American wild plum

American wild plum (countable and uncountable, plural American wild plums)

A tree of species Prunus americana, native to eastern North America, or its fruit.


scoparone

An organic compound found in the Chinese herb Artemisia scoparia.


frost grape

en-noun

frost grape (countable and uncountable, plural frost grapes)

Vitis vulpina
Vitis vulpina#Translingual


thousand-year egg

thousand-year egg (plural thousand-year eggs)


thousand-year-old egg

thousand-year-old egg (plural thousand-year-old eggs)


over medium

(US) Of an egg prepared as food, fried on both sides so as the whites are cooked, and the yolks are soft, but not runny.


ice-cream bean

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-ice-cream bean.wav

Inga edulis, a sweet South American fruit used in making caxiri.


spotted bee balm

Monarda punctata, found in Quebec, Ontario, eastern and south-central United States, California, and northeastern Mexico.


musk mallow

musk mallow (countable and uncountable, plural musk mallows)

Abelmoschus moschatus
Abelmoschus moschatus#Translingual

Any of species Abelmoschus moschatus, abelmosk, native to India.


lyreleaf sage

A plant of the species Salvia lyrata, native to warm-temperate eastern North America.


damson plum

damson plum (countable and uncountable, plural damson plums)

A deciduous tree, Prunus insititia, native to Eurasia and related to the plum.

Syzygium cumini
Syzygium cumini#Translingual

Syzygium cumini, jambul, native to south Asia.

Chrysophyllum oliviforme, the satinleaf.


mangaba

Borrowed from Brazilian Portuguese mangaba.

bor+

The cajue, the jabuticaba, the araticu, and the mangaba fruits are common; also oranges, limes, bananas, pine-apples, and water-melons.

1821, James Henderson, A History of the Brazil, page 262:

Once the Counselor rose to his feet, the women of the Sacred Choir offered him a bowlful of goat's milk, a bit of bread, a dish of boiled cornmeal, and a basketful of mangabas.

1984, Helen R. Lane, transl., The War of the End of the World, Folio Society, translation of La guerra del fin del mundo by Mario Vargas Llosa, published 2012, page 181:

The soft, thinskinned fruits of mangaba are gathered from contorted, often fireblackened trees on savannas.

The round, edible fruit of the tree Hancornia speciosa, native to parts of South America.


Irish potato

(US) A potato, distinguished from a sweet potato.


dillweed

en-noun

dillweed (countable and uncountable, plural dillweeds)

Compound of dill + weed. From Old English dili (“dill”).

Vinegar and Pickles (kraut, cucumber, dillweed, tomato, cauliflower and onion).

1909, Missouri Railroad, Warehouse Commission, Annual Report, page 413:

Anethum graveolens
Anethum graveolens#Translingual

(uncountable) Dill, an aromatic herb used in cooking and medicine; Anethum graveolens.


hot pepper

hot pepper (countable and uncountable, plural hot peppers)

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum#Translingual

Capsicum frutescens
Capsicum frutescens#Translingual

Any of the plants that bear such fruit, especially the species Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens and their numerous subspecies, varieties, or cultivars.


faunch

en-verb

faunch (third-person singular simple present faunches, present participle faunching, simple past and past participle faunched)

faunches (present singular third-person)
faunching (participle present)
faunched (participle past)
faunched (past)

Uncertain. Used in Midland American English and Western American English. Entered the fanspeak body of slang after writer Noel Loomis used it in a review in Pro-Phile.

Instead of the fine faunching black mare he usually rode he was on a light grey today, a little slower if it came to a run from the Indians or a buffalo stampede, but much less conspicuous against the snow.

1954, Mari Sandoz, The Buffalo Hunters, published 2008, →ISBN, page 6:

Ecstatic, they faunched and gamboled and I could hardly get them in the traces.

1986, Jerry Bumpus, Heroes and Villains, →ISBN, The Outdoorsman, page 59:

(US, equestrianism) To bite the bit, especially when restless; to champ.


meon

From Ancient Greek μῆον (mêon), probably from μεῖον (meîon, “lesser”) for its small size.

Meum athamanticum
Meum athamanticum#Translingual


eggling

Presumably from *eggle (“to sell eggs”) + -ing. Compare English eggler (“seller of eggs”).

No eggler will allow eggs to be contaminated, because he wants to sell at the best price he can get […] If the House says it is, then in my opinion the majority of those people must get out of eggling […]

1938, Ireland. Oireachtas. Dáil, Parliamentary debates; official report, volume 73, page 734:

The death of Dobbin of old age had put an end to his master's eggling, for he had no capital with which to buy another horse.

1945, Flora Thompson, Lark Rise to Candleford:

(archaic) The sale of eggs; the trade of an eggler.


eggling

"Ode X" in 1834, Charles L. S. Jones, American Lyrics
One Lovling scarcely's fledg'd. One, yet,
An eggling still remains;
A third, from forth the broken shell,
In chirping notes, complains.

But now the little Other eggling was making loud peeping sounds. It was hungry.

A small, miniature, undersized, or underdeveloped egg.


almander

From Middle English almander, almaunder, from Old French almandier, a modification of amandier. See almond.


Antonovka

She looked at some apples, turned a few over, took a whiff of some others, but just couldn't make up her mind which to buy — it was as though her whole fate depended on it. She finally spied some golden ones with the fragrance of champagne — smooth round Antonovkas. And above them was the smiling, golden face of a Korean farmer.

2003, David Shraer-Petrov, Jonah and Sarah: Jewish Stories of Russia and America, Syracuse University Press, →ISBN, page 10:

It was easy: a quick jump over a low stone wall, a dash past a few rows of berry bushes, and there it was— the cursed tree with its absurd apples. Large poison-green spheres with deeply scalloped bottoms: Antonovkas. They were a good eating apple, but Jarmo had no interest in them.

2004, Sven A. Linholm, Orbits. Volume I : on Becoming a Man : a Novel, Trafford Publishing, →ISBN, page 70:

With the appearance of scab races 6 and 7, major attention has been focused on other scab resistance factors, particularly the “Antonovka” selections and apple genotype R12740-7A (“Russian seedling”, RS), which are currently used in several apple-breeding programs.

2011, Chittaranjan Kole, Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources: Temperate Fruits, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 56:

An apple cultivar, noted for a strong acidic flavour and ability to sustain harsh winters.


makhorka

en-noun

makhorka (usually uncountable, plural makhorkas)

From Russian махо́рка (maxórka). The Russian term took its name from the Dutch city of Amersfoort, known for its tobacco industry.

Carefully refolding the paper, he put it away and rolled himself a cigarette of powerful makhorka in the strip of newspaper.

1938, Seema Rynin Allan, Comrades and citizens, page 113:

More than three-quarters of the Soviet tobacco output consists of makhorka (Nicotiana rustica), a low-grade variety used in other European countries only as an insecticide because of its high nicotine content.

1949, Naum Jasny, The Socialized Agriculture of the U. S. S. R., page 585:

We were starving for tobacco—makhorka, actually, which, according to soldiers, helped survive cold, hunger and everyday toil. They gave us one pack of makhorka a month.

2003, David Victor Rosenstein, The Reason to Love This Country, page 36:

Nicotiana rustica
Nicotiana rustica#Translingual

(chiefly Russia) A coarse, strong type of tobacco (Nicotiana rustica), especially grown in Russia and Ukraine.


tulsi

tulsi (usually uncountable, plural tulsis)

Borrowed from Hindi तुलसी (tulsī), from Sanskrit तुलसी (tulasī).

It was a long, long time since I had been to Rohala and while I recalled some of the rooms and the courtyard with the fountain and the tulsi plant, I had no memories of the exterior of the house I was looking for.

1997, Kiran Nagarkar, Cuckold, HarperCollins, published 2013, page 157:

Ocimum tenuiflorum
Ocimum tenuiflorum#Translingual


bogwort

Vaccinium myrtillus
Vaccinium myrtillus#Translingual

Any of species Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry or whortleberry plant).


brotherwort

From Middle English brotherwort, from Old English brōþorwyrt; equivalent to brother + wort.

Mentha pulegium
Mentha pulegium#Translingual


hoodwort

A plant, Scutellaria galericulata, the common skullcap.


hillwort

Calamintha nepeta, a perennial herb in the mint family.


toothache tree

Aralia spinosa
Aralia spinosa#Translingual


fistulous withers

It is now generally believed that fistulous withers are the result of a germ, probably picked up from the grass, although at one time they were thought to be caused by saddle or roller pressure.

1962, Catherine Harris, “Ailments”, in Practical Pony Keeping, London; Glagsow: Blackie, →OCLC, part 2 (Care of Your Pony), page 100:

The sooner fistulous withers is treated, the more likely that a cure is effected.

1997, Tony Pavord, Marcy Pavord, “Fistulous Withers”, in The Complete Equine Veterinary Manual: A Comprehensive and Instant Guide to Equine Health, Newton Abbot, Devon: David & Charles, published 1998, →ISBN, part III (A–Z of Diseases), page 154, column 2:

(veterinary medicine, pathology, equestrianism) Inflammation of the serous bursa of withers in horses which bursts outside, creating a fistula.


horned melon

horned melon (countable and uncountable, plural horned melons)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-horned melon.wav

A plant of the species Cucumis metulifer, bearing a cucumber-like fruit.

The fruit of the horned melon plant, having yellow-orange skin and lime green, jelly-like flesh with a tart taste, and texture similar to a cucumber.


aloe vera

aloe vera (countable and uncountable, plural aloe veras)

/əˌləʊ.i ˈvɛ.ɹə/

/əˌləʊ.i ˈvɪə.ɹə/

/ˌæ.ləʊ ˈvɛ.ɹə/

/ˌæ.ləʊ ˈvɪə.ɹə/

/ˈæ.loʊ ˈvɛ.ɹə/

/ˌæ.loʊ ˈvɪ.ɹə/

Learned borrowing from New Latin aloē vēra (“true aloe”).

lbor

Some other trees like the cactus and aloe veras, have other means of protection or feel no need for it and they grow much faster and easier that way.

2001, White Eagle, chapter 2, in The Medicine Way, page 71:

Another excellent cleanser and toner is aloe gel or fresh aloe vera cactus pulp. Cut off 1 inch of aloe vera rib, slit open and rub yellowish pulp directly on the skin.

2003, Patricia Bragg, Paul C Bragg, Apple Cider Vinegar Miracle Health System, page 22:

Further, scientists have learned that certain houseplants reduce pollutants, especially philodendrons (formaldehyde, benzene, and carbon monoxide), spider plants (carbon monoxide), aloe veras (formaldehyde), and gerbera daisies and chrysanthemums (benzene).

2005, Richard H. Pitcairn, Susan Hubble Pitcairn, Dr. Pitcairn's Complete Guide to Natural Health for Dogs & Cats, page 139:

Every morning and evening I drink half a tumbler of pure aloe vera jelly, which also strengthens my immune system. I believe that these generous portions of aloe vera above all have led to an improvement in my blood-test results after seven months of chemotherapy—in fact they are better than they were before.

2006, Wolfgang Heinemann, Surviving Brain Cancer: A Personal Memoir, page 147:

An orange cat rubbed against it and then threaded through the aloe veras, meowing lazily as Jessica opened the screen door.

2009, Gwendolyn Zepeda, Houston, We Have a Problema, unnumbered page:

In ayurveda, aloe vera is sometimes called kumari or "princess with the gel" or ghrit kumari ("ghee of the princess").[…]Alternatively, try this recipe created by the staff at Six Senses Spas. It is made with cooling lavender and aloe vera as well as nourishing milk.

2013, Judy Chapman, Ultimate Spa: Asia's Best Spas and Spa Treatments, page 196:

A plant of the species Aloe vera, grown as an ornamental, thought to have medicinal value; an extract, often a gel, made from the plant.

சோற்றுக்கற்றாழை

cōṟṟukkaṟṟāḻai


baby carrot

The baby carrots and the little rosebud beets which are being thinned out of the garden should be canned at the present time.

1916 September, T. J. Newbill, “Canning Vegetables by the Cold-pack Process”, in Monthly Bulletin, volume 4, number 6, Puyallup, Wash.: Western Washington Experiment Station, page 334:

Harvested as baby carrots, these varieties, planted early in the season, averaged 74 micrograms of carotene per gram of sample (range by varieties, 70 to 85 micrograms); corresponding samples harvested as mature carrots of at least 2 inches crown diameter averaged 180 micrograms per gram (range, 146 to 255).

1944 March, Georgian Adams, Sybil L. Smith, Experiment Station Research on the Vitamin Content and the Preservation of Foods (United States Department of Agriculture Miscellaneous Publication; no. 536), Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Agriculture, →OCLC, page 8:

A baby carrot is okay, but a carrot that is allowed to reach the peak of maturity is going to be sweeter and full of flavor—provided it hasn't become too old.

2015, Jacques Pépin, “Vegetables”, in Heart & Soul in the Kitchen, Boston, Mass.: Rux Martin Books, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 347:

A carrot harvested and sold when immature and of a small size.


green potato

A potato that has been exposed to sunlight so has turned green in colour and bitter in taste.


common barley

en-noun

common barley (countable and uncountable, plural common barleys)

Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare#Translingual

A plant of the species Hordeum vulgare, which yields the commercially important cereal grain barley.


bush tomato

Similarly the desert raisin, or bush tomato (Solanum centrale), used by Central Desert people for thousands of years, has become dependent on people for its propagation and spread.

2018, Bruce Pascoe, Dark Emu, Scribe, published 2020, page 39:

(Australia) Any of various plants of the genus Solanum, growing in arid parts of Australia, and bearing tomato-like fruits.


Romanesco

Romanesco (countable and uncountable, plural Romanescos)

/ɹəʊ.məˈnɛs.kəʊ/

Borrowed from Italian romanesco (“of or pertaining to Rome”).

bor

To be honest, this hasn't been my Garden of Eden year. […] The lettuce turned bitter and bolted. The Green Comet broccoli was good, but my coveted Romanescos never headed up.

1995, Anne Raver, “Gandhi Gardening”, in Deep in the Green: An Exploration of Country Pleasures, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN:

The broccolo romanesco, once found only in Rome, is now being cultivated in Brittany and elsewhere, and people who had never heard of it a few years ago feel free to change its name to romanesco, as in, 'I bought a nice romanesco at the market; now what do I do with it?' (Actually for years Roman vegetable vendors called it broccolo romano and only romanesco recently.) […] Calling it simply romanesco is like calling French fries 'French.' This is serious because romanesco is needed to modify artichokes and zucchini, for which it indicates both local cultivation and a specific variety of vegetable – striated, firm zucchine romanesche and the large globe artichokes known as carciofi romaneschi.

2010, Maureen B. Fant, “The Italian Language of Food: Notes from a Translator”, in Richard Hosking, editor, Food and Language: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cooking 2009, Totnes, Devon: Prospect Books, →ISBN, page 117:

This beautiful vegetable looks rather like a green cauliflower designed by a mathematician and has lime-green 'spiralled' curds. The curds are nutty and tasty, and romanesco is worth growing just for its good looks. You can use romanesco in the same ways that you would normally use cauliflower but the flavour is sweeter and they look far more impressive. I try to leave them in large pieces when serving them because they're so beautiful.

2010, Geoff Stebbings, Growing Your Own Fruit and Veg For Dummies, Chichester, W. Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, pages 162–163:

You can use squash standbys such as zucchini and crookneck in this recipe, but it's even more beautiful with a mix of colors and shapes, from sunny yellow pattypans to ridged Romanescos to the perfectly round, aptly named eightball.

2014, Gabrielle Langholtz, “Raw Squash Salad with Radishes, Manchego, and Lemon Vinaigrette by Seamus Mullen, Tertulia”, in The New Greenmarket Cookbook: Recipes and Tips from Today's Finest Chefs & the Stories behind the Farms that Inspire Them, Boston, Mass.: Da Capo Press, →ISBN:

Romanesco was my gateway cauli and I've never stopped growing it. Not a variety as much as its own thing, Romanesco is a cauliflower to the French, a calabrese to the Italians. […] Visually, it may be the most remarkable thing you can grow: it is made up of lime-green mini-spirals that coil around themselves in fractal formation.

2015 January 26, Mark Diacono, “How to grow and cook cauliflower, 2015's trendiest veg: Tricky to grow, boring to boil ... so why is the outmoded cauliflower back at the culinary cutting edge? [print version: Cauliflower power, 24 January 2015, pp. G1 & G3]”, in The Daily Telegraph (Gardening):

Romanesco broccoli, a light-green edible flower bud of certain forms of Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, which is thus related to broccoli and cauliflower. Its form is a natural approximation of a fractal.

романеско

cultivar of cabbage, Brassica oleracea var. broccolo


Romanesco

/ɹəʊ.məˈnɛs.kəʊ/

The dialect of the Italian language spoken in Rome.


blue corn

(Canada, US) A variety of corn with dark bluish grains.


negro yam

A kind of white-fleshed yam from Jamaica.


grape tomato

From grape + tomato. From the appearance of the tomato, small and elongated like a grape.

A type of small tomato similar in shape to a plum tomato but small like a cherry tomato.


peppadew

Pat the peppadews dry with paper towels. With a small spoon, fill the peppadews with goat cheese. Arrange the stuffed peppadews on the planks and drizzle with olive oil.

2010, Karen Adler, Judith Fertig, 25 Essentials: Techniques for Planking, page 43:

Capsicum baccatum
Capsicum baccatum#Translingual

A kind of sweet pepper, a cultivar of Capsicum baccatum.


brierberry

/ˈbɹaɪə(ɹ)ˌbɛɹi/

a prickly bush found in the eastern United States, Rubus cuneifolius


eggceptional

en-adj

eggceptional (comparative more eggceptional, superlative most eggceptional)

more eggceptional (comparative)
most eggceptional (superlative)

In the contest, food service operators have the opportunity to win a $2,000 first prize, $1,000 second prize and $500 third prize in both commercial and non-commercial divisions for their "eggceptional" egg entrees.

1990, The Poultry Times, volume 37, page 40:

A veteran executive of such eggceptional breakfast-oriented chains as The Good Egg and First Watch, […]

1994 June 15, Steve Weiss, “It's a marvelous morning for a Moondance”, in Restaurants & Institutions:

An 'eggceptional' Easter Egg Hunt takes place around the Dock on April 23 and 24, from 1pm-3pm.

2011 April 19, “A Cracking Time for the Kids”, in Liverpool Echo:

(informal, humorous) Exceptional, when referring to eggs or Easter.


Norfolk dumpling

en-noun

Norfolk dumpling (plural Norfolk dumplings)

A kind of boiled dumpling made in Norfolk, England.


perique

perique (countable and uncountable, plural periques)

A kind of tobacco with medium-sized leaf, small stem, and tough and gummy fiber, raised in Louisiana and cured in its own juices, so as to be very dark in color. It is marketed in tightly wrapped rolls called carottes.


peter pepper

An heirloom chili pepper grown in North America for its unusual penis-shaped fruits.


Columbus egg

Presumably in reference to the apocryphal story behind the egg of Columbus, since the eggs in this dish would have their ends crushed to allow them to stand upright like bowls.

A hard-boiled egg cut in half and filled with a mixture of its yolk with ham, cream, and nutmeg.


friar's omelette

friar's omelette (plural friars' omelettes)

A dish of beaten eggs fried with apples and breadcrumbs.


key-fruit

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-key-fruit.wav

From February 23 to April 30 a flock of about one hundred visited the University campus daily, feeding principally upon the samara or key-fruits of the box-elder trees, also the seeds of sugar-maples, and leaf buds.

1910, Proceedings, volumes 11-12, Davenport Academy of Sciences, page 308:


petune

en-verb

petune (third-person singular simple present petunes, present participle petuning, simple past and past participle petuned)

petunes (present singular third-person)
petuning (participle present)
petuned (participle past)
petuned (past)

(dated, transitive) To spray (tobacco) with a liquid intended to produce flavour or aroma.


fruitling

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-fruitling.wav

Any man of common right feeling will love and cherish her who is his own, as I this woman, with my whole heart, though she was but a fruitling of my spear.


corn-cracker

Our summons was answered by its owner, a well-to-do, substantial, middle-aged planter, wearing the ordinary homespun of the district, but evidently of a station in life much above the common "corn-crackers" I had seen at the country meeting-house.

1862, James R. Gilmore, chapter 12, in Among the Pines, or, South in Secession Time:

(US, archaic, mildly derogatory) A lower-class white person in the southern US.


waddywood

en-noun

waddywood (countable and uncountable, plural waddywoods)

An Australian tree, Pittosporum bicolor.


Chaush

Vitis vinifera
Vitis vinifera#Translingual

(agriculture) A cultivar of Vitis vinifera (“wine grape”).


Chaouch

If abortion occurs even later, as in the cultivar 'Chaouch,' normal-size fruit develop containing hard empty seeds.

2008, Ronald S. Jackson, Wine science: principles and applications, 3rd edition, Food science and technology international series, Amsterdam, Boston: Elsevier, →ISBN, page 72:

(agriculture) A cultivar of Vitis vinifera (“common grape vine”).


flannel flower

The texture of the downy hairs is supposed to resemble flannel.

Actinotus helianthi, an Australian flowering plant whose stem, branches and leaves are pale grey and covered in downy hair.


pineberry

A white variety of strawberry with a pineapple flavour.


wait-a-while

Originally after South African Dutch wacht-en-beetje; compare wait-a-bit.

In the new clearing by the creek where he had felled most of the big stuff, she attacked the landscape with anger, grubbing out the wait-a-while and bush-sword that was still guzzling round the stumps.

1979, Thea Astley, Hunting the Wild Pineapple, Nelson, page 136:

(Australia) Any of several thorny Australian vines or shrubs which impede passage, especially Acacia cuspidifolia of Western Australia, Smilax australis of eastern Australia and the Northern Territory, and lawyer vine.


Sumatra leaf

A thin, elastic, uniformly light-coloured tobacco leaf, grown in Sumatra and extensively used for cigar wrappers.


zerumbet

From Medieval Latin zerumbet, zurumbet, from Arabic زُرُنْبَاد (zurunbād).

Zingiber zerumbet
Zingiber zerumbet#Translingual

(archaic) Zingiber zerumbet, a Javanese plant resembling ginger.


ground elder

Aegopodium podagraria
Aegopodium podagraria#Translingual

A perennial plant in the carrot family Apiaceae, native to Eurasia; Aegopodium podagraria.


cavolo nero

/ˌkavələʊ ˈnɛːɹəʊ/

/ˌkɑvəloʊ ˈnɛɹoʊ/

Borrowed from Italian cavolo nero (literally “black cabbage”).

bor

Brassica oleracea var. acephala#Translingual

A cultivar of kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) with dark blue-green leaves, traditionally used in Tuscan cuisine.


basil thyme

An aromatic herb, Clinopodium acinos (syn. Acinos arvensis)


Cuban oregano

en-noun

Cuban oregano (usually uncountable, plural Cuban oreganos)

A tropical succulent herb with a flavor similar to thyme or oregano, Plectranthus amboinicus (Coleus amboinicus or Coleus aromaticus in older references)


Bristol onion

A species of onion, Allium sphaerocephalon, found only on the slopes of the Avon Gorge


Honeycrisp

From honey + crisp, originally a trademark.


biscuitroot

biscuitroot (countable and uncountable, plural biscuitroots)

A perennial member of the carrot family, canyonlands biscuitroot reproduces by seed and cloning. An individual biscuitroot clump includes many clones.

2013, David Williams, Naturalist's Guide to Canyon Country, page 49:

Any of a number of North American plants in the genus Lomatium with edible, starchy roots.


prickly ash

Any of a number of trees and shrubs in the genus Zanthoxylum containing Sichuan pepper and the American Midwest invasive species.


Hercules' club

Either of two not closely related trees with thorny bark:


buckberry

The huckleberry, Gaylussacia ursina, found in the Southern United States.


desert willow

Any of several species of willow that grow in desert regions

Other trees or shrubs that have willow-like leaves or weeping habit:


jatoba

jatoba (countable and uncountable, plural jatobas)

Hymenaea courbaril
Hymenaea courbaril#Translingual

Courbaril, a South American tree, Hymenaea courbaril


bai ji

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 白芨 (bái jī).

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

A Chinese orchid, Bletilla striata, the pseudobulbs of which are used in traditional Chinese medicine, but which is also widely grown for its ornamental flowers and foliage.


xinomavro

Greek Ξινόμαυρο (Xinómavro), literally "sour black".

And as for the Naoussa wines, the xinomavros on which the company built its name?

2009, Wine & spirits, Winestate Publications, →OCLC, page 92:

A red wine grape variety from Macedonia in Greece.


carnaroli

/ˌkɑːnəˈɹəʊlɪ/

/ˌkɑɹnəˈɹoʊli/

A medium-grain variety of rice from around Pavia, used especially in risottos.


dhania

All can find a stall selling something familiar – and maybe something new to try, whether it’s yams or plantain, dhania or jellied eels.

2015 July 10, “Saving our city centres, one local market at a time”, in The Guardian:


flat peach

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-flat peach.wav

Flat peach of China—Cultivated more for the singularity of its form than for anything else. It is, however, well adapted for forcing in pots.

1855, Charles McIntosh, The Book of the Garden, volume 2, William Blackwood and Sons, page 508:

Prunus persica subsp. platycarpa#Translingual

A subspecies or variety of peach Prunus persica subsp. platycarpa, with white flesh and a flattish, round shape.


myoga

Zingiber mioga
Zingiber mioga#Translingual

A Japanese type of ginger, Zingiber mioga, of which only the shoots and flower buds are used in cooking.


pinecone ginger

pinecone ginger (usually uncountable, plural pinecone gingers)

Any of several species of ginger with pinecone-like flower heads, but especially the shampoo ginger (Zingiber zerumbet).


lesser galangal

Alpinia officinarum
Alpinia officinarum#Translingual

A plant (Alpinia officinarum) related to galangal (Alpinia galanga), with similar uses and flavor.


fingerroot

Boesenbergia rotunda, a plant related to ginger, with finger-like roots used as a spice.


mango ginger

Curcuma amada, a plant related to turmeric, but with a mango-like flavor and aroma.


torch ginger

torch ginger (countable and uncountable, plural torch gingers)

A Southeast Asian tropical plant related to ginger, of species Etlingera elatior (syn. Phaeomeria magnifica), with pink buds used as a seasoning and spectacular red flowers.


kahili ginger

A plant related to ginger, Hedychium gardnerianum, which is native to the Himalayas but widely grown elsewhere in warm climates due to its showy flowers, and which can be seriously invasive away from its native range.


shell ginger

shell ginger (usually uncountable, plural shell gingers)

An East Asian plant related to ginger, Alpinia zerumbet, grown for its showy flowers, which are shell-pink on the outside and intensely orange and red on the inside.


red ginger

red ginger (usually uncountable, plural red gingers)

A Malaysian plant related to ginger, if species Alpinia purpurata, grown for its showy red flower spikes.


Zweigelt

Zweigelt (countable and uncountable, plural Zweigelts)


elephant garlic

A perennial plant related to leeks, Allium ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum, having large cloves that can be substituted for garlic in cooking.


spoon sweet

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-spoon sweet.wav

Fruit preserved in sugar syrup in the eastern Mediterranean, often served in a spoon as a gesture of hospitality.


garden chervil

Pliny the Elder commented in the first century A.D. that “chervil was a fine herb to comfort the cold stomach of the aged,” and Nicholas Culpeper similarly reports in seventeenth century that “the garden chervil doth moderately warm the stomach . . . it is good to provoke urine, or expel the stone in the kidneys, to send down women's courses and to help the pleurisy and prickling of the sides.”

2008, Jack Staub, quoting Nicholas Culpeper, 75 Exceptional Herbs for Your Garden, Gibbs Smith, →ISBN, page 51:

Anthriscus cerefolium
Anthriscus cerefolium#Translingual

The umbelliferous plant Anthriscus cerefolium.

maustekirveli

Anthriscus cerefolium — see also chervil


asparagus pea

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-asparagus pea.wav

A legume, Lotus tetragonolobus (synonym Tetragonolobus purpureus), with bright red flowers and edible seedpods that superficially resemble those of the winged bean.


black caraway

black caraway (usually uncountable, plural black caraways)

Nigella sativa
Nigella sativa#Translingual

A Middle-Eastern spice plant related to buttercups, Nigella sativa, with dark black, aromatic seeds.

cr̀njika (used in Serbia in the form cr̀nika for the holm oak)


black cumin

black cumin (countable and uncountable, plural black cumins)

A spice plant with aromatic seeds (Nigella sativa).

Bunium bulbocastanum
Bunium bulbocastanum#Translingual

A spice plant related to cumin with dark seeds and an edible root (Bunium bulbocastanum).

Cuminum cyminum
Cuminum cyminum#Translingual

A cultivated variety of cumin (Cuminum cyminum).


corn chip

A snack food made from cornmeal fried in oil or baked, usually in the shape of a small noodle or scoop.


puffcorn

She tossed the pork rinds into the trash can and settled on some cheese puffcorn curls—not the healthiest things in the world but an improvement upon the former.

2006, Peyton Mathie, chapter 27, in Hayden's Corner, iUniverse, →ISBN, page 69:

Additional products include pretzels, regular and cheese puffcorn, cheese curls, corn chips, tortilla chips, pork rinds and salsa dip.

2010, Food & Beverage Market Place, Grey House Publishing, volume 1, 1127:

Suddenly, something Henry said caught my attention. “Where'd you get these boxes of puffcorn?” he asked. “This stuff has no taste at all!”

2012, Kris Vallotton, chapter 9, in Spirit Wars: Winning the Invisible Battle Against Sin and the Enemy, Chosen Books, →ISBN, page 137:

A corn snack, visually similar to popcorn, but made with corn meal and baked.


ground pine

ground pine (countable and uncountable, plural ground pines)

Any of several plants, none of which are true pines:

Ajuga, a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the mint family Lamiaceae, with most species native to Europe, Asia, and Africa; also, specifically:

Ajuga chamaepitys
Ajuga chamaepitys#Translingual

Ajuga chamaepitys (yellow bugle), native to Europe, the eastern part of the Mediterranean, and North Africa

Lycopodium, a genus of clubmosses in the family Lycopodiaceae, a family allied to the ferns, specifically:

Lycopodium obscurum (princess pine), native to eastern North America

Lycopodium clavatum
Lycopodium clavatum#Translingual

stag's-horn clubmoss
stag's-horn clubmoss

Lycopodium clavatum (stag's-horn clubmoss, running clubmoss)


bitter almond

Prunus amygdalus
Prunus amygdalus#Translingual

A tree of the species Prunus amygdalus (order Rosales).


jaceosidin

A pharmacologically flavone found in Artemisia species.


santonica

santonica (usually uncountable, plural santonicas)

From Latin santonica (adjective) (from Santonēs (a Celtic tribe of Aquitania)), most likely originally in a phrase such as herba santonica ("herb of the Santones").

An Asian plant (Seriphidium cinum, syn. Artemisia cina), related to wormwood, which has been used since ancient times as a vermifuge due to its santonin content.


African wormwood

African wormwood (usually uncountable, plural African wormwoods)

An aromatic African plant, with many traditional medicinal uses, Artemisia afra


Great Basin sagebrush

Great Basin sagebrush (usually uncountable, plural Great Basin sagebrushes)

Artemisia tridentata
Artemisia tridentata#Translingual

A woody, pungently aromatic low shrub, Artemisia tridentata, very common in the Great Basin and other arid regions of western North America.


big sagebrush

big sagebrush (usually uncountable, plural big sagebrushes)

Great Basin sagebrush
Great Basin sagebrush

Great Basin sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata)


annual wormwood

annual wormwood (usually uncountable, plural annual wormwoods)

Artemisia annua
Artemisia annua#Translingual

An Asian aromatic herb, widely naturalized, Artemisia annua, the source of the antimalarial drug artemisinin.


sweet wormwood

sweet wormwood (usually uncountable, plural sweet wormwoods)

A fragrant Asian herb, Artemisia annua, widely naturalized, the source of the antimalarial drug artemisinin


sweet Annie

sweet Annie (usually uncountable, plural sweet Annies)

sweet + annual + -ie, modified in imitation of the name Annie

A fragrant Asian herb, widely naturalized, Artemisia annua, the source of the antimalarial drug artemisinin


sagewort

sagewort (usually uncountable, plural sageworts)

Any of a number of perennial herbs in the genus Artemisia which have the aromatic gray or silver foliage of the sagebrushes, but are not shrubby enough to be termed brush.


wildberry

wildberry (countable and uncountable, plural wildberries)

wildberry flavor (Popsicle Water Ice)

1992, Corinne T. Netzer, The Corinne T. Netzer 1992 Calorie Counter, page 72:

Spoon 2 tablespoons of the wildberry gelatin mixture into each of the cups of orange gelatin mixture.

2003, W. Park Kerr, Viva Margarita, page 31:

Wildberry Smoothie Large, 24 fl. oz.

2009, Alex A. Lluch, The Complete Calorie Fat & Carb Counter, page 53:

(uncountable) A combination of wild cherries and strawberries, raspberries, blackberries or other berries. Used in ice cream and other food products, as well as in cosmetics.


manseng

But gros manseng’s sibling, petit manseng, is the real star, adding still more depth and intensity of tropical fruit to a wine such as Château de Cabidos Petit Manseng Sec Cuvée Comte Philippe 2009 (£15.95, South Downs Cellars ).

2015 August 16, David Williams, “Wines from the southwest of France”, in The Observer:

Any of several grape varieties and associated wines from southwest France


mursalski

Fortunately the Rhodope region is renowned for the longevity and good health of its inhabitants and, at the Triibria hotel, the owner, Nevse, brought out all the secrets of Rhodopean vitality: ironwort tea; mursalski, renowned for anti-inflammatory properties; then patatik, a potato-based Rhodopean favourite, filled with cheese and herbs collected on the mountain.

2015 August 22, Kevin Rushby, “The great east European road trip part three: hiking in Bulgaria”, in The Guardian:

The ironwood plant Sideritis scardica or the Bulgarian mountain tea made from it


mountain tea

mountain tea (countable and uncountable, plural mountain teas)


phlomis

Any of the genus Phlomis of herbaceous plants


bird's-eye maple

So a dear little book-case was bought, also of bird’s-eye maple, and a pretty little work-table, with a low chair to match.

1904, Carolyn Wells, “Shopping”, in Patty at Home, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, →OCLC, page 58:

The two staterooms are similarly treated; the walls are panelled in bird's eye maple, with light mahogany mouldings, and the furniture is in sycamore and mahogany.

1947 January and February, “South African Royal Train”, in Railway Magazine, page 47:

More to the point of this place than the crags and glens on the dining-room wall are the two fine colour prints of clipper ships in frames of birdseye maple.

1976, Angela Carter, “My Father's House”, in Shaking a Leg, Vintage, published 2013, page 21:

Maple wood with small eye-like markings, valued for use in decorative woodwork.


Japanese spikenard

Japanese spikenard (plural Japanese spikenards)

An upright herbaceous perennial plant, Aralia cordata, growing up to 2 to 3 metres in height and native to Japan, Korea, and eastern China.


ajuga

Ajuga reptans
Ajuga reptans#Translingual

Any plant in the genus Ajuga, especially the ornamental ground cover Ajuga reptans.


earthapple

From earth + apple, a calque of German Erdapfel or Dutch aardappel; compare also French pomme de terre, Old English eorþæppel (“cucumber”, literally “earth/ground-apple”).

cog

Helianthus tuberosus
Helianthus tuberosus#Translingual

A Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus).


Enola bean

Named after the wife of the man who patented it in 1999.


canchalagua

en-noun

canchalagua (usually uncountable, plural canchalaguas)

From Spanish canchalagua, from Mapudungun cachanlagua.

Any of several plants of the Americas similar to centaury, and formerly used like it for medicinal purposes, among them:

Schkuhria pinnata, a plant in the sunflower family native to South America and used medicinally


orthosiphon

Any herbaceous shrub of the genus Orthosiphon


cippolini

A modified diminutive form of Italian cipolla (“onion”).

Goulash, a local favorite, was brought up-to-date with seared grass-fed rib-eye, stewed cippolini onions and roasted cherry tomatoes.

2015 September 4, “In Minnesota’s Iron Range, Midwestern With a Modern Twist”, in New York Times:


Garganega

A variety of Italian white wine grape widely grown in the Veneto region.


hart's pennyroyal

An annual mint native to the western Mediterranean and the Azores, Mentha cervina, having a similar scent and other properties to pennyroyal.


Corsican mint

Corsican mint (usually uncountable, plural Corsican mints)

A low-growing, moss-like species of mint with a pennyroyal fragrance, Mentha requienii, native to Italy, Corsica and Sardinia, and which is grown as an ornamental ground cover and traditionally used in crème de menthe.


pineapple mint

A variegated cultivar of apple-scented mint, Mentha suaveolens.


English lavender

English lavender (usually uncountable, plural English lavenders)

Lavandula angustifolia
Lavandula angustifolia#Translingual

Common lavender (Lavandula angustifolia).


satsumaimo

Borrowed from Japanese 薩(さつ)摩(ま)芋(いも) (Satsuma imo, “Satsuma potato”).

ja-r

She uses broccoli rabe instead of aka takana (spicy mustard greens), shops in the Caribbean markets of her Washington Heights neighborhood for batatas rather than Japanese satsumaimo (yellow sweet potatoes), and has learned to love the local mofongo, the Dominican version of mashed plantains with lots of garlic.

2007 December 26, Julia Moskin, “A Celebration of the New Year Ushers in a Bit of Japan”, in New York Times:


Kipfler

From German Kipfler or Bavarian Kipfler. Related to German and Bavarian Kipfl and Kipferl (“croissant”).

A small elongated variety of potato with yellow flesh.


shogaol

en-noun

shogaol (usually uncountable, plural shogaols)

From Japanese 生姜 (“ginger”) and suffix -ol.

(organic chemistry) A pungent constituent of ginger, similar in chemical structure to gingerol.


Szechuan lovage

Ligusticum striatum
Ligusticum striatum#Translingual

Ligusticum striatum (syn. Oreocome striata), chuanxiong.


Persian shallot

Persian shallot (plural Persian shallots)

Allium stipitatum, an Asian species of Allium native to central and southwestern Asia.


vermentino

It’s made from vermentino, a white grape that flourishes across the Mediterranean thanks to its ability to soak up heat without losing its acidic zip and bite, and here is rooted on the border of Liguria and Tuscany south of Genoa.

2015 October 25, David Williams, “Three wines to enjoy with Italian food”, in The Observer:


snuff bottle

A bottle used by the Chinese during the Qing dynasty to hold powdered tobacco.


Jet Star

She leaned back and pulled another tomato seedling from the flat. She set the plant in the newly dug hole and scooped soil over its thin white roots. She smiled. The Jet Stars were always the first to bloom and ripen.

1997, Mary McGarry Morris, Songs in Ordinary Time, page 104:

A variety of low-acidity, crack-resistant tomato.


Braeburn

Named after Braeburn Orchard, Nelson, New Zealand, where the variety was first developed.

A red crispy apple originating in New Zealand.


ipos

From Shasta ip'-haws (“Perideridia spp tubers”).

der

The tuber of any one of several edible species of Perideridia spp.


viniculturist

A person who practices viniculture; a viticulturist specifically involved in wine production.


charro bean

From Spanish charro (“cowboy”) (or English charro, from that Spanish word), due to the association of the beans and of charro bean soup with Mexican cowboys.

A pinto bean, as used in Mexican cooking, especially as used to make charro bean soup (a hearty, spicy, smoky soup flavoured with bacon).


osha

Unknown; presumably from a Native American language.

A perennial herb of species Ligusticum porteri, found in parts of the Rocky Mountains and northern Mexico.


cheesewood

en-noun

cheesewood (countable and uncountable, plural cheesewoods)

Nauclea orientalis (Leichhardt tree, yellow cheesewood, Canary cheesewood).


Chinese hackberry

Chinese hackberry (plural Chinese hackberries)

A tree, Celtis sinensis, of the family Cannabaceae and native to slopes in East Asia.


three sisters

A calque from an Iroquoian language, compare Mohawk áhsen nikontatenò:sen, Oneida áshʌnaɂtekutahnú·tele, and Onondaga ahsę́ naˀdegųdęhnų́·dæ·ˀ.
First attested in 1850 in the context of Iroquoian mythology (see quote below). Use in reference to the plants themselves first attested in the 1890s (see also below).

One beautiful idea relates to the corn, beans and squashes, all indigenous plants which are called three sisters as well as their life or supporters. The thought is a happy one, for they grow together, and were always important in Indian life.

[1892, William M. Beauchamp, “Iroquois Stories”, in The Iroquois Trail, or Footprints of the Six Nations, […] , Fayetteville: H. C. Beauchamp, →LCCN, page 128:

The three sisters work together as companion plants in many ways. Growing wide-spreading pumpkin vine among vertically oriented corn and beans saves space.

2012, Gail Damerow, The Perfect Pumpkin: Growing/Cooking/Carving, Storey Publishing, →ISBN, page 56:

She gave me specifics on what to plant and the layout of the garden. Traditional Native American plants, heirloom varieties only, no GMOs allowed. Use the three sisters approach for planting corn, squash and beans, ilito onions would ring the interior of the fence and sunflowers would stand tall.

2012, Kathleen O’Dwyer, Breathing Blue: Giving my life to Spirit and Spirit to my life, AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 151:

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris#Translingual

(US, Canada, agriculture, horticulture) The combination of maize (corn), pole beans (Phaseolus vulgaris or climbing beans, string beans, etc.), and squash (i.e. pumpkin), especially when planted together in intertwined plantings.


Lumper

Lumper (countable and uncountable, plural Lumpers)

“Over there I'm growing Lumper,” he tells us as we look across potato rows growing between poplar windbreaks.

2012, David Buchanan, Taste, Memory: Forgotten Foods, Lost Flavors, and Why They Matter, →ISBN:

The Lumper, as they call this particular variety of pots, is a symbol of this Irish dilemma, for this is the infamous potato that failed in the 1840s and caused the great famine. The Lumper is therefore one of the most historic of all the heirloom potato varieties now preserved under the careful eye of historic museums and potato enthusiasts alike, myself included.

2013, William Woys Weaver, 100 Vegetables and Where They Came From, →ISBN, page 146:

In the 1840s, however, these two counties were among the worst affected when Ireland's potatoes -- those big floury Lumpers that sustained millions -- began to rot.

2015, Fiona Farrell, The Villa at the Edge of the Empire, →ISBN, page 39:

A variety of potato, best known as the variety that failed in the Irish potato famine.


satinflower

(South Africa) Plants in the genus Geissorhiza.

Any of various flowering plants:
Plants in the genus Geissorhiza.


water hemlock

water hemlock (countable and uncountable, plural water hemlocks)

A plant of any of the species in genus Cicuta, all highly poisonous and easily confused with other non-toxic forage plants.


bisnaga

bisnaga (countable and uncountable, plural bisnagas)

Visnaga daucoides
Visnaga daucoides#Translingual

A plant in the celery family (Visnaga daucoides, syn. Ammi visnaga) grown for its seeds, which have been used as an herbal medicine.


bhaigan

bhaigan (usually uncountable, plural bhaigans)

Admitting to stealing the vegetables, Mohammed said, “Boss ah tief the thing, but not me alone.” The bhaigans were valued $100.

2015 February 7, Azard Ali, “Mother put on a bond for stealing bhaigans”, in Trinidad and Tobago Newsday:

(India, Trinidad and Tobago, cooking) brinjal, eggplant, aubergine


wild thyme

wild thyme (countable and uncountable, plural wild thymes)

Thymus serpyllum
Thymus serpyllum#Translingual

A flowering plant in the mint family, of species Thymus serpyllum.

zhumbricë

species of flowering plant in the mint family


Chinese elder

A species of elderberry, Sambucus javanica, in the family Adoxaceae native to subtropical and tropical Asia.


common millet

common millet (usually uncountable, plural common millets)

Panicum miliaceum
Panicum miliaceum#Translingual

Synonym of proso millet (Panicum miliaceum)

Setaria italica
Setaria italica#Translingual

(less common, esp. in older literature) Synonym of foxtail millet (Setaria italica)

Cenchrus americanus
Cenchrus americanus#Translingual

Pennisetum glaucum
Pennisetum glaucum#Translingual

(less common, esp. in older literature) Synonym of pearl millet (Cenchrus americanus (syn. Pennisetum glaucum))


cocona

A tropical shrub, Solanum sessiliflorum, grown for its edible fruit.


obeche

obeche (countable and uncountable, plural obeches)

The wood of this tree; whitish yellow in colour and easy to process.


wild turmeric

A species of turmeric, Curcuma aromatica.


white sweet potato

white sweet potato (plural white sweet potatoes)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-white sweet potato.wav

Ipomoea batatas
Ipomoea batatas#Translingual

A variety of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) that has a relatively white skin and flesh


tropical sweet potato

tropical sweet potato (plural tropical sweet potatoes)

white sweet potato
white sweet potato#English


jewel yam

A variety of moist-fleshed sweet potato.


Japanese mountain yam

Japanese mountain yam (plural Japanese mountain yams)

A Japanese species of yam, Dioscorea japonica


true yam

Any plant in the genus Dioscorea, or its tubers, so called to distinguish them from the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) varieties known as yams in the US, and from the New Zealand yam, Oxalis tuberosa .


New Zealand yam

New Zealand yam (usually uncountable, plural New Zealand yams)

(New Zealand) The oca, Oxalis tuberosa, a root vegetable introduced from South America.


Japanese ginger

Zingiber mioga
Zingiber mioga#Translingual


jasmine rice

jasmine rice (usually uncountable, plural jasmine rices)

A type of fragrant long-grain rice grown in Southeast Asia (Oryza sativa Indica Group).


kokama

I have heard that the Matabili have no name for this animal; but the Bechuana term is "Kokama."

1876, The Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, page 289:

The Oryx capensis of South Africa, or Gemsbok of the Dutch colonists, Kokama of the Bechuanas, is even more striking in its coloring.

1888, John Sterling Kingsley, Mammals, page 326:

The Gemsbok (Oryx capensis) is sometimes called the kokama, is nearly four feet in height, and has South Africa as its habitat.

Contrast of first and most recent regenerations of USDA Hopi kokoma and blue maize varieties conserved ex situ.

1999, Virginia D. Nazarea, Ethnoecology: Situated Knowledge/located Lives, →ISBN, page 140:

In addition, black (or purple) corn, known as kokoma, or Masau'u's corn, symbolically representing the direction of Above, is planted in May for the fall havest.

2011, Gary A. David, The Kivas of Heaven: Ancient Hopi Starlore, →ISBN:

Among just five families, Whiting found the following grops were still grown on a regular basis: yellow, red, blue, white, violet, pink, and speckled flour and flint corns; purple-backed kokama corn; sweet corn; shite and gray lima beans; white and blue string beans; grease beans; pole beans; white tepary beans; peanuts; watermelons; casaba melons; honeydew melons; muskmelons; banana squash; cushaw squash; Hubbard squash; cucumbers; onions; chilies; tomatoes; turnips; red dye amaranths; cabbages; peaches; pears; apricots; apples; grapes; and cherries.

2012, Gary Paul Nabhan, Where Our Food Comes From, →ISBN, page 133:

A variety of corn with purple kernels cultivated by the Hopi.

Kokoma or guinea grass (Rottboelia exaltata) is a heavy cropping plant which makes good silage.

1954, Stephen John Watson, Abstracts on the Conservation of Grass and Other Forage Crops Up to 1939:

However, 10 of the 18 places are filled by grass species: 2 Cynodon dactylon (couch grass), 2 Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyard grass), 4 Echinochloa colona (awnless barnyard grass(, 5 Eleusine indica (crowsfoot grass), 6 Sorghum halepense (Johnson grass(, 7 Imperata cylindricata (blady grass), 11 Digitaria sanguinalis (summer grass), 13 Avena fatua (wild oat), 17 Paspalum conjugatum (sourgrass) and 18 Rottboellia cochinchinensis (kokoma grass).

2001, Charles A. Lamp, Stephen J. Forbes, J. W. Cade, Grasses of Temperate Australia: A Field Guide, page 17:

A variety of grass Rottboellia cochinchinensis.


knotroot

Collinsonia canadensis, a perennial medicinal herb in the mint family, Lamiaceae.


winner's circle

(horse racing) An enclosed area next to a racetrack where the winning horse and jockey are brought for photographs and awards.


yellow jasmine

yellow jasmine (countable and uncountable, plural yellow jasmines)

Italian yellow jasmine

Chrysojasminum humile, syn. Jasminum humile

Chrysojasminum humile (syn. Jasminum humile), native to Asia

Any of several species of plants with fragrant flowers resembling Jasminum humile

Gelsemium sempervirens, native to tropical and warm temperate regions of the Americas

Gelsemium sempervirens
Gelsemium sempervirens#Translingual

Pittosporum revolutum, native to Australia


bird's eye chili

bird's eye chili (plural bird's eye chilis)

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum#Translingual

A spicy chili pepper, a cultivar from the species Capsicum annuum, commonly found in Southeast Asia.


Italian tomato

Italian tomato (plural Italian tomatoes)

From Italian + tomato, from being a commonly encountered type of tomato in Italian cuisine.


tater tot

Appellativisation of the trademark Tater Tot.

For sandwiches, you might sink your teeth into a Cape Cod reuben with crispy cod, Swiss and coleslaw with tater tots or sweet potato fries, fried chicken and waffle sandwich with maple aioli, or bacon jam burger — maple bourbon bacon jam, gorgonzola, fried egg, arugula, tomato.

2022 June 12, Lauren Daley, “How to eat through Blackstone Valley in a weekend”, in Boston Globe:

(Canada, US) A small cylindrical piece of grated potato, generally deep-fried.


sweet maudlin

A European herb with fragrant leaves, sweet-Nancy, sweet yarrow (Achillea ageratum).

Tanacetum balsamita
Tanacetum balsamita#Translingual

Costmary, a fragrant herb (Tanacetum balsamita).


lamb's ears

Stachys byzantina, an ornamental low-growing perennial related to betony with soft, silky hairs on the leaves which give it an attractive silvery-gray color.

綿毛水蘇 /绵毛水苏

ornamental plant with silky hairs on the leaves


English oregano

The most common type of oregano, Origanum vulgare subsp. vulgare, which grows wild in England.


wild marjoram

wild marjoram (usually uncountable, plural wild marjorams)

(UK) English oregano, Origanum vulgare subsp. vulgare, which grows wild in the British Isles.


Mt. Pima oregano

An herb related to bee balm native to Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico, Monarda austromontana, which smells and tastes like oregano


Mexican oregano

Mexican oregano (usually uncountable, plural Mexican oreganos)

A Mexican and southwestern-US herb related to bee balm, Mt. Pima oregano, Monarda austromontana, which smells and tastes like oregano


Spanish oregano

A mediterranean herb similar to thyme, Thymbra capitata, which smells and tastes like oregano and which is an important source for oil of oregano.


mare's teat

Incidentally, a famous wine grape brought in from the Silk Road, still being used to make wine in the Northwest, is called mare's teat (perhaps because of its shape); because in Chinese the same word is used for both "teat" and "milk," it is sometimes incorrectly rendered in English as "kumiss grape."

1999, Catharina Y.W. Ang, Keshun Liu, Yao-Wen Huang, Asian Foods: Science and Technology, →ISBN, page 391:

They also carried the special mare's teat grapes from the oasis of Khocho (packed in ice in lead containers) and sold luxury goods from the west to the Chinese: Sassanian silverware from Persia which had a huge influence on Chinese silverwork, glass vessels and beads from Syria and Babylon, amber from the Baltic, Mediterranean coral, brass for Buddhist images, and purple woollen cloth from Rome.

2004, Frances Wood, The Silk Road: Two Thousand Years in the Heart of Asia, →ISBN, page 67:

I partied at Aksu until they began to tire of me and started asking whether I wouldn't prefer to pay for my mare's teat grape wine.

2009, David Foster, Sons of the Rumour, →ISBN:

“I have not tasted mare's teat wine in more than two years,” he said. “I should be honoured to be your guest. Shall we invite the prefect to join us?”

'Excellent!' he exclaimed. 'The finest sweet wine, made from the best mare's teat grapes in Kocho - a valued ally in these troubled times.'

2011, Peter Ward, Dragon Horse, →ISBN, page 51:

A variety of wine grape from the Central Asian oases with distinctively shaped, brownish-purple fruit.


Trousseau

From French trousseau, diminutive of trousse (“bundle”), possibly from the fact that the grapes in each bunch appear tightly packed together.

Vitis vinifera
Vitis vinifera#Translingual

A variety of red wine grape of the species Vitis vinifera originating in eastern France which is often used in port wine; Bastardo.


corobane

Apparently originated c. 1971 as an error for cowbane.


cavendishia

(botany) Any of the genus Cavendishia of woody perennial plants.


kakdi

Considered one of the best mid-meal snack or finger food in summer, cucumber (kakdi, kheera) is known to flush out toxins from the body.

2016 June 17, “Beat dehydration with these vegetables”, in The Times of India:


bramberry

From Middle English bramber, brember, from Old English brēmber, from Proto-West Germanic *brāmabaʀi. Doublet of frambesia and framboise. Cognate with German Brombeere. Related with bramble, brambleberry.

Ellagic acid is the most abundant phenolic compound in cloudberry and red bramberry (Häkkinen et al. 1999). In red berries the major flavonol group present is the anthocyanins.

2010, Kjell Nilsson, Marcus Sangster, Christos Gallis, Forests, Trees and Human Health:


southernwort

To prevent which, take Southernwort and Hellebore each a handful, bruife and boil'd 'em in two quarts of Cow's Milk; give half a pint at a time, and so wash them in Water wherein Holly has been boil'd, then let'em blood, and it will prevent the falling of the Hair, and Diseases attending it.

1710, James Lambert, The Countryman's Treasure:

Others commonly take three Ounces of the Seeds of Smallage, and three Ounces of Hylop, and as much Southernwort, and boil 'em well in Oil and Wine mingled together, and give the Horse to drink: Keep the Horse warm, and let him neither drink cold Water, nor eat dry dusty Hay.

1734, Gervase Markham, Markham's Master-piece:

Boil the bulbs (roots) of the white lilly in cream, and put it on the sore in form of a plaster. Southernwort has the same effect.

1850, Johann Georg Hohman, The Long Lost Friend, Or, Faithful & Christian Instructions Containing Wonderous and Well-tried Arts & Remedies, for Man as Well as Animals:


miracle berry

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-miracle berry.wav

Certain plants and their fruit that make sour foods taste sweet, native to west Africa, of species:

Synsepalum dulcificum, which contain miraculin;


golden alexanders

golden alexanders (plural golden alexanders)


earthberry

From earth + berry. First attested in the 1800s, mostly in texts about or translated from German or other languages which use similar terms, of which it is likely a calque: German Erdbeere, Dutch aardbei, Danish jordbær, etc. Compare Old English eorþberġe (“strawberry”, literally “earthberry”). Also compare Polish poziomka, Russian земляни́ка (zemljaníka) (related to земля́ (zemljá)).

cog

The berries of the islands are sweet black currants, cranberries or goosh, strawberries and earthberries, together with the diddy, mountain, and malvina berries common to the Falkland Islands.

1869 July 1, Thomas Bridges, “Fireland and its people”, in The South American Missionary Magazine, volume III, page 114:

One time, the poor man had had no bread in the cupboard for a whole week, and the family lived on roots and stewed earthberries.

1882, Jeremiah Curtin, “The Round Stone (A Hungarian Folk-story)”, in St. Nicholas, volume 9:

Wild Strawberries (Fragaria virginiana): A member of the rose family, the strawberry also has the nickname earthberry. No one could mistake this plant's succulent red and juicy berries.

It didn't take long for the waves of heat to reach him, and with them came the scents of tempanuts, earthberries, and honey.

2012, Lena Horn, The Celestial Saga: Forgotten Fox:

One evening in Norway we had earthberries and cream just as Mr Haythornthwaite, the Englishman who visited our town when I was a child, would have had in Norway in the nine-teen-twenties.

2013, Desmond Hogan, Farewell to Prague:

The Portuguese word is also a mystery. In northern Europe it is simply the earth-berry due to the plant's habit of creeping along the ground.

2014, Denis Dunstone, Why Is an Apple a Pomme?:

(rare, nonstandard) A berry whose fruit lies upon the ground, in particular the strawberry (plant and fruit)


kaempferia

(botany) Any of the genus Kaempferia of plants in the ginger family, native to Asia.


ghost chili

Calque of Assamese ভোট-জলকীয়া (bhüt-zolokia, literally “Bhutanese chili”). The first element bhüt, meaning Bhutanese, was mistakenly confused for near-homonym ভূত (bhut) meaning ghost, thus producing the English (mis-)translation “ghost pepper”.


black rice

en-noun

black rice (usually uncountable, plural black rices)

A type of rice of the species Oryza sativa L. which is black or dark purple in color and often glutinous.


Young dewberry

Young dewberry (plural Young dewberries)


Verdelho

A white wine grape grown throughout Portugal, especially on the island of Madeira.

A kind of Madeira wine made with this grape.


white grape

Any variety of grape with a greenish or whitish color.

fehérszőlő

variety of grapes with a greenish or whitish color


Cavendish banana

Cavendish banana (plural Cavendish bananas)

Named after William Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire.

The Cavendish banana that is so popular in North America and Europe can be thought of as a lucky accident because it produces no pollen or seeds from which it can reproduce.

2005, Rachel Eagen, The Biography of Bananas, Crabtree Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 11:

Musa acuminata
Musa acuminata#Translingual

A banana of the triploid (AAA) cultivars of Musa acuminata.


sciacarello

A red wine grape variety grown in Corsica


Chinese goldthread

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

A herb, Coptis chinensis, used in traditional Chinese medicine.


currant tomato

currant tomato (plural currant tomatoes)

Solanum pimpinellifolium, a small, sweet wild tomato native to Ecuador and Peru.


yellow beet

A yellow variety of beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris var. lutea)


miller's grape

From the powdery white appearance of the leaves, as if covered in flour.

A hardy grape variety, cultivated in Burgundy for making wine.


Puissance

Puissance (countable and uncountable, plural Puissances)

(equestrianism) Alternative letter-case form of puissance.


haanepoot

A kind of large, fleshy South African grape.


grain of paradise

grain of paradise (plural grains of paradise)

Aframomum melegueta
Aframomum melegueta#Translingual

(rare, usually in the plural) A seed of Aframomum melegueta.


water parsnip

Any plant of the genus Sium, as the skirret.


oshac

The perennial herb Dorema ammoniacum, whose stem yields ammoniacum.


almond potato

A potato of an oval or almond-shaped variety, usually yellow or white, considered a delicacy in Norway and Sweden.


garden nightshade

Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum#Translingual

The black nightshade (Solanum nigrum), of Europe.


HTP

HTP (countable and uncountable, plural HTPs)

(biochemistry) Initialism of hydroxytryptophan.

high-test peroxide
high-test peroxide#English

(inorganic chemistry) Initialism of high-test peroxide.


canefruit

canefruit (countable and uncountable, plural canefruits)

Fruit grown on canes, such as raspberries and blackberries.


feterita

feterita (countable and uncountable, plural feteritas)


turn of foot

So myth number one is that horses who finish fast in the final furlong are horses to follow because they possess a turn of foot.

2004, Alan Potts, Against the Crowd, →ISBN, page 23:

He had a turn of foot that could see him outsprint many a staying horse over the 2400 metres, but that was his limit.

The squareish track was flat and suited horses with a turn of foot, which exactly described the two runners that Brewer was sending there on the day following Matt's return from Sedgefield.

2009, Lyndon Stacey, Murder in Mind, →ISBN, page 155:

Meanwhile Charlie Bell reported the stable's latest acquisition: a very good jumper but, as far as he could determine to date, 'without a great turn of foot'.

2014, Peter O'Sullevan, Calling The Horses: A Racing Autobiography, →ISBN:

(horse racing) The ability to accelerate quickly.

A good deal of a horse's efforts at acceleration are dissipated by the surface. On grass, a turn of foot is a powerful weapon. On dirt or the All-weather it counts for very little.

2002, Nick Mordin, Betting for a Living, →ISBN, page 51:

He had failed to match the lightening turn of foot of Desert Destination, but was now eating up the ground and was almost up-sides.

2003, Paddy Cummins, Green Lodge, →ISBN, page 94:

He felt that, as he put him in a gallop, the estimated speed they were travelling at was forty miles an hour and his turn of foot was breathtaking.

2013, B. J. Newing, The Rawlinson Family Story, →ISBN, page 102:

The winner then found an impressive and immediate turn of foot to accelerate away from Nichols Canyon after the second-last, and he was full value for his healthy winning margin at the line.

2016 December 29, Greg Wood, “Petit Mouchoir on course for Champion Hurdle after Leopardstown victory”, in The Guardian:

(horse racing) A burst of speed in a horse race.


red sanders

A tree of species Pterocarpus santalinus or its reddish heartwood, highly valued in woodworking, and used as a dye as well as a traditional herbal medicine.


Chinese mugwort

A herbaceous perennial plant from one of two species, Artemisia argyi or Artemisia verlotiorum, used in traditional Chinese medicine.


asparagus bean

Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis
Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis

A bean of east Asia with long, edible pods, a yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis).


desert bean

(US) A wild plant of species Phaseolus filiformis, with edible beans, native to arid regions in northern Mexico and the southwestern US.


crowder pea

Generally said to be from crowd, due to some varieties having seeds crowded together in the pod, but possibly from crowdy (“porridge, gruel”)

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata#Translingual

A type of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata, closely related to the black-eyed pea, but without the characteristic black spot.


common wheat

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum#Translingual

Triticum aestivum, a widely cultivated wheat species.


fauxtato

/fəʊˈteɪtəʊ/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-fauxtato.wav

Blend of faux (“artificial, fake”) + potato.

blend

Cauliflower when used as an alternative to potatoes by followers of a low-carbohydrate diet.


King Edward

A hamlet in north Aberdeenshire council area, Scotland (OS grid ref NJ7157).


walshnut

From Middle English walshenote, welshnote, from Old English *wealischnutu, equivalent to walsh + nut. Compare walnut.


Manchurian apricot

en-noun

Manchurian apricot (plural Manchurian apricots)

Prunus mandshurica, a tree native to northeast China, Korea, and Manchuria, with white or pink flowers and edible yellowish fruit.


savagnin

Uncertain, but compare French sauvignon.

Oxygen is an accomplice, not a foe, in the production of vin jaune, which is made of the savagnin grape, a Jura staple.

2009 September 23, Eric Asimov, “From Jura, Geeky but Versatile Wines”, in New York Times:

A variety of green grape from the Jura used to make white wine


falanghina

falanghina (countable and uncountable, plural falanghinas)

From Italian falanghina, possibly derived, through Neapolitan, from Latin phalanga (“pole for carrying things”, by extension “pole for sustaining grapevine”), from Ancient Greek φᾰ́λᾰγξ (phắlănx, “line, rank”), Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“beam, plank”).

der

The light white wine produced with this type of grape.


gawf

A cheap red-skinned fruit, known to costermongers as "gawfs," is rubbed hard, to look bright and feel soft, and is mixed with apples of a superior description. "Gawfs are sweet and sour at once," I was told, "and fit for nothing but mixing."

1851, Henry Mayhew, “Costermongers”, in London Labour and the London Poor, volume 1, Of the Tricks of Costermongers, page 61:

From Little White-Lion-street, an appleman in his stuff-coat swings out wide, side-pockets loaded. Doing brisk business, he turns to his young helper. 'Hurry it up with them gawfs!' he hisses. The boy redoubles his efforts, frantically rubbing at the redskinned fruit to make it look brighter and feel softer.

2011, Ed Hillyer, The Clay Dreaming, Myriad Editions:

In the piazza business is already brisk and the air is thick with costers' cries: 'Three a penny, two shillins the lot'; 'Best quality leeks, just look at the shine on these beauties'; 'Fine apples, mister – 'apenny each – you won't get no gawfs 'ere.

2012, Lynn Shepherd, Tom-All-Alone's, Hachette UK:

(obsolete, London, slang) A cheap and low-quality apple that has been polished to deceptively appear of better quality.


occabot

He took gayer and more commodious apartments, to suit the taste of the lady, who could not think of any residence not including a complete suite of rooms; his gorg was therefore transformed into eniw, and his occabot into sweet scented sragic.

1826, George Wood, The Rambles of Redbury Rook, page 177:

To discover the kind of entertainment, a lad near me and my companion was asked "if there was any flash dancing." With a knowing wink the boy answered "Lots! show their legs and all, prime!" and immediately the boy followed up this information by a request for a "yennep" to get a "tib of occabot."

1851, Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor, volume 1, Of the "Penny Gaff", page 41:


bobby bean

Similarly, the recent boom in imports of fine beans from Egypt has been based on pre-existing capabilities in growing the less sophisticated bobby beans.

2001, Oliver Morrissey, Igor Filatotchev, Globalisation and Trade, →ISBN:

For the UK market, it is important to note that fine beans are only acceptable up to a maximum of 7-5.5mm diameter. Thus, in this market, fine beans range from 6 to 7.5mm and bobby beans must be at least 8.5mm. Any product between 7.5 and 8.5mm is hard to sell.

2001, Commonwealth Secretariat, Guidelines for Exporters of Fruit and Vegetables to the European Markets, →ISBN:

Bobby beans are produced mostly in large plantations, as they are less labor-intensive than the extra fine beans, which tend to do better in smallholder farms due to high labor requirements.

2007, Julius Juma Okello, Clare Narrod, Devesh Roy, Food Safety Requirements in African Green Bean Exports and Their Impact on Small Farmers, page 4:

A French bean that is larger than 8mm in diameter, typically from a variety such as Nerina, Bronco, or Paulista.


fine bean

The double component is that both courgette and bean elements are twofold: yellow and green courgettes, cut into batons, oil-dressed and oven-roasted; waxy, kidney-curling vibrantly green broad beans, and darker green fine beans, both lightly boiled then refreshed to keep their verdant intensity.

2014, Nigella Lawson, Nigella Summer, →ISBN:

A French bean that is narrower than 7.5 to 9mm in diameter, typically from a species such as Monel, Garonnel, Amy, Masai, Longio, or Paulista.


Canaiolo

A red Italian wine grape, best known from Tuscany.


cow weed

From Middle English couwede, cowede, equivalent to cow + weed.


Pomeroy

en-proper noun

Pomeroy (countable and uncountable, plural Pomeroys)

Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland#English

A village in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland.

A small city in Calhoun County, Iowa, United States.

A city, the county seat of Meigs County, Ohio, United States.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A census-designated place in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States.

A city, the county seat of Garfield County, Washington, United States.


Kennebec

A small town, the county seat of Lyman County, South Dakota, United States.


California mugwort

en-noun

California mugwort (usually uncountable, plural California mugworts)

A fragrant perennial herb resembling mugwort native to western North America from Washington to northern Baja California, Artemisia douglasiana


Trollinger

Trollinger (countable and uncountable, plural Trollingers)

A grape variety grown predominantly in southern Germany.


horsetooth

What determined the success of his business was[…]a seven-field crop rotation, with wheat, horsetooth maize, sunflower, clover, and sainfoin following each other and giving a bigger and better crop from year to year[…].

1989, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, translated by H. T. Willetts, August 1914, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN, page 62:

A type of maize with kernels shaped like a horse's tooth, especially dent maize or a subtype.


black sage

black sage (usually uncountable, plural black sages)

(California) Any member of the species Salvia mellifera of aromatic sage native to California, which are an important nectar source for sage honey.

Wild sage (Cordia spp.), especially Cordia curassavica (syn. Cordia macrostachya)

Artemisia tridentata
Artemisia tridentata#Translingual

Certain sagebrushes (Artemisia arbuscula and Artemisia tridentata)


breakstone

breakstone (countable and uncountable, plural breakstones)

Any plant growing in stony places, especially in cracks in stone

Pimpinella saxifraga
Pimpinella saxifraga#Translingual


short head

Red Rum won by a short head.

(horse racing) A distance of less than the length of a horse's head


camote tops

(Philippines) The young leaves, leafstalks and stems of the sweet potato used as a vegetable.


kamote tops

(Philippines, rare) The young leaves, leafstalks and stems of the sweet potato used as a vegetable.


molave

molave (countable and uncountable, plural molaves)

From Spanish molave, from Tagalog mulawin.

(Philippines) A tree, either Vitex parviflora or Vitex cofassus in the family Lamiaceae.


yakal

yakal (countable and uncountable, plural yakals)

(Philippines) Shorea astylosa; a tree endemic to the Philippines.


ugniberry

ugniberry (countable and uncountable, plural ugniberries)

(countable) A shrub bearing that berry, of species Ugni molinae, related to the myrtle.


tazziberry

Coined as an Australian trademark, from Tasmania berry.


Guinea arrowroot

An ancient Caribbean and South American root crop, Goeppertia allouia (syn. Calathea allouia), with crisp, starchy tubers that taste somewhat like sweet corn.


apple banana

A type of small-fruited banana with a sweet, tangy flavor (Musa acuminata × Musa balbisiana).


red banana

A type of banana with short, plump red-skinned fruit having a soft texture and sweet flavor.


isodon

Any flowering plant of the genus Isodon.


camia

Hedychium coronarium
Hedychium coronarium#Translingual

Hedychium coronarium; a perennial flowering plant from the ginger family Zingiberaceae.


peach tree

Prunus persica
Prunus persica#Translingual

Prunus persica, a fruit tree of the genus Prunus, that bears peaches.


apricot tree

Prunus armeniaca
Prunus armeniaca#Translingual

A fruit tree which bears apricots; Prunus armeniaca.


half-length

(horse racing) Half the length of a horse.


kidney potato

Any of various kidney-shaped varieties of the common potato.


vinegarweed

From vinegar + weed, from the vinegary odour of its foliage.

Trichostema lanceolatum, an annual flowering herb of the mint family with an intensely pungent scent, native to western North America.


shisham

Dalbergia sissoo
Dalbergia sissoo#Translingual


cablish

In the Middle Ages there were regular arrangements for the disposal of cablish, wind-fallen wood, not only after exceptional storms like that in 1362.

2010, Oliver Rackham, chapter 8, in Woodlands (New Naturalist), London: Collins, page 165:

pannage

the mediaeval right access to acorns and beechmast for swine


point-to-point

From point (“individual element in a larger whole; specific location or place; topic of discussion or debate”) + to + point.

(horse racing, also attributively) A kind of horse race involving a direct cross-country course with obstacles for hunting horses and amateur riders.


gao lak

The economy now had a wide range of jobs, and society here welcomed a broad spectrum of ideas."........ get ready to sell gao lak/chestnuts for a living, maybe that's what he means.... :P

2003 June 4, soc.culture.singapore (Usenet):

I saw in the papers that there was this graduate frying "gao luk".

2004 February 3, soc.culture.singapore (Usenet):

In China, even buying gao lak or chestnuts from a street vendor is done via e-payment methods such as WeChat Pay and AliPay. This is one area Singapore is lagging behind, PM Lee noted.

2017 August 20, Lee Min Kok, “PM Lee Hsien Loong's National Day Rally speech: All you need to know in 3 minutes”, in The Straits Times:

Chestnuts roasted on wooden pushcarts. Gao lak probably fell out of fashion when littering laws came into effect and tossing the chestnut shells behind you as you walk would earn you a fine.

2015 April 14, Natalie Koh, “17 Nostalgic Street Snacks in Singapore that Bring Tears to Our Eyes”, in Tripzilla:Make it happen:

Kuali Baba: Today as I walked passed the gao lak seller, I almost thought I heard him chanting that.

2007 March 9, “'No more sweet potato boy – SgForums.com (Singapore)”, in SGFORUMS:


mao shan wang

/ˈmaʊ˦ ˈʃan˦ ˈwaŋ˨˦/

From Malay musang (“civet cat”), via Mandarin 貓山王 /猫山王 (māoshānwáng).

To make sure a seller isn't passing off a lesser durian as a Mao Shan Wang, look for prominent seams radiating from the base of the durian.

2008, July 13, Rebecca Lynn Tan, How to pick a durian, The Straits Times, page 4

Prized for its bright yellow, bittersweet flesh, Mao Shan Wang was a best-selling durian this year.

2008, 5 September, Tan Hsueh Yun, PURR-FECTLY YUMMY, The Straits Times, page 21

There are several different types of durian, with names such as Mao Shan Wang (Cat Mountain King), Hong Xia (Red Prawn), Mon Thong (Golden Pillow), or simple numbers such as D24, D1, D13 and D100.

2009, Marianne Rogerson, In Singapore: 60 Fabulous Adventures in the City, Times Printers Pte Ltd, page 157:

The coveted Mao Shan Wang, or Cat Mountain King, is a premium breed known for its creamy and sticky texture and bittersweet taste.

2010, 1 August, Kelvin Lim, The Durian Express, The Sunday Times, page 10

A popular variety like Mao Shan Wang (Musang King), which sold for as little as $12 per kg earlier this month, now costs at least $16 a kg.

2016, 30 August, Melissa Lin, Durian prices up as harvest peak ends, The Straits Times, page B4

Mr Shui, who has been in the business for more than 30 years, brings in about 10 durian varieties from both Johor and Penang – including the highly sought-after Mao Shan Wang.

2017, 9 July, Lee Si Xuan, Durian Doldrums, The Sunday Times, page A4

(Singapore, Malaysia) A premium variety of durian, characterized by its bright yellow flesh, bittersweet taste and creamy texture.


roastie

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-roastie.wav

From roast + -ie. The Internet slang sense likens a (promiscuous) woman's vulva to the filling of a roast beef sandwich.

“Shut the fuck up roastie,” wrote anonymous Twitter users with anime images as their avatars.

2019, Talia Lavin, Culture Warlords: My Journey Into the Dark Web of White Supremacy, unnumbered page:

Defy me and you will regret it, roastie.

2019, S. J. Maher, Social Misconduct, page 151:

[…] and "Stacy" denotes an attractive "roastie," a promiscuous young woman.

2020, Anne Hendershott, The Politics of Envy, unnumbered page:

(vulgar, derogatory, incel slang) A woman, especially a promiscuous one.


camagon

camagon (countable and uncountable, plural camagons)

From Spanish camagón, from Cebuano kamagong.

Diospyros blancoi
Diospyros blancoi#Translingual

A kind of persimmon tree (Diospyros blancoi) from the Philippine Islands, now introduced into the East and West Indies.


mummy nut

Nuts left over in trees after harvesting.


coconut meat

The white lining within the shell of a coconut; the endocarp of the coconut seed.

椰肉

the white lining within the shell of a coconut


prattie

Once I was in Ireland / Digging turf and pratties / And now I'm on a Yankee ship / Hauling on sheets and braces.

Haul Away Joe (sea shanty; Andrew Draskóy's version)

He was dressed in his best suit, looking well, his face brown from working in his potato patch. He grows five different varieties, still experimenting, trying to find a prattie that would resist the blight.


regmacarp

/ˈɹɛɡməkɑːp/

/ˈɹɛɡməkɑɹp/

From Ancient Greek ῥῆγμα (rhêgma, “something broken or rent asunder; a breach, cleft, fracture”) (possibly ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (“to break”)) + English -carp (suffix meaning ‘part of a fruit or fruiting body’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kerp- (“to harvest; to pluck”)), modelled after schizocarp. The word was probably coined by the Scottish physician and botanist William Ramsay McNab (1844–1889): see the 1871 article from the journal Nature quoted below.

coinage

Taking the word Schizocarp as a type, I venture to suggest the term Achænocarp for the group of Achænes as used by Dr. [Alexander] Dickson, thus avoiding all confusion, and allowing the term Achæne to remain in its restricted sense. Regmacarp I would apply to the group of capsules, using the term capsule for one division of the group. […] The derivation of these terms at once explains their application. […] Regmacarp from regma, a rupture, in allusion to the dehiscence. […] In using these terms I would employ them in the following manner:— […] II. Dry Dehiscent Fruits. 3. Regmacarps. A. Follicle. Simple, dehisces by one suture. […]

1871 October 12, W[illiam] R[amsay] McNab, “Remarks on the Classification of Fruits”, in Nature: A Weekly Illustrated Journal of Science, volume IV, London, New York, N.Y.: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC, page 475, column 2:

The truth is, that it is impossible to find a classification of fruits which is founded on strictly scientific principles—the forms merging into each other; […] Accordingly, in the following classification, in which we have mainly followed Dr [Maxwell Tylden] Masters, all the less easily defined forms are omitted, and the list reduced as much as possible, without at all destroying its usefulness. […] monothalmic fruits. A. Ripe pericarp uniform. […] Fruits dehiscent.—II. Pods, or Regmacarps—viz., Follicle, Legume, Siliqua, Capsule, Pyxis.

1874, Robert Brown, “The Fruit”, in A Manual of Botany: Anatomical and Physiological: For the Use of Students, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, pages 482–483:

Dr. Master's [i.e., Maxwell T. Masters'] modification of [Alexander] Dickson's and [William Ramsay] McNab's classification of simple fruits, as to primary kinds, is into 1. Nuts, or Achænocarps, dry and indehiscent; 2. Pods, or Regmacarps, dry, dehiscent; 3. Stone-fruits, or Pyrenocarps, fleshy without, indurated within, indehiscent; 4. Berries, or Sarcocarps, fleshy throughout, indehiscent.

1879, Asa Gray, “The Fruit”, in The Botanical Text-book. Part I. Structural Botany or Organography on the Basis of Morphology. […], 6th edition, London: Macmillan and Company, →OCLC, section II (The Kinds of Fruit), paragraph 555, footnote 1, page 292:

(botany, obsolete, rare) A fruit which, when mature, splits open to release its seeds; a dehiscent fruit.


pyinkado

From Burmese ပျဉ်းကတိုး (pyany:ka.tui:).


kentjur

Any of a number of flowering plants in the Zingiberaceae family, native to Asia, and having rhizomes used as spices.


white turmeric

Curcuma zedoaria
Curcuma zedoaria#Translingual

zedoary (Curcuma zedoaria), an herb with edible rhizomes.


chorogi

In general appearance, the plant is much like the Chorogi or Stachys Sieboldii which is sold as an esculent by the seedman, and a detailed report of which was made from this station two years ago

1892, Horticultural division, “A new edible plant—Stachys Floridana”, in Bulletin of the Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station, volume 61, page 329:

However, few studies have examined the neuroprotective effects of S. sieboldii tuber extract (chorogi extract), and it remains unknown whether the extract can alleviate learning and memory dysfunction associated with vascular dementia or Alzheimer's disease.

2015, S. Harada, T. Tsujita, A. Ono, K. Miyagi, T. Mori, S. Tokuyama, “Stachys sieboldii (Labiatae, Chorogi) Protects against Learning and Memory Dysfunction Associated with Ischemic Brain Injury”, in Journal of Nutrition Science and Vitaminology, →DOI, page 167:

The Chinese artichoke or crosne, Stachys affinis or S. sieboldii, an herbaceous plant of the family Lamiaceae.


Jonagold

An apple cultivar, a cross between Golden Delicious and Jonathan.


stripleaf

tobacco that has been stripped of the stalks before packing


daily double

Other than this defect, the payoffs are remarkably similar; as it is, if your choice is between the daily double and the parlay, bet on the former!

1991, Peter Asch, Richard E. Quandt, Racetrack Betting: The Professor's Guide to Strategies, →ISBN, page 169:

(horse racing or dog racing) A bet on the first-place winners of two consecutive races.


Dirty Dozen

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Dirty Dozen.wav

(basketball) The United States' men's basketball team (which consists of twelve players) at the 1998 FIBA World Championship.


Sierra plum

Prunus subcordata
Prunus subcordata#Translingual

A shrub or small tree native to northern California and southern Oregon, Prunus subcordata, sometimes grown for its edible fruit.


California plum

en-noun

California plum (plural California plums)


giant hyssop

giant hyssop (usually uncountable, plural giant hyssops)

Any plant in the genus Agastache, aromatic herbs in the mint family.


nettle-leaved horsemint

nettle-leaved horsemint (usually uncountable, plural nettle-leaved horsemints)

An aromatic herb of the western US in the mint family, Agastache urticifolia, used medicinally by the American Indians.


nettle-leaf giant hyssop

nettle-leaf giant hyssop (usually uncountable, plural nettle-leaf giant hyssops)

An aromatic herb of the western US in the mint family (Agastache urticifolia), used medicinally by the American Indians.


nettle-leaf horsemint

nettle-leaf horsemint (usually uncountable, plural nettle-leaf horsemints)

nettle-leaved horsemint
nettle-leaved horsemint#English

Alternative form of nettle-leaved horsemint


French parsley

Called French parsley by Europeans, chervil is a symbol of new life for them, because of its resemblance to myrrh given to baby Jesus.

[2006, Susheela Raghavan, Handbook of Spices, Seasonings, and Flavorings, 2nd edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 84:

Is it any wonder that a synonym for chervil is French parsley?

[2009, Thomas DeBaggio, Arthur O. Tucker, The Encyclopedia of Herbs […] , Timber Press, →ISBN, page 154:

Anthriscus cerefolium
Anthriscus cerefolium#Translingual


woodmarch

From Middle English wodemarch, wudemerch, from Old English wudemerċe, wudumerċe, from wude, wudu (“wood”) + merċe, mereċe (a type of aquatic plant), from Proto-Germanic *marikiz (“waterplant, celery, parsley”).

inh

Let the man who hath ill humours on his neck take halswort and woodmarch and wild chervil and strawberry plants and everthroat, and garclife, and ironhard gathered without use of any iron, and stitchwort, and knee holly and broad bishopwort and brownwort, […]

1866, Thomas Oswald Cockayne, Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England:

(botany) An umbelliferous plant, a species of sanicle (Sanicula europaea).


horse-comb

/ˈhɔːsˌkəʊm/

From Middle English horscomb, horsecombe, horskame, horskambe, from Old English horscamb (“horse-comb, curry-comb”), equivalent to horse + comb.

A Horſe-comb. Strigilis.

1675, Christopher Wase, Dictionarium Minus, A Compendious Dictionary English-Latin and Latin-English […] , 2nd edition, page 599:

In the reign of Henry V, the service seems to have been changed to the annual delivery of a “horse comb, value four-pence.”

1837, “Driving to Cover:-Portrait of J. S. W. S. Erle Drax, Esq. Charborough Park, Dorsetshire.”, in The New Sporting Magazine, volume 13, number 79, page 262:

After six weeks in Belgium he arrived in England with only two possessions: an aluminium horse comb and a handkerchief.

2003, Pamela Howe Taylor, The Germans We Trusted: Stories of Friendship Resulting from the Second World War, →ISBN, page 34:

A curry comb (comb used for brushing a horse's coat)


scratch race

(horse racing) A catchweight horse race.


gmelina

The air is cool in this shade of whistling gmelina trees.

2023, Stephen Buoro, The Five Sorrowful Mysteries of Andy Africa, Bloomsbury Circus, page 63:

(botany) Any member of the genus Gmelina.


bearwort

Meum athamanticum
Meum athamanticum#Translingual

A perennial alpine plant, Meum athamanticum.


lumbayao

The wood from this tree, commercially sold as Philippine mahogany


blackcurrant

1993, R. D. Davidson, 19: The vegetation of Lough Neagh wetlands, R.B. Wood, R.V. Smith (editors), Lough Neagh: The Ecology of a Multipurpose Water Resource, Monographae Biologicae: Volume 69, page 487,
Blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum) and guelder rose (Viburnum opulus) are frequent but alder buckthorn (Frangula alnus) a common constituent of East Anglian carr is very rare.

Blackcurrant leaf has a diuretic action [11,12,14], therefore it should not be taken concurrently with diuretics indicated for cardiac or renal insufficiency except on medical advice.

2003, European Scientific Cooperative on Phytotherapy, ESCOP Monographs: The Scientific Foundation for Herbal Medicinal Products, page 426:

On this first day I concentrated on bushes - gooseberry and blackcurrants for the bottom end borders, rhododendrons for the front inside the wall and a couple of hydrangeas in the spaces left in the monoblocking to the left of the front door.

2005, Bernard Stocks, The Teenage Pensioner, page 112:

A shrub, Ribes nigrum, that produces small, very dark purple, edible berries.


whortle bush

/ˈwɜːtl̩bʊʃ/

The Red Bilberry, or whortle-bush, riseth up like the [Black], having sundry harder Leaves, like the Box-Tree Leaves, green and round pointed standing on the several Branches […]

1652, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physitian, London: Peter Cole, page 16:

With a short breath of wonder, and a long one of delight, Rose stopped, and sat down by a low whortle-bush, with a pink frill still adorning it.

1882, Richard Doddridge Blackmore, chapter 4, in Christowell: A Dartmoor Tale, volume 2, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, page 69:

My course ran along by the foot of the beautiful Quantock Hills, where heavy-wooded coombes are scattered over the broad heathery downs, deep with bracken and whortle-bushes.

1889, Arthur Conan Doyle, chapter 23, in Micah Clarke:

The bird feigned a broken wing, and Vassilli, falling into the trap, instead of shooting her at once, followed her as she dodged through the whortle bushes.

1915, Maud Doria Haviland, chapter 9, in A Summer on the Yenisei, London: Edward Arnold, page 193:

Any of several shrubs belonging to the genus Vaccinium, bearing fruit known as whortleberries.


Indian saffron

From being a spice from the Indian subcontinent that is similar to saffron.


weight for age

[H]e would merely have remarked on its elegant hocks and golden horn and suggested that she enter it weight for age at Flemington.

2016, Kerry Greenwood, Murder and Mendelssohn, Sydney: Allen and Unwin, page 243:

(horse racing) Handicapped according to the age of the racehorse competing (and certain other factors).


weight for age

"What did I say about Nightcap last week? Here he's won the Weight for Age at twelve to one."

1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 140:


cheelam

en-noun

cheelam (countable and uncountable, plural cheelams)

(India) An earthen bowl in which tobacco is kept and smoked through its hollow neck.


chasteberry

Vitex agnus-castus
Vitex agnus-castus#Translingual


danshen

zh-m

丹參／丹参 (dānshēn)

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

A perennial sage of species Salvia miltiorrhiza, valued in traditional Chinese medicine for its roots.


Nebbiolo

en-noun

Nebbiolo (usually uncountable, plural Nebbiolos)

/ˌnɛbɪˈəʊləʊ/

Borrowed from Italian nebbiolo, from nebbia (“fog”), after the grapes' appearance.

A fine red wine made near Alba from these grapes.


Italian parsley

Italian parsley (usually uncountable, plural Italian parsleys)

A flat-leafed type of parsley used in cooking and salads.


root parsley

root parsley (usually uncountable, plural root parsleys)

It is divided, botanically, into two groups: leaf parsley (Petroselinum crispum ssp. crispum) and root parsley (Petroselinum crispum ssp. tuberosum, or P. crispum convar. radicosum).

2009, Nancy Arrowsmith, Essential Herbal Wisdom […] , Llewellyn Worldwide, →ISBN, page 193:

A type of parsley with a large edible root (Petroselinum crispum Radicosum Group or Petroselinum crispum ssp. tuberosum).


Hamburg parsley

Hamburg parsley (usually uncountable, plural Hamburg parsleys)


turnip-rooted parsley

turnip-rooted parsley (usually uncountable, plural turnip-rooted parsleys)


mitsuba

From Japanese 三つ葉 (mitsuba) from 三つ (mitsu, “3”) + 葉 (ha, “leaf”).

An East Asian herb grown, especially in Japan, for its flavorful leaves, Cryptotaenia japonica.


hardy kiwi

A perennial vine native to China, Japan, Korea and Siberia (Actinidia arguta).


kiwi berry

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the hardy kiwi, an edible fruit similar to the kiwifruit


kiwiberry

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heritage tomato

heritage tomato (plural heritage tomatoes)


Longyan

In view of the successful results of the program for the establishment of owner-farmers that had been previously achieved at Lungyen, one of the seven hsien under the 7th Prefecture in Western Fukien Province, the 7th Prefectural Office wanted to implement a similar program in the other six hsien and submitted to JCRR, in January, 1949, a project for land reform and rural reconstruction.

[1954 October, Hui-sun Tang, “The Land Problem and Land Reform in Taiwan”, in Land Reform in Free China, Taipei: China Engraving & Printing Works, →OCLC, page 19:

Xinhua, the official news agency, said that nearly half the children who were tested last week in Longyan City in Fujian Province showed abnormally high levels of lead, which can cause developmental problems in children as well as a host of other ailments, including anemia, stomach pain and brain damage.

2009 September 27, Andrew Jacobs, “Chinese Tests Reveal Lead in Children Near a Plant”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2013-04-29, Asia Pacific:

A prefecture-level city in southwestern Fujian, China.


snap pea

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-snap pea.wav

Pisum sativum
Pisum sativum#Translingual

A cultivar of pea, Pisum sativum, having an edible pod like the snow pea, but differing from the latter in that its pod is more rounded.


hit the board

en-verb

hit the board (third-person singular simple present hits the board, present participle hitting the board, simple past and past participle hit the board)

hits the board (present singular third-person)
hitting the board (participle present)
hit the board (participle past)
hit the board (past)

(horse racing) To finish in first, second, third or fourth place, thus appearing on the winners' board.


sot-weed

en-noun

sot-weed (countable and uncountable, plural sot-weeds)

From sot (“a stupified, stupid, inebriated, addicted, or infatuated person”), and weed.

These Sot-weed Planters Crowd the Shoar [more recent explanatory foot-note] Sot-Weed, i. e. the sot making or inebriating weed; a name for tobacco, used at that time. A Sot-weed Factor, was a tobacco agent or supercargo.

1708, Ebenezer Cooke, The Sot-weed Factor: or, A Voyage to Maryland. A Satyr. In which is Describ'd The Laws, Government, Courts and Constitutions of the Country, and also the Buildings, Feasts, Frolicks, Entertainments and Drunken Humours of the Inhabitants of that Part of America. In Burlesque Verse., "at the Raven in Pater-Noster-Row", London: D. Bragg:

The Sot-Weed Factor [title]

1960, John Barth, The Sot-Weed Factor, Garden City, NY: Doubleday, →OCLC, page 518:

the effects of smoking sotweed... Depressions would produce modest efforts to diversify the economy but as soon as tobacco prices rose again, planters returned to “sotweed making”.

2010, Henry Miller, “The Lure of Sotweed: Tobacco and Maryland History”, in Slackwater: Oral Folk History of Southern Maryland, volume 3:

John Rolfe toiled over his tobacco plants, spending four years perfecting the cultivation and curing of his “sot weed”

2018, Kate Livie, “The Roots of the “Sot Weed””, in The Star Democrat, retrieved 2018-05-19:


nangca

Pigafetta mentions, for example, finding in Cebu such food items as rice, millet, panicum, sorgo, ginger, bananas, oranges, lemons, sugar cane, garlic, honey, coconuts, nangcas, and gourds.

1954, Conrado O. Benitez, History of the Philippines: Economic, Social, Cultural, Political, page 39:


Datterini tomato

Datterini tomato (plural Datterini tomatoes)

Literally, “datelike tomato”. See Datterini.

A sweet, elongated variety of tomato produced mainly in Italy.


quarrenden

"Will 'ee have some?" said Martha Ann presently, holding out her apron filled with rosy quarrendens.


hogberry

Any of several plants or their berries, usually neglected by humans


ajmoda

Probably from Hindi अजमोद (ajmod) from Sanskrit अजमोद (ajamoda)

(India) A plant related to ajwain, Trachyspermum roxburghianum, used as a spice and in Ayurvedic medicine.

(India) The seeds of wild celery, used in Indian folk medicine.


Persian apple

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broccoli rabe

broccoli rabe (countable and uncountable, plural broccoli rabes)

Ultimately from Italian broccoli di rapa (“sprouts or stalks of the turnip”).

der

Profiled by Sarah Di Gregorio in The Village Voice, Fratelli's is famous for its broccoli rabe specialties.

2010, Anthony Di Renzo, Bitter Greens, page 96:

Broccoli rabe is a classic Italian bitter green and it's a favorite in our family.

2012, Claire Criscuolo, Welcome to Claire's, page 119:

All the baking is done in-house, from the impressive selections in the breadbasket, including a stuffed bread with cheese, salami and broccoli rabe, to the desserts, like the feathery-light flourless chocolate cake, paired with a caramel gelato and topped off with a crisp chocolate tuile.

2015 July 16, Joanne Starkey, “Restaurant Review: Scarpetta Beach in Montauk Offers Meals to Match the View”, in New York Times:


broccoli raab

en-noun

broccoli raab (countable and uncountable, plural broccoli raabs)

Seven Top Turnip is often sold on New York State markets as green sprouting broccoli; and is sometimes called Broccoli Raab.[…]It is rather distinct from other turnips and is grown for the vigorous green tops which are used as greens[…]It produces a very poor root and is grown exclusively for the tops.

1928 October, H. W. Schneck, “Commercial Varieties of Vegetables for New York State”, in Cornell Extension Bulletin, number 176, page 29:


broccoli rape

broccoli rape (countable and uncountable, plural broccoli rapes)

(dated) Alternative form of broccoli rabe


hoof pick

A hooked tool, usually of metal, used to clean the hooves of a horse.

patakaparó

a hooked tool used to clean the hooves of a horse


deadly carrot

Any of the genus Thapsia of poisonous plants in the family Apiaceae.


patchoi

(Trinidad and Tobago) Alternative form of bok choy


ndengu

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata#Translingual

(Kenya) green gram (bean of Vigna radiata)


'mater

Shortening of a dialectal pronunciation of tomato (or the also-attested dialectal rendering termater) with intrusive rhotacism. Compare tater (“potato”) and 'naner (“banana”).

'mater sandwich

(Southern US, Appalachia, informal) Contraction of tomato.


Chinese yam

Chinese yam (countable and uncountable, plural Chinese yams)

Dioscorea polystachya
Dioscorea polystachya#Translingual

A cinnamon vine (Dioscorea polystachya),


hog plum

Any of several types of plants that produce plum-like fruit.

Certain species of Prunus, particularly Prunus angustifolia (Chickasaw plum), Prunus rivularis (wild-goose plum), and Prunus umbellata (Allegheny plum).

Prunus angustifolia
Prunus angustifolia#Translingual


hare's ear

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-hare's ear.wav

From Middle English harys eere, haris heere, hares eres, equivalent to hare's + ear.

Any of various plants in the genus Bupleurum.