zonsopgang

zonsopgang m (plural zonsopgangen, diminutive zonsopgangetje n)

zonsopgangen (plural)
zonsopgangetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: sonsopgang

From Middle Dutch sonneopganc. Equivalent to zon + -s- + opgang.

De zonsopgang boven de bergen was spectaculair.

The sunrise over the mountains was spectacular.

Fotografen wachten vaak op zonsopgang om de perfecte foto te maken.

Photographers often wait for sunrise to capture the perfect shot.

Ze mediteerde tijdens zonsopgang voor een vredig begin van de dag.

She meditated at sunrise for a peaceful start to the day.


opgang

nl-noun

opgang m (plural opgangen, diminutive opgangetje n)

opgangen (plural)
opgangetje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch opganc. Equivalent to op- + gang and a deverbal from opgaan.

rising of a heavenly body (such as the sun or moon)

rising (of a country's or a person's power)


zonsopkomst

zonsopkomst f (plural zonsopkomsten, diminutive zonsopkomstje n)

zonsopkomsten (plural)
zonsopkomstje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: sonsopkoms

We stonden vroeg op om de zonsopkomst te zien.

De kleuren van de zonsopkomst waren adembenemend.

The colors of the sunrise were breathtaking.

Elke zonsopkomst op het strand is uniek.


zonsondergang

zonsondergang m (plural zonsondergangen, diminutive zonsondergangetje n)

zonsondergangen (plural)
zonsondergangetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: sonsondergang

From Middle Dutch sonne-onderganc. Equivalent to zon + -s- + ondergang.


maansondergang

maansondergang m (plural maansondergangen)


maansopkomst

We wachtten op de maansopkomst om het festival te beginnen.

We waited for the moonrise to start the festival.

De maansopkomst was spectaculair gisteravond.

The moonrise was spectacular last night.

Ik maakte een foto van de maansopkomst boven de oceaan.

I took a photo of the moonrise over the ocean.


maansopgang

We keken naar de maansopgang vanaf het strand.

De maansopgang is het beste moment voor sommige rituelen.

The moonrise is the best time for some rituals.

Tijdens de maansopgang zat het paar aan het meer.

During the moonrise, the couple sat by the lake.


kunstmaan

kunstmaan f or m (plural kunstmanen, diminutive kunstmaantje n)

kunstmanen (plural)
kunstmaantje (diminutive neuter)

From kunst- (“artificial”) + maan (“moon”). First used in 1958. Compare similarly formed words Hungarian műhold (1958) and Icelandic gervitungl (1955).

In een koffiehoek van het KNMI turen we naar metingen afkomstig van de klimaatsatelliet Ceres, een kunstmaan die nauwgezet bijhoudt hoeveel zonnestraling er boven in de dampkring binnenkomt en hoeveel warmtestraling de aarde weer uitzendt, de ruimte in.

2024 July 23, Volkskrant, archived from the original on 2024-07-23:

In a coffee corner at the KNMI we gaze at measurements from climate satellite Ceres, an artificial satellite which carefully keeps track of how much solar radiation enters the top of the atmosphere and how much heat radiation the earth reflects back into space.


kunststof

kunststof f (plural kunststoffen, diminutive kunststofje n)

kunststoffen (plural)
kunststofje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from German Kunststoff. Equivalent to kunst- + stof.

synthetic material; any material made artificially, through chemical means


zwaarte

From Middle Dutch swâerte, variant of older swâerde. Equivalent to zwaar + -te.


zwaartekracht

Afrikaans: swaartekrag

→ West Frisian: swiertekrêft (calque)

→ Indonesian: gaya berat (calque)

desctree

→ Japanese: 重力 (jūryoku) (calque)
→ Chinese: 重力 (zhònglì)
→ Korean: 중력 (jungnyeok)
→ Vietnamese: trọng lực

Zij liet een hamer uit het raam vallen om de zwaartekracht te testen.

She dropped a hammer from the window in order to test gravity.


ruimtevaart

From ruimte (“space”) + vaart (“travel”).

Ruimtevaart is altijd al een droom van de mens geweest.

Space travel has always been a dream of mankind.

De risico's van ruimtevaart zijn nog steeds hoog, ondanks technologische vooruitgang.

The risks of space travel remain high despite technological advancements.

Bedrijven zoals SpaceX en Blue Origin zijn pioniers in commerciële ruimtevaart.

Companies like SpaceX and Blue Origin are pioneers in commercial space travel.


scheepvaart

From Middle Dutch schipvaert, scheepvaert, from schip (“ship”) + vaert (“travelling”). Equivalent to modern schip + vaart.


verontreiniging

nl-noun

verontreiniging f (plural verontreinigingen, diminutive verontreinigingetje n or verontreiniginkje n)

verontreinigingen (plural)
verontreinigingetje (diminutive neuter)
verontreiniginkje (diminutive neuter)


rederij

rederij f (plural rederijen, diminutive rederijtje n)

rederijen (plural)
rederijtje (diminutive neuter)


reder

reder m (plural reders, diminutive redertje n)

reders (plural)
redertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Danish: reder

→ Norwegian: reder

→ Swedish: redare

From Middle Dutch reder, agent noun from rêden (“to make ready”), from Proto-Germanic *raidijaną. By surface analysis, reden + -er.

shipowner, executive of a shipping business


brouwerij

brouwerij f (plural brouwerijen, diminutive brouwerijtje n)

brouwerijen (plural)
brouwerijtje (diminutive neuter)

/ˌbrɑu̯əˈrɛi̯/

From brouwen (“to brew”) + -erij (“-ery”) or alternatively brouwer (“brewer”) + -ij (“-y”). See also the usage notes at -erij.


brouwer

brouwer m (plural brouwers, diminutive brouwertje n)

brouwers (plural)
brouwertje (diminutive neuter)


milieuverontreiniging

milieuverontreiniging f (plural milieuverontreinigingen, diminutive milieuverontreinigingetje n)

milieuverontreinigingen (plural)
milieuverontreinigingetje (diminutive neuter)

From milieu (“environment”) + verontreiniging (“pollution”).


welvaart

Negerhollands: welvaart

From Middle Dutch welvaert, equivalent to wel + vaart. Compare West Frisian wolfeart, Middle Low German wolvart, German Wohlfart. Compare also Middle Dutch welvare. More at English welfare.


verschijnsel

nl-noun

verschijnsel n (plural verschijnselen or verschijnsels, diminutive verschijnseltje n)

verschijnselen (plural)
verschijnsels (plural)
verschijnseltje (diminutive neuter)


nederlaag

nederlaag f (plural nederlagen, diminutive nederlaagje n)

nederlagen (plural)
nederlaagje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch nederlaghe (15th c.), probably after early modern German Niederlage, from Middle High German niderlāge (“the act of sinking to the ground”). Analysable as neder (“nether, down”) + laag (“layer”), though the latter word is used in the obsolete sense of “act or way of lying” (for which now ligging).


prisma

nl-noun

prisma n (plural prismata or prisma's, diminutive prismaatje n)

prismata (plural)
prisma's (plural)
prismaatje (diminutive neuter)


asbest

→ Indonesian: asbès

→ Papiamentu: asbèst

From Middle Dutch asbeston, from Latin asbestos, from Ancient Greek ἄσβεστος (ásbestos).


congregationalist

congregationalist m (plural congregationalisten)

congregationalisten (plural)
Congregationalist (alternative)

Borrowed from English Congregationalist.


paria

paria m (plural paria's, diminutive pariaatje n)

paria's (plural)
pariaatje (diminutive neuter)


programma

programma n (plural programma's, diminutive programmaatje n)

programma's (plural)
programmaatje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Javanese: programah

→ Indonesian: programa

From Latin programma, from Ancient Greek πρόγραμμα (prógramma). Its usage in the sense of "computer program" is a semantic loan from English program.


opaal

Probably borrowed from French opale, from Latin opalus, from Byzantine Greek ὀπάλλιος (opállios), from Sanskrit उपल (upala).

opal (a mineral consisting, like quartz, of silica, but inferior to quartz in hardness and specific gravity)


opaal

opaal m (plural opalen, diminutive opaaltje n)

opalen (plural)
opaaltje (diminutive neuter)


topaas

topaas m (plural topazen, diminutive topaasje n)

topazen (plural)
topaasje (diminutive neuter)


bolero

bolero m (plural bolero's, diminutive bolerootje n)

bolero's (plural)
bolerootje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: bolero

Borrowed from Spanish bolero. The clothing senses may have been borrowed via French boléro.


claxon

claxon m (plural claxons, diminutive claxonnetje n)

claxons (plural)
claxonnetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: klakson


concept

concept n (plural concepten, diminutive conceptje n)

concepten (plural)
conceptje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: konsep

→ Indonesian: konsep

→ Papiamentu: kònsèpt

Borrowed from Middle French concept, from Latin conceptus.


bami

Borrowed from Hokkien 肉麵 /肉面 (bah-mī) or indirectly via Indonesian bakmi.


bedel

bedel m (plural bedels, diminutive bedeltje n)

bedels (plural)
bedeltje (diminutive neuter)

a charm (small trinket or pendant on a bracelet or necklace)


bedel

From Medieval Latin bidellus, bedellus, pedellus, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *budilaz.

obsolete form of pedel (“beagle, academic usher”)


commies

→ Papiamentu: commies (dated)

→ Indonesian: komis

(historical) merchant in charge of trading negotiations on merchant ships


bacterie

bacterie f (plural bacteriën, diminutive bacterietje n)

bacteriën (plural)
bacterietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Javanese: baktéri (dialectal)

Dutchification of older bacterium, from New Latin bactērium, from Ancient Greek βακτήριον (baktḗrion, “small staff”), from βακτηρία (baktēría).

der

bacterium, any member of the domain Bacteria


wegge

nl-noun

wegge f (plural weggen, diminutive weggetje n)

weggen (plural)
weggetje (diminutive neuter)

Alternative form of wig. From Middle Dutch wegge.

wheat bread, often a special type of bread, with great regional differences in meaning


baken

baken n (plural bakens, diminutive bakentje n)

bakens (plural)
bakentje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch baken, from Old Frisian bāken. Displaced Middle Dutch boken, from Old Dutch *bōkan. Both forms originate from Proto-Germanic *baukną.


analogie

Afrikaans: analogie

→ Indonesian: analogi

Borrowed from French analogie, from Latin analogia, from Ancient Greek [Term?].


informatica

→ Indonesian: informatika

A contraction of informatiemathematica (“information mathematics”), possibly via the cognate French informatique, also cognate with Italian informatica, English informatics, German Informatik etc.

the discipline computer science, information science, informatics, study of computers and computing


baai

baai f (plural baaien, diminutive baaitje n)

baaien (plural)
baaitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: baai

Negerhollands: bai, bay

Directly or ultimately from Middle French baie.


baai

Afrikaans: baai


baai

1870, P. J. van der Noordaa, "Levenslust", in D. F. Tersteeg, Nederland, vol. 1, J. C. Loman (publ.), page 348.
»Ja, een half fleschjen rooie baai van een krachtig merk.”

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(Bargoens, slang, dated) wine (in recent texts only used of red wine, and in earlier texts also of wines from the German Rhineland)


kraai

kraai f (plural kraaien, diminutive kraaitje n)

kraaien (plural)
kraaitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kraai

From Middle Dutch crâye, from Old Dutch *krāia, from Proto-West Germanic *krāā, from Proto-Germanic *krēǭ.

one of certain related birds of the genus Corvus or of the family Corvidae

Corvus corone
Corvus corone#Translingual

(particularly) synonym of zwarte kraai (“carrion crow (Corvus corone)”)

(figuratively) a person dressed in black

(figuratively) an undertaker or undertaker's employee

(figuratively) a blue pennant indicating the presence of a navigation pilot


kraai

From French craie, perhaps from Medieval Latin craiera, itself of Germanic origin, from or related to Frankish *krīg (“strife, war, fight”).


kraaien

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


beertje

diminutive of beer (all senses and etymologies)

Cavia porcellus
Cavia porcellus#Translingual


hooi

Afrikaans: hooi

Jersey Dutch: hôi

→ Papiamentu: hoi

From Middle Dutch hôoi, from Old Dutch *hōi, from Proto-Germanic *hawją.

(obsolete) grass intended to be used as hay, grass to be mown


couveuse

nl-noun

couveuse f (plural couveuses, diminutive couveusetje n)

couveuses (plural)
couveusetje (diminutive neuter)

An incubator, especially for sick or preterm infants.


beschermer

beschermer m (plural beschermers, diminutive beschermertje n, feminine beschermster)

beschermers (plural)
beschermertje (diminutive neuter)
beschermster (feminine)

From Middle Dutch beschermere. Equivalent to beschermen + -er.


verzorger

verzorger m (plural verzorgers, diminutive verzorgertje n)

verzorgers (plural)
verzorgertje (diminutive neuter)


opvoeding

upbringing, education (upbringing in home rather than school education)


rechter

rechter m (plural rechters, diminutive rechtertje n)

rechters (plural)
rechtertje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: rechter, regter

From Middle Dutch rechtere. By surface analysis, rechten (“to judge”) + -er (agent suffix). Compare German Richter.


prooi

nl-noun

prooi f (plural prooien, diminutive prooitje n)

prooien (plural)
prooitje (diminutive neuter)

→ West Frisian: proai

From Middle Dutch prooye, from Old French proie, from Latin praeda.


meeuw

meeuw f (plural meeuwen, diminutive meeuwtje n)

meeuwen (plural)
meeuwtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: meeu

→ Papiamentu: meuchi, meeuwtsje (from the diminutive)

From Middle Dutch mêwe, from Old Dutch *mēo, from Proto-West Germanic *maiwī, from Proto-Germanic *maiwaz.

a seagull, seabird of the family Laridae


kieuw

kieuw f (plural kieuwen, diminutive kieuwtje n)

kieuwen (plural)
kieuwtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kieu

From Middle Dutch kieuwe, from Old Dutch *kiowa, from Proto-West Germanic *keuwā.


voeg

voeg f (plural voegen, diminutive voegje n)

voegen (plural)
voegje (diminutive neuter)


vertakking

vertakking f (plural vertakkingen, diminutive vertakkinkje n)

vertakkingen (plural)
vertakkinkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: vertakking

From vertakken (“to branch off”) + -ing.

branch (something that branches from something else)

branching (the act or state of branching from something else or splitting into branches; space or point where something branches)


overeenkomst

overeenkomst f (plural overeenkomsten, diminutive overeenkomstje n)

overeenkomsten (plural)
overeenkomstje (diminutive neuter)

Er is een opvallende overeenkomst tussen de twee schilderijen.

There is a striking similarity between the two paintings.

De partijen bereikten een akkoord en sloten een overeenkomst over de voorwaarden.

The parties reached an agreement and concluded a contract on the terms.


werknemer

werknemer m (plural werknemers, diminutive werknemertje n, feminine werkneemster)

werknemers (plural)
werknemertje (diminutive neuter)
werkneemster (feminine)

From werk (“work”) + nemen (“to take”) + -er (agentive suffix).

af

De werknemer heeft recht op vakantiedagen.

The employee is entitled to vacation days.

De rechten van de werknemers worden beschermd door de wet.

The rights of the employees are protected by the law.

De nieuwe wet voorziet in betere bescherming voor werkneemsters tijdens zwangerschap.

The new law provides better protection for female employees during pregnancy.


werkgever

nl-noun

werkgever m (plural werkgevers, diminutive werkgevertje n, feminine werkgeefster)

werkgevers (plural)
werkgevertje (diminutive neuter)
werkgeefster (feminine)

Afrikaans: werkgewer

→ Indonesian: pemberi kerja (calque)

Compound of werk (“work”) + gever (“giver”).

Coordinate term: werknemer

De werkgever biedt uitstekende arbeidsvoorwaarden.

The employer offers excellent working conditions.

De werkgevers zijn verantwoordelijk voor de veiligheid van hun werknemers.

The employers are responsible for the safety of their employees.

De werkgever is op zoek naar gemotiveerde medewerkers.

The employer is looking for motivated employees.


engobe

/ˌɑŋˈɣoː.bə/

Borrowed from French engobe, see en-, gober.


insigne

Borrowed from French insigne, from Latin īnsīgne.


touw

touw n (plural touwen, diminutive touwtje n)

touwen (plural)
touwtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: tou

Berbice Creole Dutch: tau

Jersey Dutch: tāu

Negerhollands: toouw, tou, tau

Skepi Creole Dutch: tau

→ Lokono: tau

→? Sranan Tongo: t'tei

→ Lokono: tetei

→ Aukan: tetei

→ Caribbean Hindustani: tatai

→ Warao: táu, táü, tao

From Middle Dutch touwe, from Old Dutch *tou, from Proto-Germanic *tawwą. Cognate with German Tau, West Frisian tou, English tow, Old Norse tó (Norwegian to).

Hang de was op aan het touw.

Ik heb een sterk touw nodig voor deze klus.

Ze bonden de lading vast met touwen.

Het touwtje van mijn schoen is gebroken.

Ze gebruikte een dun touwtje om het cadeau te verpakken.

She used a thin string to wrap the gift.

Ik heb een touwtje nodig om dit label te bevestigen.


kaan

kaan ? (plural [please provide], diminutive [please provide])

(dated) a small boat used on inland waters


stabilisator

stabilisator m (plural stabilisatoren or stabilisators, diminutive stabilisatortje n)

stabilisatoren (plural)
stabilisators (plural)
stabilisatortje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: stabilisator

stabilizer (something that brings stability)


wezen

wezen n (plural wezens, diminutive wezentje n)

wezens (plural)
wezentje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch wēsen, from Old Dutch wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną. See zijn.
The noun represents a substantivization of the verb and is attested as such since as early as c. 1100.

(as the second part of a compound noun) system, sector, institution (in an abstract sense)

Zijn vloek had haar in haar diepste wezen geraakt.

His curse had hit her in her deepest core.

(used absolutely, with definite article or possessive determiner) the essence of something


wezen

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


materialist

materialist (one who believes that only matters exists)

materialist (pursuer of money or possessions)


cao

nl-noun

cao f (plural cao's, diminutive cao'tje n)

cao's (plural)
cao'tje (diminutive neuter)
CAO (alternative)

collective bargaining
collective bargaining

initialism of collectieve arbeidsovereenkomst (collective bargaining)


alkyn

alkyn m (plural alkynen, diminutive alkyntje n)

alkynen (plural)
alkyntje (diminutive neuter)


psychiatrie

→ Indonesian: psikiatri


gepard

Acinonyx jubatus
Acinonyx jubatus#Translingual


akker

akker m (plural akkers, diminutive akkertje n)

akkers (plural)
akkertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: akker

Negerhollands: akker

→ Min Nan: kah

From Middle Dutch acker, from Old Dutch akker, from Proto-West Germanic *akr.

(agriculture) agricultural field (field on which crops are grown)


pols

pols m (plural polsen, diminutive polsje n)

polsen (plural)
polsje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: pols

Negerhollands: poels

→ Papiamentu: pòls, pols

From Middle Dutch pols, from Latin pulsus.


zog

From Middle Dutch soch. Verbal noun related to zuigen.

In het zog van die gebeurtenis


bedrijvende vorm

bedrijvende vorm f (plural bedrijvende vormen, diminutive bedrijvend vormpje n)

bedrijvende vormen (plural)
bedrijvend vormpje (diminutive neuter)


biologie

Afrikaans: biologie

→ Indonesian: biologi

Borrowed from German Biologie, from Ancient Greek βιολογία (biología). This is a compound of βίος (bíos, “life”) and λόγος (lógos, “reason”) with the suffix -ία (-ía) (forms abstracta), equivalent to bio- + -logie.


rui

rui f (plural ruien, diminutive ruitje n or ruiken n)

ruien (plural)
ruitje (diminutive neuter)
ruiken (diminutive neuter)


rui

rui m (plural ruien, diminutive ruitje n or ruiken n)


ratel

ratel f or m (plural ratels, diminutive rateltje n)

ratels (plural)
rateltje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: ratel (dated)

rattle (organ for making noise, such as a rattlesnake's)


ratel

ratel f (plural ratels, diminutive rateltje n)

From Middle Dutch ratele, a compound of râte (“honeycomb”) and -ele. The suffix is ultimately from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz (agent/instrumental/diminutive suffix), and râte (now raat) is ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *hrātu (“honeycomb”), which is probably inherited from Proto-Germanic *hrētō-.

der

Zij zullen meêdoogenloos uitgeplunterd worden ; zelfs de ratels zullen hunne vraatzucht niet ontgaan, zooals gij verder zult zien.

1895, De Mandelbie, volume 1, number 6, page 86:

Honig diende tot voeding en werd als offer in de godsdienstige plechtigheden aangeboden. De oude Kelten, over drie duizend jaren, boden de landelijke godheden een ratel (raat) zeem aan om de zegening der veldvruchten te bekomen.


geeuwen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


geeuw

nl-noun

geeuw m (plural geeuwen, diminutive geeuwtje n)

geeuwen (plural)
geeuwtje (diminutive neuter)


unicum

unicum n (plural unica or unicums, diminutive unicumpje n)

unica (plural)
unicums (plural)
unicumpje (diminutive neuter)


hoorn

hoorn m (plural hoornen or hoorns, diminutive hoorntje n)

hoornen (plural)
hoorns (plural)
hoorntje (diminutive neuter)
horen (alternative)

Afrikaans: horing

desc

Berbice Creole Dutch: hurun, hurunu, hornu

Negerhollands: horn

From Middle Dutch horn, from Old Dutch *horn, from Proto-West Germanic *horn, from Proto-Germanic *hurną, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱer-. Compare also horen, from the same origin.

a horn (growth projecting from the head of some animals)


ravijn

nl-noun

ravijn n (plural ravijnen, diminutive ravijntje n)

ravijnen (plural)
ravijntje (diminutive neuter)


beek

beek f (plural beken, diminutive beekje n)

beken (plural)
beekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: beek

From Middle Dutch bēke, from Old Dutch beki, from Proto-Germanic *bakiz.

brook, creek (running waterway smaller than a river)


afgrond

afgrond m (plural afgronden, diminutive afgrondje n)

afgronden (plural)
afgrondje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: afgrond

From Middle Dutch afgront, from Old Dutch avagrunt. Equivalent to af + grond.


bijl

bijl f (plural bijlen, diminutive bijltje n)

bijlen (plural)
bijltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: byl

Berbice Creole Dutch: bili

Jersey Dutch: bāil

Negerhollands: biel, bil, buil

→ Lokono: barho, baro

→ Fijian: veleko

→ Rotuman: verʻo

→ Sranan Tongo: beiri

From Middle Dutch bile, from Old Dutch and Frankish *billi, *bīal, *bīala, from Proto-Germanic *bilją (“axe”). Compare German Beil.


goot

goot f (plural goten, diminutive gootje n)

goten (plural)
gootje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: goto

Negerhollands: goot

→ Caribbean Javanese: got

→ Indonesian: got

→ Javanese: ꦒꦺꦴꦠ꧀ (got)

→ Papiamentu: het, geut (dated)

→ Sranan Tongo: gotro

→ Caribbean Hindustani: gotoro

→ Caribbean Javanese: gotro

From Middle Dutch gōte, from Old Dutch *gota, from Proto-Germanic *gutō. Cognate with German Gosse.


stikstof

→ Afrikaans: stikstof

→ Indonesian: zat lemas (calque)

desctree

→ Japanese: 窒素 (chisso) (calque)
→ Korean: 질소 (jilso)
→ Min Nan: 窒素 (chek-sò͘, chit-sò͘)

→ West Frisian: stikstof

Borrowing or calque of German Stickstoff, from stikken (“to suffocate”) + stof (“matter”), referring to the fact that an animal placed on pure nitrogen suffocates.


stok

nl-noun

stok m (plural stokken, diminutive stokje n)

stokken (plural)
stokje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: stok

Berbice Creole Dutch: stoko

Negerhollands: stok

→ Indonesian: stok

→ Papiamentu: stòki

From Middle Dutch stoc, from Old Dutch stok, from Frankish *stokk, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz.

Hij liep na dat ongeluk met een stok.

After that accident he walked with a cane.

(card games) deck, stock (set of playing cards)


banga

(slang, derogatory, offensive, Netherlands) slut (promiscuous woman)


geheim

geheim n (plural geheimen, diminutive geheimpje n)

geheimen (plural)
geheimpje (diminutive neuter)


heng

moving leaf of a hinge, affixed to the moving part


brander

brander m (plural branders, diminutive brandertje n)

branders (plural)
brandertje (diminutive neuter)

a receptacle in which a fuel or candle is placed to be burnt

P.C. Hooft, Nederlandsche Historien, Book XXII, in W. Hellinga en P. Tuynman (eds.), Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft, Alle de gedrukte werken, 1611-1738, vol. 5, page 968.
Treslong, hebbende, korts te voore, met den Heere van Warmondt, Ammiraal van Hollandt, en de Scheepshopluiden der vloote by den Doel, zeekeren aanslagh, tot bevryding der Schelde, beraamt, verzocht drie oft vier lichte scheepen van oorlogh, om te dienen tot geleiders aan die van Antwerpen; twintigh schouwen elk met acht roeyers, om volk te landen; drie galeyen, elke van vyftigh voeten kiels, om op de stroom en elders gebruikt te worden; eenighe branders, om 't maaken van 's vyands brug te verhinderen, vier boots die tot Vlissinge laaghen; voorts etlyke bylen, voorhaamers, spaaden, en andre behoeften.


brander

Gedurende een hevigen storm bij het eiland Porto Santo, die o. a. een ten anker liggend schip van zijn ankers had geslagen en in de hevige branders te gronde had doen gaan, kwam eene boot in het midden der baar aanzeilen, koersende naar den wal.


hakken

(slang) a style of dance originating from the Dutch hardcore and gabber scene


hakken

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


calvados

nl-noun

calvados m (plural calvadossen, diminutive calvadosje n)

calvadossen (plural)
calvadosje (diminutive neuter)


narwal

narwal m (plural narwals or narwallen, diminutive narwalletje n)

narwals (plural)
narwallen (plural)
narwalletje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: narwal

Borrowed from Danish narhval. First attested in the 17th century.

Monodon monoceros
Monodon monoceros#Translingual


potvis

potvis m (plural potvissen, diminutive potvisje n)

potvissen (plural)
potvisje (diminutive neuter)
potvisch (alternative obsolete)

Compound of pot (“pot”) + vis (“fish”). The part pot refers to the sperm whale's blunt head due to its melon and spermaceti organ.

Physeter catodon
Physeter catodon#Translingual

Physeter macrocephalus
Physeter macrocephalus#Translingual

sperm whale (Physeter catodon syn. Physeter macrocephalus)

sperm whale, any member of the family Physeteridae, including the above and several prehistoric species


buizerd

buizerd m (plural buizerds, diminutive buizerdje n)

buizerds (plural)
buizerdje (diminutive neuter)

From earlier buysard, buzart, from Middle French busard, from Old French buison, busart, from Latin būteō.

(more broadly) A buzzard, any bird of prey of the genus Buteo.


ervaring

ervaring f (plural ervaringen, diminutive ervarinkje n)

ervaringen (plural)
ervarinkje (diminutive neuter)

→ Sranan Tongo: erfaren

→ Caribbean Javanese: èrvaring

(countable) experience (act of experiencing, something that is experienced)


misdaad

misdaad f (plural misdaden, diminutive misdaadje n)

misdaden (plural)
misdaadje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch misdaet, from Old Dutch *misdād (“misdeed”), from Proto-Germanic *missadēdiz < *missa- (“mis-”) + *dēdiz (“deed, act”). Equivalent to mis- + daad or misdoen (“to misdo”) + -d (“verbal noun”). Cognate with Old Saxon misdād (“misdeed”), German Missetat, West Frisian misdied, English misdeed, Danish misdåd. More at misdeed.


mojito

nl-noun

mojito m (plural mojito's, diminutive mojitootje n)

mojito's (plural)
mojitootje (diminutive neuter)


gordeldier

gordeldier n (plural gordeldieren, diminutive gordeldiertje n)

gordeldieren (plural)
gordeldiertje (diminutive neuter)

From gordel (“belt”) + dier (“animal”), calque of German Gürteltier. First attested in the 1790s.


chimpansee

chimpansee m (plural chimpansees, diminutive chimpanseetje n)

chimpansees (plural)
chimpanseetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: simpansé


boei

boei f (plural boeien, diminutive boeitje n)

boeien (plural)
boeitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: boei

Negerhollands: boei

→ Indonesian: bui (“prison”)

→ Petjo: boei, boewi

→ Papiamentu: bui, boei

→ Sranan Tongo: bui

→ Aukan: bui

From Middle Dutch boeye, from Old French boie (“fetter, chain, clog”), from Latin boia (“(leather) collar, band, fetter”).


gilet

nl-noun

gilet n (plural gilets, diminutive giletje n)

gilets (plural)
giletje (diminutive neuter)


kluis

kluis f (plural kluizen, diminutive kluisje n)

kluizen (plural)
kluisje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kluis

→ West Frisian: klûs

⇒ West Frisian: klûze

→ Indonesian: klés

From Middle Dutch cluse, from Old Dutch *klūsa, from Proto-West Germanic *klūsā.


kompas

kompas n (plural kompassen, diminutive kompasje n)

kompassen (plural)
kompasje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kompas

→ Indonesian: kompas

→ Japanese: コンパス

desc

→ Ainu: コㇺパㇱ

→ Ainu: コㇺパㇱ

Negerhollands: kompos

From Middle Dutch compas (“circle, pair of compasses, compass”), from Old French compas.


gobelin

nl-noun

gobelin m or n (plural gobelins, diminutive gobelintje n)

gobelins (plural)
gobelintje (diminutive neuter)

From the name of Parisian manufacturer Jean Gobelin.

Gobelin, a rich, textured type of hand-stitched tapestry, fit to decorate a wall

a similar industrial fabric, used to cover furniture etc.


sluis

sluis f (plural sluizen, diminutive sluisje n)

sluizen (plural)
sluisje (diminutive neuter)
sluys (alternative)

desctree

→ German: Schleuse
→ Polish: śluza
→ Silesian: szlojsa

→ Sranan Tongo: sroisi

→ Caribbean Hindustani: soroisi

→ Caribbean Javanese: sorsi

From Middle Dutch sluse, from Old Dutch slūsa, from Late Latin exclūsa, sclūsa (“sluice”), from exclūsus, form of exclūdō (“I shut out, I exclude”). Cognate to English sluice.


slurf

nl-noun

slurf f (plural slurven, diminutive slurfje n)

slurven (plural)
slurfje (diminutive neuter)
slurp (alternative archaic dialectal)

→ Papiamentu: slùrf

→ West Frisian: slurf

From slurven (a variant of slurpen (“to slurp”)) via Middle Dutch slorf.

trunk (extended nasal organ of certain animals, like the elephant)

obsolete form of slurp (“slurpy gulp; slurpy noise”)


doodstraffen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


klauw

nl-noun

klauw f (plural klauwen, diminutive klauwtje n)

klauwen (plural)
klauwtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: klou

From Middle Dutch clauwe, from Old Dutch *klawa, from Proto-Germanic *klawō. Compare German Klaue, English claw, Danish klo.


mouw

mouw m or f (plural mouwen, diminutive mouwtje n)

mouwen (plural)
mouwtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mou

Negerhollands: mou

From Middle Dutch mouwe, from Old Dutch *mouwa, *mōwa, from Frankish *mauwa, from Proto-Germanic *mawwō. Cognate with Central Franconian Mau.


spreeuw

spreeuw m or f (plural spreeuwen, diminutive spreeuwtje n)

spreeuwen (plural)
spreeuwtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: spreeu

From Middle Dutch spreeuwe. Related to Saterland Frisian Spräie.

Sturnus vulgaris
Sturnus vulgaris#Translingual

common starling (Sturnus vulgaris, individually or specifically)

starling (passerine bird of the family Sturnidae)


havik

havik m (plural haviken, diminutive havikje n)

haviken (plural)
havikje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hawik

From Middle Dutch havic, from Old Dutch *havuk, from Proto-West Germanic *habuk.
Compare Low German Haavk, German Habicht, West Frisian hauk, English hawk, Swedish hök, Norwegian hauk. The political sense derived from English hawk.

A hawk, a small bird of the family Accipitridae, especially of the genus Accipiter.

Astur gentilis
Astur gentilis#Translingual

(politics) A hawk, someone with aggressive or extreme views in (foreign) politics.


krans

krans m (plural kransen, diminutive kransje n)

kransen (plural)
kransje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: krans

Negerhollands: krants

→ Indonesian: krans

→ Papiamentu: krans, krams

From Middle Dutch crans, from Middle High German kranz, from Old High German kranz, probably altered from krenz, ultimately related to Proto-Germanic *kringaz (“circle, ring”).


pinguïn

nl-noun

pinguïn m (plural pinguïns, diminutive pinguïntje n or pinguïnnetje n)

pinguïns (plural)
pinguïntje (diminutive neuter)
pinguïnnetje (diminutive neuter)
pinguin (alternative)

Afrikaans: pikkewyn

desctree

→ French: pingouin
→ Danish: pingvin
→ Italian: pinguino
→ Persian: پنگوئن (pangu'an)
→ Portuguese: pinguim
→ Romanian: pinguin
→ Spanish: pingüino
→ Swedish: pingvin
→ Turkish: penguen

penguin (a flightless seabird of the order Sphenisciformes)


ijsvogel

nl-noun

ijsvogel m (plural ijsvogels, diminutive ijsvogeltje n)

ijsvogels (plural)
ijsvogeltje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch ijsvōgel. Equivalent to ijs (“ice”) + vogel (“bird”). There is some dispute about the origin of the name, some relate the first element to ijzer (“iron”) instead. Compare German Eisvogel, Icelandic ísfugl.

Alcedo atthis
Alcedo atthis#Translingual

(more broadly) kingfisher, any bird of the Alcedinidae


immigrante

immigrante f (plural immigranten or immigrantes, diminutive immigrantje n, masculine immigrant)

immigranten (plural)
immigrantes (plural)
immigrantje (diminutive neuter)
immigrant (masculine)


hek

hek n (plural hekken, diminutive hekje n)

hekken (plural)
hekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hek

Negerhollands: hek, hekn

→ Papiamentu: hèkchi, hekketsje (from the diminutive)

From Middle Dutch hecke, from Old Dutch *hekka, from Proto-West Germanic *hakkju.

Het hek rond het park is gesloten.

Ze klommen over het hek om de boomgaard binnen te komen.

They climbed over the fence to get into the orchard.

Hij schilderde het hek wit.


gok

gok m (plural gokken, diminutive gokje n)

gokken (plural)
gokje (diminutive neuter)


klem

klem m (plural klemmen, diminutive klemmetje n)

klemmen (plural)
klemmetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: klem

→ Indonesian: klem

→ Papiamentu: klèm

From Middle Dutch clemme. Equivalent to a deverbal from klemmen.


prut

prut f (uncountable, diminutive prutje n)

Onomatopoeic, presumably a metonym from the sound made by a substance or something falling into it. First attested in early modern Dutch. The same in regional German Prütt.

Het is afzien in de Veluwse prut. Kilometers lang. Een uitgeputte marinier stoot dierlijke klanken uit. Langs een modderpad drukt een marinier zich vloekend een keer of tien op. Een instructeur kijkt toe.

2015 December 11, J. Visscher, “Gemakzucht kan marinier duur komen te staan”, in Reformatorisch Dagblad:

any substance with a thick, gooey or almost-solid consistency, such as:

Maagdelijk ijskristal werd grauwe prut.

Virgin ice crystals turned into drab slush.

Gebruikt koffiedik heeft van nature een uitzonderlijk hoog absorptievermogen. Voor hun methaanvangnet hoefden de onderzoekers de prut slechts te mixen met een sodaoplossing en sterk te verhitten.

2015 September 3, Mickey Steijaert, “Koffieprut blijkt prima filter voor broeikasgas”, in de Volkskrant:

grounds (in coffee) or any other thick residue


gehucht

gehucht n (plural gehuchten, diminutive gehuchtje n)

gehuchten (plural)
gehuchtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gehug

From Middle Dutch ghehochte, ghehuchte, from Old Dutch *gihufti. Ultimately a combination of ge- + hof + -te. Compare German Gehöft, which is perhaps of Dutch origin.

1637 January 19, Pieter Corneliszoon Hooft, "861 Aen Zijne Hooghejt", in H.W van Tricht (ed.), De briefwisseling van P.C. Hooft, vol. 2, Tjeenk Willink (publ., 1977), page 914, lines 5 to 8.
[…] De Bijlmer is een gehucht oft gebujrte behoorende, als een lidt van Weesperkerspel, onder 't Castelajnschap van Mujden ende Baljuwschap van Goejlandt, ende paelende aen zeker Meerken genaemt de Bijlmermeer.

[…] The Bijlmer is a hamlet or small community belonging, as a member of Weesperkerspel, under the castellany of Muiden and the bailiwick of Gooiland, and bordering on a certain small lake called the Bijlmermeer.

hamlet; a tiny settlement, often without a church


federalist

Borrowed from English federalist. Equivalent to federaal + -ist.


Short for C4-formulier, C4-document or C4-werkloosheidsbewijs. From the Belgian administrative form "C4".

(Belgium) a document provided by the ex-employer proving dismissal so that the unemployed person can apply for unemployment benefits

(by extension) (Belgium) dismissal (especially in semi-set phrases such as "C4 krijgen" and "C4 geven")


trompet

trompet f (plural trompetten, diminutive trompetje n)

trompetten (plural)
trompetje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: trompeet, trompet

Petjo: slomprèt

→ Caribbean Javanese: slomprèt

From Middle Dutch trompet, from Old French trompette (“trumpet”), diminutive of trompe (“horn, trump, trumpet”), from Frankish *trumpa, *trumba (“trumpet”).
Akin to Old High German trumpa, trumba (“horn, trumpet”), Middle Dutch tromme (“drum”), Middle Low German trumme (“drum”).


anatomie

Afrikaans: anatomie

→ Indonesian: anatomi

From Middle Dutch anatomye, from Latin anatomia, from Ancient Greek *ἀνατομία (*anatomía).


ooi

ooi f (plural ooien, diminutive ooitje n)

ooien (plural)
ooitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ooi

From Middle Dutch ooi, ou, from Old Dutch *ōi, from Proto-West Germanic *awi, from Proto-Germanic *awiz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ówis. Compare German Aue, West Frisian ei, English ewe. Unrelated to ooibos (“riparian forest”).

1988, Het Boek, International Bible Society, Genesis 31:38

I have been with you for twenty years and all the time I took good care of your ewes and goats; so that they brought healthy offspring into the world. I never touched merely a single ram to eat one of them.

Twintig jaar ben ik bij u geweest en al die tijd heb ik goed voor uw ooien en geiten gezorgd, zodat zij gezonde jongen ter wereld brachten. Nooit heb ik ook maar één ram aangeraakt om ervan te eten.


hausse

hausse f (plural hausses, diminutive hausseje n)

hausses (plural)
hausseje (diminutive neuter)


annuel

annuel m (plural annuellen, diminutive annuelletje n)

annuellen (plural)
annuelletje (diminutive neuter)


boulanger

boulanger m (plural boulangers, diminutive boulangertje n)

boulangers (plural)
boulangertje (diminutive neuter)

From French beringène, from Spanish berenjena, from Arabic بَاذِنْجَان (bāḏinjān), from Persian بادنجان (bâdenjân). Compare Antilles French bélangère (“aubergine”) and Antillean Creole bélanjè (“aubergine”). Doublet of aubergine.

der

Arabic بَاذِنْجَان (bāḏinjān)

Vroeger werden allerlei soort groenten opgediend, daarbij wist men nog: het is van mijn eigen grondje. Tegenwoordig alleen boulanger en kouseband en daar zorgt de leverancier in de stad voor.

1937 May 12, “CHATILLON”, in De Surinamer : nieuws- en advertentieblad, page 4:

In the old days, all kinds of vegetables were served, and people still knew: it comes from my own allotment. Nowadays only aubergines and yardlong beans [are served] and the supplier in town takes care of that.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena#Translingual

(Suriname) Solanum melongena; eggplant, aubergine


herder

nl-noun

herder m (plural herders, diminutive herdertje n, feminine herderin)

herders (plural)
herdertje (diminutive neuter)
herderin (feminine)

Negerhollands: herder

→ Papiamentu: herder

From Middle Dutch herder, earlier herde from Proto-Germanic *herdō (“herd”) + agent suffix -e; the agent suffix -er replaced -e when the latter fell in disuse as signifying agency.

a herdsman, herd, herder of a flock of animals


globalist

globalist m (plural globalisten, diminutive globalistje n)

globalisten (plural)
globalistje (diminutive neuter)


volte

turning (of a horse in a circular movement, or in dancing)


klarinet

klarinet f (plural klarinetten, diminutive klarinetje n)

klarinetten (plural)
klarinetje (diminutive neuter)

(music) clarinet (woodwind musical instrument)


plak

plak f (plural plakken, diminutive plakje n)

plakken (plural)
plakje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: plak

→ Papiamentu: plaka

Ik heb een cake gebakken, wil je een plak?

I've baked a cake, would you like a slice?

a slice, rasher (of bacon or cheese), slab (of chocolate)

various disk-shaped objects resembling such a slice


plak

→ Papiamentu: plak


plak

plak f or m (plural plakken, diminutive plakje n)

a ferule, flat solid wooden punitive implement, usually applied on the hand(s)


carbonzuur

Compound of carbon (“carbon”) + zuur (“acid”).


duik

duik m (plural duiken, diminutive duikje n)

duiken (plural)
duikje (diminutive neuter)

(diving) dive, the act of diving into the water


etui

etui n (plural etuis, diminutive etuitje n)

etuis (plural)
etuitje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French étui, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French estui.

an étui; a case or sturdy bag for storing one or more small objects, especially a pencil case


inval

inval m (plural invallen, diminutive invalletje n)

invallen (plural)
invalletje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch inval (“inspiration, sudden idea”); verbal noun to invallen.


hom

nl-noun

hom f (plural hommen, diminutive hommetje n)

hommen (plural)
hommetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: hom (dated)

From Middle Dutch homme, identical to homme (“mold”), of uncertain origin, but probably related to Old Norse húm (“dusky, twilight”), from Proto-Germanic *skim- (“to shine-”), which has been compared to Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to cover”), but according to the Etymologisch Woordenboek this is extremely unlikely.

der

Coordinate term: kuit (“spawn, roe”)


tyfus

Javindo: tifes

From New Latin typhus, from Ancient Greek τῦφος (tûphos, “fever, stupor”).

(pathology) term used for typhus and typhoid fever


smarten

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


achthoek

nl-noun

achthoek m (plural achthoeken, diminutive achthoekje n)

achthoeken (plural)
achthoekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: agthoek


seizoen

seizoen n (plural seizoenen, diminutive seizoentje n)

seizoenen (plural)
seizoentje (diminutive neuter)
saizoen (alternative)

Afrikaans: seisoen

From Middle Dutch saisoene, sysoen, from Old French saison, from Latin satiōnem.

a season, term or period used for a certain activity or when something occurs


schok

schok m (plural schokken, diminutive schokje n)

schokken (plural)
schokje (diminutive neuter)


landman

landman m (plural landmannen, diminutive landmannetje n)

landmannen (plural)
landmannetje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch lantman. Equivalent to land + man.


stengel

stengel m (plural stengels, diminutive stengeltje n)

stengels (plural)
stengeltje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: stèngel

Borrowed from Middle High German stengel, from Old High German stengil, from Proto-West Germanic *stangil, from Proto-Germanic *stangilaz. By surface analysis, stang + -el, with umlaut.


moralist

moralist m (plural moralisten, diminutive moralistje n)

moralisten (plural)
moralistje (diminutive neuter)

Superficially from moraal + -ist; possibly a calque from another language.


monseigneur

monseigneur m (plural monseigneurs, diminutive monseigneurtje n)

monseigneurs (plural)
monseigneurtje (diminutive neuter)


filmmaker

filmmaker m (plural filmmakers, diminutive filmmakertje n)

filmmakers (plural)
filmmakertje (diminutive neuter)


technologie

technologie f (plural technologieën, diminutive technologietje n)

technologieën (plural)
technologietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: tegnologie

→ Indonesian: teknologi

Borrowed from French technologie or English technology, from Ancient Greek τεχνολογία (tekhnología, “systematic treatment (of grammar)”), from τέχνη (tékhnē, “art”) + -λογία (-logía).


couvert

Borrowed from French couvert, from Middle French couvert.


muesli

nl-noun

muesli m (plural muesli's, diminutive mueslietje n)

muesli's (plural)
mueslietje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Alemannic German Müesli, diminutive of Mues (“mashed dish”), cognate to German Mus, Dutch moes, Middle English moose (“stew, pottage”).

Als macrobioot zwoer ik ooit eeuwig trouw / Aan een veel te zwaar onopgemaakte vrouw / Dat bleek een vergis, ons huwelijk liep mis / En nu vreet ik vlees alsof het muesli is

1997, Herman Finkers, “Jagerslied”, in Geen Spatader Veranderd:

As an adherent to macrobiotics, I once swore eternal fidelity / To a woman who made much too heavy nonuse of cosmetics / That turned out to be a mistake, our marriage ended badly / And now I gorge on meat as though it's muesli


fotocamera

fotocamera f (plural fotocamera's, diminutive fotocameraatje n)

fotocamera's (plural)
fotocameraatje (diminutive neuter)


orchis

orchis f (plural orchissen, diminutive orchisje n)

orchissen (plural)
orchisje (diminutive neuter)

Unadapted borrowing from Latin orchis, from Ancient Greek ὄρχις (órkhis).

orchid (plant of the family Orchidaceae)


nasi goreng

→ Papiamentu: nasigóren

Geef mij maar nasi goreng met een gebakken ei / Wat sambal en wat kroepoek en een goed glas bier erbij

1975, “Geef Mij Maar Nasi Goreng”, in Wieteke van Dort (lyrics), Joop Stokkermans (music), Geef Mij Maar Nasi Goreng, performed by Wieteke van Dort:

I'll have fried rice with a fried egg, anytime / Some hot sauce and some prawn crackers and a good glass of beer to go with it


chauvinisme

Borrowed from French chauvinisme. Piecewise doublet of calvinisme.


statica

→ Indonesian: statika


estaminet

estaminet n (plural estaminets, diminutive estaminetje n)

estaminets (plural)
estaminetje (diminutive neuter)


rokken

rokken n or m (plural rokkens, diminutive rokkentje n)

rokkens (plural)
rokkentje (diminutive neuter)
rok (alternative)
rokke (alternative)

Plural and case form of older rokke, from Middle Dutch rocke, from Old Dutch *rocko, from Proto-West Germanic *rokkō, from Proto-Germanic *rukkô.


rokke

rokke n or m (plural rokken, diminutive rokketje n)

rokken (plural)
rokketje (diminutive neuter)


kabinet

kabinet n (plural kabinetten, diminutive kabinetje n)

kabinetten (plural)
kabinetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: kabinet

→ Min Nan: 甲辦 /甲办, 甲角

desc

→ Papiamentu: kabinèt (“wheelhouse”), kabernèchi (“cupboard”) (from the diminutive)

cabinet (national administration, government)

a high official's staff of close collaborators


kapitalist

nl-noun

kapitalist m (plural kapitalisten, diminutive kapitalistje n)

kapitalisten (plural)
kapitalistje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kapitalis

→ Indonesian: kapitalis


mathematica

→? Indonesian: matematika

Borrowed from Latin mathēmatica (“mathematics”), from Ancient Greek μαθηματικός (mathēmatikós, “mathematical”).


fase

nl-noun

fase f (plural fasen or fases, diminutive fasetje n)

fasen (plural)
fases (plural)
fasetje (diminutive neuter)
phase (alternative obsolete)

Afrikaans: fase

→ Indonesian: fase

→ West Frisian: faze

Borrowed from French phase, from Middle French phase, from New Latin phasis, from Ancient Greek φάσις (phásis).


akademie

akademie f (plural akademiën or akademies, diminutive akademietje n)

akademiën (plural)
akademies (plural)
akademietje (diminutive neuter)


automat

automat m or f (plural automatten, diminutive automatje n)

automatten (plural)
automatje (diminutive neuter)


smid

smid m (plural smeden, diminutive smidje n)

smeden (plural)
smidje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: smid

Negerhollands: smid

→ Munsee: shumát

→ Papiamentu: smet, smid

→ Sranan Tongo: smeti, smitti

→ Saramaccan: simítima

→ Unami: shëmìt, shmìt

From Middle Dutch smit, from Old Dutch *smith, from Proto-West Germanic *smiþ, from Proto-Germanic *smiþaz.

the tree frog species Boana faber, whose call resounds like a smith's hammer coming down


kinofilm

→? Sranan Tongo: kino

Onder groote belangstelling - ook de Gouverneur was aanwezig - werd Dinsdag en Donderdag de kinofilm vertoond, voorstellende den zegetocht van Hare Majesteit de Koningin door Limburg en Zeeuwsch Vlaaaderen^([sic – meaning Vlaanderen]) (…).

1919 November 21, “Hr. Ms. zegetocht. [HM's triumphal progress]”, in De West, page 2:

On Tuesday and Thursday, the motion picture depicting the triumphal progress of Her Majesty the Queen through Limburg and Zeelandic Flanders, was screened to great acclaim - the Governor was also present (...).


offerte

offerte f (plural offertes or offerten, diminutive offertetje n)

offertes (plural)
offerten (plural)
offertetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: oferte


kontakt

kontakt n (plural kontakten, diminutive kontaktje n)

kontakten (plural)
kontaktje (diminutive neuter)


alternativo

alternativo m (plural alternativo's, diminutive alternativootje n, feminine alternativa)

alternativo's (plural)
alternativootje (diminutive neuter)
alternativa (feminine)

Either from alternatief + -o or a borrowing, in which case Italian alternativo would be a plausible etymon.

(chiefly Belgium, derogatory) someone who participates in an alternative subculture (e.g. a hipster, emo or punk) and typically has leftist opinions


proband

proband m or f (plural probanden or probandi)

probanden (plural)
probandi (plural)
probandus (alternative)

From international scientific vocabulary, from New Latin, from Latin probandus (“the one to be tested”) (denoting, in this application, the first one tested).

der

(genetics, genealogy) proband (subject of a genealogical study)


triolet

nl-noun

triolet m or f or n (plural trioletten, diminutive trioletje n)

trioletten (plural)
trioletje (diminutive neuter)


korrespondent

korrespondent m (plural korrespondenten, diminutive korrespondentje n, feminine korrespondente)

korrespondenten (plural)
korrespondentje (diminutive neuter)
korrespondente (feminine)


raat

raat f (plural raten, diminutive raatje n)

raten (plural)
raatje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: raat (dated)

From Middle Dutch râte, from Old Dutch rāta, from Frankish *hrātu.


corvee

→ Indonesian: korvé

Borrowed from French corvée, from Middle French corvee, from Old French corvee, from Late Latin conrogāta. Doublet of karwei.

household chores, especially at a camp or barracks


pornografie

Borrowed from French pornographie. Equivalent to pornograaf + -ie.


spion

spion m (plural spionnen, diminutive spionnetje n, feminine spionne)

spionnen (plural)
spionnetje (diminutive neuter)
spionne (feminine)

→ Indonesian: spion

spy, person who secretly gathers information


colonne

colonne f (plural colonnes, diminutive colonnetje n)

colonnes (plural)
colonnetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: kolone

Borrowed from French colonne. Doublet of column and kolom.


demagogie

demagogieën (plural)
demagogiek (alternative)

→ Indonesian: demagogi

Borrowed from French démagogie. Equivalent to demagoog + -ie.


papegaai

papegaai m (plural papegaaien, diminutive papegaaitje n)

papegaaien (plural)
papegaaitje (diminutive neuter)
papagaai (alternative obsolete)
pappegaai (alternative obsolete)
pappegaei (alternative obsolete)
pappegaey (alternative obsolete)
papegaei (alternative obsolete)
papegaey (alternative obsolete)

Afrikaans: papegaai

Berbice Creole Dutch: papkai

→ Aukan: papakai

desctree

→ Russian: попуга́й (popugáj)
→ Ingrian: popugai
→ Veps: popugai
→ Yakut: попугай (popugay)

From Middle Dutch papegay, from Old French papegai, ultimately from Arabic ببغاء, of onomatopoeic origin. Cf. English popinjay.

Men gaf hem, boven dien, waerschynlyk zynen naem van Garrulus, omdat hy, in eene kooi opgevoed, zeer wel leert klappen, gelyk de Pappegaeyen.

1770, Nederlandsche vogelen, part 1, page 2:

[The Eurasian jay] was moreover probably given its name Garrulus as he, when raised in a cage, learns to talk very well, like parrots do.

parrot, member of the order Psittaciformes, especially of the families Psittacidae and Psittaculidae

(figurative) a person who parrots other people

(historical) a bird-shaped target in archery


albe

From Middle Dutch albe, from Latin alba.


laborant

Borrowing from German Laborant, from Latin labōrāns.

lab assistant, somebody who assists in a laboratory


vitamine

nl-noun

vitamine f (plural vitaminen or vitamines, diminutive vitamientje n)

vitaminen (plural)
vitamines (plural)
vitamientje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English vitamine, older form of vitamin.

vitamin (organic compound essential to human health)


klauwier

klauwier m (plural klauwieren, diminutive klauwiertje n)

klauwieren (plural)
klauwiertje (diminutive neuter)

shrike, butcherbird, bird of the family Laniidae


zwaluw

zwaluw f (plural zwaluwen, diminutive zwaluwtje n)

zwaluwen (plural)
zwaluwtje (diminutive neuter)
zwalf (alternative dialectal)
zwavel (alternative dialectal)
zwalver (alternative dialectal)
zwalm (alternative dialectal)

Afrikaans: swael

From Middle Dutch swaluwe, from Old Dutch *swalwa, from Proto-West Germanic *swalwā, from Proto-Germanic *swalwǭ. Cognate with Danish and Norwegian svale, English swallow, German Schwalbe, Swedish svala. Doublet of schwalbe.

In de lente en zomer zie je vaak zwermen zwaluwen die door de lucht vliegen.

In spring and summer, you often see flocks of swallows flying through the air.

a swallow, bird of the family Hirundinidae


delving

From Middle Dutch delvinge. Equivalent to delven + -ing.


homoniem

homoniem n (plural homoniemen, diminutive homoniempje n)

homoniemen (plural)
homoniempje (diminutive neuter)


pul

pul f (plural pullen, diminutive pulletje n)

pullen (plural)
pulletje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: polo

Shortened from ampul. Compare German Pulle (“bottle”).


pul

Cognate with Central Franconian Pöll, Luxembourgish Pëll, both “pullet, young hen”. Plausibly an early borrowing from Latin pulli, plural of pullus; then a doublet of pullus. Alternatively from a birdcall.

(usually diminutive) duckling, or, more broadly, any young bird


proces

proces n (plural processen, diminutive procesje n)

processen (plural)
procesje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: proses

→ Indonesian: proses (“process”)

desc

→ Indonesian: acara (“trial; court exam”) (semantic loan)

→ Papiamentu: proces (dated)

→ West Frisian: proses

From Middle Dutch proces, from Old French procés (“journey”), from Latin processus, past participle of procedo.


spray

spray (liquid commercial product sold in a spray container)


tosti

Borrowed from Italian tosti, from toast, from English toast. First attested in the late 1950s.

Delicious for example for making toasties with ham or cheese (or both)

1959 November 13, "Verwachtingsvolle harten kloppen sneller bij V&D in de Kalverstraat" (advertisement), Parool, page 24. Heerlijk b.v. voor 't maken van tosti met ham of kaas (of beide)

(chiefly Netherlands) a toasted sandwich containing cheese, usually ham and optionally other ingredients and condiments; a toastie


novum

→ Indonesian: novum


biomassa

→ Indonesian: biomassa

biomass (vegetation or other organic matter used as fuel)


formalist

nl-noun

formalist m (plural formalisten, diminutive formalistje n)

formalisten (plural)
formalistje (diminutive neuter)


astrologie

→ Indonesian: astrologi

From Middle Dutch astrologie, from Latin astrologia (“astronomy”), from Ancient Greek ἀστρολογία (astrología, “telling of the stars”), from ἄστρον (ástron, “star, planet, or constellation”) + -λογία (-logía, “treating of”), combination form of -λόγος (-lógos, “one who speaks (in a certain manner)”). Equivalent to astro- + -logie.


farmacie

farmacieën (plural)
pharmacie (alternative)

Borrowed from French pharmacie, from Middle French pharmacie, from Old French farmacie, from Latin pharmacia, from Ancient Greek φαρμακεία (pharmakeía).

(chiefly Belgium) chemist, pharmacy (establishment selling medicine)

pharmacy (cross-discipline of medicine and chemistry)


verloving

nl-noun

verloving f (plural verlovingen, diminutive verlovinkje n)

verlovingen (plural)
verlovinkje (diminutive neuter)

From verloven (“affiance”) + -ing (“-ment”).


genetica

→ Indonesian: genetika

Adapted borrowing from English genetics.


allergie

allergie f (plural allergieën, diminutive allergietje n)

allergieën (plural)
allergietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: alergi

Borrowed from German Allergie, coinage crafted using Ancient Greek ἄλλος (állos, “other”) + ἔργον (érgon, “work, activity”).


stufi

(informal) abbreviation of studiefinanciering


enfant terrible

enfant terrible n (plural enfants terribles)

Unadapted borrowing from French enfant terrible (“terrible child”).


lorgnon

She had beauteous black eyes and hair that was black and polished like ebony, — and her small pale hands were covered with precious rings, — — and — and — I was awe-struck to such a degree, that I let my monocle fall out of my eye at that same moment, (...)

1860, Mark Prager Lindo (as "de oude heer Smits"), "Uittreksels uit het dagboek van wijlen Janus Snor", in De Nederlandsche Spectator, 286. Zij had schitterende zwarte oogen en haar, dat zwart en gepolijst was als ebbenhout, — en hare kleine blanke handjes waren met kostbare ringen bedekt, — — en — en — ik was zóó getroffen, dat ik mijn lorgnon dadelijk uit het oog liet vallen, (...)


agnosticisme

→ Indonesian: agnostisisme


fissa

nl-noun

fissa c (plural fissa's, diminutive fissaatje n)

fissa's (plural)
fissaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Sranan Tongo fesa (“party, celebration”), from Portuguese festa, from Old Galician-Portuguese festa, from Vulgar Latin festa.


larve

nl-noun

larve f (plural larven, diminutive larfje n or larvetje n)

larven (plural)
larfje (diminutive neuter)
larvetje (diminutive neuter)
larf (alternative)

From Latin larva, from Old Latin larua (“demon, spirit of the dead”).

der

grub, larva (juvenile stage of metabolous insects)


utopie

nl-noun

utopie f (plural utopieën, diminutive utopietje n)

utopieën (plural)
utopietje (diminutive neuter)

Utopia, imaginary society in perfect harmony


antenne

antenne f (plural antennes or antennen, diminutive antennetje n)

antennes (plural)
antennen (plural)
antennetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French antenne, possibly from Italian antenna, from Latin antenna.

antenna (feeler organ on the head of an insect)

antenna (device to receive or transmit radio signals)


materie

Negerhollands: materie, matering

→ Indonesian: materi

From Middle Dutch materie, from Old French materie, matiere, from Latin māteria (“matter, stuff, material”).


fotografie

nl-noun

fotografie f (plural fotografieën, diminutive fotografietje n)

fotografieën (plural)
fotografietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: fotografie

→ Indonesian: fotografi

Borrowed, probably from French photographie. Equivalent to foto- + -grafie.


glorie

glorie f (plural glories, diminutive glorietje n)

glories (plural)
glorietje (diminutive neuter)

glory, great beauty, renown or splendour


chirurgie

chirurgie f (plural chirurgies, diminutive chirurgietje n)

chirurgies (plural)
chirurgietje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch cirurgie (“medicine”), from Old French cirurgie, from Medieval Latin cīrurgia, chīrurgia, from Ancient Greek χειρουργία (kheirourgía).


colli

colli n (plural colli's, diminutive collietje n)

colli's (plural)
collietje (diminutive neuter)


operette

Borrowed from German Operette, from Italian operetta.

operetta, comic opera (light-hearted opera with spoken sections)


ecologie

ecologieën (plural)
oecologie (alternative dated)

Borrowed from German Ökologie. Equivalent to eco- + -logie.

(biology) ecology, (the study of) the way species and oher factors interact within a biotope


economie

economie f (plural economieën, diminutive economietje n)

economieën (plural)
economietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ekonomie

→ Indonesian: ekonomi

→ Sranan Tongo: eikownowmi

→ Caribbean Javanese: ékonomi

Possibly from Middle Dutch economie, from Middle French economie, from Latin oeconomia, from Ancient Greek οἰκονομία (oikonomía, “management of a household, administration”), from οἶκος (oîkos, “house”) + νόμος (nómos, “law”). By surface analysis, eco- + -nomie. The first recorded sense of the word economie, found in a work possibly composed in 1440, is “the management of economic affairs”, in this case, of a monastery.

com

In de Republikeinse aanbodeconomie komt economie niet aan bod.

Economics does not feature in Republican supply-side economics.


geografie

→ Indonesian: geografi

Borrowed from French géographie, from Latin geōgraphia, from Ancient Greek γεωγραφία (geōgraphía).

geography (study of physical structure and inhabitants of the Earth)


industrie

nl-noun

industrie f (plural industrieën, diminutive industrietje n)

industrieën (plural)
industrietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: industrie

→ Indonesian: industri

From Middle French industrie, from Latin industria.

an industry, business(es) that produce(s) goods or services


tragedie

tragedie f (plural tragediën or tragedies, diminutive tragedietje n)

tragediën (plural)
tragedies (plural)
tragedietje (diminutive neuter)

From Old French tragedie, from Latin tragoedia, from Ancient Greek τραγῳδία (tragōidía, “epic play, tragedy”), from τράγος (trágos, “male goat”) + ᾠδή (ōidḗ, “song”), a reference to the goat-satyrs of the theatrical plays of the Dorians.


ischemie

From New Latin ischaemia, from Ancient Greek ἴσχαιμος (ískhaimos, “stoppage of blood flow”).

(pathology) ischaemia, ischemia (local anaemia)


regie

nl-noun

regie f (plural regies, diminutive regietje n)

regies (plural)
regietje (diminutive neuter)

production, creative management (of a film, theatre work or other creative work)

(figurative) the management, being in charge


novene

novenen (plural)
novenes (plural)
noveen (alternative)


valuta

→ Indonesian: valuta

De dollar is een veelgebruikte valuta in internationale handel.

The dollar is a commonly used currency in international trade.

currency (money or other item used to facilitate transactions)


fint

fint f (plural finten, diminutive fintje n)

finten (plural)
fintje (diminutive neuter)


tros

tros m (plural trossen, diminutive trosje n)

trossen (plural)
trosje (diminutive neuter)

cluster, bunch, string (of berries) (of fruit)


tros

Borrowed from Middle Low German trosse, from Old French trousse.


autopsie

autopsie f (plural autopsies or autopsieën, diminutive autopsietje n)

autopsies (plural)
autopsieën (plural)
autopsietje (diminutive neuter)

From New Latin autopsia, from Ancient Greek αὐτοψία (autopsía, “seeing with one's own eyes”).


aspirine

nl-noun

aspirine f (plural aspirines, diminutive aspirientje n)

aspirines (plural)
aspirientje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from German Aspirin, from acetylierte Spirsäure (“acetylated salicylic acid”). The second word comes from the name of the plant genus Spiraea.

Zou ik een aspirientje mogen, alstublieft?


ideologie

ideologie f (plural ideologieën, diminutive ideologietje n)

ideologieën (plural)
ideologietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: ideologi


manco

manco n (plural manco's, diminutive mancootje n)

manco's (plural)
mancootje (diminutive neuter)


geologie

Afrikaans: geologie

→ Indonesian: geologi

Borrowed from French géologie or English geology, from Latin geōlogia. Equivalent to geo- + -logie.

geology (academic discipline studying the structure of the earth or other planets)

geology (geological structure of a region)


autonomie

Afrikaans: outonomie

→ Indonesian: otonomi

Borrowed from Latin autonomia, from Ancient Greek αὐτονομία (autonomía).


archeologie

Afrikaans: argeologie

→ Indonesian: arkeologi

Ultimately from Latin archaeologia, from Ancient Greek ἀρχαιολογία (arkhaiología).


filosofie

nl-noun

filosofie f (plural filosofieën, diminutive filosofietje n)

filosofieën (plural)
filosofietje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch philosophie, from Latin philosophia, from Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophía).

De filosofie is een discipline die zich bezighoudt met fundamentele vragen over het bestaan, kennis, waarheid en waarden.

Philosophy is a discipline that deals with fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, truth, and values.

In de cursus leer je over de verschillende stromingen binnen de filosofie en hun invloed op de samenleving.

In the course, you will learn about the various currents within philosophy and their influence on society.

Hij heeft een diepe interesse in oosterse filosofieën en hun spirituele aspecten.

He has a deep interest in Eastern philosophies and their spiritual aspects.

Het boek behandelt de geschiedenis van de filosofie van de oudheid tot heden.

The book covers the history of philosophy from antiquity to the present.


categorie

categorie f (plural categorieën, diminutive categorietje n)

categorieën (plural)
categorietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kategorie

→ Indonesian: kategori

Borrowed from French catégorie, from Latin catēgoria, from Ancient Greek κατηγορία (katēgoría).


autostrade

autostrade f (plural autostrades or autostraden, diminutive autostradeke n or autostradetje n)

autostrades (plural)
autostraden (plural)
autostradeke (diminutive neuter)
autostradetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French autostrade, from Italian autostrada.


assemblee

Borrowed from French assemblée, from Middle French assemblee.

assembly, council (legislative or executive body)


morfologie

→ Indonesian: morfologi

(linguistics, geology, biology) morphology


tetralogie

tetralogy ((book) series consisting of four parts)


tetrarchie

tetrarchie f (plural tetrarchieën, diminutive tetrarchietje n)

tetrarchieën (plural)
tetrarchietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: tetrarki

From Middle Dutch tetrarchie, from Old French tetrarchie, from Latin tetrarchia, from Ancient Greek τετραρχίᾱ (tetrarkhíā).


compagnie

compagnie f (plural compagnies or compagnieën, diminutive compagnietje n)

compagnies (plural)
compagnieën (plural)
compagnietje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: kompanie

Petjo: compies, kompeni, kompenie

→ Caribbean Javanese: kompeni

desc

→ Indonesian: kompeni (“Dutch East India Company, Dutch colonial government”)

→ Indonesian: kompi (“company (millitary)”)

→ Hokkien: 公班衙 (kong-pan-gêe)

From Middle Dutch compangie, borrowed from Old French compagnie, derived in turn from Vulgar Latin *compania, from Late Latin compāniō, from Latin cum (“with”) + pānis (“bread”). See also compagnon and kompaan.

(military) a sub-division of a battalion


periferie

nl-noun

periferie f (plural periferieën, diminutive periferietje n)

periferieën (plural)
periferietje (diminutive neuter)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek περιφέρεια (periphéreia). By surface analysis, perifeer + -ie.


particulier

particulier m or f (plural particulieren, diminutive particuliertje n)

particulieren (plural)
particuliertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: partikulier

→ Indonesian: partikelir

→ Javanese: ꦥꦂꦠꦶꦏꦼꦭꦶꦂ (partikelir)

→ Petjo: partiklier

→ Peranakan Indonesian: particulier

From Middle Dutch particulier, from Middle French particulier, from Old French particuler, from Latin particulāris.


demografie

→ Indonesian: démografi

Borrowed from French démographie, from Ancient Greek δῆμογραφία (dêmographía).


biografie

biografie f (plural biografieën, diminutive biografietje n)

biografieën (plural)
biografietje (diminutive neuter)
biographie (alternative)

Afrikaans: biografie

→ Indonesian: biografi

Probably borrowed from French biographie.


entropie

In de thermodynamica wordt entropie vaak geassocieerd met de mate van wanorde.

In thermodynamics, entropy is often associated with the degree of disorder.

De entropie van een geïsoleerd systeem neemt altijd toe.

The entropy of an isolated system always increases.

Om de totale entropie te berekenen, moeten we rekening houden met alle microtoestanden.

To calculate the total entropy, we must take into account all the microstates.

(physics) entropy (quantity indicating the number of possible microstates)


entomologie

→ Indonesian: entomologi

Borrowed from French entomologie, from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (éntomon, “insect”) + -logie (from Ancient Greek -λογία (-logía, “-logy”)).


ironie

nl-noun

ironie f (plural ironieën, diminutive ironietje n)

ironieën (plural)
ironietje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French ironie, Latin īrōnīa.


diarree

→ Indonesian: diare

Borrowed from French diarrhée, from Middle French diarrie, from Latin diarrhoea, from Ancient Greek διάρροια (diárrhoia, “a flowing-through; diarrhea”).

der

Het 'burning feet'-syndroom dat na langdurige slechte voeding, gecombineerd met absorptiestoornissen door frequente diarreeën, veel werd waargenomen bij krijgsgevangenen in de tropen wordt o.a. toegeschreven aan pantotheenzuurdeficiëntie in combinatie met marginale voorziening van andere B-vitamines.

1994, J.F. de Wijn, W.T.J.M. Hekkens, Fysiologie van de voeding, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, page 354:

The 'burning feet' syndrome that was, after continuous malnutrition combined with absorption disorders due to frequent diarrheas, often observed with prisoners of war in the tropics is ascribed to, among others, deficiency in pantothenic acid combined with marginal supply of other B-vitamins.


monogamie

Afrikaans: monogamie

Probably borrowed from French monogamie.

monogamy, marriage with only one partner at a time

(zoology) monogamy, the practice of having only one partner at a time


dermatologie

Probably borrowed from German or French.


fotografe

nl-noun

fotografe f (plural fotografen or fotografes)


cardiologie

→ Indonesian: kardiologi


oncologie

oncologie f (plural oncologieën or oncologies, diminutive oncologietje n)

oncologieën (plural)
oncologies (plural)
oncologietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: onkologi

Borrowed. Ultimately from Ancient Greek ὄγκος (ónkos, “mass, bulk”) + -logie.

der

oncology (study of cancer; therapy against cancer)


circumfix

nl-noun

circumfix n (plural circumfixen, diminutive circumfixje n)

circumfixen (plural)
circumfixje (diminutive neuter)


kamfer

→ Caribbean Hindustani: kapur

→ Indonesian: kamper

→ Papiamentu: kanfer


tonsillectomie

tonsillectomie f (plural tonsillectomieën, diminutive tonsillectomietje n)

tonsillectomieën (plural)
tonsillectomietje (diminutive neuter)


regio

regio f (plural regio's or regionen, diminutive regiootje n)

regio's (plural)
regionen (plural)
regiootje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: regio


baret

baret f (plural baretten, diminutive baretje n)

baretten (plural)
baretje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: baret

→ Indonesian: baret

From Middle French barrete, from dialectal Italian baretta.

a beret, type of cap, also used as part some military uniforms


fiasco

fiasco n (plural fiasco's, diminutive fiascootje n)

fiasco's (plural)
fiascootje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: fiasko

Borrowed from French fiasco, from Italian fiasco


ouders

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


zink

Afrikaans: sink

→ Caribbean Javanese: sèng

→ Indonesian: seng
→ Ternate: seng


aritmetica

From Old French arismetique, from Latin arithmetica, from Ancient Greek ἀριθμητική (τέχνη) (arithmētikḗ (tékhnē), “(art of) counting”), feminine of ἀριθμητικός (arithmētikós, “arithmetical”), from ἀριθμός (arithmós, “number, counting”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ri-dʰh₁-mó-s, form of *h₂rey- (“to count, reason”).

der

ἀριθμητική (τέχνη)


fotocopie

nl-noun

fotocopie f (plural fotocopieën, diminutive fotocopietje n)

fotocopieën (plural)
fotocopietje (diminutive neuter)


ypsilon

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὖ ψιλόν (û psilón).


diabetica

diabetica f (plural diabeticae or diabetica's)

diabeticae (plural)
diabetica's (plural)

From diabetes + -ica or borrowed from medical Latin.


invalide

invalide m or f (plural invaliden, diminutive invalidetje n)

invaliden (plural)
invalidetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: invalide

Borrowed from French invalide, from Latin invalidus.

a disabled or handicapped person, an invalid


passiva

→ Indonesian: pasiva


rotonde

rotonde f (plural rotondes or rotonden, diminutive rotondetje n)

rotondes (plural)
rotonden (plural)
rotondetje (diminutive neuter)
rontonde (alternative misconstruction)

→ Papiamentu: rotònde

Borrowed from French rotonde, from Italian rotonda, from Latin rotondus.

a roundabout (road junction at which traffic streams circularly around a central island)

(obsolete) a sleeveless coat worn by women


sani

Maar nu heb ik die sani's in mijn onderbroek


atlete

atlete f (plural atletes, diminutive atletetje n)

atletes (plural)
atletetje (diminutive neuter)


autoradio

autoradio m (plural autoradio's, diminutive autoradiootje n)

autoradio's (plural)
autoradiootje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of auto (“car”) + radio (“radio, tuner”).


epidemie

epidemie f (plural epidemieën or epidemies, diminutive epidemietje n)

epidemieën (plural)
epidemies (plural)
epidemietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: epidemi (“epidemic”)

From Middle Dutch [Term?], from Latin epidemia, from Ancient Greek ἐπιδήμιος (epidḗmios), from ἐπί (epí, “upon”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “people”).


triller

triller m (plural trillers, diminutive trillertje n)

trillers (plural)
trillertje (diminutive neuter)


presenning

presenning f (plural presenningen, diminutive presenninkje n)

presenningen (plural)
presenninkje (diminutive neuter)

Norwegian: presenning

Polish: brezent

Russian: брезент (brezent)

Swedish: presenning

Most likely from Portuguese percinta, ultimately from Latin praecingo.


luit

luit f (plural luiten, diminutive luitje n)

luiten (plural)
luitje (diminutive neuter)


luit

luit m (plural luiten, diminutive luitje n)

Short for luitenant (“lieutenant”), from French lieutenant (“lieutenant”).


lori

lori m (plural lori's, diminutive lorietje n)

lori's (plural)
lorietje (diminutive neuter)

a lory, fig parrot, used for certain parrots of the subfamily Loriinae


lori

Borrowed from French loris, probably from Dutch loeris (“fool, simpleton”).

a loris, a primate of the subfamily Lorisinae


cabo

cabo m (plural cabo's, diminutive cabootje n)

cabo's (plural)
cabootje (diminutive neuter)

alternative letter-case form of Cabo (“Cape Verdean person”)


zambo

Borrowed from Spanish zambo (which see), of uncertain etymology.

Zambo, Afro-Indian, someone of half African and half indigenous American parentage


necrose

necrose f (plural necroses, diminutive necrosetje n)

necroses (plural)
necrosetje (diminutive neuter)
nekrose (alternative)

Ultimately from Latin necrōsis, from Ancient Greek νέκρωσις (nékrōsis).

necrosis, localized death of cells or living tissue


malacologie

Internationalism, contains the suffix -logie.


black metal

(music) black metal (extreme-metal genre)


chirurg

chirurg m (plural chirurgen, diminutive chirurgje n)

chirurgen (plural)
chirurgje (diminutive neuter)
chirurgus (alternative obsolete)

Afrikaans: chirurg

Borrowed from German Chirurg, from Latin chīrūrgus (“surgeon”).


logica

→ Indonesian: logika

From Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”), from the feminine form of λογικός (logikós, “of or pertaining to speech or reason or reasoning, rational, reasonable”), from λόγος (lógos, “speech, reason”).


aja

aja f (plural aja's, diminutive ajaatje n)

aja's (plural)
ajaatje (diminutive neuter)


coaching

Borrowed from English coaching, equivalent to coachen + -ing.

Toch slagen de Genkse scholen erin om met een gerichte coaching startende leerkrachten te begeleiden en perspectief te bieden binnen het onderwijs.

Nevertheless, the Genk schools manage to guide starting teachers with targeted coaching and offer prospects within education.


bevelen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


gebouw

nl-noun

gebouw n (plural gebouwen, diminutive gebouwtje n)

gebouwen (plural)
gebouwtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gebou

Negerhollands: gebow

De gebouwen van een stad.


koninkrijk

koninkrijk n (plural koninkrijken, diminutive koninkrijkje n)

koninkrijken (plural)
koninkrijkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: koninkryk

Negerhollands: koningriek, kooningrik

From Middle Dutch koninkrike, from Old Dutch *kuningrīki, from Proto-West Germanic *kuningarīkī, from Proto-Germanic *kuningarīkiją. Equivalent to koning + rijk. Compare German Königreich, Danish kongerige.

(Netherlands, Antilles, in compounds) relating to the quasi-federal structure of the Kingdom of the Netherlands; relating to matters pertaining all the constituent countries of that kingdom


kapper

kapper m (plural kappers, diminutive kappertje n, feminine kapster)

kappers (plural)
kappertje (diminutive neuter)
kapster (feminine)

From kappen (“to cut or dress hair”) + -er.


kapper

kapper m (plural kappers, diminutive kappertje n)

kappers (plural)
kappertje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Italian cappero, from Latin capparis, from Ancient Greek κάππαρις (kápparis).

Capparis spinosa
Capparis spinosa#Translingual


nomade

nomade m or f (plural nomaden, diminutive nomadetje n)

nomaden (plural)
nomadetje (diminutive neuter)


felicitatie

felicitatie f (plural felicitaties, diminutive felicitatietje n)

felicitaties (plural)
felicitatietje (diminutive neuter)


bagger

Afrikaans: bagger

From Middle Dutch baggaerds, of uncertain origin, but possibly a late Indo-European substrate borrowing shared with Proto-Slavic *bagno (“silt, peat, mud”).

De varkens wroeten in de bagger.

filth, muck, any mucky or dirty substance (such as dredge)

Wat voor bagger heb je nou gekocht?

What kind of crap did you buy this time?

(slang) junk, crap, stuff (substandard objects)


rugzak

rugzak m (plural rugzakken, diminutive rugzakje n)

rugzakken (plural)
rugzakje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: rugsak

→ West Frisian: rêchsek (calque)

From rug (“back”) + zak (“sack”), calque of German Rucksack, originating from Swiss German. The figurative sense refers to the notion of trauma or issues as things one carries with oneself during life.

Kinderen met een rugzakje krijgen extra begeleiding.

Children with issues receive extra guidance.

(figurative, often as diminutive) a troubled private life (past or present)


dries

From Middle Dutch driesch (“fallow”). Cognate with German Driesch. More distantly related to Latin terere (“rub”), Russian тереть (teretʹ, “rub”).


substantief

→ Indonesian: substantif


adjectief

adjectief n (plural adjectieven, diminutive adjectiefje n)

adjectieven (plural)
adjectiefje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Middle French adjectif, from Latin adiectīvus.


sos

sos m (plural sossen, diminutive sosje n, feminine sosse)

sossen (plural)
sosje (diminutive neuter)
sosse (feminine)


rekel

rekel m (plural rekels, diminutive rekeltje n)

rekels (plural)
rekeltje (diminutive neuter)

male of a canine species, notably dog, fox or wolf


collaborateur

collaborateur m (plural collaborateurs, diminutive collaborateurtje n)

collaborateurs (plural)
collaborateurtje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: kolaborator

Borrowed from French collaborateur. The word became the primary label for Nazi collaborators during the Second World War and has been extremely pejorative ever since.

(derogatory) one who collaborates or has collaborated with the Nazis, fascists or another enemy; traitorous collaborator

(dated) a collaborator, one who cooperates on a certain work


retorica

→ Indonesian: rétorika (“rhetoric”)

From Latin rhētorica, from Ancient Greek ῥητορική (rhētorikḗ), feminine form of ῥητορικός (rhētorikós, “concerning public speech”), from ῥήτωρ (rhḗtōr, “public speaker”). retor + -ica.

De retorica van het pleidooi van de advocaat was niet helemaal duidelijk.

The line of reasoning in the lawyer's plea was not entirely clear.

(by extension) the particular angle or line of reasoning adopted in a text, speech, or narrative in order to convince the audience of a given viewpoint


maina

maina c (plural maina's, diminutive mainaatje n)

maina's (plural)
mainaatje (diminutive neuter)

From Hindi मैना (mainā) / Urdu مینا (mainā).


springer

springer m (plural springers, diminutive springertje n)

springers (plural)
springertje (diminutive neuter)


liturgie

liturgie f (plural liturgieën, diminutive liturgietje n)

liturgieën (plural)
liturgietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: liturgi

Borrowed from Latin līturgia, from Ancient Greek λειτουργία (leitourgía, “work in public”).

der

Paus Gregorius de Grote deed veel voor de uniformizering van de Katholieke liturgie, inclusief het verplicht gebruik van Latijnse teksen

Pope Gregory the Great did a lot to uniformize the Catholic liturgy, including the obligatory use of Latin texts

a liturgy, predetermined or prescribed set of (religious) rituals and associated customs, attributes etc.

a liturgy, a booklet with details about the songs sung and texts read in a mass or other religious service

a liturgy, Ancient Greek service to the public interest


buit

Afrikaans: buit

→ West Frisian: bût, bút

16th century, borrowed from Middle Low German büte, whence also German Beute and eventually all other related forms. Of uncertain ultimate origin; possibly a Celtic borrowing, from Proto-Celtic *boudi (“victory, booty, spoils”). If so, related to the name of Boudica, a British Celtic queen.

buyt (alternative archaic)
buet (alternative archaic)

the spoil, booty taken by violence, as in war


melodie

nl-noun

melodie f (plural melodieën, diminutive melodietje n)

melodieën (plural)
melodietje (diminutive neuter)
melodij (alternative obsolete)

Afrikaans: melodie

From Middle Dutch melodie, from Old French melodie, from Latin melōdia.

1996, Dennis (Dennis Erhardt), "Gewoon een vrolijk liedje".
Dit is een vrolijk liedje / Doe mij maar na / Een lekker melodietje, tralalala / We doen het met z'n allen / Doe mij maar maar na / Lekker effe lallen, shalalala.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

melody (sequence of notes that makes up a major musical phrase)


apokoinou

From Ancient Greek ἀπό (apó) + κοινός (koinós, “in common”).


metta

Coordinate term: goedertierenheid

the Buddhist practice of lovingkindness towards others; maitrī or metta


bediende

bediende m or f (plural bedienden or bediendes, diminutive bediendetje n)

bedienden (plural)
bediendes (plural)
bediendetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bediende

Negerhollands: bedienten

desc

→ Caribbean Javanese: bedinde, bedhindhe

→ Indonesian: bedinde

Inflected form of bediend, calque of German Bedienter.

servant, low-ranking employee (any gender)


bediende

nl-noun

bediende f (plural bediendes, diminutive bediendetje n)

bediendes (plural)
bediendetje (diminutive neuter)


werktuig

werktuig n (plural werktuigen, diminutive werktuigje n)

werktuigen (plural)
werktuigje (diminutive neuter)


toestel

toestel n (plural toestellen, diminutive toestelletje n)

toestellen (plural)
toestelletje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: toestel

→ Indonesian: tustel

Deverbal from toestellen (“to provide, to ready”).

deverbal

(obsolete, collective) paraphernalia, miscellanea


bestelling

nl-noun

bestelling f (plural bestellingen, diminutive bestellinkje n)

bestellingen (plural)
bestellinkje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: bestelling

From bestellen (“to order”) + -ing (“-ing, -ance, -tion”).

suffix

een bestelling plaatsen

order (request for some product or service; a commission to purchase, sell, or supply goods)


bamboe

nl-noun

bamboe n (plural bamboes, diminutive bamboetje n)

bamboes (plural)
bamboetje (diminutive neuter)
bamboes (alternative archaic)

Afrikaans: bamboes (via the archaic bamboes)

→? Akan: mpampuro (Twi, possibly from Portuguese)

→ Lokono: bamboesji (via the archaic bamboes)

→ English: bamboo (see there for further descendants)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: bambus, Norwegian Nynorsk: bambus (via the archaic bamboes)

→ Russian: бамбу́к (bambúk) (or English bamboo or French bambou) (see there for further descendants)

→ Sranan Tongo: bambusi (via the archaic bamboes), bambu, bamboesoe

Etymology tree
Proto-Dravidian *wēmpu
Tamil வேம்பு (vēmpu)bor.
Proto-Dravidian *wēmpu
Kannada ಬಂಬು (bambu)bor.
Malay bambubor.
Portuguese bambubor.
Dutch bamboe
Borrowed from Portuguese bambu, from Malay bambu, from Kannada ಬಂಬು (bambu).


bloeien

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


on.ww.

abbreviation of onovergankelijk werkwoord


klerk

nl-noun

klerk m (plural klerken, diminutive klerkje n)

klerken (plural)
klerkje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: klerek

→ Papiamentu: klerk (dated)

From Late Latin clēricus (“a priest, clergyman, cleric, also generally a learned man, clerk”), from Ancient Greek κληρικός (klērikós, “(adj. in church jargon) of the clergy”), from κλῆρος (klêros, “lot, inheritance,” originally “a shard used in casting lots”).


indeling

nl-noun

indeling f (plural indelingen, diminutive indelinkje n)

indelingen (plural)
indelinkje (diminutive neuter)

suffix

stem of <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">indelen</i>


beving

nl-noun

beving f (plural bevingen, diminutive bevinkje n)

bevingen (plural)
bevinkje (diminutive neuter)

From beven (“shake, tremble, shiver”) + -ing.


inslag

inslag m (plural inslagen, diminutive inslagje n)

inslagen (plural)
inslagje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch inslach. Equivalent to a derivation from in + slag and inslaan.

(weaving) woof, weft – which is woven crosswise through the warp


sterkte

From Middle Dutch stercte, sterkede, from Old Dutch *sterkitha, from Proto-West Germanic *starkiþu. By surface analysis, sterk + -te.

(optics) optical power, refractive power


zijde

Afrikaans: sye, sy

Negerhollands: sie, śi

From Middle Dutch side, from Old Dutch sīda, from Proto-West Germanic *sīdā, from Proto-Germanic *sīdǭ.


zijde

Afrikaans: sy

Negerhollands: sie

From Middle Dutch side, from Old Dutch *sīda, from Latin saeta.


vennootschap

vennootschap f (plural vennootschappen, diminutive vennootschapje n)

vennootschappen (plural)
vennootschapje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: vennootskap

From Middle Dutch vennootschap. Equivalent to vennoot (“partner”) + -schap (“-ship”).


vennoot

vennoot m (plural vennoten, diminutive vennootje n)

vennoten (plural)
vennootje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch venoot, equivalent to veem (“(storage) company”) + genoot (“companion, partner”). The first element is probably related to veeg and vete.


naamloze vennootschap

nl-noun

naamloze vennootschap f (plural naamloze vennootschappen, diminutive naamloos vennootschapje n)

naamloze vennootschappen (plural)
naamloos vennootschapje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: naamloze vennootschap

public limited company
public limited company

(law) public limited company, corporation


N.V.

N.V. f (plural N.V.'s, diminutive N.V.'tje n)

N.V.'s (plural)
N.V.'tje (diminutive neuter)

naamloze vennootschap
naamloze vennootschap#Dutch


schelp

schelp f or m (plural schelpen, diminutive schelpje n)

schelpen (plural)
schelpje (diminutive neuter)
schulp (alternative)

Negerhollands: skel

desc

→ Sranan Tongo: skropu, skorpoe, sikropoe

→ Caribbean Javanese: sekropu

From Middle Dutch schelpe, from Old Dutch *skella, Proto-West Germanic *skallju, from Proto-Germanic *skaljō (“shell”).


zeeschelp

nl-noun

zeeschelp f (plural zeeschelpen, diminutive zeeschelpje n)

zeeschelpen (plural)
zeeschelpje (diminutive neuter)


hartschelp

hartschelp f (plural hartschelpen, diminutive hartschelpje n)

hartschelpen (plural)
hartschelpje (diminutive neuter)


kokkel

kokkel m (plural kokkels, diminutive kokkeltje n)

kokkels (plural)
kokkeltje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch cockille (“shell”) and English cockle, both from French coquille (“shell”), from Latin conchula (“little shell”), the diminutive of Latin concha (“mussel; oyster”), from Ancient Greek κόγχη (kónkhē, “konkhē”).
The word is attested in modern Dutch in West-Flanders with indications that it descended from Middle Dutch cockille, but its meaning was wider ("shell" rather than "cockle") and most usage of the word outside of that province seems to be more recent, and is probably a borrowing from English.


schelpdier

schelpdier n (plural schelpdieren, diminutive schelpdiertje n)

schelpdieren (plural)
schelpdiertje (diminutive neuter)
schulpdier (alternative dated)

Afrikaans: skulpdier

→ West Frisian: skulpdier (calque)


Française

Française f (plural Françaises, masculine Fransman)

Françaises (plural)
Fransman (masculine)


Maltees

Maltees m (plural Maltezen, diminutive Malteesje n, feminine Maltese)

Maltezen (plural)
Malteesje (diminutive neuter)
Maltese (feminine)


Portugees

Portugees m (plural Portugezen, diminutive Portugeesje n, feminine Portugese)

Portugezen (plural)
Portugeesje (diminutive neuter)
Portugese (feminine)


doods

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


kolos

nl-noun

kolos m (plural kolossen, diminutive kolosje n)

kolossen (plural)
kolosje (diminutive neuter)

Probably borrowed from Middle French colosse or otherwise directly from Latin colossus, from Ancient Greek κολοσσός (kolossós).


diepte

Afrikaans: diepte

Negerhollands: diepte

From Middle Dutch diepde, diepte, from Old Dutch diopitha, from Proto-Germanic *diupiþō, from *deupaz (“deep”). Equivalent to diep + -te.

De diepte van het meer is onbekend.

(generally, uncountable) depth (quality of being deep)

In de diepten van de oceaan leven vreemde wezens.

Strange creatures live in the depths of the ocean.

Hij keek in de diepte van de afgrond.


enquête

enquête f (plural enquêtes, diminutive enquêtetje n)

enquêtes (plural)
enquêtetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: angket

/ˌɑŋˈkɛː.tə/

Borrowed from French enquête, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French enqueste. Displaced older enqueste, from Old French.

survey (set of questions about opinions)

investigation (e.g. a congressional investigation)


varaan

varaan m (plural varanen, diminutive varaantje n)

varanen (plural)
varaantje (diminutive neuter)

From Arabic وَرَل (waral), cognate with German Waran, French varan.

the monitor lizard, a lizard of the genus Varanus


luchtvaartmaatschappij

luchtvaartmaatschappij f (plural luchtvaartmaatschappijen, diminutive luchtvaartmaatschappijtje n)

luchtvaartmaatschappijen (plural)
luchtvaartmaatschappijtje (diminutive neuter)

desc

→ Indonesian: maskapai penerbangan, maskapai (calque)


Rus

nl-noun

Rus m (plural Russen, diminutive Rusje n, feminine Russin)

Russen (plural)
Rusje (diminutive neuter)
Russin (feminine)


joet

joet m (plural joeten, diminutive joetje n)

joeten (plural)
joetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Yiddish י (yud, “yod (tenth letter of the alphabet)”), from Hebrew י.

bor

(Netherlands, chiefly Amsterdam, informal) tenner, banknote of ten monetary units (usually guilders or euros)


koet

nl-noun

koet m (plural koeten, diminutive koetje n)

koeten (plural)
koetje (diminutive neuter)

(particularly) synonym of meerkoet (“Eurasian coot, Fulica atra”)


koot

koot f (plural koten, diminutive kootje n)

koten (plural)
kootje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: koot

→ Papiamentu: koot (dated)

→ West Frisian: koat

From Middle Dutch cote, from Proto-Germanic *kutō-, related to *kautōn- (“knuckle”), of unknown ultimate origin, with no certain cognates outside of Germanic. However, compare kuil (“hole in the ground”) and keutel (“hard animal dropping”), though Kroonen considers comparisons with the latter a stretch.


noen

From Middle Dutch none, noene, from Latin (hōra) nōna (“ninth hour”).


noen

noen m (plural noens or noenen, diminutive noentje n)

noens (plural)
noenen (plural)
noentje (diminutive neuter)
nun (alternative)

From Hebrew נוּ״ן (nun), Arabic نُون (nūn).


pipo

pipo m (plural pipo's, diminutive pipootje n)

pipo's (plural)
pipootje (diminutive neuter)


assistente

assistente f (plural assistentes, diminutive assistentetje n)

assistentes (plural)
assistentetje (diminutive neuter)


reet

reet f (plural reten, diminutive reetje n)

reten (plural)
reetje (diminutive neuter)
m (sometimes)

From Middle Dutch rete. Equivalent to a deverbal from rijten (“to rip (up)”).

De kat krabde reten in het behang.

The cat tore up the wallpaper to shreds.

a ripped-up spot, tear; cleft, crack, crevice

(by extension, vulgar) (in geen reet nothing at all) nothing


filologie

From Latin philologia, either directly or by way of French philologie.


zweren

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


snede

snede f (plural sneden or snedes, diminutive snedetje n)

sneden (plural)
snedes (plural)
snedetje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch snede. See the verb snijden (“to cut”).


graaf

graaf m (plural graven, diminutive graafje n, feminine gravin)

graven (plural)
graafje (diminutive neuter)
gravin (feminine)

Negerhollands: grave

From Middle Dutch grâve, from Old Dutch grāvo, from Proto-West Germanic *garāfijō.


graaf

graaf m (plural grafen, diminutive graafje n)

grafen (plural)
graafje (diminutive neuter)


spie

spie f (plural spieën, diminutive spietje n)

spieën (plural)
spietje (diminutive neuter)


galerie

galerie f (plural galerieën or galeries, diminutive galerietje n)

galerieën (plural)
galeries (plural)
galerietje (diminutive neuter)


religie

religie f (plural religies, diminutive religietje n)

religies (plural)
religietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: religi

From Middle Dutch religie, earlier also religioen, from Old French religion, from Latin religiō.

Een overheid hoort geen religie te bedrijven.

A government shouldn't be in the business of managing religion.

(religion) faith, religion, a system of beliefs dealing with soul, deity and/or life after death

religious denomination, such as an organized church

Een minuscuul prentje van de "Zonnebloemen" van Van Gogh gaf te kennen dat hier ten huize de sociaaldemocratie de religie was.

A minuscule picture of Van Gogh's Sunflowers indicated that social democracy was the practiced religion here in our home.

(figuratively) something one adheres to devotedly


schrikken

nonlemma

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


tantra

Ultimately from Sanskrit तन्त्र (tantra).

(Buddhism, Hinduism, countable) tantra (esoterical text)

(Buddhism, Hinduism, uncountable, chiefly in non-specialist usage) tantrism


lacune

nl-noun

lacune f (plural lacunes, diminutive lacunetje n)

lacunes (plural)
lacunetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French lacune. Doublet of lagune.

(figuratively) something that is missing


malie

malie f (plural maliën or malies, diminutive malietje n)

maliën (plural)
malies (plural)
malietje (diminutive neuter)

From Old French maille (“loop, stich”), from Latin macula (“blemish, mesh”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *smh₁-tleh₂, from *smeh₁- (“smear, rub”).


dosis

dosis f (plural doses or dosissen, diminutive dosisje n)

doses (plural)
dosissen (plural)
dosisje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: dosis

→ Indonesian: dosis

Learned borrowing from Late Latin dosis, from Ancient Greek δόσις (dósis, “a portion prescribed”, literally “a giving”), from Proto-Hellenic *dótis, from Proto-Indo-European *déh₃tis.


ascese

Afrikaans: askese

→ Indonesian: askese

Borrowed from Latin ascēsis, from Ancient Greek ἄσκησις (áskēsis).


topologie

→ Indonesian: topologi

From Ancient Greek τόπος (tópos, “place”) + -logie.


psychologie

nl-noun

psychologie f (plural psychologieën, diminutive psychologietje n)

psychologieën (plural)
psychologietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: psigologie

→ Indonesian: psikologi

Borrowed from French psychologie, from Latin psychologia (coined by Marko Marulić from Ancient Greek ψυχή (psukhḗ, “soul”) + Latin -logia (“study of”)). Equivalent to psycho- + -logie.


sint

sint m (plural sinten, diminutive sintje n)

sinten (plural)
sintje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch sent, from Old French seint, from Latin sanctus.


huisvuil

From huis (“house”) + vuil (“garbage, waste”).


druppel

nl-noun

druppel m (plural druppels, diminutive druppeltje n)

druppels (plural)
druppeltje (diminutive neuter)
droppel (alternative dated)

Afrikaans: druppel

→ Papiamentu: drùp, drùpel, druppel

From Middle Dutch droppel, druppel. Equivalent to drop or drup + -el. When unsuffixed, drop is more common than drup, but suffixed druppel is more common than droppel; this is likely due to the effects of i-umlaut triggered by the suffix -el. Indeed, drup is assumed to be based on druppel, as drop is the linguistically expected form (Germanic *u becomes Dutch o).

(colloquial) a teardrop-shaped RFID key fob


reformator

reformator m (plural reformatoren or reformators, diminutive reformatortje n)

reformatoren (plural)
reformators (plural)
reformatortje (diminutive neuter)

From Latin reformātor. Equivalent to reformeren + -ator.

(chiefly Christianity) a religious reformer, especially one associated with the Reformation or the Tridentine reforms

(uncommon) a reformer in non-religious matters


klankbekken

klankbekken n (plural klankbekkens, diminutive klankbekkentje n)

klankbekkens (plural)
klankbekkentje (diminutive neuter)


zeemijl

zeemijl m (plural zeemijlen, diminutive zeemijltje n)

zeemijlen (plural)
zeemijltje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: mil laut (calque)


mijl

mijl f (plural mijlen, diminutive mijltje n)

mijlen (plural)
mijltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: myl

Negerhollands: miel

English: mijl

→ Indonesian: mil

→ Papiamentu: my (dated)

From Middle Dutch mile and myle, ultimately from Latin mīlia.

English or American mile, a unit of length equivalent to about 1.6 km

(historical) mijl, Dutch mile or league, a unit of length notionally equivalent to an hour's walk, usually reckoned as about 5–6 km

(historical) nautical or geographical mile, a unit of length now equal to a minute of arc reckoned as exactly 1852 m or previously to ¼ degree, about 7400 m

(historical, now proscribed) synonym of kilometer, kilometer, used during the initial conversion to the metric system in the 19th century


steek

steek m (plural steken, diminutive steekje n)

steken (plural)
steekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: steek

→ Papiamentu: stek, steek

From Middle Dutch stēke, from Old Dutch *stiki, from Proto-West Germanic *stiki.


vracht

vracht f (plural vrachten, diminutive vrachtje n)

vrachten (plural)
vrachtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: vrag

→ Caribbean Javanese: prag

→ Indonesian: prah

→ Manado Malay: frak (“fare”)

From Middle Dutch vracht, from Middle Low German vracht, vrecht (“payment for cargo”), from Old Saxon frāht, frēht. Displaced the native Middle Dutch vrecht, both originally deriving from Proto-West Germanic *fra- + *aihti. Cognate with English freight and fraught.


ogen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


klimsport

(sports) climbing: e.g. rock climbing, mountaineering


verbinding

verbinding f (plural verbindingen, diminutive verbindinkje n)

verbindingen (plural)
verbindinkje (diminutive neuter)


zaal

zaal f (plural zalen, diminutive zaaltje n)

zalen (plural)
zaaltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: saal

Negerhollands: saal, sael

→ Caribbean Javanese: sal

→ Indonesian: sal

From Middle Dutch sale, from Old Dutch sala, from Proto-West Germanic *sali, from Proto-Germanic *saliz.

ward in a hospital or similar medical or caregiving institute


zaal

1829, Carl Spindler, De jezuit; een zedekundig tafereel uit den aanvang der achttiende eeuw, Volume 2, tr. from High German, de erven François Bohn (publ.), page 179.
[…] hij valt, en wordt een prooi van den overwinnaar, die hem de veren uittrekt, er het zaal van zijn paard mede ver/iert, en lagchend met zijne vrienden de vlakte oprent.


ambacht

ambacht n (plural ambachten, diminutive ambachtje n)

ambachten (plural)
ambachtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ambag

→ Indonesian: ambah

Negerhollands: ambacht

From Middle Dutch ambacht, from Old Dutch ambaht, from Proto-Germanic *ambahtaz, from Gaulish ambaxtos, from Proto-Celtic *ambaxtos. The same source has led to the form ambt. Cognate with German Amt.

a feudal corporation of craftsmen from one (group of) artisanal profession(s)

judicial jurisdiction of a schout (reeve)

a few of the above turned into an allodium

former (Dutch) district for dike management, notably in West Frisia and until 1864 in Rijnland