syrah

en-noun

syrah (countable and uncountable, plural syrahs)

Borrowed from French syrah. The derivation from the Persian city name of Shiraz (شیراز) is today believed to be a legend. The same goes for derivations from Syria, Syracuse or the Greek island of Syros. The name might be connected to the Celtic root Proto-Celtic *serrā, "billhook", referring to the method of harvesting.

A dark-skinned variety of grape, used to produce red wines.


poblano

/pəˈblɑːnəʊ/

/pəʊˈblɑːnəʊ/

In our times of popular gourmetism, the Anaheim chili is easy to find year round in the supermarket, but the poblano remains seasonal in spring and fall.

1993, Huntley Dent, Feast of Santa Fe: Cooking of the American Southwest, page 62:

A mild green chile pepper native to Mexico; when dried, the chilis are called anchos or chiles anchos (“wide chilis”).


jostaberry

From German Jostabeere, itself derived from Johannisbeere and Stachelbeere.

A fruit made by crossing several members of the Ribes genus, including blackcurrant and gooseberry.


anet

Inherited from Middle English anet, anete, annet, annete, from Middle French anet, from Latin anēthum (“dill; anise”).


cherrywood

A hardwood obtained from the cherry tree, valued for use in furniture and other woodworking applications.


xynisteri

This crisp, lemony white is made using xynisteri grapes, imported centuries before from the Greek mainland.

2009 January 24, Gord Stimmell, “Greece, France, Australia shine in this release”, in Toronto Star:

A white grape indigenous to the island of Cyprus.


potato cake

(Scotland, England) A savory flat cake made from flour and mashed potatoes, often fried or baked.


chili oil

chili oil (countable and uncountable, plural chili oils)

A spicy condiment in which crushed dried red chili peppers (and sometimes other ingredients) have been macerated in oil


standardbred

From standard + bred. In this context, the word "standard" refers to the fact that in the early decades of the breed's development, all breeding stock had to meet a specific performance standard, namely ability to trot or pace a mile in no more than 2 minutes, 30 seconds.

"Jockeys waste and drivers don't and maybe the breed (standardbred) might be a bit more conducive to the conditions."

2009 January 30, Tim Habel, Matt Stewart, “Heat on VRC to delay Flemington meeting”, in Herald Sun:

(horse racing) A breed of horse bred specifically for harness racing


jumpout

The few who attended Tuesday's important Lightning Stakes jumpouts at Flemington on Tuesday may have been put off by Swick's lethargic display.

2009 January 31, Matt Stewart, “Bart Cummings ready to derail Lightning match race”, in Herald Sun, archived from the original on 2009-02-05:

I did get to ride in a couple of barrier jumpouts, but even that was sprung on me. I was riding a horse towards the track when Murty said it was going for a jumpout, a sprint about 400 metres from the barriers down the home straight.

2011, David Brasch, Peter Cook, Jockeying To The Top, unnumbered page:

(Australia, horse racing) An unofficial trial race.


trackwork

McDonald described Weekend Hussler's trackwork this preparation as "frightening".

2009 January 30, Tim Habel, “Short journey to suit Hussler”, in Herald Sun:

(horse racing) Practice in racing around a track


cherry laurel

Prunus sect. Laurocerasus
Prunus sect. Laurocerasus

An evergreen cherry in the section Prunus sect. Laurocerasus, some of which are cultivated as ornamentals.

Prunus caroliniana, native to the southeastern United States.


hit-out

(Australia, horse racing) A fast gallop.


basmati

basmati (countable and uncountable, plural basmatis)

From Hindi बासमती (bāsmatī, literally “fragrant”).

bor

Diwaniya is the capital of the almost completely Shiite farming province of Qadisiya, known for its marshy fields where farmers grow aromatic ambar rice, similar to India’s basmati.

2007 June 21, Alissa J. Rubin, “Shiite Rivalries Slash at a Once Calm Iraqi City”, in New York Times:

A variety of long-grain rice, notable for its fragrance.


arborio

en-noun

arborio (usually uncountable, plural arborios)

/ɑːˈbɔːɹɪ.əʊ/

/ɑɹˈbɔɹi.oʊ/


viognier

viognier (countable and uncountable, plural viogniers)

Though the red we drank was fine with the dish, a white, like a rich viognier with a pedigree — a Condrieu, of course — suits it in far better style.

2007 April 4, Florence Fabricant, “Chicken Meets Fingerlings, and Trumps Lobster”, in New York Times:

A white wine made chiefly from viognier grapes.


muscadet

Unconventionally, he recommends a Loire red with fresh oysters, a dish the French customarily consume with muscadet, a piercing Loire white.

2007 July 22, Howard G. Goldberg, “Loire to Order: Offbeat Choice”, in New York Times:

A white grape grown chiefly in the Loire valley of France, or a dry white wine made from this grape.


iroko

iroko (countable and uncountable, plural irokos)

Milicia excelsa
Milicia excelsa#Translingual

A hardwood obtained from several African trees, especially of the species Milicia excelsa.

イロコ

hardwood obtained from several trees of the genus Chlorophora

odum

Milicia excelsa (syn. Chlorophora excelsa)


mizuna

mizuna (usually uncountable, plural mizunas)

His cold sesame chicken seasoned with chili is finely shredded and served in carefully wrought clusters around a salad of mizuna.

2007 June 20, Florence Fabricant, “From a Japanese Chef, Chinese, but Not Takeout”, in New York Times:

One of several tangy green vegetables used in Japanese cuisine, usually Brassica rapa var. nipposinica


einkorn wheat

einkorn wheat (countable and uncountable, plural einkorn wheats)

Borrowed from German Einkorn (literally “single grain”).

bor

2001, Bruce D. Smith, Chapter 6: The Transition to Food Production, Gary M. Feinman, T. Douglas Price (editors), Archaeology at the Millennium: A Sourcebook, Springer, 2007, Softcover, page 207,
A team of researchers from Norway, Germany, and Italy, for example, has recently pinpointed the particular populations of modern wild einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum subsp. boeoticum) that best fit the profile of those stands that probably gave rise about 10,000 years ago in the Near East to domesticated einkorn (Heun et al., 1997).

In Southwest Asia, cereals were among the first plants to be domesticated, with einkorn wheat (Triticum monococcum L.), emmer wheat (T. dicoccum Schiibl.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) present at farming sites dating to the 9th millennium BC (Bell, 1987; Kislev, 1992; Zohary and Hopf, 2000).

2006, Terence A. Brown, Sarah Lindsay, Robin G. Allaby, “Chapter 9: Using Modern Landraces of Wheat to Study the Origins of European Agriculture”, in Timothy J. Motley, Nyree Zerega, Hugh Cross, editors, Darwin's Harvest: New Approaches to the Origins, Evolution, and Conservation of Crops, Columbia University Press, page 197:

Nevertheless, since some plants and animals were more amenable to domestication and more useful (the “founder crops” of emmer and einkorn wheat, barley, lentil, pea, chickpea, bitter vetch (Zohary and Hopf 2000); and sheep, goats, and pigs), its origin and spread within that region can be traced.

2011, Nancy H. Demand, The Mediterranean Context of Early Greek History, Wiley (Wiley-Blackwell), page 17:

If and when you do eat carbohydrate-rich foods like noodles, try to choose those made with Einkorn wheat or a wheat alternative, and be sure to eat them with protein and healthy fat, so they don't raise your blood sugar too much.

2013, Winnie Abramson, One Simple Change: Surprisingly Easy Ways to Transform Your Life, Chronicle Books, page 56:

Wheat refers to genus Triticum, of which a great number of species are cultivated. Einkorn wheat is one of them and refers to the genus^([sic – meaning species]) Triticum monococcum. It is one of the earliest cultivated forms of wheat and its husks enclose the grains tightly. The husking process of Einkorn wheat is shown in Figure 2.1.

2014, Anne Bergeret et al., “2: Valorization of Agricultural By-Products in Poly(Lactic Acid) to Develop Biocomposites”, in Vijay Kumar Thakur, editor, Green Composites from Natural Resources, Taylor & Francis (CRC Press), page 14:

A type of wheat, characterised by the presence of a single grain in each spikelet, that was cultivated in the Fertile Crescent and was one of the first grains to be domesticated; any subtype of said wheat, considered as a unit; in particular, the domesticated form.


winegrowing

Nine riders […] dropped out with injuries sustained in two crashes during the 136km trip from suburban Adelaide through the Clare Valley winegrowing region to Victor Harbour on the coast.

2009 January 23, Ron Reed, “Winds cause crash carnage”, in Herald Sun, archived from the original on 2009-01-29:

Synonym of viticulture, the cultivation of grape vines for wine production.


unplaced

The Listed John Dillon Stakes (1400m) at Caulfield on Australia Day is an option for Rok Posta, who has only been unplaced four times in his 20 starts.

2009 January 18, Adrian Dunn, “Girls combine to Posta win at Flemington”, in Herald Sun:

(horse racing) Not among the first three horses to finish a race.


pasilla

From the Spanish pasilla, diminutive of pasa (“raisin”).

Is it worth $9.99 to have someone buy and cook short ribs, shred them, season them with chipotle, arbol and pasilla chilies, mix them with slices of nopales (cactus paddles), fill two soft tortillas with the mixture and slather them with a rich sauce so you can have beef short rib enchiladas with salsa mestiza and cactus for dinner?

2007 April 18, Florence Fabricant, “A Serving of Kalderetang, and a Guy to Explain It”, in New York Times:

A variety of chili (a dried chilaca), used especially in sauces.


mountain bearberry

en-noun

mountain bearberry (plural mountain bearberries)

Arctostaphylos alpina
Arctostaphylos alpina#Translingual

A species of bearberry (Arctous alpina, syn. Arctostaphylos alpina).


over easy

(US) Of an egg prepared as food, fried on one side until most of the whites have cooked, then lightly fried on the other to finish cooking the whites, leaving the yolk unbroken and slightly soft (runny).


arctic raspberry

arctic raspberry (plural arctic raspberries)

A species of slow-growing bramble belonging to the rose family and bearing a dark red, sweet fruit; Rubus arcticus, native to arctic, subarctic, and alpine regions.


Cox's Orange Pippin

Cox's Orange Pippin (plural Cox's Orange Pippins)

First grown in 1830 by English horticulturist Richard Cox.


furmint

furmint (countable and uncountable, plural furmints)

From Hungarian furmint, from Middle French fromenté (“a type of grape”). Doublet of frumenty.


roma

Swap the vegetables for roma tomatoes (seeded), steamed new potatoes, carrots, and chickpeas (rinsed and drained); add a pinch of curry to the vinaigrette.

2008 January–February, Mark Bittman, “The only 7 meals you need for 2008”, in Men's Health, volume 23, number 1, →ISSN, page 138:

Alternative letter-case form of Roma (“a variety of tomato”).


comfrey

en-noun

comfrey (countable and uncountable, plural comfreys)

From Middle English cumfiria, from Latin (herba) cōnfirma in Pseudo-Apuleius, also called cōnsolida, cōnserva, cōnferva, from conferveo (“to boil together”); from the use of the plant in tea to aid in healing bones.

It thrives on compost and natural fertilizers brewed from comfrey or seaweed and uses only rain, natural groundwater or wastewater purified through a system of reed beds.

2007 April 25, Kim Severson, “Farmer, Cookie Maker, Ecologist and, Yes, the Future King”, in New York Times:

Any of several species of perennial herbs of the genus Symphytum, often specifically Symphytum officinale.


grenache

grenache (countable and uncountable, plural grenaches)

From French grenache, from Italian vernaccia, from Vernazza, a town in Italy. Cognate to Catalan garnatxa, Spanish garnacha, Portuguese garnacha.

A five-course pork dinner paired with grenache wines from several countries will be held on Monday […].

2007 September 26, Florence Fabricant, “Calendar”, in New York Times:

A specific, widely-planted variety of red wine grape, or a wine made from such grapes.


eggless

You can vary eggless ice cream with flavors of your choice.

2007 August 1, Mark Bittman, “From Eggless Custard, Summer’s Iced Treat”, in New York Times:


placegetter

2008, Mike Keenan, The Shadows of Horses, 2009 Large 24pt Edition, Read How You Want, page 96,
I was utterly unprepared for the reception I received when I trotted up towards the stall reserved for the second placegetter, in the Saddling Enclosure.

Last year's Caulfield Cup placegetter is rated a $6 chance and will be ridden by champion Irish jockey Michael Kinane.

2009 February 13, Tim Habel, “Time to put best foot forward”, in Herald Sun:

Essentially, punters who played the placecards — usually in a local pub — had to pick a placegetter in each of the four feature races on a Saturday. So, if it was races five, seven and eight, you had to correctly select just one of the three placegetters in each race to win.

2011, Nichola Garvey, Beating the Odds, unnumbered page:

(horse racing, Australia, New Zealand) A horse that finishes among the first three of a race, or in a specified place.


maizena

From Spanish in many contexts. In German contexts, from Maizena.


teakwood

teakwood (countable and uncountable, plural teakwoods)

In addition to stained-glass windows and a graceful chandelier over the grand staircase, the boat was festooned with elegant teakwood handrails that encircle the decks, red mahogany that graces the walls in common areas, and rare Siamese ironwood floors.

2007 October 25, Sean D. Hamill, “A Riverboat Could Be Cruising to the End of the Line”, in New York Times:

An item of craftsmanship made from teak.


malagueta

/ˌmɑləˈɡweɪdə/

/ˌmɑləˈɡeɪdə/

From Portuguese malagueta, probably via Middle French malaguette, from Italian meleghetta, from Italian melega (“sorghum”) and -etta (diminutive suffix).
There are various paths by which the name could have become applied to the African pepper. Medieval Latin melegeta was an Indonesian spice called after millet on the basis of the supposed resemblance of their grains. By the mid-15th century, the West African Grain Coast was known in Portuguese as costa da malagueta, whence the place name was borrowed into other languages and applied to its local products. Early English use reports that it was the local name of the spice, long preserved around Cape Palmas, which may indicate a Mande or Kwa origin, although such use is usually attributed to loanwords from Portuguese.
The unrelated Brazilian pepper acquired the name from its similar piquancy.

In Ginney the fruit that is most rife and common... is named Maniguetta.

1568, André Thevet, translated by Thomas Hacket, The New Found Worlde, or Antarctike, Wherein Is Contained Woderful and Strange Things, 26v:

The people of the Gold Coast, when suffering from headache, rub over the forehead a paste of Malaguetta pepper.

1863, Richard F. Burton, Wanderings in West Africa, Dover Publications 1991 edition, volume II, page 37:

Grains of Paradise, Guinea Grains, Melegueta or Mallaguetta Pepper, from Ampelopsis Grana Paradisi, or Habzeli of Ethiopia... Two kinds of these grains are known in the English markets, one plumper than the other... They resemble Pepper in their effects, but are seldom used except in veterinary practice and to give strength to spirits, wine, beer, and vinegar.

1931, Maud Grieve, A Modern Herbal, volume II, page 628:

grains of paradise
grains of paradise#English

Aframomum melegueta
Aframomum melegueta#Translingual

Synonym of grains of paradise, the seeds or seed capsules of the West African Aframomum melegueta; the plant itself.


bitter orange

bitter orange (countable and uncountable, plural bitter oranges)

Citrus aurantium
Citrus aurantium#Translingual

A citrus tree of the species Citrus ×aurantium, also called Citrus aurantium.


half-timbered

From half- (prefix meaning ‘half, partial; not complete’) + timbered.

prefix

Having ideally supposed that the County Town must be superior to all others in point of beauty and extent, we were disappointed to find it a small place, consisting of about a hundred half-timbered houses forming a miserable street.

1800, J[ohn] Evans, “Letter II”, in A Tour through Part of North Wales, in the Year 1798, and at Other Times; […], London: […] J. White, […], →OCLC, page 26:

The construction here described, is exactly similar to that followed in the old half timbered houses of England.

1820, James Loch, An Account of the Improvements on the Estates of the Marquess of Stafford, in the Counties of Stafford and Salop, and on the Estate of Sutherland. […], London: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […], footnote *, page 87:

Some of the streets are very narrow, with old half timbered houses on each side; Crown-street is a specimen of the early style of its street architecture.

1837, Thomas Moule, “The West Riding”, in The English Counties Delineated; or, A Topographical Description of England. […], volume II, London: George Virtue, […], →OCLC, page 469, column 2:

The Tullivers had lived on this spot for generations, and he had sat listening on a low stool on winter evenings while his father talked of the old half-timbered mill that had been there before the last great floods which damaged it so that his grandfather pulled it down and built the new one.

1860, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], “An Item Added to the Family Register”, in The Mill on the Floss […], volume II, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book III (The Downfall), pages 135–136:

The old houses, however, were left until the great fire of 1666 swept them away: it was these charming half-timbered dwellings which afforded the chief fuel for that huge bonfire.

1901, J[ohn] Alfred Gotch, “Miscellaneous Work— […]”, in Early Renaissance Architecture in England: A Historical & Descriptive Account of the Tudor, Elizabethan, & Jacobean Periods, 1500–1625 […], London: B. T. Batsford, […], →OCLC, page 203:

Modeled upon a style popular in England in the middle of the seventeenth century, the many-gabled, half-timbered house still stands, testimony to the skill of its builder.

1980, Gerald H. Clarfield, “For Loyalist to Whig”, in Timothy Pickering and the American Republic, Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, →ISBN, page 3:

This half-timbered building is the birthplace of William Shakespeare. In this house, he and his brothers and sisters were born and raised.

2005, David Hilliam, “Shakespeare in the Twenty-first Century”, in William Shakespeare: England’s Greatest Playwright and Poet (Rulers, Scholars, and Artists of the Renaissance), New York, N.Y.: Rosen Publishing, →ISBN, page 92:

We pass Much and Little Marcle, and Dymock, all ancient sounding and through the waking up heart of the half-timbered market town of Ledbury, dating to the Doomsday Book.

2014, Colin Rees, Derek Thomas, “4th April: Elgar”, in Birth of a Feather: Seasonal Changes on both Sides of the Atlantic, Kibworth Beauchamp, Leicestershire: Matador, →ISBN, page 97:

(architecture) Of a building: constructed using a load-bearing timber frame with the spaces (panels) between the timbers filled with bricks, stone, or wattle and daub, etc. (the infill), especially if the timber frame is visible on the outside of the building.

bindingsværks-

constructed using a load-bearing timber frame with the spaces between the timbers filled with bricks, etc.


nigger toe

(colloquial, offensive, dated) A brazil nut.


huanghuali

His proudest offering is a matched pair of 17th-century huanghuali tapered cabinets formerly in the Museum of Classical Chinese Furniture in Renaissance, Calif.

2008 March 14, Wendy Moonan, “Rare Works by Eminent Britons”, in New York Times:

Dalbergia odorifera
Dalbergia odorifera#Translingual

The Chinese tree Dalbergia odorifera, or the wood of this tree, which is often used in Chinese woodworking.


mamaliga

From Romanian mămăligă, itself of unknown origin.

A maize porridge originating in Romania.


pennywort

en-noun

pennywort (countable and uncountable, plural pennyworts)

From Middle English penywort; equivalent to penny + wort.

Umbilicus rupestris
Umbilicus rupestris#Translingual

Any of several not closely related plants around the world, generally with round leaves of about the shape and size of a penny.

(in Europe) A succulent, perennial flowering plant (Umbilicus rupestris; penny-pies, wall pennywort, kidney wort, navelwort) in the stonecrop family (Crassulaceae).

Centella asiatica
Centella asiatica#Translingual

(in Asia) The edible Asiatic pennywort (Centella asiatica)

Aquatic or semi-aquatic plants in the genus Hydrocotyle (water pennywort, Indian pennywort, marsh penny, thick-leaved pennywort, and white rot).

such as the edible dollarweed (Hydrocotyle umbellata)


mamey

Borrowed from Spanish mamey, from Taíno.

An evergreen tree of species Mammea americana, or its edible fruit.

Pouteria sapota
Pouteria sapota#Translingual

A tree of species Pouteria sapota, or its fruit.

A flowering plant of species Magnolia guatemalensis


goober

Conscripts by the dozen...
Come pouring in the Castle...
Some from Mississippi state and “Goobers” from Tar river.

1863, anonymous author, “Castle Thunder”, in Louis Napoléon Boudrye, editor, Historic Records of the Fifth New York Cavalry..., Appendix, page 339:

The peanuts or earth-nuts known in North Carolina and the adjoining States as Goober peas, so that during the late Civil War a conscript from the so-called ‘piney woods’ of that State was apt to be nick-named a Goober.

1871, Maximilian Schele de Vere, Americanisms, page 57:

(chiefly Southern US, dated slang) A Georgian or North Carolinian, particularly one from the pine forests of the Sandhills region.


onion grass

onion grass (usually uncountable, plural onion grasses)

Allium vineale
Allium vineale#Translingual

Wild or feral chives, garlic, or other species with grass-like leaves in the genus Allium, particularly Allium vineale, a wild herb native to Europe and western Asia, naturalised elsewhere; a common lawn weed.


tasselseed

A mutation of maize characterized by irregular branching in its inflorescences, tassels, and ears, in addition to feminization of the tassel


goji

Marketing coinage, likely an altered pronunciation of Mandarin 枸杞 (gǒuqǐ). The earliest known usage in print was in a 1996 publication. The first usage in the LexisNexis database is a 2002 newspaper article. Wider usage began in 2003 and 2004.

A fruit in the genus Lycium, especially in commercial products where it is promoted as a superfruit.


Granny Smith

Named after Australian orchardist Maria Ann "Granny" Smith, who developed the variety.

A very tart, green-skinned apple cultivar originating in Australia.


yardlong bean

Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis#Translingual

A vigorous climbing annual vine (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis) grown primarily for its strikingly long (35-75 cm) immature pods with uses very similar to that of a green bean.


caperberry

Capparis spinosa
Capparis spinosa#Translingual

Capparis spinosa, a perennial winter-deciduous plant that bears rounded, fleshy leaves and large white to pinkish-white flowers, often eaten as pickled buds (capers).


maracock

They plant also Maracocks a wild fruit like a lemmon, which also increase infinitely.

1612, John Smith, Map of Virginia, Kupperman, published 1988, page 139:

(historical) The fruit of various American passionflowers, probably Passiflora incarnata and Passiflora lutea.


raspberrying

The thought of July raspberrying brings recollections of heat, bugs, thorns, dead brush, nettles, and great stalks of wild tiger lilies scattered among the brambles.

1933, American Forests, volume 39, page 347:

Sitting down is the secret of good raspberrying. It is also easier on your pants and nerves, by the way. Raspberries call for a sitting posture.

1944, Robert P. Tristram Coffin, Mainstays of Maine, The Macmillan Company, published 1944, page 88:

During July and August, church, Sunday School, and prayer meeting returned, and there were strawberrying, swimming, the Pondlily Walk, blueberrying, raspberrying, blackberrying, […]

1957, Lura Beam, A Maine Hamlet, Yankee Books, page 138:


posho

posho (usually uncountable, plural poshos)

Borrowed from Swahili posho, itself from English portion.

(East Africa) A food product made of cornmeal.


American ginseng

American ginseng (usually uncountable, plural American ginsengs)

Panax quinquefolius
Panax quinquefolius#Translingual

Panax quinquefolius, source of an herb used in traditional Chinese medicine as a tonic.


zingiberene

(biochemistry) A monocyclic sesquiterpene, the predominant constituent of the oil of ginger.


marua

Eleusine coracana
Eleusine coracana#Translingual

A type of small-grained cereal from India, Eleusine coracana, similar to millet.


salal

Borrowed from Chinook Jargon from Chinook.

Down below, a ragged line of wolves ran silently, in single file, following a deer trail through the salal.

2013, Ruth Ozeki, A Tale for the Time Being, Canongate Books (2019), page 186:

A leathery-leaved North American shrub, Gaultheria shallon, with edible sepals and leaves.


mash potato

mash potato (countable and uncountable, plural mash potatoes)

Lexicalization of a reduced pronunciation of mashed potato with regular deletion of d before p, from mashed + potato. Compare ice cream (from iced cream).

I ate a mash potato today.

1995, Conan O’Brien et al., “Foreword —Carl “Oldy” Olson”, in If They Mated?, New York, N.Y.: Hyperion, →ISBN:

Roasted Vegetables topped with a mash potato with a cheese herb crust

2008 November 9, The Wealden Hall, “Evening Brasserie Set Menu”, in Kent on Sunday, number 320, Ashford, Kent: KOS Media Ltd., page 32:

I cooked fisherman’s pie, with white fish and prawns, in a cheese sauce, with a mash potato on top.

2010, John Stewart, Twin Gap Valley, Kennoway, Fife: Spiderwize, →ISBN, page 26:

Pan Fried Lambs Liver and Bacon served on a mash potato with chives, with onion gravy

2010 April 27, The Windwhistle Inn, “Windwhistle Menu”, in Pulman’s View from Seaton & Beer, number 248, Axminster, Devon: Tindle, page 50:

Tha’ll help me make a bit of dinner for tonight with a few mash potatoes.

2011, Kathleen Doyle, “Fish and Chips”, in What Ma Always Said: […], Dublin: Poolbeg Books Ltd, →ISBN, page 145:

Interestingly enough, while Gilly usually tries do the mash potato, this time he went with a waltz.

2009, Jarrod Kimber, The Year of the Balls 2008: A Disrespective, page 39:


mashua

A type of simple fishing vessel found on the coast of East Africa.


tromboncino

tromboncino (plural tromboncinos or tromboncini)

tromboncinos (plural)
tromboncini (plural)

A kind of squash, that grows on a vine, has a shape reminiscent of a trombone, is eaten as a summer squash, and often exceeds two feet in length when mature as a winter squash.


ashwood

ashwood (countable and uncountable, plural ashwoods)

Easily as a sailor handling a blasphemy, the African reached behind him for the Viking ax (whose name, cut in runes along its ashwood haft, translated roughly as “Defiler of Your Mother”), but three little words preserved the cordial relations between the head and neck of the intruder, a wiry old party armed with a short sword, Persian by the look of him, with a knob of scar tissue where his right eye had been and a curious sneer.

2007 February 4, Michael Chabon, “‘Gentlemen of the Road’”, in New York Times:


pearwood

pearwood (usually uncountable, plural pearwoods)


bitternut

The bitternut hickory, Carya cordiformis, a common hickory tree native to the eastern United States and southeast Canada.


tayberry

From Tay + berry, after the River Tay in Scotland.

A cultivated shrub of the genus Rubus fruticosus x idaeus, a cross between the blackberry (R. fruiticosus) and raspberry (R. idaeus).

Taybeere

cross between the blackberry and raspberry


horoeka

Horoekas inch their way skyward like this for as many as 20 years before maturing, flowering profusely, and bearing black berries.

2000 December 12, Fodor's, New Zealand: Where to Stay, Eat, and Explore, Smart Travel Tips from A to Z Plus Maps and Color Photos, Fodor's, →ISBN:

Pseudopanax crassifolius
Pseudopanax crassifolius

(New Zealand) The lancewood tree, Pseudopanax crassifolius.


kouse

A plant or herb with edible roots, in the genus Lomatium, used in traditional Native American foods and medicines.


climbing nightshade

climbing nightshade (plural climbing nightshades)


Malabar nightshade

Malabar nightshade (usually uncountable, plural Malabar nightshades)


rösti

rösti (countable and uncountable, plural röstis)

Borrowed from Alemannic German, from the same root as English roast.

The border between German- and French-speaking Switzerland is known as the “Röstigraben” because only the first traditionally serves rösti at breakfast.

A traditional breakfast dish in Germanophone Switzerland (originally from Bern canton) made from potatoes, fried in a pan with butter or fat and widely varying other ingredients such as bacon, onions, cheese, apples or fresh herbs.

رُوسْتِي

traditional dish in Germanophone Switzerland made from fried potatoes


bluecurls

Any plant in genus Trichostema, with blue flowers.


culantro

From Spanish culantro, whence also the doublet cilantro, which see for more. Both words are doublets of coriander.

A painting of a woman wearing a burgundy shawl over a flamenco-style dress hangs on a wall, and in the garden, tomatoes, peppers, corn and culantro, an herb used in Caribbean cooking, grow in the summer.

2007 January 21, Timothy Williams, “As East Harlem Develops, Its Accent Starts to Change”, in The New York Times:

Eryngium foetidum
Eryngium foetidum#Translingual

The tropical herb Eryngium foetidum, native to Mexico, Central America and South America but cultivated worldwide, used medicinally and in Caribbean cuisine. (See Usage notes below for this sense.)


foxberry

Vaccinium vitis-idaea
Vaccinium vitis-idaea#Translingual

The plant cowberry or lingonberry, Vaccinium vitis-idaea.


twinberry

A North American species of honeysuckle, Lonicera involucrata.


partridgeberry

Mitchella repens
Mitchella repens#Translingual

Any of various plants, including
squaw vine, Mitchella repens


sparkleberry

From sparkle + berry, apparently a rhyme of farkleberry.


wonderberry

Solanum nigrum
Solanum nigrum#Translingual

The sunberry (in all senses: Solanum retroflexum, Solanum nigrum, and their respective berries).


brambleberry

From Middle English *brambelberie, *brembelberie, from Old English brǣmelberġe, equivalent to bramble + berry.


hagberry

From hag + berry.
According to Some Folklore of Trees, Animals, and River-fishing from the N.E. of Scotland, "The wood of the 'hackberry' or bird-cherry (Prunus padus) is not used as a staff or for any other purpose, as it is looked on as the witch's tree."

Prunus padus, a species of cherry native to northern Europe and northern Asia, the bird cherry.


sunberry

A historic heirloom shrub, Solanum retroflexum.

The dark blue-purple fruit of Solanum retroflexum, often combined with sugar in desserts.

European black nightshade
European black nightshade

The European black nightshade, Solanum nigrum.

The dark poisonous berry of Solanum nigrum.


pokeberry

I said that ink made from pokeberries was better than that made from inkballs. I said that inkballs on oak trees were scarce. All the other students laughed. They bought commercial ink at the stores.

considerin in her mind ... iffen the pleasure o gatherin some pokeberries an drawin dark purple picthures on a flat rock wi em would be worth the trouble...

2014, Lewis Carroll, Byron W. Sewell, Victoria J. Sewell, Alice's Adventures in an Appalachian Wonderland, Evertype, →ISBN, page 5:

Phytolacca americana
Phytolacca americana#Translingual

Synonym of pokeweed (the plant Phytolacca americana or its dark red or purple fruit).


sheepberry

Viburnum lentago
Viburnum lentago#Translingual

The plant Viburnum lentago, native to the northeastern and midwestern United States and southern Canada.


cackleberry

From cackle + berry, from the sound of a hen and the rounded shape of an egg.

He had returned with a chipped bowl full of hen's eggs. ‘Nice fresh cackleberries for your mum and dad.’

1985, Peter Carey, Illywhacker, Faber and Faber, published 2003, page 254:

Kestrels they hunted down for their clusters of mottled cackleberries.

2017, Benjamin Myers, The Gallows Pole, Bloomsbury, published 2019, page 218:


redberry

(Canada, Labrador) The lingonberry or cowberry, Vaccinium vitis-idaea.


hindberry

From Middle English *hindberie, from Old English hindberie, hindberġe, hindberiġe, equivalent to hind + berry. Compare Dutch hennebes, hinnebes, German Himbeere, Danish hindbær.

[…] they made considerable progress in the art of embalming the wild fruits of their native land, so that they might command cranberries and hindberries at all times and seasons.

1834, The Hobart Town Magazine, volume 2, page 323:


whimberry

From earlier winberry, apparently a variant of wineberry (Middle English winberie) with regular shortening of the first vowel before a consonant cluster; in wineberry, this was prevented or reversed due to analogy.
The assimilation of /nb/ to /mb/ seen in some forms is to be expected (compare hemp < Old English henep). Other forms show the influence of unrelated words; the consonantism of forms with initial wh- is probably due to the influence of whin, while windberry clearly represents remodelling as wind + berry.

Another variable species: when fed upon whimberry or cowberry it is a most distinct-looking insect, often with the white patches placed in a triangle, one on the disk, one on the hind margin, and the usual one: no band.

1871, C. S. Gregson, “Varieties and Aberrations of Lepidoptera”, in Edward Newman, editor, The Entomologist, volume V, London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co., page 75:

The lovely pink bloom of the whimberry stalk drops on the turf as the inner part knits itself into hard, green, beady fruit, whilst the leafage changes from a soft green to yellowish brown.

1900, Helen Brierley, Morgan Brierley, a Memoir: With a Selection from His Writings, Rochdale: James Clegg, page 260:

She made whimberry tarts and we ate them with thick, yellow cream until we were tight as drums.

2011 December 30, Nina Bawden, In My Own Time: Almost an Autobiography, Little, Brown Book Group, →ISBN, page 38:

Vaccinium myrtillus
Vaccinium myrtillus#Translingual

(dialectal) The bilberry or whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus).


hurtleberry

From Middle English hurtil-beri (“bilberry or blue whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus); berry of this shrub”); further etymology unknown, compare Middle English horten, hurten (“bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)”), and Old English horte (“bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus)”).


mayapple

From May + apple. The fruit is notably neither related to apples (though "apple" itself has an archaic sense of generically referring to fruit), nor ripens during the month of May; only the flower blooms then around then in certain areas.

Podophyllum peltatum
Podophyllum peltatum#Translingual

A fruit-bearing flowering plant with poisonous roots, native to eastern North America, taxonomic name Podophyllum peltatum.


Sémillon

A golden-skinned grape used to make dry and sweet white wines, most notably in France and Australia.


mazzard

In California three rootstock species are in general use. From fairly reliable estimates, about 65 per cent of the cherries grown in the state are grafted on mazzard (Prunus avium); 30 per cent are on mahaleb (P. mahaleb); and 5 per cent on morello (P. cerasus).

1951, Leonard H. Day, Cherry rootstocks in California, Berkeley, Calif.: College of Agriculture, University of California, page 4:

A sweet cherry, Prunus avium, especially when used as rootstock.


guar

From Hindi ग्वार (gvār), from Sanskrit गोपाली (gopālī, “kind of cucumber”), shortened from गोपालकर्कटी (gopālakarkaṭī, “cowherder's cucumber”), from गोपाल (gopāla, “cowherd”) + कर्कटी (karkaṭī, “cucumber”) (see Latin cucumis and cucurbita).

der

An annual legume (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), used as a food for cattle and humans.


quaddie

From quadrella + -ie (“diminutive suffix”).

2003 March 22, Craig Sherborne, Footy′s Man of Passion, The Herald Sun, republished in 2003, Garrie Hutchinson (editor), The Best Australian Sports Writing 2003, page 82,
He was a footballer, hard-boned, smart-mouthed, with an eye on the quaddie at Flemington.

I had the quaddie in Melbourne if Alinghi won.

2004 November 21, Josh Button, “Cup tips”, in aus.sport.rugby-league (Usenet):

2006, Mike Dillon, From The Horses Mouth: The Keith Haub Story, 2010, HarperCollins Publishers (New Zealand), unnumbered page,
With only the last race to run the trio each had a $1 quaddie unit if Brent Thomson managed to get over the line in front.

For the Fourth week in a row I have had 3 live legs of the Quaddie only to be dudded by West Coast the last two!

2007 July 16, gF, “Screw Fremantle”, in aus.sport.aussie-rules (Usenet):

(Australia, gambling, horse racing, colloquial) A quadrella, a type of bet requiring the bettor to pick the winners of four nominated races at the same track; a bet requiring the selection of four winners of specified matches in a given round of a sporting competition.


kinoo

Alteration of kinnow, a blend of the cultivar names of its parents, 'King' and 'Willow (Leaf)'.

Citrus reticulata
Citrus reticulata#Translingual

A hybrid mandarin citrus fruit from two citrus cultivars, 'King' Citrus nobilis and 'Willow Leaf' of Citrus reticulata (syn. Citrus deliciosa), grown extensively in the Punjab region.


lancewood

en-noun

lancewood (countable and uncountable, plural lancewoods)

A tough, elastic and heavy wood obtained from the West Indies and Guiana, formerly much used for carriage shafts (Oxandra lanceolata).


cushaw

Speculation that the term derives from a Native American language is unsubstantiated.

Any of certain cultivars of Cucurbita argyrosperma (Cucurbita mixta), one of the species of winter squash.

南瓜

Cucurbita argyrosperma, the winter squash


grains of paradise

grains of paradise pl (normally plural, singular grain of paradise)

From medieval spice traders claiming that the spice grew only in Eden, in order to inflate prices. Cf. French graines de paradis.

...graynes of paradise, hoote & moyst þey be...

c. 1460, John Russell, The Boke of Nurture, page 126:

When I found it [Two-Penny Drink] left a hot Tang behind it, it gave me just Reason to believe they had used Grains of Paradise, or long Pepper, both which will save Malt.

1743, William Ellis, supplement to The London & Country Brewer, 2nd ed., p. 288

Guinea Grains and Grains of Paradise are considered, by the Trade, as one and the same article.

1812, James Smyth, The Practice of the Customs in the Entry, Examination, and Delivery of Goods and Merchandize, ii, p. 84:

"Gærtner has figured the fruit and seeds of a scitamineous plant under the name of Zingiber Melægueta, and which he considered to be identical with the Grains of Paradise."

1844, Jonathan Pereira, “On Grains of Paradise”, in The American Journal of Pharmacy, page 97:

...beer poisoned wi' grains o' paradise, and cocculus indicus.

1850, Charles Kingsley, chapter VIII, in Alton Locke, volume I, page 127:

"In fact this spice was making a second appearance in Europe: it was Guinea pepper, mentioned by Pliny as 'African pepper', and also known as Malaguetta pepper or grains of Paradise. Grains of Paradise had been very popular in the thirteenth century and again in the sixteenth; its popularity may have been due to the brilliant name thought up for it by some advertising genius born before his time."

1994, Anthea Bell, A History of Food, Wiley-Blackwell, translation of original by Maguelonne Toussaint-Samat, →ISBN, page 495:

"Also called Melegueta or Malagueta pepper, guinea grain, or guinea pepper, grains of paradise were prized as a spice and as a substitute for black pepper in Europe during the Middle Ages."

2006, Susheela Raghavan, Handbook of Spices, Seasonings, and Flavorings, 2nd edition, CRC Press, →ISBN, page 119:

Aframomum melegueta
Aframomum melegueta#Translingual

The seeds or seed capsules of Aframomum melegueta, used as a medicine and spice, especially as a substitute for black pepper and in flavoring alcoholic beverages.


mirasol

Borrowed from Spanish mirasol (“sunflower”)

bor+

A variety of chili; when dried, the chilis are called guajillos.


nixtamal

en-noun

nixtamal (usually uncountable, plural nixtamals)

From Mexican Spanish nixtamal, from Classical Nahuatl nextamalli (“hominy”), from nextli (“ashes, lime”) + tamalli (“something wrapped”).

Hominy; maize kernels which have undergone nixtamalization, that is, hulling and soaking and cooking in an alkaline solution.


ube

Ube is a popular ingredient in cakes and ice-cream in the Philippines and Jamaica.

Dioscorea alata
Dioscorea alata#Translingual


egglike

en-adj

egglike (comparative more egglike, superlative most egglike)

more egglike (comparative)
most egglike (superlative)

Resembling or characteristic of an egg; ovate.


baby corn

en-noun

baby corn (countable and uncountable, plural baby corns)

Young ears of maize/corn, especially those immature enough to be eaten whole as a vegetable.


sagamité

sagamité (countable and uncountable, plural sagamités)

/səˌɡɑ.məˈteɪ/

Borrowed from Canadian French sagamité, from an Algonquian language; compare Cree ᑭᓵᑲᒥᑌᐚᐳᕀ (kisaakamitewaapoy, “hot water”).

cog

Hulled Indian corn, or a stew made of this.


sagapenum

en-noun

sagapenum (countable and uncountable, plural sagapenums)

A yellow to brown bitter gum that derives from plants of the genus Ferula.


beechwood

beechwood (countable and uncountable, plural beechwoods)

A wood largely populated with beech trees.

fãdzet

a wood largely populated with beech trees


jaboticaba

/d͡ʒæbɒtɪˈkɑːbə/

From Portuguese jaboticaba (also spelt jabuticaba), from Old Tupi îabutikaba (“jaboticaba fruit”). Literally, “jabuti fat”.

der

The evergreen Brazilian grape tree, Myrciaria cauliflora, a fruit-bearing tree native to Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay.


salak

Any salak palm (Salacca zalacca), native to Indonesia; also called.


mongongo

A large, spreading tree (Schinziophyton rautanenii) of the family Euphorbiaceae, found on wooded hills and among sand dunes, with distinctive hand-shaped leaves, whose pale yellow wood resembles balsa.


nonivamide

(organic chemistry) A capsaicinoid, an amide of pelargonic acid and vanillylamine, present in chili peppers and used as a food additive and a lachrymatory agent.


homocapsaicin

A capsaicinoid and analogue and congener of capsaicin in chilli peppers.


spaghetti squash

en-noun

spaghetti squash (plural spaghetti squashes or spaghetti squash)

spaghetti squashes (plural)
spaghetti squash (plural)

Cucurbita pepo
Cucurbita pepo#Translingual

An oblong seed-bearing variety of winter squash, in the species Cucurbita pepo.


busaa

An African alcoholic drink made from sorghum, maize, or millet-flour


Poona Kheera

From Poona (Pune) in India, and Hindi खीरा (khīrā, “cucumber”).

A type of cucumber with yellow-brown skin, originally from India.


corncake

To serve, place a corncake on each plate and top with 3 slices of bacon.

2009 August 30, “Iroquois White-Corn Cakes With Maple Syrup and Bacon”, in New York Times:


green gram

green gram (usually uncountable, plural green grams)

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata#Translingual

A bean from the seed of Vigna radiata, which is native to Bangladesh and India.


nixtamalization

Nixtamalization, a traditional Mexican process for making tortillas, consists of cooking maize grain in excess water and lime (calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)₂), at temperatures near boiling, followed by steeping.

2014, John F. Leslie, Antonio Logrieco, editors, Mycotoxin Reduction in Grain Chains, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 124:

A process for the preparation of maize (corn) in which the grain is soaked and cooked in an alkaline solution, usually limewater, and hulled.


tempranillo

From Spanish tempranillo, the diminutive of temprano (“early”), since the grape ripens earlier than other varieties.

Drive down the straight, red dirt road through flat acres of tempranillo vines to the low-lying building of cedar strips with its undulating aluminum roof and one tall wave erupting in the middle.

2009 April 9, Joan Scobey, “Rioja grande”, in Toronto Star:

A variety of black grape used to make red wines, native to Spain.


leblebi

leblebi (countable and uncountable, plural leblebis)

From Ottoman Turkish لبلبی (leblebi, “roasted chickpea; jumbled or mashed chickpea”) and Modern Turkish leblebi from Arabic لَبْلَابِيّ (lablābiyy, “chickpea stew”), and directly from Arabic لَبْلَابِيّ (lablābiyy) for Arabic dishes but then more properly spelled lablabi.

der

A kind of snack made from roasted chickpeas


grape juice

en-noun

grape juice (usually uncountable, plural grape juices)

The unfermented juice of squeezed grapes, used as a beverage.


pick six

(horse racing) A wager in which the bettor must correctly predict the winners of six consecutive races.


snakeberry

Solanum dulcamara
Solanum dulcamara#Translingual

A bitter nightshade (Solanum dulcamara), or its fruit.


deerberry

Vaccinium stamineum (squaw huckleberry), or its fruit.


root vegetable

A vegetable whose the edible part is the root, such as the carrot, potato, or onion.


mibuna

A leaf vegetable used in Japanese cooking, Brassica rapa nipposinica or Brassica rapa japonica


komatsuna

Borrowed from Japanese 小松菜 (komatsu-na, literally “Komatsu vegetable”).

bor

Brassica rapa
Brassica rapa#Translingual

A leaf vegetable, a form of Brassica rapa, used in Japanese cooking


atole

en-noun

atole (usually uncountable, plural atoles)

From Spanish atole, from Classical Nahuatl ātōlli.

"Pan fino, pan bianco!" screams the baker; and other cries from the vendors of atole, huevos, and leche, are uttered in shrill, discordant voices.

Since the days of the Tarascans, the corn-loving folks of Michoacan have enjoyed atole, a maize-based gruel flavored with chocolate, fruit, tamarind, or herbs.

2006 January 13, David Hammond, “Beyond the Burrito, Part 2: Michoacan”, in Chicago Reader:

Visitors can learn to make their own tortillas or sample the traditional cornmeal drink atole.

2007 April 13, S. Kirk Walsh, “Festivals With a Mexican Flair”, in New York Times:

A sweetened thick drink or thin gruel made from cornmeal, served hot.


bhindi

bhindi (countable and uncountable, plural bhindis)

Borrowed from Hindi भिंडी (bhiṇḍī, “okra”), a feminine form of Sanskrit भिण्डा (bhiṇḍā).

(India) Synonym of okra: the plant or its edible capsules.


kettle corn

A sweet and salty variety of popcorn with the addition of granulated sugar, salt, and oil.


zingerone

zingerone (usually uncountable, plural zingerones)

(organic chemistry) A crystalline solid organic compound that gives ginger its pungent taste.


common lavender

common lavender (usually uncountable, plural common lavenders)

Lavandula angustifolia
Lavandula angustifolia#Translingual

A lavender plant of the species Lavandula angustifolia.


bible leaf

Tanacetum balsamita
Tanacetum balsamita#Translingual

Tanacetum balsamita, a Eurasian perennial herb that has flowers that are yellow and buttonlike.


pearl millet

pearl millet (usually uncountable, plural pearl millets)

Cenchrus americanus
Cenchrus americanus#Translingual

Pennisetum glaucum
Pennisetum glaucum#Translingual

A widely grown millet (Cenchrus americanus, syn. Pennisetum glaucum).


proso millet

proso millet (usually uncountable, plural proso millets)

From any Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *proso.

Panicum miliaceum
Panicum miliaceum#Translingual

Panicum miliaceum, a grass species used as a crop.


foxtail millet

foxtail millet (countable and uncountable, plural foxtail millets)

Setaria italica
Setaria italica#Translingual

The second-most widely planted species of millet, Setaria italica, which is the most important species of millet in East Asia.

browntop millet

Urolchloa ramosa, syn. Brachiaria ramosa


bird cherry

Prunus sect. Laurocerasus
Prunus sect. Laurocerasus

Prunus subg. Cerasus
Prunus subg. Cerasus

Any of several species of cherry trees sometimes grouped in the subgenus Prunus subg. Padus or section Prunus sect. Laurocerasus of Prunus subg. Cerasus.

Prunus pensylvanica of North America (vernacular names: fire cherry, pin cherry, and red cherry).


vaccinium

Borrowed from translingual Vaccinium, itself borrowed from Latin vaccīnium.

(botany) Any of the genus Vaccinium of ericaceous shrubs including the various kinds of blueberries and the true cranberries.


air potato

Dioscorea bulbifera
Dioscorea bulbifera#Translingual

A yam species (Dioscorea bulbifera), native to Africa, southern Asia, and northern Australia, cultivated and naturalized widely.


cherry tomato

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum#Translingual

A type of small tomato, the cultivar Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme.


pigweed

pigweed (countable and uncountable, plural pigweeds)

Chenopodium album
Chenopodium album#Translingual

Any of various weedy plants sometimes used as pig fodder


sour cherry

Prunus subg. Cerasus
Prunus subg. Cerasus#Translingual

Prunus cerasus
Prunus cerasus#Translingual

Species of Prunus subg. Cerasus, (cherries), native to much of Europe and southwest Asia, especially, Prunus cerasus, Prunus pseudocerasus, and Prunus cerasoides.


Uta

A round winter pear cultivar with golden-brown skin.


gillyflower

By folk etymology (with influence from flower) from French girofle, gilofre, from Late Latin caryophyllum, from Ancient Greek καρυόφυλλον (karuóphullon, “dried flower buds of the clove tree”).

der

(by extension) Any clove-scented flower.


chaste tree

Traditionally believed to be an anaphrodisiac.

Vitex agnus-castus
Vitex agnus-castus#Translingual

A shrub native to the Mediterranean region (Vitex agnus-castus).


bitter melon

/ˈbɪtəɹ ˈmɛlən/

Momordica charantia
Momordica charantia#Translingual

A vine, Momordica charantia, which produces a bitter, though when properly prepared edible, fruit.

(Australia) A similar fruit-bearing vine, Citrullus lanatus (Citroides Group).


humita

Borrowed from Spanish humita, from Quechua humint'a.

The Ecuadorean offerings are the best, particularly the humitas, steamed cornhusk tamales stuffed with a moist and fresh filling of sweet corn.

2008 February 3, “Where the Twain Meet”, in New York Times:

A traditional food of South America, consisting of masa harina dough and corn slowly cooked in oil.


suber

In many trees the suber is very slightly developed. But this is not the case with the Cork-oak (Quercus suber).

1869, Louis Figuier, The Vegetable World, page 39:

(dated, technical) Cork, or the corresponding layer of woody tissue below the epidermis of a plant.


golden rice

A variety of Oryza sativa rice produced through genetic engineering to biosynthesize beta-carotene, a precursor of provitamin A, and intended as a humanitarian tool to combat vitamin A deficiency.


borrel

en-adj

borrel (comparative more borrel, superlative most borrel)

more borrel (comparative)
most borrel (superlative)

Probably from burel (“coarse woolen cloth”).

Siker thou speak'st like a lewd sorrel,
Of heaven, to deemen so:
Howbe I am but rude and borrel,
Yet nearer ways I know.

1579, Immeritô [pseudonym; Edmund Spenser], The Shepheardes Calender: […], London: […] Iohn Wolfe for Iohn Harrison the yonger, […], →OCLC:

(obsolete) Ignorant, unlearned; belonging to the laity, a mean fellow.


groundcherry

long-leaved groundcherry (Physalis longifolia

Any of various plants in the genus Physalis and their fruits


togarashi

Borrowed from Japanese 唐辛子 (tōgarashi), Japanese for the genus Capsicum, or specifically the species Capsicum annuum, and commonly translated as “chili pepper”.

chili peppers or chili pepper-related products from Japan, specifically the spice mixture consisting of mandarin orange peel, sesame seed, poppy seed, hemp seed, nori or aonori, and ground sansho


wapato

(US, Canada) Broadleaf arrowhead (Sagittaria latifolia), or its edible bulbous root.


Marocain

/ˌmæɹəˈkeɪn/

/ˌmɑɹəˈkeɪn/

Borrowed from French Marocain (“Moroccan”), from Maroc (“Morocco”) (from Medieval Latin Marrochium (“the city of Marrakech, the former capital of Morocco”), ultimately from Berber Murt n Akush (“Land of God”)) + -ain (suffix forming demonyms).

der

(viticulture) A name used for two unrelated varieties of French wine grape, carignan and cinsault.


spinage

en-noun

spinage (countable and uncountable, plural spinages)

Take a quart of good boiling pease which put into a pot with a gallon of soft water whilst cold; add thereto a little beef or mutton, a little hung beef or bacon, and two or three large onions; boil all together while your soop is thick; salt it to your taste, and thicken it with a little wheat-flour; strain it thro' a cullender, boil a little sellery, cut it in small pieces, with a little crisp bread, and crisp a little spinage, as you would do parsley, then put it in a dish, and serve it up.

1764, Elizabeth Moxon, English Housewifery Exemplified:


sellery

We had most of us fasted eight-and-forty hours, some more; it was time therefore to make enquiry among ourselves what store of sustenance had been brought from the wreck by dire providence of some, and what could be procured on the island by the industry of others; but the produce of the one amounted to no more than two or three pounds of biscuit-dust preserved in a bag; and all the success of those who ventured abroad, the weather being still exceedingly bad, was to kill one sea-gull and pick some wild sellery.

1816, Robert Kerr, A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels, Volume 17:


fuji

fuji (countable and uncountable, plural fujis)

Short for Fujisaki, Aomori, Japan, where originally cultivated.

(countable) A large cultivar of eating apple.


colocasia

He says: "The manner of operating is to plant a colocasia root in a place constantly exposed to the sun, where one can water it abundantly and continuously and protect it from wind."

1913, Paul Popenoe, Date Growing in the Old World and the New, page 303:

Dioscorides (2.128) gives a good description of the sacred lotus, which he calls the Egyptian bean (Αἰγύπτιος κύαμος). He calls its root colocasia (κολοκασἰα). Columella (RR 8.15.4), speaking of the colocasia, which he, too, calls the Egyptian bean, says that "the middle part of the pond should be made of earth, so that it may be sown with the colocasia and other green stuff which lives in or near water and provides shade for the haunts of the waterfowl.

2002, Wilhelmina Feemster Jashemski, The Natural History of Pompeii:

AFM surface height map and 2D profile showing the dynamic shrinking of a colocasia leaf.

2006, Bharat Bhushan, editor, Applied Scanning Probe Methods III: Characterization:


ashweed

Aegopodium podagraria
Aegopodium podagraria#Translingual


candlenut

In both respects, as I have already pointed out, they differed from the Polynesians who brought with them to their island homes not only their language but their agriculture, from the cradle of their race in the Malay Archipelago; cuttings of seedless breadfruit and of sugarcane, fleshy roots of taro and yams; even trees, like the Indian almond and the candlenut.

1923, Various, Northern Nut Growers Association Report of the Proceedings at the Fourteenth Annual Meeting:

A flowering tree (Aleurites moluccana and Aleurites rockinghamensis) of the family Euphorbiaceae, also known as candleberry, Indian walnut, kemiri, varnish tree or kukui nut tree.


oologist

a person who studies or specializes in oology


water dropwort

Any of genus Oxypolis of plants in the family Apiaceae


bear garlic

Allium ursinum
Allium ursinum#Translingual

A wild plant related to chives; ramsons, Allium ursinum.


wild garlic

wild garlic (countable and uncountable, plural wild garlics)

Compare French ail sauvage, Portuguese alho selvagem.


menthaceous

en-adj

menthaceous (comparative more menthaceous, superlative most menthaceous)

more menthaceous (comparative)
most menthaceous (superlative)

(botany) mint-like (of genus Mentha, tribe Mentheae, or the obsolete family Menthaceae).


omelette Arnold Bennett

en-noun

omelette Arnold Bennett (plural omelettes Arnold Bennett)

After Enoch Arnold Bennett (1867–1931), English novelist.

An omelette containing smoked haddock and parmesan cheese.


quadrella

2003 March 22, Craig Sherborne, Footy′s Man of Passion, The Herald Sun, republished in 2003, Garrie Hutchinson (editor), The Best Australian Sports Writing 2003, page 79,
Demetriou is an inveterate punter with a miraculous instinct for picking big quadrellas.

2009, H. G. Nelson (Greig Pickhaver), Sprays: A Collection of Verbal Touch-Ups, unnumbered page,
Imagine jagging a couple of nice trifectas or the quadrella and squaring the Christmas credit-card bill, with a little extra left for a three-week holiday at Victor Harbor. Magic!

2010, Stephen Barkoczy. Australian Tax Casebook, 10th Edition, CCH Australia, page 416,
Instead, the taxpayer relied on his own intuition, placed bets mainly on the totalisator or with on-course bookmakers and was more inclined to place “higher risk” bets such as trifectas and quadrellas.

(gambling, horse racing, Australia, New Zealand) A bet where the bettor must pick the winners of four nominated races at the same track.


ambrette

ambrette (countable and uncountable, plural ambrettes)

Abelmoschus moschatus
Abelmoschus moschatus#Translingual

The musk mallow plant (Abelmoschus moschatus).


mung bean

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata#Translingual

The seed of Vigna radiata, native to South Asia.


tobacky

'Now,' sais I, ' that invention, beautiful and simple as it is, cost me great thought and much tobacky,' said I, lookin' innocent again...

1856, Thomas Chandler Haliburton, Wise-saws: or, Sam Slick in search of a wife:

He spits tobacky at my feet and walks away with his girl so happy together.

2019 December, Justin Blackburn, The Bisexual Christian Suburban Failure Enlightening Bipolar Blues, page 54:


gingerol

gingerol (usually uncountable, plural gingerols)

/ˈd͡ʒɪnd͡ʒəɹɒl/

(organic chemistry) Any of several isomeric compounds responsible for the heat of ginger


pearmain

From Anglo-Norman parmain, peremain et al., Middle French parmain, permain (“type of pear or apple”), of uncertain origin.

Sweet fruits are best, as sweet cherries, plums, sweet apples, pearmains, and pippins, which Laurentius extols as having a peculiar property against this disease […].

1826 June 30, Thomas Greene Fessenden (editor), The New England Farmer, Volume 4 [July 1825—July 1826], page 385,
If it were not so, why, for instance, has not the pearmain — a better apple than the Baldwin or any other Massachusetts winter apple now known to me — been propagated as extensively, and brought in plenty to our markets?

Apples: Drap d'or, Barcelona pearmain;[…].

1833, John Claudius Loudon, editor, Art. VII: London Horticutural Society and Garden: Gardener's Magazine and Register of Rural and Domestic Improvement, volume IX, page 727:

Any of various types of apple, having an elongated shape and often with streaky skin.


Triple Crown

(horse racing, US) The three greatest thoroughbred races of the year restricted to three-year-olds: the Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes, and Belmont Stakes

(horse racing, UK) The three greatest thoroughbred races of the year restricted to three-year-olds: the 2,000 Guineas Stakes, Derby Stakes (aka "Epsom Derby"), and St. Leger Stakes

(horse racing, Canada) The three greatest thoroughbred races of the year restricted to three-year-olds: the Queen's Plate, Prince of Wales Stakes, and Breeders' Stakes


mombin

mombin (countable and uncountable, plural mombins)

Any of several tropical American trees, of the genus Spondias.


zuke

But please use tender young squash. The zuke someone overlooked in the garden until it was the size of a rolling pin will be too bitter for this casserole.

2005, Beth Hensperger, Julie Kaufmann, Not Your Mother's Slow Cooker Cookbook:

By the time she was nine, Nina was traveling to distant markets on her own to sell her family's fresh tomatoes, beans, squash, zukes, cukes, peppers[…]

2009, Dev Patnaik, Peter Mortensen, Wired to care: how companies prosper when they create widespread empathy:


tigerwood

A South American tree also known as goncalo alves, producing a hardwood, with contrasting stripes, Astronium graveolens, Astronium fraxinifolium and possibly other related species.


Red Delicious

I once knew a girl who wouldn’t eat apples. She wove her walking around groves and orchards. She didn’t even like to look at them. They’re all mealy, she said. Or else too cheeky, too bloomed. No, she stated again, in case we had not heard her, our laps brimming with Granny Smiths and Red Deliciouses.

2013, Aimee Bender, “Appleless”, in The Color Master: Stories, London: Hutchinson, →ISBN, page 3:

The first thing Billy did every morning at work was to swing by the main school’s cafeteria in the basement two floors below and pick up breakfast for the Academic Vision Institute: a plastic crate of thirty assorted milks (chocolate, obviously, being the only one anybody ever drank), twenty foil-topped orange juices (“contains less than 6% juice/product of Brazil, Honduras, El Salvador, and the United States”), around ten individually-sealed plastic cereal bowls (plus ten spork-napkin-straw kits), various fruits (almost always mealy, thick-skinned Red Deliciouses and rock-hard pears), and motley breakfast pastries.

2014, Wintfred Huskey, chapter 4, in Blowin’ It, Philadelphia, Pa.: The Head & The Hand Press, →ISBN, page 71:

These were native to the soil, and it’s unclear if they were used by Native Americans. In any case, contemporary palates—raised on flawless, tart Granny Smiths or Red Deliciouses—would have deemed them inedible, either impossibly sour or garbage-y bland.

2016, Steven Grasse, “Cider”, in Colonial Spirits: A Toast to Our Drunken History, New York, N.Y.: Abrams Image, →ISBN:

A variety of apple which is red in color and has a mild sweet flavor.


crackleberry

All the crackleberries had spilled out on the floor.

(US, dialectal) The high-bush huckleberry, Gaylussacia baccata, native to eastern North America, or the fruit of this shrub


Carmelite

A member of the Order of the Brothers of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, a Catholic religious order focusing on contemplative prayer and the Virgin Mary.

karmeldar

member of a certain Catholic religious order


bugleweed

Any of a genus of herbs used for ground cover, bugle (Ajuga).


winter melon

Benincasa hispida
Benincasa hispida#Translingual

Benincasa hispida, a species of the gourd family (Cucurbitaceae) commonly cultivated in Asia.


clary sage

Salvia sclarea, a biennial or short-lived herbaceous perennial.


zean

Former trade name. See Zea (“genus of grasses”).

(medicine, archaic) A highly concentrated fluid extract of cornsilk used as a diuretic and urinary antiseptic.


quadfecta

He won the Superfecta and the Quadfecta all in the same day at Hollywood Park Casino in Los Angeles.

2010, George V. Bush, Magazine Man “A Slave To The Sale”, unnumbered page:

(gambling, horse racing) A bet in which the bettor must select the winners of the first four places (i.e., first, second, third, and fourth) of a race in the correct order.


nutsedge

(US) Any of certain species of invasive perennial sedge, of the genus Cyperus, that have edible, nutlike tubers.


motherwort

From Middle English moderwort; equivalent to mother + wort.

Besides, it makes women joyful and mothers of children and settles their wombs as they should be; therefore we call it Motherwort.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio Society, published 2007, page 195:

—Miss Luna, muffling up her head,
Went with the ague, straight to bed,
Put out her lamp, and bade them tell
She could not hear her mistress' bell,
Begg'd them with motherwort to dose her,
And drew her cloudy night-cap closer.—

1827, Lydia Sigourney, Poems, The Comet of 1825, page 151:

Any of several perennial plants of the genus Leonurus, especially Leonurus cardiaca, used in traditional medicine to help with childbirth or treat uterine disorders.

Artemisia vulgaris
Artemisia vulgaris#Translingual


speargrass

speargrass (countable and uncountable, plural speargrasses)

Any of several not closely related grasses in some way reminiscent of a spear.

Species of Aristida (three-awn wiregrass)

Imperata cylindrica
Imperata cylindrica#Translingual

Species of Stipa (feathergrass), typically Stipa calamagrostis


muscadine

Uncertain, but probably from muscadel, muscatel, + -ine.

All black wines, over-hot, compound, strong, thick drinks, as muscadine, malmsey, alicant, rumney, brown bastard, metheglin, and the like […]


southernwood

southernwood (countable and uncountable, plural southernwoods)

From Old English sūþernewudu, equivalent to southern + wood.

Artemisia abrotanum
Artemisia abrotanum#Translingual

An aromatic shrub, Artemisia abrotanum, related to wormwood.


love apple

Calque of Italian pomo d'oro (“tomato”, literally “golden apple”), confusing d’oro (“golden”) with d’amore (“love”), or from French pomme d’amour, equivalent to love + apple.


whitethorn

Crataegus monogyna
Crataegus monogyna#Translingual

Crataegus monogyna, a hawthorn species native to Europe, northwest Africa and western Asia.


guaiacum

en-noun

guaiacum (usually uncountable, plural guaiacums)

Any of a number of species of tree of the genus Guaiacum, native to the West Indies and parts of the Americas.


veitchberry

From Veitch + berry, from the surname of the men who raised it.

A form of loganberry: specifically, a cross between R. fruticosus and R. idaeus.


origanum

/ɒɹɪˈɡɒːnəm/

From the genus name. Doublet of oregano.

Any herbaceous plant of the genus Origanum


pattypan squash

pattypan squash (plural pattypan squash)

Cucurbita pepo
Cucurbita pepo#Translingual

A summer squash of the species Cucurbita pepo, notable for its small size, round and shallow shape, and scalloped edges, which cause it to somewhat resemble a small toy top or a flying saucer.


carignan

A grape variety, originally from the Cariñena district of Spain but widely grown in France


verdejo

verdejo (countable and uncountable, plural verdejos)

The white wine, and a wine similar to sherry, made from this type of grape.


cinsault

cinsault (countable and uncountable, plural cinsaults)

Our No. 4 wine, the ’08 Château de Peyrassol from the Côtes de Provence, was a more typical southern French rosé, made of grenache, cinsault and syrah.

2009 June 10, Eric Asimov, New York Times:

A grape variety from the Languedoc-Roussillon region of France


pilewort

pilewort (usually uncountable, plural pileworts)

Ficaria verna
Ficaria verna#Translingual

Any of various not closely related plants traditionally supposed to be effective in treating piles (hemorrhoids), especially

Ficaria verna (formerly Ranunculus ficaria), lesser celandine, a plant in the buttercup family.


crosne

Also called Chinese artichokes or chorogis, crosnes look like beetle larvae and taste like water chestnuts, but, in fact, they are tubers, in the mint family.

2004, Nick Paumgarten, “Little Giant”, in The New Yorker, volume 80, number 35, page 23:

Kumquat and crosnes round out the dish, fulfilling the apparent fancy restaurant obligation to marshal off-the-beaten-path ingredients.

2007 April 25, “Dining Briefs”, in New York Times:

A vegetable, Stachys affinis, the Chinese artichoke.


Zante currant

Vitis vinifera
Vitis vinifera#Translingual

A small, sweet, seedless black grape with an intense flavour when dried, from a cultivar of Vitis vinifera the grape vine.


amboyna

amboyna (countable and uncountable, plural amboynas)

Pterocarpus indicus
Pterocarpus indicus#Translingual

A south-east Asian tree, Pterocarpus indicus.


labrusca

From the species epithet in Vitis labrusca, from Latin labrusca.

Vitis labrusca
Vitis labrusca#Translingual


lemonwood

The flowering plant Calycophyllum candidissimum.


stinging nettle

stinging nettle (countable and uncountable, plural stinging nettles)

Urtica dioica
Urtica dioica#Translingual

A nettle; any of the species of genus Urtica that cause painful short-term skin irritation, especially Urtica dioica, originally Eurasian, now naturalized elsewhere.


pellitory

pellitory (countable and uncountable, plural pellitories)

Probably an alteration of pelleter, with change of ending after Etymology 1, above.

Common Pellitory is a very common plant, and will not be kept in our gardens without diligent looking to.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio Society, published 2007, page 213:

Anacyclus pyrethrum
Anacyclus pyrethrum#Translingual

Pellitory of Spain (Anacyclus pyrethrum), a plant containing an oil once used for toothaches and facial neuralgia.


marshwort

A small, white-flowered plant, of the genus Apium, that grows in marshy habitats.


pinotage

pinotage (countable and uncountable, plural pinotages)


santonin

santonin (countable and uncountable, plural santonins)

(chemistry) An anthelmintic found in santonica and related plants.


dihydrocapsaicin

A capsaicinoid and analog and congener of capsaicin in chili peppers.


red huckleberry

red huckleberry (plural red huckleberries)

A deciduous shrub native to west coast of North America growing to 8-foot tall (Vaccinium parvifolium).


spoonbread

spoonbread (countable and uncountable, plural spoonbreads)

Black folk ain't goin' to be free, they ain't goin' to have no spoonbread and sweet cider less'n they studies to love they own selves.

1967, William Styron, The Confessions of Nat Turner, Vintage, published 2004, page 303:

(Southern US) Bread made from corn and eggs, of a soft consistency such that it is served with a spoon.

начинка

maize-based dish served in lieu of bread


bishopsweed

Alternative form of bishop's weed (“Ammi majus, a plant with white lace-like flowers”)


elecampane

elecampane (countable and uncountable, plural elecampanes)

From Middle English elena campana, from a confusion of Latin enula campana and helenium.

Inula helenium
Inula helenium#Translingual

A tall Eurasian herb, Inula helenium, whose roots have been used medicinally.


pittosporum

A genericization of translingual Pittosporum, from New Latin pittosporum, from Ancient Greek πίττα (pítta, “pitch”) + σπόρος (spóros, “seed, spore”), from the sticky resin surrounding its seeds.

Crimson and orange chats whistled from the heath of spinifex, pittosporums, mulga and eremophila scrubs growing along the sides of the lake.

2013, Alexis Wright, The Swan Book, Constable (2016), page 190:

Any plant of the genus Pittosporum, various Old World shrubs and trees.


canaster

From Dutch kanaster, from Spanish canastro (“basket”). Doublet of canister and knaster.

The frontispiece to the first of these books, engraved on steel with much delicacy by Davenport, is so carefully drawn, and displays such refinement of humour, that it might be ascribed to Wilkie or Smirke; and in Knickerbocker, George could hardly then have become a misocapnist when he limned with such intense gusto the "Pipe-Plot," with its group of smoke-compelling burghers, or the "Death of Walter the Doubter," where his lymphatic Excellency, lungs and pipe exhausted together, exhales his peaceful soul in the last whiff of canaster!

1972, William Bates, George Cruikshank: the artist, the humorist, and the man, with some account of his brother Robert, →ISBN:


honewort

From hone + wort, from hone (“a swelling”).

Either of two plants of the family Umbelliferae.

A perennial plant, Cryptotaenia canadensis, sometimes cultivated as a vegetable.

A small European plant, Trinia glauca, once thought to be a remedy for swellings.


yellow onion

A dry onion with a strong flavor and papery yellowish skin.

بصل صفر

onion with strong flavour and yellowish skin


zedoary

zedoary (countable and uncountable, plural zedoaries)

/ˈzɛdəʊˌɛɹi/

From Medieval Latin zedoārium, from Arabic جَدْوَار (jadwār), from Classical Persian ژدوار (žadwār).

Curcuma zedoaria
Curcuma zedoaria#Translingual

Curcuma zedoaria, a perennial herb native to India and Indonesia.


agnus castus

From Ancient Greek ἄγνος (ágnos), confused with ἁγνός (hagnós, “chaste”); + by reinforcement Latin castus (“chaste”).

[…] some herbs provoke lust; some again, as agnus castus, waterlilly, quite extinguish seed […] .

Vitex agnus-castus
Vitex agnus-castus#Translingual

A tree, Vitex agnus-castus, formerly believed to preserve chastity.


springwood

springwood (countable and uncountable, plural springwoods)

The wood in a tree's growth ring formed earlier in the growing season, when growth is more rapid, thus composed of wider elements and usually lighter in colour.


summerwood

The wood in a tree's growth ring formed later in the growing season, when growth is less rapid.


banana pepper

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum#Translingual

A kind of yellow chili pepper, Capsicum annuum.


Rkatsiteli

Borrowed from Georgian რქაწითელი (rkac̣iteli, literally “red stem”).

bor

A kind of grape used to produce white wine.


Queensland nut

The tree is native to parts of Queensland, Australia.


cornhusker

(usually capitalized) A person who is a native or resident of the U.S. state of Nebraska.


Nashi

A northeast wind which occurs in winter on the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf.


Nashi

Pyrus pyrifolia
Pyrus pyrifolia#Translingual

A fruit, the Nashi pear, Pyrus pyrifolia.


Nashi

Alternative form of Nakhi (“ethnic group”)


kaikomako

(New Zealand) Pennantia baylisiana, a rare tree of New Zealand.


ground-ivy

en-noun

ground-ivy (usually uncountable, plural ground-ivies)

Glechoma hederacea
Glechoma hederacea#Translingual

Glechoma hederacea, an aromatic, perennial, evergreen creeper of the mint family Lamiaceae


chinquapin

Like its cognate / alternative form chinkapin, chinquapin is an alteration of chechinquamin / chincomen (the form found in early records), from an Algonquian language (sometimes said specifically to be from Powhatan). The final element is *mini (“berry, fruit”). Hewitt suggested that the first element was a word meaning "large, great" cognate to xinkw- (“big, large, great”).

Any of certain species of tree in the chestnut genus Castanea:

Nelumbo lutea
Nelumbo lutea#Translingual

A water chinquapin, an aquatic plant of species Nelumbo lutea, American lotus.

A redear sunfish, a freshwater fish of the southeastern US (Lepomis microlophus).


urad

Borrowed from Hindi उड़द (uṛad), ultimately from Proto-Dravidian *uẓuntu

(botany, India cooking) Vigna mungo, a South Asian bean used to make dal.


amomum

Any of several spices of genus Amomum, family Zingiberaceae, including cardamom.


melongene

From French mélongène, from Medieval Latin melongena, Italian melanzana, from Greek μελιτζάνα (melitzána), from Arabic اَلْبَاذِنْجَان (al-bāḏinjān, “eggplant”), from Persian بادنگان (bâdengân), from باتنگان (bâtengân), from Sanskrit वातिगगम (vātiga-gama, “eggplant”). Doublet of malidzano.

der

اَلْبَاذِنْجَان


off-corn

Waste or inferior corn thrown out during dressing.


catjang

en-noun

catjang (countable and uncountable, plural catjangs)

Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea) and occasionally catjangs or cow peas (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) are grown along the Wahgi Valley (HIDE 1979:14).

1991, A. O. Latunde-Dada, Genetic Manipulation of the Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) for Enhanced Resistance ro Fungal Pathogens and Insect Pests, Nyle C. Brady (editor), Advances in Agronomy, Volume 44, page 134,
The Indian cultigroups of V. unguiculata ssp. unguiculata, namely, Biflora (the catjang bean) and Sesquipedalis (the yardlong or asparagus bean), arose probably by selection from the early cowpea domesticates (Faris, 1965).

2012, Tong Kwee Lim, Edible Medicinal And Non-Medicinal Plants, Volume 2: Fruits, page 968,
Catjang bean is considered to have developed in India from cowpea (cultigroup Unguiculata) which originated in West Africa (Ng and Marechal 1985). Catjang is widely cultivated in India, China, Kampuchea, Japan, Korea, Laos, Vietnam, Africa and America.

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata#Translingual

A cowpea native to Africa, Vigna unguiculata, sometimes Vigna unguiculata subsp. cylindrica, a densely-branched shrubby perennial grown for animal fodder or food.


mamey sapote

mamey sapote (usually uncountable, plural mamey sapotes)

Pouteria sapota
Pouteria sapota#Translingual

A species of fruit-bearing tree native to southern Mexico and northern South America, Pouteria sapota.


lignum vitae

lignum vitae (countable and uncountable, plural lignum vitaes)

From Latin lignum (“wood”) vitae (“of life”).

(countable) guaiacum trees, of species Guaiacum officinale and Guaiacum sanctum.


liberty cabbage

Coined during the First World War as a substitute for the word sauerkraut, which had been borrowed from German around 1600.

The largest quantity of vegetables prepared was Liberty cabbage, 661 barrels. If these barrels were placed lengthwise in a row, they would reach a distance of almost one-half a mile.

1918, The Institution Quarterly (Illinois), volume 9, issue 1, 31 March 1918, page 286

"Liberty cabbage," made in Germany and there still known as sauerkraut, has been served at many American army messes during the week, five carloads of the edible having been left behind by the withdrawing German army.

1918 November 30, “Liberty Cabbage”, in The New York Times:

A glance at the following menus gives an idea of the quality and variety of food served the employe[e]s: [...] Supper—Cream of Barley Soup, Wieners and Liberty Cabbage, Pork Chops, Fried Potatoes, Stewed Corn, [...]

1919 January, The National Association of Corporation Schools Bulletin, volume 6, number 1, page 124:

We noticed the monstrous cabbage weighing eighteen pounds, but this was nothing new to us as in the past few days we have made thirty barrels of liberty cabbage.

1919 October, Joseph Hermann, Milton Dentzler, “Greenhouse”, in The Industrial Enterprise, volume 26, number 10, page 11:

Guinea Fowls with Liberty Cabbage [...] Clean and disjoint guinea fowls. Season pieces by rolling them in a little flour [...] Cover Liberty cabbage with hot water, add smoked bacon and sausages.

1919, Marion Harris Neil, The Thrift Cook Book, page 109:

September.—Made 8 hhds. of Liberty Cabbage; housed onions, tomatoes, canteloupe, watermelons; began the apple picking; supplied the house with vegetables and fruits. N. B.—The frost hit and killed our tender crops on September 11, 1917.

1919, New York Legislative Documents: One Hundred and Forty-Second Session, 1919, volume 39, issues 105–110, page 60

Utica State Hospital Regular Dietary for Patients week ending June 1, 1919 [...] Breakfast: Cereal, milk, syrup, bread, butter, coffee, (toast, fried Hamburg steak). Dinner: Corned beef, gravy, potatoes, coffee, liberty cabbage, bread, [...]

1919, State of New York Handbook of the State Hospital Commission, page 186:

Sauerkraut was rechristened “liberty cabbage,” and hamburgers became “liberty sandwiches.” Libraries removed works of German literature from their shelves, and Theodore Roosevelt and others urged school districts to prohibit the teaching of the German language. Patriotic school boards burned the German books in their districts.

2007, John M. Murrin, Paul E. Johnson, James M. McPherson, Liberty, Equality, Power: A History of the American People, Since 1863, page 858:

Sauerkraut became liberty cabbage; frankfurters became liberty sausage. (Could the creative members of Congress who coined the term freedom fries in a spasm of anti-French sentiment in 2002 have known of this earlier linguistic inventiveness?) German faculty members were fired from universities. German musicians were fired from orchestras.

2008, Daniel A. Farber, Security versus liberty, page 32:

(US, historical, nationalist) sauerkraut


cicely

cicely (usually uncountable, plural cicelies)

From Latin seselis, from Ancient Greek σέσελις (séselis).

Myrrhis odorata
Myrrhis odorata#Translingual

Myrrhis odorata, a plant in the genus Myrrhis, in the family Apiaceae.

sweetroot, any of several plants in the genus Osmorhiza.


blue bugle

Ajuga reptans
Ajuga reptans#Translingual

Either of two herbaceous flowering plants.


tamarillo

A Spanish-language-sounding neologism chosen by the New Zealand Tree Tomato Promotions Council in New Zealand in 1967. Appears to be a blend of tamarind and Spanish tomatillo.

A small tree or shrub (Solanum betaceum syn. Cyphomandra betacea) which bears edible fruits.


plumcot

These fruits are in season now, along with the plumcot, 50 percent plum and 50 percent apricot, which has been sold on a limited basis until now.

2007 July 11, Florence Fabricant, “Food Stuff”, in New York Times:

He also sent us specimens of what he calls the "plumcot" — a cross between the plum and the apricot.

1898, Report/Maryland State Horticultural Society:


meranti

Homeowners can also use cedar, at $1.50 to $3 or more per foot, or exotic hardwoods like meranti from Southeast Asia or ipê from Brazil at about $3 a foot.

2007 August 19, Jay Romano, “Decks: Real Wood or a Look-Alike?”, in New York Times:

The timber of any of various trees of the genus Shorea.

meranti

the timber of any of various trees of the genus Shorea


callicarpa

There were callicarpas full of pale lavender berries, which would turn purple in the fall; viburnums and shrub dogwoods; and lacy elderberries juxtaposed against dense evergreens or the large, floppy leaves of an oakleaf hydrangea.

2007 August 30, Anne Raver, “Vistas and Close-Ups, Staged by a Filmmaker”, in New York Times:

Any of the genus Callicarpa of shrubs and small trees, the beautyberries.


Indian apple

Punica granatum
Punica granatum#Translingual

Podophyllum peltatum
Podophyllum peltatum#Translingual

Podophyllum peltatum (mayapple), a toxic, herbaceous perennial plant with edible fruit.

Datura inoxia
Datura inoxia#Translingual

Datura inoxia (angel's trumpet), a hallucinogenic plant.


nepitella

And though he has not started shaving white truffles over his food as yet because the season is just beginning, Mr. Trabocchi is indulging in more than a few high-end ingredients, including sea urchin, Kobe beef and nepitella, a wild Italian mintlike herb that he uses in savories and a dessert.

2007 September 26, Florence Fabricant, “A Chef to Watch Finds a New York Niche”, in New York Times:

A herb, Clinopodium nepeta, lesser calamint.


rocket salad

rocket salad (countable and uncountable, plural rocket salads)


apple mint

apple mint (countable and uncountable, plural apple mints)

Any herb with aroma or taste reminiscent of apple and mint, used for flavoring, herbal teas, and jellies.


shoepeg corn

A cultivar of sweetcorn with small, narrow kernels, valued for its sweetness.


oheloberry

From Hawaiian, from the plant's name ʻŌhelo ʻai, and berry.

The berry of Vaccinium reticulatum, native to Hawaii, similar in taste to the cranberry.


holy basil

holy basil (countable and uncountable, plural holy basils)

Ocimum tenuiflorum
Ocimum tenuiflorum#Translingual

Ocimum tenuiflorum, an aromatic plant cultivated for religious, medicinal, and culinary purposes and for its essential oil.


jichimu

He has a set of four faux-bamboo drum stools made of jichimu, a Chinese hardwood.

2008 March 14, Wendy Moonan, “Rare Works by Eminent Britons”, in New York Times:

A Chinese hardwood with a grain that resembles a bird's feathers.


langsat

He describes one variety of the stinking durian fruit as tasting like “undercooked peanut butter-mint omelets in body-odor sauce”; langsats are “tangy-sweet detonations of citric perfection”; biting into a monkey tamarind is “like eating cloud.”

2008 June 1, Mary Roach, “Beyond Harry & David”, in New York Times:

He always had a good time, and always would come home with a bunch of bananas or a basket of langsat and durian fruit, which would definitely make Mamek happy, as well as his mother and father.

2015, Eka Kurniawan, translated by Labodalih Sembiring, Man Tiger, Verso, page 39:

Lansium domesticum
Lansium domesticum#Translingual

A small, whitish-brown fruit of Southeast Asia, from the tree Lansium domesticum, with fleshy pulp and subacid taste.


limewood

limewood (usually uncountable, plural limewoods)

From lime² (ultimately from Old English lind) + wood.

compound

But he would not publicly confirm his purchase of “Hercules and Achelous,” or another rarity that experts say he bought this year: a limewood figure of St. Catherine by the German Medieval sculptor Tilman Riemenschneider that went for $6.3 million at Sotheby’s in January.

2008 June 13, Carol Vogel, “Darkness Was Muse for a Master of Light”, in New York Times:

(UK) The wood from the lime tree or linden tree.


egg squash

A subspecies of squash with small egg-shaped fruit, Cucurbita pepo subsp. polymorpha


datil

From American Spanish dátil (“date”), from Catalan dàtil. Doublet of dactyl and date.

The queen palm, Syagrus romanzoffiana, or its leaf fibers used for weaving.


rangpur

Citrus limon (syn. Citrus × limonia), a citrus fruit which is a hybrid between the mandarin orange and the lemon.


lemandarin

Citrus × limonia, a citrus fruit which is a hybrid between the mandarin orange and the lemon.


nocake

A respelling, probably influenced by cake, of nokehick, nokehike, which derives from an Algonquian language, probably Narragansett nokehick or Massachusett nookhik (“nocake”, literally “(that which is) pounded till soft”); the word is related to Abenaki nokhigan (“flour”), and English rokeag and yokeag.

der

If their imperious occaſions cauſe them to travell, the beſt of their victuals for their journey is Nocake, (as they call it) which is nothing but Indian Corne parched in the hot aſhes; the aſhes being ſifted from it, it is afterwards beaten to powder, and put into a long leatherne bag, truſſed at their backe like a knapſacke; out of which they take thrice three ſpoonefulls a day, dividing it into three meales.

1634, William Wood, “Of Their Dyet, Cookery, Meale-times, and Hospitality at Their Kettles”, in Nevv Englands Prospect. […], London: […] Tho[mas] Cotes, for Iohn Bellamie, […], →OCLC, page 68:

A ſmall pouch of parched corn, ground or rather pounded into meal, and called Nuichicke, which is well enough tranſlated Nocake, would ſupport them ſeveral days in their travelling, when they could get no other proviſions; [...]

1760, [Thomas] Hutchinson, “Of the Original State of the Country, with Respect to the Inhabitants and Soil”, in The History of the Colony of Massachusets-Bay, […], 2nd edition, London: […] M. Richardson, […], →OCLC, page 465:

Nookhick or nokehick, the Indian name of the meal of parched corn, was pronounced nocake, by the English, who sometimes hired Indian women to prepare it for them. Winthrop says the parched corn was "turned almost inside outward, and was white and floury." It must have resembled our parched popcorn.

[1863, Sylvester Judd, chapter XXXII, in History of Hadley, including the Early History of Hatfield, South Hadley, Amherst and Granby, Massachusetts, […], Northampton, Mass.: […] Metcalf & Company, →OCLC, footnote ‡, page 366:

The Indians had not the art of making bread. Their boiled their corn [...] or they ate the parched kernels whole; or with a stone pestle and a wooden mortar they broke them up into meal, which, moistened with water into a paste, they called nookhik.¹ [Footnote 1: Nookhik, meal, (Eliot's Indian Bible,) was corrupted by the English into nocake.]

[1865, John Gorham Palfrey, chapter I, in The History of New England during the Stuart Dynasty. … In Three Volumes, volume I, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, →OCLC, book I (The Settlement), page 28:

This preparation of corn was called nocake or nookick. [...] It was held to be the most nourishing food known, and in the smallest and most condensed form.

1898, Alice Morse Earle, “Indian Corn”, in Home Life in Colonial Days […], New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC, page 137:

The Puritans raised corn (or maize) which they got from the Indians; and they soon learned the virtues of "nocake"—a name derived from the Indian of noohkik. Nocake was made of selected Indian corn, parched in hot ashes, then well sifted and thoroughly pulverized. It was mixed with cold water and drunk. The early Virginians knew it as "rockahomonie." Nocake was the rudiment with which the New England folk began the study of foods prepared from Indian corn.

1920 November 1, George S. Bryan, “Good Eating in Puritan Days”, in The Mentor, volume 8, number 17 (number 213 overall), New York, N.Y.: Crowell Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 35, column 1:

[pages 5–6] In connection with the mortar and pestle, our attention is directed towards the preparation of nocake (nókek‘, corn parched and pounded) and the realization of its unsurpassed tastiness and value as a staple food. [...] [page 7] One informant confessed, of his own accord, his occasional craving for nocake, and remarked upon the individual satisfaction derived from preparing and eating it. For making nocake, Indian or "native" corn of the yellow variety is preferred.

1930 January, Gladys Tantaquidgeon, “Notes on the Gay Head Indians of Massachusetts”, in Indian Notes, volume VII, number I, New York, N.Y.: Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 5–7:

It was some time before the white man learned the red man's secret—Nocake. Undoubtedly the first American food concentrate was Nocake. Simple to prepare, easy to carry, always dependable, it was his dependence in the forests, on the trails, even on the warpath.

1962 April 3, Fred Schwengel, quoting Margo Cairns, “America’s First Food Concentrate—Nocake: Extension of Remarks of Hon. Fred Schwengel of Iowa in the House of Representatives, Monday, April 2, 1962”, in Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the 87th Congress, Second Session: Appendix (United States House of Representatives), volume 108, part 23, Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, →ISSN, →OCLC, page A2541, column 1:

Long journeys like this, as well as quick removes, required a lightweight but nourishing ration. "Nokehick" or "nokake," the meal from parched corn described above, was the answer.

[1980, Howard S[ymmes] Russell, “The Family Meals”, in Indian New England before the Mayflower, Lebanon, N.H.: University Press of New England, →ISBN, part III (The Household), pages 92–93:

[S]he took a mouthful of nocake to chew slowly, and she focused her energies on putting one foot in front of the other.

1998 August, Sara Donati [pseudonym; Rosina Lippi], chapter XXXVIII, in Into the Wilderness (A Delta Book), trade paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Bantam Dell, published October 2008, →ISBN, page 510:

He held out the bowl. "This here is some nocake. I figured we earned a quick bever." I quickly ate the ground Indian corn mixed with water.

1999, Michael Jensen, chapter 5, in Frontiers: A Novel, trade paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Pocket Books, published May 2000, →ISBN, page 70:

Especially for men away from camp, winter was a time of occasional hunger between kills; most carried only a small store of parched corn flour called nocake as traveling fare.

2003, William Cronon, “Seasons of Want and Plenty”, in Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England, revised edition, New York, N.Y.: Hill and Wang, →ISBN, part II (The Ecological Transformation of Colonial New England), page 47:

Indian corn parched and pounded into meal (powder), used as food by Native Americans, sometimes mixed with maple sugar.


butter pear

(avocado): From its pear-like shape and buttery texture.

A juicy, delicate-textured French variety of pear.

bera

a juicy, delicate-textured French variety of pear


yampah

At this place I became first acquainted with the yampah (anethum graveolens,) which I found our Snake woman engaged in digging in the low timbered bottom of the creek.

1845, J[ohn] C[harles] Frémont, Report of the Exploring Expedition to the Rocky Mountains in the Year 1842, and to Oregon and North California in the Years 1843-’44, Washington: Gales and Seaton, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 124:

Any of the genus Perideridia of plants in the parsley family, native to western North America, with umbels of white flowers, especially Perideridia gairdneri, which has an edible root.


rollup

I smoke rollups because they are cheaper than buying cigarettes.

A self-made cigarette of tobacco and rolling paper.


Cavendish

en-proper noun

Cavendish (countable and uncountable, plural Cavendishes)

* (English village): Enclosure of a man named Cāfna + Old English edisc; recorded as Kauanadisc in 1086 (DB).
* (in Vermont): Likely named after William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire.
* (banana): Named after William Cavendish, 6th Duke of Devonshire.

named-after

A village and civil parish in West Suffolk district, Suffolk, England, previously in St Edmundsbury district (OS grid ref TL8046).

Peterborough County
Peterborough County#English

A community, ward and former township in Trent Lakes, Peterborough County, Ontario.

Clearwater County
Clearwater County#English

An unincorporated community in Clearwater County, Idaho, United States.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A town and census-designated place therein, in Windsor County, Vermont, United States.

Southern Grampians
Southern Grampians#English

A township in the Shire of Southern Grampians, Victoria, Australia.


sapan

en-noun

sapan (usually uncountable, plural sapans)

Biancaea sappan
Biancaea sappan#Translingual

Caesalpinia sappan
Caesalpinia sappan#Translingual

Wood of a timber tree of species Biancaea sappan (syn. Caesalpinia sappan) that also produces a red dye.


pinole

pinole (countable and uncountable, plural pinoles)

From Mexican Spanish pinole, from Classical Nahuatl pinolli (“flour, ground maize or chia”).

der

But all of them also called for obscure ingredients  whole cacao beans and a toasted corn flour called pinole, for example.

2009 February 11, Melissa Clark, “Third Time’s the Charm, Valentine”, in New York Times:

A coarse flour made from ground toasted maize kernels, often mixed with herbs, which may be eaten by itself or incorporated into drinks.


palmwood

As in his living room, a 1910s wooden pillar by Constantin Brancusi ($19 million to $25 million) will be placed not far from a 1910s armchair by Eileen Gray carved with dragons ($2.5 million to $3.8 million), two 1920s red-lacquered palmwood benches by Gustave Miklos ($2.5 million to $3.8 million), an ivory-inlaid 1910s cylindrical table by Emile-Jacques Ruhlmann ($88,000 to $114,000) and a surprisingly staid pair of 18th-century walnut sofas ($38,000 to $63,000).

2009 February 20, Eve M. Kahn, “Flickery Images of Black Life Back Then”, in New York Times:


jargonelle

/dʒɑːɡəˈnɛl/

From French jargonelle, diminutive of jargon.

A jargonell pear-tree at one end of the cottage, a rivulet, and flower-plot of a rood in extent, in front, and a kitchen-garden behind; […] announced the warm and cordial comforts which Old England, even at her most northern extremity, extends to her meanest inhabitants.

1817 December 31 (indicated as 1818), [Walter Scott], chapter V, in Rob Roy. […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co. […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC, page 92:

She craves for fruit,—she has a constant fever on her; but jargonelle pears will do as well as anything, and there are quantities of them in the market.

1855, Elizabeth Gaskell, chapter 27, in North and South:


astrantia

To counter the heft of such big leaves, add dainty flowering plants like Yellow Waxbells (Kirengeshoma palmata) or the underused astrantia in red or maroon.

2009 May 14, Stephen Orr, “Plants That Like to Get Their Feet Wet”, in New York Times:

Any of the genus Astrantia of herbaceous plants.


cornflake

But the kitchen regained its footing with a juicy pork chop, from a farm in Pennsylvania, with a cornflake crust; catfish (in a departure, from Louisiana) pan roasted, with black-bean-studded rice; and a chicken breast (from Delaware) pan roasted, with balsamic vinegar and a first-rate mozzarella.

2009 June 7, David Corcoran, “Ideas That Translate Into Full Local Flavors”, in New York Times:

A toasted flake of maize used as breakfast cereal.


eggfruit

From egg + fruit. The texture of these fruits has been likened to hard-boiled egg yolk.

“I’m pumped!” he exclaimed, having just been told that a new graft will increase the size of his cherimoyas, and that he can easily hand pollinate his underproducing eggfruits.

2009 June 28, John Anderson, “His Weird Side: That’s Where the Fun Is”, in New York Times:


dangleberry

[ˈdæŋɡəɫˌbɛɹi]

An ericaceous flowering plant in the genus Gaylussacia.

The white-bloomed dark blue edible berry of this plant.


nondo

A coarse umbelliferous North American plant in the genus Ligusticum, with a large aromatic root.


breadcorn

From Middle English bred corn, brede corne; equivalent to bread + corn.

That which I drive at now is this; That Breadcorn, that brings so considerable increase by Tillage and Husbandry, would scarce be at all without it; for that which grows wildly of it self is worth nothing: but it being so wholesom and strengthning a food, that it should yield so plentiful increase, and that this should not be without humane Art and Industry, does plainly insinuate that there is a Divine Providence that intended to exercise the wit of Man in Husbandry and Tillage.

1662, Henry More, An Antidote Against Atheism, Book II, A Collection of Several Philosophical Writings of Dr. Henry More, p. 60


threetip sagebrush

Artemisia tripartita, a sagebrush plant.


chalk out

en-verb

chalk out (third-person singular simple present chalks out, present participle chalking out, simple past and past participle chalked out)

chalks out (present singular third-person)
chalking out (participle present)
chalked out (participle past)
chalked out (past)

A 25-1 shot won race 3, but the rest of the early pick 5 chalked out after that.

(US, intransitive, horse racing) In a multi-race wager, to lose to the favorite in all of the remaining races.


agalloch

From Ancient Greek ἀγάλοχον (agálokhon).

Aquilaria malaccensis
Aquilaria malaccensis#Translingual

The soft, aromatic, resinous wood of Aquilaria malaccensis (formerly Aquilaria agallocha).