catalpa

* A variant of catawba that originated when Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, the describing botanist, incorrectly transcribed the name.
* Sometimes alternatively said to derive from Creek kvtvrpv.

Any tree of the genus Catalpa, in the family Bignoniaceae. The two North American species, the southern catalpa, Catalpa bignonioides, and the northern catalpa, Catalpa speciosa — along with the yellow catalpa, Catalpa ovata, from China — are often planted as ornamentals because of their showy flowers and decorative bean pods, though others regard the bean pods as a nuisance.


catawba

From Catawba catawba (“catalpa tree”). See also catalpa.

Vitis labrusca
Vitis labrusca#Translingual

The catawba grape, a cultivar of North American Vitis labrusca.

Any of various species of America catalpa trees Catalpa especially (Catalpa bignonioides (southern catalpa) or Catalpa speciosa (northern catalpa).

The catawba rhododendron (Rhododendron catawbiense).


pincushion

/ˈpɪnˌkʊʃn̩/

The noun is derived from pin + cushion. The verb is derived from the noun.

[S]ee how the knowledge of the climate tolerances of one South African shrub, the Saldana pincushion (Leucospermum tomentosum) is integrated with projections of a global circulation model applied to the southern tip of South Africa [...].

2008, Fred Van Dyke, “Biodiversity Conservation and Climate Change”, in Conservation Biology: Foundations, Concepts, Applications, 2nd edition, Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media, →ISBN, section 5.5.2 (Climate Change-Integrated Strategies for Conservation), page 143:

The names of various plants with flowers or other parts resembling a pincushion.

A flowering plant in the genus Leucospermum.

neulaprotea

Scabiosa, often called mourning bride, pincushion flower, and sweet scabious, is an easily grown, old-fashioned, half-hardy annual. It is very attractive and satisfactory both for cutting and for borders and beds.

1950 October, S. L. Emsweller, “Scabiosa”, in Growing Annual Flowering Plants (U.S. Department of Agriculture Farmers’ Bulletin; no. 1171), Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, →OCLC, page 21:

A flowering plant in the genus Scabiosa.

An abundant wildflower following good winter rains, Fremont pincushion [Chaenactis fremontii] features heads composed entirely of white or pinkish disk flowers.

1989 April, Janice Emily Bowers, “Fremont Pincushion”, in 100 Desert Wildflowers of the Southwest, Tucson, Ariz.: Southwest Parks and Monuments Association, published January 1998 (5th printing), →ISBN:

Pebble pincushion [Chaenactis carphoclinia], a delicate annual wildflower with deeply divided leaves, has white or pinkish flowers crowded into heads. If the heads resemble pincushions, then the stamens poking out of the flowers must represent the pins.

1999, Janice Emily Bowers, “Plants by Blossom Color”, in Flowers and Shrubs of the Mojave Desert, Tucson, Ariz.: Southwest Parks and Monuments Association, →ISBN, page 46:

The dustymaiden, a flowering plant in the genus Chaenactis.

Marigold pincushion [Navarretia tagetina], however, is widespread throughout the region except along the coast. [...] In eastern Sacramento County, it grows together with downy pincushion (Navarretia pubescens) in small clearings in blue oak woodland.

2018, Eva Begley, “Flowering Plants: Dicotyledons”, in Plants of Northern California: A Field Guide to Plants West of the Sierra Nevada, Lanham, Md.: Falcon Guides, Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 267, column 2:

The pincushionplant, a flowering plant in the genus Navarretia.


pincushion

en-verb

pincushion (third-person singular simple present pincushions, present participle pincushioning, simple past and past participle pincushioned)

pincushions (present singular third-person)
pincushioning (participle present)
pincushioned (participle past)
pincushioned (past)

/ˈpɪnˌkʊʃn̩/

A monitor is pincushioning when the display appears to have curved sides.

2001, Michael Byrd, Jim Pearson, Robert A. Saigh, “Graphics”, in Handbook of Computer Troubleshooting, Chicago, Ill., London: Glenlake Publishing Company; Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, →ISBN, page 206:

[page 42] Flaps, however, ‘pin cushion’ and develop a convex form as they contract. For this reason, flaps are best used to resurface convex surfaces. A skin graft is best for planar or concave recipient sites. [...] [page 282] As the flap contracts, it pin cushions. This trapdoor effect can contribute to a convex shape.

2009, Frederick Menick, “The Nasal Defect – Understanding the Challenge”; “Restoring Contour – Recreating a Subsurface Architecture”, in Nasal Reconstruction: Art and Practice, [Edinburgh]: Mosby Elsevier, →ISBN, pages 42 and 282:

A circular island flap may pin-cushion. This complication can be avoided with proper planning.

2011 June, Mary Tschoi, Erik A. Hoy, Mark S. Granick, “Skin Flaps”, in Deborah S. Hickman Mathis (guest editor), Nancy Girard, editors, Perioperative Nursing Clinics: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, volume 6, number 2, Philadelphia, Pa.: W. B. Saunders Company, Elsevier, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 180:

pincushion distortion
pincushion distortion

(intransitive) To assume the shape of a pincushion; specifically, of the image on a computer display, television, etc., to exhibit pincushion distortion, where the sides curve inwards.


buckeye

en-noun

buckeye (countable and uncountable, plural buckeyes)

The name stems from Native Americans, who called the nut "hetuck," which means "buck eye" (because the markings on the nut resemble the eye of a deer).

Any of several species of trees of the genus Aesculus.

Aesculus hippocastanum
Aesculus hippocastanum#Translingual

Aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut).

Any of several species of the related Mexican buckeye (genus Ungnadia).

Now there were long periods when he heard nothing except the wind in the trees and the plop of buckeyes on the earth.

1973, Toni Morrison, Sula, Chatto & Windus (1993), page 155:

(US, slang) A native or resident of the American state of Ohio.

Any of species Junonia coenia of butterflies; a common buckeye.


honey plant

I have no doubt that where I live one thousand hives will provide for themselves and gather surplus honey wherever one can. It is not with honey plants, as with other pasturage, which once eaten off takes time and favoring showers to cause a new growth.

1863 September 12, Ellen S. Tupper, “Essay on Bees—1st Premium”, in Tenth Report of the Secretary of the State Agricultural Society, to the Governor of the State, for the Year 1863, Des Moines, Ia.: F. W. Palmer, state printer, published 1864, →OCLC, page 228:

[T]he only reason that buckwheat is considered valuable as a honey plant, is because it blooms generally in dry weather late in the fall, when the difference in the temperature between two o'clock in the day and two o'clock at night is sufficient to favor the production of honey.

1869 September, A. W. Harlan, “Honey Dews in the West and Southwest [From the Keokuk ‘Gate City.’]”, in Samuel Wagner, editor, American Bee Journal, volume V, number 3, Washington, D.C.: Samuel Wagner, →OCLC, page 47, column 1:

There was also another good honey plant that had lately come into notice in his section. The same described in the Bee Journal by him, that comes up in the fall and blooms the next spring, that was the best of honey plants for early spring.

1872, “Proceedings”, in Transactions of the North American Bee Keepers’ Society, at their First Annual Session Held at the City of Cleveland, on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday, December 6–8, 1872, Indianapolis, Ind.: Indianapolis Printing and Publishing House, →OCLC, topic no. 6 (What are the Best Honey Producing Plants?), page 13, column 1:

The lack of literature concerning the tulip-tree as a honey-plant is a serious one and the chief object of this bulletin is to make up this deficiency.

1922 January, E[verett] F[ranklin] Phillips, George S. Demuth, “Peculiarities of the Region”, in Beekeeping in the Tulip-tree Region (Farmers’ Bulletin; no. 1222), Washington, D.C.: United States Department of Agriculture, →OCLC, page 9:

But of late years plows and sheep have made sad havoc in these glorious pastures, destroying tens of thousands of the flowery acres like a fire, and banishing many species of the best honey-plants to rocky cliffs and fence-corners, […]

a. 1914, John Muir, “The Mountains of California”, in Nature Writings: The Story of My Boyhood and Youth; My First Summer in the Sierra; The Mountains of California; Stickeen; Selected Essays (Library of America; 92), New York, N.Y.: Library of America, published 1997, →ISBN, chapter XVI (The Bee-pastures), page 523:

HONEYSUCKLE—Lonicera spp.: […] This introduced, escaped shrub is strikingly overlooked as a major honey plant.

2009, Kim Flottum, “Some of the Better Honey Plants to Know”, in The Backyard Beekeeper’s Honey Handbook: A Guide to Creating, Harvesting, and Cooking with Natural Honeys (Backyard Series), Beverly, Mass.: Quarry Books, Quayside Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 48:

(beekeeping) Any plant from which bees usually collect nectar, pollen, or both for making honey.

hunajakasvi

any plant from which bees usually collect nectar, pollen, or both for making honey

HOYA CORIACEA. Thick leaved Hoya. […] Those of our readers unacquainted with the genus will, perhaps, understand us better by saying, that this is a kind of honey plant, familiar to most persons, with its waxy white flowers, and often grown in windows. The Hoya coriacea appears to be a thicker foliaged plant, stronger in its stem, and perhaps less inclined to become a twiner or creeper than the common honey plant.

1839 May, “Notices of New Plants”, in Robert Marnock, editor, The Floricultural Magazine, and Miscellany of Gardening, volume III, number XXXVI, London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co., […]; Sheffield, South Yorkshire: G. Ridge, page 286:

Hoya carnosa (Thick-leaved).—Foliage large, flowers in large drooping corymbs; they are of a pinkish-white colour, and contain, or rather yield, drops of pure sweet honey; hence this fine old plant is known as the Honey plant.

1855 June 5, T. Appleby, “Plants for Baskets”, in George W. Johnson, Robert Hogg, editors, The Cottage Gardener, and Country Gentleman’s Companion: A Journal of Horticulture, Rural and Domestic Economy, Botany, and Natural History, volume XIV, number CCCXLIX, London: Published for the proprietors, […], →OCLC, page 161, column 2:

The flowers [of the Hoya carnosa] are produced in umbels on short stems sometimes as many as a dozen on a stem; in the centre of each flower there is, as it were, a drop of thick liquid distilled, which if tasted has the luscious flavor of honey; hence the plant in England and Scotland goes under the name of Honey Plant; but quite the reverse in this country, where it is called Wax Plant.

1875 August, Roderick Campbell, “Hoya”, in Thomas Meehan, editor, The Gardener’s Monthly: Devoted to Horticulture, Arboriculture & Rural Affairs, volume XVII (Old Series; volume VIII (New Series)), number 8, Philadelphia, Pa.: Charles H. Marot, publisher, […], page 234, column 1:

Hoya carnosa (honey-plant). Although this is a hot-house plant it can be grown in the window of the sitting-room, and I have grown and flowered it exceedingly well in an ordinary greenhouse; […]

1876, Samuel Wood, “Division III. The Flower Garden.”, in A Plain Guide to Good Gardening: Or How to Grow Vegetables, Fruits, and Flowers: […], 2nd edition, London: Crosby Lockwood & Co., […], →OCLC, book I (Kitchen, Fruit, and Flower Gardens), section 6 (Window Gardening), page 130:

Hoya imperialis […] Honey plant.

2006, “House Plants”, in Dennis R. Pittenger, editor, Retail Garden Center Manual (University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources Publication; 3492), Oakland, Calif.: University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources Communication Services, →ISBN, table 4.3 (Plants for Specific Indoor Gardening Uses), page 66:

(botany) The name of a number of not closely related plants.

A plant of the genus Hoya, especially the porcelainflower or waxplant (Hoya carnosa) from the tendency for excess nectar to drip from its flowers.

Honey-plant [Melissa officinalis L[innaeus] [i.e., Carl Linnaeus] (family Lamiaceae)] contains a very low concentration of essential oil in leaves (0.02–0.2 vol%).

2003, Stjepan Pepeljnjak, Ivan Kosalec, Zdenka Kalodera, Danica Kuštrak, “Natural Antimycotics from Croatian Plants”, in Mahendra Rai, Donatella Mares, editors, Plant-derived Antimycotics: Current Trends and Future Prospects, Binghamton, N.Y.: Food Products Press, The Haworth Press, →ISBN, page 66:

Honey plant [Honey-plant] – Melissa officinalis L., […]

2015, “H”, in Elaine Nowick, compiler, Historical Common Names of Great Plains Plants, with Scientific Names Index, volume 1 (Common Names), Lincoln, Neb.: Zea Books, University of Nebraska–Lincoln Libraries, →ISBN, page 195:

Melissa officinalis
Melissa officinalis#Translingual

A plant of the genus Melissa, especially lemon balm (Melissa officinalis).

English name: Honey Plant […] Species and varieties: Ammi majus L. […]

2004, Azhar Ali Farooqi, B. S. Sreeramu, “Medicinal Crops [Honey Plant]”, in Cultivation of Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, revised edition, Hyderabad, Telangana, India: Universities Press (India), →ISBN, page 156:

Ammi majus Linnaeus […] in English: bishop's flower, bishop's weed, bullwort, crow's foot, devil's carrot, false Queen Anne's lace, greater ammi, herb william, honey plant, lace flower, large bulwort, mayweed, Queen Anne's lace, toothpick ammi

2012, Umberto Quattrocchi, “Ammi L. Apiaceae (Umbelliferae)”, in CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: […], Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, page 244, column 2:

false Queen Anne's lace
false Queen Anne's lace

Bishop's weed or false Queen Anne's lace (Ammi majus).

isosudenporkkana

Ammi majus — see also false Queen Anne's lace


dogwood

dogwood (countable and uncountable, plural dogwoods)

From dag + wood, from dag (“a sharp object”).

Any of various small trees of the genus Cornus, especially the wild cornel and the flowering cornel


kirsch

kirsch (usually uncountable, plural kirsches)

Borrowed from French kirsch, from German Kirschwasser (“cherry water”). Doublet of cerise and cherry.

(often capitalized) A clear brandy made from black cherries: kirschwasser.


black-eyed pea

لُوبِيَاء

cowpea bean, the produce of the aforementioned plant

Vigna unguiculata
Vigna unguiculata#Translingual

An African leguminous plant, of the species Vigna unguiculata, widely cultivated as food and forage, specifically Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata.

لُوبِيَاء

cowpea plant Vigna unguiculata or Vigna unguiculata subsp. unguiculata


blackwood

blackwood (usually uncountable, plural blackwoods)

(countable) Any of several species of trees yielding a very dark wood.

African blackwood (Dalbergia melanoxylon), of Africa

Australian blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon), of eastern Australia

Bombay blackwood (Dalbergia latifolia), of India

Haematoxylum campechianum, a tree from Mexico.


kalamata olive

Among the entrees are skate sautéed with capers and white wine served with puréed potatoes and haricot verts; and oven-cooked rainbow trout with fresh herbs served with cauliflower, kalamata olives and fresh tomato sauce.

2008 June 29, “The World Beats a Path”, in New York Times:

A small-fruited cultivar of olive originating in southern Greece around Kalamata and Mani producing a prized, high-quality oil.


loosestrife

loosestrife (countable and uncountable, plural loosestrifes)

Calque of Ancient Greek λυσιμάχειον (lusimákheion), as if from λύσις (lúsis, “loosening”) + μάχη (mákhē, “battle, strife”).

clq

1919, Ronald Firbank, Valmouth, Duckworth, hardback edition, page 91,
He had a suit of summer mufti, and a broad-brimmed blue beaver hat looped with leaves broken from the hedgerows in the lanes, and a Leander scarf tucked full of flowers: loosestrife, meadowrue, orchis, ragged-robin.

Most loosestrifes thrive in the northern part of the United States and Canada but only a few make good garden plants for the South.

2008, Allan M. Armitage, Herbaceous Perennial Plants, 3rd edition, page 672:

2013, Théodore de Saussure, Jane F. Hill (translator), Chemical Research on Plant Growth, [Recherches chimiques sur la Végétation], page 22,
I grew some peas, loosestrifes, and fleabanes [“inules”] in profound darkness, beneath two identical receptacles filled with atmospheric air.

Any of certain flowering plants of the genera Lythrum and Lysimachia, which are not closely related.


caterpillar tree

en-noun

caterpillar tree (plural caterpillar trees)

Catalpa bignonioides; the southern catalpa, a deciduous tree of family Bignoniaceae growing in Southeastern U.S., which is the host plant for the catawba worms, caterpillars that are popular fishing bait.


Oregon grape

Berberis aquifolium
Berberis aquifolium#Translingual

Mahonia aquifolium
Mahonia aquifolium#Translingual

blue barberry, holly barberry, holly mahonia, mountain-grape

An evergreen shrub (Berberis aquifolium, syn. Mahonia aquifolium) native to the northwestern United States and southwestern Canada, having broadly serrated, glossy leaves and clusters of yellow flowers that develop into dark bluish-purple fruits.


maté

maté (countable and uncountable, plural matés)

Borrowed from Spanish mate, from Quechua mati.

Ilex paraguariensis
Ilex paraguariensis#Translingual

(countable) An evergreen tree, Ilex paraguariensis, native to South America, cultivated for its leaves.


messmate

(Australia) Any of various eucalypts with rough bark, specifically Eucalyptus obliqua.


osmanthus

From João de Loureiro's (1790), translingual Osmanthus (genus of flowering shrubs), from Ancient Greek ὀσμή (osmḗ, “smell”) + ἄνθος (ánthos, "flower"), for the strong scent of the O. fragrans.

Any of several widely distributed evergreen flowering plants, of the genus Osmanthus.


sugar maple

Residents love this trail because of its wet coolness in the summer; its bright orange sugar maples in autumn, the contrast of green pines and white snow in the winter.

2024 December 6, Mackenzie Farkus, Brooke Holder, Nate Iglehart, Jacob Posner, Sophie Ungerleider, “Record drought and blazes? The US Northeast awakens to new wildfire risks.”, in The Christian Science Monitor:

Acer saccharum
Acer saccharum#Translingual

A North American hardwood, Acer saccharum, famed as the source of maple sugar and maple flavoring.


sugar pine

Pinus lambertiana, the largest species of pine, native to California and Oregon; particularly noted for its huge, distinctive cone.


purple loosestrife

purple loosestrife (countable and uncountable, plural purple loosestrifes)

Purple loosestrife arrived early, shaking luxuriant tangled locks along the edge of the mirror whence its own face laughed back at it.

1908 October, Kenneth Grahame, “The Wild Wood”, in The Wind in the Willows, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC, page 48:

From the crest we could see the crest of the next, and upon it three bowers side by side, decked as my own had been with twined lupine, purple loosestrife, and white meadow rue.

1987, Gene Wolfe, chapter LI, in The Urth of the New Sun, 1st US edition, New York: Tor Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 310:

They leave him upon the New Castle Road, standing among the late purple Loosestrife by the Ditch, glancing upward from time to time, waving his Arm,— then growing still, appearing to listen.

1997, Thomas Pynchon, chapter 70, in Mason & Dixon, 1st US edition, New York: Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN, part Two: America, page 686:

Lythrum salicaria
Lythrum salicaria#Translingual

A semi-aquatic herbaceous plant, Lythrum salicaria, having long spikes of purple flowers, native to Eurasia, considered invasive in North America and New Zealand.


redbud

Any of several small trees, of the genus Cercis, having purple-pink flowers that appear before the leaves; the Judas tree.


cornel

From Middle English corneille, borrowed from Middle French corneille, from Vulgar Latin *cornicula, from Latin cornus (“the European cornel”).

Any tree or shrub of the dogwood subgenera, Cornus subg. Arctocrania (syn. Cornus subg. Chamaepericlymenum) or Cornus subg. Cornus, especially Cornus mas, the European cornel.


cornelian cherry

cornelian cherry (plural cornelian cherries)

The cherry-like fruit of the cornel, Cornus mas.


cottonwood

Talipariti tiliaceum
Talipariti tiliaceum#Translingual

Hibiscus tiliaceus
Hibiscus tiliaceus#Translingual

A cottonwood hibiscus (Talipariti tiliaceum, syn. Hibiscus tiliaceus), a flowering shrub or tree in the mallow family.


crape myrtle

Olive cared for a stand of crape myrtles in her backyard because she delighted in butterflies and blossoms.

2018, Tayari Jones, An American Marriage, Oneworld Publications, page 263:

Any of the genus Lagerstroemia, family Lythraceae, shrubs or small trees, certain of which are ornamental, bearing big gaudy blooms.


carling

Alternative form of carline (“old woman”)


carling

Compare French carlingue, which may be from the English.

(nautical) A piece of squared timber fitted fore-and-aft between the deck beams of a wooden ship to provide support for the deck planking.


carling

From care + -ling (synchronically), being connected to the custom of serving these peas to the poor on Care Sunday, called also Carling Sunday after the peas.

A cultivar of field pea or maple pea, dried, soaked, boiled, then fried.


foxglove

From Middle English fox-glove, foxes glove, from Old English foxes glōfa (“foxglove”). By surface analysis, fox + glove.

Jemima alighted rather heavily, and began to waddle about in search of a convenient dry nesting-place. She rather fancied a tree-stump amongst some tall fox-gloves.

1908, Beatrix Potter, The Tale of Jemima Puddle-Duck, New York: Frederick Warne & Co:

I wonder whether the witches would be wearing on their fingers their ornaments of foxglove blossoms, often called witches' bells or harebells, sometimes known as witches' thimbles.

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 258:

There were bunches of wild garlic to keep out evil spirits, foxgloves for healing spells and hemlock and vervain for darker magic.

1971, Richard Carpenter, Catweazle and the Magic Zodiac, Harmondsworth: Puffin Books, page 41:

Digitalis, a genus of about 20 species of herbaceous biennials native to the Old World, certain of which are prized for their showy flowers. The drug digitalis or digoxin was first isolated from the plant.


ylang ylang

ylang ylang (countable and uncountable, plural ylang ylangs)

Via Early Modern Spanish, from Tagalog ilang-ilang, from either ilang (“wilderness”) or ilang-ilan (“rare”).

Cananga odorata
Cananga odorata#Translingual

(countable) The tree (Cananga odorata) on which ylang ylang flowers grow.


greenwood

greenwood (countable and uncountable, plural greenwoods)

From Middle English grene wode (“a forest that is leafed out, a greenwood" also "unseasoned firewood”), equivalent to green + wood.

inh

Within a greenewood ſweet of mirtle ſauor, when as the earth was with fayre flowers reuested, I ſaw a ſhepherd, with his Nymph that reſted, […]

1588, William Byrd, Giovanni Ferretti, composer, Musica Transalpina: Tenor. Madrigales Translated of Foure, Fiue and Sixe Partes, Chosen out of Diuers Excellent Authors, vvith the first and second part of La Verginella, Made by Maister Byrd, vpon Tvvo Stanza's of Ariosto, and Brought to Speake English vvith the Rest. Published by N. Yonge, in Fauour of such as Take Pleasure in Musicke of Voices, London: Imprinted at London [for Nicholas Yonge] by Thomas East, the assignè of William Byrd, →OCLC, number XXXIII:

Vnder the greene wood tree, / Who loues to lye with mee, / And turne his merrie Note, / Vnto the ſweet Birds throte: / Come hither, come hither, come hither: / Heere ſhall he ſee no enemie, / But Winter and rough Weather.

1599, William Shakespeare, “As You Like It”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, act II, scene v, page 192:

But Calipine, now being left alone / Under the greenewood’s ſide in ſorie plight, / Withouten armes or ſteede to ride upon, / Or houſe to hide his head from heaven’s ſpight, […]

1751, Edmund Spenser, The Faerie Queene. By Edmund Spenser. With an Exact Collation of the Two Original Editions, Published by Himself at London in Quarto; the Former Containing the First Three Books Printed in 1590, and the Latter the Six Books in 1596. [...], London: Printed for J. Brindley, in New Bond-Street, and S. Wright, Clerk of His Majesty's Works, at Hampton-Court, →OCLC, book VI, canto IV, stanza XXXIX, page 270:

We who walk the greenwood do many a wild deed, and the Lady Rowena’s deliverance may be received as an atonement.

1820, Walter Scott, Ivanhoe; a Romance [...] In Three Volumes, Edinburgh: Printed for Archibald Constable and Co., Edinburgh; and Hurst, Robinson, and Co., 90, Cheapside, London:

The good green-wood! the good green-wood! / Where early violets spring, / Where 'mid the old oak's giant boughs / The merle and mavis sing, […] My dreams are of sweet music wild / Beneath the green-wood tree!

1842, “The Green-wood”, in Bentley's Miscellany, volume XI, London: Richard Bentley, New Burlington Street, →OCLC, page 605:

Warwickshire is, indeed, a county of Gospel Oaks, and many of these, like the others, are huge in growth and venerable in years. They formed the boundary lines or marks between adjoining parishes, and when the bounds were beaten the parson was wont to deliver his homily beneath the shady boughs. From this circumstance the trees have taken the name of “Gospel Oaks,” and though Time has somewhat thinned their number, there are many still existing, dotted about in various parts of this sequestered greenwood.

1900, George Morley, “Gospel Oaks”, in Shakespeare's Greenwood: The Customs of the Country: The Language; the Superstitions; the Customs; the Folk-lore; the Birds & Trees; the Parson; the Poets; the Novelist, London: David Nutt, →OCLC, page 206:

In a number of families, brothers joined opposite sides. Some fought on the communist side as guerrillas and assassinated their blood brothers who held jobs on village committees. Others who served the village militias shot and killed their siblings who came back from secret guerrilla bases in the greenwoods.

2012, Nguyễn Công Luận, Nationalist in the Viet Nam Wars: Memoirs of a Victim Turned Soldier, Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University Press, →ISBN, page 185:

When they were young, he kissed her in the greenwood. When she brushes her fingers across her lips, she still remembers.

2014, Mari Ness, In the Greenwood, New York, N.Y.: Tor Books, →ISBN:


huckleberry

Probably an alteration of Middle English hurtilbery (“whortleberry”). American English from 1660s.

cog

I'm your huckleberry.

(US, slang) The person one is looking for; the right person for the job.


hog fennel

Any meadow and woodland plant with smell, taste, or appearance of fennel, especially of

Any plant of species Peucedanum officinale


sarsaparilla

en-noun

sarsaparilla (countable and uncountable, plural sarsaparillas)

/ˌsɑːspəˈɹɪlə/

/ˌsæspəˈɹɪlə/

From Spanish zarzaparrilla. The first element may ultimately derive from Basque; see Spanish zarza (“blackberry bush”) for more.

Any of several North American plants, of the genus Aralia, having umbels and small white flowers.


sassafras

sassafras (countable and uncountable, plural sassafrases)

From Spanish sasafrás, possibly from Latin saxifragus (“stone-breaking”) from the habit of certain plants growing in cracks in boulders. If this etymology is correct, it is a doublet of saxifrage.

(countable) A tree of species Sassafras albidum of the eastern United States and Asia having mitten-shaped leaves and red, aromatic heartwood.


holmberry

Could be a derivative of holm tree, an evergreen oak of Southern Europe having leaves somewhat resembling those of holly.

(Used as an adjective in:) Let me put one little kiss on those holmberry lips, Tess, or even on that warmed cheek, and I'll stop - on my honour, I will! - Thomas Hardy, Tess of the d'Urbervilles.


sedum

From Middle English cedum, from Latin sedum (“houseleek”).

Any of various succulent plants, of the genus Sedum, native to temperate zones; the stonecrop


beefsteak

beefsteak (countable and uncountable, plural beefsteaks)

→ Danish: bøfsteg

Danish: bøf

→ Faroese: búffur

→ Icelandic: buff

→ Esperanto: bifsteko

→ Estonian: biifsteek

desctree

→ French: bifteck, biftèque (post-1990 spelling), beefsteak, beefsteck, beefteak, beefteck, biffteck, biftec, bistec, bisteck (all obsolete)
→ Albanian: biftek
→ Armenian: պիֆթէք (piftʻēkʻ) (Western Armenian)
→ Bulgarian: бифте́к (bifték)
→ Czech: biftek
→ Greek: μπιφτέκι (biftéki)
→ Ladino: biftek
→ Macedonian: бифтек (biftek)
→ Japanese: ビフテキ (bifuteki)
→ Ottoman Turkish: بیفتك (biftek)
Turkish: biftek
→ Romanian: biftec
→ Vietnamese: bít tết

→ German: Beefsteak

→ Armenian: բիֆշտեքս (bifštekʻs)

→ Belarusian: біфштэ́кс (bifštéks)

→ Georgian: ბიფშტექსი (bipšṭeksi)

→ Latvian: bifšteks

→ Lithuanian: bifštekas

→ Russian: бифште́кс (bifštéks) (see there for further descendants)

→ Ukrainian: біфште́кс (bifštéks)

→ Polish: befsztyk

→ Indonesian: bistik

→ Italian: bistecca

→ Japanese: ビーフステーキ (bīfusutēki)

→ Korean: 비프스테이크 (bipeuseuteikeu)

→ Malay: bifstik

→ Occitan: bistèc

→ Brazilian Portuguese: bisteca

→ Spanish: bistec

→ Swedish: biffstek

→ Tagalog: bistek

(countable) Ellipsis of beefsteak plant, also known as perilla and shiso (Perilla frutescens var. crispa).

(uncountable) The herb prepared from the leaves of the beefsteak plant.

I purchased a half dozen of the healthiest-looking beefsteaks I could find, and tenderly planted the young shoots, using plenty of fertilizer and mulch. I faithfully watered them every day and the little plants quickly shot up to an impressive height.

2001, Patricia Mondore, A Perennial Faith: Finding Courage to Grow in the Garden of Life:

beefsteak tomato
beefsteak tomato#English

(countable) Ellipsis of beefsteak tomato.

(countable, archaic): A celebratory dinner, commonly held in New York between about 1870 and 1940 involving the consumption of enormous quantities of broiled steak and beer.


hibiscus

From Late Latin hibiscus, from Latin hibiscum, from Ancient Greek ἰβίσκος (ibískos, “marsh mallow”), probably ultimately from Gaulish.

der

There were red hibiscus flowers splashed all over it, yellow dots quivering at the stamens.

2020, Akwaeke Emezi, The Death of Vivek Oji, Faber & Faber Ltd, page 231:

Hibiscus syriacus
Hibiscus syriacus#Translingual

A flowering plant of the genus Hibiscus, especially Hibiscus syriacus, found in tropical to temperate regions, of some species used for making infusions/tea.


giant sequoia

Sequoiadendron giganteum
Sequoiadendron giganteum#Translingual

A tree of species Sequoiadendron giganteum, the world's largest trees.


Japanese yew

Taxus cuspidata
Taxus cuspidata#Translingual


aalii

From Hawaiian ʻaʻaliʻi (“name of any of the hardwood shrubs of the genus Dodonaea”).

bor

Dodonaea viscosa
Dodonaea viscosa#Translingual

A bushy small tree, Dodonaea viscosa, native to Hawaii, Australia, Africa, and tropical America, having sticky leaves and dark wood.


fava

Borrowed from Italian fava. Cognate with Portuguese fava and Spanish haba (“broad bean”). Doublet of bean.

1976, I. I. Gottesman, J. Shields, Rejoinder: Toward optimal arousal and away from original din, Schizophrenia Buletin, 2: 447-453, quoted in 2004, Jay Joseph, The Gene Illusion, page 269,
Favism, a hemolytic anemia that follows the eating of fava or broadbeans, provides a textbook example of a genotype X environment interaction.

When spring arrives the fava arrives and everyone in the Mediterranean can dream up a way of cooking it.

2001, Clifford A. Wright, Mediterranean Vegetables, page 153:

Add the favas and cook for 1 minute.

2007, Cat Cora et al., Cooking from the Hip, →ISBN, page 197:

In cool temperate zones favas are planted early in the growing season, several weeks before the last frost, and grown as a summer annual, much like other vegetable crops of the Fabaceae.

2012, John Navazio, The Organic Seed Grower: A Farmer's Guide to Vegetable Seed Production, page 268:

A fava bean; a bean (seed or seed pod) of plants of species Vicia faba or the plant itself.


cyclamen

→ Japanese: シクラメン (shikuramen)

→ Chinese: 仙客來 /仙客来 (xiānkèlái)

Borrowing from New Latin cyclamen, from Latin cyclamīnos.

An expectant mother would avoid cyclamen, stepping over it being an ominous sign.

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 268:

Sepia Delft tiles surrounded the fireplace, their crudely drawn Biblical scenes in faded cyclamen blending with the pinkish pine, while above them, instead of a mantelshelf, there was an archway high enough to form a balcony with slender balusters and a tapestry-hung wall behind.

1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 3, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

An interesting cyclamen was also found here with dark rounded unmarbled leaves, but unfortunately without flowers […]

1973, Patrick Millington Synge, In search of flowers:

Any of various flowering plants, of the genus Cyclamen, widely cultivated as a houseplant, having decorative leaves and solitary flowers.


cicuta

Borrowed from Latin cicūta. Apparently related to kex/kix.

cicuta, or hemlock, is a strong poison in Greece, but with us it hath no such violent effects […].

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition II, section 4, member 1, subsection ii:


cockscomb

From Middle English cokkes comb; equivalent to cock + -s- + comb.

A yellow rattle, Rhinanthus minor (flowering plant native to Eurasia)


ashplant

The colonnade above him made him think vaguely of an ancient temple and the ashplant on which he leaned wearily of the curved stick of an augur. / He began to beat the frayed end of his ashplant against the base of a pillar.

1922, James Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, page 264:

She look her hat, and ashplant, and left them.

1928, Mary Butts, Armed With Madness, page 8:

"She'll do," said Kelly and tapped his ash-plant / Across her hindquarters.

1969, Seamus Heaney, The Outlaw, line 20-21

Unconscious of their bulging eyes, he pounded on the door of the mayor's house with the knob of his ashplant.

2001, Carol Kendall, Erik Blegvad, The Gammage Cup: A Novel of the Minnipins, page 221:


zaman

On shore, the mule's pinkish ears revolved lazily in the shade of the zaman tree.

1995, Madison Smartt Bell, All souls' rising, page 327:

Albizia saman
Albizia saman#Translingual

Albizia saman, a large tropical tree in the pea family.


bloodwood

en-noun

bloodwood (countable and uncountable, plural bloodwoods)

woody-fruited bloodwood, genus Corymbia (formerly Eucalyptus subg. Corymbia)

paper-fruited bloodwood, Corymbia subg. Blakella (formerly Eucalyptus subg. Blakella)

Besides these two trees, which are the most general form of vegetation met with, may be found the briglow, bugwood, lapunya, lancewood, cork, box, and bloodwood, the last so named from its light red sap, which oozes in a thick stream

1904, Scottish Geographical Magazine, volume 20, page 578:

I cut bloodwood saplings and shaped a new pair of shafts with an adze.

1988, Tom Cole, Hell West and Crooked, Angus & Robertson, published 1995, page 255:

Any of various trees having red wood:
(Australia) Certain eucalypts

Any of various trees having red wood:
Certain eucalypts

Brosimum paraense, a tree found in Central and South America.

Any of several trees from the genus Pterocarpus, of the African and Asian tropics.


pistachio

pistachio (plural pistachios or pistachioes)

pistachios (plural)
pistachioes (plural)

→ Japanese: ピスタチオ (pisutachio)

→ Korean: 피스타치오 (piseutachio)

→ Malay: pistacio, pistasio

→ Thai: พิสตาชีโอ (pís-dtaa-chí-ôo)

→ Welsh: pistasio

From Italian pistacchio (1590s), from Latin pistācium (“pistachio”), from Ancient Greek πιστάκιον (pistákion), from πιστάκη (pistákē, “pistachio tree”). Of Iranian origin. Compare Northern Kurdish pisteq, Persian پسته (peste), Middle Persian pstk' (pistag, “pistachio nut”), Old Armenian պիստակ (pistak) (from Iranian), Arabic فُسْتُق (fustuq), Turkish fıstık.

cog

Pistacia vera
Pistacia vera#Translingual

A deciduous tree (Pistacia vera) grown in parts of Asia for its drupaceous fruit.


nard

en-noun

nard (countable and uncountable, plural nards)

From Middle English narde, from Old French narde, Latin nardus, from Ancient Greek νάρδος (nárdos), from Phoenician [Term?], Sanskrit नलद (nálada, “Indian narde”). Doublet of nardus.

Nardostachys jatamansi
Nardostachys jatamansi#Translingual

A flowering plant of species Nardostachys jatamansi, in the valerian family, that grows in the Himalayas and is used as a perfume, an incense, a sedative, and an herbal medicine.

American spikenard (Aralia racemosa), a North American perennial herb with an aromatic root.


nard

Alteration of nuts (“testicles”) or nads (“gonads”).

The soccer ball hit me right in the nards!

I’m sure whoever was in charge must have been one of the last of the Fulda Fucktards, you know, those generals who spent their nard-drop years training to defend West Germany from Ivan.

(US, 1980s, slang, usually in the plural) A testicle.


nep

From Middle English neppe, nepe, nepte, nept, from Old English nepte, nefte, from Latin nepeta. Compare Dutch neppe, nippe (“catnip”). Doublet of nepeta.

Nep is generally used for women to procure their courses, being taken inwardly or outwardly, either alone or with other convenient herbs in a decoction to bathe them, of sit over the hot fumes thereof.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio, published 2007, page 201:

Nepeta cataria
Nepeta cataria#Translingual


sourwood

I let him chew the tip of a burgundy leaf and taste how sourwood got its name.

2021, Richard Powers, Bewilderment, Hutchinson Heinemann, page 17:

A North American deciduous shrubby tree, of the genus Oxydendrum, having deep fissures in its bark, and sour-tasting leaves.


oak apple

[T]he small Apples which I have often observ'd to grow on the leaves of an Oak call'd Oak-apples […] are nothing but the Matrices of an Insect, as I elsewhere show.

1665, Robert Hooke, Micrographia, section XXV:

A spherical type of oak gall, produced by an oak gall wasp (tribe Cynipini).


oak gall

A gall produced by an oak by a wasp larva.


manna gum

Black cockatoos screeched and scratched at the bark of a big old manna gum as if they couldn't wait to see it done for.

1985, Peter Carey, Illywhacker, Faber & Faber, published 2003, page 53:

Any of various eucalyptus trees that exude manna, especially Eucalyptus viminalis, found in Australia.


waratah

There are many legends concerning the waratah--Australia's most glorious flower and all her own, for it does not occur in any other part of the world, while its supposed rival, the wattle, is as common in all parts of the Southern Hemisphere as it is in Australia.

1925, C. W. Peck, Australian Legends: Tales Handed Down from the Remotest Times by the Autocthonous Inhabitants of Our Land:

Acacias in blossom in the distance […]; leafy stipple of light and shade on the leaves, vivid flowers and bitter little fruits, and the waratah, like a blackfellow's firestick, red as a glowing coal.

1941, Ernestine Hill, My Love Must Wait, A&R Classics, published 2013, page 156:

Any of several species of plants in the genus Telopea, native to southeastern Australia.

At intervals of half a chain along each cable, 6 ft waratah Y section standards are driven at an angle into the bank to within a few inches of ground level, and the cables secured to them with No. 8 gauge galvanised wire.

1968, Albert Robert Acheson, River Control and Drainage in New Zealand: And Some Comparisons with Overseas Practices, page 65:


mulga

Ford (1969) points out that it is distributed from southern Northern Territory and northern South Australia west through mulga country of the Gibson and Great Victoria Deserts to the coast of Western Australia.

1981, Joseph Michael Forshaw, William T. Cooper, Australian Parrots, page 246:

1983, Queensland Department of Agriculture and Stock, The Queensland Journal of Agriculture and Animal Science, Volumes 40-42, page 68,
This paper describes a preliminary field experiment designed to examine the effect of supplementing sheep fed mulga with several proprietary licks and a more comprehensive field experiment to evaluate the effect of the most promising lick fed with cottonseed meal.

There are several different types of mulga, and Anangu know the different food which comes from them. For example, insects make a thing like a small apple on the pakuta (horse mulga). This one is good to eat but there is another one on a different sort of mulga which is not edible.

1996, Lynn Baker, Mingkiri: A Natural history of Ulu−ru by the Mu−titjulu Community, page 26:

The return of mulgas, native grasses and other shrubs was finally giving wildlife researchers some hope that numerous animals on the endangered species list might yet be saved if their ecosystems could be restored.

2002, Brad Collis, Fields of Discovery: Australia′s CSIRO, Australia: CSIRO, page 15:

(Australia) Any of a number of small acacia trees, especially Acacia aneura, forming dense scrub in dry inland areas of Australia.

keihäsakaasia

small acacia tree, especially Acacia aneura


myall

myall (countable and uncountable, plural myalls)

Aboriginal, perhaps a transferred use of Etymology 1, above.

1859, John McDouall Stuart, journal entry, Third Expedition (In the vicinity of Lake Torrens, Explorations in Australia - The Journals of John McDouall Stuart, Echo Library, 2006, page 57,
Friday, 30th December, Hanson Range. […] Changed our course to a very prominent hill (which I have named Mount Arthur) bearing 275 degrees, and after crossing two small myall creeks and a stony plain with salt bush and grass, at ten miles we struck a large myall and gum creek, coming from the north-west, with some very deep channels.

The durable, dark-colored wood of the coast myall or mountain brigalow (A. glaucescens) has been likened to that of English walnut.

1968, Thomas H. Everett, Living Trees of the World, page 185:

Any of various Australian acacias, especially the weeping myall, Acacia pendula, or the wood of such trees.


hyssop

hyssop (countable and uncountable, plural hyssops)

Via Latin hȳsōpum, from Ancient Greek ὕσσωπος (hússōpos), of Semitic origin.

The life of one plant would be affected by another. Rue was definitely hostile to basil, rosemary to hyssop, but coriander, dill and chervil lived on the friendliest of terms[.]

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 253:

Any of several aromatic bushy herbs, of the genus Hyssopus, native to Southern Europe and once used medicinally.


toadflax

toadflax (countable and uncountable, plural toadflaxes)

One morning she had me traipsing out at the crack of dawn for prickly poppy, toadflax, spiderwort, and skeleton weed. If that doesn't sound like the makings of a witch's brew, then I'm the queen of England.

2010, Clare Vanderpool, Moon Over Manifest:

Any of several European plants, of the genus Linaria, having two-lipped yellow flowers.


butter-and-eggs

From the yellow and white coloration of the flowers.

A flowering plant, of species Triphysaria eriantha, native to North America; johnny-tuck.


ilex

There is a point of strand / Near Vada's tower and town; and on one side / The treacherous marsh divides it from the land, / Shadowed by pine and ilex forests wide, / And on the other creeps eternally, / Through muddy weeds, the shallow, sullen sea.

1818 (date written), Percy Bysshe Shelley, “Mazenghi”, in Mary W[ollstonecraft] Shelley, editor, Posthumous Poems of Percy Bysshe Shelley, London: […] [C. H. Reynell] for John and Henry L[eigh] Hunt, […], published 1824, →OCLC, stanza 9, page 259:

Many nights, though autumnal mists were spread around, I passed under an ilex—many times I have supped on arbutus berries and chestnuts, making a fire, gypsylike, on the ground […]

1826, [Mary Shelley], chapter X, in The Last Man. […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC:

Sometimes I lost track of them and had to hunt round in a circle, thrusting through sharp-scented bushes, scratching myself on various plants which were still new to me: resinaceous rock-roses, juniper, ilex [translating chênes verts], yellow and white asphodel.

1962, Simone de Beauvoir, translated by Peter Green, The Prime of Life, Cleveland, OH: The World Publishing Company, translation of La Force de l'âge, →OCLC, page 77:

Any of the numerous trees or shrubs of the genus Ilex.


viburnum

Any of many shrubs and trees, of the genus Viburnum, native to the Northern Hemisphere that have showy clusters of flowers.


ipecac

ipecac (countable and uncountable, plural ipecacs)

Contraction of ipecacuanha, from Portuguese ipecacuanha, from Old Tupi ypekakûãîa, from ypeka (“duck”) + akûãîa (“penis”).

The dried rhizome and roots of either of two tropical American plants (Cephaelis acuminata and Cephaelis ipecacuanha) of the madder family used especially as a source of emetine.


ipecacuanha

ipecacuanha (countable and uncountable, plural ipecacuanhas)

From Brazilian Portuguese ipecacuanha, from Old Tupi ypekakûãîa, from ypeka (“duck”) + akûãîa (“penis”).

(medicine, pharmaceutics) The flowering plant Carapichea ipecacuanha.


plum tree

From Middle English plumtre, from Old English plūmtrēow; equivalent to plum + tree.


pelea

Learned borrowing from New Latin pelea, from Hawaiian Pele (Hawaiian fire goddess) + -ea. Equivalent to Pele + -a.

(dated, botany) Synonym of melicope: a plant of the genus Pelea.


miro

An Eastern Polynesian borrowing, reported as the native name of Rarotonga etc.

Pectinopitys ferruginea
Pectinopitys ferruginea#Translingual

Prumnopitys ferruginea
Prumnopitys ferruginea

A conifer of New Zealand, of species Pectinopitys ferruginea (syn. Prumnopitys ferruginea).


narra

The narra grows in Luzon, Mindanao, Panay and Samar.

1906 August 2, Miss Lilian O'Connell, “With Pan in the Forests of Luzon”, in The New York Observer, volume 84:

Pterocarpus indicus
Pterocarpus indicus#Translingual

Any of the pantropical genus Pterocarpus of trees in the family Fabaceae, but especially Pterocarpus indicus.


greenheart

greenheart (countable and uncountable, plural greenhearts)

A type of shrub (Colubrina arborescens) native to Florida and the Caribbean.


money tree

Maybe we could learn how to grow money trees.

1967, Canadian Parliament, House of Commons Debates, volume 1, page 699:

Money does not grow on trees. There is no money tree at Mount Kildare. If we had a money tree, boys, there would be no need of the bakery, no need of the raffle.

But there isn't a magic money tree that we can shake, that suddenly provides for everything that people want.

2017, Question Time (television), spoken by Theresa May, via BBC:

Her rival […]argued for fiscal responsibility and warned that such a reckless policy would lead to a run on the pound and a calamitous series of mortgage-rate rises. Given this choice, the electorate for the Tory leadership[…]preferred the magical money tree.

2022 October 14, Tom McTague, “The Liz Truss Travesty Becomes Britain’s Humiliation”, in The Atlantic:

money doesn't grow on trees
money doesn't grow on trees#English

An imaginary tree from which money can be plucked. See money doesn't grow on trees.

pengetræ

Imaginary tree from which money can be plucked

magic money tree

an imaginary tree from which money can be plucked

(commercial name) The Malabar chestnut, Pachira aquatica.

Theobroma cacao
Theobroma cacao#Translingual


cinchona

cinchona (countable and uncountable, plural cinchonas)

From New Latin cinchona, from Spanish Chinchón. Named by Carl Linnaeus after Ana de Osorio, 4th Countess of Chinchón (1599–1625), the wife of the Spanish Viceroy of Peru, who was allegedly cured of a fever by the bark.

named-after

Luis Jerónimo de Cabrera, 4th Count of Chinchón#Quinine

He seems to have collected plants of every kind - sugar-cane, coffee, cinchona, cocoa, indigo, and many others - and thus demonstrates beyond a doubt that Arnheim's Land will not prove herself behind the rest of the tropical world both in planting and agriculture, when the labour question is settled, and a properly-arranged coolie system enables planters to give the country a proper trial.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 222:

German chemists were the first to isolate pure drug chemicals from herbal medicines, with the isolation of morphine from crude opium in 1803 and quinine from the bark of the cinchona tree in 1820.

2001, Leslie Iversen, Drugs: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, page 8:

A tree or shrub of the genus Cinchona, native to the Andes in South America but since widely cultivated in Indonesia and India as well for its medicinal bark.


maritime pine

Pinus pinaster
Pinus pinaster#Translingual

A pine tree (Pinus pinaster), native to the western Mediterranean region.


sweet gum tree

Liquidambar styraciflua
Liquidambar styraciflua#Translingual

A tree, Liquidambar styraciflua, found in the southern US.


plum wine

en-noun

plum wine (usually uncountable, plural plum wines)

plum + wine, plum being the traditional (though inaccurate) translation of ume, a Japanese fruit closely related to the apricot.


blue gum

* blue + gum
* (person of sub-Saharan African origin): Referring to the blue coloring around their gumline.

Now there are five, solidly built, with concrete bases, galvanized poles and struts, and heavy-gauge mesh, shaded by young bluegum trees.

1999, JM Coetzee, Disgrace, Vintage, published 2000, page 61:

I am hoping, maybe because I am roasting out here, that it is to accommodate some breed of shady tree. Like a bluegum or a paperbark.

2007, Craig Silvey, Jasper Jones, Allen & Unwin, published 2007, page 95:

Any of various eucalyptus trees having blueish leaves, especially Eucalyptus globulus.


snowberry

From snow + berry, from the snow-white colour.

Himalayan snowberry (Gaultheria trichophylla

also Gaultheria, especially Gaultheria oppositifolia, and


butterfly bush

butterfly bush (plural butterfly bushes)

Any of several plants that conspicuously attract butterflies

especially of the species Buddleja davidii and Buddleja globosa.

Asclepias tuberosa
Asclepias tuberosa#Translingual

Blue butterfly bush (Rotheca myricoides, syn. Clerodendrum ugandense).


buddleia

From translingual Buddleja, after English naturalist Adam Buddle (died 1715).

At the foot of the garden, behind a clump of gooseberry-bushes, stood an arbour formed of a yellow buddleia.

1917, Henry Handel Richardson, Australia Felix:

But there is one fly in the ointment, which is only too evident at Queen Street and Central... buddleia. […] It became a popular garden plant in the 20th century, when a Chinese variant (Buddleia Davidii ^([sic])) was introduced. That's when the trouble started. The plant has spread like wildfire since. Its fast-growing invasive nature and survivability is a huge problem for the railways, as (left alone) it can cause serious, expensive damage to structures, block drivers sightlines, or pose a risk to lineside workers.

2024 November 13, Paul Bigland, “Much to admire... but pockets of neglect”, in RAIL, number 1022, page 49:

A tree or shrub of the genus Buddleja, especially Buddleja davidii, a large ornamental shrub whose lilac flowers attract butterflies.


evening star

From evening + star. Cf. Old English ǣfensteorra.

Oenothera biennis
Oenothera biennis#Translingual

An evening primrose (Oenothera biennis).


bristlecone pine

bristlecone pine (plural bristlecone pines)

Any of certain small, slow-growing pine trees found in the western United States, of three species in Pinus subsect. Balfourianae, some of which are over 4,000 years old.

Rocky Mountains bristlecone pine of Colorado


masoor dal

From Hindi मसूर दाल (masūr dāl); see masoor + dal.


pigeon pea

A tropical African plant, Cajanus cajan, formerly Cajanus indicus.


wintergreen

Gaultheria procumbens
Gaultheria procumbens#Translingual

One of various not closely related evergreen plants, including:

Plants in shrub genus Gaultheria, commonly known as wintergreen, especially:

Gaultheria procumbens, native to North America, having solitary white flowers and aromatic leaves (checkerberry or teaberry)

Gaultheria humifusa – alpine wintergreen

Gaultheria ovatifolia – western teaberry or Oregon spicy wintergreen

Chimaphila maculata – striped wintergreen, pipsissewa


woodbine

From Middle English wodebind, wodebinde, from Old English wudubind, wudubinde (“woodbine”), equivalent to wood + bine.

Any of several climbing vines, especially the honeysuckle and the Virginia creeper

Species of Lonicera (honeysuckle), particularly:

Lonicera periclymenum, European honeysuckle, common honeysuckle

Lonicera xylosteum, European fly honeysuckle, dwarf honeysuckle, fly woodbine

Species of Parthenocissus, particularly:

Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Virginia creeper

Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Japanese creeper, Boston ivy

Parthenocissus vitacea, now Parthenocissus inserta, thicket creeper, false Virginia creeper, grape woodbine


perilla

perilla (countable and uncountable, plural perillas)

The smell of burnt flesh, which the perilla seeds couldn't wholly mask, pricked my nose.

2015, Han Kang, translated by Deborah Smith, The Vegetarian, Granta, published 2018, page 42:

Perilla frutescens
Perilla frutescens#Translingual

An East Asian herb with flavorful leaves used in cooking and as a garnish, Perilla frutescens. Also grown for the seeds, which contain an edible and industrially-useful oil.


boxwood

boxwood (countable and uncountable, plural boxwoods)

From box + wood; box from Latin buxus (“box-tree, object made of boxwood”), of uncertain origin; compare Ancient Greek πύξος (púxos).

uder

(countable, uncountable) Any tree of genus Buxus.


box tree

(botany) Any of several trees, of the genus Buxus, often used as a hedge, for topiary, and as a source of boxwood

(botany) Any trees of diverse species in Lophostemon, Eucalyptus, or other genera native to Australia.


cascara

From Spanish cáscara (“bark" or "husk”).

A North American buckthorn (Frangula purshiana, syn. Rhamnus purshiana) whose bark is used as a laxative.


chickweed wintergreen

Trientalis europaea; a plant in the Primulaceae family


Bramley

From Old English brom (“broom”) + leah (“wood clearing, meadow”), like Bromley. Equivalent to broom + -ley (“lea”).

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

A small townsite in the South West Region of Western Australia.


cockspur

en-noun

cockspur (countable and uncountable, plural cockspurs)

From Middle English cokkispore, equivalent to cock + spur.

(countable) A blade for tying to the foot of a gamecock.

(uncountable) Grass of species (Echinochloa crus-galli).

(countable) A hawthorn of species (Crataegus crus-galli).

(uncountable) Orchard grass, a widely grown tall stout hay and pasture grass (Dactylis glomerata) of Eurasia.

(countable) A small West Indian tree (Pisonia aculeata).

(countable) Any of several spiny trees, formerly all of the genus Acacia, such as Vachellia cookii (cockspur acacia).


rosebush

The shrub that roses grow on; a rose plant.


Carroll

A number of places in the United States:

A city, the county seat of Carroll County, Iowa.

Chautauqua County
Chautauqua County#English

Fairfield County
Fairfield County#English

An unincorporated community in Smith County, Texas.

A number of townships, in Illinois, Iowa (2), Missouri, Ohio, and Pennsylvania (3).

A village in Gunnedah Shire, northern New South Wales, Australia.


Bismarck

The capital city of North Dakota, United States and the county seat of Burleigh County.


arborvitae

[ˌɑɹbɚˈvaɪɾi]

[ˌɑɹbɚˈvəɪɾi]

/ˌɑɹbɚˈvaɪtə/

From Latin arbor (“tree”) + vitae (“of life”).

Any of several North American or Asian conifers, of the genera Thuja and Thujopsis or the species Platycladus orientalis, grown for timber or ornament.


auricula

auricula (plural auriculae or auriculas)

Unadapted borrowing from Latin auricula (“external ear; ear”). Doublet of auricle.

ubor

Réné came on quietly, his trowel in one hand, some auricula roots in the other.

1919, Michael Wood, The White Island, page 122:

(horticulture, plural: auriculas) An ornamental primrose (Primula auricula)


kratom

en-noun

kratom (countable and uncountable, plural kratoms)

When the US Drug Enforcement Administration announced plans to criminalise the sale and possession of the psychoactive plant kratom, people across the country became interested in a leaf used medicinally for centuries in parts of Asia.

2016 October 22, Marc T. Swogger, A ban too far, New Scientist, Issue 3096, page 20

A tree, Mitragyna speciosa, endemic to Southeast Asia.


lime

lime (countable and uncountable, plural limes)

Lime (17th c.) and line (16th c.) are alterations of obsolete lind, from Middle English lynde, from Old English lind, from Proto-Germanic *lindijō. The phonetic development is unusual, but it has been suggested that it began in compounds (loss of -d- perhaps before tree, the change to -m- before labials as in bark or wood). Doublet of linden, which see.

The linden or lime tree is the favourite haunt of the Elves and cognate beings; and it is not safe to be near it after sunset.

1828, Thomas Keightley, The Fairy Mythology, volume I, London: William Harrison Ainsworth, page 158:

But there was nothing of an ascetic's expression in her bright full eyes, as she looked before her, not consciously seeing, but absorbing into the intensity of her mood, the solemn glory of the afternoon with its long swathes of light between the far-off rows of limes, whose shadows touched each other.

1871, George Eliot [pseudonym; Mary Ann Evans], chapter III, in Middlemarch […], volume I, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC, book I, page 38:

A deciduous tree of the genus Tilia, especially Tilia × europaea; the linden tree.


lime

From French lime, from Spanish lima, from Arabic لِيمَة (līma), from Persian لیمو (limu). Doublet of lemon.

Any of the trees that bear limes, especially Key lime, Citrus aurantiifolia.


juneberry

From June + berry, the berries typically ripening in June.

Wiegand juneberry (Amelanchier × wiegandii

Any of several North American trees of the genus Amelanchier, having white flowers and edible, purplish fruit.


cherimoya

/t͡ʃɛɹɪˈmɔɪ.ə/

/t͡ʃeɹɪˈmoɪ.ə/

Borrowed from Spanish chirimoya, from Quechua chirimuya.

Annona cherimola
Annona cherimola#Translingual

A subtropical tree, of species Annona cherimola, native to mountainous areas of South America.


white cedar

A tree of species Tabebuia heterophylla, of the Caribbean and South America, in family Bignoniaceae.


greenweed

Any of several plants, of the genus Genista, related to broom


sengreen

From Middle English singrene, from Old English singrēne (“evergreen; houseleek”), from Proto-West Germanic *singrōnijā (“evergreen, houseleek”), from Proto-Germanic *singrōniz (literally “ever-green”). Cognate with Middle Dutch sindegroen, German Singrün.

der

Sempervivum tectorum
Sempervivum tectorum#Translingual

The houseleek (Sempervivum tectorum), a common plant of Europe.


houseleek

From Middle English houslek, probably from Old English *hūslēac, from Proto-West Germanic *hūsalauk. Cognate with Dutch huislook, German Hauslauch, Danish husløg, Swedish huslök. By surface analysis, house + leek.

Any of several succulent plants, of the genus Sempervivum, having a rosette of fleshy leaves.

חַיָּיא לְעָלְמָא

ḥayyā lə-ʿāləmā

חַי הָעוֹלָם

ḥay hā-ʿōlā́m

חַי לְעוֹלָם

ḥay lə-ʿōlā́m


saxifrage

en-noun

saxifrage (countable and uncountable, plural saxifrages)

From Old French saxifrage, from Late Latin saxifraga, from Latin saxifragus (“stone-breaking”). Doublet of sassafras.


Indian mulberry

Indian mulberry (plural Indian mulberries)

So named for being mulberry-like and found in India.

Morinda citrifolia
Morinda citrifolia#Translingual

a small tree of the madder family found from India to Australasia, characterized by shiny leaves, white flowers, and fleshy, yellowish fruit; Morinda citrifolia.


forsythia

[fɔɹˈsɪθijə]

From New Latin, named in honor of Scottish horticulturist William Forsyth, who brought the shrub over from China. Forsyth's own name is from Irish Fearsithe, meaning "man of peace."

They heard laughing then, and looked up to see Ann and Bell coming down the street toward them. Ann had plucked a twig of forsythia, and was trying to arrange it in her hair. "Take that off!" Bell was saying. "It's got bugs crawling on it!"

1981 April 25, Andrea Loewenstein, “Voicens In The Night”, in Gay Community News, page 13:

Any of several shrubs, of the genus Forsythia, native to Asia and Eastern Europe, that are cultivated for their yellow flowers, which bloom in early spring.

William Forsyth (horticulturist)
forsythia


spikenard

spikenard (countable and uncountable, plural spikenards)

From Middle English spikenard, spikenarde, from Anglo-Norman spicanarde, from Medieval Latin spīca nardī, from Latin spica (“spike”) + nardi (“nard”). Equivalent to spike + nard.

Ploughman's spikenard
ploughman's spikenard

Ploughman's spikenard (Inula conyza, now Pentanema conyzae).


camphire

Malapropism in the English Bible of the Hebrew כֹּפֶר / כּוֹפֶר (kōp̄er, “henna”) by confusion with camphor. The Hebrew is from Akkadian 𒇒𒌓𒀀 (kupru, “bitumen, pitch”) from Akkadian 𒅗𒉺𒊒 (kapāru, “to smear, to daub on”).

bor

כֹּפֶר / כּוֹפֶר

der

A garden inclosed is my sister, my spouse; a spring shut up, a fountain sealed. Thy plants are an orchard of pomegranates, with pleasant fruits; camphire, with spikenard, Spikenard and saffron; calamus and cinnamon, with all trees of frankincense; myrrh and aloes, with all the chief spices

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Song of Solomon 4:12–14:

Lawsonia inermis
Lawsonia inermis#Translingual

The fragrant henna flower (or plant) (Lawsonia inermis, syn. Lawsonia alba)


gardenia

/ɡɑːˈdiːnjə/

From New Latin, named after Scottish naturalist Dr. Alexander Garden.

named-after

Any of various tropical evergreen small trees or shrubs, of the genus Gardenia, having glossy leaves and white flowers.


harebell

From Middle English harebelle, equivalent to hare + bell.

How Snow-drops cold, and blue-eyed Harebells blend / Their tender tears, as o'er the stream they bend […].

1789, Erasmus Darwin, The Loves of the Plants, J. Johnson, page 2:

Her most striking feature, then as now, was her eyes: both large and expressive, but while one was the brown of a fresh hazelnut, the other was pale bluey-violet, the colour of harebells.

2020, Jasper Fforde, The Constant Rabbit, page 7:

A perennial flowering plant, Campanula rotundifolia, native to the Northern Hemisphere, with blue, bell-like flowers.


maidenhair

en-noun

maidenhair (countable and uncountable, plural maidenhairs)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-maidenhair.wav

He fingered shreds of hair, her maidenhair, her mermaid's into the bowl

His fingers tore at her maidenhair. Gasping, she recoiled for long enough to allow him entry.

1979, Georgianna Bell, Passionate Jade, page 326:

Some said they'd seen her over by Death's-Door, with bloodstains on her dress, which was so white and transparent they were seized with shame and fear at the faint beauty of her breasts and the eternal modesty of her maidenhair.

1987, Pierre Clitandre, Cathedral of the August Heat, page 152:

She grabbed at her maidenhair as the garment eluded her frantic grasp and formed a puddle of cloth at her feet.

1989, Robert Solotaroff, Bernard Malamud: A Study of the Short Fiction, page 116:

She turns and her small breasts are firm in the fading light, the flower of her navel, the darkening delta of her maidenhair and her thighs rising out of the water, the water tiny golden gifts against her skin;

2013, John F. Deane, Snow Falling on Chestnut Hill: New and Selected Poems:

(uncountable, poetic) A woman's pubic hair.

Our common Maidenhair does from a number of hard black fibres, send forth a great many blacking shining brittle stalks, hardly a span long [...].

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio Society, published 2007, page 178:

Adiantum capillus-veneris
Adiantum capillus-veneris#Translingual

Either of two species of genus Adiantum of fern with delicate, hair-like stalks, especially Adiantum capillus-veneris.

(Canada, US, now regional) Either of two ericaceous plants, the creeping snowberry or the checkerberry.


ilama

A Central American fruit related to the cherimoya, Annona diversifolia.


azuki bean

The Chinese characters for azuki bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi], 小豆, means^([sic]) “small bean,” while the kanji characters for soybean, 大豆, mean “big bean.” These characters also reflect the relative importance of these two crops in East Asia, where they are the main legumes in people's diets.

2005 March 16, chapter 11, in Ram J. Singh, Prem P. Jauhar, editors, Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering, and Crop Improvement: Grain Legumes, CRC Press, →ISBN:

Vigna angularis
Vigna angularis#Translingual

An annual vine (Vigna angularis), widely grown throughout East Asia and the Himalayas for its small bean.


locust bean

Ceratonia siliqua
Ceratonia siliqua#Translingual

A seed of the carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua).


mescal bean

Shrubs or small trees of genus Dermatophyllum of the pea family Fabaceae, native to southwestern North America from western Texas to Arizona in the United States and from Chihuahua to Nuevo León in Mexico, that bear toxic beans used in ordeal rituals by native peoples.


wax bean

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris#Translingual

Any of several forms of Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean) having a yellow or other-coloured pod; the butter bean


brazil nut

Bertholletia excelsa
Bertholletia excelsa#Translingual

Bertholletia excelsa, a tree native to tropical South America.


macrocarpa

From Latin macrocarpa (“large-fruited”).

From Ulverstone, the road dipped and rose through potato fields and lines of towering macrocarpa […] .

2004, Nicholas Shakespeare, In Tasmania, Harvill Press, p. 216

The Monterey cypress, Cupressus macrocarpa.


barberry

From Middle English berberie, from Medieval Latin berberis (on which see Arabic بَرْبَارِيس (barbārīs)), influenced by berie (“berry”). Doublet of berberis.

BOlvs in Engliſh is called a morſell. It is a medicine laxatiue, in forme & faſhion it is meanely whole, & it is ſwallowed by litle gobbets. […] ℞. medulla caſiæ fiſtulæ newly drawen. ℥. j. or ʒ. x. the graines (that is the kernelles) of barbaries. ℈. ß. and with ſugar roſet [sugar compounded with rose petals] make a bole.

1583, Philip Barrough [i.e., Philip Barrow], “Of Making Bolus”, in The Methode of Phisicke, Conteyning the Causes, Signes, and Cures of Inward Diseases in Mans Body from the Head to the Foote. […], London: […] Thomas Vautroullier […], →OCLC, book VI, page 288:

Any of the thorny shrubs of genus Berberis, which bear yellow flowers and red or blue-black berries.


basswood

Audio (US)

From bass (“fibrous inner bark”) + wood.

Tilia americana
Tilia americana#Translingual

(US) Any of several trees of the genus Tilia; the lindens, especially Tilia americana, the American basswood.


bayberry

It twisted and turned, and, the first thing I knew, made a sudden bend around a bunch of bayberry scrub and opened out into a big clear space like a lawn.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

(Canada, US) The fruit of the wax myrtle shrub; or the plant itself (Morella cerifera), with aromatic, leathery leaves and waxy berries.

The two North American genera are Myrica (bayberry) and Comptonia (sweet-fern).

2002, James Fralish, Scott Franklin, Taxonomy and Ecology of Woody Plants in North American Forests, Myricaceae (Bayberry or Wax-Myrtle Family), page 230:

Other species in the family Myricaceae, especially in genus Myrica; bay-rum tree, candleberry.

[T]heir shape was much like a Figg, but very much smaller, some being about the bigness of a Bay-berry, others, and the biggest, of a Hazel-Nut.

1665, Robert Hooke, Micrographica, section XLIII:

Laurus nobilis
Laurus nobilis#Translingual

The fruit of the bay laurel (Laurus nobilis).

West Indian bay tree (Pimenta racemosa), a tropical American shrub with aromatic leaves that are used in the preparation of bay rum.


wax myrtle

An evergreen bayberry, especially Morella cerifera (syn. Myrica cerifera) of the southern U.S., the wax covering its nutlets being used for making scented candles.


meum

Borrowed from Latin mēum (“Meum athamanticum”), from Ancient Greek μῆον (mêon), probably from μεῖον (meîon, “lesser”) for its small size.

bor+

Meum athamanticum
Meum athamanticum#Translingual


tulip tree

Liriodendron tulipifera
Liriodendron tulipifera#Translingual

(botany) A North American tree, Liriodendron tulipifera, that has squarish leaves, cone-shaped fruit and an aromatic odor, of the family Magnoliaceae.


sugar shack

A building where sap from a sugarbush is boiled down to make maple syrup.


sugarbush

From sugar + bush, in reference to the sugary maple sap.

Alternative form: sugar bush

Meronyms: sugarhouse, sugar shack

Many a small family farm in Vermont had a sugarbush back in the day.

In some 21st-century sugarbushes, plastic tubing conveys the sap to the sugarhouse.

Indeed, acid rain has long been pointed to as the culprit in the diminished productivity and value of northern Maine and Vermont sugarbush (maple syrup producing trees).

1999, U.S. Congress, NOx State Implementation Plans: hearing before the Subcommittee on Clean Air, Wetlands, Private Property, and Nuclear Safety http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN0160606748&id=zB0xrjRFjT8C&q=sugarbush+maple&dq=sugarbush+maple&pgis=1

2001, Howard Paap, Northern Land: Life with the Ojibwe http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN1878569783&id=E49tv0IUbzwC&pg=PA23&lpg=PA23&ots=NgTARD3OW6&dq=sugarbush+maple&sig=Jd72oibGUPlSUo6EOGJfaOvspgM
The labor I offer in my friends' sugarbush is strenuous, but it brings a welcome fatigue.

Then rough lean-tos and later huts were constructed near the sugarbush to offer some protection to the syrup and the boiler.

2006, Elaine Elliot, Maple Syrup http://books.google.com/books?vid=ISBN088780697X&id=vt4_fhFTbt8C&pg=PP1&lpg=PP1&ots=BmfhDZmEgM&dq=sugarbush+maple&sig=lW6_ddQPMID-HehrnePAt3p7llA#PPA1,M1

en:wooded area whose trees are tapped for sugaring

(Canada, US) A wooded area with sugar maples or other trees tapped for sugaring.


highbush blueberry

en-noun

highbush blueberry (plural highbush blueberries)

The common species of blueberry, Vaccinium corymbosum, grown for its fruit.


lowbush blueberry

lowbush blueberry (plural lowbush blueberries)

A wild North American blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium, sometimes grown commercially for its fruit


wild blueberry

wild blueberry (plural wild blueberries)

Any of several species of blueberry, of the genus Vaccinium, having blue berries, that are not normally cultivated.


calamint

calamint (countable and uncountable, plural calamints)

From French calament (assimilated in English to mint), from Old French calament, calamente, from Medieval Latin calamentum, from Latin calaminthe, from Ancient Greek καλαμίνθη (kalamínthē, “an odoriferous plant”), of uncertain origin (either by haplology from *καλαμο-μίνθη (*kalamo-mínthē) or a loanword, which Beekes considers most likely to be from Pre-Greek).
Attested since early 17th century.

der

Any species of aromatic garden herb of the genus Calamintha, now often included in Clinopodium.

فُوذَنَج

in the Middle Ages surely; otherwise modernly one has no certain name but may transcribe the English or botanical name

Steinquendel

proscribed by those who use it for Acinos


yerba buena

A perennial herb native to North America, Satureja douglasii, having white or purple flowers and a mint-like fragrance.


shiso

Perilla frutescens
Perilla frutescens#Translingual

Any of several varieties of the herb Perilla frutescens, related to basil and mint, used in Japanese cooking.


hedera

From the genus name Hedera, in turn from Latin hedera (“ivy”).

The American Ivy Society hewed closely to the theme, exhibiting only hederas that come from Ireland or have an Irish name.

2007 March 8, Jan Benzel, “Philadelphia Calls Off Winter for a Week”, in New York Times:

(horticulture) Any Old World ivy of the genus Hedera


false acacia

The taproots of trees like the false acacia, growing between Park Royal and Alperton, thrust deeply into the ground, while the spreading roots of the silver birch stitch the soil.

1950 July, “Traveller's Joy”, in Railway Magazine, page ii (advertisement):

Robinia pseudoacacia
Robinia pseudoacacia#Translingual

A deciduous tree, of species Robinia pseudoacacia, native to the United States; the black locust.


ovest

From Middle English ovet (likely from metathesis of the plural *ovetes, ofvetes, ofetes (“fruits”, pl)), from Old English ofett (“fruit, legume”), from Proto-West Germanic *obaet (“fruit, produce, increase”), from a compound whose first element represents Proto-Indo-European *obʰi-, *ebʰi-, *bʰi- (“on, toward, from, by”), and whose second element is Proto-Germanic *at-, *ēta- (“edibles, food”), from Proto-Germanic *etaną (“to eat”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“to eat”). Cognate with West Frisian oefte (“something tasty to eat, goodies”), Dutch ooft (“fruit”), German Low German Ooft, Aaft (“fruit”), German Obst (“fruit”).

cog

(UK dialectal) The mast and acorns of the oak; the turn-out.


black gum

Sweet gums and black gums and sourwoods made the woods bright now when oaks and hickories had just begun to look dull and faded.

1958, William O. Steele, The Perilous Road, published 2004, page 2:

Old settlers learned from the bees and built their own beehives with two-foot sections sawn from the trunks of hollow black gums.

2006, Richard M. Donovan, Paddling the Wild Neches, page 77:

The sanctuary's other habitats include forests of black cherry, red cedar, black locust, beech, and oak, with red maples and black gums in wet areas.

2011, John S. Burk, The Wildlife of New England: A Viewer's Guide, page 175:

A tree native to eastern North America, Nyssa sylvatica.


Queen Anne's lace

There were wildflowers alongside the vegetable patches at the edge of the pavement, Queen Anne’s lace whispering against Kirsten’s outstretched hand.

2014, Emily St. John Mandel, Station Eleven, Picador (2022), page 49:

Daucus carota
Daucus carota#Translingual

(Canada, US) A flowering plant, species Daucus carota, especially the flowering part of the plant.


senna

en-noun

senna (countable and uncountable, plural sennas)

(countable) Any of several plants of the tribe Cassieae, especially those of the genera Cassia and Senna, whose leaves and pods are used as a purgative and laxative.

(uncountable) The dried leaves or pods of these plants (especially of Senna alexandrina, syn. Cassia angustifolia or Cassia acutifolia), used medicinally.


madrone

Anglicization of Mexican Spanish madroño.

Arbutus unedo
Arbutus unedo#Translingual

(US) Any of three local relatives:
A Pacific madrone (Arbutus menziesii)

Arbutus menziesii
Arbutus menziesii#Translingual

(US) Any of three local relatives:
A Arizona madrone (Arbutus arizonica)

(US) Any of three local relatives:
A Texas madrone (Arbutus xalapensis)

Dig a big pit in a dirt alley road / Fill it with madrone and bay / Stinks like hell and the neighbours complain / Don't give a hoot what they say.

1993, Tom Waits, Kathleen Brennan, Filipino Box Spring Hog:


pimento

Borrowed from Portuguese pimento (“bell pepper; later any pepper”), similar to Spanish pimiento, from Latin pigmentum (“coloring; colorful thing”), from pingo (“paint”) and -mentum (suffix denoting instruments and results of actions). Doublet of pigment, piment, and pimiento.

doublet

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum#Translingual

A red sweet pepper, a cultivar of Capsicum annuum, used to make relish, stuffed into olives, or used as spice.


winged bean

A tropical legume of species Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, having clusters of purple flowers and pods with four jagged wings


Bartlett

The pear was named by Enoch Bartlett of Dorchester, Massachusetts, after himself.

A surname transferred from the given name from a pet form of Bartholomew.

A village, the county seat of Wheeler County, Nebraska.


Bartlett

The first bite into those Bartletts was intoxicating. The juice met your teeth with a gush.

1941, Emily Carr, chapter 15, in Klee Wyck:


orpine

From Old French orpin, Old French orpiment, from Latin auripigmentum (“orpiment”), from aurum (“gold”) + pigmentum (“pigment”).

Common Orpine rises up with diverse round, brittle stalks, thick set with fat and fleshy leaves without any order, and little or nothing dented about the edges; of a pale green colour.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio Society, published 2007, page 207:

A plant of orpine was often set by a young girl on her window sill on Midsummer Eve.

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 268:

Hylotelephium telephium
Hylotelephium telephium#Translingual

Any of several temperate succulent plants of the family Crassulaceae, that have clusters of purple flowers, especially Hylotelephium telephium.


floppydock

Digitalis purpurea
Digitalis purpurea#Translingual

(UK, Devon) The foxglove Digitalis purpurea.


flageolet

(music) A technique for playing stringed instrument that produces high-pitched overtones.


Hedelfinger

A cultivar of the wild cherry, Prunus avium


wild cherry

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-wild cherry.wav

Prunus serotina
Prunus serotina#Translingual

A tree of species Prunus serotina, native to North America.


peppy

en-noun

peppy (countable and uncountable, plural peppies)

"Busselton for example, you used to have these quarter-acre blocks with one big house on it and lots of peppy trees in the backyard. And now they've got three houses and no peppy trees," she said.

2023 December 15, Govan, Alex, “Western ringtail possums burn paws on roofs, solar panels in hot summer weather”, in ABC News, Australian Broadcasting Corporation:

City engineering and works services director Oliver Darby told the Times three of the peppies had been lopped extensively and must now be removed along with the non-native, but transplantation of the remaining tree was being investigated.

2018 March 9, Pelusey, Taelor, “Peppy tree transplant investigated”, in Busselton Dunsborough Times, West Australian Newspapers Limited:

(slang, Australia) A tree of species Agonis flexuosa, commonly known as Western Australian peppermint or peppermint tree.


paulownia

Learned borrowing from New Latin paulownia, from German Pawlowna, transliterating Russian Па́вловна (Pávlovna), the patronymic of Anna Pavlovna.

lbor

“This is a nice dry piece of paulownia wood,” she said, “for drawing my eyebrows.”

1997, Arthur Golden, Memoirs of a Geisha, Vintage, published 1998, page 62:

Any member of the genus Paulownia, comprising deciduous flowering trees native to Asia.


catmint

en-noun

catmint (countable and uncountable, plural catmints)

From Middle English catt mynte, kattesminte, equivalent to cat + mint. The word’s appearance in early Middle English (c. 1230) and other Germanic languages (German Katzenminze, Icelandic kattarminta, Swedish kattmynta) means that it is very likely to have existed in Old English (as *cattes minte) as well.

Nepeta cataria
Nepeta cataria#Translingual

Synonym of catnip (the plant Nepeta cataria, or other members of the genus)


bottle brush

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bottle brush.wav

Any of several plants having a similar appearance, especially Anthephora or Callistemon.


bottlebrush

‘But look, there's some grass up till this bottlebrush which looks like it's bin trampled.’

2009, Craig Silvey, Jasper Jones, Allen & Unwin, page 23:

Any of various trees or shrubs of the myrtle family, especially of the genera Callistemon and Melaleuca, native to Australia and adjacent areas, having spikes of flowers with numerous conspicuous stamens.


cryptomeria

Cryptomeria japonica
Cryptomeria japonica#Translingual


cotoneaster

From translingual Cotoneaster, from Latin cotōneum (“quince”) + -aster.

Around the house the flakes fly faster,
And all the berries now are gone
From holly and cotoneaster [..]

1900s, Thomas Hardy, Birds at Winter Nightfall

Any of several erect or creeping shrubs, of the genus Cotoneaster, that have pinkish flowers and red berries.


chokecherry

From choke + cherry, so called from the extreme astringency of the fresh fruit.

The youngster-loved chokecherry grows both as a bushy shrub and as a tree seldom higher than 22 feet, its branches bending with clusters of darkening red or blackish purple berrylike drupes . . .

1981, Bradford Angier, Field Guide to Medicinal Wild Plants:

Prunus virginiana
Prunus virginiana#Translingual

Any of several American wild cherry trees, especially Prunus virginiana.

черемха

Canada [by analogy with European bird cherry]


manuka

manuka (countable and uncountable, plural manukas)

1912, Katherine Mansfield, The Woman at the Store, from "Selected Short Stories"
There was nothing to be seen but wave after wave of tussock grass - patched with purple orchids and manuka bushes covered with thick spider webs.

Leptospermum scoparium
Leptospermum scoparium#Translingual

Leptospermum scoparium, a shrub or small tree native to New Zealand and southeast Australia.


tea tree

Camellia sinensis
Camellia sinensis#Translingual

The tea plant (Camellia sinensis), from which black, green, oolong and white tea are all obtained.

It was a subject requiring the figure. The figure of a girl standing in the water, dappled by light and shade through the tea-tree, with the sunlit bank behind her. Bradly scanned the lagoon up and down, searching the clumps of mangrove for the figure of a girl.

1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 77:

The tree Melaleuca alternifolia, from which tea tree oil is obtained.

A shrub or small tree native to New Zealand and southeast Australia (Leptospermum scoparium).

Lycium barbarum
Lycium barbarum#Translingual

The duke of Argyll's tea tree (Lycium barbarum), also known as wolfberry or matrimony vine.

Cordyline fruticosa
Cordyline fruticosa#Translingual


calamondin

Citrus × microcarpa
Citrus × microcarpa#Translingual

Citrofortunella mitis
Citrofortunella mitis

A small decorative evergreen citrus tree, of the hybrid Citrus × microcarpa (syn. ×Citrofortunella mitis), sometimes cultivated for its fruit.


spirea

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek σπεῖρα (speîra, “coil”).

Any of the many flowering shrubs of the genus Spiraea, that have clusters of white or pink flowers.

Any of the flowering plants of the genus Astilbe.


speedwell

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-speedwell.wav


McIntosh

en-proper noun

McIntosh (countable and uncountable, plural McIntoshes)

Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Mac an Tòisiche.

A number of places in the United States:

A city, the county seat of Corson County, South Dakota.


cherry blossom

en-noun

cherry blossom (countable and uncountable, plural cherry blossoms)

The blossom or flower of the cherry tree, particularly the Japanese cherry (Prunus serrulata).


fumed oak

[…] the lower half of a fumed-oak newel post.

1973, Thomas Pynchon, Gravity's Rainbow:

oak that has been exposed to ammonia fumes to darken its color.


dittany

dittany (countable and uncountable, plural dittanies)

From Old French ditan (French dictame), from Latin dictamnum, from Ancient Greek δίκταμνον (díktamnon), reportedly from Δίκτη (Díktē, “Dicte”), a mountain in Crete on whose slopes the plant grew.

common dittany, stone mint, frost mint, American dittany

(US) A fragrant herb in the mint family native to the eastern United States (Cunila origanoides).


Cadillac

From French Cadillac, from Occitan Cadilhac.
Most places or objects named Cadillac are named for Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, a French explorer who founded the eponymous city in Maine and later the city of Detroit, Michigan.

A city, the county seat of Wexford County, Michigan, United States.


poison ivy

poison ivy (countable and uncountable, plural poison ivies)

Any of three ivy-like species of Toxicodendron, known for their ability to cause an itching rash and blistering for most people, through urushiol, an oil that is a skin irritant.

لَبْلَاب

one of several ivy-like urushiol-producing plants


toxicodendron

Those from the various toxicodendrons are similar or identical to one another, irrespective of species, and are referred to as urushiol or laccol, depending on chemical structure.

2004, Donald G. Crosby, The Poisoned Weed: Plants Toxic to Skin, page 22:

Any of the plants in the genus Toxicodendron, including poison ivy, poison oak, etc.


canistel

From dialectal variant of Spanish canastillo (“small basket”), from Latin canistellum, diminutive of canistrum (“basket”).

A tropical tree, Pouteria campechiana, from Central America and the Caribbean, that bears a sweet oval fruit.


cade

From Middle English cade, kad, kod, ultimately of unknown origin.

(of an animal) abandoned by its mother and reared by hand


cade

Then on the verdrous Bank, where Spices rose, Rowl on the balmy Grass, or smiling play With her young Cade, her caded Lamb with Smiles Answer'd her Love, and lickt her dainty hand.

1720, John Bulkeley, The Last-Day: Poem in XII Books, page 54:

An animal brought up or nourished by hand.


cade

Borrowed from Middle French cade, from Old Occitan cade, from Latin catanum.

Juniperus oxycedrus
Juniperus oxycedrus#Translingual

western prickly juniper
western prickly juniper

Juniperus oxycedrus (western prickly juniper), whose wood yields a tar.


dao

From the pinyin romanization of Chinese 道 (Dào, literally “the Way”) or (dào, "circuit").

(historical) Synonym of circuit: various administrative divisions of imperial and early Republican China.


protea

Named after Proteus, the Greek warden of sea-beasts, renowned for his ability to change shape.

Any of many South African flowering plants, of the genus Protea, having colourful cone-shaped flower heads.


greasewood

greasewood (countable and uncountable, plural greasewoods)

He worked his way north among the tall cactuses and greasewood, staying just out of sight of the railroad.

2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, page 445:

Spiny shrubs containing oil, of the genus Sarcobatus, native to the United States, especially Sarcobatus vermiculatus.


blue bonnet

Centaurea cyanus
Centaurea cyanus#Translingual

Any of several blue flowering plants, especially cornflower, Centaurea cyanus, and plants of the genus Scabiosa.

ruiskaunokki

blue flower, Centaurea cyanus or plant of the genus Scabiosa


kingwood

kingwood (countable and uncountable, plural kingwoods)

Dalbergia cearensis, a Brazilian tree having a violet-brown, hard texture.


silver birch

The taproots of trees like the false acacia, growing between Park Royal and Alperton, thrust deeply into the ground, while the spreading roots of the silver birch stitch the soil.

1950 July, “Traveller's Joy”, in Railway Magazine, page ii (advertisement):

Betula pendula
Betula pendula#Translingual

A European deciduous tree, Betula pendula, characterised by white peeling bark and drooping branches.


pau d'arco

From Portuguese pau-d’arco (literally “bow wood”). Compare bois d’arc.


butternut

en-noun

butternut (countable and uncountable, plural butternuts)

He made a delicious butternut soup.

Butternut squash
butternut squash#English

(informal outside South Africa) Butternut squash.


eastern red cedar

eastern red cedar (countable and uncountable, plural eastern red cedars)

Juniperus virginiana
Juniperus virginiana#Translingual

A species of juniper, Juniperus virginiana, of eastern North America.


limequat

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-limequat.wav

A citrus tree, a cross between a lime and a kumquat, Citrus × floridana


orangequat

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-orangequat.wav

Citrus aurantium
Citrus aurantium#Translingual

A citrus tree, a cross between an orange and a kumquat


guarana

From Brazilian Portuguese guaraná, from Guaraní guara-ná, from Sateré-Mawé warana.

A tree, Paullinia cupana, native to Venezuela and northern Brazil.


iyokan

A citrus fruit from Japan, with a more bitter taste than an orange, Citrus × iyo.


korlan

Nephelium hypoleucum, a tropical tree of the Sapindaceae family.


longan

Borrowed from Cantonese 龍眼 /龙眼 (lung⁴ ngaan⁵, literally “dragon’s eye”). Doublet of Longyan (“grape”).

bor+

An evergreen tree, Dimocarpus longan, of the Sapindaceae family, native to southern China.


mamoncillo

Melicoccus bijugatus, a tree of the Sapindaceae family, native to Central and South America.


olivewood

en-noun

olivewood (countable and uncountable, plural olivewoods)

Any of several ornamental trees of the genus Cassine.


purpleheart

purpleheart (countable and uncountable, plural purplehearts)

(countable) A large tropical tree, of the genus Peltogyne, native to parts of South America and the West Indies

pau-violeta

a large tropical tree, of the genus Peltogyne, native to parts of South America and the West Indies


quetsch

quetsch (countable and uncountable, plural quetsches)

From French quetsche, from Lorraine German Quetsche (standard German Zwetschge), ultimately from Latin damascēna. Doublet of damson.


touch-me-not

touch-me-not (countable and uncountable, plural touch-me-nots)

Mimosa pudica
Mimosa pudica#Translingual

Any of several (not closely related) plants which react when touched.

Ecballium elaterium
Ecballium elaterium#Translingual

The squirting cucumber (Ecballium elaterium).


maple sugar

maple sugar (countable and uncountable, plural maple sugars)

MAPLE SUGAR SANDWICH: On thin slices of lightly buttered white bread spread maple sugar, put slices together and cut with a maple leaf cutter. Serve with hot coffee.

1909, Eva Greene Fuller, The Up-To-Date Sandwich Book: 400 Ways to Make a Sandwich, page 159:

A type of sugar made by boiling the sap of the sugar maple.

楓糖 /枫糖

type of sugar made from boiled maple sap


sugarhouse

Holonym: sugarbush

(Canada, New England) A small cabin or shack where sap collected from sugar maples is boiled into maple syrup.


sugar off

en-verb

sugar off (third-person singular simple present sugars off, present participle sugaring off, simple past and past participle sugared off)

sugars off (present singular third-person)
sugaring off (participle present)
sugared off (participle past)
sugared off (past)

(intransitive) To reduce maple sap by boiling to make maple syrup, maple sugar or maple toffee.


golden shower

Two elderly women sat knitting on that part of the veranda which was screened from the sun by a golden shower creeper […]

1952, Doris Lessing, Martha Quest, Panther, published 1974, page 7:

Cassia fistula
Cassia fistula#Translingual


dillseed

The pungent seed of the dill plant, used as a flavouring.


black pine

en-noun

black pine (countable and uncountable, plural black pines)

A pine tree, genus Pinus, of darker foliage than most other species:

A Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii);

A Jeffrey pine (Pinus jeffreyi), principally of California.

Matai (Prumnopitys taxifolia), a New Zealand conifer;

Prumnopitys taxifolia
Prumnopitys taxifolia#Translingual

(uncountable) A certain red alga, of species Neorhodomela larix, found in intertidal areas of the North Pacific.


common bean

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris#Translingual

An herbaceous annual plant (Phaseolus vulgaris), grown for its edible bean.


haricot

From French haricot, from Middle French haricot, a deverbal derivation of Old French harigoter (“to tear up, shred, slice up, slice into pieces”), from Frankish *hariōn (“to ruin, lay waste, ravage, plunder, destroy”), from Proto-Germanic *harjōną (“to plunder, lay waste, harry”). Cognate with Middle High German verheeren (“to harry”), Old English herġian (“to lay waste, ravage, plunder”). More at harry.

cog

/ˈhæɹ.ɪ.kəʊ/

/ˈɑːɹ.ɪ.kəʊ/

/ˈɑːɹ.ɪ.koʊ/


shaddock

→ Cajun French: chadègue

→ Haitian Creole: chadèk

→ Louisiana Creole: shadèg

→ Irish: seadóg

A clipping of earlier shaddock-tree. Popularly claimed to be from a "Captain Shaddock" of the British East India Company who introduced its seeds to Barbados from Southeast Asia. However, there are various historical problems concerning this lore, mainly pertaining to records of the purported seaman's surname; for one thorough review see this article by Shattocke Family history here (nota bene: Dead link. Try similar substitute page). Compare etymology of shrapnel, veritably also from a British officer's surname.
The surname itself is of Old English origin; probably from or related to Chaddock at Lancashire, an estate in the township of Tyldesley, in the parish of Leigh (see Chaddock Hall). The second particle may be descended from the diminutive suffix -ock, but it is more likely ultimately cognate with English oak. However, Shaddock is an attested old variant of the name Chadwick and it may simply be from that.

Elizabeth Millar had five acres under shaddocks, callaloo, peppers and calabash.

2010, Andrea Levy, The Long Song, Tinder Press (2017), page 302:

Synonym of pomelo, in all its senses including (inexact) grapefruit.

Barbados
Chaddock Hall
East India Company
pomelo


heather-bell

The Phoenicians slept under their piled grey rocks; the chimneys of the old mines pointed starkly; early moths blurred the heather-bells; cartwheels could be heard grinding on the road beneath; and the suck and sighing of the waves sounded gently, persistently, for ever.

1922, Virginia Woolf, Jacob's Room, Vintage Classics, paperback edition, page 171

Erica cinerea
Erica cinerea#Translingual

a plant of species Erica cinerea native to western and central Europe,; bell heather


aralia

en-noun

aralia (countable and uncountable, plural aralias)

Spikenard and any of many related ornamental and food plants, of the genus Aralia, from Asia and the Americas.

aralia

any of the ornamental and food plants of the genus Aralia


horny goat weed

erectile dysfunction
erectile dysfunction

An Asian herb, of the genus Epimedium, used in traditional Chinese medicine for erectile dysfunction


whin

whin (countable and uncountable, plural whins)

From Middle English whynne, from Old Norse hvein (“gorse, furze”) (compare Norwegian kvein (“bent grass”), Swedish ven (“bent grass”), dialectal hven (“swamp”)), apparently from hvein (“swampy land”), from Proto-Germanic *hwainō, *hwin- (“swamp; moor”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱʷeyn- (“to soil; mud; filth”). Compare Latin caenum (“filth”), Latin inquīnō (“to sully; soil”).

inh

Genista tinctoria
Genista tinctoria#Translingual

The plant woad-waxen (Genista tinctoria).


lenga

A deciduous tree native to the southern Andes, taxonomic name Nothofagus pumilio.


mullein

en-noun

mullein (usually uncountable, plural mulleins)

From Middle English moleyne, from Anglo-Norman moleine, which is either a Celtic borrowing and derived from Proto-Celtic *melinos (“yellow”) from *meli (“honey”) – an adjective found in Breton melen (“yellow”) and Welsh melyn (“yellow”) – or from mol (“soft”), from Latin mollis (“soft”), referencing the plant's fluffy, downy leaves, also apparent in synonyms such as feltwort, flannel leaf, and velvet plant.

There be foure ſortes of Mulleyne, as [Pedanius] Dioſcorides writeth: wherof yͤ two firſt are white Mulleyne, and of them one is Male, and the other female: The third is blacke Mulleyne: The fourth is wilde Mulleyne. […] The white male Mulleyn (or rather Wolleyn) hath […] the whole top with his pleaſant yellow floures ſheweth like to a waxe Candell or taper cunningly wrought.

1578, Rembert Dodoens, translated by Henry Lyte, A Niewe Herball, or Historie of Plantes: […], London: […] [Henry [i.e., Hendrik van der] Loë for] Gerard Dewes, […], →OCLC, 1st part (Sundry Sortes of Herbes and Plantes), page 118:

As we all know, witches ride through the air on a broom, but sometimes their means of locomotion was a bulrush, a branch of thorn, mullein stalks, cornstalk, or ragweed, called fairies' horse in Ireland.

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 267:

Any of a few hundred species of European and Asian plants, of the genus Verbascum, especially that majority that have yellow flowers. Some species have been introduced to other continents, where some are now seen as invasive pests. Some species, though far from all, have downy leaves, hence common names such as: "velvet plant".


horseflesh

Bahama mahogany, wood from species Lysiloma sabicu and Lysiloma latisiliquum.


broadleaf

broadleaf (countable and uncountable, plural broadleafs or broadleaves)

broadleafs (plural)
broadleaves (plural)

Terminalia catappa
Terminalia catappa#Translingual

A tree (Terminalia latifolia, now Terminalia catappa) of Jamaica.


coneflower

prairie coneflower

esp. Ratibida columnifera; Lepachys columnifera; Obelisteca columnifera

Any of several similar flowering plants of tribe Heliantheae in order Asterales, in genera Dracopis, Echinacea, Rudbeckia, and Ratibida, that have a cone-shaped disk of florets.

Any of certain species of genus Isopogon, in order Proteales, principally of temperate Australia


marasca

Prunus cerasus
Prunus cerasus#Translingual

A European cultivar of the wild cherry, Prunus cerasus, that bears bright red fruit used for making maraschino.


mock-orange

Any of many shrubs of the genus Philadelphus having white, fragrant flowers, for which they are cultivated outside their natural range

Philadelphus lewisii (Lewis' mock-orange), of western North America


ocotillo

/əʊkəˈtɪləʊ/

From American Spanish ocotillo, from ocote.

It had rained in the night, and some of the ocotillo fences had sprouted some green.

2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, page 731:

Fouquieria splendens
Fouquieria splendens#Translingual

Any of various succulent plants, not closely related to the cactus, in genus Fouquieria, especially Fouquieria splendens, living in Central America or the southwest United States.


leather leaf

A shrub (Chamaedaphne calyculata) found in the cool temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere.


oakleaf

(military) A device, badge or emblem shaped like the leaf of an oak, and indicating an award. (see Oak leaves)