Eijsden-Margraten

Meronyms: Banholt, Bemelen, Berg, Bergenhuizen, Breust, Bruisterbosch, Cadier en Keer, Eckelrade, Eijsden, Gasthuis, Gronsveld, Groot-Welsden, Herkenrade, Honthem, Hoog-Caestert, Hoogcruts, Klein-Welsden, Laag-Caestert, Libeek, Margraten, Mariadorp, Mesch, Mheer, Moerslag, Noorbeek, Oost-Maarland, Rijckholt, Scheulder, Schey, Schilberg, Sint Antoniusbank, Sint Geertruid, Terhorst, Terlinden, Termaar, 't Rooth, Ulvend, Vroelen, Wesch, Withuis, Wolfshuis


Gennep

* (Limburg) First attested as in pago Ganipi in 949. Derived from a hydronym analysable as a compound of Proto-Germanic *gan- (“bright, confluent”) and *apa (“river, current”) suffixed with the locational suffix *-ja-. Compare Genemuiden and Genne.
* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as in ghennepe in 1249. Derived from a hydronym analysable as a compound of Proto-Germanic *gan- (“bright, confluent”) and *apa (“river, current”) suffixed with the locational suffix *-ja-. Compare Genemuiden and Genne.

der

Meronyms: Aaldonk, Dam, De Looi, Diekendaal, Heijen, Hekkens, Milsbeek, Ottersum, Smele, Ven-Zelderheide, Zelder

a city and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands

a hamlet in Eindhoven, North Brabant, Netherlands


Gulpen-Wittem

Meronyms: Beertsenhoven, Berghem, Berghof, Beutenaken, Billinghuizen, Bissen, Bommerig, Broek, Cartils, Crapoel, Dal, De Hut, Diependal, Elkenrade, Elzet, Epen, Eperheide, Etenaken, Euverem, Eys, Eyserheide, Gracht Burggraaf, Gulpen, Heijenrath, Helle, Hilleshagen, Höfke, Hurpesch, Ingber, Kapolder, Kleeberg, Kosberg, Kuttingen, Landsrade, Mechelen, Nijswiller, Overeys, Overgeul, Partij, Pesaken, Piepert, Plaat, Reijmerstok, Schilberg, Schweiberg, Sinselbeek, Slenaken, Stokhem, Terpoorten, Terziet, Trintelen, Wahlwiller, Waterop, Wijlre, Wittem


Heerlen

First attested as Late Latin Coriouallum and Corioualum around 300. Derived from a Germanic calque of an earlier Celtic name. The Germanic term is a compound of Proto-Germanic *harja- (“army”) and *walla (“wall”). An alternative theory posits that the Germanic term was calqued into Celtic. Proposed derivations from *harila (“small sandy ridge”) or a compound of Old Dutch her (“army”) and le (“burial mound”) are incorrect. Compare Heel and Heerle.
See also Limburgish Heële.

Meronyms: Benzenrade, Hoensbroek, Hondsrug, Schurenberg, Ten Esschen


Horst aan de Maas

Named after Horst. The identifier aan de Maas ("on the Meuse") was added to distinguish the municipality from similarly-named places.

Meronyms: America, Broek, Broekeind, Broekhuizen, Broekhuizenvorst, Californië, De Hees, De Heide, De Steegh, De Vorst, Eikelenbosch, Elshout, Evertsoord, Genenberg, Griendtsveen, Grubbenvorst, Gun, Hazenhorst, Hegelsom, Homberg, Horst, Houthuizen, Keuter, Kronenberg, Legert, Lottum, Lovendaal, Meerlo, Megelsum, Melderslo, Meterik, Moleneind, Most, Ooijen, Oostenrijk, Osterbos, Raaieind, Schadijk, Sevenum, Steeg, Stokt, Swolgen, Tienray, Tongerlo, Ulfterhoek, Vinkepas, Wielder, Zeelberg, Zwaanenheike


Kerkrade

First attested as ad ecclesiam in predio quod est Rode in 1108. Compound of kerk (“church”) and rode (“land cleared of trees”) (from Middle Dutch rods, ultimately related to Proto-West Germanic *ruddjan (“to clear”)).
See also Central Franconian Kirchroa.

Meronyms: Eygelshoven, Ham


Landgraaf

First attested as Landgraaf in 1803-1820. Derived from landgraaf (“complex of earthen walls used to defend and delineate territory”). The name initially referred solely to the municipality, but gradually came to be applied to the conurbation within it. Compare Landerd and Landweert.

Meronyms: Hopel, Nieuwenhagen, Rimburg, Schaesberg, Waubach


Leudal

Derived from a compound of the hydronym Leu and dal (“dale, valley”). The municipality was named after a small brook which flows through it.

Meronyms: Aan de Bergen, Aan het Broek, Achter het Klooster, Asbroek, Baexem, Beekkant, Blenkert, Brumholt, Buggenum, Caluna, Castert, De Horck, Dries, Eiland, Eind, Ell, Ellerhei, Gendijk, Geneijgen, Gerhegge, Grathem, Haelen, Haelense Broek, Hanssum, Haler, Heiakker, Heibloem, Heide, Heioord, Heugde, Heythuysen, Hoek, Hollander, Hoogstraat, Horn, Hunsel, Ittervoort, Kappert, Karreveld, Kelpen-Oler, Kinkhoven, Laak, Maxet, Mortel, Neer, Neeritter, Nijken, Nunhem, Op de Bos, Ophoven, Roggel, Schaapsbrug, Schans, Schillersheide, Smidstraat, Strubben, Uffelse, Venne, Vestjenshoek, Vlaas, Waije


Maasgouw

Calque of Vulgar Latin Pagus Mosarium (“Pagus of the Meuse”), a name for the historical Maasgau region under Frankish rule. Equivalent to Maas (“Meuse”) + gouw (“pagus”, Frankish gau).

compound

Frankish <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">gau</i>

Meronyms: Baarstraat, Beegden, Bilt, Brachterbeek, Brandt, Eiland, Heel, Linne, Maasbracht, Ohé en Laak, Osen, Panheel, Pol, Santfort, Stevensweert, Thorn, Weerd, Wessem

administrative region
administrative region

(historical) An administrative region in Francia, roughly corresponding to modern-day Limburg, the Netherlands; Limburg, Belgium; and Liège, Belgium


Meerssen

First attested as marsna in 847. Potentially derived from Proto-Germanic *mari (“body of water, pool, watercourse”) or from a non-Germanic source. Compare Maarssen.
See also Limburgish Meersje.

inh

Meronyms: Broekhoven, Brommelen, Bunde, Genzon, Geulle, Geulle aan de Maas, Hulsen, Humcoven, Hussenberg, Kasen, Moorveld, Oostbroek, Raar, Rothem, Schietecoven, Snijdersberg, Stommeveld, Ulestraten, Vliek, Voulwames, Waterval, Weert, Westbroek

a village and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands


Mook en Middelaar

Meronyms: Bisselt, Heikant, Katerbosch, Middelaar, Mook, Plasmolen, Riethorst


Nuth

First attested as neuta in 1034. Etymology unknown. Perhaps related to Middle Dutch nut (“harvest”) or genieten (“make use of, enjoy”).
See also Limburgish Nut.

unk

unknown

a village and former municipality of Beekdaelen, Limburg, Netherlands


Wognum

First attested as wokgunge in the first half of the 11th century. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from an ancient hydronym derived from Proto-Germanic *wag (“moving water, wave”) suffixed with the rare collectivising suffix Old Dutch -ung-. The toponym is unlikely to derive from a personal name. Compare Weiwerd and Wogmeer.

cog

a village and former municipality of Medemblik, North Holland, Netherlands


Beekdaelen

Derived from a compound of beek (“brook, stream”) and an archaising plural form of daal (“dale, valley”). The municipality is named for the many brooks that flow through it.

Meronyms: Aalbeek, Amstenrade, Arensgenhout, Bingelrade, Brand, Breinder, Brommelen, Doenrade, Etzenrade, Grijzegrubben, Haasdal, Hegge, Heisterbrug, Helle, Hellebroek, Hommert, Hulsberg, Hunnecum, Jabeek, Kamp, Kathagen, Klein-Doenrade, Kling, Kruis, Laar, Merkelbeek, Nagelbeek, Nierhoven, Nuth, Oensel, Oirsbeek, Op de Bies, Puth, Schimmert, Schinnen, Schinveld, Sweikhuizen, Swier, Terstraten, Tervoorst, Thull, Vaesrade, Viel, Vink, Wijnandsrade, Wissengracht, Wolfhagen


Peel en Maas

Derived from the toponym Peel and the hydronym Maas. The municipality was named for its location between its two namesakes.

Meronyms: Baarlo, Belgenhoek, Berg, Beringe, Bong, Broek, De Kievit, Dekeshorst, Dijk, Donk, Driessen, Dubbroek, Egchel, Egchelheide, Everlo, Grashoek, Groeze, Hei, Helden, Heldensedijk, Hert, Hout, Houthei, Houwenberg, Hub, Katsberg, Kaumeshoek, Kessel, Kessel-Eik, Keup, Koningslust, Korte Heide, Laagheide, Laar, Lang Hout, Lange Heide, Leeuwerik, Loo, Maasbree, Maris, Meijel, Molenbaan, Molenhuizen, Nederweerterdijk, Oyen, Panningen, Platveld, Rinkesfort, Roggelse Dijk, Schafelt, Schoorveld, Soeterbeek, Spiesberg, Spurkt, Steenoven, 't Heeske, Tongerlo, 't Rooth, Vergelt, Vieruitersten, Vliegert, Vosberg, Witdonk, Zandberg, Zelen


Roerdalen

Derived from a compound of the hydronym Roer and the plural form of dal (“dale, valley”). The municipality is named after the Roer river, which flows through it.

Meronyms: Aan het Broek, Borg, Etsberg, Herkenbosch, Holst, Lerop, Melick, Montfort, Paarlo, Posterholt, Reutje, Roskam, Rothenbach, Sint Odiliënberg, Tusschen de Bruggen, Vlodrop, Vlodrop-Station, Voorst, Voorsterveld


Simpelveld

First attested as semplouei and senplouoir in 1155. Derived from the Gallo-Roman toponym Latin *Sempervivetum (“Evergreen”), here perhaps referring to a forest of holly. Proposed derivations from *Simploviacum or a compound of Old Dutch semp (“rush”) and lo (“light forest”) do not match well with the oldest attestations. The current form of the toponym developed under the influence of a folk-etymological reinterpration of the name as a compound of simpel (“simple”) and veld (“field”).

Meronyms: Baaks-Sweijer, Baneheide, Bocholtz, Bocholtzerheide, Bosschenhuizen, Broek, Bulkemsbroek, Huls, In de Gaas, Molsberg, Prickart, Vlengendaal, Waalbroek, Zandberg


Vaals

First attested as vals in 1041. Potentially derived from the plural form of Latin vallis (“vale, valley”) or from the dative plural of vallum (“wall”), referring here to a vineyard ringed by earthen walls.
See also Central Franconian Vols.

Meronyms: Camerig, Cottessen, Harles, Holset, Lemiers, Mamelis, Melleschet, Oud-Lemiers, Raren, Rott, Vijlen, Wolfhaag


Valkenburg aan de Geul

Named after Valkenburg. The identifier aan de Geul ("on the Geul") was added to distinguish the municipality from Valkenburg in South Holland.

Meronyms: Berg, Broekhem, Emmaberg, Engwegen, Geulhem, Heek, Heerstraat, Houthem, IJzeren, Keutenberg, Oud-Valkenburg, Schin op Geul, Schoonbron, Sibbe, Sint Gerlach, Strabeek, Strucht, Terblijt, Vilt, Vroenhof, Walem


Venray

First attested as de rode in 1220. Compound of ven (“pool in a forest or heath”) and rode (“land cleared of trees”).

Meronyms: Beek, Blitterswijck, Boddenbroek, Boshuizen, Castenray, Daland, Endepoel, Geijsteren, Haag, Heide, Helling, Hoogriebroek, Kleindorp, Klein Oirlo, Laagriebroek, Leunen, Loobeek, Merselo, Molenhoek, Oirlo, Oostrum, Overbroek, Scheide, Schoor, Smakt, Veulen, Vredepeel, Wanssum, Weverslo, Ysselsteyn, Zandhoek

a town and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands


Voerendaal

First attested as furentele in 1065. Compound of the hydronym Voer (related to varen) and the dative singular form of dal (“dale, valley”).

Meronyms: Barrier, Colmont, Craubeek, Dolberg, Fromberg, Hellebeuk, Klimmen, Koulen, Kruishoeve, Kunderberg, Kunrade, Lubosch, Mingersborg, Opscheumer, Overheek, Ransdaal, Retersbeek, Termaar, Termoors, Terveurt, Ubachsberg, Weustenrade, Winthagen


Cuijk

First attested as Ceuclum around 365. Potentially derived from Proto-Indo-European *geug- (“bend, curve”), here referring to a bend in the Meuse. A competing hypothesis proposes an interpretation of the toponym as a Celtic or Latin name suffixed with Gallo-Roman Latin -acum. Compare Blerick, Bunnik, Geverik, Lopik, Maurik, Mook, Niftrik, Odijk, Varik, Woezik and Fellerich.

a large village and former municipality of Land van Cuijk, North Brabant, Netherlands


Schagen

First attested as scagha at the end of the 11th century. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Dutch scaga (“copse, thicket”).

Meronyms: Abbestede, Bliekenbos, Burgerbrug, Burgervlotbrug, Callantsoog, De Stolpen, Dijkstaal, Dirkshorn, Eenigenburg, Groenveld, Groote Keeten, Grootven, Grotewal, Het Korfwater, Huiskebuurt, Kalverdijk, Keinse, Keinsmerbrug, Kerkbuurt, Krabbendam, Lagedijk, Leihoek, Mennonietenbuurt, Nes, Oudesluis, Petten, Schagerbrug, Schagerwaard, Schoorldam, Sint Maarten, Sint Maartensbrug, Sint Maartensvlotbrug, Sint Maartenszee, Slootgaard, Stolpervlotbrug, Stroet, 't Buurtje, Tjallewal, Tolke, 't Rijpje, Tuitjenhorn, 't Wad, 't Zand, Valkkoog, Waarland, Warmenhuizen, Woudmeer, Zijbelhuizen, Zijpersluis

a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Julianadorp

* (Noord-Holland) First attested as School in 1867. Compound of Juliana + dorp. The village is named after Queen Juliana of the Netherlands. The village received this name in 1909 at the request of Pieter Loopuyt, a descendant of the settlement's founder.
* (Curaçao) Compound of Juliana (a personal name) + dorp (“village, settlement”). Named after Queen Juliana of the Netherlands.
* (Zuid-Holland) Compound of Juliana (a personal name) + dorp (“village, settlement”). Named after Queen Juliana of the Netherlands. The neighbourhood's streets are named after members of the House of Orange.

compound

a village in Den Helder, North Holland, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Zwijndrecht, South Holland, Netherlands


Drachten

First attested as nortdracht and suutdracht in 1444. Derived from the hydronym Dracht, derived in turn from Old Frisian draga (“flow, pull”).

a town and former municipality of Smallingerland, Friesland, Netherlands


Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten

Named after Nuenen, Gerwen and Nederwetten.

Meronyms: Alvershool, Boord, Eeneind, Gerwen, Heerendonk, Hool, Laar, Langlaar, Nederwetten, Nieuwe Dijk, Nuenen, Olen, Opwetten, Rullen, Spekt, Stad van Gerwen

a municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands


Joure

First attested as jeure in the 13th century. Etymology unknown. Potentially derived from the ancient hydronym *Gebharô or (less probably) from West Frisian hjouwer (“oat (Avena sativa)”). Compare Hiaure, De Joere and De Jouwer. See also West Frisian De Jouwer.

unk

unknown

cog

De Fryske Marren
De Fryske Marren#English

a town and former municipality of De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands


Dokkum

First attested as tochingen in 802-822. Potentially derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian Dokko (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- or, alternatively, from dokke (“type of plant, dock”). Compare Docking.

a city and former municipality of Noardeast-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Bolsward

First attested as BODLISWERT in 1038-1057. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian *Bodil (a personal name) and wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name. See also West Frisian Boalsert.

a city and former municipality of Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


IJlst

First attested as jleke and yleke in the 13th century. Etymology unclear. Proposed etymologies from a hydronym *î-laki or from Old Frisian yl (“callus”) (referring here to hardened soil) do not match the oldest attestations. The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.
See also West Frisian Drylts.

unk

unclear


Hindeloopen

First attested as hitinkufe and hintinlvofe around 822-825. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian hinda (“hind, female deer”) and hlop (“jump, leap”), apparently referring to a lower section of fencing which deer could jump over. The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older version of the Frisian name. Compare Hindlip.
See also West Frisian Hylpen.


Workum

First attested as waltercom in 1297. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Waldrik (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.
See also West Frisian Warkum.


Sloten

* (Friesland) First attested as sloten in 1384. Calque of Old Frisian slāt (“ditch, dug watercourse”) in the dative plural form. See also West Frisian Sleat.
* (Noord-Holland) First attested as sloton in the first half of the 11th century. Derived from the dative plural form of the hydronym Slote, derived in turn from Old Dutch slōt (“ditch, dug watercourse”). Formerly an independent village.

inh

a city and former municipality of De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands

a neighbourhood and former municipality of Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands


Stavoren

First attested as stavron in the 10th or beginning of the 11th century. Presumably derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian staver (“pole”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older version of the Frisian name. Compare Spijkenisse, Staverden, Stavenisse and Stavern.
See also West Frisian Starum.


Leiderdorp

First attested as legihan [read: legthan] in 918-948. The settlement lost its original name to Leiden over time. Its current name is a compound of Leiden and dorp (“village, settlement”).

Meronym: Achthoven

a village and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


van Beuren

English: van Beuren

Van Beuren (alternative)
Beuren (alternative)


Dievoet

The surname is derived from the place name in Belgium. As -voet in placenames on occasion alternates with -voort or similar, there are two suggested origins:
* Celtic, meaning "divine ford," akin to Proto-Celtic *deiwos + *ɸritus. This would make the name similar to the French place name Jort from Gaulish *Diuoritum.
* Germanic, meaning "public ford," akin to Proto-Germanic *þeudō + *furduz, compare Dievoort.

(obsolete) The name of a locality in the vicinity of Ukkel


Van Dievoet

English: Van Dievoet

French: Van Dievoet


Vandievoet

→ English: Vandievoet

→ French: Vandievoet


Dievoort

(obsolete) the name of a locality in the vicinity of Breda

part of the surname (Netherlands) Van Dievoort, (Belgium) Vandievoort


Oost-Vlieland

First attested as Oosteijnde in 1511. From a compound of oost (“east-, eastern”) + Vlieland.

a village in Vlieland, Friesland, Netherlands


West-Vlieland

(historical) A former village on Vlieland, lost to the sea in 1736.


Striep

First attested as Zurijp in 1573. Renamed in 2018 after an ancient settlement which was once located slightly west of the current hamlet.
See also West Frisian Stryp.

a hamlet in Terschelling, Friesland, Netherlands


Cruquius

First attested as CRUQUIUS (DE) in 1851. Named after the steam-powered pumphouse De Cruquius that was used to drain the Haarlemmermeer, which in turn was named after Nicholaas Samuelszoon Cruquius. Cruquius had latinised his surname Kruik.

a village in Haarlemmermeer, North Holland, Netherlands


West-Terschelling

First attested as West Ter Schelling in 1773. Compound of west (“west-, western”) + Terschelling.
See also West Frisian West-Skylge.

a village in Terschelling, Friesland, Netherlands


IJmuiden

First attested as IJmuiden in 1848. Compound of IJ (a hydronym) + muide (“mouth (of a river)”); the -n is following toponyms such as Muiden, where it indicates an old dative plural. The name was coined by lawyer and journalist Simon Vissering.

compound

a town in Velsen, North Holland, Netherlands


Schoorl

First attested as scoronlo in 918-948. From Middle Dutch scorle, from Old Dutch scoronlo. Compound of Old Dutch skora (“shore”) and Old Frisian la (“light forest”) or Old Dutch lo (“light forest”).

a village and former municipality of Bergen, North Holland, Netherlands


Pampus

First attested as Pamphuys in 1531. Likely a compound of the term pamp and pus, used here in an older sense to refer to a mucky, swollen mass. The first attestation is a reinterpretation to a compound of pamp and huis (“house”).

A shallow waterway in the IJmeer near Amsterdam, Netherlands.

An artificial island in the IJmeer, Netherlands.

A decommissioned fortress on the island Pampus, officially Fort aan het Pampus, part of the Stelling van Amsterdam, Netherlands.


Buiksloot

Attested as Bukesloot in 1544. Compound of Middle Dutch Buke (a personal name) or boeke (“beech, Fagus sylvatica”) and sloot (“ditch”). Formerly an independent village.


Watergang

/ˈʋaː.tərˌɣɑŋ/

First attested as waterganghe in 1343. Derived from Middle Dutch waterganc (“canal”). Named after a nearby canal.

a village in Waterland, North Holland, Netherlands


Ilpendam

First attested as ypeldamme in 1408. Compound of the hydronym Ilp and Middle Dutch dam (“dam”).

a village and former municipality of Waterland, North Holland, Netherlands


Koedijk

First attested as coedyc in 1323. Compound of Middle Dutch coe (“cow”) and dyc (“levee”).

a village and former municipality of Alkmaar, North Holland, Netherlands


Zaanstreek

A region in North Holland, Netherlands, including Zaanstad and Oostzaan.


Uitgeest

First attested as hutghest in 1105-1120. Compound of Old Dutch ūt (“out”) and gēst (“elevated sandy land”).

Meronyms: Assum, Busch en Dam, Groot Dorregeest, Klein Dorregeest, Limmerkoog

a village and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Heemskerk

First attested as heimethenkiricha and heimezenkyrke in the first half of the 11th century. Compound of Old Dutch Hemezo (a personal name) or Heimezo and kirika (“church”).
The surname derives from the toponym.

Meronyms: Heemskerkerduin, Noorddorp


Bloemendaal

* (Noord-Holland) Attested as Bloemendaels Kerck in 1680. Compound of the plural form of bloem (“flower”) and dal (“dale, valley”).
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as blomendale in 1306. Compound of the plural form of Middle Dutch blume (“flower”) and dal (“dale, valley”).

Meronyms: Aerdenhout, Bennebroek, Bloemendaal aan Zee, Overveen, Vogelenzang

a neighbourhood and former municipality of Gouda, South Holland, Netherlands


Velsen

First attested as felisa after 786. Likely derived from the dative plural form of a hydronym, derived in turn from Proto-Indo-European *pel (“swamp, marsh”) suffixed with the hydronymic suffix *isa.

der

Meronyms: Driehuis, Hofgeest, IJmuiden, Santpoort-Noord, Santpoort-Zuid, Velsen-Noord, Velsen-Zuid, Velserbroek

a municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Beverwijk

First attested as beuorhem in 918-948. Compound of Old Dutch bevur (“beaver, Castor fiber”) and wīk (“farmstead, village, settlement”).

inh

Meronym: Wijk aan Zee

a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Eierland

From ei + -er- + land. Named after the eggs produced by gull colonies that used to live on the island.

A region on the north of Texel, North Holland, Netherlands, historically a separate island and before that a part of Vlieland.


De Cocksdorp

Attested as COCKSDORP (DE) in 1841. From de Cock (a surname) + -s- + dorp (“village, settlement”). Named after Nicolaas Josephus de Cock (1804-1848), a shipowner who founded a company to develop the land around the settlement in 1835.

compound

A village in the north of Texel, North Holland, Netherlands.


van Dongen

Referring to the village Dongen, related to donk.


Naaktgeboren

Univerbation of naakt (“naked”) + geboren (“born”).


Peeters

→ French: Peeters

alternative form of Peters, a surname originating as a patronymic


de Bruin

de Bruijn (alternative)
de Bruyn (alternative rare)


van der Heijden

van der Heiden (alternative uncommon)
van der Heyden (alternative rare)


van Beek

English: Vanbeek


Kuipers

Kuijpers (alternative)
Kuypers (alternative rare)


van den Brink

→ English: Vandenbrink

van de Brink (alternative rare)
van der Brink (alternative rare)


Gerritsen

Gerritse (alternative)
Gerritzen (alternative)

alternative form of Gerrits, a surname originating as a patronymic


Smeets

From smid + -s, being a specifically Limburgish variant.


Evers

→ English: Evers

Everse (alternative)
Eversen (alternative)
Eversse (alternative)
Everssen (alternative)
Everts (alternative)
Evertse (alternative)
Evertsen (alternative)
Evertsse (alternative)
Evertssen (alternative)
Eversz (alternative)
Evertsz (alternative)

a surname, Evers, originating as a patronymic, equivalent to English Everetts


van de Pol

van den Pol (alternative uncommon)
van der Pol (alternative)


Kuijpers

Kuipers (alternative)
Kuypers (alternative rare)


Schimmelpenninck

Equivalent to schimmel + penning, originally a nickname for a miser.


Dijk

* (Limburg) Derived from dijk (“levee”).
* (Asten) First attested as Den Dijk in 1899. Derived from dijk (“levee”).
* (Meierijstad) First attested as Dijk in 1867. Derived from dijk (“levee”), here potentially used in a dialectal sense to refer to a raised road.
The surname derives from one of the senses of dijk or from one of several toponyms.

a hamlet in Peel en Maas, Limburg, Netherlands

a hamlet in Asten, North Brabant, Netherlands

a hamlet in Meierijstad, North Brabant, Netherlands


Hollum

First attested as hollum in 1485. Borrowed from West Frisian Hollum, potentially derived in turn from Old Frisian holm (“hill, elevated place, island”) or from a compound of Halle (a personal name) or a term cognate to Old English halh (“corner, bend”) and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Hall, Hallum and Hellum.

der

a village in Ameland, Friesland, Netherlands


Winschoten

Potentially attested as winsewida in the 13th century, attested with certainty as windschoter in 1391. Compound of Old Dutch Windo (a personal name) and kot (“cottage, shack, small farm”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Winschoot.

a city and former municipality of Oldambt, Groningen, Netherlands


Den Burg

Potentially attested as osterburghem and ostarburghem in 918-948, attested with certainty as brochkerspel [read: borchkerspel] in 1377. Derived from Old Dutch burg (“fortified settlement, castle”).

inh

a village in Texel, North Holland, Netherlands


Ommen

First attested as de vmme in 1133. Etymology unknown. Potentially derived from a prehistoric hydronym. Not derived from a personal name.

unk

unknown

Meronyms: Archem, Arriën, Arriërveld, Beerze, Beerzerveld, Besthmen, Eerde, Giethmen, Hoogengraven, Junne, Lemele, Nieuwebrug, Ommerbosch, Ommerkanaal, Ommerschans, Ommerveld, Rotbrink, Stegeren, Stegerveld, Varsen, Vilsteren, Vinkenbuurt, Witharen, Zeesse

a city and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands


Wolvega

First attested as wluegho in 1320. Borrowed from West Frisian Wolvegea, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Wolf (a personal name) and gâ (“village, village area”).

a village and former municipality of Weststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands


Lutjebroek

First attested as lutekebroec around 1312. Compound of Middle Dutch luttic (“small”) and bruec (“marsh, marshland”). The element luttic was added to distinguish the settlement from Grootebroek.

a village in Stede Broec, North Holland, Netherlands near Enkhuizen


Enkhuizen

First attested as enchusen around 1305. Compound of Middle Dutch enge (“farmland next to a village”) and the plural form of huus (“house”).

inh

Meronyms: Oosterdijk, Westeinde


Drontermeer

Univerbation of Dronter + meer (“lake”).

A lake in the Netherlands, located between Flevoland, Gelderland and Overijssel.


Raalte

First attested with certainty as ralte in 1275. Etymology unknown. Not derived from rode (“land cleared of trees”). Compare Rolde.

unk

unknown

Meronyms: Boetele, Broekland, De Hooge Wegen, Heeten, Heino, Laag Zuthem, Lierderholthuis, Luttenberg, Mariënheem, Nieuw-Heeten, Schoonheten

a village and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands


Buitenpost

Potentially attested as post in 1388, attested with certainty as uetpost in 1418. Calque of West Frisian Bûtenpost, a compound of Old Frisian buta (“outer, seaward”) and post (“simple bridge, gangboard across a ditch”). The element buiten was added to distinguish the settlement from Lutkepost.

a village and former municipality of Achtkarspelen, Friesland, Netherlands


Ter Apel

First attested as apel in 1458. Etymology unknown. Potentially derived from appel (“apple”), referring here to a forest of apple trees. Alternative etymologies include a derivation from a compound of Old Dutch aa (“river, watercourse”) and pôl (“pool”) and a derivation from Old Frisian apal (“shoring beam”). Compare Apeldoorn, Aperloo, Appeltern, Apuldram, Apeldorn and Appeldorn.

unknown

a village in Westerwolde, Groningen, Netherlands


Nieuwleusen

First attested as Nieuw-leusen in 1635. Univerbation of nieuw + Leusen. The element Leusen is of unknown origin. The element nieuw (“new”) was added at a later date to distinguish the settlement from Oudleusen.

unknown

a village and former municipality of Dalfsen, Overijssel, Netherlands


Oudleusen

First attested as lusne in 1311. Univerbation of oud + Leusen. The element Leusen is of unknown origin and is not related to loos (“drainage channel”). The element oud (“old”) was added at a later date to distinguish the settlement from Nieuwleusen. Compare Dalfsen, Hessum and Welsum.

unknown

a village in Dalfsen, Overijssel, Netherlands


Staphorst

First attested as staphorst in 1217. Compound of Middle Dutch stap (“step, slightly elevated place”) and horst (“overgrown elevated place”).

inh

Meronyms: De Leijen, Halfweg, Hamingen, IJhorst, Lankhorst, Punthorst, Rouveen, Slingenberg


Hoogezand-Sappemeer

a former municipality of Groningen, Netherlands


Diever

First attested as deuere in 1181. The toponym may be related to Middle Dutch *beduven (“dip in water, cover in water”). Alternatively, the toponym may derive from an ancient hydronym.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Dever.

cog

a village and former municipality of Westerveld, Drenthe, Netherlands


Smilde

First attested as Smilde in 1846. Difficult to interpret due to a paucity of old attestations. Proposed etymologies include a derivation from a term cognate to smal (“narrow”), a derivation from Old Saxon *smeltitha (“soft swampland”) and a derivation from smele (“hair grass, Deschampsia sp.”). Compare Smele.
See also Dutch De Smilde.

a village and former municipality of Midden-Drenthe, Drenthe, Netherlands


Dwingeloo

/ˈdʋɪ.ŋəˌloː/

First attested as twingelo in 1181. Compound of an unclear first element and lo (“light forest”). The first element has been interpreted as Proto-Germanic *thwangi (“belt”) and Middle Dutch dwing (“legal district, reserved area”). Compare Balloo.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Dwingel.


Steenwijk

First attested with certainty as stenwic in 1206. Compound of Old Dutch steen (“stone”) and wijk (“farmstead, village, settlement”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Stienwiek, Steenwiek.

a city and former municipality of Steenwijkerland, Overijssel, Netherlands


Wezep

First attested as wisepe in 1231. Etymology uncertain. Potentially a compound of either Proto-Germanic *wese- (“pasture”) or *wisi- (“good”) and *apa (“river, current”). A derivation from Proto-Indo-European *wis- (“flow, flow away”) or *weis- is also possible. Compare Weesp, Wesepe and Wezup.

a village in Oldebroek, Gelderland, Netherlands


Wieringen

First attested as pago wirense and pago wirensi around the end of the 8th century and the early 9th century. Derived from Old Frisian *wîr (“artificial mound”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.

A region, former island and former municipality with city rights in North Holland, Netherlands.


Twello

First attested as twentlo at the end of the 13th century. Likely a compound derived from dialectal tween (“two”) and lo (“light forest”).

a village and former municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands


Hattemerbroek

First attested as hattemerbroeck in 1416. Univerbation of Hattemer + broek. Originally the name of a field.


Wapenveld

First attested as wapegelde in the middle of the 12th century. Etymology unknown. The toponym has been compared to Wapenfeld in Schleswig-Holstein, which is derived from a compound formed from Middle Low German wapel (“stagnant water, swamp”) and velt (“field”). The oldest attestations of the Dutch toponym, however, do not morphologically resemble their alleged German counterpart. Compare De Wopereis.

unk

unknown

cog

a village in Heerde, Gelderland, Netherlands


Vollenhove

First attested as fulnaho in 944. Compound of the genitive plural form of Old Dutch ful (“foal”) and hô (“elevated place”). The toponym was gradually reinterpreted as a compound of vol (“full”) and hoeve (“farmstead”). Compare Holthone, Meddo and Wiene.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Veno.


Willemsoord

First attested as Kolonie Willemsoord in 1830-1855. Compound of Willem + -s- + oord, named after William II of the Netherlands. Compare Boschoord, Frederiksoord and Wilhelminaoord.

a village in Steenwijkerland, Overijssel, Netherlands


Wilhelminaoord

First attested as WILHELMINA'SOORD in 1849. Compound of Wilhelmina + oord. Named after Wilhelmina of Prussia. Compare Boschoord, Frederiksoord and Willemsoord.

a village in Westerveld, Drenthe, Netherlands

Wilhelmina of Prussia, Princess of Orange


Frederiksoord

* (Drenthe) Attested as Frederiks Oord in 1846. Compound of Frederik + -s- + oord, named after Frederick of the Netherlands. Compare Boschoord, Wilhelminaoord and Willemsoord.
* (Zuid-Holland) Likely named after Frederiksoord in Drenthe as a reference to land that was hard to work.

a neighbourhoods of Katwijk, South Holland, Netherlands


Dries

First attested as Driest in 1838-1857. Derived from dries (“land not in cultivation, temporarily vacant land”).
See also Limburgish Drees.

a hamlet in Leudal, Limburg, Netherlands


Vught

First attested as fughte in 1028. Derived from Middle Dutch vucht (“humid area, wetland”), from Old Dutch fughte, from Proto-West Germanic *fų̄ht.

inh

Meronyms: Bergenshuizen, Cromvoirt, Distelberg, Gijzel, Helvoirt, Laar, Loveren, Molenstraat

a town and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands


Voorburg

* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as foreburg in 918-948. Compound of the hydronym Fore and Old Dutch burg (“fortified settlement, castle”). Compare Veur and Voorschoten.
* (Noord-Brabant)

a town and former municipality of Leidschendam-Voorburg, South Holland, Netherlands, to the north of The Hague

a neighbourhood of Vught, North Brabant, Netherlands


Leidschendam

First attested as den damme ofte overtocht in 1486. Univerbation of Leiden + dam.

a town and former municipality of Leidschendam-Voorburg, South Holland, Netherlands, to the north of Voorburg and The Hague


Rijswijk

Compound of Old Dutch *ris (“twig, branches, brushwood”) (potentially referring to interwoven fencing) and *wic (“farm, settlement, village”). By surface analysis, rijs + wijk.
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as riiswiicaround the end of the 11th century.
* (Noord-Brabant) Potentially attested as riswic in 1076-1081, attested with certainty as riseuuihc in the first quarter of the 13th century.
* (Gelderland) First attested as risuuic in 918-948.

Rieswiek (alternative)
Rijsik (alternative)

Meronyms: Sion, 't Haantje

a town and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands, to the south of The Hague

a village and former municipality of Altena, North Brabant, Netherlands

a village in Buren, Gelderland, Netherlands


Ommelanden

(historical) the historically Frisian regions aroud the Low Saxon city Groningen during the late Middle Ages and early modern times


's-Gravenzande

First attested as harena comitis in 1200. Calque of Medieval Latin arena (“sand”) and the genitive form of comes (“count”).

a city and former municipality of Westland, South Holland, Netherlands


Klazienaveen

First attested as Klazienaveen in 1899. Compound of Klaziena (a personal name) + veen (“peat bog, marsh”). Named after the wife of the founder of the settlement.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Klazieneveen.

compound

a village in Emmen, Drenthe, Netherlands


Nijverdal

First attested as Nijverdal in 1836. Compound of nijver (“industriousness, industry”) + dal (“valley, dale”). Originally founded by the Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij to house factory workers. The toponym was coined by the then-mayor of Hellendoorn, who was asked to hold a speech at the opening of a textile mill in the new town.

a town in Hellendoorn, Overijssel, Netherlands


Spijkenisse

First attested as spiiknesse in 1235. Tautological compound of Middle Dutch spic (“headland, spit”) and nisse (“headland, spit”). Compare Staverden, Stavenisse, Stavoren and Stavern.

a town and former municipality of Nissewaard, South Holland, Netherlands


Hardenberg

* (Overijssel) First attested as herdenborg in 1229-1230. Potentially a compound of Middle Dutch herde (“hard”) and berg (“hill, elevated place”). An alternative hypothesis interprets the name as a compound of herde (“fortified, strong”) and burch (“fortified settlement, castle”). Compare Montfort, Montfoort, Sterkenburg and Stoutenburg. See also Dutch Low Saxon Hadnbarreg, 'n Arnbarg.
* (Groningen)

Meronyms: Achterin, Ane, Anerveen, Anevelde, Balkbrug, Benedenvaart, Bergentheim, Braamberg, Brucht, Bruchterveld, Collendoorn, Collendoornerveen, De Belt, Dedemsvaart, De Haandrik, De Haar, De Krim, De Maat, De Meene, Den Huizen, Den Kaat, Den Oosterhuis, Den Velde, Den Westerhuis, De Pol, De Schans, Diffelen, Ebbenbroek, Engeland, Gouden Ploeg, Gramsbergen, Groot-Oever, Hanekamp, Hardenbergerveld, Heemse, Heemserveen, Holtheme, Holthone, Hoogenweg, Keiendorp, Kievitshaar, Kloosterhaar, Loozen, Lutten, Lutten-Oever, Lutterhartje, Lutterveld, Mariënberg, Mulderij, Noord-Stegeren, Oud-Avereest, Oud-Bergentheim, Oud-Lutten, Rheeze, Rheezerveen, Schuinesloot, Sibculo, Slagharen, Sluis 6, Sluis 7, Sponturfwijk, Strooiendorp, 't Bergje, 't Haantje, Venebrugge, Witman

a city and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands

a hamlet in Oldambt, Groningen, Netherlands


Losser

First attested as in lutheri in the late 10th century. Etymology unknown. Proposed etymologies include a derivation from Old Dutch Leudhari (a personal name) or a compound of a first element cognate to Old Saxon lûtan (“bend”) and Old Dutch *heri (“sandy ridge”). Compare De Lutte, Lutten and Lutten.

unk

unknown

Meronyms: Beuningen, De Lutte, De Poppe, De Zoeke, Glane, Glane-Beekhoek, Mekkelhorst, Overdinkel

a village and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands


Bodegraven

Potentially attested as bodengrauen in 1064, attested with certainty as bodengrave in 1351-1356. Derived from a hydronym, derived in turn from a compound of Old Dutch Bodo (a personal name), bodo (“messenger”) or an older hydronym cognate to Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (bauþs, “mute, deaf”) and grave (“excavated or canalised watercourse”).

a village and former municipality of Bodegraven-Reeuwijk, South Holland, Netherlands


Woerden

First attested as wirda sometime after 786. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Dutch uurth (“artificial mound used for habitation”) or Old Frisian uurth (“artifical mound used for habitation”).

cog

Meronyms: Barwoutswaarder, Bekenes, Breeveld, Breudijk, Geestdorp, Gerverscop, Haanwijk, Harmelen, Harmelerwaard, Houtdijken, Indijk, Kamerik, Kanis, Kromwijk, Lagebroek, Mijzijde, Oud-Kamerik, Reijerscop, Rietveld, 's-Gravensloot, Teckop, Teylingen, Zegveld

a city and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Duivendrecht

First attested as doevendrecht in 1308. From Middle Dutch Dovendrecht. Compound of Middle Dutch Doeve (a personal name) and -drecht (“ferry, watercourse”). The first element was gradually reinterpreted to the plural form of duif (“pigeon”).
Compare Duiveland, Duiven, Duivendijke and Duivenvoorde.

a village in Ouder-Amstel, North Holland, Netherlands


Haaksbergen

First attested as hockesberghe in 1188. Compound of Old Dutch Hock (a personal name) or Hako (a personal name) and the dative singular form of berg (“hill, elevated place”). Compare Haakswold.

Meronyms: Boekelo, Brammelo, Buurse, Den Braam, Eppenzolder, Harmöle, Holthuizen, Honesch, Langelo, Stepelo, St. Isidorushoeve


Hengelo

/ˈɦɛ.ŋəˌloː/

* (Overijssel) First attested as hof to henghele in 1381-1383. Likely a compound of Middle Dutch heinge (“enclosure”) and lo (“light forest”), although it is difficult to say whether this is the actual etymology of the toponym due to a paucity of old attestations. Compare Hengelder, Hengevelde and Hengforden.
* (Gelderland) First attested as heingelon in 965. Compound of Middle Dutch heinge (“enclosure”) and lo (“light forest”). Compare Hengelder, Hengevelde and Hengforden.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Hengel.

Meronyms: Beckum, Oele, Woolde

a city and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands without city rights, near Enschede and Almelo

a village and former municipality of Bronckhorst, Gelderland, Netherlands


Nieuwegein

Univerbation of nieuwe + Gein, named after the historic settlement Middle Dutch Gein or Geyne.

a town and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Heerhugowaard

First attested as die waerd in 1319. Compound of heer (“lord”), Hugo (a personal name) and Middle Dutch waert (“land next to water, riverine island, polder complex surrounded by water”). Named after Lord Hugo of Assendelft (d. 1296), the creator of the polder complex the town stands on.

inh

a town and former municipality of Dijk en Waard, North Holland, Netherlands


Groesbeek

First attested as gronspech in 1040. Etymology unclear. Potentially a compound derived from either Old Dutch Grôn (a personal name) or a term related to Middle Dutch groese (“pasture”) and beek (“brook, stream”).


Leerdam

First attested as lerdamme in 1265. Compound of the hydronym Lede (derived from Middle Dutch lede (“excavated or canalised watercourse”)) and dam (“dam”).

a city and former municipality of Vijfheerenlanden, Utrecht, Netherlands


Schoonhoven

First attested as sconhouen in 1247. Compound of Middle Dutch scone (“clean, free of weeds”) and the plural form of hove (“piece of land of a certain size”).

a city and former municipality of Krimpenerwaard, South Holland, Netherlands


Goor

* (Overijssel) First attested as gora and gore in 1027-1054. Derived from Old Dutch gore (“marshy forest soil”).
* (Noord-Brabant) Attested as Ghoir in 1794. Derived from goor (“marshy forest soil”).

a city and former municipality of Hof van Twente, Overijssel, Netherlands

a hamlet in Geldrop-Mierlo, North Brabant, Netherlands


Kerkhof

The hamlet is first attested as Kerkhof in 1838-1857. Derived from kerkhof (“churchyard, graveyard”).
The surname derives from one of the senses of kerkhof or from the toponym.

a hamlet in Heeze-Leende, North Brabant, Netherlands


Fons

a diminutive of the male given name Alfons


Fons

First attested as foeldinze in 1386. Borrowed from West Frisian Fûns, derived in turn from Old Frisian Foldo (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.

a hamlet in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Mijdrecht

First attested as midreth in 1085. Compound of the hydronym De Meije and Old Dutch dreht (“ferry, watercourse”).
Compare De Meije, Mijnden, Oostmijzen, Misson and Mite.

a village and former municipality of De Ronde Venen, Utrecht, Netherlands


Wilnis

First attested as quadraginta houvas terram palustrem in midreth in 1085. Derived from Old Dutch *wildenisse (“wilderness, wild land”).


Vinkeveen

First attested as vinkenveen in 1395-1396. Compound of Middle Dutch vinke (“light, poor-quality turf”) and vene (“peat bog, marsh”). Compare Vinkenkade.


Doorn

Potentially attested as thorhem in 918-948, attested with certainty as thornen in 1126. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Dutch thorn (“thorn, thorn bush”).

Utrechtse Heuvelrug
Utrechtse Heuvelrug#English

a village and former municipality of Utrechtse Heuvelrug, Utrecht, Netherlands


Driebergen-Rijsenburg

Compound of Driebergen + Rijsenburg. Driebergen is first attested as thriberge in 1159. Rijsenburg is first attested as risenborch and risenborgh in 1297. Driebergen is derived from a compound of Middle Dutch drie (“three”) and the plural form of berch (“hill, elevated place”); the former village was named for three prominent hills. Rijsenburg is derived from the hydronym Rijsen and Middle Dutch borch (“fortified settlement, castle”).
Compare for Rijsenburg Langereis, Rijsbrug and Rijsenhout.


Maarn

First attested as mandron in 1028. Derived from the dative plural form of the hydronym *Mandra.


Leersum

First attested as hlarashem in the 11th century. Compound of a personal name or, alternatively, Old Dutch hlara (“intensively cultivated forest, forest pasture”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Amerongen

First attested as amerungon in 1126. Compound of the hydronym Amer suffixed with the rare collectivising suffix Old Dutch -ung- in the dative plural form. Compare Amersfoort.

a village and former municipality of Utrechtse Heuvelrug, Utrecht, Netherlands; a castle in the village

A surname in the United States, from the Netherlands


Rhenen

First attested as uilla hreni in 855. Potentially derived from Proto-Germanic *hraini (“clean, pure”) suffixed with the toponymic suffix *ja- or from a compound of the hydronym Rijn and Old Dutch hēm (“home, settlement”).

Meronyms: Achterberg, Elst, Laareind, Remmerden

a city and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Elst

The settlement in Gelderland is first attested as heliste in 726. The settlement in Utrecht is first attested as elscher maelstat in 1448. Potentially derived from Proto-Germanic *alhistiją (“shrine, holy place”). An alternative etymology interprets the name as referring to an ancient hydronym.
Compare Aalst, Maasniel, Nieuwaal, Niel, Niel-bij-As, Nivele and Waldniel.

a village and former municipality of Overbetuwe, Gelderland, Netherlands

a village in Rhenen, Utrecht, Netherlands

a hamlet in Oss, North Brabant, Netherlands


Achterberg

First attested as achterbergh in 1417. Compound of Middle Dutch achter (“behind”) and berch (“hill, elevated place”).


Renswoude

First attested as rynswoude in 1363. Compound of the toponym Rhenen and Middle Dutch wout (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).

Meronym: Emminkhuizen

a village and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Veenendaal

First attested as veenlo and vendel in the 16th century. Compound of veen (“peat bog, marsh”) and dal (“dale, valley”).

Meronym: Benedeneind

a town and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Abcoude

First attested as abbecenuualde in 1085. Compound of a diminutive form of Old Dutch Abbe (a personal name) and walt (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).


Vianen

* (Utrecht) First attested as vyanen around 1270. Derived from French Vienne, the name of a city in southern France. Originally the name of a castle.
* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as de Heide Vianen in 1803-1820. Named after the town near Utrecht.

a city and former municipality of Vijfheerenlanden, Utrecht, Netherlands

a village in Land van Cuijk, North Brabant, Netherlands


Meerkerk

First attested as merkerke in 1266. Compound of Middle Dutch mere (“lake”) and kerk (“church”).

a village and former municipality of Vijfheerenlanden, Utrecht, Netherlands


Lexmond

First attested as lakesmunde around 1180. Compound of the hydronym Laak (derived from Old Dutch *laka (“natural watercourse”), whence Dutch laak) and munt (“mouth”).


Ameide

First attested as ameyde in 1266. Derived from Middle Dutch ameide (“heavy barrier, rotating fence”).


Lopik

First attested as lobica in 1130-1161. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from a personal name suffixed with the Latin -acum suffix or from an unknown term suffixed with the Proto-Germanic *ikja- suffix. Not derived from a compound of lo (“light forest”) and beek (“brook, stream”).
Compare Blerick, Bunnik, Cuijk, Geverik, Maurik, Mook, Niftrik, Odijk, Varik, Woezik and Fellerich.

Meronyms: Benschop, Cabauw, Graaf, Jaarsveld, Lopikerkapel, Polsbroek, Polsbroekerdam, Uitweg, Willige Langerak, Zevender


Leusden

First attested as lisiduna in 777. Etymology uncertain. One hypothesis proposes a derivation from Proto-Germanic *lis (“furrow”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix *-iþi; this etymology, however, runs into phonological difficulties. Compare Huisduinen, Leesten, Lieshout, Lisse, Loosduinen, Lesdain and Lesdins.

Meronyms: Achterveld, Asschat, Bavoort, Den Treek, De Ruif, Jannendorp, Leusden-Zuid, Moorst, Musschendorp, Oud-Leusden, Snorrenhoef, Stoutenburg, Waterloo


Linschoten

First attested as lindescote in 1172. Likely a compound of Old Dutch linda (“linden, Tilia sp.”) (from Frankish *lindu) or a hydronym *Linde and scote (“piece of land which juts upwards”). Originally a hydronym.
Compare Lienden, Lijnden, Linden and Linne.

a village and former municipality of Montfoort, Utrecht, Netherlands


Loenen aan de Vecht

First attested as lona in 953. Etymology uncertain. Possibly derived from an ancient hydronym derived from Proto-Germanic *leu (“mud”). Compare Loenen and Lunen.

a village in Stichtse Vecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


Haarzuilens

First attested as Haar Zuilens, (De) in 1826. Compound of the toponym De Haar and Van Zuilen (a surname). The area was formerly a fiefdom which was granted to the Van Zuilen family in 1761.

a village and former municipality of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


Kamerik

First attested as kamerka in 1131. Derived from Middle Dutch Kamerik (“Cambrai”). Named after the city in France.
Compare Demmerik, Hoograven, Laagraven, Kockengen, Kortrijk, Parijsch, Pavijen, Portengen, Snel en Polanen and Spengen.

a village and former municipality of Woerden, Utrecht, Netherlands


De Bilt

First attested as die bilt in 1307. Potentially derived from an ablauted variant of Middle Dutch belt (“slightly elevated place”). Not derived from bult (“slightly elevated place, bump”) or from Latin balteus (“belt”).

Meronyms: Achterwetering, Achttienhoven, Bilthoven, Groenekan, Hollandsche Rading, Maartensdijk, Nieuwe Wetering, Westbroek


Bunnik

First attested as bunninchem in 918-948. Etymology unclear. The toponym appears to be derived from an unclear first element and either the suffix Proto-Germanic *-ikja- or Latin -acum. The element Old Dutch hēm (“home, settlement”) is a scribal insertion.
Compare Blerick, Cuijk, Geverik, Lopik, Maurik, Mook, Niftrik, Odijk, Varik, Woezik and Fellerich.

unk

unclear

Meronyms: Odijk, Vechten, Werkhoven


Harmelen

First attested as hermale in 1202. Compound of Old Dutch heri (“army, host”) and māl (“gathering, meeting place”). Compare Old English heremedel (“warlike assembly”).


Kockengen

First attested as Middle Dutch cokanghen and kokanghen around 1307; an borrowing from Old French Cockaigne. Named after a mythical land of plenty in an effort to draw in settlers.
Compare Bonrepas, Demmerik, Hoograven, Laagraven, Kamerik, Koekange, Kortrijk, Kudelstaart, Parijsch, Pavijen, Portengen, Schoonebeek, Schoonoord, Snel en Polanen, Spengen and Wijngaarden.

a village and former municipality of Stichtse Vecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


Echt

First attested as Eitha around 1050. Derived from Middle Dutch echt (“property”) (compare achte), used here in a special sense to refer to a forest reserved for the exclusive use of the feudal lord who owned it. Compare Acht, Achterveld and Achtmaal.
See also Limburgish Ech.

a town and former municipality of Echt-Susteren, Limburg, Netherlands


Reuver

First attested as de Roever in 1547. Derived from the surname De Rover. Originally the name of an inn.
See also Limburgish De Ruiver.

a village in Beesel, Limburg, Netherlands


Tegelen

First attested as tieglon and tegelon around 1100. Dative plural form of tegel (“tile”). The village was named for the presence of tile manufacturers in and around it.
See also Limburgish Tegele.

a village and former municipality of Venlo, Limburg, Netherlands


Wessem

First attested as wisheim in 965. Compound of Old Dutch wes (“good”) and heem (“home, settlement”). The first element is not west (“west, western”).
See also Limburgish Wèssem.

a town and former municipality of Maasgouw, Limburg, Netherlands


Nieuwstadt

First attested as Novo Opido in 1242. Calque of Latin novum (“new”) and oppidum (“fortified city”).
See also Limburgish De Nuujsjtad.


Susteren

First attested as svestra in 714. Derived from a hydronym of pre-Germanic (possibly Celtic) origin. Potentially linked to Proto-Indo-European *seu- (“moist”) suffixed with -str.
See also Limburgish Zöstere.


Bocholtz

Potentially attested as bugholte in 1215, attested with certainty as bucholtz in the first half of the 13th century. Compound of a dialectal form of beuk (“beech, Fagus sylvatica”) and hout (“rising deciduous forest”). The current "German" spelling of the name derives from the time when the village was part of the Duchy of Jülich (see also Einighausen and Siebengewald).

a village and former municipality of Simpelveld, Limburg, Netherlands


Kootwijk

First attested as coetwijc in 1333. Compound of dialectal koot (standard Dutch kot (“cottage”)) and wijk (“settlement”).

a village in Barneveld, Gelderland, Netherlands


Geleen

Potentially attested as glene around 1148, attested with certainty as glene in 1201. Derived from the hydronym *Glani ("the shining one"). It is unclear whether the hydronym is of Celtic, Germanic, or Old European origin. Compare Glane.
See also Limburgish Gelaen.

a town and former municipality of Sittard-Geleen, Limburg, Netherlands


Beers

* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as beerse in 1305. Either derived from a Germanic term cognate to or directly from Latin bersa (“enclosed hunting grounds”). Compare Bears, Beersdonk, Beerze, Besselaar, Middelbeers, Oostelbeers and Westelbeers.
* (Friesland) First attested as berse in 1329. Borrowed from West Frisian Bears, derived in turn from a Germanic term cognate to or directly from Latin bersa (“enclosed hunting grounds”). Compare Beers, Beersdonk, Beerze, Besselaar, Middelbeers, Oostelbeers and Westelbeers.
The surname is either a patronymic derived from the personal name Beer or derived from one of several toponyms.

der

a village and former municipality of Land van Cuijk, North Brabant, Netherlands

a village in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Berends

Berents (alternative)
Berendsz (alternative)
Berentsz (alternative)
Berendse (alternative)
Berentse (alternative)
Berendsen (alternative)
Berentssen (alternative)


Kranenburg

The village is first attested as Kranenberg in 1851. Compound of kraan (“crane”) and berg (“hill”).
The surname derives from one of several toponyms.

a village in Bronckhorst, Gelderland, Netherlands


Bondsdag

(politics) Bundestag (the federal/state parliament of Germany)


Jonen

First attested as JONEN, Joene, 't Joone in 1844. Etymology unknown. Not related to joon (“beacon buoy”).

unk

unknown

a hamlet in Steenwijkerland, Overijssel, Netherlands


Bloemen

English: Bloemen

French: Bloemen

desc

→ Chinese: 布盧門 /布卢门 (Bùlúmén) (transliteration)


Lisse

Potentially attested as lux in 918-948, attested with certainty as lis in 1198. Potentially derived from Proto-Germanic *lis (“furrow”) suffixed with the toponymic suffix *ja-. Compare Leesten, Leusden and Lieshout.

Meronyms: De Engel, Halfweg, Rooversbroek

a village and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


Hillegom

/ˈɦɪ.ləˌɣɔm/

First attested as hyllingen in 1248. Compound of Middle Dutch Hillo (a familiar name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing- and heem (“home, settlement”).

Meronym: Oosteinde


Apocalyps

From Middle Dutch apocalypsis, from Latin apocalypsis, from Ancient Greek ἀποκάλυψις (apokálupsis).


Pronk

From the noun pronk (“flamboyance”), itself from pronken (“to show off, be flamboyant”).


de Visser

Literally, “the fisherman”. From visser.


van der Ven

Literally, “of the fen”. Variant of the more common van de Ven.


Janse

alternative form of Jansen, a common surname originating as a patronymic


Hamelink

/ˈɦaː.məˌlɪŋk/


Broek

* (Friesland) First attested as broech in 1482. Borrowed from West Frisian De Broek, derived in turn from Old Frisian brōk (“marsh, marshland”).
* (Zuid-Holland) Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”).
* (Gelderland) Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”).
* (Groningen) Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Brook.
* (Gulpen-Wittem) Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”). See also Limburgish Brouk.
* (Horst aan de Maas, Horst) Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”).
* (Horst aan de Maas, Sevenum) Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”).
* (Peel en Maas) Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”).
* (Simpelveld) Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”).
* (Laarbeek) First attested as int broeck in 1490. Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”).
* (Utrecht) Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”).
* (Venlo) First attested as aen gen Broek in 1574. Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”).
The surname derives from one of the toponyms or from one of the senses of broek.

a village in De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands

a hamlet and former municipality of Gouda, South Holland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Brummen, Gelderland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Het Hogeland, Groningen, Netherlands

a hamlet in Gulpen-Wittem, Limburg, Netherlands

Horst aan de Maas
Horst aan de Maas#English

a hamlet in Horst aan de Maas, Limburg, Netherlands

a hamlet in Peel en Maas, Limburg, Netherlands

a hamlet in Simpelveld, Limburg, Netherlands

a hamlet in Laarbeek, North Brabant, Netherlands

a hamlet in Vijfheerenlanden, Utrecht, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Venlo, Limburg, Netherlands


Doornbos

→ English: Doornbos

The name of the neighbourhood is first attested as Doornbosch in 1899. The toponym derives from doornbos (“thorn bush”). Originally the name of a farm.
The surname derives from doornbos (“thorn bush”) or from one of several toponyms.

a neighbourhood of Breda, North Brabant, Netherlands


van de Wiel

van der Wiel (alternative)
van der Wielen (alternative)


Ambon

Ambon (island in the Moluccas, Indonesia)


Ambonees

Amboineesch (alternative obsolete)
Amboneesch (alternative obsolete)

Ambonese Malay, Ambonese (Malay-based creole language spoken on and around Ambon)


Ambonees Maleis

Amboneesch-Maleisch (alternative obsolete)
Ambonees-Maleis (alternative dated)

(rare) Ambonese Malay, Ambonese (Malay-based creole language spoken on and around Ambon)


Zeebrugge

Zeebrugge (a coastal village and port on the North Sea in West Flanders, Belgium)


Wie

→ English: Wie

First attested as Middle Dutch norther hee in the 14th century. Etymology unknown. A proposed link to Old Frisian *hede (“anchorage”) is uncertain.

Wie (a hamlet in Noardeast-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands)

a habitational surname, Wie, variant of Van Wie


Van Wie

English: Van Wie

a surname, Van Wie, transferred from the place name


Rijksaramees

Imperial Aramaic (chronolect of Aramaic used by the Neo-Assyrian, Neo-Babylonian, and Achaemenid Empires, 745–330 B.C.E.)


steentijd

Shortening of older steentijdperk or steentijdvak. Perhaps shortened after German Steinzeit. Equivalent to steen + tijd.


Melle

First attested as Merle in 1704. Derived from a compound of meer (“pool”) or *mier (“swamp”) and lo (“light forest”). Compare Hooge Mierde, Lage Mierde and Mierlo.

a neighbourhood of Maashorst, North Brabant, Netherlands


Hoeven

* (Halderberge) First attested as ten houven, binne den houven and uten houven in 1304. Derived from the plural form of hoeve (“plot of land of a certain size”).
* (Gemert-Bakel) First attested as Hoeven in 1838-1857. Derived from the plural form of hoeve (“plot of land of a certain size, farmstead”).
* (Land van Cuijk) Derived from the plural form of hoeve (“plot of land of a certain size, farmstead”).
* (Eindhoven) Derived from the plural form of hoeve (“plot of land of a certain size, farmstead”).
* (Maashorst) First attested as de Hoeven in 1730. Derived from the plural form of hoeve (“plot of land of a certain size”).

a village and former municipality of Halderberge, North Brabant, Netherlands

a hamlet in Gemert-Bakel, North Brabant, Netherlands

a hamlet in Land van Cuijk, North Brabant, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Eindhoven, North Brabant, Netherlands


Turkeye

Attested as Turkeije in 1678. Derived from Turkije (“Turkey”). Potentially named after a Spanish fortress predominantly manned by Muslim soldiers. Alternatively, the name may have been given as an insult by the inhabitants of the surrounding villages.
See also Zealandic Turkieje.


Fatum

First attested as faltma in 1433. Borrowed from West Frisian Fatum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Falte (a personal name) or Falda and hēm (“home, settlement”).

a hamlet in Waadhoeke, Friesland, Netherlands


Pjotr

Пётр Пётр#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian male given name Пётр (Pjotr)


Asch

Potentially attested as alke and aske in 889, attested with certainty as aske in 1288. Potentially derived from a variant of es (“ash, Fraxinus excelsior”). A derivation from the old hydronym Ascha (compare Asse) is also possible. Whether the oldest attestations refer to Asch or an otherwise unknown settlement near Heemskerk is unclear.

a village in Buren, Gelderland, Netherlands


Van der Valk

Vandervalk (alternative)
Van der Valck (alternative)
Vandervalck (alternative)
Valk (alternative)


Freeling

English: Freeling


Hool

First attested as t hool in 1785. Derived from hool (“low-lying swamply place”).

Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten
Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten#English

a hamlet in Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten, North Brabant, Netherlands


Zweinstein

Hogwarts, the fictional school of magic in the Harry Potter series


van Halen

English: Van Halen, van Halen

French: van Halen, Van Halen

Spanish: Van Halen, Van-Halen

Vanhalen (alternative)
Halen (alternative)


Van Halen

a surname, Van Halen, variant of van Halen


precambrium

Perhaps borrowed, cf. German Präkambrium. Equivalent to pre- + cambrium.


van der Schaaf

→ English: Vanderschaaf


Duitse Democratische Republiek

Calque of German Deutsche Demokratische Republik.

calque

(historical) German Democratic Republic (official name of East Germany (from 1947 through reunification in 1990): a former country in Central Europe)


Driekoningen

From Middle Dutch drieconingen. Equivalent to a univerbation of drie + koningen.


Epifaniën

Ultimately from Late Latin epiphanīa, from Ancient Greek ἐπιφάνεια (epipháneia).


Dacië

(historical) Dacia (region in modern-day Romania)


Zwaben

Swabia (a historic region of Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria, Germany)

Swabia (an administrative region of Bavaria, Germany)


Gabriël

From Middle Dutch gabriel, from Latin Gabriel, from Ancient Greek Γαβρῑήλ (Gabrīḗl), from Hebrew גַּבְרִיאֵל.

der

Hebrew גַּבְרִיאֵל


Turijn

From Italian Torino, from the Roman name, Latin Augusta Taurinōrum, ultimately from the name of the Taurini tribe. Connections to Latin taurus (“bull”) are folk etymology.

Turin (the capital city of Piedmont, Italy)

Turin (a metropolitan city of Piedmont, Italy)


Nieuwkoop

First attested as niencoep in 1280-1287. Compound of Middle Dutch niuw (“new”) and cope (“land purchase, concession”).
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.

Meronyms: Achttienhoven, Blokland, Korteraar, Langeraar, Nieuwveen, Noordeinde, Noorden, Noordse Buurt, Noordse Dorp, Papenveer, Slikkendam, Ter Aar, Vrijhoeven, Vrouwenakker, Woerdense Verlaat, Zevenhoven, Zuideinde

a village and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


Zijl

a short river in South Holland near Leiden between the Oude Rijn and the Kagerplassen; originally a tidal rivulet that was widened in the early High Middle Ages to improve the drainage of the nearby polders


Nederrijn

a river and arm of the Rhine in Gelderland and Utrecht, running from the Pannerdensch Kanaal to the Lek at Wijk bij Duurstede


Kinderdijk

Attested as den Kinderdijck in 1573-1576. Equivalent to kind + -er- + dijk. The settlement was named for a levee constructed by the children of the lord of Giessen.

a village in Molenlanden, South Holland, Netherlands


Waddinxveen

First attested as waddinxuene in 1233. From Middle Dutch waddinsvene, potentially a compound of a hydronym derived from wadde (“ford, fordable stretch of a watercourse”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing- and veen (“peat bog, marsh”).

Meronym: Noordeinde

a town and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


Oost-Afrika

Compound of oost (“east”) + Afrika (“Africa”).

East Africa (a geographic region encompassing the eastern part of Africa, generally stretching from Ethiopia and Eritrea in the north to Mozambique and Zimbabwe in the south)


Centraal-Afrika

From centraal + Afrika. Probably a calque.

Central Africa
Central Africa#English:_Q27433

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo

Democratic Republic of the Congo
Democratic Republic of the Congo

Central Africa (a core geographic region of Africa which includes Burundi, the Central African Republic, Chad, the Republic of the Congo, and Rwanda, and often Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo)

Central African Republic
Central African Republic#English

Central African Republic (a country in Central Africa)


Heilig Land

(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) the Holy Land


Spaans-Amerika

Hispanic America, the former Spanish colonies in the Americas where Spanish remains the dominant language


Tweestromenland

Compound of twee stromen (“two rivers”) + land (“land”).

compound

(historical) Mesopotamia (a geographic region in southwest Asia, spanning from the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, located in modern Iraq, eastern Syria, and southeast Turkey; the site of one of the most ancient civilizations in the history of man)

(historical) Mesopotamia (a former province of the Roman Empire, existing from 116 to 117 AD and again from 198 to 637 AD)


Sint-Pieters-Leeuw

Equivalent to Sint Pieter (“Saint Peter”) + leeuw (“burial mound”).

Meronyms: Oudenaken, Ruisbroek, Sint-Laureins-Berchem, Vlezenbeek

a municipality of Flemish Brabant, Belgium


Den Helder

First attested as de Helderbuyert in 1577. Etymology unknown. Unlikely to be derived from hil (“hill, elevated place”), helle (“low-lying land”) or helde (“slope”). Potentially derived from the surname Helder.

unk

unknown

Meronyms: Blauwe Keet, De Kooy, Friese Buurt, Huisduinen, Julianadorp

a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands without city rights


Godschalk

From godschalk, a compound of god (“god”) + schalk (“servant”). Cognate to German Gottschalk.


Bronkhorst

* (Gelderland) First attested as brunchorst in 1128-1139. Compound of brunk (an ablauted form of brink (“edge, village common”)) and horst (“overgrown hillock”). Despite having only 90 inhabitants, Bronkhorst received city rights in 1482 and is therefore classed as a city.
* (Noord-Brabant) Attested as weilanden genaamd Bronkhorst in 1848. Potentially derived from Bronkhorst (a surname).
The surname derives from one of the toponyms.

a city and former municipality of Bronckhorst, Gelderland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Altena, North Brabant, Netherlands


Stompwijk

First attested as die wijc in 1281-1284. Compound of Middle Dutch stomp (“blunt, obtuse”) and wyc (“farmstead, village, settlement”) or wyc (“inlet, side channel”). The element stomp may refer to a watercourse bending at an obtuse angle or an obtusely shaped piece of land.

a village and former municipality of Leidschendam-Voorburg, South Holland, Netherlands


Klinkenberg

* (Gelderland) Attested as Klinkenberg in 1845. Compound of Middle Dutch clinge (“hill, elevated place, hilly geest”) and berg (“hill, elevated place”).
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as clinkenberghe in 1345. Compound of Middle Dutch clinge (“hill, elevated place, hilly geest”) and berg (“hill, elevated place”). Originally the name of a manor.
The surname derives from one of several toponyms.

inh

a hamlet in Buren, Gelderland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Teylingen, South Holland, Netherlands


van Keulen

Dutch: "from Cologne", from German "von Köln";
"Köln" from Latin "colonia", colony.


Mander

First attested as manheri in 797. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Dutch *heri (“sandy ridge”).

a hamlet in Tubbergen, Overijssel, Netherlands


Pey

First attested as pede in 1403. Derived from Middle Dutch pede (“swamp”).
See also Limburgish Pej.

a village in Echt-Susteren, Limburg, Netherlands


Réveil

Reveil (alternative uncommon)
reveil (alternative)

a conservative revivalist movement in Reformed churches during the first half of the nineteenth century


Parakleet

Borrowed from Latin paraclētus, from Ancient Greek παράκλητος (paráklētos).

(Christianity) Paraclete (title of the Holy Ghost)


Ezechiël

From Middle Dutch ezechiel, from Latin Ezechiēl, Koine Greek Ἰεζεκιήλ (Iezekiḗl), from Biblical Hebrew יְחֶזְקֵאל (Y'ḥezqēl, “God strengthens”).

der

(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) Ezekiel (Judahite prophet during the Babylonian Captivity, Biblical character)

(Judaism, Christianity) Ezekiel (book of the Hebrew Bible)


Capitool

Capitol (legislative building in Washington D.C.)

(historical) Capitolium, Capitol (temple of Jupiter and citadel on the Capitoline Hill in ancient Rome)


IJsselstein

First attested as yselsteyne in 1279. Compound of the hydronym IJssel and Middle Dutch stein (“stone building, castle”). The city developed around a castle owned by the Van Amstel family.

inh

Meronyms: Achtersloot, Klaphek

a city and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


De Engel

Derived from engel (“angel”). Named after a former inn.

a hamlet in Lisse, South Holland, Netherlands, located between Lisse and Sassenheim


Manoesj

Borrowed from French manouche, from Romani manuś (“man; people”), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀫𑀡𑀼𑀲𑁆𑀲 (maṇussa), from Ashokan Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit मनुष्य (manuṣya), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *manuṣyás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *manušyás, from Proto-Indo-European *mon- (“man”).

(Belgium) the Sinto variant of the Romani language


Sarnami

Short for Sarnami Hindoestani, from Caribbean Hindustani Sarnami.

Caribbean Hindustani
Caribbean Hindustani

Surinamese Hindustani; the Surinamese variant of Caribbean Hindustani


Woensdrecht

First attested as wunsdrecht in 1249. Compound of an unclear first element and -drecht (“ferry, watercourse”), viz. The first element may be Old Dutch Wodo (a personal name), Old Dutch Wunno (a personal name) or Old Dutch Woden (a personal name).
It is not probable that the first element derives from Woen (“Odin”), as the names of pagan deities never appear in Dutch compounds with words such as -drecht or veer (compare English Wensley). Compare Woensel; also compare Barendrecht, Duivendrecht and Papendrecht.

Meronyms: Calfven, Eiland, Hondseind, Hoogerheide, Huijbergen, Korteven, Leemberg, Ossendrecht, Oude Stee, Overberg, Plaatsluis, Putte, Schoelieberg, 't Marktje, Zandfort

a village and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands


Hebreeën

Hebrews, Epistle to the Hebrews (book of the New Testament)


Amerikaans-Samoa

American Samoa (an archipelago and overseas territory of the United States in Polynesia)


Hofland

* (Friesland) First attested as hoeflandt in 1543. Calque of West Frisian It Hoflân, derived in turn from a compound of hof (“court”) and lân (“land”), referring here to land belonging to a lord or a manor.
* (Noord-Holland) First attested as curtim nostram in Hemezkerke que vulgariter Hoflant dicitur in 1248. Derived from Middle Dutch hoflant (“land belonging to a lord or a manor”).
* (Utrecht) Derived from hofland (“land belonging to a lord or a manor”).

a hamlet in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Heemskerk, North Holland, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of De Ronde Venen, Utrecht, Netherlands


Groenendijk

* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as gruendike in 1422. Compound of groen (“green, overgrown”) and dijk (“levee”). The toponym may refer to a lower secondary levee.
* (Zeeland) Attested as Groenendijk in 1838-1857. Compound of groen (“green, overgrown”) and dijk (“levee”). The toponym may refer to a lower secondary levee.
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as groenendyck in 1325. Compound of Middle Dutch grune (“green, overgrown”) and dyc (“levee”). The toponym may refer to a lower secondary levee.
The surname derives from one of several toponyms.

a hamlet in Oosterhout, North Brabant, Netherlands

Alphen aan den Rijn
Alphen aan den Rijn#English

a hamlet in Alphen aan den Rijn, South Holland, Netherlands


Groeneweg

* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as groenewech in 1360-1361. Compound of Middle Dutch groen (“green”) and wech (“way, road”). Named after a nearby road.
* (Noord-Holland) Attested as Polder-benoorden-den-Groenenweg in 1847. Derived from (now dialectal) groeneweg (“overgrown road”). Named after a nearby road.
The surname is derived from a compound of groen (“green”) and weg (“way, road”) or from one of several toponyms.

a hamlet in Rotterdam, South Holland, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Schagen, North Holland, Netherlands


Groenewoud

* (Laarbeek) Derived from groen (“lush, verdant”) and woud (“extensive, dense forest”).
* (Oirschot) Derived from groen (“lush, verdant”) and woud (“extensive, dense forest”).
* (Nijmegen) Attested as Het groene Woud [sic] in 1820. Derived from groen (“lush, verdant”) and woud (“extensive, dense forest”). Named after a former inn.
* (Weert) Derived from groen (“lush, verdant”) and woud (“extensive, dense forest”). See also Limburgish 't Groenewoud.
* (Eindhoven) Derived from groen (“lush, verdant”) and woud (“extensive, dense forest”). Named after a former café.
* (Maashorst) Attested as het Groene Wout in 1838. Derived from groen (“lush, verdant”) and woud (“extensive, dense forest”).
* (Tilburg) Attested as De Herberge genaamt het groene woud in 1775. Derived from groen (“lush, verdant”) and woud (“extensive, dense forest”). Named after a former inn.
The surname is either a compound of groen (“green, lush, verdant”) and woud (“extensive, dense forest”) or derived from one of several toponyms.

a hamlet in Laarbeek, North Brabant, Netherlands

a hamlet in Oirschot, North Brabant, Netherlands

a neighborhood of Nijmegen, Gelderland, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Weert, Limburg, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Eindhoven, North Brabant, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Maashorst, North Brabant, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Tilburg, North Brabant, Netherlands


Charlois

First attested as charolois in 1460. From Middle French Charolais. The area received its name when Philip the Good of Burgundy granted it to his son Charles the Bold, who was duke of Charolais.
The typical Dutch pronunciation given below possibly derives from the Middle French pronunciation, in which oi represented something like /o̯e/, which conceivably could yield Dutch /oː/.

Charlois (a neighborhood and former municipality of Rotterdam, South Holland, Netherlands)


Kralingen

* (Rotterdam) First attested as cralingha in 1244. Potentially derived from Middle Dutch *cralinge (“bent embankment or levee”) or, alternatively, from Old Dutch Kralo (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing-. Formerly an independent village.
* (Goeree-Overflakkee) First attested as Cralingen in 1701. Potentially derived from Middle Dutch *cralinge (“bent embankment or levee”) or, alternatively, from Old Dutch Kralo (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing-. Formerly an independent hamlet. See also Zealandic Kraelingen.

cog

Kralingen (a neighbourhood and former municipality of Rotterdam, South Holland, Netherlands)

a neighbourhood of Goeree-Overflakkee, South Holland, Netherlands


Urkers

a Low Saxon dialect spoken in the former island and village of Urk


Rosenburg

a neighbourhood of Vlissingen, Zeeland, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of The Hague, South Holland, Netherlands


Belux

From the first syllables of Belgium and Luxembourg. Likely inspired by Benelux.

Belux (a geographic region grouping Belgium and Luxembourg, often used in business)


Thull

First attested as tulde in 1289. Of uncertain etymology. Perhaps derived from Old Dutch tiulithi (“farmland”), although the short vowel in the oldest attestation makes this etymology problematic. Compare Tiel, Tilburg, Tuil and Tull en 't Waal.
See also Limburgish Töl.

a hamlet in Beekdaelen, Limburg, Netherlands


Hoogland

First attested as hoghenlande in 1273. Compound of Middle Dutch hooch (“high”) and lant (“land”).

a village and former municipality of Amersfoort, Utrecht, Netherlands


Oudpruisisch

Old Prussian (extinct Western Baltic language)


Lions

First attested as leonghem in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Leons, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Lieuwe (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and hēm (“home, settlement”). The element hēm disappeared with time.

a village in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Adelard

a male given name, equivalent to English Adelard


Mazengarve

Mazingarbe (a city in Pas-de-Calais department, France)


Mardijk

Mardyck (a city in Nord department, France)


Marsenne

Marchiennes (a city in nord department, France)


Rijksdorp

First attested as kijtsdorp [read: rijcsdorp] around 1300. Compound of Middle Dutch Rijk (a personal name) or Rik and dorp (“farmstead, village, settlement”). Formerly an independent hamlet.

a neighbourhood of Wassenaar, South Holland, Netherlands


De Koog

* (Texel) Attested as cogersdyck in 1436. Derived from Middle Dutch coge (“land next to water, land located outside of a levee”).
* (Uitgeest) Derived from koog (“land located outside of a levee”).

inh

a village in Texel, North Holland, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Uitgeest, North Holland, Netherlands


Weipoort

Attested as der weypoort in 1451. Likely a compound of wei (“pasture”) + poort (“gate”).

a hamlet in Zoeterwoude, South Holland, Netherlands


BuZa

From the first letters of Buitenlandse Zaken "Foreign Affairs".

Ministry of Foreign Affairs; State Department


tale Kanaäns

In dit werk vindt men het stelsel der mystieken duidelijk voorgesteld, in de eigenaardige, oud testamentlijke, Lampeaansche tale Kanaans.

1859, Hendrikus van Berkum, Schortinghuis en de vijf nieten, page 13:

De lichtzijde dezer methode lag ongetwijfeld in haren grooten practischen ernst, haar schaduwzijde bestond o. a. in het eindeloos splitsen en weder splitsen der toehoorders, met het oog op hunne verschillende geestelijke behoeften en toestanden, en in het aankweeken van zeker eigenaardig spraakgebruik, doorgaans als „tale Kanaäns” aangeduid, niet zelden ten koste van waarheid en duidelijkheid.

1877, Johannes Jacobus van Oosterzee, Practische theologie. Een handboek voor jeugdige godgeleerden, page 189:

The bright side of this method undoubtedly consisted of its great practical seriousness, while its dark side included the endless splitting and re-splitting of the audience, with a view to their different spiritual needs and situations, and the cultivation of a certain peculiar speech pattern, usually referred to as "the language of Canaan", often at the cost of veracity and clarity.

a religious register of Dutch used by ultra-orthodox pietist (bevindelijke) Reformed Protestants, characterised by archaisms, often inspired by the Statenvertaling, frequent and marked use of diminutives, and baroque metaphors and similes

(dated) the language of Canaan; Hebrew or another Canaanite language


refogordel

Compound of refo (“devout Protestant”) + gordel (“belt”).


Biblebelt

(Christianity) the Dutch Bible belt, an axis with a relatively high percentage of devout Protestants running from Zeeland in the southwest to Overijssel in the east


refoband

Compound of refo (“devout Protestant”) + band (“band”).


Oegaritisch

Borrowed from German Ugaritisch. Equivalent to Oegarit + -isch.

Ugaritic (extinct Northwest Semitic language, closely related to Canaanite)


radenbond

alternative letter-case form of Radenbond (“Soviet Union”)


Belaroes

Transliteration of Belarusian Белару́сь (Bjelarúsʹ), compare Dutch Belarus.

translit

Geboorte-afwijkingen en groeistoornissen bij kinderen zijn in de Oekraïne met 230 procent en in Belaroes met 180 procent toegenomen en het aantal kinderen met ernstige immuniteitsproblemen is 2 tot 3,5 maal zo hoog als vroeger.

1992 March 28, “Gevolgen van 'Tsjernobyl' onderschat [Consequences of 'Chernobyl' underestimated]”, in Limburgsch dagblad, Heerlen, page 5:

Birth defects and growth disorders in children have increased by 230% in Ukraine and 180% in Belarus, and the number of children with serious immunity problems is 2 to 3.5 times higher than it used to be.

We zouden niet ‘Belarus’ moeten schrijven, maar ‘Belaroes’, net zoals de schrijver wiens naam in het Engels wordt getranscribeerd als ‘Turgenev’ in Nederlandse recensies ‘Toergenjev’ heet.

2020 September 15, “Nee, Belaroes [No, 'Belaroes']”, in NRC Handelsblad:

We should not write 'Belarus', but 'Belaroes', just as the writer whose name is transcribed in English as 'Turgenev' is called 'Toergenjev' in Dutch book reviews.

(rare) Belarus (a country in Eastern Europe)


Willemstad

* (Curaçao) Compound of Willem (a personal name) and stad (“city”). Named after William II of Orange (1626-1650).
* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as Willemstat in 1639. Compound of Willem (a personal name) and stad (“city”). Named after William I of Orange (1533-1584).
* (Friesland) Attested as Willemstad (De) in 1899. Etymology uncertain. Possibly named after one of the first inhabitants or by a local family. The hamlet may also have been named after Willemstad in Noord-Brabant, which had heroically resisted a French siege in 1793. See also Dutch Low Saxon De Willemstad and West Frisian Willemstêd.
* (Groningen) First attested as WILLEMSTAD (DE) in 1849. Named after Willemstad in Noord-Brabant by a group of veterans of the Ten-Day Campaign.

a city and former municipality of Moerdijk, North Brabant, Netherlands

a hamlet in Ooststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands


Sovjetunie

From sovjet (“Soviet”) + unie (“union”).


Natio

De qualifier werd de eerste officiële A-interland waarbij ook profspelers met Surinaamse roots uitkwamen voor Natio.

2021 March 25, “'Geen zij en wij maar één Surinaams team' ['No us and them but one Surinamese team']”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2021-03-26:

The qualifier became the first official international "A" match which included professional players with Surinamese roots playing for the Surinamese national team.

(Suriname) the national soccer team of Suriname


Vanhoenacker

French: Vanhoenacker


Sebbe

a diminutive of the male given name Sebastiaan


Oranjestad

* (Aruba) Compound of Oranje + stad (“city”). The city is named after William I of the Netherlands.
* (Sint Eustatius) Compound of Oranje + stad (“city”).

the capital city of Sint Eustatius, Netherlands


Halder

First attested as herlar in 1087. Derived from a compound of Old Dutch her (“army, host”) and laar (“intensively cultivated forest”). Compare Haalderen and Hellendoorn.

a hamlet in Sint-Michielsgestel, North Brabant, Netherlands


Vliet

* (Utrecht) First attested as flieta in 918-948. Derived from Old Dutch fliet (“running watercourse”); see vliet. Named after a former castle.
* (Noord-Brabant)

a hamlet and former municipality of Oudewater, Utrecht, Netherlands

a hamlet in Veldhoven, North Brabant, Netherlands


Ouwerkerk

First attested as ecclesias in Selandia, videlicet in Duuelant Antiquam et Novam in 1233. Compound of an inflected form of oud (“old”) and kerk (“church”). So named to distinguish the settlement from Nieuwerkerk. See also Zealandic Ouwerkaarke.
The surname derives from the toponym.

a village and former municipality of Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, Netherlands


Berkhout

* (Noord-Holland) First attested as berchout around 1312. Compound of Middle Dutch berc (“birch, Betula sp.”) and hout (“rising deciduous forest”).
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as berchout in 1403. Compound of Middle Dutch berc (“birch, Betula sp.”) and hout (“rising deciduous forest”).
The surname derives from a compound of berk (“birch, Betula sp.”) and hout (“wood”) or hout (“rising deciduous forest”) or from one of several toponyms.

a village and former municipality of Koggenland, North Holland, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Lisse, South Holland, Netherlands


Springintveld

From spring in 't veld (“jump in the field”).


Vosberg

First attested as Vosberg in 1803-1820. Compound of vos (“fox, Vulpes vulpes”) and berg (“burrow, lair”).

a hamlet in Peel en Maas, Limburg, Netherlands


Gouden Eeuw

In reference to the mythological Golden Age of classical antiquity.

1810, "Werken der Bataafsche Maatschappij van Taal- en Dichtkunde. IVde Deel." (review), Vaderlandsche letteroefeningen, page 383.
Gave God vrede, en met dezen welvaart en rust, het kan niet missen, of vele krachten, die nu tot het noodzakelijke moeten worden aangewend, zullen dan aan het nuttige en aangename worden besteed; de lust, die nu door drukkende zorgen wordt uitgedoosd, zal dan ontvlammen, en de Gouden Eeuw der Dichtkunst, die met het jaar 1600 insgelijks na doorgeworsteld leed opdaagde, zal alsdan met vernieuwden en grooteren glans zeker herrijzen.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(historical, see usage notes) the Dutch Golden Age, the seventeenth century or more specifically the period from about 1600 to about 1672; especially in relation to the fine arts or trade

(historical, mythology) the mythological Golden Age of classical antiquity, under the rule of Saturn as chief deity


Rooth

First attested as roet in 1761. Derived from rode (“land cleared of trees”).


Oost-Indië

Oost-Indiën (alternative obsolete)
Oost-Indien (alternative obsolete)
Oost-Inje (alternative archaic colloquial)


West-Indië

West-Indiën (alternative obsolete)
West-Indien (alternative obsolete)
West-Inje (alternative archaic colloquial)


Langerak

/ˈlɑ.ŋəˌrɑk/

* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as langeraeck in 1253. Compound of Middle Dutch lang (“long”) and rake (“straight section of a watercourse between two bends”). Probably named for a straight section of the Lek.
* (Drenthe) First attested as Langerak in 1899. Compound of lang (“long”) and rak (“straight section of a watercourse between two bends”). Originally a hydronym.
* (Gelderland) First attested as Langerak in 1457. Compound of lang (“long”) and rak (“straight section of a watercourse between two bends”).
* (Utrecht) Compound of lang (“long”) and rak (“straight section of a watercourse between two bends”). Named after a polder.
The surname is derived from one of several toponyms.

a village and former municipality of Molenlanden, South Holland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Coevorden, Drenthe, Netherlands

a hamlet in Doetinchem, Gelderland, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


den Hartog

→ English: Denhartog


Kouwenberg

The hamlet is first attested as ten caudenberghe in 1382. Compound of koud (“cold, wet”) (possibly referring to the exposed location of the hill) and berg (“hill, elevated place”).
The surname derives from one of several toponyms.

a hamlet in Tilburg, North Brabant, Netherlands


Bertus

Rijdt Bertus nog steeds op zijn Norton?


Hubertus

Borrowed from Latin Hubertus, a Latinisation of Hubrecht.


stad achter de duinen

Literally, “city behind the dunes”, from the city's location on the North Sea coast. Popularized by the 1982 song O, o, Den Haag, which features the line O, o, Den Haag, mooie stad achter de duinen in its chorus.


Domstad

Compound of dom (“cathedral”) + stad (“city”), named after the episcopal seat in the Dom Church of Utrecht.


Hofstad

Compound of hof (“court”) + stad (“city”). Named after the Binnenhof, which originally was the seat of the Counts of Holland and now houses the Dutch parliament.

De Hofstad met haar grote Indische gemeenschap was de belangrijkste scene van de indorock.

The Hague, with its large community of Indo descent, was the most important scene of Indo rock.

(always with definite article) The Hague


Hofstad

* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as Hofstad in 1838-1857. Derived from hofstad (“farmstead, homestead”).
* (Utrecht) Derived from the toponym Westrummerhofstad (a former village), a compound of the toponym Westrum (derived in turn from Middle Dutch wester (“western, west-”) and heem (“home, settlement”)) and hovestat (“homestead”). As the neighbourhood is located in the southeast of Houten, it was decided to drop the element Westrummer.

a neighbourhood of Bladel, North Brabant, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Houten, Utrecht, Netherlands


Utreg

pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling

(Utrecht dialect) pronunciation spelling of Utrecht


Ertsgebergte

From erts + gebergte, probably a calque of German Erzgebirge.

Ore Mountains (mountain range in the Czech-German border area)


Aleoetisch

Probably borrowed. Equivalent to Aleoet or Aleoeten + -isch.


Esmee

Ultimately from French; see English Esmé.


Wissel

First attested as de wischele in 1273. Etymology uncertain. Possibilities include a compound derived from either Proto-Germanic *wisô- (“pasture”) or Old Dutch Widso (a personal name) and lo (“light forest”) and a derivation from Middle Dutch wissel (“changing, variable”) (used here to indicate land that changes hands each year). Compare Wenum-Wiesel, Wessel and Wezel.

cog

a hamlet in Epe, Gelderland, Netherlands


Brinkheurne

/ˌbrɪŋkˈɦøːr.nə/

First attested in 1840 as Brink-Heurne. Compound of brink (“pasture, village green”) and heurne, a dialectal variant of hoorn (“jutting piece of land”).

a hamlet in Winterswijk, Gelderland, Netherlands


Henxel

First attested in 1362 as hengheslo. Derived from a compound of unclear first component (perhaps Old Dutch Henge (a personal name)) and lo (“light forest”).


Huppel

First attested as huppelo in the 13th century. Derived from a compound of Proto-Germanic *huppan- (“hops”) and lo (“light forest”).


Kotten

First attested as katen in 1302. Derived from the plural form of Middle Dutch cot (“cottage, hovel”).


Miste

First attested as de mizst in 1245. Etymology unknown. Perhaps a derivation from Proto-Germanic *mariska (“land next to water”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix *-iþi.

unk

unknown


Ratum

First attested as ratmen in 1330. Etymology uncertain, although it is definitely not a compound with the element heem (“home, settlement”). Compare Bathmen, Berkum, Besthmen, Diermen, Fortmond, Giethmen, Helpman, Hertme, Rande, Reutum, Thamen, Wachtum and Wijthmen.


Meddo

First attested in 1320 as medehoen. Compound derived from Old Dutch mede (“middle”) and hô (“height”). Compare Holthone, Vollenhove and Wiene.

a village in Winterswijk, Gelderland, Netherlands


Bredevoort

First attested as breideruord in 1188. Compound of breed (“broad”) and voort (“ford”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Breevoort.

a city and former municipality of Aalten, Gelderland, Netherlands


Dinxperlo

First attested as dincsperle in 1260. Likely a compound derived from Middle Dutch dincspel (“legal district”) and lo (“light forest”).

inh

a village and former municipality of Aalten, Gelderland, Netherlands


De Heurne

/də ˈɦøːr.nə/

First attested in 1841 as Heurne. Derived from heurne, a dialectal variant of hoorn (“jutting piece of land”). Not to be confused with the neighbouring hamlet of Heurne.

a village in Aalten, Gelderland, Netherlands


Barlo

First attested as berle in 1366. Compound derived from bar (“barren”) and lo (“light forest”). Compare Baal, Baarle-Hertog, Baarle-Nassau, Baarlo, Bahr and Hoog-Baarlo.

a hamlet in Aalten, Gelderland, Netherlands


Het Beggelder

First attested as Beggelder in 1840. Potentially related to baggelaar (“peat extracted from bogland”).


Groot Deunk

/ˌɣroːt ˈdøːŋk/

First attested as dudinc in 1366. Derived from groot (“big”) and Old Dutch Dudo (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing-.


Haart

* (Gelderland) First attested as de Haert in 1758. Likely derived from Middle Dutch haert (“farmstead”).
* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as aengen Haert in 1540. Derived from Middle Dutch haert (“farmstead”).

a hamlet in Boxmeer, North Brabant, Netherlands


Heurne

⇒ Translingual: Huernia

* (Aalten) First attested as horne in 1492. Derived from heurne, a dialectal variant of hoorn (“jutting piece of land”). Not to be confused with the nearby village of De Heurne.
* (Bronckhorst) First attested as Groot Heurne in 1868. Derived from heurne, a dialectal variant of hoorn (“jutting piece of land”).

a hamlet in Bronckhorst, Gelderland, Netherlands


't Klooster

Named after the former Nazareth monastery.


Lintelo

First attested as lyntlo in 1365. Compound derived from linde (“linden tree”) and lo (“light forest”).


't Villeken

First attested in 1392 as wedelynch. Derived from Old Dutch Wadilo (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing-.


IJzerlo

First attested as yserlo in 1356. Compound derived from ijzer (“iron”) and lo (“light forest”). Named for the presence of iron ore.


Terborg

First attested as castelli de wische in 1311. Compound of ter (“at”) and Middle Dutch borch (“castle”). Named after a castle that was the seat of the fiefdom of Wisch.

Oude IJsselstreek
Oude IJsselstreek#English

a city and former municipality of Oude IJsselstreek, Gelderland, Netherlands


Bontebrug

First attested as Bontebrug in 1839. Compound of bont (“motley”) and brug (“bridge”). Named after an old manor, which in turn is named after a bridge across the Aa-Strang.

a village in Oude IJsselstreek, Gelderland, Netherlands


Breedenbroek

First attested as bredenbroick in 1386. Compound of breed (“broad”) and broek (“marsh”).


Etten

First attested as Middle Dutch ettene in 1200. Etymology uncertain. Potentially linked to Middle Dutch etten (“to make animals graze”). Compare Attelaken and Eethen.

a village and former municipality of Oude IJsselstreek, Gelderland, Netherlands


Gendringen

First attested as bruocgandringe at the beginning of the 12th century. Preceded by broek (“marsh”) in older forms. Derived from Old Dutch *Gandheri (a personal name) with collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Megchelen

First attested as mehla in 1138. Compound of Middle Dutch lo (“light forest”) and an unclear first component. Potentially related to Maasmechelen and Mechelen.


Netterden

First attested as netterthen in 1218. Etymology unknown. Potentially etymologically related to the closeby Nütterden. The toponym might be derived from Proto-Germanic *natǭ (“nettle”).

unk

unknown


Silvolde

First attested as suluelda in 838. Compound of wold (“marshy forest”) with an unclear first component. The earliest attestation hints at veld (“field”) as the second component. Some researchers interpret suluelda as actually referring to Zilven.


Sinderen

First attested as sidram in 960. Etymology uncertain. Potential etymologies include a compound derived from Proto-Germanic *sundra (“isolated”) and *harja (“sandy ridge”) or a derivation from Middle Dutch sinder (“slag”). Compare Zenderen.


Ulft

First attested as ulfte in 1122. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from a forgotten tree name Old Dutch *ulve with the collectivising suffix *-iþi. Compare Ulfterhoek and Ulvenhout.


Varsselder

First attested as vrasle in 1242. Potentially a compound derived from Middle Dutch varse (“young cow”) and laar (“intensively cultivated forest”), replacing older lo (“light forest”) as the second component. Compare Peursum, Poederoijen, Poeijers, Sterksel, Vaarle, Vaarsel, Varsen, Varssel, Varsseveld, Ten Vorsel and Bolsele.


Varsseveld

First attested as versnevelde in 1152. Perhaps a compound of Middle Dutch varse (“young cow”) and veld (“field”). Another etymology explains the first component as Middle Dutch versene (“heel”), used here as a metaphor for the shape of the field. Compare Peursum, Poederoijen, Poeijers, Sterksel, Vaarle, Vaarsel, Varsen, Varssel, Varsselder, Ten Vorsel and Bolsele.


Westendorp

* (Oude IJsselstreek) First attested as Westendorp in 1840. Compound of westen (“western”) and dorp (“village”).
* (Epe) First attested as Westendorp in 1637. Compound of westen (“western”) and dorp (“village”).


De Heuven

First attested as Heuven in 1840. Derived from the plural form of a dialectal variant of hoeve (“unit of land”).

a hamlet in Oude IJsselstreek, Gelderland, Netherlands


Engbergen

First attested as Engbergen in 1830. Compound of eng (“village pasture”) and the plural form of berg (“hill, elevated place”).


Heelweg

First attested as heelweghe in 1354. Derived from eastern Middle Dutch heelweg (“public road”).


Milt

First attested as meelt in 1391. Etymology unclear. Perhaps derived from Middle Dutch *middelt (“centrally located”).

unclear


Rafelder

First attested as raefler in 1417. Compound derived from raaf (“raven”) and laar (“intensively cultivated forest”).


Veldhunten

First attested as velthunten in 1200. Perhaps a compound of Middle Dutch velt (“field”) and hont (“unit of measurement”).


Warm

First attested as werehem in 1200. Perhaps a compound of Old Dutch were (“levee”) and hem (“home, settlement”).


Wieken

First attested as Wekene in 1145. Etymology uncertain. Perhaps related to Old English wice (“type of tree”).


IJsselhunten

Perhaps a compound of the hydronym IJssel and Middle Dutch hont (“unit of measurement”).


Ziek

First attested as syke in 1235. Originally a hydronym related to Middle Dutch sîgen (“drop, flow”). Compare Zeegse, Zeesse, Zeijen, Zeist, Seeste and Segeste.


Gaanderen

First attested around 1200 as Old Dutch gērnere. Usually interpreted as a compound of *gēr (“wedge-shaped”) and *heri (“sandy ridge”). Compare Gerner.

a village in Doetinchem, Gelderland, Netherlands


Nieuw-Wehl

First attested as Achter Wehl in 1830. Compound of nieuw (“new”) and the toponym Wehl. The component nieuw replaced older achter (“rear”) in 1933.


Wehl

First attested as wele in 1200. Etymology uncertain. The location of the village precludes the possibility of a derivation from wiel (“kolk lake”).

a village and former municipality of Doetinchem, Gelderland, Netherlands


Het Broek

* (Gelderland) Attested as het Broek in 1860. Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”).
* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as opt broeck in 1386. Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”).
* (Overijssel) Derived from broek (“marsh, marshland”).

a hamlet in Doetinchem, Gelderland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Geldrop-Mierlo, North Brabant, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Hengelo, Overijssel, Netherlands


Gaanderhei

/ˌɣaːn.dərˈɦɛi̯/

Compound derived from Gaanderen and hei (“heath”).


Heidekant

First attested as Heidekant in 1844. Compound of heide (“heath, heathland”) and kant (“side, edge”).


Kleindorp

* (Gelderland) First attested as Kleindorp in 1936. Compound of klein (“small”) and dorp (“village”).
* (Limburg) First attested as Cleijndorp in 1589. Compound of klein (“small”) and dorp (“village”).

a hamlet in Venray, Limburg, Netherlands


Wijnbergen

* (Doetinchem) First attested as winburg in 1185. Etymology uncertain. Potentially a compound formed from Old Dutch winna (“pasture”) and burg (“reinforced settlement”). A different etymology interprets the first component as Old Dutch wini (“friend”).
* (Epe) First attested as op de Wijnberg in 1657. Derived from wijnberg (“place where grapes grow”). Named after a farm named in turn after a field.

a hamlet in Epe, Gelderland, Netherlands


IJzevoorde

First attested as ysenuort in 1235. Compound of either the hydronym IJze or Middle Dutch Iso (a personal name) and voorde (“ford”).


's-Heerenberg

First attested as berga in the twelfth century. Compound of heer (“lord”) and Old Dutch berge (“hill, elevated place”) with genitive prefix 's-. The city became the seat of the fiefdom of Bergh in 1486.

a city and former municipality of Montferland, Gelderland, Netherlands


Didam

First attested as diedehun in 1025. Compound of Old Dutch Diede (a personal name) and heem (“home, settlement”). The second element was gradually reinterpreted to dam (“dam”). Compare Zeddam.

a town and former municipality of Montferland, Gelderland, Netherlands


Azewijn

/ˈaː.zəˌʋɛi̯n/

First attested as asawon in 1025. Etymology uncertain. A link to Middle Dutch winne (“pasture”) is tenuous, as the earliest forms do not appear to contain this element.

a village in Montferland, Gelderland, Netherlands


Braamt

First attested as brameth in 1241. Derived from braam (“blackberry”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -t.