African violet

Any perennial plant of section Streptocarpus sect. Saintpaulia (formerly genus Saintpaulia), especially Streptocarpus ionantha, with fine haired round leaves and velvety petals.

violeta africana

perennial plant of the genus Saintpaulia


Busy Lizzie

A common flowering plant, Impatiens walleriana.


camellia

From New Latin Camellia, named after Moravian botanist Joseph Kamel (‘Camellus’) (1661–1706). The Czech surname Kamel is a variant of Kamil.

named-after

Palms towered majestically over the heads of the lower shrubs, and camellias, stephanotis, and many other semi-tropical flowers were growing luxuriantly in the open air.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 22:

I already hinted at the problem of sea eutrophication (where excess nutrients cause algae to flourish) due to the phosphates that used to be added to washing powder, and, surely, it is not pleasant for plants to find underfoot (or, better, "underroot") those surfactants we use daily at home (please, never pour your dishwater on the roots of a magnificent camellia, even if it is blooming in the garden of a next-door neighbor you cannot stand).

2011, Roberto Piazza, Soft Matter: The stuff that dreams are made of, page 130:

Camellia japonica
Camellia japonica#Translingual

Camellia sinensis
Camellia sinensis#Translingual

Any plant of the genus Camellia, shrubs and small trees native to Asia; Camellia japonica is the most popular as a garden plant; Camellia sinensis is the tea plant.


cowslip

From Middle English cowslyppe, from Old English cūslyppe (“cowslip”), from cū (“cow”) + slyppe (“paste, viscid substance”), related to Old English slūpan (“to slip, glide, move softly”). Compare oxlip.

cog

Where the bee sucks, there suck I: / In a cowslip's bell I lie;

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene i]:

Here is spring were celandine, marsh marigold, wind-flower, primrose, cowslip and dog's violet.

1977, K.M. Elizabeth Murray, Caught in the Web of Words, Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 13:

Primula veris
Primula veris#Translingual

A low-growing plant, Primula veris, with yellow flowers.

Any of several other plants related or similar in appearance

Primula deorum, a flowering plant known as God's cowslip and rila cowslip

Primula florindae, a flowering plant known as giant cowslip and Tibetan cowslip

Primula sikkimensis, a flowering plant known as Himalayan cowslip and Sikkim cowslip

(Canada, US, regional) marsh marigold, Caltha palustris, a plant in the buttercup family, growing in wet, boggy locations.

Caltha palustris
Caltha palustris#Translingual

Pulmonaria angustifolia, blue cowslip or narrow-leaved lungwort

Short for cowslip tea: a kind of green tea; an herbal tea made with cowslip flowers.


evening primrose

en-noun

evening primrose (plural evening primroses)

Any of various flowering plants of the genus Oenothera or Camissonia, in the family Onagraceae,

Oenothera biennis
Oenothera biennis#Translingual

especially the common evening primrose, Oenothera biennis.

The evening primrose plant family (Onagraceae) offers an ideal system to test predictions relating to the role of sexual recombination and segregation on diversification (Fig. 1). In many evening primrose species […].

2011 June 7, Marc T. J. Johnson, Richard G. FitzJohn, Stacey D. Smith, Mark D. Rausher, Sarah P. Otto, “LOSS OF SEXUAL RECOMBINATION AND SEGREGATION IS ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED DIVERSIFICATION IN EVENING PRIMROSES”, in Evolution, volume 65, number 11:

Specifically, we ask whether sexual evening primrose plant lineages (Onagraceae) have faster rates of adaptive molecular evolution and altered gene expression of a class I chitinase, a gene implicated in defence against pathogens, than functionally asexual evening primrose lineages.

2012, E. I. HERSCH‐GREEN, H. MYBURG, M. T. J. JOHNSON, “Adaptive molecular evolution of a defence gene in sexual but not functionally asexual evening primroses”, in Journal of Evolutionary Biology, volume 25, number 8:

The Myrtaceae is a dicot family in the class Rosidae which also includes the rose and mallow families and falls into the order Myrtales along with the families Lathraceae, Punicaceae (pomegranates) and Onagraceae (evening primroses)

2012, SK Mitra, TKS Irenaeus, MR Gurung…, “Taxonomy and importance of Myrtaceae”, in Symposium on Guava, actahort.org:

Any plant of family Onagraceae, the evening primrose family.


hollyhock

From Middle English holihocke, holyhokke, holihoc, from holi (“holy”) + hocke, hokke, hoc (“mallow”) (from Old English hoc (“marsh mallow”). The modern hollyhock was probably unknown in England until the 15th century, so usage before then no doubt referred to some other mallow.
Apparently so-called for being brought from the Holy Land; compare an old name for it in Medieval Latin cauli Sancti Cuthberti (“St. Cuthbert's cole”).

noncog

No cottage in Coughton boasted taller hollyhocks, nor finer Michaelmas daisies in the autumn than Dame Magdalen’s almshouses; […]

1842, [Katherine] Thomson, chapter X, in Widows and Widowers. A Romance of Real Life., volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, pages 227–228:

Any of several flowering plants of the genus Alcea in the Malvaceae family.

long-sepal wild hollyhock (Iliamna longisepala

wild hollyhock

Callirhoe, Sidalcea, Sphaeralcea spp., Iliamna bakeri, Iliamna rivularis


honeysuckle

en-noun

honeysuckle (countable and uncountable, plural honeysuckles)

From Middle English honysokel, honisokel, honysocle, hunisuccle, perhaps an alteration of Middle English honysoke, honysouke (“honeysuckle”) (whence honeysuck), from Old English huniġsūce, huniġsūge (“honeysuckle”); equivalent to honey + suck + -le, or honeysuck + -le.

There was nothing of that luxuriance of blossom which had hitherto clothed the wood, for there were no hawthorns; but the bog-myrtle imparted its tender fragrance, and the caressing honeysuckle wound round many an ancient trunk, odours exhaling from every fairy-like tube—fit trumpets for the heralds of Titania.

1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter V, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 56:

Any of the many species of arching shrubs and climbing vines of the genus Lonicera in the Caprifoliaceae family, many with sweet smelling, bell shaped flowers.

Any of several species of superficially similar plants from Australia

Banksia aquilonia
Banksia aquilonia#Translingual

Lambertia multiflora (many-flowered honeysuckle)

Bothered by the conviction of making no impression on her, he pulled up at a strip of road shaded by tall spotted gums, blackbutt, and honeysuckle, and produced a packet of cigarettes. "About time for a smoke-O," he said, "Have a fag, Cora."

1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 169:


almond tree

Prunus amygdalus
Prunus amygdalus#Translingual

A tree that bears almonds (Prunus amygdalus).

Terminalia catappa
Terminalia catappa#Translingual

An Indian almond tree (Terminalia catappa).


peony

From Old English peonie, peonia et al., from Latin paeōnia; later reinforced by Anglo-Norman peonie, Old French peone, from Latin paeōnia, from Hellenistic Ancient Greek παιωνία (paiōnía), from Ancient Greek Παιών (Paiṓn, “Paeon, the physician of the gods”)/παιών (paiṓn, “a physician”).

der

The root of the Male Peony fresh gathered has been found by experience to cure the falling-sickness.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio Society, published 2007, page 219:

There might ye ſee the pioney ſpread vvide, / The full-blovvn roſe, the ſhepherd and his laſs, / Lap-dog and lambkin vvith black ſtaring eyes, / And parrots vvith tvvin cherries in their beak.

1785, William Cowper, “Book I. The Sofa.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC, page 3:

'Twas early June, the new grass was flourishing everywheres, the posies in the yard—peonies and such—in full bloom, the sun was shining, and the water of the bay was blue, with light green streaks where the shoal showed.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

Peony would keep away any kind of storms. Mugwort hung over doorways on Midsummer's Day, June 24, would keep off lightning, as St. John's-Wort would if gathered before sunrise on that day.

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 258:

Mr. Farzan’s narrow backyard in Brooklyn’s South Slope neighborhood is a lush, if slightly chaotic, oasis. There are Fuji apples, Meyer lemons, figs, peonies and avocados — although that’s far from a complete census of all that grows there.

2023 September 29, Molly Fitzpatrick, “He’s the Pawpaw King of Brooklyn. (What’s a Pawpaw?)”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

A flowering plant of the genus Paeonia with large fragrant flowers.


phlox

en-noun

phlox (countable and uncountable, plural phlox or phloxes)

From New Latin Phlox, from Ancient Greek φλόξ (phlóx, “flame”).


scarlet pimpernel

scarlet pimpernel (plural scarlet pimpernels)

[T]ogether they went north and were at Silloth in August, where James picked a scarlet pimpernel to press for her album[.]

1977, K.M. Elizabeth Murray, Caught in the Web of Words, Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 65:

Anagallis arvensis
Anagallis arvensis#Translingual

(botany) A flowering plant, Anagallis arvensis, of the Primulaceae family, having small orange flowers.


sweet pea

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sweet pea.wav

No one had such pinks as he had; his sweet-william was unrivaled,—he had only half a dozen geraniums, but then they were such geraniums,—the cottage, once an unsightly little mass of lath and plaster, was now besprinkled with roses; and then, his sweet peas were in blossom, and, fortunately for him who had not much to do, they required a great deal of sticking and tying.

1842, [Katherine] Thomson, chapter IX, in Widows and Widowers. A Romance of Real Life., volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, page 162:

A flowering plant, Lathyrus odoratus, grown for its bright colours and sweet fragrance.


wallflower

A polypetalous corolla is either cruciform, as in a wall-flower, rosaceous, papilionaceous, as in the pea kind, or incomplete, when some parts found in analogous flowers are wanting.

1809, William Nicholson, “BOTANY”, in The British Encyclopedia, or Dictionary of Arts and Sciences; […], volume I (A … B), London: Printed by C[harles] Whittingham, […]; for Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, […], →OCLC, column 1:

Any of several short-lived herbs or shrubs of the Erysimum genus with bright yellow to red flowers.

Gastrolobium grandiflorum, a poisonous bushy shrub, endemic to Australia.

Mrs. Galbraith shook all over with laughter as she replied, "Hear that boy, asking me to dance ! I'm content to be a wallflower, now-a-days."

1878, Fannie Bean, Dr. Mortimer's Patient: A Novel, page 23:

And now, by virtue of his office, he is entitled to a seat in the Grand Lodge. Is it any wonder he is a wall-flower there […]

1885, The Freemason's Repository, page 133:

It is a triumph, of course, to have plenty of partners, and not to be a wallflower for a single dance.

1897, Mrs. C. E. Humphry, Manners for Women, page 53:

Jack Breen was a wallflower; still at the same time I noticed he was cultivating an ornamental smile — a Jack of Trumps, you bet.

She was a wallflower in a sleepy little town itself a wallflower. She was a joke to the village wits and a byword to the village belles.

"Where--oh. Hidden in the corner. You two aren't already going all wallflower, are you?" "We are not wallflowers." "To be fair, I can be. But then I get mad at myself for it and get all loud and snarky."

2013 May 22, Dan Shive, El Goonish Shive (webcomic), Comic for Wednesday, May 22, 2013:

Second City was a wallflower at the show business ball. It needed to be. Improvisers needed to fail, and fail safely; and in the Midwest, far from Broadway and Hollywood, they really could. Second-class stature was the secret ingredient, ...

2017, Sam Wasson, Improv Nation: How We Made a Great American Art, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN, page 94:

A person who does not dance at a party, due to shyness or unpopularity; by extension, anyone who is left on the sidelines while an activity takes place.

I've always been a wallflower, even in my own home. But, I'm willing to learn to be a part of your world. I would like to. I have already told my parents that I want to go to soirées.

2019, Liz Tyner, To Win a Wallflower, Harlequin, →ISBN:

(informal) Any person who is socially awkward, shy, or reserved.


wallflower

en-verb

wallflower (third-person singular simple present wallflowers, present participle wallflowering, simple past and past participle wallflowered)

wallflowers (present singular third-person)
wallflowering (participle present)
wallflowered (participle past)
wallflowered (past)

[…] the idea that a full tango experience is impossible without the presence of wallflowers and without the threat of wallflowering as the potential dancers enter the tango club.

2010, Alexandra Carter, Janet O'Shea, The Routledge Dance Studies Reader, page 237:

(intransitive) To stand shyly apart from a dance, waiting to be asked to join in.


water lily

Any of various members of the Nymphaeaceae family that are tuberous plants, rooted in soil with leaves (lily pads) and flowers floating on the water surface.

Species of genus Nymphoides, fringed water lily and similar plants.


maga

Thespesia grandiflora, a tree native to Puerto Rico also planted elsewhere for its fairness and the working properties of its wood.


filbert

Earlier filbert-nut, Philibert-nut, from Middle English filbert-note, from Anglo-Norman noix de filbert, so named because they are ripe near Saint Philibert’s Day.

cobnut

usually the common hazel (Corylus avellana) which grows in the UK and Europe

A paintbrush used in oil and acrylic painting with a long ferrule and a curving, tongue-shaped head.


blackjack

en-noun

blackjack (countable and uncountable, plural blackjacks)

→ Polish: blackjack

A little creek ran through the land, and the prairie rolled a little there, too. Nothing but blackjacks for miles around it, but on that section, because of the water, I suppose, there were elms and persimmons and cottonwoods and even a grove of pecans.

A steep slope rose, crested by stunted blackjacks.

1931, William Faulkner, Sanctuary, Library of America, published 1985, page 20:


baobab

→ Japanese: バオバブ (baobabu)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin bahobab, from Arabic أَبُو حِبَاب (ʔabū ḥibāb, “father of many seeds”), from أَبُو (ʔabū, “father”) + حَبّ (ḥabb, “seed”).

der

أَبُو حِبَاب

Adansonia digitata
Adansonia digitata#Translingual

A tree, Adansonia digitata, native to tropical Africa, having a broad swollen trunk and edible gourd-like hanging fruits.


allspice

en-noun

allspice (countable and uncountable, plural allspices)

all + spice, as it was thought to combine the flavours of various other spices.

Pimenta dioica
Pimenta dioica#Translingual

(uncountable) A spice; the dried and ground unripe fruit of Pimenta dioica, thought to combine the flavours of several spices, such as cinnamon, nutmeg and cloves.

(countable) Pimenta dioica, an evergreen tree of tropical America with aromatic berries.


asafoetida

asafoetida (usually uncountable, plural asafoetidas)

/ˌæsəˈfɛtɪdə/

Late Middle English, from Medieval Latin asafoetida, from Persian ازا / آزا (azâ, âzâ, “mastic”) + Latin foetida, feminine of foetidus (“bad-smelling”).

Nigh Whormoot are Duzgun, Laztan-De, and other Townes, where is got the best Assa-Fætida through all the Orient: the tree is like our brier in height, the leaves resemble Fig leaves, the root the Radish: the vertue had need be much, it stincks so odiously.

1638, Thomas Herbert, Some Yeares Travels, section II:

CHEWING-BALLS, a kind of balls made of aſafœtida, liver of antimony, bay-wood, juniper-wood, and pellitory of Spain; which being dried in the ſun, and wrapped in a linen-cloth, are tied to the bit of the bridle for the horſe to chew: they create an appetite; and it is ſaid, that balls of Venice treacle may be uſed in the ſame manner with good ſucceſs.

1771, Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1st ed., volume II, page 183:

The smell, too, is often perverted—Parosmia. The author was formerly acquainted with a lady, who scented her snuff with the tincture of assafœtida.

1842, Robley Dunglison, “Of the Neuroses”, in The Practice of Medicine; or, A Treatise on Special Pathology and Therapeutics. […], volume II, Philadelphia, Pa.: Lea and Blanchard, →OCLC, book VI (Diseases of the Nervous System), page 280:

half-a-dozen huge bread pills, dipped in a solution of aloes or cinnamon water, flavoured with assafœtida, which in the case of the dyspeptic rich often suffice [...].

1855, Sir Richard Burton, Personal Narrative of a Pilgrimage to Al-Madinah & Meccah, Dover, published 1964, page 54:

For black magic, assafœtida, garlic, dragon's blood, sulphur, and such-like vile-smelling concoctions were used.

1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 155:

The letter she sent me stank of assafoetida or devil’s dung. I was charmed.

1993, Anthony Burgess, A Dead Man In Deptford:

Ferula assa-foetida
Ferula assa-foetida#Translingual

A resinous gum from the stem and roots of Ferula species such as Ferula foetida and Ferula assa-foetida, having a strong, unpleasant smell, with culinary and medical uses.


caraway

caraway (countable and uncountable, plural caraways)

From Middle English caraway, carewey, carwey, from Medieval Latin carui, from Arabic كَرَاوِيَا (karāwiyā), via Aramaic from Ancient Greek καρώ (karṓ), κάρον (káron, “caraway”).

A biennial plant, Carum carvi, native to Europe and Asia, mainly grown for its seed to be used as a culinary spice.


cassia

cassia (countable and uncountable, plural cassias or cassiæ)

From Latin cassia (“cinnamon”), from Ancient Greek κασσία, κασία, κάσια (kassía, kasía, kásia), from Hebrew קְצִיעָה (qəṣīʿā), from Aramaic קְצִיעֲתָא (qəṣīʿătā), from קְצַע (qṣaʿ, “to cut off”). Compare Kezia.

der

κασσία, κασία, κάσια

Hebrew קְצִיעָה (qəṣīʿā)

Aramaic קְצִיעֲתָא (qəṣīʿătā)

(uncountable) The spice made from the bark of members of the genus Cinnamomum other than true cinnamon (C. verum), when they are distinguished from cinnamon.

The Daughters of the Flood have ſearch'd the Mead / For Violets pale, and cropt the Poppy's Head: / The Short Narciſſus and fair Daffodil, / Pancies to pleaſe the Sight, and Caſſia ſvveet to ſmell: […]

1697, Virgil, “The Second Pastoral. Or, Alexis.”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, page 6:

Cinnamomum cassia
Cinnamomum cassia#Translingual

(countable) Such trees themselves, particularly the Chinese cinnamon, Cinnamomum cassia.

(countable) Any of several tropical leguminous plants, of the genus Cassia.

(countable) Any of several tropical leguminous plants, of the genus Senna.

(countable, mistranslation from Chinese) The sweet osmanthus (O. fragrans).


coriander

en-noun

coriander (usually uncountable, plural corianders)

→ Japanese: コリアンダー (koriandā)

/ˌkɒɹiˈændə/

/ˈkɔɹiˌændɚ/

/ˌkɔɹiˈændɚ/

From Middle English coriandre, from Anglo-Norman coriandre, from Old French corïandre, from Latin coriandrum, from Ancient Greek κορίανδρον (koríandron), of uncertain origin. Doublet of cilantro.
cognates, etc.
Compare Ancient Greek κορίαννον (koríannon), κορίαμβλον (koríamblon), Mycenaean Greek 𐀒𐀪𐁀𐀅𐀙 (ko-ri-a2-da-na), 𐀒𐀪𐀊𐀅𐀙 (ko-ri-ja-da-na), 𐀒𐀪𐀊𐀈𐀜 (ko-ri-ja-do-no), 𐀒𐀪𐀍𐀅𐀙 (ko-ri-jo-da-na), Akkadian 𒌑𒄷𒌷𒌝 (^úḫurium) Aramaic כסברה (kusbara, “coriander”), Classical Syriac ܟܽܘܣܒܰܪܬܳܐ (kūsbartā, “coriander”) and Arabic كُزْبَرَة (kuzbara).
Beekes supposes that cluster -dn- implies a Pre-Greek word, and hypothesizes that *koriaⁿdro- may have dissimilated to *koriaⁿdno-.

cog

Vietnamese coriander (Persicaria odorata

(US) The dried fruits thereof, used as a spice.


cumin

en-noun

cumin (usually uncountable, plural cumins)

From Middle English comyn, from Old English cymen (which is cognate with Old High German kumin) and Old French cummin, both from Latin cuminum, from Ancient Greek κύμινον (kúminon), a Semitic borrowing ultimately to be traced to Akkadian 𒂵𒈬𒉡 (Ú.GAMUN /kamūnu/, “cumin”). Possibly related to caraway.

der

Cumin is native to the region from the eastern Mediterranean to India.

Cuminum cyminum
Cuminum cyminum#Translingual

The flowering plant Cuminum cyminum, in the family Apiaceae.

Coordinate term: caraway

Cumin was often an ingredient of such love potions since it produced the effect of retention in whoever ate it.

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 269:

Its aromatic long seed, used as a spice, notably in Indian, Middle Eastern, and Mexican cookery.


fennel

en-noun

fennel (usually uncountable, plural fennels)

From the Middle English fenel, from the late Old English finuðl, finule (weak feminine forms); fenol, finul (masculine forms), from Proto-West Germanic *fenukl, from the Vulgar Latin *fēnuclum, fēnoclum, from Late Latin fēnuculum, from the Classical Latin faeniculum, a diminutive form of faenum (“hay”); compare the Italian finocchio, the Occitan fenolh, the French fenouil, and the Spanish hinojo. Doublet of finocchio.

Foeniculum vulgare
Foeniculum vulgare#Translingual

A plant, Foeniculum vulgare, of the parsley family, which has a sweet, anise-like flavor.


fenugreek

fenugreek (usually uncountable, plural fenugreeks)

/ˈfɛnjʊˌɡɹiːk/

/ˈfɛnjəˌɡɹiːk/

From Middle English fenygreke, fenegrek, from Old French fenugrec, fengrec, from Latin foenum-graecum, from foenum (“hay”, variant of faenum) + graecum (“Greek”, neuter form of graecus), literally “Greek hay”.

Fenugreek plant was introduced to Central Europe by Benedictine monks, and it is promoted in the 9th century by Charlemagne. It was grown extensively in the imperial gardens of Charlemagne (Popova, 2017).

2019, Muhammad Asif Hanif, Medicinal Plants of South Asia, Elsevier, →ISBN, page 260:

Trigonella foenum-graecum
Trigonella foenum-graecum#Translingual

Any of the species leguminous plant, Trigonella foenum-graecum, eaten as a vegetable and with seeds used as a spice.


liquorice

liquorice (countable and uncountable, plural liquorices)

From licorice by association with liquor.

UK, Ireland, India, and South Africa standard spelling of licorice.


licorice

licorice (usually uncountable, plural licorices)

From Middle English lycorys, from Old French licoresse, from Late Latin liquiritia, alteration of Ancient Greek γλυκύρριζα (glukúrrhiza): γλυκύς (glukús, “sweet”) + ῥίζα (rhíza, “root”) (English glucose, English rhizome). Doublet of glycyrrhiza.

Glycyrrhiza glabra
Glycyrrhiza glabra#Translingual

(countable) A plant of species Glycyrrhiza glabra, or sometimes in North America, the related American licorice plant Glycyrrhiza lepidota.


tamarind

tamarind (countable and uncountable, plural tamarinds)

From Late Middle English thamarynde, from Old French tamarinde, from Medieval Latin tamarindus, from Arabic تَمْر هِنْدِيّ (tamr hindiyy, literally “Indian date”).

der

تَمْر هِنْدِيّ

Tamarindus indica
Tamarindus indica#Translingual

(botany) A tropical tree, Tamarindus indica.

Garcinia gummi-gutta, Malabar tamarind, native to Indonesia.

Garcinia gummi-gutta
Garcinia gummi-gutta#Translingual

Other similar species:
A velvet tamarind (Dialium spp.).


salvia

Borrowed from Latin salvia (“sage”). Doublet of sage.

A plant in the genus Salvia, such as sage.

Salvia divinorum, a plant used for its hallucinogenic properties; diviner's sage.


cooker

→ Welsh: cwcer

From cook + -er (agent noun suffix) or + -er (patient suffix) (apple; one who is cooked).

For the British market, apples are classed as early, mid-season, or late, and subdivided into eaters or cookers.

2004, Laura Mason, Food Culture in Great Britain, page 94:

(slang, Australia) A person who makes or uses illicit drugs, especially methamphetamine or cannabis.

[…] does not know how to pick up the liquid from the cooker, and he asks someone else to use his rig to put his part in his rig.

1995, Reyes Ramos, An Ethnographic Study of Heroin Abuse by Mexican Americans in San Antonio, Texas, page 36:

(slang) The container in which recreational drugs are prepared.

(slang, derogatory, Australia) A person who is cooked in the head; a crazy person.


musk

en-noun

musk (countable and uncountable, plural musks)

→ Irish: musc

→ Welsh: mwsg

From Middle English muske, borrowed from Old French musc, from Late Latin muscus, from Ancient Greek μόσχος (móskhos), from Middle Persian [script needed] (mwšk' /mušk/) whence Persian مشک (mošk). Ultimately from Sanskrit मुष्क (muṣka, “testicle”), the shape of the gland of animals secreting the substance being compared to human testicles, a diminutive of मूष् (mūṣ, “mouse”), the shape of human testicles being compared to mice, from Proto-Indo-European *muh₂s (“mouse”). Cognate with mouse.

der

A plant of the genus Erodium (Erodium moschatum); the musky heronsbill.

A plant of the genus Muscari; grape hyacinth.


durian

en-noun

durian (countable and uncountable, plural durians)

→ Arabic: دُرْيَان (duryān)

desc

→ Bengali: দুরিয়ান (duriẏan), ডুরিয়ান (ḍuriẏan)

→ Bikol Central: durian

→ Bulgarian: дуриан (durian)

→ Catalan: durian

→ Czech: durian

→ Danish: durian

→ Esperanto: durio

→ Finnish: durio

→ French: durian

→ Galician: durián

→ Georgian: დურიო (durio)

→ German: Durian

→ Hebrew: דוריאן (duri'an)

→ Italian: durian

→ Japanese: ドリアン (dorian)

→ Komi-Permyak: дуриан (durian)

→ Komi-Zyrian: дуриан (durian)

→ Korean: 두리안 (durian)

→ Lak: дуриан (durian)

→ Latvian: duriāns

→ Lithuanian: durijus

→ Norwegian Bokmål: durian

→ Persian: دوریان (duryân)

→ Polish: durian

→ Portuguese: durio, durião

→ Russian: дуриан (durian)

→ Rwanda-Rundi: duriyani

→ Spanish: durián

→ Swedish: durian

→ Turkish: durian

→ Udmurt: дуриан (durian)

→ Ukrainian: дуріан (durian)

→ Western Mari: дуриан (durian)

/ˈdʒʊə.ɹɪən/

/ˈdʊə.ɹiˌɑn/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-durian.wav

From Malay durian, ultimately from Proto-Austronesian *duʀi (“thorn”). Doublet of iwi, from Māori.

Any of several trees, genus Durio, of Southeast Asia.


rambutan

Borrowed from Malay rambutan, English usage first attested 1707.

Nephelium lappaceum
Nephelium lappaceum#Translingual

A tree of species Nephelium lappaceum, of Southeast Asia.


gutta-percha

en-noun

gutta-percha (countable and uncountable, plural gutta-perchas)

/ɡʌɾəˈpɝtʃə/

/ɡʌtəˈpɜːtʃə/

Resin, pitch, sealing-wax, caoutchouc, sulphur, gutta-percha, and generally all bodies commonly termed resinous, besides a great variety of others, will be found to acquire, after friction, the power of attracting light bodies, and hence will be said, according to a limitation of terms already accepted, to be in an electrized or electrified state .

1855, William Somerville Orr, Orr's Circle of the Sciences, page 205:

No player shall be allowed to wear projecting nails, iron plates, or gutta percha on the soles or heels of his boots.

1863, The Football Association Laws, rule 13

An inelastic natural latex, produced from the sap of several tropical trees of the genera Palaquium and Payena.


cow-tree

(botany) Any of various South American trees which, when wounded, exude a rich milky liquid.


gin

gin (countable and uncountable, plural gins)

Abbreviation of geneva, alteration of Dutch genever (“juniper”) from Old French genevre (modern French genièvre), from Vulgar Latin ziniperus, from Latin iūniperus (“juniper”). Hence gin rummy (first attested 1941).


gin

Partly from Middle English gin, ginne (“cleverness, scheme, talent, device, machine”), from Old French gin, an aphetism of Old French engin (“engine”); and partly from Middle English grin, grine (“snare, trick, stratagem, deceit, temptation, noose, halter, instrument”), from Old English grin, gryn, giren (“snare, gin, noose”).


gin

en-verb

gin (third-person singular simple present gins, present participle ginning, simple past and past participle ginned)

gins (present singular third-person)
ginning (participle present)
ginned (participle past)
ginned (past)

→ Italian: ginnare

(transitive) To remove the seeds from cotton with a cotton gin.


gin

Borrowed from Dharug dyin (“woman”), but having acquired a derogatory tone.

His next shot was discharged amongst the mob, and most unfortunately wounded the gin already mentioned ; who, with a child fastened to her back, slid down the bank, and lay, apparently dying, with her legs in the water.

1869, Thomas Livingstone Mitchell, Three Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia, volume 1, page 273:

On December 28, in the same year [1828], he [John Allen] fought single handed a tribe of native blacks, numbering from thirteen to eighteen, besides "gins" to bring them spears, waddies, etc.

1879 December 31, “Obituary”, in The Hobart Mercury, page 2:

1894, Ivan Dexter, Talmud: A Strange Narrative of Central Australia, published in serial form in Port Adelaide News and Lefevre's Peninsula Advertiser (SA), Chapter XXI, http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks16/1600641.txt
From my position I could see the gins pointing back, and as the men turned they looked for a moment and then made a wild rush for the entrance.

How they must have laughed about the strutting of her whose mother was a wanton and aunt a gin!

1938, Xavier Herbert, chapter XXI, in Capricornia, D. Appleton-Century, published 1943, page 353:

Dad said Shoesmith and Thompson had made one error that cost them their lives by letting the gins into the camp, and the blacks speared them all.

1988, Tom Cole, Hell West and Crooked, Angus & Robertson, published 1995, page 179:

But there was this gin there, see, what they called a kitchen girl.

2008, Bill Marsh, Jack Goldsmith, Goldie: Adventures in a Vanishing Australia, unnumbered page:

(Australia, now considered offensive, ethnic slur) An Aboriginal woman.


bindi

Actually… a six-figure advance? What the hell, dudes, I'm donning a sari and bindi and penning a novel called, let's see, how about Manchesterstani? My old desi m8s the rude girls of Moss Side have never before been captured in fiction. Int dat da truth, rude girls?

2005 November 14, Anita Sethi, “The curse of being labelled the 'new Zadie'”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

The “holy dot” traditionally worn on the forehead of Hindu women.

Makeup or jewellery worn in imitation of such a dot.


bindi

en-noun

bindi (countable and uncountable, plural bindis)

(Australia) The common lawn weed, Soliva sessilis, introduced to Australia from South America.

(Australia) Any of a number of plants of the genus Calotis which have small burrs with fine barbed awns.

(Australia) Any of various plants of the genus Sclerolaena.


pecan

Borrowed from French pacane and at first spelt paccan. The French word derives from an Algonquian word, perhaps Miami (Illinois) pakani. Compare Cree pakan (“hard nut”), Ojibwe bagaan, Abenaki pagann, bagôn, pagôn (“nut; walnut, hazelnut”).

And away on the farther bank, a motte of huge pecans, standing like giant sentinels over the dwarfed landscape, filled the eye with remote vistas in their shady, twilight aisles. It was very still.

1885, Howard Seely, A Ranchman's stories, page 154:

Within its ornamental fence, the 8/10-acre property includes several of the largest live oaks in the area — plus huge pecans and stately magnolias.

A deciduous tree, Carya illinoinensis, of the central and southern United States, having deeply furrowed bark, pinnately compound leaves, and edible nuts.


jarrah

jarrah (countable and uncountable, plural jarrahs)

In contrast, resistance to root rot fungus in jarrah trees has a significant heritability (Box 5.1), so jarrahs can evolve to resist the introduced dieback.

2002, Richard Frankham, David A. Briscoe, Jonathan D. Ballou, Karina H. McInnes, Introduction to Conservation Genetics, page 103:

Right here. At the foot of an enormous old-growth jarrah.

2009, Craig Silvey, Jasper Jones, Allen & Unwin, page 8:

A eucalypt tree of species Eucalyptus marginata, occurring in the southwest of Western Australia.

The walls were colonial ramparts—logs of jarrah spiked into masonry—with wings as strong as Church buttresses.

1888, Rudyard Kipling, “The Broken-Link Handicap”, in Plain Tales from the Hills, Folio, published 2005, page 112:


titi

A tree of the southern United States (Cliftonia monophylla) having glossy leaves and racemes of fragrant white flowers succeeded by one-seeded drupes.


sesame

sesame (countable and uncountable, plural sesames)

From late Middle English sisamie, from Latin sīsamum, sēsamum, from Ancient Greek σήσαμον (sḗsamon), from Aramaic שושמא (šūššmā), shortening of שומשומא (šumššumā), from Akkadian 𒊭𒈦𒌑𒈬 (šamaššammū, “oil plant”), compound of 𒉌𒄑 (šaman, “oil”) and 𒌑 (šammum, “plant”). The modern pronunciation is influenced by Ancient Greek σησάμη (sēsámē), variant of σήσαμον (sḗsamon).

der

Aramaic שושמא (šūššmā)

Sesamum indicum
Sesamum indicum#Translingual

A tropical Asian plant (Sesamum indicum) bearing small flat seeds used as food and as a source of oil.


elder

From Middle English eldre, from Old English eldra, yldra, ieldra, from Proto-Germanic *alþizô. The vowel change from a to e triggered by the following i is called umlaut or I-mutation.

長老 /长老

Mormonism: title for a male missionary or a general authority

2022, Ruth Taber, "Opinion: We’ll be healthier and happier if we adjust our thinking about aging", El Paso Matters https://elpasomatters.org/2022/03/04/opinion-well-be-healthier-and-happier-if-we-adjust-our-thinking-about-aging
Treating illness among society’s elders is challenging since board-certified geriatricians (physicians trained, knowledgeable and certified in treating older patients) are in short supply, here in El Paso and throughout the country.


patchouli

en-noun

patchouli (countable and uncountable, plural patchoulis)

From Tamil பச்சை (paccai, “green”) + இலை (ilai, “leaf”).

Any of several East Indian plants in the genus Pogostemon, especially Pogostemon cablin, which yield a highly fragrant oil.


spindle

From Middle English spyndel, spindle, spyndylle, from Old English spindle, spindel, alteration of earlier spinel, spinil, spinl (“spindle”), from Proto-West Germanic *spinnilu (“spindle”), equivalent to spin + -le. Cognate with Scots spindil, spinnell (“spindle”), Dutch spindel ("spindle"; < Middle Dutch spille, spinle), German Spindel (“spindle”), Danish spindel (“spindle”), Swedish spindel (“spindle”).

gloss

(computing) A plastic container for packaging optical discs. Bulk blank CDs, DVDs, and BDs are often sold in such a package.

spindel

computing: a plastic container for packaging optical discs

One of the fascinating characteristics of sleep spindles is that they are generated by the thalamic reticular nucleus, and do not occur in the presence of NE. In fact, LC neurons fall silent in the second preceding each spindle […]

2010, Human Sleep and Cognition: Basic Research, page 10:


meu

From Latin mēum (“umbelliferous plant, Meum athamanticum”), from Ancient Greek μῆον (mêon), probably from μεῖον (meîon, “lesser”) for its small size. The English form came perhaps via Middle French meu, a word with a single isolated attestation from the 14th century which only began to appear consistently from 1568, by which time the word was established in English.

uder

Meum athamanticum
Meum athamanticum#Translingual


monkey bread

en-noun

monkey bread (countable and uncountable, plural monkey breads)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-monkey bread.wav

A type of gourd, the fruit of a baobab tree (Adansonia digitata), eaten by monkeys.


gooseberry

From goose + berry. It is possible that the first element was originally something related to the gros- of French groseille and/or the kruis- of Dutch kruisbes but has been altered by folk etymology.

Any of several other plants that are not closely related but bear fruit in some way similar:

Long Key locustberry or shiny locustberry (Byrsonima lucida)


conker

From 19th-century dialect conker (“snail-shell”); the game of conkers was originally played using snail-shells; from conch + -er or a variant of conquer.

His bald spot gleams like a burnished conker.

2006, Peter Godwin, When a Crocodile Eats the Sun: A Memoir of Africa:

(British) A horse chestnut, used in the game of conkers.

pysen boced

horse chestnut used in the game of conkers


conker

The roads are not exceeded by any throughout India; hard conker pounded, makes them as level as a table.

1833, Edward C. Archer, Tours in Upper India and in Parts of the Himalaya Mountains, page 89:


quinine

quinine (countable and uncountable, plural quinines)

Audio (US)

The noun is either:
* derived from Spanish quina (“quinine”) (a clipping of quinaquina (“Cinchona bark”)) + English -ine (suffix forming names of chemical substances, especially (among others) alkaloidal substances); or
* borrowed from French quinine, from quin(quina) (“Cinchona bark”) + -ine (feminine form of -in (suffix forming nouns)).
Spanish quinaquina and French quinquina are both derived from Quechua kina-kina, a reduplication of kina (“bark; (specifically) Cinchona bark”).
The verb is derived from the noun.

clipping

The alkali of yellow bark may be distinguished from cinchonine by the name of quinine.

1821, The Quarterly Journal of Science, Literature, and the Arts, volume 10:

The quinine, being more potent than cinchonine, is generally preferred.

1828, The Medical Guide, Quinine, cinchonine, and sulphate of quinine:

In spite of quinine, the men sickened day by day. Many of them, fine, strong, active fellows, who had never known what a day's sickness meant, went down before the malarious mist that gathered in the jungles.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia, page 102:

He hadn't the faintest idea what to do with a cold in the head, he just took quinine and continued to blow his nose.

1922, Michael Arlen, “2/9/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days, London: W[illiam] Collins Sons & Co., →OCLC:

“Die? Yes, they’ll all die—all these men. No bandages, no salves, no quinine, no chloroform. Oh, God, for some morphia! Just a little morphia for the worst ones. Just a little chloroform. God damn the Yankees! God damn the Yankees!”

1936 June 30, Margaret Mitchell, Gone with the Wind, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC; republished New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, 1944, →OCLC, part IV, page 363:

I propose that the availability of increased stores of quinine under British control had a similar facilitating effect on the British colonial expansion into Africa in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

1979, Lucile H. Brockway, Science and Colonial Expansion, New Haven, Conn., London: Yale University Press, published 2002, →ISBN, page 127:

So far, the daily dose of quinine had been bitter and very unpalatable. […] To make the medicine go down more easily, colonialists occasionally mixed the powder with sugar, water and gin.

2014, Olivia Williams, “Gin is the Tonic”, in Gin Glorious Gin: How Mother’s Ruin Became the Spirit of London, London: Headline Publishing Group, →ISBN, page 163:

(pharmacology) An alkaloid with the chemical formula C₂₀H₂₄N₂O₂, originally derived from cinchona bark (from plants of the genus Cinchona), used to treat malaria and as an ingredient of tonic water, which presents as a bitter colourless powder; also, a drug containing quinine or a chemical compound derived from it.


cypress

From Middle English cipres, from Old French cipres (French cyprès), from Late Latin cypressus; compare Hebrew גֹּפֶר (gōp̄er), the name of the tree whose wood was used to make the ark (Genesis. vi:14), also κύπρος (relating to aromatic pitch).

The plain appears like paradiſe reſtored, where the proud cypreſs and tall arreca ſeem walking by the margin of the paſſing ſtream..

1769, Firishta, translated by Alexander Dow, Tales translated from the Persian of Inatulla of Delhi, volume I, Dublin: P. and W. Wilson et al., page iv:

Have a tree or two the witches particularly like, such as the alder, larch, cypress and hemlock; then, to counteract any possible evil effects, there must be a holly, yew, hazel, elder, mountain ash or juniper.

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 273:

An evergreen coniferous tree with flattened shoots bearing small scale-like leaves, whose dark foliage is sometimes associated with mourning, in family Cupressaceae, especially the genera Cupressus and Chamaecyparis.

𒇷

often held to mean more specifically the juniper

cypress moss

Hypnum cupressiforme and Lycopodium alpinum

pygmy cypress

Cupressus goveniana pigmaea or Cupressus pigmaea

Santa Cruz cypress

Cupressus abramsiana or Cupressus goveniana abramsiana

swamp cypress

T. mucronatum, and Chamaecyparis thyoides

yellow cypress

Taxodium distichum and Chamaecyparis nootkatensis


cypress

Alternative form of Cyprus (“type of fabric”)


sycamore

en-noun

sycamore (countable and uncountable, plural sycamores)

Circa 1350 as Middle English sicamour, from Old French sicamor, from Latin sȳcomorus, from Ancient Greek σῡκόμορος (sūkómoros, literally “fig-mulberry”), from σῦκον (sûkon, “fig”) + μόρον (móron, “mulberry”). Possibly influenced by Hebrew שִׁקְמָה (shikmá, “fig-mulberry”).
In the 16th c. applied to the European maple (Acer pseudoplatanus), in the early 19th c. to various plane tree species introduced to North America, perhaps in analogy to their shadiness.

ncog

Stars shining bright above you / Night breezes seem to whisper, I love you / Birds singin' in the sycamore trees

1931, “Dream a Little Dream of Me”, Gus Kahn (lyrics), Fabian Andre and Wilbur Schwandt (music):

On his dark face were white sycamore patches.

1976 September, Saul Bellow, Humboldt’s Gift, New York, N.Y.: Avon Books, →ISBN, page 408:

Platanus occidentalis
Platanus occidentalis#Translingual

(US) Any of several North American plane trees, of the genus Platanus, especially Platanus occidentalis (American sycamore), distinguished by its mottled bark which flakes off in large irregular masses.


olive oil

en-noun

olive oil (countable and uncountable, plural olive oils)

From olive + oil. Compare earlier oil of olives.

A vegetable oil, pressed from olives, and used in cooking and as a salad dressing; it is high in unsaturated fatty acids.


toon

Proxemics are very important, however, as the positioning of an agent's toon in anon-combat grouping or in the environment can show place within a social group.

2010, Ben Kei Daniel, Handbook of Research on Methods and Techniques for Studying Virtual Communities, →ISBN:

(informal, video games) A player's avatar or visible character in a massively multiplayer online role-playing game.


toon

toon (countable and uncountable, plural toons)

Borrowed from Hindi तून (tūn), from Sanskrit तुणि (tuṇi, “Cedrela toona”).

Each plot held 10 cull trees so that 60 Australian toon and 40 tropical ash trees were treated.

1973, Gerald A. Walters, Herbert L. Wick, Coppicing to convert cull Australian toon, tropical ash to acceptable trees:

Toona ciliata
Toona ciliata#Translingual

A southeast Asian and Australian tree (Toona ciliata or Toona australis) of the mahogany family with fragrant dark red wood and flowers that yield a dye.

After 7 years, all paint combinations except the self-primed latex are showing some failure on all species of wood except Australian toon.

1972, Roger G. Skolmen, Paintability of four woods in Hawaii, page 1:


toon

But why dress me in bloo? Why not in gray, ef I play Confedrit toons?

1872, David Ross Locke, The Struggles (social, Financial and Political) of Petroleum V. Nasby, page 556:

Hark at the way them wires plays toons, as if all the imps of wickedness, and—never mind where—was fiddling dismal toons on purpose to drive a man out of his wits, or to scare him so that he couldn't do his work.

1876, Eneas Sweetland Dallas -, Once a Week, page 45:

“But toon up, and a song all round.”

1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, page 39:

Why suddenly you're so eager to know the toon, now, Dwight? Before you was saying you didn't even hear no toon.


ordeal

From Middle English ordel, ordal, from Medieval Latin ordālium or inherited from its source Old English ordēl, ordāl (“ordeal, judgement”), from Proto-West Germanic *uʀdailī (“judgement”, literally “an out-dealing”), from *uʀdailijan (“to deal out; dispense”), equivalent to or- + deal.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Uurdeel (“judgement; verdict”), West Frisian oardiel (“judgement”), Dutch oordeel (“judgement, discretion”), Low German Oordeel (“judgement; verdict”), German Urteil (“judgement, verdict”).

cog

The poisonous ordeal bean or Calabar bean


tassel

From Middle English tassel, from Old French tassel, from Latin taxillus (“small cube”), from tālus (“ankle”).

(botany) The panicle on a male plant of maize, which consists of loose threads with anthers on them.


warden

→ Welsh: warden, gwarden

From Middle English wardein, from Anglo-Norman wardein, from warder (“to guard”), variant of Old French guarder (“to guard”) (whence modern French garder, also English guard), from Proto-Germanic *ward-; related to Old High German wartēn (“to watch”). Compare guardian, French gardien, from Old French guardian, guardein. Compare also ward and reward. Doublet of guardian.

An official charged with supervisory duties or with the enforcement of specific laws or regulations; such as a game warden or air-raid warden.

nəzarətçi

an official charged with supervisory duties


black jack

en-noun

black jack (countable and uncountable, plural black jacks)


rattle

From Arabic رَطْل (raṭl), variant of classical رِطْل (riṭl), ultimately from Ancient Greek λίτρα (lítra). Doublet of liter.

(historical units of measure) Alternative form of rottol: a former Middle Eastern and North African unit of dry weight usually equal to 1–5 lb (0.5–2.5 kg).


toyon

toyon (countable and uncountable, plural toyons)

A chiefly Californian ornamental evergreen shrub (Photinia arbutifolia, syn. Heteromeles arbutifolia) of the rose family having white flowers succeeded by red berries.


wilco

Wilco, Bravo Six Three will take the north road. Bravo Six Four will take the south road, out.

(radio communications) Indicates agreement and compliance.


wingnut

A deciduous tree of the genus Pterocarya native to Asia.

(slang, derogatory, North American itinerant and street populations) A mentally ill homeless person.

(slang, derogatory) Someone perceived as odd, eccentric, or extreme.

(slang, rural US) A member of the air force (in a town that hosts a USAF installation).

(slang, informal) A nickname given to someone with large ears.


dudgeon

From Middle English dogeon, apparently from Anglo-Norman or Middle French, but the ultimate origin is obscure. Compare French douve (“stave”).

And on thy blade and dudgeon gouts of blood

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:


wattle

wattle (countable and uncountable, plural wattles)

From Middle English wattel, watel, from Old English watel, watul (“hurdle”). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *wey- (“to turn, wind, bend”).

der

The tents and sheets are made of the best Canadian duck, tanned for the purpose of preservation with a strong extract of iron-bark and wattle-bark.

1901, “Progress in the Fruit Industry of Queensland”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, volume 4, page 16:

Any of several Australian trees and shrubs of the genus Acacia, or their bark, used in tanning, seen as a national emblem of Australia.


flamboyant

Borrowed from French flamboyant (“flaming, wavy”), participle of flamboyer (“to flame”), from Old French flamboier, from flambe (“flame”). The architectural style derives its name from the flame-like shapes in the tracery.

The schooners moored to the quay are trim and neat, the little town along the bay is white and urbane, and the flamboyants, scarlet against the blue sky, flaunt their colour like a cry of passion.

1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter 45, in The Moon and Sixpence, [New York, N.Y.]: Grosset & Dunlap Publishers […], →OCLC:

Delonix regia
Delonix regia#Translingual

The royal poinciana (Delonix regia), a showy tropical tree from Madagascar.


royal poinciana

en-noun

royal poinciana (plural royal poincianas)

A tropical tree, Delonix regia, grown for its bright red flower clusters; native to Madagascar but grown in many other tropical regions; the flamboyant.


juniper

juniper (countable and uncountable, plural junipers)

[ˈd͡ʒunɪ̈pɚ]

From Late Middle English junyper, juniperus, from Latin iūniperus (“juniper-tree”).

On the mountains a few junipers and piñons are found, and cactuses, agave, and yuccas, low, fleshy plants with bayonets and thorns.

1895, J[ohn] W[esley] Powell, chapter I, in Canyons of the Colorado, Meadville, PA: Flood & Vincent; republished as The Exploration of the Colorado River and Its Canyons, New York: Dover, 1961, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 22:

Sometimes I lost track of them and had to hunt round in a circle, thrusting through sharp-scented bushes, scratching myself on various plants which were still new to me: resinaceous rock-roses, juniper [translating genévriers], ilex, yellow and white asphodel.

1962, Simone de Beauvoir, translated by Peter Green, The Prime of Life, Cleveland, OH: The World Publishing Company, translation of La Force de l'âge, →OCLC, page 77:

One typical Grecian kiln engorged one thousand muleloads of juniper wood in a single burn. Fifty such kilns would devour six thousand metric tons of trees and brush annually.

2006, Edwin Black, chapter 2, in Internal Combustion, →OL:

Any shrub or tree of the genus Juniperus of the cypress family, which is characterized by pointed, needle-like leaves and aromatic berry-like cones.

One of a number of coniferous trees which resemble junipers.

[…] I said you didn't like them ere strong liquors, but if he warn't particular, I was sure you would pledge him in a glass of juniper, for I had always made you, since we had been man and vife^([sic]), take a drop afore you went to market, to keep cold out.

1834, Young Hearts: A Novel by a Recluse. With a Preface by Miss Jane Porter, page 106:


Punic apple

Punica granatum
Punica granatum#Translingual


cocus

Brya ebenus, a Caribbean flowering tree.


Jaffa orange

Named after Jaffa, where it was first produced for export.

A sweet, nearly seedless variety of orange.


benjamin

benjamin (countable and uncountable, plural benjamins)

From benzoin, modified by folk etymology to match the name Benjamin.

A balsamic resin from the bark of Styrax trees used in perfumes, incense, and medicine; benzoin resin.


bugle

From Middle English bugle (“bugleweed”), from Anglo-Norman and Old French bugle, from Medieval Latin bugilla, probably related to Late Latin bugillo.

Ajuga reptans
Ajuga reptans#Translingual

A plant in the family Lamiaceae grown as a ground cover Ajuga reptans, and other plants in the genus Ajuga.


maple

maple (countable and uncountable, plural maples)

desc

→ Kashubian: majpél (Canada, United States)

→ Portuguese: meiple

From Middle English mapel, from Old English *mapul (attested in mapultrēow and mapulder), from Proto-Germanic *mapulaz (compare Old Saxon mapulder, Old High German mazaltra, mazzaltra; Old Norse mǫpurr, Middle Low German mapeldorn, dialectal Dutch meppel, German Masseller, Maßholder), perhaps a blend of *masuraz (“knob; maple-tree”) (compare Old English mæsen (“maple”), Old Norse mǫsurr (“maple”), German Maser (“knob, offshoot”)) and *aplaz (“apple”) (see apple), from *masą (“lump, knob”) (compare obsolete German Mase (“scar”), modern Maser (“speck, measle”). More at measles.

A tree of the genus Acer, characterised by its usually palmate leaves and winged seeds.

གཡའ་ཤིང (g.ya' shing, literally “rust-wood”)


groundnut

From ground + nut. Compare Icelandic jarðhneta, German Erdnuss and Hungarian földimogyoró.

Arachis hypogaea
Arachis hypogaea#Translingual

A plant which bears its nutlike seeds underground, such as a peanut (Arachis hypogaea) or a Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea).


pitcher plant

Any of various insectivorous plants of the genera Sarracenia, Darlingtonia, Heliamphora (in order Ericales); Nepenthes (in order Caryophyllales), or Cephalotus (in order Oxalidales) that have pitcher-like leaves or parts of leaves with slippery sides that attract and trap insects.


mandarin orange

en-noun

mandarin orange (plural mandarin oranges)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-mandarin orange.wav

Citrus reticulata
Citrus reticulata#Translingual

A small citrus tree (Citrus reticulata) with oblate fruits smaller than the (so-named) sweet oranges.


marshmallow

marshmallow (countable and uncountable, plural marshmallows)

Dutch: marshmallow

French: marshmallow

German: Marshmallow

Japanese: マシュマロ (mashumaro)

Korean: 마시멜로 (masimello)

Portuguese: marshmallow

Russian: маршмэ́ллоу (maršmɛ́llou)

/mɑːʃˈmæləʊ/

/ˈmɑɹʃˌmɛl.oʊ/

/ˈmɑɹʃˌmæl.oʊ/

From Old English mersċmealwe, corresponding to marsh + mallow.

Our common Marsh Mallows have diverse soft, hoary white stalks rising to be three or four foot high, spreading forth many branches.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio Society, published 2007, page 180:

Althaea officinalis
Althaea officinalis#Translingual

Marsh mallow, a species of mallow, Althaea officinalis, that grows in marshy terrain.

The Disagreeable Girl is a female of the genus homo persuasion, built around a digestive apparatus that possesses marked marshmallow proclivities.

1906, Elbert Hubbard, Love, Life and Work:

It was an apple marshmallow sundae, I recollect. I dug my spoon into it with an assumption of gaiety which I was far from feeling.

December 1915, P. G. Wodehouse, “My Battle with Drink”, in Vanity Fair:

(countable, uncountable) A type of confectionery, originally (since Ancient Egyptian times) made from this plant, but now generally made of sugar or corn syrup, gelatin that has been presoftened in water, gum arabic, flavorings, and sometimes beaten egg whites, all whipped to a spongy consistency.


elderberry

Etymology tree
Middle English eldre
English elder
Proto-Germanic *bazją
Proto-West Germanic *baʀi
Old English berġe
Middle English berye
English berry
English elderberry
Compound of elder + berry.

etymon

Any shrub or tree of the genus Sambucus;


mung

en-noun

mung (countable and uncountable, plural mungs)

From Hindi मूँग (mūṅg), from Sanskrit मुद्ग (mudga).

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata#Translingual

mung bean (Vigna radiata, syn. Phaseolus aureus), cultivated for its sprouts.


cedar

cedar (countable and uncountable, plural cedars)

Cedar Beach
Cedar Bluff
Cedar Bluffs
Cedar City
Cedar Crest
Cedar Falls
Cedar Fire
Cedar Forest
Cedar Fort
Cedar Glen Lakes
Cedar Glen West
Cedar Grove
Cedar Hill
Cedar Hill Lakes
Cedar Hills
Cedar Island
Cedar Key
Cedar Lake
Cedar Mill
Cedar Mills
Cedar Mountain
Cedar Park
Cedar Revolution
Cedar River
Cedar Springs
Cedar Township
Cedar Vale
Cedar Valley
cedar

From Middle English cedre, probably from Old French cedre, from Latin cedrus, from Ancient Greek κέδρος (kédros). Some suggest that the Middle English word was partially from Old English ċeder, but the gap in attestation between the two words makes this proposal unlikely. Possible doublet of citrus.

(countable) A coniferous tree of the genus Cedrus in the family Pinaceae.

There had been dry seasons, accumulations of dust, wind-blown seeds, and cedars rose wonderfully out of solid rock.

1912 January, Zane Grey, chapter 8, in Riders of the Purple Sage […], New York, N.Y., London: Harper & Brothers Publishers, →OCLC:

(countable) A coniferous tree of the family Cupressaceae, especially of the genera Juniperus, Cupressus, Calocedrus, or Thuja.

(countable) A flowering tree of the family Meliaceae, especially of the genera Cedrela or Toona.

(uncountable) The aromatic wood from a Cedrus tree, or from any of several not closely related trees.


pyracanth

Any of various thorny shrubs of the genus Pyracantha having small white flowers followed by hard red or orange-red berries


pyracanthus

A pyracantha; a plant of the genus Pyracantha; the firethorn.


oregano

oregano (usually uncountable, plural oreganos)

/ɒɹɪˈɡɑːnəʊ/

From Spanish orégano (“wild marjoram”), from Latin orīganum, from Ancient Greek ὀρίγανον (oríganon). Doublet of origanum.

Mexican oregano

Lippia graveolens and Poliomintha longiflora

Other herbs with a similar flavor, including other species in the genus Origanum, and Mexican oregano, Lippia graveolens


labiate

en-adj

labiate (comparative more labiate, superlative most labiate)

more labiate (comparative)
most labiate (superlative)

(botany, of flowers such as the snapdragon) Having the corolla divided into two liplike parts.

huulimainen

having corolla divided into two liplike parts

(botany) of, or belonging to the mint family (Labiatae, now Lamiaceae).


labiate

(botany) A plant of the mint family (Labiatae)


quebracho

en-noun

quebracho (countable and uncountable, plural quebrachos)

/kɪˈbɹɑːt͡ʃəʊ/

/kɛˈbɹɑt͡ʃoʊ/

Borrowed from Spanish quebracho, from quebrar (“to break”) + hacha (“axe”).

Any of several trees of southern South America with produce very hard wood rich in tannin, especially those of the genus Schinopsis.

quebracho

South American tree with hard, tannin-rich wood


quince

quince (countable and uncountable, plural quinces)

→ Thai: ควินซ์ (kwíns)

→ Welsh: cwins

From Middle English quynce, coince, a variant of coins, coin (“quince”), from Old French cooing (modern coing), from Late Latin cotōneum, from Latin mālum cotōneum, a variant of mālum Cydonium (“Cydonian apple”), translating Ancient Greek μηλοκυδώνιον (mēlokudṓnion).

der

μηλοκυδώνιον

Cydonia oblonga
Cydonia oblonga#Translingual

(countable) The pear-shaped fruit of a small tree of the rose family, Cydonia oblonga.


quoin

In Casterbridge there stood a noble pile, […]
But evil days beset that domicile;
The stately beauties of its roof and wall
Passed into sordid hands. Condemned to fall
Were cornice, quoin, and cove,
And all that art had wove in antique style.

1901, Thomas Hardy, A Man (In Memory Of H. Of M.):

Any of the corner building blocks of a building, usually larger or more ornate than the surrounding blocks.

Next fit the quoins, using the “persuader” to squeeze in the pages, and tap up all around.

1898, John Southward, Modern Printing: A Handbook of the Principles and Practice of Typography and the Auxiliary Arts:

(printing, historical) A metal wedge which fits into the space between the type and the edge of a chase, and is tightened to fix the metal type in place.

(firearms) A wedge of wood or iron put under the breech of heavy guns or the muzzle of siege-mortars to raise them to the proper level.

(horticulture) A number of apple varieties with a distinctive ribbed appearance, like corners of a coin.


quoin

en-verb

quoin (third-person singular simple present quoins, present participle quoining, simple past and past participle quoined)

quoins (present singular third-person)
quoining (participle present)
quoined (participle past)
quoined (past)

(transitive) To wedge or steady with quoins.


heath

en-noun

heath (countable and uncountable, plural heaths)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-heath.wav

From Middle English heeth, heth, hethe, from Old English hǣþ (“heath, untilled land, waste; heather”), from Proto-West Germanic *haiþi, from Proto-Germanic *haiþī (“heath, waste, untilled land”), from Proto-Indo-European *kayt- (“forest, wasteland, pasture”). Cognate with Dutch heide (“heath, moorland”), German Heide (“heath, moor”), Norwegian hei (“heath”), Swedish hed (“heath, moorland”), Old Welsh coit (“forest”), Welsh coed (“forest”), Latin būcētum (“pastureland”, literally “cow-pasture”) -cetum (“place of, grove of”).

cog

(countable) Any butterfly or moth of species:

Coenonympha spp., a genus of brush-footed butterfly, of the palaearctic.

Coenonympha tullia, native to Europe, Asia except tropical India and Indochina, and North America, the large heath

brush-footed butterfly
brush-footed butterfly


koko

Albizia lebbeck
Albizia lebbeck#Translingual


olive branch

en-verb

olive branch (third-person singular simple present olive branches, present participle olive branching, simple past and past participle olive branched)

olive branches (present singular third-person)
olive branching (participle present)
olive branched (participle past)
olive branched (past)

/ˈɒlɪv bɹɑːntʃ/

Georgics
Jacob Tonson
Kruft
Mayen-Koblenz

The olive branch has been regarded as a symbol of peace since Ancient Greek times. For example, in Virgil’s Aeneid (written between 29 and 19 B.C.E.), Aeneas holds an olive branch and declares that it bears the following message: “The Trojans and their Chief / Bring holy peace; and beg the King’s relief.” The symbolism was strengthened by the reference in Genesis 8:11 of the Bible to Noah sending out a dove from the Ark which returns bearing an olive leaf in its beak, thus showing that the Great Flood is receding.

There's no olive branching. You see I know these people backwards, the agony and the problems we had with those fellows is unbelievable," he says.

1986, The Bulletin - Volume 108, page 28:

"Presumably, Carty could make this an occasion for olive branching here," Mr. Hopkins said.

1998, The Air Line Employee - Volumes 44-46, page 7:

Fire signs also have fiery tempers but traditionally, their hearts can 'olive branch' their way through most problems.

2005, Vera Kaikobad, The 12 Moon Signs in Love:


heather

en-noun

heather (countable and uncountable, plural heathers)

From Middle English hather, hathir, from Old English *hǣddre and hǣþ (“heather”), cognate with Scots hedder, hadder, heddir (“heather”), Saterland Frisian Heede (“heather”), West Frisian heide (“heather”), Dutch heide (“heather”), German Low German Heide, Heid (“heather”), German Heide (“heather”).


Jonathan

/ˈd͡ʒɒnəθən/

/ˈd͡ʒɑnəθɪn/

Borrowed from Hebrew יְהוֹנָתָן (iehonatán), יוֹנָתָן (ionatán, literally “God has given”), apparently with influence from Aramaic [Term?].

bor+

Here crashed a sturdy oath of stout John Bull,
Who damned away his eyes as heretofore;
There Paddy brogued “By Jasus!”—“What’s your Wull?”
The temperate Scot exclaimed; the French Ghost swore
In certain terms I shan’t translate in full,
As the first Coachman will; and midst the roar
The voice of Jonathan was heard to express,
“Our president is going to war, I guess.”—

1822, Lord Byron, The Vision of Judgement, stanza 59:

The best single source of comment on Marble's capacities as a low comedian, as with the other Yankees, is the record of his London reception. […] One viewer thought it was not as outrageous as Jonathans usually are, […]

2014, Francis Hodge, Yankee Theatre: The Image of America on the Stage, 1825–1850:

(dated, slang) An American; a Yank; Brother Jonathan.


balloon vine

A tropical perennial climbing vine, Cardiospermum halicacabum, having ornamental balloon-like fruits, and used in traditional Chinese medicine.


sorrel

en-noun

sorrel (countable and uncountable, plural sorrels)

From Middle English sorel, from Old French sorel, surele (“sorrel”), from Old French sur (“sour”), of Germanic origin, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *sūraz (“sour”); equivalent to sour + -el (diminutive suffix). Compare Old English sūre (“sorrel”), Icelandic súra (“sorrel”), Dutch zuring (“dock (plant), sorrel”). More at sour.

Rumex acetosa
Rumex acetosa#Translingual

Any of various plants with acidic leaves of the genus Rumex, especially

Rumex acetosa (common sorrel, garden sorrel), sometimes used as a salad vegetable.


red bay

A small tree, Persea borbonia, in the Lauraceae family, with red fruit and wood, used for ornamental purposes.


red cedar

red cedar (countable and uncountable, plural red cedars)

1892, Walt Whitman, "Our Old Feuillage" in Leaves of Grass (abridged reprint of the 1892 edition), Modern Library, 1921, p. 147, https://archive.org/details/leavesofgrass00whit
Below, the red cedar festoon'd with tylandria, the pines and cypresses growing out of the white sand that spreads far and flat, […]

Juniperus virginiana
Juniperus virginiana#Translingual

A juniper of species (Juniperus virginiana) native to North America and highly prized for its fragrant wood.

She was a West Coast canoe—dug out of a great red cedar tree.

1941, Emily Carr, chapter 11, in Klee Wyck:

Thuja plicata
Thuja plicata#Translingual

An arbor vitae of species Thuja plicata), found in North America.

A tree of species Toona sureni, of eastern Asia.

An evergreen tree of the mahogany family with reddish wood, found in Australia (Toona australis).

A tree of species Trichilia hirta, found from Mexico to Paraguay.


red clover

red clover (countable and uncountable, plural red clovers)

Trifolium pratense
Trifolium pratense#Translingual

A clover (Trifolium pratense), with red flowers, found in Europe, Asia and North America.


red gum

Eucalyptus camaldulensis
Eucalyptus camaldulensis#Translingual

Any of several species of trees found in Australia:

Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Murray red gum, river red gum), a eucalyptus tree with red wood.


astragalus

From Latin astragalus, from Ancient Greek ἀστράγαλος (astrágalos), q.v. Doublet of astragal.

(botany) Synonym of milkvetch: a plant of the genus Astragalus.


Bailey

Sherburne County
Sherburne County#English

A number of places in the United States:

An unincorporated community in Sherburne County, Minnesota.


Orient

/ˈɔː.ɹɪ.ənt/


sempervivum

My favorite of the moment: a sleeping man in a long cattle trough, planted with thousands of a Sedum album called Red Ice, now turning ruby red in the cold, with sempervivum eyes on a head-size volcanic rock, and two farmer-like feet made of same.

2007 November 15, Anne Raver, “Hardy Succulents Take on a New Glow”, in New York Times:

Any of the genus Sempervivum of succulent plants, the houseleeks or liveforevers.


brazil

I picked up a handful of brazils from the bowl.


forbidden fruit

forbidden fruit (countable and uncountable, plural forbidden fruits)

With reference to Genesis 2:17: ‘But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die.’ (KJV)

Citrus maxima
Citrus maxima#Translingual

A small variety of shaddock (Citrus maxima), or sometimes other citrus fruits.


clementine

From French clémentine, from Clément + -ine, named after French missionary Clément Rodier (1839–1904), who is said to have first bred it.

named-after

A type of small, sweet-tasting orange, the result of a hybrid cross between the willowleaf variety of mandarin orange (C. × deliciosa) and a sweet orange (C. × sinensis).


minneola

A cross between a tangerine and a grapefruit.


ortanique

Pink grapefruit and ortaniques littered the earth.

2021, Leone Ross, This One Sky Day, Faber & Faber Limited, page 297:

A cross between an orange and a tangerine.


satsuma

After a Japanese place name in Kyūshū, 薩摩 (さつま, Satsuma), from where it was first exported to the west.

When satsumas are ready to eat, the skin is so supple, they damn near peel themselves.

2015, Paul Beatty, The Sellout, Oneworld Publications (2016), page 188:

Citrus unshiu
Citrus unshiu#Translingual

A seedless and easy-peeling cultivar of mandarin orange of Japanese origin; Citrus unshiu.


tangelo

/ˈtænd͡ʒələʊ/

A citrus fruit that is a cross between a tangerine and a pomelo or a grapefruit.

Citrus aurantium Tangelo Group [= Citrus ×paradisi × Citrus reticulata]


ugli

Proprietary name, an alteration of ugly, from the fruit's often lumpy and discoloured appearance.

In a world of fruit — from apples to uglis — why is wine made from grapes?

2009, Wine Enthusiast, volume 22, numbers 8-13, page 36:

Citrus paradisi
Citrus paradisi#Translingual

Citrus × paradisi, a cross between a tangerine, Citrus reticulata and grapefruit Citrus paradisi, grown in the West Indies.

نَرَنْج

cross between a tangerine and grapefruit


ugli fruit

en-noun

ugli fruit (plural ugli fruits or ugli fruit)

ugli fruits (plural)
ugli fruit (plural)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-ugli fruit.wav


wampee

Borrowed from Cantonese 黃皮 /黄皮 (wong⁴ pei⁴⁻², “wampee”, literally “yellow skin”).

bor+

(proscribed) Pontederia species, especially Pontederia cordata.


robusta

en-noun

robusta (usually uncountable, plural robustas)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-robusta.wav

From New Latin Coffea robusta, from Latin rōbusta, feminine of rōbustus (“strong”).

A plant of the African coffee plant species Coffea canephora.


black bean

black bean (countable and uncountable, plural black beans)

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris#Translingual

A dried black seed of certain varieties of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris).

A fermented soybean, used in Asian cooking.

An Australian tree of species Castanospermum australe.


napoleon

napoleon (countable and uncountable, plural napoleons)

/nəˈpəʊlɪən/

Borrowed from French Napoléon (“given name, usually in reference to Napoleon Bonaparte”). In reference to coins, via French napoléon (“(slang) a coin that originally had the appearance of Napoleon's face in the obverse”). In reference to guns and possibly cards, in reference to Napoleon III.

bor

(historical weaponry) Clipping of Napoleon gun: a 12-pounder cannon first used by the Second French Empire.

наполео́н

12-pounder cannon of the Second French Empire

Fascinated, Miss Manvers thrust aside a garnished plate, took a gulp of the decoction called coffee, and attacked her napoleon.

1914 November, Louis Joseph Vance, “An Outsider […]”, in Munsey’s Magazine, volume LIII, number II, New York, N.Y.: The Frank A[ndrew] Munsey Company, […], published 1915, →OCLC, chapter I (Anarchy), page 373, column 1:

(food, originally US slang) Clipping of Napoleon cake: another name for a millefeuille pastry.


jaffa

From Jaffa, an ancient port city in what is now Israel from which the oranges were exported. The sense "impotent male" is a reference to being "seedless"; see seed.
The cricketing sense, of a 'sweet ball' (from the bowler's perspective), is a metaphor further reinforced in Australian English where Jaffa is also a trademark for a popular lolly that is red and round.

A type of sweet orange, normally seedless.


dabai

(botany) Sarawak olive (Canarium odontophyllum)


quercitron

en-noun

quercitron (countable and uncountable, plural quercitrons)

The black oak tree, Quercus velutina, indigenous to North America.


lychee

lychee (countable and uncountable, plural lychees)

/laɪ̯ˈt͡ʃiː/

From Cantonese 荔枝 (lai⁶ zi¹). Doublet of litchi.

Litchi chinensis
Litchi chinensis#Translingual

The Chinese tropical fruit tree Litchi chinensis, of the soapberry family.


balsam

balsam (countable and uncountable, plural balsams)

Borrowed from Latin balsamum, from Ancient Greek βάλσαμον (bálsamon, “balsam”), of Semitic origin (Hebrew בושם (“spice, perfume”)); compare Old English balsam, balsamum (“balsam, balm”), Doublet of balm and desman. Not related to balsa.

der

The balsam family of flowering plants (Balsaminaceae), which includes Impatiens and Hydrocera.


calabash

From French calebasse, from Spanish calabaza (“gourd; pumpkin”), possibly from Arabic قَرْعَةٌ يَابِسَةٌ (qarʕatun yābisatun, “dry gourd”) or directly from its etymon Persian خربزه (xarboze, “melon”), possibly ultimately from Sanskrit त्रपुस (trapusa, “colocynth fruit”) (compare Persian تربزه (tarboze, “watermelon”)). The English word is cognate with Catalan carabassa (“pumpkin; orange colour”), Galician cabaza (“gourd, pumpkin, squash; calabash (container)”), Occitan calebasso, carabasso, carbasso, Portuguese cabaça (“gourd; calabash (container)”), Sicilian caravazza (and caramazza).

قَرْعَةٌ يَابِسَةٌ

cog

As we were absolutely destitute of large vessels, to contain and mix liquids, we poured, by means of a tutuma (fruit of crescentia cujete, calabash), the water of the river into one of the holes of the rock. To this we added sugar, and the juice of acid fruits. In a few minutes we had an excellent beverage, which was almost a refinement of luxury in that wild spot; […]

1821, Alexander de Humboldt [i.e., Alexander von Humboldt], Aimé Bonpland, chapter XXI, in Helen Maria Williams, transl., Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of the New Continent, during the Years 1799–1804. … Written in French […], and Translated into English […], volume V, London: Printed for Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, […], →OCLC, book VII, page 129:

There was a teacher who taught children to read under a calabash tree, and this teacher's name was Goso.

1870, “Goso, the Teacher”, in Edward Steere, transl., Swahili Tales, as Told by Natives of Zanzibar. With an English Translation, London: Bell & Daldy, […], →OCLC, page 287:

Crescentia cujete
Crescentia cujete#Translingual

A tree (known as the calabash tree; Crescentia cujete) native to Central and South America, the West Indies, and southern Florida, bearing large, round fruit used to make containers (sense 3); the fruit of this tree.

The calabash, is a kind of gourd, and belongs to that family of twining plants which were called among the Hebrews, "wild vines," but by the botanists of modern times, the cucurbitaceæ, or cucurbitaceous plants. […] That playful variety of form and magnitude, so remarkable in the calabash, renders it fit for all kinds of uses. Sometimes we have a globular base, terminating in a long neck, and then it answers the purpose of a bottle, and the American fastens it to his girdle, or the pommel of his saddle, when about to pass through regions which abound not in water.

1839 January, “L.”, “The Calabash (Cucurbita Lagenaria)”, in The Visitor, or Monthly Instructor, London: The Religious Tract Society; … sold by John Davis, […], →OCLC, page 75:

CALABASH GOURD (LAGENARIA SICERARIA) […] Appropriately bowing to AHP, the American Herbal Products Association, for the betterment of the herbal industry, I will now use its standardized common name, Calabash Gourd, a vine, not to be confused with the Calabash tree (Crescentia).

2008, James A. Duke, with Peggy-Ann K. Duke and Judith L. duCellie, “Catalog of ‘Faith-based’ Farmaceuticals”, in Duke’s Handbook of Medicinal Plants of the Bible, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, page 233:

Asian gourds grow like cucumbers […] and feature strong flavors that are often used in Indian, Chinese, and Southeast Asian soups and stews. Some types to try in your garden include the bitter gourd and calabash gourd.

2009, Charlie Nardozzi and editors of the National Gardening Association, “Sweet Corn and an A to T of Other Worthy Veggies”, in Vegetable Gardening for Dummies (For Dummies series), 2nd edition, Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley Publishing, →ISBN, part II (Vegging Out), page 167:

Lagenaria siceraria
Lagenaria siceraria#Translingual

The bottle gourd (calabash vine, Lagenaria siceraria), believed to have originated in Africa, which is grown for its fruit that are used as a vegetable and to make containers (sense 3); the fruit of this plant.

On Sunday, Oct. 12. being ſtored vvith all things needful for their Journey, viz. Ten Days Proviſion, a Baſin to boil their Provision in, two Calabaſhes to fetch VVater in, and tvvo great Tallipat Leaves for Tents, with Jaggory, Svveet-meats, Tobacco, Betell, Tinder-Boxes, and a Deer-Skin for Shoes, to keep their Feet from Thorns, becauſe to them they chiefly truſted.

1720, [Daniel Defoe], The Life, Adventures, and Pyracies, of the Famous Captain Singleton, London: […] J[ohn] Brotherton, […], J[ohn] Graves […], A[nne] Dodd, […], and T[homas] Warner, […], →OCLC, page 304:

[T]he manner of separating the gold from the sand, is very simple, and is frequently performed by the women in the middle of the town; for when the searchers return from the valleys in the evening, they commonly bring with them each a calabash or two of sand, to be washed by such of the females as remain at home.

1799, Mungo Park, “Of Gold-dust, and the Manner in which It is Collected.—Process of Washing it.— […]”, in Travels in the Interior Districts of Africa: Performed under the Direction and Patronage of the African Association, in the Years 1795, 1796, and 1797. […], London: Printed by W[illiam] Bulmer and Co. for the author; and sold by G[eorge] and W[illiam] Nicol, […], →OCLC, page 302:

[page 65] The people of his island of Rokovoko, it seems, at their wedding feasts express the fragrant water of young cocoanuts into a large stained calabash like a punchbowl; and this punchbowl always forms the great central ornament on the braided mat where the feast is held. […] [page 105] [I]t seemed to me that he was dogging us, but with what intent I could not for the life of me imagine. This circumstance, coupled with his ambiguous, half-hinting, half-revealing, shrouded sort of talk, now begat in me all kinds of vague wonderments and half-apprehensions, and all connected with the Pequod; and Captain Ahab; and the leg he had lost; and the Cape Horn fit; and the silver calabash; […]

1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “Wheelbarrow” and “The Prophet”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC, pages 65 and 105:

Saje put the calabash in the king's hands. There was a hush from the crowd. The calabash was large and painted with beautiful designs. Few people had seen it up close.

1997, Olajire Olanlokun, chapter 3, in Karen Morrison, editor, The Missing Calabash, Oxford, Gaborone, Botswana: Heinemann Educational Publishers, →ISBN, page 13:

[...] we would pour water from the tank over ourselves with a calabash and finish by splashing on the Agua Florida from Lanman & Kemps […]

2003, Gabriel García Márquez, chapter 2, in Edith Grossman, transl., Living to Tell the Tale: Translated from the Spanish, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN:

[T]he motorcycle drivers say that new helmets are too expensive and instead have been found wearing pumpkin-like calabashes – dried fruit shells usually used to carry water – cooking pots tied with string or strips of rubber from old tyres.

2009 January 7, Mike Pflanz, “Nigerian motorcyclists arrested for wearing pumpkin helmets”, in The Daily Telegraph, London: Telegraph Media Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2010-05-22:

A container made from the mature, dried shell of the fruit of one of the above plants; also, a similarly shaped container made from some other material.

кратуна

container made from the shell of the fruit of one of the above plants


savory

en-noun

savory (countable and uncountable, plural savories)

Wikispecies
From Middle English saverey, possibly from Old English sæþerie, from Latin satureia, influenced by or via Old French savereie.

Any of several Mediterranean herbs, of the genus Satureja, grown as culinary flavourings.

the name is also used for other similar herbs


valerian

valerian (countable and uncountable, plural valerians)

/vəˈlɪəɹɪən/

Migration Period
Pannonian Avars
valerian (herb)

From Old French valeriane or Medieval Latin valeriāna, a reinterpretation of what is found as German Baldrian after valēre (“to be powerful”) or also the gentilic name Valerius, which is seemingly borrowed in the Dark Age period from the late 6ᵗʰ to early 8ᵗʰ century from Turkic or Proto-Mongolic, when the Pannonian Avars were direct neighbours to the Germans, notably also present in Hungarian bojtorján (“burdock”), ultimately from Proto-Mongolic, reflected as
Middle Mongol ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨᠠ (balčirɣan-a, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷ (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix ᠭᠠᠨᠠ (-ɣana),
Mongolian балчиргана (balčirgana, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as балчир (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix -гана (-gana).
See Ottoman Turkish بالدران (baldıran, “hemlock”) for Turkic cognates.

cog

In the event of anyone wishing to invoke the very Prince of Spirits, the following ingredients were prescribed to be burnt - Juice of Hypericon, Saffron, Artemisia, and the root of Valerian.

1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 112:

Valeriana officinalis
Valeriana officinalis#Translingual

A hardy perennial flowering plant, Valeriana officinalis, with heads of sweetly scented pink or white flowers.


olive tree

Olea europaea
Olea europaea#Translingual

An evergreen tree, Olea europaea, that produces olives as fruit.


comice

French (Doyenne du) Comice, (Dean of the) Show, from comice (agricole), (agricultural) show, from Old French, convention, from Latin comitia.

A cultivated variety of pear with yellowish-green and reddish skin, and having juicy flesh.


haricot bean

(UK) A herbaceous plant from the Americas, Phaseolus vulgaris, the bean of which is eaten as both a green bean and dried, when it is cooked slowly as Boston baked beans.


lemon balm

en-noun

lemon balm (countable and uncountable, plural lemon balms)

Melissa officinalis
Melissa officinalis#Translingual

A perennial herb, of species Melissa officinalis, of southern Europe; used as a flavouring in ice cream etc.

melissa f citronèla f poncidara f abelhana


waldmeister

Galium odoratum
Galium odoratum#Translingual

A herb used (particularly in Germany and central Europe) for flavouring wines and liqueurs, Galium odoratum.


woodruff

woodruff (countable and uncountable, plural woodruffs)

From Old English wudurofe, from wudu (“wood”) + rofe, of uncertain meaning and origin.


sweet woodruff

Asperula odorata
Asperula odorata#Translingual

An aromatic perennial plant, formerly used as a strewing herb, Galium odoratum (formerly Asperula odorata), with small white flowers.


angelica

angelica (countable and uncountable, plural angelicas)

/ænˈd͡ʒɛlɪkə/

[…] all ye shall shortly behold how, as one shattereth a stalk of angelica, I will break and shatter the limbs of this Goldry Bluszco.

1922, E[ric] R[ücker] Eddison, The Worm Ouroboros, London: Jonathan Cape, page 24:

Angelica archangelica
Angelica archangelica#Translingual

A tall plant, with hollow stems, genus Angelica, especially garden angelica (Angelica archangelica).

بلدرغو (baldarğu) (Afghanistan; also means hogweed)


cilantro

cilantro (usually uncountable, plural cilantros)

/sɪˈlæntɹəʊ/

From Spanish cilantro, possibly from an unattested regional Vulgar Latin variant (with front vowel) of Late Latin coliandrum, from Latin coriandrum (“coriander”). Doublet of coriander and culantro.

Coriandrum sativum
Coriandrum sativum#Translingual

(US) The stems and leaves of the coriander plant, Coriandrum sativum, used as a seasoning and garnish in cooking.


haya

From Spanish haya, from Old Spanish haya, from Latin [materia] fāgea (“hay wood”).

A beech tree, especially a Mexican beech (Fagus mexicana).


sweetie

desc

→ Kashubian: switus (Canada, United States)

"But... Do you feel better now?" "Much better, sweetie, thank you. Now I get to be a girl everyday."^([sic])

2022 April 8, Jocelyn Samara D., Rain (webcomic), Comic 1493 - Everyday:

(often as a term of address) A person who is much loved.


grenade

Borrowed from French grenade, from Old French grenate in the phrase pomme grenate (“pomegranate”), ultimately from Medieval Latin pomum (“apple”) + granatum (“having grains”). The -d developed in French under influence of Spanish granada. Doublet of garnet.

A small explosive device, designed to be thrown by hand or launched using a rifle, grenade launcher, or rocket.

лимо́нка

certain models, especially shaped as a lemon

ระเบิดมือ

rá-bə̀ət-mʉʉ


hemlock

en-noun

hemlock (countable and uncountable, plural hemlocks)

From Middle English hemlok, hemeluc, from Old English hemlīc, hymlīc m and hymlīce f (“hemlock, bryony, convolvulus”), of uncertain origin.
speculative etymology
Compare Old English hymele (“hop-vine, hops”), Old English humele (“bryony, widerton, hair moss, gold-hair, morning glory”), Danish and Swedish humle (“hops”), Icelandic humall (“hops”). Perhaps from Scythian, from Proto-Iranian *háwHmah (“ephedra; juice”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sáwHmas from Proto-Indo-European *sewh₁- (“to press out, extract”).
;cognates
* (from Sarmato-Scythian *haumala) Ossetian хумӕллӕг (xumællæg, “hops”)
* (from Sarmato-Scythian *hauma) Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬊𐬨𐬀 (haoma), Baluchi [script needed] (hum), Persian هوم (hôm))
* (from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sauma) Sanskrit सोम (soma))
More at suck.

der

The wind blows and the hemlocks wave their feathery leading shoots. Such a graceful profile, so elegant a tree.

2018, Richard Powers, The Overstory, Vintage (2019), page 380:

Any of several coniferous trees, of the genus Tsuga, that grow in North America; the wood of such trees.


shola

en-noun

shola (countable and uncountable, plural sholas)

A wild plant found in Bengal and Assam, Aeschynomene aspera, having a milky-white, spongy pith used for the manufacture of pith helmets and decorative artefacts.


kowhai

Any of several small woody legume trees in the genus Sophora native to New Zealand that have yellow flowers. The national flower of New Zealand.


Adam's apple

Calque of Latin pomum Adami, which is found in the botanical sense from 1560 and the anatomical sense from 1600. According to the earliest sources, the anatomical usage derives from a common belief that Adam was punished by God for the fall of man by having a piece of the forbidden fruit lodged in his throat (see 1662 citation).

The fourth [name of the citron] is named of diuers Pomum Assyrium, or Citron of Assyria, and may be Englished Adams apple, after the Italian name, and among the vulgar sort of Italians Lomie, of whom it is also called Pomum Adami, or Adams apple, and that came by the opinion of the commom rude people, who thinke it to be the same Apple, of which Adam did eate in Paradise when he transgressed Gods commandement

1597, John Gerarde, The Herball or Generall Historie of Plantes, London: John Norton, page 1281:

Citrus limetta
Citrus limetta#Translingual

Citrus medica
Citrus medica#Translingual

A citron (Citrus limetta, syn. of Citrus medica).


carob

carob (countable and uncountable, plural carobs)

Borrowed from Middle French carobe, from Arabic خَرُّوب (ḵarrūb), from Classical Syriac ܚܪܘܒܐ (ḥarrūḇā).

Ceratonia siliqua
Ceratonia siliqua#Translingual

An evergreen shrub or tree, Ceratonia siliqua, native to the Mediterranean region.


lemon juice

lemon juice (usually uncountable, plural lemon juices)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-lemon juice.wav

“Come and eat,” said my father. Everyone else had already eaten lunch, so my mother waited on me. First she gave me a tall glass of lemon juice, followed by white noodles, egg rolls, cucumber salad, fish sauce, and meat rolled in rice bread.

2001, Danny Lane, Black Silk Pajamas, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN, page 158:

They wiped his face with a hot towel, gave him a tall glass of very refreshing lemon juice, and took his temperature, after making him comfortable on a nice clean soft bed inside the ambulance, which sped along its siren wailing.

2006, Vithal Rajan, "Not So!" Stories for Older Children, →ISBN, page 63:

Spiritual pilgrims can console themselves for giving in to their appetites by making sure to buy fromage made by the monks of Cîteaux; pick up some good bread and sparkling lemon juice to go with the cheese and have a picnic on the way to the abbey.

2009, Madeline Scherb, A Taste of Heaven: A Guide to Food and Drink Made by Monks and Nuns, Penguin, →ISBN:

Smita Dongre settled Vikram on the sofa and a young lady dressed in a bright salwar kameez placed lemon juice and biscuits on the table. [...] Vikram sipped sugary lemon juice.

2014, Deepak Dalal, Sahyadri Adventure: Koleshwar's Secret, Westland, →ISBN:

Upon seating, guests are treated to a complimentary free glass of thirst quenching lemon juice with ice.

2014, Ale-esi Makgekgenene, “Sanitas Tea Garden a place to unwind”, in Sunday Standard:

The juice of a sweet lemon or sweet lime.


esperanza

Borrowed from Spanish esperanza (“hope”).


Forelle

From German Forelle (“trout”), because of its speckled coloration.


kanna

Sceletium tortuosum, a Southern African succulent with psychoactive properties.

Platysace cirrosa, a Western Australian perennial herb.


perry

en-noun

perry (countable and uncountable, plural perries)

From Middle English perre; from Old French peré; from Vulgar Latin *piratum; from Latin pirum.

M. Vasse never observed a fatal termination unless in two instances ; in which the persons, adults, had drank perry in large quantity.

1853, The Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal:

Perry is less popular than cider, but some consider it superior.

1892, James Mew, John Ashton, Drinks of the World:

Sip the perry of the Black Worchester and you will belch clouds of soot.

A fermented alcoholic beverage made from pears; somewhat analogous to cider.


green bean

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-green bean.wav

The immature pods of any kind of bean plant, eaten as a vegetable.

The immature pods of numerous varieties of the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris.

green bean galaxy
green bean galaxy#English


parsley

parsley (usually uncountable, plural parsleys)

From Middle English persely, from Old French peresil, from Latin petroselīnum, from Ancient Greek πετροσέλῑνον (petrosélīnon, “parsley”), from πέτρος (pétros, “rock, stone”) + σέλῑνον (sélīnon, “celery”). Displaced Old English petersiliġe, which goes back to the same root.

der

πετροσέλῑνον

Petroselinum crispum
Petroselinum crispum#Translingual

(countable, uncountable) A bright green, biennial herb, Petroselinum crispum, having many cultivars.

(uncountable) The leaves of this plant used in Middle Eastern, European, and American cooking.

(by extension, loosely) Any herb resembling parsley, such as cilantro (Chinese parsley) or chervil (French parsley).


til

Borrowed from Hindi तिल (til, “sesame”).

Any of species Ocotea foetens in family Lauraceae, native to Madeira and the Canary Islands.


briar

From French bruyère, assimilated with Etymology 1, above.

Erica arborea
Erica arborea#Translingual

White heath (Erica arborea), a thorny Mediterranean shrub.


rowan

From Middle English ron, rone, compare also Northern English raan-, ran. At first referring to its fruits, possibly of North Germanic origin. Possibly related to Old Norse reynir, (Norwegian Bokmål rogn, Danish røn). Ultimately related to the root of red.

Any of various small deciduous trees or shrubs of genus Sorbus, belonging to the rose family, with pinnate leaves, corymbs of white flowers, and usually with orange-red berries.


ginseng

en-noun

ginseng (countable and uncountable, plural ginsengs)

Borrowed from Hokkien 人參 /人参 (jîn-sim, “ginseng”). Doublet of ninzin.

bor+

Panax quinquefolius
Panax quinquefolius#Translingual

Any plant of two species of the genus Panax (Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius), having forked roots supposed to have medicinal and aphrodisiac properties.

جِينْسِنْغ

any of several plants, of the genus Panax


sycamore maple

Acer pseudoplatanus
Acer pseudoplatanus#Translingual

(chiefly US) The British and European sycamore tree, Acer pseudoplatanus.

Platanus occidentalis
Platanus occidentalis#Translingual

An American plane tree (Platanus occidentalis)


roble

Nothofagus obliqua (syn. Lophozonia obliqua); noble beech.


Tasmanian blue gum

en-noun

Tasmanian blue gum (plural Tasmanian blue gums)

The Australian eucalyptus, Eucalyptus globulus; a tall, straight tree, growing to 70 metres in height and 2 metres in trunk diameter.


rhododendron

rhododendron (plural rhododendrons or rhododendra)

rhododendrons (plural)
rhododendra (plural)

The obsolete sense derives from Latin rhododendron (“oleander”), from Ancient Greek ῥοδόδενδρον (rhodódendron, “oleander”), from ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) + δένδρον (déndron, “tree”). The modern sense comes through the intermediary of the genus name Rhododendron.

щхъачей

flowering shrub in the genus Rhododendron

dwarf rhododendron Rhododendron anthopogon)

great white rhododendron (Rhododendron decorum

Pontic rhododendron
pontic rhododendron#English

Rhododendron ponticum
Rhododendron ponticum#Translingual

Any of various flowering shrubs in the genus Rhododendron, especially

(UK) Pontic rhododendron, common rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum)


sweet gum

Liquidambar styraciflua
Liquidambar styraciflua#Translingual

Any of several Oriental and American trees, of the genus Liquidambar, having brilliant autumn coloration; their wood is used for furniture, wood pulp and plywood.

Liquidambar styraciflua, the sweet gum tree.


strawberry tree

en-noun

strawberry tree (plural strawberry trees)

Arbutus unedo
Arbutus unedo#Translingual

A cane apple, an evergreen shrub or small tree (Arbutus unedo), in family Ericaceae, native to the Mediterranean region and western Europe north to western France and Ireland, which bears fruits which resemble strawberries.

Any of the other species of Arbutus, native to Europe and temperate North America, especially

Arbutus menziesii
Arbutus menziesii#Translingual

A madrone (Arbutus menziesii), an evergreen tree with rich orange-red bark which naturally peels away in thin sheets when mature, and which bears berries which are astringent but edible if prepared properly.

Muntingia calabura
Muntingia calabura#Translingual

A calabur tree (Muntingia calabura), in the family Malvaceae, native to the American tropics

Chinese strawberry tree
Chinese strawberry tree

A Chinese strawberry tree (Myrica rubra), in the family Myricaceae


pinesap

Monotropa hypopitys
Monotropa hypopitys#Translingual

A myco-heterotroph (Monotropa hypopitys), formerly thought to be a saprophyte, having racemes of drooping flowers.


dragon's blood

For black magic, assafœtida, garlic, dragon's blood, sulphur, and such-like vile-smelling concoctions were used.

1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 155:

Another ancient vegetable relic surviving in Macaronesia is the legendary dragon tree, whose sap, marketed as dragon’s blood, was in past times much prized as a medicine, as incense and as a dye.

2018, Tim Flannery, Europe: A Natural History, page 97:

A bright red resin, obtained from different species of a number of distinct plants Calamus rotang and genera Croton, Dracaena, Daemonorops, and Pterocarpus, used in the manufacture of varnishes, lacquers, medicines, and incenses.


limeade

limeade (countable and uncountable, plural limeades)

(uncountable) A citrus drink made from water, sugar, and the juice of limes.


sida

(botany) any of the flowering plants of the genus Sida in the mallow family


crabapple

/ˈkɹæbˌæpəl/

Malus domestica
Malus domestica#Translingual

Any of the wild species of apple tree, genus Malus, which generally yield small, bitter fruit (in comparison to domestic apples, Malus domestica).


pohickory

A kind of hickory nut milk prepared by Native Americans in New England and used as a beverage.


sapodilla

/ˌsæpəˈdɪlə/

From Spanish sapodilla, from Nahuatl tzapocuahuitl.

Manilkara zapota
Manilkara zapota#Translingual

A long-lived evergreen tree, Manilkara zapota, native to the New World tropics.


hydrangea

From Ancient Greek ὕδωρ (húdōr, “water”) + ἀγγεῖον (angeîon, “vessel, capsule”).

It also offers a portal to something deeper: a current collective wish to fill our kitchens with hydrangeas, drape ourselves in Eileen Fisher, pour some wine over ice with our closest friends and stop sweating the small stuff.

2022 August 16, Jenni Avins, “Boomers Are All the Rage”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Any of several shrubs, of the genus Hydrangea, having large clusters of white, pink or blue flowers


pluot

A portmanteau from blend of plum + apricot. Compare earlier plumcot.

A fruit which is a cross between a Japanese plum and an apricot, featuring more characteristics of plums than those of apricots.


aprium

A three-quarter apricot is an aprium, which is very apricotlike in tree type and fruit. Plumcots are extremely flavorful fruits that tend to bear poorly for the first few years.

2007, The home orchard: growing your own deciduous fruit and nut trees (ISBN-10: 1-879906-72-4), page 33

For an excellent plain Aprium jam, you may omit the almonds.

2010, Rachel Saunders, Sara Remington, The Blue Chair Jam Cookbook, page 140:

When the puppet is finished, we wander through the farmer's market and stop at the local foods booth, where our friend Aaron lets us sample farm-direct apriums. Amy spots a bevy of belly dancers and says she wants to watch.

2010, Michael Perry, Coop: A Family, a Farm, and the Pursuit of One Good Egg, page 216:

(neologism) A plum-apricot cross, with characteristics of both fruits.


celery seed

celery seed (countable and uncountable, plural celery seeds)

Apium graveolens
Apium graveolens#Translingual

The seed of the plant celery, Apium graveolens, used as a seasoning in cooking.