p

p:O49 m. (canonical toponymic)
f. (canonical toponymic)

Pe, a city in Lower Egypt, where the Pharaohs were crowned.


pr

Demotic: (pr)

desc

Sahidic Coptic: ⲡⲉⲣ- (per-), -ⲡⲱⲣ (-pōr)

Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE

Possibly from a form such as Proto-Afroasiatic *par- (“house”). Compare also Proto-Berber *farr (“enclosure”).


pr-ꜥꜣ

pr:aA (canonical masculine)
pr:aA (singular)
pr-ꜥꜣ (singular)
prwj-ꜥꜣwj (dual)
prw-ꜥꜣw (plural)

Demotic:  (pr-ꜥꜣ)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲣⲣⲟ (rro)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲣⲟ (ouro), ⲡⲟⲩⲣⲟ (pouro)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲣⲣⲁ (rra), ⲉⲣⲣⲁ (erra), ⲓⲣⲣⲁ (irra), ⲉⲣⲁ (era)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲣⲣⲟ (rro)

Old Coptic: ⲉⲣⲟ (ero)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲣⲣⲟ (rro), ⲉⲣⲟ (ero), ⲟⲩⲣⲟ (ouro)

→ Neo-Assyrian: 𒉿𒅕𒀪𒌑 (pi-ir-ʾu-u₂ /pirʾū/)

→ Hebrew: פַּרְעֹה (parʿṓ)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: Φαραώ (Pharaṓ), Φαραών (Pharaṓn), Φαραώθης (Pharaṓthēs), φαραώ (pharaṓ) — alternative capitalization
Greek: φαραώ (faraó)
→ Chinese:
Mandarin: 法老 (fǎlǎo)
→ Coptic: ⲫⲁⲣⲁⲱ (pharaō)
→ Ge'ez: ፈርዖን (färʿon)
→ Gothic: 𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌰𐍉 (faraō), 𐍆𐌰𐍂𐌰𐍉𐌽𐌹 (faraōni, dative)
→ Latin: Pharaō (see there for further descendants)
→ Old Armenian: Փարաւոն (Pʻarawon)
Armenian: փարավոն (pʻaravon)
→ Old Church Slavonic: фараѡ́нъ (faraónŭ), фараонъ (faraonŭ), фараосъ (faraosŭ)
Bulgarian: фарао́н (faraón)
Church Slavonic: фарао (farao)
→ Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic script: фара̀о̄н m
Latin script: faràōn m
→ Old East Slavic: фараонъ (faraonŭ), фарао (farao), ѳараонъ (θaraonŭ)
Belarusian: фарао́н (faraón)
Russian: фарао́н (faraón)
Ukrainian: фарао́н (faraón)

desc

→ Classical Syriac: ܦܶܪܥܽܘܢ, ܦܸܪܥܘܿܢ (perʿūn)

desctree

→ Arabic: فِرْعَوْن (firʕawn)
Hijazi Arabic: فرعون (firʕōn)
Maltese: fergħun
→ Bashkir: фирғәүен (firğəwen)
→ Bengali: ফেরাউন (pheraun)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: फ़िरौन (firaun)
Urdu: فرعون (firaun)
→ Malay: firaun
→ Ottoman Turkish: فرعون (firʼavun)
Turkish: firavun
→ Persian: فرعون (fer'own)
→ Swahili: firauni
→ Tajik: фиръавн (firʾavn)
→ Uzbek: firʼavn


snt

snt (singular)
sntj (dual)
snwt (plural)


sbtj

sbtj (singular)
sbtjwj (dual)
sbtjw (plural)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲥⲁⲃⲧⲉ (sabte)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲥⲟⲃ̄ⲧ (sob̄t)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲟⲃ̄ⲧ (sob̄t)

temporarily raised wall to trap wildlife or close off a besieged city

Figuratively used of kings and gods as a ‘wall’ or ‘fortress’


ḫt

Akhmimic Coptic: ⳉⲉ (xe)

Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲉ (še)

Fayyumic Coptic: ϣⲉ (še), ϣⲏ (šē)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϣⲉ (še)

Old Coptic: ϣⲉ (še)

desc

Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲉ (še), ϣⲏ (šē), ϣⲓ (ši)

a rod, a measure of length equivalent to 100 mḥw, or 52.5 metres. In full ḫt n nwḥ.


jnb

i-in:n-b-inb-D40 3-lit. (canonical)
jnb (infinitive)
jnbw (infinitive negative)
jnb (infinitive negative)
jnbt (infinitive)
jnb (imperative infinitive singular)
jnb (imperative infinitive plural)
jnb (stative)
ḥr jnb (imperfective)
m jnb (imperfective)
r jnb (prospective)
jnb.n (active perfect)
jnbw (passive perfect)
jnb (passive perfect)
jnb.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
jnbt (terminative)
jnb (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
jnb.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
jnb (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
jnb (active prospective)
jnbb (passive prospective)
jnb.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
jnb (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
jnb.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
jnb (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
jnb (active participle perfective)
jnb (participle passive perfective)
jnbw (participle passive perfective)
jnby (participle passive perfective)
jnb (active imperfective participle relative)
jnby (active imperfective participle relative)
jnbw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
jnb (active imperfective participle)
jnbj (active imperfective participle)
jnby (active imperfective participle)
jnb (imperfective participle passive)
jnbw (imperfective participle passive)
jnb (active participle prospective relative)
jnbtj (active participle prospective relative)
jnbtj (participle prospective)
jnbt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

jnbt

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.

(transitive) to separate with walls, to enclose with walls, to wall in


mr

Perhaps from Proto-Afroasiatic. Possible Berber cognates include the forms represented by Kabyle u-mr-an (“sorrows”), a-mur (“colic, stomachache”), and a-mrir (“embarrassment, great difficulty”). Possible Cushitic cognates include Oromo marar (“to be sick”), Baiso marni (“to be sad”), and Sidamo marar-s (“to be sick”). A proposed Omotic cognate is Yemsa mer-o (“illness”). Also compare the root Arabic م ر ض (m-r-ḍ, “related to ailment”).


ḥwt

Hwt-t:pr (canonical feminine)
ḥwt (singular)
ḥwtj (dual)
ḥwwt (plural)

→ Ancient Greek: -ὡς (-hōs)

q

Coptic: ϩⲱ (hō) (Bohairic, Sahidic, Dialect K, Old Coptic)


ꜥꜣ

wn:n-O31:a-n:k-i-mn:n-t:Y2-S:tA-t:Y2-ir-w-A53-Y2:N33A-z:n:S-O31:a-n:k-O31:O31-niwt-wr:r-t:xAst

c. 1401 BCE, Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, line 7

As the hidden region, secret of forms, is opened to you, so the double doors of the Great City are unstopped for you.

wn n.k jmnt štꜣt jrww snš n.k ꜥꜣwj nwt wrt


jpt

jpt (singular)
jptj (dual)
jpwt (plural)

Demotic: jpy, jp


mrrt

mrrt (singular)
mrrtj (dual)
mrrwt (plural)


šsp

šsp (singular)
šspwj (dual)
šspw (plural)

Alternative form of sšp (“illumination, light of dawn”)


kꜣpw

kꜣpw (singular)
kꜣpwwj (dual)
kꜣpww (plural)


jmḏr

jmḏr (singular)
jmḏrwj (dual)
jmḏrw (plural)

From Proto-Afroasiatic [Term?]. Compare Phoenician 𐤂𐤃𐤓 (gdr), Hebrew גָּדֵר (gadér), and Arabic جِدَار (jidār).


ḫꜣwt

ḫꜣwt (singular)
ḫꜣwtj (dual)
ḫꜣwwt (plural)


šzp

Szp-p:D40 3-lit. (canonical)
šzp (infinitive)
šzpw (infinitive negative)
šzp (infinitive negative)
šzpt (infinitive)
šzp (imperative infinitive singular)
šzp (imperative infinitive plural)
šzp (stative)
ḥr šzp (imperfective)
m šzp (imperfective)
r šzp (prospective)
šzp.n (active perfect)
šzpw (passive perfect)
šzp (passive perfect)
šzp.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
šzpt (terminative)
šzp (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
šzp.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
šzp (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
šzp (active prospective)
šzpp (passive prospective)
šzp.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
šzp (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
šzp.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
šzp (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
šzp (active participle perfective)
šzp (participle passive perfective)
šzpw (participle passive perfective)
šzpy (participle passive perfective)
šzp (active imperfective participle relative)
šzpy (active imperfective participle relative)
šzpw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
šzp (active imperfective participle)
šzpj (active imperfective participle)
šzpy (active imperfective participle)
šzp (imperfective participle passive)
šzpw (imperfective participle passive)
šzp (active participle prospective relative)
šzptj (active participle prospective relative)
šzptj (participle prospective)
šzpt (participle prospective)

Demotic: šp

Coptic: ϣⲱⲡ (šōp)

(transitive) to move into (a building or temple chamber)

(transitive) to set out on, to commence (a fight, a path, a new year, etc.)


pr-nswt

/pəɾənəˈsiːʔə/

/pəɾənəˈsiːʔ/

/pəɾənəˈsiːʔə/

/pəɾənəˈsiːʔ/

pr (“house, palace”) + nswt (“king”) in a direct genitive construction. The written form demonstrates honorific transposition.

egy-ht

(rare) a kind of royal palace contrasted with pr-bjtj, traditionally rendered as ‘palace of the king of Upper Egypt’

royal court, king together with his household and entourage


sqbbwj

sqqbwj (singular)
sqqbwjwj (dual)
sqqbwjw (plural)

sqbb (“to make cool, to refresh”) + -w + -j.

af

A room of some kind found in luxurious houses. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:

r:a-k-w-A1-r:pr-sw-t:n-zA-A1-A50-s-s-Y1:Z2-i-m-f-!-s-q:b-b-W-y-wab-mw-pr-i-m-f:a:X-m-N33C*Z2ss:nw*Z1-Axt-t:pr
rdj.kw r pr zꜣ-nswt špssw jm.f sqbbwj jm.f ꜥẖmw nw ꜣḫt […]

c. 1859 BCE – 1840 BCE, The Story of Sinuhe, version B (pBerlin 3022 and pAmherst n-q) line 286–287

I was put in a prince’s house with finery in it, a room of refreshment in it, and cultic images of the Akhet, […]