pumpkin

en-noun

pumpkin (countable and uncountable, plural pumpkins)

Tok Pisin: pamkin

→ Big Nambas: pavkin

→ Irish: puimcín

→ Japanese: パンプキン (panpukin)

→ Marshallese: baan̄ke

→ Scottish Gaelic: puimcean

Alteration of pompion, pumpion (“pumpkin”) with the diminutive -kin, from Middle French pompon, from Latin pepō (whence English pepo), from Ancient Greek πέπων (pépōn, “large melon”), from πέπων (pépōn, “ripe”), from πέπτω (péptō, “ripen”).
The alternative theory that it may be from Massachusett pôhpukun (“grows forth round”) is false.

noncog

(Australia) Any of a number of cultivars from the genus Cucurbita; known in the US as winter squash.


squash

en-noun

squash (countable and uncountable, plural squash or squashes)

Shortening of Narragansett askutasquash (“[a vegetable] eaten green (or raw)”), from askut (“green, raw”) + asquash (“eaten”).

wasawa

plant and its fruit of the genus Cucurbita

Cucurbita maxima
Cucurbita maxima#Translingual

(botany, countable) A plant and its fruit of any of a few species of the genus Cucurbita, or gourd kind.

Cucurbita maxima, including hubbard squash, great winter squash, buttercup squash, and some varieties of pumpkins.

Cucurbita argyrosperma (syn. Cucurbita mixta), cushaw squash.

Cucurbita moschata
Cucurbita moschata#Translingual

Cucurbita moschata, butternut squash, Barbary squash, China squash.

Cucurbita pepo
Cucurbita pepo#Translingual

Cucurbita pepo, most pumpkins, acorn squash, summer squash, zucchini.


marrow

en-noun

marrow (countable and uncountable, plural marrows)

From Middle English mary, marow, marwe, marowȝ, from Old English mearg, from Proto-West Germanic *maʀg, from Proto-Germanic *mazgą, *mazgaz, from Proto-Indo-European *mosgʰos. Compare West Frisian moarch, Dutch merg, German Mark, Swedish märg, Icelandic mergur, and also Russian мозг (mozg, “brain”), Polish mózg (“brain”), Persian مغز (mağz, “brain”). Doublet of maghaz.

Turning back, then, toward the basement staircase, she began to grope her way through blinding darkness, but had taken only a few uncertain steps when, of a sudden, she stopped short and for a little stood like a stricken thing, quite motionless save that she quaked to her very marrow in the grasp of a great and enervating fear.

1914 November, Louis Joseph Vance, “An Outsider […]”, in Munsey’s Magazine, volume LIII, number II, New York, N.Y.: The Frank A[ndrew] Munsey Company, […], published 1915, →OCLC, chapter III (Accessory After the Fact), page 382, column 1:

Chop me up, I like to be hurt / Drink my marrow and blood for dessert

(uncountable) The substance inside bones which produces blood cells.


courgette

Unadapted borrowing from French courgette, diminutive of courge (“vegetable marrow, marrow squash”). Ultimately related to zucchini through the original Latin cucurbita.

ubor

(British, Ireland, uncountable) A particular variety of Cucurbita pepo, a small marrow/squash.

意大利青瓜 (ji³ daai⁶ lei⁶ ceng¹ gwa¹, literally “Italian cucumber”)


zucchini

→ Japanese: ズッキーニ

Borrowed from Italian zucchini, plural of zucchino, diminutive of zucca (“squash”). Ultimately related to courgette through the original Latin cucurbita. Compare Sicilian cucuzza.

(Australia, New Zealand, Canada, US, Philippines) A courgette; a variety of squash, Cucurbita pepo, which bears edible fruit.


vegetable marrow

en-noun

vegetable marrow (plural vegetable marrows)


pepo

Borrowed from Latin pepō, from Ancient Greek πέπων (pépōn, “large melon”), from πέπων (pépōn, “ripe”), from πέπτω (péptō, “ripen”). Doublet of pumpion; compare pumpkin.

A fruit of plants of the gourd family Cucurbitaceae, possessing a hard rind and producing many seeds in a single, central, pulpy chamber.

The Papago claim that their ancient pepo would produce a mature, sweet melon if the ground were wet only once, while the "new" melons would not.

1945, George Francis Carter, Plant Geography and Culture History in the American Southwest, Issue 5 edition, page 25:


butternut squash

butternut squash (countable and uncountable, plural butternut squashes)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-butternut squash.wav

A vase-shaped orange-fleshed hard winter squash, a cultivar of Cucurbita moschata.


acorn squash

Any of several varieties of a plant, Cucurbita pepo, being a dark green winter squash having yellow to orange flesh.


jack-o'-lantern

Originally, a night watchman who carried a lantern. (See Jack.)
Attested as a term for ignis fatuus in English folklore in the 1660s, mostly in East Anglia but also in southwestern England.
The sense of carved pumpkin in American English is attested in 1834.

A carved pumpkin whose top and stem have been cut out and interior removed, leaving a hollow shell that is then decorated to represent a face, illuminated from within by a candle. It is a symbol of Halloween.


crookneck

Any of several yellow varieties of squash having a curved neck.


butternut

butternut (countable and uncountable, plural butternuts)

He made a delicious butternut soup.

Butternut squash
butternut squash#English

(informal outside South Africa) Butternut squash.


delicata

So named because of its delicate skin that does not need to be peeled before cooking and can be eaten.

But once you've tasted the sweet flesh of a delicata or slipped the strands of a spaghetti squash out of its shell, you'll never again regard winter squash as merely an agricultural art piece.

1992 October 13, Nanette Blanchard, “Autumn's Glory”, in Vegetarian Times, page 67:

You will need one medium butternut or two or three delicatas.

2004, Jack Bishop, Richard G. Jung, “Winter Squash Risotto with Sage and Parmesan”, in A Year in a Vegetarian Kitchen, →ISBN, page 354:

The best winter squashes (delicata, for example) have edible skins and are amazing just chunked and roasted with a little oil[…].

2009 January 17, Mark Bittman, “Stale spices, canned beans are no-nos for new year”, in Toronto Star:

(Canada, US) An heirloom variety of winter squash, oblong in shape and having a cream-colored skin with green stripes


pepita

An edible seed from a pumpkin or similar squash, which may - after being roasted (and, if needed, shelled) - be eaten as a snack or used as an ingredient in cooking.


kabocha

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-kabocha.wav

From Japanese 南瓜 (kabocha, “pumpkin, squash”).

bor

A variety of Japanese winter squash, from species Cucurbita maxima.


tromboncino

en-noun

tromboncino (plural tromboncinos or tromboncini)

tromboncinos (plural)
tromboncini (plural)

A kind of squash, that grows on a vine, has a shape reminiscent of a trombone, is eaten as a summer squash, and often exceeds two feet in length when mature as a winter squash.


cushaw

Speculation that the term derives from a Native American language is unsubstantiated.

Any of certain cultivars of Cucurbita argyrosperma (Cucurbita mixta), one of the species of winter squash.

南瓜

Cucurbita argyrosperma, the winter squash


spaghetti squash

spaghetti squash (plural spaghetti squashes or spaghetti squash)

spaghetti squashes (plural)
spaghetti squash (plural)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-spaghetti squash.wav

An oblong seed-bearing variety of winter squash, in the species Cucurbita pepo.


zuke

But please use tender young squash. The zuke someone overlooked in the garden until it was the size of a rolling pin will be too bitter for this casserole.

2005, Beth Hensperger, Julie Kaufmann, Not Your Mother's Slow Cooker Cookbook:

By the time she was nine, Nina was traveling to distant markets on her own to sell her family's fresh tomatoes, beans, squash, zukes, cukes, peppers[…]

2009, Dev Patnaik, Peter Mortensen, Wired to care: how companies prosper when they create widespread empathy:


pattypan squash

pattypan squash (plural pattypan squash)

A summer squash of the species Cucurbita pepo, notable for its small size, round and shallow shape, and scalloped edges, which cause it to somewhat resemble a small toy top or a flying saucer.


pumpkinseed

From pumpkin + seed. The fish is so named for its small body that is shaped much like a pumpkin seed.

The current menu includes curried goat, rack of lamb with a pumpkinseed crust, and braised short ribs.

2007 June 10, “Newcomers, End to End”, in New York Times:

Alternative form of pumpkin seed (“the seed of a pumpkin”).


egg squash

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-egg squash.wav

A subspecies of squash with small egg-shaped fruit, Cucurbita pepo subsp. polymorpha


winter squash

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-winter squash.wav

So called because they are typically harvested in autumn/fall to be stored during winter.

Any of numerous cultivars of four species of summer-growing vegetable of the genus Cucurbita


squantersquash

Borrowed from Narragansett *askútasquash, cognate to Unami kèskùnthàkw, Mohegan-Pequot áskot.

(obsolete) Squash (the plant or vegetable).


summer squash

Any of various squashes, mostly varieties of Curcubita pepo, that are harvested when immature, while the rind is still tender and edible.

zucchetta - Cucurbita moschata cultivars


zucchetta

(historical) A form of helmet worn in the 16th century.


kamokamo

(New Zealand) A variety of squash, Cucurbita pepo.


three sisters

A calque from an Iroquoian language, compare Mohawk áhsen nikontatenò:sen, Oneida áshʌnaɂtekutahnú·tele, and Onondaga ahsę́ naˀdegųdęhnų́·dæ·ˀ.
First attested in 1850 in the context of Iroquoian mythology (see quote below). Use in reference to the plants themselves first attested in the 1890s (see also below).

One beautiful idea relates to the corn, beans and squashes, all indigenous plants which are called three sisters as well as their life or supporters. The thought is a happy one, for they grow together, and were always important in Indian life.

[1892, William M. Beauchamp, “Iroquois Stories”, in The Iroquois Trail, or Footprints of the Six Nations, […] , Fayetteville: H. C. Beauchamp, →LCCN, page 128:

The three sisters work together as companion plants in many ways. Growing wide-spreading pumpkin vine among vertically oriented corn and beans saves space.

2012, Gail Damerow, The Perfect Pumpkin: Growing/Cooking/Carving, Storey Publishing, →ISBN, page 56:

She gave me specifics on what to plant and the layout of the garden. Traditional Native American plants, heirloom varieties only, no GMOs allowed. Use the three sisters approach for planting corn, squash and beans, ilito onions would ring the interior of the fence and sunflowers would stand tall.

2012, Kathleen O’Dwyer, Breathing Blue: Giving my life to Spirit and Spirit to my life, AuthorHouse, →ISBN, page 151:

Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris#Translingual

(US, Canada, agriculture, horticulture) The combination of maize (corn), pole beans (Phaseolus vulgaris or climbing beans, string beans, etc.), and squash (i.e. pumpkin), especially when planted together in intertwined plantings.


Japanese pumpkin

Japanese pumpkin (plural Japanese pumpkins)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Japanese pumpkin.wav


toadback

A kind of large, orange-fleshed pumpkin.


scallop squash

scallop squash (plural scallop squashes)


custard squash

custard squash (plural custard squashes)


sunburst squash

sunburst squash (plural sunburst squashes)