lap

nl-noun

lap m (plural lappen, diminutive lapje n)

lappen (plural)
lapje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: lap

Negerhollands: lap

→ Caribbean Javanese: lap

→ Indonesian: lap

→ Papiamentu: lapi

From Middle Dutch lap, lappe, from Old Dutch lap, from Proto-Germanic *lappa-, *lappô (“rag, cloth”), of uncertain origin, possibly Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang loosely”). Cognate with German Lappen.


lap

Probably from Etymology 1 above, which dialectally meant "blow, strike", from which a semantic shift may have taken place to "stupidity". Or, possibly related leppen (“to lap up, drink sloppily or audibly”); the semantic shift would then be from "childlike" (as one who drinks sloppily) to "foolish".

(obsolete, except in compounds) a bloke, dude, bum; especially a drunk or objectionable one


lease

nl-noun

lease f (plural leases, diminutive leaseje n)

leases (plural)
leaseje (diminutive neuter)


lot

lot n (plural loten, diminutive lootje n or lotje n)

loten (plural)
lootje (diminutive neuter)
lotje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: loot, lot

→ Caribbean Javanese: lot

desctree

→ Indonesian: lot
→ Balinese: ᬮᭀᬢ᭄ (lot, “lottery”)

→ Papiamentu: lòt, lot

From Middle Dutch and Old Dutch lot, from Frankish *hlot, from Proto-Germanic *hlutą.

Hij geloofde sterk in het lot en dacht dat alles voorbestemd was.

He strongly believed in destiny and thought that everything was predetermined.

Het was haar lot om een belangrijke rol te spelen in het succes van het bedrijf.

It was her fate to play a significant role in the success of the company.

Ze accepteerde haar lot en ging verder met haar leven na de tegenslagen.

She accepted her lot and moved on with her life after the setbacks.

Hij kocht een lot voor de grote loterij die dat weekend zou plaatsvinden.

He bought a lottery ticket for the big lottery that would take place that weekend.

De winnaar van het grote geldbedrag was de gelukkige houder van het winnende lot.

The winner of the big cash prize was the lucky holder of the winning lottery ticket.

Ze kraste de verborgen cijfers op het lot om te zien of ze een prijs had gewonnen.

She scratched the hidden numbers on the lottery ticket to see if she had won a prize.

(archaic) lot, allotment (that which has been apportioned to a party)


marge

nl-noun

marge f (plural marges, diminutive margetje n)

marges (plural)
margetje (diminutive neuter)

Inherited from Middle Dutch marge, maerge, from Old French marge, from Latin margō.


migrant

migrant m (plural migranten, diminutive migrantje n, feminine migrante)

migranten (plural)
migrantje (diminutive neuter)
migrante (feminine)


triceps

Borrowed from Latin triceps (“three-headed”).


planner

planner, a notebook for keeping tasks and appointments


prise

prise f (plural prises or prisen, diminutive prieske n)

prises (plural)
prisen (plural)
prieske (diminutive neuter)

(Belgium) electrical outlet, wall socket


psalm

psalm m (plural psalmen, diminutive psalmpje n)

psalmen (plural)
psalmpje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: psalm, posallem

→ Indonesian: psalm


pugilist

pugilist m (plural pugilisten, feminine pugiliste)

pugilisten (plural)
pugiliste (feminine)


punk

(uncommon, music) a punk (member of the punk subculture, fan of punk rock)


rag

rag n (plural raggen, diminutive ragje n)

raggen (plural)
ragje (diminutive neuter)

Unknown, only found to be related to West Frisian reach, though possibly more distantly to Old Saxon raginna (“rough hair”), Old English ragu (“moss”).


rapper

rapper m (plural rappers, diminutive rappertje n)

rappers (plural)
rappertje (diminutive neuter)

From English rapper. By surface analysis, rappen + -er.


rave

rave m (plural raves, diminutive raveje n)

raves (plural)
raveje (diminutive neuter)

Kom je vanavond naar de rave in het bos?

Are you coming to the rave in the forest tonight?


ree

ree f or n (plural reeën, diminutive reetje n)

reeën (plural)
reetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ree

From Middle Dutch ree, from Old Dutch rēa, from Proto-West Germanic *raihō, from Proto-Germanic *raihô.

Capreolus capreolus
Capreolus capreolus#Translingual


ree

(now literary or dialectal) alternative form of rede (“anchorage”)


reef

reef f (plural reven, diminutive reefje n)

reven (plural)
reefje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch rīven, from Proto-West Germanic *rīfan.


reef

reef n (plural reven, diminutive reefje n)

alternative form of reef (shallows; strip of sail)


repertoire

repertoire m (plural repertoires, diminutive repertoiretje n)

repertoires (plural)
repertoiretje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: repertoar


reserve

reserve f (plural reserves, diminutive reservetje n)

reserves (plural)
reservetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: reserwe

→ Indonesian: reserve (“reserve”)

desctree

>? Javanese: ꦱꦺꦉꦥ꧀ (sèrep, “spare”)
Caribbean Javanese: sèrep
→ Indonesian: sèrêp (“spare”)

Borrowed from Middle French reserve, from Old French reserver.

reserve, emergency supply (that which is reserved, or kept back, as for future use)


route

nl-noun

route f (plural routes or routen, diminutive routetje n)

routes (plural)
routen (plural)
routetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: rute

Borrowed from Middle French route, from Old French route, from Latin rupta [via].

route, course, way (particular pathway or direction one travels)


server

server m (plural servers, diminutive servertje n)

servers (plural)
servertje (diminutive neuter)

(computing) server (a computer or software that provides services to other programs or users)


site

site m (plural sites, diminutive siteje n)

sites (plural)
siteje (diminutive neuter)


skate

skate m (plural skates, diminutive skateje n)

skates (plural)
skateje (diminutive neuter)

From English skate, back-formed from Dutch schaats.


slag

slag m (plural slagen, diminutive slagje n)

slagen (plural)
slagje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: slag

Negerhollands: slaa

From Middle Dutch slach, from Old Dutch slag, from Proto-West Germanic *slagi, from Proto-Germanic *slagiz.

Met een harde slag op de deur probeerde hij binnen te komen.

He tried to get in by hitting the door with a hard blow.

Een plotselinge slag op mijn hoofd deed me duizelig voelen.

A sudden blow to my head made me feel dizzy.

met de Franse slag

Hij zwom met een soepele slag door het water.

He swam with a smooth stroke through the water.

De zwemmer oefende verschillende slagen om zijn snelheid te verbeteren.

The swimmer practiced various swimming strokes to improve his speed.

a stroke, limb movement; a style of movement, notably style of swimming

Als je de knop nog één slag naar rechts draait, staat de machine goed ingesteld.

If you give the button one more turn to the right, the machine will be configured properly.

Zijn hart slaat met een regelmatige slag in een rustige cadans.

His heart beats with a regular pulse in a calm rhythm.

Hij gaf een stevige slag op de bal, waardoor deze ver weg vloog.

He delivered a powerful stroke to the ball, sending it far away.

De auto kreeg een flinke slag toen hij tegen de boom botste.

The car received a strong blow when it collided with the tree.

Op de laatste slag van de klok begon het vuurwerk.

The fireworks started on the last strike of the clock.

Het is nu acht uur, dat kun je horen aan de acht slagen van de klok.

It's eight o'clock now, you can hear it in the eight chimes of the clock.

a count, occurrence; the striking of a clock

Tijdens de oorlog vonden er hevige slagen plaats in de loopgraven.

Fierce battles took place in the trenches during the war.

De twee rivaliserende bendes kwamen in een gewelddadige slag terecht.

The two rival gangs engaged in a violent confrontation.

Hij gaf de bal een harde slag met de knuppel en raakte een homerun.

He gave the ball a powerful hit with the bat and hit a home run.

De tennisser gaf een perfecte slag en sloeg de bal recht over het net.

The tennis player executed a perfect stroke and hit the ball right over the net.


slag

slag n (plural slagen, diminutive slagje n)

a parcel, plot, premise (stretch of land)


span

span n (plural spannen, diminutive spannetje n)

spannen (plural)
spannetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: span

a span, a team (pair or larger team of draught animals)

a cart or instrument with a team of draught animals


span

span m or f (plural spannen, diminutive spannetje n)

spannen (plural)
spannetje (diminutive neuter)
spanne (alternative)

(dated) span (distance between extended thumb and little finger)

(dated) span (interval of space or time)


spurt

spurt m (plural spurts, diminutive spurtje n)

spurts (plural)
spurtje (diminutive neuter)

spurt (short sudden energetic effort), especially in running or cycling


stadium

stadium n (plural stadiums or stadia, diminutive stadiumpje n)

stadiums (plural)
stadia (plural)
stadiumpje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: stadium

Borrowed from Latin stadium (“a measure of length, commonly one-eighth of a Roman mile, furlong; a race course”), from Ancient Greek στάδιον (stádion, “a measure of length, a running track”), especially the track at Olympia, which was one stadium in length. The Greek word may literally mean "fixed standard of length" (from στάδιος (stádios, “firm, fixed”), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-.


stang

nl-noun

stang m (plural stangen, diminutive stangetje n)

stangen (plural)
stangetje (diminutive neuter)
steng (alternative)

→ Indonesian: sêtang

→ Polish: stenga

From Middle Dutch stanghe, from Old Dutch *stanga, from Proto-West Germanic *stangu, from Proto-Germanic *stangō.


steak

steak m (plural steaks, diminutive steakje n)

steaks (plural)
steakje (diminutive neuter)


surplus

surplus n (plural surplussen, diminutive surplusje n)

surplussen (plural)
surplusje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch surplus, from Middle French surplus.

a remaining quantity, notably stock excess


synecdoche

synecdoche f (plural synecdoches, diminutive synecdochetje n)

synecdoches (plural)
synecdochetje (diminutive neuter)

From Latin synecdoche, from Ancient Greek συνεκδοχή (sunekdokhḗ, “receiving together”).


tang

nl-noun

tang f (plural tangen, diminutive tangetje n)

tangen (plural)
tangetje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: tang

→ Indonesian: tang

From Middle Dutch tanghe, from Old Dutch tanga, from Proto-West Germanic *tangu, from Proto-Germanic *tangō.

(especially the diminutive) pincers, tweezers


tent

tent f (plural tenten, diminutive tentje n)

tenten (plural)
tentje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: tente

→ Sranan Tongo: tenti

→ Caribbean Javanese: thenthi

→ Lokono: tenti

From Middle Dutch tente, from Old French tente, from Vulgar Latin *tenta or *tenda.

tent (for camping, special occasions, etc.)

(informal, Dutch, often in compounds) a building, especially one used for commercial purposes; a joint


tint

tint c (plural tinten, diminutive tintje n)

tinten (plural)
tintje (diminutive neuter)

Alteration of earlier tinct, from Latin tinctus (“dyed”), past participle of verb tingō (“tinge”).


trapper

trapper m (plural trappers, diminutive trappertje n)

trappers (plural)
trappertje (diminutive neuter)


trend

trend f (plural trends, diminutive trendje n)

trends (plural)
trendje (diminutive neuter)


vedette

vedette c (plural vedettes or vedetten, diminutive vedettetje n)

vedettes (plural)
vedetten (plural)
vedettetje (diminutive neuter)


wane

(Suriname) a type of South American tree that produces hardwood, Sextonia rubra


edict

edict n (plural edicten, diminutive edictje n)

edicten (plural)
edictje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: edik

From Middle Dutch edict, from Latin ēdictum.


hexameter

Borrowed from Latin hexameter, from Ancient Greek ἑξάμετρος (hexámetros).

Wie ook deze discours snapt, zal weten dat mij slechts dactylisch hexameter vertrouwd is en niets anders, geef me toch vrijheid!

Who also understands this exposition, will know that only dactylic hexameter is familiar to me and nothing else, give me liberty!


cis

cis f (plural cissen, diminutive cisje n)

cissen (plural)
cisje (diminutive neuter)


tut

tut f (plural tutten, diminutive tutje n)

tutten (plural)
tutje (diminutive neuter)


vertaalwoordenboek

vertaalwoordenboek n (plural vertaalwoordenboeken, diminutive vertaalwoordenboekje n)

vertaalwoordenboeken (plural)
vertaalwoordenboekje (diminutive neuter)

From vertalen (“to translate”) + woordenboek (“dictionary”).

compound

translation dictionary
translation dictionary

translation dictionary; a dictionary that gives the translation for a given word in a given language


stalling

nl-noun

stalling f (plural stallingen, diminutive stallinkje n)

stallingen (plural)
stallinkje (diminutive neuter)

From stallen (“to park, put aside”) + -ing.

a place where gear can be stored, or where vehicles (especially bicycles) can be parked


vanille

Afrikaans: vanielje

Petjo: pernielie

Borrowed from French vanille, from Spanish vainilla.


babi

a Babist, a follower of Báb (Siyyid `Alí Muhammad Shírází) and Babism


babi

Ik ben altijd een groot voorstander geweest van het aran-vuurtje waar je dan zo gezellig naast zat te kipassen terwijl de stukjes babi aan het garen waren.

2003 May 5, E.d.u. S., “Tip: er zijn weer wijnstokken”, in nl.culinair (Usenet):

En niet te vergeten de kreukelzones en de opvouwbare stuurkolom, die tegenwoordig gemeengoed zijn, maar indertijd waren er geen kreukelzones en was de stuurkolom nog een stijve spies waaraan je geregen kon worden als babi of ajam aan een satéstokje.

2009 August 20, Johannes, “Wat is het nut van auto gordels i.c.m. airbags?”, in nl.auto (Usenet):

And do not forget the crumple zones and the collapsible steering column, that are commonplace today, but at the times there were no crumple zones and the steering column was still a rigid spear on which you could be impailed like pork or chicken on a satay skewer.

Omdat ze in China honden door de babi douwen,^([sic]) moeten we het dus hier ook doen?

2011 May 29, Claas Compaan, “Het willen verbieden van nertsenfokkerijen.”, in nl.politiek (Usenet):

So because they put dogs in their (Indo-Malay) pork,^([sic]) we should do the same? (based on the misconception that the dish is Chinese)


trip

trip m (plural trips, diminutive tripje n)

trips (plural)
tripje (diminutive neuter)

a trip, a short excursion, a vacation, travelling


epenthesis

From Latin epenthesis, from Ancient Greek ἐπένθεσις (epénthesis), from ἐπεντίθημι (epentíthēmi, “I insert”).

Vele Nederlandse woorden bevatten een epenthesis om twee zelfstandige naamwoorden te verbinden.

A lot of Dutch words contain an epenthesis to tie two nouns together.

alternative form of epenthese (chiefly used in older and translated texts)


motel

motel n (plural motels, diminutive motelletje n)

motels (plural)
motelletje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English motel. The gender and pronunciation were adapted to agree with hotel.


boring

boring f (plural boringen, diminutive borinkje n)

boringen (plural)
borinkje (diminutive neuter)

offshoreboring


aap

aap m (plural apen, diminutive aapje n, feminine apin)

apen (plural)
aapje (diminutive neuter)
apin (feminine)

Afrikaans: aap

From Middle Dutch āpe, from Old Dutch *apo, from Proto-West Germanic *apō, from Proto-Germanic *apô.

monkey, ape, simian; any member of the infraorder Simiiformes

(derogatory, often offensive) Term of abuse, presenting a person as not quite human on account of appearance, monkey business and so on.


apin

apin f (plural apinnen, diminutive apinnetje n, masculine aap)

apinnen (plural)
apinnetje (diminutive neuter)
aap (masculine)

From aap (“monkey, ape”) + -in (feminine suffix).


pil

nl-noun

pil f (plural pillen, diminutive pilletje n)

pillen (plural)
pilletje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: pil

→ Indonesian: pil

→ Papiamentu: pelchi, pilchi, peeltsji (from the diminutive)

→ Sranan Tongo: perki

→ Saramaccan: péiki

From Middle Dutch pille, from Medieval Latin pilla, from Latin pilula, diminutive of pila (“ball”).

a pill, a usually ball- or oval-shaped, coated portion of a drug to be taken orally

(with definite article: de pil) 'the' contraceptive pill

(metonymic) an expert in pill use:
a pharmacist

(metonymic) an expert in pill use:
an MD

(metonymic) an expert in pill use:
(military) a med student


pil

pil f (plural pillen, diminutive pilleke n)

pillen (plural)
pilleke (diminutive neuter)


burger

burger m (plural burgers, diminutive burgertje n, feminine burgeres)

burgers (plural)
burgertje (diminutive neuter)
burgeres (feminine)

Afrikaans: burger

Negerhollands: borger

→ Papiamentu: birger (dated)

→ Sranan Tongo: borgu

From Middle Dutch burger, borger, from Old Dutch burgeri. By surface analysis, burg + -er.

Daarom zei hij tegen de burgers van Pnuël: […]

1988, Het Boek, International Bible Society, Richteren 8:9

So he said to the citizens of Penuel: […]

middle-class or bourgeois person, burgher


burger

burger m (plural burgers, diminutive burgertje n)

burgers (plural)
burgertje (diminutive neuter)

From hamburger or directly borrowed from English burger, both from English hamburger, from the German city Hamburg, from the name of a fortress in the area, Hammaburg. Related to etymology 1.

a burger; a hamburger or similar type of fast food, typically but not necessarily containing meat


begrip

begrip n (plural begrippen, diminutive begripje n)

begrippen (plural)
begripje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: begrip

From Middle Dutch begrip, from Old Dutch *bigrip. Formed based on begrijpen from the original nominative form of greep.

Ik heb geen begrip van wiskunde.

Dat gaat mijn begrip te boven.

Ze was vol begrip.

Verklaar dit begrip.

Die bakker is echt een begrip in deze plaats.

That bakery is an institution in this town.


eon

eon m or n (plural eonen, diminutive eoontje n or eonnetje n)

eonen (plural)
eoontje (diminutive neuter)
eonnetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin aeon, from Ancient Greek αἰών (aiṓn, “age”).


bonbon

bonbon m (plural bonbons, diminutive bonbonnetje n)

bonbons (plural)
bonbonnetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: bonbon

a praline, a small chocolate-covered candy/sweet


peloton

peloton n (plural pelotons, diminutive pelotonnetje n)

pelotons (plural)
pelotonnetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Hindustani: paltan

→ Indonesian: peleton

Borrowed from French peloton, derived in turn from pelote + -on.


stip

stip f or m (plural stippen, diminutive stipje n)

stippen (plural)
stipje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch stype, from Proto-Germanic *stīfa, from Proto-Indo-European *steyp- (“stiff, erect”), see also Latin stīpō, Latin stipulor, English stiff. Related to Proto-Germanic *stīfaz, the source of stijf (“stiff, rigid”).

der

Het symbool voor de Zon is een cirkel met een stip in het midden:

The symbol for the Sun is a circle with a dot in the middle:

ICH: a disease that affects (aquarium) fish Ichthyophthirius multifiliis


dunk

nl-noun

dunk m (uncountable, diminutive dunkje n)

Zij heeft geen hoge dunk van de nieuwe soep.

She doesn't have a positive opinion about the new soup.


dunk

dunk m (plural dunks, diminutive dunkje n)

dunks (plural)
dunkje (diminutive neuter)


maki

maki m (plural maki's, diminutive makietje n)

maki's (plural)
makietje (diminutive neuter)

lemur, lemurid (mammal from the family Lemuridae)


quiche

quiche f (plural quiches, diminutive quicheje n)

quiches (plural)
quicheje (diminutive neuter)

Unadapted borrowing from French quiche. Doublet of koek.


cryptogram

cryptogram n (plural cryptogrammen, diminutive cryptogrammetje n)

cryptogrammen (plural)
cryptogrammetje (diminutive neuter)

cryptic crossword (crossword puzzle with cryptic definitions)


holocaust

From Middle Dutch holocaust, from Latin holocaustum, from the neuter of Ancient Greek ὁλόκαυστος (holókaustos). The shift to masculine was influenced by Middle French holocauste. The meaning “genocide” derives from English holocaust.

(dated) holocaust (complete burnt offering)


camouflage

→ Indonesian: kamuflase

→ West Frisian: kamûflaazje

Unadapted borrowing from French camouflage.


BNP

bruto nationaal product
bruto nationaal product#Dutch

initialism of bruto nationaal product (“GNP”)


piccolo

nl-noun

piccolo m (plural piccolo's, diminutive piccolootje n)

piccolo's (plural)
piccolootje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Italian piccolo (“small”).


gladiator

gladiator m (plural gladiatoren or gladiators, diminutive gladiatortje n)

gladiatoren (plural)
gladiators (plural)
gladiatortje (diminutive neuter)

From Latin gladiātor, from gladius (“sword”).

gladiator; entertainer who engages in mortal combat


imperium

imperium n (plural imperia, diminutive imperiumpje n)

imperia (plural)
imperiumpje (diminutive neuter)


cookie

cookie n (plural cookies, diminutive cookietje n)

cookies (plural)
cookietje (diminutive neuter)

From English cookie, in turn from Dutch koekje, of which it is a doublet.


git

git n or f (plural gitten, diminutive gitje n)

gitten (plural)
gitje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch git, get, from Latin gagātēs (likely by way of Old French get, jaiet), from Ancient Greek γαγᾱ́της (gagā́tēs), possibly from Γάγας (Gágas, “a town and river in Lycia”). Doublet of gagaat.

(neuter) jet (black, gemstone-like geological material)

(masculine) a stone made of this material


donut

donut m (plural donuts, diminutive donutje n)

donuts (plural)
donutje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English donut, from older doughnut.

De Amerikaanse veteraan was nog steeds verbolgen over de donuts van het Rode Kruis.

The American veteran was still enraged about the donuts of the Red Cross.


tip

tip m (plural tippen, diminutive tipje n)

tippen (plural)
tipje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch tip, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *tuppijô, *tuppijǭ (“tip”), a diminutive of *tuppaz.


tip

tip, small amount of money left for a waiter, taxi driver, etc. as a token of appreciation


nova

nova f (plural novae or nova's, diminutive novaatje n)

novae (plural)
nova's (plural)
novaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin nova, from nova stella, stella nova.


nova

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


supernova

nl-noun

supernova f (plural supernovae or supernova's, diminutive supernovaatje n)

supernovae (plural)
supernova's (plural)
supernovaatje (diminutive neuter)

Probably borrowed from English supernova or German Supernova. Equivalent to super- + nova.


banger

banger m (plural bangers, diminutive bangertje n)

bangers (plural)
bangertje (diminutive neuter)

Zijn laatste single is wel echt een bangertje.

(informal) banger (energetic, high-quality song)


diagram

diagram n (plural diagrammen, diminutive diagrammetje n)

diagrammen (plural)
diagrammetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: diagram

Borrowed from French diagramme or English diagram, from Latin diagramma, from Ancient Greek διάγραμμα (diágramma).


patriarch

patriarch m (plural patriarchen, diminutive patriarchje n, feminine matriarch)

patriarchen (plural)
patriarchje (diminutive neuter)
matriarch (feminine)

Afrikaans: patriarg

From Middle Dutch patriarch, from Latin patriarcha, from Ancient Greek πατριάρχης (patriárkhēs).


matriarch

matriarch f (plural matriarchen, diminutive matriarchje n, masculine patriarch)

matriarchen (plural)
matriarchje (diminutive neuter)
patriarch (masculine)


kaf

→ Caribbean Javanese: kaf

From Middle Dutch caf, from Old Dutch *kaf, from Proto-West Germanic *kaf.


kaf

From Hebrew כָּף (kaf). Doublet of kappa.


mem

mem m (plural memmen, diminutive memmetje n)

memmen (plural)
memmetje (diminutive neuter)


mem

Coordinate term: heit

(colloquial, chiefly in the plural) breast


midwinter

From Middle Dutch middewinter, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic *midiwintru. Equivalent to mid- + winter.

Coordinate term: midzomer

Met midwinter vierden de oude culturen de terugkeer van het licht.

At midwinter, ancient cultures celebrated the return of the light.

Vele feesten zijn gebaseerd op de midwinter tradities.

Many festivals are based on midwinter traditions.

De zon staat op zijn laagste punt tijdens midwinter.

The sun is at its lowest point during midwinter.


pamper

pamper m (plural pampers, diminutive pampertje n)

pampers (plural)
pampertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: pamper

From English Pampers a genericized trademark brand of diapers, from English pamper.


staal

Afrikaans: staal
→ Xhosa: isitali

Negerhollands: staal

→ Papiamentu: stal, staal

From Middle Dutch stael, from Old Dutch stāl, from earlier *stahal, from Proto-Germanic *stahlą.
Cognate with German Stahl, Danish stål, Icelandic stál, English steel, West Frisian stiel.


staal

staal n (plural stalen, diminutive staaltje n)

stalen (plural)
staaltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: staal

From Middle Dutch stael, from Old French estal, from Frankish *stalō, *stalu, from Proto-Germanic *staluz (“post, rod, staff; trunk, stump, tail”). See also steel.

der

staal zonder waarde


koolstof

Afrikaans: koolstof

→ Indonesian: zat arang (calque)

→ Japanese: 炭素 (calque)

→ West Frisian: koalstof

From kool (“coal”) + stof (“stuff, substance”), calque of German Kohlenstoff.


siroop

nl-noun

siroop f (plural siropen, diminutive siroopje n)

siropen (plural)
siroopje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: surop

→ Virgin Islands Creole: seropi (dated)

→ Indonesian: sirop, sirup

→ Japanese: シロップ (shiroppu)

From Middle Dutch siroop, from Old French sirop, from Medieval Latin siruppus, syrupus, from Arabic شَرَاب (šarāb, “a drink, beverage, wine, coffee, syrup”), from شَرِبَ (šariba, “to drink”). Related to sorbet, sherbet.
Compare French sirop, Italian siroppo, Spanish jarabe, jarope, Portuguese xarope.

der

a soft drink made from a fruit-based concentrate diluted with water; squash

the concentrate from which said soft drink is made


suiker

nl-noun

suiker m (plural suikers, diminutive suikertje n)

suikers (plural)
suikertje (diminutive neuter)
zuiker (alternative)

desctree

Afrikaans: suiker
→ Sotho: tswekere
→ Xhosa: iswekile
→ Venda: swigiri

Berbice Creole Dutch: sikri

Negerhollands: sukker, schukker, suku

→ Virgin Islands Creole: suku, sukut (dated)

Skepi Creole Dutch: sukuru

→ Aukan: sukuu

→ Munsee: shóokal

→ Papiamentu: panseiku

→ Saramaccan: súki

→ Sranan Tongo: sukru, suiker

→ Lokono: shikarho

→ Caribbean Hindustani: sukru

→ Kari'na: sukuru, sukulu

→ Unami: shukël (or from English)

From Middle Dutch suicker, suker, a borrowing from Old French çucre (circa 13th cent), from Old Italian zucchero, from Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar), from Persian شکر (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar", originally "grit, gravel”). Akin to Ancient Greek κρόκη (krókē, “pebble”).


voedsel

Afrikaans: voedsel

From Middle Dutch voetsel. By surface analysis, voeden + -sel.

Er is voldoende voedsel voor iedereen op het feest.

There is enough food for everyone at the party.

Groenten en fruit zijn gezond voedsel.

Ze doneren voedsel aan het lokale opvangcentrum.


organisme

nl-noun

organisme n (plural organismen or organismes, diminutive organismetje n)

organismen (plural)
organismes (plural)
organismetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: organisme


qat

khat, a psychoactive stimulant obtained from the plant Catha edulis


kat

kat f (plural katten, diminutive katje n, masculine kater or mannetjeskat)

katten (plural)
katje (diminutive neuter)
kater (masculine)
mannetjeskat (masculine)

desctree

Afrikaans: kat
→ Xhosa: ikati
→ Zulu: ikati

Jersey Dutch: kāt

Negerhollands: katje (from the Dutch diminutive)

Skepi Creole Dutch: kat

Inherited from Middle Dutch catte, from Old Dutch katta, *catta, from Proto-West Germanic *kattā, from Latin catta, feminine of cattus.

als de kat van huis is, dansen de muizen op tafel

Felis silvestris catus
Felis silvestris catus#Translingual

domestic cat, pussy, Felis silvestris catus

(historical) cat, tortoise (a wheeled gallery offering protection to approaching besiegers; a medieval siege weapon)

(military) cavalier (a raised firing platform)


partner

nl-noun

partner m (plural partners, diminutive partnertje n)

partners (plural)
partnertje (diminutive neuter)

Mijn partner en ik zijn al tien jaar samen.

My partner and I have been together for ten years.

Ze zocht naar een geschikte partner om mee te settelen.

She was looking for a suitable love interest to settle down with.

partner, love interest, romantic and/or sexual companion

In zaken is het belangrijk om een betrouwbare partner te hebben.

In business, it's important to have a reliable partner.

Hij werd mijn partnertje in ons kleine startup-avontuur.

He became my little business companion in our small startup adventure.

partner, companion (someone whom one engages in business)


rebbe

an Ashkenazi rabbi, in particular a Chasidic one; rebbe


reservoir

reservoir n (plural reservoirs, diminutive reservoirtje n)

reservoirs (plural)
reservoirtje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: rêsérvoir


gat

gat n (plural gaten, diminutive gaatje n)

gaten (plural)
gaatje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gat

Afrikaans: gat

Berbice Creole Dutch: gati

Jersey Dutch: xjât, hât

Negerhollands: gat, gad

From Middle Dutch gat, from Old Dutch *gat, from Proto-West Germanic *gat, from Proto-Germanic *gatą. Doublet of gate.

Het kind viel door een gat in de omheining.

The child fell through a gap in the fence.

Er zit een groot gat in de muur na het verwijderen van het schilderij.

There is a big hole in the wall after removing the painting.

Het lek in het dak veroorzaakte een gat waar het water naar binnen stroomde.

The leak in the roof caused a gap where the water flowed in.


gat

gat n or m (plural gatten or gaten, diminutive gatje n or gaatje n)

gatten (plural)
gaten (plural)
gatje (diminutive neuter)
gaatje (diminutive neuter)

Dan vat hij het klein jongske van de grond en zet het op zijn gatje op het grote paard.

"Het regent" (nursery rhyme). Het regent, het regent, / de pannetjes worden nat. / Er kwamen twee soldaatjes aan, / die vielen op hun gat. It's raining, it's raining, / the roof tiles are getting wet. / Two soldiers were coming near, / who fell on their buttocks. 1931, Antoon Coolen, De goede moordenaar

Then he picks up the little boy from the ground and puts him on his ass on the big horse.

(by extension, informal) the buttocks, butt, bum, rear-end, bottom of a person or animal


pension

pension n (plural pensions, diminutive pensionnetje n)

pensions (plural)
pensionnetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: pènsiun

Borrowed from French pension, itself from Latin pensio (“payment, rent”), from pensus, the past participle of pendere (“to weigh, pay”).

a regularly made payment, as admission to certain boarding establishments

the services such establishment provides, notably lodging and some meals


pederast

pederast m (plural pederasten, diminutive pederastje n)

pederasten (plural)
pederastje (diminutive neuter)

From Ancient Greek παιδεραστής (paiderastḗs).


leren

From Middle Dutch leren, from Old Dutch lēren, from Proto-West Germanic *laiʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *laizijaną.


horen

horen m (plural horens, diminutive horentje n)

horens (plural)
horentje (diminutive neuter)


proeven

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


spelen

an organised series of athletic or other entertaining competitive events, such as the Olympics or varied gladiatorial fights


shift

nl-noun

shift m (plural shifts, diminutive shiftje n)

shifts (plural)
shiftje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Javanese: syif


bouillon

bouillon m (plural bouillons, diminutive bouillonnetje n)

bouillons (plural)
bouillonnetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Sranan Tongo: bulyon

stock, broth (water in which meat (or other food) has been boiled)

(dated) bullion, fringe of gold or silver wire


shampoo

shampoo m (plural shampoos, diminutive shampootje n)

shampoos (plural)
shampootje (diminutive neuter)

→ Acehnese: sampô

→ Indonesian: sampo

Borrowed from English shampoo, from Hindi चाँपो (cā̃po). In this instance, ⟨-oo⟩ is pronounced as /oː/ instead of /u/, and it is possibly a spelling pronunciation.


surfboard

surfboards (plural)
surfbord (alternative)


specie

mortar (in sense of mixture of lime or cement, sand and water)


gamba

gamba f (plural gamba's, diminutive gambaatje n)

gamba's (plural)
gambaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Italian viola da gamba, from gamba (“leg”).


gamba

Borrowed from Catalan gamba, Portuguese gamba or French gamba.


dentist

dentist m (plural dentisten, diminutive dentistje n, feminine dentiste)

dentisten (plural)
dentistje (diminutive neuter)
dentiste (feminine)


mores

Borrowed from Latin mōrēs (“customs, rules”).


item

item n (plural items, diminutive itempje n)

items (plural)
itempje (diminutive neuter)

Tijdens de vergadering was de recente wateroverlast een van de belangrijkste items.

During the meeting, the recent flooding was one of the most important items.

Ieder item heeft een QR-code die de klant informatie geeft over de fabriek, kostprijs en marges.

Each item has a QR code that gives the customer information about the factory, cost price and margins.


permanent

permanent m (plural permanenten, diminutive permanentje n)

permanenten (plural)
permanentje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French permanent, from Latin permanēns. The noun is a shortening of permanent hairwave, which was borrowed from English permanent hairwave, and may have been influenced by or borrowed from American English permanent.

1932 February 6, "Nieuwe kapperszaak", Het Vaderland, vol. 63, evening edition, part 1, page 2.
In elk kamertje is een keurige kaptafel met de bijbehoorende ingrediënten, knusse hoekjes, echt uitnoodigend tot een genoegelijk permanentje of watergolfje.

In each cubicle there is a proper hairdressing table with the concomitant ingredients, cozy corners, really inviting for a perm or a setting hairstyle.

1937, H. Kuyper-van Oordt, "Jonker Costijn", in Het heerlijk ambacht, G. F. Callenbach (publ., 6th. print), page 121.
Wat een lichte jurken, en lichte zomermantels, en permanentjes en nette beenen.

Such light dresses, and light summer coats, and perms and tidy legs.

(chiefly diminutive) perm, permanent, permanent wave


boson

boson n (plural bosonen, diminutive bosonnetje n)

bosonen (plural)
bosonnetje (diminutive neuter)


fermion

From Enrico Fermi (Italian-American physicist) + -on.


lepton

From Ancient Greek λεπτόν (leptón), neuter form of λεπτός (leptós, “small”).


graviton

graviton n (plural gravitonen, diminutive gravitonnetje n)

gravitonen (plural)
gravitonnetje (diminutive neuter)

(physics) graviton (hypothetical force-carrying particle)


evening

(obsolete) levelling, equalisation, act or process of making or becoming even or equal


dobber

dobber m (plural dobbers, diminutive dobbertje n)

dobbers (plural)
dobbertje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch dobber, of unclear further origin.

float (buoyant device used when fishing)


hedonist

Borrowed internationalism, probably from French, English or German; ultimately from Ancient Greek ἡδονή (hēdonḗ, “pleasure”) + -ist.

der

hedonist, adept and/or practitioner of hedonism, either the pursuit of pleasure or philosophical hedonism


etymon

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek ἔτυμον (étumon) or Latin etymon.

lbor

1710, Lambert ten Kate, Gemeenschap tussen de Gottische spraeke en de Nederduytsche, publ. by Jan Rieuwertszoon, page 20.
Deze kennisse van 't Gottische baent ons eenen weg om het Etymon van vele onzer woorden te ontdekken, dat buyten dit behulp onnavorschelyk zoude zyn.

This knowledge of Gothic makes a way for us to discover the etymon of many of our words, that would be inscrutable without this aid.


ketchup

nl-noun

ketchup m (plural ketchups, diminutive ketchupje n)

ketchups (plural)
ketchupje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English ketchup, from Malay kicap, from Hokkien 膎汁 (kê-chiap). Doublet of ketjap.


jury

jury f (plural jury's, diminutive jury'tje n)

jury's (plural)
jury'tje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English jury or French jury (itself from English), from Middle English jure, from Anglo-Norman juree, from Medieval Latin iūrāta. If the Dutch term was not directly borrowed from French, the pronunciation has been secondarily influenced by the French pronunciation.


illusionist

illusionist m (plural illusionisten, feminine illusioniste)

illusionisten (plural)
illusioniste (feminine)


equivalent

equivalenten (plural)
aequivalentie (alternative)

→ Indonesian: ekuivalen, ekuivalensi

Borrowed from Middle French équivalent, from Latin aequivalēns.


mud

mud n (plural mudden, diminutive mudje n or muddeken n)

mudden (plural)
mudje (diminutive neuter)
muddeken (diminutive neuter)
mudde (alternative)

Afrikaans: mud

From Middle Dutch mudde, from Latin modius (“bushel”).

Een mud is zo'n 70 kilo aardappelen

an old measure of volume, varying in content over time and regions; nowadays usually 1 hectoliter

a wooden container having such content; again used as measure for bulk wares sold in it, such as cereals

a land measure, presumably supposedly the area sown with that much seed

a small measure for liquids, about 1 deciliter


diagnose

diagnose f (plural diagnoses or diagnosen, diminutive diagnosetje n)

diagnoses (plural)
diagnosen (plural)
diagnosetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: diagnosa, diagnose

Borrowed from French diagnose. Ultimately from Latin diagnōsis, from Ancient Greek διάγνωσις (diágnōsis), from διαγιγνώσκω (diagignṓskō, “to discern”), from διά (diá, “through”) + γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “to know”).


firma

firma f (plural firma's, diminutive firmaatje n)

firma's (plural)
firmaatje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: firma


rebel

rebel m (plural rebellen, diminutive rebelletje n)

rebellen (plural)
rebelletje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch rebel, from Old French rebelle, from Latin rebellis (“waging war again; insurgent”), from rebellō (“I wage war again, fight back”), from re- (“again, back”) + bellō (“I wage war”).


prompt

Borrowed from English prompt, from Middle French prompt, from Latin prōmptus.


wake-up call

Dit essay gaat over wederkerig risicomanagement en de vormgeving van de arbeidsrelatie in Nederland in de komende jaren. (..) Dit essay is vooral bedoeld als wake-up call.

2007, Gerhardus Hermanus Maria Evers, De toekomst van de arbeidsrelatie, Uitgeverij Van Gorcum, →ISBN, page 3:

Maar als supporter van Arsenal, de Spurs, of Liverpool, terwijl je je al half begon af te vragen of je team een kans maakte kampioen te worden, met de wind in de zeilen en weinig blessures, dan was dit een wake-up call.

2012, Nick Hornby, Bidden: aantekeningen bij het voetbalseizoen 2011/2012, Bruna Uitgevers B.V., →ISBN, page 12:

Iedere dag zit ze tot diep in de nacht werk na te kijken, met haar auto eenzaam alleen op de parkeerplaats. Dit Wegenwacht moment is een wake-up call. Ze verwaarloost haar eigen leven, in dit geval de condities van de auto.

2013, Maud Oortwijn, Dag Licht, Lulu.com, →ISBN, page 9:

an alert, reminder, or call to action caused by a dramatic event


poli

→ Indonesian: poli


module

modulen (plural)
modules (plural)
moduul (alternative)

→ Indonesian: modul

Borrowed from French module. Doublet of modulus and mal.


jungle

nl-noun

jungle m (plural jungles, diminutive jungletje n)

jungles (plural)
jungletje (diminutive neuter)

Petjo: djangel, djungel

Borrowed from English jungle, from Hindi जंगल (jaṅgal) and Urdu جنگل (jangal), from Sanskrit जङ्गल (jaṅgala, “arid, sterile, desert”).

der

Het eerste gevecht was een aanval op een detachement door vele duizenden der Burmesen, in den mond van een jungle, waerdoor zy gedekt waren.

1825 January 8, “Uittreksels van Amerikaansche nieuwspapieren”, in De Curaçaosche Courant, volume XIII, number 1, page 2:

The first battle was an attack on a detachment by many thousands of the Burmese, in the mouth of a jungle, which covered them.


SUV

nl-noun

SUV m (plural SUV's, diminutive SUV'tje n)

SUV's (plural)
SUV'tje (diminutive neuter)


harakiri

harakiri's (plural)
hara-kiri (alternative archaic)


placemat

placemat m (plural placemats, diminutive placematje n)

placemats (plural)
placematje (diminutive neuter)


dood

Afrikaans: dood

Berbice Creole Dutch: doti

Negerhollands: dood, dod, doot

Skepi Creole Dutch: dut, doot

From Middle Dutch dôot, doet, from Old Dutch dōth, dōt, from Proto-West Germanic *dauþu, from Proto-Germanic *dauþuz. Compare West Frisian dead, German Tod, English death, Danish død.


interim

interim n (plural interims, diminutive interimmetje n)

interims (plural)
interimmetje (diminutive neuter)

Tijdens het interim was er veel onduidelijkheid.

There was much uncertainty during the interim.


interim

interim m (plural interims, diminutive interimmetje n)

De interim heeft overal een potje van gemaakt.

The temporary replacement has messed everything up.

Someone temporarily performing a given task (replacing someone else for whom a definite successor has not yet been found).


atelier

atelier n (plural ateliers, diminutive ateliertje n)

ateliers (plural)
ateliertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ateljee

→ Indonesian: atelir

→ Japanese: アトリエ

Unadapted borrowing from French atelier.

workshop, studio; in particular in relation to artistic activities, the production of clothing or engineering


acteur

acteur m (plural acteurs, diminutive acteurtje n, feminine actrice)

acteurs (plural)
acteurtje (diminutive neuter)
actrice (feminine)

Afrikaans: akteur

→ Indonesian: aktor

Borrowed from Middle French acteur. Doublet of actor.

actor (person who performs in a theatrical play or film)


mille

Borrowed from French mille (“thousand”), from Latin mīlle.

grand (sum of the value of 1,000 monetary units)


instinct

→ Indonesian: insting

Borrowed from French instinct, from Latin īnstīnctus.

instinct (innate response, impulse or behaviour)


wang

wang f (plural wangen, diminutive wangetje n)

wangen (plural)
wangetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: wang

From Middle Dutch wange, from Old Dutch *wanga, from Proto-West Germanic *wangā, from Proto-Germanic *wangô (“cheek”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenǵ- (“neck, cheek”).


coterie

nl-noun

coterie f (plural coteries or coterieën, diminutive coterietje n)

coteries (plural)
coterieën (plural)
coterietje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French coterie, from Medieval Latin coteria.

coterie, clique (exclusive circle of associates)


adolescent

adolescent m or f (plural adolescenten, diminutive adolescentje n)

adolescenten (plural)
adolescentje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: adolesen

Borrowed from French adolescent, from Latin adolēscēns.


torpedo

torpedo f or m (plural torpedo's, diminutive torpedootje n)

torpedo's (plural)
torpedootje (diminutive neuter)

From Latin torpēdō (“a torpedo fish”), from torpēdō (“numbness, torpidity, electric ray”), from torpeō (“I am stiff, numb, torpid; I am astounded; I am inactive”) and -dō (“noun suffix”), from Proto-Indo-European *ster- (“stiff”), see also Old English steorfan (“to die”), Ancient Greek στερεός (stereós, “solid”), Lithuanian tirpstu (“to become rigid”), Old Church Slavonic трупети (trupeti).

a torpedo (projectile adapted for underwater use)


gorilla

gorilla m (plural gorilla's, diminutive gorillaatje n)

gorilla's (plural)
gorillaatje (diminutive neuter)


piranha

piranha c (plural piranha's, diminutive piranhaatje n)

piranha's (plural)
piranhaatje (diminutive neuter)


seks

Borrowed from English sex (“sexual union, sexual activity”). The older spelling is Dutch sex.


apartheid

nl-noun

apartheid f (plural apartheden, diminutive apartheidje n)

apartheden (plural)
apartheidje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: apartheid

From apart (“separate, apart”) + -heid (“-hood”).

affix

the state of being separate; separateness

a characteristic that sets something or someone apart


apartheid

Borrowed from Afrikaans apartheid, from Dutch apartheid.

the policy of racial segregation used in South Africa from 1948 to 1990; apartheid

In januari 1972 komt een subsidieaanvraag binnen van het Angola Comité voor een boycotactie van koffie afkomstig uit Angola. Het land is in die tijd een provincie van Portugal, dat hardnekkig weigert de voormalige kolonie op te geven. De actie is tegen kolonialisme, rassendiscriminatie en apartheid.

2007 December 13, “Prins Claus en de NCO”, in Andere Tijden: VPRO:

(by extension) any similar policy of racial segregation


genie

nl-noun

genie n (plural genieën, diminutive genietje n)

genieën (plural)
genietje (diminutive neuter)

(countable) a genius, exceptionally gifted person


genie

→ Indonesian: zeni

>? Javanese: ꦱꦼꦤꦶ (seni)

>? Malay: seni
Indonesian: sêni


autrice

autrice f (plural autrices, diminutive autricetje n)

autrices (plural)
autricetje (diminutive neuter)

De op het oogenblik meest gelezen Engelsche schrijfster Virginia Woolf, autrice van den roman „de Vrouw van vijftig jaar" heeft een geschrift gepubliceerd naar aanleiding van een kort bezoek aan een Engelsche universiteitstad — zij noemt deze Oxbridge — en waarin zij een vergelijk maakt tusschen het weeldeleven der mannelijke studenten en de vaak armelijke omgeving waarin de vrouwelijke studenten leven.

1930, “De dichteres op het dakkamertje: waarom zijn de vrouwen onproductief?”, in Nieuwe Apeldoornsche courant:

Today’s most widely read English writer, Virginia Woolf, author of the novel The Woman of Fifty Years, published a paper on the occasion of a brief visit to an English college town—she calls it Oxbridge—in which she writes a comparison between the luxurious life of male students and the often poor environment in which female students live.


jeans

jeans f (plural jeans, diminutive jeansje n)

jeans (plural)
jeansje (diminutive neuter)
jean (alternative obsolete)


variant

variant m (plural varianten, diminutive variantje n)

varianten (plural)
variantje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: varian

Borrowed from French variant or variante, from Latin variāns.


putsch

putschen (plural)
Putsch (alternative dated)


flask

flask f (plural flasken, diminutive flaskje n)

flasken (plural)
flaskje (diminutive neuter)

From French flasque (“flask”). Doublet with (native) fles (“bottle”), (through French) flacon (“flagon”) and (through Italian) fiasco (“fiasco”).


plunder

plunder c (plural plunders, diminutive plundertje n)

plunders (plural)
plundertje (diminutive neuter)
plonder (alternative obsolete)

From Middle Dutch plunder, further etymology unknown. See the verb plunderen.

unk

unknown

one's property, (collective) possessions

notably furniture and other (mainly small) home inventory


staatsgreep

nl-noun

staatsgreep m (plural staatsgrepen, diminutive staatsgreepje n)

staatsgrepen (plural)
staatsgreepje (diminutive neuter)

From staat (“state”) + greep (“grabbing, seizure”).


lading

nl-noun

lading f (plural ladingen, diminutive ladinkje n)

ladingen (plural)
ladinkje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: lai

Negerhollands: ladiṅ

→ Indonesian: lading

→ Aukan: lai

→ Saramaccan: lái

Sranan Tongo: lai

→ Caribbean Javanese: lai


lade

lade f (plural laden or lades, diminutive ladetje n)

laden (plural)
lades (plural)
ladetje (diminutive neuter)


manuscript

manuscript n (plural manuscripten, diminutive manuscriptje n)

manuscripten (plural)
manuscriptje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: manuskrip

→ Indonesian: manuskrip

From Medieval Latin manuscrīptum (“writing by hand”), neuter of manuscrīptus.

der

a manuscript, written (not printed) text or composition

a manuscript submitted for reproductive publication


casus

nl-noun

casus m (plural casussen or casus, diminutive casusje n)

casussen (plural)
casus (plural)
casusje (diminutive neuter)

→ Dutch: c.q.

→ Indonesian: kasus

Borrowed from Latin cāsus (“chance, event”), the past participle of cadō (“to fall, happen”).

a case, occurrence, instance, especially used for a case study, reference or teaching example

(grammar) a case, (instance of) grammatical case


fondant

fondant m or n (plural fondants, diminutive fondantje n)

fondants (plural)
fondantje (diminutive neuter)

Unadapted borrowing from French fondant.

(Netherlands) fondant (sugary substance)


barbecue

barbecue m (plural barbecues, diminutive barbecuetje n)

barbecues (plural)
barbecuetje (diminutive neuter)


norm

norm f (plural normen, diminutive normpje n)

normen (plural)
normpje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French norme, ultimately from Latin nōrma.


ratio

→ Indonesian: rasio

(mathematics, countable) ratio, proportion


quetzal

quetzal m (plural quetzals, diminutive quetzaltje n)

quetzals (plural)
quetzaltje (diminutive neuter)

From Spanish quetzal, from Classical Nahuatl quetzalli (“brightly colored tail feather, quetzal feather”).


trogon

nl-noun

trogon m (plural trogons, diminutive trogonnetje n)

trogons (plural)
trogonnetje (diminutive neuter)


eclair

eclair m (plural eclairs, diminutive eclairtje n)

eclairs (plural)
eclairtje (diminutive neuter)


scalp

scalp (hair-covered skin, especially as a trophy)


helm

helm m (plural helmen, diminutive helmpje n)

helmen (plural)
helmpje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: helm

→ Papiamentu: hèlmu

→ Virgin Islands Creole: helum

From Middle Dutch helm, from Old Dutch *helm, from Proto-West Germanic *helm, from Proto-Germanic *helmaz. Compare West Frisian helm, Low German Helm, German Helm, Danish hjelm.


helm

From Proto-West Germanic *helm; cognate with Low German helm, English helm (“bentgrass, straw”). Further related to halm (“haulm”); compare English haulm, halm.

Ammophila arenaria
Wikispecies:Ammophila arenaria

marram, European beachgrass (Ammophila arenaria)


helm

From Middle Dutch *helm, attested in helmstoc. Akin to English helm.

the handle on a pounder to crush fibers in a paper mill


feuilleton

feuilleton n (plural feuilletons, diminutive feuilletonnetje n)

feuilletons (plural)
feuilletonnetje (diminutive neuter)


antichrist

Afrikaans: antichris

Ultimately from Ancient Greek ἀντίχριστος (antíkhristos).


rabbi

nl-noun

rabbi m (plural rabbi's, diminutive rabbietje n)

rabbi's (plural)
rabbietje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: rabbi

From Late Latin rabbi, and its source Koine Greek ῥαββί (rhabbí), from (post-biblical) Hebrew רבי (rabbi, “my master”).


paradox

paradox m (plural paradoxen, diminutive paradoxje n)

paradoxen (plural)
paradoxje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: paradoks

→ Indonesian: paradoks

Borrowed from French paradoxe, from Middle French paradoxe, from Latin paradoxum, from Ancient Greek παράδοξος (parádoxos, “unexpected, strange”).


binding

From Middle Dutch bindinge. Equivalent to binden + -ing.

binding, tying, act of applying bonds to someone or of fastening something

connection, bond, tie (association or commitment to someone or something)


konijn

nl-noun

konijn n (plural konijnen, diminutive konijntje n)

konijnen (plural)
konijntje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: konyn

desctree

→ Indonesian: kelinci
→ Cia-Cia: kelinci, 껠린찌
→ Tausug: kulinsi'

→ Papiamentu: konènchi, konijntsje (from the diminutive)

→ Sranan Tongo: konkoni, konikoni

→ Lokono: koneso

→ Aukan: konkoni

desc

→ Caribbean Hindustani: konkoni, kunkuni

→ Caribbean Javanese: koni-koni

From Middle Dutch conijn, from earlier Middle Dutch conin, from Old French connin, a variant of Old French conil, from Latin cunīculus, perhaps from Iberian or Celtiberian. Cognate to English cony, German Kaninchen, Spanish conejo and Portuguese coelho.

a rabbit, a bunny; any non-hare lagomorph of the family Leporidae


eb

Afrikaans: eb

Berbice Creole Dutch: hebe


hum

nl-noun

hum n (plural hummen, diminutive hummetje n)

hummen (plural)
hummetje (diminutive neuter)


mortel

Negerhollands: mortel

→ Indonesian: mortél

From Middle Dutch mortel, dissimilation from older morter, from Latin mortārium.

mortar (mixture based on cement or lime)


gelid

Afrikaans: gelid

From Middle Dutch gelit; cognate with German Glied. By surface analysis, ge- + lid.

an organizational rank, especially a military rank


spectrometer

spectrometer m (plural spectrometers, diminutive spectrometertje n)

spectrometers (plural)
spectrometertje (diminutive neuter)

(analytical chemistry) spectrometer (instrument for measuring the absorption of light by chemical substances)


pram

pram m (plural prammen, diminutive prammetje n)

prammen (plural)
prammetje (diminutive neuter)

(obsolete) a breast of a breastfeeding woman or a teat of a suckling female


landing

landing f (plural landingen, diminutive landinkje n)

landingen (plural)
landinkje (diminutive neuter)

Derived from landen + -ing. Compare English landing and German Landung.

landing, touchdown of an airplane or any other airborne object

the act of disembarking a ship, particularly in military contexts


lingerie

lingerie f (plural lingeries or lingerieën, diminutive lingerietje n)

lingeries (plural)
lingerieën (plural)
lingerietje (diminutive neuter)


cranberry

Unadapted borrowing from English cranberry.


persona

From English persona, ultimately from Latin persōna. Doublet with persoon (“person”).

(marketing, user experience) an imaginary person representing a particular type of client or customer, considered when designing products and services that will appeal to them; a persona


CV

centrale verwarming
centrale verwarming#Dutch

initialism of centrale verwarming, central heating


fugue

nl-noun

fugue f (plural fugues, diminutive fugueje n)

fugues (plural)
fugueje (diminutive neuter)


rum

Negerhollands: roem, rum


motor

motor m (plural motoren or motors, diminutive motortje n)

motoren (plural)
motors (plural)
motortje (diminutive neuter)

→ Aukan: muntolu

→ Caribbean Hindustani: motar

→ Caribbean Javanese: montor

→ Indonesian: motor

→ Trió: monturu

Borrowed from English motor, from Latin motor. In the sense “motorbike” motor was originally short for motorrijwiel or motorfiets.


podium

podium n (plural podia or podiums, diminutive podiumpje n)

podia (plural)
podiums (plural)
podiumpje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: podium

Borrowed from Latin podium, from Ancient Greek πόδιον (pódion, “base”), a diminutive of πούς (poús, “foot”). Doublet of pui.


pony

pony m (plural pony's, diminutive pony'tje n)

pony's (plural)
pony'tje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: poni


pony

pony n or m (plural pony's, diminutive pony'tje n)


viola

viola f (plural viola's, diminutive violaatje n)

viola's (plural)
violaatje (diminutive neuter)

From Italian viola. Doublet of viool and vedel.


dealer

dealer m (plural dealers, diminutive dealertje n)

dealers (plural)
dealertje (diminutive neuter)

Audio

From English dealer. By surface analysis, dealen (“to deal drugs”) + -er. Doublet of deler.


plus

nl-noun

plus m (plural plussen, diminutive plusje n)

plussen (plural)
plusje (diminutive neuter)


opening

opening f (plural openingen, diminutive openinkje n)

openingen (plural)
openinkje (diminutive neuter)


post

post f or m (plural posten, diminutive postje n)

posten (plural)
postje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: pos

→ Caribbean Javanese: pos

→ Indonesian: pos

→ Petjo: pos

→ Papiamentu: pòst

Borrowed from Middle French poste, from Italian posta.


post

Afrikaans: pos

→ Indonesian: pos

→ Saramaccan: pósu

→ Sranan Tongo: postu

→ Caribbean Javanese: postu

Borrowed from French poste, from Italian posto.

a location or station, where a soldier is supposed to be; position

Toekomstig Amerikaans president Barack Obama maakt zijn keuzes bekend voor de posten binnen zijn kabinet op het gebied van veiligheid en buitenlands beleid.

President elect Barack Obama makes his choices known for the posts within his cabinet in the area of security and exterior policy. (nl.wikipedia, 12/3/2008)


brunette

brunette f (plural brunettes or brunetten, diminutive brunetje n or brunettetje n)

brunettes (plural)
brunetten (plural)
brunetje (diminutive neuter)
brunettetje (diminutive neuter)
bruinet (alternative archaic)
bruinette (alternative archaic)
brunet (alternative)

Afrikaans: brunet

brunette (brown-haired or dark-haired female)


attest

attest n (plural attesten, diminutive attestje n)

attesten (plural)
attestje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: atés

certificate, document supporting an assertion


ester

ester m (plural esters, diminutive estertje n)

esters (plural)
estertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: ester


aroma

aroma n (plural aroma's, diminutive aromaatje n)

aroma's (plural)
aromaatje (diminutive neuter)
aroom (alternative)

→ Indonesian: aroma


bond

bond m (plural bonden, diminutive bondje n)

bonden (plural)
bondje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bond

→ Caribbean Javanese: bon

→ Papiamentu: bònt

→ Sranan Tongo: bontu

From Middle Dutch bund. The word could also be neuter until the 19th century, when it became increasingly common under the influence of German Bund.

vakbond

Volkenbond

(dated) bundle (set of objects packed or tied together)


walrus

walrus m (plural walrussen, diminutive walrusje n)

walrussen (plural)
walrusje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: walrus

The origin of this word is not wholly certain, with several theories proposed. Probably borrowed from Danish hvalros or Swedish valross, from an inversion of Old Norse hrosshvalr (“horse-whale”). Equivalent to wal (“whale; large sea-animal”) + ros (“horse”). The Old Norse word may, however, been a folk-etymological modification of Old Norse rossmal, related to Proto-Germanic *rusta-, from the rust colour of the animal. Preference for borrowing the inverted form could have been due to the influence of the already existing Dutch compound walvis (“whale”, literally “whale-fish”).

compound

Odobenus rosmarus
Odobenus rosmarus#Translingual

walrus, any member of the family Odobenidae of which Odobenus rosmarus is the sole extant member


flipper

nl-noun

flipper m (plural flippers, diminutive flippertje n)

flippers (plural)
flippertje (diminutive neuter)

a flipper (limb-like appendage of an aquatic animal)

a flipper, a flipper bumper (lever in a pinball machine for hitting the ball; also the input device for operating this lever)


schatten

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


chloride

nl-noun

chloride n (plural chloriden or chlorides)


tunnel

tunnel m (plural tunnels, diminutive tunneltje n)

tunnels (plural)
tunneltje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English tunnel, from Middle French tonnelle.


zigzag

zigzag m (plural zigzags, diminutive zigzagje n)

zigzags (plural)
zigzagje (diminutive neuter)


molecule

molecule n or f or m (plural moleculen or molecules, diminutive moleculetje n)

moleculen (plural)
molecules (plural)
moleculetje (diminutive neuter)


fort

fort n (plural forten, diminutive fortje n)

forten (plural)
fortje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: fort

Skepi Creole Dutch: fort

→ Kwinti: foto

→ Papiamentu: fòrti, forti

→ Sranan Tongo: foto

→ Kari'na: fo`to

→ Lokono: forto

→ Trió: poto


bobo

Borrowed from Sranan Tongo bobo, from Portuguese bobo or alternatively Spanish bobo.


bobo

Shortening of bondsbons. Said to be coined by Joop Niezen in 1978. Popularised in 1988 by Ruud Gullit, whose usage was likely influenced by etymology 1.

1983 November 10, M.H., "Bobo's", Nieuwsblad van het Noorden , vol. 96, no. 265, page 19.
Drukke dagen voor bobo's in het Noorden.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


blouse

blouse f (plural blouses, diminutive blouseje n)

blouses (plural)
blouseje (diminutive neuter)


solo

solo m (plural solo's or soli, diminutive solootje n)

solo's (plural)
soli (plural)
solootje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Italian solo, from Latin solus.

(music) solo (piece or passage performed or typified by a single performer)


beamer

beamer m (plural beamers, diminutive beamertje n)

beamers (plural)
beamertje (diminutive neuter)

From beamen (“to assent”) + -er (agentive suffix).


beamer

A pseudo-anglicism. Compare German Beamer.


stad

nl-noun

stad f (plural steden, diminutive stadje n)

steden (plural)
stadje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: stad

Berbice Creole Dutch: stati

Jersey Dutch: stād

Negerhollands: stadt, stad

Skepi Creole Dutch: stat

→ Caribbean Javanese: setat

→ Papiamentu: stat, stad

→ Peranakan Indonesian: stad

From Middle Dutch stat, from Old Dutch stat, stedi (whence stede, stee), from Proto-West Germanic *stadi, from Proto-Germanic *stadiz, from Proto-Indo-European *stéh₂tis.
The plural has preserved the old Germanic umlaut in a morphological function, a rarity in Dutch. Several derived terms have umlaut as well.

Amsterdam is een bruisende stad vol cultuur.

Amsterdam is a bustling city full of culture.

Ze verhuisde van een klein dorp naar een grote stad.

She moved from a small village to a big city.

Het stadje had een rijke geschiedenis.

Ik ben nu in de stad.

I am now in town. I am now in the centre (of town).

Ik ga de stad in.


basilica

basilica f (plural basilica's, diminutive basilicaatje n)

basilica's (plural)
basilicaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin basilica, from Ancient Greek βασιλική (basilikḗ).


rector

Indonesian: rektor


bazaar

bazaar m (plural bazaars, diminutive bazaartje n)

bazaars (plural)
bazaartje (diminutive neuter)

Ultimately from Persian بازار (bâzâr). Doublet of pasar.


district

district n (plural districten, diminutive districtje n)

districten (plural)
districtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: distrik

Negerhollands: distrikt

desc

→ Caribbean Javanese: dhistrikan, pendhistrikan

→ Indonesian: distrik

From Middle Dutch district, from Middle French district, from Medieval Latin districtus (“a district within which the lord may distrain, also jurisdiction”), from Latin districtus, past participle of distringō, distringere (“draw asunder, compel, distrain”), from dis- (“apart”) + stringō, stringere (“draw tight, strain”).


hoon

From Middle Dutch hone, hoon, from Old Dutch *hōna, *hōni, from Proto-Germanic *hauniz.


tango

Borrowed from Spanish tango, probably from a Niger-Congo language.

tango (Argentine-Uruguayan dance and musical style)


spa

nl-noun

spa m (plural spaden, diminutive spaatje n)

spaden (plural)
spaatje (diminutive neuter)
spade (alternative)

From earlier spade, from Middle Dutch spade, from Old Dutch *spado, from Proto-Germanic *spadô.


spa

spa m (plural spa's, diminutive spaatje n)

spa's (plural)
spaatje (diminutive neuter)

From the Spa brand of mineral water, which originates from the Belgian town of Spa. The compound spawater is attested as early as the 17th century, however.


emporium

emporium n (plural emporia or emporiums, diminutive emporiumpje n)

emporia (plural)
emporiums (plural)
emporiumpje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin emporium (“trading station, market town, market”); from Ancient Greek ἐμπόριον (empórion, “trading station”), from ἔμπορος (émporos, “merchant", "traveller", literally "incomer"”), from ἐν (en, “in”) and πόρος (póros, “journey”).


discipline

nl-noun

discipline f (plural disciplines, diminutive disciplinetje n)

disciplines (plural)
disciplinetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: dissipline

→ Indonesian: disiplin

From Middle Dutch discipline, from Old French discipline, from Latin disciplīna.

discipline, regime of forcing compliance


regiment

regiment n (plural regimenten, diminutive regimentje n)

regimenten (plural)
regimentje (diminutive neuter)

desc

→ Indonesian: resimen (“division of an army”)

→ Papiamentu: resjiment

Het regiment trok ten strijde onder leiding van hun kolonel.

The regiment went into battle under the leadership of their colonel.

Hij diende vijf jaar in een infanterieregiment.

He served for five years in an infantry regiment.

De troepen van dat regiment staan bekend om hun discipline.

The troops of that regiment are known for their discipline.

regimen, regime (particular system of enforcing discipline)

1628, Philips Marnix van Sint Aldegonde, "Wilhelmus van Nassouwe", (modern, redacted version), couplet 2.
Maar God zal mij regeren / als een goed instrument, / dat ik zal wederkeren / in mijnen regiment.


déjà vu

Unadapted borrowing from French déjà vu.


bumper

nl-noun

bumper m (plural bumpers, diminutive bumpertje n)

bumpers (plural)
bumpertje (diminutive neuter)

Indonesian: bumper, bemper


plaag

plaag f or m (plural plagen, diminutive plaagje n)

plagen (plural)
plaagje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: plaag

Negerhollands: plaag, plag, plaeg

From Middle Dutch plāghe, plāghen (> Dutch plagen), Middle Low German plāge, pflāge, vlāge, Middle High German plāge (> German Plage), plāgen (> German plagen), Swedish plåga, French plaie.


dip

dip m (plural dippen, diminutive dipje n)

dippen (plural)
dipje (diminutive neuter)


dip

(colloquial) a minor depression, a short-lived sadness

a minor economic setback, no worse than a short, minor recession


leeftijd

leeftijd m (plural leeftijden, diminutive leeftijdje n)

leeftijden (plural)
leeftijdje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: leeftyd

From the root of leven (“to live”) + tijd (“time”).

De leeftijd van de aarde is zo'n vier en een half miljard jaar.

The age of the earth is about four and a half billion years.

age (amount of time a being or object has lived or existed)


protist

Borrowed from New Latin Protista, from Ancient Greek πρώτιστος (prṓtistos).


boomer

Borrowed English boomer, a clipping of baby boomer. Equivalent to boom + -er.

(informal) a baby boomer, stereotypically associated with selfish or old-fashioned ideas


sul

sul m (plural sullen, diminutive sulleke n)

sullen (plural)
sulleke (diminutive neuter)

(derogatory) naive, gullible person who is easily deceived


drum

drum m (plural drums, diminutive drummetje n)

drums (plural)
drummetje (diminutive neuter)

(music) drum, usually one belonging to a drum kit


helix

Borrowed from Latin helix, from Ancient Greek ἕλιξ (hélix).


bimbo

bimbo f (plural bimbo's, diminutive bimbootje n)

bimbo's (plural)
bimbootje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English bimbo, from Italian bimbo.

(derogatory) bimbo (unintelligent floozie)


website

website m (plural websites, diminutive websiteje n)

websites (plural)
websiteje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English web site, website.


corner

corner m (plural corners, diminutive cornertje n)

corners (plural)
cornertje (diminutive neuter)


mis

mis f (plural missen, diminutive misje n)

missen (plural)
misje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mis

From Middle Dutch misse, from Latin missa.


hal

hal f (plural hallen, diminutive halletje n)

hallen (plural)
halletje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: hal

→ Papiamentu: hal (dated)

From Middle Dutch halle, from Old Dutch *halla, from Proto-West Germanic *hallu, from Proto-Germanic *hallō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to hide, cover, conceal”).
Cognate with Low German Hall, German Halle, English hall, Danish hall.


hal

nl-noun

hal n (plural hallen, diminutive halletje n)

hallen (plural)
halletje (diminutive neuter)
hel (alternative)

Perhaps related to Old Norse héla (“hoarfrost”).


miss

miss f (plural missen, diminutive missje n)

missen (plural)
missje (diminutive neuter)

Annelien Coorevits was Miss België in 2007.

Annelien Coorevits was Miss Belgium in 2007.

Dat is nogal een miss, hoor.


villa

villa f (plural villa's, diminutive villaatje n)

villa's (plural)
villaatje (diminutive neuter)

mansion (large, (normally) expensive, sumptuous house)


professional

a professional practitioner of a trade, métier.


arena

arena m (plural arena's, diminutive arenaatje n)

arena's (plural)
arenaatje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: arena

Borrowed from Italian arena, from Latin arēna.

arena (enclosed area for the presentation of sporting or other spectacular events)


begonia

begonia m (plural begonia's, diminutive begoniaatje n)

begonia's (plural)
begoniaatje (diminutive neuter)


dahlia

dahlia f (plural dahlia's, diminutive dahliaatje n)

dahlia's (plural)
dahliaatje (diminutive neuter)


modulus

Learned borrowing from Latin modulus. Doublet of module and mal.

(mathematics) modulus (absolute value of a complex number)


geranium

geranium f (plural geraniums, diminutive geraniumpje n)

geraniums (plural)
geraniumpje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from New Latin geranium, from Ancient Greek γέρανος (géranos, “crane”); more at ooievaarsbek.


lobelia

nl-noun

lobelia f (plural lobelia's, diminutive lobeliaatje n)

lobelia's (plural)
lobeliaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin lobelia or translingual Lobelia.


strip

strip m (plural strips, diminutive stripje n)

strips (plural)
stripje (diminutive neuter)


hovercraft

hovercraft m or f (plural hovercrafts, diminutive hovercraftje n)

hovercrafts (plural)
hovercraftje (diminutive neuter)


dilemma

dilemma n (plural dilemma's, diminutive dilemmaatje n)

dilemma's (plural)
dilemmaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin dilemma, from Ancient Greek δίλημμα (dílēmma).


ananas

ananas f or m (plural ananassen, diminutive ananasje n)

ananassen (plural)
ananasje (diminutive neuter)
annanas (alternative obsolete)

Berbice Creole Dutch: nanasi

Negerhollands: anas

→ Caribbean Hindustani: ajanás

→ Lokono: nana

desctree

→ Malay: nanas, nenas (nonstandard)
Indonesian: nanas
→ Iban: nanas
→ Maguindanao: nanas

→ Sranan Tongo: n'nasi

→ Kari'na: nana

→ West Frisian: ananas

Borrowed from Spanish ananás or Portuguese ananás, ultimately from Old Tupi naná.

pineapple plant, plant of the genus Ananassa


schlemiel

nl-noun

schlemiel m (plural schlemielen, diminutive schlemieltje n)

schlemielen (plural)
schlemieltje (diminutive neuter)
sjlemiel (alternative)


directeur

directeur m (plural directeurs, diminutive directeurtje n, feminine directrice)

directeurs (plural)
directeurtje (diminutive neuter)
directrice (feminine)

Afrikaans: direkteur

desc

→ Caribbean Javanese: dirèktir, dirèktur

→ Indonesian: direktur

→ Papiamentu: dirèktùr

→ Sranan Tongo: driktoro, dikketoro, driektoro

→ Saramaccan: dikitóo

director, manager (in a company), general manager, CEO (or at a lower (e.g., branch) level)

director (a person in charge of various other institutions)

director or manager (who has an executive mandate within an institution, e.g., for HR)


halo

nl-noun

halo m (plural halo's, diminutive halootje n)

halo's (plural)
halootje (diminutive neuter)

From Latin halos, from Ancient Greek ἅλως (hálōs, “disk of the sun or moon, ring of light around the sun or moon; threshing floor; disk of a shield”), itself of unknown origin.

der

similar visual effect resulting from undesirable, roughly circular spots on an imperfectly developed photograph


recherche

desc

→ Indonesian: reserse (“criminal investigator”)

→ Papiamentu: reshèrsh, reshèrshi, reshèrshe, reshèrzje

→ West Frisian: resjerzje

/ˌreːˈʃɛr.ʒə/

criminal-investigation unit or department of a police force


subcontinent

Probably borrowed. Equivalent to sub- + continent.

subcontinent (large landmass smaller than a continent)


lemming

nl-noun

lemming m (plural lemmingen or lemmings, diminutive lemminkje n)

lemmingen (plural)
lemmings (plural)
lemminkje (diminutive neuter)

From Danish and Norwegian lemming, from Old Norse lómundr, læmingi, læmingr (“lemming”), perhaps from Sami luomek.


ravage

Borrowed from Middle French ravage (“ravage, havoc, spoil”).


burrito

nl-noun

burrito m (plural burrito's, diminutive burritootje n)

burrito's (plural)
burritootje (diminutive neuter)


status

status m (plural statussen, diminutive statusje n)

statussen (plural)
statusje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: status


asperge

asperge f (plural asperges, diminutive aspergetje n)

asperges (plural)
aspergetje (diminutive neuter)
aspergie (alternative obsolete)

Afrikaans: aspersie

→ Papiamentu: asperge

Borrowed from Middle French asperge, from Medieval Latin asparagus, sparagus, from Ancient Greek ἀσπάραγος (aspáragos).

Asparagus officinalis
Asparagus officinalis#Translingual

asparagus, Asparagus officinalis (plant, vegetable)


census

Afrikaans: sensus

→ Indonesian: sensus

→ Sranan Tongo: sènses

Borrowed from Latin census. Doublet of cijns and tijns.

(historical) a tax that one has to pay to receive the right to vote in jurisdictions with census suffrage


horizon

horizon m (plural horizonten or horizonnen)

→ Indonesian: horizon

→ Papiamentu: hórizòn

Borrowed from Latin horizōn, from Ancient Greek ὁρίζων (horízōn), from ὅρος (hóros, “boundary”).


catastrophe

(archaic) superseded spelling of catastrofe


mamma

mamma f (plural mamma's, diminutive mammaatje n)

mamma's (plural)
mammaatje (diminutive neuter)


tal

From Middle Dutch tal, from Old Dutch *tal, from Proto-West Germanic *tal, from Proto-Germanic *talą.


gul

gul m or f (plural gullen, diminutive gulletje n)

gullen (plural)
gulletje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch *gul(le) (attested only in the diminutive gullekijn). Uncertain, but plausibly related to geel (“yellow”).


bunker

bunker m (plural bunkers, diminutive bunkertje n)

bunkers (plural)
bunkertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: bunker

bunker (low-lying fortification built into the landscape)

(golf) bunker (hole with a surface of sand or dirt, placed on a golf course as a barrier)


fonds

fonds n (plural fondsen, diminutive fondsje n)

fondsen (plural)
fondsje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: fonds

→ Papiamentu: fonds (dated)

fund (amount of money, usually on an account, destined for some purpose)


pixel

pixel m (plural pixels, diminutive pixeltje n)

pixels (plural)
pixeltje (diminutive neuter)


container

container m (plural containers, diminutive containertje n)

containers (plural)
containertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: kontainer

dumpster or domestic recycling bin, large waste container


compliment

compliment n (plural complimenten, diminutive complimentje n)

complimenten (plural)
complimentje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: kòmplimènt

Borrowed from French compliment, from Italian complimento, from Old Spanish cumplimiento.


uniform

uniform n (plural uniformen, diminutive uniformpje n)

uniformen (plural)
uniformpje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: uniform

Borrowed from Middle French uniforme, from Latin ūnifōrmis.


patio

patio m (plural patio's, diminutive patiootje n)

patio's (plural)
patiootje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Spanish patio, possibly via English or French patio. Doublet of pact and pacht.


baobab

Borrowed from Medieval Latin bahobab, from Arabic أَبُو حِبَاب (ʔabū ḥibāb, “father of many seeds”), from أَبُو (ʔabū, “father”) + حَبّ (ḥabb, “seed”).

der

أَبُو حِبَاب


paprika

nl-noun

paprika f (plural paprika's, diminutive paprikaatje n)

paprika's (plural)
paprikaatje (diminutive neuter)

From German Paprika, from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika, from pȁpar (“pepper”), from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi), from an Indo-Aryan language.

Deze paprika bevat veel zaadjes.

This bell pepper contains a lot of seeds.

Het lukt me niet om paprika te laten groeien op mijn balkon.

I can't get a Capsicum annuum''' plant to grow on my balcony.

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum#Translingual

sweet pepper, bell pepper (plant or fruit of Capsicum annuum varieties yielding sweet peppers)


drek

From Middle Dutch drec, from Old Dutch *threkk, from Proto-West Germanic *þraki, from Proto-Germanic *þrakjaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)terǵ-, *(s)terḱ-, *(s)treḱ- (“manure, dung; to sully, soil, decay”).
Compare English dreck, German Dreck (“dirt; filth”), Old Norse þrekkr, Swedish träck. Wider Indo-European cognates include Latin stercus (“dung, manure”).
Attested since 1285 in the sense "filth, excrement".


mutant

mutant m (plural mutanten, diminutive mutantje n)

mutanten (plural)
mutantje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin mutans, present participle of mutare.


mens

mens m (plural mensen, diminutive mensje n)

mensen (plural)
mensje (diminutive neuter)
mensch (alternative obsolete)

Afrikaans: mens

Negerhollands: mensch, mens

Skepi Creole Dutch: mens

From Middle Dutch mensche, from Old Dutch mennisko, a substantivised form of the adjective *mennisk (“human, humanlike”), from Proto-West Germanic *mannisk, from Proto-Germanic *manniskaz.

De mens is van nature een politiek dier.

Ik ben ook maar een mens!

human, any member of the species Homo sapiens


mens

mens n (plural mensen, diminutive mensje n)

Dat mens werkt me echt op de zenuwen.


forum

forum n (plural fora or forums, diminutive forumpje n)

fora (plural)
forums (plural)
forumpje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin forum. The sense “Internet forum” comes from English forum.

forum (venue, medium, vehicle; general place of exchange)


admin

(Internet) admin, administrator (user with special privileges)


vin

vin f (plural vinnen, diminutive vinnetje n)

vinnen (plural)
vinnetje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch vinne, from Old Dutch *finna, from Proto-Germanic *finnō.


arrangement

arrangement n (plural arrangementen, diminutive arrangementje n)

arrangementen (plural)
arrangementje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: aransêmèn

a package deal, especially in relation to recreative services


pupil

pupil f (plural pupillen, diminutive pupilletje n)

pupillen (plural)
pupilletje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch pupille, from Old French pupille, from Latin pūpilla.


pupil

pupil m (plural pupillen, diminutive pupilletje n)

Borrowed from Middle French pupille, from Latin pūpillus.

(chiefly sports) minor, generally a prepubescent child over the age of 5

institutionalised pupil (one who receives an upbringing or education in an institution)


retina

retina f or m (plural retina's, diminutive retinaatje n)

retina's (plural)
retinaatje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: retina

From Medieval Latin rētina, the diminutive form of Latin rēte (“net”), probably from Vulgar Latin tunica retina (literally “net-like tunic”), used to describe the blood vessel system at the back of the eye.


sergeant

nl-noun

sergeant m (plural sergeants or sergeanten, diminutive sergeantje n)

sergeants (plural)
sergeanten (plural)
sergeantje (diminutive neuter)
sergant (alternative obsolete)
sergent (alternative obsolete)
serjant (alternative obsolete)
sersjant (alternative archaic informal)

Afrikaans: sersant

→ Indonesian: sersan

→ Papiamentu: serzjant, sergeant

→ West Frisian: sersjant

From Middle Dutch seriant, from Old French sergent, from Latin serviēns. The current spelling is influenced by English sergeant.

sergeant (non-commissioned officer in several armed forces)


artefact

artefact n (plural artefacten, diminutive artefactje n)

artefacten (plural)
artefactje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: artefak


stollen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


folder

nl-noun

folder m (plural folders, diminutive foldertje n)

folders (plural)
foldertje (diminutive neuter)

(folded) leaflet with information or advertising


routine

routine f (plural routines, diminutive routinetje n)

routines (plural)
routinetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: rutin


veer

veer f (plural veren, diminutive veertje n)

veren (plural)
veertje (diminutive neuter)
veder (alternative)

Afrikaans: veer

→ Caribbean Javanese: pir

→ Indonesian: per (“spring”)

A contraction of veder, from Middle Dutch vedere, from Old Dutch fethara, from Proto-West Germanic *feþru, from Proto-Germanic *feþrō, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥ ~ pth₂én- (“feather, wing”), from *peth₂- (“to fly”). The sense "spring" is derived from the ability of feathers to resume their shape when bent.
Cognate with Low German Fedder, German Feder, West Frisian fear, English feather, Danish fjer, Swedish fjäder.

der

a mechanical spring (e.g. metallic helix which resists stress)


veer

nl-noun

veer n (plural veren, diminutive veertje n)

veren (plural)
veertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: veer

→ Sranan Tongo: fer

→ Caribbean Hindustani: fer

→ Caribbean Javanese: fir, pir

From Middle Dutch vere f, from Old Dutch *feri (in toponyms), from Proto-West Germanic [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *farjǭ.
Cognate with German Fähre.


aura

aura f (plural aura's, diminutive auraatje n)

aura's (plural)
auraatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin aura, from Ancient Greek αὔρα (aúra).


uzi

uzi's (plural)
Uzi (alternative)
UZI (alternative)

Borrowed from English uzi, from Hebrew עוּזִי, named after Uziel Gal.

der

Hebrew עוּזִי


tritium

From Ancient Greek τρίτος (trítos, “third”) + -ium.


exponent

→ Indonesian: eksponen

Learned borrowing from Latin expōnēns. The sense “typical representative” is from English exponent.

(mathematics) exponent (number by which a base is raised to a power)

exponent; someone or something that characterically represents or advocates something, typical representative or advocate


outfit

nl-noun

outfit m (plural outfits, diminutive outfitje n)

outfits (plural)
outfitje (diminutive neuter)

Unadapted borrowing from English outfit.


surveillance

→ Indonesian: surveilans

Unadapted borrowing from French surveillance.


vibrator

nl-noun

vibrator m (plural vibrators, diminutive vibratortje n)

vibrators (plural)
vibratortje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin vibrator. The sense for the sex toy probably derives from English vibrator.


museum

museum n (plural musea or museums, diminutive museumpje n)

musea (plural)
museums (plural)
museumpje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: museum

→ Malay: museum

Indonesian: museum


wagon

wagon m (plural wagons, diminutive wagonnetje n)

wagons (plural)
wagonnetje (diminutive neuter)
waggon (alternative archaic)

→ Indonesian: wagon

Borrowed from English waggon, itself from Middle Dutch wagen. Doublet of wagen.
The pronunciation was likely influenced by French wagon, which was also borrowed from English.

a train car, a wagon (railway carriage, a nonpowered unit in a railroad train)


establishment

establishment n (plural establishments, diminutive establishmentje n)

establishments (plural)
establishmentje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English establishment. Doublet of etablissement.

establishment, elite (ruling authority or class)


biscuit

biscuit n (plural biscuits, diminutive biscuitje n)

biscuits (plural)
biscuitje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: biskuit

Borrowed from French biscuit. Doublet of beschuit.


zone

zone f (plural zonen or zones, diminutive zonetje n)

zonen (plural)
zones (plural)
zonetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French zone, from Latin zona, from Ancient Greek ζώνη (zṓnē).


erotica

Probably a learned borrowing from Latin erōtica, but possibly borrowed from another language.

(uncommon) erotica (erotic subject matter)


paard

paard n (plural paarden, diminutive paardje n)

paarden (plural)
paardje (diminutive neuter)
perd (alternative dialectal)
peerd (alternative dialectal)

desctree

Afrikaans: perd
→ Phuthi: ipere
→ Sotho: pere

Jersey Dutch: pêrt, pêrd

→ English: prad

From Middle Dutch pert, pāert, from Old Dutch *pered, *perid, from Proto-West Germanic *parafred, from Late Latin paraverēdus. Compare German Pferd. Doublet of palefroot.

Equus caballus
Equus caballus#Translingual

(nautical) a rope hanging beneath a spar or other horizontal beam, often fixed in place by other ropes


loser

nl-noun

loser m (plural losers, diminutive losertje n)

losers (plural)
losertje (diminutive neuter)


stigma

stigma n (plural stigma's or stigmata, diminutive stigmaatje n)

stigma's (plural)
stigmata (plural)
stigmaatje (diminutive neuter)

From Latin stigma, from Ancient Greek στίγμα (stígma).

(Christianity) stigma (wound on Christ's body)


trauma

trauma n (plural trauma's or traumata, diminutive traumaatje n)

trauma's (plural)
traumata (plural)
traumaatje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: trauma

Borrowed internationalism, ultimately from Ancient Greek τραῦμᾰ (traûmă, “wound”).


anemometer

anemometer m (plural anemometers, diminutive anemometertje n)

anemometers (plural)
anemometertje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed, possibly from English, French or Latin.


lamp

lamp f (plural lampen, diminutive lampje n)

lampen (plural)
lampje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: lamp

Berbice Creole Dutch: lampu

Jersey Dutch: lāmp

Negerhollands: lamp

→ Japanese: ランプ (ranpu)

→ Malay: lampu

Indonesian: lampu

→ Petjo: lampoe

→ Papiamentu: lampi

→ Sranan Tongo: lampu

→ Caribbean Hindustani: lamphu

→ Kari'na: lampu

→ Lokono: lampu

→ Trió: rama

From Middle Dutch lampe, from Old French lampe, from Latin lampas (“lamp; torch; lantern”), from Ancient Greek λαμπάς (lampás, “torch; lamp”), from λάμπω (lámpō, “shine”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂p- (“glow”).

der

Zet je de lamp aan?

De lamp in de woonkamer is kapot.

Ze heeft een nieuwe lamp voor haar bureau gekocht.

(electronics, informal) vacuum tube, thermionic valve


logos

From Ancient Greek λόγος (lógos, “logos”).


satire

Borrowed from French satire, German Satire or Latin satira, from Latin satur but influenced by Ancient Greek σάτυρος (sáturos).


satyr

nl-noun

satyr m (plural satyrs, diminutive satyrtje n)

satyrs (plural)
satyrtje (diminutive neuter)
sater (alternative)

Ultimately from Latin satyrus, from Ancient Greek σάτυρος (sáturos).

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) satyr, faun


stereotype

stereotype n (plural stereotypes or stereotypen, diminutive stereotypetje n)

stereotypes (plural)
stereotypen (plural)
stereotypetje (diminutive neuter)


stoma

stoma m (plural stomas or stomata, diminutive stomaatje n)

stomas (plural)
stomata (plural)
stomaatje (diminutive neuter)

(botany) stoma (one of the tiny pores in the epidermis of a leaf or stem through which gases and water vapor pass)


barometer

barometer m (plural barometers, diminutive barometertje n)

barometers (plural)
barometertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: barometer

→ Papiamentu: barometer

From English barometer, perhaps through French baromètre. By surface analysis, baro- + meter.


diploma

diploma n (plural diploma's, diminutive diplomaatje n)

diploma's (plural)
diplomaatje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: diploma

desc

→ Caribbean Javanese: diplomah, dhiplomah

→ Indonesian: diploma

Borrowed from Latin diplōma, from Ancient Greek δίπλωμα (díplōma). The sense “diploma” derived from French diplôme.

(obsolete) deed, official document entitling one to something


dogma

nl-noun

dogma n (plural dogmata or dogma's or dogmen, diminutive dogmaatje n)

dogmata (plural)
dogma's (plural)
dogmen (plural)
dogmaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin dogma, from Ancient Greek δόγμα (dógma).

dogma (colloquially with connotations of strictness and inflexibility)


epidermis

epidermis f (plural epidermissen or epidermes)

epidermissen (plural)
epidermes (plural)

Borrowed from Latin epidermis, from Ancient Greek ἐπιδερμίς (epidermís).


ethos

→ Indonesian: etos

From Ancient Greek ἦθος (êthos, “ethos”).


charisma

charisma n (plural charisma's or charismata)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek χᾰ́ρῐσμᾰ (khắrĭsmă).

(Christianity) charisma (gift of the Holy Spirit)


cinema

cinema m (plural cinema's, diminutive cinemaatje n)

cinema's (plural)
cinemaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French cinéma, ultimately from Ancient Greek κίνημα (kínēma, “movement”).

der

cinema; movie theater (building where films are shown to an audience)

(uncountable) cinema (the art or industry of making films)


climax

nl-noun

climax m (plural climaxen, diminutive climaxje n)

climaxen (plural)
climaxje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: klimaks

Borrowed from Latin climax, from Ancient Greek κλῖμαξ (klîmax).

De climax van het verhaal was voor mijn gevoel wel erg snel afgelopen.

The climax of the story felt like it ended too quickly.

(literature) climax (culmination of a narrative's rising action)

Die onvrede bereikte een climax.

climax (culmination or acme, the last term in an ascending series)


macron

macron m (plural macrons, diminutive macrontje n)

macrons (plural)
macrontje (diminutive neuter)

From Ancient Greek μακρόν (makrón), neuter form of μακρός (makrós, “long”).


mentor

mentor m (plural mentors or mentoren, diminutive mentortje n, feminine mentrix)

mentors (plural)
mentoren (plural)
mentortje (diminutive neuter)
mentrix (feminine)

→ Indonesian: mentor

→ Papiamentu: mèntòr

Borrowed from French mentor, from Ancient Greek Μέντωρ (Méntōr).


panorama

panorama n (plural panorama's, diminutive panoramaatje n)

panorama's (plural)
panoramaatje (diminutive neuter)


paranoia

Ultimately from Ancient Greek παράνοια (paránoia, “madness”).


patriot

nl-noun

patriot m (plural patriotten, diminutive patriotje n)

patriotten (plural)
patriotje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: patriot

Borrowed from Middle French patriote, from Latin patriōta, from Ancient Greek πατριώτης (patriṓtēs).

(historical, chiefly Netherlands) a republican opponent of the House of Orange-Nassau during the second half of the eighteenth century, in favour of centralisation and administrative rationalisation


karma

From Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”), possibly via English karma.

der

(Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) karma


amok

→ Danish: amok (or through English amok)

(historical, chiefly uncountable) a murderous frenzy, a killing spree in Malay culture

(historical, countable) one who runs amok, someone who is on such a killing spree


goulash

nl-noun

goulash m (plural goulashes, diminutive goulashje n)

goulashes (plural)
goulashje (diminutive neuter)
goelasj (alternative)

From German Gulasch, from Hungarian gulyás.


bungalow

bungalow m (plural bungalows, diminutive bungalowtje n)

bungalows (plural)
bungalowtje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English bungalow, from Gujarati બંગલો (baṅglo).

a bungalow (small holiday home, usually single-storey)


veranda

veranda f (plural veranda's, diminutive verandaatje n)

veranda's (plural)
verandaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English veranda, from Hindi बरामदा (barāmdā), from Portuguese varanda.


condor

Borrowed from Spanish cóndor, from Quechua kuntur.

Vultur gryphus
Vultur gryphus#Translingual

Gymnogyps californianus
Gymnogyps californianus#Translingual

(rare) California condor, Gymnogyps californianus


Inca

Borrowed from Spanish inca, from Quechua Inka.


quinoa

Borrowed from Spanish quinua, from Quechua kinwa.

Chenopodium quinoa
Chenopodium quinoa#Translingual


kink

kink f (plural kinken, diminutive kinkje n)

kinken (plural)
kinkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kink

→ Papiamentu: kènk, kenku

Er zat een kink in de kabel.


ombudsman

ombudsman m (plural ombudsmannen, diminutive ombudsmannetje n)

ombudsmannen (plural)
ombudsmannetje (diminutive neuter)

From Swedish ombudsman, from Old Norse umboðsmaðr.


sprint

sprint m (plural sprints or sprinten, diminutive sprintje n)

sprints (plural)
sprinten (plural)
sprintje (diminutive neuter)


scrum

scrum m (plural scrums, diminutive scrummetje n)

scrums (plural)
scrummetje (diminutive neuter)

software engineering
software engineering


jihad

jihad m (plural jihads, diminutive jihadje n)

jihads (plural)
jihadje (diminutive neuter)


animo

→ Indonesian: animo

Borrowed from Italian animo, from Latin animus.

Er was weinig animo voor de strandwandeling.

There was not much interest in the walk on the beach.


videogame

From video + game, from English video game.


aso

aso m or f (plural aso's, diminutive asootje n)

aso's (plural)
asootje (diminutive neuter)

Clipping of asociaal. Compare German Asso, Assi.

(derogatory, Netherlands) an antisocial, brutish or inconsiderate person


berm

berm m (plural bermen, diminutive bermpje n)

bermen (plural)
bermpje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch baerm, from Old Dutch *barm, from Proto-Germanic *barmaz.

berm, verge, roadside (strip of land next to a road, street or sidewalk)


coleslaw

Borrowed from English coleslaw, from Dutch koolsla.


holster

holster m (plural holsters, diminutive holstertje n)

holsters (plural)
holstertje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Low German Holster, from Middle Low German holster, from Old Saxon *holster, from Proto-Germanic *hulistrą (“covering”).

holster (leather case into which a gun fits snugly)


mannequin

→ Papiamentu: mannequin, manikin

Borrowed from French mannequin, from Middle Dutch manneken.

a clothes model or fashion model, a mannequin


slurp

slurp m or f (plural slurpen, diminutive slurpje n)

slurpen (plural)
slurpje (diminutive neuter)

A variant form of slurf which is instead directly derived from slurpen; slurf is derived through the variant form slurven.

a slurping noise, especially when drinking or eating

1849, W. Vrolik, De vrucht van den mensch en van de zoogdieren, G. M. P. Londonck (publ.), description of plate 54.
Aan den wortel der slurp zit een klein beenstuk, hetwelk door bandachtige zelfstandigheid met het voorhoofdsbeen vereenigd is.

1871, Pieter Harting, Leerboek der vergelijkende ontleedkunde. Eerste deel. Morphologie der ongewervelde dieren, H. C. A. Campagne (publ.), page 364

De wand van den slurp bestaat uit een binnenste laag van kring- en een buitenste van lengte-spieren, welke laatste zich in de reeds genoemde terugtrekkende spier voortzetten.

1892, "De olifant", in Antonie S. Reule Nzn (ed.), Kinder-courant. Weekblad voor onze jongens en meisjes, vol. 13, K. Fuhri (publ.), page 107.
De groote slagtanden, die soms 2 à 2½ M. lang zijn en het kostbare elpenbeen of ivoor opleveren, hebben allen gemeen, als ook de slurp.

(archaic, dialectal) alternative form of slurf (“trunk”)


spook

spook n (plural spoken, diminutive spookje n)

desctree

Afrikaans: spook
→ Northern Ndebele: isipoko
→ Xhosa: isiporho
→ Zulu: isipoki

Negerhollands: spook

→ English: spook

→ Papiamentu: spoki, spooki

From Middle Dutch spoke, spooc, from spoke, spoocke, spoicke (“wizardry, witchcraft”), from Proto-Germanic *spōk. Further etymology unclear. Cognate with Middle Low German spôk, Low German spôk, Middle High German Spuch, and German Spuk.

Geloof je in spoken?

het spook van de oorlog

an imaginary horror, conceptual nightmare


slipper

nl-noun

slipper m (plural slippers, diminutive slippertje n)

slippers (plural)
slippertje (diminutive neuter)

slide (rubber shoe with open heel and open toes)


borg

Negerhollands: borg

→ Indonesian: boreh

→ Papiamentu: bòrg, borg, borg

→ Sranan Tongo: borgu

From Middle Dutch borge, ultimately from the root of the verb bergen (“to protect, safeguard”).


veld

veld n (plural velden, diminutive veldje n)

velden (plural)
veldje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: veld
→ English: veld

Negerhollands: veld

→ Caribbean Javanese: fèlt

From Middle Dutch velt, from Old Dutch felt, from Proto-West Germanic *felþu, from Proto-Germanic *felþuz, from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂-.

De boer plantte tarwe in zijn uitgestrekte velden.

The farmer planted wheat in his extensive fields.

De kinderen renden en speelden in het groene veldje naast het huis.

The children ran and played in the green patch next to the house.

a patch of grass and/or other small plants

field (geographical theatre where warriors operate, especially in battle)

We speelden voetbal op het grote veld achter de school.

We played soccer on the large field behind the school.

Het onderzoek valt binnen het wetenschappelijke veld van de psychologie.

The research falls within the scientific field of psychology.

a subject field, domain of knowledge, in particular an academic field

Elektrische ladingen oefenen krachten uit op elkaar via het elektrostatisch veld dat hen omringt.

Electric charges exert forces on each other through the electrostatic field that surrounds them.

(physics) a field (physical phenomenon pervading an area)


neutrum

Borrowed from Latin neutrum, neuter singular of neuter.

a word (esp. a noun) in the neuter gender


stort

stort n (plural storten, diminutive stortje n)

storten (plural)
stortje (diminutive neuter)

a place where waste or garbage is left, a dump


pont

pont f (plural ponten, diminutive pontje n)

ponten (plural)
pontje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: pondo

→ Papiamentu: ponchi, pontsje (from the diminutive)

desc

→ Sranan Tongo: ponti, pontoe, ponki, pondo

→ Caribbean Javanese: pondo

From Middle Dutch ponte, borrowed from Latin pontō (“ferryboat”), probably derived from pōns (“bridge”).


commando

order, imperative (especially in relation to the military or animal training)

unit or division over whom an officer has command


commando

Borrowed from English commando, from Afrikaans kommando, from Portuguese comando.

commando, member of a special forces unit


spoor

nl-noun

spoor n (plural sporen, diminutive spoortje n)

sporen (plural)
spoortje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: spoor

→ English: spoor

→ Fanagalo: spor

→ Zulu: sipolo

Jersey Dutch: spôr

Negerhollands: spoor

Petjo: sepoor

→ Caribbean Javanese: sepur

→ Indonesian: sepur (“railway track”)

desctree

→ Javanese: ꦱꦼꦥꦸꦂ (sepur)
→ Indonesian: sepur (“train”) (semantic loan)

→ Papiamentu: spor

From Middle Dutch spor, from Old Dutch *spor, from Proto-Germanic *spurą, from Proto-Indo-European *sperH-.


spoor

nl-noun

spoor f (plural sporen, diminutive spoortje n)

Afrikaans: spoor

→ Papiamentu: spor, spoor

From Middle Dutch spore, from Old Dutch *spora, variant of *sporo, from Proto-West Germanic *spurō, from Proto-Germanic *spurô, from Proto-Indo-European *sperH- (“to kick”).


trek

trek m (plural trekken, diminutive trekje n)

trekken (plural)
trekje (diminutive neuter)

Ik heb trek in een reep chocola

Ik heb geen trek in deze klus

(uncountable) draught, air current through a chimney


braai

braai m (plural braaien, diminutive braaitje n)

braaien (plural)
braaitje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Afrikaans braai (“barbecue”), from Dutch braden.

bor+

an open outdoor grill built specifically for the purpose of braaing

a social meeting, including the braaing of meat


kraal

nl-noun

kraal f (plural kralen, diminutive kraaltje n)

kralen (plural)
kraaltje (diminutive neuter)

→ Sranan Tongo: krara, krala

→ Aukan: kaala

→ Lokono: korara

→ Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin: kalala, kralu

From Middle Dutch crael, syncopic form of corael. See koraal, from the same ultimate source.


kraal

kraal n (plural kralen, diminutive kraaltje n)


kraal

Afrikaans: kraal

a kraal, corral (enclosure for livestock)


dorp

dorp n (plural dorpen, diminutive dorpje n)

dorpen (plural)
dorpje (diminutive neuter)

desctree

Afrikaans: dorp
→ Fanagalo: dorop
→ Sotho: toropo
→ Tswana: toropo
→ Venda: ḓorobo
→ Xhosa: idolophu
→ Zulu: idolobha

Negerhollands: dorp

→ English: dorp

→ Papiamentu: dorp

→ Sranan Tongo: dorpu

From Middle Dutch dorp, from Old Dutch thorp, from Proto-West Germanic *þorp, from Proto-Germanic *þurpą. Doublet of terp.


scope

De scope van deze maatregel is beperkt tot het komende jaar.

The scope of this measure is limited to the coming year.


zetten

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


tequila

nl-noun

tequila f (plural tequila's, diminutive tequilaatje n)

tequila's (plural)
tequilaatje (diminutive neuter)

Unadapted borrowing from Mexican Spanish tequila. The hyperforeign pronunciations listed in this entry seem to assume a Spanish form *tequilla, or simply result from a misunderstanding of Spanish pronunciation.