papeda

papeda (countable and uncountable, plural papedas)

The subgenus Papeda of the genus Citrus, a citrus species native to Asia.


Adam's flannel

In reference to the Biblical Adam, who would have had to improvise clothing from plant materials.

Verbascum thapsus
Verbascum thapsus#Translingual

(Chester) The mullein (Verbascum thapsus).


milk pea

Any of the genus Galactia of leguminous and, usually, twining plants.


golden shower tree

en-noun

golden shower tree (plural golden shower trees)

Cassia fistula
Cassia fistula#Translingual

Cassia fistula, a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae.


goat's rue

Certain herbaceous plants in the family Fabaceae:

Tephrosia virginiana (catgut, devil's shoestring), native to the United States.


multiflora bean

multiflora bean (plural multiflora beans)

Phaseolus coccineus
Phaseolus coccineus#Translingual


Molucca palm

Nypa fruticans
Nypa fruticans#Translingual


partridge pea

Chamaecrista fasciculata, an annual legume with yellow flowers, native to most of the eastern United States.


goosetongue

goosetongue (usually uncountable, plural goosetongues)

Plantago maritima (sea plantain, seaside plantain)


Jacob's staff

Fouquieria splendens
Fouquieria splendens#Translingual

The ocotillo (Fouquieria splendens), one of certain desert shrubs of southwestern United States and Mexico having slender naked spiny branches that after the rainy season put forth foliage and clusters of red flowers.


maiden plum

Any tree from the Caribbean islands, or other parts of North America, of genus Comocladia.


orange mint

A mint that smells of oranges, now specifically the Eau de Cologne mint, Mentha × piperita var. citrata.


elephant apple

Compound of elephant + apple.
Limonia acidissima: due to the skin of the fruit being akin to the skin of elephants.

The fruit of several tropical Asian trees:

wood apple, a citrus relative (Limonia acidissima)

Limonia acidissima
Limonia acidissima#Translingual

bael, another citrus relative (Aegle marmelos)

Aegle marmelos
Aegle marmelos#Translingual


cherry currant

A large variety of red currant native to North America, Ribes cereum.


giant fennel

Ferula communis
Ferula communis#Translingual

Ferula communis, a tall herbaceous perennial (not a true fennel), of the family Apiaceae, native to the Mediterranean and eastern Africa.


umbrella tree

Virtually all the trees in the home range of the baboons are acacias of just two species: the fever tree, Acacia xanthophloea (18.4% of feeding bouts), and, on somewhat higher, drier ground, the umbrella tree, A. tortilis (5.0%).

1998, Stuart A. Altmann, “Dietary Diversity”, in Foraging for Survival: Yearling Baboons in Africa, Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 76:


New Jersey tea

Ceanothus americanus, a North American shrub whose leaves were once used as a substitute for tea.


red fir

From the bark colour of the older trees.

[…]in the ape posse, bent on vengeance, traversing landscapes clothed in snow and bristling with California red fir and silver pine, spooking human stragglers, and running across fresh graves as they search for the nameless colonel and try to piece together why the humans are killing each other.

2017 July 7, Ignatiy Vishnevetsky, “The ambitious War For The Planet Of The Apes ends up surrendering to formula”, in The Onion AV Club:

Abies magnifica
Abies magnifica#Translingual

A fir tree of western North America (Abies magnifica).


needle furze

Genista anglica, a shrubby flowering plant of the family Fabaceae.


staff tree

Any of the genus Celastrus of shrubs and vines.


salt tree

Halimodendron halodendron, a deciduous spiny shrub native to Russia and southern Asia.


leadplant

From lead + plant; its presence was supposed to indicate lead ore.

a tall deciduous shrub of species Amorpha canescens, in the pea family, native to North America, with very small purple flowers grouped in racemes.


cocuswood

The dense hardwood of Brya ebenus, a Caribbean flowering tree.


Spanish flag

Lantana camara
Lantana camara#Translingual


Spanish broom

Spanish broom (countable and uncountable, plural Spanish brooms)

Spartium junceum
Spartium junceum#Translingual

Spartium junceum, a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae, native to the Mediterranean, with many flexible rush-like twigs.


rough lemon

Citrus jhambiri, a lemon with a rough skin and very sour pulp.


false mastic

Sideroxylon foetidissimum, a flowering plant in the chicle family, native to Florida, the Caribbean, and northern Central America.


sheep laurel

Kalmia angustifolia, a shrub in the family Ericaceae, with pink flowers.


cucumber tree

Any of several species of trees with cucumber-like fruit.

Magnolia acuminata, native to the northeastern United States and southern Ontario.


bladder senna

The bladder-sena, (Colutea), and bladder-nut (Staphylæa) have their seed-vessels distended with air […].

1789, Erasmus Darwin, The Loves of the Plants, J. Johnson, page 34:

Colutea arborescens
Colutea arborescens#Translingual

Colutea arborescens, a leguminous shrub.


poison ash

The tree Comocladia dodonaea, whose exudate can cause contact dermatitis.


Spanish buckeye

Spanish buckeye (plural Spanish buckeyes)

A small tree (Ungnadia speciosa) of Texas, New Mexico, etc., related to the buckeye, but having pinnate leaves and a three-seeded fruit.


Sakurajima

From Japanese 桜島 (sakurajima, “Cherry Island”), from 桜 (sakura, “cherry tree, cherry blossom”) + 島 (shima, “island”). From its appearance like a cherry tree in bloom, when from a volcanic eruption, hot rock rains down onto the slopes, lighting up the island volcano.

bor

(placename) An asteroid in Main Belt, Solar System


rose-acacia

A shrub of species Robinia hispida, in the subfamily Faboideae of the pea family Fabaceae, native to the southeastern United States.


garden balsam

Impatiens balsamina
Impatiens balsamina#Translingual

Impatiens balsamina, an annual flowering plant native to southern Asia.


bottle gourd

From its shape, round with a narrow neck.

Crescentia cujete
Crescentia cujete#Translingual

Lagenaria siceraria
Lagenaria siceraria#Translingual

Calabash (Crescentia cujete or Lagenaria siceraria)


Chinese plum

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Chinese plum.wav

Any of three species of East Asian trees and their fruit:

Eriobotrya japonica
Eriobotrya japonica#Translingual


Nagami kumquat

Citrus japonica 'Margarita', a type of kumquat.


bigarade

Eau de Naphre, Eau le Naphe, Fr.; Aqua naphæ, L. This article is distilled in Languedoc from the leaves of the bigarade, or bitter-orange tree, but the preparation sold in England under this name is often prepared as follows: —Orange flowers, 7 lbs.; fresh yellow peel of the bigarade or Seville orange, […]

1880, Arnold Cooley, Richard Tuson, Cooley's Practical Receipts, volume II:


richardia

From the genus name, after the French botanist L. C. M. Richard (1754-1821) and his son.

(botany) Any of the genus Richardia of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae.


balsam of Peru

It was long supposed to be a product of Peru.

A sweet-smelling balsam derived from a tree of the genus Myroxylon, used as a flavoring, as a fragrance, and in pharmaceuticals.


corn parsley

Petroselinum segetum, species of parsley endemic to western and southern Europe, and northern Africa.


mock orange

Philadelphus coronarius
Philadelphus coronarius#Translingual

Any shrub of the genus Philadelphus, particularly Philadelphus coronarius (sweet mock orange).

Choisya ternata (Mexican orange), an aromatic shrub native to North America.

Maclura pomifera
Maclura pomifera#Translingual

Maclura pomifera (Osage orange), a small tree from North America.

Murraya paniculata
Murraya paniculata#Translingual

Murraya paniculata (orange jessamine), a small tree ranging from East Asia to Australasia.


Brazilian tea

en-noun

Brazilian tea (countable and uncountable, plural Brazilian teas)

The leaves of Verbascum Phoenicium, according to Pallas, are used in Siberia as a substitute for tea; and the dried leaves of Bouchea pseudo-gervao, in Brazil, in the same way as Stachytarpheta Jamaicensis, a small shrub, growing in South America. The leaves of S. mutabilis are sold in Austria under the name of Brazilian tea.

1862, Peter Lund Simmonds, Waste Products and Undeveloped Substances: Or, Hints for Enterprise in Neglected Fields, page 26:

Brazilian (Stachtarpha^([sic]) jamaicensis), a tall, single-stemmed biennial, with spikes of blue flowers, of the Verbena family (Verbenaceae), native of the West Indies and many parts of tropical America. In Brazil it is held in high repute for its medicinal virtues, and is said to be imported into Austria as Brazilian Tea.

1882, John Smith, A Dictionary of Popular Names of the Plants which Furnish the Natural and Acquired Wants of Man, in All Matters of Domestic and General Economy, page 407:

Lantana pseudothea, or Lippia pseudothea, is used in Brazil as a substitute for tea.

1907, Daniel Coit Gilman, Harry Thurston Peck, Frank Moore Colby, editors, The New International Encyclopædia, volume 11, page 767:

Brazilian tea (Lippia pseudo-thea) [Verbenaceae] Gervao: The leaves of this small tropical American shrub of the Verbenaceae family are sold in Austria and possibly elsewhere as Brazilian tea.

2013, Carole J. Skelly, Dictionary of Herbs, Spices, Seasonings, and Natural Flavorings:

The various peoples of the world prefer different caffeine beverages, but coffee and tea alone are really competitors. The number of plants used as substitutes for genuine tea is extremely large. I am aware of some two hundred, among them the following: […] stachytarpheta (Brazilian tea), […].

1998, Louis Lewin, Phantastica: A Classic Survey on the Use and Abuse of Mind-Altering Plants:

The dried leaves of plants of certain species, or the tea-like infusions made from them, especially Lippia pseudo-thea (native to Brazil), Stachytarpheta mutabilis and Stachytarpheta jamaicensis.

At the Health Exhibition will be found many examples of Brazilian tea, the produce of the Brazilian holly, Ilex Paraguayensis. They may be recognized by their dull yellowish colour, and by their being in small flat fragments of broken leaf, not curled or rolled as is the case with China tea.

1884 August 16, X. Y. Z., “Brazilian or Maté Tea”, in The Gardeners’ Magazine, volume 27 (New Series), number 1,007, page 451:

MATTE, (Special sort of Brazilian tea or holly,) Bot. Ilex Paraguayensis. 747. Ildefonso Correa. Province of Paranã. MATTE. NOTE.--- These samples of Matte have been prepared in the same way that is used to prepare it for exportation to Chili[…]

1876, Brazil. Commissão, Exposic̦ão universal, Catalogue of the Brazilian Section: Philadelphia International Exhibition, 1876, page 89:

The United States, in 1938, bought 27 metric tons of the plain and the processed types of Brazilian tea [herva-mate, ilex], as against 30 metric tons in 1937.

1939, Brazil. Ministério das Relações Exteriores, Brazil, page 107:

Ilex paraguariensis
Ilex paraguariensis#Translingual

Maté, a beverage made from the leaves of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis).


horse gentian

Any of the genus Triosteum of flowering plants, especially Triosteum perfoliatum


strawberry bush

strawberry bush (plural strawberry bushes)

Euonymus americanus, a flowering plant in the family Celastraceae.


skunkbush

From skunk + bush, in reference to the strong smell of the crushed leaves.

A low shrubby type of sumac, Rhus trilobata.


rose of Sharon

Hibiscus syriacus
Hibiscus syriacus#Translingual

Hibiscus syriacus, a deciduous flowering shrub native to east Asia, and a national emblem of South Korea.


yellow bugle

yellow bugle (countable and uncountable, plural yellow bugles)

Ajuga chamaepitys
Ajuga chamaepitys#Translingual

A flowering plant of species Ajuga chamaepitys, in the family Lamiaceae, native to Europe, North Africa, and the eastern Mediterranean.


rose mallow

Any of various flowering plants in the genus Hibiscus.


indigo bush

A shrub of any of several genera in the Fabaceae family, including:


rapunzel

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-rapunzel.wav

Campanula rapunculus
Campanula rapunculus#Translingual

(plants, vegetable) A plant with leaves and crisp roots which have been used in salads, rampion, Campanula rapunculus.

Valerianella locusta
Valerianella locusta#Translingual

(plants, vegetable) A plant with leaves which are used in salads, corn salad or mâche, Valerianella locusta.


hoptree

From hop + tree, since its bitter fruit could be used as a substitute for hops.

Ptelea trifoliata, a shrub or small tree in the Rutaceae family, native to North and Central America.


umbrella-leaf

Diphylleia cymosa, an ornamental plant of the Berberidaceae family, native to the United States.


fetticus

Earliest sown or planted — round beet, peas, forcing carrot, lettuce, radish, early cabbage, peppergrass, mustard, spinach, kohlrabi, turnip, scallion, early potato, fetticus.

1945, Maurice Grenville Kains, Five acres and independence: a practical guide to the selection and management of the small farm:

(US) corn salad or mâche, Valerianella locusta, a plant whose leaves are used in salads.


nut lettuce

A plant used in salads, lamb's lettuce or mâche, Valerianella locusta


field salad

A salad made of assorted greens such as one might find growing wild in fields

A plant used in salads, corn salad or mâche, Valerianella locusta


mountain cranberry

mountain cranberry (plural mountain cranberries)

Mountain bearberry
mountain bearberry#English

Arctostaphylos alpina
Arctostaphylos alpina#Translingual

Mountain bearberry (Actous alpina (syn. Arctostaphylos alpina).


Mirbeck's oak

Quercus canariensis, a kind of oak tree.


desert date

Balanites aegyptiaca, a tree native to Africa and the Middle East.


crown of thorns

crown of thorns (plural crowns of thorns)

/ˌkɹaʊn əv ˈθɔːnz/

Calque of Latin spinea corona, itself a calque of Hellenistic Ancient Greek ἀκάνθινος στέφανος (akánthinos stéphanos).

der

ἀκάνθινος στέφανος

(Christianity) The crown made of a thorny plant that Christ was forced to wear before his Crucifixion, in mocking reference to his alleged status as ‘king of the Jews’, or a representation of this.

𐕢𐕒𐕡𐕚𐔰𐕄 𐕠𐔰𐕠𐕘𐕒𐕇𐕒𐕠

A spiny Mediterranean tree, Ziziphus spina-christi.

A spiny spurge, Euphorbia milii, native to Madagascar.

A large starfish with venemous spines, Acanthaster planci.

A woodworking technique, used in tramp art, in which interlocking pieces are notched to intersect at right angles and form joints and self-supporting objects.


fanpetal

Any of various flowering plants of the genus Sida in the mallow family.


mother of thousands

So called because of the many small plantlets that grow on the fringes of its leaves.

Any plant of species Bryophyllum delagoense of succulent plants native to Madagascar.


rattlesnake master

en-noun

rattlesnake master (plural rattlesnake masters)

The plant was reputed to cure rattlesnake bites.

Manfreda virginica, a flowering plant related to agaves.


strawberry saxifrage

Saxifraga stolonifera
Saxifraga stolonifera#Translingual

Saxifraga stolonifera, a perennial flowering plant.


heath pea

Lathyrus linifolius, a species of pea, whose tubers were once used as an appetite suppressant.


silverbush

Any of several bushes with a silvery appearance.

Argythamnia spp., found from Texas to Colombia

Convolvulus cneorum, of the Mediterranean

Sophora tomentosa subsp. australis, of Australia


silver tree

Leucadendron argenteum, a tree with striking silvery leaves, endemic to a small area of the Cape Peninsula in South Africa.


screwbean

Prosopis pubescens, a flowering shrub or small tree in the pea family, native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico.


Guinea pepper

Any of several not closely related black pepper-like spices from West Africa.

Xylopia aethiopica (grains of Selim) from the custard apple family (Annonaceae).


black snakeroot

black snakeroot (usually uncountable, plural black snakeroots)

Actaea racemosa
Actaea racemosa#Translingual


Alphonso mango

Probably named after Afonso de Albuquerque, 16th-century viceroy of Portuguese India. The cultivar was developed by Jesuits in Goa.

A type of Indian mango with golden-yellow skin and a rich, creamy texture.


andiroba

andiroba (countable and uncountable, plural andirobas)

From Portuguese andiroba, from Old Tupi îandyroba (“bitter oil”).

Any of the South and Central American trees of the genus Carapa, especially Carapa guianensis.


crabwood

A flowering plant of the genus Carapa in the mahogany family, Meliaceae.


pudding grass

Mentha pulegium
Mentha pulegium#Translingual

Mentha pulegium, the European pennyroyal.


prince's pine

Chimaphila umbellata, a small perennial flowering plant.


tiger grass

tiger grass (countable and uncountable, plural tiger grasses)

Centella asiatica
Centella asiatica#Translingual


horsebalm

A strong-scented labiate plant (Collinsonia canadensis) with large leaves and yellowish flowers.


rockfoil

rockfoil (countable and uncountable, plural rockfoils)


life everlasting

Hylotelephium telephium
Hylotelephium telephium#Translingual

Hylotelephium telephium, a succulent perennial ground cover native to Eurasia.


musk seed

musk seed (countable and uncountable, plural musk seeds)

Synonym of abelmosk: the plant or its aromatic seeds.


gum butea

A gum yielded by Indian plants in the genus Butea, used in tanning and in precipitating indigo.


gum cistus

The plain where he was riding was one immense thicket of the gum cistus, whose frail white leaves, just veined with the faintest pink, fell in showers at the least movement of the passer-by. What a prodigality of blossom!—for the gum cistus, born and withered in an hour, is the most ephemeral of flowers.

1831, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXII, in Romance and Reality. […], volume II, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 339:

Any of those flowering plants in the genus Cistus that yield resin, especially Cistus ladanifer.


butterfly pea

Any of genus Centrosema of American vines.


beach pea

Lathyrus japonicus (sea pea, circumpolar pea, sea vetchling), a legume native to temperate coastal areas of Asia, Europe, and North and South America.


possumwood

Any of tree of a few species or the wood of such trees:

Hura crepitans (sandbox tree), native to the tropical Americas;


cypress pine

Any conifer tree from one of three closely related genera in the subfamily Callitroideae of the cypress family Cupressaceae:


camelthorn

From Dutch kameeldoorn, Afrikaans kameeldoring. Equivalent to camel + thorn.

Vachellia erioloba, formerly Acacia erioloba, a tree native to southern Africa.

kameeldoring

a type of Mimosoid thorn tree, Vachellia erioloba

Alhagi, a genus of shrubs native to northern Africa and Asia Minor.


chuanxiong

chuanxiong (usually uncountable, plural chuanxiongs)

Borrowed from the Hanyu Pinyin romanization of Mandarin 川芎 (chuānxiōng).

Ligusticum striatum
Ligusticum striatum#Translingual

Szechuan lovage, a plant of the species Ligusticum striatum, formerly Ligustricum chuanxiong


Punic tree

Punica granatum
Punica granatum#Translingual

(obsolete) The pomegranate tree, Punica granatum.


myricanone

Morella rubra
Morella rubra#Translingual

A cyclic diarylheptanoid isolated from the bark of Myrica rubra ( ⇒ Morella rubra).


tramman

As above noted, the Blackbird was even a hundred years ago remarkably common in Man, and it is to-day an extremely abundant and widely-spread species, equally at home among the fuchsias and 'trammans' of a cottage garden […]

1905, Pilcher George Ralfe, The birds of the Isle of Man, page 9:

'The old trammans at Ballakoig were cut down, and the fairies came every night to weep and lament.'

1976, Margaret Killip, The folklore of the Isle of Man, page 36:


oakenshaw

1922, A.E Housman, "The Oracles"
'Tis mute, the word they went to hear on high Dodona mountain
When winds were in the oakenshaws and all the cauldrons tolled,
And mute's the midland navel-stone beside the singing fountain,
And echoes list to silence now where gods told lies of old.


Oconee bells

Shortia galacifolia, a rare plant of the Southern Appalachians in the family Diapensiaceae.


bacon and eggs

birdsfoot trefoil
birdsfoot trefoil#English


chuchupate

(Southwestern US, Northern Mexico) A wild plant related to lovage, Ligusticum porteri, which is used in traditional medicine.


Chinese cherry

Chinese cherry (plural Chinese cherries)

Chinese flowering cherry (Prunus cyclamina)

Any of several species of genus Prunus:
Chinese plum-cherry (Prunus humilis)

Chinese sour cherry (Prunus pseudocerasus)

Any of several species of genus Prunus:
Chinese dwarf cherry (Prunus tomentosa)

Any of several species of genus Prunus:
Chinese bush cherry (Prunus tomentosa)


devil's claw

Anything considered ugly or potentially harmful resembling a claw in appearance or behavior:

Harpagophytum spp., especially Harpagophytum procumbens, native to South Africa.

Proboscidea spp. (mule grab, unicorn plant)

Senegalia greggii (catclaw acacia, formerly Acacia greggii)


eleuthero

(informal) The shrub Eleutherococcus senticosus, used in traditional medicine.


noble fir

Abies procera, a western North American fir.


sweet bursaria

A small tree or shrub of species Bursaria spinosa, in the family Pittosporaceae, of eastern and southern Australia.


box elder maple

box elder maple (countable and uncountable, plural box elder maples)


box elder

box elder (countable and uncountable, plural box elders)

We crossed during the morning a number of hollows, timbered principally with box elder, (acer negundo,) poplar, and elm.

1845, J[ohn] C[harles] Frémont, Report of the Exploring Expedition to the Rocky Mountains in the Year 1842, and to Oregon and North California in the Years 1843-’44, Washington: Gales and Seaton, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 21:

The little valleys nestling along the streams are diversified by bordering willows, clumps of box elder, and small groves of cottonwood.

1895, J[ohn] W[esley] Powell, chapter I, in Canyons of the Colorado, Meadville, PA: Flood & Vincent; republished as The Exploration of the Colorado River and Its Canyons, New York: Dover, 1961, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 32:


flowering dogwood

flowering dogwood (countable and uncountable, plural flowering dogwoods)

Cornus florida
Cornus florida#Translingual

Cornus florida, a species of flowering plant native to North America.

François André Michaux
Pierre-Joseph Redouté


false blue indigo

false blue indigo (countable and uncountable, plural false blue indigos)

Baptisia australis, native to central and eastern North America.


white turtlehead

white turtlehead (countable and uncountable, plural white turtleheads)

Chelone glabra, native to wetlands and moist forests of eastern North America.


black walnut

black walnut (countable and uncountable, plural black walnuts)

Juglans nigra
Juglans nigra#Translingual

Juglans nigra, a tree native to eastern North America.

Queensland walnut
Queensland walnut#English

Synonym of Queensland walnut (“Endiandra palmerstonii”).


Washington hawthorn

Washington hawthorn (countable and uncountable, plural Washington hawthorns)

Crataegus phaenopyrum, native to eastern North America.


firwood

firwood (countable and uncountable, plural firwoods)

From Middle English *firwode, *firrewode, from Old English furhwudu, equivalent to fir + wood.

A wood largely populated with fir trees.


pudhina

Once we made Pudhina Chutney and left it on the grinding stone as we forgot to bring to ^([sic]) the dining table. Next morning we found a rodent quite dead near that stone. It is still a mystery if our Pudhina Chutney was the cause.

2003, Raj Dore, Tandoori Texan Tales, page 218:

In Hotel Vinayaka Muruga, one can order a dosa with none, any, some or all of coconut chutney, pudhina chutney, onion chutney, chilli sauce or red chilli powder. How many possible orders of a dosa are possible?

2009, T. Sengadir, Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics, page 165:


chole

(Indian cooking) Chickpeas, or a curry consisting mainly of chickpeas.


eastern white pine

eastern white pine (countable and uncountable, plural eastern white pines)

Pinus strobus
Pinus strobus#Translingual

A large pine tree native to eastern North America, Pinus strobus.


black cherry

black cherry (countable and uncountable, plural black cherries)

Prunus serotina
Prunus serotina#Translingual


cohoba

A traditional Taino ceremony in which the ground seeds of the cojóbana tree were inhaled in a special pipe, producing a psychedelic effect.


willow oak

willow oak (countable and uncountable, plural willow oaks)


thornless honey locust

thornless honey locust (plural thornless honey locusts)

Gleditsia triacanthos
Gleditsia triacanthos#Translingual

Cultivars of the normally heavily thorned honey locust tree (Gleditsia triacanthos), known variously as Gleditsia triacanthos subsp. inermis (subspecies), Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis (variety), or Gleditsia triacanthos f. inermis (form).


American wild plum

American wild plum (countable and uncountable, plural American wild plums)

A tree of species Prunus americana, native to eastern North America, or its fruit.


swamp chestnut oak

swamp chestnut oak (countable and uncountable, plural swamp chestnut oaks)

Quercus michauxii, native to piedmont and lowlands from New Jersey to northern Florida, Texas, and southern Indiana.

Quercus prinus

also and preferrably applied to the chestnut oak


bald cypress

bald cypress (countable and uncountable, plural bald cypresses)

Taxodium distichum
Taxodium distichum#Translingual

Taxodium distichum, deciduous conifer trees native to often-flooded areas of the southeastern and south central parts of the United States.


eastern hemlock

eastern hemlock (countable and uncountable, plural eastern hemlocks)

Tsuga canadensis
Tsuga canadensis#Translingual

Tsuga canadensis, native to the northeastern United States, adjoining areas of Canada, extending to Minnesota and Northern Michigan, and the Appalachian mountains.


Shumard oak

Shumard oak (countable and uncountable, plural Shumard oaks)

Named after Benjamin Franklin Shumard, US scientist.

Any of species Quercus shumardii, native to much of southeastern and east south central United States.

Schneck oak(Please check if this is already defined at target. Replace {{vern}} with a regular link if already defined. Add novern=1 if not defined.)


black haw viburnum

Viburnum prunifolium, native to eastern and east south central United States.


black haw

black haw (countable and uncountable, plural black haws)

One of several woody plants of a few species, especially of Viburnum, all native to North America:

Sideroxylon lanuginosum, also native to Mexico.

Viburnum lentago
Viburnum lentago#Translingual


southern arrowwood

Viburnum dentatum, native to eastern North America.


inkberry holly

inkberry holly (countable and uncountable, plural inkberry hollies)


black chokeberry

black chokeberry (countable and uncountable, plural black chokeberries)

Aronia melanocarpa, native to temperate and cool eastern North America.


red osier dogwood

red osier dogwood (countable and uncountable, plural red osier dogwoods)

Cornus sericea
Cornus sericea#Translingual

A dogwood shrub of species Cornus sericea, native to northern North America.


gray dogwood

gray dogwood (countable and uncountable, plural gray dogwoods)

Cornus racemosa, native to north central, northeastern United States and adjacent Canada.


mulukhiyah

Limya is preparing mulukhiyah this morning, something she ate nearly every day when she lived in Sudan. It's a stew made of lamb and the mulukhiyah leaf, also known as mallow, popular in Middle Eastern cooking.

2011, Lynne Christy Anderson, Breaking Bread: Recipes and Stories from Immigrant Kitchens:

Corchorus olitorius
Corchorus olitorius#Translingual

Corchorus species, particularly jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius), used as a vegetable in Middle Eastern and North African cuisine, which can be boiled into a mucilaginous broth.


African mahogany

African mahogany (usually uncountable, plural African mahoganies)

An African tree with wood resembling mahogany, as from:

Genus Afzelia of the family Fabaceae (legumes), especially Afzelia africana.


redtwig

redtwig (countable and uncountable, plural redtwigs)

A plant of the species Cornus sericea, native throughout northern and western North America from Alaska east to Newfoundland, south to Durango and Nuevo León in the west, and Illinois and Virginia in the east.


Italian honeysuckle

Italian honeysuckle (countable and uncountable, plural Italian honeysuckles)

Italian woodbine (Lonicera caprifolium).


ice-cream bean

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-ice-cream bean.wav

Inga edulis, a sweet South American fruit used in making caxiri.


spotted bee balm

Monarda punctata, found in Quebec, Ontario, eastern and south-central United States, California, and northeastern Mexico.


pale touch-me-not

pale touch-me-not (countable and uncountable, plural pale touch-me-nots)

Impatiens pallida
Impatiens pallida#Translingual

Impatiens pallida, native to eastern North America.


musk mallow

musk mallow (countable and uncountable, plural musk mallows)

Vervain mallow (Malva alcea), native to southern and eastern Europe and southwestern Asia.


cow vetch

cow vetch (countable and uncountable, plural cow vetches)

A plant of species Vicia cracca, native to Europe and Asia.


early saxifrage

early saxifrage (countable and uncountable, plural early saxifrages)

Micranthes virginiensis, native to eastern North America.


kahikatoa

Leptospermum scoparium
Leptospermum scoparium#Translingual

(New Zealand) Leptospermum scoparium, the manuka.


woodland blue phlox

woodland blue phlox (countable and uncountable, plural woodland blue phloxes)

A plant of the species Phlox divaricata, native to eastern and central North America.


lyreleaf sage

A plant of the species Salvia lyrata, native to warm-temperate eastern North America.


star grass

star grass (countable and uncountable, plural star grasses)

Any of several grasses or grass-like plants:

Cynodon and Chloris spp., grasses in the subtribe Eleusininae of the Poaceae, especially Bermuda grass, Cynodon dactylon.

Cynodon dactylon
Cynodon dactylon#Translingual

Aletris spp., flowering plants in the family Nartheciaceae.

Callitriche spp., flowering plants in the family Plantaginaceae.

Hypoxis spp., flowering plants belonging to the family Hypoxidaceae.


rattail crassula

A plant of the species Crassula muscosa, native to South Africa.


damson plum

damson plum (countable and uncountable, plural damson plums)

A deciduous tree, Prunus insititia, native to Eurasia and related to the plum.

Syzygium cumini
Syzygium cumini#Translingual

Syzygium cumini, jambul, native to south Asia.

Chrysophyllum oliviforme, the satinleaf.


money plant

Any of several plants with seeds, pods, fruit, or foliage that resemble coinage.

Pachira aquatica, a tropical wetland tree, native to Central and South America.known by a variety of common names including


spotted touch-me-not

spotted touch-me-not (countable and uncountable, plural spotted touch-me-nots)

Impatiens capensis
Impatiens capensis#Translingual

A plant of the species Impatiens capensis, native to North America, naturalized elsewhere.


eggs and bacon

Lotus corniculatus
Lotus corniculatus#Translingual

common birdsfoot trefoil, (Lotus corniculatus)


ashling

At that time, the interior was choaked up with rubbish, several feet above the present surface, and overspread with ashlings, alders, and trees, the growth of such situations, to a very considerable height.


pencil pine

Cupressus sempervirens
Cupressus sempervirens#Translingual

Cupressus sempervirens, a cypress native to the eastern Mediterranean region and widely planted as an ornamental.


aescin

Aesculus hippocastanum
Aesculus hippocastanum#Translingual

A mixture of saponins with anti-inflammatory, vasoconstrictor and vasoprotective effects, found in Aesculus hippocastanum, the horse chestnut.


dillweed

dillweed (countable and uncountable, plural dillweeds)

Compound of dill + weed. From Old English dili (“dill”).

Vinegar and Pickles (kraut, cucumber, dillweed, tomato, cauliflower and onion).

1909, Missouri Railroad, Warehouse Commission, Annual Report, page 413:

Anethum graveolens
Anethum graveolens#Translingual

(uncountable) Dill, an aromatic herb used in cooking and medicine; Anethum graveolens.


floodgum

The paperbarks and floodgums that shroud us look eerie and ethereal in the silver light, and I find myself matching Jasper's step.

2009, Craig Silvey, Jasper Jones, Allen & Unwin, page 5:

(Australia) The flooded gum, Eucalyptus rudis.


bastard mahogany

bastard mahogany (plural bastard mahoganies)

(Australia) Any of various eucalypts with hard wood, especially Eucalyptus botryoides.

(Caribbean) A tree of the soapberry family, Matayba apetala.


forest mahogany

forest mahogany (plural forest mahoganies)

Eucalyptus camaldulensis
Eucalyptus camaldulensis#Translingual

River red gum (Eucalyptus spp., esp. Eucalyptus camaldulensis).


iron gum

(Australia) Any of various eucalypts of eastern Australia known for their hard wood.


marlock

(Australia) Any of various small eucalypts of southwest Australia.


orange gum

An Australian tree of species Angophora costata syn. Angophora lanceolata.


ribbon gum

(Australia) Any of various eucalypts whose bark peels off in ribbons, especially the manna gum, Eucalyptus viminalis.


river gum

If you wait under the rivergum where those up-to-no-good Mission-bred kids accidentally hanged Cry-baby Sally, the tip of the dead branch points to where you will see how the serpent's breath fights its way through in a tunnel of wind […].

2006, Alexis Wright, Carpentaria, Giramondo, published 2012, page 2:

Any of various eucalypts that grow on riverbanks, especially the river red gum, Eucalyptus camaldulensis.


rose gum

Any of various eucalypts having rose-coloured bark or wood, especially Eucalyptus grandis.


meon

From Ancient Greek μῆον (mêon), probably from μεῖον (meîon, “lesser”) for its small size.

Meum athamanticum
Meum athamanticum#Translingual


xylaloe

The same difficulty may be brought against the opinion of those who are for rendering ahalim, by the wood of aloe, called agalloch or xylaloe.

1824, Thomas Mason Harris, The Natural History of the Bible:

(obsolete, very rare) Synonym of agalloch (“aromatic, resinous wood”)


thunbergia

/θʌnˈbɜːrdʒiə/

Named after Carl Peter Thunberg, a Swedish botanist.

Also, quamoclits fit well into window boxes, especially when paired with other vines such as thunbergia, and they will cascade over a wall or spread over the ground, low shrubs and rocks.

1990, Jennifer Bennett, Turid Forsyth, The Harrowsmith annual garden:

(botany) Any member of the genus Thunbergia of flowering plants.

susanna

any member of the genus Thunbergia of flowering plants


urucum

Martius found most dressed in bits of clothing, their hair wildly tangled and their faces dyed red with urucum.

2006, William Bryant, The Birds of Paradise: Alfred Russel Wallace: a Life, page 67:

They paint them, or at least parts of them, with urucum (reddish) plant dye or even their own blood if there are no urucum plants nearby.

2012, Daniel Everett, Language: The Cultural Tool, Profile, published 2013, page 122:

Bixin results from lycopene oxidation and it is the main carotenoid found in the seed coat of urucum fruits (Bixa orellana L.), which is cultivated in tropical countries of South and Central America, Africa and Asia.

2013, Uchoa et al., ‘Antioxidant Properties of Singlet Oxygen Suppressors’, in Natural Antioxidants and Biocides from Wild Medicinal Plants, p. 78


silky oak

silky oak (countable and uncountable, plural silky oaks)

If you drive north from Sydney to Brisbane you come to a natural border, some way south of the political one, where the first bunyas and hoop-pines and silky oaks begin to appear.

1998, David Malouf, A First Place, Vintage, published 2015, page 164:

(countable) Any of various trees and large shrubs in the family Proteaceae, especially Grevillea robusta or Cardwellia sublimis.

ivory silky oak Hicksbeachia pinnatifolia


MacNab cypress

MacNab cypress (plural MacNab cypresses)

Cupressus macnabiana, a cypress found only in California.


almander

From Middle English almander, almaunder, from Old French almandier, a modification of amandier. See almond.


fluellin

fluellin (countable and uncountable, plural fluellins)

From Welsh llysiau Llewellyn, literally Llewellyn's herbs.

There is another sort of Lluellin which has longer branches wholly trailing upon the ground two or three foot long and sometimes more, thinner set with leaves thereon, upon small footstalks.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged:

Round-leaved female fluellin, or speedwell. It grows among the corn, flowering in July or August, in England.

1770, Charles Alston, Lectures on the Materia Medica, Lecture LVII:

(obsolete) Any of various varieties of Veronica, especially Veronica officinalis; speedwell.


black ash

Any tree of species Fraxinus nigra, native to much of eastern Canada and the northeastern United States.


Antonovka

She looked at some apples, turned a few over, took a whiff of some others, but just couldn't make up her mind which to buy — it was as though her whole fate depended on it. She finally spied some golden ones with the fragrance of champagne — smooth round Antonovkas. And above them was the smiling, golden face of a Korean farmer.

2003, David Shraer-Petrov, Jonah and Sarah: Jewish Stories of Russia and America, Syracuse University Press, →ISBN, page 10:

It was easy: a quick jump over a low stone wall, a dash past a few rows of berry bushes, and there it was— the cursed tree with its absurd apples. Large poison-green spheres with deeply scalloped bottoms: Antonovkas. They were a good eating apple, but Jarmo had no interest in them.

2004, Sven A. Linholm, Orbits. Volume I : on Becoming a Man : a Novel, Trafford Publishing, →ISBN, page 70:

With the appearance of scab races 6 and 7, major attention has been focused on other scab resistance factors, particularly the “Antonovka” selections and apple genotype R12740-7A (“Russian seedling”, RS), which are currently used in several apple-breeding programs.

2011, Chittaranjan Kole, Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources: Temperate Fruits, Springer Science & Business Media, →ISBN, page 56:

An apple cultivar, noted for a strong acidic flavour and ability to sustain harsh winters.


flamingo flower

flamingo flower (plural flamingo flowers)


horsetail pine

A pine tree, Pinus massoniana, native to a wide area of central and southern China, including Hong Kong and Taiwan, and northern Vietnam.


mogra

mogra (countable and uncountable, plural mogras)

There were strings of mogra and marigolds hanging from the frame of the bed.

1997, Kiran Nagarkar, Cuckold, HarperCollins, published 2013, page 44:

Jasminum sambac
Jasminum sambac#Translingual

(chiefly South Asia) Arabian jasmine (Jasminum sambac, syn. Mogorium sambac).


tulsi

tulsi (usually uncountable, plural tulsis)

Borrowed from Hindi तुलसी (tulsī), from Sanskrit तुलसी (tulasī).

It was a long, long time since I had been to Rohala and while I recalled some of the rooms and the courtyard with the fountain and the tulsi plant, I had no memories of the exterior of the house I was looking for.

1997, Kiran Nagarkar, Cuckold, HarperCollins, published 2013, page 157:

Ocimum tenuiflorum
Ocimum tenuiflorum#Translingual


lotus seed

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-lotus seed.wav

Nelumbo nucifera
Nelumbo nucifera#Translingual

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

Any of the seeds derived from the plants in the genus Nelumbo, particularly the species Nelumbo nucifera, as used in East Asian cuisine, traditional Chinese medicine and Chinese desserts.

ကြာစေ့

seed from the plants in the genus Nelumbo


parijat

‘What are you betting?’ I looked out of the window. ‘The flowers from the parijat tree.’

1997, Kiran Nagarkar, Cuckold, HarperCollins, published 2013, page 355:

In order to completely carry out this bartā, she required a flower from the parijāt tree, a tree that does not grow in the heavenly city of Indra.

2008, Michael Charles Baltutis, The Festival of Indra, page 220:

She turned away and cleared the parijat flowers from the stone edge of the pool with a wet hand.

2013, Indu Sundaresan, The Indu Sundaresan Collection:

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis#Translingual

(India) night jasmine (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis).


bogwort

Vaccinium myrtillus
Vaccinium myrtillus#Translingual

Any of species Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry or whortleberry plant).


brotherwort

From Middle English brotherwort, from Old English brōþorwyrt; equivalent to brother + wort.

Mentha pulegium
Mentha pulegium#Translingual


cancerwort

Linaria vulgaris
Linaria vulgaris#Translingual


spurwort

Sherardia arvensis, a flowering plant in the Rubiaceae family.


moorwort

moorwort (usually uncountable, plural moorworts)


hoodwort

A plant, Scutellaria galericulata, the common skullcap.


heathwort

heathwort (countable and uncountable, plural heathworts)


hillwort

Calamintha nepeta, a perennial herb in the mint family.


toothache tree

Aralia spinosa
Aralia spinosa#Translingual


unicorn plant

Any of certain species of the flowering plant genus Proboscidea.


cupressaceous

Relating to cypress trees (of the family Cupressaceae)


gobstopper tree

gobstopper tree (plural gobstopper trees)

A tree of the species Salacia arenicola (family Celastraceae), the seeds of which chimpanzees find worth sucking on for hours before spitting them out.


sweet lemon

sweet lemon (countable and uncountable, plural sweet lemons)

Any of several plants that produce fruit resembling lemon or lime, but less acidic than lemon.

A plant of the species Citrus medica (syn. Citrus limetta) or its fruit.

Citrus medica
Citrus medica#Translingual

Citrus limetta
Citrus limetta#Translingual


snow gum

A toppled snow gum blocks the track and Jack stands aside while M hacks a step into both sides of the giant log.

1999, Julia Leigh, The Hunter, Faber & Faber 2012, p. 16

On they went, crawling and tottering across the dolerite mountains of the Central Highlands and scattering kangaroos and wombats that looked back at them from between the snow gums.

2004, Nicholas Shakespeare, In Tasmania, Harvill Press, p. 78

(Australia) Any of various eucalypts associated with snowy areas, especially Eucalyptus pauciflora, a flowering shrub of southeastern Australia and Tasmania occurring either side of the snowline; and Eucalyptus coccifera of subalpine Tasmania.


banj

1992, Krishna Murti Gupta, Mirabehn, Mira Behn, Gandhiji's Daughter Disciple: Birth Centenary Volume
Whereas when they pass down slowly deep into the soil, they replenish the springs and river sources which are of such vital importance to agriculture in the dry season But why are the Banj forests disappearing so fast?

While chir pine had better growth yield than banj oak. the dry mass in both the species increased with the increasing nutrient and moisture status of soil. Response breadth values were wider for chir pine than banj oak on each of the nutrient and moisture gradient.

1993, Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy: Biological sciences:

Banj oak on risers also had significantly higher stem density (P<0.0001, P< 0.0001), height (P<0.0001, P<0.0001), and diameter (P=0.00324, P<0.0001) than chir pine growing on the flats and risers, repsectively. ^([sic])

Banj (Quercus leucotrichophora) is the most common oak, while chir (P. roxburghii) is the dominant pine. […] In a given watershed, chir pine generally occupies ridge tops, southern aspects and is more common in wide valleys, while banj dominates the base of slopes, northern aspects and narrow valleys.

2007, Kristiina A. Vogt, Forests and Society: Sustainability and Life Cycles of Forests in Human Landscapes, CABI, →ISBN, page 48:

The total soil carbon across all the forest types ranged from 166.2 to 240.7 tonnes per hectare, the highest being in the dense mixed banj oak forest of Dhaili, which is located at the base of the slope, and the lowest being in the degraded […]

2012, Margaret Skutsch, Community Forest Monitoring for the Carbon Market: Opportunities Under REDD, Routledge, →ISBN, page 129:

(countable) Quercus leucotrichophora, a type of oak.


jessamy

The word's second sense is from a man's use of a particular perfume, most likely jasmine-scented.


Japanese cedar

Cryptomeria japonica
Cryptomeria japonica#Translingual

A conifer of species Cryptomeria japonica, the only species of the genus Cryptomeria.


phalsa

cog

Sanskrit परूषक (parūṣaka, “phalsa tree”)

Grewia asiatica, a shrub or small tree native to southern Asia.


zygophyllaceous

(botany) Of or relating to the family Zygophyllaceae of bean-capers, caltrops, and related plants.


sasanqua

From Japanese 山茶花 (sazanka), pre-WWII spelling: sazankwa さざんくわ.

A camellia, Camellia sasanqua, native to China and Japan.


China doll

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-China doll.wav

Stereotypes of East Asians in the United States

An Asian tree or shrub grown for its glossy foliage in warm climates and elsewhere as a container plant, Radermachera sinica.


bay nut

California laurel
California laurel#English

A peppernut (edible seed of a California laurel).


algarrobilla

From Spanish algarrobilla, diminutive of algarrobo (“carob”).

Astringent resinous husks and seeds of several species of leguminous trees or shrubs of South America, which are an article of commerce for their value in tanning and dyeing

(by transfer) Shrubs and trees that yield this product, especially:


rose apple

Angophora costata, a common woodland and forest tree of Eastern Australia.

Any of various Syzygium species or their fruit, especially:

Syzygium jambos
Syzygium jambos#Translingual

Syzygium malaccense
Syzygium malaccense#Translingual

Syzygium malaccense, the Malay rose apple.

Syzygium samarangense
Syzygium samarangense#Translingual

Syzygium samarangense, the Semarang rose-apple or wax jambu.


queen olive

A superior kind of olive grown in Spain. It is large and oblong, with a small but long pit and a delicate flavour, and is cured when green.

(loosely) Any olive of similar character.


jumbie bead

Of jumbie + bead. The initial portion is apparently from Kongo zumbi (“fetish, spirit”) or Kimbundu nzumbi (“god”). Compare zombie.

“Dat too much. You pick de jumbie bead by de wayside, and run piece o’ string through dem, an’ you chargin’ me four dallaz? You got to be crims-crams. You crims-crams?” I asked.

2007, Sislyn Peters, Undocumented Citizen, page 179:

In the Eastern Caribbean, Abrus seeds (Jumbie beads, John Crow beads in Jamaica) are made into necklaces and bracelets to serve as protection against Jumbies and malevolent forces.

2012, Robert Wyndham Nicholls, The Jumbies’ Playing Ground, page 12:

Abrus precatorius
Abrus precatorius#Translingual

A jequirity bean, the seed of the jequirity plant (Abrus precatorius) used in beadwork or making percussion instruments.


Norfolk dumpling

en-noun

Norfolk dumpling (plural Norfolk dumplings)

A kind of boiled dumpling made in Norfolk, England.


gingelly

gingelly (countable and uncountable, plural gingellies)

From Hindi [Term?] or Marathi [Term?], ultimately from Arabic جِلْجِلَان (jiljilān).

An experiment was carried out to study the effect of paper mill effluent on germination and growth behaviour of crops like maize, groundnut, sunflower, soyabean, black gram, green gram, gingelly [sesame] and castor beans in Tamil Nadu, India [date not given].

2000, P Dhevagi, G Oblisami, “Effect of paper mill effluent on germination of agricultural crops.”, in Journal of Ecobiology, volume 12, number 4:

The surfactant showed comparatively high emulsification index over Gingelly oil at the rate of 71%.

2012, CR Suresh Chander, T Lohitnathm DJ Mukesh Kumar, PT Kalaichelvan, “Production and characterization of biosurfactant from Bacillus subtilis MTCC441 and its evaluation to use as bioemulsifier for food bio-preservative”, in Advances in Applied Science Research, volume 3, number 3:

Cultural conditions for the production of lipase by Aspergillus niger strain MTCC 2594 by solid-state fermentation using gingelly oil cake were standardized.

1998 June, NR Kamini, JGS Mala, R Puvanakrishnan, “Lipase production from Aspergillus niger by solid-state fermentation using gingelly oil cake”, in Process Biochemistry, volume 33, number 5:


mesquite bean

They caught fish from the river and snared a few rabbits in the desert, but lived mainly on mesquite beans, the hearts of yucca plants, and the fruits of the cactus

1895, J[ohn] W[esley] Powell, chapter I, in Canyons of the Colorado, Meadville, PA: Flood & Vincent; republished as The Exploration of the Colorado River and Its Canyons, New York: Dover, 1961, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 27:


waddywood

waddywood (countable and uncountable, plural waddywoods)

An Australian tree, Pittosporum bicolor.


Madeira wood

A West Indian leguminous tree (Lysiloma latisiliquum) whose wood is used for boat trimming.


ambary

Hibiscus cannabinus
Hibiscus cannabinus#Translingual

A fiber plant (Hibiscus cannabinus), whose fiber is used for making various items, including rope, canvas and paper.


palo blanco

From Spanish, literally "white stake" or "white pole".

A Mexican mimosaceous tree (Lysiloma candidum) whose bark is used in tanning.


coumarou

From Old Tupi kumarú (“tree”), with the spelling coming through French coumarou.

Dipteryx odorata
Dipteryx odorata#Translingual

The tree Dipteryx odorata, which bears the tonka bean.


coyotillo

From Spanish coyotillo; diminutive of coyote, which is able to eat its poisonous fruit without harm.

A low rhamnaceous shrub (Karwinskia humboldtiana) of the southwestern United States and Mexico, with poisonous berries.


flannel flower

The texture of the downy hairs is supposed to resemble flannel.

Actinotus helianthi, an Australian flowering plant whose stem, branches and leaves are pale grey and covered in downy hair.


hajilij

They dug a grave in the shade of a hajilij tree.

2012, Steve Kemper, A Labyrinth of Kingdoms: 10,000 Miles Through Islamic Africa:

The tree Balanites aegyptiaca, from which zachun is derived.


bibiru

A tropical South American tree, Chlorocardium rodiei, the greenheart.


Egyptian clover

Trifolium alexandrinum, an annual clover cultivated mostly in irrigated subtropical regions.


berseem

berseem (countable and uncountable, plural berseems)


China rose

Chinese hibiscus
Chinese hibiscus#English

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis#Translingual

Synonym of Chinese hibiscus, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis.


wait-a-while

Originally after South African Dutch wacht-en-beetje; compare wait-a-bit.

In the new clearing by the creek where he had felled most of the big stuff, she attacked the landscape with anger, grubbing out the wait-a-while and bush-sword that was still guzzling round the stumps.

1979, Thea Astley, Hunting the Wild Pineapple, Nelson, page 136:

(Australia) Any of several thorny Australian vines or shrubs which impede passage, especially Acacia cuspidifolia of Western Australia, Smilax australis of eastern Australia and the Northern Territory, and lawyer vine.


night-blooming jasmine

night-blooming jasmine (countable and uncountable, plural night-blooming jasmines)

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis#Translingual

A shrub or small tree whose intensely fragrant blossoms open at dusk and fade by morning (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis)

night-blooming cestrum (Cestrum nocturnum).


poet's jasmine

poet's jasmine (usually uncountable, plural poet's jasmines)

Jasminum officinale
Jasminum officinale#Translingual

A vine with intensely fragrant white flowers, used to make perfume, Jasminum officinale.


Arabian jasmine

Arabian jasmine (plural Arabian jasmines)

Jasminum sambac
Jasminum sambac#Translingual

A shrubby vine with flowers whose fragrance is used for perfume and flavoring (Jasminum sambac), the jasmine used to make jasmine tea.

فُلّ

Jasminum sambac, a shrubby, fragrant vine


pikake

From Hawaiian pīkake, itself from English peacock.


royal jasmine

Jasminum grandiflorum
Jasminum grandiflorum#Translingual

A viny shrub with fragrant white flowers used in perfume, Jasminum grandiflorum.


flowering ash

Fraxinus ornus
Fraxinus ornus#Translingual

An ash tree native to southern Europe and southwest Asia, Fraxinus ornus


Culver's root

The root of the herb Veronicastrum virginicum, used as a cathartic and emetic.

culverkeys

Fraxinus excelsior; Aquilegia vulgaris, Scilla nutans; Primula veris, Orchis mascula


Spanish cedar

A tree in the chinaberry family, taxonomic name Cedrela odorata


ground elder

Aegopodium podagraria
Aegopodium podagraria#Translingual

A perennial plant in the carrot family Apiaceae, native to Eurasia; Aegopodium podagraria.


cobra lily

From the resemblance of the flower to the hood of a cobra. (None of these plants are true lilies.)

A carnivorous plant native to northern California and southern Oregon, Darlingtonia californica


rainbow plant

In reference to the attractive appearance of their mucilage-covered leaves in bright sunshine.

Any of the Australian carnivorous plants in the genus Byblis.


California pitcher plant

California pitcher plant (plural California pitcher plants)

The cobra lily, Darlingtonia californica.


basil thyme

An aromatic herb, Clinopodium acinos (syn. Acinos arvensis)


Cuban oregano

Cuban oregano (usually uncountable, plural Cuban oreganos)

A tropical succulent herb with a flavor similar to thyme or oregano, Plectranthus amboinicus (Coleus amboinicus or Coleus aromaticus in older references)


thunder god vine

thunder god vine (plural thunder god vines)

Approximate translation of the Chinese 雷公藤 (léigōngténg).

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

A plant found in China, Tripterygium wilfordii, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine.


Indian hawthorn

Indian hawthorn (plural Indian hawthorns)

An ornamental shrub in the family Rosaceae, Rhaphiolepis indica


mare's tail

Any plant of various species with inflorescences resembling a horse's tail.

Any of the water plants in the genus Hippuris,

Hippuris vulgaris
Hippuris vulgaris#Translingual

especially Hippuris vulgaris, common mare's tail;

Conyza canadensis, an annual weed also known as horseweed and Canadian fleabane;

Equisetum spp., fern allies also known as horsetail and pipeweed.


rice paddy herb

rice paddy herb (usually uncountable, plural rice paddy herbs)

An herb in the family Plantaginaceae used in Southeast Asian cooking, Limnophila aromatica


buck's horn plantain

buck's horn plantain (plural buck's horn plantains)

A species of plantain with toothed or divided leaves (Plantago coronopus).


buckshorn plantain

buckshorn plantain (plural buckshorn plantains)

buck's horn plantain
buck's horn plantain#English

Alternative form of buck's horn plantain


Bristol whitebeam

Bristol whitebeam (plural Bristol whitebeams)

A species species of whitebeam, native to the Avon Gorge and surrounding area.


Honeycrisp

From honey + crisp, originally a trademark.


buttonwillow

(US) A shrub with round flower heads found near water in California, the Eastern US, and Central America, Cephalanthus occidentalis.


heavenly bamboo

heavenly bamboo (countable and uncountable, plural heavenly bamboos)

An Asian ornamental shrub in the family Berberidaceae, with foliage and unbranched stems that somewhat resembles one of the smaller bamboos, Nandina domestica.


inkwood

Hypelate trifoliata, a small tree in the soapberry family, native to extreme southern Florida and islands of the Caribbean. It has trifoliate leaves and produces small flowers in early summer.


biscuitroot

biscuitroot (countable and uncountable, plural biscuitroots)

A perennial member of the carrot family, canyonlands biscuitroot reproduces by seed and cloning. An individual biscuitroot clump includes many clones.

2013, David Williams, Naturalist's Guide to Canyon Country, page 49:

Any of a number of North American plants in the genus Lomatium with edible, starchy roots.


deervetch

New World legumes in genera in tribe Loteae, family Fabaceae.

Aeschynomene, especially Aeschynomene virginica.


miraa

Now that people are no longer making money from miraa, they do not have money to buy food

2015 June 27, Jacqueline Kubania, “How Britain's khat ban devastated an entire Kenyan town”, in The Guardian:


tourist tree

From the fancied resemblance of the peeling, papery red bark to the sunburned skin of tropical tourists.


Indian almond

Terminalia catappa
Terminalia catappa#Translingual

A tropical tree grown for its edible fruit, almondlike nuts, and as an ornamental shade tree, Terminalia catappa.


white mangrove

A tropical tree native to coastal mangrove habitats on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, Laguncularia racemosa.

Avicennia marina, principally native to the shores of the Indian Ocean.


tropical almond

tropical almond (plural tropical almonds)


Rangoon creeper

Rangoon creeper (plural Rangoon creepers)

Combretum indicum
Combretum indicum#Translingual

A large tropical vine with red flowers (Combretum indicum), native to India and Southeast Asia, where it has been widely used in traditional medicine.


Chinese honeysuckle

Chinese honeysuckle (countable and uncountable, plural Chinese honeysuckles)

traditional medicine
traditional medicine

A tropical vine used in traditional medicine (Combretum indicum).

使君子

a tropical vine used in traditional medicine, the Rangoon creeper, Combretum indicum


combretum

Borrowed from translingual Combretum, from Latin combrētum.

Any of a number of tropical trees and shrubs in the genus Combretum.


bushwillow

Any of a number of tropical trees and shrubs in the genus Combretum, many of which superficially resemble willows.


leadwood

And then the nights in the camp, the meat strung up in the trees and the heavy leadwood logs burning as high as a house.

1978, André Brink, Rumours of Rain, Vintage, published 2000, page 353:

A southern African tree with exceptionally hard and dense wood, Combretum imberbe


arjuna

Terminalia arjuna
Terminalia arjuna#Translingual

A tree native to India and used in ayurvedic medicine, Terminalia arjuna


beleric myrobalan

beleric myrobalan (countable and uncountable, plural beleric myrobalans)

A tree native to India and used in ayurvedic medicine of species Terminalia bellirica


chebulic myrobalan

chebulic myrobalan (countable and uncountable, plural chebulic myrobalans)

Terminalia chebula
Terminalia chebula#Translingual

A tree native to southern Asia with edible fruit and which is used in traditional medicine, Terminalia chebula.


prickly ash

Any of a number of trees and shrubs in the genus Zanthoxylum containing Sichuan pepper and the American Midwest invasive species.


white sapote

A Mexican and Central American fruit tree, Casimiroa edulis


Amur cork tree

Phellodendron amurense
Phellodendron amurense#Translingual

A large Asian tree with corky bark, grown ornamentally in colder climates and used in traditional Chinese medicine (Phellodendron amurense).


Hercules' club

Either of two not closely related trees with thorny bark:

Aralia spinosa
Aralia spinosa#Translingual

A toothache tree (Zanthoxylum clava-herculis).


fraxinella

A fragrant herb in the rue family, Dictamnus albus


gas plant

A fragrant perennial in the rue family, Dictamnus albus, that gives off so much volatile essential oil that it sometimes can be lit and will burn briefly without harming the plant.


Cape chestnut

An African flowering tree often planted as an ornamental (Calodendrum capense)


bushrue

An aromatic shrub native to California, Cneoridium dumosum


curry tree

Murraya koenigii
Murraya koenigii#Translingual

A tree (Murraya koenigii), related to citrus, native to South Asia and used for flavoring in the local cuisines.


curry leaf

The leaf of the curry tree, Murraya koenigii, which is used in Indian and Thai cooking (but not in curry powder).


buckberry

The huckleberry, Gaylussacia ursina, found in the Southern United States.


makrut lime

From Thai มะกรูด (má-grùut) + English lime.

A type of Southeast Asian lime with small, fragrant fruits, and the leaves of which are used in cooking for their citrus flavor.


rainbow eucalyptus

rainbow eucalyptus (plural rainbow eucalyptuses)

A tree of the species Eucalyptus deglupta with striking coloured streaks on its bark, native to New Guinea, Mindanao, and islands off Southeast Asia.


Cape honeysuckle

Cape honeysuckle (usually uncountable, plural Cape honeysuckles)

An African shrub grown in warmer climates for its colorful honeysuckle-like flowers, Tecoma capensis


trumpet vine

A North American vine grown for its abundant trumpet-shaped flowers, Campsis radicans


sausage tree

A large African tree with fruits that look like sausages, Kigelia africana.


trumpet creeper

trumpet creeper (plural trumpet creepers)

A large flowering vine, the trumpet vine, Campsis radicans


hummingbird vine

hummingbird vine (plural hummingbird vines)

A flowering vine that attracts or provides nectar for hummingbirds

Any of several species of flowering vine known for attracting hummingbirds:


trumpet tree

Any of several trees with trumpet-shaped flowers:

Tabebuia aurea (Caribbean trumpet tree or silver trumpet tree), native to the South American mainland

Tabebuia heterophylla (pink trumpet tree), native to Caribbean islands


bower vine

A flowering vine native to Australia and grown as an ornamental in warmer climates, Pandorea jasminoides


garlic vine

Any of a number of vines in the family Bignoniaceae with foliage that smells like garlic when crushed, especially:


candle tree

Senna alata, of the family Fabaceae, native to Mexico.


desert willow

Any of several species of willow that grow in desert regions

Other trees or shrubs that have willow-like leaves or weeping habit:


yellow bells

A yellow-flowered shrub native from the southern US to Central America, Tecoma stans


yellow trumpetbush

yellow trumpetbush (plural yellow trumpetbushes)


yellow elder

Tecoma stans (yellow bells, yellow trumpet flower)


crossvine

A flowering vine native to the southeastern US, Bignonia capreolata (sometimes misidentified as Bignonia crucigera in older books).


coffeeberry

A shrub with glossy green leaves and bright red fruits that look like those of the coffee tree, native to the far western edge of North America, from Oregon to Baja California, Frangula californica


raisin tree

Any East Asian deciduous tree, of genus Hovenia, with glossy leaves and edible fruits that can be dried like raisins.


lotebush

A shrub native to dry, scrubby areas in the southwestern US and Mexico, with thorny branches and an edible fruit, Ziziphus obtusifolia


gendarussa

This is a male contraceptive pill based on the active ingredient of gendarussa, a shrub native to Indonesia, where the drug has been developed.

2015 July 6, Ann Robinson, “Pills, thrills and polymer gels: what's the future for male contraception?”, in The Guardian:

willow-leaved justicia
willow-leaved justicia

The willow-leaved justicia (Justicia gendarussa).


jatoba

jatoba (countable and uncountable, plural jatobas)

Hymenaea courbaril
Hymenaea courbaril#Translingual

Courbaril, a South American tree, Hymenaea courbaril


Paraná pine

A South American pine-like conifer with edible nuts and valuable wood, Araucaria angustifolia


Brazilian pine

Synonym of Paraná pine (“Araucaria angustifolia”)


star pine

The Norfolk Island pine, Araucaria heterophylla


Norfolk Island star pine

Norfolk Island star pine (plural Norfolk Island star pines)

Sexton, who died in 1917, did considerable pioneer experimenting with avocadoes, traveling to Hawaii to do research into the "alligator pear." […] He was also the nurseryman who introduced the rare Norfolk Island (star) pine to Santa Barbara in 1874.

1972 Winter, Walker A. Tompkins, “Joseph Sexton establishes pampas plume industry”, in Noticias, volume 18, number 4, Santa Barbara: Santa Barbara Historical Society, →ISSN, page 19:

Thoughts for your Island Christmas next year. The beautiful and symmetrical Norfolk Island Star Pine makes a lovely Christmas tree.

1980 January 2, George Campbell, “It's the "season" … but which one??”, in Sanibel-Captiva Islander, volume 20, number 1, Sanibel, →OCLC, page 2:

You see the first dinosaurs in a forest of giant trees. Some of the trees reach 250 feet into the air. The trees are vaguely familiar, closely resembling Monkey Puzzles and Norfolk Island Star Pines.

1994, Vincenzo Costa, Dinosaur Safari Guide, Stillwater: Voyageur Press, →ISBN, page 146:

The Norfolk Island pine, Araucaria heterophylla.


mockernut

Carya tomentosa, a common North American hickory bearing large nuts with only a small edible part.


puncture vine

Tribulus terrestris
Tribulus terrestris#Translingual

A creeping weed with strong thorns on its fruits capable of puncturing bicycle tires, Tribulus terrestris.


dhania

All can find a stall selling something familiar – and maybe something new to try, whether it’s yams or plantain, dhania or jellied eels.

2015 July 10, “Saving our city centres, one local market at a time”, in The Guardian:


flat peach

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-flat peach.wav

Flat peach of China—Cultivated more for the singularity of its form than for anything else. It is, however, well adapted for forcing in pots.

1855, Charles McIntosh, The Book of the Garden, volume 2, William Blackwood and Sons, page 508:

Prunus persica subsp. platycarpa#Translingual

A subspecies or variety of peach Prunus persica subsp. platycarpa, with white flesh and a flattish, round shape.


bean-caper

especially Zygophyllum fabago (Syrian bean-caper), native to Asia and Eastern Europe, introduced and invasive in arid regions elsewhere.


coral bells

From coral (adjective) + bells, from the orange-pink colour and flared shape of its flowers.

Various cultivars of purple-leaved Heuchera (coral bells), crimson-leaved annuals such as Solonostemon 'Red Carpet' (coleus), Alternanthera dentata 'Rubiginosa' (alternanthera), and the splendid shrublike annual Euphorbia cotinifolia (red spurge)—these dark reds help carry the eye around a planting bed or along the front of a border.

2009 August 25, Lynden B Miller, Parks Plants and People: Beautifying The Urban Landscape, W. W. Norton & Company, →ISBN, page 100:

Although conspicuous, the flowers of Heuchera are somewhat beside the point. Also called coral bells, the plant’s foliage is regarded as its raison d’être, brightening dark garden corners with yellow, white, copper, coral, purple, red or pink, often ruffled leaves.

2024 November 12, Jessica Damiano, “There are flowers too? Some plants prized for foliage surprise gardeners with late-season blooms”, in Associated Press:


polka-dot plant

polka-dot plant (plural polka-dot plants)

A tropical plant native to Madagascar but grown elsewhere as a house plant for its ornamental pink- or white-spotted leaves, Hypoestes phyllostachya


black mangrove

A tree or woody shrub common in swampy salt-water areas along the Atlantic tropical coasts of Africa and South America, extending north into the Pacific tropics, and into the Gulf Coast and South Florida in North America (Avicennia germinans)


shrimp plant

A tropical Mexican shrub, Justicia brandegeeana, grown ornamentally for the colorful bracts surrounding its flowers.


chuparosa

From Mexican Spanish chuparrosa (“hummingbird”).

A flowering desert shrub, Justicia californica, native to southern California, Arizona, and northern Mexico.


garden chervil

Pliny the Elder commented in the first century A.D. that “chervil was a fine herb to comfort the cold stomach of the aged,” and Nicholas Culpeper similarly reports in seventeenth century that “the garden chervil doth moderately warm the stomach . . . it is good to provoke urine, or expel the stone in the kidneys, to send down women's courses and to help the pleurisy and prickling of the sides.”

2008, Jack Staub, quoting Nicholas Culpeper, 75 Exceptional Herbs for Your Garden, Gibbs Smith, →ISBN, page 51:

Anthriscus cerefolium
Anthriscus cerefolium#Translingual

The umbelliferous plant Anthriscus cerefolium.

maustekirveli

Anthriscus cerefolium — see also chervil


alder buckthorn

alder buckthorn (plural alder buckthorns)

Frangula alnus
Frangula alnus#Translingual

A deciduous shrub, Frangula alnus, native to Europe and neighboring areas of Asia and Africa, bearing glossy leaves, flowers in sessile umbels, and inedible red berries that turn black when ripe, and historically used as a laxative and to produce dyes.


asparagus pea

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-asparagus pea.wav

A legume, Lotus tetragonolobus (synonym Tetragonolobus purpureus), with bright red flowers and edible seedpods that superficially resemble those of the winged bean.


black caraway

black caraway (usually uncountable, plural black caraways)

Nigella sativa
Nigella sativa#Translingual

A Middle-Eastern spice plant related to buttercups, Nigella sativa, with dark black, aromatic seeds.

cr̀njika (used in Serbia in the form cr̀nika for the holm oak)


black cumin

black cumin (countable and uncountable, plural black cumins)

A spice plant with aromatic seeds (Nigella sativa).

Bunium bulbocastanum
Bunium bulbocastanum#Translingual

A spice plant related to cumin with dark seeds and an edible root (Bunium bulbocastanum).

Cuminum cyminum
Cuminum cyminum#Translingual

A cultivated variety of cumin (Cuminum cyminum).


bacoside

(organic chemistry) Any of a family of triterpenoid saponins found in the plant Bacopa monnieri


wharangi

(New Zealand) Melicope ternata, a coastal shrub or small tree in the Rutaceae family, native to New Zealand.


choisya

I use roses and grasses such as stipa, sweet william and tulips, with structural stuff such as the evergreen shrubs choisya and danae.

2015 July 25, Naomi Slade, “How does your garden grow? Kevin Martin, Glyndebourne, East Sussex”, in The Guardian:

(botany) Any of the genus Choisya of aromatic evergreen shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae.


wongshy

Gardenia jasminoides
Gardenia jasminoides#Translingual

(obsolete) An Asian tree, Gardenia jasminoides.


ground pine

ground pine (countable and uncountable, plural ground pines)

Any of several plants, none of which are true pines:

Ajuga, a genus of herbaceous flowering plants in the mint family Lamiaceae, with most species native to Europe, Asia, and Africa; also, specifically:

Ajuga chamaepitys
Ajuga chamaepitys#Translingual

Ajuga chamaepitys (yellow bugle), native to Europe, the eastern part of the Mediterranean, and North Africa

Lycopodium, a genus of clubmosses in the family Lycopodiaceae, a family allied to the ferns, specifically:

Lycopodium obscurum (princess pine), native to eastern North America

Lycopodium clavatum
Lycopodium clavatum#Translingual

stag's-horn clubmoss
stag's-horn clubmoss

Lycopodium clavatum (stag's-horn clubmoss, running clubmoss)


bitter almond

Prunus amygdalus
Prunus amygdalus#Translingual

A tree of the species Prunus amygdalus (order Rosales).

A tree of the species Brabejum stellatifolium (order Proteales).


California sycamore

California sycamore (plural California sycamores)


Mexican beech

A beech tree of the species Fagus mexicana (syn. of Fagus grandifolia subsp. mexicana)


lehua

Here were the three tents overshadowed by the great lehuas, still brilliant with their cardinal blossoms.

1910, The Hawaiian Forester and Agriculturist, page 165:

The outlandishness of the capers in this first season might surprise viewers who remember “Hawaii Five-0” as “Dragnet” with lehua blossoms.

2007 April 29, Greg Evans, “‘Dragnet’ With Leis, and the Occasional Ghost”, in New York Times:

After breakfast, she looked forward to the bouquet of red lehua blossoms and other flowers brought to her every day.

2012, Julia Flynn Siler, Lost Kingdom, Grove Press, page 222:

The flower or wood of a Polynesian tree (Metrosideros collina); the tree itself.


mossy saxifrage

mossy saxifrage (countable and uncountable, plural mossy saxifrages)

Saxifraga bryoides, a saxifrage found in the Arctic tundra and on European mountain ranges at high altitudes.


cupuassu

Borrowed from Portuguese cupuaçu, from Nheengatu kupuasú, from Old Tupi kupu'yûasu.

A tropical fruit tree related to cacao, Thebroma grandiflora, the source of an edible fruit whose seeds can be used like cocoa beans.


miombo

miombo (countable and uncountable, plural miombos)

Borrowed from Bemba miombo, plural of muombo.

(countable) Any tree of the genus Brachystegia, native to tropical Africa


sweet clover

sweet clover (usually uncountable, plural sweet clovers)

A plant of any species in the genus Melilotus.


bell heather

Erica cinerea
Erica cinerea#Translingual

A species of heather, native to western and central Europe, Erica cinerea; heather-bell


mimosoid

A comparison of the mimosoid nodulating strains reveals that UYPR1.413 has the largest genome (10.4 Mbp), with the highest KOG count (1670) and the lowest GC (65.28 %) percentage in this group.

2015 June 4, Sofie E De Meyer et al., “High-quality permanent draft genome sequence of the Parapiptadenia rigida-nodulating Burkholderia sp. strain UYPR1.413”, in Standards in Genomic Sciences, volume 10, →DOI:

Any plant of the leguminous subfamily Mimosoideae


field maple

Acer campestre
Acer campestre#Translingual

A maple tree of the species Acer campestre.


Swiss pine

A pine tree of the species Pinus cembra, native to alpine Europe, North Africa, and western Asia.


arolla pine

A pine tree of the species Pinus cembra, native to alpine Europe


mursalski

Fortunately the Rhodope region is renowned for the longevity and good health of its inhabitants and, at the Triibria hotel, the owner, Nevse, brought out all the secrets of Rhodopean vitality: ironwort tea; mursalski, renowned for anti-inflammatory properties; then patatik, a potato-based Rhodopean favourite, filled with cheese and herbs collected on the mountain.

2015 August 22, Kevin Rushby, “The great east European road trip part three: hiking in Bulgaria”, in The Guardian:

The ironwood plant Sideritis scardica or the Bulgarian mountain tea made from it


mountain tea

mountain tea (countable and uncountable, plural mountain teas)


philadelphus

No garden can afford to neglect the philadelphuses, because not only are the flowers full of refinement and beauty, but often most fragrant and arrive in June and July when the chief flowering period of shrubs is over.

1952, Charles Cuthbert Eley, Twentieth century gardening, page 167:

(botany) Any of the genus Philadelphus of shrubs.


phlomis

Any of the genus Phlomis of herbaceous plants


bird's-eye maple

So a dear little book-case was bought, also of bird’s-eye maple, and a pretty little work-table, with a low chair to match.

1904, Carolyn Wells, “Shopping”, in Patty at Home, New York, N.Y.: Dodd, Mead & Company, →OCLC, page 58:

The two staterooms are similarly treated; the walls are panelled in bird's eye maple, with light mahogany mouldings, and the furniture is in sycamore and mahogany.

1947 January and February, “South African Royal Train”, in Railway Magazine, page 47:

More to the point of this place than the crags and glens on the dining-room wall are the two fine colour prints of clipper ships in frames of birdseye maple.

1976, Angela Carter, “My Father's House”, in Shaking a Leg, Vintage, published 2013, page 21:

Maple wood with small eye-like markings, valued for use in decorative woodwork.


singhara

From Hindi सिंघाड़ा (siṅghāṛā), from Sanskrit शृङ्गाट (śṛṅgāṭa, “water caltrop”), from शृङ्ग (śṛṅga, “horn”).

bor

Hindi सिंघाड़ा (siṅghāṛā)


burclover

en-noun

burclover (countable and uncountable, plural burclovers)

Any of various European and North African herbs of the genus Medicago.


European ash

Fraxinus excelsior
Fraxinus excelsior#Translingual

The common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), native to most of Europe.


silver maple

Acer saccharinum
Acer saccharinum#Translingual

A maple tree of the species Acer saccharinum, native to eastern North America, with leaves having a very pale underside.


kigelia

They found these seeds and painted faces on them,” she says, picking up a long sausage-like fruit fallen from the kigelia trees.

2015 August 29, “Childhood freedoms at heart of a wild life under African skies”, in The Guardian:

The African flowering plant Kigelia africana, sole species in its genus in the family Bignoniaceae.


jarul

(India) Lagerstroemia speciosa, a flowering plant native to tropical southern Asia.


lignaloe

lignaloe (countable and uncountable, plural lignaloes)


Japanese spikenard

Japanese spikenard (plural Japanese spikenards)

An upright herbaceous perennial plant, Aralia cordata, growing up to 2 to 3 metres in height and native to Japan, Korea, and eastern China.


Spanish jasmine

Spanish jasmine (countable and uncountable, plural Spanish jasmines)

Jasminum grandiflorum
Jasminum grandiflorum#Translingual

A species of jasmine, Jasminum grandiflorum, native to much of subtropical Asia and eastern Africa.


ajuga

Ajuga reptans
Ajuga reptans#Translingual

Any plant in the genus Ajuga, especially the ornamental ground cover Ajuga reptans.


ambatch

ambatch (usually uncountable, plural ambatches)

Likely borrowed from an Ethiopian language.

A large shrub or small tree found in and around water in the African tropics, Aeschynomene elaphroxylon, formerly used to make rafts due to its extremely lightweight wood.


Enola bean

Named after the wife of the man who patented it in 1999.


European cornel

European cornel (plural European cornels)

A dogwood tree of the species Cornus mas, native from France to Azerbaijan.


dawn redwood

A large deciduous conifer native to China, of species Metasequoia glyptostroboides, a well-known living fossil.


fern pine

Any plant now or formerly in the genus Podocarpus.


yew pine

Picea mariana
Picea mariana#Translingual

An evergreen tree or shrub with long, narrow leaves, native to China and Japan, of species Podocarpus macrophyllus, widely grown for its attractive foliage.

(Appalachia) A red spruce, of species Picea abies (syn. Picea rubra).


plum pine

(chiefly Australia) Any of a number of plants in the family Podocarpaceae which have plum-like fruits and narrow leaves reminiscent of pines


plum yew

Any of the east Asian trees and shrubs in the genus Cephalotaxus.

Any of the conifers in the genus Prumnopitys.


nutmeg yew

Certain of the trees and shrubs in the genus Torreya, which are related to yew, but have fruits with large seeds that resemble nutmegs.


harmala alkaloid

harmala alkaloid (plural harmala alkaloids)

Peganum harmala
Peganum harmala#Translingual

(organic chemistry) Any of various alkaloids of similar chemical structure, including harmine, harmaline, and harmalol, that function as MAOIs and are found in the seeds of Peganum harmala.


orthosiphon

Any herbaceous shrub of the genus Orthosiphon


Japanese andromeda

Japanese andromeda (plural Japanese andromedas)

Pieris japonica
Pieris japonica#Translingual

A plant, Pieris japonica, native to eastern China, Taiwan, and Japan where it grows in mountain thickets.


emu bush

Any of the Australian desert shrubs in the genus Eremophila, which have fruits that are eaten by emus.


orangeberry

Glycosmis pentaphylla
Glycosmis pentaphylla#Translingual

A shrub native to Australia and Southeast Asia, related related to citrus and having small pink, citrus-like fruits, Glycosmis pentaphylla.


gin berry

a plant of the species Glycosmis pentaphylla


shipova

Propagated into the US 1959 from Yugoslavia—1986 again from Macedonia as smokvarka / смокварка (smokvarka)—, which itself has only grafts descending from a single tree described 1834 in the Parisian Jardin du Roi, as the hybrid’s fruits are mostly sterile. Given that the Serbo-Croatian accent is imitated in the current pronunciation, we can be confident to say that this word is from the Serbo-Croatian descendant of Proto-Slavic *šipъ used itself or in derivatives to refer to rosaceous plants + *-ovъ (suffix used to form relative adjectives) + *-a (feminine ending)

His latest book, “Landscaping With Fruit” (Storey, 2009), dives into the world of the little-known lingonberry, clove currant, maypop, shipova, hardy kiwi and other fruits that are easy to grow, he says, and as delicious as they are ornamental.

2009 May 21, Anne Raver, “From Novel Fruits, a Lush Landscape”, in New York Times:

Pyrus communis
Pyrus communis#Translingual

A sweet edible fruit, a hybrid of the European pear (Pyrus communis) and the common whitebeam (Aria edulis, syn., Sorbus aria).

Jardin des plantes
Serbo-Croatian accent
shipova

shipover

so written by some nurseries in their catalogues


dove tree

A Chinese tree grown ornamentally for the large white bracts around the flowers, which are said to resemble dove wings or handkerchiefs, Davidia involucrata.


handkerchief tree

handkerchief tree (plural handkerchief trees)

The dove tree, Davidia involucrata, which has large white bracts said to look like handkerchiefs


ghost tree

The dove tree, Davidia involucrata, which has large white bracts resembling white sheets like those used to represent ghosts.


woodvamp

(Southern US) A large deciduous vine or ground-cover related to the hydrangeas, with fragrant white flowers, native to the southeastern US, Decumaria barbara.


tie bush

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

A toxic Asian shrub in the family Thymelaeaceae, Wikstroemia indica, used as a source of fiber and as a remedy in traditional Chinese medicine.


hart's pennyroyal

An annual mint native to the western Mediterranean and the Azores, Mentha cervina, having a similar scent and other properties to pennyroyal.


Corsican mint

Corsican mint (usually uncountable, plural Corsican mints)

A low-growing, moss-like species of mint with a pennyroyal fragrance, Mentha requienii, native to Italy, Corsica and Sardinia, and which is grown as an ornamental ground cover and traditionally used in crème de menthe.


pineapple mint

A variegated cultivar of apple-scented mint, Mentha suaveolens.


English lavender

English lavender (usually uncountable, plural English lavenders)

Lavandula angustifolia
Lavandula angustifolia#Translingual

Common lavender (Lavandula angustifolia).


Oregon myrtle

Oregon myrtle (usually uncountable, plural Oregon myrtles)

Umbellularia californica
Umbellularia californica#Translingual

The California laurel (Umbellularia californica), especially when referring to the wood.


neinei

The plant Dracophyllum latifolium from New Zealand.


cupressineous

en-adj

cupressineous (comparative more cupressineous, superlative most cupressineous)

more cupressineous (comparative)
most cupressineous (superlative)


Szechuan lovage

Ligusticum striatum
Ligusticum striatum#Translingual

Ligusticum striatum (syn. Oreocome striata), chuanxiong.


kadam

Cf. Bengali কদম (kodom), corruption of Sanskrit कदम्ब (kadamba).

Kinaram made the elephant sit under a large kadam tree.

2011, Arupa Patangia Kalita, translated by Deepika Phukan, The Story of Felanee, translation of original in Assamese:

Neolamarckia cadamba
Neolamarckia cadamba#Translingual

(India) A tropical evergreen tree, Neolamarckia cadamba (syn. Anthocephalus indicus, Nauclea cadamba), native to South and Southeast Asia.


sewali

His attention was drawn by the sewali flowers blooming with small, soft, white petals, fluttering in the mild air.

2000, Kamaleswar Sarma, Raghunath Choudhury, page 5:

Near the goxai ghar there was a sewali in full bloom. A few flowers fell from the tree.

2002, Snigdhamalati Neog, transl., A handful of sand, page 108:

The fragrance of the white carpet of flowers under the flowering sewali shrub spoke of its origin and reminded her of the old woman Kali.

2011, Arupa Patangia Kalita, translated by Deepika Phukan, The Story of Felanee:

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis#Translingual

(India) Night jasmine (Nyctanthes arbor-tristis).


Braeburn

Named after Braeburn Orchard, Nelson, New Zealand, where the variety was first developed.

A red crispy apple originating in New Zealand.


persoonia

For example, in the south-east and south-west of Australia we see spectacular, independent species radiations within the plant family Proteaceae, including banksias, grevilleas and persoonias.

2009, Mike Calver, Environmental Biology, page 130:


zebra plant

Any of several species of tropical plants with contrasting patterns of light and dark on their leaves, which are grown as houseplants, especially:

Calathea zebrina (syn. Goeppertia zebrina)


geebung

From Dharug geebung, possibly also from Wiradjuri jibbong.


kakabeak

From kaka + beak, from the resemblance to the beak of the bird.

(New Zealand) Any of various flowering plants in the genus Clianthus.


crazyweed

en-noun

crazyweed (countable and uncountable, plural crazyweeds)


rewarewa

(New Zealand) Knightia excelsa, an evergreen tree of New Zealand, with leathery leaves and red flowers.


ruellia

(botany) Any member of the genus Ruellia of flowering plants.


bamiyeh

The principal are beans, peas, vetches, lentils (whereof a pottage is made, which is the common food of the Nile boatmen), lupins, chick-peas, the lubia (Dolichos labia), fenugreek, mallows, the bamiyeh (Hibiscus esculentus), spinach, purslain, melookheeyeh (Corchorus olitorius), leeks, onions, garlic, celery, parsley, chicory, cress, radishes, carrots, turnips, colocasium, lettuce, cabbage, fennel, gourds and cucumbers (both of several kinds), the tomata, the egg-fruit or bádingan (black and white), caraway, coriander, cumin, aniseed, and red pepper.

1855, “Egypt”, in Thomas Stewart Traill, editor, The Encyclopaedia Britannica, page 431:

It generally consists, for the most part, of "yakhnee," or stewed meat, with chopped onions, or with a quantity of "bámiyehs," or other vegetables; "ḳáwurmeh," or a richer stew, with onions; "waraḳ maḥshee," or vine-leaves, or bits of lettuce-leaf or cabbage leaf […]

1871, Edward William Lane, An Account of the Manners and Customs of the Modern Egyptians:

Sometimes also a small piece of mutton, buffalo, camel, or goat flesh has been procured, with which the soaked bamiyehs or the viscous-juiced, spinach-like moluchieh are cooked.

1878, C. B. Klunzinger, Upper Egypt: Its People and Its Products:

The chief members of the expedition, officers, clerks, and I myself, were provided once daily with kisra and boiled bamiyeh by Arab hospitality, but the poor carriers and their belongings had to go fasting.

1890, Wilhelm Junker, Travels in Africa During the Years 1875-1886, volume 1, page 413:

Hibiscus esculentus
Hibiscus esculentus#Translingual

(obsolete) okra, Hibiscus esculentus, as grown in Egypt.


Aleppo gall

The gall produced by the leaves of the Aleppo oak, Quercus infectoria, in response to the larvae of a species of gall wasp, Cynips quercusfolii, and which has been harvested for thousands of years as a concentrated source of tannins for use in high-quality inks, in medicine, etc.


Aleppo oak

A small oak native to Greece and Asia Minor, Quercus infectoria, best known for the galls on its leaves that are harvested as a source of tannins.


ipos

From Shasta ip'-haws (“Perideridia spp tubers”).

der

The tuber of any one of several edible species of Perideridia spp.


charro bean

From Spanish charro (“cowboy”) (or English charro, from that Spanish word), due to the association of the beans and of charro bean soup with Mexican cowboys.

A pinto bean, as used in Mexican cooking, especially as used to make charro bean soup (a hearty, spicy, smoky soup flavoured with bacon).


osha

Unknown; presumably from a Native American language.

A perennial herb of species Ligusticum porteri, found in parts of the Rocky Mountains and northern Mexico.


unzoki

After an AAP of 20–98 days, each adult individual was transferred to a healthy yuzu, tankan mandarin, unzoki, or orange jessamine seedling for an IAP of 4–23 days.

2015 September 25, “Changes in Variable Number of Tandem Repeats in ‘ Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus’ through Insect Transmission”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(rare) A type of mandarin (of species Citrus keraji)


bulletwood

en-noun

bulletwood (countable and uncountable, plural bulletwoods)

From bullet + wood, presumably from its hardness.

Manilkara bidentata
Manilkara bidentata#Translingual

A tropical hardwood tree of species Manilkara bidentata, grown commercially in Puerto Rico.


burao

Overhead was a thatch of buraos, and over these again palms brandished their bright fans, as I have seen a conjurer make himself a halo out of naked swords.

1896, Robert Louis Stevenson, In the South Seas:

Tiares, hibiscuses, frangipani and flowered buraos smile to those who return and are not the least bit surprised by their faithfulness.

1978, Patrick O'Reilly, Painters in Tahiti, →ISBN, page 26:

There was a particular tree, the burao, used for fencing and the construction of indigenous huts, which had the ability to recover whatever the treatment it received.

2002, Brian J. Bresnihan, Keith Woodward, Tufala Gavman, →ISBN, page 331:

Talipariti tiliaceum
Talipariti tiliaceum#Translingual

Hibiscus tiliaceus
Hibiscus tiliaceus#Translingual

A tropical flowering tree, cottonwood hibiscus (Talipariti tiliaceum, syn. Hibiscus tiliaceus), found in the South Pacific.


candlewood

Dacryodes excelsa, a tree native to Puerto Rico.


cheesewood

cheesewood (countable and uncountable, plural cheesewoods)

Nauclea orientalis (Leichhardt tree, yellow cheesewood, Canary cheesewood).


shii tree

A tree, Castanopsis cuspidata, native to southern Japan and southern Korea.


ipil

A Philippine and Pacific island tree (Intsia bijuga) yielding a valuable brown dye and having a very hard and durable dark wood.


three sisters

A calque from an Iroquoian language, compare Mohawk áhsen nikontatenò:sen, Oneida áshʌnaɂtekutahnú·tele, and Onondaga ahsę́ naˀdegųdęhnų́·dæ·ˀ.
First attested in 1850 in the context of Iroquoian mythology (see quote below). Use in reference to the plants themselves first attested in the 1890s (see also below).

One beautiful idea relates to the corn, beans and squashes, all indigenous plants which are called three sisters as well as their life or supporters. The thought is a happy one, for they grow together, and were always important in Indian life.

[1892, William M. Beauchamp, “Iroquois Stories”, in The Iroquois Trail, or Footprints of the Six Nations, […] , Fayetteville: H. C. Beauchamp, →LCCN, page 128:

The three sisters work together as companion plants in many ways. Growing wide-spreading pumpkin vine among vertically oriented corn and beans saves space.

2012, Gail Damerow, The Perfect Pumpkin: Growing/Cooking/Carving, Storey Publishing, →ISBN, page 56:

She gave me specifics on what to plant and the layout of the garden. Traditional Native American plants, heirloom varieties only, no GMOs allowed. Use the three sisters approach for planting corn, squash and beans, ilito onions would ring the interior of the fence and sunflowers would stand tall.

2012, Kathleen O’Dwyer, Breathing Blue: Giving my life to Spirit and Spirit to my life, AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 151:

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris#Translingual

(US, Canada, agriculture, horticulture) The combination of maize (corn), pole beans (Phaseolus vulgaris or climbing beans, string beans, etc.), and squash (i.e. pumpkin), especially when planted together in intertwined plantings.


noli me tangere

noli me tangere (plural noli me tangeres)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-noli me tangere.wav

/-ˌmeɪ ˈtɑnd͡ʒəɹeɪ/

Antonio da Correggio
Jesus
Mary Magdalene
Museo del Prado
Vulgate

PIE word
 *ne
From Middle English noli me tangere, noly me tangere (“skin disease of the face; bad-tempered person who should be avoided; personification of wrath”), a learned borrowing from Late Latin nōlī mē tangere (literally “do not touch me”), from Latin nōlī (“do not”) + mē (“me, myself”) + tangere (the present active infinitive of tangō (“to grasp; to touch”)). The phrase is recorded in John 20:17 of the Vulgate, a 4th-century Latin translation of the Bible, as having been spoken to Mary Magdalene by Jesus shortly after his resurrection outside his tomb. The original phrase was the Koine Greek μή μου ἅπτου (mḗ mou háptou, “stop clinging to me”).
Senses 2–5 refer to the literal meaning of the phrase. For example, in the case of sense 4 (“any of various plants with fruits or seed capsules that, when ripe, burst open and discharge their seeds when touched, or with leaves that fold and droop when touched”), the name alludes to the assumption that the plants do not wish to be touched, and react by exploding their fruits or closing their leaves if this happens.

ref

From the collection of the Museo del Prado in Madrid, Spain.

noncog

μή μου ἅπτου

asia josta pysyä loitolla

someone or something to be avoided or not interfered with

kosketusherkkä kasvi

There are only tvvo ſpecies of this genera uſually cultivated in the Engliſh gardens, both annuals; one is the Noli me tangere, or Touch-me-not, eſteemed more for the ſingularity of it's elaſtic capſules than beauty of its flovvers […]

1778, Thomas Mawe, John Abercrombie, “IMPATIENS, Touch-me-not, and Balsamine, or Balsam”, in The Universal Gardener and Botanist; or, A General Dictionary of Gardening and Botany. […], London: […] G[eorge] Robinson, […]; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, column 1:

Any of various plants with fruits or seed capsules that, when ripe, burst open and discharge their seeds when touched, or with leaves that fold and droop when touched.

Some plants of the genus Impatiens; specifically, the touch-me-not balsam or yellow balsam (Impatiens noli-tangere).

häpykannus

plant of the genus Impatiens — see also impatiens


lebbek

Forsskål’s 1775 Flora Ægyptiaco-Arabica recorded the Arabic لَبَخ (labaḵ) as læbach, leæba (page 172), lebbek (page LI, LXXVII), which Willdenow’s 1797 edition of Linnæi Species plantarum made translingual as Acacia lebbeck.

Albizia lebbeck
Albizia lebbeck#Translingual

Carl Linnaeus
Forsskål
Species Plantarum


mahua

When the Mannewars, another forest tribe of the Central Provinces, pick the flowers of the mahua tree (Bassia latifolia), they worship the tree and offer it some of the liquor distilled from the new flowers, along with a fowl and a goat.

1911, James George Frazer, The Golden Bough, volume 8, page 119:

Madhuca longifolia
Madhuca longifolia#Translingual

Madhuca longifolia, a fast-growing Indian tropical tree cultivated for its oleaginous seeds.


massaranduba

/ˌmæsəɹænˈduːbə/

Borrowed from Brazilian Portuguese maçaranduba, from Tupian.

The famous polo de vaca, or "cow-tree" of South America, called massaranduba by the natives, belongs to the natural order of the Atrocarpads, which, by what might appear a curious coincidence, includes also the celebrated bread-fruit.

1882, “A vegetable cow”, in The Iowa Normal Monthly; A Magazine Devoted to Education, volume 6, Dubuque, Iowa: Iowa Normal Monthly Pub. Co., →OCLC, page 422:

The massaranduba is not the only species known as palo de vaca, or cow-tree. There are many others so called, whose sap is of a milky nature.

1867, [Thomas] Mayne Reid, Afloat in the Forest, or, A Voyage among the Tree-tops, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor and Fields, OCLC 9379166; republished New York, N.Y.: T. R. Knox, 1884, OCLC 24617541, page 157

Then the huge reddish trunks of massarandubas began to slide past us, their lofty crowns matting together so thickly that they seemed to make a solid roof.

2005, Arthur O[lney] Friel, “The Tailed Men”, in Amazon Nights: Classic Adventure Tales from the Pulps, [Holicong, Pa.]: Wildside Press, →ISBN, page 97:

A tropical hardwood tree, Manilkara bidentata.


lemon-lime

The Lemon Lime, or Sweet Lemon, is larger than the preceding, of an oblong roundish shape, with protuberances at the point, which is in some cases also puckered.

1858, Robert Hogg, The Vegetable Kingdom and Its Products, page 140:

Perhaps this is the place to recall the rise and fall of the so-called Perrine lemon, the hybrid lemon-lime which was introduced by the U. S. Department of Agriculture about 1931 in the hope that it might enable Florida to compete directly with California for the lemon trade.

1950, Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Florida State Horticultural Society:

"There are many varieties of citrus including sweet and sour oranges, lemons, limes, lemon-limes, calomondin and pomelo."

1989, Robert Earle Johannes, Traditional Ecological Knowledge: A Collection of Essays:


satinflower

(South Africa) Plants in the genus Geissorhiza.

Any of various flowering plants:
Plants in the genus Geissorhiza.


snailflower

Cochliasanthus caracalla, a leguminous vine of South and Central America, whose fragrant flowers have a distinctive curled shape.


Ichang papeda

Citrus cavaleriei, a slow-growing species of Citrus, with characteristic lemon-scented foliage and flowers.


water hemlock

en-noun

water hemlock (countable and uncountable, plural water hemlocks)

A plant of any of the species in genus Cicuta, all highly poisonous and easily confused with other non-toxic forage plants.


native fuchsia

(Australia) Any of several flowering plants resembling typical species of Fuchsia


bisnaga

bisnaga (countable and uncountable, plural bisnagas)

Visnaga daucoides
Visnaga daucoides#Translingual

A plant in the celery family (Visnaga daucoides, syn. Ammi visnaga) grown for its seeds, which have been used as an herbal medicine.


beauty bush

Linnaea amabilis, a deciduous flowering shrub in the family Caprifoliaceae.


beetleweed

Galax urceolata, an evergreen herbaceous perennial plant native to the southeastern United States.


bergenia

Any of the genus Bergenia of flowering plants in the family Saxifragaceae.


bryophyllum

/ˌbɹaɪəˈfɪləm/

(botany) Any of the genus Bryophyllum of plants in the family Crassulaceae.


bubinga

bubinga (usually uncountable, plural bubingas)

Any of several species of large trees of tropical Africa.

Primarily a wetland wood, bubinga thrives in swamps, inundated forests and near rivers and lakes. An equally well-known bubinga includes species Guibourtia demeusei, Guibourtia pellegriniana, and Guibourtia tessmannii. All bubingas are members of the Leguminosae family but go by various commercial names.

1988, Wood and Wood Products, volume 93:


wild thyme

wild thyme (countable and uncountable, plural wild thymes)

Thymus serpyllum
Thymus serpyllum#Translingual

A flowering plant in the mint family, of species Thymus serpyllum.

zhumbricë

species of flowering plant in the mint family