ḏws

Dw-w-s 3-lit. (canonical)
ḏws (infinitive)
ḏwsw (infinitive negative)
ḏws (infinitive negative)
ḏwst (infinitive)
ḏws (imperative infinitive singular)
ḏws (imperative infinitive plural)
ḏws (stative)
ḥr ḏws (imperfective)
m ḏws (imperfective)
r ḏws (prospective)
ḏws.n (active perfect)
ḏwsw (passive perfect)
ḏws (passive perfect)
ḏws.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ḏwst (terminative)
ḏws (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ḏws.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ḏws (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ḏws (active prospective)
ḏwss (passive prospective)
ḏws.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ḏws (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ḏws.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ḏws (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ḏws (active participle perfective)
ḏws (participle passive perfective)
ḏwsw (participle passive perfective)
ḏwsy (participle passive perfective)
ḏws (active imperfective participle relative)
ḏwsy (active imperfective participle relative)
ḏwsw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ḏws (active imperfective participle)
ḏwsj (active imperfective participle)
ḏwsy (active imperfective participle)
ḏws (imperfective participle passive)
ḏwsw (imperfective participle passive)
ḏws (active participle prospective relative)
ḏwstj (active participle prospective relative)
ḏwstj (participle prospective)
ḏwst (participle prospective)

Likely from earlier sḏwj (“to slander”) by metathesis.

(transitive) to falsely speak ill of someone (+ n: to (a person of authority)); to malign, to slander, to tell on


ṯnwt

T:n-nw-w-t-Y1:Z2-E1:Z2-T14-W:t-Z5:Z2ss-nb:t


msn

ms-s-n:msn-niwt m. (canonical toponymic)
f. (canonical toponymic)

Related to msnw (“harpooner”); the toponym is closely connected since the earliest times with Horus in his role as harpooner of enemies.

a toponym of ambiguous signification commonly found associated with Horus as part of his epithet nb-msn; it may refer to any or all of the following:

a settlement near or identical to Tjaru in Lower Egypt

(possibly) the city of Buto (Pe) in Lower Egypt


pAz

Manuel de Codage transliteration of pꜣz.


bḥdt

the city of Semabehdet (Tell el-Balamun) in Lower Egypt

the 17th nome of Lower Egypt, with its capital at Semabehdet (Tell el-Balamun)


dbḥt-ḥtp

dbḥt (“necessity”) + ḥtp (“offering”) in a direct genitive construction, thus ‘necessity of the offering’.

(uncountable) funerary meal offered to the dead

(uncountable) altar for food offerings to the dead


sḏrt

(Late Egyptian, uncountable) confinement to bed; bedrest, bedriddenness


pꜣz

Q3-G40-A-O34:D12 3-lit. (canonical)
pꜣz (infinitive)
pꜣzw (infinitive negative)
pꜣz (infinitive negative)
pꜣzt (infinitive)
pꜣz (imperative infinitive singular)
pꜣz (imperative infinitive plural)
pꜣz (stative)
ḥr pꜣz (imperfective)
m pꜣz (imperfective)
r pꜣz (prospective)
pꜣz.n (active perfect)
pꜣz.jn (active consecutive contingent)
pꜣzt (active terminative)
pꜣz (active perfective)
pꜣz.ḫr (active obligative)
pꜣz (active imperfective)
pꜣz (active prospective)
pꜣz.kꜣ (active potential)
pꜣz (active subjunctive)
pꜣz.n (active participle perfect)
pꜣz (active participle perfective)
pꜣz (participle passive perfective)
pꜣzw (participle passive perfective)
pꜣzy (participle passive perfective)
pꜣz (active imperfective participle)
pꜣzy (active imperfective participle)
pꜣzw (active imperfective participle)
pꜣzj (active imperfective participle)
pꜣz (imperfective participle passive)
pꜣzw (imperfective participle passive)
pꜣz (active participle prospective)
pꜣztj (active participle prospective)
pꜣztj (participle prospective)
pꜣzt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

pꜣzt

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.


sdwḫ

s-d-w-x-Aa2:D40 4-lit. (canonical)
sdwḫ (infinitive)
sdwḫw (infinitive negative)
sdwḫ (infinitive negative)
sdwḫt (infinitive)
sdwḫ (imperative infinitive singular)
sdwḫ (imperative infinitive plural)
sdwḫ (stative)
ḥr sdwḫ (imperfective)
m sdwḫ (imperfective)
r sdwḫ (prospective)
sdwḫ.n (active perfect)
sdwḫw (passive perfect)
sdwḫ (passive perfect)
sdwḫ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
sdwḫt (terminative)
sdwḫ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
sdwḫ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
sdwḫ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
sdwḫw (active prospective)
sdwḫ (active prospective)
sdwḫw (passive prospective)
sdwḫ (passive prospective)
sdwḫ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
sdwḫ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
sdwḫ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
sdwḫ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
sdwḫ (active participle perfective)
sdwḫ (participle passive perfective)
sdwḫw (participle passive perfective)
sdwḫy (participle passive perfective)
sdwḫ (active imperfective participle relative)
sdwḫy (active imperfective participle relative)
sdwḫw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
sdwḫ (active imperfective participle)
sdwḫj (active imperfective participle)
sdwḫy (active imperfective participle)
sdwḫ (imperfective participle passive)
sdwḫw (imperfective participle passive)
sdwḫ (active participle prospective relative)
sdwḫtj (active participle prospective relative)
sdwḫwtj (participle prospective)
sdwḫtj (participle prospective)
sdwḫt (participle prospective)

sdwḫt

sdwḫw.tj1, sdwḫ.tj1, sdwḫw.tw2, sdwḫ.tw2


snḥ

s-n-H-V1 3-lit. (canonical)
snḥ (infinitive)
snḥw (infinitive negative)
snḥ (infinitive negative)
snḥt (infinitive)
snḥ (imperative infinitive singular)
snḥ (imperative infinitive plural)
snḥ (stative)
ḥr snḥ (imperfective)
m snḥ (imperfective)
r snḥ (prospective)
snḥ.n (active perfect)
snḥw (passive perfect)
snḥ (passive perfect)
snḥ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
snḥt (terminative)
snḥ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
snḥ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
snḥ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
snḥ (active prospective)
snḥḥ (passive prospective)
snḥ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
snḥ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
snḥ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
snḥ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
snḥ (active participle perfective)
snḥ (participle passive perfective)
snḥw (participle passive perfective)
snḥy (participle passive perfective)
snḥ (active imperfective participle relative)
snḥy (active imperfective participle relative)
snḥw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
snḥ (active imperfective participle)
snḥj (active imperfective participle)
snḥy (active imperfective participle)
snḥ (imperfective participle passive)
snḥw (imperfective participle passive)
snḥ (active participle prospective relative)
snḥtj (active participle prospective relative)
snḥtj (participle prospective)
snḥt (participle prospective)
snḥt (infinitive)
snḥ (infinitive)
snḥw (infinitive negative)
snḥ (infinitive negative)
snḥ (imperative infinitive singular)
snḥ (imperative infinitive plural)
snḥ (stative)
ḥr snḥ (imperfective)
m snḥ (imperfective)
r snḥ (prospective)
snḥ.n (active perfect)
snḥw (passive perfect)
snḥ (passive perfect)
snḥ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
snḥt (terminative)
snḥ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
snḥ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
snḥ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
snḥw (active prospective)
snḥ (active prospective)
snḥy (active prospective)
snḥw (passive prospective)
snḥ (passive prospective)
snḥy (passive prospective)
snḥ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
snḥ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
snḥ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
snḥ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
snḥ (active participle perfective)
snḥ (participle passive perfective)
snḥw (participle passive perfective)
snḥy (participle passive perfective)
snḥ (active imperfective participle relative)
snḥy (active imperfective participle relative)
snḥw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
snḥ (active imperfective participle)
snḥj (active imperfective participle)
snḥy (active imperfective participle)
snḥ (imperfective participle passive)
snḥw (imperfective participle passive)
snḥ (active participle prospective relative)
snḥtj (active participle prospective relative)
snḥwtj (participle prospective)
snḥtj (participle prospective)
snḥt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-caus-x-lit

causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.

egy-conj-table

snḥt

snḥw.tj1, snḥ.tj1, snḥy.tj1, snḥw.tw2, snḥ.tw2, snḥy.tw2

Coptic: ⲥⲱⲛϩ (sōnh)

Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE

(transitive) to tie up, to bind (people, animals, or body parts)

(transitive) to magically render (poison) harmless

(transitive, of a snake) to constrict, to coil around (someone or something)


TAw

Manuel de Codage transliteration of ṯꜣw.


ṯrm

T:r-m-D6 3-lit. (canonical)
ṯrm (infinitive)
ṯrmw (infinitive negative)
ṯrm (infinitive negative)
ṯrmt (infinitive)
ṯrm (imperative infinitive singular)
ṯrm (imperative infinitive plural)
ṯrm (stative)
ḥr ṯrm (imperfective)
m ṯrm (imperfective)
r ṯrm (prospective)
ṯrm.n (active perfect)
ṯrm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ṯrmt (active terminative)
ṯrm (active perfective)
ṯrm.ḫr (active obligative)
ṯrm (active imperfective)
ṯrm (active prospective)
ṯrm.kꜣ (active potential)
ṯrm (active subjunctive)
ṯrm.n (active participle perfect)
ṯrm (active participle perfective)
ṯrm (participle passive perfective)
ṯrmw (participle passive perfective)
ṯrmy (participle passive perfective)
ṯrm (active imperfective participle)
ṯrmy (active imperfective participle)
ṯrmw (active imperfective participle)
ṯrmj (active imperfective participle)
ṯrm (imperfective participle passive)
ṯrmw (imperfective participle passive)
ṯrm (active participle prospective)
ṯrmtj (active participle prospective)
ṯrmtj (participle prospective)
ṯrmt (participle prospective)

Akhmimic Coptic: ϫⲱⲣⲙⲉ (čōrme)

Bohairic Coptic: ϭⲱⲣⲉⲙ (cōrem)

Sahidic Coptic: ϫⲱⲣⲙ (čōrm)


pAD

Manuel de Codage transliteration of pꜣḏ.


šbn

S-b-n:Z9 3-lit. (canonical)
šbn (infinitive)
šbnw (infinitive negative)
šbn (infinitive negative)
šbnt (infinitive)
šbn (imperative infinitive singular)
šbn (imperative infinitive plural)
šbn (stative)
ḥr šbn (imperfective)
m šbn (imperfective)
r šbn (prospective)
šbn.n (active perfect)
šbnw (passive perfect)
šbn (passive perfect)
šbn.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
šbnt (terminative)
šbn (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
šbn.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
šbn (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
šbn (active prospective)
šbnn (passive prospective)
šbn.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
šbn (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
šbn.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
šbn (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
šbn (active participle perfective)
šbn (participle passive perfective)
šbnw (participle passive perfective)
šbny (participle passive perfective)
šbn (active imperfective participle relative)
šbny (active imperfective participle relative)
šbnw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
šbn (active imperfective participle)
šbnj (active imperfective participle)
šbny (active imperfective participle)
šbn (imperfective participle passive)
šbnw (imperfective participle passive)
šbn (active participle prospective relative)
šbntj (active participle prospective relative)
šbntj (participle prospective)
šbnt (participle prospective)

(transitive) to mix together (+ ḥnꜥ: with)

(intransitive) to be(come) mixed (+ ḥr or m: with)


tp-rnpt

tpj (“first”) + rnpt (“year”) in a direct genitive construction, thus literally ‘first of the year’. The form with tpj written out in full (as opposed to written as tp) is unattested.

‘New Year’s Day’: a festival day at the start of the Egyptian year, the first day of the first month of ꜣḫt, originally aligned to the heliacal rising of Sirius in summer


šr

S:r-Xrd (canonical masculine)
šr (singular)
šrwj (dual)
šrw (plural)

Demotic: (šr)

Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲏⲣⲓ (šēri)

desc

Fayyumic Coptic: ϣⲏⲗⲓ (šēli), ϣⲏⲣⲓ (šēri)

Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲏⲣⲉ (šēre)

(Late Egyptian) son, especially a younger son


zmA

Manuel de Codage transliteration of zmꜣ.


aHA

Manuel de Codage transliteration of ꜥḥꜣ.


nt-ḥtrj

nt-ḥtrj (singular)
ntj-ḥtrj (dual)
nwt-ḥtrj (plural)
nt-ḥtrj (plural)

nt (feminine of nj (“of, belonging to”)) + ḥtrj (“team of animals”), thus ‘(what is) belonging to the team of animals’.

af

feminine of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">nj</i> (“of, belonging to”)

warrior who fights from a chariot, charioteer


rḏj jn.tw

rḏj (“let”) + jnt (subjunctive of jnj (“get”)) + .tw (passive suffix). The final -t of jnt always coalesces with the initial t- of .tw and is left unwritten.

subjunctive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">jnj</i> (“get”)

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see rḏj, jnj.


ḥr sꜣ

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see ḥr, sꜣ.


ḥzy

Hz-i-i (canonical masculine)
ḥzy (singular)
ḥz (singular)
ḥzywj (dual)
ḥzwj (dual)
ḥzyw (plural)
ḥzw (plural)

Demotic: ḥsy

desc

→ Ancient Greek: ἁσιῆς (hasiês), ἑσιῆς (hesiês)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲥⲓⲉ (esie)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϩⲁⲥⲓⲉ (hasie)

Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲁⲥⲓⲉ (hasie), ϩⲁⲥⲉⲓⲉ (haseie), ϩⲁⲥⲓⲏ (hasiē)

favored one, esteemed one (+ following direct genitive: one favored by …, one esteemed by …)

epithet for one of the dead who have been judged righteous


dwA

Manuel de Codage transliteration of dwꜣ.


tꜣ-mḥw

tꜣ (“land”) + mḥw (“Lower Egypt”) in a direct genitive construction.


dwAw

Manuel de Codage transliteration of dwꜣw.


psštj

psštj (singular)
psštjwj (dual)
psštjw (plural)


Hat

Manuel de Codage transliteration of ḥꜥt.


m mnt

af

only used in <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">m mnt</i>


wḏ-mdw

V25-md-Y2:N33A:n-M22-M22-nTr-Z1:N33A-imi-w-N33A:z-!-wn:n-O31:a-N33A:n-A1-sbA-w-pr:N33A-T:n:N33A
wḏ-mdw n nn nṯrw jm(j)w.s wn n.j sbꜣw.ṯn

c. 1401 BCE, Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, line 1

Commanding to these gods who are inside it: Open your doors to me!

to command, to govern (+ n: to command (someone))


ẖrt-hrw

ẖrt (“possession, belonging”) + hrw (“day”) in a direct genitive construction.


smsm

s-m-s-m-A19-A2 4-lit. (canonical)
smsm (infinitive)
smsmw (infinitive negative)
smsm (infinitive negative)
smsmt (infinitive)
smsm (imperative infinitive singular)
smsm (imperative infinitive plural)
smsm (stative)
ḥr smsm (imperfective)
m smsm (imperfective)
r smsm (prospective)
smsm.n (active perfect)
smsmw (passive perfect)
smsm (passive perfect)
smsm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
smsmt (terminative)
smsm (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
smsm.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
smsm (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
smsmw (active prospective)
smsm (active prospective)
smsmw (passive prospective)
smsm (passive prospective)
smsm.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
smsm (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
smsm.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
smsm (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
smsm (active participle perfective)
smsm (participle passive perfective)
smsmw (participle passive perfective)
smsmy (participle passive perfective)
smsm (active imperfective participle relative)
smsmy (active imperfective participle relative)
smsmw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
smsm (active imperfective participle)
smsmj (active imperfective participle)
smsmy (active imperfective participle)
smsm (imperfective participle passive)
smsmw (imperfective participle passive)
smsm (active participle prospective relative)
smsmtj (active participle prospective relative)
smsmwtj (participle prospective)
smsmtj (participle prospective)
smsmt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

smsmt

smsmw.tj1, smsm.tj1, smsmw.tw2, smsm.tw2


rḏj jwt

rḏj (“let”) + jwt (subjunctive of jwj (“come”)).

af

subjunctive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">jwj</i> (“come”)


qꜣbt

desc

Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲓⲃⲉ (kibe), ⲕⲓⲃⲉ (kibe), ⲕⲓⲉⲃⲉ (kiebe)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲕⲓϥⲓ (kifi)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲕⲉⲓⲃⲉ (keibe), ⲕⲓⲃⲉ (kibe)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲉⲕⲓⲃⲓ (ekibi)


qꜣbt

qꜣbt (singular)
qꜣbtj (dual)
qꜣbwt (plural)


jArw

Manuel de Codage transliteration of jꜣrw.


HAw

Manuel de Codage transliteration of ḥꜣw.


HAb

Manuel de Codage transliteration of ḥꜣb.


hAb

Manuel de Codage transliteration of hꜣb.


hAw

Manuel de Codage transliteration of hꜣw.


ꜥbrꜥstjꜥks

Compare Ancient Greek ἀβρασάξ (abrasáx).

h-A-i-i-A2-z:D54-a:k-s-G7-i-mn:n-G7-F29-t:y-a:k:z-G7-a-b-Z1-r:a*Z1-F29-t:y-a:k-s-G7-D:d-m*t*W:k-
-sbA

c. 175–249 CE, Papyrus London-Leiden, col. 23, line 24

Hail, Sax, Amun, Sax, Abrasax, for you are the moon, […]

hꜣy sꜥks jmn stjꜥks ꜥbrꜥstjꜥks ḏd mtwk jꜥḥ


qAbt

Manuel de Codage transliteration of qꜣbt.


sDA

Manuel de Codage transliteration of sḏꜣ.


wDA

Manuel de Codage transliteration of wḏꜣ.


skA

Manuel de Codage transliteration of skꜣ.


maHat

Manuel de Codage transliteration of mꜥḥꜥt.


wꜣyšꜣtjsꜣpy

<-ini-T:rw-i-wA-SA->-anx-D&t&tA-G40-aA:a-G40-wr:r-A21-n:n-A-wr:r-A21-Z3-!-G40--HASH-HASH-HASH-HASH-HASH-HASH-wA-i-i--SA-ti-i-Aa18:p-i-i-A41-i-A-x:H_SPACE-m-i-n:N38-A41
jnṯrwjwꜣšꜣ ꜥnḫ ḏt pꜣ ꜥꜣ pꜣ wr n(j) nꜣ wrw pꜣ [… wꜣy]šꜣtjsꜣpy jꜣḫmjnš

c. 522–486 BCE, Tell el-Maskhuta stela of Darius I (Cairo JE 48855), lines 4–5

Darius, alive forever, the great one, the king of kings, the [… son of Hy]staspes the Achaemenid

A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by the Achaemenid satrap Hystaspes


jꜣḫmjnš

From Old Persian 𐏃𐎧𐎠𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 (Haxāmanišiya).


wHa

Manuel de Codage transliteration of wḥꜥ.


zwn

zwn (singular)
zwnwj (dual)
zwnw (plural)


sšd

sšd (singular)
sšdwj (dual)
sšdw (plural)


sšd

s-Sd:d-I3 3-lit. (canonical)
sšd (infinitive)
sšdw (infinitive negative)
sšd (infinitive negative)
sšdt (infinitive)
sšd (imperative infinitive singular)
sšd (imperative infinitive plural)
sšd (stative)
ḥr sšd (imperfective)
m sšd (imperfective)
r sšd (prospective)
sšd.n (active perfect)
sšd.jn (active consecutive contingent)
sšdt (active terminative)
sšd (active perfective)
sšd.ḫr (active obligative)
sšd (active imperfective)
sšd (active prospective)
sšd.kꜣ (active potential)
sšd (active subjunctive)
sšd.n (active participle perfect)
sšd (active participle perfective)
sšd (participle passive perfective)
sšdw (participle passive perfective)
sšdy (participle passive perfective)
sšd (active imperfective participle)
sšdy (active imperfective participle)
sšdw (active imperfective participle)
sšdj (active imperfective participle)
sšd (imperfective participle passive)
sšdw (imperfective participle passive)
sšd (active participle prospective)
sšdtj (active participle prospective)
sšdtj (participle prospective)
sšdt (participle prospective)

(intransitive, of stars, lightning, etc.) to flash


sšd

bandage for wrapping mummies and cultic images; mummy wrappings

strip of linen upon which words are to be written in hope of bringing about their efficacy, for example words of magic spells or New Year’s wishes

fillet, headband, typically with two feathers attached


sšd

s-Sd:d-V12 3-lit. (canonical)
sšd (infinitive)
sšdw (infinitive negative)
sšd (infinitive negative)
sšdt (infinitive)
sšd (imperative infinitive singular)
sšd (imperative infinitive plural)
sšd (stative)
ḥr sšd (imperfective)
m sšd (imperfective)
r sšd (prospective)
sšd.n (active perfect)
sšdw (passive perfect)
sšd (passive perfect)
sšd.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
sšdt (terminative)
sšd (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
sšd.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
sšd (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
sšd (active prospective)
sšdd (passive prospective)
sšd.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
sšd (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
sšd.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
sšd (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
sšd (active participle perfective)
sšd (participle passive perfective)
sšdw (participle passive perfective)
sšdy (participle passive perfective)
sšd (active imperfective participle relative)
sšdy (active imperfective participle relative)
sšdw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
sšd (active imperfective participle)
sšdj (active imperfective participle)
sšdy (active imperfective participle)
sšd (imperfective participle passive)
sšdw (imperfective participle passive)
sšd (active participle prospective relative)
sšdtj (active participle prospective relative)
sšdtj (participle prospective)
sšdt (participle prospective)

(transitive) to adorn with a fillet (+ m: to adorn with, to tie on (an adornment))


sšd

Demotic: ššṱ, ššt, ššte, sšṱ

Akhmimic Coptic: ϣⲱϣⲧ (šōšt)

Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲟⲩϣⲧ (šoušt)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϣⲟⲩϣⲧ (šoušt)

Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲟⲩϣⲧ̄ (šoušt̄), ϣⲱϣⲧ (šōšt)

(Late Egyptian) particularly, the magnificent window of the royal palace where the king makes public appearances


jArrt

Manuel de Codage transliteration of jꜣrrt.


tAS

Manuel de Codage transliteration of tꜣš.


dwꜣ nṯr n

dwꜣ (“to praise”) + nṯr (“god”) + n (“to, for”).


nšmt

neshmet-barque, the sacred barque in which (the image of) Osiris was carried in procession during his festival at Abydos


sdꜣ

sdꜣ (singular)
sdꜣwj (dual)
sdꜣw (plural)

Botaurus stellaris
Botaurus stellaris#Translingual


sdꜣ

s-d-A-G33-nDs 3-lit. (canonical)
sdꜣ (infinitive)
sdꜣw (infinitive negative)
sdꜣ (infinitive negative)
sdꜣt (infinitive)
sdꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
sdꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
sdꜣ (stative)
ḥr sdꜣ (imperfective)
m sdꜣ (imperfective)
r sdꜣ (prospective)
sdꜣ.n (active perfect)
sdꜣw (passive perfect)
sdꜣ (passive perfect)
sdꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
sdꜣt (terminative)
sdꜣ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
sdꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
sdꜣ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
sdꜣ (active prospective)
sdꜣꜣ (passive prospective)
sdꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
sdꜣ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
sdꜣ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
sdꜣ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
sdꜣ (active participle perfective)
sdꜣ (participle passive perfective)
sdꜣw (participle passive perfective)
sdꜣy (participle passive perfective)
sdꜣ (active imperfective participle relative)
sdꜣy (active imperfective participle relative)
sdꜣw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
sdꜣ (active imperfective participle)
sdꜣj (active imperfective participle)
sdꜣy (active imperfective participle)
sdꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
sdꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
sdꜣ (active participle prospective relative)
sdꜣtj (active participle prospective relative)
sdꜣtj (participle prospective)
sdꜣt (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to tremble, to quake (+ n or tp ꜥ: before (someone))


ḫsfj

x-s-U35-P2 4ae inf. (canonical)
ḫsf (infinitive)
ḫsfw (infinitive negative)
ḫsfyw (infinitive negative)
ḫsf (infinitive negative)
ḫsft (infinitive)
ḫsfwt (infinitive)
ḫsfyt (infinitive)
ḫsf (imperative infinitive singular)
ḫsf (imperative infinitive plural)
ḫsfy (imperative infinitive plural)
ḫsf (stative)
ḥr ḫsf (imperfective)
m ḫsf (imperfective)
r ḫsf (prospective)
ḫsf.n (active perfect)
ḫsf.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ḫsft (active terminative)
ḫsf (active perfective)
ḫsf.ḫr (active obligative)
ḫsf (active imperfective)
ḫsfy (active imperfective)
ḫsfw (active prospective)
ḫsf (active prospective)
ḫsfy (active prospective)
ḫsf.kꜣ (active potential)
ḫsf (active subjunctive)
ḫsfy (active subjunctive)
ḫsf.n (active participle perfect)
ḫsfw (active participle perfective)
ḫsfy (active participle perfective)
ḫsf (active participle perfective)
ḫsfy (participle passive perfective)
ḫsf (participle passive perfective)
ḫsff (active imperfective participle)
ḫsffy (active imperfective participle)
ḫsffw (active imperfective participle)
ḫsffj (active imperfective participle)
ḫsff (imperfective participle passive)
ḫsffw (imperfective participle passive)
ḫsfw (active participle prospective)
ḫsfy (active participle prospective)
ḫsf (active participle prospective)
ḫsftj (active participle prospective)
ḫsfwtj (participle prospective)
ḫsftj (participle prospective)
ḫsft (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

ḫsft

ḫsfw.tj1, ḫsf.tj1, ḫsfy.tj1, ḫsfw.tw2, ḫsf.tw2, ḫsfy.tw2

# Only in the masculine singular
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.
# Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">-y</i> instead of the expected stative ending.


aXm

Manuel de Codage transliteration of ꜥẖm.


axm

Manuel de Codage transliteration of ꜥḫm.


jAa

Manuel de Codage transliteration of jꜣꜥ.


jaA

Manuel de Codage transliteration of jꜥꜣ.


ḥmt-nṯr

nTr-Hm-t (canonical feminine)
ḥmt-nṯr (singular)
ḥmtj-nṯr (dual)
ḥmwt-nṯr (plural)

From ḥmt (“servant”) + nṯr (“god”) in a direct genitive construction, thus literally ‘servant of the god’. The written form demonstrates honorific transposition.


ḏdft

ḏdft (singular)
ḏdftj (dual)
ḏdfwt (plural)

Akhmimic Coptic: ϫⲉⲧϥⲉ (četfe)

Bohairic Coptic: ϭⲁⲧϥⲓ (catfi)

Fayyumic Coptic: ϫⲉⲧϥⲓ (četfi)

desc

Sahidic Coptic: ϫⲁⲧϥⲉ (čatfe), ϫⲁⲧⲃⲉ (čatbe)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϫⲉⲧϥⲉ (četfe)

From ḏdf (“to form goosebumps, to stand on end”) + -t.

af

N17:N21*p:n-M:a:f-N35B:f-TAw:f-s-M21:M-Hn:f-mn:n:mn:n-t:E1:f-nb:t-pA-i-i-t:nb:t-H_SPACE:x-t:xn-N35C:nb:t-D&d:f:t-I14:Z2:f-qmA-w&t-E29*Z2ss:f-xAst:t*Z1-!-s-U4:a-w-N-zA-Z1:H_SPACE-nw*t:pt-tA:tA:N21*N21-h:r-w-Hr:r:z
tꜣ pn m-ꜥ.f mw.f ṯꜣw.f sm(w).f mnmnt.f nbt pꜣyt nbt ḫnnt nbt ḏdfwt.f ꜥwt.f ḫꜣst smꜣꜥ.w n zꜣ nwt tꜣwj hr.w ḥr.s

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 11–12

This land is in his hand — its water and its wind, its plants and all its cattle, all that flies and all that lands, its creeping creatures and its quadrupeds of the desert, were given to the son of Nut, and the Two Lands (Egypt) are pleased with it.

any crawling legless animal; snake, serpent, worm


qꜣꜣ

q-A-A-q (canonical masculine)
qꜣꜣ (singular)
qꜣꜣwj (dual)
qꜣꜣw (plural)


jpḥ

jpḥ (singular)
jpḥwj (dual)
jpḥw (plural)

pig as an offering, probably specifically a piglet


ꜣpḥ

(hapax) A kind of animal given as an offering. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

m:a-t:n:Z2-Hm-t-Z1-B1:Z2-HASH-HASH-HASH-HASH-V_HASH-Hr-Z1-W-d:n-nw-W-U32-Y1:Z2-A-p-H-W-Z5:Z2ss
m.tn ḥmwt […] ḥr wdnw ꜣpḥw
Behold, maidservants […] are offering up piglets/waterfowl.

c. 1295 BCE – 1186 BCE, The Admonitions of Ipuwer (pLeiden I 344 Recto) 8,12–8.13


ꜣfjw

(uncountable) yield or catch from hunting fish and fowl


ꜣfꜣf

(intransitive, with following n) to acclaim, to praise (someone)


ꜣf

Greco-Roman Period form of of fꜣw (“magnificence, might”)


ḏnd

D:n-d:F2 3-lit. (canonical)
ḏnd (infinitive)
ḏndw (infinitive negative)
ḏnd (infinitive negative)
ḏndt (infinitive)
ḏnd (imperative infinitive singular)
ḏnd (imperative infinitive plural)
ḏnd (stative)
ḥr ḏnd (imperfective)
m ḏnd (imperfective)
r ḏnd (prospective)
ḏnd.n (active perfect)
ḏndw (passive perfect)
ḏnd (passive perfect)
ḏnd.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ḏndt (terminative)
ḏnd (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ḏnd.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ḏnd (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ḏnd (active prospective)
ḏnd (passive prospective)
ḏnd.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ḏnd (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ḏnd.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ḏnd (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ḏnd (active participle perfective)
ḏnd (participle passive perfective)
ḏndw (participle passive perfective)
ḏndy (participle passive perfective)
ḏnd (active imperfective participle relative)
ḏndy (active imperfective participle relative)
ḏndw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ḏnd (active imperfective participle)
ḏndj (active imperfective participle)
ḏndy (active imperfective participle)
ḏnd (imperfective participle passive)
ḏndw (imperfective participle passive)
ḏnd (active participle prospective relative)
ḏndtj (active participle prospective relative)
ḏndtj (participle prospective)
ḏndt (participle prospective)


ḏnd

ḏnd (singular)
ḏndwj (dual)
ḏndw (plural)


skm

s-km-m-Y1V caus. 2-lit. (canonical)
skmt (infinitive)
skm (infinitive)
skmw (infinitive negative)
skm (infinitive negative)
skm (imperative infinitive singular)
skm (imperative infinitive plural)
skm (stative)
ḥr skm (imperfective)
m skm (imperfective)
r skm (prospective)
skm.n (active perfect)
skmw (passive perfect)
skm (passive perfect)
skm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
skmt (terminative)
skm (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
skm.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
skm (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
skmw (active prospective)
skm (active prospective)
skmy (active prospective)
skmw (passive prospective)
skm (passive prospective)
skmy (passive prospective)
skm.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
skm (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
skm.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
skm (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
skm (active participle perfective)
skm (participle passive perfective)
skmw (participle passive perfective)
skmy (participle passive perfective)
skm (active imperfective participle relative)
skmy (active imperfective participle relative)
skmw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
skm (active imperfective participle)
skmj (active imperfective participle)
skmy (active imperfective participle)
skm (imperfective participle passive)
skmw (imperfective participle passive)
skm (active participle prospective relative)
skmtj (active participle prospective relative)
skmwtj (participle prospective)
skmtj (participle prospective)
skmt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

skmt

skmw.tj1, skm.tj1, skmy.tj1, skmw.tw2, skm.tw2, skmy.tw2

s- (causative prefix) + km (“to complete”).

af

(transitive) to spend (a period of time or lifespan) through to the end

(transitive, mathematics) to bring a sum up to a desired value by supplying a missing addend (+ m: in order to sum up to (the desired value))

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to end (a letter)

(transitive) to finish, to put an end to, to destroy (enemies or their spirits, hearts, or limbs)


skm

s-km-m-D3:Y1 caus. 2-lit. (canonical)
skmt (infinitive)
skm (infinitive)
skmw (infinitive negative)
skm (infinitive negative)
skm (imperative infinitive singular)
skm (imperative infinitive plural)
skm (stative)
ḥr skm (imperfective)
m skm (imperfective)
r skm (prospective)
skm.n (active perfect)
skmw (passive perfect)
skm (passive perfect)
skm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
skmt (terminative)
skm (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
skm.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
skm (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
skmw (active prospective)
skm (active prospective)
skmy (active prospective)
skmw (passive prospective)
skm (passive prospective)
skmy (passive prospective)
skm.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
skm (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
skm.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
skm (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
skm (active participle perfective)
skm (participle passive perfective)
skmw (participle passive perfective)
skmy (participle passive perfective)
skm (active imperfective participle relative)
skmy (active imperfective participle relative)
skmw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
skm (active imperfective participle)
skmj (active imperfective participle)
skmy (active imperfective participle)
skm (imperfective participle passive)
skmw (imperfective participle passive)
skm (active participle prospective relative)
skmtj (active participle prospective relative)
skmwtj (participle prospective)
skmtj (participle prospective)
skmt (participle prospective)

(intransitive, of hair) to be(come) grey


ꜣmw

(medicine, uncountable) name of a disease


jw-n-ꜣmw-m-sḫt-sjsj

jw (“island”) + n(j) (“of”) + ꜣmw (“burning”) + m (“in”) + sḫt (“field”) + sjsj (“fire”), thus literally ‘The Isle of Burning in the Field of Fire’.

ii-i-D54-n:k-t:n:y-T14-G41-Y1V-T-p:n-A40-
-ii-i-D54-n:A1-m-N18:Z1*N23-n-A-m-w-Q7-Z3-niwt-m-sxt-t:N23*Z1-s-i-s-i-Q7-niwt-
-anx-n:x-k-i-r:f-m-m-a:H_SPACE-m-N18:N23*Z1-n-A-m-w-Q7-Z3-niwt-m-sxt-t:N23*Z1-s-i-s-i-niwt-
-anx-n:x-A1-m-xt:t*Z1-p-w-i-i-A51-s-y:Y1
jj.n.k tnj ṯpn
jj.n.j m jw-n-ꜣmw-m-sḫt-sjsj
ꜥnḫ.k jr.f m mj m jw-n-ꜣmw-m-sḫt-sjsj

c. 1478 BCE – 1397 BCE, Book of the Dead of Nu (pLondon British Museum EA 10477) chapter 98, lines 6–8

Where have you come from, Tepen?
I have come from the Isle of Burning in the Field of Fire.
So what do you live on in the Isle of Burning in the Field of Fire?
I live on this noble tree.


sḫw

sḫw (singular)
sḫwwj (dual)
sḫww (plural)

From wsḫ (“to be(come) broad, breadth”) + -w (noun-forming suffix). For the loss of initial w- compare ꜥbw from wꜥb.

h-A-D54:k\-w-A1-r-M14-wr-r:N36-m-d:p*t-P1-n:t-mH:a-V1-V20:V20-m-Aw-W-s-!-mH:a-V20:V20-V20:V20-m-s-x-w-D32-s-s-qd-d-A30-A1-V1-V20:V20-i-m-s-m-stp:Y2-n:km-m-t:niwt
hꜣ.kw r wꜣḏ-wr m dpt nt št-mḏwtj mḥ m ꜣw.s ḥmw mḥ m sḫw.s št-mḏwtj sqd jm.s m stp n(j) kmt

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 24–28

I had gone down to the sea in a boat of a hundred twenty cubits in length and forty cubits in breadth, with a hundred twenty sailors in it of the choice of Egypt.


swrd

s-wr:r-d-Xrd-nDs caus. 3-lit. (canonical)
swrd (infinitive)
swrdw (infinitive negative)
swrd (infinitive negative)
swrdt (infinitive)
swrd (imperative infinitive singular)
swrd (imperative infinitive plural)
swrd (stative)
ḥr swrd (imperfective)
m swrd (imperfective)
r swrd (prospective)
swrd.n (active perfect)
swrdw (passive perfect)
swrd (passive perfect)
swrd.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
swrdt (terminative)
swrd (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
swrd.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
swrd (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
swrdw (active prospective)
swrd (active prospective)
swrdy (active prospective)
swrdw (passive prospective)
swrd (passive prospective)
swrdy (passive prospective)
swrd.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
swrd (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
swrd.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
swrd (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
swrd (active participle perfective)
swrd (participle passive perfective)
swrdw (participle passive perfective)
swrdy (participle passive perfective)
swrd (active imperfective participle relative)
swrdy (active imperfective participle relative)
swrdw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
swrd (active imperfective participle)
swrdj (active imperfective participle)
swrdy (active imperfective participle)
swrd (imperfective participle passive)
swrdw (imperfective participle passive)
swrd (active participle prospective relative)
swrdtj (active participle prospective relative)
swrdwtj (participle prospective)
swrdtj (participle prospective)
swrdt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-caus-x-lit

causative triliteral / caus. 3-lit. / caus. 3rad.

egy-conj-table

swrdt

swrdw.tj1, swrd.tj1, swrdy.tj1, swrdw.tw2, swrd.tw2, swrdy.tw2

s- (causative prefix) + wrḏ (“to be(come) weary”). A spelling with ḏ is unattested.

af

ir-r:k\-m-x:r-t:Y2:Z2-ib*Z1:k\-s-wr-r:d-nDs-p-W-D:d-n:k\

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 20–21

Well, do whatever you want (literally, “as your desire”). It’s tiring to talk to you.

(transitive) to weary, to exhaust (someone)


m ꜣmmt

(with attached suffix pronoun) under one’s power, in one’s grasp

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see m, ꜣmmt.


ꜣms-jb

ꜣms (verb with no independent meaning) + jb (“heart, mind”).

(with following n) to be(come) friendly or cordial to


ḏḥꜥ

ḏḥꜥ (singular)
ḏḥꜥwj (dual)
ḏḥꜥw (plural)


sqbḥ

s-q-b-H-W15 caus. 3-lit. (canonical)
sqbḥ (infinitive)
sqbḥw (infinitive negative)
sqbḥ (infinitive negative)
sqbḥt (infinitive)
sqbḥ (imperative infinitive singular)
sqbḥ (imperative infinitive plural)
sqbḥ (stative)
ḥr sqbḥ (imperfective)
m sqbḥ (imperfective)
r sqbḥ (prospective)
sqbḥ.n (active perfect)
sqbḥw (passive perfect)
sqbḥ (passive perfect)
sqbḥ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
sqbḥt (terminative)
sqbḥ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
sqbḥ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
sqbḥ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
sqbḥw (active prospective)
sqbḥ (active prospective)
sqbḥy (active prospective)
sqbḥw (passive prospective)
sqbḥ (passive prospective)
sqbḥy (passive prospective)
sqbḥ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
sqbḥ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
sqbḥ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
sqbḥ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
sqbḥ (active participle perfective)
sqbḥ (participle passive perfective)
sqbḥw (participle passive perfective)
sqbḥy (participle passive perfective)
sqbḥ (active imperfective participle relative)
sqbḥy (active imperfective participle relative)
sqbḥw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
sqbḥ (active imperfective participle)
sqbḥj (active imperfective participle)
sqbḥy (active imperfective participle)
sqbḥ (imperfective participle passive)
sqbḥw (imperfective participle passive)
sqbḥ (active participle prospective relative)
sqbḥtj (active participle prospective relative)
sqbḥwtj (participle prospective)
sqbḥtj (participle prospective)
sqbḥt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

sqbḥt

sqbḥw.tj1, sqbḥ.tj1, sqbḥy.tj1, sqbḥw.tw2, sqbḥ.tw2, sqbḥy.tw2

s- (causative prefix) + qbḥ (“to libate, to purify, to be cool”).

af

(transitive) to refresh (the heart or the dead) (+ m: with (water or offerings))


ꜣḫ n

ꜣḫ (“to be(come) effective, useful, splendid”) + n (“for”).

i-A2-wab-A1-nb-H-Xr-b-A1-nb-Y4-nb-!-p:a:t-Z3-nb:t-rxyt-i-i-t-nb:t-H-m-m-*t*:H_SPACE-N8:Z2ss-nb:t-anx-Z3-tp*Z1:Z2-N17:N21*Z1-!-Z9:t:D54-t:f:y-Hr:Z1-i-iz-s-y:pr-p:n-!-H-Hz-t:n:Z2-mr-i-i-T:n:Z2-nTr:Z2-t:n:Z2-niwt:t-tyw-Z3-wn:N35C-t:n:Z2-tp*Z1:N17:N21*Z1--…--!-d-m-T30-A2-T:n:Z2-r:n-A2-A1-Ax-x:H_SPACE-Y1V-n:t:n:Z2
j wꜥb nb ẖrj-ḥꜣb nb zẖꜣw nb pꜥt nbt rḫyt nbt ḥmmt nbt ꜥnḫw tp(j)w tꜣ swꜣt(j).fj ḥr jzj pn ḥz.tn mry.ṯn nṯrw.tn nwtjw wnn.tn tp tꜣ […] dm.ṯn rn.j ꜣḫ n.tn

c. 1506–1493 BCE (reign of Thutmose I), Memorial stele of the Overseer of the Sculptors Djehuti in his tomb at Kōm el-Aḥmar (Hieraconpolis), lines 18–23

O every cleaner-priest, every lector-priest, every scribe, all patricians, all commoners, all sunfolk, living ones who are on the earth, who will pass by this tomb, you will be favored, you will be loved by your municipal gods so long as you exist on the earth: […] Pronounce my name! It will do you good.

-U3--t:n--n-t:n:Z2--b-i-W10*t:Y1-A1-ir:Z2-mi-t:t-Y1V-i-r:Z2-!-Ax-x:H_SPACE-n-T:n-wAH-H-Y1V-anx-T:n:Z2-tp*Z1:N17-w-DA-A-Y1V-tyw-n:y
[mꜣ].tn [n.tn] bjꜣt.j jr mjtt jr(j) ꜣḫ n.ṯn wꜣḥ ꜥnḫ.ṯn tp(j) tꜣ wḏꜣ.tjwnj

c. 1458 BCE, Second biographical inscription of Ineni, from the second memorial stele of his tomb, lines 12–13

[See] my character and do likewise (lit. do the like concerning it). It will do you good; your life on the earth will endure, so that you are sound.

(with following noun or suffix pronoun) it’ll do (someone) good, it’ll be good/beneficial for (someone)

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see ꜣḫ, n.


ꜣḫ m jb

From ꜣḫ (“to be(come) effective, useful, splendid”) + m (“in”) + jb (“heart”), literally “to be effective in (someone’s) heart”.

ꜣḫ <t:to be(come) effective, useful, splendid>

Ax-x:Y1-n-m-ib*Z1:f-U7:r-A2-n:f-w-A1-r:x:Y1-n:f-q:n-A24-n-A1
ꜣḫ.n(.j) m jb.f mr.n.f wj rḫ.n.f qn.n.j

c. 1859 BCE – 1840 BCE, The Story of Sinuhe, version B (pBerlin 3022 and pAmherst n-q) lines 106–107

I found favor with him and he loved me when he found out how I had prevailed.

(with favoring person attached to jb as possessor) to find favour with (someone), to be(come) thought of highly by (someone)


ꜣḫyt

Ax-x-i-i-t:pr (canonical feminine)
ꜣḫyt (singular)
ꜣḫytj (dual)
ꜣḫywt (plural)

A room of some kind. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:


n jb n

From n (“for”) + jb (“heart, mind”) + n(j) (“of”).

so that, in order that (something happens)


ꜥšꜣ-r

/ʕiˌʃiʀˈɾaʀ/

ꜥšꜣ (“to be(come) numerous”) + r(ꜣ) (“mouth, utterance”), literally ‘to be(come) numerous of mouths/utterances’.


šdw

šdw (singular)
šdwwj (dual)
šdww (plural)


šnꜥw

Sna:a-w-pr (canonical masculine)
šnꜥw (singular)
šnꜥwwj (dual)
šnꜥww (plural)

forced labor camp or workshop, labor establishment, often for captives and slaves

storehouse, magazine, storage space, especially for food (+ genitive: belonging to (someone), for storing (something))


hꜣkr

the Haker-festival, a religious festival celebrated in Abydos


nb-ꜥnḫ

nb-anx-n:x (canonical masculine)
nb-ꜥnḫ (singular)
nbwj-ꜥnḫ (dual)
nbw-ꜥnḫ (plural)

nb (“lord, possessor”) + ꜥnḫ (“life”) in a direct genitive construction, thus literally ‘possessor of life’.

dead person who has successfully completed the transition to the afterlife (and so become ‘living’), especially as an epithet for Osiris


nb-ꜥnḫ

nb-ꜥnḫ (singular)
nbwj-ꜥnḫ (dual)
nbw-ꜥnḫ (plural)


sjn

s-i-in:n-Aa2:N23 3-lit. (canonical)
sjn (infinitive)
sjnw (infinitive negative)
sjn (infinitive negative)
sjnt (infinitive)
sjn (imperative infinitive singular)
sjn (imperative infinitive plural)
sjn (stative)
ḥr sjn (imperfective)
m sjn (imperfective)
r sjn (prospective)
sjn.n (active perfect)
sjnw (passive perfect)
sjn (passive perfect)
sjn.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
sjnt (terminative)
sjn (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
sjn.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
sjn (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
sjn (active prospective)
sjnn (passive prospective)
sjn.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
sjn (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
sjn.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
sjn (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
sjn (active participle perfective)
sjn (participle passive perfective)
sjnw (participle passive perfective)
sjny (participle passive perfective)
sjn (active imperfective participle relative)
sjny (active imperfective participle relative)
sjnw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
sjn (active imperfective participle)
sjnj (active imperfective participle)
sjny (active imperfective participle)
sjn (imperfective participle passive)
sjnw (imperfective participle passive)
sjn (active participle prospective relative)
sjntj (active participle prospective relative)
sjntj (participle prospective)
sjnt (participle prospective)


ꜥḫḫw

Middle Kingdom form of jḫḫw (“twilight, dusk”)


wꜥbt

wꜥbt (singular)
wꜥbtj (dual)
wꜥbwt (plural)


wꜥꜣ

w-aA:a-A-A2 3-lit. (canonical)
wꜥꜣ (infinitive)
wꜥꜣw (infinitive negative)
wꜥꜣ (infinitive negative)
wꜥꜣt (infinitive)
wꜥꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
wꜥꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
wꜥꜣ (stative)
ḥr wꜥꜣ (imperfective)
m wꜥꜣ (imperfective)
r wꜥꜣ (prospective)
wꜥꜣ.n (active perfect)
wꜥꜣw (passive perfect)
wꜥꜣ (passive perfect)
wꜥꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
wꜥꜣt (terminative)
wꜥꜣ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
wꜥꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
wꜥꜣ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
wꜥꜣ (active prospective)
wꜥꜣꜣ (passive prospective)
wꜥꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
wꜥꜣ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
wꜥꜣ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
wꜥꜣ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
wꜥꜣ (active participle perfective)
wꜥꜣ (participle passive perfective)
wꜥꜣw (participle passive perfective)
wꜥꜣy (participle passive perfective)
wꜥꜣ (active imperfective participle relative)
wꜥꜣy (active imperfective participle relative)
wꜥꜣw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
wꜥꜣ (active imperfective participle)
wꜥꜣj (active imperfective participle)
wꜥꜣy (active imperfective participle)
wꜥꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
wꜥꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
wꜥꜣ (active participle prospective relative)
wꜥꜣtj (active participle prospective relative)
wꜥꜣtj (participle prospective)
wꜥꜣt (participle prospective)

Demotic: wꜥy

(From the passive participle:)

⇒ Akhmimic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲁ (oua)

⇒ Bohairic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲁ (oua)

⇒ Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲁ (oua)

(intransitive) to speak evil, to curse or blaspheme (+ ḥr: about, against)

(transitive) to revile (someone or something)


štw

štw (singular)
štwwj (dual)
štww (plural)

Akhmimic Coptic: ϫⲓⲧ (čit)

desc

Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲓⲧⲥ (šits), ϭⲓⲧⲥ (cits)


štw

an evil being that serves as an enemy of Ra


znbt

z:n-b-t-Hz (canonical feminine)
znbt (singular)
znbtj (dual)
znbwt (plural)


šꜣwꜣbtj

šꜣwꜣbtj (singular)
šꜣwꜣbtjwj (dual)
šꜣwꜣbtjw (plural)

→ English: shawabti, shabti, ushabti

→ German: Uschebti

Perhaps from šwꜣb (“persea (tree)”) + -t + -j, with persea perhaps being the material they were originally made from. The Late Period form wšbtj is apparently reshaped by folk etymology from wšb (“to answer”) + -t + -j, thus literally ‘answerer’.


jnr ḥḏ nfr n rwḏt

jnr (“stone”) + ḥḏ (“white”) + nfr (“pleasing, fine”) + n(j) (“of”) + rwḏt (“hard stone”), thus literally ‘fine white stone of hard rock’.


jnr ḥḏ mnḫ n rwḏt

jnr (“stone”) + ḥḏ (“white”) + mnḫ (“effective, worthwhile”) + n(j) (“of”) + rwḏt (“hard stone”), thus literally ‘worthwhile white stone of hard rock’.


rqj jb

From rqj (“to fend off, to oppose”) + jb (“heart”).


rwḏt

rwḏt (singular)
rwḏtj (dual)
rwḏwt (plural)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲣⲁⲟⲩⲧⲉ (raoute)

rwḏ (“to be firm”) + -t. As ‘sandstone’, a shortening of the full phrase jnr ḥḏ nfr n rwḏt (literally “fine white stone of hard rock”); sandstone, despite being relatively soft as far as rocks go, is often harder than limestone, the other principal stone used by the Egyptians for building.


mnḥtj

desc

→ Ancient Greek: θαλλός (thallós, “gift”) (semantic loan)

A borrowing from Semitic; compare Hebrew מִנְחָה (minḥā, “gift offering, afternoon prayer”), Arabic مِنْحَة (minḥa, “gift”), Phoenician 𐤌𐤍𐤇𐤕 (mnḥt), Ge'ez መሐና (mäḥäna).


tmꜣ

tmꜣ (singular)
tmꜣwj (dual)
tmꜣw (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲑⲟⲙ (thom)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲟⲙ (tom)


jwh

E9-w-h-D41:D40 3-lit. (canonical)
jwh (infinitive)
jwhw (infinitive negative)
jwh (infinitive negative)
jwht (infinitive)
jwh (imperative infinitive singular)
jwh (imperative infinitive plural)
jwh (stative)
ḥr jwh (imperfective)
m jwh (imperfective)
r jwh (prospective)
jwh.n (active perfect)
jwhw (passive perfect)
jwh (passive perfect)
jwh.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
jwht (terminative)
jwh (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
jwh.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
jwh (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
jwh (active prospective)
jwhh (passive prospective)
jwh.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
jwh (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
jwh.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
jwh (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
jwh (active participle perfective)
jwh (participle passive perfective)
jwhw (participle passive perfective)
jwhy (participle passive perfective)
jwh (active imperfective participle relative)
jwhy (active imperfective participle relative)
jwhw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
jwh (active imperfective participle)
jwhj (active imperfective participle)
jwhy (active imperfective participle)
jwh (imperfective participle passive)
jwhw (imperfective participle passive)
jwh (active participle prospective relative)
jwhtj (active participle prospective relative)
jwhtj (participle prospective)
jwht (participle prospective)

E9-Z7-h-D41:D40-i-n-sw-Z7-Xnm-m-Z7-G7-m-G41-A-U10:Z2-Z1

c. 1650 BCE – 1550 BCE, Tales from Papyrus Westcar (pWestcar/pBerlin 3033)

Then Khnum loaded himself with the barley.

(transitive or reflexive) to load, to burden (someone) (+ m or ẖr: with (something))

(transitive) to bear, to carry (something)


zꜣ-nht

zꜣ (“son”) + nht (“sycamore”) in a direct genitive construction, thus ‘son of sycamore’.

A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Sinuhe


mHw

Manuel de Codage transliteration of mḥw.


jdḥw

(figuratively) vegetation, plants, especially papyrus or boats made of plants


jqdw

head

<hiero>i-qd-</hiero>

 <hiero>d</hiero>

<hiero>-w-A35</hiero>

i-qd- d -w-A35 (canonical masculine)
jqdw (singular)
jqdwwj (dual)
jqdww (plural)

Coptic: ⲉⲕⲱⲧ (ekōt)

r-di-Hm-f-
--s--f:T-W1-x-w-z-A34-n:*f*-
-i-iz-z-
-i-n-iz-iz-iz-n:t-
-qd-A1-A1-A1
rḏj ḥm.f [s]fṯ ḫwz n[.f] jz jn jzwt nt (j)qdw

6th Dynasty, Giza, Western Cemetery, Shaft G 2188 Y, Block of sunk relief inscription mentioning the dog Abutiu (35-10-22/Cairo JE 67573), lines 6–9

His Majesty gave pine oil and (ordered) that a tomb be built for him by a gang of builders.


nms

nms (singular)
nmswj (dual)
nmsw (plural)

→ English: nemes

From m- (noun-forming prefix) + *ms (“to twist, to weave”) with regular dissimilation of m- to n- before a labial consonant; for the stem, itself unattested, compare the extended verb msn (“to twist, to weave”).


nms

n:T34*m-s-D56-D54 3-lit. (canonical)
nms (infinitive)
nmsw (infinitive negative)
nms (infinitive negative)
nmst (infinitive)
nms (imperative infinitive singular)
nms (imperative infinitive plural)
nms (stative)
ḥr nms (imperfective)
m nms (imperfective)
r nms (prospective)
nms.n (active perfect)
nmsw (passive perfect)
nms (passive perfect)
nms.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
nmst (terminative)
nms (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
nms.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
nms (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
nms (active prospective)
nmss (passive prospective)
nms.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
nms (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
nms.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
nms (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
nms (active participle perfective)
nms (participle passive perfective)
nmsw (participle passive perfective)
nmsy (participle passive perfective)
nms (active imperfective participle relative)
nmsy (active imperfective participle relative)
nmsw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
nms (active imperfective participle)
nmsj (active imperfective participle)
nmsy (active imperfective participle)
nms (imperfective participle passive)
nmsw (imperfective participle passive)
nms (active participle prospective relative)
nmstj (active participle prospective relative)
nmstj (participle prospective)
nmst (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to come, to arrive (+ n: to (someone))


ẖnmw-ḥtp

ẖnmw (“Khnum”) + ḥtp (“to be content”) + (.w) (masculine singular stative ending), thus ‘Khnum is content’.


r ẖnw

Coptic: ⲉϧⲟⲩⲛ (exoun) (Bohairic), ⲉϩⲟⲩⲛ (ehoun) (Sahidic)


tkAw

Manuel de Codage transliteration of tkꜣw.


tkA

Manuel de Codage transliteration of tkꜣ.


kAp

Manuel de Codage transliteration of kꜣp.


kApw

Manuel de Codage transliteration of kꜣpw.


tkꜣ

t:kA-Q7 3-lit. (canonical)
tkꜣ (infinitive)
tkꜣw (infinitive negative)
tkꜣ (infinitive negative)
tkꜣt (infinitive)
tkꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
tkꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
tkꜣ (stative)
ḥr tkꜣ (imperfective)
m tkꜣ (imperfective)
r tkꜣ (prospective)
tkꜣ.n (active perfect)
tkꜣw (passive perfect)
tkꜣ (passive perfect)
tkꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
tkꜣt (terminative)
tkꜣ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
tkꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
tkꜣ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
tkꜣ (active prospective)
tkꜣꜣ (passive prospective)
tkꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
tkꜣ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
tkꜣ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
tkꜣ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
tkꜣ (active participle perfective)
tkꜣ (participle passive perfective)
tkꜣw (participle passive perfective)
tkꜣy (participle passive perfective)
tkꜣ (active imperfective participle relative)
tkꜣy (active imperfective participle relative)
tkꜣw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
tkꜣ (active imperfective participle)
tkꜣj (active imperfective participle)
tkꜣy (active imperfective participle)
tkꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
tkꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
tkꜣ (active participle prospective relative)
tkꜣtj (active participle prospective relative)
tkꜣtj (participle prospective)
tkꜣt (participle prospective)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲕ (tōk), Bohairic Coptic: ⲑⲱⲕ (thōk)

(transitive) to burn, to light, to illuminate


imAx

Manuel de Codage transliteration of jmꜣḫ.


pzḫ

p:z-x:D54 3-lit. (canonical)
pzḫ (infinitive)
pzḫw (infinitive negative)
pzḫ (infinitive negative)
pzḫt (infinitive)
pzḫ (imperative infinitive singular)
pzḫ (imperative infinitive plural)
pzḫ (stative)
ḥr pzḫ (imperfective)
m pzḫ (imperfective)
r pzḫ (prospective)
pzḫ.n (active perfect)
pzḫ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
pzḫt (active terminative)
pzḫ (active perfective)
pzḫ.ḫr (active obligative)
pzḫ (active imperfective)
pzḫ (active prospective)
pzḫ.kꜣ (active potential)
pzḫ (active subjunctive)
pzḫ.n (active participle perfect)
pzḫ (active participle perfective)
pzḫ (participle passive perfective)
pzḫw (participle passive perfective)
pzḫy (participle passive perfective)
pzḫ (active imperfective participle)
pzḫy (active imperfective participle)
pzḫw (active imperfective participle)
pzḫj (active imperfective participle)
pzḫ (imperfective participle passive)
pzḫw (imperfective participle passive)
pzḫ (active participle prospective)
pzḫtj (active participle prospective)
pzḫtj (participle prospective)
pzḫt (participle prospective)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲡⲱⲥⳉ (pōsx)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲡⲱϣⲥ (pōšs)


mnṯw-ḥtp

mnṯw (“Montu”) + ḥtp (“to be content”) + (.w) (masculine singular stative ending), thus ‘Montu is content’.


siA

Manuel de Codage transliteration of sjꜣ.


ntb

ntb (infinitive)
ntbw (infinitive negative)
ntb (infinitive negative)
ntbt (infinitive)
ntb (imperative infinitive singular)
ntb (imperative infinitive plural)
ntb (stative)
ḥr ntb (imperfective)
m ntb (imperfective)
r ntb (prospective)
ntb.n (active perfect)
ntbw (passive perfect)
ntb (passive perfect)
ntb.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ntbt (terminative)
ntb (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ntb.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ntb (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ntb (active prospective)
ntbb (passive prospective)
ntb.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ntb (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ntb.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ntb (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ntb (active participle perfective)
ntb (participle passive perfective)
ntbw (participle passive perfective)
ntby (participle passive perfective)
ntb (active imperfective participle relative)
ntby (active imperfective participle relative)
ntbw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ntb (active imperfective participle)
ntbj (active imperfective participle)
ntby (active imperfective participle)
ntb (imperfective participle passive)
ntbw (imperfective participle passive)
ntb (active participle prospective relative)
ntbtj (active participle prospective relative)
ntbtj (participle prospective)
ntbt (participle prospective)

x:r-A15:n-i-b-E8-t-A2-A-s-V2:D54-n:f-w-!-n:t-b-Z6-k\-w-A1-x:x-F11-A1-x-m-w-P5
ḫr.n jbt ꜣs.n.f w(j) ntb.kw ḫḫ.j ḫm.w

c. 1859 BCE – 1840 BCE, The Story of Sinuhe, version B (pBerlin 3022 and pAmherst n-q) lines 21–22

Thirst fell and overtook me so that I was parched and my throat was like dust.


hd

h:d-D41:D40 2-lit. (canonical)
hd (infinitive)
hdw (infinitive negative)
hd (infinitive negative)
hdt (infinitive)
hd (imperative infinitive singular)
j.hd (imperative infinitive singular)
hd (imperative infinitive plural)
j.hd (imperative infinitive plural)
hd (stative)
ḥr hd (imperfective)
m hd (imperfective)
r hd (prospective)
hd.n (active perfect)
hdw (passive perfect)
hd (passive perfect)
hd.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
hdt (terminative)
hd (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
hd.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
hd (active imperfective)
j.hd (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
hd (active prospective)
hdd (passive prospective)
hd.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
hd (active subjunctive)
j.hd (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
hd.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
hd (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
hd (active participle perfective)
hdd (participle passive perfective)
hddj (participle passive perfective)
hd (participle passive perfective)
hdw (participle passive perfective)
hdy (participle passive perfective)
j.hd (active imperfective participle relative)
hd (active imperfective participle relative)
hdy (active imperfective participle relative)
hdw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
j.hd (active imperfective participle)
j.hdw (active imperfective participle)
hd (active imperfective participle)
hdj (active imperfective participle)
hdy (active imperfective participle)
hd (imperfective participle passive)
hdw (imperfective participle passive)
hd (active participle prospective relative)
hdtj (active participle prospective relative)
hdtj (participle prospective)
hdt (participle prospective)

to oppose, to confront, to attack, to punish


𓎯

Representing a sealed oil-jar with tied ends, a later development of 𓎰 (W2).


𓎰

Representing a sealed oil-jar without tied ends. Old Kingdom forms of this glyph often omit the seal on top and sometimes show alabaster veining.
According to Fischer, since the Middle Kingdom the oil-jar with tied ends W1 (𓎯) has also been used in place of this glyph.

Triliteral phonogram for bꜣs, as in bꜣstt (“(cat-goddess) Bastet”).

Determinative for jar, as in bꜣs (“jar”).


bꜣs

bꜣs (singular)
bꜣswj (dual)
bꜣsw (plural)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲃⲁⲥ (bas)


𓎱

Representing an alabaster bowl used in purifications.

Determinative for alabaster, as in šs (“alabaster”).

Phonogram for ḥꜣb, as in ḥꜣbj (“to mourn”).

Determinative for feast, as in psḏntjw (“new-moon festival”), wꜣg (“wag-festival”).


𓏃

Representing three water-pots in a rack.


𓏅

Representing four water-pots in a rack.
Old Kingdom variant of W17 (𓏃).


𓏌

Determinative for pot as an alternative to W22 (𓏊) and W23 (𓏋).

Phonetic determinative
phonetic determinative#English

Phonetic determinative for ḏꜣḏꜣ, as in ḏꜣḏꜣt (“council”).

Phonetic determinative for qd, as in qd (“to build”).

Phonetic determinative for nḏ, as in nḏ (“to protect”).

Phonetic determinative for nḫb, as in nḫbt (“Nekhbet”).

Part of the combination nw:N35B, a logogram for m ẖnw (“in”).


𓏝

Representing a papyrus roll, tied and sealed. Since the Middle Kingdom, the roll with tied ends Y1 (𓏛) has been used in place of this glyph.

Determinative for writing and written things, as in zẖꜣ (“to write”), mdwt (“words”).

Determinative for abstract notions, as in mꜣꜥt (“truth”), rḫ (“to know”).


𓏛

Representing a papyrus roll, tied and sealed, showing the ends of the strings; a later development of Y2 (𓏝). Sometimes oriented vertically, Y1V (𓏜).

Logogram for dmḏ (“total”) (in mathematical books and accounts).


bAt

Manuel de Codage transliteration of bꜣt.


tSA

Manuel de Codage transliteration of tšꜣ.


tšꜣ

t:SA-Z9:D36 3-lit. (canonical)
tšꜣ (infinitive)
tšꜣw (infinitive negative)
tšꜣ (infinitive negative)
tšꜣt (infinitive)
tšꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
tšꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
tšꜣ (stative)
ḥr tšꜣ (imperfective)
m tšꜣ (imperfective)
r tšꜣ (prospective)
tšꜣ.n (active perfect)
tšꜣw (passive perfect)
tšꜣ (passive perfect)
tšꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
tšꜣt (terminative)
tšꜣ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
tšꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
tšꜣ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
tšꜣ (active prospective)
tšꜣꜣ (passive prospective)
tšꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
tšꜣ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
tšꜣ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
tšꜣ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
tšꜣ (active participle perfective)
tšꜣ (participle passive perfective)
tšꜣw (participle passive perfective)
tšꜣy (participle passive perfective)
tšꜣ (active imperfective participle relative)
tšꜣy (active imperfective participle relative)
tšꜣw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
tšꜣ (active imperfective participle)
tšꜣj (active imperfective participle)
tšꜣy (active imperfective participle)
tšꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
tšꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
tšꜣ (active participle prospective relative)
tšꜣtj (active participle prospective relative)
tšꜣtj (participle prospective)
tšꜣt (participle prospective)

Coptic: ⲧⲱϣ (tōš)

i-a:N35B-Hr*Z1:p-w-t:SA-Z9:D36-wp:t*Z1-Z2:D35-aHa-a:D54-n:t*W-m-h-A-W:H_SPACE-Y1:Z2-f

c. 1859 BCE – 1840 BCE, The Story of Sinuhe, version B (pBerlin 3022 and pAmherst n-q) lines 55–56

He is one who takes vengeance (literally, “one who washes the face”), one who smashes brows; one cannot stand in his vicinity.


ḥts

ḥts (singular)
ḥtswj (dual)
ḥtsw (plural)


𓌔

Representing a composite bow currently not in use, thus showing the middle tied to the bowstring.


𓌒

Aramaic: 𐡔 (š)

Classical Syriac: ܫ

Arabic: س (s)

Hebrew: ש (s, sh)

Representing an archer’s bow consisting of two oryx horns joined by a wooden centerpiece. Compare the Chinese character 弓. The phonogrammatic value of pḏ is derived by the rebus principle from its use as the logogram for pḏt (“bow”).

Biliteral phonogram for pḏ or (later) pd, as in pḏ (“stretch”).

Determinative for words relating to bows.


ḏbꜥwt

ḏbꜥwt (singular)
ḏbꜥwtj (dual)
ḏbꜥwwt (plural)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲃ̄ⲃⲉ (tb̄be)

desc

→ Hebrew: טַבַּעַת

→ Hebrew: טַבַּעַת

/d͡ʒɛbɑːuːt/


𓐑

Representing perhaps a part of the steering gear of ships.

Biliteral phonogram for ḥp, as in ḥp (“Apis”), ḥpy (“Hapy”), ḥpt (“steering oar”).


ḥjpt

ḥjpt (singular)
ḥjptj (dual)
ḥjpwt (plural)

ḥjp (“to hasten”) + -t (feminine ending).


jmꜣt

jmꜣt (singular)
jmꜣtj (dual)
jmꜣwt (plural)

From jmꜣ (“to be(come) kindly, friendly, or gracious”) + -t.

jmꜣ <t:to be(come) kindly, friendly, or gracious>

kindness, friendliness, graciousness, charm

belovedness, well-likedness, favor (+ genitive: possessed by (someone))


jmꜣt

i-mA-t (canonical feminine)
jmꜣt (singular)
jmꜣtj (dual)
jmꜣwt (plural)

Probably from jꜣm (“to bind for sacrifice”) + -t.


ḥjp

Aa5:p-D54 3-lit. (canonical)
ḥjp (infinitive)
ḥjpw (infinitive negative)
ḥjp (infinitive negative)
ḥjpt (infinitive)
ḥjp (imperative infinitive singular)
ḥjp (imperative infinitive plural)
ḥjp (stative)
ḥr ḥjp (imperfective)
m ḥjp (imperfective)
r ḥjp (prospective)
ḥjp.n (active perfect)
ḥjpw (passive perfect)
ḥjp (passive perfect)
ḥjp.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ḥjpt (terminative)
ḥjp (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ḥjp.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ḥjp (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ḥjp (active prospective)
ḥjpp (passive prospective)
ḥjp.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ḥjp (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ḥjp.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ḥjp (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ḥjp (active participle perfective)
ḥjp (participle passive perfective)
ḥjpw (participle passive perfective)
ḥjpy (participle passive perfective)
ḥjp (active imperfective participle relative)
ḥjpy (active imperfective participle relative)
ḥjpw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ḥjp (active imperfective participle)
ḥjpj (active imperfective participle)
ḥjpy (active imperfective participle)
ḥjp (imperfective participle passive)
ḥjpw (imperfective participle passive)
ḥjp (active participle prospective relative)
ḥjptj (active participle prospective relative)
ḥjptj (participle prospective)
ḥjpt (participle prospective)


tjtj

t-i-t-i-D54 4ae inf. (canonical)
tjt (infinitive)
tjtw (infinitive negative)
tjtyw (infinitive negative)
tjt (infinitive negative)
tjtt (infinitive)
tjtwt (infinitive)
tjtyt (infinitive)
tjt (imperative infinitive singular)
tjt (imperative infinitive plural)
tjty (imperative infinitive plural)
tjt (stative)
ḥr tjt (imperfective)
m tjt (imperfective)
r tjt (prospective)
tjt.n (active perfect)
tjtw (passive perfect)
tjt (passive perfect)
tjty (passive perfect)
tjt.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
tjtt (terminative)
tjt (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
tjt.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
tjt (active imperfective)
tjty (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
tjtw (active prospective)
tjt (active prospective)
tjty (active prospective)
tjtt (passive prospective)
tjt.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
tjt (active subjunctive)
tjty (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
tjt.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
tjtw (active participle perfective relative)
tjty (active participle perfective relative)
tjt (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
tjt (active participle perfective)
tjty (participle passive perfective)
tjt (participle passive perfective)
tjtt (active imperfective participle relative)
tjtty (active imperfective participle relative)
tjttw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
tjtt (active imperfective participle)
tjttj (active imperfective participle)
tjtty (active imperfective participle)
tjtt (imperfective participle passive)
tjttw (imperfective participle passive)
tjtw (active participle prospective relative)
tjty (active participle prospective relative)
tjt (active participle prospective relative)
tjttj (active participle prospective relative)
tjtwtj (participle prospective)
tjttj (participle prospective)
tjtt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

tjtt

tjtw.tj1, tjt.tj1, tjty.tj1, tjtw.tw2, tjt.tw2, tjty.tw2

Bohairic Coptic: ϯϯ (titi)


𓐟

Representing a lid. Since the Middle Kingdom, Aa18 (𓐠) has been used in place of this glyph.


𓐠

Representing a lid; a later development of Aa17 (𓐟).

(group-writing) The group Aa18:Z1 or Aa18 constitutes a uniliteral phonogram for s.


𓐢

Triliteral phonogram for ꜥpr, as in ꜥpr (“to equip”).


XpA

Manuel de Codage transliteration of ẖpꜣ.


XpAw

Manuel de Codage transliteration of ẖpꜣw.


mtw

From ḥnꜥ + ntf and similarly + nts, + ntk, + ntṯ, etc., with the final sound in each case reinterpreted as the corresponding suffix pronoun (thus -f in ḥnꜥ ntf as suffixal .f) and so treated separately.

(Late Egyptian, with attached suffix pronoun and following infinitive) forms the conjunctive


ḥnꜥ-ḏd

/hɛnɑː d͡ʒɛd/

ḥnꜥ (“together with, and”) + ḏd (“speaking”).

af

(Late Egyptian) and furthermore; introduces a new subject in a letter, or else the proper text of the letter after any introductory formulae


jrm

Demotic: jrm

Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲉⲙ (nem)

desc

Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲛ̄ (mn̄), ⲛⲙ̄ⲙⲁ⸗ (nm̄ma⸗)

Contracted from earlier r mn (“together with”), from still earlier r mn m (“up to, as far as”, literally “to remain in”).

(Late Egyptian) together with, along with, with (comitative)

(Late Egyptian, less commonly) and, in addition to


ḏꜣḏꜣw

Coptic: ϫⲱ (čō), ϫⲟⲩ (čou)

/d͡ʒɑd͡ʒɑuː/

Perhaps related to ḏꜣḏꜣ (“head”). Compare the development of German Kopf, French tête, English noggin, each meaning ‘head’ from earlier ‘mug’/‘pot’.

pot (used for mixing drugs, burning fumigants, storing honey, etc.)


nfryt r

From nfryt (“end, limit”) + r (“regarding, to, towards”).


twn

egy-pron

t-W-t:n:Z2 pl 2. enclitic (‘dependent’) pronoun

t-W-t:n:Z2 pl 2. enclitic pronoun (canonical)


m-jr

Coptic: ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄- (m̄pr̄-)

m (imperative of jmj (“to not do”)) + jr (negatival complement of jrj (“to do”)).

af

imperative of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">jmj</i> (“to not do”)

negatival complement of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">jrj</i> (“to do”)

(Late Egyptian, with following infinitive) don’t; forms the negative imperative (prohibitive)


m-jr-djt

⇒ Coptic: ⲙ̄ⲡⲣ̄ⲧⲣⲉ- (m̄pr̄tre-)

m-jr (negative imperative auxiliary) + djt (infinitive of rḏj (“to give”)).

infinitive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">rḏj</i> (“to give”)

(Late Egyptian, with following subjunctive) don’t let …, don’t make…; forms the negative causative imperative


m-dyt

m (imperative of jmj (“to not do”)) + dyt (probably the infinitive of rḏj (“to give”)). The second element takes a written form that differs considerably from the ordinary forms of the infinitive of rḏj but despite this is probably best considered the infinitive.

probably the infinitive of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">rḏj</i> (“to give”)


ꜥẖmw nw ꜣḫt

ꜥẖmw (“falcons, cultic images”) + nw (“of”) + ꜣḫt (“place of sunrise”).

(plural only, hapax) Some sort of images found in a royal morning audience hall. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

paintings of animals and plants reacting to the rising of the sun

r:a-k-w-A1-r:pr-sw-t:n-zA-A1-A50-s-s-Y1:Z2-i-m-f-!-s-q:b-b-W-y-wab-mw-pr-i-m-f:a:X-m-N33C*Z2ss:nw*Z1-Axt-t:pr
rdj.kw r pr zꜣ-nswt špssw jm.f sqbbwj jm.f ꜥẖmw nw ꜣḫt […]

c. 1859 BCE – 1840 BCE, The Story of Sinuhe, version B (pBerlin 3022 and pAmherst n-q) line 286–287

I was put in a prince’s house with finery in it, a room of refreshment in it, and cultic images of the Akhet, […]


tꜣ-ꜣḫtjw

tꜣ (“land”) + ꜣḫtj (“Akhet-dweller”) + -w (plural suffix) in a direct genitive construction, thus literally ‘land of the Akhet-dwellers’.

a distant land described as a source of dwarfs


ꜣs jb

ꜣs (“to rush, make haste”) + jb (“heart, mind”).


ꜣsbyw

ꜣzb (“to glow fiercely, to burn”) + -y + -w.


t ꜣšr

t ꜣšr (singular)
twj ꜣšrwj (dual)
tw ꜣšrw (plural)


ꜣqw

ꜣq (“to perish, to fall to ruin, to wane”) + -w.


ꜣḫfḫf

A-x:f-x:f-Q7 5-lit. (canonical)
ꜣḫfḫf (infinitive)
ꜣḫfḫfw (infinitive negative)
ꜣḫfḫf (infinitive negative)
ꜣḫfḫft (infinitive)
ꜣḫfḫf (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜣḫfḫf (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜣḫfḫf (stative)
ḥr ꜣḫfḫf (imperfective)
m ꜣḫfḫf (imperfective)
r ꜣḫfḫf (prospective)
ꜣḫfḫf.n (active perfect)
ꜣḫfḫf.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ꜣḫfḫft (active terminative)
ꜣḫfḫf (active perfective)
ꜣḫfḫf.ḫr (active obligative)
ꜣḫfḫf (active imperfective)
ꜣḫfḫfw (active prospective)
ꜣḫfḫf (active prospective)
ꜣḫfḫf.kꜣ (active potential)
ꜣḫfḫf (active subjunctive)
ꜣḫfḫf.n (active participle perfect)
ꜣḫfḫf (active participle perfective)
ꜣḫfḫf (participle passive perfective)
ꜣḫfḫfw (participle passive perfective)
ꜣḫfḫfy (participle passive perfective)
ꜣḫfḫf (active imperfective participle)
ꜣḫfḫfy (active imperfective participle)
ꜣḫfḫfw (active imperfective participle)
ꜣḫfḫfj (active imperfective participle)
ꜣḫfḫf (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣḫfḫfw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣḫfḫf (active participle prospective)
ꜣḫfḫftj (active participle prospective)
ꜣḫfḫfwtj (participle prospective)
ꜣḫfḫftj (participle prospective)
ꜣḫfḫft (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

ꜣḫfḫft

ꜣḫfḫfw, ꜣḫfḫf

ꜣḫfḫfw, ꜣḫfḫf

ꜣḫfḫfw, ꜣḫfḫf

ꜣḫfḫfw, ꜣḫfḫf

ꜣḫfḫfw.tj1, ꜣḫfḫf.tj1, ꜣḫfḫfw.tw2, ꜣḫfḫf.tw2

Perhaps a reduplication of ꜣḫf (“burning appetite”). Compare also ḫfꜣj (“to illuminate”).

rdp

(intransitive, of the eyes) to be fiery, to blaze


jꜣs

i-A-s-A28 3-lit. (canonical)
jꜣs (infinitive)
jꜣsw (infinitive negative)
jꜣs (infinitive negative)
jꜣst (infinitive)
jꜣs (imperative infinitive singular)
jꜣs (imperative infinitive plural)
jꜣs (stative)
ḥr jꜣs (imperfective)
m jꜣs (imperfective)
r jꜣs (prospective)
jꜣs.n (active perfect)
jꜣs.jn (active consecutive contingent)
jꜣst (active terminative)
jꜣs (active perfective)
jꜣs.ḫr (active obligative)
jꜣs (active imperfective)
jꜣs (active prospective)
jꜣs.kꜣ (active potential)
jꜣs (active subjunctive)
jꜣs.n (active participle perfect)
jꜣs (active participle perfective)
jꜣs (participle passive perfective)
jꜣsw (participle passive perfective)
jꜣsy (participle passive perfective)
jꜣs (active imperfective participle)
jꜣsy (active imperfective participle)
jꜣsw (active imperfective participle)
jꜣsj (active imperfective participle)
jꜣs (imperfective participle passive)
jꜣsw (imperfective participle passive)
jꜣs (active participle prospective)
jꜣstj (active participle prospective)
jꜣstj (participle prospective)
jꜣst (participle prospective)

desc

⇒ Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲥ (ous, “bald person”)


ꜣzb

A-z-b-F3 3-lit. (canonical)
ꜣzb (infinitive)
ꜣzbw (infinitive negative)
ꜣzb (infinitive negative)
ꜣzbt (infinitive)
ꜣzb (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜣzb (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜣzb (stative)
ḥr ꜣzb (imperfective)
m ꜣzb (imperfective)
r ꜣzb (prospective)
ꜣzb.n (active perfect)
ꜣzb.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ꜣzbt (active terminative)
ꜣzb (active perfective)
ꜣzb.ḫr (active obligative)
ꜣzb (active imperfective)
ꜣzb (active prospective)
ꜣzb.kꜣ (active potential)
ꜣzb (active subjunctive)
ꜣzb.n (active participle perfect)
ꜣzb (active participle perfective)
ꜣzb (participle passive perfective)
ꜣzbw (participle passive perfective)
ꜣzby (participle passive perfective)
ꜣzb (active imperfective participle)
ꜣzby (active imperfective participle)
ꜣzbw (active imperfective participle)
ꜣzbj (active imperfective participle)
ꜣzb (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣzbw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣzb (active participle prospective)
ꜣzbtj (active participle prospective)
ꜣzbtj (participle prospective)
ꜣzbt (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to glow fiercely, to burn


jqḥw

jqḥw (singular)
jqḥwwj (dual)
jqḥww (plural)

Perhaps compare qḥ (“to break stones”), qḥqḥ (“to hammer”), if not jqḥ (“to enter, to illuminate”).

(figuratively) military strikeforce as an extension of royal power


wḏꜣ jb

wḏꜣ (“to be(come) sound or hale”) + jb (“heart, mind”).

af

(literally) to have one’s heart/mind be in a good mental and physical state

w-U29-A-Y2-ib*Z1:k\-HAt:a-A1-m-a:k\-pH:D54-n:n:Z2-Xn:n-nw-w-pr
wḏꜣ jb.k ḥꜣt(j)-ꜥ m.k pḥ.n.n ẖnw

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 1–3

Satisfy yourself (literally, “May your heart be sound”), high official: look, we have reached home.

to satisfy or content oneself with a piece of information; used formulaically to introduce messages and news


ꜣk

A-k:a 2-lit. (canonical)
ꜣk (infinitive)
ꜣkw (infinitive negative)
ꜣk (infinitive negative)
ꜣkt (infinitive)
ꜣk (imperative infinitive singular)
j.ꜣk (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜣk (imperative infinitive plural)
j.ꜣk (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜣk (stative)
ḥr ꜣk (imperfective)
m ꜣk (imperfective)
r ꜣk (prospective)
ꜣk.n (active perfect)
ꜣk.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ꜣkt (active terminative)
ꜣk (active perfective)
ꜣk.ḫr (active obligative)
ꜣk (active imperfective)
ꜣkw (active prospective)
ꜣk (active prospective)
ꜣk.kꜣ (active potential)
ꜣk (active subjunctive)
ꜣk.n (active participle perfect)
ꜣk (active participle perfective)
ꜣk (participle passive perfective)
ꜣkw (participle passive perfective)
ꜣky (participle passive perfective)
ꜣk (active imperfective participle)
ꜣky (active imperfective participle)
ꜣkw (active imperfective participle)
ꜣkj (active imperfective participle)
ꜣk (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣkw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣk (active participle prospective)
ꜣktj (active participle prospective)
ꜣktj (participle prospective)
ꜣkt (participle prospective)

(intransitive, hapax, of the elbow) to be(come) bent, to bend


ꜣṯj

A-T-B5 3ae inf. (canonical)
ꜣṯt (infinitive)
ꜣṯj (infinitive)
ꜣṯw (infinitive negative)
ꜣṯ (infinitive negative)
ꜣṯwt (infinitive)
ꜣṯyt (infinitive)
ꜣṯ (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜣṯ (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜣṯy (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜣṯ (stative)
ꜣṯṯ (stative)
ḥr ꜣṯt (imperfective)
ḥr ꜣṯj (imperfective)
m ꜣṯt (imperfective)
m ꜣṯj (imperfective)
r ꜣṯt (prospective)
r ꜣṯj (prospective)
ꜣṯ.n (active perfect)
ꜣṯw (passive perfect)
ꜣṯ (passive perfect)
ꜣṯy (passive perfect)
ꜣṯ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ꜣṯt (terminative)
ꜣṯyt (terminative)
ꜣṯ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ꜣṯ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ꜣṯ (active imperfective)
ꜣṯy (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ꜣṯw (active prospective)
ꜣṯ (active prospective)
ꜣṯy (active prospective)
ꜣṯw (passive prospective)
ꜣṯ (passive prospective)
ꜣṯy (passive prospective)
ꜣṯ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ꜣṯ (active subjunctive)
ꜣṯy (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ꜣṯ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ꜣṯw (active participle perfective relative)
ꜣṯy (active participle perfective relative)
ꜣṯ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ꜣṯ (active participle perfective)
ꜣṯy (participle passive perfective)
ꜣṯ (participle passive perfective)
ꜣṯṯ (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜣṯṯy (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜣṯṯw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ꜣṯṯ (active imperfective participle)
ꜣṯṯj (active imperfective participle)
ꜣṯṯy (active imperfective participle)
ꜣṯṯ (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣṯṯw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣṯw (active participle prospective relative)
ꜣṯy (active participle prospective relative)
ꜣṯ (active participle prospective relative)
ꜣṯtj (active participle prospective relative)
ꜣṯwtj (participle prospective)
ꜣṯtj (participle prospective)
ꜣṯt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

ꜣṯt, ꜣṯyt

ḥr ꜣṯt, ḥr ꜣṯj

ꜣṯw, ꜣṯ, ꜣṯy

ꜣṯw, ꜣṯ, ꜣṯy

ꜣṯw, ꜣṯ, ꜣṯy

ꜣṯw.tj1, ꜣṯ.tj1, ꜣṯy.tj1, ꜣṯw.tw2, ꜣṯ.tw2, ꜣṯy.tw2

ꜣṯw1, ꜣṯy, ꜣṯ

ꜣṯṯ, ꜣṯṯy, ꜣṯṯw5

ꜣṯṯ, ꜣṯṯj6, ꜣṯṯy6

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.
# Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">-y</i> instead of the expected stative ending.

(transitive) to take care of, to nourish


ꜣtyt

ꜣtyt (singular)
ꜣtytj (dual)
ꜣtywt (plural)

Alternative form of ꜣṯyt (“nanny, nurse”)


ꜣtjwt

A-ti-i-W:t-xt (canonical feminine)
ꜣtjwt (singular)
ꜣtjwtj (dual)
ꜣtjwwt (plural)


qꜣr

qꜣr (singular)
qꜣrwj (dual)
qꜣrw (plural)


ꜣṯpw

(figurative) something wearisome or oppressive, burden


ꜣtpwt

ꜣtpwt (singular)
ꜣtpwtj (dual)
ꜣtpwwt (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲧⲫⲱ (etphō)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲧⲡⲱ (etpō)

ꜣṯp + -w + -t. A form with the original -ṯ- as the second radical is unattested for this word.


ATp

Manuel de Codage transliteration of ꜣṯp.


ꜣd jb r

ꜣd (“to be aggressive or angry”) + jb (“heart, mind”) + r (“regarding, against”).

af

i-r-gm-m-k\-DA-A-i-s-w-A2-A1-m-A-t:Z5-ra:f-!-m-H-wr-r-w-nDs:A1-D35-i-s-mi-t-w-A1:k\-!-m-A-d-I3-ib-Z1-k\-r:f-x*t:f-X:z-z:nDs:f-!-i-Aa16-m:a-sw-w-r:tA-N23-Z1-U35-A24-f:n-f:D-z:f
jr gm.k ḏꜣjsw m ꜣt.f m ḥwrw nj js mjtw.k m ꜣd(w) jb.k r.f ḫft ẖzz.f jmj sw r tꜣ ḫsf.f n.f ḏs.f

c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Ptahhotep (pPrisse/pBN 186–194) lines 6.1–6.2 (74–77)

If you find a disputant in the act who is an inferior and not your equal, don’t let yourself rage at him in accordance with his being wretched; set him aside (literally, “to the earth”) and he himself will punish himself.


wbd

w-b-d-Q7 3-lit. (canonical)
wbd (infinitive)
wbdw (infinitive negative)
wbd (infinitive negative)
wbdt (infinitive)
wbd (imperative infinitive singular)
wbd (imperative infinitive plural)
wbd (stative)
ḥr wbd (imperfective)
m wbd (imperfective)
r wbd (prospective)
wbd.n (active perfect)
wbdw (passive perfect)
wbd (passive perfect)
wbd.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
wbdt (terminative)
wbd (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
wbd.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
wbd (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
wbd (active prospective)
wbdd (passive prospective)
wbd.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
wbd (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
wbd.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
wbd (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
wbd (active participle perfective)
wbd (participle passive perfective)
wbdw (participle passive perfective)
wbdy (participle passive perfective)
wbd (active imperfective participle relative)
wbdy (active imperfective participle relative)
wbdw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
wbd (active imperfective participle)
wbdj (active imperfective participle)
wbdy (active imperfective participle)
wbd (imperfective participle passive)
wbdw (imperfective participle passive)
wbd (active participle prospective relative)
wbdtj (active participle prospective relative)
wbdtj (participle prospective)
wbdt (participle prospective)


wḏb

V24-b-F46:D54 3-lit. (canonical)
wḏb (infinitive)
wḏbw (infinitive negative)
wḏb (infinitive negative)
wḏbt (infinitive)
wḏb (imperative infinitive singular)
wḏb (imperative infinitive plural)
wḏb (stative)
ḥr wḏb (imperfective)
m wḏb (imperfective)
r wḏb (prospective)
wḏb.n (active perfect)
wḏbw (passive perfect)
wḏb (passive perfect)
wḏb.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
wḏbt (terminative)
wḏb (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
wḏb.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
wḏb (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
wḏb (active prospective)
wḏbb (passive prospective)
wḏb.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
wḏb (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
wḏb.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
wḏb (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
wḏb (active participle perfective)
wḏb (participle passive perfective)
wḏbw (participle passive perfective)
wḏby (participle passive perfective)
wḏb (active imperfective participle relative)
wḏby (active imperfective participle relative)
wḏbw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
wḏb (active imperfective participle)
wḏbj (active imperfective participle)
wḏby (active imperfective participle)
wḏb (imperfective participle passive)
wḏbw (imperfective participle passive)
wḏb (active participle prospective relative)
wḏbtj (active participle prospective relative)
wḏbtj (participle prospective)
wḏbt (participle prospective)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲉⲃ (ouōteb)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲱⲧⲃ (ouōtb)

(intransitive) to turn (+ ḥr: to (someone))


wḏb

wḏb (singular)
wḏbwj (dual)
wḏbw (plural)


ꜣdw

ꜣdw (singular)
ꜣdwwj (dual)
ꜣdww (plural)

ꜣd (“to be aggressive or raging”) + -w (agent nominalizer).


ꜣdt

A-d:t*Z5-A24 3-lit. (canonical)
ꜣdt (infinitive)
ꜣdtw (infinitive negative)
ꜣdt (infinitive negative)
ꜣdtt (infinitive)
ꜣdt (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜣdt (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜣdt (stative)
ḥr ꜣdt (imperfective)
m ꜣdt (imperfective)
r ꜣdt (prospective)
ꜣdt.n (active perfect)
ꜣdtw (passive perfect)
ꜣdt (passive perfect)
ꜣdt.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ꜣdtt (terminative)
ꜣdt (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ꜣdt.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ꜣdt (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ꜣdt (active prospective)
ꜣdtt (passive prospective)
ꜣdt.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ꜣdt (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ꜣdt.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ꜣdt (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ꜣdt (active participle perfective)
ꜣdt (participle passive perfective)
ꜣdtw (participle passive perfective)
ꜣdty (participle passive perfective)
ꜣdt (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜣdty (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜣdtw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ꜣdt (active imperfective participle)
ꜣdtj (active imperfective participle)
ꜣdty (active imperfective participle)
ꜣdt (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣdtw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣdt (active participle prospective relative)
ꜣdttj (active participle prospective relative)
ꜣdttj (participle prospective)
ꜣdtt (participle prospective)

(transitive) to prepare (beds or skins) for sleeping (in some unclear way); to make the bed


.kwj

Alternative transliteration of .kw (first-person stative ending).


.sni

Manuel de Codage transliteration of .snj.


.xr

Manuel de Codage transliteration of .ḫr.


.tiwn

Manuel de Codage transliteration of .tjwn.


.kA

Manuel de Codage transliteration of .kꜣ.


.wi

Manuel de Codage transliteration of .wj.


.win

Manuel de Codage transliteration of .wjn.


bdS

Manuel de Codage transliteration of bdš.


.Tn

Manuel de Codage transliteration of .ṯn.


.Tni

Manuel de Codage transliteration of .ṯnj.


.tni

Manuel de Codage transliteration of .tnj.


.ti

Manuel de Codage transliteration of .tj.


.tiwni

Manuel de Codage transliteration of .tjwnj.


nḫj

n:x-A2 3ae inf. (canonical)
nḫt (infinitive)
nḫj (infinitive)
nḫw (infinitive negative)
nḫ (infinitive negative)
nḫwt (infinitive)
nḫyt (infinitive)
nḫ (imperative infinitive singular)
nḫ (imperative infinitive plural)
nḫy (imperative infinitive plural)
nḫ (stative)
nḫḫ (stative)
ḥr nḫt (imperfective)
ḥr nḫj (imperfective)
m nḫt (imperfective)
m nḫj (imperfective)
r nḫt (prospective)
r nḫj (prospective)
nḫ.n (active perfect)
nḫw (passive perfect)
nḫ (passive perfect)
nḫy (passive perfect)
nḫ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
nḫt (terminative)
nḫyt (terminative)
nḫ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
nḫ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
nḫ (active imperfective)
nḫy (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
nḫw (active prospective)
nḫ (active prospective)
nḫy (active prospective)
nḫw (passive prospective)
nḫ (passive prospective)
nḫy (passive prospective)
nḫ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
nḫ (active subjunctive)
nḫy (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
nḫ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
nḫw (active participle perfective relative)
nḫy (active participle perfective relative)
nḫ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
nḫ (active participle perfective)
nḫy (participle passive perfective)
nḫ (participle passive perfective)
nḫḫ (active imperfective participle relative)
nḫḫy (active imperfective participle relative)
nḫḫw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
nḫḫ (active imperfective participle)
nḫḫj (active imperfective participle)
nḫḫy (active imperfective participle)
nḫḫ (imperfective participle passive)
nḫḫw (imperfective participle passive)
nḫw (active participle prospective relative)
nḫy (active participle prospective relative)
nḫ (active participle prospective relative)
nḫtj (active participle prospective relative)
nḫwtj (participle prospective)
nḫtj (participle prospective)
nḫt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

nḫt, nḫyt

nḫw.tj1, nḫ.tj1, nḫy.tj1, nḫw.tw2, nḫ.tw2, nḫy.tw2

(intransitive or transitive) to lament (± n: to (someone))

(intransitive, in an adjectival predicate with suffixed -wj) to be(come) lamentable or pitiful


kmm

km-m 2ae gem. (canonical)
kmm (infinitive)
kmm (infinitive negative)
kmmt (infinitive)
kmm (imperative infinitive singular)
km (imperative infinitive singular)
kmm (imperative infinitive plural)
km (imperative infinitive plural)
kmm (stative)
km (stative)
ḥr kmm (imperfective)
m kmm (imperfective)
r kmm (prospective)
kmm.n (active perfect)
km.n (active perfect)
km.jn (active consecutive contingent)
kmmt (active terminative)
km (active perfective)
kmm.ḫr (active obligative)
kmm (active imperfective)
kmm (active prospective)
km.kꜣ (active potential)
km (active subjunctive)
km.n (active participle perfect)
km (active participle perfective)
km (participle passive perfective)
kmw (participle passive perfective)
kmy (participle passive perfective)
kmm (active imperfective participle)
kmmy (active imperfective participle)
kmmw (active imperfective participle)
kmmj (active imperfective participle)
kmm (imperfective participle passive)
kmmw (imperfective participle passive)
km (active participle prospective)
kmtj (active participle prospective)
kmmtj (participle prospective)
kmmt (participle prospective)

kmmt

kmm.n.tj1, km.n.tj1, kmm.n.tw2, km.n.tw2

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.
# <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">km</i> before suffix pronouns.

Bohairic Coptic: ⲭⲙⲟⲙ (khmom)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲕⲙⲁⲙ (kmam)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲙⲟⲙ (kmom)