European bitterling

European bitterling (plural European bitterlings)

A fish of species Rhodeus amarus, originating in Europe, ranging from the Rhone River basin in France to the Neva River in Russia.


dartfish

en-noun

dartfish (plural dartfish or dartfishes)

Any fish of the subfamily Ptereleotrinae of the perciform (or gobiiform) family Microdesmidae.


milwell

From Middle English milwell (amid many other forms), from Anglo-Norman meluel (amid other forms) and Old French moluel, probably from moruel, from Old Breton mor (“sea”) (from Proto-Brythonic *mor) + Old French lus and luz (“pike, [as sea-luce] hake”) + -el (diminutive suffix).

(Scotland, dialectal or historical) The Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua).


puddingwife wrasse

puddingwife wrasse (plural puddingwife wrasses)

Perhaps corrupted from the Spanish name in Cuba, pudiano verde.

Halichoeres radiatus, an American wrasse.


Japanese crucian carp

Japanese crucian carp (plural Japanese crucian carps)

Carassius cuvieri
Carassius cuvieri#Translingual

A species of crucian carp, Carassius cuvieri, found in Japan and as an introduced species in Taiwan.


bonaci

(dated) A large grouper (Mycteroperca bonaci) of Florida and the Caribbean. Grey, with an oblong, laterally compressed body, it is a food fish.


grass carp

grass carp (plural grass carp or grass carps)

grass carp (plural)
grass carps (plural)

Partial calque of Chinese 草魚 /草鱼 (cǎoyú, literally “grass fish”).

pcal

Ctenopharyngodon idella
Ctenopharyngodon idella

A freshwater fish species of the family Cyprinidae (Ctenopharyngodon idella), native to eastern Asia.


white amur

Partial calque of Russian бе́лый аму́р (bélyj amúr) for the same fish, as also sometimes black amur has been used for чёрный аму́р (čórnyj amúr, “Mylopharyngodon piceus”).

бе́лый аму́р

A freshwater fish species of the family Cyprinidae (Ctenopharyngodon idella), the grass carp, native to Asia from Vietnam to the Amur River.


sea perch

en-noun

sea perch (countable and uncountable, plural sea perch or sea perches)

Any of various species of saltwater fish in various families, or a specimen thereof, many species in the genus Sebastes.


Japanese eel

Am eel of species Anguilla japonica, found in Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, as well as the northern Philippines.


cardabiodontid

Any lamniform shark of the family Cardabiodontidae (but specifically of the genus Cardabiodon).


lamniform

Relating to sharks of the order Lamniformes


megatooth shark

megatooth shark (plural megatooth sharks)


vairone

Any of several fish of the genus Telestes native to Europe.


Asian carp

From Asian (relating to Asia) + carp (type of fish).

af

(US) Any of various species of heavy-bodied cyprinid fish from East Asia.


walking shark

Given the nickname the walking shark, it is about a metre long and stands up on its pectoral and pelvic fins to walk around on the seabed with a sinuous motion, rather like a lizard, hunting molluscs and crustaceans.

2007, Alex Mustard, Reefs Revealed, page 125:

"This is the third walking shark species to be described from eastern Indonesia in the past six years, which highlights our tremendous shark and ray biodiversity," said Fahmi, a shark expert at the Indonesian Institute of Sciences.

2013 August 30, Suzanne Goldenberg, “'Walking shark' discovered in Indonesia”, in The Guardian:

One of the recent PR successes of the shark conservationists is the ‘walking shark’, which crawls along the sea bottom on its fins and has an appealing little face.

2015, Theo Tait, ‘Don't wear yum-yum yellow’, London Review of Books, volume 34, number 15:

Hemiscyllium ocellatum
Hemiscyllium ocellatum#Translingual

Any of various species of shark that move by ‘walking’ their fins across the sea bed, especially Hemiscyllium ocellatum (epaulette shark) or Hemiscyllium halmahera.


corbina

As a result, although corbinas commonly utilize mollusks, they are limited to the siphons, foot, or other soft parts that either extend from the shell or can be picked from it.

1962, Fish Bulletin, numbers 118-130, Department of Fish and Game, page 48:


kahawai

(New Zealand) Arripis trutta, a marine fish found around the southeastern coast of Australia and New Zealand, having a dark bluish-green body with indistinct rows of spots forming narrow irregular bands on the upper sides.


gillaroo

Borrowed from Irish giolla rua (literally “red fellow”), because of its distinctive colouring. See also McElroy.

bor

Salmo stomachicus, a trout found in Ireland.


bristlemouth

Mueller's bristlemouth (Maurolicus muelleri

A member of one of several of the species of oceanic ray-finned fish in genera Argyripnus or Maurolicus in the family Sternoptychidae.


invasive carp

en-noun

invasive carp (plural invasive carp or invasive carps)

invasive carp (plural)
invasive carps (plural)

Minnesota’s governor recently signed a new bill into law that renames the “Asian carp” because the Asian community might find it offensive. / CBS reported that the bill, passed by the Senate in April and signed by the governor in late May, came about “in response to concern by some people that the current term casts people from Asian cultures in a negative light.” / The new name: “Invasive carp,” Mediaite reported.

2014 June 23, Cheryl K. Chumley, “Minnesota renames the ‘Asian carp’ to avoid hurting Asians’ feelings”, in The Washington Times:


eubrachythoracid

The presence of embryos in the arthrodire Incisoscutum indicate that internal fertilization was the main reproductive mode for this species, and that viviparity could have evolved in other eubrachythoracid arthrodires.

2009 February 26, John A. Long et al., “Devonian arthrodire embryos and the origin of internal fertilization in vertebrates”, in Nature, volume 457, number 7233, →DOI, pages 1124–1127:

Any arthrodire of the clade Eubrachythoraci


megashark

That was about 3m years ago, when the globe was about 3-5F warmer on average, the Arctic 14.4F warmer, megasharks swam the oceans, and sea levels stood at least 20 ft above their current heights.

2015 July 10, “Scientists predict huge sea level rise even if we limit climate change”, in The Guardian:


fangtooth

From Middle English *fangtooth (“fang, canine”), from Old English fengtōþ, from feng (“grasping, capture”) + tōþ (“tooth”). In the name of the fish perhaps a new compound of fang (abbreviation of the former) + tooth.

com

A beryciform fish of the monotypic family Anoplogastridae, with long sharp teeth.


surfperch

Any of the family Embiotocidae of viviparous perciform fishes, found mainly in the northeast Pacific Ocean.


yellowtail barracuda

en-noun

yellowtail barracuda (plural yellowtail barracudas)

Sphyraena flavicauda, a barracuda of the family Sphyraenidae, found in Indo-West Pacific oceans.


cuckoo catfish

cuckoo catfish (plural cuckoo catfishes or cuckoo catfish)

cuckoo catfishes (plural)
cuckoo catfish (plural)

Synodontis multipunctatus, a small African catfish that lays eggs among the eggs of a cichlid, to be taken care of by the cichlid.


blue whiting

A fish of species Micromesistius poutassou, in the cod family, of the North Atlantic and the western Mediterranean.


black swallower

black swallower (plural black swallowers)

A fish of the species Chiasmodon niger, deep-sea fish able to swallow fish much larger than itself.


spiny-cheek sleeper

spiny-cheek sleeper (plural spiny-cheek sleepers)

Any of the genus Eleotris of sleeper gobies with a circumglobal distribution in tropical and subtropical regions.


duck-billed cat

duck-billed cat (plural duck-billed cats)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:duck-billed cat.

(US, dialect, chiefly Mississippi, dated) A paddlefish (Polyodontidae spp.).


Alaska pollock

Alaska pollock (plural Alaska pollocks or Alaska pollock)

Alaska pollocks (plural)
Alaska pollock (plural)

Gadus chalcogrammus
Gadus chalcogrammus#Translingual

Theragra chalcogramma
Theragra chalcogramma#Translingual

A semipelagic schooling fish, Gadus chalcogrammus (syn. Theragra chalcogramma), widely distributed in the North Pacific with largest concentrations found in the eastern Bering Sea.


allis shad

A herring-like fish (Alosa alosa), of the eastern Atlantic that migrates to fresh water to spawn.


common ling

A fish of the species Molva molva, of eastern Atlantic waters, especially the North Sea.


sand lance

Any of the slender fish of the family Ammodytidae.


trout cod

trout cod (countable and uncountable, plural trout cods or trout cod)

Maccullochella macquariensis, a large predatory freshwater fish of eastern Australia.


scopelid

(zoology) Any member of the obsolete family Scopelidae of deep-sea fish, most of which are now considered to belong to the Myctophidae.


black carp

black carp (plural black carps or black carp)

black carps (plural)
black carp (plural)

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

Mylopharyngodon piceus, a cyprinid fish native to East Asia, cultivated for food and traditional Chinese medicine.


white bass

Morone chrysops, a freshwater fish of the family Moronidae, found in the eastern and central United States and adjoining Canada.


red mullet

any fish of the genus Mullus in the family Mullidae


crestfish

crestfish (plural crestfish or crestfishes)

From crest + fish, because of the crest (part of the dorsal fin) that emerges from the snout and head.

Family Lophotidae — Crestfishes

1956, Bulletin of the Florida State Museum: Biological sciences:

Nothing is known about crestfish ages, spawning habits, or migrations, but a larval specimen less than an inch long was cast ashore at La jolla in December, 1905.

1968, John E. Fitch, Deep-water Teleostean Fishes of California, page 87:

This mode of swimming is usually used for slow swimming among fishes, e.g. scabbard and crestfish (Lindsey, 1979).

2014, Maki K. Habib, Handbook of Research on Advancements in Robotics and Mechatronics:

Any of the fish in the lampriform family Lophotidae.


ocean sunfish

ocean sunfish (plural ocean sunfishes or ocean sunfish)

ocean sunfishes (plural)
ocean sunfish (plural)

At well over a tonne, and sometimes more than two, and 3.3 metres (11 feet) across when fully grown, the Ocean sunfish is the world's heaviest bony fish.

2012, Caspar Henderson, The Book of Barely Imagined Beings, Granta Books, published 2013, page 242:

A large, heavy species of bony fish, Mola mola, native to tropical and temperate waters around the world.


euselachian

(zoology) Any member of the infraclass Euselachii.


banded killifish

banded killifish (plural banded killifish)

A topminnow of the species Fundulus diaphanus


Japanese seaperch

Japanese seaperch (plural Japanese seaperch)

Any of three species of highly appreciated marine food fish found in the coastal waters of western Pacific from Kyushu to southern Hokkaido and in the Sea of Japan, Sebastes cheni, Sebastes inermis, Sebastes ventricosus.


hairyfish

hairyfish (plural hairyfishes or hairyfish)

Mirapinna esau, a fish in the family Cetomimidae with unusual fins resembling thorns or hairs.


jacksmelt

Atherinopsis californiensis, an edible neotropical silverside native to the Pacific coast of North America.


sockeye salmon

Oncorhynchus nerka
Oncorhynchus nerka#Translingual

A salmon of the species Oncorhynchus nerka.


yelloweye

The yelloweye mullet, a fish in the family Mugilidae.

The yelloweye rockfish, a fish in the family Sebastidae.


otophysan

For soniferous otophysans, decreased auditory sensitivity is particularly harmful because it may reduce the capacity to detect acoustic signals from conspecifics.

2015 September 24, “Stress and Auditory Responses of the Otophysan Fish, Cyprinella venusta, to Road Traffic Noise”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(zoology) Any of the fish of the Otophysi series within the Ostariophysi superorder, also known as the Otophysa in some classifications.


rockhead

The fish Bothragonus swanii, a variety of poacher.


starsnout

Any of various fishes in the genus Bathyagonus.


alligatorfish

alligatorfish (plural alligatorfishes or alligatorfish)

alligatorfishes (plural)
alligatorfish (plural)

a bottom-dwelling marine fish of species Aspidophoroides monopterygius, family Agonidae, which is found along the coasts of the northwestern Atlantic.


torrentfish

torrentfish (plural torrentfish or torrentfishes)

torrentfish (plural)
torrentfishes (plural)

Cheimarrichthys fosteri, a freshwater fish native to fast-moving, shallow waters in New Zealand that migrates out to sea as part of its life-cycle.


kandhuli

Borrowed from Assamese কান্ধুলি (kandhuli).

bor+

In Assam, for instance, a mild curry made with a fish called kandhuli together with a duck egg is given to someone suffering from measles or chicken pox […].

1998, Harlan Walker, Fish: Food from the Waters, page 255:

Awash in its fragrance, like a kandhuli fish rippling in a pond and making liquid motifs of rings and bangles, her head grew giddier and her heart beat faster.

2015, Arupa Patangia Kalita, translated by Ranjita Biswas, Written in Tears, Harper Perennial, page 1:

(India) The bronze featherback, Notopterus notopterus.


ceratioid

(zoology) Any anglerfish of the suborder Ceratioidei, now Ogcocephalioidei.


alligator fish

en-noun

alligator fish (plural alligator fishes or alligator fish)

alligator fishes (plural)
alligator fish (plural)


placodermian

Furtheron the ancient agnathian and the placodermian fishes disappeared.

1984, Nikita Alekseevich Bogdanov, Palaeontology: proceedings of the 27th International Geological Congress, Moscow 4-14 August 1984:

Many organisms were affected including conodonts, ammonoids, echinoderms, trilobites, ancient agnatian and placodermian fishes, continental plant communities, ostracodes, […]

2008, Tom McCann, The Geology of Central Europe: Precambrian and palaeozoic:

It mainly affected pelagic and hemipelagic organisms (e.g. conodonts, ammonoids, echinoderms, trilobites, ancient agnathan and placodermian fishes), […]

2014, A. Gąsiewicz, M. Słowakiewicz, Palaeozoic Climate Cycles: Their Evolutionary and Sedimentological Impact:

(zoology) Of, or relating to, prehistoric armoured fishes in the class Placodermi.


dipnoid

The dipnoid fishes, which, as we have already seen, attained their maximum of development in the Devonian epoch, show us clearly enough how such a transition probably took place, […]

1918, Arthur Dendy, Outlines of Evolutionary Biology:

A concurrent elimination of sharks from fresh waters, with a countercurrent increase in the dipnoid and ganoid lungfishes, readily can be demonstrated.

1941, Clair Arthaud Hannum, Comparative Chordate Anatomy: A Laboratory Text:

During the Carboniferous some species of dipnoid fish had 30 million years to evolve into reptiles, unless new discoveries may point to other origins for reptiles.

2014, Pietro Gaietto, Phylogenesis of Beauty:

(zoology) Of, or relating to, lungfishes in the subclass Dipnoi.


hilsa

Tenualosa ilisha, a fish in the herring family, and a popular food fish in South Asia.


widemouth blindcat

widemouth blindcat (plural widemouth blindcats)

Any of species Satan eurystomus of North American freshwater catfish, endemic to Texas in the United States and the only representative of the genus Satan.


Pacific sandfish

Pacific sandfish (plural Pacific sandfishes or Pacific sandfish)

Pacific sandfishes (plural)
Pacific sandfish (plural)


sailfin sandfish

sailfin sandfish (plural sailfin sandfishes or sailfin sandfish)

sailfin sandfishes (plural)
sailfin sandfish (plural)


osteoglossomorph

Postcranial pneumaticity is absent in all other extant vertebrates with the known exceptions of osteoglossomorph fish and the hyoid bone in howler monkeys.

2015 December 19, “Vertebral Pneumaticity in the Ornithomimosaur Archaeornithomimus (Dinosauria: Theropoda) Revealed by Computed Tomography Imaging and Reappraisal of Axial Pneumaticity in Ornithomimosauria”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

Any fish of the superorder Osteoglossomorpha.


bronze featherback

bronze featherback (plural bronze featherbacks)

Notopterus notopterus, a fish in the family Notopteridae, found in south and southeast Asia. Young specimens are of a dark bronze colour.


sawshark

/ˈsɔːʃɑː(ɹ)k/

Any of the order Pristiophoriformes of sharks with long, blade-like snouts edged with teeth.

鋸鯊 /锯鲨

any of the order Pristiophoriformes of sharks


veiltail

A variety of goldfish with a long, flowing double tail and high sail-like dorsal fin.


scissortail

Any of various kinds of fish with forked tails, as the bluefin driftfish (Psenes pellucidus) or a devilfish (genus Assessor)


sardinella

sardinella (plural sardinellas or sardinella)

sardinellas (plural)
sardinella (plural)

The small pelagic fish like anchovies, sardines and sardinella are all abundant species in EBUEs where they all have pelagic egg distributions.

2015 October 15, “The Principles of Buoyancy in Marine Fish Eggs and Their Vertical Distributions across the World Oceans”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


kajiki

(Hawaii) Blue marlin (Makaira nigricans)


cownose

Housed in the groups events tent, within the Zellers Discovery Zone, the dome-shaped state-of-the art facility features white-spotted bamboo and nurse sharks alongside cownose and southern stingrays.

2009 May 15, Jason Miller, “Stingrays get company”, in Toronto Star:

(chiefly attributive) Any of various eagle rays of the genus Rhinoptera.


akule

Residents of the island also told of a school of red akule fish that had been spotted in the waters off the island of Hawai‘i, which traditionally foretold the death of an ali‘i.

2012, Julia Flynn Siler, Lost Kingdom, Grove Press, page 122:

(Hawaii) The bigeye scad, Selar crumenophthalmus.


cofferfish

cofferfish (plural cofferfishes or cofferfish)

cofferfishes (plural)
cofferfish (plural)


largie

The fisheries biologist also says other species seen during their surveys besides fat largies include bluegill, black crappie, redear sunfish, pumpkinseed, brown bullhead and channel catfish.

2008, Virginia Wildlife - Volume 69, (Please provide the book title or journal name), page 122:

You'll want to use spinnerbaits to catch the largies, or toss topwater plugs working gaps in the vegetation.

2013, Sportsman's Connection, West-Central Michigan Fishing Map Guide, →ISBN, page 76:

Thick vegetation, lily pads, weed beds and any sort of cover is a typical summer home for a largie.

2015 October 2, “Take advantage of fall fishing opportunities”, in The Kingston Whig-Standard:


muttonfish

muttonfish (plural muttonfish or muttonfishes)

muttonfish (plural)
muttonfishes (plural)

(chiefly US) Any of several Atlantic and Caribbean fishes which are said to taste of mutton, especially a mutton snapper (Lutjanus analis), an ocean pout (Macrozoarces americanus), or an Irish pompano (Diapterus auratus).


baldchin groper

baldchin groper (plural baldchin gropers)

From bald + chin + groper, because it looks like a baldhead from below.

A type of wrasse, Choerodon rubescens, endemic to the waters of Western Australia.


black goby

black goby (plural black gobies or black goby)

black gobies (plural)
black goby (plural)

The Black Goby seldom exceeds the length of five or six inches; it is of the voracious kind, preying on smaller fishes and aquatic insects.

1808, Edward Donovan, The Natural History of British Fishes, volume 5:

Any of the species Gobius niger of ray-finned fishes, found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean and Black Seas.


Waigieu seaperch

Waigieu seaperch (plural Waigieu seaperch)

Psammoperca waigiensis, a latid marine fish, native to tropical coastal waters.


schizothoracine

Studies of fossil schizothoracine fishes from the Kunlun Pass Basin indicated that the East Kunlun Mountain had not yet become a prominent biological barrier in the early Pliocene [57 ].

2015 December 15, “Into Tibet: An Early Pliocene Dispersal of Fossil Zokor (Rodentia: Spalacidae) from Mongolian Plateau to the Hinterland of Tibetan Plateau”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

Any cyprinid fish of the genus Schizothorax (snow carps, snowtrouts, and marinkas).


foxface

(colloquial) A rabbitfish with prominent facial stripes.


walking catfish

walking catfish (plural walking catfishes or walking catfish)

walking catfishes (plural)
walking catfish (plural)

A Southeast Asian catfish that can breathe air and move on land using its pectoral fins, Clarias batrachus


blue catfish

blue catfish (plural blue catfishes or blue catfish)

blue catfishes (plural)
blue catfish (plural)

A very large freshwater catfish native from central North America south to Central America, os species Ictalurus furcatus


brown bullhead

Ameiurus nebulosus
Ameiurus nebulosus#Translingual

A catfish native to eastern North America, Ameiurus nebulosus.


flathead catfish

flathead catfish (plural flathead catfish)

A large freshwater catfish native to North America, Pylodictis olivaris.


lampuka

From Maltese lampuka, from Sicilian lampuca.


Greenland cod

Gadus ojac Rich. (d. s.)—Greenland cod-fish; ojac or ovak (Greenland). Polar regions.

1873, United States Bureau of Fisheries, Report of the Commissioner - United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, U.S. Government Printing Office:

Greenland cods have been observed to perform migrations over 1000 km, northeastern Atlantic cod, 800-900 km, while cod of the North Sea, the Channel, and the Irish Sea undertake migrations of lesser magnitude.

1990, Daniel M. Cohen, Gadiform Fishes of the World:

The Greenland cod (Gadus ogac) is often called rock cod in Newfoundland and Labrador.

2007, George A. Rose, Cod: The Ecological History of the North Atlantic Fisheries:

A species of ray-finned fish in the cod family, (Gadus macrocephalus ogac, syn. Gadus ogac).


ogac

From an Inuit language. Compare Inuktitut ᐆᒐᖅ (oocaq), Greenlandic uuaq, uugaq (“cod”).

The shore fish which were brought to us by Indians from Old Sitka were always dark-colored, with long heads and eyes far apart, and with conspicuous blotches, in general appearance often resembling the small cod taken in shallow water off South Greenland—the ogac form of the common cod.

1881, Proceedings of the American Fisheries Society, volume 10, page 25:

[…] and in this part of the year he then concentrated on collecting and studying trematodes from fishes, the few fish species customarily caught through holes in the ice for consumption, mainly the father lasher and the ogac.

1976, Ornithological observations in Southern Peary Land, North Greenland, 1973, volume 205, page 10:

The ogac most closely resembles the Atlantic cod […]

1992, Brian W. Coad, Guide to the marine sport fishes of Atlantic Canada and New England:

The oceanic-demersal assemblage includes fishes living on or close to ocean-bottom substrates. The ogac, ribbed sculpin, spatulate sculpin, shorthorn sculpin, spinyhook sculpin, archer eelpout, pale eelpout, and daubed shanny are included in this assemblage.

2011, Chukchi Sea Planning Area: Oil and Gas Lease Sale 193 in the Chukchi Sea, Alaska: Revised Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement, DIANE Publishing:


ghost flathead

Any of various fishes in the genus Hoplichthys.


ghost catshark

Apristurus manis, a catshark of the family Scyliorhinidae.


ghost catfish

Kryptopterus vitreolus, a small catfish endemic to Thailand and popular in the aquarium trade.


ghost skate

Rajella dissimilis, a rajid fish of Namibia and South Africa.


knifefish

knifefish (plural knifefishes or knifefish)

Any of numerous fish with knife-shaped bodies, from several different families.


ghost knifefish

ghost knifefish (plural ghost knifefishes or ghost knifefish)

ghost knifefishes (plural)
ghost knifefish (plural)

Any of the family Apteronotidae of ray-finned fishes in the order Gymnotiformes.


black salmon

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha#Translingual

The chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, native to the Pacific.


percine

The Percines, or typical perches, are recognizable by the elongated form of the body, and the numerous spines of the first or spinous dorsal fin

1867, United States Dept. of Agriculture, “Economical American Freshwater Fishes”, in Report of the Commissioner of Agriculture for 1866, Washington: Government Printing Office, page 405:


catlet

One of these was the large-scaled yellowfish, another the barred minnow, and also the small rock catlet.

1978, Dale Kenmuir, A Wilderness Called Kariba: The Wildlife and Natural History of Lake Kariba, page 36:


houting

Coregonus oxyrinchus, an allegedly extinct European whitefish in the Salmonidae family.


steenbras

Any of various fish of the sparid genus Lithognathus.


Moses sole

Pardachirus marmoratus, a small fish of the Red Sea.


twintail

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-twintail.wav

From twin + tail. Sense 2 is a calque of Japanese ツインテール (tsuintēru).

A variety of goldfish with the tail divided into two parts.

(fandom slang, chiefly anime and manga) Either of a pair of unbraided tails worn on the sides of the head; an unbraided pigtail.

(in the plural) A hairstyle with a pair of twintails; unbraided pigtails.


sea ruffe

sea ruffe (countable and uncountable, plural sea ruffe or sea ruffes)

Any of various species of saltwater fish in various families, or a specimen thereof, some species in the genus Sebastiscus.


lingcod

From ling + cod, from its superficial resemblance to those two fish.

Ophiodon elongatus, a fish of the greenlings, of the family Hexagrammidae, native to the west coast of North America.


sea-ruff

A sparoid fish of the genus Pagellus, inhabiting most European coasts, including the Mediterranean


armed bullhead

Agonus cataphractus, a fish covered in hard bony plates.


driftfish

driftfish (plural driftfishes or driftfish)

Any of the family Nomeidae of perciform fishes found in tropical and subtropical waters throughout the world.


hongeohoe

A Korean dish of fermented skate, known for its strong smell.


mbuna

Borrowed from Tonga (Malawi) mbuna (“cichlid”).

The mbunas have suffered such local extinctions for a number of reasons. These include shifts in eating habits for the fisher folk who prefer eating mbunas and save the prime species for their market (in contrast to original beliefs that mbunas are not edible), habitate loss and fragementation leading to loss of breeding sites (especially along the western side of the arm where much development is taking place, for instance, the construction of resorts).

2014, Steve Donda, Fragmentation of Resource Management on the South East Arm of Lake Malawi: Dynamics Around Fisheries:

One of a group of haplochromine cichlids from Lake Malawi.


Jack Dempsey

Named after the American boxing champion Jack Dempsey (1895–1983), because of its aggressive nature and strong facial features.

Rocio octofasciata, a cichlid fish Native to Mexico and Honduras, but widely kept in aquaria and introduced elsewhere in the wild.


cyprinodontiform

From the taxonomic name of the order, Cyprinodontiformes.

(zoology) Any fish in the order Cyprinodontiformes.


toothcarp

toothcarp (plural toothcarps or toothcarp)

Any of the minnow-like toothed fish of the order Cyprinodontiformes


wolf herring

wolf herring (plural wolf herrings or wolf herring)

wolf herrings (plural)
wolf herring (plural)

Any of the family Chirocentridae of marine ray-finned fish related to the herrings, with elongated jaws and sharp teeth.


trimac cichlid

A large cichlid, Cichlasoma trimaculatum.


convict cichlid

convict cichlid (plural convict cichlids)

Its stripes are supposed to resemble a prison uniform.

Amatitlania nigrofasciata, a cichlid fish native to Central America, with black and white stripes.


zebra cichlid

Named from its black and white stripes, like those of a zebra.

Synonym of convict cichlid (Amatitlania nigrofasciata)


Texas cichlid

Herichthys cyanoguttatus, a freshwater cichlid native to the United States, having cream and turquoise spots.


flowerhorn

Could you give information on flowerhorns? I have heard that they were formed by crossbreeding blood-red parrot cichlids to trimacs. Is that true?

2006, Tropical Fish Hobbyist, volume 54, numbers 9-12, page 19:

A brightly-coloured ornamental cichlid with a distinctive nuchal hump.


hassar

Hoplosternum littorale, an edible South American catfish.


hoplo

(informal, aquarium trade) Any of the catfish genus Hoplosternum.


yellow bullhead

yellow bullhead (plural yellow bullheads)

Any of species Ameiurus natalis of catfish, of central and eastern North America.


marbled eel

Any of various eels, most commonly the tropical eel (Anguilla marmorata), but also eels of other species:

Callechelys marmorata (marbled snake eel)

Mastacembelus vanderwaali (ocellated spiny eel, marbled spiny-eel)

Mastacembelus armatus (large spiny eel, marbled spiny eel)

Synbranchus marmoratus (marbled swamp eel, mottled swamp eel


hatchetfish

hatchetfish (plural hatchetfishes or hatchetfish)

hatchetfishes (plural)
hatchetfish (plural)

Any of several freshwater tropical fish of the family Gasteropelecidae


lanternshark

From lantern (“referring to their light-producing photophores”) + shark.

compound

A variety of features distinguish blackbelly lanternsharks from the other lanternsharks. These include the arrangement and number of their denticles, and subtle differences in fin size and coloration.

1997, Leighton R. Taylor, Sharks and Rays, page 192:

Any dogfish shark of the genus Etmopterus, or more widely, the family Etmopteridae.


lepidogalaxiid

Any fish of the family Lepidogalaxiidae from Australia


mudminnow

Any member of the family Umbridae of ray-finned freshwater fish found in temperate regions across the Northern Hemisphere.


lophosteiform

Any fossil fish of the family Lophosteiformes


osteolepidid

(zoology) Any extinct sarcopterygian in the superorder Osteolepidida


osteostracan

Any extinct fish of the class Osteostraci


psarolepid

Any extinct fish of the genus Psarolepis


thelodont

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Thelodonti</i>

(zoology) Any extinct fish of the class Thelodonti, having small, spiny scales.


snail darter

A freshwater fish of species Percina tanasi, of the perch family, found in East Tennessee, United States.


katoptron

splitfin flashlightfish
splitfin flashlightfish

splitfin flashlightfish (Anomalops katoptron)


California smoothtongue

en-noun

California smoothtongue (plural California smoothtongues)

A species of ray-finned fish native to the northeastern Pacific Ocean from British Columbia to Oregon, and the Gulf of California (Leuroglossus stilbius).


smoothtongue

Any of a number species of ray-finned fish of the taxonomic genus Leuroglossus


North American freshwater catfish

North American freshwater catfish (plural North American freshwater catfish or North American freshwater catfishes)

North American freshwater catfish (plural)
North American freshwater catfishes (plural)

Any of the species of catfish native to North America, of the family Ictaluridae


monkeyface prickleback

monkeyface prickleback (plural monkeyface pricklebacks)

A prickleback of the eel-like species Cebidichthys violaceus, native to the Pacific coast of North America.


monkeyface eel

A species of prickleback native to the Pacific coast of North America (Cebidichthys violaceus).


goldspotted killifish

goldspotted killifish (plural goldspotted killifish)

Any of species Floridichthys carpio of pupfish, native to the southeastern United States, Mexico and northern Central America.


hawsom

Borrowed from German Hausen (“sturgeon”).

They say that the hawsom fish in the Danube has been taken twenty-one feet in length; they come up from the Euxine sea in the spring as far as Buda to spawn.

1745, Richard Pococke, A Description of the East:


woundfin

Probably wound + fin, because of a sharp point on its dorsal fin.

Plagopterus argentissimus, a slender, silvery minnow endemic to the Virgin River of the southwestern United States.


protacanthopterygian

Rosen (1973) separated the stomiiforms (= Stomiatoidei) from other protacanthopterygian groups, placing them as the sister-group of all other neoteleosts (Eurypterygii).

1996, Antony S. Harold, “Interrelationships of Stomiiform Fishes”, in Melanie L.J. Stiassny, editor, Interrelationships of Fishes, page 333:

(zoology) Of or from the superorder Protacanthopterygii of ray-finned fish.


stomiiform

(ichthyology) Of or from the order Stomiiformes of ray-finned fish.


neoteleostean

Fishes of the neoteleostean clade are characterized by (among other traits) the possession of a large muscle that extends posterodorsally from the upper pharyngeal jaw to the vertebral column, the retractor dorsalis.

1992, Richard L. Mayden, Systematics, Historical Ecology, and North American Freshwater Fishes:


cuiui

A fish native to Pyramid Lake, the Truckee river and tributaries, Chasmistes cujus, which was an important food fish for the local Indians.


jumprock

jumprock (usually uncountable, plural jumprocks)

Any of a number of North American fish in the sucker genus Moxostoma


buntingi

Any of a number of Indonesian species of ricefish in the family Adrianichthyidae


silver gar

A long, slender fish common to coastal waters of the west Atlantic and nearby freshwater (Strongylura maritima).


mackerel pike

mackerel pike (usually uncountable, plural mackerel pikes)

Any of several species of fish in the family Scomberesocidae, sauries.


needle-nose gar

needle-nose gar (plural needle-nose gar)


cypress trout

(Southern US) A bowfin (Amia calva), very common in cypress swamps but completely unlike a trout


pintano

Abudefduf saxatilis, a species of damselfish.


sevengill

Having seven pairs of gill slits, as some sharks do.


sevengill

A shark with seven pairs of gill slits (Notorynchus cepedianus).


gopher rockfish

Sebastes carnatus, a mottled rockfish of the Pacific coast, primarily off California.


California sheephead

Semicossyphus pulcher, a species of wrasse native to the eastern Pacific Ocean.


slope dragonet

A dragonet of the family Draconettidae, small bottom-dwelling fish of warm ocean waters.


halosaur

A fish of any of the species in the family Halosauridae, deep-sea eel-like fish.


southern topeyed lamprey

southern topeyed lamprey (plural southern topeyed lampreys)

A lamprey of the genus Mordacia, of Chile and Australia


southern lamprey

southern lamprey (plural southern lampreys)

A pouched lamprey (Geotria australis), of Australia


pouched lamprey

pouched lamprey (plural pouched lampreys)

A lamprey of Australia (Geotria australis), with an adult size of 0.5 meters.


banjo catfish

banjo catfish (plural banjo catfish or banjo catfishes)

banjo catfish (plural)
banjo catfishes (plural)

From banjo + catfish. With a short head and wide body, some look banjo-shaped from above.

Any of a number of small tropical catfish in the family Aspredinidae, especially the popular aquarium species Bunocephalus coracoideus


pogge

First recorded c. 1665-1675, of unknown origin.

unk

unknown

A scorpaeniform fish native to the waters of northern Europe, Agonus cataphractus


gasterosteiform

Dermal plates, which are composed exclusively of bone, are known for representatives of taxa like syngnathiforms, tetraodontiforms and gasterosteiforms.

2014, Hermann Ehrlich, Biological Materials of Marine Origin: Vertebrates, page 230:

(zoology) Any fish of the order Gasterosteiformes.


syngnathiform

(zoology) Any fish of the order Syngnathiformes.


twaite shad

A fish in the herring family Clupeidae, Alosa fallax, found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.


variatus platy

en-noun

variatus platy (plural variatus platies)

A tropical fish kept in aquaria, Xiphophorus variatus


flagfish

From flag + fish. The red, white and blue stripes and dots are reminiscent of the American flag.

(US) A freshwater fish in the family Cyprinodontidae native to Florida, Jordanella floridae, sometimes kept in aquaria and used in laboratory tests of the biological effects of environmental pollutants.


javelinfish

javelinfish (plural javelinfish or javelinfishes)

javelinfish (plural)
javelinfishes (plural)

A rattail of species Coelorinchus australis, found around Australia and New Zealand.


zoarcoid

(zoology) Any fish in the suborder Zoarcoidei.


sea moth

Any fish in the family Pegasidae, with winglike pectoral fins and body covered in bony armor.


sargassum fish

sargassum fish (plural sargassum fishes or sargassum fish)

sargassum fishes (plural)
sargassum fish (plural)

A species of frogfish that lives in sargassum and looks very much like it.


garden eel

These eels are often found in groups, poking their heads up from their burrows, and thus resemble plants in a garden.

Any of the subfamily Heterocongrinae in the conger eel family Congridae, which live in burrows on the sea floor.


totoaba

In 1985, seven vaquitas were caught in gill nets being used by Mexican fishermen to catch totoabas (a species of large sea bass), the major commercial species.

1991, Laura O'Biso Socha, Endangered Species of the World, Mallard Press, page 74:

However, porpoises are also caught in other fishing gear, and there is concern that effort will be re-directed from catching totoabas to catching large sharks and rays in nets that threaten vaquitas (cf. Vidal 1993).

1994, Randall R. Reeves, Stephen Leatherwood, Dolphins, Porpoises, and Whales: 1994-1998 Action Plan for the Conservation of Cetaceans, page 47:

2002 October, Implementation Agreement, Inadvertent Overrun and Payback Policy, and Related Federal Actions, Volume 2: Appendices, U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, page G-41,
Totoaba are the largest of the sciaenid fish, with a maximum reported weight of over 100 kg and a length of over 2 meters (Flanagan and Hendrickson 1976).

After the first year, the totoaba spends most of its adult life in the deep waters of the Gulf of California. The totoaba can grow up to 2 meters in length and weigh 140 kilograms (Morrison, Postel and Gleick 1996, 23).

2003, Suzanne Michel, “The Geography of Water Transfers and Urbanization in Baja and Southern California”, in Linda Fernandez, Richard T. Carson, editors, Both Sides of the Border: Transboundary Environmental Management Issues Facing Mexico and the United States, page 210:

In the northern Gulf of California, fishermen report that totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi) are being caught illegally around shallow-water hydrothermal vents.

2009, Matthew J. Forrest, Jorge Ledesma-Vázquez, “12: Active Geothermal Springs and Pliocene-Pleistocene Examples”, in Markes E. Johnson, Jorge Ledesma-Vázquez, editors, Atlas of Coastal Ecosystems in the Western Gulf of California, page 155:

The marine fish Totoaba macdonaldi, the largest member of the drumfish family Sciaenidae, endemic to the Gulf of California, Mexico.


climbing perch

climbing perch (plural climbing perches or climbing perch)

climbing perches (plural)
climbing perch (plural)

Anabas testudineus
Anabas testudineus#Translingual

Any fish in family Anabantidae
Anabas testudineus, native to Asia

Any fish in family Anabantidae
Ctenopoma multispine, native to Africa


kawachibuna

Borrowed from Japanese 河内鮒 (kawachibuna).

The Japanese white crucian carp, Carassius cuvieri.


zingel

A fish of the perch family, found in the Danube.


stanstickle

threespine stickleback
threespine stickleback

(UK, dialectal) A small fish, the threespine stickleback.


tubesnout

A small, thin fish of Pacific North American coastal waters, Aulorhynchus flavidus


padle

The Padle of our market is the male Lump fish (Cyclopterus Lumpus.) The female is called Hush by our fishers; but it is seldom brought to market, being much inferior to the male for the table.

1807, “Fish Market”, in The Scots Magazine and Edinburgh Literary Miscellany, volume 69, page 364:

The male lump-fish, or padle, is brought to market in April and May.

1809, John Roberton, A Treatise on Medical Police, and on Diet, Regimen:

The Lump Fish or Padle, as it is named in Scotland is often taken in the Firth of Forth in the salmon-nets and Musselburgh and Queensferry, generally about the month of June, and entirely disappears after the month of August.

1838, Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society for the years 1831-37, volume 7:

(Scotland, dated) Cyclopterus lumpus, the lumpsucker or lumpfish.


flounderling

On such an one I came
All inadvertently,
Splashing the shallows
Where Atlantic ebb
Was making bare
The flats,
As when one
Wading
Sets unguarded step
Upon a lurking
Flounderling.

1918, Richard Darwin Ware, Rediscoveries, page 102:

At first flounderlings are thin-bodied but typically fishlike in other respects. Then suddenly striking anatomical changes take place, and the creature's behavior becomes fixed for an essentially two-dimensional way of life.

1979, John L. Culliney, The forests of the sea: life and death on the Continental Shelf, page 90:


bradyodont

Any extinct cartilaginous fish of the order Bradyodonti


Mariana snailfish

Mariana snailfish (plural Mariana snailfish)

After the Mariana Trench, where it was discovered.

Pseudoliparis swirei
Pseudoliparis swirei#Translingual

Pseudoliparis swirei, a snailfish considered to be the deepest-swimming fish on Earth.


fourspine sculpin

fourspine sculpin (plural fourspine sculpins)

Cottus kazika
Cottus kazika#Translingual

Cottus kazika, a freshwater sculpin found in Japan.


Japanese dace

Tribolodon hakonensis
Tribolodon hakonensis#Translingual

Any fish of species Tribolodon hakonensis.


arowana

Borrowed from New Latin, specific epithet of Osteoglossum arowana (now Osteoglossu bicirrhosum), borrowed from Guyanese Kari'na arawana (“the fish Osteoglossum bicirrhosum”; or a like form in Macushi), borrowed, probably via Nheengatu arawanã, from Old Tupi aruanã.

A freshwater bony fish of the family Osteoglossidae.

(US) Scleropages formosus (Asian bonytongue)


bonytongue

bony + tongue, in reference to a toothed bone on the floor of the mouth.

They tell us that the fresh waters at Hainin must have been substantial, for they included the remains of a large predatorial fish known as a bonytongue, or saratoga.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 49:


sleepmarken

Unknown. Likely from Norwegian slepe (“drag”) + mark (“worm”). Attested from circa 1762; see quotations below.

3. Myxine glutinosa ["slepmark" or "pirål" in Norwegian], which Gunnerus has dissected himself, and where he had clearly observed the difference between the sexes. [The article published by Gunnerus was, "Om sleep-marken"].

1762 October 9, Johan Ernst Gunnerus, “Letter addressed to Carl Linnaeus”, in The Linnaean Correspondence, retrieved 2018-01-04:

Linné discussed the strange “lamprey” with Norwegian Bishop and naturalist Johan Ernst Gunnerus and they both classified it as a worm. In 1763, Gunnerus wrote about the creature and he then referred to it as a Sleep-Marken.

2011 December 19, Jancuk Jaran, “Hagfish”, in All Animals, retrieved 2018-01-04:

(uncommon) A hagfish, an eel-like marine fish, Myxine glutinosa.


saccopharyngiform

(ichthyology) Any fish in the order Saccopharyngiformes, the gulper eels.


basa fish

basa fish (plural basa fish or basa fishes)

A shark catfish native to southeast Asia, of species Pangasius bocourti.


goldentail

blue-throated goldentail
blue-throated goldentail#English

goldentail moray
goldentail moray#English


goldentail moray

goldentail moray (plural goldentail morays)

A species of moray eel found in the western Atlantic, Gymnothorax miliaris.


shadine

A fish, the menhaden or American sardine.


wedgefish

wedgefish (plural wedgefish or wedgefishes)

(by extension) Any member of the two other species in family Rhinidae, known as shark rays.


gizzard shad

Any of several species of shad-like fish of Indo-Pacific waters, principally in subfamily Dorosomatinae of the herring family Clupeidae.


acanthodid

Any extinct teleostome fish of the class Acanthodii


acanthuroid

Any surgeonfish (or related fish) of the suborder Acanthuroidei


acanthothoracid

Any extinct placoderm of the order Acanthothoraci


amphiaspid

Any extinct agnathan of the taxon Amphiaspidida


arctolepid

Any extinct fish of the family Arctolepidae


astronesthid

From translingual Astronesthidae, an obsolete taxonomic family now synonymous with the family Stomiidae

bor

Any fish of the former family Astronesthidae, especially those of the genus Astronesthes.


brachythoracid

Any extinct placoderm of the suborder Brachythoraci


buchanosteid

Any placoderm of the family Buchanosteidae


Japanese needlefish

en-noun

Japanese needlefish (plural Japanese needlefish)


hatfish

en-verb

hatfish (third-person singular simple present hatfishes, present participle hatfishing, simple past and past participle hatfished)

hatfishes (present singular third-person)
hatfishing (participle present)
hatfished (participle past)
hatfished (past)

If you've never seen the top of your Tinder date's head, he may be hatfishing you.

2017 August 23, Ben Yakas, “Extra, Extra: Liam Gallagher Ranks His Own Haircuts”, in Gothamist:

So basically, if you've got a great job, then fucking hatfish all you want - doesn't matter, Jean will be up for it!

2017 October 24, Gary Ogden, “'Hatfishing' is yet another dating trend – are you guilty of it?”, in Shortlist:

Looks aren’t everything — until you get on this app, where looks just happen to be everything. Be yourself and be honest. Filters and angles can help you look your best, but catfishing and hatfishing are real things.

2018 February 10, Lady Marmalade, “Things you probably shouldn't mention on your Tinder profile”, in Gauntlet, page 41, column 2:

The inclination to hatfish makes sense, given how sensitive men can be about their hair.

2018 April 3, Brittany Wong, “If You're On A Dating App, Chances Are You've Been Hatfished”, in Huffington Post:

You know he ain't hatfishing – there's a glorious grey mane under that woolen number.

2018 December 5, “'Fuckboy' Daniel Day-Lewis is a late entry for best look of 2018”, in Dazed:

To hide one's bald spot or bad hair under a hat in a profile picture for online dating.


cladodont

Any of a group of sharklike Devonian fish that had distinctive, multicusped teeth.


clinostome

Any cyprinid fish (dace) of the genus Clinostomus


colobodontid

Any extinct fish in the family Colobodontidae.


congroid

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Congroidei</i>


ctenacanthid

Any extinct fish of the genus Ctenacanthus


elopocephalan

(biology) Any fish of the unranked taxon Elopocephala


elopoid

(biology) Any fish of the suborder Elopoidei.


Moorish idol

From a popular belief associating Moors with them.

A fish of the species Zanclus cornutus, a colorful marine tropical fish often kept in aquaria.


titiwi

en-noun

titiwi (countable and uncountable, plural titiwis)

At certain times of the year a delicious and diminutive fry of clear gray color, known as "titiri," is taken in sheets at the river mouths.

1938, Douglas Taylor, “Bulletin 119: The Caribs of Dominica”, in Anthropological Papers, number 3, Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology:

In addition to these staples, the villagers are supplied animal proteins from wild animals and creatures such as manique (tree kangaroo), agoutis (Dasyprocta spp.) ciwiks (land crab), viyos (stream snail), cuibishes (cray fish), titiwis (sea fish), etc.

1987, Masao Yamaguchi, Masao Naitō, Social and festive space in the Caribbean:

Recent additions to the calendar of celebrations include the community-based Titiwi Festival held in Layou village and Cochrane's Rabbit Festival. At these events, against a backdrop of music and other entertainment, residents and visitors get to sample titiwi (a tiny translucent fish) or rabbit cooked in a variety of different ways.

2011, Ken Albala, Food Cultures of the World Encyclopedia - Volume 2, →ISBN, page 116:

We used to go and get watercress and titiwi - walking through the bushes, going to the garden.

2012, Celia Sorhaindo, Polly Pattullo, Home Again: Stories of Migration and Return, →ISBN:

Ackra is a kind of seasoned and fried fritter, often made from codfish, breadfruit, tannia and, from September to November, in the days after the moon's last quarter, titiwi, which is a juvenile goby caught in fine nets at the mouths of rivers.

2016, Paul Crask, Dominica, →ISBN, page 55:


lutefish

lutefish (plural lutefish or lutefishes)

Citharinids (commonly known as lutefishes), although not as morphologically and taxonomically diverse as distichodontids, are distributed throughout much of tropical Africa, and constitute an important component of the artisanal fisheries in the region [40].

2013 October, Jairo Arroyave, John S.S. Denton, Melanie L.J. Stiassny, “Are characiform fishes Gondwanan in origin? Insights from a time-scaled molecular phylogeny of the Citharinoidei (Ostariophysi: Characiformes)”, in PLOS One:

The Citharinidae is one of the less species-rich families in Africa with only eight species belonging to three genera. Citharinids, commonly known as lutefish, are distributed throughout much of tropical Africa and constitute an important part of artisanal fishing catches.

2017 January, Iva Přikrylová, Andrew P. Shinn, Giuseppe Paladini, “Description of Citharodactylus gagei n. gen. et n. sp. (Monogenea: Gyrodactylidae) from the moon fish, Citharinus citharus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire), from Lake Turkana”, in Parasitology research, volume 116, number 1:

Any of a family of characiform fish (Citharinidae), including the genera Citharidium (one species), Citharinops (one species), and Citharinus (6 species).


zebra turkeyfish

zebra turkeyfish (plural zebra turkeyfish or zebra turkeyfishes)

zebra turkeyfish (plural)
zebra turkeyfishes (plural)

A venomous fish in the family Scorpaenidae (Dendrochirus zebra).


turkeyfish

turkeyfish (plural turkeyfish or turkeyfishes)

turkeyfish (plural)
turkeyfishes (plural)


zebra lionfish

zebra lionfish (plural zebra lionfish or zebra lionfishes)

zebra lionfish (plural)
zebra lionfishes (plural)

zebra turkeyfish
zebra turkeyfish#English

Synonym of zebra turkeyfish (Dendrochirus zebra)


springfish

springfish (plural springfish or springfishes)

springfish (plural)
springfishes (plural)

Any of the fish in the goodeid genus Crenichthys.


scaleless dragonfish

scaleless dragonfish (plural scaleless dragonfish or scaleless dragonfishes)

scaleless dragonfish (plural)
scaleless dragonfishes (plural)

Chirostomias pliopterus, a species found in the Atlantic Ocean


atheriniform

(ichthyology) Any fish in the order Atheriniformes


weedfish

1957, N. J. Berrill and Jacquelyn Berrill, 1001 Questions Answered about the Seashore, New York: Dover, p. 278,
In spite of fishermen’s opinions and complaints, cormorants feed principally on bottom fish of no commercial value, such as rockfish and weedfish.

They’d been crammed like weedfish aboard the boat for two days; the trip home would probably be longer.

1989, Roland J. Green, The Mountain Walks, New York: Ace, Prologue, page 3:

One of a variety of species of fish of the family Clinidae found in the waters off Australia and New Zealand.


tallywag

Unknown. Compare tallywhacker, which is attested later.

72. CENTROPRISTIS STRIATA. (the black sea-bass, black-fish, tally-wag, hannahill, black-will, black harry)

1890, David Starr Jordan, Carl Eigenmann, A Review of the Genera and Species of Serranidae Found in the Waters of America and Europe, page 391:

These are our five favorites: Black Sea Bass ¶ Also called black perch, rock bass, chub, and tallywag

2014, Bernard Guillas, Ronald Oliver, Two Chefs, One Catch: A Culinary Exploration of Seafood, page 220:

(uncommon) The black sea bass, Centropristis striata.


yellowfin sole

yellowfin sole (plural yellowfin soles or yellowfin sole)

yellowfin soles (plural)
yellowfin sole (plural)

Limanda aspera, a flatfish of the northern Pacific.


kaloama

(Niue) The yellowstripe goatfish, Mulloidichthys flavolineatus.


ex-lax fish

From Ex-Lax, a brand of laxative, because the fish flesh contains wax esters that can cause diarrhea.

(slang, derogatory) Synonym of escolar (an oily marine fish with white flesh, reminiscent of, and fraudulently passed off as, tuna)


humpie

From the shape of the body, which has a hump behind the head.

There was a lot of snagging at first, of humpies too tired to resist, of deadfall trailing limbs in the water, but after a while Gregor caught and by a miracle landed a two-pound rainbow and everyone began fishing in earnest.

1999, Dana Stabenow, Hunter's Moon, →ISBN, page 44:

Humpies travel in schools on or near the surface, so the dorsal fin can be easily spotted.

2011, Warren Miller, Lurching from One Near Disaster to the Next, →ISBN:

The once-unthinkable to Hank became his concentrated project for the next several days: to hone his deckwise wife to the mysteries of spotting and capturing humpie salmon from the viewpoint of the wheelhouse.

2013, William B. McCloskey, Raiders: A Novel, →ISBN:

Oncorhynchus gorbuscha
Oncorhynchus gorbuscha#Translingual

A humpback salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha.


spinal butterfly ray

spinal butterfly ray (plural spinal butterfly rays)

A species of ray found in shallow waters in the Atlantic, taxonomic name Gymnura altavela


northern wolffish

northern wolffish (plural northern wolffish)

In 2009, Maasak Brower, a Utqiaġvik security guard, caught a northern wolffish just half a dozen miles from town.

2018 April 22, Oliver Milman, The Guardian:

Anarhichas denticulatus
Anarhichas denticulatus#Translingual

A species of wolffish, Anarhichas denticulatus, found in the Arctic and North Atlantic oceans.


Colorado snapper

Colorado snapper (plural Colorado snappers)

A fish of the Pacific coast of Central America, Lutjanus colorado.


pakirikiri

(New Zealand) blue cod (Parapercis colias)


lake sturgeon

a freshwater fish in North America of family Acipenseridae, Acipenser fulvescens.


teraglin

(Australia) any of several ocean fishes in the family Sciaenidae, especially:

Atractoscion aequidens (Geelbeck croaker)

Atractoscion atelodus (small lunate caudal fin croaker)

Otolithes ruber (tigertooth croaker, silver teraglin)


pellonulid

Any freshwater herring of the subfamily Pellonulinae


choke-children

From choke + children. The fish is noted for its boniness, which could prove a choking-hazard to children. May be related to folklore surrounding the Cornish saint St. Leven.

(obsolete) A fish, the allis shad (Alosa alosa) or rock herring.


bangamary

She liked bangamary, tilapia, lukanani, and snapper, but the river fish with the dark curved scales—hassar or cascadoo, as the Trinidadians called it—was a delicacy for special occasions.

2008, Godfrey Wray, Beyond Revenge, page 95:

Andrew Doro, a Chinese-American food blogger intent on eating dishes from every nation in the world, without leaving New York City, favors Guyanese Chinese dishes like fried bangamary (a fish) and crispy cha chi gai.

2020 August 18, Richard Morgan, “In This Dinner Series, Chinese Food Is at Home Worldwide”, in The New York Times:


galeomorph

Any shark of the superorder Galeomorphii


grubfish

(especially Malaysia) Certain sandperches (Pinguipedidae)


Klamath smallscale sucker

Klamath smallscale sucker (plural Klamath smallscale suckers)

Catostomus rimiculus
Catostomus rimiculus#Translingual

A fish found in the Klamath river, Catostomus rimiculus.


sheefish

sheefish (plural sheefishes or sheefish)

Anglers who successfully locate, hook, and land sheefish usually accomplish the feat using stout 12- and 15-pound spinning gear cast into deep, moderate-flowing rivers, and retrieved deep along a graveled stream bottom.

1998, Dan Heiner, Fly Fishing Alaska's Wild Rivers, →ISBN, page 159:

I've been fortunate to taste a wide variety of fish from around the globe, and one whose flavor always makes my mouth water is the sheefish.

2003, Scott Haugen, Dan Busch, Flyfisher's Guide to Alaska, →ISBN, page 13:

Furthermore, sheefish in the Kuskokwim drainage come and go unpredictably, which meant we might be casting to fish that were actually hundreds of miles away.

2007, E. Donnall Thomas, Redfish, Bluefish, Sheefish, Snook, →ISBN:


neoselachian

Any shark, skate or ray of the clade Neoselachii


pearl mullet

Pearl mullets are the only species able to survive in the salty, alkaline waters of the lake but swim upstream to lay eggs in freshwater rivers.

2018 May 25, Eric Hilaire, The Guardian:

A species of cyprinid fish, Alburnus tarichi, found in Lake Van of the Armenian Highland in Turkey.


giant kelpfish

One of the most cleverly disguised in the giant kelpfish, an elongated and largely kelp-coloured fish that grows to about 60 centimetres (24 inches) in length.

1991, Martha Holmes, Sea Trek, BBC Books, page 79:

A species of clinid, Heterostichus rostratus.


halfmoon

en:Half Moon (disambiguation)
en:halfmoon

It is only when these alternative foods are in short supply that the halfmoons may seriously damage the kelp, totally stripping plants of their blades.

1991, Martha Holmes, Sea Trek, BBC Books, page 70:

(biology) Any of certain fish in the subfamily Scorpidinae, such as:

A species of sea chub, Medialuna californiensis, native to the Pacific coast of North America.


grey reef shark

grey reef shark (plural grey reef sharks)

Grey reef sharks give birth to at least eight pups at a time, each a hungry, 60 centimetre (24 inch) long predator.

1991, Martha Holmes, Sea Trek, BBC Books, page 132:

A species of requiem shark, Carcharhinus amblyrhynchos.


coral trout

Coral trout, red with purple spots, lay in wait, ready to ambush unsuspecting prey.

1991, Martha Holmes, Sea Trek, BBC Books, page 114:

Coral trout as beautiful fish to spear because they're curious by nature[.]

2008, Monte Dwyer, Red In The Centre: The Australian Bush Through Urban Eyes, Monyer Pty Ltd, page 56:

A species of grouper, Plectropomus leopardus, native to the western Pacific.


fangtooth snake-eel

fangtooth snake-eel (plural fangtooth snake-eels)

A burrow-dwelling eel of species Aplatophis chauliodus, native to the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.


snake-eel

Any member of the family Ophichthidae of eels (order Anguilliformes).


white-eye

white-eye (countable and uncountable, plural white-eyes)

(countable) Any of the passerine birds of the family Zosteropidae, native to Africa, Asia, and Australasia, typically having a ring of tiny white feathers around their eyes.

rilli

passerine bird of the family Zosteropidae


weedy sea dragon

weedy sea dragon (plural weedy sea dragons)

My gaze turned to the weedy seadragon, which was, I had to agree with Mr Hung, a magnificent creature.

2001, Richard Flanagan, Gould's Book of Fish, Vintage, published 2016, page 43:

A marine fish related to the seahorse, native to the waters off southern Australia (Phyllopteryx taeniolatus).


bastard halibut

bastard halibut (plural bastard halibuts)


olive flounder

Paralichthys olivaceus, a temperate marine species of large-tooth flounder native to the north-western Pacific Ocean.


bastard dory

(rare) An old wife: the fish Enoplosus armatus.


old wife

From Middle English ald wyf, eld wiif, olde wyffe.

A species of perciform fish endemic to the temperate coastal waters of Australia (Enoplosus armatus)


cubera snapper

Cubera snappers, whether Atlantic or Pacific, are the giants of the snapper family.

2015, Tom Boyd, Salt Water's Greatest Gamefish:

A commercially important species of snapper native to the western Atlantic Ocean, Lutjanus cyanopterus.


river shark

Any shark of the genus Glyphis (family Carcharhinidae).


Gila trout

Oncorhynchus gilae, a species of salmonid related to the rainbow trout, native to the Southwestern United States.


Atlantic horse mackerel

Atlantic horse mackerel (plural Atlantic horse mackerels)

Trachurus trachurus
Trachurus trachurus#Translingual

A jack mackerel (Trachurus trachurus), of the family Carangidae.


longnose lancetfish

longnose lancetfish (plural longnose lancetfish)

A large predatory lancetfish, Alepisaurus ferox, found in deep-water ocean.


cottonwick

A grunt (fish) of the species Haemulon melanurum


gwelly

The best of the larger are the turbot, red snappers, gwellys and rockfish.

1883 October 18, “Down in Bermuda”, in Forest and Stream, volume 21, page 224:

Key to Bermuda Jacks, Gwellys, Amber-Fish, Bonitos, etc.

1970, William Beebe, John Tee-Van, Field Book of the Shore Fishes of Bermuda and the West Indies:

[…] making better use of formerly under-utilized species such as tuna, wahoo, parrot fish, grunts, porgy, amberjack, gwelly, shark and chub.

1984, Monthly Bulletin of the Bermuda Department of Agriculture & Fisheries:

Besides bonefish, gaff-topsail pompano and gray snapper, anglers fishing the beaches, shallow bays and coral heads of Bermuda can take barracuda, gwelly, chub, and occasionally a yellowtail or a prowling bonito.

2017, Joe Brookes, Greatest Fishing: Where to Go to Get the Best!:

(Bermuda) A large marine fish, Megalaspis cordyla.


largehead hairtail

largehead hairtail (plural largehead hairtails)

Trichiurus lepturus
Trichiurus lepturus#Translingual


graveldiver

Scytalina cerdale, a small, compact perciform fish with a snake-like head.


rhinodon

From Ancient Greek ῥίνη (rhínē, “rasp”) + -odon.

But there were stories told me of how a harpooned rhinodon, having by a lightning-like dive exhausted the supply of rope, which had been accidentally fastened to the boat, dived deeper still, and so pulled pirogue and crew to the bottom" — as, being a true fish, it remains at the bottom as readily as at the top.

1877, Henry Mills Alden, Harper's New Monthly Magazine - Volume 54, page 154:

I was most interested to read in COUNTRY LIFE on June 28 the account of the rhinodon, or whale shark, in the Gulf of Akaba, who in the year 1943 bumped into a boat containing Fishery officials of the Palestine Government.

1946, Major C. S. Jarvis, “A countryman's Notes”, in Country Life, volume 100, page 111:

Several years ago in the English channel a man was swallowed by a rhinodon shark.

2012, Dr Leslie Henry, The Historicity of the Book of Jonah, page 16:

(very rare or nonstandard, archaic) A whale shark of the Indian Ocean.


bowmouth guitarfish

bowmouth guitarfish (plural bowmouth guitarfishes or bowmouth guitarfish)

bowmouth guitarfishes (plural)
bowmouth guitarfish (plural)

Rhina ancylostoma, a ray of the family Rhinidae.


headstander

From head + stander, from their habit of swimming at a 45° angle, head pointed downwards, as if standing on their heads.

Any of several species of South American fish, in families Anostomidae and Chilodontidae in order Characiformes.


pompadour fish

pompadour fish (plural pompadour fishes or pompadour fish)

pompadour fishes (plural)
pompadour fish (plural)


otocephalan

Relating to fish of the clade Otocephala.


glass eel

When these glass eels enter freshwater they transform again into elvers – miniature versions of the adult eels.

2012, Caspar Henderson, The Book of Barely Imagined Beings, Granta Books, published 2013, page 69:


grawl

Back-formation from grawls, a variant of graulse, mistaken as a plural. Ultimately, graulse is a variant of English grilse.

(Scotland, Ireland) A young salmon; grilse


rainbow darter

Etheostoma caeruleum, a North American freshwater fish.


tuskfish

tuskfish (plural tuskfishes or tuskfish)


euchondrocephalan

Any extinct cartilaginous fish of the subclass Euchondrocephali


phoebodontiform

Any extinct cartilaginous fish of the order Phoebodontiformes


phoebodont

Any extinct cartilaginous fish of the family Phoebodontidae


protacrodont

Any extinct shark of the order Protacrodontiformes


sibyrhynchid

Any extinct fish of the family Sibyrhinchidae


symmoriiform

Any extinct cartilaginous fish of the class Symmoriiformes


xenacanth

Any member of the clade Xenacanthida of extinct cartilaginous fishes.


snowflake eel

The Snowflake eel, a kind of moray, is harmless if you leave it alone and refrain from drinking its blood (which is toxic).

2012, Caspar Henderson, The Book of Barely Imagined Beings, Granta Books, published 2013, page 68:


snowflake moray

snowflake moray (plural snowflake morays)

Any member of species Echidna nebulosa of moray eels, widespread through the Indo-Pacific.


brownsnout spookfish

brownsnout spookfish (plural brownsnout spookfish)

The Brownsnout spookfish, which is usually found more than 1,000 metres down beneath tropical-to-temperate waters, looks as if it has four eyes, but there are really just two that are each split into two parts, as if by grotesquely exaggerated bifocal spectacles, with one part looking upward and the other downward.

2012, Caspar Henderson, The Book of Barely Imagined Beings, Granta Books, published 2013, page 107:

A species of barreleye, Dolichopteryx longipes, with widespread tropical and temperate distribution.


lamprologine

Any cichlid fish of the tribe Lamprologini


ceratodontiform

Any lungfish of the order Ceratodontiformes


humphead wrasse

humphead wrasse (plural humphead wrasses)


leptolepidid

Any extinct fish of the genus Leptolepides


elasmobranchid

Any cartilaginous fish of the subclass Elasmobranchii


elpistostegalian

Any prehistoric fish of the clade Elpistostegalia


croppie

"Bexar" is correct as to the black bass, croppie and wide-mouthed perch, all of which are very abundant in Texas waters, but whether the ...

"Our Croppie," the greatest pan-fish of the West, is highly esteemed by us for the table. We have seen a monster Croppie this spring, weighing over three pounds, taken at Murdock Club Lake, near St. Louis, on the Illinois […]

1888, George Brown Goode, American Fishes: A Popular Treatise Upon the Game and Food Fishes of North America, with Especial Reference to Habits and Methods of Capture, page 72:

[page 31:] The croppie usually has only six spines in the dorsal, while the calico bass has seven.
[page 34:] Such a rod, while being quite light, is strong enough to lift the fish from the water, for the croppie gives very [little resistance. ...] The croppies, and especially the southern croppie or newlight, rise well to the artificial fly, and […]

1891, Biennial Report of the Commissioner of Fisheries and Game for Indiana:


sharpnose

Atlantic sharpnose shark
Atlantic sharpnose shark

An Atlantic sharpnose shark (Rhizoprionodon terraenovae)


Atlantic sharpnose shark

Atlantic sharpnose shark (plural Atlantic sharpnose sharks)

A requiem shark of species Rhizoprionodon terraenovae, found in parts of the Atlantic Ocean


mormyroid

The simple anacrosomal aquasperm of the notopteroid Papyocranus afer, the African Knife Fish, appears to be a plesiomorph condition, contrasting with the apomorphic, aflagellate sperm of mormyroids, but does not in itself necessitate exclusion of the mormyroids form the Notopteroidea in which Greenwood (1973) placed them.

1991, Barrie G. M. Jamieson, Fish Evolution and Systematics:

Any freshwater elephantfish (family Mormyridae).


aspidorhynchiform

Clipping of translingual Aspidorhynchiformes

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Aspidorhynchiformes</i>

(ichthyology) Any extinct fish of the order Aspidorhynchiformes


callipurbeckiid

Any extinct fish of the family Callipurbeckiidae


dapediid

Any extinct fish of the family Dapediidae


trevalla

Variant of trevally, though the terms are now usually distinguished as referring to distinct types of fish.

The trevalla was fresh off the boats, and eating it I could not help feeling a twinge on Potter's behalf […] .

2004, Nicholas Shakespeare, In Tasmania, Harvill Press, p. 80

(Australia) Any of various medusafish of the family Centrolophidae, especially Hyperoglyphe antarctica and Seriolella punctata.


halecostome

Any fish of the clade Halecostomi, including bowfins and most ray-finned fishes.


lepisosteoid

Any gar of the superfamily Lepisosteoidea


macrosemiiform

Any extinct fish of the order Macrosemiiformes


obaichthyid

Any extinct fish of the family Obaichthyidae


pachychormiform

Any extinct fish of the order Pachycormiformes


perleidiform

Any extinct fish of the order Perleidiformes


semionotid

Any of the family Semionotidae of extinct fishes.


thunderfish

en-noun

thunderfish (plural thunderfish or thunderfishes)

thunderfish (plural)
thunderfishes (plural)

An electric catfish Malapterurus electricus


dhufish

The Western Australian fish Glaucosoma hebraicum.


nigger-fish

nigger-fish (plural nigger-fishes or nigger-fish)

nigger-fishes (plural)
nigger-fish (plural)

All of the groupers […] are game-fishes worthy of the steel of the angler, and grow to goodly size, twenty to forty pounds. […] Those named are rather sober in their garb, which is more or less marbled or spotted with black, but some of the groupers about Key West are remarkably handsome fishes, and are much given to very gay and bizarre attire; their coats, like Joseph's, being of many colors. […] But the dude of the family is the niggerfish, which is a rag-time dandy, always in full dress for a cake walk.

1908, James A. Henshall, Favorite Fish & Fishing, page 61:

Other prominent marine Serranidae in America are the jewfishes, niggerfishes, groupers, hinds, guasas, scamps, squirrel fishes, and yellowtails.

1930, Frank Moore Colby, Talcott Williams, The New International Encyclopaedia, volume 20, page 638:

(now offensive) A Caribbean grouper, yellowfish, coney (Cephalopholis fulva) (syn. Epinephelus punctatus, Enneacentrus punctatus (family Serranidae)).


Dover sole

Dover sole (countable and uncountable, plural Dover soles)


longear sunfish

longear sunfish (plural head-longear sunfish or longear sunfishes)

head-longear sunfish (plural)
longear sunfishes (plural)

A freshwater sunfish of eastern North America (Lepomis megalotis).


horn shark

Heterodontus francisci, a bullhead shark endemic to the coastal waters off the western coast of North America.


epinephelid

Any fish in the family Epinephelidae, now considered to be the serranid subfamily Epinephelinae; a grouper or sea bass.


gobiiform

Any goby (fish) of the order Gobiiformes


hybodont

At least for one species of hybodont, the mountain lakes of Central Asia provided a nursery for their young, a place where adults would congregate and mate.

2022, Thomas Halliday, Otherlands, Penguin, published 2023, page 165:

An extinct shark (or similar fish) of the order Hybodontiformes.


petalodontiform

Any extinct fish of the order Petalodontiformes


xenacanthimorph

Any extinct cartilaginous fish of the superorder Xenacanthimorpha


eusthenodont

Any prehistoric fish of the genus Eusthenodon


taraquito

From Spanish taraquito, from Tagalog talakitok.

Caranx ignobilis
Caranx ignobilis#Translingual

(Philippines) The giant trevally (Caranx ignobilis)


sinolepid

Any placoderm of the suborder Sinolepidae


triportheid

Similar condition was described by Mirande in the triportheids Agoniates Müller & Troschel, Clupeacharax Pearson, and Engraulisoma Castro, where the pelvic bones also articulate.

2013 January 2, André Luiz Netto-Ferreira, “A New Miniature Characid (Ostariophysi: Characiformes: Characidae), with Phylogenetic Position Inferred from Morphological and Molecular Data”, in PLOS ONE:

(very rare) Any fish of the family Triportheidae.


alepocephaliform

Any slickhead of the order Alepocephaliformes


blackspot sea bream

blackspot sea bream (countable and uncountable, plural blackspot sea breams)

Pagellus bogaraveo
Pagellus bogaraveo#Translingual


pond loach

pond loach (countable and uncountable, plural pond loaches)

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus
Misgurnus anguillicaudatus#Translingual


giant trevally

giant trevally (countable and uncountable, plural giant trevallies)


chubhead

Rhomboplites aurorubens (vermillion snapper)


European chub

Squalius cephalus
Squalius cephalus#Translingual


argentiniform

Borrowed from translingual Argentiniformes, equivalent to argentine + -iform.

bor+

Any fish of the order Argentiniformes of certain marine smelts.


sabrefish

en-noun

sabrefish (plural sabrefishes or sabrefish)


blenniiform

Any fish of the suborder Blennioidei or order Blenniiformes of blennies.


cottiform

Characteristic of fish of the genus Cottus (freshwater sculpins), especially in morphology.


dentatherinid

Any silverside (fish) of the family Dentatherinidae


eurypterygian

Any fish of the infracohort Eurypterygia


percomorphacean

Any fish of the clade or subdivision Percomorphaceae


scombriform

Back-formation from translingual Scombriformes

back-formation

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Scombriformes</i>

(zoology) Any fish of the order Scombriformes


aplocheiloid

Any killifish of the suborder Aplocheiloidei


silver perch

en-noun

silver perch (countable and uncountable, plural silver perches)

Bairdiella chrysoura (family Sciaenidae), native to the east coast of the United States; silver croaker.

Bidyanus bidyanus (family Terapontidae), endemic to Australia.

Leiopotherapon plumbeus (family Terapontidae), endemic to the Philippines.


black mudfish

Neochanna diversus, a galaxiid fish found in swamps and wetlands of the North Island of New Zealand.


coregonid

Any freshwater whitefish of the former family Coregonidae (now Salmonidae)


red porgy

Pagrus pagrus
Pagrus pagrus#Translingual

Pagrus pagrus, the common seabream, of the Atlantic, Caribbean and Mediterranean.


ichthyodectiform

Any fish of the order Ichthyodectiformes


Atlantic bonito

Atlantic bonito (plural Atlantic bonitos)

Sarda sarda, of the shallower waters of the Atlantic, the Mediterranean, and the Black Sea.

Katsuwonus pelamis
Katsuwonus pelamis#Translingual

(UK) Katsuwonus pelamis (skipjack tuna).


dojo loach

Misgurnus anguillicaudatus, a freshwater fish of east Asia, the pond loach.


codlet

Any fish from the family Bregmacerotidae, which resemble small cod.


samson fish

samson fish (plural samson fish or samson fishes)

samson fish (plural)
samson fishes (plural)


three-spined stickleback

three-spined stickleback (plural three-spined sticklebacks)

Gasterosteus aculeatus
Gasterosteus aculeatus#Translingual

Gasterosteus aculeatus, a small fish of coastal and inland waters of the Northern Hemisphere, that can make its spines erect when threatened, which makes it hard to swallow.


honed dace

A small freshwater fish, Semotilus atromaculatus


reefgoby

Any of a number of the species of genus Priolepis of true gobies.


striped panchax

striped panchax (plural striped panchaxes)

A small fish endemic to the fresh and brackish waters of India and Sri Lanka, Aplocheilus lineatus.


carapo

Via Portuguese [Term?] from Tupian sara'pó.

The CARAPO, so called in Brasil, has a body about a foot in length, and not two inches in breadth, being in the shape of a knife, [...]

1763, The Natural History of Fishes and Serpents, Including Sea-turtles, Crustaceous, and Shell Fishes, with Their Medicinal Uses: 3, page 67:

2. Gymnotus carapo. The head of the carapo is of a compressed form, and the upper jaw projects beyond the lower: the tongue is short, [...]. The usual length of the carapo is from 1 to 2 feet; [...]. 3. Gymnotus rostratus, or rostrated gymnote. In its general aspect this species is much allied to the carapo, but is readily distinguished by the peculiar form of the head, [...]

1806, George Gregory, A Dictionary of Arts and Sciences: In Two Volumes, page 892:

The first species of the Sternopygidae mentioned in literature is the carapo of Marcgrav. The name Gymnotus was apparently introduced by Artedi [...]

1893, Carl H. Eigenmann, Papers on Fishes of South and Middle America, page 556:

This single specimen was found among the carapo individuals of sample ZMA 101968. It agrees with the generic definition of Gymnotus as given by ELLIS (1913 : 113, 116-117), but differs from carapo in the following characters (cf. also table 1): greater preanal length [...]

1957, Bulletin of Aquatic Biology, volumes 1-3, page 55:

The banded knifefish, a Brazilian fish, Gymnotus carapo.


goodein

clipping

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Goodeinae</i>

Any splitfin fish of the subfamily Goodeinae


jeniguana

Said by Century to be from Cuban Spanish [Term?] "from a native West Indian name".

Haemulon melanurum, the jeniguana, is known from the West Indies and south to Brazil. It is rather common at Havana, but was not found by us in Porto Rico. It grows to a foot in length and is a good food-fish.

1903, David Starr Jordan, Barton Warren Evermann, American Food and Game Fishes: A Popular Account of All the Species Found in America North of the Equator, with Keys for Ready Identification, Life Histories and Methods of Capture, page 425:

Cottonwick (jeniguana) Not a common fish but a handsome sight to see because of its bold, scissor-like dorsal and tail stripes and the bandit-like mask which usually conceals the eye. Some fishes lack the eye stripe.

1976, Gar Goodson, The Many-splendored Fishes of the Atlantic Coast: Including the Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, Bermuda, the Bahamas, and the Caribbean : 408 Fishes in Full Color:

The cottonwick fish, Haemulon melanurum.


fringehead

Any of several fishes of the genus Neoclinus.


channel bass

Sciaenops ocellatus, a large red edible fish.


spottail bass

The red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, a marine fish with a dark spot near the tail.

Tropical freshwater snappers are highly prized for food and have economic value through recreational fisheries. Prominent species include mangrove jack Lutjanus argentimaculatus, Papuan black bass L. goldiei, spot-tail bass L. fuscescens, and Moses snapper L. russellii.

2011, Johann Bell, Johanna Johnson, Alistair James Hobday, Vulnerability of Tropical Pacific Fisheries and Aquaculture to Climate Change, page 585:

(Papua New Guinea) The freshwater snapper, Lutjanus fuscescens, a freshwater fish with a dark spot near the tail.


acanthodiform

A sharklike fish of the order Acanthodiformes


ischnacanthid

Any sharklike early fish of the family Ischnacanthidae


ischnacanthiform

Any primitive gnathostome of the order Ischnacanthiformes


poracanthodid

Any extinct gnathostome of the family †Poracanthodidae


white salmon

White Salmon, Washington: a small US city


kelp salmon

A fish (Paralabrax clathratus, syn. Labrax clathratus, Serranus clathratus).


holodontid

From translingual Holodontidae, from an obsolete genus name.

Any extinct lungfish of the family †Holodontidae.


grass bass

Any fish of species Pomoxis nigromaculatus (speckled perch or black crappie).


elassomatiform

Any pygmy sunfish of the suborder Elassomatiformes


exocoetoid

Any fish of the superfamily Exocoetoidea; a flying fish or halfbeak.


mastacembeloid

Any spiny eel / swamp eel of the suborder Mastacembeloidei


pristolepidid

Any leaffish of the family Pristolepididae


rock cod

Any of several Australian fishes of the genus Lotella


begti

Lates calcarifer
Lates calcarifer#Translingual


sea fish

en-noun

sea fish (plural sea fishes or sea fish)


agnathostome

Any jawless fish of the superclass Agnatha


sooty grunter

The other fish Will expected could be hooked, perhaps, a few reasonable-sized freshwater sooty grunter, rifle fish or bream, if the boat was in the main water arteries coming up to the coast from the spring-fed river systems.

2006, Alexis Wright, Carpentaria, Giramondo, published 2012, page 169:

A freshwater fish of species Hephaestus fuliginosus, of coastal northern Australia.


rifle fish

(Australia) Any of several tropical freshwater fish of the family Toxotidae.


crossognathiform

Any extinct fish of the order †Crossognathiformes


pleuropholid

Any extinct fish of the genus †Pleuropholis


tropical fish

tropical fish (plural tropical fishes or tropical fish)

tropical fishes (plural)
tropical fish (plural)

Fish from tropical waters, typically kept in an aquarium.


line fish

line fish (plural line fishes or line fish)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-line fish.wav

The tailor — is that a sea fish — a line fish? It is a sea fish, but not a line fish. They will bite at a line, but they are not a fish you can depend on with the line.

1880, New South Wales. Parliament. Legislative Council, Journal (volume 30, part 3, page 460)


austrotilapiine

Any of a certain genus of African cichlid


sail-fluke

Synonym of megrim (“Cornish sole or whiff (Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis)”)


cladoselachian

Any of the genus †Cladoselache of extinct cartilaginous fish.


ctenacanthiform

Any extinct fish of the order †Ctenacanthiformes


cockabully

A common small, blunt-nosed, stocky endemic freshwater fish, Forsterygion nigripenne, that lives in New Zealand streams and rivers.

kokopara

a small New Zealand freshwater fish species


trimac

Could you give information on flowerhorns? I have heard that they were formed by crossbreeding blood-red parrot cichlids to trimacs. Is that true?

2006, Tropical Fish Hobbyist, volume 54, numbers 9-12, page 19:


kivver

Kivvers would bite at just about anything dropped into the water. I remember how my friend Donny once snagged three or four with a small safety pin jiggled back and forth in front of their faces.

1987, Jim Nollman, Animal Dreaming, page 45:


cladistian

Cladistians (bichirs) are yet another taxon whose phylogenetic position has been much debated since the nineteenth century. Cladistians share some unique skeletal characters with actinopterans (i.e., acipenseriformes and neopterygians), such as the ganoid scale structure or the acrodin cap on teeth, and numerous soft-tissue characters, notably in brain development (everted telencephalon) and muscles of the jaw and gill arches.

2011, Fish Physiology: Primitive Fishes, page 15:


phyllodontid

Any extinct fish of the family Phyllodontidae


summer flounder

summer flounder (plural summer flounders)

The marine flatfish Paralichthys dentatus, the fluke.


peacock flounder

peacock flounder (plural peacock flounders)

Its bright coloration is reminiscent of a peacock's feathers.


sand flounder

Any of the family Paralichthyidae of flounders.


sand shark

A mackerel shark of the family Odontaspididae.


slingjaw wrasse

slingjaw wrasse (plural slingjaw wrasses)


bamboo shark

Any of the family Hemiscylliidae of sharks,


ghost shark

Any primitive fish of the order Chimaeriformes


river chub

Nocomis micropogon, a cyprinid minnow common in North American streams.


Patagonian toothfish

Patagonian toothfish (plural Patagonian toothfishes or Patagonian toothfish)

Patagonian toothfishes (plural)
Patagonian toothfish (plural)

Dissostichus eleginoides
Dissostichus eleginoides#Translingual

Dissostichus eleginoides, a commercially exploited, cold-water fish of the southern hemisphere.


phyllolepidid

Any phyllolepid placoderm of the family Phyllolepididae


palaeonisciform

Any extinct fish of the order Palaeonisciformes


petalichthyid

Any extinct placoderm fish of the order †Petalichthyida


cheirodontine

Any fish of the subfamily Cheirodontinae


sea hound

From sea + hound. Compare formally similar Dutch zeehond (“seal”), German Seehund (“seal”), which are alterations of earlier Dutch zaalhond (literally “seal-hound”) (<Middle Dutch saelhont, seelhont), earlier German Seelhund (literally “seal-hound”).


pituriaspid

Any extinct fish of the order †Pituriaspida


cheiracanthid

Any sharklike early fish of the family Cheiracanthidae


climatiid

Any extinct cartilaginous fish of the family †Climatiidae


coccosteid

Any placoderm of the family Coccosteidae


gyracanthid

Any extinct fish of the family †Gyracanthidae


mesacanthid

Any acanthodian fish of the family Mesacanthidae


scalefish

en-noun

scalefish (plural scalefishes or scalefish)


daggertooth pike conger

daggertooth pike conger (plural daggertooth pike congers)

Muraenesox cinereus, a species of eel native to the Pacific and Indian Oceans.


eel-blenny

carpet eel-blenny (Congrogadus subducens)

eared eel-blenny (Congrogadus subducens)

Shark Bay eel-blenny (Notograptus gregoryi)

small-spot eel-blenny (Congrogadus spinifer)

Any of several species of slender fish:
snake prickleback (Lumpenus sagitta)

Any of several species of slender fish:
spiny eel-blenny (Congrogadus spinifer)


cyprinodontine

Any pupfish of the subfamily Cyprinodontinae


sea panther

A South African fish (Congiopodus torvus), brown with black spots, resembling a lamprey.


sea fox

fox shark; thresher shark (Alopias spp.).


slough shark

(Canadian Prairies, slang, humurous) northern pike


penis fish

penis fish (plural penis fishes or penis fish)

penis fishes (plural)
penis fish (plural)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-penis fish.wav

From penis + fish.
* (catfish): From its apocryphal ability to enter the penis.
* (worm): From its appearance resembling a human penis.

A candiru, a parasitic catfish of the genus Vandellia, alleged to be able to enter the human urethra.

Any of certain species of Urechis worm, including:

Urechis caupo, a North American spoon worm.

Urechis unicinctus, an East Asian spoon worm.


mossyback

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-mossyback.wav

From mossy + back (in sense 2 (“person who stayed hidden to evade conscription during the American Civil War”) probably a variant of mossback, which is attested earlier), alluding to someone or something that is so old or has remained so unmoving that it is as if moss has grown on them or it.
Sense 3.2 (“menhaden”) may be influenced by mossbunker.

(informal, historical, obsolete) Synonym of mossback (“a person who stayed hidden to evade conscription (especially by the Confederate States Army) during the American Civil War (1861–1865)”)


blochiid

A prehistoric fish of the family Blochiidae


glandulocaudin

Any fish of the subfamily Glandulocaudinae


sunbleak

Synonym of moderlieschen, Leucaspius delineatus.


moderlieschen

From German Moderlieschen, from or corresponding to Mutterlöschen, Mutterloseken, literally "motherless one(s)", because the eggs can withstand long exposure to air, stick to ducks and other birds, and be carried to ephemeral ponds, where they may hatch without adults present, leading to folk beliefs that the fish were motherless.

Leucaspius delineatus (Heckel) The common moderlieschen is a small fish of no economic importance, living in the basins of many Ukrainian rivers. Body length: up to 7-8cm (usually less).

1963, Aleksandr Prokofʹevich Markevich, Parasitic Fauna of Freshwater Fish of the Ukrainian S.S.R.: (Parazitofauna Presnovodnykh Ryb USSR):

[…] numbers of eggs in ribbons (perch) or strings (the moderlieschen Leucaspius delineatus) which are entwined amongst submerged vegetation.

1975, B. A. Whitton, River Ecology, Univ of California Press, →ISBN, page 226:

To avoid lipoid degeneration in the trout liver young fish which contain less fat should be used. Fresh-water trash fish (bleak, ruff, gudgeon, loach, verkhovka or moderlieschen, minnow, etc.) are considered a better natural food, […]

1983, F. Martyshev, Pond Fisheries, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 366:

The European moderlieschen, Leucaspius delineatus, which lays eggs in spirals or rings on plant stems, is aided by enlarged genital papillae.

2012, Ian J. Winfield, Joe S. Nelson, Cyprinid Fishes: Systematics, biology and exploitation, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 144:

Leucaspius delineatus, a species of freshwater fish found throughout temperate continental Europe.


polypteroid

But this seems an unnatural arrangement; although the polypteroids and acipenserids are similar in that the number of fin rays is greater than the number of their basal skeletal supports and because there is an unmistakable spiral valve in the intestine […]

2018, Henry B. Bigelow, Soft-rayed Bony Fishes: Orders Acipenseroidei, Lepisostei, and Isospondyli:


gilt-head

To give another instance: upon examining the fins of a fish to me unknown, I find them prickly; I then look for the situation of the ventral fins, I find them entirely wanting; this then must be a prickly-finned apodal fish. Of this kind there are but three; and, by comparing the fish with the description, I find it either of the trichurus kind, the sword-fish, or the gilt-head.

1813, Oliver Goldsmith, A history of the earth: and animated nature - Volume 6, page 258:

The common gilt-head (C. aurata) is the one best known. It is exceedingly abundant in the Mediterranean, and not rare on the west coast of Spain, Portugal, and France.

1838, Charles F. Partington, The British Cyclopaedia of the Arts, Sciences, History, Geography, Literature, Natural History, and Biography, page 701:

An underwater hunter spots gilt-heads under twenty, twenty-five or even thirty feet of water.

1955, Pierre de Latil, The Underwater Naturalist, page 169:


notacanthiform

Any of the order Notacanthiformes of deep-sea spiny eels.


procatopodine

Any fish of the subfamily Procatopodinae


eugaleaspid

Any fish of the order Eugaleaspidiformes


porkfish

porkfish (plural porkfish or porkfishes)

Any grunt (fish) of the species Anisotremus virginicus.


pteraspidid

Any extinct jawless fish of the family †Pteraspididae


hogmolly

At Martinsville large common and quillback suckers, hogmollies, sunfish, and numerous minnows are found.

1944, United States. Army. Corps of Engineers. Ohio River Division, Ohio River Pollution Control: Report (volume 3, page 1309)

Another thing: most native Ozarkers actually prefer suckers to either bass or trout, and will regularly pass up game fish in order to strike at a big redhorse or hogmolly!

2017, Vance Randolph, Robert Cochran, The Ozarks: An American Survival of Primitive Society, page 235:


gymnotine

Any of the genus Gymnotus of knifefishes.


actinopterian

Any fish of the Actinopteri, variously treated as a clade, class, or sub- or infra-class.


arrowtooth flounder

arrowtooth flounder (plural arrowtooth flounders)

A flatfish, of species Atheresthes stomias.


mongolepid

Any extinct fish of the genus †Mongolepis


mongolepidid

Any extinct fish of the family †Mongolepididae


sinacanthid

Any of a group of extinct chondrichthyans from China


squatiniform

Any angel shark of the order Squatiniformes


sinarapan

Mistichthys luzonensis the smallest commercially-harvested food fish endemic to Bicol Region, Philippines


whipray

whiptail stingray
whiptail stingray#English


whiptail stingray

whiptail stingray (plural whiptail stingrays)


sun granny

(US) The redbreast sunfish (Lepomis auritus).


American paddlefish

American paddlefish (usually uncountable, plural American paddlefishes)

Polyodon spathula
Polyodon spathula#Translingual

A primitive freshwater fish with a paddle-shaped snout, Polyodon spathula, native to the southern US.


spined loach

Cobitis taenia
Cobitis taenia#Translingual

A small freshwater fish (Cobitis taenia), found in most of northern temperate Europe.


otocinclus

From the genus name Otocinclus. First part from Ancient Greek ὠτο- (ōto-), stem of οὖς (oûs, “ear”).

Any of the species of small South American freshwater fish of the genus Otocinclus, popular in home aquariums.


koi carp

Meanwhile, NR faced an unexpected challenge when a night watchman spotted several Koi Carp swimming in floodwater close to the railway, after they had escaped from a nearby private residence. Wilson says the owner was eventually traced, and the fish were safely returned "after enjoying swimming around in a 3,000-acre lake".

2020 May 20, Paul Stephen, “NR beats floods to secure tracks to Drax”, in Rail, page 59:


garrick

A good candidate for record seekers, garricks are easy to identify, relatively easy to catch and are good table fare.

1990, Boating, volume 63, number 7, page 100:


leerfish

leerfish (plural leerfishes or leerfish)

Partial calque of Afrikaans leervis, from leer (“leather”) + vis (“fish”).


devil ray

Any of the rays of the genus Mobula, especially Mobula birostris, the manta ray.


Dolly Varden trout

Dolly Varden trout (plural Dolly Varden trout)

Named after Dolly Varden, a character in Barnaby Rudge, a novel by Charles Dickens, and the 19th-century woman's outfit of the same name. For more information, see Dolly Varden trout on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

pedia

Dolly Varden trout#Origin of common name "Dolly Varden"

A salmonid fish, Salvelinus malma, native to cold-water tributaries of the Pacific Ocean in Asia and North America.

Barnaby Rudge
Charles Dickens
Dolly Varden trout


cockfish

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-cockfish.wav

Spawning fish on the redds. A henfish will often be attended by two or three cockfish – whilst displaying ritual combat between themselves, one cock will mate, others may follow [image caption]

2005, Roderick Sutterby, Malcolm Greenhalgh, “Life in the Nursery”, in Atlantic Salmon: An Illustrated Natural History, Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, →ISBN, page 23:

A male fish, especially a salmon or trout.

Morphology of the main digestive features of cockfish, Callorhinchus callorhynchus, is described and linked to feeding habits. […] The diet of the cockfish is compared with that of other holocephalans.

1996, Edgardo E. Di Gitlcomo, Maria Raquel Perier, “Feeding habits of cockfish, Callorhinchus callorhynchus (Holocephali: Callorhynchidae), in Patagonian waters (Argentina)”, in Marine and Freshwater Research, volume 47, number 6, →DOI, page 801:

A callorhinchid fish, Callorhinchus callorynchus, native to South America.

A cyprinid fish, Hypselobarbus dubius, native to India.


redband

The Warner Lakes redband lives mostly in Oregon, but for the purposes of the challenge, of course, you have to catch your fish in California.

2020, James Pogue, “Redbands”, in California Fly Fisher:

One of several subspecies of rainbow trout (O. m. gairdneri, O. m. newberrii, O. m. stonei).


scoophead

A species of hammerhead shark, Sphyrna media, distinguished by its moderately broad, mallet-shaped head.


dusky shark

A requiem shark of species Carcharhinus obscurus, found in tropical and warm-temperate continental seas worldwide.


gegharkuni

A subspecies of the Sevan trout, Salmo ischchan gegarkuni.


osteoglossoid

Any fish of the suborder Osteoglossoidei


gnomefish

en-noun

gnomefish (usually uncountable, plural gnomefishes)

A marine food fish found in the western Indo-Pacific region from Japan to South Africa, Scombrops boops.


wenchman

A marine food fish native to the subtropical and tropical western Atlantic/Caribbean, Pristipomoides aquilonaris, a type of snapper.


Chinamanfish

Chinaman + fish: the fish is relatively harmless in Chinese waters, but frequently toxic in Australia. Perhaps Chinese immigrants were noted for eating it when other Australians wouldn't.

(Australia) A type of snapper native to the western Pacific, Symphorus nematophorus, which is a commercial food fish in some areas, but ciguatoxic in others.


Pacific saury

Pacific saury (plural Pacific sauries or Pacific saury)

Pacific sauries (plural)
Pacific saury (plural)

A species of the saury family native to north Pacific Ocean from Yellow Sea to Gulf of Alaska; Cololabis saira.


stripetail darter

stripetail darter (plural stripetail darters)


chiselmouth

A North American fish (Acrocheilus alutaceus)


small-spotted catshark

small-spotted catshark (plural small-spotted catsharks)

Scyliorhinus canicula
Scyliorhinus canicula#Translingual

Scyliorhinus canicula, a fish native to northern European waters.


Atlantic saury

Atlantic saury (plural Atlantic sauries)


cockatouche

A freshwater fish (Triglopsis thompsonii) found in Canada


bucketmouth

Micropterus salmoides
Micropterus salmoides#Translingual

Micropterus salmoides (largemouth bass).


brismak

Ultimately from Old Norse brosma, compare dialectal Norwegian bresma; ultimately related to English bream, which see for more.

The Torsk it seems, from his account, or as it is called in the Shetlands, Tusk and Brismak, is a northern fish, which as yet has not been discovered lower to the southward than the Orknies, and is even rather scarce there.

1804, Edward Donovan, The Natural History of British Fishes: Including Scientific and General Descriptions of the Most Interesting Species and an Extensive Selection of Accurately Finished Coloured Plates, Taken Entirely from Original Drawings:

itt I wiz kummin hemm frae Ska, / whaar I wiz rowin dat simmer, / ee setterdey nycht wi a biudie o' / ling hedds an peerie brismaks, an / bruk o' dat kynd apo ma bak,
that I was coming home from / Ska, wheere I was fishing that / summer, one Saturday night with a creil [or basket] ling heads / and small tusk-fish, and scaps / of that kind upon my back,

1886, "A---d B---y", "Letter in the Dialct of the Shetland Isles", in George Laurence Gomme, Dialect, Proverbs and Word-lore: A Classified Collection of the Chief Contents of The Gentleman's Magazine from 1731-1868, page 31

Twa brismaks, a stäblin', an' four krooners [grey gurnards]!

(Shetland, Orkney) A torsk, a tusk (fish).


wakasagi

Means of Introduction: Wakasagi were intentionally introduced in 1959 from Japan by the California Department of Fish and Game as an experimental forage fish for trout

2011 September 16, “wakasagi (Hypomesus nipponensis)”, in NAS - Nonindigenous Aquatic Species, USGS:

Wakasagi are pelagic plankton feeders found in open lakes, streams and reservoirs. They can survive in a wide range of temperatures (2-29°C) and salinities (0-29 ppt).

2021, “California fish species”, in University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources:

Japanese smelt, Hypomesus nipponensis, a fish native to Japan and introduced in the United States


bekko

A koi carp with black markings on white, red or yellow skin.


blueside wrasse

blueside wrasse (plural blueside wrasses)

Cirrhilabrus cyanopleura, a wrasse native to the eastern Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.


Japanese jack mackerel

Japanese jack mackerel (plural Japanese jack mackerels)

Trachurus japonicus, of the fish family Carangidae,


ragfish

From rag + fish, from the limpness of its body, the skeleton being mostly cartilage.

Icosteus aenigmaticus, a ray-finned fish of the northern Pacific Ocean.


monopneumonian

suf

translingual <i class="Latn mention" lang="mul">Monopneumonia</i>

Any lungfish of the former order Monopneumonia


leuciscine

(ichthyology) Any fish in the cyprinid subfamily Leuciscinae


waspfish

en-noun

waspfish (plural waspfish or waspfishes)


kilch

Borrowed from German Kilch, Swiss German variant of Kelch (“double chin, crop”).


Asian swamp eel

Asian swamp eel (plural Asian swamp eels)

Monopterus albus
Monopterus albus#Translingual

An air-breathing species of fish (Monopterus albus) found in East and Southeast Asia.


kingston

monkfish, angel shark (Squatina squatina)


finned fish

finned fish (plural finned fishes or finned fish)

finned fishes (plural)
finned fish (plural)

A ray-finned fish, as distinguished from shellfish, cartilaginous fish and other similar sea creatures used as food.


green jobfish

green jobfish (plural green jobfishes or green jobfish)

green jobfishes (plural)
green jobfish (plural)

Aprion virescens, a marine ray-finned fish.