostegidae, from the late Devonian period.


linsang

Any of the members of two catlike Asian animal species classified in the mammalian family Prionodontidae.

Any of the members of two superficially catlike African animal species classified in the mammalian family Viverridae.


pipefish

pipefish (plural pipefishes or pipefish)

A small fish of subfamily Syngnathinae in the seahorse family, having a long thin body covered with partially ossified plates, the head long, and the jaws elongated so as to form a tubular snout.


willow tit

A passerine bird of the tit family (Poecile montanus).


marsh tit

A passerine bird of the tit family (Poecile palustris).


cantil

Any of various snakes of the species Agkistrodon bilineatus.


calving jack

A device used to assist the birth of a calf when it needs to be helped out of the womb by applying traction.


come to hand

en-verb

come to hand (third-person singular simple present comes to hand, present participle coming to hand, simple past came to hand, past participle come to hand)

comes to hand (present singular third-person)
coming to hand (participle present)
came to hand (past)
come to hand (participle past)

The horse came to hand, and won first prize.

(US, horse racing) To perform well, to come under control.


sniffer dog

Network Rail has introduced sniffer dogs to try to reduce the theft of signalling cables in the North West.

2022 March 9, “Network News: Sniffer dogs hired in fight to combat metal thefts in North West”, in RAIL, number 952, page 18:

A police dog trained to sniff out illegal goods such as drugs or explosives.

探知犬 (たんちけん, tanchiken, literally “detection dog”)


outride

(equestrianism) A trip on a horse outside an enclosed area, a trip on a horse in the open.


gnatcatcher

A member of any of various species of small passerine birds in the family Polioptilidae found in North America and South America, close relatives of the wrens.


dark sleeper

In these species the eggs are defended most strongly, and feeding territories have also been reported for some of them (the dark sleeper and the common freshwater goby).

1980, Jiro Kikkawa, Comparative Ecology, translation of original by Yoshiaki Ito, →ISBN, page 218:

Odontobutis obscura, a freshwater goby found in East Asia


allosauroid

From the clade name Allosauroidea, first proposed by Currie & Zhao in 1993.

(paleontology) Any member of a superfamily clade of dinosaurs including the sinoraptorids, carcharodontosaurids and allosaurids.


dicky-bird

The Swan and the Dickey-bird: A Fable.

Simple Simon went a hunting, He thought he could not fail, For to catch a Dickie Bird, For he’d got a little salt to put upon his tail.

We've not heard a dicky-bird about anything relating to his birthday.

(British, informal, from Cockney rhyming slang, used especially in negative constructions) A word; a brief chat.

I peeked into the cellar but there was nothing there. Not a dicky-bird.


shama

Copsychus malabaricus (white-rumped shama), a saxicoline songbird of India, glossy black with a white rump and brown underparts, and six other species in genus Copsychus.


carancho

southern crested caracara
southern crested caracara


noctule

→? Catalan: nòctul

→ Spanish: nóctulo

Borrowed from French noctule, a latinised scientific borrowing of the Italian nottola (refers to various birds or bats), inherited from Late Latin noctula, diminutive of Classical Latin noctua (“night-owl”), ultimately from Latin nox (“night”), from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts. Per the OED, first attested in English in 1771.

der

A bat, of the genus Nyctalus, that lives in tree hollows.


needlefish

en-noun

needlefish (plural needlefish or needlefishes)

needlefish (plural)
needlefishes (plural)

Slender fish, in the family Belonidae, usually found in shallow marine habitats.


wheelhorse

From wheel + horse. Sense 2 (“person who labors heavily for a cause”) is from the fact that a horse nearest to the wheels of a carriage that it is drawing does much of the pulling work.

The off wheel-horſe a grey, named Single Peeper, ſold for 50 [guineas] […] The near wheel-horſe cheſnut, named Chance.

1750 October, “A Description, with the Form, of the Four Wheel Carriage, which was Drawn at Newmarket, 19 Miles in 54 Minutes. […] Invented by Mr J. Wright in Long Acre.”, in Sylvanus Urban [pseudonym; Edward Cave], editor, The Gentleman’s Magazine, and Historical Chronicle, volume XX, London: Printed by Edw[ard] Cave, at St John's Gate, published January 1755, →OCLC, page 440:

The driver […] neither knew any thing, said any thing, or did any thing but watch a dozen equine ears, and keep six reins taut in his hands, and coax the off wheel[-]horse with the belly of his whip-lash every two minutes, invariably accompanying the stroke with a tremendous solitary cluck.

1869 September, E. P. Willard, “A Night and a Day on the Sierra Nevada”, in The Western Monthly, volume II, number 9, Chicago, Ill.: Reed, Browne & Co., publishers, No. 18 Tribune Building, →OCLC, page 179, column 2:

“Ay! he med well say that,” repeated the wagoner, still digesting the pleasure of Ben Lee’s compliment, and slapping the wheel[-]horse’s vast flank, so that the fairy chime began again, and the smack resounded like an accompaniment to its music.

1886, Maxwell Gray [pseudonym; Mary Gleed Tuttiett], chapter I, in The Silence of Dean Maitland: A Novel, London: Kegan Paul & Co., →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton and Company, 1888, →OCLC, part I, page 12:

In contrast to the methods used in New England all the lumber from the high Sierras is taken out in the summer instead of the winter. Teams of about seven pairs of horses, or mules, or traction engines, are used. Teams draw two or three wagons, and are managed by one driver who rides on a wheelhorse and guides with one rein, whip and voice.

1914 April, W[illard] W[ebster] Eggleston, “A Trip to Stanislaus Forest, California. (Abstract.)”, in Bulletin, number 9, Burlington, Vt.: Published annually by the [Vermont Botanical] Club; Free Press Printing Company, →OCLC, page 23:

The cannoneer posted nearest the left wheel of the limber engages the end of the pole of his carriage in the pole ring of the neck yoke and then hitches the near wheel horse; the cannoneer posted nearest the right wheel of the limber hitches the off wheel horse.

1916, War Department, Office of the Chief of Staff, “The Driver”, in Provisional Drill and Service Regulations for Field Artillery (Horse and Light) 1916 (War Department Document; no. 538), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, part III (Mounted Instruction), section IV (Mounted Instruction), paragraph 437, page 181:

(US, dated) One of a team of horses which is nearest to the wheels of a carriage, as opposed to a leader or forward horse.

процепен кон

one of a team of horses which is nearest to the wheels of a carriage

wheeler

[F]rom his [Benjamin Ruggles'] well-known habits of industry and constant devotion to the interests of his constituents, he was called "The Wheelhorse of the Senate."

1866, Charles Lanman, “Ruggles, Benjamin”, in Dictionary of the United States Congress, Compiled as a Manual of Reference for the Legislator and Statesman, 3rd rev. edition, [Washington, D.C.]: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 326, column 1:

A medical journal, it seems to the writer, should be a medium for the propagation of useful knowledge, the instruction of the profession in the best and most scientific methods of fighting disease; and who is so well qualified for the work as the old wheelhorses, the men who have grown gray in the fight?

1905 December, E. E. Lusk, “Homeopathy ‘is Not Built that Way’”, in H. C. Allen, editor, The Medical Advance and Journal of Homeopathics: A Monthly Journal of Hahnemannian Homeopathy, volume XLIII, number 12, Batavia, Ill.: James E. Forrest, →OCLC, page 768:

I can't understand why an old wheel-horse like Elsworth should kick over the traces that way.

1910 November, Jack London, Theft: A Play in Four Acts, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., →OCLC, Act I, page 3:

He was a wheelhorse, a tower of strength, to the Park Service and to the forces that were trying to establish new parks, seashores, canoe wildernesses, and other reservations during the Kennedy and Johnson years.

1997, David Backes, A Wilderness Within: The Life of Sigurd F. Olson, Minneapolis, Minn.: University of Minnesota Press, →ISBN, page 369:

(US, figuratively) A person who labors heavily for a particular cause, without being concerned about recognition.

In 1830 a bold and vigorous attempt was made to utilize the wheel-horse. A French post-office official, M. Dreuze by name, brought forward an improvement on the old two-wheel velocipede, which bid fair to be successful. […] A number of the country letter-carriers were mounted on the wheel-horse, and whilst the roads continued dry and hard M. Dreuze could congratulate himself on the success of his invention; but with wet weather came bad roads, and to the wet succeeded frost and snow. A little extra labour was all that was required to overcome the extra friction of the bad roads, but the wheels refused to progress on the slippy frozen surface.

1869, Velox [pseudonym], “The Velocipede of the Past”, in Velocipedes, Bicycles, and Tricycles: How to Make and How to Use Them. With a Sketch of their History, Invention, and Progress, London: George Routledge and Sons, The Broadway, Ludgate; New York, 416, Broome Street, →OCLC, pages 39–40:

As in most other accomplishments, practice alone can make a skilful rider of velocipedes. The tyro can, however, profit by the experience of others, and I give a few rules for his guidance, as well as directions for his practice. The first point is to gain confidence in, and familiarity with, his wheel horse.

1869, Velox [pseudonym], “The Art of Velocipede Management”, in Velocipedes, Bicycles, and Tricycles: How to Make and How to Use Them. With a Sketch of their History, Invention, and Progress, London: George Routledge and Sons, The Broadway, Ludgate; New York, 416, Broome Street, →OCLC, page 77; reprinted in “Velocipedes. The Velocipede of the Day.”, in Edmund Routledge, editor, Routledge’s Every Boys Annual: An Entertaining Miscellany of Original Literature, London: George Routledge and Sons, The Broadway, Ludgate; New York, 416, Broome Street, 1870, →OCLC, page 414:

(obsolete or historical) A foot-propelled vehicle; a bicycle.


shearling

From Middle English scherling; equivalent to shear + -ling.

Her coat was lined with shearling.

(chiefly US) A sheepskin or lambskin that has gone through a limited shearing process so that the fibers are of uniform depth


hackleback

They served crackers with hackleback caviar.

A small North American sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus platorynchus, the roe of which is harvested for caviar


trialling

(British spelling) (Canadian spelling, common) present participle and gerund of trial


ynambu

Borrowed from Brazilian Portuguese inambu, inhambu, from Tupian inambú.

Rhynchotus rufescens
Rhynchotus rufescens#Translingual

A bird of South America, Rhynchotus rufescens, the red-winged tinamou.


scaly-sided merganser

scaly-sided merganser (plural scaly-sided mergansers)

Mergus squamatus
Mergus squamatus#Translingual

Mergus squamatus, an endangered species of merganser found in eastern Asia


stink badger

Either of the species of mammals in the Mydaus genus, native to Southeast Asia, resembling a badger in appearance, but more closely related to skunks.


salmonid

But commercial fishing and the construction of dams over the last two centuries have contributed to the decline of wild salmonids by 95 percent.

2019 December 11, Priyanka Runwal, “A Silicon Valley Disruption for Birds That Gorge on Endangered Fish”, in The New York Times:


striper

I caught a striper today.

(fishing) The striped bass, Morone saxatilis, a popular sport fish native to North America.


teledu

A stink badger, a mammal endemic to the island of Java, Mydaus javanensis.


boxfish

Any of the family Ostraciidae of often colorful, squared, bony fishes.


pancake tortoise

pancake tortoise (plural pancake tortoises)

A flat-shelled species of tortoise, taxonomic name Malacochersus tornieri.


sea eagle

en:sea eagle
en:sea eagle (disambiguation)


white-tailed eagle

white-tailed eagle (plural white-tailed eagles)

Haliaeetus albicilla
Haliaeetus albicilla#Translingual

A sea-eagle with a distinctive white tail; (Haliaeetus albicilla).


sand martin

1668, John Wilkins, An Essay Towards a Real Character, and a Philosophical Language, London: Sa. Gellibrand and John Martyn, Part 2, Chapter 5, p. 151,
SAND-MARTIN, Shore-bird.

1774, Gilbert White, Letter 20 in The Natural History and Antiquities of Selborne, London: B. White & Son, 1789, p. 175,
The only instance I ever remember where this species haunts any building is at the town of Bishop’s Waltham, in this county, where many sand-martins nestle and breed in the scaffold-holes of the back-wall of William of Wykeham’s stables:

The position was perched on a sort of razor-back of limestone with dug-outs driven horizontally into the cliff like sand-martins’ nests.

1938, George Orwell, chapter 4, in Homage to Catalonia, Boston: The Beacon Press, published 1955, page 38:

The sandmartins’ nests were loopholes of darkness in the riverbank.

1975, Seamus Heaney, “Nesting-Ground”, in New Selected Poems, 1966-1987, London: Faber and Faber, published 1990, page 42:

Riparia riparia
Riparia riparia#Translingual

A migratory passerine bird of the swallow family, Riparia riparia.


house martin

A migratory passerine bird of the swallow family, genus Delichon

Delichon urbicum
Delichon urbicum#Translingual

The common house martin (Delichon urbicum).


spinner

From Middle English spynnere; equivalent to spin + -er.

Now, Cher was a spinner. Spinner is slang for a petite “chez chez la femme” who loved to assume the dominate sexual position on top. In other words, one could take a spinner and turn her around rapidly thus creating a circular motion and a geometrically induced orgasm.

2007, Hank Miller, The Admiral's Son, Lulu.com, →ISBN, page 293:

For example, some johns used the term spinner to refer a petite female. This was exemplified by an exchange in the Dayton forum where individuals discussed the meaning of the term spinner:
 Purplehead: I picked up what looked to be a young thin WSW just south of McDs … She looked really good, about 100 lbs, and very cute, dark hair … a definite spinner..

2009, K.R. Blevins, T.J. Holt, “Examining the virtual subculture of johns”, in Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, volume 38, number 5, Sage Publications:

He hadn't dated any Asian girls at Princeton, even though there were tons of them. They tended to be petite, and he wasn't into little girls, "spinners," as Andy called them.

2012, Amy Sohn, Motherland, New York: Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, page 112:

The girl peeking up at him under strawberry[-]blond curls was what men commonly referred to as a “spinner.” Petite, passionate, and pliable...one you could switch into a different sexual position without removing yourself from her heat.
[…]
"I'm going to fuck my little spinner now. She's had it too easy so far."

2014, Tessa Bailey, Staking His Claim, Fort Collins, CO: Entangled Publishing, →ISBN:

[…] petite women, whom he called 'spinners,' because, in comparison to 'heifers,' they are far more manageable.”

2016, LR Penn, The Syzygy, Lulu.com, →ISBN, pages 204–205:

(often vulgar, slang, film) Primarily in the adult film industry, an actress or prostitute with a tiny frame, usually very thin and small-breasted.

2021, Neha Bedi, Sachin Bajaj, The Sardar of Spin
I can ascertain that even in the present era where T20 cricket has redefined spin bowling and spinners have started bowling doosras and teesras and fire the deliveries in, you can expect Bishan Singh Bedi to stick to his original definition, and insist that, 'A spinner is one who turns the ball...'

Caprimulgus europaeus
Caprimulgus europaeus#Translingual

A Eurasian nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus).

Stenella longirostris
Stenella longirostris#Translingual


chacma

The chacmas live in companies in the kopjes, whence they descend to forage […]

1908, H N Hutchinson, Charles John Cornish, The Standard Library of Natural History:

We sat quietly on the far side of the water as the chacmas treated us to a scene featuring a near-complete life cycle of activity.

2006, Marty Essen, Cool Creatures, Hot Planet:

A species of baboon from Southern Africa, Papio ursinus.


cockup

Lates calcarifer
Lates calcarifer#Translingual

A large edible fish of India (Lates calcarifer)


oviraptorid

(zoology) A member of the Oviraptoridae, birdlike maniraptoran dinosaurs.


lepidosaur

(zoology) A member of the Lepidosauria, reptiles with overlapping scales


archosaur

From translingual Archosauria (“taxonomic division of extinct reptiles”), from Ancient Greek ἄρχων (árkhōn, “leader”) + σαύρα (saúra, “lizard”).

bor

The predominance of archosaurs over other reptiles might be a consequence of their more advanced mode of locomotion compared with their relatives.

2012, Winand Brinkmann, Kenneth De Baets, editors, Paleontological Museum of the University of Zürich: Exhibition Guide, Paleontological Institute and Museum of the University of Zürich, →ISBN, page 77:

A reptile of the taxon Archosauria, which includes modern crocodilians and birds, as well as the extinct pterosaurs, non-avian dinosaurs and other taxa.


white wagtail

Motacilla alba
Motacilla alba#Translingual

a small passerine bird in the wagtail family Motacillidae (Motacilla alba).


red kite

Milvus milvus
Milvus milvus#Translingual

A predator bird of the kite (Accipitridae) family, Milvus milvus.

къашыргъэплъыфэ

qašərğɛplˢəfɛ


murrelet

Any of several species of small seabirds, in the genera Brachyramphus and Synthliboramphus of the auk family, found in the North Pacific.


Baird's tapir

For Spencer Fullerton Baird, American naturalist.

A tapir, Tapirus bairdii, from Central America


Great Pyrenees

(US) A large breed of dog originating in France and often used to guard livestock.


cowfish

Common bottlenose dolphin
Ostraciidae
Risso's dolphin
Scrawled cowfish

Any of genera Acanthostracion and Lactoria, of the boxfish family Ostraciidae.

Grampus griseus
Grampus griseus#Translingual

A grampus (Grampus griseus), Risso's dolphin.

A marine plectognath fish, Acanthostracion quadricornis and allied species, having two projections, like horns, in front.


blackback

great black-backed gull
great black-backed gull


croche

Borrowed from Middle French croche, equivalent to English crochet (“hook”), croc (“hook”), from Frankish *krok (“hook”), from Proto-Germanic *krukaz, *krōkaz (“something bent, hook”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to turn, bend, wind”). Cognate with Old Norse krókr (“hook”).

der

(obsolete) A little bud or knob at the top of a deer's antler, or as the predevelopmental stage of the antler.


aimara

From a native name; said by Century to be Tupi, but perhaps in fact Cariban: contrast Emerillon taɾeʔiɾ (“aïmara”) with Trió aimara (“anjumara”).

Release of fishing pressure after a 25 year period (Fig. 40) revealed that aimara increased rapidly becoming the dominant species, and that pavon declined drastically as aimara became abundant. Payara showed a slight increase ...

1989, Ana Beatriz Locci Hernandez, Comparative Study of the Response of Simulated Temperate and Tropical Fish Communities to Fishery Exploitation and Environmental Variability:

Abak Ekwa means “the land of many avocado trees”; Haimara Ekwa means “the land of many aimara fish” (Hoplias aimara).

2018, Stuart Kirsch, Engaged Anthropology: Politics Beyond the Text, Univ of California Press, →ISBN, page 246:

A South American freshwater river fish, Hoplias aimara.


hogsucker

Hypentelium nigricans, a species of fish found throughout the Mississippi river basin, growing up to two feet in length.


tropicbird

Any of the various seabirds of the family Phaethontidae, typically found in the open ocean in the tropics


redhorse

Another thing: most native Ozarkers actually prefer suckers to either bass or trout, and will regularly pass up game fish in order to strike at a big redhorse or hogmolly!

2017, Vance Randolph, Robert Cochran, The Ozarks: An American Survival of Primitive Society, page 235:

Any of various ray-finned fish in the genus Moxostoma.


minke

From Norwegian minkehval, allegedly after a crew member of the Norwegian whaling pioneer Svend Foyn (1809–1894), named Meincke, who mistook a pod of minkes for blue whales.

Minkes can grow to 10m and are likely to approach boats, delighting passengers with acrobatics as they hurl themselves out of the water.

2005, Andrea Schulte-Peevers, Canada, →ISBN, page 55:


calandra

From Ancient Greek κάλανδρος (kálandros, “lark”).

A calandra lark (Melanocorypha spp., especially Melanocorypha calandra).


Cooper's hawk

However, there are certain species of hawks which are to be feared; these are the Cooper's hawk and the sharp-shinned hawk, the first being very destructive to poultry and the latter killing many wild birds.

1911, Anna Botsford Comstock, Handbook of Nature Study, 24th edition, published 1939, page 105:

Accipiter cooperii
Accipiter cooperii#Translingual

Accipiter cooperii, a medium-sized hawk found from Canada to northern Mexico.


red-tailed hawk

en-noun

red-tailed hawk (plural red-tailed hawks)

Buteo jamaicensis
Buteo jamaicensis#Translingual

Buteo jamaicensis, a medium-sized bird of prey found throughout North America.


whistling marmot

whistling marmot (plural whistling marmots)


common goldeneye

common goldeneye (plural common goldeneyes)

Bucephala clangula
Bucephala clangula#Translingual

A medium sized sea duck, Bucephala clangula.


Barrow's goldeneye

Barrow's goldeneye (plural Barrow's goldeneyes)

Bucephala islandica
Bucephala islandica#Translingual

A duck in the goldeneye genus, Bucephala islandica

islandsk hvinand

a duck in the goldeneye genus, Bucephala islandica


black-necked swan

black-necked swan (plural black-necked swans)

Cygnus melancoryphus
Cygnus melancoryphus#Translingual

The only South American species of swan, Cygnus melancoryphus.


bufflehead

Compound of buffle (“buffalo”) + head, so called for its large head.

Bucephala albeola
Bucephala albeola#Translingual

A duck in the goldeneye genus, Bucephala albeola.


whooper swan

The thought of life with him filled her with exultation. She could leap up, like the whooper swan, spread her silver wings, and shout her song of rapture and of defiance, like a trumpet.

1880, Sabine Baring-Gould, chapter 7, in Mehalah: A Story of the Salt Marshes, London: Smith, Elder & Co., published 1884, page 103:

By mid-morning they are back with huge catches: birds with their necks twisted, slung from poles row upon row by their feet, or crammed alive into wooden cages, screaming with outrage, trampling each other, with sometimes a great silent whooper swan crouched in their midst.

1980, J. M. Coetzee, chapter 3, in Waiting for the Barbarians, London: Secker & Warburg, pages 78–79:

Cygnus cygnus
Cygnus cygnus#Translingual

A species of swan, Cygnus cygnus, of the taxonomic family Anatidae.


shitehawk

Possibly one of the most highly protected birds today is the kite, known by the British Army throughout the world as a shite-hawk.

1999 April 28, Lord Burton, “Capercaillie”, in parliamentary debates (House of Lords), column 423:

Shite-hawks..are more properly known as black kites,..gaining their unlovely nickname from British troops who used to get the meat stolen from their plates by these bold and skilful birds.

2006 March 11, Simon Barnes, “At deep mid-wicket I can see a face like a gargoyle – but wings like an angel”, in The Times, page 23:

(chiefly UK, Ireland, informal) A large scavenging or predatory bird; especially (originally in military use in South Asia) the black kite.

European herring gull
European herring gull

(chiefly UK, Ireland, informal) The European herring gull.

"Watch yer language, ye shitehawk." His da had heard the din from the kitchen and had decided to have his say in the matter.

1997, Valerie Maher, Sarah's Gate: Tales from Ballyhornet:

What must it be like, to be such a fucking gimp, and see perfection, and know you're too much of a shitehawk to ever have it?

2001, Gary Owen, Crazy Gary's Mobile Disco:

When I win, Liam still suggests on the eighteenth green that I'm a nine-fingered shitehawk.

2005, Andrew M Greeley, The Priestly Sins:

...any analyst who puts out a book with the word "ethics" in the title is invariably an incorrigible shitehawk.

(chiefly UK, Ireland, informal) An objectionable person; a twat or wanker.


woodlark

At this moment the woodlark commenced his morning song with his clear ringing notes, which in the darkness of the night reminded us of the bright approaching dawn, and formed a cheerful contrast to the ghostly flight and unpleasant notes of the nocturnal birds.

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 86:

Lullula arborea
Lullula arborea#Translingual

A lark, Lullula arborea, the only member of the genus Lullula, found in western Eurasia and northern Africa.


sac-a-lait

From Choctaw sakli (“trout”), via Cajun French, which reinterpreted it as sac (“sack”) (à (“of”)) lait (“milk”), ultimately from Proto-Muskogean *¢akliCo (“trout”).

(Louisiana dialect) A white crappie (Pomoxis annularis).


psittacine

Any bird in the order Psittaciformes: a parrot.


harbor seal

Phoca vitulina
Phoca vitulina#Translingual

A species of true seals, Phoca vitulina.


arthrodire

The basicranial circulation of Ptomacanthus resembles that in arthrodire placoderms.

2009 January 15, Martin D. Brazeau, “The braincase and jaws of a Devonian 'acanthodian' and modern gnathostome origins”, Nature Volume 457 No. 7227, doi:10.1038/nature07436

(zoology) Any member of the extinct order Arthrodira, armored jawed fishes that flourished in the Devonian period.


gnathostome

/ˈnæθəstəʊm/

Current conceptions of gnathostome phylogeny depict a rather simplistic arrangement of nominally monophyletic and, apparently, morphologically disparate groups.

(zoology) Any vertebrate with jaws, including amphibians, reptiles, mammals, and most modern fish, in contrast with the Agnatha


acanthodian

The emerging picture of acanthodian (and perhaps placoderm) paraphyly does not overturn a general consensus about gnathostome interrelationships.

(zoology) A member of a group of extinct fish (Acanthodii) that existed from the Silurian to the Permian period.


maasbanker

Trachurus trachurus
Trachurus trachurus#Translingual

(South Africa) A species of edible mackerel (Trachurus trachurus).


ring-tailed macauco

ring-tailed macauco (plural ring-tailed macaucos)


MacGillivray's warbler

MacGillivray's warbler (plural MacGillivray's warblers)

Named in honor of William MacGillivray, Scottish naturalist.

A small warbler of species Geothlypis tolmiei (syn. Oporornis tolmiei).


medaka

[…] report oscillating patterns in the rate of genetic variation around the start sites of transcription in the medaka (Japanese killifish, Oryzias latipes ) genome.

2009 January 16, Colin A. M. Semple, Martin S. Taylor, “MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: The Structure of Change”, in Science, volume 323, number 5912:

Similar to the findings in medaka, fathead minnows treated with an intermediate concentration (10ng/L) of EE2 [18] in the ambient water at various timeranges throughout development did not result in sexreversal.^([sic])

2009, Daniel Dietrich, Heiko O. Krieger, Histological Analysis of Endocrine Disruptive Effects in Small Laboratory Fish, page 47:

Much of the research directed toward developing this technology has been done using model fish species such as medaka (Wakamatsu et al. 1994; Hong et al. 1996) and zebrafish (Sun et al. 1995; Ma et al. 2001; Kurita and Sakai 2004).

2012, Ten-Tsao Wong, Paul Collodi, “Chapter 12: Application of Fish Stem Cell Technology to Aquaculture and Marine Biotechnology”, in Garth L. Fletcher, Matthew L. Rise, editors, Aquaculture Biotechnology, page 193:

Oryzias latipes, a small Japanese ricefish, popular for use in aquariums.


ring-tailed lemur

ring-tailed lemur (plural ring-tailed lemurs)

A lemur of species Lemur catta, from Madagascar, with a long black-and-white ringed tail.


prosimian

A primate that is not a monkey or an ape, generally nocturnal with large eyes and ears. Such primates were formerly grouped in the suborder Prosimii, but are now considered a paraphyletic group and not a clade.


mackerel shark

nictitating membrane
nictitating membrane

Any shark of the order Lamniformes, having two dorsal fins an anal fin, five gill slits and eyes without nictitating membrane


anapsid

From scientific Latin Anapsida, from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-, “not”) + ἁψίς (hapsís, “arch”).

(zoology) A member of this group of reptiles, including the turtles, tortoises and terrapins.

anapsido

Reptile with a skull that has no openings near the temples


cynodont

From cyno- + -odont, from Ancient Greek κύων (kúōn, “dog”) and ὀδόντος (odóntos), genitive singular of ὀδούς (odoús, “tooth, tusk”).

The Triassic immediately followed a devastating mass extinction, and the cynodonts diversified in its aftermath in much the same way mammals did in the Paleocene.

2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherlands, Penguin, published 2023, page 160:

(zoology) Any of several small carnivorous synapsids in the clade Cynodontia, ancestral to mammals and extinct close relatives.


mudlark

Besides these, there were the mudlark and the scupple hunter: the former prowling about at low water, receiving in his small bag such petty packages as he could get from his dishonest friends on board; and the later sneaking about the wharves and quays, under the pretense of wanting work, to pick up everything and anything that came to hand.

1799, George Mogridge, Old Humphrey's walks in London and its neighbourhood, Religious Tract Society, page 286:

She removes only what the water ‘delivers’ to her – items she can see lying on the surface. Unlike some other mudlarks, she does not dig for finds.

2019 August, Neil Armstrong, “A Real Muck Raker”, in Literary Review:

Dr. Fiona Haughey, a London archaeologist who has worked on the Thames since the 1990s, said that although some mudlarks are looking for valuables, others are looking for a connection with the everyday objects of a bygone Britain.

2020 February 12, Megan Specia, “Mudlarks Scour the Thames to Uncover 2,000 Years of Secrets”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(now rare, chiefly historical) One who scavenges in river or harbor mud for items of value, especially in London.

the children were nothing like inert: a large population of junior mudlarks, so long unwashed that you could hardly make them out, climbed among the ruins, cheerfully playing the games that all children play – pushing wheels with sticks, flipping rusty lids and bottle caps in makeshift tiddlywinks.

1995, Isabel Fonseca, Bury Me Standing, Vintage, published 2007, page 104:

A child who plays in the mud; a child that spends most of its time in the streets, a street urchin.

Anthus petrosus
Anthus petrosus#Translingual

Alauda arvensis
Alauda arvensis#Translingual

(UK, regional) Any of various birds that are found in muddy places or build their nests with mud, especially Anthus petrosus and Alauda arvensis.

Grallina cyanoleuca
Grallina cyanoleuca#Translingual

(Australia) The Grallina cyanoleuca that builds its nest with mud into a bowl-like shape.


mudlark

en-verb

mudlark (third-person singular simple present mudlarks, present participle mudlarking, simple past and past participle mudlarked)

mudlarks (present singular third-person)
mudlarking (participle present)
mudlarked (participle past)
mudlarked (past)

(intransitive) To scavenge in river or harbor mud for items of value.


macrourid

(zoology) Any fish of the family Macrouridae; a rattail.


rattail

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-rattail.wav

From rat + tail: all of the nonliteral senses come from something else's fancied resemblance to the tail of a rat.

In the North Atlantic, Russians pioneered the harvesting of rattails, a ubiquitous deep fish with big eyes and a long tail that swishes back and forth in a sinuous motion.

1995 December 26, William J. Broad, “Creatures of the Deep Find Their Way to the Table”, in The New York Times:

en:ray-finned fish of family Macrouridae

Any of the large dark-colored deep-sea fish of the Macrouridae family of ray-finned fish.


sandhill

Adult sandhills can be 4 to 5 feet tall.

1997, Lynn M. Stone, Sandhill Cranes, →ISBN, page 7:


African clawed frog

en-noun

African clawed frog (plural African clawed frogs)

Heaven knows what led him to do it, but Hogben found that if you injected an African clawed frog with the urine of a pregnant woman, within hours it would lay eggs.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: The First 100 Million Years, Penguin, published 2019, page 283:

Xenopus laevis
Xenopus laevis#Translingual

A clawed frog found in southern Africa, Xenopus laevis, that has some properties very useful for genetics.


xiphihumeralis

The tendon of the xiphihumeralis is also connected with its inner surface near its insertion.

1901, Jacob Ellsworth Reighard, Herbert Spencer Jennings, Anatomy of the cat (2nd edition), H. Holt and Company, page 147:

The xiphihumeralis muscle (M. xiphihumeralis) is the fourth muscle the pectoralis group ^([sic]). It originates from the xiphoid process of the sternum and inserts on the humerus (hence the name xiphihumeralis).

2003, Phillip E. Cochran, Laboratory manual for comparative veterinary anatomy and physiology, Cengage Learning, →ISBN, page 144:

A long, flat strip of pectoral muscle comprising a band of parallel fibres, found in felines.


heigh-ho

Colaptes auratus
Colaptes auratus#Translingual


Dragon Li

A domestic cat of a large shorthair breed originating from China.


Japanese amberjack

Japanese amberjack (plural Japanese amberjacks or Japanese amberjack)

Japanese amberjacks (plural)
Japanese amberjack (plural)

Pacific yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata)


ironsmith

An East Indian barbet (Psilopogon faber) whose note resembles the sounds made by a smith.


hominoid

From Latin homin- + -oid, after scientific Latin Hominoidea (superfamily name).

Hominoids differ from monkeys in several ways, the most striking being the lack of an external tail.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: The First 100 Million Years, Penguin, published 2019, page 111:

Any primate (including humans and apes) belonging to the superfamily Hominoidea.


hamachi

Over an elaborate lunch — kimchi and other pickled vegetables, East and West Coast oysters, pork and shitake mushroom buns, noodle soups and hamachi with beet purée — he and Mr. McCarthy discussed their attempts to sidestep the clichés of postpunk stardom while still making a record people could dance, and debauch themselves, to.

2009 January 27, Melena Ryzik, “A Band Moves Away From the Style It Helped Make Mainstream”, in New York Times:

Japanese amberjack, Pacific yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata).


honeyeater

1985, Hugh A. Ford, David C. Paton, Chapter 12: Habitat Selection in Australian Honeyeaters, with Special Reference to Nectar Productivity, Martin L. Cody (editor), Habitat Selection in Birds, 376,
For all honeyeaters combined and White-naped Honeyeaters, the only other common species, there is actually a negative correlation between abundance and nectar productivity […] .

The spiny-cheeked honeyeater has a more generalized diet and the gastrointestinal tract is similar structurally and proportionally to other honeyeaters.

1999, Karen van Rheede van Oudtshoorn, Margaretha W. van Rooyen, Dispersal Biology of Desert Plants, page 23:

The adopted sequence of genera of Australian honeyeaters follows that implied by the phylogeny of Driskell and Christidis (2004).

2008, Les Christidis, Walter Boles, editors, Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds, page 190:

Any of the many Australasian birds of the family Meliphagidae, which have a tongue adapted for obtaining nectar from flowers.


common eider

Somateria mollissima
Somateria mollissima#Translingual

A sea duck in the eider family; Somateria mollissima.


wild horse

A member of the species Equus ferus, sometimes excluding the domesticated horse.


common whitefish

common whitefish (plural common whitefish)

Coregonus lavaretus
Coregonus lavaretus#Translingual

A freshwater fish of salmon family, Coregonus lavaretus.


colobus

(zoology) Any of several large arboreal African monkeys of the genus Colobus.


cynomolgus

From Ancient Greek κύων (kúōn, “dog”) + ἀμέλγω (amélgō, “to milk”). Apparently from a word coined by Aristophanes of Byzantium for a race of humans with long hair and beards who hunted with dogs and, according to Aristophanes, milked them. (See Crab-eating macaque on Wikipedia.Wikipedia).

pedia

[…]but no «mouse-virulent» virus could be recovered on passage in other mice although titration in cynomolgus renal epithelial cells showed that virus replication had occurred.

1953, “Atti del VI Congresso Internazionale di Microbiologia”, in Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Microbiology, volume 3, page 157:

1978, B. J. Catley, 5: Glycoproteins, Glycopeptides, and Animal Polysaccharides, J. S. Brimacombe (editor), Carbohydrate Chemistry, Volume 10, The Chemical Society, page 305,
Similarities also exist between the antigenic properties of the β₁-glycoproteins obtained from chimpanzees, rhesus monkeys, cynomolguses, and baboons.

2019, Kira Jane Buxton, Hollow Kingdom, Hachette UK (Headline Publishing Group), unnumbered page,
MoFos never gave up on the belief that they could land on the moon, and, by thunder, they did it! (After sensibly sending up a few test subjects including cats, tortoises, mice, mealworms, a rabbit, chimpanzees, rhesus macaques, squirrel monkeys, cynomolguses and pig-tailed monkeys, a boatload of dogs, and some fruit flies.

Macaca fascicularis
Macaca fascicularis#Translingual

(often attributive) A long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis), native to Asia, that feeds on shellfish.


galloper

(Australia) The Chinamanfish, a type of snapper


wild turkey

Meleagris gallopavo
Meleagris gallopavo#Translingual

A large gamebird, Meleagris gallopavo, native to North America.


jumpout

The few who attended Tuesday's important Lightning Stakes jumpouts at Flemington on Tuesday may have been put off by Swick's lethargic display.

2009 January 31, Matt Stewart, “Bart Cummings ready to derail Lightning match race”, in Herald Sun, archived from the original on 2009-02-05:

I did get to ride in a couple of barrier jumpouts, but even that was sprung on me. I was riding a horse towards the track when Murty said it was going for a jumpout, a sprint about 400 metres from the barriers down the home straight.

2011, David Brasch, Peter Cook, Jockeying To The Top, unnumbered page:

(Australia, horse racing) An unofficial trial race.


standardbred

From standard + bred. In this context, the word "standard" refers to the fact that in the early decades of the breed's development, all breeding stock had to meet a specific performance standard, namely ability to trot or pace a mile in no more than 2 minutes, 30 seconds.

"Jockeys waste and drivers don't and maybe the breed (standardbred) might be a bit more conducive to the conditions."

2009 January 30, Tim Habel, Matt Stewart, “Heat on VRC to delay Flemington meeting”, in Herald Sun:

(horse racing) A breed of horse bred specifically for harness racing


trackwork

McDonald described Weekend Hussler's trackwork this preparation as "frightening".

2009 January 30, Tim Habel, “Short journey to suit Hussler”, in Herald Sun:

(horse racing) Practice in racing around a track


painted bunting

en-noun

painted bunting (plural painted buntings)

A brightly-colored finch (Passerina ciris) of the southern United States


dinosaurian

/ˌdʌɪnə(ʊ)ˈsɔːɹɪən/

From dinosaur + -ian, or Dinosauria + -an.

They were flapping their ears, moving their great stamp-like feet up and down, grinding their teeth, slobbering with their mouths, making borborygmic gurgles and rumbles in their dinosaurian-like bodies, or throwing up their trunks or their tails.

1922 April, Cuthbert Christy, “The African Elephant, Part II”, in Journal of the African Society, volume XXI, number LXXXIII, Macmillan and co., page 194:


caenophidian

(zoology) Any snake of the superfamily once known as Caenophidia (now known as Colubroidea)


crocodyliform

(zoology) Any reptile of the order Crocodylia; the crocodiles, alligators etc.


boine

en-adj

boine (comparative more boine, superlative most boine)

more boine (comparative)
most boine (superlative)