Arnhem

First attested as arneym in 893. Compound derived from Old Dutch Aro (“a personal name”) or Arn (a personal name) (both deriving in turn from Proto-Germanic *arnu- (“eagle”)) and heem (“home, settlement”).
The surname is derived from the toponym.

Meronyms: De Praets, Elden, Schaarsbergen, Terlet, 't Vlot

Arnhem (a city, municipality, and capital of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Berg en Dal

First attested in 1867. Derived from berg (“hill, elevated place”), en (“and”) and dal (“valley, vale”). Named for the hilly landscape.

Meronyms: Beek, Breedeweg, De Horst, De Kamp, De Vlietberg, Erlecom, Grafwegen, Groenlanden, Groesbeek, Haukes, Heilig Landstichting, Holdeurn, Kekerdom, Leuth, Millingen aan de Rijn, Ooij, Persingen, Plak, Tiengeboden, Ubbergen, Valkenlaagte, Wercheren, Zeeland

Berg en Dal (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Berg en Dal

Sranan Tongo: Bergi

a settlement and former plantation in Brokopondo, Suriname


Berkelland

Meronyms: Avest, Beltrum, Borculo, Brammelerbroek, Brinkmanshoek, Broeke, De Bruil, De Haar, De Horst, Dijkhoek, Eibergen, Geesteren, Gelselaar, Haarlo, Heure, Holterhoek, Hoonte, Hupsel, Kisveld, Kulsdom, Leo-Stichting, Lintvelde, Lochuizen, Loo, Mallem, Nederbiel, Neede, Noordijk, Noordijkerveld, Olden Eibergen, Oosterveld, Overbiel, Rekken, Respelhoek, Rietmolen, Ruurlo, Ruwenhof, Schependom, Spilbroek, Veldhoek, Waterhoek, Zwilbroek

Berkelland (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Beuningen

* (Gelderland) First attested as boninge in 1139. Derived from the Old Dutch Bono (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing-.
* (Overijssel) First attested as in baningi in the late 10th century. Derived from the Old Dutch Bono (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing-.

Meronyms: Ewijk, Hoek, Hoeve, Weurt, Winssen

Beuningen (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)

a village in Losser, Overijssel, Netherlands


Bronckhorst

Meronyms: Achter-Drempt, Baak, Bekveld, Bronkhorst, Delden, De Meene, Drempt, Dunsborg, Eldrik, Gooi, Halle, Halle-Heide, Halle-Nijman, Heidenhoek, Hengelo, Heurne, Hoog-Keppel, Hummelo, Keijenborg, Kranenburg, Laag-Keppel, Linde, Medler, Meuhoek, Mossel, Noordink, Olburgen, Oosterwijk, Rha, Steenderen, Toldijk, Varssel, Veldhoek, Veldwijk, Velswijk, Vierakker, Voor-Drempt, Vorden, Wassinkbrink, Wichmond, Wientjesvoort, Wildenborch, Winkelshoek, Wittebrink, Wolfersveen, Zelhem

Bronckhorst (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Culemborg

From Middle Dutch Culenborch. First attested as in kulenburg in 1281. Compound of regional kuil (“kolk lake”) and burg (“fortified settlement, castle”).

Meronym: Goilberdingen

Culemborg (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Doesburg

First attested as dusburg in 1025. Etymology uncertain. Perhaps a compound derived from Old Dutch dust (“brushwood”) or dôse (“mossy fen”) and burg (“reinforced settlement, castle”). Compare Donzel, Dunsborg, Duisburg, Duisenburg and Duisdorf.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Doezebarg.

Meronyms: Beinum, Molenveld, Wemmersweerd

Doesburg (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Druten

First attested as drutena in the 11th century. Etymology uncertain. Perhaps derived from Proto-Germanic *þrutina (“throat, narrow passage”), which when used in toponyms might designate an elevated location.

cog

Meronyms: Afferden, Deest, Horssen, Molenhoek, Neersteind, Puiflijk

Druten (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Duiven

First attested as thuuina in 838. Likely derived from Old Dutch thufina (“hillock”). There are indications that the original meaning of the name was forgotten fairly quickly, as is evidenced by an inhabitant being called de Columba ("of the Pigeons", with the original name being confused for duiven (“pigeons”)) in a text from 1297. Compare Duiveland, Duivendijke, Duivendrecht and Duivenvoorde.

Meronyms: De Eng, Groessen, Helhoek, Het Leuven, Loo, Nieuwgraaf

Duiven (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Elburg

First attested as elburg in 1225. Etymology uncertain. Several interprations of El- have been proposed, ranging from a personal name to a reference to the city being located on an elevated section of land to a derivation from a term related to elleboog (“elbow”) (impossible because of the presence of -n- in older forms of the word, see Middle Dutch elne (“elbow”)). A derivation from Middle Dutch *helberg (“hill among low-lying terrain”) is also unlikely. The use of ter elborch implies that the second element is Middle Dutch borch (“castle, fortified settlement”). See also Elspeet.

inh

Meronyms: Aperloo, Doornspijk, Hoge Enk, Lage Bijssel, Nieuwstad, Oostendorp, 't Harde, Wessinge

Elburg (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Epe

First attested as ape in 1176. Derived from Old Dutch *apjô- (“land by a river”).

Meronyms: Boshoek, De Hegge, De Oosterhof, Dijkhuizen, Emst, Geerstraat, Gortel, Hanendorp, Laarstraat, Loobrink, Niersen, Oene, Schaveren, 't Laar, Tongeren, Vaassen, Vemde, Westendorp, Wijnbergen, Wissel, Zuuk

Epe (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Ermelo

First attested as irminlo in 855. Composite name derived from Proto-Germanic *irmina- (“divine, exalted, great”) and lo (“light forest”).

Meronyms: De Beek, Drie, Horst, Houtdorp, Leuvenum, Speuld, Staverden, Telgt, Tonsel

Ermelo (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Geldermalsen

First attested as gelremalsen in 1494. Composite name derived from Gelre (“pertaining to Gelre”) and Malsen (etymology uncertain, likely a pre-Germanic hydronym *Malsna). Malsen was a fief that was split between Gelre and Buren around 1253, with Buren's share receiving the name Buurmalsen.

a village and former municipality of West Betuwe, Gelderland, Netherlands


Harderwijk

/ˌɦɑr.dərˈʋɛi̯k/

* (Gelderland) First attested as harderewich and herderewich in 1231. Etymology uncertain. A compound formed from either herder (“shepherd”) or harde (“solid, hard soil”) and wijk (“settlement, village”) is one possibility. Derivations from a shallow area near the city called Het Harde or Old Dutch Hardheri (a personal name) have also been proposed. Compare Hierden, Heerde and 't Harde. See also Dutch Low Saxon Harderwiek.
* (Noord-Holland) Attested as Harderwijk in 1764. Potentially named after the city.

Meronyms: Duinen, Frankrijk, Hierden

Harderwijk (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)

a hamlet in Opmeer, North Holland, Netherlands


Hattem

First attested as hatheim around 800-850. Compound derived from the tribal name of the Hatti and heem (“home, settlement”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Attem.

Hattem (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Heerde

First attested as herodna in 838. Likely derived from Proto-Germanic *harud (“forested heights”) with locative -n- suffix. Compare Hierden, Harderwijk and 't Harde.

Meronyms: Bakhuisbos, Berghuizen, Hoorn, Hoornerveen, Horsthoek, Markluiden, Veessen, Vorchten, Wapenveld, Wapenveld-Noord, Werven, Wolbert

Heerde (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Heumen

First attested as homen in 1188. Etymology uncertain, although the origins of the name are likely Germanic. Perhaps derived from Middle Dutch homme (“mould”) (compare huim (“foetid air”)) and Old Norse húm (“twilight, dusk”). More at hom (“milt”).

Meronyms: Blankenberg, De Schatkuil, Ewijk, Heide, Malden, Molenhoek, Nederasselt, Overasselt, Schoonenburg, Sleeburg, Valenberg, Vogelzang, Worsum

Heumen (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Lingewaal

Compound of the hydronyms Linge and Waal. The municipality was named for its location at the confluence of the two rivers.

Lingewaal (a former municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Lingewaard

/ˈlɪ.ŋəˌʋaːrt/

Compound of the hydronym Linge and waard (“riverine island, land next to water”).

Meronyms: Angeren, Baal, Bemmel, Bergerden, Boerenhoek, De Pas, Doornenburg, Doornik, Flieren, Gendt, Haalderen, Hoeve, Honderdmorgen, Huissen, Hulhuizen, Kapel, Klein Baal, Kommerdijk, Looveer, Ressen, Sterreschans, Vossenpels, Zandheuvel, Zandvoort

Lingewaard (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Lochem

First attested with certainty as lochem in 1188. Potentially a compound derived either from Middle Dutch locke (“garlic, Allium”) or Old Dutch loc (“hole, opening”) and heem (“home, settlement”).

Meronyms: Almen, Ampsen, Armhoede, Barchem, De Schoolt, Eefde, Epse, Exel, Gorssel, Groot Dochteren, Harfsen, Joppe, Klein Dochteren, Kring van Dorth, Langen, Laren, Nettelhorst, Oolde, Quatre Bras, Zwiep

Lochem (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Maasdriel

Compound of the hydronym Maas and the toponymic element driel, which appears in the names of several villages within the municipality.

Meronyms: Alem, Ammerzoden, Californië, Doorning, Hedel, Heerewaarden, Hoenzadriel, Hurwenen, Kerkdriel, Oensel, Rome, Rossum, Sint Andries, Slijkwell, Velddriel, Veluwe, Voorne, Well, Wellseind, Wordragen

Maasdriel (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Montferland

Likely derived from French Montferrand, a crusader castle in northern Syria. The municipality is named after a large motte-and-bailey castle.

Meronyms: Azewijn, Beek, Braamt, Didam, Friesland, Greffelkamp, Heide, Holthuizen, Kilder, Klein-Azewijn, Lengel, Loerbeek, Loil, Nieuw-Dijk, Oud-Dijk, 's-Heerenberg, Stokkum, Vethuizen, Vinkwijk, Zeddam

Montferland (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Neder-Betuwe

Compound of neder (“lower, downstream”) and the toponym Betuwe. The name of the municipality contrasts with Overbetuwe.

Meronyms: Den Akker, Dodewaard, Echteld, Eldik, Hien, Hoogbroek, IJzendoorn, Kesteren, Lede en Oudewaard, Ochten, Ooij, Opheusden, Pottum, Wely

Neder-Betuwe (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Neerijnen

First attested as nederynen in 1265. Compound of neer (“lower, downriver”) (as opposed to Opijnen) and a second element of unclear origins.


Nijkerk

First attested as nyenkercke in 1333-1334. Compound of Middle Dutch nij (“new”) and kerk (“church”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Niekark.

Meronyms: Achterhoek, Appel, De Veenhuis, Doornsteeg, Driedorp, Hoevelaken, Holk, Holkerveen, Kruishaar, Nekkeveld, Nijkerkerveen, Palestina, Prinsenkamp, Slichtenhorst, 't Woud, Wullenhoven

Nijkerk (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Nunspeet

First attested as nunspiet in 1313. Etymology uncertain. The toponym is explained as *nuewenspete (derived from Middle Dutch nuwe (“new”) and spete (“dug ground”)) or alternatively as *nums-speet (derived from Middle Dutch nums (“nobody's, no-man's”) and spete (“dug ground”)). The first etymology is taken to mean "freshly dug ground", while the second etymology is explained as "no-man's land that anybody can use". The latter etymology fits slightly better with earlier forms of the name.

Meronyms: Elspeet, Grote Kolonie, Hulshorst, Kleine Kolonie, Oosteinde, Vierhouten, Westeinde, Zoom, Zwarte Goor

Nunspeet (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Oldebroek

First attested as palus, qui vocatur hollandensis ("the swamp that is called of Holland") in 1277. Compound of oud (“old”) and broek (“marsh, marshland”). The mention of "hollandensis" in the oldest attestation is either a reference to the swamp having been settled by colonists from Holland or to the conversion of the swampland to arable land in the Hollandic fashion. The element oud was added later in order to distinguish the village from other places bearing similar names.

Meronyms: Bovenveen, Duinkerken, Eekt, Hattemerbroek, Kerkdorp, Mullegen, Noordeinde, Oosterwolde, Posthoorn, 't Loo, Trutjeshoek, Voskuil, Wezep, Zuideinde

Oldebroek (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Oost Gelre

Derived from oost (“east-, eastern”) and the toponym Gelre.

Meronyms: De Schutterij, De Wopereis, Eefsele, Groenlo, Harreveld, Lichtenvoorde, Lievelde, Mariënvelde, 't Rolder, Tuute, Vragender, Zieuwent, Zwolle

Oost Gelre (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Oude IJsselstreek

Derived from oud (“old”) and a compound of the hydronym IJssel and streek (“area, region”).

Meronyms: Bontebrug, Breedenbroek, De Heuven, Elten, Engbergen, Gendringen, Heelweg, IJsselhunten, Megchelen, Milt, Netterden, Rafelder, Silvolde, Sinderen, Terborg, Ulft, Varsselder, Varsseveld, Veldhunten, Voorst, Vriezelaar, Wals, Warm, Westendorp, Wieken, Ziek

Oude IJsselstreek
Oude IJsselstreek#English

Oude IJsselstreek (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Overbetuwe

Compound of over (“upper, upstream”) and the toponym Betuwe. The name of the municipality contrasts with Neder-Betuwe.

Meronyms: Aam, Andelst, Bredelaar, Driel, Eimeren, Elst, Hemmen, Herveld, Heteren, Homoet, Indoornik, Keulse Kamp, Lakemond, Leedjes, Linden, Loenen, Merm, Oosterhout, Raayen, Randwijk, Reeth, Slijk-Ewijk, Snodenhoek, Valburg, Wolferen, Zetten

Overbetuwe (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Putten

* (Gelderland) First attested as puthem in 855. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Dutch putti (“well”). Not a compound derived from put (“well”) and heem (“home, homestead”).
* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as Putten in 1865. Derived from the dative plural form of put (“well”).

Meronyms: Bijsteren, Diermen, Gerven, Halvinkhuizen, Hell, Hoef, Huinen, Huinerbroek, Huinerwal, Koudhoorn, Krachtighuizen, Steenenkamer, 't Oever, Veenhuizerveld

Putten (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)

a neighbourhood of Eindhoven, North Brabant, Netherlands


Renkum

First attested as redincghem in 970. Compound derived from Old Dutch Rado (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing- and hem (“home, settlement”).

Meronyms: Buunderkamp, Doorwerth, Heelsum, Heveadorp, Kievitsdel, Oosterbeek, Wolfheze

Renkum (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Rheden

First attested as rheton in 960. Dative plural derivation from Old Dutch ret (“reeds”). A compound of riet (“reeds”) and heem (“home, settlement”) is impossible. Compare Reeth.

Meronyms: De Steeg, Dieren, Ellecom, Laag-Soeren, Spankeren, Velp

Rheden (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Rijnwaarden

Compound of the hydronym Rijn and the plural form of waard (“land next to water, riverine island”).

Rijnwaarden (a former municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Rozendaal

* (Gelderland) First attested as rosendale in 1317. Compound of roos (“rose”) and dal (“vale, valley”). Named after a castle built by count Reinald I.
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as Rosendael in 1687. Compound of roos (“rose”) and dal (“vale, valley”). Originally the name of a polder.
* (Utrecht) Compound of roos (“rose”) and dal (“vale, valley”). Named after a former farmhouse.
The surname derives from a compound of roos (“rose”) and dal (“dale, valley”) or from one of several toponyms.

Roosendaal (alternative)
Roozendaal (alternative)

Meronym: Imbosch

Rozendaal (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)

a hamlet in Krimpenerwaard, South Holland, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Leusden, Utrecht, Netherlands


Scherpenzeel

* (Gelderland) First attested as v. scherpesiel in 1229. Compound of either Old Dutch Skarpo (a personal name) or skarp (“sharp, cutting”) and Middle Dutch sele (“hall house”).
* (Friesland) First attested as scherpensele and scarpensele in 1245. Compound of either Old Dutch Skarpo (a personal name) or skarp (“sharp, cutting”) and Middle Dutch sele (“hall house”).
The surname derives from one of several toponyms.

Scherpenzeel (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)

a village in Weststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands


Tiel

First attested as dioli in 850-865. Etymology uncertain. Possibilities include a derivation from Middle Dutch tuyl (“agricultural land”) or from a term related to Middle Low German tûl (“copse”). Compare Thull, Tilburg, Tuil and Tull en 't Waal.

Meronyms: Bergakker, Drumpt, Kapel-Avezaath, Medel, Passewaaij, Wadenoijen, Zennewijnen

Tiel (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Voorst

* (Voorst) First attested as worst in 893. Derived from Old Dutch vorst (“preserve”).
* (Oude IJsselstreek) First attested as forsto in 1329. Derived from Old Dutch vorst (“preserve”).
* (Roerdalen) First attested as Neu Vorst and Alt Vorst in 1803-1820. Derived from Old Dutch vorst (“preserve”). See also Limburgish De Varsj.

Meronyms: Appen, Bussloo, De Kar, De Vecht, De Wijk, Duistervoorde, Gietelo, Klein Amsterdam, Nijbroek, Noord-Empe, Posterenk, Spekhoek, Steenenkamer, Terwolde, Teuge, Twello, Wilp, Wilp-Achterhoek

Voorst (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)

a hamlet in Oude IJsselstreek, Gelderland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Roerdalen, Limburg, Netherlands


Wageningen

/ˈʋaː.ɣəˌnɪ.ŋə(n)/

First attested as wagenunge in the 12th century. Derived from Old Dutch Wagano (a personal name) suffixed with the rare collective suffix -ung-.

Meronyms: Nude, Wageningen-Hoog

Wageningen (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


West Maas en Waal

The municipality is named for its location in the western half of the Land van Maas en Waal.

Meronyms: Alphen aan de Maas, Altforst, Appeltern, Beneden-Leeuwen, Berghuizen, Blauwesluis, Boven-Leeuwen, De Tuut, Dreumel, Greffeling, Maasbommel, Moordhuizen, Nieuwe Schans, Oude Maasdijk, Wamel, Woerd

West Maas en Waal
West Maas en Waal#English

West Maas en Waal (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Westervoort

First attested as westerwrd in 1025. Compound of Old Dutch wester (“west”) and wurt (“artificial mound used as shelter during floods”). The second component was later replaced by voort (“ford, crossing”).

Meronym: Schans

Westervoort (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Winterswijk

First attested as wintereswick in the 11th century. Compound of Old Dutch *Winidheri (a personal name) and wijk (“village, settlement”).
The surname is derived from the toponym.

Meronyms: Brinkheurne, Corle, Henxel, Huppel, Kotten, Meddo, Miste, Ratum, Woold

Winterswijk (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Zaltbommel

First attested as in bomala in 850. Etymology uncertain. Potentially a compound of zout (“salt”) and a compound element derived from Old Dutch bom (“tree”) and lo (“light forest”). The element zout potentially refers to trade in salt or, alternatively, to a tidal bore that drove seawater to the city. The interpretation of the first element as Proto-Germanic *salah- (“willow, Salix”) is incorrect. Compare Maasbommel.

cog

Meronyms: Aalst, Bern, Brakel, Bruchem, Delwijnen, De Rietschoof, Gameren, Kerkwijk, Nederhemert-Noord, Nederhemert-Zuid, Nieuwaal, Poederoijen, Poederoijensehoek, Zuilichem

Zaltbommel (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Zevenaar

First attested as subenhara around 1047. Etymology uncertain. Potentially a compound of a personal name and Old Dutch *hara (“sandy ridge”).

Zênder (alternative)
Zêvender (alternative)

Meronyms: Aerdenburg, Aerdt, Angerlo, Babberich, Bahr, Bevermeer, Bingerden, Geitenwaard, Giesbeek, Herwen, Holthuizen, Kijfwaard, Kwartier, Lathum, Lobith, Ooy, Pannerden, Oud-Zevenaar, Spijk, Tolkamer, Tuindorp, Veldhuizen, Zweekhorst

Zevenaar (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Zutphen

From Middle Dutch Sutfen. First attested as sutphem in 1101. Ultimate etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from a compound of Old Dutch sūth (“south-, southern”) and either fene (“peat bog, fen”) or fenne (“pasture, swampland”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Zutfent.

Meronyms: Bronsbergen, De Hoven, Leesten, Warken, Warnsveld

Zutphen (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Middelburg

From middel- (“middle”) + burg (“fortified settlement, castle”).
* (Zeeland) First attested as mittelburgenses in 1102-1105.
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as middelburgh in 1316. The toponym contrasts with Randenburg.

af

Meronyms: Arnemuiden, Brigdamme, Kleverskerke, Nieuw-Abeele, Nieuw- en Sint Joosland, Oudedorp, Schellach, Sint Laurens

Middelburg (a city, municipality, and capital of Zeeland, Netherlands)

a hamlet and former municipality of Bodegraven-Reeuwijk, South Holland, Netherlands


Zelder

First attested as sellar in 1357. Compound derived from an unclear first element and laar (“intensively cultivated forest”). The first element has been variously interpreted as a contraction of Middle Dutch seer (“sick, ill”) or sere, sel (“hall house”) and Proto-Germanic *salah (“willow”).

a hamlet in Gennep, Limburg, Netherlands


Dalen

First attested as in dalon in the 12th century. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Dutch dal (“dale, valley”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Daolen.

a village and former municipality of Coevorden, Drenthe, Netherlands


Amida

der

Hebrew עֲמִידָה

(Judaism) the Amidah, the Shmoneh Esreh (Jewish silent prayer said while standing)


Haskala

bor

Hebrew הַשְׂכָּלָה


Hadewig

From Middle Dutch Hadewijch, from Old Dutch *Hathuwīh.


Femke

Borrowed from West Frisian Femke, a diminutive of Fem and Femme. These are hypocoristic versions of a longer name, perhaps Fredemar.


Jopie

(dated, low sociolects) A familiar form for Johanna.


Jopie

(Netherlands) A familiar form for Joop, Jakob, Johannes, etc.


Wesch

First attested as Wesch (de) in 1877. Derived from Limburgish wesj (“washing place”). The reading of the toponym as wisch (“wet pasture”) is erroneous. Compare Waskemeer.
See also Limburgish De Wesj.

a hamlet in Eijsden-Margraten, Limburg, Netherlands


Zuidwest-Afrika

(historical) South West Africa (the colonial name of the area which is now Namibia)


Nederlands Onderduikers Paradijs

Literally, “Dutch Paradise for People-in-Hiding”. Wartime reinterpretation of N.O.P. (old spelling of NOP), abbreviation of Noordoostpolder. The Noordoostpolder was largely undeveloped during World War II.


Neeltje Jans

Uncertain. The sand bar, from which the island was constructed, already bore this name.

an artificial island in the Eastern Scheldt, Zeeland, the Netherlands, constructed from a sand bar to be used for building the Oosterscheldekering


Notel

First attested as notele in 1311. Compound of Middle Dutch not (“nut, nut tree”) and lo (“light forest”). Compare Nottloh, Nottuln, Nutteln, Notley and Nutley.

a neighbourhood of Oirschot, North Brabant, Netherlands


Darp

First attested as Erp in 1851-1855. Derived from an ablauted variant of dorp (“farmstead, village, subsidiary settlement”).

a village in Westerveld, Drenthe, Netherlands


Ool

First attested as ole between 1294 and 1295. Derived from ool (“land next to water, humid low-lying land”), an obsolete derivative of Proto-West Germanic *auwju (“floodplain, meadow”).
See also Limburgish Oeal.

der

a village in Roermond, Limburg, Netherlands


Oeteldonk

Nickname of 's-Hertogenbosch or Den Bosch during Carnival.


Deltaplan

Delta Plan; the infrastructural project that led to the construction of the waterworks protecting the delta of the Scheldt, Rhine and Meuse against flooding


Barbarije

(dated, historical) Barbary (the Mediterranean coastal region of North Africa)


Achel

First attested as achile in 1139. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Dutch *lō (“light forest”).

a village and former municipality of Hamont-Achel, Belgium


antirookmagiër

Compound of anti- (“anti-, against”) + roken (“to smoke”) + magiër (“mage, magician”).

af

Robert Jasper Grootveld
w:Robert Jasper Grootveld

Nickname or persona of Robert Jasper Grootveld, who would lead anti-smoking happenings at the statue Het Lieverdje while bizarrely dressed.


Swifterbant

First attested as suifterbant in 793. Derived from Old Dutch swifter (“left, northern”) and bant (“region, inhabited area”), from Proto-Germanic *bant-, *bantō, *banti (“district, region”), which could be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰonHdeₕ₂-, *bʰonHdos- (“useful, beneficial, good”), from *bʰHdús-.
Originally the name of a forest. The name was later chosen as suitable for one of the planned villages in the Flevopolder.

a village in Dronten, Flevoland, Netherlands


Molenbeek

Brussels-Capital Region
Brussels Capital Region

Sint-Jans-Molenbeek, commonly known as Molenbeek, a municipality in the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium


heiligheid der heiligheden

Ultimately from Biblical Hebrew קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים.

der

קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים

Biblical Hebrew קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים

(dated) Holy of Holies (in relation to the Temple of Solomon)


heilige der heiligen

/ɦɛi̯ləɣə dɛr ɦɛi̯ləɣə(n)/

קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים

Biblical Hebrew קֹדֶשׁ הַקֳּדָשִׁים

Holy of Holies (chiefly in relation to the Temple of Solomon)


Steeg

* (Limburg) Attested as Steeg in 1838-1857. Derived from steeg (“alley, narrow pathway”).
* (Gelderland) Attested as ter stege in 1450. Derived from steeg (“alley, narrow pathway”).

Horst aan de Maas
Horst aan de Maas#English

a hamlet in Horst aan de Maas, Limburg, Netherlands

a neighborhood of Zevenaar, Gelderland, Netherlands


Pama

Derived from West Frisian Pama (a surname).

a hamlet in Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands


Ulk

a neighbourhood of Almelo, Overijssel, Netherlands


Klaas

Shortened from Niklaas, Niclaas, Niclaes.


Asten

First attested as astene in 1202-1212. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from Proto-Germanic *asta- (“oven”).

Meronyms: Achterbos, Achterste Diesdonk, Behelp, Bussel, De Beek, De Berken, Dijk, Heusden, Laarbroek, Ommel, Oostappen, Rinkveld, Stegen, Voordeldonk, Voorste Diesdonk, Vosselen

Asten (a village and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Laude

First attested as lauder marke in 1466. Etymology unknown. Potentially related to Proto-Germanic *lauthô (“pool, swamp”), although this proposed etymology poses phonological difficulties.

unk

unknown

a hamlet in Westerwolde, Groningen, Netherlands


Burum

First attested as burum in 1408. Borrowed from West Frisian Boerum, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian buur (“home, cottage”). Compare Bierum and Sexbierum.

a village and former municipality of Noardeast-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Angelsassisch

From Angel + Sassisch, perhaps a calque.


Sassisch

From Middle Dutch Sassesch, perhaps a calque. Equivalent to Sas + -isch. Compare Low German Sassisch.


Sassenheim

First attested as uuestsagnem in 918-948. From Middle Dutch Sassenem, from Old Dutch Saxnem. Equivalent to Saso (a given name) + -en- + heim (“home”). The first element is unlikely to refer to the Saxon peoples. Compare Saaksum, Lutke Saaxum and Saaxumhuizen.

com

a village and former municipality of Teylingen, South Holland, Netherlands to the north of Leiden and Oegstgeest


Roel

Shortened from Roelof, Roeland and other names starting with Roel-.


Bekkeneelberg

Calque of Hebrew גולגולת. Equivalent to bekkeneel (“cranium”) + berg (“mountain”).


Zarathoestra

Ultimately from Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬚𐬎𐬱𐬙𐬭𐬀 (zaraθuštra).


de Jong

English: DeJong, DeYoung

Literally, “the young”, or more loosely translated as “the junior”. The de is a tussenvoegsel), from de + jong. Originally used to denote the younger of two namesakes in a family. Cognate with German Jung and English Young.

lit

a surname, the most common in the Netherlands


AVG

Abbreviation of Algemene verordening gegevensbescherming, GDPR


atoomtijdperk

From atoom + tijdperk, calque of English Atomic Age. First attested in 1945.


Sticht

From Middle Dutch sticht. Equivalent to a specialisation of sticht (“bishopric; monastery”).

(historical) Bishopric of Utrecht, consisting of Utrecht, Overijssel and Drenthe

the province or formerly the lordship of Utrecht


Plak

First attested as Plak in 1843. Derived from a dialectal variant of plag (“chunk of grass or turf”).

a hamlet in Berg en Dal, Gelderland, Netherlands


Magere Hein

/maːɣərə ɦɛi̯n/


Iberië

Ultimately from Latin Ibēria, Hibēria, from Ancient Greek Ἰβηρία (Ibēría).

Iberia (a peninsula and region of Europe south of the Pyrenees, consisting of Andorra, Spain, Portugal, and Gibraltar)


Markermeer

Univerbation of Marker (“of or pertaining to Marken, Noord-Holland”) and meer (“lake”).

Meronym: Gouwzee

a lake in the Netherlands, between North Holland and Flevoland, separated from the IJsselmeer by the Houtribdijk


IJsselmeer

a lake in the Netherlands, formerly part of the Zuiderzee


IJssel

From Proto-Germanic *Īsalō, probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eys- (“to move quickly”).

der

a river in the provinces of Gelderland and Overijssel, the Netherlands; a branch of the Rhine


Sietse

Borrowed from West Frisian Sytse, Sietse.

a male given name from West Frisian of West Frisian origin.


Sietske

Borrowed from West Frisian Sytske, Sietske.

a female given name from West Frisian of West Frisian origin.


luilekkerland

alternative letter-case form of Luilekkerland


Kreek

First attested as De Kreek in 1838-1857. Derived from kreek (“small inlet or gully in a tidal zone”), which is from the same ultimate source as English creek.

a hamlet in Moerdijk, North Brabant, Netherlands


Uden

First attested as uthen in 1190. Etymology unknown. No relationship with Proto-Indo-European *ud- (“water, marsh”).
The surname derives from the toponym.

unk

unknown

cog

a town and former municipality of Maashorst, North Brabant, Netherlands


Martens

Martensz (alternative)
Martense (alternative)
Martensen (alternative)
Martensse (alternative)
Martenssen (alternative)


Zondervan

Univerbation of zonder (“without”) + van (“surname”).


Zandberg

* (Drenthe) Attested as Sandberg in 1781. Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Zaandbarg, Saandbaarg.
* (Gelderland) Attested as Zandberg (De) in 1874. Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”).
* (Peel en Maas, Helden) Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”).
* (Peel en Maas, Maasbree) Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”).
* (Simpelveld) Attested as Sandberg in 1797. Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”). Named after a nearby farmhouse.
* (Zeeland) Attested as Zantbergen in 1575. Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”). Named after a nearby sand ridge.
* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as achter die zantberge in 1411. Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”).
* (Overijssel) First attested as bij den berch in 1447. Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“hill, elevated place”).
The surname derives from one of the toponyms or from zandberg.

a village in Borger-Odoorn, Drenthe, Netherlands

a hamlet in Buren, Gelderland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Peel en Maas, Limburg, Netherlands

a hamlet in Simpelveld, Limburg, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Breda, North Brabant, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Kampen, Overijssel, Netherlands


Faan

First attested as fene in the 13th century. Derived from Old Frisian fane (“peat bog, marsh”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon t Voan.

a village in Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands


de Boer

English: Deboer


de Graaf

Originated as either a nickname or a locational (nick)name, equivalent to de (“the”) + graaf (“count”).


de Leeuw

Deleeuw (alternative)
De Leeuw (alternative)


Meijer

From Latin maior. Also spelled as Meyer.


van den Berg

van den Berge (alternative)
van den Bergh (alternative)


Willemsen

alternative form of Willems, a surname originating as a patronymic


Altena

* (Noord-Brabant) From Middle Dutch Altena, Holtena (among other spellings), from an Old Dutch term which is only attested as Latinized Huoltena, the name of a river probably deriving from Proto-Germanic *hultą (“wood”) + *ahwō (“water, river”); thus equivalent to hout + a.
* (Drenthe) First attested as de altena in 1143, 1145 and 1167. Compound of al (“much”), te (“too”) and na (“close”). The toponym contrasts with Alteveer. Compare Matena, Nauerna and Nergena. See also Dutch Low Saxon Altenao.
* (Zeeland)
The surname derives from one of several toponyms.

Meronyms: Almkerk, Andel, Babyloniënbroek, Biesheuvel, Bronkhorst, Buurtje, Drongelen, Duizend Morgen, Dussen, Eethen, Eng, Genderen, Giessen, Hank, Hill, Hoekeinde, Keizersveer, Kerkeinde, Kievitswaard, Kille, Korn, Meeuwen, Moleneind, Nieuwendijk, Oudendijk, Peerenboom, Rijswijk, Schans, Sleeuwijk, Spijk, Stenenheul, Steurgat, 't Zand, Uitwijk, Uppel, Veen, Vierbannen, Vijcie, Waardhuizen, Werkendam, Wijk en Aalburg, Woudrichem, Zandwijk

Altena (a municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)

a village in Noordenveld, Drenthe, Netherlands

a hamlet in Terneuzen, Zeeland, Netherlands


de Vos

Afrikaans: Devos

→ English: Devos

→ French: Devos

→ German: Devos

→ Italian: Devos

→ Portuguese: Devos

→ Spanish: Devos

a surname, Devos, equivalent to English Fox


Devos

Afrikaans: Devos

→ English: Devos

→ French: Devos

→ German: Devos

→ Italian: Devos

→ Portuguese: Devos

→ Spanish: Devos

Univerbation of de + Vos, literally “the fox”.

univ

(Belgium) a surname, Devos, equivalent to English Fox


Dirks

Dirkse (alternative)
Dirksen (alternative)
Dirksz (alternative)
Dirksse (alternative)
Dirkssen (alternative)


Faas

English: Faas


Fontein

* (Aruba) Derived from fontein (“spring, source”).
* (Curaçao) Derived from fontein (“spring, source”). Originally the name of a plantation.
The surname derives from one of the senses of fontein or from one of several toponyms.


Valkenburg

* (Limburg) First attested as de castello de Falcomonte in 1121. Compound of valk (“falcon, Falco sp.”) and a second element that is either burg (“castle, fortified settlement”) or berg (“hill, elevated place”). See also Limburgish Valkeberg.
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as ualcanaburg in 918-948. Compound of the genitive plural form of Old Dutch falko (“falcon, Falco sp.”) and burg (“fortified settlement, castle”).
The surname derives from one of the toponyms.

Valkenburg aan de Geul
Valkenburg aan de Geul#English

a city and former municipality of Valkenburg aan de Geul, Limburg, Netherlands

a village and former municipality of Katwijk, South Holland, Netherlands


van der Merwe

From van (“from”) + der (“the”) + merwe (“Merwede”), merwe being an older form of Merwede.


Witteveen

* (Midden-Drenthe) First attested as het Witteveen in 1856. Compound of wit (“white”) and veen (“peat bog, marsh”). Compare It Wytfean.
* (De Wolden) First attested as Witteveen in 1913. Compound of wit (“white”) and veen (“peat bog, marsh”). Compare It Wytfean. See also Dutch Low Saxon Wittevène.
The surname derives from one of several toponyms.

a village in Midden-Drenthe, Drenthe, Netherlands

a hamlet in De Wolden, Drenthe, Netherlands


Verstegen

Contraction of van der Stegen; see ver-.


Verstraete

Contraction of van der Straete; see ver-.


Vermeersch

Contraction of van der Meersch; see ver-.


Verlinden

Contraction of van der Linden; see ver-.


Vermeiren

Contraction of van der Meiren; see ver-.


Verschuur

Contraction of van der Schuur; see ver-.


Verschuren

Contraction of van der Scuren; see ver-. Verschueren is a common variant.


Verschueren

Variant of Verschuren corresponding to a contraction of van der Schueren; see also ver-.


Verschoor

Contraction of van der Schoor; see ver-.


Zeldenrust

The name of the neighbourhood is a compound of zelden (“rarely”) and rust (“rest”).
The surname derives from either the same combination of zelden and rust, or from one of several toponyms.

a neighbourhood of Terneuzen, Zeeland, Netherlands


Zeelandbrug

a bridge over the Eastern Scheldt, connecting Schouwen-Duiveland and Noord-Beveland


Noord-Beveland

Compound of noord (“north-, northern”) and the toponym Beveland.

Meronyms: Campensnieuwland, Colijnsplaat, Geersdijk, Jacoba, Kamperland, Kats, Kortgene, Plankendorp, Stroodorp, Wissenkerke

a former island and municipality of Zeeland, Netherlands


Zuid-Beveland

A peninsula and former island in Zeeland, The Netherlands, to the east of Walcheren, to the south of Noord-Beveland and to the north of Zeelandic Flanders


Walcheren

First attested as walichrum around 790. From Old Dutch walacheri, a compound of *walc (“moist, humid”) + *heri (“sandy ridge”).

A peninsula and former island in Zeeland, The Netherlands, to the west of Zuid-Beveland, to the south of Noord-Beveland and to the north of Zeelandic Flanders


Messiasgeheim

From Messias + geheim, calque of German Messiasgeheimnis.

Messianic secret (motif of secrecy in the synoptic gospels)


Sloot

First attested as tot Leyssel op 't blockhuys in 1508. Derived from slot (“castle, fort”). The current toponym is the result of a reinterpretation as sloot (“ditch”).

a hamlet in Deurne, North Brabant, Netherlands


Marker Wadden

Literally, “tidal mudflats of Marken”. The islands are named for their location in the Markermeer. Despite the name, however, these islands are not in fact tidal mudflats (unlike the wadden after which the Waddenzee is named, for example).

an artificial wetland archipelago in lake Markermeer, located in the province Flevoland, The Netherlands


Joop

a male given name from Dutch, corresponding to Jakob and Johannes, also to Jozef in the South


Noordsvaarder

From noord + -s- + varen + -er. Compare noordvaarder.

a sand plain forming the western end of Terschelling, formerly a sandbar


Jan Boerenfluitjes

First attested in the early 20th century. The phrase op z'n boerenfluitjes may predate the personification Jan Boerenfluitjes.

Jan boerenfluitjes (alternative)
jan-boerenfluitjes (alternative)

(Netherlands) Personification of a slapdash, unprofessional person.


Goede Herder

From Middle Dutch [Term?]. After John 10.


Wilco

a diminutive of the male given name Willem, equivalent to English Will


Gemenebest van Virginia

From gemenebest (“commonwealth”) + van + Virginia (“Virginia”).

Commonwealth of Virginia
Commonwealth of Virginia

Commonwealth of Virginia (formal and full name of Virginia)


paard van Troje

Trojan horse (mythological wooden horse)


Zeelandia

From Zeeland + -ia.
The neighbourhood is named after a former plantation.


Van Ingen

English: Van Ingen

From van + Ingen. From the village of Ingen, Netherlands.

(anthroponymy) Van Ingen; a habitational surname


Ingen

Potentially attested as heingen in 1026, attested with certainty as de inghenhe in 1227. Etymology unclear. If the oldest attestation refers to the current village, the toponym might be derived from Proto-Germanic *hangim (“settlement on a hillside”). If this attestation does not refer to the current village, an etymological link to eng (“agricultural land belonging to a village”) is possible.

unk

unclear

cog

a village in Buren, Gelderland, Netherlands


Zierikzee

First attested as siricasha in 1156. Compound of Old Dutch Siric (a personal name) and ā (“body of water, river”) (from Proto-Germanic *ahwō). Compare Elkerzee.
See also Zealandic Zurrikzeê.

a city and former municipality of Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, Netherlands


Hardenne

Ardennen (alternative Ardennes)
Ardenne (alternative surname)
van Hardenne (alternative surname)
Van Hardenne (alternative surname)
van Ardenne (alternative surname)
Van Ardenne (alternative surname)

Forest of Ardennes
Forest of Ardennes#English

Ardennes (forest, geographic region and low mountain range in France, Belgium, Germany and Luxembourg; in full, Ardennes Forest, Ardenne Forest, or Forest of Ardennes)

Ardennes (a department of Grand Est, France)


OSF

Onafhankelijke SenaatsFractie
w:nl:Onafhankelijke SenaatsFractie

initialism of Onafhankelijke SenaatsFractie; a Dutch political alliance of local parties that only contest elections for the senate (Eerste Kamer) under this name


Roelof

From Middle Dutch Roelof, Roedolf, from Old Dutch *Ruotholf, from Proto-West Germanic *Hrōþiwulf, from Proto-Germanic *Hrōþiwulfaz.


Roeland

From Middle Dutch roelant, from Old Dutch *Ruothlant.


Rijk

The village that existed in the 19th and 20th centuries was named after the older drowned village that had existed near the location.

a former village in Noord-Holland, the Netherlands, demolished in 1959, located at what is now one of the runways of Schiphol

a drowned village in Noord-Holland, the Netherlands, destroyed by the Haarlemmermeer in the seventeenth century


Haarlemmermeer

Univerbation of Haarlemmer (“of or pertaining to Haarlem”) + meer (“lake”).

a former lake in North Holland, the Netherlands, located between Amsterdam, Leiden and Haarlem, drained between 1849 and 1852

Meronyms: Aalsmeerderbrug, Abbenes, Badhoevedorp, Beinsdorp, Boesingheliede, Buitenkaag, Burgerveen, Cruquius, Cruquius-Oost, De Hoek, Haarlemmerliede, Halfweg, Hoofddorp, Huigsloot, Leimuiderbrug, Lijnden, Lisserbroek, Nieuwebrug, Nieuwe Meer, Nieuw-Vennep, Oude Meer, Penningsveer, Rijsenhout, Rozenburg, Spaarndam-Oost, Spaarnwoude, 't Kabel, Vijfhuizen, Vinkebrug, Vredeburg, Weberbuurt, Weteringbrug, Zwaanshoek, Zwanenburg

a municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Vulgaat

Vulgate (Latin translation of the Bible by Jerome)


Nederduitsch

1856, H. Molema, Wat sijn germanismen?, in: De Nederlandsche Taal. Tijdschrift ter Bevordering van Nederlandsche Taalkunde. Eerste Jaargang, p. 31–35, here p. 31f.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

Tot het Nederduitsch behoort het Anglo-Saksisch, het Friesch en het eigenlijke Nederduitsch. Dit laatste splitst zich weder in Neder-Saksisch of Platduitsch, en Nederlandsch.

1878, C.-J. Hansen, Platduitsch en Nederlandsch of het Nederduitsch en de Dietsche Beweging (Met proefstukken):


Vlie

Perhaps related to Latin Flevo (whence Dutch Flevoland); it has been suggested that both names ultimately derive from the same root as the modern Dutch verb vloeien (“to flow”).

a seaway between Vlieland and Terschelling belonging to the province Frisia, the Netherlands, connecting the North Sea and the Wadden Sea


Griend

* (island) From griend (“waterside area overgrown with willows”).
* (neighbourhood) Derived from griend (“land next to water used to cultivate brushwood”).

an uninhabited sand flat in the Wadden Sea, Netherlands; once a larger island that was deserted in the eighteenth century

a neighbourhood of Lelystad, Flevoland, Netherlands


Ridderkerk

First attested as riderkerke in 1280-1287. Compound of the toponym Riede (likely derived from the dative singular form of Old Dutch riet (“reed”)) and Middle Dutch kerke (“church”). The first element was gradually reinterpreted to ridder (“knight”).

Meronyms: Bolnes, Oostendam, Oude-Molen, Rijsoord, Slikkerveer, Strevelshoek, Wevershoek, Zwaantje, Zwet

a town and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


Zoon des mensen

zoon des mensen (alternative)
Zoon des Mensen (alternative)
Zoon des menschen (alternative obsolete)


cultuurstelsel

→ Indonesian: cultuurstelsel

Compound of cultuur (“cultivation, culture”) + stelsel (“system”).

compound

(historical) a policy of allocating (nominally) 20% of agricultural land in the Dutch East Indies to export crops, imposed by the Dutch government as a type of lease, operating from 1830 until the 1870s for most products and until the early twentieth century for coffee; the system was widely abused leading to much higher land use for export crops


Wijk bij Duurstede

First attested as dorsteti nunc autem uuik nominata in 948. Derived from Old Dutch wīk (“special purpose settlement”) and the toponym Duurstede, a former castle named after the former trade settlement of Dorestad.

inh

Meronyms: Cothen, Den Oord, Dwarsdijk, Langbroek, Overlangbroek, Steenen Brug

a city and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Brittenburg

an unidentified ruined fortification near Katwijk mentioned in early modern sources, thought to be the remnants of a Roman castellum


Oversticht

(historical) the territory of Sticht that lay to the northeast of the IJssel, largely corresponding to modern-day Overijssel and Drenthe


Nedersticht

(historical) the territory of Sticht that lay to the southwest of Gelre, largely corresponding to modern-day Utrecht


Dyon

Modified from Dijon. The digraph is fairly rare among European languages, but it is common in Dutch, and in older Dutch spellings it is generally interchangeable with . Thus, some people may think is "too Dutch" for a foreign word, and that it therefore must be a misspelling for . Compare byou.

(hyperforeign) alternative form of Dijon


Vledderveen

* (Drenthe) First attested as Vledderveen in 1877. Compound of Vledder + veen. See also Dutch Low Saxon Vleddervene.
* (Groningen) First attested as Vledderveen in 1899. Compound of vledder + veen.

a village in Westerveld, Drenthe, Netherlands

a hamlet in Stadskanaal, Groningen, Netherlands


Vledder

First attested as vledder around 1313. Derived from dialectal vledder (“swampy peatland”). Compare Barnflair.

a village and former municipality of Westerveld, Drenthe, Netherlands


Rha

First attested as rathe in 996. Derived from Old Dutch rothe (“cleared land”). Compare Het Raan, Raar, Raren, Rhaan, Rhoon and Roden.

a hamlet in Bronckhorst, Gelderland, Netherlands


Kersteiland

From kerst + eiland, calque of English Christmas Island.

Christmas Island
Christmas Island#English:_Q31063

Christmas Island (an island and external territory of Australia, located on the Indian Ocean)


Ravenswoud

Officially named after a naming competition held in the 1930s. Blend of Ravensmeer (a former hydronym) + woud (“wood”).

blend

a village in Ooststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands


Specerij-eilanden

Compound of specerij (“spice”) + eiland (“island”).


Sahidisch

Ultimately from Arabic صَعِيدِي (ṣaʕīdī), probably via German or Latin.

der

Arabic صَعِيدِي (ṣaʕīdī)


dolkstootlegende

From dolkstoot + legende, calque of German Dolchstoßlegende.

stab-in-the-back myth
stab-in-the-back myth


Palts

Borrowed from German Pfalz, ultimately from Latin palātium.

(always with the definite article) the Palatinate, a region in Germany


Waterland

From Middle Dutch [Term?]. Equivalent to water + land.

a region in North Holland, encompassing the municipalities Waterland, Landsmeer and parts of Purmerend, Edam-Volendam and Amsterdam-Noord, to the east of Zaandam and mostly to the north of Amsterdam, bordering the IJsselmeer

Meronyms: Achterdichting, Broek in Waterland, Grotewerf, Havenbuurt, Het Schouw, Ilpendam, Katwoude, Kerkbuurt, Marken, Moeniswerf, Monnickendam, Overleek, Rozewerf, Uitdam, Watergang, Wittewerf, Zedde, Zuiderwoude

a municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Punda

Borrowed from Papiamentu Punda, derived from punda (“point”), a calque of punt (“point”).


Epifanie

Ultimately from Late Latin epiphanīa, from Ancient Greek ἐπιφάνεια (epipháneia).


Vliegende Hollander

(fiction) Flying Dutchman (ghost ship; sometimes the clipper's captain)


Otrabanda

Borrowed from Papiamentu Otrabanda, a compound of otro (“other”) + banda (“side”).


Freek

Afrikaans: Freek

a male given name; diminutive of Frederik


Ploegman

From ploegman (“plougher, one who operates a plough, farmer”).


Spaan

Probably a metonymic surname from the noun spaan (“chip, shaving”), as a similar surname is found as German Span.


Weert

* (Weert) First attested with certainty as werd in 1155. Perhaps derived from Old Dutch werde (“land next to water, riverine island”), although there are no large rivers near the city. See also Limburgish Wieërt.
* (Meerssen) First attested as werde in 1335. Derived from weerd (“land next to water, riverine island”).

inh

Meronyms: Altweerterheide, Boshoven, Breyvin, Crixhoek, De Berg, De Boberden, De Horst, Dijkerstraat, Hei, Houtbroek, Hushoven, Laar, Moesdijk, Rietbroek, Stramproy, Swartbroek, Tungelroy, Wisbroek

Weert (a city and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands)

a hamlet in Meerssen, Limburg, Netherlands


Vrijgraafschap

(historical) Franche-Comté, the county of Burgundy


Arabië

From Middle Dutch arabien, possibly from Old Dutch [Term?], from Latin Arabia.

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates

Arabia (a peninsula of Western Asia between the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf; includes Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, and the United Arab Emirates)

(broader sense) Arabia (the region of Western Asia within or adjacent to the Arabian Plate; Yemen, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, the Egyptian Sinai, Palestine and the United Arab Emirates)


Coenraad

a male given name from Proto-Germanic, equivalent to English Conrad


Aalsmeer

First attested as alsmaer in the 12th century. Compound of an unclear first element and Middle Dutch meere (“pool”) or mare (“watercourse”). The first element may be Middle Dutch Al (a personal name), als (“alder, Alnus sp.”) or Proto-Germanic *alha- (“moose, Alces alces”). The first element is not derived from alles (“all”) or aal (“eel, Anguilla anguilla”).

cog

Meronyms: Calslagen, Kudelstaart, Oosteinde, Vrouwentroost

Aalsmeer (a village and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands)


Alblasserdam

First attested as alblaser-damme in 1320. Univerbation of Alblasser (“of or pertaining to Alblas”) + dam (“dam”).

univerbation

Meronym: Kortland

Alblasserdam (a village and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands)


Albrandswaard

Named after the former fiefdom of Albrandswaard en Kijvelanden.

Meronyms: Poortugaal, Portland, Rhoon

Albrandswaard (a municipality of South Holland, Netherlands)


Alkmaar

From Middle Dutch Alcmāer, from Old Dutch Alkmare, Alcmare, Alcmere, Allecmere. Compound of an unclear first element and either Old Dutch mere (“lake”) or mare (“watercourse”). The first element has been variously linked to Old Dutch alk (“crow”) and *alke (“mud”). A derivation from Proto-Germanic *alha (“temple”) or *alha (“moose”) is unlikely. Compare Alkemade.

Meronyms: De Rijp, Driehuizen, Graft, Grootschermer, Koedijk, Kogerpolder, Markenbinnen, Noordeinde, Omval, Oost-Graftdijk, Oterleek, Oudorp, Schermerhorn, Starnmeer, Stompetoren, Ursem, West-Graftdijk, Zuidschermer

Alkmaar (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands)


Almelo

First attested as almelo in 1157. Likely a compound of Proto-Germanic *alma- (“elm, Ulmus sp.”) and lo (“light forest”).

inh

Meronyms: Aadorp, Bavinkel, Bornerbroek, Tusveld

Almelo (a city and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands)


Alphen

* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as alfheim in 719. Compound of an unclear first element and heem (“home, settlement”). The first element has been variously interpreted as Middle Dutch alf (“gnome, evil spirit, elf”) and Old Dutch Alf (a personal name).
* (Gelderland and Zuid-Holland) See respectively Alphen aan de Maas and Alphen aan den Rijn.
* (Former municipality) Named after Alphen aan den Rijn.

a village in Alphen-Chaam, North Brabant, Netherlands

any of multiple towns and/or municipalities in the Netherlands:

Alphen aan den Rijn, a city and municipality in Zuid-Holland

Alphen aan de Maas, a village in Gelderland

Alphen-Chaam, a municipality in Noord-Brabant

a former municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


Alphen aan den Rijn

First attested as Albanianis around 300. Potentially derived from the hypothetical hydronym *Albhano-, derived in turn from Proto-Indo-European *alb- (“white, pale”). Compare the hydronym Elbe.

cog

Meronyms: Aarlanderveen, Bent, Benthorn, Benthuizen, Boskoop, De Roemer, Draaibrug, Gnephoek, Gouwsluis, Groenendijk, Hazerswoude-Dorp, Hazerswoude-Rijndijk, Heimansbuurt, Hogeveen, Hoorn, Koudekerk aan den Rijn, Laag Boskoop, Loete, Ridderbuurt, Rietveld, 's-Molenaarsbuurt, Spoelwijk, Voorweg, Westeinde, Zwammerdam

Alphen aan den Rijn
Alphen aan den Rijn#English

Alphen aan den Rijn (a city and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands) without city rights


Alphen-Chaam

Meronyms: Alphen, Alphen-Oosterwijk, Balleman, Boshoven, Boslust, Chaam, Couwelaar, Chaamdijk, Dassemus, Druisdijk, Galder, Geersbroek, Ginderdoor, Grazen, Heerstaaien, Heikant, Het Sas, Hondseind, Houtgoor, Kalishoek, Kerzel, Klooster, Kwaalburg, Leg, Looneind, Meijsberg, Notsel, Rakens, Snijders-Chaam, Strijbeek, Terover, 't Zand, Venweg

Alphen-Chaam (a municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Amstelveen

First attested as amestelrevene in 1308. From Amstel (“Amstel”, a river) + veen (“peat bog, marsh”).

compound

Meronyms: Bovenkerk, Nes aan de Amstel, De Zwarte Kat

Amstelveen (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands) without city rights


Appingedam

/ˌɑ.pɪ.ŋəˈdɑm/

From Middle Dutch Appengadomme, Appengadamme, a compound of the hydronym Appa (derived from Old Dutch *apa (“river, stream”)) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing- and dam (“dam”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon n Daam, Appengedaam.

Appingedam (a city and former municipality of Eemsdelta, Groningen, Netherlands)


Vietnamoorlog

From Vietnam + oorlog, calque of English Vietnam War.


Bijlmermeer

→ Sranan Tongo: Bimre

From Bijlmer (“a former village”) + meer (“lake”). The toponym Bijlmer derives from a contraction of Old Dutch bindel (“connection, link”) and mere (“lake”). The meaning of the toponym was gradually forgotten, and the element meer was appended as a result.

Bijlmermeer (a neighborhood and former municipality of Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands)


Congres

(generally with the definite article) Congress, the United States Congress


Beeldenstorm

(historical) Great Iconoclasm (wave of iconoclasm during the 1560s)


Russenoorlog

Compound of Rus (“Russian”) + -en- + oorlog (“war”).

the Georgian uprising on Texel at the end of the Second World War


UvA

Universiteit van Amsterdam
w:University of Amsterdam

initialism of Universiteit van Amsterdam


Tempelberg

Temple Mount (hill and former acropolis in Jerusalem, site of the historical First and Second Temples and of the Dome of the Rock)


Witte Donderdag

→ Indonesian: Kamis Putih


Staatsbewind

Compound of staat (“state”) + -s- (“regime, government”) + bewind.

(historical) the executive of the Batavian Republic from 1801 to 1805


Bataafs Gemenebest

Bataafsch Gemenebest (alternative obsolete)
Bataafsche Gemenebest (alternative obsolete uncommon)
Bataafse Gemenebest (alternative)

(historical) the official name of the Batavian Republic from 1801 to 1806


Bataafse Republiek

Bataafs Republiek (canonical feminine)
Bataafsche Republiek (alternative obsolete)

Literally, “Batavian Republic”. Named after the Batavi, based on the origin myth that they were the ancient ancestors of the Dutch.

(historical) Batavian Republic, a republic more or less at the location of the modern-day Netherlands, existing from 1795 until 1806


Tietjerk

First attested as thiatzerckera in 1392. Borrowed from West Frisian Tytsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Tije (a personal name) and tzercka (“church”).

a village in Tytsjerksteradiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Lelijkstad

Alteration of Lelystad by replacing Lely- with lelijk (“ugly”), therefore equivalent to lelijk + stad. Lelystad is a planned city founded in 1967 and was thus built chiefly in the styles of the 1960s and 70s (e.g. brutalism), which tend to be counted among the less favoured decades in modern architecture.

(informal, derogatory) A nickname for Lelystad.


turbotaal

Compound of turbo + taal. Probably coined by Jan Kuitenbrouwer for his book Turbo-taal.

a Dutch slang that extensively uses clippings, especially from the end of a word, the suffixes -o and -i, and loans from English


Malden

First attested as de maldene in 1247. Probably derived from Proto-Germanic *maþla- (“gathering, gathering place”) with metathesis. Compare Old Saxon mathal (“popular gathering, moot”), Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌻 (maþl, “marketplace, market”) and Old High German mahal (“popular gathering, moot”).

cog

a village in Heumen, Gelderland, Netherlands


Spreuken

From the plural of spreuk (“proverb, saying”).


Warga

Potentially attested as wartengahe in 944, attested with certainty as werraga in 1441. Borrowed from West Frisian Wergea, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Warte (a personal name) and ga (“village, village area”). Compare Warten.

a village in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Paaseiland

→ English: Easter Island (calque)

Compound of Pasen (“Easter”) + eiland (“island”). Coined by Jacob Roggeveen, who encountered it on Easter Sunday 1722, in the spelling Paasch-Eyland.


Paasopstand

Compound of Pasen (“Easter”) + opstand (“revolt, uprising”), calque of English Easter Rising.


Palmpasen

Compound of palm (“palm”) + Pasen (“Easter”).


Boskoop

First attested as buckescop in 1222. Compound of Middle Dutch Bucke (a personal name) or Bocke and cope (“land purchase, concession”).
Compare Benschop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.

a village and former municipality of Alphen aan den Rijn, South Holland, Netherlands


Talmoed

bor

Hebrew תַּלְמוּד


Stateneiland

→ English: Staten Island

→ Spanish: Isla de los Estados (calque)

Compound of Staten (“States, parliament”) + eiland (“island”).


Heleen

Ultimately from Latin Helena, from Ancient Greek Ἑλένη (Helénē).

a female given name, a nativised variant of Helena (=Helen)


Gelderen

Gelre (alternative obsolete)
Gelder (alternative obsolete)

Geldern, Guelder (city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany)

alternative form of Gelre (“Guelders; historical duchy in the Low Countries”)


Woldberg

Probably borrowed from Low German [Term?]. Equivalent to woud (“forest, woods”) + berg (“mountain”).

com

a hill formed by push moraines in north-eastern Gelderland, near Epe and Wezep

a small hill in northern Overijssel, near Steenwijk


Boreaal

Ultimately from Danish boreal, coined by Axel Gudbrand Blytt, ultimately from Latin boreālis.

Boreal (first Blytt-Sernander stage of the Holocene)


Pieternella

Variant of Petronella, analogous to Pieter.


Pieternel

a female given name, alternative form of Pieternella


Smeerenburg

Compound of smeer (“blubber”) + -en- + burg (“burg(h), -ville”).

compound

a former whaling outpost, built in the 17th century by the Dutch on Amsterdam Island in northwest Spitsbergen, Norway


Jan Salie

Coined by Everhardus Johannes Potgieter. From salie.

Negative personification of the supposedly unenterprising, unpatriotic (insufficiently chauvinist and colonialist), conservative 19th century Dutch mentality.


Dit

a diminutive of the female given name Dirkje


Ingoesjetië

Ingushetia (a republic and federal subject of Russia, in the Caucasus)


Afsluitdijk

the dike separating the IJsselmeer (which was the Zuiderzee before its construction) from the Waddenzee, connecting Wieringen, North Holland, and Frisia


Hadewijch

From Middle Dutch Hadewijch, from Old Dutch *Hathuwīh. Cognate with German Hedwig.


Galaten

(Christianity) Galatians (epistle in the New Testament)


Noordwestblok

From noordwest + blok, calque of German Nordwestblock.

North-West Block (hypothetical prehistoric cultural region in present-day Belgium, the Netherlands, northern France and north-west Germany)


Prins

From prins, usually arising from nicknames after locations or attributes.


eurocrisis

Likely borrowed. Equivalent to euro + crisis or euro- + crisis.

Eurocrisis (Eurozone crisis in the wake of the Great Recession)


Haarlems

Haarlemsch (alternative)
Haerlemsch (alternative)
Haerlems (alternative)


Oost-Duitsland

East Germany
East Germany#English:_Q16957

(historical, 1949–1990) East Germany (a former Communist country of Central Europe, existing between 1949 and 1990)

East Germany
East Germany#English:_Q919721

(since 1990) East Germany (a geographic region of Germany, consisting of the states formerly part of the Cold War-era East Germany, also known as Eastern Germany)


West-Duitsland

West Germany
West Germany#English:_Q713750

German Democratic Republic
German Democratic Republic

(historical, 1949–1990) West Germany (a former country in Central Europe, distinguished from the German Democratic Republic, commonly known as East Germany)

West Germany
West Germany#English:_Q181576

(since 1990) West Germany (a geographic region of Germany, consisting of the states formerly part of the Cold War-era West Germany, also known as Western Germany)


Kaïn

From Middle Dutch cain, from Latin Cain, from Ancient Greek Κάϊν (Káïn), from Biblical Hebrew קַיִן.


Vercauteren

Contraction of van der Cauteren, from kouter; see also ver-.


Verhofstadt

Contraction of van der Hofstadt, see ver-.


Beerenberg

Compound of beer (“bear”) + -en- + berg (“mountain”).


Olijfberg

Negerhollands: olief berg

From olijf + berg, calque of Latin Mōns Olīvēti, from Ancient Greek Ὄρος τῶν Ἐλαιῶν (Óros tôn Elaiôn), from Biblical Hebrew הַר הַזֵּיתִים.

der

Ὄρος τῶν Ἐλαιῶν

הַר הַזֵּיתִים


Zebulon

Ultimately from Latin Zabulon, from Ancient Greek Ζαβουλών (Zaboulṓn), from Biblical Hebrew זְבוּלוּן (z'vulún).


Naftali

Ultimately from Biblical Hebrew נַפְתָּלִי (naftalí).


Moresnet

a village in the eastern part of the province of Liège, Belgium

Neutraal Moresnet
Neutraal Moresnet#Dutch


Santen

From Middle Dutch Santen, perhaps from a local variety of mediaeval Franconian, ultimately from Latin sanctōs.

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia

Xanten, a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, near the Rhine


nieuwe zakelijkheid

Nieuwe Zakelijkheid
Nieuwe Zakelijkheid#Dutch

alternative letter-case form of Nieuwe Zakelijkheid


Oerle

* (Veldhoven) First attested as oerle in 1249. Compound of Old Dutch or (“sand mixed with gravel”) and lo (“light forest”). Compare Oirschot and Olen.
* (Tilburg) First attested as een stede gheheyten oerle in 1418. Compound of Old Dutch or (“sand mixed with gravel”) and lo (“light forest”). Compare Oirschot and Olen.

a village and former municipality of Veldhoven, North Brabant, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Tilburg, North Brabant, Netherlands


Bettenhoven

biet (“beet”) + hoven, plural of hof (“farm”), corresponding to German Beethoven.


Nodevoorde

Contains the toponymic element voorde (“ford”); compare the French name Noduwez, which contains a by-form of gué (“ford”).


Oorbeek

Oorbeek, a village in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant

Orbais, a village in the Belgian province of Walloon Brabant


Opgeldenaken

Jodoigne-Souveraine, a village in Belgium


Neerbeek

* (Limburg) First attested as nederbeke in 1225. Compound of neder (“lower”) and beek (“brook, stream”). So named to distinguish the settlement from Beek. See also Limburgish Nirbik.


Bevekom

Derived from Old Dutch Babo (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing- and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Deurne

* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as durninum in 721. Derived from Proto-Germanic *þurnu- (“thorn, thorn bush”).

inh

Meronyms: Baarschot, Belgeren, Bleijs, Breemortel, Derp, De Voorstad, Donschot, Groote Bottel, Groot Bruggen, Haageind, Halte, Hanenberg, Heieind, Heimolen, Heitrak, Helenaveen, Kerkeind, Klein Bruggen, Kleine Bottel, Kranenmortel, Kulert, Leensel, Liessel, Merlenberg, Molenhof, Neerkant, Pannenschop, Ruth, Schans, Schelm, Sloot, Veldheuvel, Vlierden, Vloeieind, Voorste Beersdonk, Voort, Vreewijk, Walsberg, Zand

a town and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands

Deurne, a district of the city of Antwerp, Belgium

Tourinnes-la-Grosse, a village in Belgium


Waver

The hamlet in the Netherlands is first attested as wauere in 1217. The toponym is derived from the name of a forest, which derives in turn from a term cognate to German wabern (“undulate, waft”) and English waver. Compare Weiver, Waver, Waverley, Waverton and Wavertree.

a hamlet in Ouder-Amstel, North Holland, Netherlands


Doornik

(Lingewaard) First attested as apud tornacum towards the end of the 11th century. Etymology uncertain. Potentially a relic from a pre-Germanic substrate language. It is unlikely that the toponym is derived from Doornik in Belgium or from a Celtic word with an -acum suffix. Compare Indoornik.

a hamlet in Lingewaard, Gelderland, Netherlands


Danswijk

* (neighbourhood) Compound of dans (“dance”) and wijk (“neighbourhood, quarter”). The neighbourhood's streets are named after various ballet dancers.

(historical, dated) Gdańsk, a city in Poland

a neighbourhood of Almere, Flevoland, Netherlands


Orde Baru

Borrowed from Indonesian Orde Baru (“New Order”).

(historical) New Order, the political regime in Indonesia under Suharto


Birmees

Burmese, the Burmese language spoken in Myanmar


urnenveldencultuur

From urnenveld + -en- + cultuur, probably a calque of German Urnenfelderkultur.


Noach

(chiefly Protestantism) Noah (mythological Biblical figure)


Noë

From Middle Dutch noe, from Latin Nōē, from Ancient Greek Νῶε (Nôe), from Biblical Hebrew נֹחַ.

(chiefly Roman Catholicism) Noah (mythological Biblical figure)


Caïro

From Italian Il Cairo, from Arabic اَلْقَاهِرَة (al-qāhira).

der

اَلْقَاهِرَة


Orde Lama

Borrowed from Indonesian Orde Lama (“Old Order”).

(historical, Indonesian politics) the political order in Indonesia under Sukarno


Atjeh

Aceh (province of Indonesia; former sultanate)


Vilvoorde

Contains the toponymic element voorde (“ford”).

Meronym: Peutie

Vilvoorde (a city in Flemish Brabant, Flanders, Belgium)


Tienen

Meronyms: Bost, Goetsenhoven, Hakendover, Kumtich, Oorbeek, Oplinter, Sint-Margriete-Houtem, Vissenaken

Tienen (a city in Flemish Brabant, Belgium)


Zoutleeuw

Meronyms: Budingen, Dormaal, Halle-Booienhoven, Helen-Bos

a city and municipality of Flemish Brabant, Belgium


Deinze

From "donsa" (probably old Dutch for 'moss').

Meronyms: Astene, Bachte-Maria-Leerne, Gottem, Grammene, Hansbeke, Landegem, Meigem, Merendree, Nevele, Petegem-aan-de-Leie, Poesele, Sint-Martens-Leerne, Vinkt, Vosselare, Wontergem, Zeveren


Dendermonde

Meronyms: Appels, Baasrode, Grembergen, Mespelare, Oudegem, Schoonaarde, Sint-Gillis-bij-Dendermonde


Geel

The name is from the same source as the adjective geel (“yellow”) and dates back to the middle ages. Formerly spelled Gheel.

Meronyms: Bel, Elsum, Holven, Kievermont, Larum, Oosterlo, Punt, Stelen, Ten Aard, Winkelom, Winkelomheide, Zammel


Herentals

From Middle Dutch Herenthals, from earlier Hernehals or Hernehalt, a compound of hērn (“hornbeam”) + hals (“narrow pass”).

com

Meronyms: Morkhoven, Noorderwijk


Hoogstraten

Meronyms: Meer, Meerle, Minderhout, Wortel

a city and municipality of Antwerp, Belgium


Mortsel

Meronym: Luithagen


Beringen

Meronyms: Beverlo, Koersel, Paal

a municipality of Schaffhausen canton, Switzerland


Mandarijn

mandarijn

Short for mandarijntaal (from mandarijn (“mandarin”) + taal (“language”)), that is, the language spoken by mandarins. Spelled with a majuscule because this came to be considered a proper noun, being the name of a language.


Doornroosje

From doorn (“thorn”) + roosje (“little rose”), calque of German Dornröschen. The anomalous stress follows the German.


West-Azië

Holonym: Azië

West Asia (the westernmost geographic region of Asia, which includes Anatolia, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, the Levant, Mesopotamia, the Sinai Peninsula, and Transcaucasia)


KNIL

Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger#Dutch

abbreviation of Koninklijk Nederlands Indisch Leger


Heilige Land

Probably a calque of Latin Terra Sancta.
The neighbourhood was mostly constructed by a Roman Catholic building corporation; its streets are named after Catholic institutions and figures from the history of Delft, which in turn led to the area receiving its current name.

(Christianity) Holy Land (Palestine, Israel)

a neighbourhood of Delft, South Holland, Netherlands


Dun

Potentially attested as dun in 1233, attested with certainty as de dunne in 1452. Etymology unknown. Not derived from duin (“dune”).

unk

unknown

a hamlet in Hilvarenbeek, North Brabant, Netherlands


Pijnacker

First attested as pinacker in 1222. Compound of Middle Dutch pine (“punishment, hard labour”) and acker (“farmland”).

inh

a village and former municipality of Pijnacker-Nootdorp, South Holland, Netherlands


Weimarrepubliek

Compound of Weimar + republiek, probably following English or German usage.


Caprivistrook

From Caprivi + strook, calque of German Caprivizipfel. Named after Leo von Caprivi.


Gazastrook

Gaza Strip (a region in Palestine between Egypt and Israel)


Boeddha

Ultimately from Pali Buddha, from Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddha).


Vrijheidsbeeld

From vrijheid + -s- + beeld, probably a calque of French statue de la Liberté, as the oldest cites describe parts of the statue that were present in France, but it could also be calque of English Statue of Liberty.


Hil

First attested as op de Hil in 1845. Derived from dialectal hil (“hill, elevated place”).

a neighbourhood of Loon op Zand, North Brabant, Netherlands


Oostfries

the East Frisian language (Frisian language)


Kabouter Buttplug

Literally, “Buttplug Gnome”, or more loosely translated as “Brownie Buttplug”. Named for the resemblance that the statue's Christmas tree bears to the sex toy; the creator has since revealed that the likeness is intentional. It is a common trope in Dutch-language fiction to give kabouters names beginning with kabouter.

lit

nickname for Santa Claus, a sculpture by Paul McCarthy


Katwijk

* (Zuid-Holland) Named after Katwijk aan den Rijn and Katwijk aan Zee.
* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as Catwyck in 1530. Derived from the difficult to interpret toponymic element kat (“cat, ridge, mud, lesser”) and wijk (“village, settlement”).

Katwiek (alternative)
Kattik (alternative)

Meronyms: De Pan, Katwijk aan den Rijn, Katwijk aan Zee, Rijnsburg, Valkenburg

a municipality of South Holland, Netherlands

a village in Land van Cuijk, North Brabant, Netherlands


Veerse Gat

a former sea channel to the north of Walcheren and Zuid-Beveland and to the south of Noord-Beveland; now the Veerse Meer


Veerse Meer

an artificial brackish lake to the north of Walcheren and Zuid-Beveland and to the south of Noord-Beveland; formed by damming the Veerse Gat


Veere

First attested as ter veren, toter vere (both meaning "at the ferry") and voer de vere ("in front of the ferry") around 1305. Derived from (the dative singular of) Middle Dutch vere (“ferry, crossing”) (modern veer, archaic dative vere).
See also Zealandic Ter Veere.

Meronyms: Aagtekerke, Biggekerke, Boudewijnskerke, Buttinge, Dishoek, Domburg, Gapinge, Geldtienden, Grijpskerke, Groot-Valkenisse, Hoogelande, Klein-Valkenisse, Koudekerke, Krommenhoeke, Mariekerke, Meliskerke, Molembaix, Molenperk, Oostkapelle, Pitteperk, Poppendamme, Serooskerke, Sint Janskerke, Sint Jan ten Heere, Snabbeldorp, Vrouwenpolder, Werendijke, Westhoek, Westkapelle, Zoutelande

a city and municipality of Zeeland, Netherlands


Soenda

Borrowed from a Malayo-Polynesian language, likely Malay, Sundanese or Javanese.

Sunda (region and historic kingdom in West Java)


Soendaland

→ English: Sundaland

Compound of Soenda + land. Apparently coined by Gustaaf Adolf Frederik Molengraaff in 1919.

(archaic) Sunda (region and historic kingdom in West Java)


Lage Landen

Low Countries
Low Countries#English:_Q476033

Low Countries (a historical region of Western Europe, consisting of the countries on low-lying land around the delta of the Rhine, Scheldt, and Meuse (Maas) rivers, specifically Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg)


Honoloeloe

Likely borrowed from English Honolulu, from Hawaiian Honolulu.


Samenland

Compound of Same (“Sami”) + -n- + land (“country”).


Chaldeeuws

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Χᾰλδαῖος (Khăldaîos).


Pancras

Named after Saint Pancras, the patron saint of the main church of the neighbourhood.

a neighbourhood of Leiden, South Holland, Netherlands


takitaki

Pseudo-loan from Sranan Tongo, possibly from English talkee-talkee (“creole language, especially in the Guianas”), influenced by Sranan Tongo takitaki (“to jabber, to chatter”). Not attested as an endonym.

der

taki-taki (alternative)
takie-takie (alternative)

Alleen de allerlaagste volksklasse bedient zich van een taal, samengesteld uit een mengelmoes van verschillende talen[,] Neger-Engelsch of taki-taki geheeten, welke taal ook gebezigd wordt bij de bestuurs-aanraking met boschnegers en Indianen. In de stad raken echter vele Neger-Engelsche uitdrukkingen geleidelijk vergeten en worden meer en meer vervangen door Nederlandsche. Te verwachten valt dan ook dat reeds in een zeer nabije toekomst van het taki-taki niet veel meer zal zijn overgebleven, althans in de stad zal zulks het geval zijn.

1931 January 3, [J.H. Heslinga], “Uit onze West. Nederlandsch in Suriname. [From our West-Indies. The Dutch language in Suriname.]”, in De Maasbode, page 10:

Only the very lowest classes of the population use a language made up of a mishmash of different languages, called Negro English or takitaki, which is also used in administrative contacts with Bush Negroes and Indians. In the city, however, many Negro English expressions are gradually being forgotten and increasingly replaced by Dutch ones. It is therefore to be expected that in the very near future not much of takitaki will remain; at least in the city, this will be the case.

Van dat neger-engels – door de Amerikanen takie-takie geheten en door de Surinamers vaak Srnan-tongo^([sic]) (Surinaamse taal) genoemd – bestaan hedentendage twee schakeringen: het stads-neger-engels (Paramaribo) en het distrikt-neger-engels.

1951, Willem Pée, Wytze Hellinga, Antoon Donicie, “Het Neger-Engels van Suriname [The Negro English of Suriname]”, in Taal en Tongval, →ISSN, page 131:

Two versions of this Negro English – called takitaki by the Americans and often called Sranan Tongo (Surinamese language) by the Surinamese – exist today: City Negro English (Paramaribo) and District Negro English.

Het Sranan of Sranantongo – een betere naam dan takitaki zoals het nooit door de bevolking zelf is genoemd (omdat deze term ‘gepraat’ of ‘geklets’ betekent) en een juistere naam ook dan Negerengels (omdat de wezenlijkste bestanddelen ervan niet Engels, maar Zuidwest-Soedanees zijn, terwijl de taal zeker door evenveel niet-negers als door negers gesproken wordt) – het Sranan dan, is een geestige, schilderachtige, muzikale, maar... een tamelijk woordarme verkeerstaal.

1994, Albert Helman, Adyosi / Afscheid, Nijmegen: Instituut ter Bevordering van de Surinamistiek, pages 8-9:

Sranan or Sranan Tongo – a better name than takitaki as it was never called by the population itself (because this term means ‘idle talk’ or ‘chatter’) and a more correct name too than Negro English (because its most essential constituents are not English but Southwestern Sudanese, while the language is certainly spoken by as many non-Negroes as Negroes) – Sranan then, is a witty, quaint, musical, but a rather word-deficient contact language.

(chiefly Netherlands, dated, derogatory, offensive) Sranan Tongo (an English-based creole language and lingua franca in Suriname)


Verstappen

English: Verstappen

French: Verstappen

German: Verstappen

A contraction of the surname van der Stappen; see ver-. Unrelated to the verb verstappen (“to misstep”).

Stappen (alternative)
Vanstappen (alternative)
Vanderstappen (alternative)
van der Stappen (alternative)
van Stappen (alternative)


coronacrisis

2020 March 15, Ties Cleven, “Brabantse burgemeesters houden spoedoverleg over coronacrisis”, in Brabants Dagblad:

De coronacrisis roept elke dag nieuwe vragen op.

2020 March 17, Lieve Van Bastelaere, “Mogen we nog op familiebezoek en kan de poetsvrouw nog komen? 26 vragen beantwoord over ons dagelijks leven in de coronacrisis”, in Het Laatste Nieuws:

In veel gevallen is het leerbedrijf door de coronacrisis gesloten, waardoor het al onmogelijk is geworden met de stage door te gaan.

2020 March 17, Hanneke Keultjes, “Mbo’ers mogen tijdens coronacrisis stoppen met hun stage”, in Algemeen Dagblad:

‘Ook in de sectoren buiten de directe economie gaat het echt verschrikkelijk”, zegt de minister na afloop van het crisisberaad van het kabinet over de coronacrisis.

2021 January 12, “Wiebes: buikpijn van coronacrisis en steunpakketten”, in Nederlands Dagblad:

the global health crisis and societal and economic crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic of 2020 (pathogen SARS-CoV-2, disease COVID-19)


Schokland

a village, former island, and former municipality of Noordoostpolder, Flevoland, Netherlands


Hilversum

First attested as hilfercem in 1305. Compound of Middle Dutch Hilfert (a personal name) and heem (“home, settlement”).

Meronyms: Egelshoek, Hilversumse Meent

Hilversum (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands)

(figuratively, metonymic) the national broadcasting sector of the Netherlands


Warder

First attested as werthere and warthere in 1130-1161. Derived from Old Dutch werther (“island, riverside land”). Compare Waarder.

inh

a village and former municipality of Edam-Volendam, North Holland, Netherlands


Wassenaar

First attested as wasnare in 1200. Compound of the dative plural of Old Dutch *was (“sharp”) and *hara (“sandy ridge”).

Meronyms: Den Deijl, Maaldrift, Rijksdorp

a village and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands, located between The Hague and Leiden


Sjaan

Pet form of Johanna, perhaps via French Jeanne.


Hoek

* (Zeeland) Attested as den Houck in 1664. Derived from hoek (“corner, bend”). Named for its location near an intersection of three levees. See also Zealandic D'n Noek, Denoek, D'oek.
* (Friesland) First attested as dien hoeck in 1426. Calque of West Frisian De Hoek, derived in turn from Old Frisian hoeke (“corner, bend”).
* (Gelderland) Derived from hoek (“protruding piece of land, bend”). Located next to a bend in the levee between Deest and Winssen.
* (Limburg) First attested as den Hoeck in 1838-1857. Derived from hoek (“isolated place”). See also Limburgish Hook.
* (Meierijstad) Derived from hoek (“isolated place”).
* (Sint-Michielsgestel) Derived from hoek (“isolated place”).
* (Valkenswaard) Attested as De Hoek in 1838-1857. Derived from hoek (“isolated place”).
* (Bergeijk) Attested as De Hoek in 1838-1857. Derived from hoek (“isolated place”).
The surname is derived from one of the senses of hoek or one of several toponyms.

a village and former municipality of Terneuzen, Zeeland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Beuningen, Gelderland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Leudal, Limburg, Netherlands

a hamlet in Meierijstad, North Brabant, Netherlands

a hamlet in Sint-Michielsgestel, North Brabant, Netherlands

a hamlet in Valkenswaard, North Brabant, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Bergeijk, North Brabant, Netherlands


Remmerswaal

In reference to Reimerswaal, a drowned town on Zuid-Beveland, Zeeland.


van der Zwan

Literally, “of the swan”, with shortened vowel. Note that the name is according to historical norms ungrammatical; zwaan is a masculine noun.


Smid

a surname originating as an occupation, equivalent to Smith in English


Cornelissen

Cornelisz (alternative)
Cornelisse (alternative)


Brittannië

(loosely) Britain (the United Kingdom, a kingdom and country in Northern Europe including the island of Great Britain as well as Northern Ireland on the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland)

Britain (great Britain, a large island (sometimes also including some of the surrounding smaller islands) off the north-west coast of Western Europe, made up of England, Scotland, and Wales; especially (but not exclusively) during antiquity)


Oldenzaal

First attested as aldenselen in 893. Compound of Old Dutch ald (“old”) and a variant of sale (“hall house”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Oldnzel.

Oldenzaal (a Hanseatic city and municipality in Overijssel province, Netherlands)


Helmond

First attested as helmund in 1108. Etymology unknown. Proposed etymologies include a compound of dialectal hel (“low-lying”) and Old Dutch munte (“hill, place of refuge during flooding”) and a compound of the unattested hydronym Hel and mond (“mouth”).

unk

unknown

cog

Meronyms: Berenbroek, Brouwhuis, Croy, De Weijer, Diepenbroek, Geeneind, Kloostereind, Kranenbroek, Kruisschot, Medevoort, Mierlo-Hout, Overbrug, Rijpelberg, Scheepstal, Stipdonk

Helmond (a city and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Roermond

First attested as de Ruremunde in the mid-12th century. Compound of the hydronym Roer (derived from either a Germanic root cognate with Old Saxon hrôra (“movement”), Old English hrôr (“motile, lively”) and modern Dutch roeren (“stir”) or from Proto-Indo-European *reu- (“dig”) with suffixed -r) and mond (“mouth”). The interpretation of mond as a derivation from Old Dutch munte (“mountain, refuge hill”) (cf. Urmond) is incorrect.
See also Limburgish Remunj.

inh

Meronyms: Aan de Rijksweg, Asenray, Asselt, Boukoul, De Weerd, Einde, Heide, Herten, Leeuwen, Maalbroek, Maasniel, Merum, Ool, Spik, Straat, Swalmen, Thuserhof, Wieler

Roermond (a city and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands)


Sittard

First attested as Sithert between 1135 and 1180. Etymology uncertain. Proposed etymologies include a derivation from Old High German sîte (“mountainside”), Latin secretarium (“section of forest intended for logging”) or sectura (“common land”). Compare Zijtaart, Zittard and Zittert.
See also Limburgish Zitterd.

der

a city and former municipality of Sittard-Geleen, Limburg, Netherlands


Spanbroek

First attested as spanbroech in 1290. Likely a compound of Middle Dutch span (“foot bridge, narrow, elongated strip of land”) and bruec (“marsh, marshland”).

inh

a village and former municipality of Opmeer, North Holland, Netherlands


Sittard-Geleen

Meronyms: Abshoven, Born, Broeksittard, Buchten, Daniken, Einighausen, Geleen, Graetheide, Grevenbicht, Guttecoven, Harrecoven, Holtum, Limbricht, Munstergeleen, Obbicht, Papenhoven, Rosengarten, Schipperskerk, Sittard, Windraak


Venlo

First attested as uennelon around 1100. Possibly a compound of ven (“small pool in a forest or heath”) and lo (“light forest”). Alternatively a compound of veen (“bog, marsh”) and lo (“pool”).

Meronyms: Arcen, Belfeld, Blerick, Boekend, Bolenberg, Bong, Brandemolen, De Krosselt, De Voort, Egypte, Geloo, Hanik, Hasselderheide, Hasselt, Het Vorst, Hout-Blerick, Leemhorst, Lingsfort, Lomm, Schandelo, Steyl, Tegelen, 't Ven, Veld, Velden, Vilgert, Wielder

Venlo (a city and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands)


Waalwijk

/ˈʋaːlˌʋɛi̯k/

First attested as walwic in 1200. Compound of either waal (“kolk lake”) or Proto-Germanic *walha (“Romanophone”) and wijk (“village, settlement”). Compare Vijlen, Waalbroek, Wahlwiller, Walem and Walik.

Meronyms: Baardwijk, Besoijen, Oosteind, Sprang-Capelle, Sprangsevaart, Vrijhoeve-Capelle, Waspik, Waspik-Zuid

Waalwijk (a city and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Roosendaal

First attested as in loco dicto rosendale in 1268. Compound of roos (“rose, Rosa sp.”) and a stretched variant of dal (“dale, valley”). The toponym is part of a family of names that became fashionable at the end of the 12th century.

Meronyms: Akker, Boeiink, Borteldonk, Brembosch, Bulkenaar, De Rotting, Everland, Haiink, Hazelaar, Heerle, Heijbeek, Hoevestein, Hollandsdiep, Hulsdonk, Kruisstraat, Moerstraten, Nieuwenberg, Nispen, Oostlaar, Plantage Centrum, Vijfhoek, Vinkenbroek, Visdonk, Vleet, Vroenhout, Wouw, Wouwse Hil, Wouwse Plantage, Zoomvliet

Roosendaal (a city and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Heusden

* (Heusden) First attested as husedinne in 1286. The toponym has been interpreted as Proto-Germanic *husid-inja- (“place of refuge, secure location”), in turn derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to hide, to occlude”) and related to Gothic 𐌷𐌿𐌶𐌳 (huzd, “treasure, hoard”), Old English hord (“hoard, treasure”) and Old Saxon hord (“hidden courtyard, treasure”). Alternative interpretations include Proto-Celtic *Kusidiniom (literally “settlement of Kusidinios”) and Proto-Germanic *hus-idh-umnjô- (“place of houses”). Compare Huizinge, Huisduinen and Opheusden.
* (Asten) First attested as Heusden in 1794. Etymology unknown. It is impossible to determine whether the toponym is related to that of the city of Heusden due to a paucity of old attestations.

inh

Héúsde (alternative)
Heuze (alternative)

Meronyms: De Hoeven, Doeveren, Drunen, Elshout, Fellenoord, Giersbergen, Haarsteeg, Hedikhuizen, Heesbeen, Herpt, Kuiksche Heide, Luttelherpt, Nieuwkuijk, Oudheusden, Vlijmen, Voordijk, Wolfshoek

Heusden (a city and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)

a village in Asten, North Brabant, Netherlands


Oss

First attested as Old Dutch Os in 1069. Etymology unknown. Potentially derived from an ancient hydronym. No relationship with os (“castrated bull”). Compare Ussen.

unk

unknown

Meronyms: Achterste Heide, Benedeneind, Berghem, Boveneind, Demen, Deursen-Dennenburg, Dieden, Duurendseind, Elst, Geffen, Gement, Haren, Herpen, Huisseling, Keent, Kleine Koolwijk, Koolwijk, Lith, Lithoijen, Macharen, Maren-Kessel, Megen, Neerlangel, Neerloon, Oijen, Overlangel, Ravenstein, Teeffelen, 't Wild

Oss (a city and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Zoetermeer

From Middle Dutch Soetermere, from Soete (a hydronym) + mere, equivalent to modern Zoete + meer (“lake”). The first element was gradually reinterpreted as zoet (“sweet, potable”). Compare Zoeterwoude, and Zwieten.

Meronym: Roeleveen

a city and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands without city rights


Hoorn

* (Noord-Holland) First attested as hoern in 1289. Derived from Middle Dutch horne (“protruding bend, corner”).
* (Friesland) First attested as horon in 1482. Borrowed from West Frisian Hoarne, derived in turn from Old Frisian horn (“protruding bend, corner”).
* (Gelderland) First attested as hoerne in 1333-1334. Derived from hoorn (“protruding piece of land”).
* (Groningen) First attested as Hoorn in 1634. Derived from hoorn (“prominent bend, corner”).
* (Alphen aan den Rijn, hamlet) First attested as De Hoorn Polder in 1615. Derived from hoorn (“prominent bend, corner”).
* (Alphen aan den Rijn, neighbourhood) The neighbourhood is named after the hamlet.

der

Meronyms: Blokker, Zwaag

a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands

a village in Terschelling, Friesland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Heerde, Gelderland, Netherlands

a hamlet in Westerwolde, Groningen, Netherlands

a hamlet in Alphen aan den Rijn, South Holland, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Alphen aan den Rijn, South Holland, Netherlands


Nederweert

First attested as meervelt in 1350. Derived from a compound of neder (“lower”) and the toponym Weert. The settlement was originally named Meerveld (a compound of meer (“lake, pool”) and veld (“field”)).
See also Limburgish Ni-jwieërt.

Meronyms: Boeket, Bosserstraat, Budschop, Horick, Horickheide, Hulsen, Klaarstraat, Kreijel, Leveroy, Mildert, Nederweert-Eind, Ospel, Ospeldijk, Roeven, Schoor, Strateris, Waatskamp

Nederweert (a village and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands)


Geldrop

First attested as gheldorp in 1302. Compound of an unknown first element and dorp (“village, settlement”). The first element has been interpreted as Middle Dutch gelde (“infertile”) or Old Dutch Gello (a personal name).

a village and former municipality of Geldrop-Mierlo, North Brabant, Netherlands


Heiloo

First attested as heilingloh, heileginlo and heilegenlo in the first half of the 11th century. Compound of Old Dutch hēlig (“holy, sacred”) and lo (“light forest”).

Meronyms: Bollendorp, Kaandorp, Kapel, Oosterzij

a village and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Medemblik

First attested as medemolaca in 918-948. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian medeme (“middle, mid-”) and laca (“natural watercourse”). Originally a hydronym. Compare Oosterleek and Oterleek.

Meronyms: Abbekerk, Andijk, Bangert, Bennemeer, Benningbroek, Broerdijk, De Buurt, Hauwert, Het Hoogeland, Kerkbuurt, Koppershorn, Lambertschaag, Lekermeer, Midwoud, Munnikij, Nibbixwoud, Onderdijk, Oostwoud, Opperdoes, Sijbekarspel, Twisk, Veldhuis, Wervershoof, Wijzend, Wognum, Zomerdijk, Zwaagdijk-Oost, Zwaagdijk-West

Medemblik (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands)


Barendrecht

First attested as berendrech in 1265. From Middle Dutch Berendrecht, Barendrecht. The first element may be Middle Dutch bere (“mud”), beer (“boar, male pig”), or Old Dutch Bero (a personal name); the second is -drecht. Compare Duivendrecht, Ossendrecht, Papendrecht, Woensdrecht and Zwijndrecht.

Meronyms: Barendrechtse Veer, Koedood, Smitshoek

a village and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


Baarn

First attested as barne in 1308. The toponym is cognate to Middle Dutch bernen (“burn”) and berne (“fuel”).
Popular etymology holds that the city is named after Verona, but this origin story of the name is not backed up by the oldest attestations of the toponym.

Meronyms: Eembrugge, Lage Vuursche, Soestdijk

a city and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Zoutelande

First attested as soutenlande in 1256. Compound of zout (“salt”) (used here in a dialectal sense to refer to land located outside of a levee) and land (“land”).
See also Zealandic Zoetelande.

a village and former municipality of Veere, Zeeland, Netherlands


Delfzijl

First attested as in delfzilen in 1303. Compound of the hydronym Delf (derived from delven (“dig, excavate”)) and zijl (“discharge sluice”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Delfziel.

a city and former municipality of Eemsdelta, Groningen, Netherlands


Het Hogeland

/ɦɛt ˈɦoː.ɣəˌlɑnt/

Derived from a compound of hoog (“high, elevated”) and land (“land”). The municipality is located at a slightly higher elevation than its closest neighbours.

Meronyms: Abbeweer, Adorp, Alinghuizen, Arwerd, Baflo, Barnegaten, Bedum, Bellingeweer, Bethlehem, Beusum, Bokum, Breede, De Dingen, De Hoogte, De Horn, De Houw, De Knijp, Den Andel, Den Hander, De Raken, De Streek, De Vennen, Deikum, Doodstil, Douwen, Eelswerd, Eenrum, Elens, Ellerhuizen, Eppenhuizen, Ernstheem, Ewer, Grijssloot, Groot Maarslag, Groot Wetsinge, Hammeland, Harssens, Hefswal, Hekkum, Helwerd, Heuvelderij, Hiddingezijl, Holwinde, Hornhuizen, Houwerzijl, Kaakhorn, Kantens, Katershorn, Kattenburg, Klei, Kleine Huisjes, Klein Garnwerd, Klein Maarslag, Klein Wetsinge, Kloosterburen, Kolham, Koningsoord, Kruisweg, Lauwersoog, Leens, Lutje Marne, Lutjewolde, Lutke Saaxum, Maarhuizen, Menkeweer, Menneweer, Mensingeweer, Midhalm, Molenrij, Niekerk, Nijenklooster, Noordpolder, Noordpolderzijl, Noordwolde, Obergum, Oldenzijl, Oldorp, Onderdendam, Onderwierum, Oosteinde, Oosterhuizen, Oosternieland, Oudedijk, Oudeschip, Paapstil, Panser, Pieterburen, Plattenburg, Ranum, Rasquert, Rodewolt, Roodehaan, Roodeschool, Rottum, Saaxumhuizen, Sauwerd, Schapehals, Schaphalsterzijl, Schilligeham, Schouwen, Schouwerzijl, Sint Annerhuisjes, Startenhuizen, Stitswerd, Takkebos, Ter Laan, Tijum, Tinallinge, 't Lage van de Weg, 't Stort, Uithuizen, Uithuizermeeden, Ulrum, Usquert, Valcum, Valom, Vierhuizen, Vliedorp, Wadwerd, Warffum, Warfhuizen, Wehe-den Hoorn, Westerdijkshorn, Westerhorn, Westerklooster, Westernieland, Wetsinge, Wierhuizen, Wierum, Wildeveld, Willemsstreek, Winsum, Zandeweer, Zevenhuizen, Zoutkamp, Zuidwolde, Zuurdijk

a municipality of Groningen, Netherlands


Loppersum

First attested as loppesheim in 944. Compound of Old Frisian Loppe (a personal name) and heem (“home, settlement”).

a village and former municipality of Eemsdelta, Groningen, Netherlands


Midden-Groningen

Derived from midden (“middle, mid-”) and the toponym Groningen.

Meronyms: Achterdiep, Beneden Veensloot, Blokum, Bokhörn, Borgweg, Boven Veensloot, Denemarken, De Paauwen, Duurkenakker, Eelshuis, Foxham, Foxhol, Foxholsterbosch, Froombosch, Gaarland, Harkstede, Heidenschap, Hellum, Het Veen, Hoogezand, Jagerswijk, Kalkwijk, Kibbelgaarn, Kiel-Windeweer, Kleinemeer, Kolham, Korengarst, Kropswolde, Lageland, Langewijk, Leentjer, Luddeweer, Lula, Meeden, Muntendam, Nieuwe Compagnie, Noordbroek, Noordbroeksterhamrik, Overschild, Roeksweer, Ruiten, Sappemeer, Schaaphok, Scharmer, Schildwolde, Siddeburen, Slochteren, Spitsbergen, Steendam, Stootshorn, Tjuchem, Tripscompagnie, Tusschenloegen, Tussenklappen, Uiterburen, Waterhuizen, Westeind, Westerbroek, Wilderhof, Wolfsbarge, Woudbloem, Zuidbroek


Oldambt

Compound of oud (“old”) and ambt (“district, bailiwick”). The municipality is named after one of the former districts of the Ommelanden.

Meronyms: Bad Nieuweschans, Beerta, Beersterhoogen, Bikkershorn, Blauwestad, Booneschans, Bovenstreek, Carel Coenraadpolder, Drieborg, Ekamp, Finsterwolde, Finsterwolderhamrik, Ganzedijk, Goldhoorn, Hamdijk, Hardenberg, Heiligerlee, Hongerige Wolf, Kostverloren, Kromme-Elleboog, Kroonpolder, Lutje Loug, Meerland, Midwolda, Modderland, Napels, Niesoord, Nieuw Beerta, Nieuwe Statenzijl, Nieuwolda, Nieuw Scheemda, Oostereinde, Oostwold, Oostwolderhamrik, Oostwolderpolder, Oudedijk, Oude Statenzijl, Oudezijl, Scheemda, Scheemdermeer, Scheemderzwaag, Scheve Klap, Stadspolder, Tranendal, 't Waar, Ulsda, Westerlee, Winschoten, Winschoterzijl, Zuiderveen


Pekela

First attested as Pekel A, Pekell Ae and Pekel Ae in 1566. Named after a hydronym, derived in turn from a compound of the toponym Pekel (potentially connected to Middle Low German peke (“swamp reed, rush”)) and aa (“watercourse, river”). The hydronym gave its name to a large peat extraction settlement which fragmented into several villages with the passage of time.

cog

Meronyms: Boven Pekela, Bronsveen, Dwarsdiep, Hoetmansmeer, Kruiselwerk, Nieuwe Pekela, Oude Pekela, Wildeplaats


Stadskanaal

First attested as Nieuw-Stads-Kanaal in 1858. Compound of stad + -s- + kanaal. The city in question is Groningen.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Knoal.

Meronyms: Alteveer, Barlage, Blekslage, Braamberg, Ceresdorp, Höchte, Höfte, Holte, Horsten, Kopstukken, Mussel, Musselkanaal, Onstwedde, Oomsberg, Smeerling, Sterenborg, Tange, Ter Maarsch, Ter Wupping, Veenhuizen, Vledderhuizen, Vledderveen, Vosseberg, Wessinghuizen

a town and municipality of Groningen, Netherlands


Veendam

First attested as Veendam in 1655. Compound of veen (“peat bog, marsh”) and dam (“dam”).

Meronyms: Borgercompagnie, Korte Akkers, Numero Dertien, Ommelanderwijk, Westerdiepsterdallen, Wildervank, Wildervanksterdallen, Zuidwending

a city and municipality of Groningen, Netherlands without city rights


Westerkwartier

en:Groningen (province)
en:Netherlands
en:Westerkwartier

From wester- (“western”) + kwartier (“quarter, neighborhood”).
* (municipality) Named after the historical region of Westerkwartier in Groningen, the Netherlands.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Westerkertier.

af

Meronyms: Aalsum, Aduard, Aduarder Voorwerk, Aduarderzijl, Allersma, Antum, Bakkerom, Balmahuizen, Barnwerd, Beswerd, Blauw, Boerakker, Boerenstreek, Bokkebuurt, Bolshuizen, Breemen, Brillerij, Briltil, Buikstede, De Bombay, De Eest, De Haar, De Haspel, De Holm, De Jammer, De Jouwer, De Kampen, De Linde, Den Ham, Den Horn, De Poffert, De Ruigewaard, De Snipperij, De Tenten, De Wieren, De Wijk, De Wilp, Diepswal, Doezum, Dorp, Dwarshaspel, Eekeburen, Eibersburen, Electra, Englum, Enumatil, Ezinge, Faan, Feerwerd, Fransum, Fransumer Voorwerk, Frytum, Gaaikemadijk, Gaaikemaweer, Gaarkeuken, Garnwerd, Grijpskerk, Grootegast, Hamrik, Hardeweer, Heereburen, Heineburen, Het Schoor, Hilmahuis, Hoogemeeden, Ikum, Jonkersvaart, Kenwerd, Keuningswijk, Kokswijk, Kommerzijl, Kornhorn, Korhorn, Krassum, Kroonsfeld, Kuzemer, Kuzemerbalk, Lagemeeden, Lammerburen, Lauwerzijl, Leek, Lettelbert, Lucaswolde, Lutjegast, Marum, Midwolde, Niebert, Niehove, Niekerk, Nieuwbrug, Nieuwklap, Niezijl, Noorderburen, Noordhorn, Noordhornerga, Noordhornertolhek, Noordwijk, Nuis, Okswerd, Oldehove, Oldekerk, Oosterzand, Oostindië, Oostwold, Oostum, Opende, Pama, Pasop, Peebos, Pieterzijl, Ruigezand, Saaksum, Schifpot, Sebaldeburen, Selwerd, Spanjaardsdijk, Steentil, Suttum, 't Hoekje, 't Kret, 't Malijk, Tolbert, Tolhek, Topweer, Trimunt, Veldstreek, Visvliet, Westerhorn, Westerzand, Wierumerschouw, Willemstad, Zandwijk, Zethuis, Zevenhuizen, Zuiderburen, Zuidhorn

a historical region of Groningen, Netherlands

a neighbourhood of Delft, South Holland, Netherlands


Westerwolde

From wester- (“western, west-”) + wold (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). The municipality is named after one of the former districts of the Ommelanden.

Meronyms: Abeltjeshuis, Barnflair, Bellingwolde, Blijham, Borgertange, Borgerveld, Bourtange, Bovenstreek, De Bruil, De Bult, De Heemen, De Lethe, De Maten, Den Ham, De Vennen, Ellersinghuizen, Hanetange, Harpel, Hebrecht, Hoorn, Hoornderveen, Jipsingboermussel, Jipsingboertange, Jipsinghuizen, Kielhuppen, Klein-Ulsda, Klontjebuurt, Koudehoek, Lammerweg, Laude, Lauderbeetse, Laudermarke, Lauderzwarteveen, Leemdobben, Lutjeloo, Morige, Munnekemoer, Oudeschans, Over de Dijk, Overdiep, Pallert, Plaggenborg, Poldert, Renneborg, Rhederbrug, Rhederveld, Rijsdam, Roelage, Sellingen, Sellingerbeetse, Sellingerzwarteveen, Slegge, Stakenborg, Stobben, Ter Apel, Ter Apelkanaal, Ter Borg, Ter Haar, Ter Walslage, Ter Wisch, Tjabbesoord, 't Schot, Veele, Veelerveen, Veendijk, Veerste Veldhuis, Vlagtwedde, Vlagtwedder-Barlage, Vlagtwedder-Veldhuis, Voorwold, Vriescheloo, Wedde, Wedderheide, Wedderveer, Weende, Weenderveld, Weite, Wessingtange, Westeind, Winschoterhoogebrug, Wollingboermarke, Wollinghuizen, Zandstroom, Zuidveld


Kampen

* (Overijssel) First attested as in campis in 1217. Derived from the dative plural form of kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).
* (Friesland) First attested as kam in 1486. Calque of West Frisian De Kampen, derived from the plural form of Old Frisian kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).
* (Zeeland) Attested as Kampen in 1747. Derived from the dative plural form of kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).

der

Kampen (a municipality and seaside resort village on the island of Sylt, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany)

Meronyms: Bisschopswetering, De Heuvels, De Roskam, De Zande, Grafhorst, Hogeweg, IJsselmuiden, Kampereiland, Kamperveen, Mastenbroek, Nieuwstad, Oosterholt, 's-Heerenbroek, Veecaten, Wilsum, Zalk

Kampen (a Hanseatic city and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands)

Kampen (a hamlet in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands)

Kampen (a hamlet in Hulst, Zeeland, Netherlands)


Beesel

First attested as Bisela in 1173. Potentially a compound of bies (“bulrush, Scirpus”) and lo (“open place in a forest”). Proposed derivations from Middle Dutch bise (“hind”) or bise (“black”), bize are incorrect; all three terms are loans from Middle French, and Beesel was located outside of the sphere of influence of the Romance languages. Compare Beesd, Bisselt and Lage Bijssel.
See also Limburgish Bezel.

Meronyms: Bussereind, Offenbeek, Reuver, Rijkel

a village and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands


Brunssum

First attested as brunsham around 1170-1180. Compound of Old Dutch Brun (a personal name) and ham (“alluvial land in the bend of a river”).
See also Limburgish Broenssem.

Meronyms: Bouwberg, Rumpen, Treebeek

a city and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands


Echt-Susteren

Meronyms: Aan Reijans, Aasterberg, Baakhoven, Berkelaar, Dieteren, Echt, Echterbosch, Gebroek, Heide, Hingen, Illikhoven, Kokkelert, Koningsbosch, Maria Hoop, Nieuwstadt, Oevereind, Ophoven, Oud-Roosteren, Pepinusbrug, Pey, Putbroek, Roosteren, Schilberg, Sint Joost, Slek, Spaanshuisken, Susteren, Visserweert