rd

r:d-M30 2-lit. (canonical)
rd (infinitive)
rdw (infinitive negative)
rd (infinitive negative)
rdt (infinitive)
rd (imperative infinitive singular)
j.rd (imperative infinitive singular)
rd (imperative infinitive plural)
j.rd (imperative infinitive plural)
rd (stative)
ḥr rd (imperfective)
m rd (imperfective)
r rd (prospective)
rd.n (active perfect)
rd.jn (active consecutive contingent)
rdt (active terminative)
rd (active perfective)
rd.ḫr (active obligative)
rd (active imperfective)
j.rd (active imperfective)
rd (active prospective)
rd.kꜣ (active potential)
rd (active subjunctive)
j.rd (active subjunctive)
rd.n (active participle perfect)
rd (active participle perfective)
rdd (participle passive perfective)
rddj (participle passive perfective)
rd (participle passive perfective)
rdw (participle passive perfective)
rdy (participle passive perfective)
j.rd (active imperfective participle)
rd (active imperfective participle)
rdy (active imperfective participle)
rdw (active imperfective participle)
j.rdw (active imperfective participle)
rdj (active imperfective participle)
rd (imperfective participle passive)
rdw (imperfective participle passive)
rd (active participle prospective)
rdtj (active participle prospective)
rdtj (participle prospective)
rdt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

rdt

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.


py

According to von Beckerath, from Meroitic *𐦧𐦢 (*pi, “to live”), with the ankh glyph in the name merely serving as a determinative. Leprohon instead interprets the name as pꜣ (“O”) + ꜥnḫy (“living one”), but notes that the reading is uncertain and considers it possible that the ankh is to be read as a prospective form of the verb ꜥnḫ (“to live”). In this case the name is indeed simply py and the ankh is not a part of it.

A male given name of historical usage, notably borne by Piye, a pharaoh of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty


db

d-b-db (canonical masculine)
db (singular)
dbwj (dual)
dbw (plural)

Demotic: tp

Coptic: ⲧⲁⲡ (tap)

Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE

Possibly a doublet of ꜥb (“horn”), according to the Rösslerian school of Egyptian comparison.

hollowed-out horn for holding oil, used by Asiatics


ms

Demotic: ms

Coptic: ⲙⲁⲥⲉ (mase)

Possibly related to Central Atlas Tamazight ⵎⵙ (ms, “to be from, be related to, be a close relative/descendant of”).


bjk

bjk (singular)
bjkwj (dual)
bjkw (plural)

Demotic: bk

Bohairic Coptic: ⲃⲏϫ (bēč), ⲃⲉϫⲓ (beči)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲃⲏϭ (bēc), ⲃⲓϭ (bic)

desc

Sahidic Coptic: ⲃⲏϭ (bēc), ⲃⲉϭ (bec), ⲃϭ (bc)

b-i-k-G6-a:X-H5:f-H-n:a-T18-s--W-D54:A1--Z2:f-D35:n-r:D37-t:r*-x:Y1-s*t-A12-A1:Z2-f
bjk ꜥẖ.f ḥnꜥ šms[w].f nn rḏjt rḫ st mšꜥ.f

c. 1800 BCE, The Story of Sinuhe, version R (pRamesseum A/pBerlin 10499, Verso) lines 21–22

The falcon flew off together with his retinue without letting his army know about it.


gḥs

gḥs (singular)
gḥswj (dual)
gḥsw (plural)

Coptic: ϭϩⲟⲥ (chos) (Sahidic), ⲭⲁⲥ (khas) (Akhmimic)


ḫꜣb

x-xA-A-b-Z9 3-lit. (canonical)
ḫꜣb (infinitive)
ḫꜣbw (infinitive negative)
ḫꜣb (infinitive negative)
ḫꜣbt (infinitive)
ḫꜣb (imperative infinitive singular)
ḫꜣb (imperative infinitive plural)
ḫꜣb (stative)
ḥr ḫꜣb (imperfective)
m ḫꜣb (imperfective)
r ḫꜣb (prospective)
ḫꜣb.n (active perfect)
ḫꜣb.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ḫꜣbt (active terminative)
ḫꜣb (active perfective)
ḫꜣb.ḫr (active obligative)
ḫꜣb (active imperfective)
ḫꜣb (active prospective)
ḫꜣb.kꜣ (active potential)
ḫꜣb (active subjunctive)
ḫꜣb.n (active participle perfect)
ḫꜣb (active participle perfective)
ḫꜣb (participle passive perfective)
ḫꜣbw (participle passive perfective)
ḫꜣby (participle passive perfective)
ḫꜣb (active imperfective participle)
ḫꜣby (active imperfective participle)
ḫꜣbw (active imperfective participle)
ḫꜣbj (active imperfective participle)
ḫꜣb (imperfective participle passive)
ḫꜣbw (imperfective participle passive)
ḫꜣb (active participle prospective)
ḫꜣbtj (active participle prospective)
ḫꜣbtj (participle prospective)
ḫꜣbt (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to be(come) bent, to bend


wnb

wnb (singular)
wnbwj (dual)
wnbw (plural)


ḫprr

x:p-r*:r-xpr (canonical masculine)
ḫprr (singular)
ḫprrwj (dual)
ḫprrw (plural)


šn

Coptic: ϣⲏⲛ (šēn)

Bohairic Coptic: ϣϣⲏⲛ (ššēn)

Fayyumic Coptic: ϣⲉⲛ (šen), ϣϣⲉⲛ (ššen)


ṯzm

ṯzm (singular)
ṯzmwj (dual)
ṯzmw (plural)

→ English: Tesem

From Proto-Afroasiatic. Cognates include Kabyle aqjun, Blin ግድጝ (gédéň) and Birgit kájàŋ.

T:z-m-E14-M42-n:n-stp-V16:r-Hm-f-!-a-b-w-tyw-E14:r-n:f

6th Dynasty, Giza, Western Cemetery, Shaft G 2188 Y, Block of sunk relief inscription mentioning the dog Abutiu (35-10-22/Cairo JE 67573), lines 1–2

The hound that was the protector of His Majesty. His name is Abutiu.

hound (variously described as “greyhound”, “basenji”, etc.)


dpy

dpy (singular)
dpywj (dual)
dpyw (plural)


rm

Demotic:  (rm)

Coptic: ⲣⲁⲙⲉ (rame)

→? Ancient Greek: ἀβραμίς (abramís)


ḫt

Akhmimic Coptic: ⳉⲉ (xe)

Bohairic Coptic: ϣⲉ (še)

Fayyumic Coptic: ϣⲉ (še), ϣⲏ (šē)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϣⲉ (še)

Old Coptic: ϣⲉ (še)

Sahidic Coptic: ϣⲉ (še), ϣⲏ (šē), ϣⲓ (ši)

xt:t*Z1-Z2:Hr*Z1-gm-m-gm-m-Z10-tA:N23*Z1-Hr-Z1-mn:n-mn:n-D54

c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 59–60

Trees were breaking, the ground was quaking.


jb

Demotic: jb

Speculatively, from Proto-Afroasiatic *lib- (“heart”); as with other attempts at reconstructing Proto-Afroasiatic, academic consensus is lacking. If so, perhaps cognate with Proto-Semitic *libb- and Proto-Berber *ulβ.


rw

Cognate to Proto-Semitic *ʔarway- (“wild beast; lion”).

cog

Allen, James (2013) A New Concordance of the Pyramid Texts, volume III, Providence: Brown University, PT 294.2 (Pyr. 436b), W


jwꜣ

jwꜣ (singular)
jwꜣwj (dual)
jwꜣw (plural)

(in the plural) long-horned cattle in contrast to wnḏw (“short-horned cattle”)


ḏrt

ḏrt (singular)
ḏrtj (dual)
ḏrwt (plural)


ḥḏt

Demotic: ḥṱy.t "white crown"

Nominalized use of the feminine form of ḥḏ (“white”). Nisba suffix present, as shown by the Demotic form ḥṱy.t.


mnmnt

mnmnt (singular)
mnmntj (dual)
mnmnwt (plural)

N17:N21*p:n-M:a:f-N35B:f-TAw:f-s-M21:M-Hn:f-mn:n:mn:n-t:E1:f-nb:t-pA-i-i-t:nb:t-H_SPACE:x-t:xn-N35C:nb:t-D&d:f:t-I14:Z2:f-qmA-w&t-E29*Z2ss:f-xAst:t*Z1-!-s-U4:a-w-N-zA-Z1:H_SPACE-nw*t:pt-tA:tA:N21*N21-h:r-w-Hr:r:z
tꜣ pn m-ꜥ.f mw.f ṯꜣw.f sm(w).f mnmnt.f nbt pꜣyt nbt ḫnnt nbt ḏdfwt.f ꜥwt.f ḫꜣst smꜣꜥ.w n zꜣ nwt tꜣwj hr.w ḥr.s

c. 1550 BCE – 1295 BCE, Great Hymn to Osiris (Stela of Amenmose, Louvre C 286) lines 11–12

This land is in his hand — its water and its wind, its plants and all its cattle, all that flies and all that lands, its creeping creatures and its quadrupeds of the desert, were given to the son of Nut, and the Two Lands (Egypt) are pleased with it.


ꜥwt

N17:N21*p:n-M:a:f-N35B:f-TAw:f-s-M21:M-Hn:f-mn:n:mn:n-t:E1:f-nb:t-pA-i-i-t:nb:t-H_SPACE:x-t:xn-N35C:nb:t-D&d:f:t-I14:Z2:f-qmA-w&t-E29*Z2ss:f-xAst:t*Z1-
-s-U4:a-w-N-zA-Z1:H_SPACE-nw*t:pt-tA:tA:N21*N21-h:r-w-Hr:r:z
tꜣ pn m-ꜥ.f mw.f ṯꜣw.f sm(w).f mnmnt.f nbt pꜣyt nbt ḫnnt nbt ḏdfwt.f ꜥwt.f ḫꜣst smꜣꜥ.w n zꜣ nwt tꜣwj hr.w ḥr.s

(collective) four-legged animals in general, quadrupeds


ssm

ssm (singular)
ssmwj (dual)
ssmw (plural)

A Northwest Semitic loanword. Compare with Ugaritic 𐎝𐎝𐎆 (s̀ūs̀awu).


ssmt

ssmt (singular)
ssmtj (dual)
ssmwt (plural)


mꜣj-ḥzꜣ

mꜣj-ḥzꜣ (singular)
mꜣjwj-ḥzꜣwj (dual)
mꜣjw-ḥzꜣw (plural)


mmj

mmj (singular)
mmjwj (dual)
mmjw (plural)


zꜣb

zꜣb (singular)
zꜣbwj (dual)
zꜣbw (plural)

Possibly from a form such as Proto-Afroasiatic *ǯiʔib- (“beast of prey”). Compare Hebrew זְאֵב (zǝʾēḇ) and Arabic ذِئْب (ḏiʔb) from Proto-Semitic *ḏiʔb- (“wolf”), as well as Chadic ǯib- “civet”.

cog

Hebrew זְאֵב (zǝʾēḇ)


ꜣbw

ꜣbw (singular)
ꜣbwwj (dual)
ꜣbww (plural)

→? Ancient Greek: ἐλέφας (eléphas) (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Afroasiatic *leb- (compare Tangale labata, Mukulu ʾelbi).
Likely related to ꜣb (“fingernail”) via the ‘ivory, tusk’ sense.


bꜣ

Old Coptic: ⲃⲁⲓ (bai)

working power, active power, efficacy in acting on and influencing the external world and enforcing order, especially as possessed by a god


bꜣ

⇒ Demotic: bj-ꜥꜣ-n-pt (“he-goat”)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲃⲁⲁⲙⲡⲉ (baampe)


ngꜣw

ngꜣw (singular)
ngꜣwwj (dual)
ngꜣww (plural)


mjw

mjw (singular)
mjwwj (dual)
mjww (plural)

→ English: Mau

Most likely onomatopoeic, from the animal’s cry (meow). Compare Chinese 貓 /猫 (māo), Lao ແມວ (mǣu).
Other hypotheses connect it to Proto-Afroasiatic *m-r or *m-l, the former on the basis of Alagwa mariy-amo (“wild cat”), Lamé Ngete mēr (“serval”) and méríán (“wild cat”), Pévé merian (“wild cat, serval”), Zime-Dari Pévé mīēr (“genette”), and the latter on the basis of Musgu ámíl (“African civet”), Bedanga Sokoro melā (“cat”). Either one of these could also be plausibly connected with the ancestor of Egyptian mꜣj (“lion”).

nw:k-Z1-mi-i-w-E13-p:f-i-i-aA:a:Y1-n:t*y-Hr*Z1:p-S:t*Z1-i-S:d-M1-r:Aa16*Z1-f:im-iwn-nw:niwt-g:r-H-w-N2-ra*Z1-p:f-i-i-n:aHA-Z9:D40-a:Z1-ir:t-A47-A-W-D40-s-b-i-w
A13:Z2-h:r-w-ra*Z1-p:f-i-i-n-H*st-m-gb-t:nDs-x:f:t-A14:Z2-nw*Z1:nb-Dr:r-A40-i-m-f
jnk mjw pfy ꜥꜣ ntj ḥr p(s)št jšd r-gs.f m jwnw grḥ pfy n(j) ꜥḥꜣ-ꜥ(w) jrt zꜣw(t) sbjw
hrw pfy n(j) ḥtmt ḫftjw nw nb-(r)-ḏr jm.f

c. 332-30 BCE, Book of the Dead of Iuefankh, chapter 17, lines 45-46 (pTurin Museo Egizio 1791)

I am that great tomcat beside whom the desert date tree was split in Heliopolis on that night of battle and the guarding of rebels,
on that day on which the enemies of the Lord of All were destroyed.


mꜣj

mꜣj (singular)
mꜣjwj (dual)
mꜣjw (plural)

Demotic: mꜣj

Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩⲓ (moui)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲩⲉⲓ (mouei)


kꜣ

A serekh name notably borne by Predynastic king Ka


mꜣ-ḥḏ

mꜣ-ḥḏ (singular)
mꜣwj-ḥḏwj (dual)
mꜣw-ḥḏw (plural)


mꜣt

mꜣt (singular)
mꜣtj (dual)
mꜣwt (plural)

desc

Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲓⲏ (miē), ⲙⲟⲩⲓⲏ (mouiē), ⲙⲩⲏ (muē), ⲙⲓⲉ (mie)


mꜣtt

mꜣtt (singular)
mꜣttj (dual)
mꜣtwt (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲙⲓⲧ (emit)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲓⲧ (mit)


sꜣbt

sꜣbt (singular)
sꜣbtj (dual)
sꜣbwt (plural)


ꜣby

ꜣby (singular)
ꜣbywj (dual)
ꜣbyw (plural)

a lithe spotted big cat, including both leopards and cheetahs; ‘panther’ .


ꜥꜣ

wn:n-O31:a-n:k-i-mn:n-t:Y2-S:tA-t:Y2-ir-w-A53-Y2:N33A-z:n:S-O31:a-n:k-O31:O31-niwt-wr:r-t:xAst

c. 1401 BCE, Amduat of Amenhotep II (tomb of Amenhotep II, KV35) First Hour, closing text, line 7

As the hidden region, secret of forms, is opened to you, so the double doors of the Great City are unstopped for you.

wn n.k jmnt štꜣt jrww snš n.k ꜥꜣwj nwt wrt


šꜣqb

SA:q-b- (canonical masculine)
šꜣqb (singular)
šꜣqbwj (dual)
šꜣqbw (plural)


jbꜣr

jbꜣr (singular)
jbꜣrwj (dual)
jbꜣrw (plural)

Borrowing from a Semitic language. Compare Biblical Hebrew אַבִּיר (ʾabbī́r, “mighty, valiant”) (often used of stallions), or perhaps Ugaritic 𐎛𐎁𐎗 (ỉbr, “bull”) (= Arabic بَعِير (baʕīr)).


jꜣqt

Bohairic Coptic: ⲏϫⲓ (ēči)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲏϭⲉ (ēce)

From Proto-Afroasiatic *wrḳ-. Cognate with Proto-Semitic *waraq- (“green”).


jzr

jzr (singular)
jzrwj (dual)
jzrw (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲟⲥⲓ (osi), ⲟⲥ (os)

According to the Rösslerian school of Egyptian comparison, cognate with Arabic أَثْل (ʔaṯl, “tamarisk”) (whence English athel).


jꜥn

jꜥn (singular)
jꜥnwj (dual)
jꜥnw (plural)

Demotic:  (ꜥꜥn)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲏⲛ (ēn)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲛ (en)

desc

Old Coptic: ⲉⲉⲛ (een), ⲉⲛ (en), ⲁⲛⲁ (ana)

One early writing of the word shows the form ꜥnr, which Erman and Grapow take to represent the earliest known form of the word; however, Vycichl considers this a pseudo-archaic secondary development, since none of the known plural forms conserve the consonant r in this position.


sbnw

sbnw (singular)
sbnwwj (dual)
sbnww (plural)

Possibly derived from zbn (“to slide, to tumble”); if so, then presumably the (unattested) original form of sbnw was *zbnw.


zpꜣ

zpꜣ (singular)
zpꜣwj (dual)
zpꜣw (plural)


bnw

→? Ancient Greek: φοῖνιξ (phoînix)

→ Latin: phoenix

M18-i-D54-n:A1-m-x:R23-m-n:niwt-r-O28-nw:niwt-r-r:a:t-r:x-Y1V-b-n:nw*w-G31-A40-x:r:*t-Y1V-Z3-dwA-A-t:pr
j(w)j.n.j m ḫm r jwnw r rḏj.t rḫ bnw ḫrt dwꜣt

c. 1478 BCE – 1397 BCE, Book of the Dead of Nu (pLondon British Museum EA 10477) chapter 64, line 23

I have come from Letopolis to Heliopolis to let the phoenix know of the conditions of the Afterworld.

the Bennu or phoenix, a divine being and a bird into which the dead could transform.


pnw

pnw (singular)
pnwwj (dual)
pnww (plural)

Demotic: pn

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲡⲓⲛ (pin)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲫⲓⲛ (phin)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲡⲓⲛ (pin)


bddw-kꜣ

bddw-kꜣ (singular)
bddwj-kꜣ (dual)
bddww-kꜣ (plural)

bdd (“a kind of plant”) + kꜣ (“bull”) in a direct genitive construction.

k:t-
r t
-N33C:Z2ss-n:t-d:r-A24-Sn:n-a:U13-F51-m-r-Z1-ib-Z1-
-t:X2-X4:Z2-n:n-b-s-M1-N33C:Z2ss-..-Z1-..-b-d:d-W-kA:D52-Hn:Z2ss-..-Z1-
-r-i-i-t:Aa2-Z3-mi-i-W-F27-..-Z1-..-H-q:t-W22:Z2ss-nDm-m-t:Y1-..-Z1-..-i-r:p-W22:Z2ss-..-Z1-
-ir-m-x:t-Y1:Z2-wa:a-t-Z1-..-Aa2:D40-Hr:r-s
kt pẖrt nt dr šnꜥ m r(ꜣ)-jb t n(j) nbs 1 bddw-kꜣ 1 ryt mjw 1 ḥ(n)qt nḏmt 1 jrp 1 jr m ḫt wꜥt wt ḥr.s

c. 1550 BCE, Ebers Papyrus, lines 43.2–43.4 (Eb 208)

Another remedy for driving out constipation (lit. obstruction in the stomach): bread of the Christ's thorn jujube (1); watermelon (1); excretion of a cat (1); sweet beer (1); wine (1). Combine to make a paste (lit. make into one thing) and bandage over it.


qdtt

qdtt (singular)
qdttj (dual)
qdtwt (plural)


kꜣpw

kꜣpw (singular)
kꜣpwwj (dual)
kꜣpww (plural)


kꜣkꜣ

kꜣkꜣ (singular)
kꜣkꜣwj (dual)
kꜣkꜣw (plural)


tnṯ

tnṯ (singular)
tnṯwj (dual)
tnṯw (plural)


ṯnḥr

ṯnḥr (singular)
ṯnḥrwj (dual)
ṯnḥrw (plural)


swt

sw-t (canonical feminine)
swt (singular)
swtj (dual)
swwt (plural)


jnt

i-in:n-t:in (canonical feminine)
jnt (singular)
jntj (dual)
jnwt (plural)


mrwryt

mrwryt (singular)
mrwrytj (dual)
mrwrywt (plural)


ꜥpšꜣy

ꜥpšꜣy (singular)
ꜥpšꜣywj (dual)
ꜥpšꜣyw (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲉⲡϣⲓ (epši)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲉⲡϣⲉ (epše)


ꜥff

ꜥff (singular)
ꜥffwj (dual)
ꜥffw (plural)

Demotic:  (ꜥf)

Coptic: ⲁϥ (af)

According to the Rösslerian school of Egyptian comparison, from Proto-Afroasiatic *ðuṗṗ, and so cognate to Hebrew זבוב.


mzḥ

mzḥ (singular)
mzḥwj (dual)
mzḥw (plural)

Demotic: msḥ

Coptic: ⲙⲥⲁϩ (msah) (Sahidic, Bohairic), ⲉⲙⲥⲁϩ (emsah) (Bohairic)

→ Arabic: تِمْسَاح (timsāḥ)

→ Egyptian Arabic: تمساح (temsāḥ)

→ Pashto: مسه (msa)

→ Persian: تمساح (temsâh)

→ Turkish: timsah

→ Hebrew: תמסח (timsakh)


ḥfꜣw

ḥfꜣw (singular)
ḥfꜣwwj (dual)
ḥfꜣww (plural)

Demotic: ḥf

Akhmimic Coptic: ϩⲁϥ (haf)

Bohairic Coptic: ϩⲟϥ (hof)

Fayyumic Coptic: ϩⲁϥ (haf)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ϩⲁϥ (haf)

Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲟϥ (hof), ϩⲟⲃ (hob), ϩⲟⲡ (hop), ϩⲱⲃ (hōb)


ḥnj

ḥnj (singular)
ḥnjwj (dual)
ḥnjw (plural)


ḏryt

ḏryt (singular)
ḏrytj (dual)
ḏrywt (plural)


hbj

hbj (singular)
hbjwj (dual)
hbjw (plural)

→ Ancient Greek: ἶβις (îbis)

→ Latin: ībis (see there for further descendants)

Demotic: hb

Bohairic Coptic: ϩⲓⲡ (hip)


ḏt

A serekh name notably borne by Djet, a pharaoh of the First Dynasty


ꜣbḏw

Ab-b-Dw-w-ad (canonical masculine)
ꜣbḏw (singular)
ꜣbḏwwj (dual)
ꜣbḏww (plural)

a kind of fish, often used medicinally, and mythologically said to pilot the solar barque or, in later times, to be a form of the sun god


ꜣpd

A-p:d-D54 3-lit. (canonical)
ꜣpd (infinitive)
ꜣpdw (infinitive negative)
ꜣpd (infinitive negative)
ꜣpdt (infinitive)
ꜣpd (imperative infinitive singular)
ꜣpd (imperative infinitive plural)
ꜣpd (stative)
ḥr ꜣpd (imperfective)
m ꜣpd (imperfective)
r ꜣpd (prospective)
ꜣpd.n (active perfect)
ꜣpd.jn (active consecutive contingent)
ꜣpdt (active terminative)
ꜣpd (active perfective)
ꜣpd.ḫr (active obligative)
ꜣpd (active imperfective)
ꜣpd (active prospective)
ꜣpd.kꜣ (active potential)
ꜣpd (active subjunctive)
ꜣpd.n (active participle perfect)
ꜣpd (active participle perfective)
ꜣpd (participle passive perfective)
ꜣpdw (participle passive perfective)
ꜣpdy (participle passive perfective)
ꜣpd (active imperfective participle)
ꜣpdy (active imperfective participle)
ꜣpdw (active imperfective participle)
ꜣpdj (active imperfective participle)
ꜣpd (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣpdw (imperfective participle passive)
ꜣpd (active participle prospective)
ꜣpdtj (active participle prospective)
ꜣpdtj (participle prospective)
ꜣpdt (participle prospective)

(intransitive) to come hastening, to rush onward (+ r: to, towards)


bjt

bjt (singular)
bjtj (dual)
bjwt (plural)

flat cake (of some given substance) in general


jrp

jrp (singular)
jrpwj (dual)
jrpw (plural)

Demotic: jrp

Coptic: ⲏⲣⲡ (ērp) (Sahidic, Bohairic), ⲏⲗⲡ (ēlp) (Fayyumic)

→ Old Nubian: ⲟⲣⲡⲁ (orpa)

→ Ancient Greek: ἕρπις (hérpis)

c. 1859 BCE – 1840 BCE, The Story of Sinuhe, version B (pBerlin 3022 and pAmherst n-q) line 82


bḥz

bḥz (singular)
bḥzwj (dual)
bḥzw (plural)


ꜣ

A (canonical masculine)
A (singular)
ꜣ (singular)
ꜣwj (dual)
ꜣw (plural)

Possibly from Proto-Afroasiatic *ʔay- (“bird of prey”). Compare also Proto-Semitic *ʔayy- (“bird of prey”).

inh

D-tp:Z1:n-<-ra:mr-i-i->-p:n-m-A-pr:r-f:r-f:S-Sw-w-i-i-f-r:f-i-r:p-t:pt

Allen, James (2013) A New Concordance of the Pyramid Texts, volume V, Providence: Brown University, PT 539.1–539.2 (Pyr. 1303a–1303b), P

ḏd-(mdw) tp n(j) mry-rꜥ pn m ꜣ pr.f r.f šwy.f r.f jr pt

s-Dr:r-A55-n-D-H-w&t-n:xt:x*t-p:n-m-wr:r-A40-p:f-x:r-A15:Hr-gs:Z1:f-
-wr:r-S:N8-f-A-i-s-snD-w-s-sxm-x-m-m-tp:p-t:f-A40
sḏr.n ḏḥwt(j)-nḫt pn m wr pf ḫr ḥr gs.f wrš.f ꜣ j.snḏw sḫm m tpt.f

c. 2050 BCE – 1950 BCE, Coffin Texts, version B1Bo (outer coffin of Djehutinakht, Boston 20.1822–27) line 323–324, spell 677

Translation by Faulkner
Djehutinakht has spent the night as yonder Great One who fell on his side, he passes the day as the vulture which is feared, being mighty by means of what is on him (i.e. his protective amulets).

Neophron percnopterus
Neophron percnopterus#Translingual

the Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus)


jḥ

Demotic: jḥ

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲉϩⲉ (ehe)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲉϩⲉ (ehe)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲁϩⲏ (ahē)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲉϩⲉ (ehe)


jnst

jnst (singular)
jnstj (dual)
jnswt (plural)

→ Ancient Greek: ἄνισον (ánison) (see there for further descendants)

Uncertain etymology. With different determinatives the word is associated with the soles of a human foot or the hoof of an animal, perhaps suggesting a correlation to its known anti-fungal properties, anethole still being used to treat athlete's foot and thrush.

(medicine or literary) an edible plant, possibly anise, used medicinally


smn

s-mn:n-Y1V caus. 2-lit. (canonical)
smnt (infinitive)
smn (infinitive)
smnw (infinitive negative)
smn (infinitive negative)
smn (imperative infinitive singular)
smn (imperative infinitive plural)
smn (stative)
ḥr smn (imperfective)
m smn (imperfective)
r smn (prospective)
smn.n (active perfect)
smnw (passive perfect)
smn (passive perfect)
smn.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
smnt (terminative)
smn (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
smn.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
smn (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
smnw (active prospective)
smn (active prospective)
smny (active prospective)
smnw (passive prospective)
smn (passive prospective)
smny (passive prospective)
smn.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
smn (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
smn.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
smn (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
smn (active participle perfective)
smn (participle passive perfective)
smnw (participle passive perfective)
smny (participle passive perfective)
smn (active imperfective participle relative)
smny (active imperfective participle relative)
smnw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
smn (active imperfective participle)
smnj (active imperfective participle)
smny (active imperfective participle)
smn (imperfective participle passive)
smnw (imperfective participle passive)
smn (active participle prospective relative)
smntj (active participle prospective relative)
smnwtj (participle prospective)
smntj (participle prospective)
smnt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-caus-x-lit

causative biliteral / caus. 2-lit. / caus. 2rad.

egy-conj-table

smnt

smnw.tj1, smn.tj1, smny.tj1, smnw.tw2, smn.tw2, smny.tw2

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲥⲙⲓⲛⲉ (smine)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ (semni)

desc

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲥⲉⲙⲛⲓ (semni), ⲥⲙⲓⲛⲓ (smini)

Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲥⲙⲛⲛⲉ (smnne)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲙⲓⲛⲉ (smine)

s- (causative prefix) + mn (“to be established, to remain”).

af

(transitive) to immortalize in writing, to write down with the intention of preserving


znḥm

znḥm (singular)
znḥmwj (dual)
znḥmw (plural)

>? Sahidic Coptic: ⲥⲁⲛⲛⲉϩ (sanneh)

Perhaps from a Proto-Afroasiatic *sulx̣am, cognate with Hebrew סָלְעָם (solʿām, “locust”).


mnw

Uncertain, possibly a loanword from Semitic; compare Hebrew מָן (mān). Alternatively, possibly connected to mnw (“trees, orchard, plantation”).

a white aromatic plant smelling of ꜥntjw (myrrh)


mnw

mn:nw*nw*nw (canonical masculine)
mnw (singular)
mnwwj (dual)
mnww (plural)

Akhmimic Coptic: ⲙⲉⲉⲓⲛⲉ (meeine)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲙⲏⲓⲛⲓ (mēini)

Fayyumic Coptic: ⲙⲏⲉⲓⲛ (mēein)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲁⲉⲓⲛ (maein)


mnw

→ Ancient Greek: Μηνᾶς (Mēnâs)

→ Coptic: ⲙⲏⲛⲁ (mēna)

→ Arabic: مينا (mīna)

→ Greek: Μηνάς (Minás)

→ Old Armenian: Մինաս (Minas)

→ Romanian: Mina

→ Russian: Мина (Mina)

→ English: Min

→ English: Khem


jt-šmꜥ

jt (“barley”) + šmꜥ (“Upper Egypt”) in a direct genitive construction. Allen instead apparently considers the second element a nisba adjective, *šmꜥj (“Upper Egyptian”), with unwritten weak j.


jt-mḥ

jt (“barley”) + mḥ. There are differing views regarding the interpretation of the second element; traditionally it was considered a derivative of mḥw (“Lower Egypt”), making the whole compound mean “Lower Egyptian barley” in contrast with jt-šmꜥ (“Upper Egyptian barley”). Allen instead considers the second element to be mḥ (“full”), making the whole compound mean “full barley” in contrast with šmꜥ (“‘thin’ barley, i.e. barley with fewer grains”).

barley of some kind; see the etymology section above for discussion


bdt

bdt (singular)
bdtj (dual)
bdwt (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲃⲱϯ (bōti)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲃⲱⲧⲉ (bōte)


zšn

z:S:n-zSn (canonical masculine)
zšn (singular)
zšnwj (dual)
zšnw (plural)

Demotic: sšn

Coptic: ϣⲱϣⲉⲛ (šōšen)

desctree

→ Ancient Greek: σοῦσον (soûson)
→ Middle Persian: [script needed] (swsn' /sōsan/)
Classical Persian: سوسَن (sōsan), سَوْسَن (sawsan)
→ Arabic: سَوْسَن (sawsan)
Andalusian Arabic:
→ Galician: azucena
→ Portuguese: açucena
→ Spanish: azucena
Moroccan Arabic: سوسان (sūsān)

→ Hebrew: שׁוֹשַׁנָּה (shoshaná)
→ English: Shoshana
→ French: Chochana
→ Ancient Greek: Σουσάννα (Sousánna) (see there for further descendants)


ḫt n šnj

ḫt (“tree”) + n(j) (“of”) + šnj (“hair”).

af

n-h:Ba15s*t*Ba15as-M1-n:t-d:V12-b-Z1*Z1*Z1:Z1*Z1-!-xt:Z1-n-D3-Z1-Z1-Z1-!-q-b-M1-Z1-Z1
nh[t] nt d(ꜣ)b 5
ḫt-n-šnj 3
b(ꜣ)q 2
fig-sycamore . . . 5
hair-tree . . . 3

18th Dynasty, tomb of Ineni (TT81), list of trees

(hapax) an unknown plant, a tree or shrub that either is hairy or has hairy-looking inflorescences, fruits, or seeds


ktt

k:t*t-nDs 2ae gem. (canonical)
ktt (infinitive)
ktt (infinitive negative)
kttt (infinitive)
ktt (imperative infinitive singular)
kt (imperative infinitive singular)
ktt (imperative infinitive plural)
kt (imperative infinitive plural)
ktt (stative)
kt (stative)
ḥr ktt (imperfective)
m ktt (imperfective)
r ktt (prospective)
ktt.n (active perfect)
kt.n (active perfect)
kt.jn (active consecutive contingent)
kttt (active terminative)
kt (active perfective)
ktt.ḫr (active obligative)
ktt (active imperfective)
ktt (active prospective)
kt.kꜣ (active potential)
kt (active subjunctive)
kt.n (active participle perfect)
kt (active participle perfective)
kt (participle passive perfective)
ktw (participle passive perfective)
kty (participle passive perfective)
ktt (active imperfective participle)
ktty (active imperfective participle)
kttw (active imperfective participle)
kttj (active imperfective participle)
ktt (imperfective participle passive)
kttw (imperfective participle passive)
kt (active participle prospective)
kttj (active participle prospective)
ktttj (participle prospective)
kttt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

kttt

ktt.n.tj1, kt.n.tj1, ktt.n.tw2, kt.n.tw2

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.
# <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">kt</i> before suffix pronouns.

(intransitive) to be(come) little, sparse, small in quantity


nht

nht (singular)
nhtj (dual)
nhwt (plural)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩϩⲉ (nouhe)


jšdt

jšdt (singular)
jšdtj (dual)
jšdwt (plural)


dgm

dgm (singular)
dgmwj (dual)
dgmw (plural)

Demotic: tgm

⇒ Bohairic Coptic: ϫⲓⲥⲙⲓⲥ (čismis)

⇒ Sahidic Coptic: ⲧⲏϭⲙⲉⲥ (tēcmes)


ṯwfj

Demotic: ḏwf

Sahidic Coptic: ϫⲟⲟⲩϥ (čoouf)

desc

Bohairic Coptic: ϭⲟⲛϥ (conf), ϭⲟⲙϥ (comf)

→ Hebrew: סוּף

(Late Egyptian, uncountable) papyrus plant(s)


ꜣmꜥ

ꜣmꜥ (singular)
ꜣmꜥwj (dual)
ꜣmꜥw (plural)


mnwt

mn:nw*t (canonical feminine)
mnwt (singular)
mnwtj (dual)
mnwwt (plural)

mn:nw*t-xA-xA

Early 6th Dynasty, Tomb of Nyankhnesut, Relief of Men Bringing Birds and Cattle (Cleveland 1930.738), caption above pigeon


njw

njw (singular)
njwwj (dual)
njww (plural)


rrj

rrj (singular)
rrjwj (dual)
rrjw (plural)

Demotic: ryr

Coptic: ⲣⲓⲣ (rir)

Onomatopoeic, from the pig’s roaring or grunting.


nbs

nbs (singular)
nbswj (dual)
nbsw (plural)

Old Coptic: ⲛⲟⲩⲃⲥ (noubs)

de:Ludwig Köhler (Theologe)
de:Walter Baumgartner (Theologe)

Put by Koehler-Baumgartner to Arabic بَلَس (balas, “fig”) / Ge'ez በለስ (bäläs, “fig; sycomore”); because the Egyptian word has been glossed to mean sycomore, but this is not done so anymore. Instead the sycomore is in Egyptian nht, and Arabic has a similar word for the Christ’s thorn jujube in نَبِق (nabiq).

Christ’s thorn jujube (Ziziphus spina-christi)


ṯrp

ṯrp (singular)
ṯrpwj (dual)
ṯrpw (plural)

greater white-fronted goose
greater white-fronted goose

Anser albifrons
Anser albifrons#Translingual

greater white-fronted goose (Anser albifrons)


jwjw

jwjw (singular)
jwjwwj (dual)
jwjww (plural)

Probably a reduplication of jw (“dog”). The verb is then likely denominal, with its meaning deriving from the cry of the dog.


ꜥbḫn

ꜥbḫn (singular)
ꜥbḫnwj (dual)
ꜥbḫnw (plural)


qrr

q:r:r-TAw (canonical masculine)
qrr (singular)
qrrwj (dual)
qrrw (plural)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲗⲟⲟⲗⲉ (kloole)


qrr

q:r:r-Q7 2ae gem. (canonical)
qrr (infinitive)
qrr (infinitive negative)
qrrt (infinitive)
qrr (imperative infinitive singular)
qr (imperative infinitive singular)
qrr (imperative infinitive plural)
qr (imperative infinitive plural)
qrr (stative)
qr (stative)
ḥr qrr (imperfective)
m qrr (imperfective)
r qrr (prospective)
qrr.n (active perfect)
qr.n (active perfect)
qr (passive perfect)
qr.jn (active consecutive contingent)
active + .tj¹, .tw (consecutive contingent passive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfect)
qrrt (terminative)
qr (active perfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive perfective)
qrr.ḫr (active obligative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (obligative passive)
qrr (active imperfective)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective passive)
qrr (active prospective)
qrr (passive prospective)
qr.kꜣ (active potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive potential)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive prospective)
qr (active subjunctive)
active + .tj¹, .tw (passive subjunctive)
qr.n (active participle perfect relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfect relative)
qr (active participle perfective relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (participle passive perfective relative)
qr (active participle perfective)
qr (participle passive perfective)
qrw (participle passive perfective)
qry (participle passive perfective)
qrr (active imperfective participle relative)
qrry (active imperfective participle relative)
qrrw (active imperfective participle relative)
active + .tj¹, .tw (imperfective participle passive relative)
qrr (active imperfective participle)
qrrj (active imperfective participle)
qrry (active imperfective participle)
qrr (imperfective participle passive)
qrrw (imperfective participle passive)
qr (active participle prospective relative)
qrtj (active participle prospective relative)
qrrtj (participle prospective)
qrrt (participle prospective)

egy-conj-table

qrrt

qrr.n.tj1, qr.n.tj1, qrr.n.tw2, qr.n.tw2

# Only in the masculine singular.
# Only in the masculine.
# Only in the feminine.
# <i class="Latn mention" lang="egy">qr</i> before suffix pronouns.

(transitive, with m) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:


qrr

qrr (singular)
qrrwj (dual)
qrrw (plural)

Bohairic Coptic: ⲭⲣⲟⲩⲣ (khrour)

Sahidic Coptic: ⲕⲣⲟⲩⲣ (krour)