fool's watercress

Apium nodiflorum (syn. Heliosciadium nodiflorum), a flowering plant native to western Europe, the leaves somewhat resembling those of watercress.


armadillo egg

Since they do not contain any egg, the name may have come from Scotch egg, another snack food that is wrapped in sausage meat.

(US, cooking) A jalapeño popper, especially when wrapped in bacon or sausage meat.


scarlet runner

In reference to its red flowers and climbing habit.

Phaseolus coccineus
Phaseolus coccineus#Translingual


Khorasan wheat

Khorasan wheat is another ancient wheat that probably evolved as a hybrid of other grasses. Its exact origins are unknown, but appear to be in the Middle East. Unlike other ancient wheats, however, the grain is not enclosed in a hull.

2015, Emma Borghesi, The Beans & Grains Bible, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:

An ancient tetraploid species or subspecies of wheat (Triticum turanicum), historically cultivated in Central Asia.


salad greens

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-salad greens.wav

Leafy vegetables typically eaten raw, such as lettuce, rocket (arugula), etc.


Catherine pear

See, the Catherine pear, and the vergaloo, how rich, juicy, and delicious.

1822, Noah Webster, The American Spelling Book: Containing the Rudiments of the English Language, page 70:


sand cherry

Prunus pumila, a North American cherry in the rose family, growing in sandy locations.


pagoda flower

Clerodendrum paniculatum, native from Papua New Guinea to Taiwan to Bangladesh and Sri Lanka.

Certain other species of Clerodendrum with similar flowers.


puriri

Vitex lucens, an evergreen tree endemic to New Zealand.


awara

Borrowed from Guyanese Creole English awara, from Lokono awara.

The food found in its stomach was the seed of the awarra, a species of palm (Aristocaryon spec?)

1841, Robert H[ermann] Schomburgk, “Banded Schizodon. Schizodon fasciatus, Agas.”, in William Jardine, editor, Fishes of Guiana. Part I (The Naturalist’s Library, Ichthyology; III), Edinburgh: W[illiam] H[ome] Lizars, […]; London: S. Highley, […], →OCLC, page 253:

The Ita palm supplies the drink called Belteerie; of the fruit of the Tooroo palm a drink resembling chocolate is made; the Awara palm also yields a drink; the Guava, Souari, and tamarind.

1857, J. O. Bagdon, “Vegetable Products”, in Guiana: Geographical and Historical. […], Georgetown, Demerara, British Guiana: R. Short, →OCLC, pages 16–17:

Handsome bracelets and rings are carved out of the nut of the Awara palm (Astrocaryum Awara); it is black, very hard, and bears a high polish.

1871 September 1, “International Exhibition. The French Pictures.”, in The Art-Journal, volume X (New Series; volume XXXIII overall), London: Virtue & Co., →OCLC, page 220, column 1:

Oil of the awara palm. This palm is very common on the coast of French Guiana; the fruit grows to a fine bunch, and ripens and falls between February and April. It is one of the most useful of trees, for every particle of it is utilized.

1876 June, “France. Cayenne. Report by Consul Wooldridge on the Trade and Commerce of French Guiana for the Year 1875.”, in Reports from Her Majesty’s Consuls on the Manufactures, Commerce, &c., of Their Consular Districts. Part IV. […] (Accounts and Papers; 34 (Commercial Reports—continued)), volume LXXV, London: Harrison and Sons, […], →OCLC, page 850, column 1:

The five principal palms of the British Guiana rivers are the trooly, the aeta, the cocorite, the manicole, and the awarra, and all these grow in the greatest profusion on the banks of the Berbice.

1885, The Gardeners’ Magazine, volume XXVIII, London: Gardeners’ Magazine Office, →OCLC, page 642:

Above Ahwiemah, and upwards until the sandy ridges in the neighbourhood of Youacourie creek are met with, the district is almost a continuous swamp, in which the prickly awarra palms (Astrocaryum) luxuriate and in some places completely line the riverside.

1890 June, [J. J. Quelch], “On the Upper Berbice River”, in J. J. Quelch, editor, Timehri: Being the Journal of the Royal Agricultural and Commercial Society of British Guiana, volume IV (New Series), part I, Demerara: J. Thomson, […]; London: E[dward] Stanford, […], →OCLC, page 317:

An Amerindian informant living in the area stated that it fed on fruits of the Awarra Palm Astrocaryum tucumoides and the Cuyuru Palm A. tucuma.

1976 June 18, E. McLoughlin, P. J. K. Burton, “Notes on the Hawk-headed Parrot Deroptyus accipitrinus”, in J. F. Monk, editor, Bulletin of the British Ornithologists’ Club, volume 96, number 2, London: British Ornithologists’ Club, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 69:

At dawn the beautiful wife asked Bási Kodjó to go off to the forest with her to collect awara palm seeds. [...] Bási Kodjó climbed the awara tree and began picking fruit. Suddenly the woman turned back into her natural form, a Bush Cow, and called out to her relatives. [...] Bási Kodjó had turned himself into a tiny awara palm thorn and hidden by sticking himself into a leaf.

1991, Richard Price, Sally Price, “Introduction: Collective Fabulation”, in Two Evenings in Saramaka, Chicago, Ill., London: University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 18:

This owl nests mostly in cavities in trees. On 23 June 2006, a nest was discovered at Awala-Yalimapo [...]. The nest cavity was situated on top of a dead beheaded awara palm tree Astrocaryum vulgare. The palm tree with a height of c. 5 m and a diameter of c. 15 cm stood in the middle of a small group of bushes, low trees and awara palms next to the parking of the primary school.

2017, Olivier Claessens, Nyls de Pracontal, Johan Ingels, “The Owls of French Guiana”, in Paula L. Enríquez, editor, Neotropical Owls: Diversity and Conservation, Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN, page 426:

(Guyana, chiefly attributively) The palm tree Astrocaryum vulgare which is native to the Amazon Rainforest region.


dong quai

Angelica sinensis
Angelica sinensis#Translingual

Angelica sinensis, a herb native to China, used in traditional Chinese medicine.

當歸 /当归

herb used in traditional Chinese medicine


China root

en-noun

China root (countable and uncountable, plural China roots)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-China root.wav

An East Asian liana of species Smilax china.


robin-run-in-the-hedge

Glechoma hederacea
Glechoma hederacea#Translingual


counter-canter

She used to come to the indoor riding school at Knightsbridge and ride my charger, Foxhunter, which I taught to do counter-canters, extended trots, half-passes and other dressage movements.

2005, James Hewitt, Moving On, →ISBN, page 11:

Before you start teaching your horse to do a flying change, you need to be able to perform counter-canter.

2012, William Micklem, Complete Horse Riding Manual, →ISBN, page 151:

Because it challenges your horse's balance and strengthens his outside hind leg, the counter-canter is an excellent gymnastic exercise for improving balance and collection.

2012, Jennifer O. Bryant, The USDF Guide to Dressage, →ISBN:

(dressage) A canter that is performed in a circle, leading with the leg opposite to the direction of the canter.


devil's herb

From devil + herb. From the suffering of people with the gene OR6A2, who are more sensitive to aldehydes, found in the herb, which impart an unpleasant medicinal taste.

(slang) The herb form of cilantro/coriander.


chadon beni

Borrowed from French chardon béni (“blessed thistle”): chardon (“thistle”) (ultimately from Latin carduus (“wild thistle; artichoke”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *kars- (“to rub, scrape, scratch”)) + béni (past participle of bénir (“to bless”), ultimately from Late Latin benedīcō (“to bless, praise”), from bene (“well”) and dīcō (“speak”)).

der

The people of Trinidad and Tobago also love their shark and bake which they spice with a sauce made from chadon beni (one of the most versatile herbs that is used to spice meats or make a flavoured pepper sauce).

1997, Caricomview: A Monthly Newsletter of the Caricom Secretariat, Georgetown, Guyana: Communications Unit, Caricom Secretariat, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 8:

If you go to Maracas Bay, have shark-and-bake, a spicy fried bread sandwich of fried shark with a variety of sauces such as tamarind, garlic, chadon beni.

1999, Sarah Cameron, Ben Box, editors, Caribbean Islands Handbook 2000: With the Bahamas, 11th edition, Bath, Somerset: Footprint Handbooks, →ISBN, page 970:

This herb is referred to as false cilantro because it resembles and is related to cilantro. It is also known as recao, long coriander, saw-tooth coriander, culantro, or shadow beni.

2005, Lynn Marie Houston, “Major Foods and Ingredients”, in Ken Albala, editor, Food Culture in the Caribbean (Food Culture around the World), Westport, Conn., London: Greenwood Press, Greenwood Publishing Group, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 35:

Over the 10 week period the students were guided in the development of investment profiles for producing 6 products and or commodities: dehydrated hot peppers; dasheen leaves; pasteurized milk (using small scale equipment); sweet corn; Chadon Beni; and Red tilapia.

2006 March, “Technical Cooperation Results – 2005”, in The Contribution of IICA to the Development of Agriculture and Rural Communities in Trinidad and Tobago: Annual Report 2005, Port of Spain, Trinidad: IICA [Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture] Office in Trinidad & Tobago, section 5.5 (Developing Human Capital), page 16, column 2:

Grilled corn with shadon beni butter […] Inspired by a popular Trinidadian herb, I've come up with a more interesting topping: shadon beni butter. […] But don't despair if you can't find shadon beni: cilantro makes an equally delicious butter. By the way, you can use shadon beni butter as a great topping for other simply grilled vegetables and seafood.

2008 April, Steven Raichlen, “Vegetables: Greens Meet Grill”, in The Barbeque! Bible, New York, N.Y.: Workman Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 404, column 2:

The air was spiced with chadon beni and wild thyme, his favourite perfume.

2009, Monique Roffey, The White Woman on the Green Bicycle, New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, published 2011, →ISBN:

Every week I buy my herbs—cive (as it's spelled here) and thyme (sold separately), parsley and chadon beni (a close relative of cilantro)^([sic – meaning culantro])—from the same Rastafarian farmer, who always welcomes me, though this market swims with shoppers, and commerce generally gets in the way of idle chat.

2009, Ann Vanderhoof, “Curry Tabanca: Trinidad”, in The Spice Necklace: A Food-lover’s Caribbean Adventure, Toronto, Ont.: Doubleday Canada, →ISBN, page 190:

This thick sultry stew [callaloo] is simmered from okra, chili peppers, coconut milk, chadon bene, garlic, onion, crab, tubers (including dasheen, whose leaves, resembling a slightly bitter spinach, are also called callaloo), and sometimes various meats.

2010, “Eating and Drinking Well in Trinidad and Tobago”, in Douglas Stallings, Eric Wechter, editors, Fodor’s Trinidad & Tobago, New York, N.Y.: Fodor’s Travel, →ISBN:

Chinese Trinidadian Chicken with Mango Chutney […] [Winnie] Lee Lum finishes the dish with chopped shandon beni leaves, a local herb that tastes like cilantro.

2010, Grace Young, “Poultry and Egg Recipes”, in Stir Frying to the Sky’s Edge: The Ultimate Guide to Mastery with Authentic Recipes and Stories, New York, N.Y., London: Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, page 116, column 1:

Shado beni is similar to cilantro but has a stronger flavor. Look for it in ethnic grocery stores that feature Hispanic or West Indian foods. If not found, it is not a problem—just substitute with cilantro (add a little extra cilantro if you want the stronger flavor you would have gotten with the shado beni).

2011, John Cavazos, Ann Marie Cavazos, “Main Courses and Cooked Sides”, in The Daniel Fast Made Delicious, Lake Mary, Fla.: Siloam, →ISBN, section I (Healthy Eating on the Daniel Fast), page 35:

Eryngium foetidum
Eryngium foetidum#Translingual

(Caribbean) Culantro (Eryngium foetidum), a tropical herb whose leaves are used medicinally and in Caribbean cuisine.


peewah

Borrowed from Trinidadian Creole English peewa, peewah, from Spanish pijguao (Latin America), possibly from Quechua [Term?]. The English word is cognate with Spanish pifá, pivá (Panama), pijuayo (Peru).

The Pewa or Peach palm (Guilielma speciosa) was introduced from Trinidad, and seedlings raised for distribution. The fruits when boiled in water with salt are appreciated as a food.

1910, Department of Agriculture, Legislative Council, Trinidad and Tobago, [Council Paper], Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago: Government Printer, →OCLC, page 16:

This Guilielma [the peach palm or pejibaye (Guilielma gasipaes)] is prized in Trinidad, as well as elsewhere, for its edible fruits; by the natives I have heard it called piliwa and piwa.

[1947 December 27, L[iberty] H[yde] Bailey, Indigenous Palms of Trinidad and Tobago (Gentes Herbarum: Occasional Papers on the Kinds of Plants), volume VII, fascicle IV, Ithaca, N.Y.: Bailey Hortorium of The New York State College of Agriculture, Cornell University, →OCLC, page 353:

Nonconventional sources with development potential include: [...] wild plants such as gru gru, pewa (peach nut), many weeds and, possibly, the seeds of seaside grapes, fat pork, etc.

1984, Jeffrey W. Dellimore, Judy A. Whitehead, Secondary Agrobased Industries: ECCM and Barbados (Caribbean Technology Policy Studies Project; 90), Mona, Jamaica: Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies, →OCLC, page 79:

Bactris gasipaes
Bactris gasipaes#Translingual

A peach palm (Bactris gasipaes), a South American palm tree.


Korean melon

en-noun

Korean melon (countable and uncountable, plural Korean melons)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Korean melon.wav

A type of muskmelon (Cucumis melo), cultivated in East Asia for their edible fruit.


crestmarine

From French christe-marine, influenced by crest, as if a reference to its coastal habitat.


semencine

Probably from Latin semen + ? (cf. original taxonomic name Artemisia cina), so meaning something like "cina seed"


elaichi

elaichi (countable and uncountable, plural elaichis)

From Hindustani الائچی / इलायची (ilāycī).


snake bean

Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis#Translingual

Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis, a widely cultivated edible legume.


summer savory

Satureja hortensis
Satureja hortensis#Translingual


nutrush

Any of the genus Scleria of flowering plants in the sedge family, Cyperaceae.


sweet marjoram

Origanum majorana
Origanum majorana#Translingual

Origanum majorana, a fragrant species of marjoram.


Duras

Uncertain. There is no known connection with the Côtes de Duras east of Bordeaux.

A traditional French red wine grape mostly grown around the river Tarn, northeast of Toulouse.


scarlet eggplant

Ethiopian nightshade
Ethiopian nightshade#English

Synonym of Ethiopian nightshade (Solanum aethiopicum).


gilo

Borrowed from Portuguese giló, jiló, from Kimbundu njilu.

Fruit of the scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum)


agastache

Coined by John Clayton from Ancient Greek ἄγαν (ágan, “very much”) + Ancient Greek στάχυς (stákhus, “ear of grain”)

der

A plant of genus Agastache, a giant hyssop.


burnet saxifrage

The plant's leaves resemble those of a burnet, and it has a diuretic effect similar to saxifrage; however, it is neither a burnet nor a saxifrage.

Pimpinella saxifraga
Pimpinella saxifraga#Translingual

Pimpinella saxifraga, a plant of the family Apiaceae.


Indian berry

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Indian berry.wav

Anamirta cocculus, a climbing plant of India and southeast Asia.


corn silk

Alternative form of cornsilk (a colour of yellow that is like that of these fibres)


sugar snap pea

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sugar snap pea.wav


cornfest

Greater sandhill cranes take wing after a cornfest near the Rio Grande.

1982, America's Wildlife Sampler, page 138:

The cornfests later attracted as many as two hundred families, who came on the day the corn ripened to perfection.

1996, William P. Everts, Stockwell of Minneapolis: A Pioneer of Social and Political Conscience:

(US) A festival celebrating the harvesting of a corn crop.


chia seed

An edible seed of Salvia hispanica, a flowering plant in the mint family native to Central America, or of the related Salvia columbariae of southwestern United States and Mexico.


rock samphire

en-noun

rock samphire (countable and uncountable, plural rock samphires)

Crithmum maritimum
Crithmum maritimum#Translingual

Crithmum maritimum (sea fennel), native to temperate seacoasts of Europe.


split pea

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-split pea.wav

Pisum sativum
Pisum sativum#Translingual

(botany, cooking) An agricultural or culinary preparation consisting of the dried, peeled, and split seeds of Pisum sativum, the pea.

poolikud herned

dried, peeled, and split seeds of the pea


water-shield

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-water-shield.wav

Brasenia schreberi
Wikispecies:Brasenia schreberi

An aquatic herbaceous flowering plant widely distributed in North America, the West Indies, northern South America, East Asia, Australia, the Indian Subcontinent, and parts of Africa (Brasenia schreberi).


winter savory

winter savory (usually uncountable, plural winter savories)

A perennial herb, Satureja montana, used in cooking as a substitute for the annual summer savory.


stakeswinner

(horse racing) A winner of a stakes race


balm of Gilead

A rare perfume produced in Gilead and used medicinally, mentioned in the Bible. It is sometimes thought to have come from the plant Commiphora gileadensis, and sometimes from a terebinth tree in the genus Pistacia.


stakeswinning

(horse racing) Having won a stakes race.


sweet horsemint

(US) The common dittany, Cunila origanoides.


guinea grains

guinea grains pl (normally plural, singular guinea grain)

From its native range in West Africa, formerly generally known as Guinea, q.v.

The tooth is plugged with a pounded mixture of the root of the lime tree and Guinea grains.

1904, Journal of the African Society, number 3, page 374:

grains of paradise
grains of paradise#English


winter book

(horse racing) A bookmaker's guide to the likely performance of racehorses in the upcoming season.


ewedu

Corchorus olitorius
Corchorus olitorius#Translingual

(Nigeria) The jute mallow, Corchorus olitorius.

(Nigeria) A Yoruba soup made from this vegetable.


rattlesnake root

rattlesnake root (countable and uncountable, plural rattlesnake roots)

(botany) A plant of the genus Prenanthes.


urad dal

From Hindi उड़द दाल (uṛad dāl); see urad + dal.

(India, cooking) A bean (Vigna mungo) or a dish made from it.


susumber

susumber (countable and uncountable, plural susumbers)

Perhaps related to Ewe súsruba and/or sū́sùmɛ, sū́sumɛ (an aromatic soup-plant, sometimes identified as Solanum torvum or another Solanum) or Twi Akan nsúsŭaa (a kind of pot-herb; related to ǹsú (“water”)?) + mma, mbá (“offspring, young (plants, etc)”).

The reaction of all these was alkaline from ammonia. The stomach contained a good many susumber berries, which were readily recognised by their seeds accompanying them. The mucous coat of the stomach was in its natural condition.

1868, Edinburgh Medical Journal, page 400:

[...], several cases are recorded by Dr. Manners, of Jamaica, W.I., of poisoning by the susumber berries, of which one proved fatal, and several others recovered, probably in consequence of the early evacuation of the stomach ...

1881, George Bacon Wood, Franklin Bache, The Dispensatory of the United States of America, page 383:

A small thorny bush, susumber grows in Jamaica both wild and in cultivation. It is also known as "gully bean" because of its typical sites of growth. It bears in abundance a bitter berry about one centimetre in diameter ...

2008, B. W. Higman, Jamaican Food: History, Biology, Culture, University of West Indies Press:

Five family members in New York City suffered gastrointestinal distress, dizziness, slurred speech, cranial nerve deficits, and ataxia the next morning after consumption of an evening meal containing susumber berries.

2013, T. K. Lim, Edible Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Plants: Volume 6, Fruits, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 438:

Solanum torvum
Solanum torvum#Translingual

(usually uncountable) Solanum torvum, a bushy, spiny perennial plant: a wild eggplant.


gully bean

So called because the bushes grow wild, especially in gullies, and the bean-like fruits are used to season certain foods.

Preserves here featured a number of products in brine, namely gully beans, corn, carrot and breadfruit. Other exhibits here included pineapple, cucumber, pickle, castor oil, banana, vinegar, pepper pot soup in bottles.

They go up into the hills to pick gully beans, up into deep green spicy woods with the sun hot in dappled patches on the men's glistening backs, with strange birds screeching and goats neighing loudly in the afternoon air.

2008, Jane Covernton, Cutlass Time, →ISBN, page 187:

“Steam fish, bananas, dumplings, gully beans and okra.” “You cooked that kind of food on a Sunday? Was I so fast asleep that you couldn't wake me up and ask me what I wanted? Gully beans, what's that?” “Susumber, it's good to cook with ...”

2016, Austin Mitchell, Uptown Lovers, →ISBN:

A fruit of a wild eggplant or susumber plant (Solanum torvum).


wild eggplant

It feeds normally on the so called wild eggplant, Solanum torvum, and it is on this plant that it is able to survive during the intervals between crops, [...]

1917, R. T. Cotton, “The eggplant Lace-Bug in Porto Rico”, in Economic Entomology: Pamphlets, page 23:

the characteristic Verticillium fungus of eggplants being obtained from the following: Bonny Best tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.), [...] Solanum carolinense L., S. rostratum Dunal., S. integrifolium Poir., S. torvum (wild eggplant from Porto Rico), S. eleagnifolium Cav., S. marginatum Linn., and S. pyraconthum Jacq.

1918, I. C. Jagger, V. B. Stewart, “Some Verticillium Diseases”, in Phytopathology, page 18:

Incidentally, it might be well also to destroy all wild eggplants, Solanum torvum, near commercial plantings, for numerous other insect pests, as well as the lacewing bug, occur on both hosts.

1933, George Norton Wolcott, An Economic Entomology of the West Indies:

[…]
2 cups coconut milk
1/4 cup small to medium-size prawns, shelled
Salt
1 cup wild eggplant (terung pipit or Solanum torvum)
2 red chillies
1/2 cup grated coconut, roasted
[…]

2009, Coconut recipes from around the world, Bioversity International, →ISBN, page 225:

A wild eggplant (Solanum torvum) derived StoVe1 gene resulted in enhanced resistance to Verticillium dahliae infection (Liu et al., 2012).

2016, Muhammad Sarwar Khan, Iqrar Ahmad Khan, Debmalya Barh, Applied Molecular Biotechnology: The Next Generation of Genetic Engineering, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 70:

A turkey berry bush (Solanum torvum), or its edible fruit.


pea eggplant

The pea eggplants impart a delicious bitterness to the relish. Occasionally these eggplants are grilled before being added, altering their taste and making them wonderfully nutty.

2002, David Thompson, Thai Food, Random House Digital, Inc., →ISBN, page 195:

Fruits of the pea eggplant are mostly collected from the wild. In cultivation some care is required, [...] but pea eggplant is a very sturdy crop that grows without much care.

2004, G. J. H. Grubben, Vegetables, PROTA, →ISBN, page 503:

A wild eggplant, of species Solanum torvum, or its fruit (susumber or turkey berries).


Mexican bush sage

Mexican bush sage (usually uncountable, plural Mexican bush sages)

A shrubby sage native to central and eastern Mexico, Salvia leucantha, grown in subtropical, dry climates for its ornamental flower stems covered in bright blue or purple velvety hairs, and for its relative drought tolerance.


white sage

white sage (usually uncountable, plural white sages)

Salvia apiana, a sage native to southern California and neighboring Baja California west of the desert, an important nectar source for sage honey.


perovskia

(botany) Any of the genus Perovskia of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae.


leather-coat

An apple with a rough rind, the Golden Russet.


wild onion

Coordinate term: wild garlic

(botany) Any of a large number of noncultivated plants that smell similar to, or otherwise resemble, onions, especially in the genus Allium.


twincrest onion

twincrest onion (plural twincrest onions)

Allium bisceptrum
Allium bisceptrum#Translingual

A wild herb with an onion-like flavor, Allium bisceptrum, native to high elevations in the western US


stanmarch

From Middle English stanmarche, from Old English stānmerċe, compound of stān (“stone”) + merċe (“smallage”).

The A. S. name [mersc] passed into Old Eng. and survived to Turner’s time ; but now occurs only in Stanmarch, which has been transferred from the Parsley to the allied Alexanders, or Horse-parsley (Smyrnium Olusatrum, L.) a plant formerly much cultivated for salads.

1877 January 11, Thomas Comber, “The etymology of plant names, Part II. Kitchen-vegetables and salad-plants”, in Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire, page 62:

The herb was also known as Stanmarch. It grows on waste places by rivers near the sea, having been formerly cultivated like celery, which has now supplanted it.

1897, William Thomas Fernie, Herbal Simples Approved for Modern Uses of Cure, Lettuce, page 313:

(archaic) Smyrnium olusatrum, alexanders, horse parsley, an herb of the umbellifer family.


maloga bean

[T]he silent melaleuca trees and paperbark woodland, decorated for Christmas with bouquets of red mistletoe flowers and the sleepy olive vines of wild medicine and maloga beans.

2006, Alexis Wright, Carpentaria, Giramondo, published 2012, page 294:

(Australia) The pencil yam, Vigna lanceolata.


rattlesnake weed

Any of several plants used in folk medicine to treat snakebites.


Japanese pumpkin

Japanese pumpkin (plural Japanese pumpkins)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Japanese pumpkin.wav


brightleaf

From bright + leaf: the leaves turn yellow when heated.

A variety of tobacco that grows well on infertile land.


dokha

From Arabic دَوْخَة (dawḵa, “dizziness”), in reference to the effects of its high nicotine content.

A form of uncured, minimally processed tobacco from the Middle East.


Oriental tobacco

Nicotiana tabacum
Nicotiana tabacum#Translingual

A sun-cured, highly aromatic, small-leafed variety of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) grown in Turkey, Greece, Bulgaria, Lebanon, and the Republic of Macedonia.


Turkish tobacco

Oriental tobacco
Oriental tobacco#English


wild tobacco

Nicotiana rustica
Nicotiana rustica#Translingual

a very strong tobacco, of species Nicotiana rustica.


break one's maiden

en-verb

break one's maiden (third-person singular simple present breaks one's maiden, present participle breaking one's maiden, simple past broke one's maiden, past participle broken one's maiden)

breaks one's maiden (present singular third-person)
breaking one's maiden (participle present)
broke one's maiden (past)
broken one's maiden (participle past)

(horse racing) Of a racehorse or jockey: to achieve victory in a race for the first time.


Pink Lady

en-noun

Pink Lady (countable and uncountable, plural Pink Ladies)

(historical, military, uncountable) A denaturant mixture added to discourage World War II-era US Navy submariners from drinking "torpedo juice".


beech nut

The edible nut of the beech tree, Fagus.


butter fruit

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-butter fruit.wav


rabbiteye

A type of blueberry (Vaccinium virgatum)


on the rails

(horse racing) Racing toward the inside, near the fence that bounds the track.


okoume

Borrowed from certain Gabonese Bantu (Cf. Myene okumé, Viya okumé, Tsogo okumé) via French okoumé.

Aucoumea klaineana, an African hardwood.


dippy eggs

dippy eggs pl (normally plural, singular dippy egg)

(UK, Pennsylvania) Eggs cooked over easy or soft-boiled.


pulasan

The fruit of the tropical tree Nephelium ramboutan-ake (syn. N. mutabile)


barrier rogue

(Australia, horse racing) A racehorse that is difficult to control when being put into the starting gates.


curly kale

curly kale (countable and uncountable, plural curly kales)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-curly kale.wav

The most common form of kale, with crinkly rather than smooth leaves.


change the leg

en-verb

change the leg (third-person singular simple present changes the leg, present participle changing the leg, simple past and past participle changed the leg)

changes the leg (present singular third-person)
changing the leg (participle present)
changed the leg (participle past)
changed the leg (past)

(equestrianism) To change the gait of a horse while riding.


rice bean

Vigna umbellata
Vigna umbellata#Translingual

A bean plant of species Vigna umbellata, a food and fodder crop of Asia.


khella

Visnaga daucoides
Visnaga daucoides#Translingual

The plant Visnaga daucoides (syn. Ammi visnaga).


running rail

(horse racing) A fence which marks the inside edge of a racecourse track.


shellflower

A floating aquatic plant, Pistia stratiotes, with green rosettes of leaves and inconspicuous flowers.

A plant in the mint family grown for its distinctive circular green calyxes.


hitching rail

A horizontal rail with vertical supports to which a horse can be hitched, or tied up to.


Stinking Bishop

en-noun

Stinking Bishop (countable and uncountable, plural Stinking Bishops)

A reference to Frederick (or Percy) Bishop, who owned Moorcroft Farm in the early 1800s and was presumably the cultivar's breeder; he is said to have had an ugly temperament.

Stinking Bishop cheese
Stinking Bishop pear

(countable) A pear of a variety bred near Dymock in Gloucestershire, England, primarily for perry.

(countable, uncountable) A washed-rind cheese made from the milk of Gloucester cattle and immersed in perry made from Stinking Bishop pears.


garlion

The garlion is a cross between the garlic and onion; the topeppo combines the tomato and the pepper. We have the odorless onion, the odorless cabbage, the lemon cucumber that grows on a vine but looks like a lemon, and a giant cucumber

1936, The Reader's Digest, volume 29, page 99:

Garlions are being offered on the market as a compromise cross between garlic and onions for those who cannot quite make up their minds to take garlic to their bosom.

1937, Consumers' Guide, volume 4, page 12:

Garlion isn't what the growers were looking for, but it has made a hit with customers at Dean & DeLuca, a New York specialty food store that sells the bulbs for $2.25 to $2.95 a pound.

(obsolete, very rare) A hybrid vegetable resulting from a cross between garlic and onion.


sea parsnip

An umbelliferous plant of the genus Echinophora.


devil's walking stick

devil's walking stick (plural devil's walking sticks)

Aralia spinosa
Aralia spinosa#Translingual

Aralia spinosa, a woody plant native to eastern North America.


mahleb

From Arabic مَحْلَب (maḥlab, “mahaleb cherry”), from حَلَبَ (ḥalaba, “to milk”).

der

What makes them [(kahke)] unique is the fragrant mahleb (also spelled mahlab or mahaleb)—a spice ground from wild cherry kernels, with a flavor reminiscent of fresh cherries—elusive, but fruity and very pleasant.

2010, Richard Sax, Classic Home Desserts: A Treasury of Heirloom and Contemporary Recipes, page 287:

Prunus mahaleb
Prunus mahaleb#Translingual

A Middle Eastern spice derived from the pit of the mahaleb cherry (Prunus mahaleb)


Magellan barberry

en-noun

Magellan barberry (plural Magellan barberries)

The shrub Berberis microphylla and its edible berry, native to southern Chile


sea wormwood

Artemisia maritima, a European wormwood.


over hard

(US) Of an egg prepared as food, fried on both sides all the way through, with the yolk intact.


black gram

black gram (usually uncountable, plural black grams)

A bean from the seed of Vigna mungo, native to the Indian subcontinent.


winetree

From Middle English wintre, variant of vyne-tre, from Old English wīntrēow, from Proto-West Germanic *wīnatreu, from Proto-Germanic *wīnatrewą, equivalent to wine + tree.

The third was clad as though she were wading the wheat-field to the waist, and above was wrapped in the leaves and bunches of the wine-tree.

1890, William Morris, The Roots of the Mountains:

They grow in springtime on the bottom part of the winetrees and has^([sic]) to be cut in order to get better quality and quantity of wine.

1900, Andre Arnold, Lecture Notes in Computer Science:

The prince who bought the winetrees, who bestowed priceless gifts—I pity Mumha, which he has left to go into the high tomb of Oirbhealach.

Perhaps apachiras.....etc., were certain groups of trees in the vineyard or some standard of selling the winetrees.

1954, Journal of the Oriental Institute, volume 4, page 216:

One of his followers, a southerner,—sudrmadr, or German, as he is assumed to have been,—having wandered, he reported on his return the discovery of wine-trees and grapes; and hence the name of Vineland, given to the locality.

1981, Sir Daniel Wilson, The Lost Atlantis and Other Ethnographic Studies:

the bats are turning
sated from the winetree
and flap drunkenly homeward […]

1997, Merlie M. Alunan, Amina Among the Angels, page 82:


meadow clary

A tall perennial Old World salvia with violet-blue flowers; found in open grasslands, Salvia pratensis.


bells of Ireland

bells of Ireland (plural bells of Ireland)

A plant in the mint family grown for its distinctive green cup-like circular calyxes, Moluccella laevis


desert lavender

desert lavender (plural desert lavenders)

(US) A fragrant shrub with bluish flowers, Hyptis emoryi or Condea emoryi, native to the deserts of southwestern North America.


woolly bluecurls

woolly bluecurls (plural woolly bluecurls)

(US) A fragrant and drought-tolerant shrub in the mint family native to southern California and neighboring Mexico (Trichostema lanatum), which is grown for its striking woolly inflorescences.


wood sage

An herb in the mint family, Teucrium scorodonia.


cat thyme

cat thyme (usually uncountable, plural cat thymes)

A low-growing herb, Teucrium marum, related to germander, which has a pungent scent that causes sneezing, but is attractive to cats.


obedient plant

A flowering plant in the mint family, Physostegia virginiana, native to eastern North America and known for the way that individual flowers stay in the position they're moved to when pushed to one side or the other.


American pennyroyal

American pennyroyal (plural American pennyroyals)

A pennyroyal-scented herb of eastern North America, Hedeoma pulegioides.


Russian sage

A shrub related to sage, Salvia yangii (syn. Perovskia atriplicifolia).


lemonquat

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-lemonquat.wav


sunquat

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sunquat.wav


mandarinquat

Citrus reticulata
Citrus reticulata#Translingual

A citrus tree, a cross between a mandarin and a kumquat, Citrus japonica × Citrus reticulata.


Meyer lemon

Named after American explorer Frank Nicholas Meyer (1875–1918).

named-after

Mr. Farzan’s narrow backyard in Brooklyn’s South Slope neighborhood is a lush, if slightly chaotic, oasis. There are Fuji apples, Meyer lemons, figs, peonies and avocados — although that’s far from a complete census of all that grows there.

2023 September 29, Molly Fitzpatrick, “He’s the Pawpaw King of Brooklyn. (What’s a Pawpaw?)”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

A citrus tree native to China, a cross between a citron and a mandarin/pomelo hybrid, Citrus × meyeri.


sour corn

sour (“tart”) + corn, possibly influenced by the first element of German saure Bohnen (literally “sour beans”) and Sauerkraut (“sauerkraut”).

cog

"I always thought that sour corn was the European tradition of sour cabbage brought over and applied to local ingredients," explains April. But after talking to a Cherokee folklorist, she came to understand "that sour corn was already a Native American tradition that Europeans raised on sour cabbage had a taste for."

2012, Sandor Ellix Katz, The Art of Fermentation: An In-depth Exploration of Essential Concepts, page 215:

Appalachian Sour Corn […] Saure Bohnen translates to “sourbeans” and is a traditional German dish. […] [S]ettlers from the Palatinate region who brought the practice to Appalachia were fermenting green beans in large crocks to be consumed through the winter. Think sauerkraut, only with green beans. And since that method is so adaptable, they quickly adapted it to fresh corn. […] The sugar and starch give sour corn a rounder, fuller presence in the mouth, […]

2016, Ronni Lundy, Victuals: An Appalachian Journey, with Recipes, Clarkson Potter, →ISBN, page 118:

Sour corn could always be found in one of those mysterious crocks that sat in the dark and musky basement at my grandma's house.

2019, Sean Brock, South: Essential Recipes and New Explorations, page 272:

Southern United States
Southern United States

Lactofermented pickled corn, a dish eaten in the Southern United States, especially in Appalachia.


anise hyssop

A North American anise-scented herb in the mint family, Agastache foeniculum, grown for its fragrance, flowers, and for herb tea.


pitcher sage

(California) A sage with large red, pitcher-shaped flowers, Salvia spathacea, native to California and grown there for its fragrance and its tolerance of both drought and shade.

(California) Any plant of the genus Lepechinia in the mint family, several of which are native to southern California and also grown there for fragrance, shade tolerance and drought tolerance


hummingbird sage

en-noun

hummingbird sage (plural hummingbird sages)

(California) The pitcher sage, Salvia spathacea, a fragrant sage native to California, with large red flowers much loved by hummingbirds.


Cleveland sage

Cleveland sage (countable and uncountable, plural Cleveland sages)

(California) A drought-tolerant, sweetly fragrant sage (Salvia clevelandii) native to the Cleveland National Forest in southernmost California and to neighboring Baja California in Mexico.


rose sage

(US) A sage with showy rose-colored bracts and purple flowers native to desert mountains in southern California, Arizona, and Nevada, Salvia pachyphylla.


carpet bugle

Spreading ground covers for shady areas include dead nettles (Lamium) and carpet bugles (Ajuga), with attractively variegated leaves.

2021, Allan Haschick, Gardening in the Shade in South Africa:


pellamountain

Moreover nature's liberal hand decketh many of the sea cliffs with wild hyssop, sage, pellamountain, marjoram, rosemary, and suchlike well-savouring herbs.

1953, Richard Carew, Frank Ernest Halliday, John Norden, The survey of Cornwall &c, page 101:

Since he had known her, Metty always drank pellamountain tea in the early morning.

Thymus serpyllum
Thymus serpyllum#Translingual


eggel

Ron Allen and his wife, Libby, were enjoying their favorite breakfast, the eggel, an egg on bagel.

2015 August 16, E. B. Furgurson III, “Chick and Ruth's Delly: After half a century, it's still about family”, in Capital Gazette:

Try out the combo meals or even the eggels.

2018 March 2, Anastasia Carter, Eve Gross, “Best Restaurants In The 419”, in The Student Prints, Sylvania Northview High School, page 14:

Our whole menu is offered all day for those who want a lunch sandwich in the morning or an eggel in the afternoon.

2018, “No. 1 Sandwich Shop...AGAIN!!”, in Minot Daily News Readers' Choice 2018, page 13:


eggwich

Stop in the morning for espresso and the pita eggwich (scrambled eggs, peppers, onions and diced tomatoes with provolone).

2000, Nancy Woodworth, Richard Woodworth, Getaways for Gourmets in the Northeast, page 266:

In Stewart's, waiting for his bagel to toast, Anthony launched into some abbreviated Grunt and Grumble with the other men picking up coffee and eggwiches.

2007, Jon Katz, Dog Days: Dispatches from Bedlam Farm, page 119:

John butted a cigarette in the ashtray, got out of the car with his twenty-four-ounce coffee and sausage eggwich.

2018, Liam Sweeny, Street Whispers, unnumbered page:

A sandwich with an egg filling or egg patty.


female ginseng

Angelica sinensis
Angelica sinensis#Translingual


Alaskan ginseng

Synonym of devil's club (“the plant Oplopanax horridus”)


rush nut

Cyperus esculentus
Cyperus esculentus#Translingual

The plant Cyperus esculentus, having edible tubers.


woolly nightshade

woolly nightshade (plural woolly nightshades)

(especially New Zealand) Solanum mauritianum, a pest plant native to South America.


yellow nightshade

yellow nightshade (plural yellow nightshades)

Solanum villosum
Solanum villosum#Translingual


red nightshade

Phytolacca americana
Phytolacca americana#Translingual

A plant of species Phytolacca americana syn. Phytolacca decandra


hairy nightshade

hairy nightshade (plural hairy nightshades)


small nightshade

small nightshade (plural small nightshades)


silverleaf nightshade

silverleaf nightshade (plural silverleaf nightshades)


buffalobur

An herb native to most of the US and to northern Mexico, of species Solanum rostratum


buffalobur nightshade

buffalobur nightshade (plural buffalobur nightshades)


buffaloburr nightshade

buffaloburr nightshade (plural buffaloburr nightshades)

buffalobur nightshade
buffalobur nightshade#English

Alternative form of buffalobur nightshade


buffalo-bur nightshade

buffalo-bur nightshade (plural buffalo-bur nightshades)


tall nightshade

tall nightshade (plural tall nightshades)


green nightshade

green nightshade (plural green nightshades)


Bambara nut

Bambara groundnut
Bambara groundnut#English


five finger

five finger (countable and uncountable, plural five fingers)

Pseudopanax arboreus, a New Zealand tree with compound leaves with five to seven 'fingers' and thick, leathery leaves with large teeth. A small, many-branched, round-headed tree with thick, brittle, spreading branches.


pepino melon

A South American plant in the nightshade family Solanaceae, cultivated for its melon-like fruit, Solanum muricatum.


black radish

A root vegetable of the family Brassicaceae cultivated for its edible root that has a tough black or dull brown skin and white flesh, Raphanus sativus var. niger


kadarka

From Hungarian kadarka, from Serbo-Croatian kadarka. Compare Romanian cadarcă.

A dark-skinned variety of grape grown primarily in Hungary.


urfa biber

/ˈɜːfə ˌbibə/

/ˈʊəfə ˌbibɛə/

/ˈʊɹfə ˌbibɛɹ/

From Turkish Urfa biber, from Urfa + biber (“pepper”).

Urfa biber is uniquely delicious—it has a fruity, roasted flavor—and worth seeking out at specialty spice merchants.

2014 April 15, Lucy Vaserfirer, Marinades: The Quick-Fix Way to Turn Everyday Food Into Exceptional Fare, with 400 Recipes, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 258:

Rich, raisiny, smoky, coffee goodness: that is the flavor of urfa biber.

2014 October 7, Amanda Bevill, Julie Kramis Hearne, World Spice at Home: New Flavors for 75 Favorite Dishes, Sasquatch Books, →ISBN, page 42:

Paprika, allspice, and urfa biber impart warmth and richness to meat dishes and soups, while cinnamon is added to sweet dishes, especially in eastern Turkey.

2018 April 10, Stuart Farrimond, The Science of Spice: Understand Flavour Connections and Revolutionize your Cooking, Dorling Kindersley Ltd, →ISBN, page 23:

A smoky, sweet-and-sour variety of pepper cultivated in and around Şanlıurfa.


vinetree

From Middle English vyne-tre (modified after vine (“grapevine”)), from Old English wīntrēow, from Proto-Germanic *wīnatrewą, equivalent to vine + tree.

All the dayes of his ſeparation ſhall he eat nothing that is made of the vine tree, from the kernels euen to the huſke.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Numbers 6:4:

Here note, how Chriſt calleth planely his Cup the fruit of the vinetree; but the fruit of the vinetree is very natural wine[…]

1753, Gloceſter Ridley, “Book VII”, in The Life of Dr. Nicholas Ridley ſometime Biſhop of London […] , page 496:

The visible church of God is here compared to the vine-tree, as is evident by God's own explanation of the allegory, in ver, 6–8.

1839, Jonathan Edwards, The Works of Jonathan Edwards, A.M.: With an Essay on His Genius and Writings, volume 2, page 125:


caneberry

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-caneberry.wav

Any fruit (such as a raspberry or blackberry) that grows on thin, woody canes


creamy snuff

creamy snuff (countable and uncountable, plural creamy snuffs)

A paste consisting of tobacco, clove oil, glycerin, spearmint, menthol, and camphor, sold in a toothpaste tube, and marketed as a dentifrice, allowing the user to ingest nicotine without consuming it via the smoking or chewing of tobacco.


duck potato

A North American water plant with edible tubers, especially

broadleaf arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia)

arum-leaved arrowhead (Sagittaria cuneata)


common ivy

common ivy (usually uncountable, plural common ivies)

The main European species of ivy, Hedera helix


Chinese chive

Allium tuberosum
Allium tuberosum#Translingual


mahaleb cherry

mahaleb cherry (usually uncountable, plural mahaleb cherries)

A species of cherry, Prunus mahaleb, whose pits are used as a spice called mahleb


Asiatic pennywort

Asiatic pennywort (usually uncountable, plural Asiatic pennyworts)

Centella asiatica
Centella asiatica#Translingual

A low-growing South Asian herb in the celery family, Centella asiatica, eaten as a green for flavor and used in traditional medicine


wild plum

Amelanchier (serviceberry), a genus in the Rosaceae producing small fruits lacking a pit.


toothpickweed

toothpickweed (countable and uncountable, plural toothpickweeds)


alubukhara

Ultimately from Persian آلوی بخارا (âlu-ye boxârâ).

A cultivar of plum found in Turkestan, Iran and the South Caucasus, commonly eaten as a prune (dried plum).


moth bean

Etymology tree
Prakrit *𑀫𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (*mŏṭṭha)
Hindi मोठ (moṭh)bor.
English moth bean
Borrowed from Hindi मोठ (moṭh), from Prakrit *𑀫𑁄𑀝𑁆𑀞 (*mŏṭṭha). See there for more.

etymon

Any legume of species Vigna aconitifolia.


yu choy

Seventeen brassica vegetables, that is, mustard greens, baby mustard greens, gai choy, baby gai choy, yu choy, yu choy tip, bok choy, baby bok choy, bok choy sum, Taiwan bok choy, Shanghai bok choy, baby Shanghai bok choy, napa and baby napa, rapini broccoli, and turnip greens, were bought in local food stores in Maryland.

2010 May 14, Long-Ze Lin, James M Harnly, “Phenolic Component Profiles of Mustard Greens, Yu Choy, and 15 Other Brassica Vegetables”, in J Agric Food Chem, volume 58, number 11, →DOI:

Chinese yu choy is one of the sweetest-tasting Chinese leafy green vegetables available, especially when they are picked when young and tender.

2016 January 19, “Easy Chinese yu choy sum”, in The Woks of Life:

A variety of Brassica known as B. rapa var. oleifera or B. campestris, related to choy sum and bok choy.


saguaro fruit

The fruit of the saguaro cactus, Carnegiea gigantea


kaffir cabbage

Following a common pattern of naming South African flora and fauna kaffir (originally a neutral term for Bantu, now offensive) followed by a similar European plant or animal.

(archaic) spiderwisp; Gynandropsis gynandra


spiderwisp

en-noun

spiderwisp (countable and uncountable, plural spiderwisps)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-spiderwisp.wav

Gynandropsis gynandra, a plant of family Cleomaceae, native to Africa but widely cultivated as a vegetable.


garden egg

A plant or fruit of certain species of eggplant:

(West Africa) scarlet eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum).


kurrat

Allium ampeloprasum
Allium ampeloprasum#Translingual

Allium kurrat
Allium kurrat#Translingual

Egyptian leek; considered a variety of Allium ampeloprasum (Allium ampeloprasum var. kurrat) or a species Allium kurrat


flagfall

Boyce took him ahead at the flagfall , with the Hughes horse in pursuit

June 22, 2020, David Milnes, The Lir Jet swoops late to deny Wesley Ward's Golden Pal in Norfolk in The Racing Post
The result looked unlikely soon after flagfall when Wesley Ward's Golden Pal blazed a trail down the centre of the track under Andrea Atzeni

(horse racing) The start of a horse race


Pedro Ximénez

A grape variety grown in several Spanish wine regions


nipplefruit

She also came up with an elaborate hairdo using a picture of green tomatoes and, in a cheeky flourish, created a pink bulbous top made of a tropical fruit known as nipplefruit.

2020 May 20, Sara Aridi, “A Stylish Take on an Old-Fashioned Craft”, in The New York Times:

Solanum mammosum, an inedible tropical fruit native to South America.


wild almond

A tree of any of several species, similar in fruit to P. amygdalus

Prunus fasciculata, native to the southwestern United States


catànies

Crema Catalana is used in stuffed fruits, such as Peres de Lleida, pears from Lleida, one of the oldest towns in Catalonia; Catànies, Catalan marcona sweetened almonds; Mató de Pedralbes, a Catalan cream treat from Barcelona; Manjar blanco, a Spanish blancmange eaten throughout the Spanish-speaking world; and Xuixos, a deep-fried custard-filled cylindrical pastry.

2014, Timothy G. Roufs Ph.D., Kathleen Smyth Roufs, Sweet Treats Around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture:

Other sweet treats include catànies, chocolate-covered Catalan almonds, nutty galetas (biscuits), melindros (ladyfingers) and many varieties of torró (nougat).

2017, Insight Guides, Experience Barcelona:

The rest of the dinner went on with a tense normality and, as soon as we had our catànies and coffee, we said goodbye to the family, alluding to the fact that we had to get up early in the morning.

2020, Miquel Àngel Lopezosa Criado, p53: The Molecule of Life:

A Catalan sweet made from almonds coated in caramel and powdered chocolate.


topato

Synonym of pomato (“potato–tomato hybrid”)


A-choy

Ultimately from Hokkien 萵仔菜／莴仔菜 (e-á-chhài). Compare Taiwanese A菜 (ēi-cài).

zh-m

萵仔菜／莴仔菜 (e-á-chhài)


corn pudding

en-noun

corn pudding (countable and uncountable, plural corn puddings)

(US) A creamy food made chiefly from stewed corn.


stubbard

They sometimes seem to be like the apples on our stubbard-tree.

1891, Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d'Urbervilles, volume 1, London: James R. Osgood, McIlvaine and Co., page 53:


guggy egg

(Ireland) A dish for a young child consisting of a soft-to-medium boiled egg with butter, salt, and pepper, served mashed in a cup.


add to the list

en-verb

add to the list (third-person singular simple present adds to the list, present participle adding to the list, simple past and past participle added to the list)

adds to the list (present singular third-person)
adding to the list (participle present)
added to the list (participle past)
added to the list (past)

Sabinus has been added to the list.

(transitive, slang, dated, horse racing) To geld (a horse).


lavandin

en-noun

lavandin (usually uncountable, plural lavandins)

Abbreviation of translingual Lavandula × intermedia.

Lavandula angustifolia
Lavandula angustifolia#Translingual

A commercially important type of lavender, Lavandula × intermedia, which is a hybrid between English lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and spike lavender, (Lavandula latifolia), combining the sweeter fragrance of the former with the stronger, faster growth of the latter.


June plum

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-June plum.wav

Spondias dulcis
Spondias dulcis#Translingual

(Jamaica, Bermuda) Spondias dulcis or its fruit.


french-fried potatoes

french-fried potatoes pl (normally plural, singular french-fried potato)

There had to be a secret something to make french fries that good. / Now, to most people, a french-fried potato is a pretty uninspiring object. It’s fodder, something to kill time chewing between bites of hamburger and swallows of milk shake. That’s your ordinary french fry. The McDonald’s french fry was in an entirely different league.

1977, Ray Kroc, Robert Anderson, Grinding It Out: The Making of McDonald’s, Contemporary Books, →ISBN, page 9:

He ate quickly, as it is easy to do with fried food—opening a tartar sauce, dipping pieces of fish, lifting a few french fries, stabbing them into the ketchup, then biting them, and repeating. He ate his while it was hot, holding his fork for the coleslaw and, every now and then, tasting it. He watched Christina feeling closer to her and thought, maybe it was the pleasure of the food. He watched her open a small-side container of clear liquid, dip a french-fried potato into it, and then eat it.

2008, Tige Lewis Quintina, Gelatin Silver Print, Xlibris, →ISBN, page 118:

He ordered panfish that was served with creamy coleslaw and some french-fried potatoes.

2012, Brenda Smith, Insane Circumstances, Xlibris, →ISBN, page 229:

French-fried potatoes
French-fried potatoes#English

Alternative letter-case form of French-fried potatoes


chalk-eating weasel

chalk-eating weasel (plural chalk-eating weasels)

(horse racing) A bettor who regularly wagers on the favorite.


lemon thyme

Cultivars of other species with a similar appearance and scent, especially the creeping species Thymus pulegioides.


English thyme

English thyme (usually uncountable, plural English thymes)

A common species of thyme grown for its use in cooking, Thymus vulgaris, especially a cultivated type with rounder, flatter and smoother leaves.


French thyme

French thyme (usually uncountable, plural French thymes)

A variety of English thyme with leaves that curl under along the sides and that have woolly hairs on the undersides, and which is often considered one of the best thymes for cooking.


caraway thyme

caraway thyme (usually uncountable, plural caraway thymes)

A creeping species of thyme native to the Mediterranean islands of Sardinia, Corsica and Majorca, which is grown for its caraway-scented leaves


creeping thyme

creeping thyme (usually uncountable, plural creeping thymes)

A species of thyme native to Europe and northern Africa, Thymus praecox, grown as a fragrant groundcover due to its tendency to branch and grow horizontally.

Wild thyme, Thymus serpyllum, which has a similar habit.


Korean mint

Korean mint (usually uncountable, plural Korean mints)

An anise-scented Asian perennial herb, Agastache rugosa.


licorice mint

licorice mint (usually uncountable, plural licorice mints)


white corn

white corn (countable and uncountable, plural white corns)

Any of several varieties of sweet corn maize, typically sweeter and more suitable for bread-making than yellow corn.


form book

(British) An annual book produced showing the results for the year's horse races together with comments on each runner.


market horse

[N]othing is easier than to make sure […] that the horse selected, in the event of the public fancying him, shall be made a market horse, and be “milked” for the benefit of those interested: the losing of a race may at any time be ensured, and there are scores of “turf dairymen” who are reputed adepts in the use of the milking pail.

1892, James Glass Bertram, A Mirror of the Turf, page 271:

(horse racing, slang, obsolete) A horse kept in the betting-lists for the sole purpose of being betted against.


cantelope

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-cantelope.wav


rough rider

because you are full of old festered wounds, you must have corrosive salves, for that is best for you, and the speediest way to recover your health: and forasmuch as you be rough horses, you must have a rough rider, and hard knobby timber must have hard wedges, and hard strokes with a beetle ["mallet"].

a. 1607, Arthur Dent, A Sermon of Repentaunce. A verie godly and profitable sermon, preached at Lee in Essex. B.L., Thomas Snodham for Roger Jackson, published 1615:

Our best rough-rider had mounted him, with a view of thoroughly "taking it out of him," and I never witnessed a better display of horsemanship.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 77:

A person whose specialty is the breaking in or training of wild horses.


carpetweed

carpetweed (countable and uncountable, plural carpetweeds)

A low-growing North American weed (Mollugo verticillata).


cassabanana

The banana passionfruit or any of several similar plants of the family Cucurbitaceae


pushki

Heracleum maximum
Heracleum maximum#Translingual


clogwood

The wood (typically alder) used for making clogs.


clownheal

The herb Stachys palustris, supposedly used to heal wounds to the feet made with a scythe


clusterberry

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-clusterberry.wav

Vaccinium vitis-idaea
Vaccinium vitis-idaea#Translingual


Gros Michel

A triploid cultivar of banana, popular in the early 20th century, predominant in the marketplace, but wiped out as a commercial cultivar mid-20th century by Panama disease.


Big Mike

Calque of French Gros Michel; from gros (“big”) + Michel (“Michael”)


yareta

Azorella compacta, a South American flowering cushion plant in the family Apiaceae.


eggsactly

en-adv

eggsactly (comparative more eggsactly, superlative most eggsactly)

more eggsactly (comparative)
most eggsactly (superlative)

Eggsactly, is exactly what we mean! In the highly competitive field of egg processing, fast, efficient production methods are essential for a profitable, successful operation.

1960, Everybody’s Poultry Magazine, page 9:

How to boil eggs eggsactly as ordered and at a profit.

Only two of the chocolate Easter eggs are ‘eggsactly’ the same size, which two?

2006, 1000 Junior Holiday Puzzles, New Dawn Press, Inc., published 2009, →ISBN:

Not Eggsactly What You Thought / Bird eggs are perfect structures that contain all of the materials needed to support the growth of a new life or, in many unlucky cases, provide a highly nutritious meal to any number of different critters.

2016, Richard Evershed, Nicola Temple, Sorting the Beef from the Bull: The Science of Food Fraud Forensics, Bloomsbury:

(informal, humorous) Exactly, when referring to eggs or Easter.


grugru nut

(Caribbean) The edible kernel from the fruit of the grugru palm, Acrocomia aculeata


bronze fennel

en-noun

bronze fennel (usually uncountable, plural bronze fennels)

An ornamental variety of fennel having a dark, brownish purple tint to the foliage, and a stronger, less sweet flavor than the other cultivated varieties.


snuff-horn

When the coffee was drunk, and the cup was put away with many thanks and blessings, she went demurely to the hearth, and pulled out a snuff-horn.

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 302:

A container for snuff made from an animal's horn.


poroporo

(New Zealand) The plant Solanum aviculare.


kippersol

(South Africa) A South African tree of the genus Cussonia


Irish apricot

"Ha! ha!" retorted his opponent, with a malicious grin, "and sugar, Sir, sugar, sugar; will your Irish apricots make sugar? No, no, mangel wurzel is the thing to fatten and improve everything and anything. […]"

1839, John Gideon Millingen, Stories of Torres Vedras, page 140:


apron skirt

1984, Paul Hulton, America 1585: The Complete Drawings of John White, The University of North Carolina Press and British Museum Publications, description of Plate 33, p. 178,

The woman, described […] as a chief’s wife or chief lady of Pomeiooc, wears an apron-skirt of fringed skin, edged at the top and bottom with a single row of white beads.

(historical) An item of clothing worn by women in some North American indigenous communities, consisting of an apron-like flap hanging over the front of the thighs, sometimes with an additional flap hanging in the back.


dead amiss

At the mention of the increased amount of odds, the snob took the youngster aside, and said to him, "Look now, by the book, we have the old man done brown; my horse is dead amiss, your cousin's horse you can beat easy, […]

1840, John William Carleton, The Sporting Review, page 286:

Sunshine ran gamely, but was clearly out of condition; and Gamos, who was dead amiss at Bath, having got round, beat her from the superiority of her training, […]

1870, Tresham Gilbey, Baily's Magazine of Sports and Pastimes, volume 18, page 320:

(horse racing) Of a horse: too ill to compete.


grouse whortleberry

grouse whortleberry (plural grouse whortleberries)

Vaccinium scoparium, a species of huckleberry.


grouseberry

grouse whortleberry
grouse whortleberry#English


call a cab

en-verb

call a cab (third-person singular simple present calls a cab, present participle calling a cab, simple past and past participle called a cab)

calls a cab (present singular third-person)
calling a cab (participle present)
called a cab (participle past)
called a cab (past)

(raise arm while riding): From the similarity to the raised-arm gesture used to summon a taxi.

An habitually raised arm, termed 'calling a cab', was the trademark of amateurism.

1994, Dick Francis, Wild Horses, page 137:

Drawings of races sixty years ago show the riders trying to avoid catching their horses in the mouth by stretching forward with one arm and lifting the other hand backwards off the reins into the position known as 'calling a cab'.
Although it is no longer the normal and recognized thing to do, 'calling a cab' is still occasionally seen when a jockey finds himself in difficulties over a fence.

2002, Frank R. Scatoni, Finished Lines, page 181:

(horse racing) To raise one's arm to maintain balance while riding.


Captain Armstrong

A pun on the name Armstrong, referring to the use of a strong arm.

"Poor child," he said to himself, all his angry feelings changing, "she seems to have set her heart so upon winning, it would be sad if she were disappointed. No one has much on it: shall I try Captain Armstrong for once? It would make her very happy. Bar accidents, I must win. They don't know that the chestnut has not extended himself yet."

1860, George Alfred Lawrence, Guy Livingstone, page 70:

He had practised “Captain Armstrong” so palpably as to be banished from the Turf.

1886, Baily's Magazine of Sports & Pastimes, volume 46, page 413:

We have not an iota of belief in this or any other "Captain Armstrong" insinuation against high-class jockeys, who have far too comfortable incomes, and too much proper pride, to place their characters in any man's power, […]

(horse racing, archaic, slang) A form of cheating in which the jockey deliberately pulls his horse back so that it does not win.


paludiculture

From Latin palus (“swamp”) + cultūra (“cultivation, agriculture”).

These diverse options for biomass from paludiculture show its great potential for future circular bio-economy applications.


setoka

en-noun

setoka (usually uncountable, plural setokas)

From Japanese せとか (setoka), which in turn is said to derive from one or more Japanese place names. Compare 早崎瀬戸(はやさきせと) (Hayasaki Seto, “Hayasaki strait”), 瀬戸内地方(せとうちちほう) (Setouchi chihō, “Seto region”), areas where the fruit was developed and is grown.

ja-r

Only commercial shipments of Shiranuhui and Setoka citrus can be imported, and will have to comply to the same requirements as shipments of Unshu oranges from South Korea.

2015 February 3, Gabrielle Easter, “Unshu hybrids gain US access”, in Fruit Net:

Recently "my taster" (Satoshi) picked out an orange called Setoka. They were giving out samples at the market, so you know what he was doing...

2019 March 6, Kat & Satoshi, “setoka”, in Our Adventure in Japan:

In Japan, setoka oranges are compared to the fat underbelly of tuna, and called the "otoro of the citrus world," due to the juicy and plump flesh of the fruit.

2020 July 31, Jess, “Tokyo’s raindrop jelly-like traditional summer mochi has citrus surprise”, in Japan Today:

Citrus reticulata
Citrus reticulata#Translingual

Citrus sinensis
Citrus sinensis#Translingual

A cultivar of tangor (tangerine/orange hybrid, Citrus reticulata × Citrus sinensis).


kitty crack

In reference to cats' fondness for the plant; see crack (“form of cocaine”).


half-pass

(equestrianism) In dressage, a movement in which the horse moves forward and sideways at the same time


blow up the tote

en-verb

blow up the tote (third-person singular simple present blows up the tote, present participle blowing up the tote, simple past blew up the tote, past participle blown up the tote)

blows up the tote (present singular third-person)
blowing up the tote (participle present)
blew up the tote (past)
blown up the tote (participle past)

From the whimsical notion that the payout on a particularly high-priced longshot might be a larger number than the tote board is capable of computing and/or displaying.

Giacomo blew up the tote by winning the 2005 Kentucky Derby at odds of 50-1.

(horse racing, of a horse) To win a race as a long shot.


hog potato

(chiefly New World) Any species or cultivar of potato or sweet potato so disagreeable in taste and/or small that it is preferedly employed to feed pigs.


gate-to-wire

Authentic led the 2020 Breeders’ Cup Classic at every point of call en route to a gate-to-wire victory.

(US, horse racing) From start to finish. (Usually used to describe a horse that wins a race by leading throughout.)


bansalague

Mimusops elengi
Mimusops elengi#Translingual

(Philippines) The wood of the tree Mimusops elengi.


Robola

He began to notice that a large amount of Robola was accumulating, and he expostulated to himself, ‘What? Do they all think I'm a drunk?’

1994, Louis de Bernières, Captain Corelli's Mandolin, Minerva, published 1995, page 38:

A variety of grape, chiefly grown on the island of Cephalonia, or the white wine which is made from it.


knobweed

en-noun

knobweed (usually uncountable, plural knobweeds)

Hyptis capitata, an erect annual lamiaceous shrub.


Olivette

St. Louis County
St. Louis County#English

A municipality of St. Louis County, Missouri, United States.


raceday

(horse racing) A day on which a race is held


draw bridle

en-verb

draw bridle (third-person singular simple present draws bridle, present participle drawing bridle, simple past drew bridle, past participle drawn bridle)

draws bridle (present singular third-person)
drawing bridle (participle present)
drew bridle (past)
drawn bridle (participle past)

When he was within a small distance of this inn, which to him seemed a castle, he drew bridle, and stopt Rozinante […].

1755, Miguel de Cervantes, translated by Tobias Smollett, Don Quixote, Volume 1, I.2:

Surrey […] rode, without drawing bridle, to Berwick.

1828, Patrick Fraser Tytler, History of Scotland:

(equestrianism) To pull on the reins (of a horse etc.) in order to slow it down or bring it to a stop; hence, to stop, draw up.


Persian cumin

en-noun

Persian cumin (usually uncountable, plural Persian cumins)


fruit vegetable

fruit vegetable (plural fruit vegetables)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-fruit vegetable.wav

(botany) A vegetable with a pulpy, seed-rich body which grows on a vine.


Wealthy

Named by Peter Gideon (1820–1899), creator of the cultivar, after his wife, Wealthy (Hull) Gideon.

Wealthys and McIntoshes are not good bakers.

1975, Irma S. Rombauer, Marion Rombauer Becker, Joy of Cooking, page 129:

A certain cultivar of American apple from Minnesota.


Fameuse

A kind of sweet red apple originating in Canada.


potomato

Synonym of pomato (“potato–tomato hybrid”)


lakawood

A reddish aromatic heartwood obtained from various plants and used as incense in China, India and South East Asia. It was also historically used as a dye and in medicine.


on the rail

(horse racing) Alternative form of on the rails


queen of spices

Coordinate term: king of spices


jock off

en-verb

jock off (third-person singular simple present jocks off, present participle jocking off, simple past and past participle jocked off)

jocks off (present singular third-person)
jocking off (participle present)
jocked off (participle past)
jocked off (past)

Dawn Run's owner, Charmian Hill, who had insisted on trainer Paddy Mullins 'jocking off' his son Tony and putting up Jonjo O'Neill to ride her in the Gold Cup, was an awkward cuss too.

2012, Robin Oakley, Britain and Ireland's Top 100 Racehorses of All Time:

(transitive, informal, horse racing) To replace (a jockey) with another.


newy

Lets go to Newy for a skate


palo santo

en-noun

palo santo (plural palo santos or palos santos)

palo santos (plural)
palos santos (plural)

Palo santo oil is the product of Bulnesia sarmienti , which is known as palo santo ( holy wood ) to the Paraguayans.

1947, Industrial Reference Service - Volume 5, Part 2, page 2:

The cleansing power of palo santo wood comes with a sense of sweet blessings and nourishment; it clears the negative vibrations and brings forth a healing quality of energy to your home.

2017, Rodika Tchi, The Healing Power of Smudging:

Palo santo helps support the immune system by turning off inflammatory responses created by a poor diet, pollution, stress, and illness.

2017, Kac Young, The Healing Art of Essential Oils:

Palo santo (Bursera graveolens or Bulnesia sarmienti) is a critically overharvested plant native to South and Central America, closely related to frankincense.

2021, Sara L. Mastros, The Big Book of Magical Incense:

We fell in love with the Palo Santo so much that we commissioned John to return to Paraguay and harvest more of this sustainably harvested Palo Santo wood and ship it back to us on a container boat.

2021, Sam Calagione, Mariah Calagione, Andrew C. Greeley, The Dogfish Head Book: 26 Years of Off-Centered Adventures, page 153:

Palo santo, known for its cleansing energy, is lovely to have on hand for adding a sweet healing aroma to the air.

2022, Shellie Pomeroy, Natural Tables, page 107:

(US) A medium-sized deciduous tree indigenous to the tropical dry forests of Central and South America, Bursera graveolens or Gonopterodendron sarmientoi, known for its sweet scent.


field mint

From Middle English *feld-minte, from Old English feldminte, equivalent to field + mint.


wild mint

From Middle English wyldemynt, wilde mente, equivalent to wild + mint.

Any aromatic North American mint of the species Hedeoma pulegioides.


sermountain

From Middle English sermontayne, from Old French sermontain. The modern English form has been remodelled after mountain.

Take of the freſh Roots of both Peonies, at Full Moon, each one Ounce and an half; ſlice them, and infuſe them in white-wine for the ſpace of a Day; of Contrayerra^([sic]) half an Ounce, of Sermountain ſix Drams[…]

1694, John Pechey, “Peony, in Latin Paeonia”, in The compleat herbal of physical plants, Henry Bonwicke, page 146:

La Cerda fancies it to be the Siler montanum, or Sermountain, because he thinks it more elegant for the poet to speak of two which grow in the plains, and two in the rivers[…]

1814, “Liber Secundus”, in Vergil, edited by John Martyn, Georgicorum libri quatuor, 4th edition, Oxford: W. Baxter, page 112:

[…]though both sermountain species grew abundantly among young Scots pines on the rocky, south-facing slope bordering the road.

1990, Bulletin de la Société entomologique suisse, volumes 62-63, Schweizerische Entomologische Gesellschaft, page 304:

(now rare) A plant of the genus Laserpitium.


earth pea

Vigna subterranea (Bambara groundnut, jugo bean)


bannut

Wor. They picks they stones off the common, as small as bannuts (H.K.). w.Wor.¹ Sarmints is ahl like bannuts; d’reckly yŭ opens ’um, yŭ knaows w’ats in ’um.[…]se.Wor.¹ The fust time as ever I knaowed ’im wus w’en ’e wus took up fur stalin’ bannits.[…]We cannot tell how many bannuts there be, till we beat the trees (A.B.); Ellis Pronun. (1889) V. 66. ne.Glo. The old man … forbade the young fellow’s visits, bluntly declaring that he might go and ‘bad the bannuts’ somewhere else, Household Wds. (1885) 141.[…]Som. A woman, a spaunel, and a bannut tree, The mooar you bate ’em the better they be, W. & J. Gl. (1873);

1898, “BANNUT, sb.”, in Joseph Wright, editor, The English Dialect Dictionary: […], volume I (A–C), London: Henry Frowde, […], publisher to the English Dialect Society, […]; New York, N.Y.: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, →OCLC, page 158, column 1:

Crack nuts and bannuts (walnuts), / Say the bells of St. Weonard’s.

1912, Ella Mary Leather, The Folk-Lore of Herefordshire: Collected from Oral and Printed Sources, page 241:

In 1810-11 the tenant of Rushock Court at his own expense, planted: / 220 strong pears at 3/- / 56 pear stocks at 2/- / 104 pears at 1/6 / 114 stocks at 2/- / 60 crabs at 1/6 / 41 crabs at 1/- / 26 damsons at 1/6 / 14 walnuts at 2/- / 2 Bannuts at 3/- / 6 Spanish Chestnuts at 1/- /—total with expenses of planting £79 2s. 0d.

1913, Gerald Poynton Mander, The History of the Wolverhampton Grammar School, Wolverhampton: […] Steens Limited at the Old Grammar School Press, page 338:

One of the workmen remarked that “He be so like a Christian you canna pass him without givin’ him summat, an’ now I gives him the bannuts* he runs to the door to meet me when he sees me a-comin’.”[…]* “Bannuts”—local word for walnuts.

1917 January, Frances Pitt, “The Education of “The Coon””, in The Badminton Magazine of Sports and Pastimes, volume XLVII, number 258, London, page 84:


queen apple

A class of early-ripening apples with red flesh; an apple of this class.


Cusick's biscuitroot

Cusick's biscuitroot (plural Cusick's biscuitroots)

Lomatium cusickii, a species of perennial herb.


fraughan

Borrowed from Irish fraochán (“blueberry, bilberry”).

bor+

Unlike the Wicklow Gold Mines at Mount Croughan, / Where thrives that Lilliputian Tree, the Fraughan.

1824, Rory O'Reilly, Retrospection, Dublin: J. Carrick & Son, page 2:

His bare feet, as they trod the heather and fraughan beneath them , sent a thrill of primitive ecstacy to his expectant mind.

1906, W. M. Letts, “Paudeen in the Woods”, in Temple Bar, volume 1, London: Macmillan & Co., page 553:

Over the centuries and over the seasons, fruit gathering became woven into the fabric of Irish rural life and the fraughan, being the first of the wild berries to ripen, was the occasion for an outing.

2018 May 3, Margaret Hickey, Ireland’s Green Larder: The Definitive History of Irish Food, Unbound, →ISBN, page 38:

Vaccinium myrtillus
Vaccinium myrtillus#Translingual

(Ireland) The bilberry or whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus).


frankencorn

From franken- + corn, on analogy with frankenfood.

New Contraceptive Frankencorn Being Tested
http://www.observer.co.uk/international/story/0,6903,548964,00.html
GM corn set to stop man spreading his seed

2001 September 18, Chive Mynde, “Contraceptive Frankencorn Being Tested”, in talk.environment (Usenet), retrieved 2022-03-25:

Did everybody hear about the illegal Frankencorn that escaped, ran amuck in the USA, and ruined much of last year's crop? No? Can you say; hushed-up?

2002 February 20, Doug Bashford, “BioPiracy, Genitec engieering, Frankenfoods, Trickery, and Slavery”, in alt.politics.democrats.d (Usenet), retrieved 2022-03-25:

Oh, and genetically-modified corn/wheat/whatever that can tolerate harsher conditions are a must-have. The time for the luxury of whining about frankencorn is about over.

2012 August 12, Mr.B1ack, “#Drought: America's new normal”, in alt.fan.rush-limbaugh (Usenet), retrieved 2022-03-25:

Genetically modified
genetically modified

(colloquial, derogatory) Genetically modified corn.


pendejera

Solanum torvum
Solanum torvum#Translingual


distaffer

(horse racing) A horse that races in a distaff (race for female horses only).


gumbi gumbi

Bo said, ‘Them bloody doctors are no good to you, old mate. You ought to come down to Ranna with us and get yourself a good dose of cumby cumby.’

2002, Alex Miller, Journey to the Stone Country, Allen & Unwin, published 2003, page 122:

A small shrub with little star-shaped yellow flowers and yellow/orange-skinned fruit, gumbi gumbi (Pittosporum angustifolium) is found throughout the drier areas of Australia […].

2022, John Newton, Cooking With the Oldest Foods on Earth:

(Australia) A shrub or small tree, Pittosporum angustifolium, growing in inland Australia, used by Aboriginal peoples for food and medicine.


britchen

(equestrianism) Alternative form of breeching (“component of horse harness or tack, to hold back a vehicle”)


desert onion

Allium macropetalum
Allium macropetalum#Translingual

Allium macropetalum, a species of wild onion.


August plum

(botany) A wild plum tree of eastern and central North America having red-orange fruit with yellow flesh (Prunus americana).


puffed grain

Grains that have been processed to expand (puff).


Flemish beauty

en-noun

Flemish beauty (plural Flemish beauties)

A reddish-yellow pear cultivar of Belgian origin.


anjeer

In Unani medicine, Anjeer is used as a mild laxative, expectorant, diuretic; also in the diseases of the liver and spleen as a deobstruent and anti-inflammatory agent.

2011, C. P. Hare, Indian Herbal Remedies, page 219:

1 1⁄2 cups anjeer soaked in S cups of water

2015, Vanita Vij, The Flavours of India: Cooking the Indian Way:


blue raspberry

(marketing) An artificial flavor used in candy and soft drinks, which, despite the name, is not derived from any species of raspberry. It is often used with bright blue synthetic food coloring.


ancient grain

A grain or pseudocereal purported to be minimally changed by selective breeding over recent millennia (often used in plural and in the context of marketing)

grain ancien

cereal or pseudocereal minimally changed by breeding


starting gate

Mobile starting-gates and horse-boxes stand parked along the kerbs, and behind every large house, it seems, is a red brick stableyard, gleaming with fresh black-and-white paint and polished steel.

1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 164:

(equestrianism, dog racing) A machine used to ensure a fair start to in horse dog racing by opening doors to allow all the racing animals out at the same time.


Hubbardston Nonesuch

Hubbardston Nonesuch (plural Hubbardston Nonesuches)

Named after the Massachusetts town of Hubbardston

A green/orange heirloom apple originating in New England.


vegetablelike

en-adj

vegetablelike (comparative more vegetablelike, superlative most vegetablelike)

more vegetablelike (comparative)
most vegetablelike (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-vegetablelike.wav

Resembling or characteristic of a vegetable.


umbrellawort

Any of various plants in the genus Mirabilis.


creeping sage

Salvia sonomensis, a species of sage with blue to purple flowers.


sourtop blueberry

en-noun

sourtop blueberry (plural sourtop blueberries)


buckjump

en-verb

buckjump (third-person singular simple present buckjumps, present participle buckjumping, simple past and past participle buckjumped)

buckjumps (present singular third-person)
buckjumping (participle present)
buckjumped (participle past)
buckjumped (past)

(Australia) To take part in a competition where riders attempt to stay on a horse that jumps in this way.


curb chain

[H]ere and there curb chains, polished till they shone like silver, kept company with spurs, bits, stirrups, and other possessions, such as his saddle, a supply of spare girths, and a stock of horse medicines.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 86:

A chain running under the chin and attached to a curb bit, used to prevent the bit from rotating too much while limiting pressure on the upper palate of the horse's mouth.


Cleopatra mandarin

en-noun

Cleopatra mandarin (plural Cleopatra mandarins)

A citrus tree (Citrus reshni) with fruit resembling the lemon.


madweed

Synonym of hoodwort (“the plant Scutellaria galericulata”)


great northern bean

great northern bean (plural great northern beans)

A large navy bean that has a flattened shape similar to lima beans and a delicate flavor.


Canada onion

A perennial plant, (Allium canadense), native to eastern North America.


Canadian garlic

Canadian garlic (countable and uncountable, plural Canadian garlics)

Synonym of Canada onion (Allium canadense)


meadow garlic

meadow garlic (countable and uncountable, plural meadow garlics)


moon carrot

Seseli libanotis, a Eurasian herb of the carrot family.


sickleweed

An herb of the carrot family, Falcaria vulgaris.


sweet cicely

Myrrhis odorata
Myrrhis odorata#Translingual

Any of various herbs of the genus Osmorhiza, related to and similar in appearance to those in species Myrrhis odorata.


aniseroot

Any of certain North American herbs of the genus Osmorhiza.


woodbalm

Lepechinia calycina, an herb native to California.


Belle de Boskoop

Belle de Boskoop (plural Belle de Boskoops)

Conversely, the Belle de Boskoop, a greenish-yellow apple with rough skin, perfectly crisp and tangy, only tastes better when you store it for several months before eating it. Chefs love Belle de Boskoops for their ability to hold up in the oven.

2018, Angie Quaale, Eating Local in the Fraser Valley, Random House, →ISBN:

A tart and fragrant apple cultivar which originated in Boskoop, Netherlands.


creek plum

A shrub native to the central United States, Prunus rivularis, which produces bitter berries.


field eryngo

/fiːld iːˈɹɪŋɡəʊ/

Calque of translingual Eryngium campestre.

calque

Eryngium capestre
Eryngium capestre#Translingual

A European medicinal herb (Eryngium capestre) of the carrot family.


Watling Street thistle

en-noun

Watling Street thistle (plural Watling Street thistles)


summer grape

Vitis labrusca
Vitis labrusca#Translingual

A grape of species Vitis labrusca, native to the Eastern U.S.; a fox grape.


rock grape

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-rock grape.wav

A species of grape native to the Ozarks, Vitis rupestris.


chewing ball

CHEWING-BALLS, a kind of balls made of aſafœtida, liver of antimony, bay-wood, juniper-wood, and pellitory of Spain; which being dried in the ſun, and wrapped in a linen-cloth, are tied to the bit of the bridle for the horſe to chew: they create an appetite; and it is ſaid, that balls of Venice treacle may be uſed in the ſame manner with good ſucceſs.

1771, Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1st ed., volume II, page 183:

(equestrianism) A medicinal ball attached to a horse's bit so that the chewing will improve its appetite.


desert raisin

The botanist Peter Latz of Alice Springs in the arid center of the continent, who grew up with and learned firestick tactics from the Arrernte Aborigines, estimates that they got about one-third of their food from firestick management of the land. He personally fancies a kind of desert raisin, a Solanum relative of the potato and tomato, which pops up after the burning off of spinifex. "Bloody good tucker!" says he.

2002 April 8, Alfred W. Crosby, Throwing Fire: Projectile Technology Through History, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 47:


run nowhere

en-verb

run nowhere (third-person singular simple present runs nowhere, present participle running nowhere, simple past ran nowhere, past participle run nowhere)

runs nowhere (present singular third-person)
running nowhere (participle present)
ran nowhere (past)
run nowhere (participle past)

(horse racing, slang) To finish the race unplaced.


scaleseed

Any of a genus, Spermolepis, of American herbs of the carrot family.


rollkur

(equestrianism) A horse riding technique particularly in dressage where the neck is bended forward, banned by multiple riding organizations because it is classified as ruining the health of equines by various means.


cainito

en-noun

cainito (countable and uncountable, plural cainitos)

From Latin cainito, from Spanish caimito, from Lokono.


table grape

Any variety of grape especially suited for eating at the table, as opposed to winemaking; usually, its suitability has been imparted by selective breeding (as for example to maximize sweetness, flavor, or hardiness for shipping/distribution).

csemegeszőlő

a grape grown for eating rather than for making wine


kotataberry

Duyck was a farmer who grew the kotataberry, you see, which no one's ever heard of. And Duyck thought if we named the marionberry the state fruit, no one would ever hear of the kotataberry ever again.

2017 February 14, Matthew Korfhage, “Oregon Legislature Finally Introduces Bill to Make Marionberry Pie the State Pie”, in Willamette Week:

There’s nothing like picking plump, sun-warmed fruit (one for the bucket, one for you) and at this iconic Whakatāne attraction, you can do just that. Strawberries, blackberries, boysenberries, raspberries and blueberries are on offer as well as Ranui berries and kotataberries.

2020 December 12, Sharon Stephenson, “Three of the best 'pick your own' fruit farms”, in Stuff:

A blackberry cultivar developed in Oregon, United States, having small to medium-sized berries of a purple-black color and longish shape.


cackle-fart

He grabbed the last four of yesterday's eggs and a fistful of oats mixed with dried peas, making a mental note to see Fern Thorburn this day for more cackle-farts

2017, Tale Monger, Blood Line - Secrets:


death-of-man

Cicuta maculata, a highly poisonous flowering plant native to nearly all of North America.


corn rice

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-corn rice.wav

(chiefly Asia) Corn that is ground to look like rice.


perfumed cherry

perfumed cherry (plural perfumed cherries)


Yellow Transparent

Yellow Transparent (plural Yellow Transparents)

From a variation of White Transparent based on the colour of the apple. Equivalent to yellow + transparent.

An apple cultivar with a subacidic taste and fine flesh


jockey's cap

The flowering plant Prostanthera striatiflora.


aromatic ginger

Kaempferia galanga
Kaempferia galanga#Translingual


nozawana

A Japanese leaf vegetable, often pickled.


resurrection lily

resurrection lily (plural resurrection lilies)


hedgenettle

hedgenettle (countable and uncountable, plural hedgenettles)

Any of certain plants of the genus Stachys.


blood lime

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-blood lime.wav

A small reddish-orange lime, a cross between the red finger lime (Citrus australasica var. sanguinea) and the 'Ellendale Mandarin' which is a sweet orange/mandarin cross.


cheese fries

(Canada, US) French fries covered or cooked in cheese (especially when grated or melted) or cheese sauce and sometimes loaded with other ingredients.


Frankenthal

Synonym of Trollinger (“German grape variety”)


Japanese ivy

Japanese ivy (countable and uncountable, plural Japanese ivies)


hapus mango

hapus mango (plural hapus mangos or hapus mangoes)

hapus mangos (plural)
hapus mangoes (plural)

From an Indian language, compare Gujarati આફૂસ (āphūs).
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rein-back

(equestrianism) The two-beat movement in which a horse is asked to back up. The horse picks up and sets down its feet almost in diagonal pairs, and moves straight backwards with the line of the forelegs following those of the hind legs.


straight cigarette

straight cigarette (plural straight cigarettes)

The star of Netflix’s Wednesday, 20-year-old Jenna Ortega (another Gen Z actor) was recently papped holding an iPhone and chuffing on a straight cigarette (the fact that this was a pap photo is all the more throwback).

2023 June 16, Daisy Jones, “Cool, sexy and stinking of smoke: why are TV dramas giving cigarettes a comeback?”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

A ready-made cigarette, as opposed to a rollup.


green cardamom

green cardamom (countable and uncountable, plural green cardamoms)


hog's wort

Round the fish are placed four flat stones, on which the plant hog's wort (Peucedanum leiocarpum, Nutt.), red paint, and bulrushes are burnt as an offering to the salmon.

1911, James George Frazer, The Golden Bough, volume 8, page 254:


pencil fever

(horse racing, slang, obsolete) The situation where punters discover that a horse is almost certain to lose, and so become eager to lay bets against it.


turtle bean

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris#Translingual

A variety of species Phaseolus vulgaris, common in Latin America and the bean it produces.


duke cherry

Prunus × gondouinii, a hybrid between sweet cherry and sour cherry, generally disadvantageous in durability, yield and marketability.


French lavender

Lavandula stoechas
Lavandula stoechas#Translingual


Enslen's blackberry

Enslen's blackberry (plural Enslen's blackberries)

Enslen's dewberry
Enslen's dewberry#English


Enslen's dewberry

Enslen's dewberry (plural Enslen's dewberries)

Named after the botanist Aloysius Enslen.


chart caller

The chartcallers' routine goes something like this: When the horses come onto the track, chartcallers jot down equipment information -- which runners are wearing blinkers, bandages on their forelegs, special horse shoes. While this is going on, they memorize and match the color of each jockey's silks to his mount's name. Or, as is the case with Feustle and most newer chartcallers, the number on the saddle cloth.

2003 May 16, John Scheinman, “Chartcallers, Setting the Track Record”, in The Washington Post, Washington, D.C.: The Washington Post Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-18:

When Jim Bishop was an Equibase chartcaller himself several seasons back, he would sometimes stray from the pre-programmed database comments and get creative with his past performance charts. For sorry horses such as Regal Bishop, he liked to utilize his favorite selfcoined disparity: Appeared to dislike racing.

2007, T. D. Thornton, Not by a Long Shot: A Season at a Hard Luck Horse Track, New York, N.Y.: PublicAffairs, →ISBN, page 42:

The technology has been sufficiently accurate that Equibase has changed its method of charting races at tracks using the system. Historically, the details of every race have been gathered by a chart-caller who watches the action through binoculars and calls out numbers to a partner. Now Trakus produces the charts, though the data still requires oversight and tweaking by Equibase personnel.

2012 February 8, Andrew Beyer, “New racing technology could offer vast amounts of data to handicappers”, in The Washington Post, Washington, D.C.: The Washington Post Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-08-18:

Another, Jamie Zoeller, was a Pavement superfan. He met Nastanovich at a bar in Chicago in the '90s, and Nastanovich told him about his Derby house. Nastanovich (now a chart caller at Prairie Meadows racetrack in Altoona, Iowa) wrote down the address on a bar napkin, and Zoeller carried it around in his wallet until one day he made it, in 1999.

2021 May 1, Melissa Hoppert, “At This Kentucky Derby Party House, Everyone Is ’Like Family’”, in The New York Times, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-04-28:

(horse racing) A person who is responsible for systemically recording the performance of the racehorses throughout a horse race.


clerk of the course

clerk of the course (plural clerks of the course or clerks of courses)

clerks of the course (plural)
clerks of courses (plural)

(horse racing) An official responsible for track management and raceday preparation at a racecourse.


pineapple sage

A variety of the shrub Salvia elegans, having a pineapple-like scent.


sand leek

A wild onion of species Allium scorodoprasum.


jointed charlock

Raphanus raphanistrum
Raphanus raphanistrum#Translingual

Synonym of wild radish (“Raphanus raphanistrum”)


balloon berry

strawberry raspberry
strawberry raspberry#English


strawberry raspberry

strawberry raspberry (plural strawberry raspberries)

A red-fruited plant of species Rubus illecebrosus.


golden currant

The fruit of various shrubs of the species Ribes aureum.


wax currant

The fruit of various shrubs of the species Ribes cereum.


snow currant

The fruit of various shrubs of the species Ribes niveum.


white ginger

Hedychium coronarium
Hedychium coronarium#Translingual

butterfly-ginger, butterfly lily, cinnamon jasmine, garland flower, ginger lily, white ginger-lily, fragrant garland flower, Indian garland flower, white butterfly ginger lily

A decorative herb of India (Hedychium coronarium).


Verdello

Verdello (countable and uncountable, plural Verdellos)

Borrowed from Italian verdello, from the dark green color of its berries.

Thus when sampling Verdello grapevines, the likelihood of picking up a vine that really isn't Verdello is high, and the skill of the ampelographer becomes of paramount importance.

2014, Ian D'Agata, Native Wine Grapes of Italy, University of California Press, →ISBN, page 21:

An Italian grapevine variety that is grown mostly in the Umbria region of central Italy.


Dornfelder

en-proper noun

Dornfelder (countable and uncountable, plural Dornfelder)

w:Staatliche Lehr- und Versuchsanstalt für Wein- und Obstbau Weinsberg

(uncountable) A dark-skinned grape variety used for red wine, developed as a hybrid (Helfensteiner × Heroldrebe) by August Herold in 1955 at the Staatliche Lehr- und Versuchsanstalt für Wein- und Obstbau Weinsberg (State Education and Research Institute for Viticulture and Pomology Weinsberg) in Württemberg, Germany.

Dornfelder

red-wine grape variety from the Württemberg region of Germany


staggerweed

en-noun

staggerweed (countable and uncountable, plural staggerweeds)

A flowering plant of species Stachys arvensis, which causes staggers in livestock that consume it.

A plant of other species, for similar reasons:

Dicentra cucullaria (Dutchman's breeches)

Jacobaea vulgaris (syn. Senecio jacobaea, staggerwort)

Jacobaea vulgaris
Jacobaea vulgaris#Translingual

Senecio jacobaea
Senecio jacobaea#Translingual


Missouri grape

Vitis palmata, a New World species of tall, climbing lianas in the grape family, native to the south-central and southeastern United States.


bugweed

woolly nightshade
woolly nightshade#English


romaine lettuce

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-romaine lettuce.wav

Partial calque of French laitue romaine (“Roman lettuce”), from its supposed association with Rome.

pcal

Cauliflower Salad Ingredients 1 head of Cauliflower 3 cups of shredded romaine lettuce 1 cup veganaise ½ cup unsweetened soy milk 1 tsp stevia glycerite 1 tsp Braggs Liquid Aminos 2 tbsp Vegan Bacon Bits Clean and cut Cauliflower.

2007, Fayth Silveus, Fayth's Christian Cookbook, page 30:

Get creative and build a pharmafood salad by using healthier greens, like romaine lettuce or spinach.

2009, Jack Goldberg, The Four Corners Diet: The Healthy Low-Carb Way of Eating for a Lifetime:

When the burgers are ready, place them on the toasted rolls with the romaine lettuce leaves and top with the salsa.

2012, Jo McAuley, “[Meat and Poultry] Turkey Burgers with Spicy Salsa”, in Hamlyn QuickCook: Low Fat, London: Hamlyn, →ISBN, page 152:

The chazeret and maror are bitter herbs that bring tears to the eyes to reflect the slavery in Egypt. The maror is often horseradish, while the chazeret is normally romaine lettuce.

2021, Yvonne Riddick, Courage for My Journey from Eternity to Eternity:

A long-leaved variety of lettuce, Lactuca sativa var. longifolia.


bluebell creeper

en-noun

bluebell creeper (plural bluebell creepers)


averin

Rubus chamaemorus
Rubus chamaemorus#Translingual

(Scotland) cloudberry, Rubus chamaemorus.

(Scotland) cloudberry, fruit of Rubus chamaemorus.


gout ivy

From its use as a supposed relief for joint pain, including gout.


microsword

Any of certain plants of the genus Lilaeopsis.


kiat-kiat

kiat-kiat (countable and uncountable, plural kiat-kiats)

Borrowed from Hokkien. See Hokkien 結結 /结结 (kiat-kiat, “to combine; to fuse; to bear (fruit)”), 桔/橘 (kiat) as in 桔仔/橘仔 (kiat-á, “tangerine; mandarin orange”), 傑傑 /杰杰 (kia̍t-kia̍t, “outstanding; remarkable; clever”), 結果 /结果 (kiat-kó, “to bear fruit”), etc.

ncog

(Philippines) a small hybrid variety of citrus fruit, similar to a small ponkan, clementine, tangerine, mandarin orange, orange, etc.


Leopardstown

From Irish Baile na Lobhar, town of the lepers. This later became Leperstown, which was corrupted to Leopardstown, erasing the leper connection.

Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown
Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown#English

A southern suburb of Dublin in Dún Laoghaire-Rathdown, Ireland, well known for its racecourse (Irish grid ref O 2025).


mane-comb

A comb used for brushing the mane of a horse.


agriot

From French aigrette, griotte, formerly Old French agriote (“sour cherry”). Compare aigre (“sour”).

Trenner Joseph sen. & jun., Turners and Makers of agriot pipe-sticks.

1862, Joseph Arenstein, Austria at the International Exhibition of 1862, page 45:

Comparing those plants grown in large and in samll vessels, the agriot yielded a larger amount of leaf and dry substance when grown in small vessels, whereas with the sweet cherry the reverse was the case. When grown in dilute solutions the agriot caused the evaporation through its leaves of twice as much water, and the sweet cherry under the same conditions of a third more water, than when the solutions were more concentrated.

1881, P. Sorauer, “Manuring Experiments on Fruit Trees”, in Journal of the Chemical Society, volume 40, page 936:

We distinguish between sweet cherries and sour cherries (agriots).

1916, Erich Walter, Manual for the Essence Industry, page 239:

On the other hand special note should be made of the cherries of Manisa, the agriots of Parsa and Gediz, and the cucumbers of Menemen.

1919, Great Britain. Naval Intelligence Division, A Handbook of Asia Minor: Western Asia Minor, page 111:

Brandy distilled from fresh whole agriots or cherries, fermented with or without the stones.

1967, Food, Drug, Cosmetic Law Journal - Volume 22, page 531:


coolie orange

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-coolie orange.wav

Citrus sinensis
Citrus sinensis#Translingual

Synonym of sweet orange (“Citrus sinensis”)


spring parsley

en-noun

spring parsley (countable and uncountable, plural spring parsleys)

A perennial herb of the genus Cymopterus.


mountain parsley

mountain parsley (plural mountain parsleys)

Pseudocymopterus montanus, a perennial herb of the Western US and Mexico.


Asian kale

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Asian kale.wav

In Thailand, this dish [kwaytiow paht si-yu] is made with Chinese broccoli, called pahk ka-nah, a sturdy Asian leafy vegetable sometimes translated as Asian kale.

[1992, Nancie McDermott, Real Thai: The Best of Thailand's Regional Cooking, San Fransico: Chronicle Books, →ISBN, page 55:

Stir-Fried Rice Noodels with Asian Kale & Chicken (Gai Pat Sii Uuu) […] Add the Asian kale and noodles, and cook for 3 minutes.

2004, William Warren, At the Table of Jim Thompson, electronic edition, Singapore: Editions Didier Miller, published 2012, →ISBN, page 69:

Synonym of kailan (“a long, blue-green vegetable with thick, glossy stems”)


Monarto mintbush

Monarto mintbush (plural Monarto mintbushes)

From Monarto (“town in South Australia”) + mintbush.

com

Prostanthera eurybioides, an endangered species of mintbush.


hedge parsley

An herbaceous plant of the genus Torilis.


blue ginger

en-noun

blue ginger (countable and uncountable, plural blue gingers)


mint chocolate

mint chocolate (countable and uncountable, plural mint chocolates)

Sweet food made by mixing chocolate with spearmint or peppermint.


Yoshino cherry

Yoshino cherry (plural Yoshino cherries)

Prunus × yedoensis, a hybrid cherry tree from Japan.