penguin

→ Assamese: পেঙ্গুইন (peṅguin)

→ Burmese: ပင်ဂွင် (panggwang)

→ Hawaiian: penekuina

→ Japanese: ペンギン (pengin)

→ Khmer: ភេនឃ្វីន (pheinkhviin)

→ Korean: 펭귄 (penggwin)

→ Thai: เพนกวิน (pen-gwîn)

→ Welsh: pengwin

Etymology tree
Proto-Celtic *kʷennom
Proto-Brythonic *penn
Welsh pen?
Proto-Indo-European *weyd-der.?
Proto-Celtic *windos
Proto-Brythonic *gwɨnn
Welsh gwyn?
Proto-Indo-European *peyH-der.
Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ-influ.?
Latin pinguisder.?
English penguin
Unknown; first attested in the 16th century in reference to the auk of the Northern hemisphere; the word was later applied to the superficially similar birds of the Southern hemisphere (as was woggin). Possibly from Welsh pen (“head”) and gwyn (“white”), or from Latin pinguis (“fat”). See citations and the Wikipedia article.
(nun): Because of the often black-and-white habit, resembling the bird's colors.

etymon

Here are also birds cal'd Pen-gwins (white-head in Welch) like Pigmies walking upright, their finns or wings hanging very orderly downe like sleeves […]

1638, Thomas Herbert, Some Yeares Travels, section I:

Any of several flightless sea birds, of order Sphenisciformes, found in the Southern Hemisphere, marked by their usual upright stance, walking on short legs, and (generally) their stark black and white plumage.


pineapple

en-noun

pineapple (countable and uncountable, plural pineapples)

Pineapple Primary
en:pineapple
en:pineapple (disambiguation)

→ Japanese: パイナップル
→ Yami: pinapo

→ Welsh: pinafal, afal pin

→ Cornish: pinaval

→ Ojibwe: zhingwaako-mishiimin (calque)

From Middle English pinappel (“pinecone”, literally “pine-apple/pine-fruit”). Later applied to the fruit of the pineapple plant due to its resemblance to a pinecone. Compare the Middle Dutch and Dutch pĳnappel, the Middle Low German pinappel, the Old High German pīnapful, the Middle High German pīnaphel, and the early Modern German pinapfel — all in the sense of “pine cone”. Compare also the post-Classical Latin pomum pini, the Old French pume de pin, the Middle French and French pomme de pin and Spanish piña. By surface analysis, pine + apple.

inh

pineapple strawberry Fragaria × ananassa)

Ananas comosus
Ananas comosus#Translingual

A tropical plant, Ananas comosus, native to South America, having thirty or more long, spined and pointed leaves surrounding a thick stem.


abacaxi

Borrowed from Portuguese abacaxi (“pineapple”).


pine

en-noun

pine (countable and uncountable, plural pines)

From Middle English pyne, from Latin pīnus, from Proto-Indo-European *peyH- (“sap, juice”). Cognate with Sanskrit पितु (pitu, “sap, juice, resin”). Doublet of pinus. Related to fat.

cog

The northern slopes were covered mainly in pine.

I stumbled along through the young pines and huckleberry bushes. Pretty soon I struck into a sort of path that, I cal'lated, might lead to the road I was hunting for. It twisted and turned, and, the first thing I knew, made a sudden bend around a bunch of bayberry scrub and opened out into a big clear space like a lawn.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

Sepia Delft tiles surrounded the fireplace, their crudely drawn Biblical scenes in faded cyclamen blending with the pinkish pine, while above them, instead of a mantelshelf, there was an archway high enough to form a balcony with slender balusters and a tapestry-hung wall behind.

1963, Margery Allingham, “Miss Thyrza’s Chair”, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC, page 41:

(countable, uncountable) Any coniferous tree of the genus Pinus.


ananas

From Italian ananas, from French ananas, from Spanish ananás, from Portuguese ananás, adapted from Old Tupi nanas (“pineapple”).

(obsolete) Bromelia pinguin, a plant with edible fruit.


bromeliad

Any of various tropical or subtropical New World herbaceous plants in the family Bromeliaceae.


coralberry

en-noun

coralberry (countable and uncountable, plural coralberries)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-coralberry.wav

American winterberry
American winterberry

Ilex verticillata
Ilex verticillata#Translingual

American winterberry, Ilex verticillata.


barbe espagnole

Tillandsia usneoides
Tillandsia usneoides#Translingual

(dialect, Louisiana) Spanish moss (Tillandsia usneoides).


bromelein

(biochemistry) A proteolytic enzyme found in pineapples


puya

A group of books written in Ancient Meitei language, mostly sacred to Sanamahism.


puya

From Spanish puya, from Mapudungun puüya.

The puya is a strange form of bromeliad, and the giant species grows ever so slowly for between 30 and 100 years and then sends a flower spike covered in 8000 florets about 9 metres (30 feet) up into the air, like a floral telegraph pole.

2000, Michael Bright, Wild South America, BBC Worldwide, published 2000, page 45:

(botany) A member of the genus Puya of bromeliad plants.


bromelain

(biochemistry) Either of two proteolytic enzymes, found in pineapples, that are used as meat tenderizers


tillandsia

In the lobby of the Bardessono hotel, which recently opened in Napa Valley, four alcove panels are filled with epiphytic air plants (tillandsias) simply clipped onto metal rods.

2009 February 19, Stephen Orr, “A Breath of Fresh Greenery”, in New York Times:

Any of the genus Tillandsia of American epiphytes.


aechmea

The aechmea, which is one of the many members of the Bromeliadaceae family, likes sunny to semi-sunny conditions, temperature 60° and a humidity level of around 30 percent […]

1978, Robert J. Dingwall, The Garden Answers:

The aechmeas are remarkable for their long lasting flower and berry complexes, sometimes in large panicles.

1987, Brooklyn Botanic Garden, Plants and Gardens: Volume 43:

Any member of the genus Aechmea of bromeliaceous plants.


caraguatá

Borrowed from Brazilian Portuguese caraguatá, from Tupian.

bor+

Of the "végétation rabougrie," the cactus and the caraguatá bromelia appeared to be the most general.

1870, Sir Richard Francis Burton, Letters from the Battle-fields of Paraguay, page 374:

[...] women are constantly occupied with making thread, netting, or needle-looping. The development of techniques of string work was favored by the abundance of the Bromelia which provide excelllent raw material. The caraguatá (Bromelia sp.) are uprooted [...]

1946, Handbook of South American Indians, page 285:

Some edible species of caraguatá (Bromelia sp.) are found in the forested areas of the Chaco. [...] They leave in small family groups with their caraguatá fiber bags strapped across their foreheads, carrying long poles hooked at the far end [...]

2002, John Renshaw, The Indians of the Paraguayan Chaco: Identity and Economy, U of Nebraska Press, →ISBN, page 82:

Any of several similar South American bromeliad plants, Bromelia serra, Bromelia pinguin or Bromelia balansae (syn. Bromelia argentina), which yield a long, silky fiber used for making cords, sacks, etc.


old man's beard

en-noun

old man's beard (countable and uncountable, plural old man's beards or old men's beards)

old man's beards (plural)
old men's beards (plural)

(uncountable) Tillandsia usneoides, a bromeliad; Spanish moss.


black moss

black moss (usually uncountable, plural black mosses)

Bryoria fremontii
Bryoria fremontii#Translingual

(US) Bryoria fremontii (wila), a lichen eaten by First Peoples in North America.


neoregelia

(botany) Any of the genus Neoregelia of flowering plants in the bromeliad family.


Spanish moss

Spanish moss (usually uncountable, plural Spanish mosses)

A gray epiphyte that hangs down from trees, Tillandsia usneoides, native to the southeastern US and throughout humid tropical and subtropical parts of the Americas.


zebra plant

Any of several species of tropical plants with contrasting patterns of light and dark on their leaves, which are grown as houseplants, especially:

Calathea zebrina (syn. Goeppertia zebrina)


vriesea

T. multicaulis at first sight might be mistaken for a vriesea, for its soft lettuce-green foliage is typical of that of most vrieseas.

1981, Victoria Padilla, The colorful bromeliads: their infinite variety, page 18:


bromelia

The road from the harbour to Trinidad de Cuba is bordered by hedges of bromelias enclosing fields and plantations; and among the bromelias are seen many plants of Erythrìna Crísta gálli, and a small fan-palm[…]

1842, The Gardener’s Magazine, and Register of Rural and Domestic Improvement, volume VIII, London, page 285:

Mexico is also the home of the beautiful flowering Echeveriæ, and of many bromelias, among which the Ananassa sativa is not the least important, and many liliaceous trees (Dasylirion and Yucca)[…]groups of many thousand palm trees are frequently to be seen; and among their stems, draped with bromelias, orchids, aroids, and other plants, the travellers like to select a place to pitch their tent, choosing by preference the Attalea spectabilis and Maximiliana princeps.

1881, J. Minshull, transl., Land, Sea and Sky, or, Wonders of Life and Nature. A Description of the Physical Geography and Organic Life of the Earth., London: Ward, Lock, & Co., translation of original by Dr. Herman, J. Klein, and Dr. Thomé, pages 701 and 751:

[…]in general it may be said that the moderately wet and wet forest area above 2,200 feet is without standing water except in the bromelias.[…]It is clear that the bromelias must be considered a minor habitat for the groups under consideration. The Bromeliaciae are in general an important habitat in the wet forest above 4,500 feet.

1922, Alexander G[rant] Ruthven, The Amphibians and Reptiles of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia, pages 42–43:

A chapter is devoted to the special cultivation methods of some ornamentals (e.g. Bonsai, Bromelias, Cactuses, Orchideas), as well as to the arrangement of inner spaces, hobby greenhouses and indoor glass cabinets, and to indoor plant protection.

1989, Acta Agronomica Hungarica, page 182:


queen pineapple

queen pineapple (plural queen pineapples)


flaming sword

Acala
East Asian Buddhism
Flaming sword (mythology)
Khön clan of Sakya

The flowering plants Lutheria splendens (syn. Vriesea splendens), Vriesea flammea, and other species, especially in the tribe Vrieseeae, with similar blooms.


guapilla

The American bromeliad Hechtia glomerata.


chaguar

Borrowed from Quechua ch'awar via Spanish Spanish chaguar.

Any of several related species of South American plants of the family Bromeliaceae, among them Bromelia serra, Bromelia hieronymi, Deinacanthon urbanianum and Pseudananas sagenarius.


macambira

The circus people proceeded, amid macambiras and across stony ground, taking turns pulling the wagon.

1984, Mario Vargas Llosa, translated by Helen R. Lane, The War of the End of the World, Folio Society, published 2012, page 267:

Pineapple-like plants known as macambiras, with worrisome thorny red blades, spring up in the hundreds out of the ground.

2006, Ehsan Masood, Daniel Schaffer, Dry: Life Without Water, page 114:

A thorny shrub, Bromelia laciniosa, of the pineapple family, native to Brazil and Argentina.


chupalla

Fascicularia bicolor, a Chilean bromeliad.


quiscal

Greigia sphacelata, a Chilean bromeliad.