ampul

ampul f (plural ampullen, diminutive ampulletje n)

ampullen (plural)
ampulletje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch ampulle, from Old French ampule, from Latin ampulla, itself of unknown origin.

an ampoule, small, closed (glass or artificial) vial, as used to dose medicine


steelpan

nl-noun

steelpan f (plural steelpannen, diminutive steelpannetje n)

steelpannen (plural)
steelpannetje (diminutive neuter)


steelpan

steelpan m (plural steelpans, diminutive steelpannetje n)

steelpans (plural)
steelpannetje (diminutive neuter)


drumstick

drumstick m (plural drumsticks, diminutive drumstickje n)

drumsticks (plural)
drumstickje (diminutive neuter)

a drumstick, the lower leg of a fowl (especially a chicken)

(uncommon) a drumstick, a stick used for drumming


inferno

inferno n (plural inferno's, diminutive infernootje n)

inferno's (plural)
infernootje (diminutive neuter)

From Italian inferno (“hell”), from Latin infernus (“of the lower regions”), inferna (“the lower regions”); see infernal. The meaning "big fire" came as a figurative use from the traditional idea of hellfire.


lobbyist

lobbyist m (plural lobbyisten, diminutive lobbyistje n)

lobbyisten (plural)
lobbyistje (diminutive neuter)


kwik

Afrikaans: kwik

→ Caribbean Javanese: kuwig

→ Papiamentu: kuek, kwik

→ Sranan Tongo: kwek

→ West Frisian: kwik

Het kwik is vannacht tot onder nul gedaald.

The mercury has dropped to below zero (degrees) tonight.


lijk

lijk n (plural lijken, diminutive lijkje n)

lijken (plural)
lijkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: lyk

Negerhollands: liek

From Middle Dutch lijc, from Old Dutch līk, from Proto-West Germanic *līk, from Proto-Germanic *līką.
Compare West Frisian lyk, Low German Liek, German Leiche, English lich, Danish lig. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *leyg-.

the dead but otherwise (mostly) intact body, particularly of a human but sometimes used of animals


lijk

From Middle Dutch lijc, from Old Dutch *līk, from Proto-West Germanic *līk. Cognate to English leech.


sprookje

Can be regarded as the diminutive of sproke, a learned borrowing from the Middle Dutch word that also yielded the inherited form spreuk. This diminutive has, however, taken on a life of its own with the current meaning of "fairy tale". Sprookje is attested since the seventeenth century, however, whereas sproke as a learned borrowing likely postdates that, so the exact chronology is muddled. Compare German Low German Spröökje.

fairy tale
a usually old, allegorical short story

story presented as true that is not believable

Sinds mijn huwelijk is mijn leven een sprookje.

Since my marriage my life has been a dream come true.

(figuratively) dream come true (very desirable life)


eiland

eiland n (plural eilanden, diminutive eilandje n)

eilanden (plural)
eilandje (diminutive neuter)
eylant (alternative archaic)
eyland (alternative archaic)
eylandt (alternative archaic)
eijlandt (alternative archaic)
eilandt (alternative archaic)
eijlant (alternative archaic)
eijland (alternative archaic)

Afrikaans: eiland

Negerhollands: eiland, eyland

→ Sranan Tongo: eilanti

From Middle Dutch eilant, from Old Dutch *eilant, from Old Frisian eiland, from Proto-West Germanic *auwjuland, from Proto-Germanic *awjōlandą, equivalent to ei (“island”) + land (“land”). The former part is from *awjō, the latter identical to modern Dutch land.


eilander

eilander m (plural eilanders, diminutive eilandertje n)

eilanders (plural)
eilandertje (diminutive neuter)


chanson

chanson n (plural chansons, diminutive chansonnetje n)

chansons (plural)
chansonnetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French chanson f, from Middle French chanson f, from Old French chançon f, inherited from Latin cantiō f.


imago

imago n (plural imago's, diminutive imagootje n)

imago's (plural)
imagootje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: imago

De Nederlandse fotograaf Anton Corbijn heeft een belangrijke invloed gehad op het imago van de band U2.

The Dutch photographer Anton Corbijn has had an important influence upon the image of the band U2.

(biology) imago: the full grown form of an insect


procent

procent n (plural procenten, diminutive procentje n)

procenten (plural)
procentje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Javanese: persèn, prosèn

→ Indonesian: prosen


exempel

Negerhollands: exempel

From Middle Dutch exempel, ultimately from Latin exemplum.

(historical) a short moralising didactic story about exemplary conduct


ozon

→ Papiamentu: ozòn

From German Ozon, coined 1840 by Christian Friedrich Schönbein, from Ancient Greek ὄζον (ózon), neuter participle of ὄζω (ózō, “I smell”), in reference to its pungent odour.

Te veel blootstelling aan ozon kan schadelijk zijn voor de longen.

Too much exposure to ozone can be harmful to the lungs.

Ozon wordt vaak gebruikt om water te zuiveren.

De geur van ozon vulde de lucht na de bliksem.

The smell of ozone filled the air after the lightning.


nectar

Coordinate term: ambrozijn

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) nectar, beverage drunk by the Olympians

(botany, insects) nectar, liquid produced by flowers


beatbox

beatbox m (plural beatboxen, diminutive beatboxje n)

beatboxen (plural)
beatboxje (diminutive neuter)


aanbod

aanbod n (plural (rare) aanboden, diminutive aanbodje n)

aanboden (plural rare)
aanbodje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: aanbod

From aanbieden. Equivalent to aan (“on”) + bod (“offer, bid”).

een aanbod doen

(countable, usually in the singular) offer

Coordinate term: vraag

vraag en aanbod


wants

wants m (plural wantsen, diminutive wantsje n)

wantsen (plural)
wantsje (diminutive neuter)

18th century, from German Wanze, which see.

true bug (insect belonging to the Heteroptera, suborder within the Hemiptera)


micrometer

micrometer m (plural micrometers, diminutive micrometertje n)

micrometers (plural)
micrometertje (diminutive neuter)


marinade

Afrikaans: marinade


getto

getto n (plural getto's, diminutive gettootje n)

getto's (plural)
gettootje (diminutive neuter)


delinquent

delinquent m (plural delinquenten, diminutive delinquentje n)

delinquenten (plural)
delinquentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: delinkwent


ramp

ramp f (plural rampen, diminutive rampje n)

rampen (plural)
rampje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch ramp (“misfortune”). Related to rimpel (“wrinkle”). In the 19th century, the grammatical gender of the word was a matter of debate. It was finally standardized as feminine, departing from its historical masculine gender.

Mensen wensen geluk en welvaart en verafschuwen ongeluk en rampen

People wish happiness and prosperity and abhor mishap and disasters


ramp

Borrowed from French rampe, back-formation of Old French ramper, from Frankish *rampōn, *hrampōn (“to contract oneself”).


ramp

ramp m (plural ramps, diminutive rampje n)

ramps (plural)
rampje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English ramp, from French rampe.

(skating) a construction to do skating tricks, usually in the form of one half of a pipe, a half-pipe


fundament

fundament n (plural fundamenten, diminutive fundamentje n)

fundamenten (plural)
fundamentje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: fondament

→ Caribbean Javanese: pandhemèn

→ Indonesian: fundamen

→ Papiamentu: fondement

From Middle Dutch fondament, from Old French fundement, fondement, from Latin fundāmentum (“foundation”), from fundō (“I lay the bottom, I found”).


immigrant

immigrant m (plural immigranten, diminutive immigrantje n, feminine immigrante)

immigranten (plural)
immigrantje (diminutive neuter)
immigrante (feminine)


basilect

basilect n (plural basilecten, diminutive basilectje n)

basilecten (plural)
basilectje (diminutive neuter)

the basilect; the low-prestige register of a language, divergent from the standard language, mainly used in informal settings


dagen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


tante

nl-noun

tante f (plural tantes, diminutive tantetje n)

tantes (plural)
tantetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: tante

Berbice Creole Dutch: tanti

Skepi Creole Dutch: tanta

→ Aukan: tanto

→ Malay: tante
Indonesian: tante

→ Papiamentu: tanchi, tanta

→ Sranan Tongo: tanta

→ Caribbean Javanese: tante

Borrowed from French tante, from Middle French tante, from Old French ante, from Latin amita, from Proto-Indo-European *amma-.

aunt (sister or sister-in-law of a parent)

De zuster was een kranige tante.

(familiar) a woman, especially an older or assertive one


romper

romper m (plural rompers, diminutive rompertje n)

rompers (plural)
rompertje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English romper, from English romper suit. In folk etymology, the word is linked with Dutch romp (“torso”).

a one-piece garment for an infant or small child; a onesie or romper

an adult loungewear jumpsuit with short sleeves; a onesie or romper


bodybuilder

bodybuilder m (plural bodybuilders, diminutive bodybuildertje n, feminine bodybuildster)

bodybuilders (plural)
bodybuildertje (diminutive neuter)
bodybuildster (feminine)

Unadapted borrowing from English bodybuilder.

etymon

en>bodybuilder>person who builds a muscular physique


edik

nl-noun

edik m (plural edikken, diminutive edikje n)

edikken (plural)
edikje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch edic, from Old Dutch etig, from Proto-West Germanic *atek, metathesized variant of *aket, from Latin acētum.
Cognate with Old Saxon edik, Middle Low German etik, West Frisian jittik, Old High German ezzih, German Essig, Old Norse edik. More distantly related to Old Saxon ekid, Old English eced, Gothic 𐌰𐌺𐌴𐌹𐍄 (akeit). Doublet of azijn.

vinegar, especially dilute vinegar used as a drink


bak

bak m (plural bakken, diminutive bakje n)

bakken (plural)
bakje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bak

Berbice Creole Dutch: baksi

Negerhollands: bak

→ Virgin Islands Creole: bak, baks (archaic)

→ Caribbean Hindustani: báki

→ Caribbean Javanese: bak, bag

→ Indonesian: bak, baki

→ Javanese: ꦧꦏꦶ (baki)

→ Ternate: baki

→ Javanese: ꦧꦏ꧀ (bak)

→ Papiamentu: baki (from the diminutive)

→ Sranan Tongo: baki

→ Caribbean Javanese: baki

container, such as a box, a crate, a tray or a tub

Het regent bakken met water.

(informal, usually in the plural) a large amount, lots

(Netherlands) drinking vessel, usually a cup or mug

(informal, Netherlands, Belgium, Bargoens) the slammer, jail, prison


bak

From Middle Dutch *bak, bake, baec (“meat from the back of a pig”), from Old Dutch *bak (“back, rear”), from Proto-Germanic *baką. Cognate with English back, Icelandic bak. Etymologically related to bakboord and achterbaks.


eik

eik m (plural eiken, diminutive eikje n)

eiken (plural)
eikje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: eik

Jersey Dutch: āike

From Middle Dutch eike, êke, from Old Dutch *eik, *ēk, from Proto-West Germanic *aik, from Proto-Germanic *aiks, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“oak”). The form in ei- is regular in south-eastern dialects, but may also have developed elsewhere after the adjective *eikīn (“oaken”, modern eiken), where umlaut would have hindered the monophthongisation.


hel

hel f (plural hellen, diminutive helletje n)

hellen (plural)
helletje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: hel, hei

From Middle Dutch helle, from Old Dutch hella, from Proto-West Germanic *hallju, from Proto-Germanic *haljō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, hide, conceal”).

der

Ik hoop dat je zal branden in de hel.

(religion, mythology) hell, an infernal afterlife

Hij maakte daarmee haar leven tot een hel.


hel

nl-noun

hel n or f (plural hellen, diminutive helletje n)


pils

pils m or n (plural pilsen, diminutive pilsje n)

pilsen (plural)
pilsje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from German Pils, short for Pilsener (Bier).


orka

orka m (plural orka's, diminutive orkaatje n)

orka's (plural)
orkaatje (diminutive neuter)


koffie

koffie f or m (plural koffies, diminutive koffietje n)

koffies (plural)
koffietje (diminutive neuter)

desctree

Afrikaans: koffie
→ Xhosa: ikofu
→ Tswana: kôšwi

Berbice Creole Dutch: kofi

→ Burmese: ကော်ဖီ (kauhpi)
→ Rawang: gopi

Negerhollands: kofi, coffie, koffee

→ Lokono: kofi

→ English: coffee (see there for further descendants)

→ Japanese: コーヒー (kōhī)

→ Palauan: kohi

→ Latin: coffea f

→ Malay: kopi
Indonesian: kopi
→ Petjo: kopie
→ Cantonese: 咖啡 (go³ bi¹)
→ Hokkien: 咖啡 (ko-pi / ko-phi), 高丕 (obsolete), 戈丕 (obsolete)
→ Teochew: 咖啡 (go¹ bi⁵ / gu¹ bi⁵)

→ Papiamentu: kòfi, koffi

→ Russian: ко́фе (kófe) (see there for further descendants)

→ Sranan Tongo: kofi (or from English)

→ Aukan: kofi

→ Caribbean Hindustani: kofi

→ Caribbean Javanese: kofi, kopi

→ Saramaccan: kofí

→ West Frisian: kofje

Borrowed from Italian caffè, from Ottoman Turkish قهوه (kahve), from Arabic قَهْوَة (qahwa).


grein

nl-noun

grein n (plural greinen, diminutive greintje n)

greinen (plural)
greintje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: grein (dated), krenchi (from the diminutive)

From Middle Dutch grein (“a grain”), from French grain (“a grain”), from Latin grānum (“a grain”). Doublet with Dutch graan (“grain”), which descended directly from Latin grānum (“a grain”).


escadrille

escadrille, small squadron; especially of aeroplanes


bende

bende f (plural bendes or benden, diminutive bendetje n)

bendes (plural)
benden (plural)
bendetje (diminutive neuter)
bent (alternative)

From Middle Dutch bende, from Old French bende from Frankish *bindā, *bindu, from Proto-Germanic *bindō, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to tie; bond, band”). Cognate with Old English binde (“band, wreath, ribbon”), Old High German binta (“band, bandage, string”), Middle Dutch bende (“band, buoy, fetter”).

cog

mess as in: a disagreeable mixture of a large quantity of objects in disorder resulting from people misbehaving or animals stampeding


vertaling

nl-noun

vertaling f (plural vertalingen, diminutive vertalinkje n)

vertalingen (plural)
vertalinkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: vertaling


mangrove

mangrove m (plural mangroven or mangroves)

/ˌmɑŋˈɣroː.və/

Borrowed from English mangrove, from earlier mangrow by folk etymology influence of grove, from Portuguese mangue, from Spanish mangle (or directly from Spanish), from a Caribbean language.


slinger

slinger m (plural slingers, diminutive slingertje n)

slingers (plural)
slingertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: slinger

→ Caribbean Hindustani: slengar

→ Papiamentu: slenger

→ Sranan Tongo: slenger, srengi

→ Caribbean Javanese: slènger

From Middle Dutch slinger. Equivalent to a deverbal from slingeren.

(physics) a pendulum. Such object in mechanics, e.g. on a clock

a garland, a line with party flags or similar decoration


gros

gros n (plural grossen, diminutive grosje n)

grossen (plural)
grosje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: gròs

From Middle Dutch gros, from Old French gros, from Latin grossus; gross sense probably directly from French.

(countable) a gross; a dozen dozens, 144

(uncountable) the bulk, largest part, largest proportion, majority


gros

gros m (plural grossen, diminutive grosje n)


christen

christen m (plural christenen, diminutive christentje n, feminine christin)

christenen (plural)
christentje (diminutive neuter)
christin (feminine)
kersten (alternative obsolete)

Negerhollands: christ

→ Indonesian: Kristen

→ Caribbean Javanese: Kristen

From Middle Dutch cristen, variant of kersten, from Old Dutch cristīn, from Latin Christiānus, from Ancient Greek Χρῑστιᾱνός (Khrīstiānós). The current Dutch spelling has been influenced by the Latin and subsequently also the Greek words.


compressor

compressor m (plural compressors or compressoren, diminutive compressortje n)

compressors (plural)
compressoren (plural)
compressortje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from New Latin compressor. The technical sense comes from English compressor.


sas

In zijn sas zijn.

Zo in m'n sas met Badedas.

[I'm] so happy with this shower gel. (old commercial)


sas

sas n or f (plural sassen, diminutive sasje n)

sassen (plural)
sasje (diminutive neuter)


sas

(historical) an explosive or highly flammable compound used in various explosives such as early artillery projectiles


benefice

(obsolete) an office, privilege or advantage

(obsolete) a charitative event or institution


ding

ding n (plural dingen, diminutive dingetje n)

dingen (plural)
dingetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ding

Berbice Creole Dutch: dinggi

Jersey Dutch: däng

From Middle Dutch dinc, from Old Dutch thinc, from Proto-West Germanic *þing, from Proto-Germanic *þingą.

Waarom zijn al die dingen daar ineens maar neergezet? / Is er een dingenmotie aangenomen, of een dingenwet? / Dat in elke straat en elke laan voortaan een soort van ding moet staan? / Ik liep laatst over straat en ik zag 'n ding staan

2006, Jeroen van Merwijk, “Een Ding”, in Even Iemand Doodslaan:

Why did people put all these things in place all of a sudden? / Has a things motion been passed, or a law on things? / That every street and avenue should have some kind of thing in it from now on? / I was walking down the street the other day and I saw a thing standing around

(historical) thing (popular assembly or judicial council in early Germanic society)


rocker

rocker m (plural rockers, diminutive rockertje n)

rockers (plural)
rockertje (diminutive neuter)


vitrine

vitrine f (plural vitrines, diminutive vitrinetje n)

vitrines (plural)
vitrinetje (diminutive neuter)


idealist

idealist m (plural idealisten, feminine idealiste)

idealisten (plural)
idealiste (feminine)


branding

branding f (plural brandingen, diminutive brandinkje n)

brandingen (plural)
brandinkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: branding

→ German: Brandung

→ Sranan Tongo: plana, prana

From branden (“burn”) + -ing, compare aestus, which means both fire and tide.


canapé

canapé m (plural canapés, diminutive canapeetje n)

canapés (plural)
canapeetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French canapé. Attested since the 18th century.

't Water steeg en bleef maar stijgen / en de hele kanapee / ging toen langzaam aan het drijven / en de tantes dreven mee.

1966 [1951], Annie M.G. Schmidt, “Tante Trui en Tante Toosje [Aunt Trui and Aunt Toosje]”, in De spin Sebastiaan [Sebastian the Spider], Amsterdam: De Arbeiderspers, page 57:

The water rose and kept rising / and the entire canapé / slowly went afloat / and the aunts floated along with it.


sachet

sachet n (plural sachets, diminutive sachetje n)

sachets (plural)
sachetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: saset


anker

anker n (plural ankers, diminutive ankertje n)

ankers (plural)
ankertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: anker

Negerhollands: anker, henka, heṅku

desctree

→ English: anker, ankor, anchor
→ Irish: ancaire

→ Indonesian: angker

→ Lokono: anker

→ Papiamentu: anker

→ Sranan Tongo: ankra (see there for further descendants)

From Middle Dutch anker, from Old Dutch *anker, from Latin ancora.


salmonella

From Salmonella, after Daniel Elmer Salmon.

(countable, uncountable) salmonella, bacterium of the genus Salmonella


epaulet

nl-noun

epaulet f (plural epauletten or epaulets, diminutive epauletje n)

epauletten (plural)
epaulets (plural)
epauletje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: èpolèt


fluor

the chemical element fluorine (symbol: F)


halter

halter m (plural halters, diminutive haltertje n)

halters (plural)
haltertje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French haltère or directly from Latin haltēres, from Ancient Greek ἁλτῆρες (haltêres).


portefeuille

portefeuille m (plural portefeuilles, diminutive portefeuilletje n)

portefeuilles (plural)
portefeuilletje (diminutive neuter)

From French portefeuille. Doublet of portfolio.

wallet, billfold (small, folding sleeve for paper currency, driver's licence, and bank cards)

portfolio (post, set of responsibilities)


masochist

masochist m (plural masochisten, diminutive masochistje n)

masochisten (plural)
masochistje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from German Masochist, from Leopold von Sacher-Masoch + -ist.

glutton for punishment
glutton for punishment


aasvogel

aasvogel m (plural aasvogels or aasvogelen, diminutive aasvogeltje n)

aasvogels (plural)
aasvogelen (plural)
aasvogeltje (diminutive neuter)

desctree

Afrikaans: aasvoël, (obsolete) aasvogel
→ English: aasvogel

(figuratively) vulture, a person who profits from the suffering of others


parallax

Borrowed from Middle French parallaxe, from Latin parallaxis, from Ancient Greek παράλλαξις (parállaxis).


merci

nl-noun

merci f (plural mercis, diminutive mercikes n)

mercis (plural)
mercikes (diminutive neuter)

(chiefly Belgium or colloquial Netherlands) thank you


succulent

succulent m (plural succulenten, diminutive succulentje n)

succulenten (plural)
succulentje (diminutive neuter)


lacrosse

Borrowed from Canadian French la crosse (“the stick”).


dammen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


planning

nl-noun

planning f (plural planningen, diminutive planninkje n)

planningen (plural)
planninkje (diminutive neuter)

From English planning. By surface analysis, plannen + -ing.

De werkzaamheden beginnen volgens de planning nog voor de bouwvak.

According to the schedule, the work will start before the construction business holiday.


kool

kool f (plural kolen, diminutive kooltje n)

kolen (plural)
kooltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kool

Jersey Dutch: kôl

Negerhollands: kool

→ Caribbean Hindustani: koro

→ Chinese: 高麗 /高丽, 高麗菜／高丽菜 (via Min Nan)

→ Indonesian: kol

→ Mahican: gónan

→ Papiamentu: kolo

→ Sranan Tongo: kolo

From Middle Dutch col, cole, from Old Dutch *kōl, *kōla, from Latin caulis.

(particularly) the edible leaves of a Brassica


kool

Afrikaans: kool

Negerhollands: kool

From Middle Dutch cole, from Old Dutch *kol, *kolo, from Proto-West Germanic *kol, from Proto-Germanic *kulą, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷol-, from *ǵwelH- (“to burn, shine”).
May originate from a neuter plurale tantum that was reanalysed as a feminine singular; compare Old Norse kol. Cognate with West Frisian koal, German Kohle, English coal, Danish kul.


accent grave

accent grave n (plural accents graves or accent graves)

accents graves (plural)
accent graves (plural)

Unadapted borrowing from French accent grave.


pummel

nl-noun

pummel m (plural pummels, diminutive pummeltje n)

pummels (plural)
pummeltje (diminutive neuter)

(derogatory) bumpkin (unsophisticated person, usually male)


scriptorium

scriptorium (place where manuscripts are produced)


psalter

psalter n (plural psalters, diminutive psaltertje n)

psalters (plural)
psaltertje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch psalter m. Likely not directly inherited from Old Dutch psaltare n, psaltere in this form, as the expected form (in accordance with Middle Dutch L-vocalization) is souter, an obsolete form which does appear to be inherited; see there for more. Ultimately from Latin psalterium, from Ancient Greek ψᾰλτήρῐον (psăltḗrĭon). Doublet of souter, psalterie, and psalterium.


gezegde

nl-noun

gezegde n (plural gezegden or gezegdes, diminutive gezegdetje n)

gezegden (plural)
gezegdes (plural)
gezegdetje (diminutive neuter)

Een oud gezegde luidt: "Wie goed doet, goed ontmoet."

An old saying goes: "Do good, and good will come to you."

Het gezegde "De appel valt niet ver van de boom" betekent dat kinderen vaak op hun ouders lijken.

The proverb "The apple doesn't fall far from the tree" means that children often resemble their parents.

Het gezegde "Haastige spoed is zelden goed" waarschuwt dat overhaast handelen meestal niet goed uitpakt.

The saying "Haste makes waste" warns that acting too hastily usually doesn't end well.

In deze grammaticale context fungeert "te zijn" als het gezegde van de zin.

In this grammatical context, "te zijn" functions as the predicate of the sentence.


gedachte

gedachte f (plural gedachten or gedachtes, diminutive gedachtetje n)

gedachten (plural)
gedachtes (plural)
gedachtetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gedagte

desc

Negerhollands: gedacht, gedachten, gedagten

From Middle Dutch gedachte, from Old Dutch githāht, from Proto-Germanic *þanhtaz.

Die gedachte had ik ook.

Ik werd afgeleid door een plotselinge gedachte.

De gedachte aan jou maakt me blij.


idee

nl-noun

idee n (plural ideeën, diminutive ideetje n)

ideeën (plural)
ideetje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch idee, borrowed from Middle French idee, from Old French idee, from Latin idea (“a (Platonic) idea; archetype”), from Ancient Greek ἰδέα (idéa, “notion, pattern”), from εἴδω (eídō, “I see”), related to French idée.


idee

→ Caribbean Javanese: idhé

→ Indonesian: ide


mening

nl-noun

mening f (plural meningen, diminutive meninkje n)

meningen (plural)
meninkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mening

Negerhollands: meening

From Middle Dutch mêninge. Equivalent to menen (“to mean, to suppose”) + -ing (“-ion”).
Compare German Meinung, English meaning.

suffix

Zij heeft recht op een eigen mening.


opinie

nl-noun

opinie f (plural opinies, diminutive opinietje n)

opinies (plural)
opinietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: opini

From Middle Dutch opinie, from Old French opinion, from Latin opīniō, from opīnor (“to opine”).


visie

visie f (plural visies, diminutive visietje n)

visies (plural)
visietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: visie

→ Indonesian: visi

From Middle Dutch visie, from Latin vīsiō.


visioen

visioen n (plural visioenen, diminutive visioentje n)

visioenen (plural)
visioentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: visioen

→ Indonesian: visiun

→ West Frisian: fizioen

From Middle Dutch visioen, from Old French vision, from Latin visio (“vision, seeing”), noun of action from the perfect passive participle visus (“that which is seen”), from videre (“to see”, verb) + -io (action noun suffix).

vision (something dreamlike or imaginary thought to be seen; mystical experience)


gerundium

gerundium n (plural gerundiums or gerundia, diminutive gerundiumpje n)

gerundiums (plural)
gerundia (plural)
gerundiumpje (diminutive neuter)

From Latin gerundium, from gerundus (“which is to be carried out”), the gerundive of gerō (“bear, carry”).


horeca

→ Indonesian: horeka

Horeca en vintage design in de voormalige volkswijk.

Food and vintage design in former working-class neighbourhood.


zijrivier

zijrivier f (plural zijrivieren, diminutive zijriviertje n)

zijrivieren (plural)
zijriviertje (diminutive neuter)

tributary (river which joins another, larger river)


aanval

aanval m (plural aanvallen, diminutive aanvalletje n)

aanvallen (plural)
aanvalletje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: anfal

From Middle Dutch aenval. Equivalent to aan (“on”) + val (“fall”).

De aanval op Polen.


aardappel

aardappel m (plural aardappelen or aardappels, diminutive aardappeltje n)

aardappelen (plural)
aardappels (plural)
aardappeltje (diminutive neuter)
eerdappel (alternative obsolete)
eertappel (alternative obsolete)
aerd-appel (alternative obsolete)
aerdtappel (alternative obsolete)

Afrikaans: aartappel

→ Xhosa: itapile

Berbice Creole Dutch: adaplu

→ Ambonese Malay: artapel

→ English: earthapple (calque) (in the sense of "potato")

→ Icelandic: jarðepli

→ Kristang: atapal, artapal

→ Malayalam: അടുതാപ്പ് (aṭutāppŭ)

→ Sinhalese: අර්තාපල් (artāpal)

→ Tamil: அர்த்தாப்பு (arttāppu)

From Middle Dutch erdappel (“hog's bread”), equivalent to aarde (“soil, earth, ground”) + appel (“apple”), cognate with Middle Low German erdappel (modern Low German Erdappel), Old High German erdapful (“pumpkin, squash, melon”) (modern German Erdapfel (“potato”)), West Frisian ierappel (“potato”), Old English eorþæppel (“cucumber”) (rare modern English earthapple (“potato”)), Danish jordæble. Compare also French pomme de terre (“potato”), Luxembourgish Gromper (“potato”, literally “ground pear”), regional German Grundbirne (“ground pear”).
In the 16th and 17th centuries, used for various tubers and fruits that grow in or near the soil. Modern sense spread in the 18th century.

cog

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum#Translingual


braadpan

nl-noun

braadpan f (plural braadpannen, diminutive braadpannetje n)

braadpannen (plural)
braadpannetje (diminutive neuter)


carbide

→ Indonesian: karbida


achtergrondmuziek

achtergrondmuziek f (uncountable, diminutive achtergrondmuziekje n)

De belachelijke achtergrondmuziek in die horrorfilm leek wel uit een circus gejat!

The ridiculous background music in that horror film sounded as if it was stolen from a circus!


treinspoor

treinspoor n (plural treinsporen, diminutive treinspoortje n)

treinsporen (plural)
treinspoortje (diminutive neuter)


turbine

turbine f (plural turbines, diminutive turbinetje n)

turbines (plural)
turbinetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: turbin


sinaasappelboom

sinaasappelboom m (plural sinaasappelbomen, diminutive sinaasappelboompje n)

sinaasappelbomen (plural)
sinaasappelboompje (diminutive neuter)


depot

depot n or m (plural depots, diminutive depotje n)

depots (plural)
depotje (diminutive neuter)
depôt (alternative obsolete)

Petjo: depot

→ Caribbean Javanese: dhépo, ndhépo

Either from Middle Dutch depoost, from Middle French deposte, from Latin dēpositus, with adaptation of the spelling and pronunciation to Modern French dépôt, or borrowed anew from French dépôt, from the same Middle French word.


correspondent

correspondent m (plural correspondenten, diminutive correspondentje n, feminine correspondente)

correspondenten (plural)
correspondentje (diminutive neuter)
correspondente (feminine)
korrespondent (alternative)

→ Indonesian: korèspondèn

Borrowed from Middle French correspondant, correspondent, from Latin correspondens.

a correspondent, in particular a reporter


afkorting

afkorting f (plural afkortingen, diminutive afkortinkje n)

afkortingen (plural)
afkortinkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: afkorting

/ˈɑfˌkɔrtɪŋ/


okra

okra m (plural okra's, diminutive okraatje n)

okra's (plural)
okraatje (diminutive neuter)

Abelmoschus esculentus
Abelmoschus esculentus#Translingual


halva

halva f or m (plural halva's, diminutive halvaatje n)

halva's (plural)
halvaatje (diminutive neuter)

From Hebrew חלבה (halvá), from Romanian halva, from Ottoman Turkish حلوا (helva), from Persian حلوا (halvâ), from Arabic حَلْوَى (ḥalwā).


midden

From Middle Dutch midden, from Old Dutch *middi, from Proto-West Germanic *midi, from Proto-Germanic *midjaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *medʰyo-.

in het midden van het dorp staat de kerk

in the middle of the village stands the church


hongersnood

hongersnood m (plural hongersnoden, diminutive hongersnoodje n)

hongersnoden (plural)
hongersnoodje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hongersnood

From honger (“hunger”) + -s- + nood (“emergency”).


flaneur

nl-noun

flaneur m (plural flaneurs, diminutive flaneurtje n)

flaneurs (plural)
flaneurtje (diminutive neuter)

a person who walks the city in order to experience it


sirocco

sirocco (wind on the Mediterranean originating from North Africa)


twitcher

Borrowed from English twitcher. By surface analysis, twitchen + -er.

twitcher (avid birdwatcher, esp. one who travels long distances to observe rare species)


laptop

laptop m (plural laptops, diminutive laptopje n)

laptops (plural)
laptopje (diminutive neuter)

Unadapted borrowing from English laptop.

laptop (computer with a clamshell design, portable and foldable)


decaliter

→ Indonesian: dékalitêr

→ Papiamentu: dekaliter

Borrowed from French décalitre. Equivalent to deca- + liter.


harder

Afrikaans: harder

→ Papiamentu: aldu, haldu

From Middle Dutch hardere, from Old Dutch *hardaro, *hardar.

flathead grey mullet
flathead grey mullet

Mugil cephalus
Mugil cephalus#Translingual

a flathead mullet, flathead grey mullet, Mugil cephalus


aai

aai m (plural aaien, diminutive aaitje n)

aaien (plural)
aaitje (diminutive neuter)


aak

aak m or f (plural aken, diminutive aakje n)

Afrikaans: aak

→ German: Aak

→ West Frisian: aak

From Middle Dutch aecke, naecke, from Old Dutch *nako, from Proto-West Germanic *nakwō, from Proto-Germanic *nakwô (“boat, ship”).

barge (type of ship that sails on rivers)


aaien

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


aalbes

nl-noun

aalbes f (plural aalbessen, diminutive aalbesje n)

aalbessen (plural)
aalbesje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: aalbessie

Compound of aal + bes (“berry”), cognate with Middle Low German albere. The meaning of the first element is disputed.

red currant or white currant (Ribes rubrum)

the berry of this plant; a red or white currant


aalbessensap

aalbessensap n (plural aalbessensappen, diminutive aalbessensapje n)

aalbessensappen (plural)
aalbessensapje (diminutive neuter)

currant juice (of Ribes nigrum or Ribes rubrum)


aalbessesap

aalbessesap n (plural aalbessesappen, diminutive aalbessesapje n)

aalbessesappen (plural)
aalbessesapje (diminutive neuter)


aalbessenstruik

aalbessenstruik m (plural aalbessenstruiken, diminutive aalbessenstruikje n)

aalbessenstruiken (plural)
aalbessenstruikje (diminutive neuter)
aalbessestruik (alternative)


aalbessestruik

aalbessestruik m (plural aalbessestruiken, diminutive aalbessestruikje n)

aalbessestruiken (plural)
aalbessestruikje (diminutive neuter)


aalkorf

aalkorf m (plural aalkorven, diminutive aalkorfje n)

aalkorven (plural)
aalkorfje (diminutive neuter)

eelpot, eelbuck (device for catching eels)


aalmoes

aalmoes f (plural aalmoezen, diminutive aalmoesje n)

aalmoezen (plural)
aalmoesje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: aalmoes

Negerhollands: almis, almisse

From Middle Dutch aelmoesene, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic *alemōsinā, from Vulgar Latin *alemosyna, from Latin eleēmosyna, from Ancient Greek ἐλεημοσύνη (eleēmosúnē).


aalmoezenier

aalmoezenier m (plural aalmoezeniers, diminutive aalmoezeniertje n)

aalmoezeniers (plural)
aalmoezeniertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: aalmoesenier

From Middle Dutch aelmoeseniere, from Old French almosnier, from Late Latin eleēmosynārius.

(Roman Catholicism, historical) Roman Catholic chaplain, padre


aalscholver

aalscholver m (plural aalscholvers, diminutive aalscholvertje n)

aalscholvers (plural)
aalscholvertje (diminutive neuter)
aelscholver (alternative)

Compound of aal (“eel”) + scholver (“cormorant”).

1825, Jacobus Scheltema, "Iets, over de boetseerkunst, in was, van den heer Petrus Koning, te Utrecht", in Mengelwerk (edition of Vaderlandsche letteroefeningen), 665.
Een geopende aalscholver of aalslokker (de palingdief), tot het geslacht der pellikanen behoorende, is onder deze, als een der voornaamste stukken, opmerkelijk.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Phalacrocorax carbo
Phalacrocorax carbo#Translingual

(particularly) great cormorant, (Phalacrocorax carbo)


machinist

machinist m (plural machinisten, diminutive machinistje n)

machinisten (plural)
machinistje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: masinis

From French machiniste. By surface analysis, machine + -ist.

a machine-operator, engineer; notably:
locomotive operator

a machine-operator, engineer; notably:
steam engines operator on a vessel

machinist, scenery operator in a theater


neushoorn

neushoorn m (plural neushoorns, diminutive neushoorntje n)

neushoorns (plural)
neushoorntje (diminutive neuter)
neushoren (alternative)

Afrikaans: neushoring

From neus (“nose”) + hoorn (“horn”), a calque of Ancient Greek ῥινόκερως (rhinókerōs).

calque

rhinoceros, mammal of the family Rhinocerotidae


giraf

nl-noun

giraf f (plural giraffen, diminutive girafje n)

giraffen (plural)
girafje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: zjiraf

From German Giraffe, from Middle High German geraff, seraffe, schraffe, from Italian giraffa, from Arabic زَرَافَة (zarāfa).


revanche

Negerhollands: revanschie


wissel

wissel m (plural wissels, diminutive wisseltje n)

wissels (plural)
wisseltje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: wesel

→ Peranakan Indonesian: wissel

From Middle Dutch wissel, from Old Dutch *wissel, from Proto-Germanic *wihslaz.

(rail transport) points; switch (in Flanders a "wissel" has the normal masculine grammatical gender, in the railroad sector in the Netherlands it is neutral)

(biology, hunting) pathway created by wildlife, game


wodka

wodka m (plural wodka's, diminutive wodkaatje n)

wodka's (plural)
wodkaatje (diminutive neuter)


drom

Afrikaans: drom

From Middle Dutch droom, from Proto-Germanic *þrumi, *dramjan, related to *þrumjaz (“disturbance, violence”). See also Old Saxon drom, Old English þrymm.


columbarium

columbarium n (plural columbaria or columbariums)

columbaria (plural)
columbariums (plural)

(historical) vault for funerary urns, columbarium


bijou

bijou m (plural bijoux or bijous, diminutive bijoutje n)

bijoux (plural)
bijous (plural)
bijoutje (diminutive neuter)
byou (alternative)

Borrowed from French bijou, from Breton bizoù.

a piece of jewelry, often specifically with fake gems


waterman

waterman m (plural watermannen, diminutive watermannetje n)

watermannen (plural)
watermannetje (diminutive neuter)


franchise

(law, finance) franchise (exemption from financial or legal obligation)


franchise

(business) franchise (agreement between franchiser and franchisee)


coromandel

From the Coromandel Coast in India, a source of this wood. The neuter gender suggests that use as a common noun may be a shortening of coromandelhout.

calamander, striped ebony (a heavy wood, brown in color with deep black streaks, yielded by a limited number of species in the genus Diospyros)


influencer

influencer m (plural influencers, diminutive influencertje n)

influencers (plural)
influencertje (diminutive neuter)


berceuse

(relatively formal, also figurative) a lullaby, especially one composed by a composer


luid

luid m (plural luiden, diminutive luidje n)

luiden (plural)
luidje (diminutive neuter)

naar luid van


opa

opa m (plural opa's, diminutive opaatje n)

opa's (plural)
opaatje (diminutive neuter)

Skepi Creole Dutch: opai

Sranan Tongo: owpa

→ Ambonese Malay: opa

→ Papiamentu: opa


citadel

citadel f (plural citadellen or citadels, diminutive citadelletje n)

citadellen (plural)
citadels (plural)
citadelletje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Middle French citadelle, from Italian cittadella, diminutive of città (“city”), from Latin cīvitās.


tras

→ Indonesian: tras

Borrowed from Middle French [Term?], from Old French [Term?].


tras

(Suriname, archaic) bagasse (the residue from processing sugar cane after the juice is extracted)


vrouw

vrouw f (plural vrouwen, diminutive vrouwtje n or vrouwetje n or vrouwke n)

vrouwen (plural)
vrouwtje (diminutive neuter)
vrouwetje (diminutive neuter)
vrouwke (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: vrou
→ English: vrou

desc

Negerhollands: vro, vrou, frou, fru, vrow

→ Virgin Islands Creole: fru (dated)

→ Aukan: folow

→ English: vrouw

→ Sranan Tongo: frow

→ Indonesian: perawan (“virgin”)

From Middle Dutch vrouwe, from Old Dutch frouwa, vrouwa, from Proto-West Germanic *frauwjā, from Proto-Germanic *frawjǭ. Vrouw replaced wijf as a neutral descriptor for a woman in the Early Modern period (see there for more), whereas vrouw mostly referred to well-off or aristocratic women in Middle Dutch. (In this latter sense, vrouw was itself superseded by dame, although the archaic form vrouwe is fossilized with the same aristocratic meaning.)


zilver

Afrikaans: silwer

Negerhollands: silver, zelva, selvu

Skepi Creole Dutch: solfer

→ Caribbean Javanese: silfer

→ Loup A: sinibat, chinebat, chinibat

→ Mahican: sehnpatt, senpett

→ Munsee: shulpul

→ Sranan Tongo: sorfu, solfru, sorfru

→ Saramaccan: sólófu, sóófu

→ Unami: silpël

From Middle Dutch silver, from Old Dutch silver, from Proto-Germanic *silubrą.


vuur

nl-noun

vuur n (plural vuren, diminutive vuurtje n)

vuren (plural)
vuurtje (diminutive neuter)
vier (alternative Southern)

Afrikaans: vuur

Javindo: vier

Jersey Dutch: vuer, vîr

Negerhollands: vuur, fi, vier

Skepi Creole Dutch: fir

From Middle Dutch vuur, from Old Dutch fuir, from Proto-West Germanic *fuir, from Proto-Germanic *fōr, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥. The adjectival slang sense is a calque of the slang sense of English fire.

We maakten een vuur om ons warm te houden tijdens de koude nacht.

We made a fire to keep us warm during the cold night.

Pas op voor het vuur, het kan je verbranden.

Ze zaten rond het vuur en vertelden verhalen.

They sat around the fire and told stories.

Heb je vuur?

the act of firing with firearms, explosives or less commonly other projectile weapons; fire


uur

uur n (plural uren, diminutive uurtje n)

uren (plural)
uurtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: uur

Berbice Creole Dutch: juru

Negerhollands: uur, yer

→ Virgin Islands Creole: i (dated)

Petjo: uur

→ Sranan Tongo: yuru

→ Aukan: yuu

→ Kari'na: juru

→ Kwinti: yuu

→ Saramaccan: júu

→ Trió: juuru

→ Wayana: juru

From Middle Dutch ure, from Latin hōra (“hour”).

Ze komt over een uur.

Wat doe jij op dit uur nog wakker?

What are you doing still awake at this hour?

Het is twaalf uur.


zoon

zoon m (plural zoons or zonen, diminutive zoontje n)

zoons (plural)
zonen (plural)
zoontje (diminutive neuter)
zeun (alternative dialectal)

Afrikaans: seun

Jersey Dutch: zőn

Negerhollands: soon, sön

Skepi Creole Dutch: son

From Middle Dutch sōne, from Old Dutch suno, from Proto-West Germanic *sunu, from Proto-Germanic *sunuz, from Proto-Indo-European *suHnús.

Mijn zoon gaat volgend jaar naar de universiteit.

My son is going to the university next year.

Ze heeft drie zonen en een dochter.

Haar zoontje speelde in de tuin met zijn vriendjes.

Her little son was playing in the garden with his friends.


zeil

zeil n (plural zeilen, diminutive zeiltje n)

zeilen (plural)
zeiltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: seil

→ Saramaccan: zéi

From Middle Dutch seil, from Old Dutch *segil, from Proto-West Germanic *segl, from Proto-Germanic *seglą.

alle zeilen bijzetten

de wind uit de zeilen nemen

de wind in de zeilen hebben


zus

zus f (plural zussen, diminutive zusje n)

zussen (plural)
zusje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: sus

desc

Negerhollands: suschi, schuschi, schuschie, schuschii, śiśi, shishi, syssie (all forms from the diminutive)

Short form of zuster. Compare English sis.


zeep

nl-noun

zeep f (plural zepen, diminutive zeepje n)

zepen (plural)
zeepje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: seep (see there for further descendants)

Berbice Creole Dutch: sepu

Skepi Creole Dutch: sepu

→ Akawaio: seepoo, sawana

→ Pemon: seepoo, sawana

→ Lokono: sêpo

From Middle Dutch seep, sepe, from Old Dutch *sēpa, from Proto-West Germanic *saipā. Doublet of soap. Cognate with German Seife, English soap.

De knuffel was in de emmer met zeep gevallen.

The doll had fallen into the bucket of soap.


werk

werk n (plural werken, diminutive werkje n)

werken (plural)
werkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: werk

→ Tswana: bereke

→ Yeyi: bbérìk-á

Negerhollands: werk, wark

Skepi Creole Dutch: wark

→ Saramaccan: wéíki

From Middle Dutch werc, from Old Dutch *werk, from Proto-West Germanic *werk, from Proto-Germanic *werką, from Proto-Indo-European *wérǵom.

Ik heb nog veel werken te doen vandaag.

I still have a lot of tasks to do today.

Het schilderen van de kamer was een hele klus, maar het eindresultaat is prachtig werk.

Painting the room was a big chore, but the end result is a beautiful job.

Ze deelde de huishoudelijke werken eerlijk tussen haar kinderen.

She divided the household chores equally among her children.

Hij is trots op zijn nieuwe werk als leraar.

He is proud of his new profession as a teacher.

Na jaren in dezelfde werk te hebben gewerkt, besloot ze een carrièreswitch te maken.

After working in the same job for years, she decided to make a career switch.

Zij is op zoek naar een werk in de IT-sector.

She is looking for employment in the IT sector.

a profession, job, employment, line of work

De kunstenaar heeft veel werken tentoongesteld in de galerij.

The artist has exhibited many works in the gallery.

Het schilderij is een prachtig werk van deze bekende kunstenaar.

The painting is a beautiful creation of this famous artist.

De architectuur van het gebouw is een indrukwekkend staaltje werk.

The architecture of the building is an impressive piece of work.

a product, creation; production, output, result of work


wetenschap

Afrikaans: wetenskap

Negerhollands: wetenskap

desc

→ Indonesian: ilmu pengetahuan (semantic loan)

From Middle Dutch wetenschap. Equivalent to weten + -schap.

Hoe kan ik hieraan meedoen in de wetenschap dat het uiteindelijk toch voor niets zal zijn?

How can I participate in this knowing that it will ultimately be for nought?

science, scholarly knowledge, scholarship (collective discipline of learning acquired through any scholarly method; totality of knowledge)

any academic discipline; in general, the sciences and humanities taken as a whole


wiel

nl-noun

wiel n (plural wielen, diminutive wieltje n or wieletje n)

wielen (plural)
wieltje (diminutive neuter)
wieletje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: wiel

Negerhollands: wiel, wil

→ Caribbean Javanese: wil

→ Papiamentu: wil

→ Sranan Tongo: wiri

From Middle Dutch wiel, from Old Dutch *wiol, from Proto-Germanic *hwehwlą, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷekʷlóm, *kʷékʷlos.


woord

woord n (plural woorden, diminutive woordje n)

woorden (plural)
woordje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: woord

Berbice Creole Dutch: woto, wot, wotro

Jersey Dutch: wôrd

Negerhollands: woord, woort, word, wort

→ Virgin Islands Creole: wod (dated)

Petjo: woord

→ Sranan Tongo: wortu

→ Saramaccan: woútu

From Middle Dutch wort, from Old Dutch wort, from Proto-West Germanic *word, from Proto-Germanic *wurdą, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰh₁om. Doublet of verbum.


wens

wens m (plural wensen, diminutive wensje n)

wensen (plural)
wensje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: wensch

→ Aukan: winsi

→ Sranan Tongo: winsi

From Middle Dutch wensch, next to eastern wonsch, from Old Dutch *wunsk, from Proto-West Germanic *wunsk, from Proto-Germanic *wunskaz.
Cognate with German Wunsch, English wish, West Frisian winsk, Danish ønske.


wereld

wereld f or m (plural werelden, diminutive wereldje n)

werelden (plural)
wereldje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: wêreld

From Middle Dutch werelt, from Old Dutch werold, werolt, from Proto-West Germanic *weraldi, from Proto-Germanic *weraldiz, from Proto-Germanic *weraz (“man”) + *aldiz (“time, age, old”), hence "age of man".
Cognate to West Frisian wrâld, English world, German Welt, Swedish värld.

De aarde is een prachtige wereld vol diversiteit.

The Earth is a beautiful world full of diversity.

De werelden van wetenschap en kunst kunnen soms samenkomen.

The worlds of science and art can sometimes intersect.

In het kleine wereldje van de mode heersen vaak grote ego's.

In the small world of fashion, big egos often reign.


wijn

wijn m (plural wijnen, diminutive wijntje n)

wijnen (plural)
wijntje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: wyn

Berbice Creole Dutch: win

Negerhollands: wien, win

→ Saramaccan: wín

→? Sranan Tongo: win

→ Lokono: wing

→ Caribbean Javanese: win

From Middle Dutch wijn, from Old Dutch wīn, from Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Latin vīnum.

Ze genoten van een glas rode wijn bij het diner.

They enjoyed a glass of red wine with dinner.

Deze wijn komt uit Frankrijk en staat bekend om zijn kwaliteit.

This wine comes from France and is known for its quality.

Hij heeft een mooie collectie wijnen in zijn wijnkelder.

He has a nice collection of wines in his wine cellar.

wine (an alcoholic beverage produced by a certain fermentation procedure; unless otherwise specified or indicated by context, made from grapes)


wolk

wolk f (plural wolken, diminutive wolkje n)

wolken (plural)
wolkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: wolk

Negerhollands: wolk

→ Sranan Tongo: wolku

→ Aukan: woluku

→ Saramaccan: wolúku

From Middle Dutch wolke, from Old Dutch wulko, from Proto-West Germanic *wolkn.

De zon verdween achter de wolken.

visible mass of matter, in the medium air, resembling an atmospheric cloud

Door het gespartel van de kinderen vertroebelde het water van wolken en we konden geen vissen meer zien.

Because of the children's splashing the water got muddied with clouds and we couldn't see any fish anymore.

visible mass of matter in any medium, resembling an atmospheric cloud

Hij is de trotse vader van een wolk van een zoon geworden.

He has become the proud father of a bouncing baby boy.

(figuratively) paragon of health (said of newborns)


antwoord

antwoord n (plural antwoorden, diminutive antwoordje n)

antwoorden (plural)
antwoordje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: antwoord

Negerhollands: antwoord, anturt

→ Sranan Tongo: antwortu

→ Caribbean Javanese: antwor

From Middle Dutch antworde, from Old Dutch andworde, from Proto-Germanic *andawurdiją. Cognate to German Antwort.

Wie weet het juiste antwoord?


avond

avond m (plural avonden, diminutive avondje n)

avonden (plural)
avondje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: aand

Berbice Creole Dutch: tafn

Jersey Dutch: âvond

Negerhollands: avond, navont

From Middle Dutch âvont, from Old Dutch āvont, from Proto-West Germanic *ābanþ, from Proto-Germanic *ēbanþs.

We eten meestal rond 7 uur in de avond.

Op een koude avond zaten we voor de open haard.

On a cold night, we sat by the fireplace.


cirkel

cirkel m (plural cirkels, diminutive cirkeltje n)

cirkels (plural)
cirkeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: sirkel

→ Caribbean Javanese: sirkel

→ Papiamentu: serkel, cirkel

→ West Frisian: sirkel

From Middle Dutch cirkel, from Latin circulus or Old French cercle, itself from Latin.


boerderij

boerderij f (plural boerderijen, diminutive boerderijtje n)

boerderijen (plural)
boerderijtje (diminutive neuter)
boererij (alternative archaic dialectal)

→ Caribbean Javanese: buderèi

From boeren (“to farm”) + -erij (“place associated with an activity”), with the interfixed -d- originally being a dialectal element.


avondeten

Afrikaans: aandete

From Middle Dutch avonteten. Equivalent to avond (“evening”) + eten (“meal, food”).


baan

nl-noun

baan f (plural banen, diminutive baantje n)

banen (plural)
baantje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: baan

→ Indonesian: ban

From Middle Dutch bāne, from Old Dutch *bana, from Proto-West Germanic *banu, from Proto-Germanic *banō. Compare German Bahn.

Ik zit al acht uur op de baan.

I've sat on the road for eight hours already.

Ik heb een nieuwe baan.

orbit (path of one object around another)

(computing) a job (task, or series of tasks, carried out in batch mode)

(sports, ball games) court, field (place for playing sports or games, in particular non-team ball games)


fles

fles f (plural flessen, diminutive flesje n)

flessen (plural)
flesje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: flessis

→ Loup A: plas

→ Mahican: pnàsch

desc

→ Papiamentu: flèshi, fleishi, fleshi, fleisji

From Middle Dutch flassche, flessche, from Old Dutch *flaska, from Proto-West Germanic *flaskā, from Proto-Germanic *flaskǭ.


feest

nl-noun

feest n (plural feesten, diminutive feestje n)

feesten (plural)
feestje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: fees

Negerhollands: feesa

→ Dutch Low Saxon: feest

→ Javanese: fés

→ Sranan Tongo: fesa

→ Caribbean Javanese: fés

→ West Frisian: feestje (diminutive form)

From Middle Dutch fêeste, from Old French feste, from Latin fēstum.


bibliotheek

bibliotheek f (plural bibliotheken, diminutive bibliotheekje n)

bibliotheken (plural)
bibliotheekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: biblioteek

→ Indonesian: bibliotek

From Middle Dutch biblioteke, from Middle French bibliotheque, from Latin bibliothēca, from Ancient Greek βιβλιοθήκη (bibliothḗkē).


broer

broer m (plural broers, diminutive broertje n)

broers (plural)
broertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: broer

Berbice Creole Dutch: brur

desc

Negerhollands: broeer, bruer, bru, bju, butje, boetje, butji, butši

→ Virgin Islands Creole: bru, bro, bruds, butchie

Petjo: broer

Skepi Creole Dutch: broor, blur

→ Papiamentu: broer, broertje, bru

→ Sranan Tongo: brur

From broeder through regular syncope of intervocalic -d- (compare weer, blij, la).

Mijn broer heeft vaak ruzie met zijn klasgenoten.

My brother often gets into fights with his classmates.

Hey broer, hoe heb jij opeens geld voor een nieuwe waggie?

Hey bro, how come you suddenly got money for a new ride?


brug

nl-noun

brug m or f (plural bruggen, diminutive bruggetje n or brugje n)

bruggen (plural)
bruggetje (diminutive neuter)
brugje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: brug

→ Swazi: libhuloho

Berbice Creole Dutch: brogi

Negerhollands: bruk, brök, brugge

Petjo: bruh

→ Javanese: ꦧꦿꦸꦒ꧀ (brug)

→ Papiamentu: brùg, bres

desctree

→ Sranan Tongo: broki
Aukan: booki
Saramaccan: boóki
→ Caribbean Javanese: broki
→ Caribbean Hindustani: broki

From Middle Dutch brugge, from Old Dutch brugga, from Proto-West Germanic *bruggju, from Proto-Germanic *brugjǭ.

(chiefly diminutive) a substantive connection in a discourse allowing one to move from one subject to another


belofte

nl-noun

belofte f (plural beloften or beloftes, diminutive beloftetje n)

beloften (plural)
beloftes (plural)
beloftetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: belofte

Negerhollands: belof, belofnis

From Middle Dutch belofte. Equivalent to beloven + -te.


bodem

bodem m (plural bodems, diminutive bodempje n)

bodems (plural)
bodempje (diminutive neuter)
boom (alternative)
boôm (alternative)

Afrikaans: bodem

→ Papiamentu: bòm, boom

From Middle Dutch bodem, from Old Dutch *bodom, from Proto-West Germanic *botm, from Proto-Germanic *butmaz. Doublet of bottom.

De schat ligt begraven op de bodem van de oceaan.

The treasure is buried on the bottom of the ocean.

De doos stond op de bodem van de kast.

The box was standing on the bottom of the cupboard.

De boer bewerkte de bodem om gewassen te verbouwen.

The farmer cultivated the soil to grow crops.

De planten hebben voedzame bodem nodig om goed te groeien.

The plants need nutritious soil to grow well.

Het leger heeft het grootste deel van het vijandige bodem veroverd.

The army has captured most of the enemy's territory.

De natie verdedigde haar bodem tegen externe dreigingen.

The nation defended its territory against external threats.

De vloot bestond uit verschillende bodems die klaar waren voor het gevecht.

The fleet consisted of several ships ready for battle.

De bodems zeilden over de oceaan op zoek naar avontuur.

The vessels sailed across the ocean in search of adventure.


dak

dak n (plural daken, diminutive dakje n or (rare) daakje n)

daken (plural)
dakje (diminutive neuter)
daakje (diminutive neuter rare)

Afrikaans: dak

Negerhollands: dak

→ Caribbean Hindustani: dák

→ Caribbean Javanese: dag

→ Indonesian: dak

→ Papiamentu: dak

→ Sranan Tongo: daki

From Middle Dutch dac, from Old Dutch thak, from Proto-West Germanic *þak, from Proto-Germanic *þaką, from Proto-Indo-European *teg-.


eeuw

eeuw f (plural eeuwen, diminutive eeuwtje n)

eeuwen (plural)
eeuwtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: eeu

From Middle Dutch êwe, from Old Dutch ēwa, from Proto-West Germanic *aiw, from Proto-Germanic *aiwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyu- (“vital force”).

der

De kathedraal is al meer dan twee eeuwen oud.

The cathedral is over two centuries old.

In de geschiedenis van de mensheid zijn er eeuwen van vooruitgang geweest.

In the history of mankind, there have been centuries of progress.

Het duurde eeuwen voordat het eten eindelijk klaar was.

It took ages for the food to finally be ready.

Het voelde alsof ik een eeuw moest wachten voordat ze terugkwam.

It felt like I had to wait an eternity before she returned.

Wacht alsjeblieft niet eeuwen met het nemen van een beslissing.

Please don't wait forever to make a decision.

De trein lijkt altijd te komen wanneer je denkt dat het nog eeuwen zal duren.

The train always seems to arrive when you think it will still be ages away.

(by extension) many years, a very long time; far too long, (an) eternity


doos

nl-noun

doos f (plural dozen, diminutive doosje n)

dozen (plural)
doosje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: doos
→ English: doos

Berbice Creole Dutch: dosi

→ Aukan: dosu

→ Caribbean Javanese: dhus, dhos

→ Indonesian: dus (“box”)

→ Malay: dos

→ Papiamentu: doshi, doosje (from the diminutive)

desctree

→ Sranan Tongo: dosu
→ Lokono: dosu
→ Caribbean Hindustani: dosu

From Middle Dutch dose (since 1361), probably from Latin dosis (“prescribed portion of medication”), metonymically transferred to the small box in which a dose of medication was given.

der

(derogatory, vulgar) stupid female, cunt, twat (objectionable woman)


feit

nl-noun

feit n (plural feiten, diminutive feitje n)

feiten (plural)
feitje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: fèit

From Middle Dutch feit, fait, from Old French fait.


gevangenis

gevangenis f (plural gevangenissen, diminutive gevangenisje n)

gevangenissen (plural)
gevangenisje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gevangenis

Negerhollands: gevangnis

→ West Frisian: gefangenis

/ɣəˈvɑ.ŋəˌnɪs/

From Middle Dutch gevancnesse. By surface analysis, gevangene + -nis. Cognate with German Gefängnis.

a jail, a prison; especially an institution where convicts are incarcerated, but sometimes used more generally


gereedschap

gereedschap n (plural gereedschappen, diminutive gereedschapje n)

gereedschappen (plural)
gereedschapje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gereedskap

Jersey Dutch: grêskap

Negerhollands: gereedskap

Petjo: gereedschappen

From Middle Dutch gereetschap. Equivalent to gereed (“prepared, ready”) + -schap (“-ship”).


groente

nl-noun

groente f (plural groenten or groentes, diminutive groentje n or groentetje n or groenteke n)

groenten (plural)
groentes (plural)
groentje (diminutive neuter)
groentetje (diminutive neuter)
groenteke (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: groente

→ Sranan Tongo: gruntu

→ Aukan: guluntu

→ Saramaccan: gulúntu


hoek

hoek m (plural hoeken, diminutive hoekje n)

hoeken (plural)
hoekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hoek

Berbice Creole Dutch: hoek

Jersey Dutch: hûk

Negerhollands: hoek

desc

→ Indonesian: hoek, hook, huk (“land or building at a corner”)

→ Papiamentu: huki, hoeki

→ Sranan Tongo: huku, uku

→ Caribbean Hindustani: huku

→ Caribbean Javanese: uku

→ Kari'na: ukuru

→ Manado Malay: huk (“corner”)

From Middle Dutch hoec, huoc, from Old Dutch *huok, from Proto-West Germanic *hōk, from Proto-Germanic *hōkaz (“hook”), from Proto-Indo-European *kog-, *keg-, *keng- (“peg, hook, claw”).


glimlach

nl-noun

glimlach m (plural glimlachen, diminutive glimlachje n)

glimlachen (plural)
glimlachje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: glimlag

From glimmen (“to glow; shine”) + lach, perhaps euphemistically remodelling an older form, grimlach, which carried a somewhat negative connotation.


beest

beest n (plural beesten, diminutive beestje n or (Netherlands, informal) beessie n)

beesten (plural)
beestje (diminutive neuter)
beessie (Netherlands diminutive informal neuter)

Afrikaans: bees

Jersey Dutch: bêst, beîśe

Negerhollands: beest

→ Papiamentu: bichi

→ Sranan Tongo: beist

From Middle Dutch beeste, from beste, from Old French beste, from Latin bēstia.

Er zit een beestje in m'n soep.

De folteraars van de grenspolitie waren sadistische beesten.

The torturers of the border police were sadistic beasts.

Ze is een beest.

(figurative) a cruel, wild, uncivilised, uninhibited or brutal person


gebied

gebied n (plural gebieden, diminutive gebiedje n)

gebieden (plural)
gebiedje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch gebiet. Cognate with and semantically influenced by German Gebiet.


deksel

deksel n or m (plural deksels, diminutive dekseltje n)

deksels (plural)
dekseltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: deksel

→ Yeyi: ìdékìsèrè

From Middle Dutch decsel. Equivalent to dekken (“to cover”) + -sel.


goud

Afrikaans: goud

Berbice Creole Dutch: gautu

Negerhollands: gaut, goud, gout

Skepi Creole Dutch: gaut

→ Sranan Tongo: gowtu

→ Caribbean Javanese: gautu

→ Saramaccan: góútu

→ Trió: koutu

From Middle Dutch gout, from Old Dutch golt, from Proto-West Germanic *golþ, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą.

zwart goud

zwart goud

blauw goud


chocolade

Afrikaans: sjokolade

→ Lokono: sokolati

→ Aukan: sukaati

→ Caribbean Hindustani: shokolá

→ German: Schokolade (see there for further descendants)

desc

→ Indonesian: coklat, cokelat, cokola, soklat

→ Petjo: tjoklat

→ West Frisian: sûkelade

From Spanish chocolate, from a Nahuatl [Term?] word, though it is not clear precisely which one. See chocolate for more.


grootvader

nl-noun

grootvader m (plural grootvaders, diminutive grootvadertje n, feminine grootmoeder)

grootvaders (plural)
grootvadertje (diminutive neuter)
grootmoeder (feminine)

Afrikaans: grootvader

Negerhollands: groottatta, groottaa

→ Virgin Islands Creole: gropupa (dated)

From groot- + vader, calque of Middle French grandpere.


honger

Afrikaans: honger

Berbice Creole Dutch: hungru

Skepi Creole Dutch: hunger

→? Sranan Tongo: angri, hangri

→ Saramaccan: hángi, ángi

From Middle Dutch honger, from Old Dutch hunger, from Proto-West Germanic *hungr, from Proto-Germanic *hungruz.

Mijn buik rammelt van de honger.


hemel

hemel m (plural hemelen, diminutive hemeltje n)

hemelen (plural)
hemeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hemel

Negerhollands: hemel, himun, himul

→ Virgin Islands Creole: hemel (dated)

→ Sranan Tongo: heimel

From Middle Dutch hēmel, from Old Dutch himil, from Proto-West Germanic *himil.

De hemel was helder en vol sterren.

Er is geen wolkje aan de hemel.

Veel mensen geloven dat goede zielen naar de hemel gaan.

Many people believe that good souls go to heaven.

Hij gelooft dat zijn grootouders nu in de hemel zijn.

He believes his grandparents are now in heaven.

En jij gelooft in God, dus jij gaat naar de hemel.
En ik geloof in niks, dus we komen elkaar na de dood, na de dood, nooit meer tegen.

And you believe in God, so you will go to heaven.
And I believe in nothing, so after death, after death, we shall never meet again.

heaven (divine abode; type of afterlife)


hemel

hemel m (plural hemels, diminutive hemeltje n)

hemels (plural)
hemeltje (diminutive neuter)


hoeveelheid

hoeveelheid f (plural hoeveelheden, diminutive hoeveelheidje n)

hoeveelheden (plural)
hoeveelheidje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hoeveelheid

From hoeveel + -heid, calque of Latin quantitās.


krant

krant f (plural kranten, diminutive krantje n)

kranten (plural)
krantje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: koerant

→ Caribbean Javanese: koran

→ Indonesian: koran

→ Javanese: ꦏꦺꦴꦫꦤ꧀ (koran)

→ Papiamentu: korant

desctree

→ Sranan Tongo: koranti
Aukan: kolanti
→ Caribbean Hindustani: koraanti
→ Caribbean Javanese: kranti

From earlier courant, from French courant.

Ik lees elke ochtend de krant.

Kun je de krant doorgeven?

De krant meldde het grote nieuws.


heuvel

nl-noun

heuvel m (plural heuvels, diminutive heuveltje n)

heuvels (plural)
heuveltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: heuwel

From Middle Dutch hoevel, huevel, hovel, huffel, from Old Dutch huvil, from Proto-Germanic *hubilaz. Cognate with Middle Low German hovel, Old High German hubil, Middle High German hübel, dialectal German Hübel, Luxembourgish Hiwwel. More distantly related to Old Saxon hobar, Old High German hovar, Old English hovar as well as Old English hȳf (modern English hive).
Potential wider cognates include Lithuanian kupra, kupstas, kaupas, Polish kupa.
Compare heup.


jaar

jaar n (plural jaren, diminutive jaartje n)

jaren (plural)
jaartje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: jaar

Berbice Creole Dutch: jari

Jersey Dutch: jâr

Negerhollands: jaer, jaar, yer

Sranan Tongo: yari

Aukan: yali

Saramaccan: jáa

→ Caribbean Javanese: yari

From Middle Dutch jâer, from Old Dutch jār, from Proto-Germanic *jērą, from Proto-Indo-European *yeh₁-.

Een jaar op Mars duurt ongeveer 687 aardse dagen.

A year on Mars lasts about 687 Earth days.

Het is bijna een jaar geleden dat we elkaar zagen.

It's almost a year since we last saw each other.

Elk jaar vieren we onze trouwdag.

Every year, we celebrate our wedding anniversary.

year (the time it takes the Earth to circle the Sun; its equivalent on other planets)

Het jaar 2023 zal hun afstudeerjaar zijn.

The year 2023 will be their graduation year.

Alle studenten van het jaar 2020 zijn uitgenodigd voor de reünie.

All students from the year 2020 are invited to the reunion.

Ze was de beste student van haar jaar.

year (the individuals associated with a year, notably the students in or graduates from an annual class at school)


kaars

kaars f or m (plural kaarsen, diminutive kaarsje n)

kaarsen (plural)
kaarsje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kers

Negerhollands: kaers, kės, keers

From Middle Dutch kerse, cāerse, from Old High German kerza, from either Latin cērāta or Latin charta. See German Kerze for more.


raam

raam n or f or m (plural ramen, diminutive raampje n)

ramen (plural)
raampje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: raam

→ Indonesian: ram

→ Papiamentu: rampi (from the diminutive)

From Middle Dutch rame. Cognate with Middle Low German rāme, Old High German rama (German Rahmen). Origin uncertain, but perhaps related with English rim, Saterland Frisian Rim.


raam

raam m (plural ramen, diminutive raampje n)

run, as preparation (notably for a jump)


antwoorden

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


dromen

→ Papiamentu: drumi


gebeuren

something which is happening or which happened; event


buurman

nl-noun

buurman m (plural buurmannen, diminutive buurmannetje n, feminine buurvrouw)

buurmannen (plural)
buurmannetje (diminutive neuter)
buurvrouw (feminine)

Afrikaans: buurman

Jersey Dutch: buerman

Manado Malay: birman

Negerhollands: buurman, bierman, biren

→ Aukan: biiman

→ Sranan Tongo: birman


buurvrouw

buurvrouw f (plural buurvrouwen, diminutive buurvrouwtje n)

buurvrouwen (plural)
buurvrouwtje (diminutive neuter)

→ Aukan: biifolow

→ Sranan Tongo: birfrow

From buur (“neighbour”) + vrouw (“woman”).


bui

bui f (plural buien, diminutive buitje n)

buien (plural)
buitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bui

→ German: Bö

→ Norwegian Bokmål: byge

→ Papiamentu: beis

→? Saterland Frisian: Böije

→ West Frisian: bui

Of unknown origin, with no known cognates in Germanic. The word may be related to Ancient Greek φῦσα (phûsa, “blast of wind, breath”); see that entry for cognates.

unk

unknown

cog

shower (rain), or generally a bout (of bad weather such as snow)


beroep

nl-noun

beroep n (plural beroepen, diminutive beroepje n)

beroepen (plural)
beroepje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: beroep

From Middle Dutch beroep. Equivalent to a deverbal from beroepen.

Mijn beroep is leraar.

Ze volgde haar passie en maakte er haar beroep van.

She followed her passion and made it her vocation.

Het beroep van dokter is zeer respectabel.

The profession of a doctor is very respectable.

Hij deed een beroep op de rechter voor rechtvaardigheid.

He made an appeal to the judge for justice.

Ze deden een emotioneel beroep op het publiek om te doneren.

They made an emotional appeal to the public to donate.

appeal (act of invoking or appealing to something or someone, notably a higher jurisdiction)

Hij tekende beroep aan tegen de uitspraak van de rechtbank.

He filed an appeal against the court's verdict.

Het beroep zal worden gehoord door een hogere rechtbank.

The appeal will be heard by a higher court.

(Christianity) an invitation to ministry in a particular parish or congregation


blauw

blauw n (plural blauwen, diminutive blauwtje n)

blauwen (plural)
blauwtje (diminutive neuter)
blouw (alternative misspelling)
blaauw (alternative)

Afrikaans: blou

Berbice Creole Dutch: blau

Jersey Dutch: blāu

Negerhollands: blauw, blou, blau

Petjo: blaoe, blauw, blauwe

→ Lokono: barautho

→ Caribbean Hindustani: bláu

→ Indonesian: belau

→ Papiamentu: blou, blaauw

→ Sranan Tongo: blaw

Aukan: baaw

→ Caribbean Javanese: blau

→ Saramaccan: baáu

→ Warao: hebulau, jeburau

From Middle Dutch blau, blauwe, from Old Dutch *blāo, from Proto-West Germanic *blāu, from Proto-Germanic *blēwaz. Doublet of bleu.

police (especially in the phrase: blauw op straat (“police on the street”))


blij

blij n (plural blijen, diminutive blijtje n)

blijen (plural)
blijtje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch bli (“lead (metal)”), from Old Dutch *blī, from Proto-West Germanic *blīwī, from Proto-Germanic *blīwiją.


donker

From Middle Dutch donker, dunker, from Old Dutch *dunkar, from Proto-Germanic *dunkalaz, *dunkaraz.

(with definite article) darkness, the dark


normaal

(mathematics) normal (line or vector perpendicular to another element)


zoet

an endearment similar to English sweetie or sweetheart


zoet

From Middle Dutch soet, from Proto-Germanic *sōtą.


jong

jong n (plural jongen, diminutive jonkie n or jongske n)

jongen (plural)
jonkie (diminutive neuter)
jongske (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: jong, juṅ

→ Virgin Islands Creole: jun (dated)

From Middle Dutch jonc, from Old Dutch junc, from Proto-West Germanic *jung, from Proto-Germanic *jungaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yuh₁n̥ḱós. Compare German jung, English young, Danish ung, Icelandic ungur.

a young: a young being, especially an immature animal


druk

druk m (plural drukken, diminutive drukje n)

drukken (plural)
drukje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: druk

Negerhollands: dryk

From Middle Dutch druc. Equivalent to a deverbal from drukken. Cognate with German Druck.

Ik presteer het best onder druk.

De druk in deze kamer is te laag.

Met toenemende diepte neemt de druk in de oceaan toe.

With increasing depth, the pressure in the ocean increases.

De druk van het gas in de cilinder is constant.

The pressure of the gas in the cylinder is constant.

De tweede druk van het boek bevatte enkele correcties.

The second edition of the book contained some corrections.

Ik heb de eerste druk van die roman.

I have the first printing of that novel.

Deze druk is uitverkocht, maar we verwachten snel een nieuwe.

This edition is sold out, but we expect a new one soon.


kado

kado n (plural kado's, diminutive kadootje n)

kado's (plural)
kadootje (diminutive neuter)

Welke zot heb me schoorsteen verstopt met kado's? (Hollandic)

What madman clogged me chimney up with presents?

(informal) superseded spelling of cadeau


kasteel

kasteel n (plural kastelen, diminutive kasteeltje n)

kastelen (plural)
kasteeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kasteel

Negerhollands: kastell

→ Mahican: găstēnik

→ Malay: kastil

Indonesian: kastel, kastil

→ Papiamentu: kastel

→ West Frisian: kastiel

From Middle Dutch castēel, from Old Northern French castel, from Latin castellum. Doublet of Kessel, chateau, Castilië, castellum, ketella, and telo.

doublet

(by extension) any large, opulent building, in particular a residence

(nautical, historical) a raised fortification on late mediaeval ships


kantoor

nl-noun

kantoor n (plural kantoren, diminutive kantoortje n)

kantoren (plural)
kantoortje (diminutive neuter)
comptoir (alternative)
camptoir (alternative)
comtoir (alternative)
comtoor (alternative)
cantoor (alternative)
cantoir (alternative)
komptoor (alternative)
komptoir (alternative)
komtoor (alternative)
komtoir (alternative)
kamtoor (alternative)
kontoor (alternative)
kontoir (alternative)

Afrikaans: kantoor

→ Balinese: ᬓᬦ᭄ᬢᭀᬃ (kantor, “office”)

→ Caribbean Javanese: kantor

desc

→ English: cantore (“Dutch trading post”)

desctree

→ Malay: kantor
→ Min Nan: 幹刀 /干刀 (kàn-to), 干多 (kan-to)

→ Javanese: ꦏꦤ꧀ꦠꦺꦴꦂ (kantor, “office”)

→ Lindu: kantoro

→ Minangkabau: kantua

→ Papiamentu: kantor, kantoor

→ Sundanese: kantor (“office”)

→ Sranan Tongo: kantoro

→ Aukan: kantoo

→ Caribbean Hindustani: kantoro

→ Tamil: கந்தோர் (kantōr)

From Middle Dutch cantoor, from Old French comtoir.


keuken

nl-noun

keuken f (plural keukens, diminutive keukentje n)

keukens (plural)
keukentje (diminutive neuter)

→ Sranan Tongo: kukru

→ Caribbean Hindustani: kukru

LL-Q7411 (nld)-Robin van der Vliet-keuken.wav

From Middle Dutch cuekene, from Old Dutch *cukina, from Proto-West Germanic *kukinā, from Late Latin cocīna, from earlier coquīna.

de Franse keuken


kok

kok m (plural koks, diminutive kokje n, feminine kokkin)

koks (plural)
kokje (diminutive neuter)
kokkin (feminine)

Afrikaans: kok

Negerhollands: kokki, koki (from the diminutive)

→ Caribbean Javanese: koki (from the diminutive)

→ French: coq

→ Indonesian: koki (from the diminutive)

→ Petjo: koki, kokkie

→ Malayalam: കോക്കി (kōkki) (from the diminutive)

→ Japanese: コック (kokku)

→ Papiamentu: kòki, kokki (from the diminutive)

→ Russian: кок (kok)

From Middle Dutch coc, from Latin coquus.


koning

koning m (plural koningen, diminutive koninkje n, feminine koningin)

koningen (plural)
koninkje (diminutive neuter)
koningin (feminine)

Afrikaans: koning

Negerhollands: koning, kiniṅ

→ Mohegan-Pequot: kunnung

→ Sranan Tongo: kownu

→ Lokono: kónoe

→ Aukan: konu

→ Kari'na: konu

From Middle Dutch cōninc, from Old Dutch cuninc, from Proto-West Germanic *kuning, from Proto-Germanic *kuningaz. Cognate to English king.


koningin

koningin f (plural koninginnen, diminutive koninginnetje n, masculine koning)

koninginnen (plural)
koninginnetje (diminutive neuter)
koning (masculine)

Negerhollands: koninginne, kooningin

/ˌkoːnɪˈŋɪn/

From Middle Dutch coninginne, from Old Dutch kuninginna. Equivalent to koning (“king”) + -in (“suffix indicating femininity”).

suffix

queen
female monarchic ruler of a kingdom


koorts

nl-noun

koorts f (plural koortsen, diminutive koortsje n)

koortsen (plural)
koortsje (diminutive neuter)
koors (alternative obsolete)

Afrikaans: koors

Berbice Creole Dutch: kosu

Jersey Dutch: kôz

Negerhollands: koorts, koors

Skepi Creole Dutch: kors, coursa

→ Aukan: kolusu

→ Sranan Tongo: korsu

→ Caribbean Javanese: korsu

→ West Frisian: koarts

From Middle Dutch coorts, corts, curts. Related to Middle Low German korts (“fever”), possibly abbreviated from a phrase containing korts (“short”), from Middle High German kurz.
An indirect relationship with kool (“coal”) has been suggested, via Proto-Indo-European *ǵwelH- (“burn, shine”); compare Sanskrit ज्वलति (jválati, “burn brightly, blaze”) and जूर्ति (jūrti, “fever”). But this is quite speculative as all Germanic derivatives of this root have the sense of "coal", and it is formally unlikely.


knie

nl-noun

knie f (plural knieën, diminutive knietje n)

knieën (plural)
knietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: knie

Berbice Creole Dutch: kini

Jersey Dutch: k'nî

Negerhollands: kni, kini, knie

→ Papiamentu: kinichi (from the diminutive)

→ Sranan Tongo: kindi, kni, kini

→ Aukan: kini

→ Kari'na: kini

→ Saramaccan: kiní

From Middle Dutch cnie, from Old Dutch *cnio, from Proto-West Germanic *kneu, from Proto-Germanic *knewą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu.

(chiefly diminutive) a kneeing, a prod or blow with the knee


lepel

lepel m (plural lepels, diminutive lepeltje n)

lepels (plural)
lepeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: lepel

Berbice Creole Dutch: leple

Jersey Dutch: lêpel

Negerhollands: leepel, leppu

Skepi Creole Dutch: lepel

→ Lokono: lepele

From Middle Dutch lēpel, from Old Dutch *lepil, from Proto-West Germanic *lapil. Equivalent to leppen + -el.


leeuw

leeuw m (plural leeuwen, diminutive leeuwtje n, feminine leeuwin)

leeuwen (plural)
leeuwtje (diminutive neuter)
leeuwin (feminine)

Afrikaans: leeu

Negerhollands: leeuw

→ Papiamentu: leeuw (dated)

→ Sranan Tongo: lew

From Middle Dutch leeuwe, from Old Dutch lewo, from Latin leō, from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn).

Nederlandse leeuw

Vlaamse leeuw


leeuw

leeuw n (plural leeuwen, diminutive leeuwtje n)

leeuwen (plural)
leeuwtje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch leeuwe, from Old Dutch leo.

(obsolete, in toponyms only) burial mound


liefde

Afrikaans: liefde

Negerhollands: liefde, lievft

From Middle Dutch lievede, from Old Dutch *lievitha, from Proto-West Germanic *liubiþu. Cognate with West Frisian leafde (“love”), German Low German Leevde, Leevd (“love”), German Liebde, Liebden (archaic form of address).


lichaam

lichaam n (plural lichamen, diminutive lichaampje n)

lichamen (plural)
lichaampje (diminutive neuter)
ligchaam (alternative obsolete)

Afrikaans: liggaam

Negerhollands: lichaam, likam

→ Indonesian: badan (semantic loan)

From Middle Dutch lichame, lechame, from Old Dutch lichamo, from Proto-West Germanic *līkahamō, from Proto-Germanic *līkahamô (“body, bodily frame, corpse”), equivalent to lijk (“body, lich”) + haam (“covering, cover”).

compound

(law) legal body, organisation such as a corporation, association or assembly


maand

nl-noun

maand f (plural maanden, diminutive maandje n)

maanden (plural)
maandje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: maand

Jersey Dutch: mânt, mônt, mönt

Negerhollands: maent, maand

From Middle Dutch mâent, from Old Dutch *mānoth, from Proto-West Germanic *mānōþ, from Proto-Germanic *mēnōþs, from a derivative of Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s (“moon, month”).


maan

nl-noun

maan f (plural manen, diminutive maantje n)

manen (plural)
maantje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: maan

Berbice Creole Dutch: manti

Jersey Dutch: mân, môn

Negerhollands: maand, man, maen

→ Aukan: manti

From Middle Dutch mâne, from Old Dutch *māno, from Proto-West Germanic *mānō, from Proto-Germanic *mēnô, from Proto-Indo-European *mḗh₁n̥s.
The Germanic word was originally masculine (compare German Mond), but it became feminine in Early Middle Dutch (perhaps by analogy with zon).


maan

From Middle Dutch māne, from Old Dutch *mana, from Proto-West Germanic *manu, from Proto-Germanic *manō.


maaltijd

maaltijd m (plural maaltijden, diminutive maaltijdje n)

maaltijden (plural)
maaltijdje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: maaltyd

desc

Negerhollands: maaltied, maaltit, maeltid

From Middle Dutch maeltijt. Equivalent to maal (“meal”) + tijd (“time”). Compare German Mahlzeit, English mealtide, Icelandic máltíð.

We genoten van een heerlijke maaltijd in het restaurant.

We enjoyed a delicious meal at the restaurant.

Tijdens de lunch hebben we altijd een gezamenlijke maaltijd met collega's.

During lunch, we always have a communal meal with colleagues.

De studenten koken samen en delen de kosten van de gezamenlijke maaltijden in het studentenhuis.

The students cook together and share the costs of the communal meals in the student house.


maag

nl-noun

maag f (plural magen, diminutive maagje n)

magen (plural)
maagje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: maag

Negerhollands: maag

→ Indonesian: mag

From Middle Dutch māge, from Old Dutch *mago, from Proto-West Germanic *magō, from Proto-Germanic *magô.


maag

maag m (plural magen, diminutive maagje n)

From Middle Dutch mâech, from Old Dutch *māg, from Frankish *māg, from Proto-Germanic *mēgaz.
Cognate to German Mag, Gothic 𐌼𐌴𐌲𐍃 (mēgs, “son-in-law”), Swedish måg (“make”).

(archaic) a member of one's kin, a blood relative


kans

kans f (plural kansen, diminutive kansje n)

kansen (plural)
kansje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kans

→ Indonesian: kans

From Middle Dutch canse, borrowed from Old Northern French caance (compare central cheance), from Vulgar Latin *cadentia, from cadere (“to fall”), referring to the falling of dice. Doublet of cadans, cadens, and sjans. Cognate with French chance, English chance.


lucht

lucht f (plural luchten, diminutive luchtje n)

luchten (plural)
luchtje (diminutive neuter)
lugt (alternative obsolete)

Afrikaans: lug

Javindo: luch, luh

Jersey Dutch: lœxt

→ Sranan Tongo: loktu

From Middle Dutch lucht, from Old Dutch *luft, from Proto-West Germanic *luftu, from Proto-Germanic *luftuz.

De frisse lucht in het bos voelde verkwikkend aan.

The fresh air in the forest felt invigorating.

De vogels vlogen hoog in de lucht.

Er hing een vreemde lucht in de kamer.


markt

markt f (plural markten, diminutive marktje n)

markten (plural)
marktje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mark

Negerhollands: markt, market

From Middle Dutch market, marct, from Old Dutch *markat, from Late Latin marcātus, an alternative form of Classical Latin mercātus.

a physical market place, usually a public square

(absolute) The whole of trade, commercial activity

any specific economic sector where competitive trade occurs in goods or services

a single, regular trade event in one (or more coordinated) places, usually in one town; general or sector-specific

Let op je taalgebruik, hoor. We zijn hier niet onder de markt.

Please mind your language. It's not like we're at the market right now.

(Suriname, metonymic, idiomatic) the canopy which covers a food market; the roof structure of a market hall


moeder

moeder f (plural moeders or gemoederen, diminutive moedertje n, masculine vader)

moeders (plural)
gemoederen (plural)
moedertje (diminutive neuter)
vader (masculine)

Afrikaans: moeder

Negerhollands: muder, moeder

From Middle Dutch moeder, from Old Dutch muoder, from Proto-West Germanic *mōder, from Proto-Germanic *mōdēr, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.


meisje

meisjes (plural)
meisken (alternative obsolete)
meisie (alternative)
meissie (alternative)


meisje

Afrikaans: meisie

Jersey Dutch: määiśe

desc

Negerhollands: meeschi, meesche, minśi, menshi, meisje, meissje

Skepi Creole Dutch: meski

Geef het meisje haar boek.

Zijn meisje woont in Enschede.


mensen

Jersey Dutch: mään̈se


minuut

nl-noun

minuut f (plural minuten, diminutive minuutje n)

minuten (plural)
minuutje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: minuut

→ Caribbean Javanese: menit

→ Papiamentu: minit, minüt, minuut

→ Trió: minut

From Middle Dutch minute, from Middle French minute, from Latin minūta.

Het vliegtuig komt aan over twintig minuten.


nieuws

nieuws n (uncountable, diminutive nieuwsje n)

Afrikaans: nuus

Negerhollands: nieuws, nyws


noot

noot f (plural noten, diminutive nootje n)

noten (plural)
nootje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: neut

Jersey Dutch: nœüt, nût

Negerhollands: neet, noot

Skepi Creole Dutch: noot

→ Papiamentu: nechi, neetsje, neetsjie (from the diminutive)

→ Saramaccan: notò

From Middle Dutch nōte, from Old Dutch *nutu, from Proto-West Germanic *hnut, from Proto-Germanic *hnuts, from Proto-Indo-European *knew-.


noot

Afrikaans: noot

→ Indonesian: not

→ Papiamentu: not, noot

From Middle Dutch note, from Old French note, from Latin nota.

note (a commentary or reference appended to a text)


noot

From Proto-Germanic *nautą (“foredeal, profit, property, livestock”).


activiteit

nl-noun

activiteit f (plural activiteiten, diminutive activiteitje n)

activiteiten (plural)
activiteitje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French activité. Equivalent to actief + -teit.

activity (something with which one is occupied)


afspraak

afspraak m or f (plural afspraken, diminutive afspraakje n)

afspraken (plural)
afspraakje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Javanese: afsprak

→ Indonesian: asprak, afspraak

→ Papiamentu: afsprak

→ Sranan Tongo: asprak

We hebben een afspraak gemaakt over de verdeling van de taken.

We made an arrangement about the division of tasks.

Het is belangrijk om duidelijke afspraken te maken in een samenwerking.

It's important to make clear agreements in a collaboration.

We hebben een goede afspraak over de leveringstermijn van de goederen.

We have a good understanding about the delivery time of the goods.

Houd je aan de afspraken die we hebben gemaakt.

We hebben een mondelinge afspraak over de betalingstermijn.

We have an oral agreement about the payment term.

Ik heb een afspraak bij de tandarts morgen.

I have an appointment at the dentist tomorrow.

We hebben een afspraak om elkaar volgende week te ontmoeten.

We have a date to meet each other next week.

Ik kan niet komen, ik heb een afspraak bij de dokter.

I can't come, I have an appointment with the doctor.

Heb je al een afspraak gemaakt met de monteur?

Did you already make an appointment with the mechanic?

Ik heb een belangrijke afspraak vanmiddag, dus ik kan niet mee.

I have an important appointment this afternoon, so I can't come along.


afname

Derived from afnemen on the model of German Abnahme. The same is true of other nouns in -name.

Er is een afname in de vraag naar fossiele brandstoffen.

There is a decrease in the demand for fossil fuels.

decrease, decline, diminution, shrinkage

De afname van nieuwe software heeft onze productiviteit verhoogd.

The acquisition of new software has increased our productivity.

De afname van onze producten is gestegen dit kwartaal.

The sale of our products has increased this quarter.


afval

Negerhollands: afval

→ Caribbean Javanese: afal

From Middle Dutch afval, shortening of slachtafval (“that which fell off from slaughtered meat.”), equivalent to af + val or a deverbal from afvallen. Compare English offal.

Morgen halen ze het afval op.

They're collecting the garbage tomorrow.


afval

Afrikaans: afval

the act of dropping out (of a race etc.)

apostasy, the act of rejecting a previous affiliation or belief


broek

broek f (plural broeken, diminutive broekje n)

broeken (plural)
broekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: broek (see there for further descendants)

Berbice Creole Dutch: bruku

Negerhollands: broek, bruk

→ Akawaio: puuruukuu (via Skepi Creole Dutch)

→ Javanese: ꦧꦿꦸꦏ꧀ (bruk)

→ Lokono: boróko

→ Kupang Malay: baruk, bruk

→ Munsee: pălóok

→ Papiamentu: bruki (from the diminutive)

→ Pemon: puuruukuu (via Skepi Creole Dutch)

→ Russian: брюки (brjuki)

→ Sranan Tongo: bruku (see there for further descendants)

From Middle Dutch broec, from Old Dutch *bruoc, from Proto-West Germanic *brōk.

Mijn broek is te lang.

(chiefly diminutive) a pair of underpants or pants (underwear), bottom part of underwear or swimwear (especially for women)


broek

broek n (plural broeken, diminutive broekje n)


bruiloft

bruiloft f (plural bruiloften, diminutive bruiloftje n)

bruiloften (plural)
bruiloftje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: bruiloft, brylloft

From Middle Dutch bruloft, brulocht. The first element is bruid; -loft is a derivation from the root of lopen (“to walk”) with a dental suffix (compare rucht). The original meaning would thus have been "bride-walk" or perhaps "bride-dance", "bride-leap" or even "bride-abduction" (see *hlaupaną and confer the etymology at Brautlauf). Cognates include German Brautlauf, Old Norse brúðhlaup (Swedish bröllop).

In mijn cultuur is het de gewoonte dat gasten geld meenemen naar de bruiloft.

In my culture, it's the norm for guests to bring cash gifts to the wedding reception.


bedreiging

bedreiging f (plural bedreigingen, diminutive bedreiginkje n)

bedreigingen (plural)
bedreiginkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bedreiging

/bəˈdrɛi̯.ɣɪŋ/

threat, menace (something that poses a risk)

threat, menace (that which expresses a threat)


boete

Negerhollands: boet

→ Caribbean Hindustani: butu

→ Papiamentu: but

→ Sranan Tongo: butu

→ Caribbean Javanese: butu

→ Saramaccan: bútu

From Middle Dutch boete, from Old Dutch *bōta, from Proto-West Germanic *bōtu, from Proto-Germanic *bōtō (“recompense”). Cognate to English bote, boot (“profit, plunder”).


diep

From Middle Dutch diep, from Old Dutch diep, from Proto-West Germanic *deup, from Proto-Germanic *deupaz, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewb-.
Compare Low German diep, deep, West Frisian djip, English deep, German tief, Danish dyb, Norwegian dyp.

the deep, profound part of a body of water


dochter

dochter f (plural dochters, diminutive dochtertje n)

dochters (plural)
dochtertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: dogter

Jersey Dutch: doxter

Negerhollands: dochter, dogter

Petjo: dohter

From Middle Dutch dochter, from Old Dutch dohter, from Proto-West Germanic *dohter, from Proto-Germanic *duhtēr, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰugh₂tḗr.

(figurative) offshoot, something derivative or subordinate


gezicht

gezicht n (plural gezichten, diminutive gezichtje n)

gezichten (plural)
gezichtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gesig

Javindo: gesicht

desc

Negerhollands: gesicht, gesėg, gesė, gesigt

From Middle Dutch gesicht, from Old Dutch gisiht. Equivalent to ge- + zicht.

seeing, the ability to observe visually, vision, sight


geluk

nl-noun

geluk n (plural gelukken, diminutive gelukje n)

gelukken (plural)
gelukje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: geluk

Negerhollands: geluk, gluk, glek, glik

→ Virgin Islands Creole: guck (dated)

→ Caribbean Javanese: khelig

→ Saramaccan: koloku

→ Sranan Tongo: koloku

→ Caribbean Javanese: kolku

→ Kari'na: tykorokuke

From Middle Dutch geluc, further origin unknown. Found only in West Germanic (as a word of native origin). More at German Glück (“joy, bliss, luck”).


geboorte

geboorte f (plural geboorten or geboortes)

Afrikaans: geboorte

Negerhollands: geboort, geboorte

→ West Frisian: geboarte

From Middle Dutch geboorte. Equivalent to ge- + baren + -te.

De geboorte van het kind was een vreugdevolle gebeurtenis.

The birth of the child was a joyful event.

Ze hebben de geboorte van hun dochter in de krant aangekondigd.

They announced the birth of their daughter in the newspaper.

De geboorte van een nieuw idee kan de wereld veranderen.

The birth of a new idea can change the world.


gebruik

gebruik n (plural gebruiken, diminutive gebruikje n)

gebruiken (plural)
gebruikje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gebruik

From Middle Dutch gebruuc. Equivalent to a deverbal from gebruiken.

in gebruik nemen

Het gebruik van het schudden van handen is een veelvoorkomende gewoonte in veel culturen.

The custom of shaking hands is a common practice in many cultures.


grap

grap f (plural grappen, diminutive grapje n)

grappen (plural)
grapje (diminutive neuter)

Related to grijpen. First attested in the 18th century.

(often diminutive) an adverse event or unnecessary item that incurs a considerable cost


grens

grens f (plural grenzen, diminutive grensje n)

grenzen (plural)
grensje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: grens

Borrowed in the 16th century from Middle Low German grense, grenitse and/or German Grenze, both ultimately from Old Polish granica, from Proto-Slavic *granica.


gevaar

gevaar n (plural gevaren, diminutive gevaartje n)

gevaren (plural)
gevaartje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gevaar

Negerhollands: gevaar


geur

geur m (plural geuren, diminutive geurtje n)

geuren (plural)
geurtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: geur

From Middle Dutch gore. Related to Dutch goor.

Ik betrouw dat zaakje niet, er zit een geurtje aan!

I don't trust that affair, there's something fishy about it!

(figuratively) (notably the diminutive, with the indefinite article: een geurtje) An appearance, something associated, especially in a negative sense


genot

Afrikaans: genot

From Middle Dutch ghenot, from Old Dutch *ginot, from Proto-Germanic *ganutą. Related to genieten.


groep

groep f or m (plural groepen, diminutive groepje n)

groepen (plural)
groepje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: groep

→ Caribbean Javanese: grup

→ Indonesian: grup

→ West Frisian: groep

Probably borrowed from Italian gruppo, though possibly borrowed via French groupe. Doublet of krop.

1604, Karel Van Mander, Het schilder-boeck, publ. by Jacob Pietersz. Wachter (print from 1618), page 112.
Hier is ſeer aerdich uytgebeeldt een grouwelijck Zee-onweder / daer oock noch ander Schepen en Schuyten vande felle winden worden bevochten / ſeer wel en met grooter aendacht ghedaen: ghelijck oock is eenen groep beelden in de locht / in verſcheyden ghedaenten van quade gheeſten / die als Winden blaſen / om 't Schip / dat door de raſende golven met riemen crachtelijck wort geroeyt / te beletten.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

circuit in an electrical installation, protected by a circuit breaker


geluid

geluid n (plural geluiden, diminutive geluidje n)

geluiden (plural)
geluidje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: geluid

Petjo: heluit

From Middle Dutch geluut. Equivalent to ge- + luiden (“to sound, resound”).


geloof

geloof n (plural geloven, diminutive geloofje n)

geloven (plural)
geloofje (diminutive neuter)
gelove (alternative archaic)

Afrikaans: geloof

Negerhollands: geloof, gelovf, gloof

From earlier gelove, from Middle Dutch gelôve, from Old Dutch gilōvo, from Proto-Germanic *galaubô.


gebeurtenis

gebeurtenis f (plural gebeurtenissen, diminutive gebeurtenisje n)

gebeurtenissen (plural)
gebeurtenisje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gebeurtenis

/ɣəˈbøːr.təˌnɪs/


gif

gif n (plural giffen, diminutive gifje n)

giffen (plural)
gifje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gif

Negerhollands: gift

From Middle Dutch gift, earlier also gicht, from Old Dutch *gift, from Proto-West Germanic *gifti, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz.
The word gift derives from the same source, and the words were not formally distinguished until early modern Dutch.


grootmoeder

grootmoeder f (plural grootmoeders, diminutive grootmoedertje n, masculine grootvader)

grootmoeders (plural)
grootmoedertje (diminutive neuter)
grootvader (masculine)

Afrikaans: grootmoeder

Negerhollands: grootmama, grootmaa

Skepi Creole Dutch: goamur, goamer

From groot- + moeder, calque of Middle French [Term?].

early 16th century, Evangelien vanden spinrocke metter glosen bescreuen ter eeren vanden vrouwen, "chapter" (paragraph) 11, 1910 edition, page 39, "gloss".
Daer op seyde een goede ghesellinne gheheeten pierine blaulippe Dat capittel heb ic niet al warachtich beuonden want doen ic ginc trouwen Jan blaulip myne man groette mi. mijn grootmoeder biddende dat ic moest hebben goet stijf gemoet dies icse dancte mer nochtans gebuerddet mi anders god betert.


einde

einde n (plural einden or eindes, diminutive eindje n)

einden (plural)
eindes (plural)
eindje (diminutive neuter)


controle

controles (plural)
contrôle (alternative archaic)

Afrikaans: kontrole

→ Caribbean Javanese: kontrolan

→ Indonesian: kontrol

→ Papiamentu: kòntròl

From Middle Dutch contre role, from Middle French contre-rôle. Subsequently influenced by French contrôle.

control (having someone or something in one's power)


conditie

conditie f (plural condities or conditiën)

Afrikaans: kondisie

→ Indonesian: kondisi

Negerhollands: kondischen, konditie

From Middle Dutch condicie, from Old French condicion (French condition), from Latin condiciō.


actief

Afrikaans: aktief

→ Indonesian: aktif

→ Javanese: aktif

Borrowed from Middle French actif, from Latin āctīvus.


jongen

jongen m (plural jongens, diminutive jongetje n)

jongens (plural)
jongetje (diminutive neuter)

Jersey Dutch: jonge

→ Indonesian: jongos

→ Javanese: ꦗꦺꦴꦔꦺꦴꦱ꧀ (jongos)

→ Malay: nyong

→ Sranan Tongo: yongu

From Middle Dutch jongen, dative/accusative form of jonge, a nominal use of jong (“young”). Cognate with German Junge (“boy”).

De jongen speelt in de tuin met zijn bal.

The boy is playing in the garden with his ball.

(in the plural) members of a male 'peers' group, e.g. a military unit

Kom op, jongens, laten we naar buiten gaan en spelen!

Come on, kids/guys, let's go outside and play!

(informal, used in the plural, used in the vocative) Informal term used to address multiple children of masculine or mixed gender; kids, guys (may be considered insufficiently gender-inclusive)

Hé, jongens, hoe gaat het vandaag?

Hey, mates/dudes/bros, how's it going today?

(colloquial, used in the vocative) Colloquial term used by men to address other familiar men; mate, dude, bro

De rijke koopman had een jongen die hem hielp bij zijn dagelijkse taken.

The wealthy merchant had a male servant who assisted him with his daily tasks.

(familiar) a male servant, especially but not exclusively a younger one (using it for older men may be dated and offensive)

De nieuwe medewerker is nog maar een jongen in het vak, dus we moeten hem nog veel leren.

The new employee is still a trainee in the job, so we have to teach him a lot.

(familiar) a male trainee or newcomer in a job


jongen

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


haast

Afrikaans: haas

Negerhollands: hast

From Middle Dutch haest, from Northern Old French haste. Compare with German fast.


hoogte

Negerhollands: hoogte

From Middle Dutch hôgede, from Old Dutch *hōgitha, from Proto-West Germanic *hauhiþu, from Proto-Germanic *hauhiþō, equivalent to hoog + -te.
Cognates
Compare English height, Norwegian høyde, Swedish höjd, Icelandic hæð, Old High German hohida, Gothic hauhiþa.

De hoogte van de berg is meer dan 2000 meter.

The height of the mountain is over 2000 meters.

Het kasteel stond op een duizelingwekkende hoogte boven de vallei.

The castle stood at a dizzying height above the valley.


helft

nl-noun

helft f or m (plural helften, diminutive helftje n)

helften (plural)
helftje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: helfte

Negerhollands: half

From Middle Dutch helft, helfde, from Old Dutch *helvida, from Proto-Germanic *halbiþō.


beker

beker m (plural bekers, diminutive bekertje n)

bekers (plural)
bekertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: beker

Negerhollands: beeker

→ Indonesian: beker

→ Papiamentu: beker

→ Sranan Tongo: beiker

→ Caribbean Javanese: bèker

From Middle Dutch beker, from Latin bicarium, probably a diminutive of Ancient Greek βῖκος (bîkos, “amphora”). Cognate with English beaker.

beaker, cup, chalice (drinking vessel, often but not always without a handle, generally not made of glass)


bezoek

bezoek n (plural bezoeken, diminutive bezoekje n)

bezoeken (plural)
bezoekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: besoek

Negerhollands: besoek

→ Caribbean Javanese: besug

→ Indonesian: besuk

From Middle Dutch besoec. Equivalent to a deverbal from bezoeken.

Ik ga vanavond bij jou op bezoek.

We hebben bezoek.


eenheid

eenheid f (plural eenheden, diminutive eenheidje n)

eenheden (plural)
eenheidje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: eenheid

From Middle Dutch eenheit, likely calque of Latin ūnitās. Some modern senses likely derive from German Einheit. Equivalent to een + -heid, analogous to English oneness.

Het team werkt met eenheid en vastberadenheid aan het gemeenschappelijke doel.

The team works with unity and determination towards the common goal.

De snelheid van het voertuig wordt gemeten in kilometers per uur, een eenheid van snelheid.

The speed of the vehicle is measured in kilometers per hour, a unit of speed.

De speciale eenheid van de politie werd ingezet om de gijzelnemer te overmeesteren.

The police's special unit was deployed to apprehend the hostage-taker.

(military, law enforcement) unit (squad or party; member of a military organisation or law enforcement organisation; division)


gedrag

Negerhollands: draag


geliefde

Afrikaans: geliefde

Negerhollands: geliefde

Substantivized form of the adjective geliefd.


schaar

schaar f (plural scharen, diminutive schaartje n)

scharen (plural)
schaartje (diminutive neuter)

desctree

Afrikaans: skêr
→ Fanagalo: sker
→ Kalanga: ikero
→ Sotho: sekere
→ Xhosa: isikere
→ Zulu: sikelo

Berbice Creole Dutch: skari

Jersey Dutch: sxjêre

Negerhollands: skeer

→ Papiamentu: skèr, schertsje

From Middle Dutch scare, schere, from Old Dutch *skāri, originally a plural form, from Proto-West Germanic *skeran.


schouder

nl-noun

schouder m (plural schouders, diminutive schoudertje n)

schouders (plural)
schoudertje (diminutive neuter)
schouwer (alternative dialectal)

Afrikaans: skouer

Negerhollands: skouder, skou, skowder

→ Papiamentu: skouder, skouru, schouder

→ Sranan Tongo: skowru

→ Aukan: sikoo

From Middle Dutch schoudere, from Old Dutch *sculdero, from Proto-West Germanic *skuldru.