wp-wꜣwt

Old Coptic: ⲟⲩⲡⲟⲩⲟⲓⲉ (oupouoie)

wp (“opener”) + wꜣwt (plural of wꜣt (“way”)) in a direct genitive construction, thus ‘opener of the ways’.

plural of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">wꜣt</i> (“way”)


prt-ḫrw

/ˌpəɾəχəˈɾaw/

/ˌpəɾəχəˈɾaw/

Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE

/ˌpəɾəχəˈɾaw/

/ˌpəɾəχəˈɾaw/

prt (infinitive of prj (“to emerge”)) + ḫrw (“voice”), thus ‘emergence of the voice’.

af

infinitive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">prj</i> (“to emerge”)

a funerary offering of which the spirit of the deceased is called to partake, generally made under the auspices of Osiris and consisting of at least bread, beer, cattle, and fowl; invocation offering


sbk-ḥtp

sbk (“Sobek”) + ḥtp (“to be content”) + (.w) (masculine singular stative ending), thus ‘Sobek is content’.


stp.n-rꜥ

From stp.n (perfect relative form of stp) + rꜥ (“Ra”), thus literally ‘(he) whom Ra has chosen’. The written form demonstrates honorific transposition. It is attested as 𒐼𒋼𒅁𒈾𒊑𒀀 (šá-te-ep-na-re-a) in Akkadian cuneiform documents dating to the reign of Ramesses II (c. 1250 B.C.E.).

perfect relative form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">stp</i>

egy-ht

a common epithet sometimes added to the throne names of pharaohs


sḫmt

Old Coptic: ⲥⲁⲭⲙⲓ (sakhmi)

→ Ancient Greek: Σαχμίς (Sakhmís)

→ English: Sekhmet (learned)

sḫm (“to be powerful, to have power over”) + -t (feminine suffix).

af

the goddess Sekhmet, personification of overmastering power


sḫmt

(rare) power, capability, especially capability to overpower

(rare) fertility, capacity for procreation


nṯr-ꜥꜣ

Old Coptic: ⲛⲉⲧⲱ (netō)

Coptic: ⲛⲉⲧⲟ (neto), ⲛⲉⲧⲁ (neta) (Dialect K)

/nɛt͡ʃɛr ɑːʔɑ/

nṯr (“god”) + ꜥꜣ (“great, elder”), thus (conventionally) ‘the great god’ or (more accurately) ‘the elder god’.

epithet for the dead former king, in contrast to nṯr-nfr for the currently living king

epithet for the senior king in a coregency, in contrast to nṯr-nfr for the junior king

sw-t:Htp-di-ir:st-A40-nb-Dd-d:O49-w-nTr-O29V-nb-Ab-b-Dw:O49
ḥtp ḏj nswt wsjr nb-ḏdw nṯr-ꜥꜣ nb-ꜣbḏw […]

An offering given by the king and Osiris, the Lord of Djedu, the Elder God, the Lord of Abydos […]

a very common epithet of various gods, especially Osiris and Ra


nbw-kꜣw-rꜥ

nbw (“golden”) + kꜣw (“kas”) + rꜥ (“Ra”), thus ‘golden (one) of the kas of Ra’. The written form demonstrates honorific transposition.

A throne name notably borne by Amenemhat II, a pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty


sdmj

s-d-mi-i caus. 3-lit. (canonical)
sdmj (infinitive)
sdmjw (infinitive negative)
sdmj (infinitive negative)
sdmjt (infinitive)
sdmj (imperative infinitive singular)
sdmj (imperative infinitive plural)
sdmj (stative)
ḥr sdmj (imperfective)
m sdmj (imperfective)
r sdmj (prospective)
sdmj.n (active perfect)
sdmjw (passive perfect)
sdmj (passive perfect)
sdmj.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
sdmjt (terminative)
sdmj (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
sdmj.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
sdmj (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
sdmjw (active prospective)
sdmj (active prospective)
sdmjy (active prospective)
sdmjw (passive prospective)
sdmj (passive prospective)
sdmjy (passive prospective)
sdmj.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
sdmj (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
sdmj.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
sdmj (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
sdmj (active participle perfective)
sdmj (participle passive perfective)
sdmjw (participle passive perfective)
sdmjy (participle passive perfective)
sdmj (active imperfective participle relative)
sdmjy (active imperfective participle relative)
sdmjw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
sdmj (active imperfective participle)
sdmjj (active imperfective participle)
sdmjy (active imperfective participle)
sdmj (imperfective participle passive)
sdmjw (imperfective participle passive)
sdmj (active participle prospective relative)
sdmjtj (active participle prospective relative)
sdmjwtj (participle prospective)
sdmjtj (participle prospective)
sdmjt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-caus-x-lit

causative triliteral / caus. 3-lit. / caus. 3rad.

egy-conj-table

sdmjt

sdmjw.tj1, sdmj.tj1, sdmjy.tj1, sdmjw.tw2, sdmj.tw2, sdmjy.tw2

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.

s- (causative prefix) + dmj (“to touch”).


ḥr-m-ḥꜣt

ḥr (“Horus”) + m (“in”) + ḥꜣt (“forepart, front”), thus ‘Horus is at the fore’.


ḏfꜣ

ḏfꜣ (singular)
ḏfꜣwj (dual)
ḏfꜣw (plural)


špssw

Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲃϣⲓ (šbši)

a:A1-ini-n:t-n:k\-H-a-w-P1:Z2-A-t:p-w-A2-A24-Xr:r-A51-s-s-Y2:Z2-nb:n-km-m-t-niwt:t*Z1-!-mi-i-ir:r-t:n-nTr-Z1-U7:r-r-A2-r:T-A1*B1:Z2-!-m-tA:N23*Z1-wA-A-N31-D35-r:x-Y2-sw-W-r-T-A1-B1-Z2ss
dj.j jn.t(w) n.k ḥꜥw ꜣtp.w ẖr špssw nb n(j) kmt mj jrrt n nṯr mrr r(m)ṯ m tꜣ wꜣ nj rḫ sw r(m)ṯ

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 146–148

I will have them bring you a fleet laden with every finery of Egypt, like what is done for a god beloved by people in a faraway land people don’t know.


ḥtp ḏj nswt

ḥtp ḏj nswt (singular)
ḥtpwj ḏjwj nswt (dual)
ḥtpw ḏjw nswt (plural)

From ḥtp (“offering”) + ḏj (perfective relative form of rḏj) + nswt (“king”), thus ‘an offering that the king gives’. The written form demonstrates honorific transposition.

ḏj <pos:perfective relative form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">rḏj</i>>

a funerary gift authorized by the king, generally not given by the king personally but by a local funerary establishment under the patronage of a particular god; a royal offering


sꜥsꜥ

z:a-z:a-nDs 4-lit. (canonical)
sꜥsꜥ (infinitive)
sꜥsꜥw (infinitive negative)
sꜥsꜥ (infinitive negative)
sꜥsꜥt (infinitive)
sꜥsꜥ (imperative infinitive singular)
sꜥsꜥ (imperative infinitive plural)
sꜥsꜥ (stative)
ḥr sꜥsꜥ (imperfective)
m sꜥsꜥ (imperfective)
r sꜥsꜥ (prospective)
sꜥsꜥ.n (active perfect)
sꜥsꜥw (passive perfect)
sꜥsꜥ (passive perfect)
sꜥsꜥ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
sꜥsꜥt (terminative)
sꜥsꜥ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
sꜥsꜥ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
sꜥsꜥ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
sꜥsꜥw (active prospective)
sꜥsꜥ (active prospective)
sꜥsꜥw (passive prospective)
sꜥsꜥ (passive prospective)
sꜥsꜥ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
sꜥsꜥ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
sꜥsꜥ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
sꜥsꜥ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
sꜥsꜥ (active participle perfective)
sꜥsꜥ (participle passive perfective)
sꜥsꜥw (participle passive perfective)
sꜥsꜥy (participle passive perfective)
sꜥsꜥ (active imperfective participle relative)
sꜥsꜥy (active imperfective participle relative)
sꜥsꜥw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
sꜥsꜥ (active imperfective participle)
sꜥsꜥj (active imperfective participle)
sꜥsꜥy (active imperfective participle)
sꜥsꜥ (imperfective participle passive)
sꜥsꜥw (imperfective participle passive)
sꜥsꜥ (active participle prospective relative)
sꜥsꜥtj (active participle prospective relative)
sꜥsꜥwtj (participle prospective)
sꜥsꜥtj (participle prospective)
sꜥsꜥt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

sꜥsꜥt

sꜥsꜥw.tj1, sꜥsꜥ.tj1, sꜥsꜥw.tw2, sꜥsꜥ.tw2


ktt

k:t*t-nDs 2ae gem. (canonical)
ktt (infinitive)
ktt (infinitive negative)
kttt (infinitive)
ktt (imperative infinitive singular)
kt (imperative infinitive singular)
ktt (imperative infinitive plural)
kt (imperative infinitive plural)
ktt (stative)
kt (stative)
ḥr ktt (imperfective)
m ktt (imperfective)
r ktt (prospective)
ktt.n (active perfect)
kt.n (active perfect)
kt.jn (active consecutive contingent)
kttt (active terminative)
kt (active perfective)
ktt.ḫr (active obligative)
ktt (active imperfective)
ktt (active prospective)
kt.kꜣ (active potential)
kt (active subjunctive)
kt.n (active participle perfect)
kt (active participle perfective)
kt (participle passive perfective)
ktw (participle passive perfective)
kty (participle passive perfective)
ktt (active imperfective participle)
ktty (active imperfective participle)
kttw (active imperfective participle)
kttj (active imperfective participle)
ktt (imperfective participle passive)
kttw (imperfective participle passive)
kt (active participle prospective)
kttj (active participle prospective)
ktttj (participle prospective)
kttt (participle prospective)

kttt

ktt.n.tj1, kt.n.tj1, ktt.n.tw2, kt.n.tw2

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.
# <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">kt</i> before suffix pronouns.

(intransitive) to be(come) little, small in size

(intransitive, of children) to be(come) little, very young in age

(intransitive, of siblings and offspring) to be(come) younger (relative to other siblings or offspring)

(intransitive, of time) to be(come) short, brief

(intransitive) to be(come) little, sparse, small in quantity

(intransitive) to be(come) trifling, weak, unimportant


ktt

ktt (singular)
kttj (dual)
ktwt (plural)


ktt

desc

>? Bohairic Coptic: ⲕⲁⲕⲑⲓ (kakthi), ⲕⲁⲕⲧⲓ (kakti), ⲭⲁⲕⲑⲓ (khakthi)

>? Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲁⲕⲧⲉ (kakte), ⲕⲁⲧⲕⲉ (katke)

ii-k:t-t:L4-zp:Z1*Z1-m-t:A14-w-S:a-A2-k:t-t:L4

c. 2050 BCE – 1950 BCE, Coffin Texts, version B1Boᵃ (outer coffin of Djehutinakht, Boston 20.1822–27) spell 433

The louse comes, the louse comes dead, the louse is chewed.


sḥꜣj

s-HA-S28 caus. 3ae inf. (canonical)
sḥꜣt (infinitive)
sḥꜣj (infinitive)
sḥꜣw (infinitive negative)
sḥꜣ (infinitive negative)
sḥꜣwt (infinitive)
sḥꜣyt (infinitive)
sḥꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
sḥꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
sḥꜣy (imperative infinitive plural)
sḥꜣ (stative)
ḥr sḥꜣt (imperfective)
ḥr sḥꜣj (imperfective)
m sḥꜣt (imperfective)
m sḥꜣj (imperfective)
r sḥꜣt (prospective)
r sḥꜣj (prospective)
sḥꜣ.n (active perfect)
sḥꜣw (passive perfect)
sḥꜣ (passive perfect)
sḥꜣy (passive perfect)
sḥꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
sḥꜣt (terminative)
sḥꜣ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
sḥꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
sḥꜣ (active imperfective)
sḥꜣy (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
sḥꜣw (active prospective)
sḥꜣ (active prospective)
sḥꜣy (active prospective)
sḥꜣw (passive prospective)
sḥꜣ (passive prospective)
sḥꜣy (passive prospective)
sḥꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
sḥꜣ (active subjunctive)
sḥꜣy (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
sḥꜣ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
sḥꜣw (active participle perfective relative)
sḥꜣy (active participle perfective relative)
sḥꜣ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
sḥꜣ (active participle perfective)
sḥꜣy (participle passive perfective)
sḥꜣ (participle passive perfective)
sḥꜣꜣ (active imperfective participle relative)
sḥꜣꜣy (active imperfective participle relative)
sḥꜣꜣw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
sḥꜣꜣ (active imperfective participle)
sḥꜣꜣj (active imperfective participle)
sḥꜣꜣy (active imperfective participle)
sḥꜣꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
sḥꜣꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
sḥꜣw (active participle prospective relative)
sḥꜣy (active participle prospective relative)
sḥꜣ (active participle prospective relative)
sḥꜣtj (active participle prospective relative)
sḥꜣwtj (participle prospective)
sḥꜣtj (participle prospective)
sḥꜣt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

sḥꜣt

causative third weak / caus. 3ae inf. / caus. III. inf.

sḥꜣw.tj1, sḥꜣ.tj1, sḥꜣy.tj1, sḥꜣw.tw2, sḥꜣ.tw2, sḥꜣy.tw2

sḥꜣꜣ, sḥꜣꜣy, sḥꜣꜣw5

sḥꜣꜣ, sḥꜣꜣj6, sḥꜣꜣy6

sḥꜣꜣ, sḥꜣꜣw5

s- (causative prefix) + ḥꜣj (“to be bare”).


jw.s pw

jw (imperfective relative form of jwj (“to come”)) + .s (“she, it”) + pw (“this is...”), literally ‘it is that it comes’.

imperfective relative form of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">jwj</i> (“to come”)

(Late Egyptian) formulaic statement made in the colophon or conclusion of a literary text; that’s how it goes, the end


jw.f pw

jw (imperfective relative form of jwj (“to come”)) + .f (“he, it”) + pw (“this is...”), literally ‘it is that it comes’.

aHa-a:n-r:a-kA-Z1-gm-m-n:A1-A1-r-m:r-niwt:t*Z1-TA-t:A1-!-D54-W-f-p-W
ꜥḥꜥ.n rdj kꜣ-gm-n.j r jmj-r nwt ṯꜣt(j) jw.f pw

c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 2.8–2.9

Then Kagemni was made overseer of the city and vizier. That’s how it goes. / The end.


pḥwj

pH-w&y (canonical masculine)
pḥwj (singular)
pḥwjwj (dual)
pḥwjw (plural)

desc

Bohairic Coptic: ⲫⲁϩⲟⲩ (phahou), ⲫⲁϩⲟⲩⲓ (phahoui)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲡⲉϩⲟⲩ (pehou)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲡⲁϩⲟⲩ (pahou)


mjwj

mjwj (masculine singular)
mjwt (feminine singular)
mjwjwj (dual masculine)
mjwwj (dual masculine)
mjwtj (dual feminine)
mjwjw (masculine plural)
mjww (masculine plural)
mjwwt (feminine plural)
mjwt (feminine plural)


qꜣj ḫrw

From qꜣj (“to be(come) high”) + ḫrw (“voice”), thus literally ‘to be(come) high of voice’.


šzpt

šzpt (singular)
šzptj (dual)
šzpwt (plural)


šmmt

šmmt (singular)
šmmtj (dual)
šmmwt (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ϧⲉⲙⲓ (xemi)

desc

Fayyumic Coptic: ϩⲉⲙⲓ (hemi), ϩⲉⲓⲙⲓ (heimi)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϩⲙⲙⲉ (hmme)

Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲙⲙⲉ (hmme)


ḏsr

Dsr:r 3-lit. (canonical)
ḏsr (infinitive)
ḏsrw (infinitive negative)
ḏsr (infinitive negative)
ḏsrt (infinitive)
ḏsr (imperative infinitive singular)
ḏsr (imperative infinitive plural)
ḏsr (stative)
ḥr ḏsr (imperfective)
m ḏsr (imperfective)
r ḏsr (prospective)
ḏsr.n (active perfect)
ḏsrw (passive perfect)
ḏsr (passive perfect)
ḏsr.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ḏsrt (terminative)
ḏsr (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ḏsr.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ḏsr (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ḏsr (active prospective)
ḏsrr (passive prospective)
ḏsr.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ḏsr (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ḏsr.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ḏsr (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ḏsr (active participle perfective)
ḏsr (participle passive perfective)
ḏsrw (participle passive perfective)
ḏsry (participle passive perfective)
ḏsr (active imperfective participle relative)
ḏsry (active imperfective participle relative)
ḏsrw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ḏsr (active imperfective participle)
ḏsrj (active imperfective participle)
ḏsry (active imperfective participle)
ḏsr (imperfective participle passive)
ḏsrw (imperfective participle passive)
ḏsr (active participle prospective relative)
ḏsrtj (active participle prospective relative)
ḏsrtj (participle prospective)
ḏsrt (participle prospective)

(transitive) to clear or keep clear (a road, a path) (+ n: for (someone))

(transitive) to sunder, to separate, to isolate or segregate away (+ r: from)

(intransitive) to be(come) separated from

(transitive) to sanctify, to make sacred


ḏsr

A throne name notably borne by Djoser, a pharaoh of the Third Dynasty


qsn

q-qs-n:nDs 3-lit. (canonical)
qsn (infinitive)
qsnw (infinitive negative)
qsn (infinitive negative)
qsnt (infinitive)
qsn (imperative infinitive singular)
qsn (imperative infinitive plural)
qsn (stative)
ḥr qsn (imperfective)
m qsn (imperfective)
r qsn (prospective)
qsn.n (active perfect)
qsn.jn (active consecutive contingent)
qsnt (active terminative)
qsn (active perfective)
qsn.ḫr (active obligative)
qsn (active imperfective)
qsn (active prospective)
qsn.kꜣ (active potential)
qsn (active subjunctive)
qsn.n (active participle perfect)
qsn (active participle perfective)
qsn (participle passive perfective)
qsnw (participle passive perfective)
qsny (participle passive perfective)
qsn (active imperfective participle)
qsny (active imperfective participle)
qsnw (active imperfective participle)
qsnj (active imperfective participle)
qsn (imperfective participle passive)
qsnw (imperfective participle passive)
qsn (active participle prospective)
qsntj (active participle prospective)
qsntj (participle prospective)
qsnt (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to be(come) physically painful

(intransitive) to be(come) physically pained

(intransitive) to be(come) mentally distressed or aggrieved

(intransitive, of work or acts) to be(come) difficult or hard to do

(intransitive, of times) to be(come) hard or troubled


qsn

q-qs-n:nDs (canonical masculine)
qsn (singular)
qsnwj (dual)
qsnw (plural)


swdfj

s-W-d:D54-f caus. 4ae inf. (canonical)
swdf (infinitive)
swdfw (infinitive negative)
swdf (infinitive negative)
swdft (infinitive)
swdf (imperative infinitive singular)
swdf (imperative infinitive plural)
swdf (stative)
ḥr swdf (imperfective)
m swdf (imperfective)
r swdf (prospective)
swdf.n (active perfect)
swdfw (passive perfect)
swdf (passive perfect)
swdf.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
swdft (terminative)
swdf (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
swdf.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
swdf (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
swdfw (active prospective)
swdf (active prospective)
swdfy (active prospective)
swdfw (passive prospective)
swdf (passive prospective)
swdfy (passive prospective)
swdf.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
swdf (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
swdf.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
swdf (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
swdf (active participle perfective)
swdf (participle passive perfective)
swdfw (participle passive perfective)
swdfy (participle passive perfective)
swdf (active imperfective participle relative)
swdfy (active imperfective participle relative)
swdfw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
swdf (active imperfective participle)
swdfj (active imperfective participle)
swdfy (active imperfective participle)
swdf (imperfective participle passive)
swdfw (imperfective participle passive)
swdf (active participle prospective relative)
swdftj (active participle prospective relative)
swdfwtj (participle prospective)
swdftj (participle prospective)
swdft (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

swdft

swdfw.tj1, swdf.tj1, swdfy.tj1, swdfw.tw2, swdf.tw2, swdfy.tw2

s- (causative prefix) + wdfj (“to be(come) late, to delay”).


ꜥš

a:S-A2 2-lit. (canonical)
ꜥš (infinitive)
ꜥšw (infinitive negative)
ꜥš (infinitive negative)
ꜥšt (infinitive)
ꜥš (imperative infinitive singular)
j.ꜥš (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜥš (imperative infinitive plural)
j.ꜥš (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜥš (stative)
ḥr ꜥš (imperfective)
m ꜥš (imperfective)
r ꜥš (prospective)
ꜥš.n (active perfect)
ꜥšw (passive perfect)
ꜥš (passive perfect)
ꜥš.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ꜥšt (terminative)
ꜥš (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ꜥš.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ꜥš (active imperfective)
j.ꜥš (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ꜥš (active prospective)
ꜥšš (passive prospective)
ꜥš.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ꜥš (active subjunctive)
j.ꜥš (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ꜥš.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ꜥš (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ꜥš (active participle perfective)
ꜥšš (participle passive perfective)
ꜥššj (participle passive perfective)
ꜥš (participle passive perfective)
ꜥšw (participle passive perfective)
ꜥšy (participle passive perfective)
j.ꜥš (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜥš (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜥšy (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜥšw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
j.ꜥš (active imperfective participle)
j.ꜥšw (active imperfective participle)
ꜥš (active imperfective participle)
ꜥšj (active imperfective participle)
ꜥšy (active imperfective participle)
ꜥš (imperfective participle passive)
ꜥšw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜥš (active participle prospective relative)
ꜥštj (active participle prospective relative)
ꜥštj (participle prospective)
ꜥšt (participle prospective)

Demotic: ꜥš

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲱϣ (ōš)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲱϣ (ōš)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲱϣ (ōš)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲱϣ (ōš)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲱϣ (ōš)

(intransitive with n or r or transitive) to summon (someone), to call (someone) over

(intransitive, with n or r) to call out to (someone)

(intransitive, with n or r) to call on (a god) for aid, to invoke

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to specify, to provide (a name), to name names

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to read (something) aloud


ꜥš

a kind of coniferous tree whose wood and resin were used medicinally, traditionally rendered as ‘cedar’, likely the Cilician fir (Abies cilicica)


mḏꜣy

mḏꜣy (singular)
mḏꜣywj (dual)
mḏꜣyw (plural)

→ English: Medjay

one of the Medjay (initially a nomadic people from Nubia, later a sort of police force)


sbꜣqj

egy-verb

s-b-bA-A-q:H_SPACE-Aa40-Y1 caus. 4ae inf.

sbꜣq (infinitive)
sbꜣqw (infinitive negative)
sbꜣqyw (infinitive negative)
sbꜣq (infinitive negative)
sbꜣqt (infinitive)
sbꜣqwt (infinitive)
sbꜣqyt (infinitive)
sbꜣq (imperative infinitive singular)
sbꜣq (imperative infinitive plural)
sbꜣqy (imperative infinitive plural)
sbꜣq (stative)
ḥr sbꜣq (imperfective)
m sbꜣq (imperfective)
r sbꜣq (prospective)
sbꜣq.n (active perfect)
sbꜣqw (passive perfect)
sbꜣq (passive perfect)
sbꜣqy (passive perfect)
sbꜣq.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
sbꜣqt (terminative)
sbꜣq (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
sbꜣq.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
sbꜣq (active imperfective)
sbꜣqy (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
sbꜣqw (active prospective)
sbꜣq (active prospective)
sbꜣqy (active prospective)
sbꜣqw (passive prospective)
sbꜣq (passive prospective)
sbꜣqy (passive prospective)
sbꜣq.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
sbꜣq (active subjunctive)
sbꜣqy (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
sbꜣq.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
sbꜣqw (active participle perfective relative)
sbꜣqy (active participle perfective relative)
sbꜣq (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
sbꜣq (active participle perfective)
sbꜣqy (participle passive perfective)
sbꜣq (participle passive perfective)
sbꜣq (active imperfective participle relative)
sbꜣqy (active imperfective participle relative)
sbꜣqw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
sbꜣq (active imperfective participle)
sbꜣqj (active imperfective participle)
sbꜣqy (active imperfective participle)
sbꜣq (imperfective participle passive)
sbꜣqw (imperfective participle passive)
sbꜣqw (active participle prospective relative)
sbꜣqy (active participle prospective relative)
sbꜣq (active participle prospective relative)
sbꜣqtj (active participle prospective relative)
sbꜣqwtj (participle prospective)
sbꜣqtj (participle prospective)
sbꜣqt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

sbꜣqt

causative fourth weak / caus. 4ae inf. / caus. IV. inf.

sbꜣq.tj1, sbꜣqy.tj1, sbꜣq.tw2, sbꜣqy.tw2

sbꜣqw.tj1, sbꜣq.tj1, sbꜣqy.tj1, sbꜣqw.tw2, sbꜣq.tw2, sbꜣqy.tw2

s- (causative prefix) + bꜣqj (“to be bright”).


r mj

r (“concerning”) + mj (“what”).
Perhaps also compare Hebrew לָמָּה (lāmmā, “why”), Aramaic למא (“why”).


ꜥbꜣ

ꜥbꜣ (singular)
ꜥbꜣwj (dual)
ꜥbꜣw (plural)


ḥḏ tꜣ

ḥḏ (“be(come) white”) + tꜣ (“land”), literally ‘the land becomes white’, with ḥḏ as a non-attributive relative (nominal/emphatic) form, effectively making the clause adverbial in meaning.


sꜥnj

egy-verb

s-a:n-D5:Y1 caus. 3ae inf. or caus. 2-lit.

s-a:n-D5:Y1 caus. 3ae inf. (canonical)
caus. 2-lit. (canonical)
sꜥnt (infinitive)
sꜥnj (infinitive)
sꜥnw (infinitive negative)
sꜥn (infinitive negative)
sꜥnwt (infinitive)
sꜥnyt (infinitive)
sꜥn (imperative infinitive singular)
sꜥn (imperative infinitive plural)
sꜥny (imperative infinitive plural)
sꜥn (stative)
ḥr sꜥnt (imperfective)
ḥr sꜥnj (imperfective)
m sꜥnt (imperfective)
m sꜥnj (imperfective)
r sꜥnt (prospective)
r sꜥnj (prospective)
sꜥn.n (active perfect)
sꜥnw (passive perfect)
sꜥn (passive perfect)
sꜥny (passive perfect)
sꜥn.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
sꜥnt (terminative)
sꜥn (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
sꜥn.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
sꜥn (active imperfective)
sꜥny (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
sꜥnw (active prospective)
sꜥn (active prospective)
sꜥny (active prospective)
sꜥnw (passive prospective)
sꜥn (passive prospective)
sꜥny (passive prospective)
sꜥn.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
sꜥn (active subjunctive)
sꜥny (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
sꜥn.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
sꜥnw (active participle perfective relative)
sꜥny (active participle perfective relative)
sꜥn (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
sꜥn (active participle perfective)
sꜥny (participle passive perfective)
sꜥn (participle passive perfective)
sꜥnn (active imperfective participle relative)
sꜥnny (active imperfective participle relative)
sꜥnnw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
sꜥnn (active imperfective participle)
sꜥnnj (active imperfective participle)
sꜥnny (active imperfective participle)
sꜥnn (imperfective participle passive)
sꜥnnw (imperfective participle passive)
sꜥnw (active participle prospective relative)
sꜥny (active participle prospective relative)
sꜥn (active participle prospective relative)
sꜥntj (active participle prospective relative)
sꜥnwtj (participle prospective)
sꜥntj (participle prospective)
sꜥnt (participle prospective)
sꜥnt (infinitive)
sꜥn (infinitive)
sꜥnw (infinitive negative)
sꜥn (infinitive negative)
sꜥn (imperative infinitive singular)
sꜥn (imperative infinitive plural)
sꜥn (stative)
ḥr sꜥn (imperfective)
m sꜥn (imperfective)
r sꜥn (prospective)
sꜥn.n (active perfect)
sꜥnw (passive perfect)
sꜥn (passive perfect)
sꜥn.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
sꜥnt (terminative)
sꜥn (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
sꜥn.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
sꜥn (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
sꜥnw (active prospective)
sꜥn (active prospective)
sꜥny (active prospective)
sꜥnw (passive prospective)
sꜥn (passive prospective)
sꜥny (passive prospective)
sꜥn.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
sꜥn (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
sꜥn.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
sꜥn (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
sꜥn (active participle perfective)
sꜥn (participle passive perfective)
sꜥnw (participle passive perfective)
sꜥny (participle passive perfective)
sꜥn (active imperfective participle relative)
sꜥny (active imperfective participle relative)
sꜥnw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
sꜥn (active imperfective participle)
sꜥnj (active imperfective participle)
sꜥny (active imperfective participle)
sꜥn (imperfective participle passive)
sꜥnw (imperfective participle passive)
sꜥn (active participle prospective relative)
sꜥntj (active participle prospective relative)
sꜥnwtj (participle prospective)
sꜥntj (participle prospective)
sꜥnt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

sꜥnt

sꜥnw.tj1, sꜥn.tj1, sꜥny.tj1, sꜥnw.tw2, sꜥn.tw2, sꜥny.tw2

egy-conj-caus-x-lit

causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.

s- (causative prefix) + ꜥnj (“to be beautiful”).


mhj

m-D38:h-nDs 3ae inf. (canonical)
mht (infinitive)
mhj (infinitive)
mhw (infinitive negative)
mh (infinitive negative)
mhwt (infinitive)
mhyt (infinitive)
mh (imperative infinitive singular)
mh (imperative infinitive plural)
mhy (imperative infinitive plural)
mh (stative)
mhh (stative)
ḥr mht (imperfective)
ḥr mhj (imperfective)
m mht (imperfective)
m mhj (imperfective)
r mht (prospective)
r mhj (prospective)
mh.n (active perfect)
mh.jn (active consecutive contingent)
mht (active terminative)
mhyt (active terminative)
mh (active perfective)
mh.ḫr (active obligative)
mh (active imperfective)
mhy (active imperfective)
mhw (active prospective)
mh (active prospective)
mhy (active prospective)
mh.kꜣ (active potential)
mh (active subjunctive)
mhy (active subjunctive)
mh.n (active participle perfect)
mhw (active participle perfective)
mhy (active participle perfective)
mh (active participle perfective)
mhy (participle passive perfective)
mh (participle passive perfective)
mhh (active imperfective participle)
mhhy (active imperfective participle)
mhhw (active imperfective participle)
mhhj (active imperfective participle)
mhh (imperfective participle passive)
mhhw (imperfective participle passive)
mhw (active participle prospective)
mhy (active participle prospective)
mh (active participle prospective)
mhtj (active participle prospective)
mhwtj (participle prospective)
mhtj (participle prospective)
mht (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

mht, mhyt

mhw.tj1, mh.tj1, mhy.tj1, mhw.tw2, mh.tw2, mhy.tw2

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.
# Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">-y</i> instead of the expected stative ending.

(intransitive, of the heart/mind) to be(come) forgetful

(intransitive, with ḥr) to forget, to no longer know (something)

(intransitive, with ḥr) to forget, to no longer recognize (someone)


prt-spdt

prt (“emergence”) + spdt (“Sirius”) in a direct genitive construction, thus ‘emergence of Sirius’.


mtrt

mt:t-r:*t-hrw (canonical feminine)
mtrt (singular)
mtrtj (dual)
mtrwt (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲉⲣⲓ (meri)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲉⲉⲣⲉ (meere)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲙⲏⲏⲣⲉ (mēēre)


nrt

nrt (singular)
nrtj (dual)
nrwt (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲓ (nouri)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩⲣⲉ (noure)


gbtjw

V33-b-tyw-niwt m. (canonical toponymic)
f. (canonical toponymic)

→ Ancient Greek: Κοπτός (Koptós)

→ Latin: Coptos

→ English: Coptos

Coptos, a city in Upper Egypt at the site of modern Qift


zšj

z:S-y- (canonical masculine)
zšj (singular)
zšjwj (dual)
zšjw (plural)

nestling (small bird confined to the nest)


ḏnḥ

ḏnḥ (singular)
ḏnḥwj (dual)
ḏnḥw (plural)

Demotic: tnḥ

Bohairic Coptic: ⲧⲉⲛϩ (tenh)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲧⲏⲛϩ (tēnh)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲛϩ (tnh)

Likely related to Arabic جَنَاح (janāḥ), either through inheritance or through borrowing; see there for more.

st-t:H8-x-Ax-t:H_SPACE--…--ir:t-Sw-w&t-ra:Z2ss-m-Sw-w-t:H5:Z2:z-s-xpr:t-TAw-m-H5:H5:z
ꜣst ꜣḫt […] jrt šwt m šwwt.s sḫprt ṯꜣw m ḏnḥwj.s

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 14–15

capable Isis […] who made shade with her feathers, who brought about breath with her wings


msw-nswt

From msw (“children”) + nswt (“king”) in a direct genitive construction. The written form demonstrates honorific transposition.

egy-ht

(plural only) the royal children collectively; princes and princesses


zꜣ-tꜣ

zꜣ (“protection”) + tꜣ (“earth”) in a direct genitive construction, thus literally ‘protection of the earth’, referring to prostration on the ground.


zꜣ-tꜣ

Demotic: syṱ

Coptic: ⲥⲓⲧ (sit)

zꜣ (“son”) + tꜣ (“earth”) in a direct genitive construction, thus literally ‘son of the earth’.


kmyt

a compendium of Middle Kingdom letters and correspondence, later used as a model from which to train scribes


jmn-m-ḥꜣt

/ʔaˌmaːnə məˈħuːʔə/

/ʔaˌmoːn əmˈħeːʔ/

/ʔaˌmaːnə məˈħuːʔə/

/ʔaˌmoːn əmˈħeːʔ/

jmn (“Amun”) + m (“in”) + ḥꜣt (“forepart, front”), thus ‘Amun is at the fore’.

af

A given name of historical usage, notably borne by a number of pharaohs named Amenemhat in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Dynasties


sjhm

s-i-h-m-D54 caus. 3-lit. (canonical)
sjhm (infinitive)
sjhmw (infinitive negative)
sjhm (infinitive negative)
sjhmt (infinitive)
sjhm (imperative infinitive singular)
sjhm (imperative infinitive plural)
sjhm (stative)
ḥr sjhm (imperfective)
m sjhm (imperfective)
r sjhm (prospective)
sjhm.n (active perfect)
sjhmw (passive perfect)
sjhm (passive perfect)
sjhm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
sjhmt (terminative)
sjhm (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
sjhm.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
sjhm (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
sjhmw (active prospective)
sjhm (active prospective)
sjhmy (active prospective)
sjhmw (passive prospective)
sjhm (passive prospective)
sjhmy (passive prospective)
sjhm.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
sjhm (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
sjhm.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
sjhm (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
sjhm (active participle perfective)
sjhm (participle passive perfective)
sjhmw (participle passive perfective)
sjhmy (participle passive perfective)
sjhm (active imperfective participle relative)
sjhmy (active imperfective participle relative)
sjhmw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
sjhm (active imperfective participle)
sjhmj (active imperfective participle)
sjhmy (active imperfective participle)
sjhm (imperfective participle passive)
sjhmw (imperfective participle passive)
sjhm (active participle prospective relative)
sjhmtj (active participle prospective relative)
sjhmwtj (participle prospective)
sjhmtj (participle prospective)
sjhmt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

sjhmt

sjhmw.tj1, sjhm.tj1, sjhmy.tj1, sjhmw.tw2, sjhm.tw2, sjhmy.tw2

s- (causative prefix) + jhm (“to move slowly, to keep back”).

af

(transitive, hapax) to keep back, to detain


sḫm

s-sxm-x-m 3-lit. (canonical)
sḫm (infinitive)
sḫmw (infinitive negative)
sḫm (infinitive negative)
sḫmt (infinitive)
sḫm (imperative infinitive singular)
sḫm (imperative infinitive plural)
sḫm (stative)
ḥr sḫm (imperfective)
m sḫm (imperfective)
r sḫm (prospective)
sḫm.n (active perfect)
sḫm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
sḫmt (active terminative)
sḫm (active perfective)
sḫm.ḫr (active obligative)
sḫm (active imperfective)
sḫm (active prospective)
sḫm.kꜣ (active potential)
sḫm (active subjunctive)
sḫm.n (active participle perfect)
sḫm (active participle perfective)
sḫm (participle passive perfective)
sḫmw (participle passive perfective)
sḫmy (participle passive perfective)
sḫm (active imperfective participle)
sḫmy (active imperfective participle)
sḫmw (active imperfective participle)
sḫmj (active imperfective participle)
sḫm (imperfective participle passive)
sḫmw (imperfective participle passive)
sḫm (active participle prospective)
sḫmtj (active participle prospective)
sḫmtj (participle prospective)
sḫmt (participle prospective)

[chiefly Pyramid Texts to Middle Kingdom]

(intransitive) to be(come) physically powerful or vigorous

(intransitive) to be(come) powerful, capable (+ m: through the power of (magic, the Eye of Horus, food, etc.); + mm: among (the gods); + ḫr: before (a god); + ḫnt: at the head of (people); + m ḫt or m sꜣ: in pursuit of (enemies))

(intransitive, of poison, magic, names, etc.) to be(come) potent, effective

(intransitive, of a quality such as might) to be(come) strong, intense, great

i-r-H6A-w-w-nDs-m-s-r:x-A2-n:t*X4:X2*Z2-D35-sxm-m-A24-n-md-d:t-A2-nb:t-i-m-f

c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.10–1.11

As for one who is free of notoriety regarding bread, no word can take control of him.

(intransitive, with m or (since the 18th Dynasty) r or (rarely) transitive) to have or take control of, to have power over (enemies, people, gods, places, oneself, etc.)

(intransitive, with m or (rarely) transitive) to have the use of, to be able to make use of (one’s limbs)

(intransitive, with m) to take possession of (a thing)

(intransitive, with m, of knives, lions, snakes, poison, magic, etc.) to have power to freely harm (someone), to have injurious power over

lions; poison; magic; lions; poison; magic

(intransitive, with m or r, of fire) to burn, to consume (someone)

(intransitive, with m, Late Egyptian, of sleep) to overpower, to overtake (the body)

(intransitive, with m and infinitive) to be(come) capable (of doing something), empowered or entitled (to do something)

(intransitive, of the heart/mind) to be(come) bold, daring, courageous, spirited

(intransitive, of the heart/mind) to be(come) overbold, impudent, audacious

(intransitive, of the face) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:


sḫm

sḫm (singular)
sḫmwj (dual)
sḫmw (plural)

power, capability, especially capability to overpower


sḫm

sxm (canonical masculine)
sḫm (singular)
sḫmwj (dual)
sḫmw (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲓϣⲉⲙ (šišem)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϣⲓⲥⲙⲉ (šisme)

E31-Ax-x:H_SPACE-xnt-E31:Z2-wAH-O44-t:Z1-z:mn:n-HqA-t:Z1-sxm-H_SPACE:Z1-nfr-n:N9:t-H_SPACE:Z2ss-nTr-
-M1-Y1:Hr*Z1-U7:r:r-U3:n:f-r:a:snD-f:m-tA:tA:tA:nb-n:U7:r:*t-d:m-T30:A2-z:n:r:n:f-r:HAt:t*Z1
sꜥḥ ꜣḫ ḫnt sꜥḥw wꜣḥ jꜣwt smn ḥqꜣt sḫm nfr n(j) psḏt jmꜣ ḥr mrr mꜣ n.f rdj snḏ.f m tꜣw nb(w) n mr(w)t dm.sn rn.f r ḥꜣt […]

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 7–8

Effective dignitary, foremost of dignitaries, enduring of office, established of reign, the fair power of the Ennead, gracious of face, the sight of whom is beloved, the awe of whom is set in all lands in order that they pronounce his name first, […]

being of divine power, Power; chiefly used as an epithet for various gods, exceptionally also for kings

(with following genitive, or else plural) earthly image or incarnation (of a god), cult image, including statues, paintings, standards, people, etc.


sḫm

s-x-m-sxm (canonical masculine)
sḫm (singular)
sḫmwj (dual)
sḫmw (plural)


sḫm

to play the sistrum (+ n: for (someone))


ẖnmt

ẖnmt (singular)
ẖnmtj (dual)
ẖnmwt (plural)

Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲟⲛⲃⲉ (honbe)

ir:t-Xnm-m-t

w-wbA-bA-Xnm-m-t


ḥwn

H-M42:n-Xrd 3-lit. (canonical)
ḥwn (infinitive)
ḥwnw (infinitive negative)
ḥwn (infinitive negative)
ḥwnt (infinitive)
ḥwn (imperative infinitive singular)
ḥwn (imperative infinitive plural)
ḥwn (stative)
ḥr ḥwn (imperfective)
m ḥwn (imperfective)
r ḥwn (prospective)
ḥwn.n (active perfect)
ḥwn.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ḥwnt (active terminative)
ḥwn (active perfective)
ḥwn.ḫr (active obligative)
ḥwn (active imperfective)
ḥwn (active prospective)
ḥwn.kꜣ (active potential)
ḥwn (active subjunctive)
ḥwn.n (active participle perfect)
ḥwn (active participle perfective)
ḥwn (participle passive perfective)
ḥwnw (participle passive perfective)
ḥwny (participle passive perfective)
ḥwn (active imperfective participle)
ḥwny (active imperfective participle)
ḥwnw (active imperfective participle)
ḥwnj (active imperfective participle)
ḥwn (imperfective participle passive)
ḥwnw (imperfective participle passive)
ḥwn (active participle prospective)
ḥwntj (active participle prospective)
ḥwntj (participle prospective)
ḥwnt (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to be(come) young (literally, in body or in akh)

(intransitive) to (re)gain the strength or vigor of youth, to be rejuvenated

(transitive) to make young, to rejuvenate


ḥwn

ḥwn (singular)
ḥwnwj (dual)
ḥwnw (plural)

son, child (of someone, typically a god)


sꜣꜣ

s-sA-A-A-A2 2ae gem. (canonical)
sꜣꜣ (infinitive)
sꜣꜣ (infinitive negative)
sꜣꜣt (infinitive)
sꜣꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
sꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
sꜣꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
sꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
sꜣꜣ (stative)
sꜣ (stative)
ḥr sꜣꜣ (imperfective)
m sꜣꜣ (imperfective)
r sꜣꜣ (prospective)
sꜣꜣ.n (active perfect)
sꜣ.n (active perfect)
sꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
sꜣꜣt (active terminative)
sꜣ (active perfective)
sꜣꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
sꜣꜣ (active imperfective)
sꜣꜣ (active prospective)
sꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
sꜣ (active subjunctive)
sꜣ.n (active participle perfect)
sꜣ (active participle perfective)
sꜣ (participle passive perfective)
sꜣw (participle passive perfective)
sꜣy (participle passive perfective)
sꜣꜣ (active imperfective participle)
sꜣꜣy (active imperfective participle)
sꜣꜣw (active imperfective participle)
sꜣꜣj (active imperfective participle)
sꜣꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
sꜣꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
sꜣ (active participle prospective)
sꜣtj (active participle prospective)
sꜣꜣtj (participle prospective)
sꜣꜣt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

sꜣꜣt

sꜣꜣ.n.tj1, sꜣ.n.tj1, sꜣꜣ.n.tw2, sꜣ.n.tw2

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.
# <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">sꜣ</i> before suffix pronouns.


sꜣꜣ

sꜣꜣ (singular)
sꜣꜣwj (dual)
sꜣꜣw (plural)


zpj

z:p*zp 3ae inf. (canonical)
zpt (infinitive)
zpj (infinitive)
zpw (infinitive negative)
zp (infinitive negative)
zpwt (infinitive)
zpyt (infinitive)
zp (imperative infinitive singular)
zp (imperative infinitive plural)
zpy (imperative infinitive plural)
zp (stative)
zpp (stative)
ḥr zpt (imperfective)
ḥr zpj (imperfective)
m zpt (imperfective)
m zpj (imperfective)
r zpt (prospective)
r zpj (prospective)
zp.n (active perfect)
zp.jn (active consecutive contingent)
zpt (active terminative)
zpyt (active terminative)
zp (active perfective)
zp.ḫr (active obligative)
zp (active imperfective)
zpy (active imperfective)
zpw (active prospective)
zp (active prospective)
zpy (active prospective)
zp.kꜣ (active potential)
zp (active subjunctive)
zpy (active subjunctive)
zp.n (active participle perfect)
zpw (active participle perfective)
zpy (active participle perfective)
zp (active participle perfective)
zpy (participle passive perfective)
zp (participle passive perfective)
zpp (active imperfective participle)
zppy (active imperfective participle)
zppw (active imperfective participle)
zppj (active imperfective participle)
zpp (imperfective participle passive)
zppw (imperfective participle passive)
zpw (active participle prospective)
zpy (active participle prospective)
zp (active participle prospective)
zptj (active participle prospective)
zpwtj (participle prospective)
zptj (participle prospective)
zpt (participle prospective)

zpt, zpyt

zpw.tj1, zp.tj1, zpy.tj1, zpw.tw2, zp.tw2, zpy.tw2

Demotic: sp

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲥⲉⲡⲉ (sepe)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲥⲉⲡⲓ (sepi)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲥⲏⲏⲡⲓ (sēēpi)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲉⲉⲡⲉ (seepe)

(intransitive) to remain, to be(come) left over, abandoned

aHa-a:n-d:p-t:P1-m-t:Z6-n:t-tyw:Z2-i-m-s-D35:z-p:zp-wa:a-A1-Z1-i-m
ꜥḥꜥ.n dpt m(w)t(.tj) ntjw jm.s nj zp wꜥ jm

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 37–39

Then the boat died (sank), and of those in it, not one of them survived.

(intransitive) to remain, to survive, to be left

(intransitive) to be(come) left out, excluded

(intransitive, negated as part of the constructions nj zp or nn zp) to happen


nwj

n:U19-nw*W:Y1-A24 3ae inf. (canonical)
nwt (infinitive)
nwj (infinitive)
nww (infinitive negative)
nw (infinitive negative)
nwwt (infinitive)
nwyt (infinitive)
nw (imperative infinitive singular)
nw (imperative infinitive plural)
nwy (imperative infinitive plural)
nw (stative)
ḥr nwt (imperfective)
ḥr nwj (imperfective)
m nwt (imperfective)
m nwj (imperfective)
r nwt (prospective)
r nwj (prospective)
nw.n (active perfect)
nww (passive perfect)
nw (passive perfect)
nwy (passive perfect)
nw.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
nwt (terminative)
nwyt (terminative)
nw (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
nw.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
nw (active imperfective)
nwy (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
nww (active prospective)
nw (active prospective)
nwy (active prospective)
nww (passive prospective)
nw (passive prospective)
nwy (passive prospective)
nw.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
nw (active subjunctive)
nwy (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
nw.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
nww (active participle perfective relative)
nwy (active participle perfective relative)
nw (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
nw (active participle perfective)
nwy (participle passive perfective)
nw (participle passive perfective)
nw (active imperfective participle relative)
nwy (active imperfective participle relative)
nww (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
nw (active imperfective participle)
nwj (active imperfective participle)
nwy (active imperfective participle)
nw (imperfective participle passive)
nww (imperfective participle passive)
nww (active participle prospective relative)
nwy (active participle prospective relative)
nw (active participle prospective relative)
nwtj (active participle prospective relative)
nwwtj (participle prospective)
nwtj (participle prospective)
nwt (participle prospective)

nwt, nwyt

nww.tj1, nw.tj1, nwy.tj1, nww.tw2, nw.tw2, nwy.tw2


ꜥnḏ

a:n-D:nDs 3-lit. (canonical)
ꜥnḏ (infinitive)
ꜥnḏw (infinitive negative)
ꜥnḏ (infinitive negative)
ꜥnḏt (infinitive)
ꜥnḏ (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜥnḏ (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜥnḏ (stative)
ḥr ꜥnḏ (imperfective)
m ꜥnḏ (imperfective)
r ꜥnḏ (prospective)
ꜥnḏ.n (active perfect)
ꜥnḏ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ꜥnḏt (active terminative)
ꜥnḏ (active perfective)
ꜥnḏ.ḫr (active obligative)
ꜥnḏ (active imperfective)
ꜥnḏ (active prospective)
ꜥnḏ.kꜣ (active potential)
ꜥnḏ (active subjunctive)
ꜥnḏ.n (active participle perfect)
ꜥnḏ (active participle perfective)
ꜥnḏ (participle passive perfective)
ꜥnḏw (participle passive perfective)
ꜥnḏy (participle passive perfective)
ꜥnḏ (active imperfective participle)
ꜥnḏy (active imperfective participle)
ꜥnḏw (active imperfective participle)
ꜥnḏj (active imperfective participle)
ꜥnḏ (imperfective participle passive)
ꜥnḏw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜥnḏ (active participle prospective)
ꜥnḏtj (active participle prospective)
ꜥnḏtj (participle prospective)
ꜥnḏt (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to be(come) few, to be(come) small in number


nfr ꜣ

nfr (“not even”) + ꜣ (intensifying particle).

af

(with following imperfective emphatic form) forms a negative counterpart of the subjunctive in main or dependent clauses


rḏw

rḏw (singular)
rḏwwj (dual)
rḏww (plural)


tjsw

ti-sw-w-xt (canonical masculine)
tjsw (singular)
tjswwj (dual)
tjsww (plural)


ḥsb

H-s-b-Z9 3-lit. (canonical)
ḥsb (infinitive)
ḥsbw (infinitive negative)
ḥsb (infinitive negative)
ḥsbt (infinitive)
ḥsb (imperative infinitive singular)
ḥsb (imperative infinitive plural)
ḥsb (stative)
ḥr ḥsb (imperfective)
m ḥsb (imperfective)
r ḥsb (prospective)
ḥsb.n (active perfect)
ḥsbw (passive perfect)
ḥsb (passive perfect)
ḥsb.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ḥsbt (terminative)
ḥsb (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ḥsb.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ḥsb (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ḥsb (active prospective)
ḥsbb (passive prospective)
ḥsb.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ḥsb (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ḥsb.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ḥsb (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ḥsb (active participle perfective)
ḥsb (participle passive perfective)
ḥsbw (participle passive perfective)
ḥsby (participle passive perfective)
ḥsb (active imperfective participle relative)
ḥsby (active imperfective participle relative)
ḥsbw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ḥsb (active imperfective participle)
ḥsbj (active imperfective participle)
ḥsby (active imperfective participle)
ḥsb (imperfective participle passive)
ḥsbw (imperfective participle passive)
ḥsb (active participle prospective relative)
ḥsbtj (active participle prospective relative)
ḥsbtj (participle prospective)
ḥsbt (participle prospective)


ḥsb

ḥsb (singular)
ḥsbwj (dual)
ḥsbw (plural)


ḥsb

one quarter of a sṯꜣt (“aroura”) (equivalent to about 0.07 hectares)


ḥsb

H-s-b-Z9:Y1 3-lit. (canonical)
ḥsb (infinitive)
ḥsbw (infinitive negative)
ḥsb (infinitive negative)
ḥsbt (infinitive)
ḥsb (imperative infinitive singular)
ḥsb (imperative infinitive plural)
ḥsb (stative)
ḥr ḥsb (imperfective)
m ḥsb (imperfective)
r ḥsb (prospective)
ḥsb.n (active perfect)
ḥsbw (passive perfect)
ḥsb (passive perfect)
ḥsb.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ḥsbt (terminative)
ḥsb (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ḥsb.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ḥsb (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ḥsb (active prospective)
ḥsbb (passive prospective)
ḥsb.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ḥsb (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ḥsb.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ḥsb (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ḥsb (active participle perfective)
ḥsb (participle passive perfective)
ḥsbw (participle passive perfective)
ḥsby (participle passive perfective)
ḥsb (active imperfective participle relative)
ḥsby (active imperfective participle relative)
ḥsbw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ḥsb (active imperfective participle)
ḥsbj (active imperfective participle)
ḥsby (active imperfective participle)
ḥsb (imperfective participle passive)
ḥsbw (imperfective participle passive)
ḥsb (active participle prospective relative)
ḥsbtj (active participle prospective relative)
ḥsbtj (participle prospective)
ḥsbt (participle prospective)

Compare Arabic حَسَبَ (ḥasaba, “to calculate, to count”), Hebrew חָשַׁב (ḥāšaḇ, “to think”), and Classical Syriac ܚܫܒ (“to think, to count, to calculate”). Alternatively identical in origin to the above word (‘to break apart’, etc.) by metaphorical extension; see the usage note below.

cog

(transitive or rarely intransitive) to determine the number of (something); to count or calculate, to reckon

(transitive) to enumerate, to count out in series

(transitive) to reckon with or settle up with (an offender) by inflicting punishment; to get even with, to exact merited retribution on

(transitive) to pay back or punish (an evil deed)

(transitive, usually negated) to value, to care something for, to esteem (something)


ḏꜣt

ḏꜣt (singular)
ḏꜣtj (dual)
ḏꜣwt (plural)


ḥzt

ḥzt (singular)
ḥztj (dual)
ḥzwt (plural)


ḥzt

tall ewer or jar for water with a recurved body, a narrow neck, and a wide mouth, typically made of metal; hes-vase


jꜥrt

jꜥrt (singular)
jꜥrtj (dual)
jꜥrwt (plural)

→? Ancient Greek: οὐραῖος (ouraîos)

→ Latin: uraeus

→ English: uraeus

Demotic: ꜥret


jꜥrt

Alternative form of jꜥryt (“dwelling-place of a god”)


sprw

sprw (singular)
sprwwj (dual)
sprww (plural)


qnyt

qnj (“to be brave”) + -y + -t, thus ‘the Braves’.

(collective) an elite unit of soldiers or bodyguards


pꜣḏ

pꜣḏ (singular)
pꜣḏwj (dual)
pꜣḏw (plural)

From Proto-Afroasiatic. Cognate with Central Atlas Tamazight ⴰⴼⵓⴷ (afud).


pꜣḏ

p-A-D (canonical masculine)
pꜣḏ (singular)
pꜣḏwj (dual)
pꜣḏw (plural)

Demotic: pt

ⲫⲁⲧ (phat) (Bohairic)

ⲡⲁⲧ (pat) (Sahidic)

ⲡⲉⲧ (pet) (Akhmimic, Lycopolitan, Fayyumic)


sḫt-ḥmꜣt

sḫt (“field”) + ḥmꜣt (“salt”) in a direct genitive construction, thus ‘Field of Salt’.


ḥmꜣt

Akhmimic Coptic: ϩⲙⲟⲩ (hmou)

Bohairic Coptic: ϩⲙⲟⲩ (hmou)

Fayyumic Coptic: ϩⲉⲙⲟⲩ (hemou)

Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲙⲟⲩ (hmou)


jꜣwt

gm:M-n:t*w-G5-xrw-f:mAa:a-w-r:a-w-n:f-t-O44-Z1-n:t:t:f
gm.n.tw ḥr ḫrw.f mꜣꜥ.w rdjw n.f jꜣwt nt (j)t.f

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 18

Horus was found justified; the office of his father was given to him.

(in the plural, by metonymy) officials, officeholders


jꜣwt

i-A-w-t (canonical feminine)
jꜣwt (singular)
jꜣwtj (dual)
jꜣwwt (plural)


jꜣwt

(Late Egyptian) Alternative form of ꜥwt (“four-legged animals, herds”)


qnbt

qnbt (singular)
qnbtj (dual)
qnbwt (plural)

nTr-dwA-A-A30-t-w-n:k\-m-niwt:t*Z1-x*t:f-Hr-Z1-q:n-b-t-O38-A1:Z2ss-tA:N23*Z1-r-Dr:r-f

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 143–144

They will thank the god for you in the city in front of the council and the entire land.

dwꜣ.tw-nṯr n.k m nwt ḫft ḥr qnbt tꜣ r ḏr.f


jrw

jrw (singular)
jrwwj (dual)
jrww (plural)

i-nD-D:Hr:k-Q2:ir-nb:H*ra*H-sw-t:Z2ss-nTr-I1S:Z2-r:n:nw*Z2ss-Dsr:r-xpr-Z3-S:t*U30-i-ir:w-m-r:Z1-pr:Z1*Z2ss
j.nḏ ḥr.k wsjr nb nḥḥ nswt nṯr(w) ꜥšꜣ rnw ḏsr ḫprw štꜣ jrw m rw-prw

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 1

Hail to you, Osiris, lord of eternity, king of gods, numerous of names, sacred of developments, secret of rites in temples!


jrw

ir-w (canonical masculine)
jrw (singular)
jrwwj (dual)
jrww (plural)

jrj (“to do, to make”) + -w (agentive suffix).


ḥzꜣ

H-z:zA 3-lit. (canonical)
ḥzꜣ (infinitive)
ḥzꜣw (infinitive negative)
ḥzꜣ (infinitive negative)
ḥzꜣt (infinitive)
ḥzꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
ḥzꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
ḥzꜣ (stative)
ḥr ḥzꜣ (imperfective)
m ḥzꜣ (imperfective)
r ḥzꜣ (prospective)
ḥzꜣ.n (active perfect)
ḥzꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ḥzꜣt (active terminative)
ḥzꜣ (active perfective)
ḥzꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
ḥzꜣ (active imperfective)
ḥzꜣ (active prospective)
ḥzꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
ḥzꜣ (active subjunctive)
ḥzꜣ.n (active participle perfect)
ḥzꜣ (active participle perfective)
ḥzꜣ (participle passive perfective)
ḥzꜣw (participle passive perfective)
ḥzꜣy (participle passive perfective)
ḥzꜣ (active imperfective participle)
ḥzꜣy (active imperfective participle)
ḥzꜣw (active imperfective participle)
ḥzꜣj (active imperfective participle)
ḥzꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
ḥzꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
ḥzꜣ (active participle prospective)
ḥzꜣtj (active participle prospective)
ḥzꜣtj (participle prospective)
ḥzꜣt (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to be(come) wild or fierce


ḥrw

Alternative transliteration of ḥr (“Horus”).


jsjr

Alternative transliteration of wsjr (“Osiris”).


ḥns

H-Hn:n-s-nDs 3-lit. (canonical)
ḥns (infinitive)
ḥnsw (infinitive negative)
ḥns (infinitive negative)
ḥnst (infinitive)
ḥns (imperative infinitive singular)
ḥns (imperative infinitive plural)
ḥns (stative)
ḥr ḥns (imperfective)
m ḥns (imperfective)
r ḥns (prospective)
ḥns.n (active perfect)
ḥns.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ḥnst (active terminative)
ḥns (active perfective)
ḥns.ḫr (active obligative)
ḥns (active imperfective)
ḥns (active prospective)
ḥns.kꜣ (active potential)
ḥns (active subjunctive)
ḥns.n (active participle perfect)
ḥns (active participle perfective)
ḥns (participle passive perfective)
ḥnsw (participle passive perfective)
ḥnsy (participle passive perfective)
ḥns (active imperfective participle)
ḥnsy (active imperfective participle)
ḥnsw (active imperfective participle)
ḥnsj (active imperfective participle)
ḥns (imperfective participle passive)
ḥnsw (imperfective participle passive)
ḥns (active participle prospective)
ḥnstj (active participle prospective)
ḥnstj (participle prospective)
ḥnst (participle prospective)


zbṯ

z-b-T:D19 3-lit. (canonical)
zbṯ (infinitive)
zbṯw (infinitive negative)
zbṯ (infinitive negative)
zbṯt (infinitive)
zbṯ (imperative infinitive singular)
zbṯ (imperative infinitive plural)
zbṯ (stative)
ḥr zbṯ (imperfective)
m zbṯ (imperfective)
r zbṯ (prospective)
zbṯ.n (active perfect)
zbṯ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
zbṯt (active terminative)
zbṯ (active perfective)
zbṯ.ḫr (active obligative)
zbṯ (active imperfective)
zbṯ (active prospective)
zbṯ.kꜣ (active potential)
zbṯ (active subjunctive)
zbṯ.n (active participle perfect)
zbṯ (active participle perfective)
zbṯ (participle passive perfective)
zbṯw (participle passive perfective)
zbṯy (participle passive perfective)
zbṯ (active imperfective participle)
zbṯy (active imperfective participle)
zbṯw (active imperfective participle)
zbṯj (active imperfective participle)
zbṯ (imperfective participle passive)
zbṯw (imperfective participle passive)
zbṯ (active participle prospective)
zbṯtj (active participle prospective)
zbṯtj (participle prospective)
zbṯt (participle prospective)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲥⲱⲃⲓ (sōbi)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲱⲃⲉ (sōbe)

aHa-a:n-s-b-t:bH-A2-n:f-i-m-A1-m-M22-M22-D:d-n:A1-m-n:f-nDs-m-ib-Z1-f-!-D:d-f:n-A1-D35-wr-r-n:k\-a:n-tyw-W23:Z2ss-xpr-r:*t-nb-nTr-sn-n:t-r-tr-N33C:Z2ss
ꜥḥꜥ.n sbt.n.f jm.j m nn ḏd.n.j m nf m jb.f ḏd.f n.j (j)n wr n.k ꜥntjw ḫpr.t(j) ⟨m⟩ nb sntr
Then he laughed at me – and at this that I’d said – as being wrong to his mind, saying to me: Are you abundant in myrrh, turned into a lord of incense?

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 149–150


mꜣwj

mA-A-w-Y1 4ae inf. (canonical)
mꜣwt (infinitive)
mꜣwj (infinitive)
mꜣww (infinitive negative)
mꜣwyw (infinitive negative)
mꜣw (infinitive negative)
mꜣwwt (infinitive)
mꜣwyt (infinitive)
mꜣw (imperative infinitive singular)
mꜣw (imperative infinitive plural)
mꜣwy (imperative infinitive plural)
mꜣw (stative)
ḥr mꜣwt (imperfective)
ḥr mꜣwj (imperfective)
m mꜣwt (imperfective)
r mꜣwt (prospective)
ḥr mꜣwj (prospective)
mꜣw.n (active perfect)
mꜣw.jn (active consecutive contingent)
mꜣwt (active terminative)
mꜣw (active perfective)
mꜣw.ḫr (active obligative)
mꜣw (active imperfective)
mꜣwy (active imperfective)
mꜣww (active prospective)
mꜣw (active prospective)
mꜣwy (active prospective)
mꜣw.kꜣ (active potential)
mꜣw (active subjunctive)
mꜣwy (active subjunctive)
mꜣw.n (active participle perfect)
mꜣww (active participle perfective)
mꜣwy (active participle perfective)
mꜣw (active participle perfective)
mꜣwy (participle passive perfective)
mꜣw (participle passive perfective)
mꜣw (active imperfective participle)
mꜣwy (active imperfective participle)
mꜣww (active imperfective participle)
mꜣwj (active imperfective participle)
mꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
mꜣww (imperfective participle passive)
mꜣww (active participle prospective)
mꜣwy (active participle prospective)
mꜣw (active participle prospective)
mꜣwtj (active participle prospective)
mꜣwwtj (participle prospective)
mꜣwtj (participle prospective)
mꜣwt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

mꜣwt

mꜣww.tj1, mꜣw.tj1, mꜣwy.tj1, mꜣww.tw2, mꜣw.tw2, mꜣwy.tw2

# Only in the masculine singular
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.
# Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">-y</i> instead of the expected stative ending.


mtr

mt:t:r-Dba-Dba-A2 3-lit. (canonical)
mtr (infinitive)
mtrw (infinitive negative)
mtr (infinitive negative)
mtrt (infinitive)
mtr (imperative infinitive singular)
mtr (imperative infinitive plural)
mtr (stative)
ḥr mtr (imperfective)
m mtr (imperfective)
r mtr (prospective)
mtr.n (active perfect)
mtrw (passive perfect)
mtr (passive perfect)
mtr.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
mtrt (terminative)
mtr (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
mtr.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
mtr (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
mtr (active prospective)
mtrr (passive prospective)
mtr.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
mtr (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
mtr.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
mtr (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
mtr (active participle perfective)
mtr (participle passive perfective)
mtrw (participle passive perfective)
mtry (participle passive perfective)
mtr (active imperfective participle relative)
mtry (active imperfective participle relative)
mtrw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
mtr (active imperfective participle)
mtrj (active imperfective participle)
mtry (active imperfective participle)
mtr (imperfective participle passive)
mtrw (imperfective participle passive)
mtr (active participle prospective relative)
mtrtj (active participle prospective relative)
mtrtj (participle prospective)
mtrt (participle prospective)


mnjw

mnjw (singular)
mnjwwj (dual)
mnjww (plural)


ḫbzwt

ḫbzwt (singular)
ḫbzwtj (dual)
ḫbzwwt (plural)


šmꜥyt

šmꜥyt (singular)
šmꜥytj (dual)
šmꜥywt (plural)


ḏꜣr

ḏꜣr (singular)
ḏꜣrwj (dual)
ḏꜣrw (plural)


nḫ

nḫ (masculine singular)
nḫt (feminine singular)
nḫwj (dual masculine)
nḫtj (dual feminine)
nḫw (masculine plural)
nḫwt (feminine plural)
nḫt (feminine plural)

perfective active participle of nḫj: lamentable, pitiful


mjwt

mjwt (singular)
mjwtj (dual)
mjwwt (plural)

Demotic: mj, jmj

Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲙⲟⲩ (emou)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲉⲙⲟⲩ (emou)

desc

Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲙⲟⲩ (emou), ⲁⲙⲟⲩ (amou)


mjwt

Alternative transliteration of mwt (“mother”).


pḥtj

Old Coptic: ⲡⲁϩⲧⲉ (pahte)


ḫbꜣ

x-b-bA-A-U7:D40 3-lit. (canonical)
ḫbꜣ (infinitive)
ḫbꜣw (infinitive negative)
ḫbꜣ (infinitive negative)
ḫbꜣt (infinitive)
ḫbꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
ḫbꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
ḫbꜣ (stative)
ḥr ḫbꜣ (imperfective)
m ḫbꜣ (imperfective)
r ḫbꜣ (prospective)
ḫbꜣ.n (active perfect)
ḫbꜣw (passive perfect)
ḫbꜣ (passive perfect)
ḫbꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ḫbꜣt (terminative)
ḫbꜣ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ḫbꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ḫbꜣ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ḫbꜣ (active prospective)
ḫbꜣꜣ (passive prospective)
ḫbꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ḫbꜣ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ḫbꜣ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ḫbꜣ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ḫbꜣ (active participle perfective)
ḫbꜣ (participle passive perfective)
ḫbꜣw (participle passive perfective)
ḫbꜣy (participle passive perfective)
ḫbꜣ (active imperfective participle relative)
ḫbꜣy (active imperfective participle relative)
ḫbꜣw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ḫbꜣ (active imperfective participle)
ḫbꜣj (active imperfective participle)
ḫbꜣy (active imperfective participle)
ḫbꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
ḫbꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
ḫbꜣ (active participle prospective relative)
ḫbꜣtj (active participle prospective relative)
ḫbꜣtj (participle prospective)
ḫbꜣt (participle prospective)

Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲱⲡ (šōp), ϭⲱⲡ (cōp), ϣⲟⲡ (šop), ϭⲟⲡ (cop)

Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲱⲃ (šōb), ϣⲱϥ (šōf)


ꜣbḫ

Ab-b-x:Z9 3-lit. (canonical)
ꜣbḫ (infinitive)
ꜣbḫw (infinitive negative)
ꜣbḫ (infinitive negative)
ꜣbḫt (infinitive)
ꜣbḫ (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜣbḫ (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜣbḫ (stative)
ḥr ꜣbḫ (imperfective)
m ꜣbḫ (imperfective)
r ꜣbḫ (prospective)
ꜣbḫ.n (active perfect)
ꜣbḫw (passive perfect)
ꜣbḫ (passive perfect)
ꜣbḫ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ꜣbḫt (terminative)
ꜣbḫ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ꜣbḫ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ꜣbḫ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ꜣbḫ (active prospective)
ꜣbḫḫ (passive prospective)
ꜣbḫ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ꜣbḫ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ꜣbḫ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ꜣbḫ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ꜣbḫ (active participle perfective)
ꜣbḫ (participle passive perfective)
ꜣbḫw (participle passive perfective)
ꜣbḫy (participle passive perfective)
ꜣbḫ (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜣbḫy (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜣbḫw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ꜣbḫ (active imperfective participle)
ꜣbḫj (active imperfective participle)
ꜣbḫy (active imperfective participle)
ꜣbḫ (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣbḫw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣbḫ (active participle prospective relative)
ꜣbḫtj (active participle prospective relative)
ꜣbḫtj (participle prospective)
ꜣbḫt (participle prospective)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲱⲃⳉ (ōbx)

Coptic Dialect P: ⲱⲃⳋ (ōbç)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲱⲃⲉϣ (ōbeš)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲱⲃϣ (ōbš)

(transitive) to combine, to unite, to put together (something) (+ n: with, to)

(transitive, with m or ḥr, medicine, of drugs) to mix into or with

(transitive or intransitive (with m)) to join (someone)

(transitive, with m) to suffuse with (something abstract, e.g. happiness, fragrance, strength, radiance)

(intransitive) to merge, to unite, to mingle (+ ḥnꜥ: with; + n, + m, + r: with, into)

(intransitive) to amass, to flock together


snḏm

s-nDm-m-Y1 caus. 3-lit. (canonical)
snḏm (infinitive)
snḏmw (infinitive negative)
snḏm (infinitive negative)
snḏmt (infinitive)
snḏm (imperative infinitive singular)
snḏm (imperative infinitive plural)
snḏm (stative)
ḥr snḏm (imperfective)
m snḏm (imperfective)
r snḏm (prospective)
snḏm.n (active perfect)
snḏmw (passive perfect)
snḏm (passive perfect)
snḏm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
snḏmt (terminative)
snḏm (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
snḏm.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
snḏm (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
snḏmw (active prospective)
snḏm (active prospective)
snḏmy (active prospective)
snḏmw (passive prospective)
snḏm (passive prospective)
snḏmy (passive prospective)
snḏm.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
snḏm (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
snḏm.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
snḏm (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
snḏm (active participle perfective)
snḏm (participle passive perfective)
snḏmw (participle passive perfective)
snḏmy (participle passive perfective)
snḏm (active imperfective participle relative)
snḏmy (active imperfective participle relative)
snḏmw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
snḏm (active imperfective participle)
snḏmj (active imperfective participle)
snḏmy (active imperfective participle)
snḏm (imperfective participle passive)
snḏmw (imperfective participle passive)
snḏm (active participle prospective relative)
snḏmtj (active participle prospective relative)
snḏmwtj (participle prospective)
snḏmtj (participle prospective)
snḏmt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

snḏmt

snḏmw.tj1, snḏm.tj1, snḏmy.tj1, snḏmw.tw2, snḏm.tw2, snḏmy.tw2

s- (causative prefix) + nḏm (“to be pleasant or sweet”).

af

(intransitive) to make oneself comfortable, to sit and rest


snḏm

s-nDm-m-Xrd (canonical masculine)
snḏm (singular)
snḏmwj (dual)
snḏmw (plural)


mꜥkꜣ

m-a:k-A-D40 4-lit. (canonical)
mꜥkꜣ (infinitive)
mꜥkꜣw (infinitive negative)
mꜥkꜣ (infinitive negative)
mꜥkꜣt (infinitive)
mꜥkꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
mꜥkꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
mꜥkꜣ (stative)
ḥr mꜥkꜣ (imperfective)
m mꜥkꜣ (imperfective)
r mꜥkꜣ (prospective)
mꜥkꜣ.n (active perfect)
mꜥkꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
mꜥkꜣt (active terminative)
mꜥkꜣ (active perfective)
mꜥkꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
mꜥkꜣ (active imperfective)
mꜥkꜣw (active prospective)
mꜥkꜣ (active prospective)
mꜥkꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
mꜥkꜣ (active subjunctive)
mꜥkꜣ.n (active participle perfect)
mꜥkꜣ (active participle perfective)
mꜥkꜣ (participle passive perfective)
mꜥkꜣw (participle passive perfective)
mꜥkꜣy (participle passive perfective)
mꜥkꜣ (active imperfective participle)
mꜥkꜣy (active imperfective participle)
mꜥkꜣw (active imperfective participle)
mꜥkꜣj (active imperfective participle)
mꜥkꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
mꜥkꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
mꜥkꜣ (active participle prospective)
mꜥkꜣtj (active participle prospective)
mꜥkꜣwtj (participle prospective)
mꜥkꜣtj (participle prospective)
mꜥkꜣt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

mꜥkꜣt

mꜥkꜣw.tj1, mꜥkꜣ.tj1, mꜥkꜣw.tw2, mꜥkꜣ.tw2

Suggested to be connected with kꜣj (“to plan, to think”), but this remains questionable.

(intransitive) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

U2:ir-A-s-n:Z2-p:t:pt-U2:ir-A-s-n:Z2-tA:N23*Z1-m-a:k-A-a:ib*Z1-s-n:Z2-r-U2:ir-A-w-F27:Z2
mꜣ.sn pt mꜣ.sn tꜣ mꜥkꜣ jb.sn r mꜣ(j)w

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 28–30

(Whether) they saw sky or they saw land, their minds were more observant than lions.


jwꜥw

jwꜥw (singular)
jwꜥwwj (dual)
jwꜥww (plural)

Demotic: ꜥꜥ, ꜥw

Old Coptic: ⲱⲟⲩ (ōou)

iwa-A1-n-iwa-A1 ― jwꜥ(w) n(j) jwꜥ(w) ― heir of one’s heir

iwa-A1-H8:Z1-iwa-A1 ― jwꜥ(w) zꜣ jwꜥ(w) ― heir of one’s heir (literally, “heir, son of heir”)

E9:a-w-iwa:H_SPACE-gb-b-sw-i-i-t:Y1:tA:tA-U3:f-Ax-x:H_SPACE-Y1:Z2:f-s-V25-w-Y1:n:f:n:f-s-T32:m-tA:tA:tA:n-m:a-r:wAH-n:z:p-zp:Z2ss-ir:*n:f
jwꜥw gbb (n)syt tꜣwj mꜣ.f ꜣḫw.f swḏ.n.f n.f sšm tꜣw n mꜥr n(j) zpw jr.n.f

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 10–13

[…] the heir of Geb in the kingship of the Two Lands (Egypt), whose prowess he (Geb) saw, to whom he has bequeathed the guidance of the lands because of the success of the deeds he has done.

N9*t:Z2-nTr-Hr:Z1-r:S:zp*Z1s*Z1s-ii-w&y-Q2:ir-zA-Z1:H_SPACE-G5-mn:ib*Z1-mAa:a:P8H-zA-Z1:H_SPACE-st-t:H8-E9:a-w-iwa:H_SPACE-Q2:ir

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 17

The Ennead was rejoicing: Welcome, son of Osiris, Horus, firm of heart and true of voice, son of Isis and heir of Osiris!

psḏt ḥr ršrš jjwj zꜣ wsjr ḥr mn jb mꜣꜥ-ḫrw zꜣ ꜣst jwꜥw wsjr

image of a dead person in the form of a statue, seen as an ‘heir’ in the sense of being left behind on the earth after his death


jtj

iTi:t-A24 3ae inf. (canonical)
jtt (infinitive)
jtj (infinitive)
jtw (infinitive negative)
jt (infinitive negative)
jtwt (infinitive)
jtyt (infinitive)
jt (imperative infinitive singular)
jt (imperative infinitive plural)
jty (imperative infinitive plural)
jt (stative)
jtt (stative)
ḥr jtt (imperfective)
ḥr jtj (imperfective)
m jtt (imperfective)
m jtj (imperfective)
r jtt (prospective)
r jtj (prospective)
jt.n (active perfect)
jtw (passive perfect)
jt (passive perfect)
jty (passive perfect)
jt.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
jtt (terminative)
jtyt (terminative)
jt (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
jt.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
jt (active imperfective)
jty (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
jtw (active prospective)
jt (active prospective)
jty (active prospective)
jtw (passive prospective)
jt (passive prospective)
jty (passive prospective)
jt.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
jt (active subjunctive)
jty (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
jt.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
jtw (active participle perfective relative)
jty (active participle perfective relative)
jt (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
jt (active participle perfective)
jty (participle passive perfective)
jt (participle passive perfective)
jtt (active imperfective participle relative)
jtty (active imperfective participle relative)
jttw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
jtt (active imperfective participle)
jttj (active imperfective participle)
jtty (active imperfective participle)
jtt (imperfective participle passive)
jttw (imperfective participle passive)
jtw (active participle prospective relative)
jty (active participle prospective relative)
jt (active participle prospective relative)
jttj (active participle prospective relative)
jtwtj (participle prospective)
jttj (participle prospective)
jtt (participle prospective)

jtt, jtyt

jtw.tj1, jt.tj1, jty.tj1, jtw.tw2, jt.tw2, jty.tw2


jtj

Alternative transliteration of jt (“father”).

Alternative transliteration of jt (“grain”).


wmt

w-mt:t-Y1V 3-lit. (canonical)
wmt (infinitive)
wmtw (infinitive negative)
wmt (infinitive negative)
wmtt (infinitive)
wmt (imperative infinitive singular)
wmt (imperative infinitive plural)
wmt (stative)
ḥr wmt (imperfective)
m wmt (imperfective)
r wmt (prospective)
wmt.n (active perfect)
wmt.jn (active consecutive contingent)
wmtt (active terminative)
wmt (active perfective)
wmt.ḫr (active obligative)
wmt (active imperfective)
wmt (active prospective)
wmt.kꜣ (active potential)
wmt (active subjunctive)
wmt.n (active participle perfect)
wmt (active participle perfective)
wmt (participle passive perfective)
wmtw (participle passive perfective)
wmty (participle passive perfective)
wmt (active imperfective participle)
wmty (active imperfective participle)
wmtw (active imperfective participle)
wmtj (active imperfective participle)
wmt (imperfective participle passive)
wmtw (imperfective participle passive)
wmt (active participle prospective)
wmttj (active participle prospective)
wmttj (participle prospective)
wmtt (participle prospective)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲙⲟⲧ (oumot)


dns

d:n-s-U32-O39 3-lit. (canonical)
dns (infinitive)
dnsw (infinitive negative)
dns (infinitive negative)
dnst (infinitive)
dns (imperative infinitive singular)
dns (imperative infinitive plural)
dns (stative)
ḥr dns (imperfective)
m dns (imperfective)
r dns (prospective)
dns.n (active perfect)
dns.jn (active consecutive contingent)
dnst (active terminative)
dns (active perfective)
dns.ḫr (active obligative)
dns (active imperfective)
dns (active prospective)
dns.kꜣ (active potential)
dns (active subjunctive)
dns.n (active participle perfect)
dns (active participle perfective)
dns (participle passive perfective)
dnsw (participle passive perfective)
dnsy (participle passive perfective)
dns (active imperfective participle)
dnsy (active imperfective participle)
dnsw (active imperfective participle)
dnsj (active imperfective participle)
dns (imperfective participle passive)
dnsw (imperfective participle passive)
dns (active participle prospective)
dnstj (active participle prospective)
dnstj (participle prospective)
dnst (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to be(come) physically heavy

(intransitive, of limbs during illness) to feel heavy

(intransitive) to be(come) burdensome, onerous, hard to endure (+ r: for (someone))

(intransitive, of royal power) to be(come) weighty or forceful (+ r: to lie heavy on)

(intransitive, of people) to be(come) grave or serious


dp

d:p-ns 2-lit. (canonical)
dp (infinitive)
dpw (infinitive negative)
dp (infinitive negative)
dpt (infinitive)
dp (imperative infinitive singular)
j.dp (imperative infinitive singular)
dp (imperative infinitive plural)
j.dp (imperative infinitive plural)
dp (stative)
ḥr dp (imperfective)
m dp (imperfective)
r dp (prospective)
dp.n (active perfect)
dpw (passive perfect)
dp (passive perfect)
dp.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
dpt (terminative)
dp (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
dp.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
dp (active imperfective)
j.dp (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
dp (active prospective)
dpp (passive prospective)
dp.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
dp (active subjunctive)
j.dp (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
dp.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
dp (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
dp (active participle perfective)
dpp (participle passive perfective)
dppj (participle passive perfective)
dp (participle passive perfective)
dpw (participle passive perfective)
dpy (participle passive perfective)
j.dp (active imperfective participle relative)
dp (active imperfective participle relative)
dpy (active imperfective participle relative)
dpw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
j.dp (active imperfective participle)
j.dpw (active imperfective participle)
dp (active imperfective participle)
dpj (active imperfective participle)
dpy (active imperfective participle)
dp (imperfective participle passive)
dpw (imperfective participle passive)
dp (active participle prospective relative)
dptj (active participle prospective relative)
dptj (participle prospective)
dpt (participle prospective)

Demotic: tp

Bohairic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲡ (tōp)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲡⲉ (tōpe)

(transitive) to taste (a food, a drink, a taste)

r:S-fnD-A2-w-y-s-D:d-A2-d:p*t-ns-A2-n:f-z:n-X5-D54-x:t-Y2:Z2-Ab-m:r-nDs

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) line 124

How joyful is he who recounts what he has experienced when a painful thing passes!

(transitive, figuratively) to go through, to experience (a bad feeling or event)

(transitive, figuratively) to feel, to sense


dp

a city in Lower Egypt that, together with the city of p, later formed the combined city of Buto


dp

Alternative transliteration of tp (“head, atop”).


pẖr

p:X-r:pXr 3-lit. (canonical)
pẖr (infinitive)
pẖrw (infinitive negative)
pẖr (infinitive negative)
pẖrt (infinitive)
pẖr (imperative infinitive singular)
pẖr (imperative infinitive plural)
pẖr (stative)
ḥr pẖr (imperfective)
m pẖr (imperfective)
r pẖr (prospective)
pẖr.n (active perfect)
pẖrw (passive perfect)
pẖr (passive perfect)
pẖr.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
pẖrt (terminative)
pẖr (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
pẖr.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
pẖr (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
pẖr (active prospective)
pẖrr (passive prospective)
pẖr.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
pẖr (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
pẖr.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
pẖr (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
pẖr (active participle perfective)
pẖr (participle passive perfective)
pẖrw (participle passive perfective)
pẖry (participle passive perfective)
pẖr (active imperfective participle relative)
pẖry (active imperfective participle relative)
pẖrw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
pẖr (active imperfective participle)
pẖrj (active imperfective participle)
pẖry (active imperfective participle)
pẖr (imperfective participle passive)
pẖrw (imperfective participle passive)
pẖr (active participle prospective relative)
pẖrtj (active participle prospective relative)
pẖrtj (participle prospective)
pẖrt (participle prospective)

Old Coptic: ⲡϧⲣⲏⲓ⸗ (pxrēi⸗)

(transitive or intransitive) to go around, to circle


ḥn

H-Hn:n-V36-Y1V 2-lit. (canonical)
ḥn (infinitive)
ḥnw (infinitive negative)
ḥn (infinitive negative)
ḥnt (infinitive)
ḥn (imperative infinitive singular)
j.ḥn (imperative infinitive singular)
ḥn (imperative infinitive plural)
j.ḥn (imperative infinitive plural)
ḥn (stative)
ḥr ḥn (imperfective)
m ḥn (imperfective)
r ḥn (prospective)
ḥn.n (active perfect)
ḥnw (passive perfect)
ḥn (passive perfect)
ḥn.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ḥnt (terminative)
ḥn (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ḥn.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ḥn (active imperfective)
j.ḥn (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ḥn (active prospective)
ḥnn (passive prospective)
ḥn.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ḥn (active subjunctive)
j.ḥn (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ḥn.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ḥn (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ḥn (active participle perfective)
ḥnn (participle passive perfective)
ḥnnj (participle passive perfective)
ḥn (participle passive perfective)
ḥnw (participle passive perfective)
ḥny (participle passive perfective)
j.ḥn (active imperfective participle relative)
ḥn (active imperfective participle relative)
ḥny (active imperfective participle relative)
ḥnw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
j.ḥn (active imperfective participle)
j.ḥnw (active imperfective participle)
ḥn (active imperfective participle)
ḥnj (active imperfective participle)
ḥny (active imperfective participle)
ḥn (imperfective participle passive)
ḥnw (imperfective participle passive)
ḥn (active participle prospective relative)
ḥntj (active participle prospective relative)
ḥntj (participle prospective)
ḥnt (participle prospective)

Coptic: ϩⲱⲛ (hōn)

(transitive) to bring (a temple, the land, etc.) into order

(transitive) to equip, to supply (buildings or people) (+ m: with)

(transitive) to protect, to guard (something holy: a temple, tomb, or god) (+ r: against)

(transitive) to order, to command (something to be done)

(intransitive) to order, to command (+ n: someone; + r and infinitive: to do (something))

(transitive) to say forcefully, to impress (+ n: to, upon (someone))

(transitive) to engage (people) to do something, to set to some task

(transitive) to entrust or charge (+ n: someone) to do (something)

(transitive) to commend, to entrust (someone) (+ n: to (someone else))


ḥn

H-Hn:n-D54 2-lit. (canonical)
ḥn (infinitive)
ḥnw (infinitive negative)
ḥn (infinitive negative)
ḥnt (infinitive)
ḥn (imperative infinitive singular)
j.ḥn (imperative infinitive singular)
ḥn (imperative infinitive plural)
j.ḥn (imperative infinitive plural)
ḥn (stative)
ḥr ḥn (imperfective)
m ḥn (imperfective)
r ḥn (prospective)
ḥn.n (active perfect)
ḥn.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ḥnt (active terminative)
ḥn (active perfective)
ḥn.ḫr (active obligative)
ḥn (active imperfective)
j.ḥn (active imperfective)
ḥn (active prospective)
ḥn.kꜣ (active potential)
ḥn (active subjunctive)
j.ḥn (active subjunctive)
ḥn.n (active participle perfect)
ḥn (active participle perfective)
ḥnn (participle passive perfective)
ḥnnj (participle passive perfective)
ḥn (participle passive perfective)
ḥnw (participle passive perfective)
ḥny (participle passive perfective)
j.ḥn (active imperfective participle)
ḥn (active imperfective participle)
ḥny (active imperfective participle)
ḥnw (active imperfective participle)
j.ḥnw (active imperfective participle)
ḥnj (active imperfective participle)
ḥn (imperfective participle passive)
ḥnw (imperfective participle passive)
ḥn (active participle prospective)
ḥntj (active participle prospective)
ḥntj (participle prospective)
ḥnt (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to go with speed and purpose, to hurry, to advance speedily (+ r and infinitive or + following clause: to go do (something); + r: to (a place); + n: to (a person); + m: from (a place); + ḥnꜥ or jrm: with (someone))

(intransitive) to attack, to move against an enemy


pr-ḥḏ

pr-ḥḏ (singular)
prwj-ḥḏ (dual)
prw-ḥḏ (plural)

pr (“house”) + ḥḏ (“silver”) in a direct genitive construction, thus ‘house of silver’. However, this may be a reanalysis, and the name may have originally been intended as pr (“house”) + ḥḏ (“white”), thus ‘white house’, in contrast to the treasury of Lower Egypt, pr-dšr (literally “the red house”).


ꜥf

but treated syntactically as masculine plurals when used with participles and relative forms

and as feminine singulars when referred to by resumptive pronouns

Originally joined by n(j) to nouns they modify


snm

s-n:nm*m-G52-A2 caus. 2-lit. (canonical)
snmt (infinitive)
snm (infinitive)
snmw (infinitive negative)
snm (infinitive negative)
snm (imperative infinitive singular)
snm (imperative infinitive plural)
snm (stative)
ḥr snm (imperfective)
m snm (imperfective)
r snm (prospective)
snm.n (active perfect)
snmw (passive perfect)
snm (passive perfect)
snm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
snmt (terminative)
snm (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
snm.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
snm (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
snmw (active prospective)
snm (active prospective)
snmy (active prospective)
snmw (passive prospective)
snm (passive prospective)
snmy (passive prospective)
snm.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
snm (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
snm.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
snm (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
snm (active participle perfective)
snm (participle passive perfective)
snmw (participle passive perfective)
snmy (participle passive perfective)
snm (active imperfective participle relative)
snmy (active imperfective participle relative)
snmw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
snm (active imperfective participle)
snmj (active imperfective participle)
snmy (active imperfective participle)
snm (imperfective participle passive)
snmw (imperfective participle passive)
snm (active participle prospective relative)
snmtj (active participle prospective relative)
snmwtj (participle prospective)
snmtj (participle prospective)
snmt (participle prospective)

snmt

snmw.tj1, snm.tj1, snmy.tj1, snmw.tw2, snm.tw2, snmy.tw2

From s- (causative prefix) + wnm (“to eat”).

(transitive) to feed (someone or something), to provide with food

(transitive) to feed (a person or animal) (+ m: with (a food))

(transitive) to fatten, to force-feed (poultry) by gavage

(transitive) to ‘feed’ (gods or the dead) by providing offerings of food; to sacrifice food to

(transitive) to feed into (a brazier) (+ m: to supply a brazier with (frankincense))

(transitive) to feed (food), to provide (food)

(transitive) to feed (a food) (+ n: to (someone))

to feed (food), to provide (food)
to feed (a food) (+ n: to (someone))

(transitive) to offer (food) as a sacrifice (+ ḥr: upon (an altar))

to feed (food), to provide (food)
to supply (necessities)

z:n-nm-m-
-A2-x*t:Y1-Z3 ― snm ḫt ― to feed on offerings of food

(transitive or intransitive) to eat, to feed on (food) (+ m: to eat of; + ḥr: to eat from (an altar))

(transitive, of fire, worms, etc.) to consume (corpses)


snm

z:n-nm-m-G41-nDs 3-lit. (canonical)
snm (infinitive)
snmw (infinitive negative)
snm (infinitive negative)
snmt (infinitive)
snm (imperative infinitive singular)
snm (imperative infinitive plural)
snm (stative)
ḥr snm (imperfective)
m snm (imperfective)
r snm (prospective)
snm.n (active perfect)
snmw (passive perfect)
snm (passive perfect)
snm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
snmt (terminative)
snm (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
snm.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
snm (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
snm (active prospective)
snmm (passive prospective)
snm.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
snm (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
snm.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
snm (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
snm (active participle perfective)
snm (participle passive perfective)
snmw (participle passive perfective)
snmy (participle passive perfective)
snm (active imperfective participle relative)
snmy (active imperfective participle relative)
snmw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
snm (active imperfective participle)
snmj (active imperfective participle)
snmy (active imperfective participle)
snm (imperfective participle passive)
snmw (imperfective participle passive)
snm (active participle prospective relative)
snmtj (active participle prospective relative)
snmtj (participle prospective)
snmt (participle prospective)

(intransitive, of people or the heart/mind) to be(come) sad, to mourn, to grieve


snm

snm (singular)
snmwj (dual)
snmw (plural)

Demotic: snm


ꜥn

Demotic: ꜥn, jn

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲁⲛ (an)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲟⲛ (on)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁⲛ (an)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲁⲛ (an)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲛ (on)

(Late Egyptian) back, to a previous condition or place

(Late Egyptian) furthermore, in addition

(Late Egyptian, negated) nevermore, never again


ꜥn

a:n-xt (canonical masculine)
ꜥn (singular)
ꜥnwj (dual)
ꜥnw (plural)


ꜥn

Nominalized from the participle of ꜥnj (“to be beautiful, pleasant, kind”).


ꜥn

Compare ꜥf (“there”) and ꜥꜣ (“here, there”), apparently paralleling the several series of demonstrative determiners with endings -n, -f, -ꜣ, for instance pn, pf, and pꜣ.


rwj

r-w-D54 3ae inf. (canonical)
rwt (infinitive)
rwj (infinitive)
rww (infinitive negative)
rw (infinitive negative)
rwwt (infinitive)
rwyt (infinitive)
rw (imperative infinitive singular)
rw (imperative infinitive plural)
rwy (imperative infinitive plural)
rw (stative)
rww (stative)
ḥr rwt (imperfective)
ḥr rwj (imperfective)
m rwt (imperfective)
m rwj (imperfective)
r rwt (prospective)
r rwj (prospective)
rw.n (active perfect)
rww (passive perfect)
rw (passive perfect)
rwy (passive perfect)
rw.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
rwt (terminative)
rwyt (terminative)
rw (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
rw.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
rw (active imperfective)
rwy (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
rww (active prospective)
rw (active prospective)
rwy (active prospective)
rww (passive prospective)
rw (passive prospective)
rwy (passive prospective)
rw.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
rw (active subjunctive)
rwy (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
rw.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
rww (active participle perfective relative)
rwy (active participle perfective relative)
rw (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
rw (active participle perfective)
rwy (participle passive perfective)
rw (participle passive perfective)
rww (active imperfective participle relative)
rwwy (active imperfective participle relative)
rwww (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
rww (active imperfective participle)
rwwj (active imperfective participle)
rwwy (active imperfective participle)
rww (imperfective participle passive)
rwww (imperfective participle passive)
rww (active participle prospective relative)
rwy (active participle prospective relative)
rw (active participle prospective relative)
rwtj (active participle prospective relative)
rwwtj (participle prospective)
rwtj (participle prospective)
rwt (participle prospective)

rwt, rwyt

rww.tj1, rw.tj1, rwy.tj1, rww.tw2, rw.tw2, rwy.tw2

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲗⲁ (la)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲗⲟ (lo)

(intransitive) to get away (+ r: from (a place or thing))

E9-w-i-i-t:nDs-O35:nDs-s-y:E9-w-r:ww-D54-tA:m-Htp:Z2-Xr:r-nb:Z1:f
jwyt zb(.w) sjw(w) rw.w tꜣ m ḥtpw ẖr nb.f

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 23

Wrongdoing has gone, the Slanderer has departed, and the land is in peace under its lord.

(transitive) to leave, to depart (a place)


rwj

Dual form of r(ꜣ) (“part, piece, ¹⁄_…”).


nbt-tꜣ

nbt (“lady, mistress”) + tꜣ (“land”) in a direct genitive construction, thus ‘Lady of the Land’.


wjꜣ

wjꜣ (singular)
wjꜣwj (dual)
wjꜣw (plural)

T-w:*t-nTr-A40-H_SPACE:p-w-DA-A-Z9-wn:n-nw-t-dwA-ra:N33A-Htp:t*p-k-w-i-A-P3-xpr:r-A40
ṯwt nṯr pw ḏꜣ wnwwt ḥtp.k wjꜣ ḫpr(j)

c. 1401 BCE, Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, line 11

You are this god who sails across the hours as you rest in the barque of Khepri.


bꜣkt

bꜣkt (singular)
bꜣktj (dual)
bꜣkwt (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲃⲱⲕⲓ (bōki)


ršwt

Bohairic Coptic: ⲣⲁϣⲓ (raši)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲗⲉϣⲓ (leši)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲣⲉϣⲉ (reše)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲣⲁϣⲉ (raše)

b-w-nb:x:n:t-S:fnD:Y1-ib:Z2ss-nDm-HAt:ib*Z2ss-Xr:r-r:S-w&t
bw-nb ḫntš(.w) jbw nḏm(.w) ḥꜣtjw ẖr ršwt

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 21

Everybody is glad, minds are sweet, hearts are in joy.


rmṯt

Alternative form of rmṯ (“person, people”)


ḫꜣstjw

ḫꜣst (“foreign land”) + -j (nisba ending) + -w (plural ending).


wrryt

wrryt (singular)
wrrytj (dual)
wrrywt (plural)


m ḏd

infinitive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">ḏd</i> (“to say”)

(with following genitive) as (someone) says

(chiefly Late Egyptian) introduces a direct quotation; saying, with the words, as follows


jmj jb

jmj jb (singular)
jmjwj jb (dual)
jmwj jb (dual)
jmjw jb (plural)
jmw jb (plural)

From jmj (“(one) being in”) + jb (“heart, mind”), literally “one who/that which is in the heart/mind”.


wḫt

wḫt (singular)
wḫtj (dual)
wḫwt (plural)

Demotic: wḫ

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲟⲩⳉⲓ (ouxi)

desc

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲟⲩϣⲏ (oušē), ⲟⲩϣⲓ (ouši)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲟⲩϣⲏ (oušē)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲩϣⲏ (oušē)


mꜣwt

mꜣwt (singular)
mꜣwtj (dual)
mꜣwwt (plural)

Demotic: mꜣy

Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩⲓ (moui)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩⲉ (moue)


nmtj-nḫt

From nmtj (“Nemti”) + nḫt (“strong, victorious”) + (.w) (masculine singular stative ending), thus ‘Nemti is strong’.

af

.w <alt:(.w)><pos:masculine singular stative ending>


m ḥtp

conventionally added after expressions of welcome such as jjwj and jj.tj

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see m, ḥtp.


jmn-nḫt

From jmn (“Amun”) + nḫt (“strong, victorious”) + (.w) (masculine singular stative ending), thus ‘Amun is strong’.


r mn m

desctree

Late Egyptian: jrm
Demotic: jrm
Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲉⲙ (nem)
Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲛ̄ (mn̄), ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁ⸗ (nm̄ma⸗)