n

abbreviation of nj (“of, belonging to (genitival adjective)”)


km

km-m (canonical)
km (masculine singular)
kmt (feminine singular)
kmwj (dual masculine)
kmtj (dual feminine)
kmw (masculine plural)
kmwt (feminine plural)
kmt (feminine plural)

desc

Bohairic Coptic: ⲭⲁⲙⲉ (khame), ⲭⲉⲙⲓ (khemi)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲕⲉⲙⲓ (kemi), ⲕⲉⲙ (kem)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲁⲙⲉ (kame), ⲕⲙⲙⲉ (kmme), ⲕⲁⲙ (kam)

Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE

From Proto-Afroasiatic *kum- (“to be black”).

perfective active participle of kmm: black


ḥrj

ḥrj (masculine singular)
ḥrt (feminine singular)
ḥrjwj (dual masculine)
ḥrwj (dual masculine)
ḥrtj (dual feminine)
ḥrjw (masculine plural)
ḥrw (masculine plural)
ḥrwt (feminine plural)
ḥrt (feminine plural)


ḥꜣtj

HAt:t*y (canonical)
ḥꜣtj (masculine singular)
ḥꜣtt (feminine singular)
ḥꜣtjwj (dual masculine)
ḥꜣtwj (dual masculine)
ḥꜣttj (dual feminine)
ḥꜣtjw (masculine plural)
ḥꜣtw (masculine plural)
ḥꜣtwt (feminine plural)
ḥꜣtt (feminine plural)

Demotic: ḥꜣṱ

Bohairic Coptic: ϩⲟⲩⲓⲧ (houit)

Fayyumic Coptic: ϩⲟⲩⲉⲓⲧ (houeit), ϩⲟⲩⲓⲧ (houit)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϩⲟⲩⲓⲧ (houit)

Old Coptic: ϩⲟⲩⲓⲧ (houit)

Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲟⲩⲉⲓⲧ (houeit)

From ḥꜣt (“front”) + -j (nisba ending).
The noun is traditionally regarded as simply a nominalized use of this nisba adjective, thus literally ‘the frontal (organ)’. However, note the different developments in Coptic. Some have instead suggested an Indo-European source for the noun; compare Proto-Indo-European *ḱḗr.


ꜥšꜣ

ꜥšꜣ (masculine singular)
ꜥšꜣt (feminine singular)
ꜥšꜣwj (dual masculine)
ꜥšꜣtj (dual feminine)
ꜥšꜣw (masculine plural)
ꜥšꜣwt (feminine plural)
ꜥšꜣt (feminine plural)

perfective active participle of ꜥšꜣ: many, numerous


nfr

nfr-f:r (canonical)
nfr (masculine singular)
nfrt (feminine singular)
nfrwj (dual masculine)
nfrtj (dual feminine)
nfrw (masculine plural)
nfrwt (feminine plural)
nfrt (feminine plural)

Demotic: nfr

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩϥⲉ (noufe)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ (noufi)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩϥⲓ (noufi)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩϥⲉ (noufe)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩϥⲉ (noufe)

Old Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩϥⲉ (noufe)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲙⲡⲣⲱ (emprō)

Possibly from Proto-Afroasiatic *fir- (“to be good”) with an additional *nV- prefix. Compare also Tamahaq ⵉⴼⵔⴰⵔ (ifrar, “best”) and Saho feer (“good”).

perfective active participle of nfr: fine, beautiful, pleasant, etc.


ḏw

ḏw (masculine singular)
ḏwt (feminine singular)
ḏwwj (dual masculine)
ḏwtj (dual feminine)
ḏww (masculine plural)
ḏwwt (feminine plural)
ḏwt (feminine plural)

⇒ Demotic: ḏwṱ (“impure”)

Coptic: ϫⲟⲟⲩⲧ (čoout, “base, lowly, rejected (one)”)

perfective active participle of ḏwj: evil, bad, wicked


jm

abbreviation of jmj (“being (in), inherent (in)”)


jrj

i-r:y (canonical)
jrj (masculine singular)
jrt (feminine singular)
jrjwj (dual masculine)
jrwj (dual masculine)
jrtj (dual feminine)
jrjw (masculine plural)
jrw (masculine plural)
jrwt (feminine plural)
jrt (feminine plural)

From r (“regarding, with respect to”) + -j (“nisba ending”). The noun is simply a nominalized use of the nisba adjective.

suffix

pertaining to, relating to, belonging to


nj

n:y (canonical)
n:y (masculine singular)
n (masculine singular)
nj (masculine singular)
n:t (feminine singular)
nt (feminine singular)
n-w&y (dual masculine)
njwj (dual masculine)
nwj (dual masculine)
n:t*y (dual feminine)
nw (masculine plural)
njw (masculine plural)
n:t (feminine plural)
nwt (feminine plural)
nt (feminine plural)

Coptic: ⲛ̄- (n̄-), ⲙ̄- (m̄-)

introduces the agent of an infinitive when it is a personal pronoun


ꜥꜣ

ꜥꜣ (masculine singular)
ꜥꜣt (feminine singular)
ꜥꜣwj (dual masculine)
ꜥꜣtj (dual feminine)
ꜥꜣw (masculine plural)
ꜥꜣwt (feminine plural)
ꜥꜣt (feminine plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲟ (o), ⲱ (ō)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁ (a)

Old Coptic: ⲟ (o), ⲱ (ō), ⲁ- (a-)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲟ (o), ⲱ (ō), ⲟⲩ (ou)

perfective active participle of ꜥꜣj: big, great, important


wꜥ

wꜥ (masculine singular)
wꜥt (feminine singular)

Formed as if the perfective active participle of wꜥj (“to be(come) alone”), although possibly the verb may be derived from the numeral instead.


ntt

n:*t*t (canonical feminine)
ntj (masculine singular)
ntt (feminine singular)
ntjwj (dual masculine)
ntwj (dual masculine)
nttj (dual feminine)
ntjw (masculine plural)
ntw (masculine plural)
ntwt (feminine plural)
ntt (feminine plural)

Various uses of the feminine form of the relative adjective ntj.


jmn

jmn (masculine singular)
jmnt (feminine singular)
jmnwj (dual masculine)
jmntj (dual feminine)
jmnw (masculine plural)
jmnwt (feminine plural)
jmnt (feminine plural)

Compare Arabic ء م ن (ʔ m n) and Hebrew א־מ־ן (ʾ-m-n).

perfective active participle of jmn: hidden, secret, precious


jmn

From Proto-Afroasiatic *yamin-. Cognate with Proto-Semitic *yamīn- (“right”).


nṯrj

nṯrj (masculine singular)
nṯrt (feminine singular)
nṯrjwj (dual masculine)
nṯrwj (dual masculine)
nṯrtj (dual feminine)
nṯrjw (masculine plural)
nṯrw (masculine plural)
nṯrwt (feminine plural)
nṯrt (feminine plural)

Nisba adjectival form of nṯr (“god”), suffixed with -j.


dšr

dšr (masculine singular)
dšrt (feminine singular)
dšrwj (dual masculine)
dšrtj (dual feminine)
dšrw (masculine plural)
dšrwt (feminine plural)
dšrt (feminine plural)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲣϣ (tōrš)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲑⲱⲣϣ (thōrš)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲣϣ (tōrš)

perfective active participle of dšr: red


jw

jw (masculine singular)
jwy (masculine singular)
jwt (feminine singular)
jwyt (feminine singular)
jwwj (dual masculine)
jwywj (dual masculine)
jwtj (dual feminine)
jwytj (dual feminine)
jww (masculine plural)
jwyw (masculine plural)
jwwt (feminine plural)
jwt (feminine plural)
jwywt (feminine plural)
jwyt (feminine plural)

perfective passive participle of jwj (“to leave boatless, to strand”): boatless


ḥrt

Hr:r-t:pt (canonical feminine)
ḥrj (masculine singular)
ḥrt (feminine singular)
ḥrjwj (dual masculine)
ḥrwj (dual masculine)
ḥrtj (dual feminine)
ḥrjw (masculine plural)
ḥrw (masculine plural)
ḥrwt (feminine plural)
ḥrt (feminine plural)

ḥr (“upon, atop”) + -t (feminine nisba ending), thus ‘(the one) being atop’. Some early writings of the sense ‘sky’ use determinatives that perhaps instead suggest a connection with the verb ḥrj (“to be distant”).


nfrt

q*Z1:r-s-t:Q6 nfr-f:r:t m i-iz-s-pr:f nfr-f:r:n-
[…] qrst nfrt m jz.f nfr n ẖrt-nṯr […]

12th Dynasty, coffin of Nakhtankh, British Museum EA 35285

[…] a good burial in his wonderful tomb of the necropolis […]


nḏm

nDm-m (canonical)
nḏm (masculine singular)
nḏmt (feminine singular)
nḏmwj (dual masculine)
nḏmtj (dual feminine)
nḏmw (masculine plural)
nḏmwt (feminine plural)
nḏmt (feminine plural)

Perhaps from a form such as Proto-Afroasiatic *nx̣m. Cognate with Proto-Semitic *nʿm-.

perfective active participle of nḏm: sweet, pleasant


jmꜣ

jmꜣ (masculine singular)
jmꜣt (feminine singular)
jmꜣwj (dual masculine)
jmꜣtj (dual feminine)
jmꜣw (masculine plural)
jmꜣwt (feminine plural)
jmꜣt (feminine plural)

perfective active participle of jmꜣ: kindly, friendly, gracious


bjn

bjn (masculine singular)
bjnt (feminine singular)
bjnwj (dual masculine)
bjntj (dual feminine)
bjnw (masculine plural)
bjnwt (feminine plural)
bjnt (feminine plural)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲃⲟⲩⲟⲩⲛⲉ (bououne)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲃⲱⲛ (bōn)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲃⲱⲱⲛ (bōōn)

Old Coptic: ⲃⲱⲛ (bōn)

desc

Sahidic Coptic: ⲃⲱⲱⲛ (bōōn), ⲃⲱⲱⲛⲉ (bōōne)

perfective active participle of bjn: bad, evil


wr

wr:r (canonical)
wr (masculine singular)
wrt (feminine singular)
wrwj (dual masculine)
wrtj (dual feminine)
wrw (masculine plural)
wrwt (feminine plural)
wrt (feminine plural)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲏⲣ (ouēr)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲏⲣ (ouēr), ⲃⲏⲣ (bēr)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲏⲗ (ouēl), ⲟⲩⲏⲣ (ouēr)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲟⲩⲏⲣ (ouēr)

Old Coptic: ⲟⲩⲏⲣ (ouēr)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲏⲣ (ouēr), ⲟⲩⲏⲏⲣ (ouēēr)

perfective active participle of wrr: big, great, important, chief


nḏs

n:D-s-nDs (canonical)
nḏs (masculine singular)
nḏst (feminine singular)
nḏswj (dual masculine)
nḏstj (dual feminine)
nḏsw (masculine plural)
nḏswt (feminine plural)
nḏst (feminine plural)

perfective active participle of nḏs: small, feeble


wsr

wsr (masculine singular)
wsrt (feminine singular)
wsrwj (dual masculine)
wsrtj (dual feminine)
wsrw (masculine plural)
wsrwt (feminine plural)
wsrt (feminine plural)

perfective active participle of wsr: mighty, powerful


šw

Sw-w-nDs (canonical)
šw (masculine singular)
šwt (feminine singular)
šwwj (dual masculine)
šwtj (dual feminine)
šww (masculine plural)
šwwt (feminine plural)
šwt (feminine plural)

perfective active participle of šwj: empty, devoid, lacking


rsj

rsj (masculine singular)
rst (feminine singular)
rsjwj (dual masculine)
rswj (dual masculine)
rstj (dual feminine)
rsjw (masculine plural)
rsw (masculine plural)
rswt (feminine plural)
rst (feminine plural)

Coptic: ⲣⲏⲥ (rēs)


jqr

jqr (masculine singular)
jqrt (feminine singular)
jqrwj (dual masculine)
jqrtj (dual feminine)
jqrw (masculine plural)
jqrwt (feminine plural)
jqrt (feminine plural)

Perhaps from a form such as Proto-Afroasiatic *waqar-; compare Hebrew יָקָר (yāqār, “expensive, precious”).

cog

perfective active participle of jqr: excellent, worthy, reliable


wꜣḏ

wꜣḏ (masculine singular)
wꜣḏt (feminine singular)
wꜣḏwj (dual masculine)
wꜣḏtj (dual feminine)
wꜣḏw (masculine plural)
wꜣḏwt (feminine plural)
wꜣḏt (feminine plural)

Old Coptic: ⲟⲩⲱⲧ (ouōt)

Possibly from a form such as Proto-Afroasiatic *wrḳ-. If so, cognate with Proto-Semitic *waraq- (“green”).

perfective active participle of wꜣḏ: green, fresh, thriving, vigorous


wꜥb

wab-mw (canonical)
wꜥb (masculine singular)
wꜥbt (feminine singular)
wꜥbwj (dual masculine)
wꜥbtj (dual feminine)
wꜥbw (masculine plural)
wꜥbwt (feminine plural)
wꜥbt (feminine plural)

perfective active participle of wꜥb: pure, clean


ḫftj

x:f:t*y (canonical)
ḫftj (masculine singular)
ḫftt (feminine singular)
ḫftjwj (dual masculine)
ḫftwj (dual masculine)
ḫfttj (dual feminine)
ḫftjw (masculine plural)
ḫftw (masculine plural)
ḫftwt (feminine plural)
ḫftt (feminine plural)

From ḫft (“facing, opposite”) + -j (“nisba ending”); the noun is simply a nominalized use of the nisba adjective.


ḫftt

From ḫft (“facing, opposite”) + -t (“feminine nisba ending”); the noun is simply a nominalized use of the nisba adjective.


nwtj

niwt:t*y (canonical)
nwtj (masculine singular)
nwtt (feminine singular)
nwtjwj (dual masculine)
nwtwj (dual masculine)
nwttj (dual feminine)
nwtjw (masculine plural)
nwtw (masculine plural)
nwtwt (feminine plural)
nwtt (feminine plural)

nwt (“town”) + -j (“nisba adjective ending”).


mry

mr-i-i (canonical)
mr (masculine singular)
mry (masculine singular)
mrt (feminine singular)
mryt (feminine singular)
mrwj (dual masculine)
mrywj (dual masculine)
mrtj (dual feminine)
mrytj (dual feminine)
mrw (masculine plural)
mryw (masculine plural)
mrwt (feminine plural)
mrt (feminine plural)
mrywt (feminine plural)
mryt (feminine plural)

perfective passive participle of mrj: beloved


jmj

jmj (masculine singular)
jmt (feminine singular)
jmjwj (dual masculine)
jmwj (dual masculine)
jmtj (dual feminine)
jmjw (masculine plural)
jmw (masculine plural)
jmwt (feminine plural)
jmt (feminine plural)

From m (“in”) + -j (nisba ending). For the initial j-, compare the adverbial and pre-pronominal form of m, jm.

being among, of, out of (a quantity or group)

(in reverse nisba constructions) in which (something) is

(after an adjective) -est of, -est among; forms the superlative


ẖrj

Xr:r-y (canonical)
ẖrj (masculine singular)
ẖrt (feminine singular)
ẖrjwj (dual masculine)
ẖrwj (dual masculine)
ẖrtj (dual feminine)
ẖrjw (masculine plural)
ẖrw (masculine plural)
ẖrwt (feminine plural)
ẖrt (feminine plural)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⳉⲣⲏⲓ (xrēi)

Bohairic Coptic: ϧⲣⲏⲓ (xrēi)

Fayyumic Coptic: ϩⲗⲏⲓ (hlēi)

desc

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϩⲣⲏⲓ (hrēi), ϩⲣⲏⲉⲓ (hrēei)

Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲣⲁⲓ (hrai)

b-w-Xr:r-s


mjtj

mi-t:y (canonical)
mjtj (masculine singular)
mjtt (feminine singular)
mjtjwj (dual masculine)
mjtwj (dual masculine)
mjttj (dual feminine)
mjtjw (masculine plural)
mjtw (masculine plural)
mjtwt (feminine plural)
mjtt (feminine plural)

mjt (“similarity”) + -j (“nisba ending”), ultimately from mj (“like”).


ḥꜣj

HA-A (canonical)
ḥꜣj (masculine singular)
ḥꜣt (feminine singular)
ḥꜣjwj (dual masculine)
ḥꜣwj (dual masculine)
ḥꜣtj (dual feminine)
ḥꜣjw (masculine plural)
ḥꜣw (masculine plural)
ḥꜣwt (feminine plural)
ḥꜣt (feminine plural)

ḥꜣ (“behind, around”) + -j (“nisba ending”).


ḥnꜥj

H-n:a (canonical)
ḥnꜥj (masculine singular)
ḥnꜥt (feminine singular)
ḥnꜥjwj (dual masculine)
ḥnꜥwj (dual masculine)
ḥnꜥtj (dual feminine)
ḥnꜥjw (masculine plural)
ḥnꜥw (masculine plural)
ḥnꜥwt (feminine plural)
ḥnꜥt (feminine plural)


ḫntj

xnt-n:t*y (canonical)
ḫntj (masculine singular)
ḫntt (feminine singular)
ḫntjwj (dual masculine)
ḫntwj (dual masculine)
ḫnttj (dual feminine)
ḫntjw (masculine plural)
ḫntw (masculine plural)
ḫntwt (feminine plural)
ḫntt (feminine plural)

ḫnt (“at the head of”) + -j (nisba ending).


ḫrj

x:r (canonical)
ḫrj (masculine singular)
ḫrt (feminine singular)
ḫrjwj (dual masculine)
ḫrwj (dual masculine)
ḫrtj (dual feminine)
ḫrjw (masculine plural)
ḫrw (masculine plural)
ḫrwt (feminine plural)
ḫrt (feminine plural)

ḫr (“in the presence of”) + -j (“nisba ending”).


tpj

tp:p*y (canonical)
tpj (masculine singular)
tpt (feminine singular)
tpjwj (dual masculine)
tpwj (dual masculine)
tptj (dual feminine)
tpjw (masculine plural)
tpw (masculine plural)
tpwt (feminine plural)
tpt (feminine plural)

Old Coptic: ⲧⲃⲁⲓ- (tbai-)


jmy

Probably originally a derivative of m (“in”); compare jmj (“being in”).

(following n (“to, for”) with an attached suffix pronoun) of, belonging to


snnw

snnw (masculine singular)
snnwt (feminine singular)
snnwwj (dual masculine)
snnwtj (dual feminine)
snnww (masculine plural)
snnwwt (feminine plural)
snnwt (feminine plural)


ḫmtnw

ḫmtnw (masculine singular)
ḫmtnwt (feminine singular)
ḫmtnwwj (dual masculine)
ḫmtnwtj (dual feminine)
ḫmtnww (masculine plural)
ḫmtnwwt (feminine plural)
ḫmtnwt (feminine plural)


jfdnw

jfdnw (masculine singular)
jfdnwt (feminine singular)
jfdnwwj (dual masculine)
jfdnwtj (dual feminine)
jfdnww (masculine plural)
jfdnwwt (feminine plural)
jfdnwt (feminine plural)


djnw

djnw (masculine singular)
djnwt (feminine singular)
djnwwj (dual masculine)
djnwtj (dual feminine)
djnww (masculine plural)
djnwwt (feminine plural)
djnwt (feminine plural)


sjsnw

sjsnw (masculine singular)
sjsnwt (feminine singular)
sjsnwwj (dual masculine)
sjsnwtj (dual feminine)
sjsnww (masculine plural)
sjsnwwt (feminine plural)
sjsnwt (feminine plural)


sfḫnw

sfḫnw (masculine singular)
sfḫnwt (feminine singular)
sfḫnwwj (dual masculine)
sfḫnwtj (dual feminine)
sfḫnww (masculine plural)
sfḫnwwt (feminine plural)
sfḫnwt (feminine plural)


ḫmnnw

ḫmnnw (masculine singular)
ḫmnnwt (feminine singular)
ḫmnnwwj (dual masculine)
ḫmnnwtj (dual feminine)
ḫmnnww (masculine plural)
ḫmnnwwt (feminine plural)
ḫmnnwt (feminine plural)


psḏnw

psḏnw (masculine singular)
psḏnwt (feminine singular)
psḏnwwj (dual masculine)
psḏnwtj (dual feminine)
psḏnww (masculine plural)
psḏnwwt (feminine plural)
psḏnwt (feminine plural)


wꜥ wꜥ

Reduplication of wꜥ (“one”). The written form consists of wꜥ (“one”) + zpwj snwj (“twice, repeated”).


mnḫ

mnḫ (masculine singular)
mnḫt (feminine singular)
mnḫwj (dual masculine)
mnḫtj (dual feminine)
mnḫw (masculine plural)
mnḫwt (feminine plural)
mnḫt (feminine plural)

perfective active participle of mnḫ: effective, worthwhile


mḥtj

mḥtj (masculine singular)
mḥtt (feminine singular)
mḥtjwj (dual masculine)
mḥtwj (dual masculine)
mḥttj (dual feminine)
mḥtjw (masculine plural)
mḥtw (masculine plural)
mḥtwt (feminine plural)
mḥtt (feminine plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲙϩⲓⲧ (emhit)

desc

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲙⲉⲛϩⲓⲧ (menhit), ⲉⲙϩⲓⲧ (emhit), ⲙⲉϩⲓⲧ (mehit)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲙⲉϩⲓⲧ (mehit)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲙϩⲓⲧ (mhit), ⲉⲙϩⲓⲧ (emhit)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲙϩⲉⲓⲧ (mheit), ⲙⲉϩⲓⲧ (mehit), ⲙϩⲓⲧ (mhit)

From mḥt (“Nile delta”) + -j (nisba ending).


mꜣꜥtj

mꜣꜥtj (masculine singular)
mꜣꜥtt (feminine singular)
mꜣꜥtjwj (dual masculine)
mꜣꜥtwj (dual masculine)
mꜣꜥttj (dual feminine)
mꜣꜥtjw (masculine plural)
mꜣꜥtw (masculine plural)
mꜣꜥtwt (feminine plural)
mꜣꜥtt (feminine plural)

mꜣꜥt (“truth, righteousness”) + -j (nisba ending).


wsḫ

wsḫ (masculine singular)
wsḫt (feminine singular)
wsḫwj (dual masculine)
wsḫtj (dual feminine)
wsḫw (masculine plural)
wsḫwt (feminine plural)
wsḫt (feminine plural)
wsḫ (masculine singular)
wsḫj (masculine singular)
wsḫy (masculine singular)
wsḫt (feminine singular)
wsḫwj (dual masculine)
wsḫjwj (dual masculine)
wsḫywj (dual masculine)
wsḫtj (dual feminine)
wsḫw (masculine plural)
wsḫjw (masculine plural)
wsḫyw (masculine plural)
wsḫwt (feminine plural)
wsḫt (feminine plural)

Sometimes hypothesized to be from a form such as Proto-Afroasiatic *wsɣ; compare Arabic وَسُعَ (wasuʕa), وَسِعَ (wasiʕa, “to be wide”). Also compare Central Atlas Tamazight ⵙⵙⵉⵖ (ssiɣ, “to pass, give, extend, expand”).

cog

imperfective active participle of wsḫ; broad, wide


ntj

n:t*y (canonical)
ntj (masculine singular)
ntt (feminine singular)
ntjwj (dual masculine)
ntwj (dual masculine)
nttj (dual feminine)
ntjw (masculine plural)
ntw (masculine plural)
ntwt (feminine plural)
ntt (feminine plural)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲉⲧ- (et-)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲧ- (et-), ⲉⲑ- (eth-)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲉⲧ- (et-)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲧ- (et-)

⇒ Akhmimic Coptic: ⲉⲧⲉ- (ete-)

⇒ Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲧⲉ- (ete-)

⇒ Fayyumic Coptic: ⲉⲧⲉ- (ete-)

⇒ Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲧⲉ- (ete-)

Formed from nt + -j (nisba ending), where nt is a nominalized use of the feminine form of the genitival adjective n(j). The noun ntj is in turn simply a nominalized use of the adjective ntj.

relative adjective
relative adjective#English

the relative adjective — allows a clause to serve as a relative clause, usually with an adverbial or verbal predicate

(introducing a direct relative clause, with ntj serving in place of a subject) which is, who is, being

(introducing an indirect relative clause, with a later resumptive pronoun) such that, for which, concerning which


jwtj

jwtj (masculine singular)
jwtt (feminine singular)
jwtjwj (dual masculine)
jwtwj (dual masculine)
jwttj (dual feminine)
jwtjw (masculine plural)
jwtw (masculine plural)
jwtwt (feminine plural)
jwtt (feminine plural)

Demotic: jwṱ

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲁⲧ- (at-)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲧ- (at-), ⲁⲑ- (ath-)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁⲧ- (at-)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲁⲧ- (at-)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲧ- (at-), ⲁⲧⲉ- (ate-)

From jwt (negation particle) + -j (nisba ending). The noun jwtj is in turn simply a nominalized use of the adjective jwtj.

af

the negative relative adjective — allows a clause to serve as a negated relative clause, usually with an adverbial or verbal predicate

(introducing a direct relative clause, with jwtj serving in place of a subject) which is not, who is not, not being

(introducing an indirect relative clause, with a later resumptive pronoun) such that it is not the case that, for which it is not the case that

(introducing a noun phrase with suffix pronoun) which has no, who has no, not having, without


štꜣ

štꜣ (masculine singular)
štꜣt (feminine singular)
štꜣwj (dual masculine)
štꜣtj (dual feminine)
štꜣw (masculine plural)
štꜣwt (feminine plural)
štꜣt (feminine plural)

Old Coptic: ϣⲱⲧ (šōt)

perfective active participle of štꜣ: hidden, secret


ꜣḫtj

Axt:t*y (canonical)
ꜣḫtj (masculine singular)
ꜣḫtt (feminine singular)
ꜣḫtjwj (dual masculine)
ꜣḫtwj (dual masculine)
ꜣḫttj (dual feminine)
ꜣḫtjw (masculine plural)
ꜣḫtw (masculine plural)
ꜣḫtwt (feminine plural)
ꜣḫtt (feminine plural)

(of gods) of, relating to, or dwelling in the Akhet, the region where the sun rises or sets


ꜣḫtj

ꜣḫtj (masculine singular)
ꜣḫtt (feminine singular)
ꜣḫtjwj (dual masculine)
ꜣḫtwj (dual masculine)
ꜣḫttj (dual feminine)
ꜣḫtjw (masculine plural)
ꜣḫtw (masculine plural)
ꜣḫtwt (feminine plural)
ꜣḫtt (feminine plural)

ꜣḫt (“inundation season”) + -j (nisba ending).

suffix

of or relating to the season of inundation


mꜣꜥ-ḫrw

mA-a:mAa-xrw-w (canonical)
mꜣꜥ-ḫrw (masculine singular)
mꜣꜥt-ḫrw (feminine singular)
mꜣꜥwj-ḫrw (dual masculine)
mꜣꜥtj-ḫrw (dual feminine)
mꜣꜥw-ḫrw (masculine plural)
mꜣꜥwt-ḫrw (feminine plural)
mꜣꜥt-ḫrw (feminine plural)

/mɑʔɑː xɛruː/

mꜣꜥ (“(to be) true, just”) + ḫrw (“voice”), thus literally ‘(to be) true of voice’.

compound

said after mentioning the name of a dead person


wnmj

wnmj (masculine singular)
wnmt (feminine singular)
wnmjwj (dual masculine)
wnmwj (dual masculine)
wnmtj (dual feminine)
wnmjw (masculine plural)
wnmw (masculine plural)
wnmwt (feminine plural)
wnmt (feminine plural)

wnm (“to eat”) + -j (nisba ending).
As speculated by W. Vycichl (1959), this word might have originally meant “eating hand”. Furthermore, Takacs (1999) pointed out that the semantic shift from the original sense to “right hand/side” is an African sprachbund's feature; cf. Swahili mkono wa kulia (“eating hand; right hand”).

af

<i class="Latn mention" lang="en">nisba</i> ending


jꜣbtj

iAb-b-t:y (canonical)
jꜣbtj (masculine singular)
jꜣbtt (feminine singular)
jꜣbtjwj (dual masculine)
jꜣbtwj (dual masculine)
jꜣbttj (dual feminine)
jꜣbtjw (masculine plural)
jꜣbtw (masculine plural)
jꜣbtwt (feminine plural)
jꜣbtt (feminine plural)

jꜣbt (“east, left”) + -j (nisba ending).


šps

Sps-s (canonical)
šps (masculine singular)
špst (feminine singular)
špswj (dual masculine)
špstj (dual feminine)
špsw (masculine plural)
špswt (feminine plural)
špst (feminine plural)

perfective active participle of špsj: noble, august


ḥrj jb

Hr-ib (canonical)
ḥrj jb (masculine singular)
ḥrt jb (feminine singular)
ḥrjwj jb (dual masculine)
ḥrwj jb (dual masculine)
ḥrtj jb (dual feminine)
ḥrjw jb (masculine plural)
ḥrw jb (masculine plural)
ḥrwt jb (feminine plural)
ḥrt jb (feminine plural)

From ḥrj + jb, literally ‘being upon the heart (of)’.

(of a deity, followed by the name of a temple) indicates that a deity is worshipped in a particular temple, but that their main temple or shrine is elsewhere


jmntj

jmntj (masculine singular)
jmntt (feminine singular)
jmntjwj (dual masculine)
jmntwj (dual masculine)
jmnttj (dual feminine)
jmntjw (masculine plural)
jmntw (masculine plural)
jmntwt (feminine plural)
jmntt (feminine plural)

Demotic: jmnṱ

Coptic: ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲧ (ement)

jmnt (“west, right”) + -j (nisba ending).


ḥrj-tp

ḥrj-tp (masculine singular)
ḥrt-tp (feminine singular)
ḥrjwj-tp (dual masculine)
ḥrwj-tp (dual masculine)
ḥrtj-tp (dual feminine)
ḥrjw-tp (masculine plural)
ḥrw-tp (masculine plural)
ḥrwt-tp (feminine plural)
ḥrt-tp (feminine plural)

From ḥrj (“being upon”) + tp (“head”). The noun is thus literally ‘(he who is) upon the head’.


dwꜣtj

dwꜣtj (masculine singular)
dwꜣtt (feminine singular)
dwꜣtjwj (dual masculine)
dwꜣtwj (dual masculine)
dwꜣttj (dual feminine)
dwꜣtjw (masculine plural)
dwꜣtw (masculine plural)
dwꜣtwt (feminine plural)
dwꜣtt (feminine plural)

dwꜣt (“Duat, afterworld”) + -j (nisba ending).


mjwj

mjwj (masculine singular)
mjwt (feminine singular)
mjwjwj (dual masculine)
mjwwj (dual masculine)
mjwtj (dual feminine)
mjwjw (masculine plural)
mjww (masculine plural)
mjwwt (feminine plural)
mjwt (feminine plural)


nḫ

nḫ (masculine singular)
nḫt (feminine singular)
nḫwj (dual masculine)
nḫtj (dual feminine)
nḫw (masculine plural)
nḫwt (feminine plural)
nḫt (feminine plural)

perfective active participle of nḫj: lamentable, pitiful


smsw

smsw (masculine singular)
smswt (feminine singular)
smswwj (dual masculine)
smswtj (dual feminine)
smsww (masculine plural)
smswwt (feminine plural)
smswt (feminine plural)


jmj ḥꜣt

jmj ḥꜣt (masculine singular)
jmt ḥꜣt (feminine singular)
jmjwj ḥꜣt (dual masculine)
jmwj ḥꜣt (dual masculine)
jmtj ḥꜣt (dual feminine)
jmjw ḥꜣt (masculine plural)
jmw ḥꜣt (masculine plural)
jmwt ḥꜣt (feminine plural)
jmt ḥꜣt (feminine plural)

From jmj (“(one) being in”) + ḥꜣt (“front”).


jmj ḫt

jmj ḫt (masculine singular)
jmt ḫt (feminine singular)
jmjwj ḫt (dual masculine)
jmwj ḫt (dual masculine)
jmtj ḫt (dual feminine)
jmjw ḫt (masculine plural)
jmw ḫt (masculine plural)
jmwt ḫt (feminine plural)
jmt ḫt (feminine plural)

From jmj (“(one) being in”) + ḫt (“what is behind or after”). The nisba equivalent to m ḫt.

being behind (spatially), found behind, rear

succeeding, following after (temporally)


jmj bꜣḥ

jmj bꜣḥ (masculine singular)
jmt bꜣḥ (feminine singular)
jmjwj bꜣḥ (dual masculine)
jmwj bꜣḥ (dual masculine)
jmtj bꜣḥ (dual feminine)
jmjw bꜣḥ (masculine plural)
jmw bꜣḥ (masculine plural)
jmwt bꜣḥ (feminine plural)
jmt bꜣḥ (feminine plural)

From jmj (“being in”) + bꜣḥ (“phallus”), constructed on the same model as m bꜣḥ (“in the presence of”).

being in the presence of (a king or god)

being earlier (than), having existed before


jꜣbj

jꜣbj (masculine singular)
jꜣbt (feminine singular)
jꜣbjwj (dual masculine)
jꜣbwj (dual masculine)
jꜣbtj (dual feminine)
jꜣbjw (masculine plural)
jꜣbw (masculine plural)
jꜣbwt (feminine plural)
jꜣbt (feminine plural)

Perhaps related to jb (“heart”). Suffixed with -j (nisba ending).


smḥj

smḥj (masculine singular)
smḥt (feminine singular)
smḥjwj (dual masculine)
smḥwj (dual masculine)
smḥtj (dual feminine)
smḥjw (masculine plural)
smḥw (masculine plural)
smḥwt (feminine plural)
smḥt (feminine plural)


wꜥtj

wa:a-t:y (canonical)
wꜥtj (masculine singular)
wꜥtt (feminine singular)
wꜥtjwj (dual masculine)
wꜥtwj (dual masculine)
wꜥttj (dual feminine)
wꜥtjw (masculine plural)
wꜥtw (masculine plural)
wꜥtwt (feminine plural)
wꜥtt (feminine plural)

wꜥ (“one, alone”) + -t (feminine ending) + -j (nisba ending).


pꜣwtj

pꜣwtj (masculine singular)
pꜣwtt (feminine singular)
pꜣwtjwj (dual masculine)
pꜣwtwj (dual masculine)
pꜣwttj (dual feminine)
pꜣwtjw (masculine plural)
pꜣwtw (masculine plural)
pꜣwtwt (feminine plural)
pꜣwtt (feminine plural)

From pꜣwt (“primaeval time”) + -j (nisba ending).

primaeval (especially of gods or sacred places)


qnw

x:r-i-r-m-xt:x*t-D54-h-r:W*N5-Z1-Z3-q:n-nw:W-Z9:Y1-Z3-Hr:Z1-Aa18:Z1-M22-M22-n:n


bꜣẖ

bꜣẖ (masculine singular)
bꜣẖt (feminine singular)
bꜣẖwj (dual masculine)
bꜣẖtj (dual feminine)
bꜣẖw (masculine plural)
bꜣẖwt (feminine plural)
bꜣẖt (feminine plural)


ḏrḏr

ḏrḏr (masculine singular)
ḏrḏrt (feminine singular)
ḏrḏrwj (dual masculine)
ḏrḏrtj (dual feminine)
ḏrḏrw (masculine plural)
ḏrḏrwt (feminine plural)
ḏrḏrt (feminine plural)

/d͡ʒɛrd͡ʒɛr/

perfective active participle of ḏrḏr: strange, foreign


ḫpp

ḫpp (masculine singular)
ḫppt (feminine singular)
ḫppwj (dual masculine)
ḫpptj (dual feminine)
ḫppw (masculine plural)
ḫppwt (feminine plural)
ḫppt (feminine plural)


n wn mꜣꜥ

nj wn mꜣꜥ (masculine singular)
n wn mꜣꜥ (masculine singular)
nt wn mꜣꜥ (feminine singular)
njwj wn mꜣꜥ (dual masculine)
nwj wn mꜣꜥ (dual masculine)
ntj wn mꜣꜥ (dual feminine)
njw wn mꜣꜥ (masculine plural)
nw wn mꜣꜥ (masculine plural)
nwt wn mꜣꜥ (feminine plural)
nt wn mꜣꜥ (feminine plural)

/ɛn wɛn mɑʔɑː/

n(j) (“of”) + wn mꜣꜥ (“reality, true quality”).


jp-jb

jp-jb (masculine singular)
jpt-jb (feminine singular)
jpwj-jb (dual masculine)
jptj-jb (dual feminine)
jpw-jb (masculine plural)
jpwt-jb (feminine plural)
jpt-jb (feminine plural)

From jp (“counting, assessing, shrewd, judicious”, perfective active participle of jp (“to count, to assess, to assign, to be(come) judicious”)) + jb (“heart, mind”) in a direct genitive construction, thus “shrewd of mind”. The divine epithet can alternatively be understood with jb as the object of jp, thus “(one who is) assessing the heart/mind”, “assessor of the heart/mind”.

jp <t:counting, assessing, shrewd, judicious><pos:perfective active participle of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">jp</i> (“to count, to assess, to assign, to be(come) judicious”)>

shrewd, judicious, discerning, circumspect


jp m jb

jp m jb (masculine singular)
jpt m jb (feminine singular)
jpwj m jb (dual masculine)
jptj m jb (dual feminine)
jpw m jb (masculine plural)
jpwt m jb (feminine plural)
jpt m jb (feminine plural)

From jp (“shrewd, judicious”, perfective active participle of jp (“to count, to assess, to assign, to be(come) judicious”)) + m (“in”) + jb (“heart, mind”), thus “shrewd in mind”.

jp <t:shrewd, judicious><pos:perfective active participle of <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">jp</i> (“to count, to assess, to assign, to be(come) judicious”)>

synonym of jp-jb (“shrewd, judicious, discerning, circumspect”)


mr-snm

From mr (“painful”) + snm (“mourning, grief”), literally “painful of grief”.