papyrus

en-noun

papyrus (usually uncountable, plural papyri or papyruses)

From Middle English papirus, borrowed from Latin papȳrus, from Ancient Greek πάπυρος (pápuros), of unknown origin. Doublet of papyros.

Cyperus papyrus
Cyperus papyrus#Translingual

(usually uncountable) A plant (Cyperus papyrus) in the sedge family, native to the Nile river valley, paper reed.


sedge

sedge (countable and uncountable, plural sedges)

Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *sagjaz
Proto-West Germanic *sagi
Old English seċġ
Middle English segge
English sedge
From Middle English segge, from Old English seċġ, from Proto-West Germanic *sagi, from Proto-Germanic *sagjaz, from Proto-Indo-European *sak- (“marsh plant”).
Cognate with Dutch zegge and German Segge, dialectal German Saher (“reeds”).

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LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-sedge.wav

But when the moon rose and the breeze awakened, and the sedges stirred, and the cat's-paws raced across the moonlit ponds, and the far surf off Wonder Head intoned the hymn of the four winds, the trinity, earth and sky and water, became one thunderous symphony—a harmony of sound and colour silvered to a monochrome by the moon.

1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter VIII, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

Any plant of the genus Carex, the true sedges; perennial, endogenous herbs with triangular jointless stems, a spiked inflorescence, and long grass-like leaves which are usually rough on the margins and midrib.

Andropogon virginicus
Andropogon virginicus#Translingual

Any other plants resembling sedges, such as Gentiana rubricaulis and Andropogon virginicus.


sedge

(fishing) A dry fly used in fly fishing, designed to resemble a sedge or caddis fly.


galingale

en-noun

galingale (countable and uncountable, plural galingales)

/ˈɡælɪŋɡeɪl/

From Middle English galingale, from Old French galingal, from Arabic خَلَنْجَان (ḵalanjān), from Persian قولنجان (qulenjân, qulanjân), from Sanskrit कुलञ्जन (kulañjana), perhaps from Chinese 高良薑／高良姜 (gāoliángjiāng), from 高涼 /高凉 (Gāoliáng) (a prefecture or county in China) + 薑 /姜 (jiāng, “ginger”).

One of several species of Cyperus sedges with aromatic rhizomes.


chufa

chufa (countable and uncountable, plural chufas)

Borrowed from Spanish chufa, possibly from Latin cȳphi (“gallingale perfume”), from Ancient Greek κῦφι (kûphi, “a kind of Egyptian incense”), from Egyptian kꜣpt (“incense”), a nominal derivative of kꜣp (“to cense”).

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Chufa is most popular in two places in the Mediterranean, Spain and Egypt (especially around Damietta). In Spain, especially in the region of Valencia, chufa is used to make a drink called horchata.

2001, Clifford A. Wright, Mediterranean Vegetables, Harvard Common Press, →ISBN, page 119:

The chinese water chestnut and the tiger nut, or chufa, are both members of the sedge family, a group of water grasses that includes papyrus.

2004, Harold McGee, chapter 6, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner, →ISBN:

Cyperus esculentus
Cyperus esculentus#Translingual

Cyperus esculentus, a species of sedge native to warm temperate to subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere having small edible tubers (tiger nuts).


bulrush

From Middle English bulrish, perhaps from bule (“bull”) (in the sense of "large") plus rish (“rush”).

(Americas) Sedges in the genera Bolboschoenus or Schoenoplectus (formerly considered Scirpus), having clusters of spikelets.


nutgrass

Cyperus rotundus
Cyperus rotundus#Translingual

Any perennial sedge of species Cyperus esculentus or Cyperus rotundus, that has small edible nutlike tubers.


tule

From Spanish tule, from Classical Nahuatl tōllin (“bulrush, sedge”).

uder

This consisted of a two-room house built of chittim poles, with no floor, a thatched roof of tules, and a windbreak of buffalo and cowhides to the north of it.

1964, John Hendrix, If I Can Do It Horseback: A Cow-Country Sketchbook, page 40:

(US) Any of a number of large freshwater sedges of western North America formerly classified in the genus Scirpus, but now mostly as Schoenoplectus

A type of chinook salmon which spawns in the Columbia River basin


water chestnut

en-noun

water chestnut (countable and uncountable, plural water chestnuts)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-water chestnut.wav

Chinese water chestnut
Chinese water chestnut

Eleocharis dulcis
Eleocharis dulcis#Translingual

(uncountable) Chinese water chestnut (Eleocharis dulcis), grown for its edible corm, used in Asian cooking.


acute sedge

A sedge species, Carex acuta (in Carex subg. Carex).


common sedge

common sedge (countable and uncountable, plural common sedges)

A sedge species, Carex nigra (in Carex subg. Carex).


sand sedge

sand sedge (countable and uncountable, plural sand sedges)


rare spring-sedge

rare spring-sedge (countable and uncountable, plural rare spring-sedges)

A sedge species, Carex ericetorum (in Carex subg. Carex).


glaucous sedge

A sedge species, Carex flacca (in Carex subg. Carex).


slender sedge

A sedge species, Carex lasiocarpa (in Carex subg. Carex).


mud sedge

mud sedge (countable and uncountable, plural mud sedges)


few-flowered sedge

few-flowered sedge (plural few-flowered sedges)


sawgrass

Any of several Cladium species, long sedges with saw-like sharp, serrated edges, such as Cladium californicum, Cladium jamaicense, and Cladium mariscoides

Cladium californicum – California sawgrass


dumble

Recently Dr. K. J. Allison has come across a Leconfield lease of 1631 which included 'all the earl 's dumbles growing in Arram Carr' ?

1974, The Local Historian - Volume 11, page 64:

In such circumstances it may well be that a natural pool would be enlarged or deepened or an artificial pond created to maintain a suitable habitat for the rush. Later archival references to the rush “dumbles" are for the River Hull valley.

1982, Lore and Language - Volume 3, Parts 6-10, page 54:

The item from Elizabeth Hotham's account book does not state where the dumbles grew, but in a later account book of Sir Charles Hotham Arram Carr is specified.

1988, Charles Oodrington Pressick Hobkirk, George Taylor Porritt, William Denison Roebuck, The Naturalist - Issues 984-999, page 58:


nutsedge

(US) Any of certain species of invasive perennial sedge, of the genus Cyperus, that have edible, nutlike tubers.


cutty grass

cutty grass (usually uncountable, plural cutty grasses)

Any of many species of sedge or grass that have leaves with sharp, serrated edges, including

(informal, New Zealand) Any grass species of the genus Austroderia (toetoe, syn. Cortaderia).

Cyperus ustulatus (giant umbrella sedge)

Gahnia grandis (syn. Cladium psittacorum)


hare's-tail

hare's-tail cottongrass
hare's-tail cottongrass

Eriophorum vaginatum
Eriophorum vaginatum#Translingual

A kind of sedge, hare's-tail cottongrass (Eriophorum vaginatum).


cottongrass

cottongrass (usually uncountable, plural cottongrasses)

As he climbed up through the golden gorse he would look for orchids amongst the commoner cotton grass, bog asphodel and butterwort[.]

1977, K.M. Elizabeth Murray, Caught in the Web of Words, Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 20:

Various species of plants of genus Eriophorum in the sedge family


broomsedge

Any species of grass in the genus Andropogon, especially Andropogon virginicus, broomsedge bluestem.


tiger nut

Consequently, once established in some African regions, the tiger nut has become a weed that is difficult to eradicate. The fibrous “nuts” may be eaten raw out of hand, but they are usually roasted or cooked and added to soups.

2004, Frederic Rosengarten, Jr., The Book of Edible Nuts, Courier Corporation, →ISBN, page 332:

(especially in the plural) The edible tuber of chufa (Cyperus esculentus).


razor grass

razor grass (countable and uncountable, plural razor grasses)

Any of various plants with sharp-toothed leaves, especially those of the genus Scleria, such as Scleria gaertneri.


club rush

Any rush of the genus Scirpus or related genera.


woolgrass

woolgrass (usually uncountable, plural woolgrasses)

Scirpus cyperinus, a herbaceous emergent that is native to the eastern United States and eastern Canada.


fox sedge

Carex vulpinoidea, native to North America.


blue wood sedge

blue wood sedge (countable and uncountable, plural blue wood sedges)

Carex glaucodea, native to North America.


Pennsylvania sedge

Pennsylvania sedge (usually uncountable, plural Pennsylvania sedges)

Carex pensylvanica (in Carex subg. Carex), native to eastern North America.


plantainleaf sedge

Carex plantaginea (in Carex subg. Carex), growing in meadows in the eastern US.


sallow sedge

Carex lurida (in Carex subg. Carex), native to eastern North America.


long hair sedge

Carex crinita, native to eastern North America.


broom sedge

broom sedge (countable and uncountable, plural broom sedges)

Andropogon virginicus, a tall grass native to the southeastern United States, considered invasive in some other environments.


long-beaked bald rush

Rhynchospora scirpoides, reported in scattered parts of the eastern United States


Bicknell's sedge

Carex bicknellii, principally found in north central and northeastern United States.


soft fox sedge

Carex conjuncta, native to north central and northeastern United States.


cat-tail sedge

cat-tail sedge (countable and uncountable, plural cat-tail sedges)

Carex typhina (in Carex subg. Carex), native to eastern North America


softstem rush

Toe cover that develops is usually broad-leaved cattail, softstem rush (Juncus effusus), wool-grass (Scirpus eriophorum), switch-cane (Arundinaria tecta) and plume-grass (Erianthus spp.).

1947, Southeastern Association of Game and Fish Commissioners, Proceedings of the Southeastern Association of Game and Fish Commissioners, page 90:

[…] it is relatively common in recent clearcuts and stands of Cane (Arundinaria gigantea) and Softstem Rush (Juncus effusus) but relatively uncommon in mature pine and hardwood forests.

1987, Mary K. Clark, Endangered, Threatened, and Rare Fauna of North Carolina, page 22:

Juncus effusus
Juncus effusus#Translingual

A plant of the species Juncus effusus, a type of true rush found worldwide.

For the large rectangular mat, the bulrush or rush, as Scirpus validus Vahl., is concurred in by Densmore (1928, pp. 293, 295, 378), Gilmore (1933, p. 124), Kinietz and Jones (1942, p. 525), and Smith (1932, p. 418). In contrast to this soft-stem rush, the hard-stem variety, Scirpus acutus Muhl., was found for the mat in this study.

1963, Karen Daniels Petersen, Chippewa Mat-weaving Techniques, U.S. Government Printing Office:

Spike rush [Eleocharis palustris) and soft-stem bulrush [Scirpus validus] were destroyed by flood with over 15 inches of water in 3 years

1967, Wm. S Eisenlahr, Jr., Charles E. Sloan, “GENERALIZED HYDROLOGY OF PRAIRIE POTHOLES ON THE COTEAU DU MISSOURI, NORTH DAKOTA”, in Geological Survey Circular, volumes 540-570, USGS:

A plant of the species Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, a type of bulrush or sedge native to the northern hemisphere.


green bulrush

A plant of the species Scirpus atrovirens


woolgrass bulrush

woolgrass bulrush (plural woolgrass bulrushes)

A plant of the species Scirpus cyperinus, native to eastern North America.


watergrass

watergrass (countable and uncountable, plural watergrasses)

Any of various grasses in the genus Echinochloa that are capable of growing in water.


toetoe

(New Zealand) Certain grasses and sedges native to New Zealand:

Any of the species Gahnia setifolia of sedges

Any of the species Cyperus ustulatus of sedges


mapanioid

Calibration of this analysis was achieved using a selection of fossils [72 –80 ] employed in previous dating analyses [78 ,79 ,81 ,82 ], plus a recently described mapanioid sedge fossil [83 ].

2015 October 1, “Dated Plant Phylogenies Resolve Neogene Climate and Landscape Evolution in the Cape Floristic Region”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

Any sedge of the subfamily Mapanioideae.


kobresia

Alpine meadows, primarily composed of Sichuan kobresia (Kobresia setchwanensis) made up a smaller proportion of the tree-line mosaic.

2016 January 20, “Effects of Supplementary Feeding on the Breeding Ecology of the Buff-Throated Partridge in a Tibetan Sacred Site, China”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(botany) Any member of the genus Kobresia of plants in the sedge family.


hairgrass

hairgrass (countable and uncountable, plural hairgrasses)

Any of certain species of sedge in the genus Eleocharis.


bog cotton

From its resemblance to cotton and its typical bog habitat.


umbrella grass

umbrella grass (countable and uncountable, plural umbrella grasses)

Any of several species of grasses and sedges:

Chloris truncata, a grass, early chloris (Australia), Australian finger grass, star grass, windmill grass.


hookgrass

Any of several species of sedge in the genus Uncinia the seeds of which are hooked and attach themselves to passers-by.


button grass

[T]he ceiling swelled in waves like an ocean, like a buttongrass plain, like the pocked earth stripped of its trees […].

1997, Richard Flanagan, chapter 75, in The Sound of One Hand Clapping, New York: Atlantic Monthly Press, pages 377–378:

Button-grass plains grew in peaty soil to the water's edge.

2004, Nicholas Shakespeare, In Tasmania, Harvill Press, p. 73

(chiefly Australia) Any of several grasses with round or globular flower heads; especially Gymnoschoenus sphaerocephalus, a tussock-forming sedge especially of western Tasmania, forming distinct plains; and Dactyloctenium radulans, an annual grass of mainland Australia.


bogrush

Any of several sedges of the genus Schoenus.


spikerush

spikerush (countable and uncountable, plural spikerushes)


clubgrass

Several sedges in Scirpus and related genera.


nutrush

Any of the genus Scleria of flowering plants in the sedge family, Cyperaceae.


sedge grass

sedge grass (countable and uncountable, plural sedge grasses)


deer's hair

A kind of grass, the heath club-rush, Trichophorum cespitosum.


deer's grass

A kind of sedge, the heath club-rush, Trichophorum cespitosum.


paper reed

Cyperus papyrus, an aquatic flowering plant of the sedge family, papyrus.


rush nut

The plant Cyperus esculentus, having edible tubers.


woolsedge

woolsedge (usually uncountable, plural woolsedgees)

Any of several species of Scirpus related to Scirpus cyperinus with perianth bristles giving a wooly appearance.


wood sedge

wood sedge (countable and uncountable, plural wood sedges)

Any of several species of sedges (Carex spp.).

(UK) European woodland sedge (Carex sylvatica)


fimbry

Any of various sedges of the genus Fimbristylis.


claspbract sedge

claspbract sedge (countable and uncountable, plural claspbract sedges)

Carex amplectens, a species of sedge plant.


Chinese water chestnut

Chinese water chestnut (plural Chinese water chestnuts)


chairmaker's bulrush

chairmaker's bulrush (plural chairmaker's bulrushes)

schoenoplectus americanus, or the chairmaker’s bulrush, is a common wetland plant in the Americas, and it has an existential problem. It has chosen to live in a place where it is always at risk of being drowned.

2022 May 23, Gregory Barber, “The Wetlands Are Drowning”, in Wired:

A perennial herb, Schoenoplectus americanus, native to the Americas, used as a model organism in the study of salt marsh ecology.


Olney's bulrush

Olney's bulrush (plural Olney's bulrushes)

Named after Stephen Thayer Olney (1812–1878), American manufacturer and botanist.

chairmaker's bulrush
chairmaker's bulrush

The chairmaker's bulrush (Schoenoplectus americanus).


Krause's sedge

From Krause + -'s + sedge, a calque of translingual Carex krausei.


beaksedge

beaksedge (countable and uncountable, plural beaksedges)

From beak + sedge, from the tapered shape of its seedpods.

This is one of the larger species of beaksedges in Florida.

2005, Marc C. Minno, Jerry F. Butler, Donald W. Hall, Florida Butterfly Caterpillars and their Host Plants, University Press of Florida, page 225:

Beaksedge species are difficult to identify in the field; 10x or higher magnification is needed to examine the fruits.

2007, Linda G. Chafin, Field Guide to the Rare Plants of Georgia, University of Georgia Press, →ISBN, page 303:

Several similar species may occur throughout the southeastern United States. Narrowfruit horned beaksedge is very similar and occurs in similar habitats, but is less common. Broadfruit horned beaksedge is also similar but is restricted to the lower coastal plain areas of Mississippi.

2012 February 1, Michael L. Schummer, Heath M. Hagy, K. Sarah Fleming, Joshua C. Cheshier, James T. Callicutt, “Beakrush, beaksedge, shortbristle horned beaksedge”, in A Guide to Moist-Soil Wetland Plants of the Mississippi Alluvial Valley, Univ. Press of Mississippi, →ISBN, page 168:


white beaksedge

From white + beaksedge, especially from contrast with brown beaksedge (Rhynchospora fusca).

Dark bog pools are spiked with Common Cottongrass and White Beak-sedge, and in summer the brown, peaty water is warm to the touch.

2020 November 24, Sophie Lake, Durwyn Liley, Robert Still, Andy Swash, Britain's Habitats: A Field Guide to the Wildlife Habitats of Great Britain and Ireland - Fully Revised and Updated Second Edition, Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 264:

Rhynchospora alba
Rhynchospora alba#Translingual


brown beaksedge

From brown + beaksedge, especially from contrast with white beaksedge (Rhynchospora alba).

For example, in Brown beak-sedge (Rhynchospora fusca) the teeth on the bristles point upward; in White beak-sedge (Rhynchospora alba) the teeth located at the base point upward, while the teeth farther away from the base point downward.

2013 August 31, R. T. J. Cappers, R.M. Bekker, A Manual for the Identification of Plant Seeds and Fruits, Barkhuis, →ISBN, page 113:


common threesquare

Other species found in less abundance are marsh mallow, common threesquare, arrowhead, smartweed, water hemp, and cardinal flower.

1987, chapter 3, in Ware Creek Water Supply Reservoir, James City County: Environmental Impact Statement, page 9:

Schoenoplectus pungens, a species of bulrush.


threesquare

From three-square, referring to a cross-section of the plant's stem appearing as an equilateral triangle.

In colonial days, threesquare was used to cane chair seats.

2018 March 14, Bryan MacKay, Paddle Maryland: A Guide to Rivers, Creeks, and Water Trails, JHU Press, →ISBN, page 38:

American threesquare
American threesquare

Several species of bulrush (biologically, sedges) with a triangular stem:

Schoenoplectus americanus (American threesquare, Olney's bulrush, chairmaker's bulrush).

Schoenoplectus pungens (common threesquare, sharp club-rush)


great bulrush

great bulrush (countable and uncountable, plural great bulrushes)

The shore here is dense with Great Bulrushes, and other rushes, too; Mary says four kinds thrive along her lake frontage.

2004, Mary Blocksma, Great Lakes Nature: An Outdoor Year, University of Michigan Press, →ISBN, page 160:

Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, a species of bulrush.


softstem bulrush

softstem bulrush (countable and uncountable, plural softstem bulrushes)

Typical species found within drainage and depressional wetland areas include softstem bulrush, hardstem bulrush, green bulrush, cattail, wild millet and water smartweed.

2001, United States Army Corps of Engineers, chapter 3, in Maple River Dam and Reservoir, Construction and Operation, Cass County: Environmental Impact Statement, page 47:

A bulrush of species Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani.


grey club-rush

grey club-rush (countable and uncountable, plural grey club-rushes)

The only other identifiable plant macrofossil present was a nutlet of club-rush that was morphologically most similar to grey club-rush (Schoenoplectus cf tabernaemontani). This form of club-rush is most often found near the sea, although it also grows in marshes and dune-slacks.

2017 January 9, Dan Garner, Hillforts of the Cheshire Ridge, Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, →ISBN, page 253:

(chiefly UK, Ireland) Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani, a species of bulrush.