absinthin

Artemisia absinthium
Artemisia absinthium#Translingual

(organic chemistry) The principal compound found in wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), having a bitter taste: C₁₅H₂₀O₄


absinthium

From Middle English absinthium, from Latin absinthium, from Ancient Greek ἀψίνθιον (apsínthion). Doublet of absinthe.

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press

(now rare) Common wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), an intensely bitter herb used in the production of absinthe and vermouth, and as a tonic.

The dried leaves and flowering tops of the wormwood plant.


absinthe

en-noun

absinthe (countable and uncountable, plural absinthes)

* (wormwood; figuratively bitterness, sorrow): From Middle English absinthe.
* (liquor): From Modern French absinthe.
Both from Middle French absinthe, from Latin absinthium, from Ancient Greek ἀψίνθιον (apsínthion, “wormwood”). Doublet of absinthium.

der

The herb absinthium Artemisia absinthium (grande wormwood); essence of wormwood.


Holy Ghost

From Middle English Holi Gost, from Old English Hāliġ Gāst, a calque of Latin Spīritus Sānctus, which in turn is a calque of Ancient Greek Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον (Pneûma tò Hágion), from πνεῦμα (pneûma, “breath, vital force, soul”) + ἅγιος (hágios, “holy”)), a calque of Hebrew רוח הקודש (ruaḥ ha-qodesh), from רוח (ruaḥ, “wind, breath, spirit”) + קודש (qodesh, “holiness”), from earlier רוח יהוה (ruaḥ yahveh, “wind of Yahweh”).

calque

Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον

Now the birth of Iesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Ioseph (before they came together) shee was found with childe of the holy Ghost.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 1:18:

O God the Holy Ghost, Perfecter of the Elect, Have Mercy on us.

1728, “The Litany of the Saints and Angels”, in A Manual of Prayers and Other Christian Devotions, page 50:

I baptise thee in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost.

1899, “Lay Baptism”, in The Catholic's Pocket Prayer-Book, page 4:

There are deadly sins from which God's people may recover. A man may even communicate unworthily, and yet, so be it he sin not against the Holy Ghost, he may find forgiveness.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

(Christianity) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to divine essence, which becomes present in and among the faithful (particularly inspired prophets) and is considered to proceed either (Eastern Orthodoxy) from God the Father alone or (Roman Catholicism) from Him together with God the Son.


rosemary

en-noun

rosemary (usually uncountable, plural rosemaries)

/ˈɹoʊzˌmɛəɹi/

From Middle English rosmary, rosemarye, alteration (based on rose + Mary) of earlier Middle English rosmarine, rosemaryn, partly from Old French rosmarin, partly directly from Latin rōsmarīnus (“rosemary”), from rōs (“dew, moisture”) + marīnus (“marine, of the sea”).

compound

Salvia rosmarinus
Salvia rosmarinus#Translingual

Rosmarinus officinalis
Rosmarinus officinalis#Translingual

A shrub, Salvia rosmarinus (formerly Rosmarinus officinalis), that originates from Europe and Asia Minor and produces a fragrant herb used in cooking and perfumes.

marsh rosemary

genus Limonium or species Rhododendron tomentosum


basil

en-noun

basil (usually uncountable, plural basils)

→ Indonesian: basil

Inherited from Middle English basile, from Middle French basile, from Old French basile, from Medieval Latin basilicum, from Ancient Greek βασιλικόν (basilikón, “royal”), from βασιλεύς (basileús, “king”). Doublet of basilic, basilicon, and basilicum; further related to basileus, basilean, and basileiolatry.

doublet

Ocimum basilicum
Ocimum basilicum#Translingual

The leaves of this plant used as a herb.


basil

Corrupted from English basan, from French basane, from Late Latin basanium, from Arabic بِطانَة (biṭāna, “lining”).


basil

When I once more feel that sharp smarting around the scabby sores that cluster like so many oysters on my ankles beneath my chained iron basils, I know that the tide has turned.

2001, Richard Flanagan, Gould's Book of Fish, Vintage, published 2016, page 49:

(now historical, archaic) A fetter fastened round the ankle of a prisoner.


cohosh

en-noun

cohosh (countable and uncountable, plural cohoshes)

From an Algonquian word meaning "rough", probably Eastern Abenaki / Penobscot *kkwὰhas. Compare Massachusett kushki (“(it is) rough”). Compare English cocash.

A perennial American herb (Caulophyllum thalictroides), the rough rootstock of which is used in medicine.


sage

en-adj

sage (comparative sager, superlative sagest)

sager (comparative)
sagest (superlative)

From Middle English sage, from Old French sage (11th century), from Latin *sapium, from Latin sapere (“to taste, to discern, to be wise”).
The noun meaning "man of profound wisdom" is recorded from circa 1300. Originally applied to the Seven Sages of Greece.


sage

’Tis certain, that, while we aſpire to the magnanimous Firmneſs of the philoſophic Sage, and endeavour to confine our Pleaſures altogether within our own Minds, we may, at laſt, render our Philoſophy, like that of Epictetus and other Stoics, only a more refin’d Syſtem of Selfiſhneſs, and reaſon ourſelves out of all Virtue, as well as ſocial Enjoyment.

1748, [David Hume], “Essay V. Sceptical Solution of these Doubts.”, in Philosophical Essays Concerning Human Understanding, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, part I, page 69:

A wise person or spiritual teacher; someone of gravity and wisdom, especially, a teacher venerable for years, and of sound judgment and prudence; a grave or stoic philosopher.


sage

en-noun

sage (usually uncountable, plural sages)

From Middle English sauge, from Middle French sauge, from Old French salje, from Latin salvia, from salvus (“healthy”), see safe. Doublet of salvia.

broom sage

species of Chrysothamnus, Ericameria, Lorandersonia

purple sage

Salvia leucophylla; Artemisia tridentata

silvery sage

Salvia officinalis
Salvia officinalis#Translingual

The plant Salvia officinalis and savory spice produced from it; also planted for ornamental purposes.

Any of a number of plants such as sagebrush considered to be similar to Salvia officinalis, mostly because they are small shrubs and have gray foliage or are aromatic.


dill

dill (countable and uncountable, plural dills)

From Middle English dile, from Old English dile (“dill, anise”); from Proto-Germanic *deliz, of uncertain, probably non-Indo-European origin, possibly a west European substrate.
Cognate with Old Saxon dilli, Dutch dille, Swedish dill, German Dill.

The life of one plant would be affected by another. Rue was definitely hostile to basil, rosemary to hyssop, but coriander, dill and chervil lived on the friendliest of terms[.]

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 253:

Anethum graveolens
Anethum graveolens#Translingual

Anethum graveolens (the type species of the genus Anethum), a herb, the seeds of which are moderately warming, pungent, and aromatic, formerly used as a soothing medicine for children; also known as dillseed.


marjoram

marjoram (countable and uncountable, plural marjorams)

/ˈmɑːd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəm/

/ˈmɑɹd͡ʒəɹəm/

From Old French majorane, from Medieval Latin maiōrana.

The Lillie I condemned for thy hand, / And buds of marierom had ſtolne thy haire

1609, William Shakespeare, “Sonnet 99”, in Shake-speares Sonnets. […], London: By G[eorge] Eld for T[homas] T[horpe] and are to be sold by William Aspley, →OCLC:

Origanum majorana
Origanum majorana#Translingual

A herb of the mint family, Origanum majorana, having aromatic leaves.


thyme

thyme (countable and uncountable, plural thymes)

From Middle English tyme, from Old French thym, from Latin thymum, from Ancient Greek θύμον (thúmon).

Any plant of the labiate genus Thymus, such as garden thyme (Thymus vulgaris), a warm, pungent aromatic, that is much used to give a relish to seasoning and soups.

𒄩𒋗𒌑

plant of the genus Thymus — see also wild thyme


old man

old man (countable and uncountable, plural old men)

From Middle English alde mann, aldman, elde man, oldeman, from Old English eald man.

(theology, uncountable) Synonym of Old Adam


wormwood

wormwood (countable and uncountable, plural wormwoods)

From Middle English wormwode, a folk etymology (as if worm + wood) of wermode (“wormwood”), from Old English wermōd, wormōd (“wormwood, absinthe”), from Proto-West Germanic *warjamōdā (“wormwood”). Cognate with Middle Low German wermode, wermede (“wormwood”), German Wermut (“wormwood”). Doublet of vermouth.

der

But as I said, / When it did taste the wormwood on the nipple / Of my dug and felt it bitter, pretty fool, / To see it tetchy and fall out with the dug!

c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iii (the nurse's monologue)]:

Therefore thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel; Behold, I will feed them, even this people, with wormwood, and give them water of gall to drink.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 9:15:

Blue skippers in sunny hours ope and shut
Where wormwood and grunsel flowers by the cart ruts […]

c. 1864, John Clare, We passed by green closes:

Cliff took two glasses and filled one with wine
And one with wormwood.

1897, Edwin Arlington Robinson, “Cliff Klingenhagen”, in Children of the Night:

An intensely bitter herb (Artemisia absinthium and similar plants in genus Artemisia) used in medicine, in the production of absinthe and vermouth, and as a tonic.


salvia

Borrowed from Latin salvia (“sage”). Doublet of sage.

A plant in the genus Salvia, such as sage.

Salvia divinorum, a plant used for its hallucinogenic properties; diviner's sage.


emmenagogue

From Ancient Greek ἔμμηνα (émmēna, “menses”) + ἀγωγός (agōgós, “leading”).

Take of the emmenagogue decoction, six ounces; borax, fifteen grains; troches of myrrh, two scruples; dittany of Crete, finely powdered, ten grains; […]

1775, The practice of the British and French hospitals:

The term emmenagogue is applied to any remedy or indeed any resource whatever which normalizes the menses.

1914, Albert Henry Buck, A Reference Handbook of the Medical Sciences:

Because of its phenolic ether content (methyl chavicol), which varies within wide limits, depending on the species, the origin and the time of harvesting, basil is often cited as an emmenagogue.

2007, Shirley Price, Aromatherapy for Health Professionals, page 71:

(medicine) An herb that stimulates blood flow in the pelvic area and uterus, causing menstruation.


watercress

en-noun

watercress (countable and uncountable, plural watercresses)

/ˈwɔːtəkɹɛs/

/ˈwɔtəɹkɹɛs/

From Middle English water cresse, water-kresse, watercrasse, water cars, equivalent to water + cress. Cognate with West Frisian waterkers (“watercress”), Dutch waterkers (“watercress”), Swedish vattenkrasse (“watercress”).

A spring wells up in the centre of the village, and watercress beds lie beside the stream running alongside the main street.

1980, AA Book of British Villages, Drive Publications Ltd, page 178:

Nasturtium officinale
Nasturtium officinale#Translingual

A perennial European herb, Nasturtium officinale, that grows in freshwater streams; used in salads and as a garnish.


mugwort

mugwort (countable and uncountable, plural mugworts)

From Middle English mugwort, mugwyrt, mucgwurt, from Old English mucgwyrt, mucwyrt et al., from Proto-Germanic; probably corresponding to midge + wort. Cognate with regional Low German muggart, mugwurz.

Artemisia princeps - Japanese mugwort ()

used as a culinary herb and in traditional Chinese medicine

Any of several aromatic plants of the genus Artemisia native to Europe and Asia.


amaranth

amaranth (countable and uncountable, plural amaranths)

Borrowed from French amarante, or directly from its etymon Latin amarantus (the word ending influenced by plant names derived from Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos, “a bloom, blossom, flower”)), from Ancient Greek ἀμάραντος (amárantos, “eternal, undying, unfading, unwilting; amaranth; everlasting flower”) (modern Greek αμάραντος (amárantos)), from ᾰ̓- (ă-, the alpha privativum, a prefix forming words having a sense opposite to the word or stem to which it is attached) + μαραίνω (maraínō, “to shrivel, wither”) + -τος (-tos, suffix forming adjectives).

edible amaranth

Chinese amaranth, Ganges amaranth, willow-leaf amaranth; Amaranthus tricolor

In the Beginning of September, the Amaranths will have perfected their Seeds, ſo that you muſt make Choice of the largeſt, moſt beautiful, and beſt branching Plants of each Kind for Seed; […]

1733, Philip Miller, “AMARANTHUS, or AMARANTUS”, in The Gardeners Dictionary: […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: […] C[harles] Rivington, […], →OCLC, column 1:

Floral Decorations. […] Two pyramids of flowers, amaranths, asters, &c. A shield, or circular design, the ground of moss, ornamented with dahlias and globe amaranths.

1848 December, “Art. III. Exhibitions of Horicultural Societies.”, in The Magazine of Horticulture, Botany, and All Useful Discoveries and Improvements in Rural Affairs, volume XIV, number XII, Boston, Mass.: Hovey and Co., →OCLC, page 556:

To-morrow, oh, to-morrow, / In pastures green, where living waters swell, / And feed that fruitful tree, / We'll find the amaranth and asphodel, / There Mary's peerless lilies blossom well.

1905 January 19, Hetta L. H. Ward, “To-day”, in Henry Chandler Bowen, editor, The Independent, volume LVIII, number 2929, New York, N.Y.: The Independent, […], →OCLC, page 130, column 2:

[…] Chrysanthemum coronarium, L. (hao-ts‘ai (蒿菜), and an amaranth (Amarantus gangeticus, L.), hsien-ts‘ai (莧菜), are cultivated for the sake of their leaves.

1924, “[Reports from Ports] Hangchow”, in Decennial Reports on the Trade, Industries, etc., of the Ports Open to Foreign Commerce, and on the Condition and Development of the Treaty Port Provinces. 1912–21. Fourth Issue. […] (China. The Maritime Customs. I.—Statistical Series; no. 6), volumes II (Southern and Frontier Ports), Shanghai: Published at the Statistical Department of the Inspector General of Customs; sold by Kelly & Walsh, Limited [et al.], →OCLC, page 86:

[A]s she stood by the grilled entrance waiting for an answer to the message on her card, she might have been looking into Hollywood. The bizarre débris of some recent picture, a decayed street scene in India, a great cardboard whale, a monstrous tree bearing cherries large as basketballs, bloomed there by exotic dispensation, autochthonous as the pale amaranth, mimosa, cork oak, or dwarfed pine.

1934, F[rancis] Scott Fitzgerald, Tender is the Night: A Romance, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC; republished as chapter VI, in Malcolm Cowley, editor, Tender is the Night: A Romance … With the Author’s Final Revisions, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1951, →OCLC, book II (Rosemary’s Angle: 1919–1925), page 79:

Such vegetable amarants have a fair content of protein and are rich in Vitamins A and C, as well as in minerals; but they contain also slight amounts of anti-nutritional factors, especially oxalates and nitrates. These leaf-producing amarants are adapted to many different ecological environments.

1989, Heinz Brücher, “Farinaceous Plants”, in Useful Plants of Neotropical Origin and Their Wild Relatives, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, →DOI, →ISBN, section 1 (Amaranthus spp.), page 54:

While seabeach amaranth is a fugitive annual, its habitat requirements are known; it is found on sandy ocean beaches, where its primary habitat consists of overwash flats at accreting ends of islands and the sparsely vegetated zone between the high-tide line and the toe of the primary dune on non-eroding beaches. This narrow habitat niche for seabeach amaranth is bounded by its relative intolerance of flooding in lower beach settings and competition with other plants in upper beach and dune settings.

2010 November, “Appendix C: Concern Response Report [NPS Response to Comments on the Draft Plan/EIS]”, in Cape Hatteras National Seashore Off-road Vehicle Management Plan Final Environmental Impact Statement (NPS FES 10-55), volume 2, [Washington, D.C.]: National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior, →OCLC, page C-223:

Any of various herbs of the genus Amaranthus.

amaranth:

[F]rom the mixture of blue and ſcarlet are form'd amaranth, violet, and panſy; from the ſame mixture of blue and crimſon red are form'd the columbine or dove Colour, purple, crimſon, amaranth, panſy and crimſon violet.

1735, “COLOURS us’d in DYING”, in Dictionarium Polygraphicum: Or, The Whole Body of Arts Regularly Digested. […], volume I, London: Printed for C. Hitch and C. Davis […], and S. Austen […], →OCLC:

Almost all the specimens [of stamps] with this watermark are perforated. They are—the amaranth penny with two florets and two letters; the same with four letters, whatever the value of the minute figure at the sides; and the current penny with four letters, deep amaranth colour.

1866 February 1, “Postage-stamp Paper & Watermarks”, in The Stamp-collector’s Magazine, volume IV, London: E. Marlborough & Co., […]; Bath, Somerset: Alfred Smith & Co., […], →OCLC, page 18, column 1:

Cotton stuff mordanted with alumina alone takes an amaranth, red or violet rose red colour. […] Amaranth, red, bluish rose, poppy, and scarlet are the colours prepared by the dyer with ordinary cochineal. Ammoniacal cochineal gives amaranth colours, and is employed in combination with many other colours.

1872 June, “Chemicals and Dye Wares. VI.”, in The Chemical Review: A Monthly Journal […], volume I, number 10, London: The Chemical Review Office, […], →OCLC, page 155, column 2:

As a colour, too, amaranth has gone to a decline. It was well enough known in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries to make it into both dictionaries and fashion reports. […] Time, sadly, has given the lie to Aesop: the rose’s beauty is as beloved as ever, while amaranth’s fortunes have withered.

2016, Kassia St Clair, “Amaranth”, in The Secret Lives of Colour, London: John Murray, →ISBN:

The characteristic purplish-red colour of the flowers or leaves of these plants.

Amaranth, the most common red food colour in both the US and UK, was banned last week in the US after a study suggested that it caused cancer in rats. […] The situation is confused, however, because the test rats were mixed up with the controls in the US tests, and because some tests have indicated hazards while similar tests show the dye to be safe. In April 1975, the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) gave amaranth temporary approval through 1978.

1976 January 29, “US Bans Commonest Red Food Colour”, in Bernard Dixon, editor, New Scientist, volume 69, number 985, London: New Science Publications, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 234, column 1:

Amaranth is a red azo-dye with the chemical name trisodium 2-hydroxyl-1-(4-sulfonato-1-naphthylazo)naphthalene-3,6-disulfonate […]. Amaranth appears to be relatively unstable in solution and in processed food. Biscuits containing Amaranth showed a loss of 39–45% promoted by the use of baking soda, sucrose, and dextrose. The degradation of Amaranth may lead to the presence of naphthenic acid equivalent to the loss of Amaranth.

2015, J. König, “Food Colour Additives of Synthetic Origin”, in Michael J. Scotter, editor, Colour Additives for Foods and Beverages (Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition; no. 279), Amsterdam: Elsevier; Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Woodhead Publishing, →ISBN, part 1 (Development and Regulatory Issues for Food Colourings), section 2.2.4 (Amaranth), page 41:

(organic chemistry) A red to purple azo dye used as a biological stain, and in some countries in cosmetics and as a food colouring. See Amaranth (dye).

They [the Aztecs] considered the plant sacred and it played a key role in many rituals. The Catholic Spaniards were particularly disturbed by the practice of mixing a little blood from human sacrifices into amaranth dough, baking it into cakes which were then broken up and eaten by the faithful. […] In the nineteenth century there were reports of rosaries being made out of the stuff, and popped amaranth, mixed with honey, is still used to make a sweet called alegria ('happiness') in Mexico.

(cooking) The seed of these plants, used as a cereal.


oregano

en-noun

oregano (usually uncountable, plural oreganos)

/ɒɹɪˈɡɑːnəʊ/

From Spanish orégano (“wild marjoram”), from Latin orīganum, from Ancient Greek ὀρίγανον (oríganon). Doublet of origanum.

Mexican oregano

Lippia graveolens and Poliomintha longiflora

Other herbs with a similar flavor, including other species in the genus Origanum, and Mexican oregano, Lippia graveolens


balloon vine

A tropical perennial climbing vine, Cardiospermum halicacabum, having ornamental balloon-like fruits, and used in traditional Chinese medicine.


weld

From Middle English welde, wolde, from Old English *weald, weard, variant form of wād, Proto-West Germanic *waiʀd, from Proto-Germanic *waizdaz. Alternatively reborrowed from or contaminated by Anglo-Norman wold, wolde (compare Old French guaide). Doublet of woad. Dutch wouw is derived from the same basic form with -l-.

Reseda luteola
Reseda luteola#Translingual

A herb (Reseda luteola) related to mignonette, growing in Europe, and to some extent in America, used to make a yellow dye.


tarragon

tarragon (usually uncountable, plural tarragons)

General American, Mary–marry–merry merger

Borrowed from Middle French targon (cf. modern estragon), from Medieval Latin tragonia, from Arabic طَرْخُون (ṭarḵūn), ultimately from Ancient Greek δρακόντιον (drakóntion, “dragonwort, Dracunculus vulgaris”), from δράκων (drákōn, “dragon, serpent”). Doublet of estragon.

der

Arabic طَرْخُون (ṭarḵūn)

Artemisia dracunculus
Artemisia dracunculus#Translingual

A perennial herb, the wormwood species Artemisia dracunculus, from Europe and parts of Asia.


parsley

en-noun

parsley (usually uncountable, plural parsleys)

From Middle English persely, from Old French peresil, from Latin petroselīnum, from Ancient Greek πετροσέλῑνον (petrosélīnon, “parsley”), from πέτρος (pétros, “rock, stone”) + σέλῑνον (sélīnon, “celery”). Displaced Old English petersiliġe, which goes back to the same root.

der

πετροσέλῑνον

Petroselinum crispum
Petroselinum crispum#Translingual

(countable, uncountable) A bright green, biennial herb, Petroselinum crispum, having many cultivars.

(uncountable) The leaves of this plant used in Middle Eastern, European, and American cooking.

(by extension, loosely) Any herb resembling parsley, such as cilantro (Chinese parsley) or chervil (French parsley).


horehound

en-noun

horehound (countable and uncountable, plural horehounds)

From Middle English horehoune, from Old English hārhūne, hārehūne.

Marrubium vulgare
Marrubium vulgare#Translingual

especially, a herb of species (Marrubium vulgare, of the mint family, traditionally used as a cough remedy and to make a type of hard candy.


bee balm

bee balm (countable and uncountable, plural bee balms)

Because bees are attracted to its nectar-rich blossoms.

Monarda didyma
Monarda didyma#Translingual

The aromatic plant Monarda didyma or bergamot, native to North America.


peppermint

peppermint (countable and uncountable, plural peppermints)

→ French: paparmane

→ Gujarati: પિપરમીટ (piparmīṭ)

→ Japanese: ペパーミント (pepāminto)

→ Korean: 페퍼민트 (pepeominteu)

A hybrid herb of the mint family (Mentha × piperita), formed by crossing watermint and spearmint, which has a high menthol content and a sharp flavor and is used in cooking, especially in herb teas and in confections.

In the hissing flames, Greenhill and Travers boiled the bark from peppermint gums and roasted their kangaroo-skin jackets.

2004, Nicholas Shakespeare, In Tasmania, Harvill Press, p. 76

(Australia) Any of various eucalypts of southeastern Australia whose leaves yield peppermint-like essential oils.

(countable) Any of various sweets containing extract of the peppermint herb; peppermint confectionery.


yarrow

yarrow (usually uncountable, plural yarrows)

Friedrich Kluge
John Francis Davis
Nicoline van der Sijs

From Middle English ȝarowe, yarowe, yarwe, from Old English ġearwe, from Proto-West Germanic *garwā (“yarrow, yarrow-like herbs”), perhaps derived from *garu (“prepared, ready (of food)”), as the plant was used medicinally for digestion.
Cognate with Dutch gerw (“yarrow”) and German (Schaf-)garbe.

inh

The Yarrow, where-with-all he stops the wound-made gore:

1612, Michael Drayton, Poly-Olbion, song 13 p. 218:

“Oh, yarrow! This is it,” she said, extracting a single long stemmed ferny grass with clusters of small white flowers from the bouquet in her hand.

1979, Victor Kaplan, The Woman who Gathered Yarrow; The Box; Miss Vesey's Other Leg, →ISBN, page 11:

Achillea millefolium
Achillea millefolium#Translingual

Common yarrow, Achillea millefolium, the type species of the genus.


sweet basil

An herb used for seasoning (Ocimum basilicum)


stevia

From the Latin genus name Stevia, after 16th century Spanish botanist Pedro Jaime Esteve (latinized as Petrus Jacobus Stevus).

A naturally sweet herb called stevia is gaining in popularity as a sugar substitute, especially in beverages. Food additives must provide evidence of their safety and effectiveness before receiving FDA approval, and stevia lacks this approval for use as a sweetener because so little is known about its effects on human health, save that it can be absorbed by the human digestive tract.

2006, Frances Sizer, Ellie Whitney, Nutrition: Concepts and Controversies, 10th edition, page 49:

Another natural sweetener comes from the stevia plant. In December 2008, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) gave a “generally recognized as safe” status to Truvia and PureVia, both of which are wholly derived from the stevia plant and have no calories.

2010, Rita Girouard Mertig, What Nurses Know...Diabetes, page 18:

My absolute preference for a sweetener is the herb stevia—not the white crystalline extract, but the chopped green leaves. Stevia has no calories and does not cause any insulin response.

2010, Sam Graci, The Food Connection: The Right Food at the Right Time, page 139:

Any of the sweet herbs of genus Stevia, native to tropical and subtropical regions of South America and western North America.


chia

en-noun

chia (countable and uncountable, plural chias)

Borrowed from Spanish chía, from Classical Nahuatl chiyan (“seed of the chia plant”).

der

Salvia columbariae, a sage with similar seeds, native to the southwestern US and northwestern Mexico.


old woman

en-noun

old woman (countable and uncountable, plural old women)


ganna

ganna (usually uncountable, plural gannas)

(South Africa) A plant formerly used to provide alkaline ashes for soap-making, Salsola aphylla.


guarriboom

From Khwe gwarri (whence also Zulu umgwali) + Afrikaans boom, from Dutch boom (“tree”).

(South Africa) A shrub, Euclea divinorum; its fruit can be fermented to produce vinegar.


sagebrush

/ˈseɪd͡ʒˌbɹʌʃ/

From sage + brush, from resemblance in odor and appearance to Salvia officinalis.

Any of several North American aromatic shrubs of the genus Artemisia, having silvery-grey, green leaves.


tansy

tansy (countable and uncountable, plural tansies)

Benedict (bishop of Milan)
de:Poematium Medicum
tansy

From Old French tanesie, tanoisie, tanasie, tanaisie, from Medieval Latin tanacetum, atanacetum, attested since the 8th century, of obscure origin, speculated from Ancient Greek ἀθανασία (athanasía, “immortality”) owing to hallucinations from the thujone in the plant, else from taenia (“tapeworm”) due to its primary use against parasites by which reason it is called in Arabic حَشِيشَة الدُود (ḥašīša ad-dūd, literally “worm herb”), otherwise a Berber borrowing like tagetes.

unk

obscure

noncog

حَشِيشَة الدُود

I had a pretty dinner for them; viz., a brace of stewed carps, six roasted chickens, and a jowle of salmon, hot, for the first course; a tanzy and two neats' tongues, and cheese the second; and were very merry all the afternoon, talking and singing and piping upon the flageolette.

(uncountable, obsolete) A dish common in the seventeenth century, made of eggs, sugar, rose water, cream, and the juice of herbs (including tansy), baked with butter in a shallow dish. "Originally flavoured with tansy, but by Pepys's time generally having spinach as its predominant flavouring."


bison grass

Hierochloe odorata
Hierochloe odorata#Translingual

Anthoxanthum nitens
Anthoxanthum nitens#Translingual

Hierochloe odorata (syn. Anthoxanthum nitens), an aromatic herb native to North America and Eurasia, so called principally when used to flavor a Polish vodka.


lemongrass

en-noun

lemongrass (usually uncountable, plural lemongrasses)

(colloquial, US) Sourgrass, Oxalis pes-caprae.


wolfberry

Any of flowering species of the genus Lycium.


wormseed

From Middle English wormsede, wormesede, worme sede, wyrmsed, equivalent to worm + seed.

Santonica or Levant wormseed (Seriphidium cinum, syn. Artemisia cina), an Asian plant related to wormwood.


nep

From Middle English neppe, nepe, nepte, nept, from Old English nepte, nefte, from Latin nepeta. Compare Dutch neppe, nippe (“catnip”). Doublet of nepeta.

Nep is generally used for women to procure their courses, being taken inwardly or outwardly, either alone or with other convenient herbs in a decoction to bathe them, of sit over the hot fumes thereof.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio, published 2007, page 201:

Nepeta cataria
Nepeta cataria#Translingual


hyssop

hyssop (countable and uncountable, plural hyssops)

Via Latin hȳsōpum, from Ancient Greek ὕσσωπος (hússōpos), of Semitic origin.

The life of one plant would be affected by another. Rue was definitely hostile to basil, rosemary to hyssop, but coriander, dill and chervil lived on the friendliest of terms[.]

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 253:

Any of several aromatic bushy herbs, of the genus Hyssopus, native to Southern Europe and once used medicinally.

Agastache foeniculum, blue giant hyssop.

(obsolete, US) The sagebrush (Artemisia spp.).

Origanum syriacum
Origanum syriacum#Translingual

(biblical) A plant used used for sprinkling of blood or water in purification rituals and at Passover, Origanum syriacum.


artemisia

/ɑːtɪˈmɪzɪə/

From Latin artemisia, from Ancient Greek ἀρτεμισία (artemisía), from Ἄρτεμις (Ártemis, “Artemis, the goddess”).

In the event of anyone wishing to invoke the very Prince of Spirits, the following ingredients were prescribed to be burnt - Juice of Hypericon, Saffron, Artemisia, and the root of Valerian.

1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 112:

Our central issue, however, is whether the artemisia of Dioscorides is mugwort. Fuchs in Germany shows no hesitation in accepting the beyfusz of his country, called armoise by the French and Artemisia latifolia or broadleaved artemisia by the Italians, is the artemisia of Dioscorides, Galen, and Pliny, and he quotes them exactly on the plant's medicinal actions.

2010, Graeme Tobyn, Alison Denham, Margaret Whitelegg, The Western Herbal Tradition, Elsevier Health Sciences, →ISBN, page 125:

Any of many aromatic flowering plants of the genus Artemisia, including wormwood, sagebrush, and tarragon, often used as traditional medicine, oral contraceptive and flavoring.

полы́нь

джунга́рская


feverfew

feverfew (countable and uncountable, plural feverfews)

From Middle English feverfu, feverfeu, feverfugie, modified by folk etymology from either Old French fevrefue or Old English feferfuge, both from Latin febrifugia, from febris (“fever”) + fugō (“I drive away”). Doublet of febrifuge.

Tanacetum parthenium
Tanacetum parthenium#Translingual

A European aromatic perennial herb, Tanacetum parthenium (or Chrysanthemum parthenium or Pyrethrum parthenium), having daisy-like flowers; valued as a traditional medicine, especially for headaches.


orpine

From Old French orpin, Old French orpiment, from Latin auripigmentum (“orpiment”), from aurum (“gold”) + pigmentum (“pigment”).

Common Orpine rises up with diverse round, brittle stalks, thick set with fat and fleshy leaves without any order, and little or nothing dented about the edges; of a pale green colour.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio Society, published 2007, page 207:

A plant of orpine was often set by a young girl on her window sill on Midsummer Eve.

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 268:

Hylotelephium telephium
Hylotelephium telephium#Translingual

Any of several temperate succulent plants of the family Crassulaceae, that have clusters of purple flowers, especially Hylotelephium telephium.


epazote

From Spanish epazote, from Classical Nahuatl epazōtl.

Dysphania ambrosioides
Dysphania ambrosioides#Translingual

A pungent herb used in Latin-American cooking and tea making, and in folk medicine; Dysphania ambrosioides.


estragon

estragon (countable and uncountable, plural estragons)

Borrowed from French estragon (“tarragon”). Doublet of tarragon.


danewort

danewort (countable and uncountable, plural daneworts)

From Dane + wort, since it was traditionally believed to grow on battlegrounds of the Danes.

Sambucus ebulus
Sambucus ebulus#Translingual

A European dwarf version of the elder, Sambucus ebulus, that has a bad smell


dusty miller

Silene coronaria
Silene coronaria#Translingual

Lychnis coronaria
Lychnis coronaria#Translingual

Any of several species of plants with leaves of a dusty appearance: Centaurea cineraria, Jacobaea maritima, Artemisia stelleriana, Spyridium parvifolium, and Silene coronaria, syn. Lychnis coronaria.


zaatar

From Arabic زَعْتَر (zaʕtar), صَعْتَر (ṣaʕtar, “wild thyme; condiment made from this herb”), probably from Classical Syriac ܨܬܪܐ (ṣāṯrā), related to Hebrew צַתְרָה (ṣátrā).

cog

Hebrew צַתְרָה (ṣátrā)

A particular herb, similar in flavor to thyme or oregano, used in Middle Eastern cuisine (Origanum syriacum).

A Middle Eastern seasoning, having this herb or a mixture of herbs as the main ingredient, with sumac (or other tart-flavored equivalent) and sesame seeds.


diviner's sage

The psychoactive plant Salvia divinorum.


lady's mantle

The herb Alchemilla vulgaris, or any plant in the genus Alchemilla.


lavender cotton

Ground cypress (Santolina chamaecyparissus).


thistle sage

A North American herb, Salvia carduacea, the seeds of which were once a staple food similar to chia


grande wormwood

From French grande (“grand, great”) + wormwood.

Artemisia absinthium
Artemisia absinthium#Translingual

The herb wormwood (Artemisia absinthium), which is used in the production of absinthe and vermouth, and as a tonic.


joe-pye weed

Any plant of the genus Eutrochium, native to eastern North America.


moxa

en-noun

moxa (countable and uncountable, plural moxas)

From Japanese 艾 (mogusa, “mugwort”). The u is not strongly pronounced in Japanese, leading to its disappearance and the devoicing of the plosive. First used by Hermann Buschoff, a Dutch minister in Batavia, who wrote the first book about this remedy in 1674.

And thereupon she burned with her Moxa (of which hereafter) on my feet and knees, (to my best remembrance) about twenty little Escars, which looked like lit∣tle gray specks, without raising any blisters, or causing any after-pain; whereupon also all the pain of the Gout vanish’d.

1676, Two Treatises, The one Medical, Of the Gout, And its Nature more narrowly search’d into than hitherto; together with a new way or discharging the same. By Herman Busschof Senior, of Utrecht, residing at Batavia in the East-Indies, in the service of the Dutch East-India Company. The Other Partly Chirurgical, partly Medical; Containing Some Observations and Practises relating both to some extraordinary cases of Women in Travel; and to some other uncommon cases of Diseases in both Sexes. By Henry van Roonhuyse, Physitian in Ordinary at Amsterdam. Englished out of Dutch by a careful hand. […] , London: Printed by H.C. and are to be sold by Moses Pitt, page A3:

Moxa is celebrated in the eastern countries, for preventing and curing many disorders, by being burnt on the skin: a little cone of moxa, laid on the part previously moistened, and set on fire at top, burns down with a temperate glowing heat, and produces a dark coloured spot, the exulceration of which is promoted by applying a little garlic, and the ulcer either healed up when the eschar separates, or kept running for a length of time, as different circumstances may require.

1761, William Lewis, An Experimental History of the Materia Medica, or of the Natural and Artificial Substances Made Use of in Medicine: Containing a Compendious View of Their Natural History, an Account of Their Pharmaceutic Properties, and an Estimate of Their Medicinal Powers, so Far as They Can Be Ascertained by Experience, or by Rational Induction from Their Sensible Qualities, London: Printed by H. Baldwin, for the Author; and sold by R. Willock, page 380:

A woolly material obtained from the dried leaves of an Asian species of mugwort, such as Artemisia argyi, as used in moxibustion.

艾絨 /艾绒

woolly material obtained from mugwort leaves


elderflower

Ethel was yet bathing her eyes with elderflowers, preparatory to going, when her departure was again delayed by another visitor.

1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “The Disclosure”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 303:

Sambucus nigra
Sambucus nigra#Translingual

The blossom of the elderberry, often specifically the European species Sambucus nigra


comfrey

comfrey (countable and uncountable, plural comfreys)

From Middle English cumfiria, from Latin (herba) cōnfirma in Pseudo-Apuleius, also called cōnsolida, cōnserva, cōnferva, from conferveo (“to boil together”); from the use of the plant in tea to aid in healing bones.

It thrives on compost and natural fertilizers brewed from comfrey or seaweed and uses only rain, natural groundwater or wastewater purified through a system of reed beds.

2007 April 25, Kim Severson, “Farmer, Cookie Maker, Ecologist and, Yes, the Future King”, in New York Times:

Any of several species of perennial herbs of the genus Symphytum, often specifically Symphytum officinale.


culantro

From Spanish culantro, whence also the doublet cilantro, which see for more. Both words are doublets of coriander.

A painting of a woman wearing a burgundy shawl over a flamenco-style dress hangs on a wall, and in the garden, tomatoes, peppers, corn and culantro, an herb used in Caribbean cooking, grow in the summer.

2007 January 21, Timothy Williams, “As East Harlem Develops, Its Accent Starts to Change”, in The New York Times:

Eryngium foetidum
Eryngium foetidum#Translingual

The tropical herb Eryngium foetidum, native to Mexico, Central America and South America but cultivated worldwide, used medicinally and in Caribbean cuisine. (See Usage notes below for this sense.)


bible leaf

Tanacetum balsamita
Tanacetum balsamita#Translingual

Tanacetum balsamita, a Eurasian perennial herb that has flowers that are yellow and buttonlike.


clary sage

Salvia sclarea, a biennial or short-lived herbaceous perennial.


motherwort

From Middle English moderwort; equivalent to mother + wort.

Besides, it makes women joyful and mothers of children and settles their wombs as they should be; therefore we call it Motherwort.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio Society, published 2007, page 195:

—Miss Luna, muffling up her head,
Went with the ague, straight to bed,
Put out her lamp, and bade them tell
She could not hear her mistress' bell,
Begg'd them with motherwort to dose her,
And drew her cloudy night-cap closer.—

1827, Lydia Sigourney, Poems, The Comet of 1825, page 151:

Any of several perennial plants of the genus Leonurus, especially Leonurus cardiaca, used in traditional medicine to help with childbirth or treat uterine disorders.

Artemisia vulgaris
Artemisia vulgaris#Translingual


southernwood

southernwood (countable and uncountable, plural southernwoods)

From Old English sūþernewudu, equivalent to southern + wood.

Artemisia abrotanum
Artemisia abrotanum#Translingual

An aromatic shrub, Artemisia abrotanum, related to wormwood.


pilewort

pilewort (usually uncountable, plural pileworts)

Ficaria verna
Ficaria verna#Translingual

Any of various not closely related plants traditionally supposed to be effective in treating piles (hemorrhoids), especially

Ficaria verna (formerly Ranunculus ficaria), lesser celandine, a plant in the buttercup family.


stinging nettle

stinging nettle (countable and uncountable, plural stinging nettles)

Urtica dioica
Urtica dioica#Translingual

A nettle; any of the species of genus Urtica that cause painful short-term skin irritation, especially Urtica dioica, originally Eurasian, now naturalized elsewhere.


pellitory

pellitory (countable and uncountable, plural pellitories)

Probably an alteration of pelleter, with change of ending after Etymology 1, above.

Common Pellitory is a very common plant, and will not be kept in our gardens without diligent looking to.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio Society, published 2007, page 213:

Anacyclus pyrethrum
Anacyclus pyrethrum#Translingual

Pellitory of Spain (Anacyclus pyrethrum), a plant containing an oil once used for toothaches and facial neuralgia.


santonin

santonin (countable and uncountable, plural santonins)

(chemistry) An anthelmintic found in santonica and related plants.


elecampane

elecampane (countable and uncountable, plural elecampanes)

From Middle English elena campana, from a confusion of Latin enula campana and helenium.

Inula helenium
Inula helenium#Translingual

A tall Eurasian herb, Inula helenium, whose roots have been used medicinally.


threetip sagebrush

Artemisia tripartita, a sagebrush plant.


banewort

Atropa belladonna
Atropa belladonna#Translingual

w:Webster's Dictionary#Webster's New International Dictionary 1909


moonwort

Moonwort is an herb which they say will open locks, and unshoe such horses as tread upon it.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio Society, published 2007, page 194:

A small fern, Botrychium lunaria (lesser moonwort); later, any member of the genus.


ambrose

Stachys semeth to Gesner to be the herbe that we cal in english Ambrose , & I deni not but that it may be a kynde of it. Howe be it I haue sene the true Italian staches, whiche hath narower and whyter leaues then Ambrose hath.

1548, William Turner, The Names of Herbes:

A sweet-scented herb; ambrosia (Dysphania botrys).


asarabacca

asarabacca (usually uncountable, plural asarabaccas)

Asarum europaeum
Asarum europaeum#Translingual

An acrid herbaceous plant, Asarum europaeum, the leaves and roots of which were used for emetic and cathartic purposes.


felonwort

From felon + wort, from its supposed efficacy in treating felons ("inflammations around the nail").

Solanum dulcamara
Solanum dulcamara#Translingual

Bittersweet nightshade (Solanum dulcamara).


brookweed

A small white-flowered herb (Samolus valerandi) usually found in wet places; the water pimpernel.


spike lavender

spike lavender (usually uncountable, plural spike lavenders)

A strongly aromatic species of lavender, Lavandula latifolia, native to the Mediterranean.


Vietnamese balm

A Southeast Asian herb used in food for its lemon flavor, especially in Vietnamese cuisine, Elsholtzia ciliata


Thai basil

Thai basil (countable and uncountable, plural Thai basils)

A type of sweet basil from Southeast Asia, notable for the anise/tarragon overtones in its flavor, and for the attractive purple color of the leaves and bracts in its flower spikes.


lemon basil

lemon basil (countable and uncountable, plural lemon basils)

Any Southeast Asian basil of species Ocimum × citriodorum, notable for the lemon/citrus overtones to its flavor.


garland chrysanthemum

garland chrysanthemum (plural garland chrysanthemums)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-garland chrysanthemum.wav

Glebionis coronaria
Glebionis coronaria#Translingual

An herb eaten in Asia as greens, Glebionis coronaria.


tan shen

Borrowed from Mandarin 丹參 /丹参 (dānshēn).

Red sage or Chinese sage (Salvia miltiorrhiza)


Oswego tea

Oswego tea (usually uncountable, plural Oswego teas)

Oswego (from an Iroquoian language) + tea.

Monarda didyma
Monarda didyma#Translingual

An American aromatic herb (Monarda didyma) with bright red labiate flowers; also called bee balm or bergamot.


bitterweed

Any plant in the genus Ambrosia, especially Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed).


lady's cushion

lady's cushion (plural ladies' cushions)

A herb, the thrift (Armeria maritima) that grows in dense tufts.


spicewood

Lindera benzoin
Lindera benzoin#Translingual

An American shrub, the spicebush (Lindera benzoin), whose bark has a citrusy taste and odor.


bishop's-wort

Nigella damascena
Nigella damascena#Translingual

fennel flower or devil-in-the-bush (Nigella damascena)


abrotanum

abrotanum (countable and uncountable, plural abrotanums)

From Medieval Latin, from Latin abrotonum, from Ancient Greek ἀβρότονον (abrótonon, “wormwood, southernwood”).

der

A bushy wormwood from Europe, sometimes used in the brewing of beer, southernwood, Artemisia abrotanum.


Indian pipe

en-noun

Indian pipe (countable and uncountable, plural Indian pipes)

A white myco-heterotrophic herb, Monotropa uniflora, of the family Ericaceae.


blue cohosh

blue cohosh (countable and uncountable, plural blue cohoshes)

A perennial American herb (Caulophyllum thalictroides), the root of which is used in medicine.


black cohosh

black cohosh (countable and uncountable, plural black cohoshes)

Actaea racemosa
Actaea racemosa#Translingual

A smooth herb of species Actaea racemosa, marketed for medicinal use.


yerba mansa

A fragrant plant, used medicinally, and native to the southern US and northern Mexico, Anemopsis californica.


dragon's wort

A calque of Arabic طَرْخُون (ṭarḵūn, “tarragon”).

calque

Artemisia dracunculus
Artemisia dracunculus#Translingual

A perennial herb, tarragon, Artemisia dracunculus.

Dracunculus vulgaris
Dracunculus vulgaris#Translingual

Dracunculus vulgaris, dragon arum, a flowering plant in the arum (Araceae) family.

Bistorta officinalis
Bistorta officinalis#Translingual

Persicaria bistorta
Persicaria bistorta#Translingual

Bistorta officinalis (common bistort, a plant in the knotweed (Polygonaceae) family, once classified as Persicaria bistorta and Polygonum bistorta.

Arisaema dracontium, green dragon, a herbaceous perennial native to North America.


yerba santa

From Spanish yerba (“herb”) + santa (“sacred”).

Any of a group of plants native to southwestern North America. Eriodictyon californicum or other species in the genus Eriodictyon, which have traditionally been used medicinally.

Hoja santa, a Central American plant with sweet-scented leaves used to flavor food, Piper auritum.


clary

en-noun

clary (countable and uncountable, plural claries)

From Middle English clarie, from Anglo-Norman sclaree, from Late or Medieval Latin sclarēia.


blue fenugreek

Trigonella caerulea, a variety of fenugreek with blue flowers.


dwarf elder

Sambucus ebulus
Sambucus ebulus#Translingual

A small European herbaceous perennial elder, species Sambucus ebulus.


black nightshade

black nightshade (plural black nightshades)

ኣውጥ

this is also a term for nightshades and winter cherries in general

Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum#Translingual

Other similar members of a group of closely-related species from the Solanum nigrum complex:

Solanum americanum (American black nightshade) of much of North America


semen contra

(obsolete) A strong aromatic bitter drug, imported from Aleppo and Barbary, said to consist of the leaves, peduncles, and unexpanded flowers of various species of Artemisia; wormseed.


clary water

A composition of clary flowers with brandy, etc., formerly used as a cardiac.


Roman wormwood

Artemisia pontica
Artemisia pontica#Translingual

A smaller relative of wormwood, Artemisia pontica


holy grass

holy grass (usually uncountable, plural holy grasses)

It was traditionally sometimes strewn on the floors of churches on festival days.

Hierochloe odorata
Hierochloe odorata#Translingual

Anthoxanthum nitens
Anthoxanthum nitens#Translingual

Hierochloe odorata (syn. Anthoxanthum nitens), fragrant grass native to northern Eurasia and North America.


onionweed

Asphodelus fistulosus, an annual or short-lived perennial herb with a hollow stem and a large tuft of onion-like rounded hollow leaves.


queen of the meadow

Eutrochium purpureum, sweet joe-pye weed.


chuchupate

(Southwestern US, Northern Mexico) A wild plant related to lovage, Ligusticum porteri, which is used in traditional medicine.


scoparone

An organic compound found in the Chinese herb Artemisia scoparia.


lyreleaf sage

A plant of the species Salvia lyrata, native to warm-temperate eastern North America.


meon

From Ancient Greek μῆον (mêon), probably from μεῖον (meîon, “lesser”) for its small size.

Meum athamanticum
Meum athamanticum#Translingual


aloe vera

aloe vera (countable and uncountable, plural aloe veras)

/əˌləʊ.i ˈvɛ.ɹə/

/əˌləʊ.i ˈvɪə.ɹə/

/ˌæ.ləʊ ˈvɛ.ɹə/

/ˌæ.ləʊ ˈvɪə.ɹə/

/ˈæ.loʊ ˈvɛ.ɹə/

/ˌæ.loʊ ˈvɪ.ɹə/

Learned borrowing from New Latin aloē vēra (“true aloe”).

lbor

Some other trees like the cactus and aloe veras, have other means of protection or feel no need for it and they grow much faster and easier that way.

2001, White Eagle, chapter 2, in The Medicine Way, page 71:

Another excellent cleanser and toner is aloe gel or fresh aloe vera cactus pulp. Cut off 1 inch of aloe vera rib, slit open and rub yellowish pulp directly on the skin.

2003, Patricia Bragg, Paul C Bragg, Apple Cider Vinegar Miracle Health System, page 22:

Further, scientists have learned that certain houseplants reduce pollutants, especially philodendrons (formaldehyde, benzene, and carbon monoxide), spider plants (carbon monoxide), aloe veras (formaldehyde), and gerbera daisies and chrysanthemums (benzene).

2005, Richard H. Pitcairn, Susan Hubble Pitcairn, Dr. Pitcairn's Complete Guide to Natural Health for Dogs & Cats, page 139:

Every morning and evening I drink half a tumbler of pure aloe vera jelly, which also strengthens my immune system. I believe that these generous portions of aloe vera above all have led to an improvement in my blood-test results after seven months of chemotherapy—in fact they are better than they were before.

2006, Wolfgang Heinemann, Surviving Brain Cancer: A Personal Memoir, page 147:

An orange cat rubbed against it and then threaded through the aloe veras, meowing lazily as Jessica opened the screen door.

2009, Gwendolyn Zepeda, Houston, We Have a Problema, unnumbered page:

In ayurveda, aloe vera is sometimes called kumari or "princess with the gel" or ghrit kumari ("ghee of the princess").[…]Alternatively, try this recipe created by the staff at Six Senses Spas. It is made with cooling lavender and aloe vera as well as nourishing milk.

2013, Judy Chapman, Ultimate Spa: Asia's Best Spas and Spa Treatments, page 196:

A plant of the species Aloe vera, grown as an ornamental, thought to have medicinal value; an extract, often a gel, made from the plant.

சோற்றுக்கற்றாழை

cōṟṟukkaṟṟāḻai


bai ji

From the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 白芨 (bái jī).

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

A Chinese orchid, Bletilla striata, the pseudobulbs of which are used in traditional Chinese medicine, but which is also widely grown for its ornamental flowers and foliage.


jaceosidin

A pharmacologically flavone found in Artemisia species.


santonica

en-noun

santonica (usually uncountable, plural santonicas)

From Latin santonica (adjective) (from Santonēs (a Celtic tribe of Aquitania)), most likely originally in a phrase such as herba santonica ("herb of the Santones").

An Asian plant (Seriphidium cinum, syn. Artemisia cina), related to wormwood, which has been used since ancient times as a vermifuge due to its santonin content.


African wormwood

African wormwood (usually uncountable, plural African wormwoods)

An aromatic African plant, with many traditional medicinal uses, Artemisia afra


Great Basin sagebrush

Great Basin sagebrush (usually uncountable, plural Great Basin sagebrushes)

Artemisia tridentata
Artemisia tridentata#Translingual

A woody, pungently aromatic low shrub, Artemisia tridentata, very common in the Great Basin and other arid regions of western North America.


big sagebrush

big sagebrush (usually uncountable, plural big sagebrushes)

Great Basin sagebrush
Great Basin sagebrush

Great Basin sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata)


annual wormwood

annual wormwood (usually uncountable, plural annual wormwoods)

Artemisia annua
Artemisia annua#Translingual

An Asian aromatic herb, widely naturalized, Artemisia annua, the source of the antimalarial drug artemisinin.


sweet wormwood

sweet wormwood (usually uncountable, plural sweet wormwoods)

A fragrant Asian herb, Artemisia annua, widely naturalized, the source of the antimalarial drug artemisinin


sweet Annie

sweet Annie (usually uncountable, plural sweet Annies)

sweet + annual + -ie, modified in imitation of the name Annie

A fragrant Asian herb, widely naturalized, Artemisia annua, the source of the antimalarial drug artemisinin


sagewort

sagewort (usually uncountable, plural sageworts)

Any of a number of perennial herbs in the genus Artemisia which have the aromatic gray or silver foliage of the sagebrushes, but are not shrubby enough to be termed brush.


canchalagua

canchalagua (usually uncountable, plural canchalaguas)

From Spanish canchalagua, from Mapudungun cachanlagua.

Any of several plants of the Americas similar to centaury, and formerly used like it for medicinal purposes, among them:

Schkuhria pinnata, a plant in the sunflower family native to South America and used medicinally


bisnaga

bisnaga (countable and uncountable, plural bisnagas)

Visnaga daucoides
Visnaga daucoides#Translingual

A plant in the celery family (Visnaga daucoides, syn. Ammi visnaga) grown for its seeds, which have been used as an herbal medicine.


Chinese elder

A species of elderberry, Sambucus javanica, in the family Adoxaceae native to subtropical and tropical Asia.


sweet maudlin

A European herb with fragrant leaves, sweet-Nancy, sweet yarrow (Achillea ageratum).

Tanacetum balsamita
Tanacetum balsamita#Translingual

Costmary, a fragrant herb (Tanacetum balsamita).


southernwort

To prevent which, take Southernwort and Hellebore each a handful, bruife and boil'd 'em in two quarts of Cow's Milk; give half a pint at a time, and so wash them in Water wherein Holly has been boil'd, then let'em blood, and it will prevent the falling of the Hair, and Diseases attending it.

1710, James Lambert, The Countryman's Treasure:

Others commonly take three Ounces of the Seeds of Smallage, and three Ounces of Hylop, and as much Southernwort, and boil 'em well in Oil and Wine mingled together, and give the Horse to drink: Keep the Horse warm, and let him neither drink cold Water, nor eat dry dusty Hay.

1734, Gervase Markham, Markham's Master-piece:

Boil the bulbs (roots) of the white lilly in cream, and put it on the sore in form of a plaster. Southernwort has the same effect.

1850, Johann Georg Hohman, The Long Lost Friend, Or, Faithful & Christian Instructions Containing Wonderous and Well-tried Arts & Remedies, for Man as Well as Animals:


Chinese goldthread

A herb, Coptis chinensis, used in traditional Chinese medicine.


Chinese mugwort

A herbaceous perennial plant from one of two species, Artemisia argyi or Artemisia verlotiorum, used in traditional Chinese medicine.


California mugwort

California mugwort (usually uncountable, plural California mugworts)

A fragrant perennial herb resembling mugwort native to western North America from Washington to northern Baja California, Artemisia douglasiana


black sage

black sage (usually uncountable, plural black sages)

(California) Any member of the species Salvia mellifera of aromatic sage native to California, which are an important nectar source for sage honey.

Wild sage (Cordia spp.), especially Cordia curassavica (syn. Cordia macrostachya)

Certain sagebrushes (Artemisia arbuscula and Artemisia tridentata)


French parsley

Called French parsley by Europeans, chervil is a symbol of new life for them, because of its resemblance to myrrh given to baby Jesus.

[2006, Susheela Raghavan, Handbook of Spices, Seasonings, and Flavorings, 2nd edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 84:

Is it any wonder that a synonym for chervil is French parsley?

[2009, Thomas DeBaggio, Arthur O. Tucker, The Encyclopedia of Herbs […] , Timber Press, →ISBN, page 154:

Anthriscus cerefolium
Anthriscus cerefolium#Translingual


danshen

zh-m

丹參／丹参 (dānshēn)

A perennial sage of species Salvia miltiorrhiza, valued in traditional Chinese medicine for its roots.


China root

en-noun

China root (countable and uncountable, plural China roots)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-China root.wav

An East Asian liana of species Smilax china.


chadon beni

Borrowed from French chardon béni (“blessed thistle”): chardon (“thistle”) (ultimately from Latin carduus (“wild thistle; artichoke”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *kars- (“to rub, scrape, scratch”)) + béni (past participle of bénir (“to bless”), ultimately from Late Latin benedīcō (“to bless, praise”), from bene (“well”) and dīcō (“speak”)).

der

The people of Trinidad and Tobago also love their shark and bake which they spice with a sauce made from chadon beni (one of the most versatile herbs that is used to spice meats or make a flavoured pepper sauce).

1997, Caricomview: A Monthly Newsletter of the Caricom Secretariat, Georgetown, Guyana: Communications Unit, Caricom Secretariat, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 8:

If you go to Maracas Bay, have shark-and-bake, a spicy fried bread sandwich of fried shark with a variety of sauces such as tamarind, garlic, chadon beni.

1999, Sarah Cameron, Ben Box, editors, Caribbean Islands Handbook 2000: With the Bahamas, 11th edition, Bath, Somerset: Footprint Handbooks, →ISBN, page 970:

This herb is referred to as false cilantro because it resembles and is related to cilantro. It is also known as recao, long coriander, saw-tooth coriander, culantro, or shadow beni.

2005, Lynn Marie Houston, “Major Foods and Ingredients”, in Ken Albala, editor, Food Culture in the Caribbean (Food Culture around the World), Westport, Conn., London: Greenwood Press, Greenwood Publishing Group, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 35:

Over the 10 week period the students were guided in the development of investment profiles for producing 6 products and or commodities: dehydrated hot peppers; dasheen leaves; pasteurized milk (using small scale equipment); sweet corn; Chadon Beni; and Red tilapia.

2006 March, “Technical Cooperation Results – 2005”, in The Contribution of IICA to the Development of Agriculture and Rural Communities in Trinidad and Tobago: Annual Report 2005, Port of Spain, Trinidad: IICA [Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture] Office in Trinidad & Tobago, section 5.5 (Developing Human Capital), page 16, column 2:

Grilled corn with shadon beni butter […] Inspired by a popular Trinidadian herb, I've come up with a more interesting topping: shadon beni butter. […] But don't despair if you can't find shadon beni: cilantro makes an equally delicious butter. By the way, you can use shadon beni butter as a great topping for other simply grilled vegetables and seafood.

2008 April, Steven Raichlen, “Vegetables: Greens Meet Grill”, in The Barbeque! Bible, New York, N.Y.: Workman Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 404, column 2:

The air was spiced with chadon beni and wild thyme, his favourite perfume.

2009, Monique Roffey, The White Woman on the Green Bicycle, New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, published 2011, →ISBN:

Every week I buy my herbs—cive (as it's spelled here) and thyme (sold separately), parsley and chadon beni (a close relative of cilantro)^([sic – meaning culantro])—from the same Rastafarian farmer, who always welcomes me, though this market swims with shoppers, and commerce generally gets in the way of idle chat.

2009, Ann Vanderhoof, “Curry Tabanca: Trinidad”, in The Spice Necklace: A Food-lover’s Caribbean Adventure, Toronto, Ont.: Doubleday Canada, →ISBN, page 190:

This thick sultry stew [callaloo] is simmered from okra, chili peppers, coconut milk, chadon bene, garlic, onion, crab, tubers (including dasheen, whose leaves, resembling a slightly bitter spinach, are also called callaloo), and sometimes various meats.

2010, “Eating and Drinking Well in Trinidad and Tobago”, in Douglas Stallings, Eric Wechter, editors, Fodor’s Trinidad & Tobago, New York, N.Y.: Fodor’s Travel, →ISBN:

Chinese Trinidadian Chicken with Mango Chutney […] [Winnie] Lee Lum finishes the dish with chopped shandon beni leaves, a local herb that tastes like cilantro.

2010, Grace Young, “Poultry and Egg Recipes”, in Stir Frying to the Sky’s Edge: The Ultimate Guide to Mastery with Authentic Recipes and Stories, New York, N.Y., London: Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, page 116, column 1:

Shado beni is similar to cilantro but has a stronger flavor. Look for it in ethnic grocery stores that feature Hispanic or West Indian foods. If not found, it is not a problem—just substitute with cilantro (add a little extra cilantro if you want the stronger flavor you would have gotten with the shado beni).

2011, John Cavazos, Ann Marie Cavazos, “Main Courses and Cooked Sides”, in The Daniel Fast Made Delicious, Lake Mary, Fla.: Siloam, →ISBN, section I (Healthy Eating on the Daniel Fast), page 35:

Eryngium foetidum
Eryngium foetidum#Translingual

(Caribbean) Culantro (Eryngium foetidum), a tropical herb whose leaves are used medicinally and in Caribbean cuisine.


semencine

Probably from Latin semen + ? (cf. original taxonomic name Artemisia cina), so meaning something like "cina seed"


chia seed

An edible seed of Salvia hispanica, a flowering plant in the mint family native to Central America, or of the related Salvia columbariae of southwestern United States and Mexico.


Mexican bush sage

en-noun

Mexican bush sage (usually uncountable, plural Mexican bush sages)

A shrubby sage native to central and eastern Mexico, Salvia leucantha, grown in subtropical, dry climates for its ornamental flower stems covered in bright blue or purple velvety hairs, and for its relative drought tolerance.


white sage

white sage (usually uncountable, plural white sages)

Salvia apiana, a sage native to southern California and neighboring Baja California west of the desert, an important nectar source for sage honey.


perovskia

(botany) Any of the genus Perovskia of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae.


sea wormwood

Artemisia maritima, a European wormwood.


meadow clary

A tall perennial Old World salvia with violet-blue flowers; found in open grasslands, Salvia pratensis.


Russian sage

A shrub related to sage, Salvia yangii (syn. Perovskia atriplicifolia).


pitcher sage

(California) A sage with large red, pitcher-shaped flowers, Salvia spathacea, native to California and grown there for its fragrance and its tolerance of both drought and shade.


hummingbird sage

hummingbird sage (plural hummingbird sages)

(California) The pitcher sage, Salvia spathacea, a fragrant sage native to California, with large red flowers much loved by hummingbirds.


Cleveland sage

Cleveland sage (countable and uncountable, plural Cleveland sages)

(California) A drought-tolerant, sweetly fragrant sage (Salvia clevelandii) native to the Cleveland National Forest in southernmost California and to neighboring Baja California in Mexico.


rose sage

(US) A sage with showy rose-colored bracts and purple flowers native to desert mountains in southern California, Arizona, and Nevada, Salvia pachyphylla.


Asiatic pennywort

Asiatic pennywort (usually uncountable, plural Asiatic pennyworts)

Centella asiatica
Centella asiatica#Translingual

A low-growing South Asian herb in the celery family, Centella asiatica, eaten as a green for flavor and used in traditional medicine


creeping sage

Salvia sonomensis, a species of sage with blue to purple flowers.


pineapple sage

A variety of the shrub Salvia elegans, having a pineapple-like scent.