kleurstof

kleurstof f or m (plural kleurstoffen, diminutive kleurstofje n)

kleurstoffen (plural)
kleurstofje (diminutive neuter)


samenwerking

nl-noun

samenwerking f (plural samenwerkingen, diminutive samenwerkingetje n or samenwerkinkje n)

samenwerkingen (plural)
samenwerkingetje (diminutive neuter)
samenwerkinkje (diminutive neuter)

cooperation, working together, collaboration


verwant

verwant m (plural verwanten, feminine verwante)

Afrikaans: verwant

From Middle Dutch verwant, either a perfect participle of the verb verwenden, or a borrowing from either Middle Low German or Middle High German.

relative, family member, including distant relatives


voedingsstof

voedingsstof f (plural voedingsstoffen, diminutive voedingsstofje n)

voedingsstoffen (plural)
voedingsstofje (diminutive neuter)
voedingstof (alternative uncommon)

Afrikaans: voedingstof


koorknaap

koorknaap m (plural koorknapen, diminutive koorknaapje n)

koorknapen (plural)
koorknaapje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of koor (“choir”) + knaap (“boy”).

(music) a boy chorister, especially a treble whose voice hasn't broken yet

a juvenile acolyte, who assists the officiating priest

an innocent, trustworthy male person, regardless of age


knaap

knaap m (plural knapen, diminutive knaapje n)

knapen (plural)
knaapje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch cnāpe, from Old Dutch cnapo, from Proto-West Germanic *knappō.

Wie zei daar domme aap? / Pas op je woorden, knaap

(by extension) any human male, regardless of age

(chiefly in compounds) a servant, helper

a big one, whopper, said of a creature or an object


zwavel

Afrikaans: swawel

Negerhollands: swafel

→ Sranan Tongo: swafru, swarfu

→ Aukan: swalufu

→ Kari'na: suwapulu

→ Saramaccan: suwálufu

From Middle Dutch swēvel, swāvel, from Old Dutch *sweval, from Proto-Germanic *sweblaz.


luchtverontreiniging

luchtverontreiniging f (plural luchtverontreinigingen)


korstmos

korstmos n or m (plural korstmossen, diminutive korstmosje n)

korstmossen (plural)
korstmosje (diminutive neuter)

desc

→ Indonesian: lumut kerak (“lichen”, literally “crust moss”) (calque)

Compound of korst (“crust”) + mos (“moss”). First attested in the late 18th century.


onanisme

From the biblical name Onan: In the Book of Genesis, Onan, son of Judah, in fulfillment of the laws of levirate marriage was to impregnate his brother Er's widow, Tamar, in order to raise offspring from the union in his brother's name. In order to avoid raising descendants for his late brother, however, Onan spilled his semen on the ground when he went in to his brother's wife, so that he would not give offspring to his brother. (Genesis 38:9). Thus the word Onanism was coined, meaning ejaculating outside the vagina, or masturbation (because this also spills semen, rather than using it for procreation). Onan + -isme.

Het liefst zat hij thuis, zijn pijp te rooken en te lezen en zich te verbeelden, in egoïste fantazieën van cerebraal onanisme, prettige en ophitsende dingen, die zouden geweest zijn in verre verledens...


blasfemie

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin blasphēmia, from Ancient Greek βλασφημία (blasphēmía, “profanity”), from βλασφημέω (blasphēméō, “to slander”).


hindernis

nl-noun

hindernis f (plural hindernissen, diminutive hindernisje n)

hindernissen (plural)
hindernisje (diminutive neuter)

Het is maar een kleine hindernis.


rechthoek

rechthoek m (plural rechthoeken, diminutive rechthoekje n)

rechthoeken (plural)
rechthoekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: reghoek

From recht + hoek, calque of Latin rectangulum.


voorkeur

voorkeur m (plural voorkeuren, diminutive voorkeurtje n)

voorkeuren (plural)
voorkeurtje (diminutive neuter)

Mijn voorkeur gaat uit naar de eerste mogelijkheid.


epifyse

Ultimately from Ancient Greek ἐπιφυσις (epiphusis).


gutsen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


kopie

nl-noun

kopie f (plural kopieën, diminutive kopietje n)

kopieën (plural)
kopietje (diminutive neuter)
copie (alternative)
kopij (alternative)

Afrikaans: kopie

→ Indonesian: kopi

From Middle Dutch copie, from Old French copie, from Latin copia.


degen

degen m (plural degens, diminutive degentje n)

degens (plural)
degentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: degen

Negerhollands: deegen

→ Papiamentu: degel (dated)

→ West Frisian: degen

From Middle Dutch degen, from Middle High German degen, itself borrowed from Old French dague (“dagger”).

duelling sword, court sword (slender sword used in duels and battles; distinct from a rapier)


degen

From Middle Dutch degen, deghen, from Old Dutch *thegen, from Proto-West Germanic *þegn, from Proto-Germanic *þegnaz, from Proto-Indo-European *tek-.
Cognate with German Degen, English thane, Icelandic þegn, Ancient Greek τέκνον (téknon).


aartsabt

an archabbot, the general superior ranking above all other abbots in certain Catholic congregations


moederhuis

moederhuis n (plural moederhuizen, diminutive moederhuisje n)

moederhuizen (plural)
moederhuisje (diminutive neuter)

motherhouse, from which other monastic 'houses' are founded and/or governed

(colloquial, Belgium) maternity, a specialized hospital ward for childbirth and neonatal care


gemsbok

gemsbok m (plural gemsbokken, diminutive gemsbokje n)

gemsbokken (plural)
gemsbokje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gemsbok

→ English: gemsbok


briet

briet f (plural brieten, diminutive brietje n)

brieten (plural)
brietje (diminutive neuter)


sjocheet

Jewish butcher. One that makes meat kosher


moheel

moheel m (plural mohelen, diminutive moheeltje n)

mohelen (plural)
moheeltje (diminutive neuter)


toonbank

toonbank f (plural toonbanken, diminutive toonbankje n)

toonbanken (plural)
toonbankje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: toonbank

→ Sranan Tongo: tonbangi

→ West Frisian: toanbank

From tonen (“to show”) + bank (“bench”).

Gelieve niet dreigen met vuurwapens bij de toonbank.

Please do not express threats with firearms near the counter.

counter, a furniture surface on which wares are put and transacted


afleiding

afleiding f (plural afleidingen, diminutive afleidinkje n)

afleidingen (plural)
afleidinkje (diminutive neuter)

/ˈɑfˌlɛi̯.dɪŋ/

derivation (process by which a word has been derived)

derivative (a word which has been derived from another one)


draagbaar

draagbaar f (plural draagbaren, diminutive draagbaartje n)

draagbaren (plural)
draagbaartje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: dragbar

Compound of dragen (“to carry”) + baar (“stretcher”).

compound

Deze draagbaar is draagbaar.


kreet

nl-noun

kreet m (plural kreten, diminutive kreetje n)

kreten (plural)
kreetje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch crēte, a verbal noun to criten (Dutch krijten). Compare the derivation of beet and bijten.


verwante

verwante f (plural verwanten or verwantes)

female equivalent of verwant (“relative”)


kussen

kussen n (plural kussens, diminutive kussentje n)

kussens (plural)
kussentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kussing

Negerhollands: kissintje, kisintśi (from the diminutive)

desc

→ Papiamentu: kusinchi, koesientje, bunsinchi (from the diminutive)

→ Sranan Tongo: kunsu

→ Aukan: kunsu

→ Kari'na: kunsu

→ Saramaccan: kúnsu

From Middle Dutch cussin, from Old Dutch *kussīn, from Proto-West Germanic *kussīn. Reinforced from the Middle Dutch onwards by Old French cuisin, cussin and its descendants.


eerbied

Afrikaans: eerbied

→ West Frisian: earbied

From obsolete eerbieden. Equivalent to eer (“honour”) + bieden (“to offer”).


zedenkunde

From zede (“moral, morality, custom”) + -n- + -kunde.


belangstelling

nl-noun

belangstelling f (plural belangstellingen)

/bəˈlɑŋˌstɛ.lɪŋ/

From belang (“interest”) + stellen (“taking”) + -ing.


literatuur

literaturen (plural)
litteratuur (alternative)

Afrikaans: literatuur

→ Indonesian: literatur

Borrowed from French littérature, from Latin litterātūra.


schrik

nl-noun

schrik m (plural schrikken, diminutive schrikje n)

schrikken (plural)
schrikje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: skrek, skrik

Deverbal from schrikken. Compare German Schreck.

Ik heb schrik.


overal

overal m (plural overals, diminutive overalletje n)

overals (plural)
overalletje (diminutive neuter)


gunst

gunst f (plural gunsten, diminutive gunstje n)

gunsten (plural)
gunstje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch gunst, gonst, prefixed from ge- + onst, onste, the latter from Old Dutch anst, from Proto-West Germanic *unsti, from Proto-Germanic *unstiz.
Equivalent to gunnen + -st.


vervuiling

vervuiling f (plural vervuilingen, diminutive vervuilinkje n)

vervuilingen (plural)
vervuilinkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: vervuiling

From Middle Dutch vervulinge. Equivalent to vervuilen + -ing.


huishouden

huishouden n (plural huishoudens, diminutive huishoudentje n)

huishoudens (plural)
huishoudentje (diminutive neuter)
huishoud (alternative archaic)
huishou (alternative)

Negerhollands: hou hus

Alteration (influenced by the verb at Etymology 1) of earlier huishoud, from Middle Dutch huushout. Cognate with English household, German Haushalt.

a household, domestic unit of cohabitating people


blootstelling

blootstelling f (plural blootstellingen, diminutive blootstellinkje n)

blootstellingen (plural)
blootstellinkje (diminutive neuter)


ziekte

ziekte f (plural ziekten or ziektes, diminutive ziektetje n)

ziekten (plural)
ziektes (plural)
ziektetje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: siekte

From Middle Dutch siecte. Equivalent to ziek (“sick, ill”) + -te (“-ness, -th”).


tiental

tiental n (plural tientallen, diminutive tientalletje n)

tientallen (plural)
tientalletje (diminutive neuter)

a multiple of ten which is less than a hundred


aandoening

aandoening f (plural aandoeningen, diminutive aandoeninkje n)

aandoeningen (plural)
aandoeninkje (diminutive neuter)


ademhaling

ademhaling f (plural ademhalingen, diminutive ademhalinkje n)

ademhalingen (plural)
ademhalinkje (diminutive neuter)
asemhaling (alternative)


schatting

schatting f (plural schattingen, diminutive schattingetje n or schattinkje n)

schattingen (plural)
schattingetje (diminutive neuter)
schattinkje (diminutive neuter)


abondance

Borrowed from French abondance, from Latin abundantia.


brosser

brosser m (plural brossers, diminutive brossertje n)

brossers (plural)
brossertje (diminutive neuter)

(Belgium, informal) a truant, who skips class


slijmvlies

slijmvlies n (plural slijmvliezen, diminutive slijmvliesje n)

slijmvliezen (plural)
slijmvliesje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: sleimvlis


afvalstof

afvalstof f (plural afvalstoffen, diminutive afvalstofje n)

afvalstoffen (plural)
afvalstofje (diminutive neuter)


gevoeligheid

gevoeligheid f (plural gevoeligheden, diminutive gevoeligheidje n)

gevoeligheden (plural)
gevoeligheidje (diminutive neuter)

tenderness (discomfort when an affected area is touched)


gnosticisme

From Ancient Greek γνωστικός (gnōstikós, “relating to knowledge”) + -isme.


bloedvat

nl-noun

bloedvat n (plural bloedvaten, diminutive bloedvaatje n)

bloedvaten (plural)
bloedvaatje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of bloed (“blood”) + vat (“vessel”).


vaataandoening

vaataandoening f (plural vaataandoeningen, diminutive vaataandoeninkje n)

vaataandoeningen (plural)
vaataandoeninkje (diminutive neuter)


verbranding

verbranding f (plural verbrandingen, diminutive verbrandinkje n)

verbrandingen (plural)
verbrandinkje (diminutive neuter)


steenkool

steenkool f (plural steenkolen, diminutive steenkooltje n)

steenkolen (plural)
steenkooltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: steenkool

→ Caribbean Javanese: stingkul

From Middle Dutch steencōle. Equivalent to steen + kool.


dalen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


mardijker

nl-noun

mardijker m (plural mardijkers, diminutive mardijkertje n)

mardijkers (plural)
mardijkertje (diminutive neuter)

From Indonesian merdeka (“free”). Compare to Tagalog maharlika (“freeman”).

former slave (especially Portuguese or Dutch), who was converted to Christianity. Mostly used in the time of the VOC presence in Indonesia


romusha

romusha's (plural)
romusha (plural)
romoesja (alternative uncommon)

(historical) a romusha; an Indonesian who had to perform penal servitude for the Japanese during the Second World War


dwangbevel

/ˈdʋɑŋ.bəˌvɛl/


permoeda

permoeda ? (plural permoeda's, diminutive permoedaatje n)

permoeda's (plural)
permoedaatje (diminutive neuter)

Indonesian nationalistic adolescent, used from 1945. Their battle cry was bersiap "be prepared"


factorij

factorij f (plural factorijen, diminutive factorijtje n)

factorijen (plural)
factorijtje (diminutive neuter)

(history) factory, trading post abroad operated by a company


koelie

koelie m (plural koelies, diminutive koelietje n)

koelies (plural)
koelietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: koelie

→ Caribbean Javanese: kuli

→ Papiamentu: kuli

→ Sranan Tongo: kuli

(historical) coolie (Asian manual worker)

(Netherlands, derogatory, offensive) coolie (person of Indian or Indonesian background)

(Suriname, derogatory, offensive) coolie (Indian Surinamese person, a Surinamese person of Indian descent)


atmosfeer

atmosfeer m (plural atmosferen, diminutive atmosfeertje n)

atmosferen (plural)
atmosfeertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: atmosfeer

→ Indonesian: atmosfer

Borrowed from French atmosphère. Equivalent to atmo- (“air”) + -sfeer (“globe”).

(planets, meteorology, astronomy) atmosphere (gases surrounding an astronomical body)

(units, colloquial) one Earth atmosphere (atm)

(uncommon) synonym of sfeer (“atmosphere, ambiance, mood”)


chatbot

chatbot m (plural chatbots or chatbotten, diminutive chatbotje n)

chatbots (plural)
chatbotten (plural)
chatbotje (diminutive neuter)

From English chatbot; equivalent to chatten + bot.


weerssituatie

weerssituatie f (plural weerssituatiën or weerssituaties)

weerssituatiën (plural)
weerssituaties (plural)


zege

zege f (plural zeges, diminutive zegetje n)

zeges (plural)
zegetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: sege

From Middle Dutch sēge, from Old Dutch *sigi, from Proto-West Germanic *sigʀ, from Proto-Germanic *segaz.


maagd

maagd f (plural maagden, diminutive maagdje n or maagdelijn n or maagdeken n)

maagden (plural)
maagdje (diminutive neuter)
maagdelijn (diminutive neuter)
maagdeken (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: maagd

Negerhollands: magd, maegt

→ West Frisian: maagd

From Middle Dutch māget, from Old Dutch *magath, from Proto-Germanic *magaþs. Doublet of meid.

(astrology) a Virgo; someone born with the star sign Virgo


ketjap

ketjap m (plural ketjaps, diminutive ketjapje n)

ketjaps (plural)
ketjapje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Peranakan Indonesian ketjap. Compare English ketchup, Kapampangan kesiap. Doublet of ketchup.


juwelier

nl-noun

juwelier m (plural juweliers, diminutive juweliertje n)

juweliers (plural)
juweliertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: juwelier

From Middle French joaillier. Equivalent to juweel + -ier.


anekdote

anekdote f (plural anekdotes or anekdoten, diminutive anekdootje n)

anekdotes (plural)
anekdoten (plural)
anekdootje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: anekdot

Borrowed from French anecdote, from Latin anecdota, plural of anecdotum, from Ancient Greek ἀνέκδοτος (anékdotos), from ἀν- (an-, “not, un-”) + ἔκδοτος (ékdotos, “published”).


intercity

intercity m (plural intercity's, diminutive intercity'tje n)

intercity's (plural)
intercity'tje (diminutive neuter)


ångström

From the name of the Swedish physicist Anders Jonas Ångström.


mascotte

mascotte f or m (plural mascottes, diminutive mascotje n or mascottetje n)

mascottes (plural)
mascotje (diminutive neuter)
mascottetje (diminutive neuter)


goede

Substantivization of the adjective goed.


vlinderdas

vlinderdas m (plural vlinderdassen, diminutive vlinderdasje n)

vlinderdassen (plural)
vlinderdasje (diminutive neuter)


nakomelingetje

nl-noun-dim

nakomelingetje n (plural nakomelingetjes)


rekenkunde

→ Indonesian: ilmu hitung (calque)


veelvoud

nl-noun

veelvoud n (plural veelvouden, diminutive veelvoudje n)

veelvouden (plural)
veelvoudje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: veelvoud

From veel + -voud. Compare Middle English felefold, German Vielfalt.


deler

deler m (plural delers, diminutive delertje n)

delers (plural)
delertje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch dêelre, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic [Term?]; compare Old English dælere (English dealer), Old High German teilāri (German Teiler). By surface analysis, delen + -er. Doublet of dealer.


spiegeling

spiegeling f (plural spiegelingen, diminutive spiegelingetje n)

spiegelingen (plural)
spiegelingetje (diminutive neuter)


lijnstuk

lijnstuk n (plural lijnstukken, diminutive lijnstukje n)

lijnstukken (plural)
lijnstukje (diminutive neuter)


gelijkheid

Negerhollands: gliekheit


Europeaan

Europeaan m (plural Europeanen, diminutive Europeaantje n, feminine Europeaanse or Europese)

Europeanen (plural)
Europeaantje (diminutive neuter)
Europeaanse (feminine)
Europese (feminine)

Petjo: Eropeaan

From Europa + -aan, probably influenced by Latin Eurōpaeus.


ploegen

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


academie

nl-noun

academie f (plural academiën or academies, diminutive academietje n)

academiën (plural)
academies (plural)
academietje (diminutive neuter)
akademie (alternative)

Afrikaans: akademie

→ Indonesian: akademi

→ Peranakan Indonesian: academie

From Middle French académie, from Latin acadēmīa, from Ancient Greek Ἀκαδημία (Akadēmía), a grove of trees and gymnasium outside of Athens where Plato taught; from the name of the supposed former owner of that estate, the Attic hero Akademos. Compare academe, academia, Akademeia.

Ik was op de Koninklijke Militaire Academie in Bandung, voor twee jaar. Maar het is natuurlijk zo dat men niet op een koninklijke academie kan leren hoe men een leger in een revolutionaire situatie kan opbouwen. Dat heb ik later wel, min of meer via lectuur, een beetje doorgedacht, tijdens de Japanse bezetting.

1976, 0:40:06 from the start, in Roelof Kiers, director, Indonesia Merdeka, spoken by T. B. Simatupang, via VPRO, retrieved 2024-07-16:

I was at the Royal Military Academy in Bandung for two years. But the thing is, of course, that one cannot learn at a royal academy how to build up an army in a revolutionary situation. I did think that through somewhat, more or less by reading, a bit later, during the Japanese occupation.


hars

From Middle Dutch hars, harst, from Middle High German harz (modern German Harz), from Old High German harz, from Proto-West Germanic *hart, from Proto-Germanic *hartą.


haakje

→ Papiamentu: haki (dated)

Gebruik van vierkante haakjes

Gebruik van ronde haakjes


brandpunt

brandpunt n (plural brandpunten, diminutive brandpuntje n)

brandpunten (plural)
brandpuntje (diminutive neuter)

→ Japanese: ピント


raaklijn

raaklijn f (plural raaklijnen, diminutive raaklijntje n)

raaklijnen (plural)
raaklijntje (diminutive neuter)

From raken (“to touch”) + lijn (“line”), calque of Latin tangēns līnea. Coined by Simon Stevin.


snijpunt

snijpunt n (plural snijpunten, diminutive snijpuntje n)

snijpunten (plural)
snijpuntje (diminutive neuter)

(geometry) point of simple crossing between two curves – i.e. point of intersection but not of tangency


raakpunt

raakpunt n (plural raakpunten, diminutive raakpuntje n)

raakpunten (plural)
raakpuntje (diminutive neuter)


helling

helling f (plural hellingen, diminutive hellinkje n)

hellingen (plural)
hellinkje (diminutive neuter)

→ Russian: эллинг (elling)

From Middle Dutch heldinge. Equivalent to hellen + -ing.


strekking

strekking f (plural strekkingen, diminutive strekkinkje n)

strekkingen (plural)
strekkinkje (diminutive neuter)


gesteente

gesteente n (plural gesteenten or gesteentes)

From steen + ge- -te. Compare German Gestein.


slijper

slijper m (plural slijpers, diminutive slijpertje n)

slijpers (plural)
slijpertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: sleiper


verovering

verovering f (plural veroveringen, diminutive veroveringetje n or veroverinkje n)

veroveringen (plural)
veroveringetje (diminutive neuter)
veroverinkje (diminutive neuter)


vervolgen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


eenmaking

unification (action or process of unifying groups, institutions or polities)


gezag

Afrikaans: gesag

→ West Frisian: gesach

From Middle Dutch gesach. Equivalent to ge- + zeggen.


gevangen

/ɣəˈʋɑŋə(n)/

From Proto-West Germanic *gafangan, past participle of *fą̄han, equivalent to ge- + vangen. Comparable to Middle Low German gevangen.


gevangen

/ɣəˈʋɑŋə(n)/


gevangene

Declined form of gevangen, the past participle of vangen. Compare German Gefangener and Gefangene.

De politie heeft de ontsnapte gevangene na een klopjacht gearresteerd.

The police arrested the escaped prisoner after a manhunt.


weigering

weigering f (plural weigeringen, diminutive weigeringetje n or weigerinkje n)

weigeringen (plural)
weigeringetje (diminutive neuter)
weigerinkje (diminutive neuter)


zucht

zucht m (plural zuchten, diminutive zuchtje n)

zuchten (plural)
zuchtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: sug

Negerhollands: sucht

From Middle Dutch sucht, socht, from Old Dutch *suft (“sigh, sip”), from Proto-West Germanic *sūftu.


zucht

zucht f (plural zuchten, diminutive zuchtje n)

From Middle Dutch suchte, from Old Dutch suhti, suhte (also sufte which is a hypercorrection), from Proto-West Germanic *suhti, from Proto-Germanic *suhtiz.
Cognate to German Sucht and Old Norse sótt. Related to ziek.

(usually used in compounds) a disease, sickness


vlek

vlek f or m (plural vlekken, diminutive vlekje n)

vlekken (plural)
vlekje (diminutive neuter)

→ Sranan Tongo: flaka, fraka

→ Caribbean Javanese: flakah, flèg

From Middle Dutch vleck, vlecke (also vlacke), from Old Dutch flec (attested as a byname) and *flekko, from Proto-West Germanic *flekkō, from Proto-Germanic *flekka- (“spot, mark, blemish”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂g-, *pleh₂k- (“to beat, strike”).


vlek

nl-noun

vlek n (plural vlekken, diminutive vlekje n)


bijzin

bijzin m (plural bijzinnen, diminutive bijzinnetje n)

bijzinnen (plural)
bijzinnetje (diminutive neuter)


hoofdzin

hoofdzin m (plural hoofdzinnen, diminutive hoofdzinnetje n)

hoofdzinnen (plural)
hoofdzinnetje (diminutive neuter)


keizerrijk

keizerrijk n (plural keizerrijken, diminutive keizerrijkje n)

keizerrijken (plural)
keizerrijkje (diminutive neuter)


keizer

keizer m (plural keizers, diminutive keizertje n, feminine keizerin)

keizers (plural)
keizertje (diminutive neuter)
keizerin (feminine)

Afrikaans: keiser

→ Indonesian: kaisar

Negerhollands: keiser

From Middle Dutch keiser, from Old Dutch keiser, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar. Doublet with tsaar (“tsar”).


deelstaat

deelstaat m (plural deelstaten, diminutive deelstaatje n)

deelstaten (plural)
deelstaatje (diminutive neuter)

desc

→ Indonesian: negara bagian (“state”) (calque)

Compound of deel (“part”) + staat (“state”).

a state – a member state or constituent state of a federation or confederation


achterstand

nl-noun

achterstand m (plural achterstanden, diminutive achterstandje n)

achterstanden (plural)
achterstandje (diminutive neuter)

delay, retardation; the state of being behind others (e.g. peers)

(sports, games) the condition of being behind one's opponent(s); the score or quantity that forms the deficit


berekening

berekening f (plural berekeningen, diminutive berekeninkje n)

berekeningen (plural)
berekeninkje (diminutive neuter)


veelheid

veelheid f (plural veelheden, diminutive veelheidje n)

veelheden (plural)
veelheidje (diminutive neuter)


samenvatting

samenvatting f (plural samenvattingen, diminutive samenvattinkje n)

samenvattingen (plural)
samenvattinkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: samevatting


bespreking

bespreking f (plural besprekingen, diminutive besprekinkje n)

besprekingen (plural)
besprekinkje (diminutive neuter)


uitgave

uitgave f (plural uitgaven or uitgaves, diminutive uitgavetje n or uitgaafje n)

uitgaven (plural)
uitgaves (plural)
uitgavetje (diminutive neuter)
uitgaafje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: uitgawe

From the verb uitgeven (“to give out, to spend”). Equivalent to uit + gave.
Compare German Ausgabe.


doorbraak

doorbraak f (plural doorbraken, diminutive doorbraakje n)

doorbraken (plural)
doorbraakje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of door + braak, after doorbreken.

breakthrough (act of breeching or breaking through something)

breakthrough (process or instance of becoming widely known or popular)


betrokkenheid

involvement, implication (e.g. in a crime)


lazaret

Borrowed from French lazaret, from Italian lazzaretto.

a medical facility for people suffering from leprosy or mesel, a lazaret, a medical leprosery


mortier

mortier m (plural mortieren, diminutive mortiertje n)

mortieren (plural)
mortiertje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: monti

→ Virgin Islands Creole: monti (dated)

→ Indonesian: mortir

Borrowed from Middle Dutch mortier, from Middle French mortier, from Old French [Term?], from Latin mortārium.

mortar (cannon with near-vertical orientation)


mops

mops m (plural mopsen, diminutive mopsje n)

mopsen (plural)
mopsje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mops

→ German: Mops

→ Czech: mops

→ English: mops

→ Polish: mops


stumper

stumper m (plural stumpers, diminutive stumpertje n)

stumpers (plural)
stumpertje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: stumpler

Earlier stomper; from stomp + -er, someone with a stump, who has lost an arm or a leg. Cognate with German Stümper.


antoniem

antoniem n (plural antoniemen, diminutive antoniempje n)

antoniemen (plural)
antoniempje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French antonyme, created to serve as the opposite of synonyme, from Ancient Greek ἀντί (antí, “opposite”) + ὄνομα (ónoma, “name, word”).

antonym (word which has the opposite meaning)


dobbelsteen

dobbelsteen m (plural dobbelstenen, diminutive dobbelsteentje n)

dobbelstenen (plural)
dobbelsteentje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: dobbelsteen

→ Papiamentu: dogostenchi, dobbelsteen (dated)

Compound of dobbelen (“to throw dice”) + steen (“stone”).

compound

dice, polyhedron used in games of chance


teerling

nl-noun

teerling m (plural teerlingen, diminutive teerlinkje n)

teerlingen (plural)
teerlinkje (diminutive neuter)

From French terne (“double three”) but was dissimilated with the suffix -ling.

(dated) dice, polyhedron used in games of chance


kwart

kwart n (plural kwarten, diminutive kwartje n)

kwarten (plural)
kwartje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Hindustani: kwát

→ Caribbean Javanese: kuwat

→ Papiamentu: kuart

From Middle Dutch quarte, from Old French quart, from Latin quārta.


kwartaal

kwartaal n (plural kwartalen, diminutive kwartaaltje n)

kwartalen (plural)
kwartaaltje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: kuartal

quarter, trimester (period of three months)


Duitse

Duitse f (plural Duitsen, masculine Duitser)


onderscheid

Negerhollands: onderskeit, onderskei


echtgenoot

echtgenoot m (plural echtgenoten, diminutive echtgenootje n, feminine echtgenote)

echtgenoten (plural)
echtgenootje (diminutive neuter)
echtgenote (feminine)

Afrikaans: eggenoot

From echt (“wedlock”) + genoot (“partner”).

Mijn echtgenoot en ik vieren binnenkort ons 25-jarig huwelijksjubileum.

My husband and I will soon celebrate our 25th wedding anniversary.

Ze is al veertig jaar gelukkig getrouwd met haar echtgenoot.

She has been happily married to her husband for forty years.

De rechten en plichten van een echtgenoot zijn wettelijk vastgelegd.

The rights and duties of a spouse are legally defined.


keer

keer m or n (plural keren, diminutive keertje n)

keren (plural)
keertje (diminutive neuter)

Jersey Dutch: kôr

From Middle Dutch keer, kere, ultimately a derivative of Dutch keren (“to turn around, revolve”) (compare the semantic development of werf and English turn). Compare German Low German Kehr (“time, turn”), German Kehr (“turn, direction”), Old English ċierr ("turn, time, occasion"; > English chore).

gloss

"turn, time, occasion"; > English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">chore</i>

Dit is de eerste keer dat ik naar Parijs reis.

This is the first time I am traveling to Paris.

Ze heeft me al meerdere keren uitgenodigd voor haar verjaardagsfeest.

She has invited me to her birthday party multiple times.

Bij elke keer dat ik haar zie, is ze vriendelijker.

She becomes friendlier each time I see her.

Na veel tegenslagen hoopten ze op een keer van geluk.

After many setbacks, they hoped for a reversal of luck.

Zijn optreden in de wedstrijd markeerde een belangrijke keer in zijn carrière.

His performance in the match marked a significant turn in his career.

Het bedrijf maakte een keer in strategie om de omzet te verhogen.

The company made a reversal in strategy to increase revenue.


generaal

nl-noun

generaal m (plural generaals, diminutive generaaltje n)

generaals (plural)
generaaltje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: general

Afrikaans: generaal

full general (rank higher than a colonel)


overwinning

overwinning f (plural overwinningen, diminutive overwinningetje n or overwinninkje n)

overwinningen (plural)
overwinningetje (diminutive neuter)
overwinninkje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: overwinning

/ˌoːvərˈʋɪnɪŋ/


derivaat

derivaat n (plural derivaten, diminutive derivaatje n)

derivaten (plural)
derivaatje (diminutive neuter)

(finance) a derivative (financial instrument whose value depends on the valuation of an underlying asset)


odol

odol m (plural odols or odollen, diminutive odolletje n)

odols (plural)
odollen (plural)
odolletje (diminutive neuter)
ODOL (alternative)

(slang) a morning wood (erection upon waking up, nocturnal penile tumescence). acronym of ontzettend dikke ochtendlul


wervel

wervel m (plural wervels, diminutive werveltje n)

wervels (plural)
werveltje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch wervel, from Old Dutch *wirvil, from Proto-Germanic *hwirbilaz.


landgenoot

landgenoot m (plural landgenoten, diminutive landgenootje n)

landgenoten (plural)
landgenootje (diminutive neuter)

From land (“country, state”) + genoot (“fellow, companion”).


Italiaanse

nl-noun

Italiaanse f (plural Italiaansen, masculine Italiaan)

Italiaansen (plural)
Italiaan (masculine)


Italiaan

Italiaan m (plural Italianen, diminutive Italiaantje n, feminine Italiaanse)

Italianen (plural)
Italiaantje (diminutive neuter)
Italiaanse (feminine)
Italiaen (alternative obsolete)

From Middle Dutch italiaen. Equivalent to Italië (“Italy”) + -aan (“-an”).

(by extension) something Italian, e.g. a restaurant


bijdragen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


actie

nl-noun

actie f (plural acties or actiën, diminutive actietje n)

acties (plural)
actiën (plural)
actietje (diminutive neuter)
aktie (alternative)

Afrikaans: aksie

→ Caribbean Javanese: aksi

→ German: Aktie

→ Indonesian: aksi

→ Malay: aksi

→ Peranakan Indonesian: actie

→ Petjo: aksi

→ Sranan Tongo: aksi

From Middle Dutch actie, directly or ultimately from Latin āctiō (“action”).

De kinderen waren druk bezig met hun speelse acties in het park.

The children were busy with their playful activities in the park.

De actiefilm zat vol met spannende acties en spectaculaire stunts.

The action movie was full of exciting action and spectacular stunts.

action, activity, movement; especially (without article) a fast-paced activity

De natuurkundeleraar demonstreerde de wet van actie en reactie in de klas.

The physics teacher demonstrated the law of action and reaction in class.

De wet van behoud van actie stelt dat het totale impulsmoment van een systeem constant blijft.

The law of conservation of motion states that the total momentum of a system remains constant.

(law, obsolete) legal charge; formal claim

De gerechtelijke acties van de erfgenamen betroffen de verdeling van de actiën in wijlen vaders zaak.

The heirs' legal claims in court concerned the division of the shares in their late father's firm.

(finance, archaic, historical) share in an enterprise


rhonchus

Borrowed from Latin rhonchus, from Ancient Greek ῥόγχος (rhónkhos).


kleinzoon

kleinzoon m (plural kleinzonen or kleinzoons, diminutive kleinzoontje n)

kleinzonen (plural)
kleinzoons (plural)
kleinzoontje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kleinseun

From klein (“small, little”) + zoon (“son”), calque of French petit-fils.

Haar kleinzoon is zwemleraar.


schoonzus

schoonzus f (plural schoonzussen, diminutive schoonzusje n)

schoonzussen (plural)
schoonzusje (diminutive neuter)

From schoon + zus, calque of Middle French belle-soeur.

sister-in-law (brother's wife or spouse's sister)


schoonzuster

schoonzuster f (plural schoonzusters, diminutive schoonzustertje n)

schoonzusters (plural)
schoonzustertje (diminutive neuter)

From schoon + zuster, calque of Middle French belle-soeur.


schoonzoon

schoonzoon m (plural schoonzonen, diminutive schoonzoontje n)

schoonzonen (plural)
schoonzoontje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch schoonsone, an early calque from Middle French (compare French beau-fils).

In enkele culturen die nog bruidsverkoop beoefenen moet een schoonzoon soms voor haar familie werken om zijn vrouw te verdienen.

In a few cultures still practicing the sale of brides, a son-in-law may have to work for her family to earn his wife.

son-in-law (male partner of one's child)


schoondochter

schoondochter f (plural schoondochters, diminutive schoondochtertje n)

schoondochters (plural)
schoondochtertje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: skoon-dogter

From Middle Dutch schoondochter, a calque from Middle French belle-fille. By surface analysis, schoon + dochter.


kaneel

Negerhollands: kaneel

→ Virgin Islands Creole: caneel

→ Papiamentu: kané

→ Sranan Tongo: kaneri

→ Caribbean Hindustani: kaneri

From Middle Dutch caneel, from Old French canele, a diminutive that ultimately derives from Latin canna (“reed”).


inktvis

inktvis m (plural inktvissen, diminutive inktvisje n)

inktvissen (plural)
inktvisje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: inkvis

Inktvis is een misleidende naam: het is helemaal geen vis, zelfs geen gewerveld dier, en inktvissen produceren ook geen echte inkt, al wordt er wel pasta sepia gekleurd met het goedje

"Inktvis" is a misleading name: it's not a fish at all, not even a vertebrate, and squids produce no actual ink either, although some pasta is colored sepia with the stuff

a squid, marine mollusk of the superorder Decabrachia or Decapodiformes or more generally (including octopuses) of the class Cephalopoda


wc

wc's (plural)
wc'tje (diminutive neuter)

→ Aukan: weisei

→ Caribbean Hindustani: wc

→ Saramaccan: wéésée

From English WC, an initialism for water closet.


bloembed

bloembed n (plural bloembedden, diminutive bloembedje n)

bloembedden (plural)
bloembedje (diminutive neuter)

De tuinman heeft een nieuw bloembed aangelegd.

The gardener has laid out a new flower bed.

Er zijn veel kleurrijke bloemen in dat bloembed.

There are many colorful flowers in that flower bed.

Ze spendeert veel tijd aan het verzorgen van haar bloembedden.

She spends a lot of time tending to her flower beds.


aangezicht

aangezicht n (plural aangezichten, diminutive aangezichtje n)

aangezichten (plural)
aangezichtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: aangesig

desc

Negerhollands: aangesecht, aangesicht, angesigt

From Middle Dutch aengesichte. Equivalent to aan (“on”) + gezicht (“face, view”).

(formal) face (part of head), countenance


Zoeloe

nl-noun

Zoeloe m (plural Zoeloes, diminutive Zoeloetje n)

Zoeloes (plural)
Zoeloetje (diminutive neuter)

Sjaka, de stichter van het rijk der Zoeloes, was een groot veldheer die een terreurregime vestigde door massaslachtingen en zowel weerspannige Zoeloes als andere tegenstanders levend liet spietsen.

Shaka, the founder of the Zulus' empire, was a great general who established a rule of terror by massive killings and ordered both refractory Zulus and other opponents empaled alive.


mazzel

Borrowed from Yiddish מזל (mazl, “luck”).

Hij had mazzel.


baarmoeder

baarmoeder f (plural baarmoeders, diminutive baarmoedertje n)

baarmoeders (plural)
baarmoedertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: baarmoeder

From Middle Dutch baermoeder. Analyzable as baren (“to give birth”) + moeder (“uterus; mother”). Compare analogous German Gebärmutter.


republiek

nl-noun

republiek f (plural republieken, diminutive republiekje n)

republieken (plural)
republiekje (diminutive neuter)
republicq (alternative obsolete)
republijk (alternative obsolete)
republiq (alternative obsolete)
republique (alternative obsolete)
republyk (alternative obsolete)

Borrowed from French république, from Latin rēspūblica or rēs pūblica.


aureool

aureool n (plural aureolen, diminutive aureooltje n)

aureolen (plural)
aureooltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: oureool

Borrowed from French auréole, from Latin aureola.


doder

doder m (plural doders, diminutive dodertje n)

doders (plural)
dodertje (diminutive neuter)

De politie heeft de doder achtervolgd en uiteindelijk gearresteerd.

The police chased the killer and eventually arrested him.


theorie

theorie f (plural theorieën, diminutive theorietje n)

theorieën (plural)
theorietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: teori


carrosserie

carrosserie f (plural carrosserieën, diminutive carrosserietje n)

carrosserieën (plural)
carrosserietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: karosêri


landengte

landengte f (plural landengtes or landengten, diminutive landengtetje n)

landengtes (plural)
landengten (plural)
landengtetje (diminutive neuter)


componist

componist m (plural componisten, diminutive componistje n, feminine componiste)

componisten (plural)
componistje (diminutive neuter)
componiste (feminine)

Afrikaans: komponis

→ Indonesian: komponis

Borrowed from German Komponist. Equivalent to componeren + -ist.


eerste naamval

eerste naamval m (plural eerste naamvallen)

Literally, “first case”. Compare German (der) erste Fall (“nominative (case)”, literally “first case”), Low German (de) eerste Fall (“nominative (case)”, literally “first case”).


oorsprong

Afrikaans: oorsprong

Negerhollands: oorsprong

From Middle Dutch orspronc (“spring; origin”). Equivalent to oor- (“original”) + sprong (“jump”). Compare German Ursprung.

inh

origin; point, place or line whence one originates


hoornaar

nl-noun

hoornaar m (plural hoornaars, diminutive hoornaartje n)

hoornaars (plural)
hoornaartje (diminutive neuter)

By surface analysis, hoorn + -aar (perhaps referring to its antennae), but likely actually derived from Proto-West Germanic *hurnutu, whence English hornet.


overdracht

overdracht f (plural overdrachten, diminutive overdrachtje n)

overdrachten (plural)
overdrachtje (diminutive neuter)


Stoli

Stoli ? (plural Stoli's, diminutive Stolietje n)

Stoli's (plural)
Stolietje (diminutive neuter)


standbeeld

standbeeld n (plural standbeelden, diminutive standbeeldje n)

standbeelden (plural)
standbeeldje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: standbeeld

→ West Frisian: stânbyld (calque)

From stand + beeld, modelled on Latin statua. Cf. German Standbild, which is of a later date.


afkomst

afkomst f (plural afkomsten, diminutive afkomstje n)

afkomsten (plural)
afkomstje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: afkoms

Negerhollands: afkomst


navolging

navolging f (plural navolgingen, diminutive navolgingetje n or navolginkje n)

navolgingen (plural)
navolgingetje (diminutive neuter)
navolginkje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: naevolging

/ˈnaːvɔlɣɪŋ/


armoede

From Middle Dutch armoede, from earlier armode by analogy with moed, from Old Dutch *armodi, from Proto-West Germanic *armōdī, from Proto-Germanic *armōdiją.

armoe (alternative)
armoei (alternative)


dronk

dronk m (plural dronken, diminutive dronkje n)

dronken (plural)
dronkje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch dronc, from Old Dutch *drunc, from Proto-Germanic *drunkiz (“drink”). More at drink.


gezelschap

gezelschap n (plural gezelschappen, diminutive gezelschapje n)

gezelschappen (plural)
gezelschapje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: geselskap

From Middle Dutch geselschap, from Old Dutch *giselliskap. Equivalent to gezel + -schap. Cognate with German Gesellschaft.


gezel

gezel m (plural gezellen, diminutive gezelletje n, feminine gezellin)

gezellen (plural)
gezelletje (diminutive neuter)
gezellin (feminine)

From Middle Dutch geselle, from Old Dutch gisello, from Proto-Germanic *gasaljô.


kogel

kogel m (plural kogels, diminutive kogeltje n)

kogels (plural)
kogeltje (diminutive neuter)
koegel (alternative)

Negerhollands: koegel

→ Lokono: kogel

→ Aukan: kuguu

From Middle Dutch coghele, from or related to Middle High German kugele, from Proto-West Germanic *kuggil, from Proto-Germanic *kuggilō, derivative of *kuggǭ (“cog, swelling”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewgʰ- (“swelling, bow”), from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bow, bend, arch, curve”).
Compare West Frisian kûgel (“bullet”), English cudgel (“heavy stick, bat, club”).

cog

projectile: bullet, shot (heavy iron ball used for the shot put)


worp

nl-noun

worp m (plural worpen, diminutive worpje n)

worpen (plural)
worpje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch worp. Equivalent to a deverbal from werpen.

(veterinary) the act of giving birth in mammals

(veterinary) the group of young animals born at the same time (from the same mother mammal)


twijfel

twijfel m (plural twijfels, diminutive twijfeltje n)

twijfels (plural)
twijfeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: twyfel

Negerhollands: twiefel, twieffel

→ Sranan Tongo: twèifel

→ Caribbean Javanese: twèifel

From Middle Dutch twivel, twifel, from Old Dutch twīval, from Proto-West Germanic *twīfl, from Proto-Germanic *twīflaz, equivalent to an old derivation of Dutch twee (“two”).


tufsteen

tufsteen m (plural tufstenen, diminutive tufsteentje n)

tufstenen (plural)
tufsteentje (diminutive neuter)

Adapted borrowing of German Tuffstein. Equivalent to tuf + steen. Displaced dufsteen, which derived from Middle Dutch.


katoen

From Middle Dutch catoen, from older cotoen, from Old French coton, from Old Italian cotone, from Arabic قُطُن (quṭun).


katoen

katoen n (plural katoenen, diminutive katoentje n)

katoenen (plural)
katoentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: katoen

Berbice Creole Dutch: katun

→ Lokono: káruñ

→ Caribbean Hindustani: kátun

→ German: Kattun (“calico”)

→ Indonesian: katun

→ Munsee: kátoon

→ Papiamentu: katuna, katoena

→ Sranan Tongo: katun

→ Aukan: katun

→ West Frisian: katoen


koolzuur

koolzuur n (plural koolzuren, diminutive koolzuurtje n)

koolzuren (plural)
koolzuurtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: koolsuur

→ Japanese: 炭酸 (calque)

From kool (“coal, carbon”) + zuur (“acid”).


zuivel

zuivel m (plural zuivels, diminutive zuiveltje n)

zuivels (plural)
zuiveltje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch suvel, from Old Dutch *sūval (“food eaten with bread”), from Proto-West Germanic *sufl, from Proto-Germanic *suflą (“entremets, viands”), from Proto-Indo-European *sew-.
Cognate with Old Saxon sūval, Middle Low German sûvel (“dairy products”), Old Frisian sūval, Saterland Frisian süfel, West Frisian suvel, Old English sufol (“sowl”), Middle English suvel, English sowl, Old High German suvil, sufili, sufila, Old Norse sufl, Danish sul, Norwegian Bokmål suvl, Swedish sovel.

cog

dairy products (collective name for milk products)


dienblad

nl-noun

dienblad n (plural dienbladen, diminutive dienblaadje n)

dienbladen (plural)
dienblaadje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of dienen (“serve”) + blad (“leaf, tray”).

Zij liet haar dienblad vallen en het kostelijke eten belandde op de vloer.

She dropped her tray and the delicious food landed on the floor.

service tray, as used to present and serve dishes, drinks etc.


kier

kier m or f (plural kieren, diminutive kiertje n)

kieren (plural)
kiertje (diminutive neuter)

De deur stond op een kier


hofleverancier

hofleverancier m (plural hofleveranciers, diminutive hofleveranciertje n)

hofleveranciers (plural)
hofleveranciertje (diminutive neuter)

From hof (“court”) + leverancier (“supplier”).

compound

(title) royal purveyor – purveyor to the royal household


pijnboom

nl-noun

pijnboom m (plural pijnbomen, diminutive pijnboompje n)

pijnbomen (plural)
pijnboompje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: pynboom

From Middle Dutch pijnboom. Equivalent to pijn (“pine”) + boom.

Pinus sylvestris
Pinus sylvestris#Translingual

mainly the species Pinus sylvestris (Scots pine)


kalksteen

kalksteen m (plural kalkstenen, diminutive kalksteentje n)

kalkstenen (plural)
kalksteentje (diminutive neuter)


overblijfsel

overblijfsel n (plural overblijfselen or overblijfsels, diminutive overblijfseltje n)

overblijfselen (plural)
overblijfsels (plural)
overblijfseltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: oorblyfsel

→ West Frisian: oerbliuwsel (calque)


merg

Afrikaans: murg

→ Papiamentu: merg (dated)

From Middle Dutch march, from Old Dutch marg, *merg, from Proto-West Germanic *maʀg, from Proto-Germanic *mazgą, from Proto-Indo-European *mosgʰos.
Cognate with Limburgish mérg, West Flemish mark, Zealandic merk, Old Saxon marg, Middle Low German marg, Plautdietsch Moakj, Old Frisian *march, West Frisian moarch, Old English mearh, Middle English mary, English marrow, Scots merch, Yola marrough, Old High German marg, Middle High German marc, German Mark, Central Franconian Märch, Luxembourgish Muerch, Vilamovian miök, Yiddish מאַרך (markh), Old Norse mergr, Icelandic mergur, Faroese mergur, Norwegian Bokmål marg, Norn mergi, Danish marv, Swedish märg.
More distantly related to Lithuanian smẽgenys, Old Prussian musgeno, Old Church Slavonic мозгъ (mozgŭ), Russian мозг (mozg), Czech mozek, Polish mózg, Persian مغز, Ossetian магъз (maǧz), Kamkata-viri muǰ.

marg (alternative dialectal)
morg (alternative dialectal)
murg (alternative dialectal)


opeenhoping

opeenhoping f (plural opeenhopingen, diminutive opeenhopinkje n)

opeenhopingen (plural)
opeenhopinkje (diminutive neuter)


verwering

verwering f (plural verweringen, diminutive verwerinkje n)

verweringen (plural)
verwerinkje (diminutive neuter)


opname

opname f (plural opnamen or opnames, diminutive opnametje n)

opnamen (plural)
opnames (plural)
opnametje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: opname

→ Indonesian: opname

Derived from opnemen on the model of German Aufnahme, which is deverbal (with ablaut) from aufnehmen; compare the etymology at Proto-Germanic *nēmō. The same is true of other nouns in -name.

Opname door planten en algen blijkt af te nemen bij hogere temperaturen.

Absorption by plants and algae appears to decrease at higher temperatures.

the act of absorbing or assimilating, uptake, absorption

In een kast bij de voormalige studio waren nog wat opnames gevonden.

A few more recordings have been found in a closet at the former studio.

a recording, a record, something that has been recorded

Tijdens een opname mag niemand naar binnen.

Nobody may go inside during a recording.

De opname van geherintroduceerde soortgenoten in de groep ging soepeler than verwacht.

The adoption of reintroduced members of the same species into the group when more smoothly than was expected.

the act of including, adopting or assimilating

In deze koude streek pieken opnames in de winter.

Medical intakes peak in winter in this cold region.

an intake, admission (for medical services)

the department or office in a medical facility (such a hospital) dealing with the admission of patients


ontvangst

ontvangst f (plural ontvangsten, diminutive ontvangstje n)

ontvangsten (plural)
ontvangstje (diminutive neuter)

Bij onze ontvangst in het hotel kregen we allerlei hapjes.

De ontvangst van het geld verliep vlotjes.

reception of a transmitted signal such as radio or television


geschiedkunde

history (the branch of knowledge that studies the past)


stofzuiger

stofzuiger m (plural stofzuigers, diminutive stofzuigertje n)

stofzuigers (plural)
stofzuigertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: stofsuier (possibly from German instead)

→ Papiamentu: stòfzùiger

Compound of stof + zuigen + -er. Possibly a calque. First attested in the 1870s.

Bijzonder goed werkte ook de stofzuiger, die alle vezelen en stofdeelen, welke natuurlijk bij het vlasbewerken overvloedig rondzweven in de werkplaats, opzuigt en in de open lucht voert.

1874 October 29, “Binnenlandsche berichten”, in Goessche Courant, volume 61, number 128, page 2:

(archaic) a stationary industrial device that removes dust and other particles


broos

broos f (plural brozen, diminutive broosje n)

brozen (plural)
broosje (diminutive neuter)


stichter

stichter m (plural stichters, diminutive stichtertje n)

stichters (plural)
stichtertje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: stigter


kerstekind

kerstekind n (plural kerstekinderen, diminutive kerstekindje n)

kerstekinderen (plural)
kerstekindje (diminutive neuter)
kerstkind (alternative Netherlands)

From kerst (“Christmas”) + -e- + kind (“child”).

compound

(Belgium) a child born on Christmas (Eve or Day)

(Belgium, informal) a dupe, as easy to trick as a young child


schroevendraaier

nl-noun

schroevendraaier m (plural schroevendraaiers, diminutive schroevendraaiertje n)

schroevendraaiers (plural)
schroevendraaiertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Aukan: sukuufu daai

→ Indonesian: drai

→ Papiamentu: skrufdrai

→ Saramaccan: sukúfu-daái

plural of schroef “screw” + draaier “which turns” (agent noun of draaien)


moer

moer f (plural moeren, diminutive moertje n)

moeren (plural)
moertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: moer (dated)

Contraction of moeder (“mother”) by regular syncope of medial /d/ (compare broer, blij, leer, la).

sediment formed in various alcoholic drinks and vinegar; compare French: mère de vinaigre

the main in a structure; general version


moer

→ Caribbean Javanese: mur

→ Indonesian: mur

→ Papiamentu: mur, moer

A shortening of moerschroef, from moer (“mother”) + schroef (“bolt”).

a type of fastener with a threaded hole; a nut

Het kan me geen moer schelen.

(informal) something small and insignificant (in the phrase geen moer)


moer

moer n (plural moeren, diminutive moertje n)

From Middle Dutch moer (“morass”), from Old Dutch *mōr, from Proto-West Germanic *mōr, from Proto-Germanic *mōraz. Related to meer (“lake”). Cognate with English moor, Old English mōr (“moor, marsh”).


hengst

hengst m (plural hengsten, diminutive hengstje n)

hengsten (plural)
hengstje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hings

From Middle Dutch henxt, from Old Dutch *hengist, from Proto-West Germanic *hangist, from Proto-Germanic *hangistaz.

Deze hengst heeft een uitstekende stamboom.

This stallion has an excellent pedigree.

stallion (male horse, especially uncastrated)

Hij gaf zijn aanvaller een geweldige hengst.

He gave his attacker an enormous wallop.

(metonymic) a very hard hit, like given by a angrily kicking stallion


kalf

kalf n (plural kalveren, diminutive kalfje n)

kalveren (plural)
kalfje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kalf

Jersey Dutch: käälv

Negerhollands: kalv, kalfi, calluf

From Middle Dutch calf, from Old Dutch calf, from Proto-Germanic *kalbaz.

a calf (young cow or bull; young bovine)

a calf (young elephant; young deer; young of certain marine mammals)


Amerikaan

Amerikaan m (plural Amerikanen, diminutive Amerikaantje n, feminine Amerikaanse)

Amerikanen (plural)
Amerikaantje (diminutive neuter)
Amerikaanse (feminine)

Negerhollands: amerikanner

→? Sranan Tongo: Amerkan

→ Caribbean Javanese: Mirkan

an American (person born in or citizen of the USA or the Americas)


roeping

roeping f (plural roepingen, diminutive roepinkje n)

roepingen (plural)
roepinkje (diminutive neuter)

Het kloosterleven was zijn roeping.


houding

houding f (plural houdingen, diminutive houdinkje n)

houdingen (plural)
houdinkje (diminutive neuter)

From houden + -ing. The meaning comes from reflexive 'zich houden'.


avondmaaltijd

avondmaaltijd m (plural avondmaaltijden, diminutive avondmaaltijdje n)

avondmaaltijden (plural)
avondmaaltijdje (diminutive neuter)

From avond (“evening”) + maaltijd (“meal”).


isolijn

isolijn f (plural isolijnen, diminutive isolijntje n)

isolijnen (plural)
isolijntje (diminutive neuter)


indonesianistiek

study of Indonesia, its languages and culture


belofteploegje

nl-noun-dim

belofteploegje n (plural belofteploegjes)


encyclopedie

nl-noun

encyclopedie m (plural encyclopedieën, diminutive encyclopedietje n)

encyclopedieën (plural)
encyclopedietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ensiklopedie

→ Betawi: ènsiklopédi

→ Indonesian: ensiklopedi

Borrowed from French encyclopédie, from Middle French [Term?], from New Latin encyclopaedīa, from a univerbated form of Koine Greek ἐγκύκλιος παιδείᾱ (enkúklios paideíā, “education in the circle of arts and sciences”), from ἐγκύκλιος (enkúklios, “circular”) + παιδείᾱ (paideíā, “child-rearing, education”).

der

ἐγκύκλιος παιδείᾱ

encyclopedia (comprehensive work of reference with articles on a range of topics, in one field or even all fields)

Hij onderwees encyclopedie van het recht.

(now chiefly academic jargon) encyclopedia (comprehensive summary of knowledge)


zweefvliegen

Compound of zweven (“to hover, glide”) + vliegen (“to fly”).

compound

gliding, flying with unpowered wings (whether by animals without flapping their wings, unpowered aircraft or powered aircraft with the engines turned off)


zweefvliegen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


zweefvliegtuig

nl-noun

zweefvliegtuig n (plural zweefvliegtuigen, diminutive zweefvliegtuigje n)

zweefvliegtuigen (plural)
zweefvliegtuigje (diminutive neuter)

From zweven (“glide”) + vliegtuig (“plane”).


kwadraat

kwadraat n (plural kwadraten, diminutive kwadraatje n)

kwadraten (plural)
kwadraatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Middle French quadrat, from Latin quadrātum.


associatie

associatie f (plural associaties, diminutive associatietje n)

associaties (plural)
associatietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: assosiasie

→ Indonesian: asosiasi

Borrowed from Middle French association, from Latin associātiō. Equivalent to associëren + -atie.

connotation (suggested or implied meaning)


synoniem

synoniem n (plural synoniemen, diminutive synoniempje n)

synoniemen (plural)
synoniempje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: sinonim

synonym, word with (nearly) the same meaning as another


adelaar

adelaar m (plural adelaars, diminutive adelaartje n)

adelaars (plural)
adelaartje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch adeler. Cognate with German Adler.

eagle (Any of several large carnivorous birds in the family Accipitridae)

Romeinse legioenen koesterden hun adelaars zoals Britse regimenten hun banieren.

Roman legions treasured their eagles like British regiments treasured their colours.

effigy of an eagle; insignia comprising one

Duitsland, Polen en Roemenië hebben allen adelaars op hun wapens.

Germany, Poland and Romania all have eagles on their coats of arms.

(heraldry) eagle (on or supporting a coat of arms)


stemmer

stemmer m (plural stemmers, diminutive stemmertje n)

stemmers (plural)
stemmertje (diminutive neuter)

tuner: someone who tunes a musical instrument

voter: someone who is eligible to vote in an election


fikken

fikken pl (plural only, diminutive fikjes n)

From Middle Dutch fikkere, earlier vijghe, possibly from the root of Etymology 1 (“to burn”).

Blijf met je fikken van m'n spullen af!

(plural only, colloquial or slightly vulgar) fingers


schijt

From Middle Dutch schite, from Old Dutch skīta, from Proto-West Germanic *skiti, from Proto-Germanic *skītaz, *skitiz.
Cognate to Low German Schiet, German Scheiße, English shit, Danish skid, Swedish skit. Doublet of shit.

(vulgar) shit (solid excretory product evacuated from the bowel)


gewei

gewei n (plural geweien, diminutive geweitje n)

geweien (plural)
geweitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gewei

→ West Frisian: gewei

Borrowed from German Geweih. Doublet of gewicht.

an antler or a set of antlers, the bony structure(s) on the head of deer, moose or other antilope species


turkoois

turkoois n or m (plural turkooizen, diminutive turkooisje n)

turkooizen (plural)
turkooisje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle French Turquoise, from Old French (pierre) turqueise (“Turkish (stone)”). The stone was originally brought to Europe from Turkestan.

der

turkoois:

its typical, bright blue-greenish color n (uncountable)


pijnstiller

nl-noun

pijnstiller m (plural pijnstillers, diminutive pijnstillertje n)

pijnstillers (plural)
pijnstillertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: pynstiller

Het veelvuldig gebruik van pijnstillers kan tot gezondheidsproblemen leiden.

Regular use of painkillers can lead to health problems.


tandpijn

tandpijn f (plural tandpijnen, diminutive tandpijntje n)

tandpijnen (plural)
tandpijntje (diminutive neuter)

Jersey Dutch: tāndpāin

Negerhollands: taanpien, pien na taan

→ Virgin Islands Creole: pintan (dated)

Compound of tand (“tooth”) + pijn (“pain”). Cf. Norwegian Nynorsk tannpine.

Ik kan niet eten vanwege deze vreselijke tandpijn.

I can't eat because of this terrible toothache.

Heb je ooit tandpijn gehad?

Ze gebruikte kruidnagelolie om de tandpijn te verzachten.

She used clove oil to alleviate the toothache.

toothache (in any tooth or in a non-molar tooth in particular)


giftand

giftand m (plural giftanden, diminutive giftandje n)

giftanden (plural)
giftandje (diminutive neuter)

a fang, a hollow type of tooth which venomous creatures use to inject poison in a prey or enemy


toxine

toxine f or m (plural toxines or toxinen, diminutive toxinetje n)

toxines (plural)
toxinen (plural)
toxinetje (diminutive neuter)


knapenschenner

knapenschenner m (plural knapenschenners, diminutive knapenschennertje n)

knapenschenners (plural)
knapenschennertje (diminutive neuter)

From knaap (“boy”) + -en- (“violator”) + schenner.

compound

a paederast, a pedophile who sexually abuses boys


nagedachtenis

nl-noun

nagedachtenis f (plural nagedachtenissen, diminutive nagedachtenisje n)

nagedachtenissen (plural)
nagedachtenisje (diminutive neuter)


buur

buur m (plural buren, diminutive buurtje n)

buren (plural)
buurtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: buur

Jersey Dutch: buer

From Middle Dutch buur, from Old Dutch *būr, from Proto-West Germanic *būr, from Proto-Germanic *būraz (“dweller, inhabitant”). Doublet of boer.


voorganger

nl-noun

voorganger m (plural voorgangers, diminutive voorgangertje n, feminine voorgangster)

voorgangers (plural)
voorgangertje (diminutive neuter)
voorgangster (feminine)

Negerhollands: voorgang

/ˈvoːrˌɣɑ.ŋər/

From Middle Dutch voreganger. Equivalent to voorgaan + -er.

Coordinate term: opvolger


opvolger

opvolger m (plural opvolgers, diminutive opvolgertje n, feminine opvolgster)

opvolgers (plural)
opvolgertje (diminutive neuter)
opvolgster (feminine)

Coordinate term: voorganger


weduwnaar

weduwnaar m (plural weduwnaars or weduwnaren, diminutive weduwnaartje n, feminine weduwe)

weduwnaars (plural)
weduwnaren (plural)
weduwnaartje (diminutive neuter)
weduwe (feminine)

Afrikaans: wewenaar

Jersey Dutch: wanor

Negerhollands: weduwer

→ Caribbean Hindustani: widhur

From Middle Dutch weduwenaer. Equivalent to weduwe (“widow”) + -aar.


universiteit

universiteit f (plural universiteiten, diminutive universiteitje n)

universiteiten (plural)
universiteitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: universiteit

Negerhollands: universitet

desc

→ Indonesian: universiteit, universitet, universitit (dated)

→ Peranakan Indonesian: universiteit

From Middle Dutch universiteit, from Old French universitei, from Medieval Latin ūniversitās.
Compare German Universität.

university, (university) college (especially in the United States)


romanisatie

nl-noun

romanisatie f (plural romanisaties, diminutive romanisatietje n)

romanisaties (plural)
romanisatietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: romanisasie

→ Indonesian: romanisasi

root of Romaans 'Romance' + -isatie '-isation'

romanization, process of either acculturation to the Romance culture or of phonetic notation and transliteration to Roman script


grootouder

grootouder m (plural grootouders, diminutive grootoudertje n)

grootouders (plural)
grootoudertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: grootouer

From groot- (“grand-”) + ouder (“parent”), calque of French grand-parent or by analogy of grootvader and grootmoeder.

grandparent, a parent of someone's parent


mineraal

mineraal n (plural mineralen, diminutive mineraaltje n)

mineralen (plural)
mineraaltje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: mineral


psychiater

psychiater m (plural psychiaters, diminutive psychiatertje n)

psychiaters (plural)
psychiatertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: psikiater

psychiatrist (doctor specializing in psychiatry)


zonnewende

zonnewende f (plural zonnewenden or zonnewendes)

zonnewenden (plural)
zonnewendes (plural)


halfrond

halfrond n (plural halfronden, diminutive halfrondje n)

halfronden (plural)
halfrondje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: halfrond


peil

peil n (plural peilen, diminutive peiltje n)

peilen (plural)
peiltje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch peyl, a Hollandic variant of peghel, from Old Dutch pegil, from Proto-West Germanic *pagil. Doublet of pegel (“icicle”).


peiling

peiling f (plural peilingen, diminutive peilinkje n)

peilingen (plural)
peilinkje (diminutive neuter)

→ Russian: пе́ленг (péleng)

(literally) measurement (of depth) by sounding


opiniepeiling

opiniepeiling f (plural opiniepeilingen, diminutive opiniepeilinkje n)

opiniepeilingen (plural)
opiniepeilinkje (diminutive neuter)

From opinie (“opinion”) + peiling (“sounding”).

compound

opinion poll, methodic attempt to quantify public opinion


baviaan

nl-noun

baviaan m (plural bavianen, diminutive baviaantje n)

bavianen (plural)
baviaantje (diminutive neuter)
baviaen (alternative obsolete)

Berbice Creole Dutch: babiana

→ German: Pavian (see there for further descendants)

From Middle Dutch baubijn, from Old French babuin, perhaps from baboe (“grimace”).
The spelling with -iaen (modern spelling: -iaan) first appears in the sixteenth century, becoming common in the seventeenth century, perhaps due to the Arminian controversy as a rhyme for arminiaan.

(obsolete, Protestantism, derogatory) Arminian, Remonstrant


middernacht

middernacht m (plural middernachten, diminutive middernachtje n)

middernachten (plural)
middernachtje (diminutive neuter)

desc

Negerhollands: middernacht, midnat, medlat, middernagt

→ Virgin Islands Creole: midnat (dated)

From Middle Dutch middernacht, variant of middenacht. The form middernacht originated as a dative in expressions like te(r) midder nacht (“at midnight”).

Het feest begon om 20:00 uur en eindigde om middernacht.

The party started at 8:00 pm and ended at midnight.

Ze wachtte tot middernacht om hem te verrassen met zijn verjaardagscadeau.

She waited until midnight to surprise him with his birthday gift.


verzoek

nl-noun

verzoek n (plural verzoeken, diminutive verzoekje n)

verzoeken (plural)
verzoekje (diminutive neuter)

request (act of requesting), friendly demand, petition


inkt

inkt m (plural inkten, diminutive inktje n)

inkten (plural)
inktje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ink

Negerhollands: ink

desctree

Sranan Tongo: enki
Saramaccan: enki
→ Caribbean Hindustani: inki
→ Caribbean Javanese: éngki

→ Japanese: インキ (inki)

From Middle Dutch inct (“ink”), from Latin encaustum (“the red ink used by Roman and Greek rulers to sign documents”), from Latin encaustus (“paint technique using wax burning”), from Ancient Greek ἔγκαυστον (énkauston, “burned-in”), from ἐν (en, “in”) + καίω (kaíō, “burn”). Related to Dutch encaustiek. Cognate with English ink.

der

ink (coloured fluid used for writing, painting etc.)


hoefijzer

nl-noun

hoefijzer n (plural hoefijzers, diminutive hoefijzertje n)

hoefijzers (plural)
hoefijzertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hoefyster

→ West Frisian: hoefizer (calque)

From Middle Dutch hoefisen. Equivalent to hoef (“hoof”) + ijzer (“iron”).

horseshoe (metallic 'shoe' for an equine's hoof)


ogenblik

ogenblik n (plural ogenblikken, diminutive ogenblikje n)

ogenblikken (plural)
ogenblikje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: oomblik

Negerhollands: oogenblik

From Middle Dutch ogenblic, from Middle Low German ōgenblik. Compare Norwegian øyeblikk, Danish øjeblik, German Augenblick, Icelandic augnablik, Swedish ögonblick, Yiddish אויגנבליק (oygnblik), and English eyeblink. Equivalent to oog (“eye”) + -en- + blik (“look”).

moment, blink of an eye (instant of time)


bewaker

bewaker m (plural bewakers, diminutive bewakertje n)

bewakers (plural)
bewakertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: bewaker


spraakverwarring

spraakverwarring f (plural spraakverwarringen, diminutive spraakverwarrinkje n)

spraakverwarringen (plural)
spraakverwarrinkje (diminutive neuter)

From spraak (“speech”) + verwarring (“confusion”).


kwajongen

nl-noun

kwajongen m (plural kwajongens, diminutive kwajongetje n)

kwajongens (plural)
kwajongetje (diminutive neuter)

From kwade (“bad, evil”) + jongen (“boy”).

Ach, hij is een kwajongen, maar dat hoort erbij.

Sure he is a rascal, but what else is new?

rascal boy, an imp particularly inclined to mischief


borst

borst f (plural borsten, diminutive borstje n)

borsten (plural)
borstje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bors

Negerhollands: borst, bos, borsje

→ Sranan Tongo: borsu

From Middle Dutch borst, from Old Dutch brust, from Proto-West Germanic *brust, from Proto-Germanic *brusts, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to swell, blow, inflate”).


slagzin

nl-noun

slagzin m (plural slagzinnen, diminutive slagzinnetje n)

slagzinnen (plural)
slagzinnetje (diminutive neuter)


patrijs

patrijs f (plural patrijzen, diminutive patrijsje n)

patrijzen (plural)
patrijsje (diminutive neuter)
partrijs (alternative obsolete)
patrys (alternative obsolete)
partrys (alternative obsolete)

Afrikaans: patrys

→ West Frisian: patriis

From Middle Dutch patrise, from older partrise, from Old French pertriz, variant of perdriz, from Latin perdīx (“partridge”), from Ancient Greek πέρδιξ (pérdix, “partridge”). Forms retaining the first r existed into the 17th century.

der

A partridge, any bird of the genera Perdix or Alectoris.

Perdix perdix
Perdix perdix#Translingual

(particularly) grey partridge (Perdix perdix)


patrijs

patrijzen (plural)
patrijsje (diminutive neuter)


ambtsroede

nl-noun

ambtsroede f (plural ambtsroeden or ambtsroedes, diminutive ambtsroedetje n)

ambtsroeden (plural)
ambtsroedes (plural)
ambtsroedetje (diminutive neuter)

(rare) rod of office, a rod-shaped attribute symbolizing an official dignity


ambt

ambt n (plural ambten, diminutive ambtje n)

ambten (plural)
ambtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: amp

From Middle Dutch ampt. Originally the same word as ambacht and possibly a mere variant of it. However, the fact that the earliest occurrences are found in texts by eastern writers, makes it likely that this form is a borrowing from Middle High German ambet, ambt (whence modern German Amt), from Old High German ambahti, from Proto-Germanic *ambahtaz, from Gaulish ambaxtos, from Proto-Celtic *ambaxtos.

office, function, post (an official position)


hoef

hoef m (plural hoeven, diminutive hoefje n)

hoeven (plural)
hoefje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch hoef, from Old Dutch *huof, from Proto-Germanic *hōfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱoph₂ós.
Cognate with West Frisian hoef, German Huf, English hoof, Danish hov.


naakt

naakt n (plural naakten, diminutive naaktje n or nakie n)

naakten (plural)
naaktje (diminutive neuter)
nakie (diminutive neuter)
nakend (alternative dialectal)

From Middle Dutch naket, naect, from Old Dutch nakot, from Proto-Germanic *nakwadaz, from Proto-Indo-European *nogʷós (“naked, bare”). Cognate with Low German naakd, German nackt, English naked, West Frisian neaken, Danish nøgen, Swedish naken.

der

a nude, an artwork representing a naked subject

nakie is informally used in the expression In m'n nakie — In the nude


strafrecht

Afrikaans: strafreg

desc

→ Indonesian: hukum pidana (“criminal law”, literally “punishment law”) (calque)

From straf (“punishment”) + recht (“law”).


paljas

nl-noun

paljas m (plural paljassen, diminutive paljasje n)

paljassen (plural)
paljasje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French paillasse, from Middle French [Term?], from Latin palea.


paljas

Borrowed from French paillasse, from Italian pagliaccio, from Latin palea. Doublet of pias. Compare to Pierrot.


strafkolonie

strafkolonie f (plural strafkoloniën or strafkolonies, diminutive strafkolonietje n)

strafkoloniën (plural)
strafkolonies (plural)
strafkolonietje (diminutive neuter)

From straf (“punishment”) + kolonie (“colony”).

compound

Australië begon zijn staatkundig bestaan als een strafkolonie.

Australia started out its political existence as a penal colony.


hamel

nl-noun

hamel m (plural hamels, diminutive hameltje n)

hamels (plural)
hameltje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch hamel, from Old Dutch *hamal, from Proto-Germanic *hamalaz (“mutilated, castrated”). Cognate with German Hammel. Further origin uncertain; perhaps related to ham (“bacon”).


aanloop

nl-noun

aanloop m (plural aanlopen, diminutive aanloopje n)

aanlopen (plural)
aanloopje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: aanloop

→ West Frisian: oanloop

From Middle Dutch aenloop. Equivalent to a deverbal from aanlopen.

Zij nam een aanloop en waagde de sprong.

aanloop naar de verkiezingen

(grammar) an element, usually an interjection or subordinate clause, preceding the main clause

(obsolete) attack, charge (attack in which opponents charge at one another)


hangmat

hangmat f (plural hangmatten, diminutive hangmatje n)

hangmatten (plural)
hangmatje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hangmat

→ West Frisian: hingelmatte (calque)

Swedish: hängmatta

From Spanish hamaca, from Taíno *hamaka, which changed to ham(m)ak and then, via hangmak, to hangmat, literally “hanging mat”. Modified by influence of hangen (“to hang”) + mat (“mat”). This development is a case of popular etymology. The first attestation of such an adapted form is in a German text; it is nevertheless believed that the German form is indeed borrowed from Dutch. See Hängematte for more. Compare also English hammock.


ammoniak

→ Indonesian: amoniak

(chemistry) ammonia (compound in gaseous form)


verval

verval n (plural vervallen, diminutive vervalletje n)

vervallen (plural)
vervalletje (diminutive neuter)

(geography, hydrology) vertical distance between two points of a watercourse (in units of length)


afstoting

afstoting f (plural afstotingen, diminutive afstotinkje n)

afstotingen (plural)
afstotinkje (diminutive neuter)


everzwijn

everzwijn n (plural everzwijnen, diminutive everzwijntje n)

everzwijnen (plural)
everzwijntje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch everswijn. Equivalent to ever + zwijn.


ijk

ijk m (plural ijken, diminutive ijkje n)

ijken (plural)
ijkje (diminutive neuter)


zolder

zolder m (plural zolders, diminutive zoldertje n)

zolders (plural)
zoldertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: solder

→ Sranan Tongo: sodro

→ Aukan: sodoo

→ Caribbean Hindustani: sodro

→ Caribbean Javanese: slodro

From Middle Dutch solder, solre, from Old Dutch *solari, *soleri, from Latin sōlārium. Cognate with German Söller. The -d- is a late epenthesis and therefore did not cause the development -old- → -oud- (as in goud etc.). Doublet of solarium.

attic (space, often unfinished and with sloped walls, directly below the roof)


roeren

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


afwachting

/ˈɑfˌʋɑx.tɪŋ/


botsing

nl-noun

botsing f (plural botsingen, diminutive botsinkje n)

botsingen (plural)
botsinkje (diminutive neuter)


omtrek

omtrek m (plural omtrekken, diminutive omtrekje n)

omtrekken (plural)
omtrekje (diminutive neuter)


hellemoer

hellemoer f (plural hellemoeren, diminutive hellemoertje n)

hellemoeren (plural)
hellemoertje (diminutive neuter)

From hel (“hell”) + -e- + moer (“mother”), literally “mother of hell”.

compound

Wat een hellemoer is dat!


bruut

nl-noun

bruut m (plural bruten, diminutive bruutje n)

bruten (plural)
bruutje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch bruut, from Old French brut, from Latin brūtus. Doublet of bruto.

Hij is een grote bruut.


knolraap

knolraap m (plural knolrapen, diminutive knolraapje n)

knolrapen (plural)
knolraapje (diminutive neuter)

From knol (“bulb”) + raap (“rape, turnip”).

Brassica rapa
Brassica rapa#Translingual

turnip (the white root of a yellow-flowered plant, Brassica rapa, grown as a vegetable and as fodder for cattle)


romancier

romancier m (plural romanciers, diminutive romanciertje n)

romanciers (plural)
romanciertje (diminutive neuter)


bivakmuts

bivakmuts f (plural bivakmutsen, diminutive bivakmutsje n)

bivakmutsen (plural)
bivakmutsje (diminutive neuter)


waanzinnige

waanzinnige m or f (plural waanzinnigen)


medaille

medaille f (plural medailles, diminutive medailletje n)

medailles (plural)
medailletje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Javanese: médali

→ Indonesian: medali

Borrowed from Middle French médaille, from Italian medaglia, from Medieval Latin medālia.

a medal (stamped metal disc awarded as a prize)


duivel

duivel m (plural duivels or duivelen, diminutive duiveltje n)

duivels (plural)
duivelen (plural)
duiveltje (diminutive neuter)
duvel (alternative archaic dialectal)

Afrikaans: duiwel

Berbice Creole Dutch: diflu

Negerhollands: duvel, dievel

From Middle Dutch duvel, from Old Dutch diuval, from Proto-West Germanic *diubul, from Latin diabolus, from Ancient Greek διάβολος (diábolos).


ichthus

From Ancient Greek ΙΧΘΥΣ (IKHTHUS, “fish”), used as an acronym for Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs, “Jesus”) Χριστός (Khristós, “Christ”) θεοῦ (theoû, “of God”) υἱός (huiós, “son”) σωτήρ (sōtḗr, “saviour”).

ichthys (fish used as a Christian symbol)


schepsel

schepsel n (plural schepsels or schepselen, diminutive schepseltje n)

schepsels (plural)
schepselen (plural)
schepseltje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: skepsel

From the root of scheppen (“to create”) + -sel (“which indicates a result”).

affix

creature, a life form (believed to be created in most religious traditions)

wretch; vulnerable, contemptible, or miserable individual


wijfje

Het wijfje draagt een welp in haar bek.

The female animal carries a whelp in her mouth.


creatuur

nl-noun

creatuur n (plural creaturen, diminutive creatuurtje n)

creaturen (plural)
creatuurtje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: kreatuur

From Middle Dutch creature, from Latin creātūra, from creō (“to create”).

monster, monstrous or loathsome creature


creatuur

creatuur f (plural creaturen, diminutive creatuurtje n)


evolutie

evolutie f (plural evoluties, diminutive evolutietje n)

evoluties (plural)
evolutietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: evolusie

→ Indonesian: evolusi

evolution (general: a gradual process of development)


rouwstemming

From rouw (“mourning”) + stemming (“mood”).

Na de nederlaag van het nationale elftal verkeerde het hele land in rouwstemming.

After the defeat of the national team the whole country was in doom and gloom.


beeldscherm

beeldscherm n (plural beeldschermen, diminutive beeldschermpje n)

beeldschermen (plural)
beeldschermpje (diminutive neuter)


schutting

schutting f (plural schuttingen, diminutive schuttinkje n)

schuttingen (plural)
schuttinkje (diminutive neuter)

→ Aukan: sikotu

From Middle Dutch schuttinge. Equivalent to schutten (“to shield, protect”) + -ing.

a (usually wooden) solid, or nearly solid, barrier separating two pieces of land; fence


onderbroek

onderbroek f (plural onderbroeken, diminutive onderbroekje n)

onderbroeken (plural)
onderbroekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: onderbroek

→ Sranan Tongo: ondrobruku (calque)

→ Aukan: ondoo buuku

→ West Frisian: ûnderbroek (calque)

From onder (“under”) + broek (“trousers”). Attested since the seventeenth century.

Hij haalde een schone onderboek uit de la.

He took clean underpants from the drawer.

a pair of undershorts, underpants or pants (underwear for any sex or gender), short or long johns which can be worn under trousers and directly on the skin of lower limbs and private parts


biographie

biographie f (plural biographieën, diminutive biographietje n)

biographieën (plural)
biographietje (diminutive neuter)

(dated) superseded spelling of biografie


bakker

bakker m (plural bakkers, diminutive bakkertje n, feminine bakster or bakkerin)

bakkers (plural)
bakkertje (diminutive neuter)
bakster (feminine)
bakkerin (feminine)

Afrikaans: bakker

→ Caribbean Hindustani: bákrimán

→ Sranan Tongo: bakri

From Middle Dutch backer, from Old Dutch *bakar, *baker, from Proto-Germanic *bakārijaz.

baker (person who bakes and sells bread, etc)


jij-bak

Compound of jij (“you”) + bak (“joke, wisecrack”).

(Netherlands) a personal attack, especially a tu quoque


herbivoor

herbivoor m (plural herbivoren, diminutive herbivoortje n)

herbivoren (plural)
herbivoortje (diminutive neuter)

(zoology) herbivore (plant-eating animal)


planteneter

planteneter m (plural planteneters, diminutive plantenetertje n)

planteneters (plural)
plantenetertje (diminutive neuter)


kanteel

kanteel m (plural kantelen, diminutive kanteeltje n)

kantelen (plural)
kanteeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kanteel

→ West Frisian: kantiel


fobie

fobie f (plural fobies or fobieën, diminutive fobietje n)

fobies (plural)
fobieën (plural)
fobietje (diminutive neuter)

(pathology) a phobia, irrational or obsessive fear or anxiety


ballen

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

as plurale tantum: gutts, courage, audacity


schaamte

nl-noun

schaamte f (plural schaamten or schaamtes, diminutive schaamtetje n)

schaamten (plural)
schaamtes (plural)
schaamtetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: skaamte

Negerhollands: skaam

From Middle Dutch schaemde. Equivalent to schamen + -te.

feeling of shame (uncomfortable or painful feeling)


watermeloen

watermeloen f (plural watermeloenen, diminutive watermeloentje n)

watermeloenen (plural)
watermeloentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: waatlemoen

Negerhollands: watumelån

→ Aukan: wataamun

→ Caribbean Hindustani: wátrámun


gewricht

gewricht n (plural gewrichten, diminutive gewrichtje n)

gewrichten (plural)
gewrichtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gewrig

→ Papiamentu: gewricht (dated)

→ West Frisian: gewricht

joint (part of the body where bones join)


bajonet

bajonet f (plural bajonetten, diminutive bajonetje n)

bajonetten (plural)
bajonetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: bayonet

De infanteristen hielden hun bajonetten klaar.

The infantrymen kept their bayonets ready.

bayonet (stabbing weapon attached on a fire-arm)


nasaal

Borrowed from French nasal, from Latin nasālis.


heli

heli m (plural heli's, diminutive helietje n)

heli's (plural)
helietje (diminutive neuter)


achterwerk

achterwerk n (plural achterwerken, diminutive achterwerkje n)

achterwerken (plural)
achterwerkje (diminutive neuter)

(fashion, obsolete, often diminutive) decorative lacework


stokvis

stokvis m (plural stokvissen, diminutive stokvisje n)

stokvissen (plural)
stokvisje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: stokvis

→ Papiamentu: stokvis (dated)

From Middle Dutch stocvisch, from Middle Low German [Term?]. Equivalent to stok + vis.


geweten

geweten n (plural gewetens, diminutive gewetentje n)

gewetens (plural)
gewetentje (diminutive neuter)

16th century, calque of German Gewissen, in part through Middle Low German gewēten. Further from Middle High German gewizzen, from Old High German gewizzanī, a calque of Latin conscientia, itself a calque of Ancient Greek συνείδησις (suneídēsis). Equivalent to ge- + weten (“to know”).


zeester

zeester f (plural zeesterren, diminutive zeesterretje n)

zeesterren (plural)
zeesterretje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of zee (“sea”) + ster (“star”).

a starfish, echinoderm of the class Asteroidea


classificatie

classificatie f (plural classificaties, diminutive classificatietje n)

classificaties (plural)
classificatietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: klasifikasi

the act of classification, forming into (functional or theoretical) classes

classification, a categorisation into class; the result of the above


zakkenroller

zakkenroller m (plural zakkenrollers, diminutive zakkenrollertje n, feminine zakkenrolster)

zakkenrollers (plural)
zakkenrollertje (diminutive neuter)
zakkenrolster (feminine)

Afrikaans: sakkeroller

From zakkenrollen + -er or from zak + -en- + roller (“pickpocket”).


claustrofobie

claustrofobie f (plural claustrofobieën, diminutive claustrofobietje n)

claustrofobieën (plural)
claustrofobietje (diminutive neuter)
claustrophobie (alternative dated)

Borrowed from French claustrophobie. Formed from Latin claustrum (“a shut in place”), from claudere (“to close”) + Ancient Greek φόβος (phóbos, “fear”).


ovaal

ovaal n (plural ovalen, diminutive ovaaltje n)

ovalen (plural)
ovaaltje (diminutive neuter)

(geometry) oval, shape like an egg or ellipse


broodrooster

broodrooster m or n (plural broodroosters, diminutive broodroostertje n)

broodroosters (plural)
broodroostertje (diminutive neuter)

From brood (“bread”) + rooster (“grill”).


kwast

kwast m (plural kwasten, diminutive kwastje n)

kwasten (plural)
kwastje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kwas

→ Aukan: kwasi

→ Indonesian: kuas

→ Papiamentu: kuashi, kwasji, kwassi (from the diminutive), kwastje (dated)

→ Sranan Tongo: kwasi

→ Caribbean Hindustani: kwási

→ Kari'na: kuwasi

From Middle Dutch quast, from Old Dutch *kwast, from Proto-Germanic *kwastuz.


kwast

Afrikaans: kwas

→ Indonesian: kuas

Op deze bloedhete dag was het heerlijk eens kwast te drinken.

It was wonderful to drink lemonade for a change on this sweltering day.

(Netherlands) lemonade or another citrus-based beverage; a drink made of lemon juice, water and optionally sugar (can denote both cold and hot drinks)


staljongen

staljongen m (plural staljongens, diminutive staljongetje n, feminine stalmeid)

staljongens (plural)
staljongetje (diminutive neuter)
stalmeid (feminine)

stableboy, boy or junior employee working in a stable


kerstman

kerstman m (plural kerstmannen, diminutive kerstmannetje n)

kerstmannen (plural)
kerstmannetje (diminutive neuter)


bobslee

bobslee f (plural bobsleeën, diminutive bobsleetje n)

bobsleeën (plural)
bobsleetje (diminutive neuter)

From bob + slee (“sled”), calque of English bobsleigh.

(winter sports) bobsleigh, bobsled, a sled used for the homonymous sport


objectief

objectief n (plural objectieven, diminutive objectiefje n)

objectieven (plural)
objectiefje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: objektif

objective, lens of microscope or binoculars closest to the object


vertrek

Afrikaans: vertrek


vertrek

vertrek n (plural vertrekken, diminutive vertrekje n)

vertrekken (plural)
vertrekje (diminutive neuter)


intelligentie

intelligentie f (plural intelligenties, diminutive intelligentietje n)

intelligenties (plural)
intelligentietje (diminutive neuter)

From Old French intelligence, from Latin intelligentia.


toespraak

toespraak f (plural toespraken, diminutive toespraakje n)

toespraken (plural)
toespraakje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: toespraak

From Middle Dutch toesprâke. Equivalent to a deverbal from toespreken; compare spraak.


fundamentalisme

fundamentalisme n (plural fundamentalismen, diminutive fundamentalismetje n)

fundamentalismen (plural)
fundamentalismetje (diminutive neuter)

fundamentalism (extremist view in religion)


abri

abri m (plural abri's, diminutive abrietje n)

abri's (plural)
abrietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Sranan Tongo: abri

Borrowed from French abri, derived from southern French abrier (“shelter (from wind)”). Ultimately from Latin aprīcārī (“keep warm”).

De bussen rijden niet en de abri's staan er voor spek en bonen bij.

There are no buses, so the bus shelters are just standing idle.

(cycling) protection from wind by a cyclist's or biker's wake


kust

kust f (plural kusten, diminutive kustje n)

kusten (plural)
kustje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kus

From Middle Dutch cost, from Old French coste, from Latin costa (“rib, side”), cognate with English coast, German Küste, French côte etc.

(obsolete, figuratively) a border, seem, edge, fringe etc.


kust

From Middle Dutch cust, from Old Dutch *kust, from Proto-Germanic *kustuz, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵéwstus. Equivalent to kiezen (“to choose”) + -t (“verbal noun”).


zeekust

nl-noun

zeekust f (plural zeekusten, diminutive zeekustje n)

zeekusten (plural)
zeekustje (diminutive neuter)


vloedgolf

vloedgolf m (plural vloedgolven, diminutive vloedgolfje n)

vloedgolven (plural)
vloedgolfje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of vloed (“flood; rising/high tide”) + golf (“wave”).

compound

(literally) a tidal wave, large and sudden rise and fall in the tide causing a massive flood of water

(figuratively) any flood, a crushing mass, an endless sequence


trommel

nl-noun

trommel f or m (plural trommels, diminutive trommeltje n)

trommels (plural)
trommeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: trommel

Berbice Creole Dutch: trombo

Petjo: tromol

→ Lokono: tromere

→ Aukan: toombo

→ Gilbertese: turuma, tiruma (via a Polynesian language)

→ Indonesian: tromol

→ Pukapukan: tuluma

→ Rakahanga-Manihiki: turuma

→ Sranan Tongo: tromu

→ Kari'na: tolonpulu

→ Tokelauan: tuluma

→ Tuvaluan: tuluma

From Middle Dutch trommel, which is either formed from trom + -el or a deverbal from trommelen. Ultimately of imitative origin.

onomatopoeic

imitative

percussion instrument
percussion instrument

(music) drum, a type of percussion instrument

(technology) drum, various, often cylindrically shaped objects or components


aminozuur

nl-noun

aminozuur n (plural aminozuren, diminutive aminozuurtje n)

aminozuren (plural)
aminozuurtje (diminutive neuter)


edelgas

Borrowed from German Edelgas. Equivalent to edel (“noble”) + gas.

noble gas (element of group 18 of the periodic table)


onnozelheid

onnozelheid f (plural onnozelheden, diminutive onnozelheidje n)

onnozelheden (plural)
onnozelheidje (diminutive neuter)


melaatsheid

melaatsheden (plural)
melaatschheid (alternative)

From Middle Dutch malaetscheit. Equivalent to melaats (“leprose”) + -heid (“-ity, -ness”).

suffix

Mycobacterium leprae
Mycobacterium leprae#Translingual

(pathology) skin disease; either leprosy (the infectious skin-disease caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae) or (historical) another disease historically conflated with leprosy


bioscoop

nl-noun

bioscoop m (plural bioscopen, diminutive bioscoopje n)

bioscopen (plural)
bioscoopje (diminutive neuter)
bios (alternative)

Afrikaans: bioskoop

→ Indonesian: bioskop

→ West Frisian: bioskoop

Borrowed from French bioscope and/or German Bioscop (now spelt Bioskop), a term used in the names of two early film projectors, developed by the Frenchman Georges Demenÿ and the German Max Skladanowsky, respectively. Compare English bioscope. Ultimately from Ancient Greek βίος (bíos, “bio-, life”) + σκοπέω (skopéō, “I look at”), thus roughly “watching life”. Equivalent to bio- + -scoop.

Een vereiste is dat er publiek is in de bioscoop, maar liefst geen volle zaal. Te veel publiek leidt af.

2011, Remco Campert, Mijn eenmanszaak, De Bezige Bij:

'Wat nou?' zegt Tom. 'Dat is heus niet alles, hoor. Ik wil het echt goed maken. Ik trakteer Sander op een bioscoopje.'

1999, Carry Slee, Kappen!, FMB uitgevers:

2013, Willem Brakman, Een winterreis, Querido, 5th edition (e-book) (1st edition 1961).
Wanneer Akijn zijn vader ging bezoeken, zorgde hij er meestal voorna het bezoek iets prettigs in het vooruitzicht te hebben: het bezoek aan een vriend, een wandeling of een bioscoopje.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(usually diminutive) a visit to the cinema; a film seen there

De heer Münch heeft films doen vervaardigen, waarop teekeningen zijn gereproduceerd om met de bioscoop verschillende onderwerpen, vooral op het gebied van de wiskunde, te verduidelijken.

1912, De Ingenieur, volume 27, N.V. A. Oosthoek, 289:

Hij had al veel gehoord over die bewegende toverlantaarn, die bioscoop werd genoemd en er zelfs een stuk in de krant over gelezen, maar gezien had hij het nog niet.

1949, Maurits Dekker, Het merkteken, Moussault, 130:

(obsolete) bioscope; motion-picture projector


plassen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


antilichaam

nl-noun

antilichaam n (plural antilichamen, diminutive antilichaampje n)

antilichamen (plural)
antilichaampje (diminutive neuter)

From anti- + lichaam, calque of German Antikörper.

(biochemistry) antibody, protein that binds to a specific antigen to counter it


tandenborstel

tandenborstel m (plural tandenborstels, diminutive tandenborsteltje n)

tandenborstels (plural)
tandenborsteltje (diminutive neuter)
tandborstel (alternative dated)


anemie

→ Indonesian: anemia

Borrowed from New Latin anaemia, from Ancient Greek ἀναιμία (anaimía).

(pathology) anemia, a medical condition with a decreased amount of hemoglobin, hindering oxygen transport


azijn

azijn m (plural azijnen, diminutive azijntje n)

azijnen (plural)
azijntje (diminutive neuter)
azijl (alternative East Flanders West)

Afrikaans: asyn

→ Northern Sotho: asene

→ Sotho: asene

→ Tswana: asêine

→ Xhosa: asine

Negerhollands: assin, azin, asien

→ Aukan: asin

→ Caribbean Hindustani: ásin

→ Caribbean Javanese: asèn

→ Ga: asin

→ Sranan Tongo: asin

From Middle Dutch aisine, aysijn, aysine, from Old French aisin, from Latin acetulum, from Latin acetum. Doublet of edik.


constructivisme

Perhaps borrowed. Equivalent to constructief + -isme.


autisme

autisme n (plural autismen, diminutive autismetje n)

autismen (plural)
autismetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: autisme

autism (syndrome on the autism spectrum)

(pathology, archaic) autism (type of schizophrenia)


marsepein

marsepein m (plural marsepeinen, diminutive marsepeintje n)

marsepeinen (plural)
marsepeintje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: marsepein, marsêpen

marzipan (sweet confection made of almond paste, sugar and egg white); a portion of it


gevel

gevel m (plural gevels, diminutive geveltje n)

gevels (plural)
geveltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gewel

→ Papiamentu: gevel, hevel (dated)

→ West Frisian: gevel

From Middle Dutch gevel, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Frankish *gebil, whence also Old High German gibil m (modern German Giebel) and gibilla f, meaning “gable”. Further cognates include Old Norse gafl (“gable”), Gothic 𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌻𐌰 (gibla, “pinnacle, summit”) and Middle High German gebel (“skull”) (from Old High German gebal (“head, cranium”)), from disparate but related Proto-Germanic forms.


apotheek

nl-noun

apotheek f (plural apotheken, diminutive apotheekje n)

apotheken (plural)
apotheekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: apteek

→ Indonesian: apotek

→ Papiamentu: apotheek (dated)

→ Sranan Tongo: apteiki
Aukan: aputeiki

From Middle Dutch apoteke, from Latin apothēca. Doublet of boetiek and bodega.

Je kunt je medicijnen ophalen bij de dichtstbijzijnde apotheek.

You can pick up your medications at the nearest pharmacy.

De apotheek is geopend tot 20.00 uur.

Ik moet naar de apotheek om mijn recept te laten vullen.

I need to go to the pharmacy to get my prescription filled.

pharmacy, apothecary (a place where prescription drugs may be dispensed by an authorized pharmacologist)


lijfwacht

lijfwacht m (plural lijfwachten, diminutive lijfwachtje n)

lijfwachten (plural)
lijfwachtje (diminutive neuter)


buurjongen

buurjongen m (plural buurjongens, diminutive buurjongetje n)

buurjongens (plural)
buurjongetje (diminutive neuter)


beschimping

beschimping f (plural beschimpingen, diminutive beschimpinkje n)

beschimpingen (plural)
beschimpinkje (diminutive neuter)


polygamie

From Latin polygamia, from Ancient Greek πολυγαμία (polugamía).


koelte

koelte f (plural koeltes, diminutive koeltje n)

koeltes (plural)
koeltje (diminutive neuter)
coelte (alternative obsolete)

Afrikaans: koelte

From Middle Dutch coelde. Equivalent to koel + -te.

(uncountable, literally) coolness, a cold, but not freezing temperature, possibly pleasant

Er stak een harde koelte op.

(countable, nautical) a breeze; any kind of wind

(uncountable, rare) cool, unshakable attitude


harmonie

harmonie f (plural harmonieën, diminutive harmonietje n)

harmonieën (plural)
harmonietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: harmoni

From Middle Dutch harmonia, armonie, from Old French harmonie, from Latin harmonia, from Ancient Greek ἁρμονία (harmonía).


onanie

→ Indonesian: onani

18th century. Ultimately from English onania or Latin onania.

(chiefly historical, chiefly uncountable) masturbation, onanism; usually referring to historical contexts where it's regarded as a dangerous pathology


zwam

zwam f or m (plural zwammen, diminutive zwammetje n)

zwammen (plural)
zwammetje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: swam

From Middle Dutch swam, from Old Dutch *swam, from Proto-Germanic *swammaz. Cognate with German Schwamm (“sponge”).

In eene verdieping in het midden van denzelven zyn, in een zoort van tappen, twee waschsponzen of zwammen aangebragt, waar door het te filtreerene water gaat.

1803, Lucas Oling, “Over de nieuw-uitgevondene filtreer-werktuigen.”, in Mengelwerk, page 444:


grootcommandeur

grootcommandeur m (plural grootcommandeurs, diminutive grootcommandeurtje n)

grootcommandeurs (plural)
grootcommandeurtje (diminutive neuter)

From groot (“big, grand”) + commandeur (“commander”).

compound

knight grand commander
knight grand commander

knight grand commander, a high rank in certain orders of knighthood


onregelmatigheid

nl-noun

onregelmatigheid f (plural onregelmatigheden, diminutive onregelmatigheidje n)

onregelmatigheden (plural)
onregelmatigheidje (diminutive neuter)

From onregelmatig (“irregular”) + -heid (“-ness, -ity”).


bekken

nl-noun

bekken n (plural bekkens, diminutive bekkentje n)

bekkens (plural)
bekkentje (diminutive neuter)

→ Lokono: bèkè ina

→ Aukan: beki

→ Sranan Tongo: beki

desc

→ Guyanese Creole English: bakee, bakie, baky

From Middle Dutch becken, from Vulgar Latin *baccinum. Doublet of bassin.

(geography) basin, geological depression

(music) cymbal, two-part metallic percussion instrument


bekken

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


bombardon

nl-noun

bombardon m (plural bombardons, diminutive bombardonnetje n)

bombardons (plural)
bombardonnetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French bombardon, from Italian bombardone.


rijzweep

rijzweep f (plural rijzwepen, diminutive rijzweepje n)

rijzwepen (plural)
rijzweepje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of rijden (“to ride”) + zweep (“whip”).


spitsroede

spitsroede f (plural spitsroeden, diminutive spitsroedetje n)

spitsroeden (plural)
spitsroedetje (diminutive neuter)


fuifnummer

fuifnummer n (plural fuifnummers, diminutive fuifnummertje n)

fuifnummers (plural)
fuifnummertje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of fuif (“party”) + nummer (“act; track, song; number, character”).


goesting

nl-noun

goesting f (plural goestingen, diminutive goestinkje n)

goestingen (plural)
goestinkje (diminutive neuter)


fuif

fuif f (plural fuiven, diminutive fuifje n)

fuiven (plural)
fuifje (diminutive neuter)

(Belgium) party, festive gathering as celebration (often named in compounds, e.g. kerstfuif for Christmas) or just for fun


buro

buro n (plural buro's, diminutive burootje n)

buro's (plural)
burootje (diminutive neuter)


leefloon

leefloon n (plural leeflonen, diminutive leefloontje n)

leeflonen (plural)
leefloontje (diminutive neuter)

From leven (“to live”) + loon (“pay, wage”).

Leefloon is een misleidende benaming omdat het geen loon is, leeflonen worden door de overheid vaak toegekend ongeacht gebrek aan beroepsactiviteit

Leefloon [minimal wage] is a misnomer because it isn't a wage, minimumlonen are often awarded by the authorities regardless of lack of professional activities

official term in Belgian law since 2002 for the former bestaansminimum, a minimal 'subsistence' income, guaranteed to all citizens and other legal residents, regardless of professional activity or history, meant as a bottom on poverty


naakte

Germanic, cognate with naked, German nackt

Onder de haveloze vluchtelingen waren zelfs enkele naakten.

Among the destitute refugees were even some nude ones.

De naakten kleden is één der werken van barmhartigheid.

Clothing the nude is one of the charitable acts.


lichtekooi

lichtekooi f (plural lichtekooien, diminutive lichtekooitje n)

lichtekooien (plural)
lichtekooitje (diminutive neuter)

prostitute, whore (woman who has paid sex)


amnestie

→ Indonesian: amnesti

Borrowed from Middle French amnestie, from Latin amnēstia, itself a borrowing from Ancient Greek ἀμνηστία (amnēstía).

amnesty (act in which pardon is granted)


eurocent

eurocent f (plural eurocenten, diminutive eurocentje n)

eurocenten (plural)
eurocentje (diminutive neuter)


galgenaas

/ˈɣɑl.ɣənˌaːs/

From galg (“gallow”) + aas (“bait, prey”).


klappen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


afrit

afrit m (plural afritten, diminutive afritje n)

afritten (plural)
afritje (diminutive neuter)

Deverbal from afrijden. Equivalent to af + rit.


trekking

trekking f (plural trekkingen, diminutive trekkinkje n)

trekkingen (plural)
trekkinkje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch treckinge. Equivalent to trekken (“to pull, draw”) + -ing (“-ing”).

suf

a draw, the act or event of drawing (especially by chance)


eetstokje

From eten (“to eat”) + stokje (“small stick”).


schoolvos

nl-noun

schoolvos m (plural schoolvossen, diminutive schoolvosje n)

schoolvossen (plural)
schoolvosje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: skoolvos

From school + vos, calque of German Schulfuchs.

(derogatory) a pedant, notably a teacher who loves finding and correcting faults; an unpleasant teacher

(sometimes derogatory) an experienced schoolteacher, who knows all the tricks of the trade


teems

teems f (plural teemsen, diminutive teemsje n)

teemsen (plural)
teemsje (diminutive neuter)

Inherited from Middle Dutch temse, from Old Dutch *temusa, from Frankish *tamisu.

(dated) a sieve made of horsehair or copper wire


ov

Bent u met de auto of met het ov?

Did you come by car or by public transport?


ov

ov's (plural)
ov'tje (diminutive neuter)
OV (alternative)


vossen

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.