jnk

i-n:k:D49 3-lit. (canonical)
jnk (infinitive)
jnkw (infinitive negative)
jnk (infinitive negative)
jnkt (infinitive)
jnk (imperative infinitive singular)
jnk (imperative infinitive plural)
jnk (stative)
ḥr jnk (imperfective)
m jnk (imperfective)
r jnk (prospective)
jnk.n (active perfect)
jnkw (passive perfect)
jnk (passive perfect)
jnk.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
jnkt (terminative)
jnk (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
jnk.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
jnk (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
jnk (active prospective)
jnkk (passive prospective)
jnk.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
jnk (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
jnk.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
jnk (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
jnk (active participle perfective)
jnk (participle passive perfective)
jnkw (participle passive perfective)
jnky (participle passive perfective)
jnk (active imperfective participle relative)
jnky (active imperfective participle relative)
jnkw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
jnk (active imperfective participle)
jnkj (active imperfective participle)
jnky (active imperfective participle)
jnk (imperfective participle passive)
jnkw (imperfective participle passive)
jnk (active participle prospective relative)
jnktj (active participle prospective relative)
jnktj (participle prospective)
jnkt (participle prospective)

Wilson suggests an origin in a later development of jnq (“to embrace”). Also compare jkn (“to seize”), which may be a further development of this word.


wn

wn-n:O31 2-lit. (canonical)
wn (infinitive)
wnw (infinitive negative)
wn (infinitive negative)
wnt (infinitive)
wn (imperative infinitive singular)
j.wn (imperative infinitive singular)
wn (imperative infinitive plural)
j.wn (imperative infinitive plural)
wn (stative)
ḥr wn (imperfective)
m wn (imperfective)
r wn (prospective)
wn.n (active perfect)
wnw (passive perfect)
wn (passive perfect)
wn.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
wnt (terminative)
wn (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
wn.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
wn (active imperfective)
j.wn (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
wn (active prospective)
wnn (passive prospective)
wn.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
wn (active subjunctive)
j.wn (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
wn.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
wn (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
wn (active participle perfective)
wnn (participle passive perfective)
wnnj (participle passive perfective)
wn (participle passive perfective)
wnw (participle passive perfective)
wny (participle passive perfective)
j.wn (active imperfective participle relative)
wn (active imperfective participle relative)
wny (active imperfective participle relative)
wnw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
j.wn (active imperfective participle)
j.wnw (active imperfective participle)
wn (active imperfective participle)
wnj (active imperfective participle)
wny (active imperfective participle)
wn (imperfective participle passive)
wnw (imperfective participle passive)
wn (active participle prospective relative)
wntj (active participle prospective relative)
wntj (participle prospective)
wnt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

wnt

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.

Demotic: wn

Coptic: ⲟⲩⲱⲛ (ouōn)

Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE

wn:n-O31:a-n:N33A-n:k-O31:O31-m-b-n-tyw-
N33A

c. 1401 BCE, Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, line 9

We open the double doors to you as baboons.

(intransitive) to open up, to permit access to oneself, to open the door (+ n: for (someone))

(transitive, rare) to unlatch (a bolt or latch)

wn-n:O31-a-Xn:n-S28-n-g-r-w-A2-A1-
-w-z:x-W10-Y1-st-t-pr-n:t-h-r-Y1-A1-m-md-d-w-w-A2

c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.1–1.2

The tent is open to the quiet man; the place of the man calm in speech is broad.

(transitive) to open the way into (a place), to open up, to make (a building, fortress, city, sanctum, tomb, cavern, land, the sky, the underworld, etc.) freely accessible

N31:t*Z1-z:S:Z9*D54-ti-i-m:a-T:n:nw-w-Z2ss:H_SPACE-wn:O31
wꜣt zš.tj mṯnw wn(.w)

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 23

The road is traversable, the paths are open.

(transitive) to open (a path), to make traversable

(transitive) to spread wide, to open (one’s hands, arms, etc.)

(transitive) to open (one’s eyes, nose, mouth, etc.)

(transitive) to stretch (one’s legs) out for walking

(transitive, Late Egyptian) to let (someone) out of confinement, to release

(transitive, Late Egyptian, of thieves) to break in to, to forcibly open (a building)


wn

wn:n-nDs (canonical masculine)
wn (singular)
wnwj (dual)
wnw (plural)


wn

egy-pron

W-n:Z2 pl 1. enclitic (‘dependent’) pronoun

W-n:Z2 pl 1. enclitic pronoun (canonical)


mkt

mkt (singular)
mktj (dual)
mkwt (plural)

mkj (“to protect”) + -t. Compare with Hebrew מגדּלה and Ugaritic 𐎎𐎂𐎄𐎍 (mgdl).

cog

Hebrew מגדּלה

ir:n-sn-t*B1:f-m:a-k:t:Y1:f-s-Hr:r-i-i-t:N31-xrw-w-A13:Z2-s-N41-m-t:D55-z:p*zp:H_SPACE*Z2ss-Sd:d:D40-xrw-w-m-Ax-x:H_SPACE-Y1:Z2:r*Z1-s
jr.n snt.f mkt.f sḥr{y}t ḫrww sḥmt zpw šd-ḫrw m ꜣḫw r(ꜣ).s

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 13–14

His sister has served as his protector, she who drove off the enemies, who put an end to the deeds of the Disturber (Set) by the magical prowess of her mouth

protection, especially magical protection


nt

→ Ancient Greek: Νηΐθ (Nēḯth)

Demotic: nt, ny(t)

Possibly from an earlier nrt (“Neith”), a feminine form of nrw (“terror, fear, terrible one”).

Neith, a primeval goddess of war and creator deity


Say

Manuel de Codage transliteration of šꜥy.


𓉗

Representing a plan of a walled rectangular enclosure, with the smaller rectangle representing the roofed living quarters.

Triliteral phonogram for ḥwt, as in ḥwt (“verse”), ḥwtt (“quarry”).


ḥwt-kꜣ-ptḥ

desc

→ Akkadian: 𒄭𒆪𒌒𒋫𒀪 (ḫi-ku-up-ta-aḫ /ḫikuptaḫ/)

→ Ancient Greek: Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos) (see there for further descendants)

→ Mycenaean Greek: 𐁁𐀓𐀠𐀴𐀍 (ai-ku-pi-ti-jo)

→ Ugaritic: 𐎈𐎋𐎔𐎚 (ḥkpt /ḥikupta/)

From ḥwt (“enclosure”) + kꜣ (“ka”) + ptḥ (“Ptah”) with direct genitive constructions, thus literally ‘house of the ka of Ptah’.

compound

d:r-p-W16-DA-DA-nw:t-M22-A40:Z2-p:t-H-Hwt-t:pr-kA-niwt

c. 725 BCE, Victory Stela of Piye (Cairo JE 48862), line 97

presenting an offering to the assembly (of gods) of the temple of Ptah

The temple of the ka of Ptah in Memphis, Egypt

-G9-Axt:Axt-H-a:y:Y1-im:Axt-im-r:n-f:im-Sw-w-ra:H_SPACE-n:t*y--m--i--T:n:ra--Hr--Z1-n:A-n-R1-t:Z2ss-ra:H_SPACE-A40-SA-m-a:Y1-!--p:t-H--Hwt-t:pr-kA*Z1:niwt-nfr-f:r-i*i:t-Y1:r-zmA-A-Y1:n-bH-D:t-niwt
[rꜥ-ḥr-ꜣḫtj-ḥꜥ-m-ꜣḫt-m-rn.f-m-šw-ntj]-m-[j]ṯn [ḥr] nꜣ n(j) ḫꜣwt rꜥ šꜣ(ꜥ)-m ḥwt-kꜣ-[ptḥ] nfryt-r zmꜣ-n-bḥḏt

c. 1351–1340 BCE, offering-list of Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten, lines 1–2

[Ra-Horakhty-who-rejoices-on-the-horizon-in-his-name-of-Light]-in-the-Sun-Disk is [upon] the altars of Ra from Memphis all the way to Zema-Behdet.

m-a:k-y:Y1-Hr-Z1-D&d:n-p:t-H-G7-aA:Y1-rsw-y:N23*Z1-inb:f-nb-G7-anx-n:x-G7-tA:tA:N23*N23-!-n-sxm-x:t*H8-I12-aA:t*Y1-U7:r-i-i-A2-p:t-H-G7--…--!-n-sw-t:n-i-i-G7-Z3A-bit:t*Z5-W23:Z2ss-n:t*y-imi-m:y-wr:r-t:pr-n:t*y-Hr-Z1-imnt-t*N23:n-Hwt-t:pr-kA-Z1-p:t-H-G7
m.k ḥr ḏd n ptḥ ꜥꜣ rs(j)-jnb.f nb ꜥnḫ-tꜣwj n sḫmt ꜥꜣt mry(t) ptḥ […] n nswtyw-bjtjw ntj jmj-wrt ntj ḥr jmnt n(j) ḥwt-kꜣ-ptḥ […]

19th Dynasty, Papyrus Sallier IV (British Museum EA 10184) verso (A Letter Concerning the Wonders of Memphis), 1.3, 2.1

Look, (I) pray to Ptah the Great, He-Who-is-South-of-His-Wall, the lord of the life of the Two Lands, to Sekhmet the Great, beloved of Ptah, […] to the Dual Kings of Egypt who are in the West [i.e. the afterworld], who are to the west of Memphis […]


ḥwt

Hwt-t:pr (canonical feminine)
ḥwt (singular)
ḥwtj (dual)
ḥwwt (plural)

→ Ancient Greek: -ὡς (-hōs)

q

Coptic: ϩⲱ (hō) (Bohairic, Sahidic, Dialect K, Old Coptic)


ḥwt

ḥwt (singular)
ḥwtj (dual)
ḥwwt (plural)

Coptic: ϩⲱⲟⲩ (hōou) (Akhmimic, Fayyumic, Sahidic)


dj

Probably an Upper Egyptian dialect doublet of ꜥꜣ (“here, there”).

but treated syntactically as masculine plurals when used with participles and relative forms

and as feminine singulars when referred to by resumptive pronouns

Originally joined by n(j) to nouns they modify


𓊁

Representing a façade of a palace or tomb.

Used to mark the name of a king, initially by being written next to it; since the middle Naqada III period, it was instead attached to a rectangular enclosure that contained the royal name, particularly the Horus name.


rs

r-s-U40-ir 2-lit. (canonical)
rs (infinitive)
rsw (infinitive negative)
rs (infinitive negative)
rst (infinitive)
rs (imperative infinitive singular)
j.rs (imperative infinitive singular)
rs (imperative infinitive plural)
j.rs (imperative infinitive plural)
rs (stative)
ḥr rs (imperfective)
m rs (imperfective)
r rs (prospective)
rs.n (active perfect)
rs.jn (active consecutive contingent)
rst (active terminative)
rs (active perfective)
rs.ḫr (active obligative)
rs (active imperfective)
j.rs (active imperfective)
rs (active prospective)
rs.kꜣ (active potential)
rs (active subjunctive)
j.rs (active subjunctive)
rs.n (active participle perfect)
rs (active participle perfective)
rss (participle passive perfective)
rssj (participle passive perfective)
rs (participle passive perfective)
rsw (participle passive perfective)
rsy (participle passive perfective)
j.rs (active imperfective participle)
rs (active imperfective participle)
rsy (active imperfective participle)
rsw (active imperfective participle)
j.rsw (active imperfective participle)
rsj (active imperfective participle)
rs (imperfective participle passive)
rsw (imperfective participle passive)
rs (active participle prospective)
rstj (active participle prospective)
rstj (participle prospective)
rst (participle prospective)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲣⲟⲉⲓⲥ (roeis)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲣⲱⲓⲥ (rōis), ⲣⲱⲥ (rōs)

desc

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲗⲁⲉⲓⲥ (laeis), ⲗⲁⲓⲥ (lais), ⲣⲁⲓⲥ (rais)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲣⲁⲓⲥ (rais)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲣⲁⲉⲓⲥ (raeis)

(intransitive) to be(come) awake, to awaken


ḥtrj

Demotic:  (ḥtr)

Bohairic Coptic: ϩⲑⲟ (htho)

Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲧⲟ (hto)

team or yoke of animals, particularly oxen


ḥzꜣt

Feminine noun formed from ḥzꜣ (“milk”) + -t (“feminine suffix”).


ssmt

ssmt (singular)
ssmtj (dual)
ssmwt (plural)


mnmnt

mnmnt (singular)
mnmntj (dual)
mnmnwt (plural)

N17:N21*p:n-M:a:f-N35B:f-TAw:f-s-M21:M-Hn:f-mn:n:mn:n-t:E1:f-nb:t-pA-i-i-t:nb:t-H_SPACE:x-t:xn-N35C:nb:t-D&d:f:t-I14:Z2:f-qmA-w&t-E29*Z2ss:f-xAst:t*Z1-!-s-U4:a-w-N-zA-Z1:H_SPACE-nw*t:pt-tA:tA:N21*N21-h:r-w-Hr:r:z
tꜣ pn m-ꜥ.f mw.f ṯꜣw.f sm(w).f mnmnt.f nbt pꜣyt nbt ḫnnt nbt ḏdfwt.f ꜥwt.f ḫꜣst smꜣꜥ.w n zꜣ nwt tꜣwj hr.w ḥr.s

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 11–12

This land is in his hand — its water and its wind, its plants and all its cattle, all that flies and all that lands, its creeping creatures and its quadrupeds of the desert, were given to the son of Nut, and the Two Lands (Egypt) are pleased with it.


ssm

ssm (singular)
ssmwj (dual)
ssmw (plural)

A Northwest Semitic loanword. Compare with Ugaritic 𐎝𐎝𐎆 (s̀ūs̀awu).


ꜥwt

N17:N21*p:n-M:a:f-N35B:f-TAw:f-s-M21:M-Hn:f-mn:n:mn:n-t:E1:f-nb:t-pA-i-i-t:nb:t-H_SPACE:x-t:xn-N35C:nb:t-D&d:f:t-I14:Z2:f-qmA-w&t-E29*Z2ss:f-xAst:t*Z1-
-s-U4:a-w-N-zA-Z1:H_SPACE-nw*t:pt-tA:tA:N21*N21-h:r-w-Hr:r:z
tꜣ pn m-ꜥ.f mw.f ṯꜣw.f sm(w).f mnmnt.f nbt pꜣyt nbt ḫnnt nbt ḏdfwt.f ꜥwt.f ḫꜣst smꜣꜥ.w n zꜣ nwt tꜣwj hr.w ḥr.s

(collective) four-legged animals in general, quadrupeds

(collective) sheep or goats, small livestock


mꜣj-ḥzꜣ

mꜣj-ḥzꜣ (singular)
mꜣjwj-ḥzꜣwj (dual)
mꜣjw-ḥzꜣw (plural)


jḥw

i-H-w-pr (canonical masculine)
jḥw (singular)
jḥwwj (dual)
jḥww (plural)


ḥḏt

ḥḏt (singular)
ḥḏtj (dual)
ḥḏwt (plural)


ḥḏt

Demotic: ḥṱy.t "white crown"

Nominalized use of the feminine form of ḥḏ (“white”). Nisba suffix present, as shown by the Demotic form ḥṱy.t.


mmj

mmj (singular)
mmjwj (dual)
mmjw (plural)


ḏrt

ḏrt (singular)
ḏrtj (dual)
ḏrwt (plural)

Demotic: trt

Bohairic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲣⲓ (tōri)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲣⲉ (tōre), ⲧⲟⲣⲉ (tore)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲣⲓ (tōri), ⲧⲱⲗⲓ (tōli), ⲧⲟⲗⲓ (toli), ⲧⲟⲣⲓ (tori)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲧⲱⲣⲉ (tōre)

→ Hebrew: זֶרֶת (zereṯ)

→ Classical Syriac: ܙܪܬܐ (zartå)

→ Classical Mandaic: ࡆࡉࡓࡕࡀ

→ Ugaritic: 𐎏𐎗𐎚 (ḏrt)


jwꜣ

jwꜣ (singular)
jwꜣwj (dual)
jwꜣw (plural)

(in the plural) long-horned cattle in contrast to wnḏw (“short-horned cattle”)

(with following genitive of an antelope, gazelle, ibex, etc.) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:


jdr

jdr (singular)
jdrwj (dual)
jdrw (plural)

herd, flock (generally any large group of animals)


jdr

i-d:r-idr (canonical masculine)
jdr (singular)
jdrwj (dual)
jdrw (plural)


jdr

i-d:r-idr 3-lit. (canonical)
jdr (infinitive)
jdrw (infinitive negative)
jdr (infinitive negative)
jdrt (infinitive)
jdr (imperative infinitive singular)
jdr (imperative infinitive plural)
jdr (stative)
ḥr jdr (imperfective)
m jdr (imperfective)
r jdr (prospective)
jdr.n (active perfect)
jdrw (passive perfect)
jdr (passive perfect)
jdr.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
jdrt (terminative)
jdr (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
jdr.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
jdr (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
jdr (active prospective)
jdrr (passive prospective)
jdr.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
jdr (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
jdr.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
jdr (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
jdr (active participle perfective)
jdr (participle passive perfective)
jdrw (participle passive perfective)
jdry (participle passive perfective)
jdr (active imperfective participle relative)
jdry (active imperfective participle relative)
jdrw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
jdr (active imperfective participle)
jdrj (active imperfective participle)
jdry (active imperfective participle)
jdr (imperfective participle passive)
jdrw (imperfective participle passive)
jdr (active participle prospective relative)
jdrtj (active participle prospective relative)
jdrtj (participle prospective)
jdrt (participle prospective)


jdr

i-d:idr 3-lit. (canonical)
jdr (infinitive)
jdrw (infinitive negative)
jdr (infinitive negative)
jdrt (infinitive)
jdr (imperative infinitive singular)
jdr (imperative infinitive plural)
jdr (stative)
ḥr jdr (imperfective)
m jdr (imperfective)
r jdr (prospective)
jdr.n (active perfect)
jdrw (passive perfect)
jdr (passive perfect)
jdr.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
jdrt (terminative)
jdr (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
jdr.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
jdr (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
jdr (active prospective)
jdrr (passive prospective)
jdr.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
jdr (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
jdr.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
jdr (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
jdr (active participle perfective)
jdr (participle passive perfective)
jdrw (participle passive perfective)
jdry (participle passive perfective)
jdr (active imperfective participle relative)
jdry (active imperfective participle relative)
jdrw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
jdr (active imperfective participle)
jdrj (active imperfective participle)
jdry (active imperfective participle)
jdr (imperfective participle passive)
jdrw (imperfective participle passive)
jdr (active participle prospective relative)
jdrtj (active participle prospective relative)
jdrtj (participle prospective)
jdrt (participle prospective)

(transitive) to withhold
(with m) to withhold from (someone)


zꜣb

zꜣb (singular)
zꜣbwj (dual)
zꜣbw (plural)

Possibly from a form such as Proto-Afroasiatic *ǯiʔib- (“beast of prey”). Compare Hebrew זְאֵב (zǝʾēḇ) and Arabic ذِئْب (ḏiʔb) from Proto-Semitic *ḏiʔb- (“wolf”), as well as Chadic ǯib- “civet”.

cog

Hebrew זְאֵב (zǝʾēḇ)


zꜣb

Hebrew זְאֵב (zǝʾēḇ)


ꜣbw

ꜣbw (singular)
ꜣbwwj (dual)
ꜣbww (plural)

cessation (+ m: cessation of (something))


ꜣbw

From Proto-Afroasiatic *leb- (compare Tangale labata, Mukulu ʾelbi).
Likely related to ꜣb (“fingernail”) via the ‘ivory, tusk’ sense.


ꜣbw

Ab-b-w-qs (canonical masculine)
Ab-b-w-qs (singular)
ꜣbw (singular)
ꜣbwwj (dual)
ꜣbww (plural)

Demotic: yb

→ Latin: ebur

⇒ Anglo-Norman: ivurie

→ Middle English: ivorie

English: ivory


ꜣbw

Ab-b-W-W7:N25 m. (canonical toponymic)
f. (canonical toponymic)

→ Aramaic: יב

→ Ancient Greek: Ἰηβ (Iēb)

Demotic: yb, ybꜣ, jb, jbꜣ

Coptic: ⲓⲏⲃ (iēb)


ꜣbw

Ab-b-w-Q7 3-lit. (canonical)
ꜣbw (infinitive)
ꜣbww (infinitive negative)
ꜣbw (infinitive negative)
ꜣbwt (infinitive)
ꜣbw (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜣbw (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜣbw (stative)
ḥr ꜣbw (imperfective)
m ꜣbw (imperfective)
r ꜣbw (prospective)
ꜣbw.n (active perfect)
ꜣbww (passive perfect)
ꜣbw (passive perfect)
ꜣbw.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ꜣbwt (terminative)
ꜣbw (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ꜣbw.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ꜣbw (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ꜣbw (active prospective)
ꜣbw (passive prospective)
ꜣbw.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ꜣbw (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ꜣbw.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ꜣbw (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ꜣbw (active participle perfective)
ꜣbw (participle passive perfective)
ꜣbww (participle passive perfective)
ꜣbwy (participle passive perfective)
ꜣbw (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜣbwy (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜣbww (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ꜣbw (active imperfective participle)
ꜣbwj (active imperfective participle)
ꜣbwy (active imperfective participle)
ꜣbw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣbww (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣbw (active participle prospective relative)
ꜣbwtj (active participle prospective relative)
ꜣbwtj (participle prospective)
ꜣbwt (participle prospective)

(transitive) to brand (cattle or slaves) (+ m or + ḥr: to brand with (a seal or name, etc.))


ngꜣw

ngꜣw (singular)
ngꜣwwj (dual)
ngꜣww (plural)


mꜣj

mꜣj (singular)
mꜣjwj (dual)
mꜣjw (plural)

Demotic: mꜣj

Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩⲓ (moui)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩⲉⲓ (mouei)


mꜣy

mꜣy (singular)
mꜣywj (dual)
mꜣyw (plural)


mjw

mjw (singular)
mjwwj (dual)
mjww (plural)

→ English: Mau

Most likely onomatopoeic, from the animal’s cry (meow). Compare Chinese 貓／猫 (māo), Lao ແມວ (mǣu).
Other hypotheses connect it to Proto-Afroasiatic *m-r or *m-l, the former on the basis of Alagwa mariy-amo (“wild cat”), Lamé Ngete mēr (“serval”) and méríán (“wild cat”), Pévé merian (“wild cat, serval”), Zime-Dari Pévé mīēr (“genette”), and the latter on the basis of Musgu ámíl (“African civet”), Bedanga Sokoro melā (“cat”). Either one of these could also be plausibly connected with the ancestor of Egyptian mꜣj (“lion”).

nw:k-Z1-mi-i-w-E13-p:f-i-i-aA:a:Y1-n:t*y-Hr*Z1:p-S:t*Z1-i-S:d-M1-r:Aa16*Z1-f:im-iwn-nw:niwt-g:r-H-w-N2-ra*Z1-p:f-i-i-n:aHA-Z9:D40-a:Z1-ir:t-A47-A-W-D40-s-b-i-w
A13:Z2-h:r-w-ra*Z1-p:f-i-i-n-H*st-m-gb-t:nDs-x:f:t-A14:Z2-nw*Z1:nb-Dr:r-A40-i-m-f
jnk mjw pfy ꜥꜣ ntj ḥr p(s)št jšd r-gs.f m jwnw grḥ pfy n(j) ꜥḥꜣ-ꜥ(w) jrt zꜣw(t) sbjw
hrw pfy n(j) ḥtmt ḫftjw nw nb-(r)-ḏr jm.f

c. 332-30 BCE, Book of the Dead of Iuefankh, chapter 17, lines 45-46 (pTurin Museo Egizio 1791)

I am that great tomcat beside whom the desert date tree was split in Heliopolis on that night of battle and the guarding of rebels,
on that day on which the enemies of the Lord of All were destroyed.


mjw

mi-i-w (canonical masculine)
mjw (singular)
mjwwj (dual)
mjww (plural)


bꜣ

Old Coptic: ⲃⲁⲓ (bai)

working power, active power, efficacy in acting on and influencing the external world and enforcing order, especially as possessed by a god

(by extension) the dead, seen as possessed of such power and needing offerings to sustain it; efficacious soul, ba


bꜣ

⇒ Demotic: bj-ꜥꜣ-n-pt (“he-goat”)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲃⲁⲁⲙⲡⲉ (baampe)


bꜣ

bA 2-lit. (canonical)
bꜣ (infinitive)
bꜣw (infinitive negative)
bꜣ (infinitive negative)
bꜣt (infinitive)
bꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
j.bꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
bꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
j.bꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
bꜣ (stative)
ḥr bꜣ (imperfective)
m bꜣ (imperfective)
r bꜣ (prospective)
bꜣ.n (active perfect)
bꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
bꜣt (active terminative)
bꜣ (active perfective)
bꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
bꜣ (active imperfective)
j.bꜣ (active imperfective)
bꜣ (active prospective)
bꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
bꜣ (active subjunctive)
j.bꜣ (active subjunctive)
bꜣ.n (active participle perfect)
bꜣ (active participle perfective)
bꜣꜣ (participle passive perfective)
bꜣꜣj (participle passive perfective)
bꜣ (participle passive perfective)
bꜣw (participle passive perfective)
bꜣy (participle passive perfective)
j.bꜣ (active imperfective participle)
bꜣ (active imperfective participle)
bꜣy (active imperfective participle)
bꜣw (active imperfective participle)
j.bꜣw (active imperfective participle)
bꜣj (active imperfective participle)
bꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
bꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
bꜣ (active participle prospective)
bꜣtj (active participle prospective)
bꜣtj (participle prospective)
bꜣt (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to be(come) an animate, efficacious soul, to possess a ba or ba-power


bꜣ

b-bA-A-U7:D40 2-lit. (canonical)
bꜣ (infinitive)
bꜣw (infinitive negative)
bꜣ (infinitive negative)
bꜣt (infinitive)
bꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
j.bꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
bꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
j.bꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
bꜣ (stative)
ḥr bꜣ (imperfective)
m bꜣ (imperfective)
r bꜣ (prospective)
bꜣ.n (active perfect)
bꜣw (passive perfect)
bꜣ (passive perfect)
bꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
bꜣt (terminative)
bꜣ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
bꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
bꜣ (active imperfective)
j.bꜣ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
bꜣ (active prospective)
bꜣꜣ (passive prospective)
bꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
bꜣ (active subjunctive)
j.bꜣ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
bꜣ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
bꜣ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
bꜣ (active participle perfective)
bꜣꜣ (participle passive perfective)
bꜣꜣj (participle passive perfective)
bꜣ (participle passive perfective)
bꜣw (participle passive perfective)
bꜣy (participle passive perfective)
j.bꜣ (active imperfective participle relative)
bꜣ (active imperfective participle relative)
bꜣy (active imperfective participle relative)
bꜣw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
j.bꜣ (active imperfective participle)
j.bꜣw (active imperfective participle)
bꜣ (active imperfective participle)
bꜣj (active imperfective participle)
bꜣy (active imperfective participle)
bꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
bꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
bꜣ (active participle prospective relative)
bꜣtj (active participle prospective relative)
bꜣtj (participle prospective)
bꜣt (participle prospective)


kꜣ

→ English: ka

c. 24th century BCE, Pyramid of King Unas, south wall of the burial chamber, column 15, Pyramid Text spell 215, section 35

You will not perish; your ka will not perish. You are the ka.

z-b-
-nfr-n:k-k:k-T:n
zb(ꜣ) nfr n k(ꜣ)w.ṯn

Early 6th Dynasty, Tomb of Nyankhnesut, Relief of Agricultural Scenes (Cleveland 1930.736), middle register, captions around flute-player

ka (Something like "life-force"; the part of the soul which the living have and the dead do not)


kꜣ

A serekh name notably borne by Predynastic king Ka


kꜣ

(with following subjunctive or nonverbal predicate) so, then, as a result; expresses future consequence

(with following suffix pronoun/subject and imperfective) then; expresses subsequent action


kꜣ

(with following suffix pronoun indicating the speaker) marks a future direct quotation; will say


kꜣ

Coptic Dialect K: ⲕⲟ (ko)

z:f-t:*T30-A24-A1-n:k\-D52-E1-Z1:Z2ss-m-O35-nDs:n-Z9-t-Q7-
-w-S:n-H1:a-n:A1-n:k\-A-p-d-w-G38:Z2ss

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 144–146

I will slaughter bulls for you as a burnt offering, having wrung the necks of birds for you.

zft.j n.k kꜣw m zj n sḏt wšn.n.j n.k ꜣpdw


m-

From Proto-Afroasiatic *m- (nominal prefix).

forms masculine abstract nouns from verbs, with the resulting root structure /ˈmiCCiC/

forms agent nouns from verbs, with the resulting root structure /ˈmaCCaC/ or /mVCˈCiCVw/ if masculine and /maCˈCaːCit/ or /mVCˈCiCwVt/ if feminine

forms instrumental nouns from verbs, with the resulting root structure /ˈmaCCaC/ or /mVCˈCiCVw/ if masculine and /maCˈCaːCit/ or /mVCˈCiCwVt/ if feminine

forms passive nouns from verbs, with the resulting root structure /miˈCuːCiC/ if masculine and /miˈCuCCit/ if feminine

forms nouns from other nouns with no apparent change in meaning, with the resulting root structure unchanged but for the addition of /ma-/ and the loss of final -w in masculine nouns


gmt

g-m-t (canonical feminine)
g-m-t (singular)
gmt (singular)
gmtj (dual)
gmwt (plural)


jwnw

iwn-nw:niwt m. (canonical toponymic)
f. (canonical toponymic)

Demotic: jwnw

Coptic: ⲱⲛ (ōn)

→ Ancient Greek: Ὠν (Ōn), Ὀνίου (Oníou)

→ Hebrew: אֹן (ʾōn), אָוֶן (ʾāwen)

→ Middle Babylonian: 𒀀𒈾 (a-na)

→ Neo-Assyrian: 𒌑𒉡 (ú-nu)

Likely from the plural of jwn (“pillar, column”), thus literally meaning ‘Pillars’.


ꜥẖj

a:X-H5 3ae inf. (canonical)
ꜥẖt (infinitive)
ꜥẖj (infinitive)
ꜥẖw (infinitive negative)
ꜥẖ (infinitive negative)
ꜥẖwt (infinitive)
ꜥẖyt (infinitive)
ꜥẖ (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜥẖ (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜥẖy (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜥẖ (stative)
ꜥẖẖ (stative)
ḥr ꜥẖt (imperfective)
ḥr ꜥẖj (imperfective)
m ꜥẖt (imperfective)
m ꜥẖj (imperfective)
r ꜥẖt (prospective)
r ꜥẖj (prospective)
ꜥẖ.n (active perfect)
ꜥẖw (passive perfect)
ꜥẖ (passive perfect)
ꜥẖy (passive perfect)
ꜥẖ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ꜥẖt (terminative)
ꜥẖyt (terminative)
ꜥẖ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ꜥẖ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ꜥẖ (active imperfective)
ꜥẖy (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ꜥẖw (active prospective)
ꜥẖ (active prospective)
ꜥẖy (active prospective)
ꜥẖw (passive prospective)
ꜥẖ (passive prospective)
ꜥẖy (passive prospective)
ꜥẖ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ꜥẖ (active subjunctive)
ꜥẖy (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ꜥẖ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ꜥẖw (active participle perfective relative)
ꜥẖy (active participle perfective relative)
ꜥẖ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ꜥẖ (active participle perfective)
ꜥẖy (participle passive perfective)
ꜥẖ (participle passive perfective)
ꜥẖẖ (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜥẖẖy (active imperfective participle relative)
ꜥẖẖw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ꜥẖẖ (active imperfective participle)
ꜥẖẖj (active imperfective participle)
ꜥẖẖy (active imperfective participle)
ꜥẖẖ (imperfective participle passive)
ꜥẖẖw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜥẖw (active participle prospective relative)
ꜥẖy (active participle prospective relative)
ꜥẖ (active participle prospective relative)
ꜥẖtj (active participle prospective relative)
ꜥẖwtj (participle prospective)
ꜥẖtj (participle prospective)
ꜥẖt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

ꜥẖt, ꜥẖyt

ḥr ꜥẖt, ḥr ꜥẖj

ꜥẖw, ꜥẖ, ꜥẖy

ꜥẖw, ꜥẖ, ꜥẖy

ꜥẖw, ꜥẖ, ꜥẖy

ꜥẖw.tj1, ꜥẖ.tj1, ꜥẖy.tj1, ꜥẖw.tw2, ꜥẖ.tw2, ꜥẖy.tw2

ꜥẖw1, ꜥẖy, ꜥẖ

ꜥẖẖ, ꜥẖẖy, ꜥẖẖw5

ꜥẖẖ, ꜥẖẖj6, ꜥẖẖy6

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.
# Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">-y</i> instead of the expected stative ending.

(intransitive) to fly (+ m: from, out of (a place); + r: to (a place))

b-i-k-G6-a:X-H5:f-H-n:a-T18-s-W-D54:A1-Z2:f-D35:n-r:D37-t:r*-x:Y1-s*t-A12-A1:Z2-f

c. 1800 BCE, The Story of Sinuhe, version R (pRamesseum A/pBerlin 10499, Verso)

The falcon flew off together with his retinue without letting his army know about it.

bjk ꜥẖj.f ḥnꜥ šmsw.f nn rḏjt rḫ st mšꜥ.f


ḫnms

x:n-nm-m-s-A21-Y1 4-lit. (canonical)
ḫnms (infinitive)
ḫnmsw (infinitive negative)
ḫnms (infinitive negative)
ḫnmst (infinitive)
ḫnms (imperative infinitive singular)
ḫnms (imperative infinitive plural)
ḫnms (stative)
ḥr ḫnms (imperfective)
m ḫnms (imperfective)
r ḫnms (prospective)
ḫnms.n (active perfect)
ḫnmsw (passive perfect)
ḫnms (passive perfect)
ḫnms.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
ḫnmst (terminative)
ḫnms (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
ḫnms.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
ḫnms (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
ḫnmsw (active prospective)
ḫnms (active prospective)
ḫnmsw (passive prospective)
ḫnms (passive prospective)
ḫnms.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
ḫnms (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
ḫnms.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
ḫnms (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
ḫnms (active participle perfective)
ḫnms (participle passive perfective)
ḫnmsw (participle passive perfective)
ḫnmsy (participle passive perfective)
ḫnms (active imperfective participle relative)
ḫnmsy (active imperfective participle relative)
ḫnmsw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
ḫnms (active imperfective participle)
ḫnmsj (active imperfective participle)
ḫnmsy (active imperfective participle)
ḫnms (imperfective participle passive)
ḫnmsw (imperfective participle passive)
ḫnms (active participle prospective relative)
ḫnmstj (active participle prospective relative)
ḫnmswtj (participle prospective)
ḫnmstj (participle prospective)
ḫnmst (participle prospective)

ḫnmst

ḫnmsw.tj1, ḫnms.tj1, ḫnmsw.tw2, ḫnms.tw2


ḫnms

ḫnms (singular)
ḫnmswj (dual)
ḫnmsw (plural)


gwš

g-w-S:D4 3-lit. (canonical)
gwš (infinitive)
gwšw (infinitive negative)
gwš (infinitive negative)
gwšt (infinitive)
gwš (imperative infinitive singular)
gwš (imperative infinitive plural)
gwš (stative)
ḥr gwš (imperfective)
m gwš (imperfective)
r gwš (prospective)
gwš.n (active perfect)
gwšw (passive perfect)
gwš (passive perfect)
gwš.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
gwšt (terminative)
gwš (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
gwš.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
gwš (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
gwš (active prospective)
gwšš (passive prospective)
gwš.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
gwš (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
gwš.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
gwš (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
gwš (active participle perfective)
gwš (participle passive perfective)
gwšw (participle passive perfective)
gwšy (participle passive perfective)
gwš (active imperfective participle relative)
gwšy (active imperfective participle relative)
gwšw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
gwš (active imperfective participle)
gwšj (active imperfective participle)
gwšy (active imperfective participle)
gwš (imperfective participle passive)
gwšw (imperfective participle passive)
gwš (active participle prospective relative)
gwštj (active participle prospective relative)
gwštj (participle prospective)
gwšt (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to be(come) twisted, bent, askew


pꜣj

p-pA-A-H5 3ae inf. (canonical)
pꜣt (infinitive)
pꜣj (infinitive)
pꜣw (infinitive negative)
pꜣ (infinitive negative)
pꜣwt (infinitive)
pꜣyt (infinitive)
pꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
pꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
pꜣy (imperative infinitive plural)
pꜣ (stative)
ḥr pꜣt (imperfective)
ḥr pꜣj (imperfective)
m pꜣt (imperfective)
m pꜣj (imperfective)
r pꜣt (prospective)
r pꜣj (prospective)
pꜣ.n (active perfect)
pꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
pꜣt (active terminative)
pꜣyt (active terminative)
pꜣ (active perfective)
pꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
pꜣ (active imperfective)
pꜣy (active imperfective)
pꜣw (active prospective)
pꜣ (active prospective)
pꜣy (active prospective)
pꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
pꜣ (active subjunctive)
pꜣy (active subjunctive)
pꜣ.n (active participle perfect)
pꜣw (active participle perfective)
pꜣy (active participle perfective)
pꜣ (active participle perfective)
pꜣy (participle passive perfective)
pꜣ (participle passive perfective)
pꜣ (active imperfective participle)
pꜣy (active imperfective participle)
pꜣw (active imperfective participle)
pꜣj (active imperfective participle)
pꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
pꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
pꜣw (active participle prospective)
pꜣy (active participle prospective)
pꜣ (active participle prospective)
pꜣtj (active participle prospective)
pꜣwtj (participle prospective)
pꜣtj (participle prospective)
pꜣt (participle prospective)

pꜣt, pꜣyt

pꜣw.tj1, pꜣ.tj1, pꜣy.tj1, pꜣw.tw2, pꜣ.tw2, pꜣy.tw2

Compare with Classical Syriac ܦܪܚ (peraḥ).


pꜣj

G41-A-y m sg demonstrative determiner (canonical)
pn (determiner masculine proximal-to-speaker singular)
tn (determiner feminine proximal-to-speaker singular)
jtn (determiner feminine proximal-to-speaker singular)
jpnj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-speaker)
jptnj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-speaker)
jpn (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-speaker)
jptn (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-speaker)
nn (pronoun proximal-to-speaker)
pf (determiner distal masculine singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine singular)
jpfj (determiner distal dual masculine)
jptfj (determiner distal dual feminine)
jpf (determiner distal masculine plural)
jptf (determiner distal feminine plural)
nf (distal pronoun)
pj (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
pw (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
py (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
p (determiner masculine proximal-to-topic singular)
tj (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
tw (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
jtw (determiner feminine proximal-to-topic singular)
jpwj (determiner dual masculine proximal-to-topic)
jptwj (determiner dual feminine proximal-to-topic)
jpw (determiner masculine plural proximal-to-topic)
jptw (determiner feminine plural proximal-to-topic)
nw (pronoun proximal-to-topic)
pꜣ (determiner masculine singular vocative)
tꜣ (determiner feminine singular vocative)
nꜣ (pronoun vocative)
ꜥꜣ (adverb vocative)
pn (determiner masculine pronoun proximal singular)
tn (determiner feminine pronoun proximal singular)
nn (determiner plural pronoun proximal)
ꜥn (adverb proximal)
pf (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
pfꜣ (determiner distal masculine pronoun singular)
tf (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
tfꜣ (determiner distal feminine pronoun singular)
nf (determiner distal plural pronoun)
nfꜣ (determiner distal plural pronoun)
ꜥf (adverb distal)
pw (copulative determiner masculine pronoun singular)
pw (determiner masculine pronoun singular vocative)
pwy (copulative determiner masculine pronoun singular)
pwy (determiner masculine pronoun singular vocative)
tw (copulative determiner feminine pronoun singular)
tw (determiner feminine pronoun singular vocative)
twy (copulative determiner feminine pronoun singular)
twy (determiner feminine pronoun singular vocative)
nw (copulative determiner plural pronoun)
nw (determiner plural pronoun vocative)
pꜣ (anaphoric determiner masculine pronoun singular)
tꜣ (anaphoric determiner feminine pronoun singular)
nꜣ (anaphoric determiner plural pronoun)
ꜥꜣ (adverb anaphoric)
pꜣw (pronoun)
dj (adverb pronoun)
pꜣj (determiner masculine pronoun)
tꜣj (determiner feminine pronoun)
nꜣj (determiner plural pronoun)
dj (adverb determiner pronoun)
pꜣy (determiner masculine possessive)
tꜣy (determiner feminine possessive)
nꜣy (determiner plural possessive)
dj (adverb determiner possessive)
p-n (masculine possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (masculine possessive pronoun)
t-nt (feminine possessive pronoun)
tꜣ (feminine possessive pronoun)
nꜣyw (plural possessive pronoun)
nꜣ (plural possessive pronoun)
dj (adverb possessive pronoun)
pꜣ (article definite masculine)
tꜣ (article definite feminine)
nꜣ (article definite plural)
dj (adverb article definite)
wꜥ (article indefinite)
nhꜣy (article indefinite plural)
dj (adverb article indefinite)

Coptic: ⲡⲁⲓ̈ (paï), ⲡⲉ (pe)


gmj

gm-m 3ae inf. (canonical)
gmt (infinitive)
gmj (infinitive)
gmw (infinitive negative)
gm (infinitive negative)
gmwt (infinitive)
gmyt (infinitive)
gm (imperative infinitive singular)
gm (imperative infinitive plural)
gmy (imperative infinitive plural)
gm (stative)
gmm (stative)
ḥr gmt (imperfective)
ḥr gmj (imperfective)
m gmt (imperfective)
m gmj (imperfective)
r gmt (prospective)
r gmj (prospective)
gm.n (active perfect)
gmw (passive perfect)
gm (passive perfect)
gmy (passive perfect)
gm.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
gmt (terminative)
gmyt (terminative)
gm (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
gm.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
gm (active imperfective)
gmy (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
gmw (active prospective)
gm (active prospective)
gmy (active prospective)
gmw (passive prospective)
gm (passive prospective)
gmy (passive prospective)
gm.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
gm (active subjunctive)
gmy (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
gm.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
gmw (active participle perfective relative)
gmy (active participle perfective relative)
gm (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
gm (active participle perfective)
gmy (participle passive perfective)
gm (participle passive perfective)
gmm (active imperfective participle relative)
gmmy (active imperfective participle relative)
gmmw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
gmm (active imperfective participle)
gmmj (active imperfective participle)
gmmy (active imperfective participle)
gmm (imperfective participle passive)
gmmw (imperfective participle passive)
gmw (active participle prospective relative)
gmy (active participle prospective relative)
gm (active participle prospective relative)
gmtj (active participle prospective relative)
gmwtj (participle prospective)
gmtj (participle prospective)
gmt (participle prospective)

gmt, gmyt

gmw.tj1, gm.tj1, gmy.tj1, gmw.tw2, gm.tw2, gmy.tw2

Demotic: gm

Bohairic Coptic: ϫⲓⲙⲓ (čimi)

Sahidic Coptic: ϭⲓⲛⲉ (cine)

desc

Fayyumic Coptic: ϭⲓⲙⲓ (cimi), ϭⲓⲛⲓ (cini), ϫⲓⲛⲓ (čini), ϭⲓⲛⲉ (cine)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϭⲓⲛⲉ (cine)

Akhmimic Coptic: ϭⲓⲛⲉ (cine)

[Old Kingdom,Middle Kingdom,Late Period, Greco-Roman Period]

st-t:H8-x-Ax-t:H_SPACE-nD-nw*t:Y1-sn-A40-s-H-H-t:D54-sw-w-D35:t*t-b-g:g-A7:z-!-pXr:r:t*D54-N17:N21*Z1-p:n-m-HA-i-i-t:nDs-D35:x:n-xn-D54:n:z-D35:gm-m-t-w-s-sw-w
ꜣst ꜣḫt nḏt sn.s ḥḥt sw jwtt b(ꜣ)gg.s pẖrt tꜣ pn m ḥꜣyt nj ḫn.n.s nj gm.tw.s sw

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 14–15

capable Isis who saved her brother, who sought him without wearying, who circled this land in mourning, not alighting so long as he was not found

(transitive, also used with a genitive or r) To find a way to go.

(with a genitive) To find a way to do something.

(transitive) To find a way out (of difficulties, etc.).

gm-m-n:A1-d-A-b-M43-N33C:Z2-i-A-r:*r-t:D5-N33C:Z2-i-m-i-A-q-t-Hn-Z3A-nb:t-A51-s-t-Y2

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 47–48

I found figs and grapes there, and splendid vegetables of all kinds.

(transitive) To come across, happen upon.

k\:f-S28-n:A1-Hr-Z1-A1-gm-m-n:A1-H-f:A-w-I14-p-w-i-w-f-m-ii-i-t:D54

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 60–62

When I uncovered my face, I found it was a snake. He was coming!

(transitive) To ascertain, discern, recognize.

s-r:w-d:T12:n-gm:t*n-w:z-T:nDs-V14:z:Tz:n-gm:t*n-f:d:q-V1-mH:Y1:n-gm:t*n-i*A:T
srwd.n(.j) gmt.n(.j) wzṯ(.w) ṯz.n(.j) gmt.n(.j) fdq(.w) mḥ.n(.j) gmt.n(.j) jꜣṯ(.w)

c. 2112–2063 BCE (reign of Intef II), Funerary stele of Rediu-Khnum from his tomb at Dendera (UE 6) (Cairo CG 20543), line A13–A14

I made firm what I found dilapidated; I joined together what I found cut apart; I replenished what I found injured.

aHa-a:n-Sm-m-D54-k\-w-A1-r-s-mi-i-t-A2-s-t-gm-m-n:A1-sw-W-r:x-Y2-s-t

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) line 157

Then I went to report it but found him (already) aware of it.

(transitive) To determine or find to be in a particular state.

gm:M-n:t*w-G5-xrw-f:mAa:a-w-r:a-w-n:f-t-O44-Z1-n:t:t:f
gm.n.tw ḥr ḫrw.f mꜣꜥ.w rdjw n.f jꜣwt nt (j)t.f

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) line 18

Horus was found justified; the office of his father was given to him.

(transitive) To officially establish or determine; to judge, to rule.

(transitive) To calculate (a numerical result).

(transitive) To achieve, receive (a position).

(intransitive, of a limb) To know how to use properly.

(catenative, generally negated) To be able to.


mꜣ-ḥḏ

mꜣ-ḥḏ (singular)
mꜣwj-ḥḏwj (dual)
mꜣw-ḥḏw (plural)


mꜣtt

mꜣtt (singular)
mꜣttj (dual)
mꜣtwt (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲙⲓⲧ (emit)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲓⲧ (mit)


sꜣbt

sꜣbt (singular)
sꜣbtj (dual)
sꜣbwt (plural)


ꜣby

ꜣby (singular)
ꜣbywj (dual)
ꜣbyw (plural)

a lithe spotted big cat, including both leopards and cheetahs; ‘panther’ .


mꜣt

mꜣt (singular)
mꜣtj (dual)
mꜣwt (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲓⲏ (miē), ⲙⲟⲩⲓⲏ (mouiē), ⲙⲩⲏ (muē), ⲙⲓⲉ (mie)


ẖꜣr

ẖꜣr (singular)
ẖꜣrwj (dual)
ẖꜣrw (plural)

a dry measure of volume equivalent to 10 ḥqꜣwt (about 48 litres) .

a dry measure of volume equivalent to 4 jpwt or 16 ḥqꜣwt (about 76.8 litres)


hnw

hnw (singular)
hnwwj (dual)
hnww (plural)

→ Hebrew: הִֽין

→ Latin: hin

→ English: hin

a liquid measure of volume equivalent to 32 r(ꜣ)w or ¹⁄₁₀ of a ḥqꜣt (about 0.48 litres).


hnw

i-w-h-i-i-Y2:n-r:a-ra*Z1-r:r*Z1-O31:O31-tA:N23*Z1-!-h-nw-W-A4-n:k-z:r-q:Y2-Ax-x-H_SPACE:ra-w-aq-q:H_SPACE-k-dwA-pr:n-wr:r-t:xAst
jw hy n rꜥ r r(ꜣ) ꜥꜣwj tꜣ hnw n.k srq ꜣḫw ꜥq.k sbꜣ n(j) wrt

c. 1401 BCE, Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, lines 8–9

May there be cries of joy for Ra at the opening of the double doors of the earth, and acclaim for you who make the akh-spirits breathe when you enter the door of the Great (i.e. the afterworld).

acclaim, praise, worship (of man or god)


ḥqꜣt

ḥqꜣt (singular)
ḥqꜣtj (dual)
ḥqꜣwt (plural)

ḥqꜣ (“ruler; to rule”) + -t (“feminine ending”).


ḥqꜣt

→ English: heqat

a dry measure of volume equivalent to 10 hnw, or 4.8 litres.


šnꜥtj

šnꜥtj (singular)
šnꜥtjwj (dual)
šnꜥtjw (plural)

a measure of weight equivalent to ¹⁄₁₂ dbn, or 7.58 grams .


qdt

qdt (singular)
qdtj (dual)
qdwt (plural)

Demotic: qt

Coptic: ⲕⲓⲧⲉ (kite)

→ English: kite

→ English: qite

a qite, a measure of weight equivalent to ¹⁄₁₀ dbn, or 9.1 grams .


𓄈

Representing the head and neck of an animal.

Determinative in ḫḫ (“throat”) and words involving activities of the throat, e.g. ꜥm (“to swallow”).


jpt

jpt (singular)
jptj (dual)
jpwt (plural)

desc

→ Ancient Greek: οἰφί (oiphí), ἴφι (íphi)

→ Arabic: وَيْبَة (wayba)

Maltese: wejba

→ Hebrew: אֵיפָה (ʾêp̄â)

→ Hebrew: אֵיפָה (ʾêp̄â)

Demotic: jpy.t

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲁⲉⲓⲡⲉ (aeipe)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲱⲓⲡⲓ (ōipi)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁⲓⲡⲓ (aipi), ⲁⲓⲡⲉ (aipe)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲉⲓⲡⲉ (oeipe), ⲟⲓⲡⲉ (oipe)

oipe, a dry measure of volume equivalent to 4 ḥqꜣwt (about 19.2 litres or 0.54 bushels).


jpt

Demotic: jp, jp.t, jpy.t

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲏⲡⲉ (ēpe)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲏⲡⲓ (ēpi)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲏⲡⲓ (ēpi), ⲏⲡⲉ (ēpe), ⲏⲏⲡⲉ (ēēpe)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲏⲡⲉ (ēpe)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲏⲡⲉ (ēpe), ⲏⲏⲡⲉ (ēēpe)


jpt

→⇒ Ancient Greek: Θῆβαι (Thêbai)


jpt

Demotic: jpt

Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲫⲟⲧ (aphot)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁⲡⲁⲧ (apat)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲡⲟⲧ (apot)


šꜣ

SA-A-Y1 2-lit. (canonical)
3ae inf. (canonical)
šꜣ (infinitive)
šꜣw (infinitive negative)
šꜣ (infinitive negative)
šꜣt (infinitive)
šꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
j.šꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
šꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
j.šꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
šꜣ (stative)
ḥr šꜣ (imperfective)
m šꜣ (imperfective)
r šꜣ (prospective)
šꜣ.n (active perfect)
šꜣw (passive perfect)
šꜣ (passive perfect)
šꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
šꜣt (terminative)
šꜣ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
šꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
šꜣ (active imperfective)
j.šꜣ (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
šꜣ (active prospective)
šꜣꜣ (passive prospective)
šꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
šꜣ (active subjunctive)
j.šꜣ (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
šꜣ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
šꜣ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
šꜣ (active participle perfective)
šꜣꜣ (participle passive perfective)
šꜣꜣj (participle passive perfective)
šꜣ (participle passive perfective)
šꜣw (participle passive perfective)
šꜣy (participle passive perfective)
j.šꜣ (active imperfective participle relative)
šꜣ (active imperfective participle relative)
šꜣy (active imperfective participle relative)
šꜣw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
j.šꜣ (active imperfective participle)
j.šꜣw (active imperfective participle)
šꜣ (active imperfective participle)
šꜣj (active imperfective participle)
šꜣy (active imperfective participle)
šꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
šꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
šꜣ (active participle prospective relative)
šꜣtj (active participle prospective relative)
šꜣtj (participle prospective)
šꜣt (participle prospective)
šꜣt (infinitive)
šꜣj (infinitive)
šꜣw (infinitive negative)
šꜣ (infinitive negative)
šꜣwt (infinitive)
šꜣyt (infinitive)
šꜣ (imperative infinitive singular)
šꜣ (imperative infinitive plural)
šꜣy (imperative infinitive plural)
šꜣ (stative)
šꜣꜣ (stative)
ḥr šꜣt (imperfective)
ḥr šꜣj (imperfective)
m šꜣt (imperfective)
m šꜣj (imperfective)
r šꜣt (prospective)
r šꜣj (prospective)
šꜣ.n (active perfect)
šꜣw (passive perfect)
šꜣ (passive perfect)
šꜣy (passive perfect)
šꜣ.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
šꜣt (terminative)
šꜣyt (terminative)
šꜣ (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
šꜣ.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
šꜣ (active imperfective)
šꜣy (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
šꜣw (active prospective)
šꜣ (active prospective)
šꜣy (active prospective)
šꜣw (passive prospective)
šꜣ (passive prospective)
šꜣy (passive prospective)
šꜣ.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
šꜣ (active subjunctive)
šꜣy (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
šꜣ.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
šꜣw (active participle perfective relative)
šꜣy (active participle perfective relative)
šꜣ (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
šꜣ (active participle perfective)
šꜣy (participle passive perfective)
šꜣ (participle passive perfective)
šꜣꜣ (active imperfective participle relative)
šꜣꜣy (active imperfective participle relative)
šꜣꜣw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
šꜣꜣ (active imperfective participle)
šꜣꜣj (active imperfective participle)
šꜣꜣy (active imperfective participle)
šꜣꜣ (imperfective participle passive)
šꜣꜣw (imperfective participle passive)
šꜣw (active participle prospective relative)
šꜣy (active participle prospective relative)
šꜣ (active participle prospective relative)
šꜣtj (active participle prospective relative)
šꜣwtj (participle prospective)
šꜣtj (participle prospective)
šꜣt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

šꜣt, šꜣyt

ḥr šꜣt, ḥr šꜣj

šꜣw, šꜣ, šꜣy

šꜣw, šꜣ, šꜣy

šꜣw, šꜣ, šꜣy

šꜣw.tj1, šꜣ.tj1, šꜣy.tj1, šꜣw.tw2, šꜣ.tw2, šꜣy.tw2

šꜣw1, šꜣy, šꜣ

šꜣꜣ, šꜣꜣy, šꜣꜣw5

šꜣꜣ, šꜣꜣj6, šꜣꜣy6

Dr-r:n-D&d-n:f-H_SPACE:n-s-n:Z2-i-r-n:t**t-nb:t-m-zS-Y1-Hr-Z1-p-G41-A-S-f:d-w-arq-!-sDm-m-s-t-mi-i-D&d-A1-s-t-m-z:n-X4-Y1-HA-A-Y1:Z2-Hr-Z1-SA-A-A-t-Y1:Z2
ḏr.n ḏd.n.f n.sn jr ntt nbt m zẖꜣ ḥr pꜣ šfdw sḏm st mj ḏd.j st (j)m zn ḥꜣw ḥr šꜣꜣt

c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 2.4–2.5

In the end he said to them: As for everything in the writing on this scroll, heed it as I say it; don’t exceed what has been set down.

(transitive) to put in order, to establish, to decree, to determine


ꜥꜣ

ꜥꜣ (masculine singular)
ꜥꜣt (feminine singular)
ꜥꜣwj (dual masculine)
ꜥꜣtj (dual feminine)
ꜥꜣw (masculine plural)
ꜥꜣwt (feminine plural)
ꜥꜣt (feminine plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲟ (o), ⲱ (ō)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁ (a)

Old Coptic: ⲟ (o), ⲱ (ō), ⲁ- (a-)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲟ (o), ⲱ (ō), ⲟⲩ (ou)

perfective active participle of ꜥꜣj: big, great, important


ꜥꜣ

s-D:d-A2-A1-G30-Y2:Z2-k\:n-I3-I3-G7-a:A1-z:S-A-Y2:f-m-aA:a-A-Y1-k\

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 139–140

I will recount your ba-power to the sovereign and make him aware of your greatness.

greatness; prestige and power or importance


ꜥꜣ

aA:a-A (canonical masculine)
ꜥꜣ (singular)
ꜥꜣwj (dual)
ꜥꜣw (plural)

⇒ Demotic: ꜥꜣ n

Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲛ- (an-)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲁⲛ- (an-)

distinguished or respected person or god, great one


ꜥꜣ

Demotic: ꜥꜣ

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲓⲟⲩ (iou)

desc

Bohairic Coptic: ⲓⲱ (iō), ⲉⲱ (eō), ⲓⲁⲱ (iaō)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲓⲱ (iō)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲉⲓⲱ (eiō)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲓⲱ (eiō), ⲓⲱ (iō), ⲉⲉⲓⲱ (eeiō), ⲉⲓⲟⲩ (eiou), ⲉⲱ (eō), ⲉⲟⲩ (eou), ⲓⲁⲱ (iaō)

Possibly onomatopoeic, from the animal’s cry (hee-haw).


ꜥꜣ

wn:n-O31:a-n:k-i-mn:n-t:Y2-S:tA-t:Y2-ir-w-A53-Y2:N33A-z:n:S-O31:a-n:k-O31:O31-niwt-wr:r-t:xAst

c. 1401 BCE, Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, line 7

As the hidden region, secret of forms, is opened to you, so the double doors of the Great City are unstopped for you.

wn n.k jmnt štꜣt jrww snš n.k ꜥꜣwj nwt wrt


jd

Alternative transliteration of jdw (“boy, young man”).


dbn

dbn (singular)
dbnwj (dual)
dbnw (plural)

the metal counterweight in balance scales

an (earlier) deben, a measure of weight equivalent to about 13.6 grams.

a (later) deben, a measure of weight equivalent to 12 šnꜥtjw (“rings”) or 10 qdwt (“qites”) (about 91 grams).


dbn

d-b-n:F47 3-lit. (canonical)
dbn (infinitive)
dbnw (infinitive negative)
dbn (infinitive negative)
dbnt (infinitive)
dbn (imperative infinitive singular)
dbn (imperative infinitive plural)
dbn (stative)
ḥr dbn (imperfective)
m dbn (imperfective)
r dbn (prospective)
dbn.n (active perfect)
dbnw (passive perfect)
dbn (passive perfect)
dbn.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
dbnt (terminative)
dbn (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
dbn.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
dbn (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
dbn (active prospective)
dbnn (passive prospective)
dbn.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
dbn (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
dbn.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
dbn (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
dbn (active participle perfective)
dbn (participle passive perfective)
dbnw (participle passive perfective)
dbny (participle passive perfective)
dbn (active imperfective participle relative)
dbny (active imperfective participle relative)
dbnw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
dbn (active imperfective participle)
dbnj (active imperfective participle)
dbny (active imperfective participle)
dbn (imperfective participle passive)
dbnw (imperfective participle passive)
dbn (active participle prospective relative)
dbntj (active participle prospective relative)
dbntj (participle prospective)
dbnt (participle prospective)

(transitive) to go around, to circumambulate

(transitive) to encircle
(+ m) to encircle with


dsj

Alternative form of ḏws (“to malign, to slander”)


mrrt

mrrt (singular)
mrrtj (dual)
mrrwt (plural)


sṯꜣt

sṯꜣt (singular)
sṯꜣtj (dual)
sṯꜣwt (plural)

Demotic: stꜣ

Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲱⲧ (sōt)

an aroura, a measure of area equivalent to 100 mḥw-tꜣ (“centarouras”) or 10 000 square mḥw (“cubits”) (about 0.28 hectares).


.t

(attached to a stative verb form) Abbreviation of .tj (“you, she, her, they, them”).


.ṯ

T f sg 2. suffix pronoun (canonical)
.k (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.kj (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.ṯ (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.ṯn (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.f (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.fj (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.s (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.sj (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.nj (dual first-person personal pronoun suffix)
.ṯnj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person suffix)
.snj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun suffix third-person)
.n (first-person personal plural pronoun suffix)
.ṯn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.sn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
w (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
wj (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
wy (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
kw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
k (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯ (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯm (enclitic feminine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯn (enclitic feminine personal pronoun second-person singular)
sw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
s (enclitic masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
s (enclitic feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ṯnj (dual enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person)
snj (dual enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun third-person)
n (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
ṯn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person)
sn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
jnk (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
ṯwt (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ṯmt (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
swt (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
stt (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
ntsnj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun stressed third-person)
ntṯn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ntsn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
jntsn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
.kj (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.k (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.tj (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.t (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.tj (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.t (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.tjwn (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person stative)
.wy (dual masculine personal pronoun stative third-person)
.wj (dual masculine personal pronoun stative third-person)
.ty (dual feminine personal pronoun stative third-person)
.wn (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.nw (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.tjwn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stative)
.w (masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.y (masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.wy (masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.tj (feminine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.t (feminine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.k (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.kj (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.ṯ (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.t (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.f (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.fj (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.s (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.sj (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.nj (dual first-person personal pronoun suffix)
.ṯnj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person suffix)
.tnj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person suffix)
.snj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun suffix third-person)
.n (first-person personal plural pronoun suffix)
.ṯn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.tn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.sn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
.w (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
wj (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
w (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
ṯw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
tw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯn (enclitic feminine personal pronoun second-person singular)
tn (enclitic feminine personal pronoun second-person singular)
sw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
st (enclitic masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sj (enclitic feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
s (enclitic feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
st (enclitic feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
n (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
ṯn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person)
tn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person)
sn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
st (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
jnk (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
ntk (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ṯwt (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ntṯ (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ntt (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ṯwt (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ntf (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
swt (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
nts (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
swt (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
jnn (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
ntṯn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
nttn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ntsn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
.kw (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.tj (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.t (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.tw (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.tj (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.t (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.tw (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.wn (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.wjn (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.tjwn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stative)
.tjwnj (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stative)
.w (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.y (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
tw.j (first-person personal proclitic pronoun singular)
tw.k (masculine personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
tw.t (feminine personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
sw (masculine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
sj (feminine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
st (feminine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
tw.n (first-person personal plural proclitic pronoun)
tw.tn (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
st (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
.k (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.kw (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.t (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.f (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.fj (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.s (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.st (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.sw (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.n (first-person personal plural pronoun suffix)
.tn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.twn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.w (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
.sn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
wj (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
tw (enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
tj (enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
sw (enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
st (enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
n (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
wn (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
twn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person)
sn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
st (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
jnk (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
mntk (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
mtwk (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
mntt (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
mtwy (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
mntf (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
mntst (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
mntjst (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
jnn (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
mnttn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
mntw (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
.kw (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.k (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.tj (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.tw (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.w (masculine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.y (masculine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.tj (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.tw (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.nw (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.tn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stative)
.w (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.y (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
tw.j (first-person personal proclitic pronoun singular)
tw.k (masculine personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
tw.t (feminine personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
sw (masculine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
st (feminine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
sw (feminine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
tw.n (first-person personal plural proclitic pronoun)
tw.tn (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
st (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
sw (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
swt (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)

From Proto-Egyptian *-kʲi, from Proto-Afroasiatic *-ki (second-person possessive suffix). Compare Iraqw -ki.


.s

s f sg 3. suffix pronoun (canonical)
.k (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.kj (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.ṯ (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.ṯn (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.f (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.fj (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.s (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.sj (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.nj (dual first-person personal pronoun suffix)
.ṯnj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person suffix)
.snj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun suffix third-person)
.n (first-person personal plural pronoun suffix)
.ṯn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.sn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
w (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
wj (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
wy (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
kw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
k (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯ (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯm (enclitic feminine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯn (enclitic feminine personal pronoun second-person singular)
sw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
s (enclitic masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
s (enclitic feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ṯnj (dual enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person)
snj (dual enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun third-person)
n (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
ṯn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person)
sn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
jnk (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
ṯwt (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ṯmt (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
swt (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
stt (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
ntsnj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun stressed third-person)
ntṯn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ntsn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
jntsn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
.kj (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.k (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.tj (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.t (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.tj (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.t (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.tjwn (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person stative)
.wy (dual masculine personal pronoun stative third-person)
.wj (dual masculine personal pronoun stative third-person)
.ty (dual feminine personal pronoun stative third-person)
.wn (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.nw (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.tjwn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stative)
.w (masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.y (masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.wy (masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.tj (feminine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.t (feminine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.k (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.kj (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.ṯ (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.t (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.f (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.fj (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.s (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.sj (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.nj (dual first-person personal pronoun suffix)
.ṯnj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person suffix)
.tnj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person suffix)
.snj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun suffix third-person)
.n (first-person personal plural pronoun suffix)
.ṯn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.tn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.sn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
.w (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
wj (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
w (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
ṯw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
tw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯn (enclitic feminine personal pronoun second-person singular)
tn (enclitic feminine personal pronoun second-person singular)
sw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
st (enclitic masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sj (enclitic feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
s (enclitic feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
st (enclitic feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
n (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
ṯn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person)
tn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person)
sn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
st (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
jnk (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
ntk (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ṯwt (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ntṯ (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ntt (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ṯwt (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ntf (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
swt (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
nts (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
swt (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
jnn (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
ntṯn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
nttn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ntsn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
.kw (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.tj (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.t (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.tw (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.tj (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.t (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.tw (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.wn (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.wjn (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.tjwn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stative)
.tjwnj (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stative)
.w (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.y (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
tw.j (first-person personal proclitic pronoun singular)
tw.k (masculine personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
tw.t (feminine personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
sw (masculine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
sj (feminine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
st (feminine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
tw.n (first-person personal plural proclitic pronoun)
tw.tn (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
st (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
.k (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.kw (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.t (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.f (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.fj (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.s (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.st (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.sw (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.n (first-person personal plural pronoun suffix)
.tn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.twn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.w (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
.sn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
wj (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
tw (enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
tj (enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
sw (enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
st (enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
n (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
wn (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
twn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person)
sn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
st (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
jnk (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
mntk (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
mtwk (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
mntt (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
mtwy (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
mntf (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
mntst (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
mntjst (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
jnn (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
mnttn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
mntw (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
.kw (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.k (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.tj (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.tw (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.w (masculine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.y (masculine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.tj (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.tw (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.nw (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.tn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stative)
.w (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.y (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
tw.j (first-person personal proclitic pronoun singular)
tw.k (masculine personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
tw.t (feminine personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
sw (masculine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
st (feminine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
sw (feminine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
tw.n (first-person personal plural proclitic pronoun)
tw.tn (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
st (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
sw (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
swt (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)


.k

k m sg 2. suffix pronoun (canonical)
.k (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.kj (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.ṯ (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.ṯn (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.f (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.fj (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.s (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.sj (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.nj (dual first-person personal pronoun suffix)
.ṯnj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person suffix)
.snj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun suffix third-person)
.n (first-person personal plural pronoun suffix)
.ṯn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.sn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
w (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
wj (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
wy (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
kw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
k (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯ (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯm (enclitic feminine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯn (enclitic feminine personal pronoun second-person singular)
sw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
s (enclitic masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
s (enclitic feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
ṯnj (dual enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person)
snj (dual enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun third-person)
n (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
ṯn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person)
sn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
jnk (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
ṯwt (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ṯmt (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
swt (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
stt (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
ntsnj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun stressed third-person)
ntṯn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ntsn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
jntsn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
.kj (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.k (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.tj (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.t (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.tj (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.t (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.tjwn (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person stative)
.wy (dual masculine personal pronoun stative third-person)
.wj (dual masculine personal pronoun stative third-person)
.ty (dual feminine personal pronoun stative third-person)
.wn (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.nw (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.tjwn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stative)
.w (masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.y (masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.wy (masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.tj (feminine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.t (feminine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.k (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.kj (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.ṯ (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.t (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.f (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.fj (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.s (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.sj (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.nj (dual first-person personal pronoun suffix)
.ṯnj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person suffix)
.tnj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person suffix)
.snj (dual feminine masculine personal pronoun suffix third-person)
.n (first-person personal plural pronoun suffix)
.ṯn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.tn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.sn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
.w (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
wj (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
w (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
ṯw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
tw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
ṯn (enclitic feminine personal pronoun second-person singular)
tn (enclitic feminine personal pronoun second-person singular)
sw (enclitic masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
st (enclitic masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
sj (enclitic feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
s (enclitic feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
st (enclitic feminine personal pronoun singular third-person)
n (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
ṯn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person)
tn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person)
sn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
st (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
jnk (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
ntk (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ṯwt (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ntṯ (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ntt (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ṯwt (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
ntf (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
swt (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
nts (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
swt (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
jnn (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
ntṯn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
nttn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ntsn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
.kw (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.tj (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.t (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.tw (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.tj (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.t (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.tw (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.wn (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.wjn (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.tjwn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stative)
.tjwnj (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stative)
.w (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.y (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
tw.j (first-person personal proclitic pronoun singular)
tw.k (masculine personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
tw.t (feminine personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
sw (masculine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
sj (feminine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
st (feminine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
tw.n (first-person personal plural proclitic pronoun)
tw.tn (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
st (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
.k (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.kw (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.t (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular suffix)
.f (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.fj (masculine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.s (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.st (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.sw (feminine personal pronoun singular suffix third-person)
.n (first-person personal plural pronoun suffix)
.tn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.twn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person suffix)
.w (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
.sn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun suffix third-person)
wj (enclitic first-person personal pronoun singular)
tw (enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
tj (enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular)
sw (enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
st (enclitic feminine masculine personal pronoun singular third-person)
n (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
wn (enclitic first-person personal plural pronoun)
twn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person)
sn (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
st (enclitic feminine masculine personal plural pronoun third-person)
jnk (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed)
mntk (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
mtwk (masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
mntt (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
mtwy (feminine personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
mntf (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
mntst (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
mntjst (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
jnn (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
mnttn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
mntw (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
.kw (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.k (first-person personal pronoun singular stative)
.tj (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.tw (feminine masculine personal pronoun second-person singular stative)
.w (masculine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.y (masculine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.tj (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.tw (feminine personal pronoun singular stative third-person)
.nw (first-person personal plural pronoun stative)
.tn (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun second-person stative)
.w (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
.y (feminine masculine personal plural pronoun stative third-person)
tw.j (first-person personal proclitic pronoun singular)
tw.k (masculine personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
tw.t (feminine personal proclitic pronoun second-person singular)
sw (masculine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
st (feminine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
sw (feminine personal proclitic pronoun singular third-person)
tw.n (first-person personal plural proclitic pronoun)
tw.tn (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun second-person)
st (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
sw (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)
swt (feminine masculine personal plural proclitic pronoun third-person)

From Proto-Afroasiatic *-ka or *-ku. Cognate with Arabic ـكَ (-ka), Iraqw -ku and Hausa kai.


.k

Compare with the Akkadian 1st person singular stative ending 𒆪 ((_a)-ku /-āku/).

(Old Egyptian, attached to a stative verb form) Abbreviation of .kj (“I, me”).

(Middle Egyptian, Late Egyptian, attached to a stative verb form) Abbreviation of .kw (“I, me”).


qbb

q-b-b-W15-N35A-Y1V 2ae gem. (canonical)
qbb (infinitive)
qbb (infinitive negative)
qbbt (infinitive)
qbb (imperative infinitive singular)
qb (imperative infinitive singular)
qbb (imperative infinitive plural)
qb (imperative infinitive plural)
qbb (stative)
qb (stative)
ḥr qbb (imperfective)
m qbb (imperfective)
r qbb (prospective)
qbb.n (active perfect)
qb.n (active perfect)
qb.jn (active consecutive contingent)
qbbt (active terminative)
qb (active perfective)
qbb.ḫr (active obligative)
qbb (active imperfective)
qbb (active prospective)
qb.kꜣ (active potential)
qb (active subjunctive)
qb.n (active participle perfect)
qb (active participle perfective)
qb (participle passive perfective)
qbw (participle passive perfective)
qby (participle passive perfective)
qbb (active imperfective participle)
qbby (active imperfective participle)
qbbw (active imperfective participle)
qbbj (active imperfective participle)
qbb (imperfective participle passive)
qbbw (imperfective participle passive)
qb (active participle prospective)
qbtj (active participle prospective)
qbbtj (participle prospective)
qbbt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

qbbt

qbb.n.tj1, qb.n.tj1, qbb.n.tw2, qb.n.tw2

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.
# <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">qb</i> before suffix pronouns.

Bohairic Coptic: ⲭⲃⲟⲃ (khbob)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲕⲃⲁⲃ (kbab)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲃⲟ (kbo), ⲕⲃⲁ (kba)

(intransitive) to cool, to be(come) cool

(intransitive, of people) to be(come) calm


šsp

O43-p-N8 3-lit. (canonical)
šsp (infinitive)
šspw (infinitive negative)
šsp (infinitive negative)
šspt (infinitive)
šsp (imperative infinitive singular)
šsp (imperative infinitive plural)
šsp (stative)
ḥr šsp (imperfective)
m šsp (imperfective)
r šsp (prospective)
šsp.n (active perfect)
šspw (passive perfect)
šsp (passive perfect)
šsp.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
šspt (terminative)
šsp (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
šsp.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
šsp (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
šsp (active prospective)
šspp (passive prospective)
šsp.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
šsp (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
šsp.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
šsp (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
šsp (active participle perfective)
šsp (participle passive perfective)
šspw (participle passive perfective)
šspy (participle passive perfective)
šsp (active imperfective participle relative)
šspy (active imperfective participle relative)
šspw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
šsp (active imperfective participle)
šspj (active imperfective participle)
šspy (active imperfective participle)
šsp (imperfective participle passive)
šspw (imperfective participle passive)
šsp (active participle prospective relative)
šsptj (active participle prospective relative)
šsptj (participle prospective)
šspt (participle prospective)

Alternative form of sšp (“to be(come) bright, to illuminate”)


šsp

šsp (singular)
šspwj (dual)
šspw (plural)

Alternative form of sšp (“illumination, light of dawn”)