volwassen

volwassen (adverbial positive predicative)
volwassen (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
volwassen (indefinite neuter positive singular)
volwassen (indefinite plural positive)
volwassen (definite positive)
volwassens (partitive positive)

Kinderen groeien op tot volwassen individuen.

Children grow up into adult individuals.

Als volwassen persoon ben je verantwoordelijk voor je eigen beslissingen.

As an adult person, you are responsible for your own decisions.

Een volwassen eik kan een imposante boom worden.

A full-grown oak tree can become an imposing tree.


pannenkoek

nl-noun

pannenkoek m (plural pannenkoeken, diminutive pannenkoekje n)

pannenkoeken (plural)
pannenkoekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: pannekoek

Jersey Dutch: pānnekuk

Negerhollands: pannekoek

→ Abenaki: pôngoksak

→ English: pannekoek

→ Indonesian: panekuk

→ Loup A: panegug

→ Munsee: pan'kook

→ Sranan Tongo: pankuku

→ Unami: pan'kuk

From Middle Dutch pannecoeke. Equivalent to pan (“pan”) + -en- + koek (“cake”).

Ik ben mijn hele leven al fan geweest van pannenkoeken, en wat dat betreft is Rusland een van de beste landen om te wonen.

2011, Jelle Brandt Corstius, Van Moskou tot Medan:

I have been a fan of pancakes for my entire life, and when it comes to that Russia is one of the best countries to live in.


koekhappen

bite-the-cake; a game, especially for children, in which piece(s) of cake are hung from a rope, and the children, being blindfolded, attempt to bite the piece(s) of cake


Albanese

Albanese f (plural Albanesen, diminutive Albaneesje n, masculine Albanees)

Albanesen (plural)
Albaneesje (diminutive neuter)
Albanees (masculine)


vorst

vorst m (plural vorsten, diminutive vorstje n, feminine vorstin)

vorsten (plural)
vorstje (diminutive neuter)
vorstin (feminine)

Afrikaans: vors

Negerhollands: voorst

From Middle Dutch vorste, from Old Dutch furista, fursta, from the substantivised weak inflection of Proto-West Germanic *furist, from Proto-Germanic *furistaz (“first”).

the generic term for prince, monarch, ruler


tsaar

tsaar m (plural tsaren, diminutive tsaartje n, feminine tsarina or tsarin)

tsaren (plural)
tsaartje (diminutive neuter)
tsarina (feminine)
tsarin (feminine)

Afrikaans: tsaar

→ West Frisian: tsaar

Borrowed from Russian царь (carʹ), from Old East Slavic цьсарь (cĭsarĭ), from Proto-Slavic *cěsařь, from a Germanic language, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar.


schaats

schaats f (plural schaatsen, diminutive schaatsje n)

schaatsen (plural)
schaatsje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: skaats

→ English: skate

→ Dutch: skate

→ Danish: skøjte

→ Indonesian: sekat (“skate”)

From Middle Dutch schāetse (“stilt”), from Old Northern French escache (“a stilt, trestle”), from Frankish *skakkjā (“stilt”, literally “thing that moves”), from the verb *skakan (“to shake”).


bestuurder

nl-noun

bestuurder m or f (plural bestuurders, diminutive bestuurdertje n)

bestuurders (plural)
bestuurdertje (diminutive neuter)


beveiliger

beveiliger m (plural beveiligers, diminutive beveiligertje n, feminine beveiligster)

beveiligers (plural)
beveiligertje (diminutive neuter)
beveiligster (feminine)


havervlokkenpap

havervlokkenpap m (uncountable, diminutive havervlokkenpapje n)

From havervlok (“oatmeal flake”) + -en- + pap (“porridge”).


jood

nl-noun

jood m (plural joden, diminutive joodje n)

joden (plural)
joodje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: joode, jodden, jood

From Middle Dutch jōde, from Old Dutch judo, from Latin iūdaeus, from Ancient Greek Ἰουδαῖος (Ioudaîos).
The soccer sense ("supporter of AFC Ajax") refers to the fact that the club Ajax hails from Amsterdam, a city with a traditionally large Jewish community. While supporters from rivaling clubs often chant antisemitic slogans during matches against Ajax due to this association with Judaism, supporters of Ajax have taken to referring to themselves as joden (or even superjoden), transforming what is intended as a taunt into a geuzennaam.

(Netherlands, soccer slang, potentially offensive) a supporter of AFC Ajax


bondgenoot

bondgenoot m (plural bondgenoten, diminutive bondgenootje n, feminine bondgenote)

bondgenoten (plural)
bondgenootje (diminutive neuter)
bondgenote (feminine)

Afrikaans: bondgenoot

From bond + genoot, calque of German Bundesgenosse.

Nederland en België waren bondgenoten tijdens de oorlog.

Netherlands and Belgium were allies during the war.

De twee landen hebben een langdurige geschiedenis als bondgenoten in tijden van nood.

The two countries have a long history as allies in times of need.

In moeilijke tijden kunnen we altijd rekenen op onze bondgenoten voor steun.

In difficult times, we can always rely on our allies for support.

ally (member of the same alliance; one who offers support when needed)


genoot

genoot m (plural genoten, diminutive genootje n, feminine genote)

genoten (plural)
genootje (diminutive neuter)
genote (feminine)

From Middle Dutch genoot, from Old Dutch genōt, from Proto-West Germanic *ganaut, from Proto-Germanic *ganautaz.

Hij is mijn trouwe genoot en staat altijd voor me klaar.

He is my loyal companion and is always there for me.


kuiper

kuiper m (plural kuipers, diminutive kuipertje n, feminine kuiperin)

kuipers (plural)
kuipertje (diminutive neuter)
kuiperin (feminine)

→ Papiamentu: kijper, keiper (dated)

From Middle Dutch cuper. Equivalent to kuipen + -er.


vlam

vlam f (plural vlammen, diminutive vlammetje n)

vlammen (plural)
vlammetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: vlam

Negerhollands: vlam

From Middle Dutch vlamme, from Old Dutch flamma, from Old French flamme, from Latin flamma.

(informal, metonymically) love interest, partner


ruit

ruit f (plural ruiten, diminutive ruitje n)

ruiten (plural)
ruitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ruit

From Middle Dutch rute, of uncertain origin. Compare German Raute.

(card games) a diamond; mostly used in the plural: ruiten, for that card suit


driftig

nl-adj

driftig (comparative driftiger, superlative driftigst)

driftiger (comparative)
driftigst (superlative)
driftig (adverbial positive predicative)
driftiger (adverbial comparative predicative)
het driftigst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het driftigste (adverbial predicative superlative)
driftige (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
driftigere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
driftigste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
driftig (indefinite neuter positive singular)
driftiger (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
driftigste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
driftige (indefinite plural positive)
driftigere (comparative indefinite plural)
driftigste (indefinite plural superlative)
driftige (definite positive)
driftigere (comparative definite)
driftigste (definite superlative)
driftigs (partitive positive)
driftigers (comparative partitive)

→ Papiamentu: drifte (dated)

From Middle Dutch driftich. Equivalent to drift + -ig.


driftkikker

nl-noun

driftkikker m (plural driftkikkers, diminutive driftkikkertje n)

driftkikkers (plural)
driftkikkertje (diminutive neuter)


luiaard

luiaard m (plural luiaards, diminutive luiaardje n)

luiaards (plural)
luiaardje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: loiri

→ Aukan: loili


schaakstuk

schaakstuk n (plural schaakstukken, diminutive schaakstukje n)

schaakstukken (plural)
schaakstukje (diminutive neuter)


loper

loper m (plural lopers, diminutive lopertje n)

lopers (plural)
lopertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: loper

Indonesian: loper

Petjo: loper

From Middle Dutch lopere. Equivalent to lopen + -er.
In the chess sense, likely a semantic loan from German Läufer.


koffiepoeder

koffiepoeder m (plural koffiepoeders, diminutive koffiepoedertje n)

koffiepoeders (plural)
koffiepoedertje (diminutive neuter)

From koffie (“coffee”) + poeder (“powder”).


boog

boog m (plural bogen, diminutive boogje n)

bogen (plural)
boogje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: boog

→ Dhivehi: ބޯކު (bōku)

→ Papiamentu: bog, boog

→ Sinhalese: බෝක්කුව (bōkkuwa)

From Middle Dutch bōge, from Old Dutch bogo, from Proto-West Germanic *bogō, from Proto-Germanic *bugô.


koffie verkeerd

From koffie (“coffee”) + verkeerd (“wrong”), thus “coffee the wrong way round”, meaning a lot of milk with coffee rather than the “normal” coffee with a bit of milk.

café au lait, coffee made with a large proportion of warm milk


koffiehuis

koffiehuis n (plural koffiehuizen, diminutive koffiehuisje n)

koffiehuizen (plural)
koffiehuisje (diminutive neuter)

From koffie (“coffee”) + huis (“house”).


apostrof

apostrof f or m (plural apostrofs or apostroffen, diminutive apostrofje n)

apostrofs (plural)
apostroffen (plural)
apostrofje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: apostrof

→ Papiamentu: apostròf

Borrowed from Middle French apostrophe, from Latin apostrophus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστροφος (apóstrophos).


beul

beul m (plural beulen, diminutive beultje n)

beulen (plural)
beultje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch buel, earlier buedel, from Old Dutch *budil, from Proto-West Germanic *budil, from Proto-Germanic *budilaz. Doublet of pedel.

an executioner, torturer, one who carries out executions and other judicial corporal punishments


balg

balg m (plural balgen, diminutive balgje n)

balgen (plural)
balgje (diminutive neuter)

desctree

→ French: blague, blaque (obsolete)
→ Italian: blaga, → blague
→ Polish: blaga

From Middle Dutch balch, from Old Dutch balg, from Proto-West Germanic *balgi, from Proto-Germanic *balgiz.


appeltaart

nl-noun

appeltaart m (plural appeltaarten, diminutive appeltaartje n)

appeltaarten (plural)
appeltaartje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: appeltert


geoloog

geoloog m (plural geologen, diminutive geoloogje n)

geologen (plural)
geoloogje (diminutive neuter)


asbest

→ Indonesian: asbès

→ Papiamentu: asbèst

From Middle Dutch asbeston, from Latin asbestos, from Ancient Greek ἄσβεστος (ásbestos).


bami

Borrowed from Hokkien 肉麵 /肉面 (bah-mī) or indirectly via Indonesian bakmi.


rechter

rechter m (plural rechters, diminutive rechtertje n)

rechters (plural)
rechtertje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: rechter, regter


riant

nl-adj

riant (comparative rianter, superlative riantst)

rianter (comparative)
riantst (superlative)
riant (adverbial positive predicative)
rianter (adverbial comparative predicative)
het riantst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het riantste (adverbial predicative superlative)
riante (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
riantere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
riantste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
riant (indefinite neuter positive singular)
rianter (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
riantste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
riante (indefinite plural positive)
riantere (comparative indefinite plural)
riantste (indefinite plural superlative)
riante (definite positive)
riantere (comparative definite)
riantste (definite superlative)
riants (partitive positive)
rianters (comparative partitive)

Borrowed from French riant, from Middle French riant, from Old French riant.

(sports) decisive, overwhelming, convincing


stok

nl-noun

stok m (plural stokken, diminutive stokje n)

stokken (plural)
stokje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: stok

Berbice Creole Dutch: stoko

Negerhollands: stok

→ Indonesian: stok

→ Papiamentu: stòki

From Middle Dutch stoc, from Old Dutch stok, from Proto-Germanic *stukkaz.

(card games) deck, stock (set of playing cards)


hakken

hakken (infinitive)
hakken (gerund neuter)
hak (first-person present singular)
hakte (first-person past singular)
hakt (present second-person singular)
hak (present second-person singular)
hakte (past second-person singular)
hakt (formal present second-person singular)
hakte (formal past second-person singular)
hakt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
hakt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
hakte (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
hakte (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
hakt (present singular third-person)
hakte (past singular third-person)
hakken (plural present)
hakten (past plural)
hakke (archaic present singular subjunctive)
hakte (archaic past singular subjunctive)
hakken (archaic plural present subjunctive)
hakten (archaic past plural subjunctive)
hak (imperative present singular)
hakt (archaic imperative plural present)
hakkend (participle present)
gehakt (participle past)

(intransitive) to dance in a style originating from the Dutch hardcore or gabber scene


hakken

(slang) a style of dance originating from the Dutch hardcore and gabber scene


calvados

calvados m (plural calvadossen, diminutive calvadosje n)

calvadossen (plural)
calvadosje (diminutive neuter)


immigrante

immigrante f (plural immigranten or immigrantes, diminutive immigrantje n, masculine immigrant)

immigranten (plural)
immigrantes (plural)
immigrantje (diminutive neuter)
immigrant (masculine)


herder

herder m (plural herders, diminutive herdertje n, feminine herderin)

herders (plural)
herdertje (diminutive neuter)
herderin (feminine)

Negerhollands: herder

→ Papiamentu: herder

From Middle Dutch herder, earlier herde from Proto-Germanic *herdō (“herd”) + agent suffix -e; the agent suffix -er replaced -e when the latter fell in disuse as signifying agency.

a herdsman, herd, herder of a flock of animals


duik

duik m (plural duiken, diminutive duikje n)

duiken (plural)
duikje (diminutive neuter)

(diving) dive, the act of diving into the water


Numeri

From Middle Dutch numeri, from Latin Numerī.


monseigneur

monseigneur m (plural monseigneurs, diminutive monseigneurtje n)

monseigneurs (plural)
monseigneurtje (diminutive neuter)


filmmaker

filmmaker m (plural filmmakers, diminutive filmmakertje n)

filmmakers (plural)
filmmakertje (diminutive neuter)


fotocamera

fotocamera f (plural fotocamera's, diminutive fotocameraatje n)

fotocamera's (plural)
fotocameraatje (diminutive neuter)


nasi goreng

→ Papiamentu: nasigóren

Geef mij maar nasi goreng met een gebakken ei / Wat sambal en wat kroepoek en een goed glas bier erbij

1975, “Geef Mij Maar Nasi Goreng”, in Wieteke van Dort (lyrics), Joop Stokkermans (music), Geef Mij Maar Nasi Goreng, performed by Wieteke van Dort:

I'll have fried rice with a fried egg, anytime / Some hot sauce and some prawn crackers and a good glass of beer to go with it


smid

smid m (plural smeden, diminutive smidje n)

smeden (plural)
smidje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: smid

Negerhollands: smid

→ Munsee: shumát

→ Papiamentu: smet, smid

→ Sranan Tongo: smeti, smitti

→ Saramaccan: simítima

→ Unami: shëmìt, shmìt

From Middle Dutch smit, from Old Dutch *smith, from Proto-West Germanic *smiþ, from Proto-Germanic *smiþaz.


triolet

triolet m or f or n (plural trioletten, diminutive trioletje n)

trioletten (plural)
trioletje (diminutive neuter)


spion

spion m (plural spionnen, diminutive spionnetje n, feminine spionne)

spionnen (plural)
spionnetje (diminutive neuter)
spionne (feminine)

→ Indonesian: spion

spy, person who secretly gathers information


smuilen

smuilen (infinitive)
smuilen (gerund neuter)
smuil (first-person present singular)
smuilde (first-person past singular)
smuilt (present second-person singular)
smuil (present second-person singular)
smuilde (past second-person singular)
smuilt (formal present second-person singular)
smuilde (formal past second-person singular)
smuilt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
smuilt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
smuilde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
smuilde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
smuilt (present singular third-person)
smuilde (past singular third-person)
smuilen (plural present)
smuilden (past plural)
smuile (archaic present singular subjunctive)
smuilde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
smuilen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
smuilden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
smuil (imperative present singular)
smuilt (archaic imperative plural present)
smuilend (participle present)
gesmuild (participle past)

First attested 1691, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *smīlijaną.


verloving

verloving f (plural verlovingen, diminutive verlovinkje n)

verlovingen (plural)
verlovinkje (diminutive neuter)

From verloven (“affiance”) + -ing (“-ment”).


biografie

biografie f (plural biografieën, diminutive biografietje n)

biografieën (plural)
biografietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: biografie

Probably borrowed from French biographie.


baret

baret f (plural baretten, diminutive baretje n)

baretten (plural)
baretje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: baret

→ Indonesian: baret

From Middle French barrete, from dialectal Italian baretta.


ypsilon

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὖ ψιλόν (û psilón).


chirurg

chirurg m (plural chirurgen, diminutive chirurgje n)

chirurgen (plural)
chirurgje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: chirurg

Borrowed from German Chirurg, from Latin chīrūrgus (“surgeon”).


kapper

kapper m (plural kappers, diminutive kappertje n, feminine kapster)

kappers (plural)
kappertje (diminutive neuter)
kapster (feminine)

From kappen (“to cut or dress hair”) + -er.


nomade

nomade m or f (plural nomaden, diminutive nomadetje n)

nomaden (plural)
nomadetje (diminutive neuter)


bediende

bediende m or f (plural bedienden or bediendes, diminutive bediendetje n)

bedienden (plural)
bediendes (plural)
bediendetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bediende

Negerhollands: bedienten

desc

→ Caribbean Javanese: bedinde, bedhindhe

→ Indonesian: bedinde

Inflected form of bediend, calque of German Bedienter.

servant, low-ranking employee (any gender)


zijde

Afrikaans: sy

Negerhollands: sie, śi

From Middle Dutch side, from Old Dutch *sīda, from Proto-West Germanic *sīdā, from Proto-Germanic *sīdǭ.


Française

nl-noun

Française f (plural Françaises, masculine Fransman)

Françaises (plural)
Fransman (masculine)


Maltees

nl-adj

Maltees (comparative Malteser, superlative meest Maltees or Malteest)

Malteser (comparative)
meest Maltees (superlative)
Malteest (superlative)
Maltees (adverbial positive predicative)
Malteser (adverbial comparative predicative)
het Malteest (adverbial predicative superlative)
het Malteeste (adverbial predicative superlative)
Maltese (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
Maltesere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
Malteeste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
Maltees (indefinite neuter positive singular)
Malteser (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
Malteeste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
Maltese (indefinite plural positive)
Maltesere (comparative indefinite plural)
Malteeste (indefinite plural superlative)
Maltese (definite positive)
Maltesere (comparative definite)
Malteeste (definite superlative)
Maltees (partitive positive)
Maltesers (comparative partitive)


Maltees

nl-noun

Maltees m (plural Maltezen, diminutive Malteesje n, feminine Maltese)

Maltezen (plural)
Malteesje (diminutive neuter)
Maltese (feminine)


Portugees

nl-adj

Portugees (comparative Portugeser, superlative meest Portugees or Portugeest)

Portugeser (comparative)
meest Portugees (superlative)
Portugeest (superlative)
Portugees (adverbial positive predicative)
Portugeser (adverbial comparative predicative)
het Portugeest (adverbial predicative superlative)
het Portugeeste (adverbial predicative superlative)
Portugese (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
Portugesere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
Portugeeste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
Portugees (indefinite neuter positive singular)
Portugeser (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
Portugeeste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
Portugese (indefinite plural positive)
Portugesere (comparative indefinite plural)
Portugeeste (indefinite plural superlative)
Portugese (definite positive)
Portugesere (comparative definite)
Portugeeste (definite superlative)
Portugees (partitive positive)
Portugesers (comparative partitive)


Portugees

nl-noun

Portugees m (plural Portugezen, diminutive Portugeesje n, feminine Portugese)

Portugezen (plural)
Portugeesje (diminutive neuter)
Portugese (feminine)


Rus

Rus m (plural Russen, diminutive Rusje n, feminine Russin)

Russen (plural)
Rusje (diminutive neuter)
Russin (feminine)


noen

noen m (plural noens or noenen, diminutive noentje n)

noens (plural)
noenen (plural)
noentje (diminutive neuter)

From Hebrew נוּ״ן (nun), Arabic نُون (nūn).


graaf

graaf m (plural graven, diminutive graafje n, feminine gravin)

graven (plural)
graafje (diminutive neuter)
gravin (feminine)

Negerhollands: grave

From Middle Dutch grâve, from Old Dutch grāvo, from Proto-West Germanic *garāfijō.


klimsport

(sports) climbing: e.g. rock climbing, mountaineering


stoot

stoot m (plural stoten, diminutive stootje n)

stoten (plural)
stootje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: stoot

From Middle Dutch stôot, from Old Dutch *stōt, from Proto-West Germanic *stauti, from Proto-Germanic *stautiz. Equivalent to a deverbal from stoten.


toermalijn

toermalijn m (plural toermalijnen, diminutive toermalijntje n)

toermalijnen (plural)
toermalijntje (diminutive neuter)

Either directly from Sinhalese tóramalli 'carnelian', or via one of the cognates German Turmalin, Portuguese tormalina, English and French tourmaline.

(uncountable, gems) the silicate mineral tourmaline, in various colours


kleuter

kleuter m (plural kleuters, diminutive kleutertje n)

kleuters (plural)
kleutertje (diminutive neuter)

Etymology undetermined, no cognates known; compare peuter (“toddler”).

a child between the ages of four and six/seven years (before the onset of concrete operational thought)

a mature person who behaves most immaturely


lijn

lijn f (plural lijnen, diminutive lijntje n)

lijnen (plural)
lijntje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: leni, lin

→ Indonesian: lin

From Middle Dutch līne, from Old Dutch *līna, from Proto-Germanic *līnǭ, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *līno- (“flax”). In several senses influenced by Latin līnea; compare linie.


koopman

koopman m (plural kooplieden or kooplui or koopmannen, diminutive koopmannetje n, feminine koopvrouw)

kooplieden (plural)
kooplui (plural)
koopmannen (plural)
koopmannetje (diminutive neuter)
koopvrouw (feminine)

Negerhollands: koopman

→ Papiamentu: koopman (dated)

From Middle Dutch côopman, from Old Dutch kōpman, from Proto-West Germanic *kaupamann, equivalent to koop (“buy, trade”) + man.

De oude stad was vol met drukke kooplui die hun waren aanboden op de markt.

The old city was full of busy merchants offering their goods at the market.

De koopman reisde naar verre landen om exotische goederen te verhandelen.

The trader traveled to distant lands to trade exotic goods.

In de middeleeuwen speelden de koopmannen een cruciale rol bij de ontwikkeling van de handel.

In the Middle Ages, the merchants played a crucial role in the development of trade.

De rijke koopman investeerde in verschillende bedrijven om zijn rijkdom te vergroten.

The wealthy merchantman invested in various businesses to increase his wealth.


voorzetten

voorzetten (infinitive)
voorzetten (gerund neuter)
zet voor (first-person main-clause present singular)
zette voor (first-person main-clause past singular)
voorzet (first-person present singular subordinate-clause)
voorzette (first-person past singular subordinate-clause)
zet voor (main-clause present second-person singular)
zette voor (main-clause past second-person singular)
voorzet (present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
voorzette (past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
zet voor (formal main-clause present second-person singular)
zette voor (formal main-clause past second-person singular)
voorzet (formal present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
voorzette (formal past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
zet voor (Flanders colloquial main-clause present second-person singular)
zet voor (archaic formal main-clause majestic present second-person singular)
zette voor (Flanders colloquial main-clause past second-person singular)
zette voor (archaic formal main-clause majestic past second-person singular)
voorzet (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
voorzet (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
voorzette (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
voorzette (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
zet voor (main-clause present singular third-person)
zette voor (main-clause past singular third-person)
voorzet (present singular subordinate-clause third-person)
voorzette (past singular subordinate-clause third-person)
zetten voor (main-clause plural present)
zetten voor (main-clause past plural)
voorzetten (plural present subordinate-clause)
voorzetten (past plural subordinate-clause)
zette voor (archaic main-clause present singular subjunctive)
zette voor (archaic main-clause past singular subjunctive)
voorzette (archaic present singular subjunctive subordinate-clause)
voorzette (archaic past singular subjunctive subordinate-clause)
zetten voor (archaic main-clause plural present subjunctive)
zetten voor (archaic main-clause past plural subjunctive)
voorzetten (archaic plural present subjunctive subordinate-clause)
voorzetten (archaic past plural subjunctive subordinate-clause)
zet voor (imperative main-clause present singular)
zet voor (archaic imperative main-clause plural present)
voorzettend (main-clause participle present)
voorgezet (main-clause participle past)

Negerhollands: set voor

From voor (“before, in front”) + zetten (“to set”).


lans

nl-noun

lans m or f (plural lansen, diminutive lansje n)

lansen (plural)
lansje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: lants, lanzet

→ Saramaccan: lánza

From Middle Dutch lance, from Middle French lance, from Old French lance, from Latin lancea.


kolonel

kolonel m (plural kolonels, diminutive kolonelletje n)

kolonels (plural)
kolonelletje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kolonel

First attested 1548, from Middle French coronel, from Italian colonnello (“the officer of a small company of soldiers (column) that marched at the head of a regiment”), from compagna colonnella (“little column company”), from Latin columna (“pillar”), originally a collateral form of columen, contraction culmen (“a pillar, top, crown, summit”), o-grade form from a Proto-Indo-European *kʷel- (“going around”).


markies

nl-noun

markies m (plural markiezen, diminutive markiesje n)

markiezen (plural)
markiesje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch marchijs, from Old French marquis, from Italian marchese.


tuinman

tuinman m (plural tuinmannen, diminutive tuinmannetje n, feminine tuinvrouw)

tuinmannen (plural)
tuinmannetje (diminutive neuter)
tuinvrouw (feminine)

Afrikaans: tuinman


jager

jager m (plural jagers, diminutive jagertje n, feminine jaagster)

jagers (plural)
jagertje (diminutive neuter)
jaagster (feminine)

→ Lokono: jagernu

→ Papiamentu: jager (dated)

From Middle Dutch jager, from Old Dutch jageri. Equivalent to jagen + -er.

(aviation, military) fighter, combat aeroplane

(military) jaeger, light infantry rifleman, ranger

skua, any bird of the genus Stercorarius


zuipen

zuipen (infinitive)
zuipen (gerund neuter)
zuip (first-person present singular)
zoop (first-person past singular)
zuipt (present second-person singular)
zuip (present second-person singular)
zoop (past second-person singular)
zuipt (formal present second-person singular)
zoop (formal past second-person singular)
zuipt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
zuipt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
zoopt (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
zoopt (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
zuipt (present singular third-person)
zoop (past singular third-person)
zuipen (plural present)
zopen (past plural)
zuipe (archaic present singular subjunctive)
zope (archaic past singular subjunctive)
zuipen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
zopen (archaic past plural subjunctive)
zuip (imperative present singular)
zuipt (archaic imperative plural present)
zuipend (participle present)
gezopen (participle past)

Afrikaans: suip

→ Saramaccan: zoin

From Middle Dutch supen, from Old Dutch *sūpan, from Proto-Germanic *sūpaną.

Nu zuipt hij nog volop, maar wacht tot hij morgen wakker wordt!

Now he's still swigging like crazy, but wait until he wakes up tomorrow morning!


aanvoerder

aanvoerder m (plural aanvoerders, diminutive aanvoerdertje n, feminine aanvoerster)

aanvoerders (plural)
aanvoerdertje (diminutive neuter)
aanvoerster (feminine)

Jens Toornstra is de nieuwe aanvoerder van Feyenoord.

Jens Toornstra is the new captain of Feyenoord.


surfen

surfen (infinitive)
surfen (gerund neuter)
surf (first-person present singular)
surfte (first-person past singular)
surft (present second-person singular)
surf (present second-person singular)
surfte (past second-person singular)
surft (formal present second-person singular)
surfte (formal past second-person singular)
surft (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
surft (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
surfte (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
surfte (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
surft (present singular third-person)
surfte (past singular third-person)
surfen (plural present)
surften (past plural)
surfe (archaic present singular subjunctive)
surfte (archaic past singular subjunctive)
surfen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
surften (archaic past plural subjunctive)
surf (imperative present singular)
surft (archaic imperative plural present)
surfend (participle present)
gesurft (participle past)


vegetarisch

vegetarisch (adverbial positive predicative)
vegetarische (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
vegetarisch (indefinite neuter positive singular)
vegetarische (indefinite plural positive)
vegetarische (definite positive)
vegetarisch (partitive positive)

Formed from the noun vegetariër (“vegetarian”) + -isch

vegetarian (relating to the type of diet eaten by vegetarians)


kapitein

kapitein m (plural kapiteins, diminutive kapiteintje n)

kapiteins (plural)
kapiteintje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kaptein

Berbice Creole Dutch: kaptin

Negerhollands: kapitein, captein

→ Lokono: kapitan

→ Aukan: kabiten

→ Caribbean Javanese: kaptèn

desctree

→ Indonesian: kapten
→ Min Nan: 甲丁 (kap-teng, “captain”)

→ Kwinti: kapte

→ Min Nan: 甲必丹 (kap-pit-tan)

→ Sranan Tongo: kapten

→ Kari'na: kapiteni

→ Trió: kapitein

From Middle Dutch capitein, from Old French capitaine, from Medieval Latin capitāneus.


kanon

nl-noun

kanon n (plural kanonnen or kanons, diminutive kanonnetje n)

kanonnen (plural)
kanons (plural)
kanonnetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kanon

→ Indonesian: kanon

→ Japanese: カノン

→ Sranan Tongo: kanu, kanun, kanon

→ Saramaccan: kanú

→ West Frisian: kanon

Borrowed from Middle French canon, from Italian cannone.


poedel

poedel m (plural poedels, diminutive poedeltje n)

poedels (plural)
poedeltje (diminutive neuter)

(archaic, chiefly ball games) a miss; a throw or shot that misses the goal or target


drinkebroer

drinkebroer m (plural drinkebroers, diminutive drinkebroertje n)

drinkebroers (plural)
drinkebroertje (diminutive neuter)

one who tends to drink a lot of alcohol, a drinker, possibly a drunkard, alcoholic


alcoholicus

alcoholicus m (plural alcoholici, feminine alcoholica)

alcoholici (plural)
alcoholica (feminine)


schilder

schilder m (plural schilders, diminutive schildertje n, feminine schilderes)

schilders (plural)
schildertje (diminutive neuter)
schilderes (feminine)

Afrikaans: skilder

Negerhollands: skilder

→ Papiamentu: skilder (dated)

→ West Frisian: skilder

From Middle Dutch schildere. Equivalent to schild + -er.


kroontjespen

kroontjespen f (plural kroontjespennen, diminutive kroontjespennetje n)

kroontjespennen (plural)
kroontjespennetje (diminutive neuter)


peuter

peuter m (plural peuters, diminutive peutertje n)

peuters (plural)
peutertje (diminutive neuter)

a toddler, preschooler, small child, little shaver, small fry, tyke, tot


journaliste

journaliste f (plural journalistes, masculine journalist)

journalistes (plural)
journalist (masculine)


uitgever

uitgever m (plural uitgevers, diminutive uitgevertje n)

uitgevers (plural)
uitgevertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: uitgewer


belofteploeg

belofteploeg m (plural belofteploegen, diminutive belofteploegje n)

belofteploegen (plural)
belofteploegje (diminutive neuter)

From belofte (“promise”) + ploeg (“team”).

(soccer) a team of young promising players


LHB

Initialism of lesbiennes, homo's en biseksuelen; the LGB umbrella


vertegenwoordiger

vertegenwoordiger m (plural vertegenwoordigers, diminutive vertegenwoordigertje n, feminine vertegenwoordigster)

vertegenwoordigers (plural)
vertegenwoordigertje (diminutive neuter)
vertegenwoordigster (feminine)


garibaldi

garibaldi m (plural garibaldi's, diminutive garibaldietje n)

garibaldi's (plural)
garibaldietje (diminutive neuter)


vertaalster

vertaalster f (plural vertaalsters, diminutive vertaalstertje n, masculine vertaler)

vertaalsters (plural)
vertaalstertje (diminutive neuter)
vertaler (masculine)


schoonvader

schoonvader m (plural schoonvaders, diminutive schoonvadertje n)

schoonvaders (plural)
schoonvadertje (diminutive neuter)

From schoon + vader, calque of Middle French beau-pere.


gravin

gravin f (plural gravinnen, diminutive gravinnetje n, masculine graaf)

gravinnen (plural)
gravinnetje (diminutive neuter)
graaf (masculine)

Afrikaans: gravin

From Middle Dutch grâvinne. Equivalent to graaf + -in.


drager

drager m (plural dragers, diminutive dragertje n, feminine draagster)

dragers (plural)
dragertje (diminutive neuter)
draagster (feminine)

From Middle Dutch dragere. Equivalent to dragen + -er.

a wearer, one who wears something, like an article of clothing


klinker

klinker m (plural klinkers, diminutive klinkertje n)

klinkers (plural)
klinkertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: klinker

→ West Frisian: klinker

From earlier klincker, equivalent to klinken + -er, short for klinckletter (“sounding-letter”), a calque of Latin littera vocālis (“sounding-letter”). Compare Middle Dutch clinker (“announcer, crier”).

cog

(uncommon, orthography) vowel letter (character that designates a vowel)


Fransman

nl-noun

Fransman m (plural Fransen or Fransmannen, diminutive Fransmannetje n, feminine Française or Franse)

Fransen (plural)
Fransmannen (plural)
Fransmannetje (diminutive neuter)
Française (feminine)
Franse (feminine)

→ Betawi: *prasman

Indonesian: prasmanan

→ Caribbean Javanese: Prasman

→ Munsee: pulánshumaan

→ Unami: Pëlanshëman


linnen

linnen n (plural linnens, diminutive linnentje n)

linnens (plural)
linnentje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: linnen

→ Indonesian: linen

→ Papiamentu: linnen (dated)

From Middle Dutch linijn, originally an adjective. Equivalent to lijn + -en.

(uncountable) linen, a cloth made from flax


linnen

linnen (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
linnen (indefinite neuter positive singular)
linnen (indefinite plural positive)
linnen (definite positive)

Afrikaans: linne


Indonesiër

Indonesiër m (plural Indonesiërs, diminutive Indonesiërtje n, feminine Indonesische)

Indonesiërs (plural)
Indonesiërtje (diminutive neuter)
Indonesische (feminine)

Indonesian, a person from and/or living in Indonesia


sandaal

sandaal f (plural sandalen, diminutive sandaaltje n)

sandalen (plural)
sandaaltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: sandaal

→ Caribbean Javanese: sandhal, srandhal

→ Indonesian: sandal

→ Ternate: sandal

→ West Frisian: sandaal

Borrowed from Middle French sandale, from Old French sandale, from Latin sandalium, from Ancient Greek σανδάλιον (sandálion).


Mattias

Ultimately from Matthiās, from Koine Greek Ματθίας (Matthías) &c., from Hebrew מַתִּתְיָהוּ (Mattiṯyāhū), from מַתָּנַת (“gift, reward”) + יהוה (“YHWH, God”). Doublet of Matthijs and Matteüs. Compare French Matthieu and Matthias.

der

מַתִּתְיָהוּ

Hebrew מַתִּתְיָהוּ (Mattiṯyāhū)


speelvogel

nl-noun

speelvogel m (plural speelvogels, diminutive speelvogeltje n)

speelvogels (plural)
speelvogeltje (diminutive neuter)

From spelen (“to play”) + vogel (“bird”).

2015, Jan Verplaetse & Charles Delmotte, Ethiek en rechtsfilosofie. Basisboek, Maklu (publ.), page 72.
Zijn een grapjas en een speelvogel minder vrij dan een ernstige muziekliefhebber?

Are a japester and a playful person less free than a serious music lover?

(Belgium) a person with a very playful nature


Paulus

From Middle Dutch Paulus, from Latin Paulus.

a male given name, now rare in this form.


zanger

zanger m (plural zangers, diminutive zangertje n, feminine zangeres)

zangers (plural)
zangertje (diminutive neuter)
zangeres (feminine)

Afrikaans: sanger

From Middle Dutch sanger. Equivalent to zang (“singing, song”) + -er.


zangeres

zangeres f (plural zangeressen, diminutive zangeresje n, masculine zanger)

zangeressen (plural)
zangeresje (diminutive neuter)
zanger (masculine)


zwembroek

zwembroek f or m (plural zwembroeken, diminutive zwembroekje n)

zwembroeken (plural)
zwembroekje (diminutive neuter)

From zwemmen (“to swim”) + broek (“trousers, pants, shorts”).

compound

a pair of swimming trunks, shorts or briefs worn for swimming or bathing


verlegen

nl-adj

verlegen (comparative verlegener, superlative verlegenst)

verlegener (comparative)
verlegenst (superlative)
verlegen (adverbial positive predicative)
verlegener (adverbial comparative predicative)
het verlegenst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het verlegenste (adverbial predicative superlative)
verlegen (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
verlegener (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
verlegenste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
verlegen (indefinite neuter positive singular)
verlegener (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
verlegenste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
verlegen (indefinite plural positive)
verlegener (comparative indefinite plural)
verlegenste (indefinite plural superlative)
verlegen (definite positive)
verlegener (comparative definite)
verlegenste (definite superlative)
verlegens (partitive positive)
verlegeners (comparative partitive)

Negerhollands: verlegen, verleegen

Petjo: ferlehen

→ Sranan Tongo: ferleigi

From Middle Dutch verleghen (“weakened, spoilt”), past participle of Middle Dutch verliggen (“to lie wrong, be stuck, whither away”). By surface analysis, ver- + liggen.

m+

De peuter was verlegen en verborg zich achter zijn ouders.

The toddler was shy and hid behind his parents.


Nederlander

nl-noun

Nederlander m (plural Nederlanders, diminutive Nederlandertje n, feminine Nederlandse)

Nederlanders (plural)
Nederlandertje (diminutive neuter)
Nederlandse (feminine)

(history) inhabitant of the Low Countries, roughly including present Dutchmen, Belgians and Luxemburgers


pikant

nl-adj

pikant (comparative pikanter, superlative pikantst)

pikanter (comparative)
pikantst (superlative)
pikant (adverbial positive predicative)
pikanter (adverbial comparative predicative)
het pikantst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het pikantste (adverbial predicative superlative)
pikante (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
pikantere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
pikantste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
pikant (indefinite neuter positive singular)
pikanter (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
pikantste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
pikante (indefinite plural positive)
pikantere (comparative indefinite plural)
pikantste (indefinite plural superlative)
pikante (definite positive)
pikantere (comparative definite)
pikantste (definite superlative)
pikants (partitive positive)
pikanters (comparative partitive)


monnik

nl-noun

monnik m (plural monniken, diminutive monnikje n)

monniken (plural)
monnikje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: monnik

From Middle Dutch monic, from Old Dutch *monik, from Proto-West Germanic *munik. Compare German Mönch, English monk, West Frisian muonts.


hoen

hoen n (plural hoenders or hoenderen or hoenen, diminutive hoentje n)

hoenders (plural)
hoenderen (plural)
hoenen (plural)
hoentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hoender

desc

Negerhollands: hoener, hundu, hunder, hun

→ Virgin Islands Creole: hundu (dated)

From Middle Dutch hoen, from Old Dutch *huon, from Proto-West Germanic *hōn, from Proto-Germanic *hōną. Cognate with German Huhn, Low German Hohn.

De jagers gingen op pad om de patrijzen, ook wel hoenders genoemd, te vangen.

The hunters went out to catch the partridges, also known as hoenders.

Deze regio staat bekend om de overvloed aan wilde hoenders voor de jacht.

This region is known for the abundance of wild partridges for hunting.


keu

nl-noun

keu f or m (plural keuen or keus, diminutive keutje n)

keuen (plural)
keus (plural)
keutje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowing from French queue (“tail, queue, cue”).


venter

venter m (plural venters, diminutive ventertje n)

venters (plural)
ventertje (diminutive neuter)

a vendor, peddler, door-to-door salesman


moordenaar

moordenaar m (plural moordenaars, diminutive moordenaartje n, feminine moordenares or moordenaarster)

moordenaars (plural)
moordenaartje (diminutive neuter)
moordenares (feminine)
moordenaarster (feminine)

Afrikaans: moordenaar

Negerhollands: moordenaar

From Middle Dutch mordenare. Equivalent to moorden (“to kill”) + -aar (“-er”).

De politie heeft de moordenaar opgepakt en voor de rechtbank gebracht.

The police arrested the murderer and brought him to court.


parapluverkoper

parapluverkoper m (plural parapluverkopers, diminutive parapluverkopertje n)

parapluverkopers (plural)
parapluverkopertje (diminutive neuter)


dwangbuis

dwangbuis n or f (plural dwangbuizen, diminutive dwangbuisje n)

dwangbuizen (plural)
dwangbuisje (diminutive neuter)

From dwang (“coercion, constraint”) + buis (“a tight type of jacket”).


bolhoed

nl-noun

bolhoed m (plural bolhoeden, diminutive bolhoedje n)

bolhoeden (plural)
bolhoedje (diminutive neuter)


metonymia

metonymia f (plural metonymia's, diminutive metonymiaatje n)

metonymia's (plural)
metonymiaatje (diminutive neuter)

From Late Latin metonymia, from Ancient Greek μετωνυμίᾱ (metōnumíā, “change of name”), from μετά (metá, “other”) + ὄνομα (ónoma, “name”).

der

(literature) a metaphor by which an inclusive term stands for something included, or vice versa; a metaphor in which a part is spoken of as the whole (hand for laborer) or vice-versa (the court for the judge)


Nederlandse

nl-noun

Nederlandse f (uncountable, masculine Nederlander)

Dutchwoman, Dutch female (from the Netherlands)


Afghaan

Afghaan m (plural Afghanen, diminutive Afghaantje n, feminine Afghaanse)

Afghanen (plural)
Afghaantje (diminutive neuter)
Afghaanse (feminine)

Afghan (person from Afghanistan, person of Afghan ethnicity)


Afghaanse

Afghaanse f (plural Afghaansen, masculine Afghaan)

female Afghan (woman from Afghanisation or of Afghan ethnicity or descent)


dubbelpunt

dubbelpunt n (plural dubbelpunten, diminutive dubbelpuntje n)

dubbelpunten (plural)
dubbelpuntje (diminutive neuter)


Zweedse

Zweedse f (plural Zweedsen, masculine Zweed)


Tsjech

Tsjech m (plural Tsjechen, diminutive Tsjechje n, feminine Tsjechische)

Tsjechen (plural)
Tsjechje (diminutive neuter)
Tsjechische (feminine)


Tsjechische

Tsjechische f (plural Tsjechischen, masculine Tsjech)

Tsjechischen (plural)
Tsjech (masculine)

Czech (female person from the Czech Republic)


mineraalwater

mineraalwater n (plural mineraalwaters, diminutive mineraalwatertje n)

mineraalwaters (plural)
mineraalwatertje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of mineraal (“mineral”) + water (“water”).

(uncountable) mineral water (especially bottled)


kakkerlak

kakkerlak m (plural kakkerlakken, diminutive kakkerlakje n)

kakkerlakken (plural)
kakkerlakje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kakkerlak

Berbice Creole Dutch: kakalaka

Negerhollands: kakerlaker, kakelak

desc

→ Virgin Islands Creole: kakalaka, kakaroachee (dated)

Skepi Creole Dutch: kakalaka

→ Lokono: kakalaka

→ Aukan: kakaaka

→ Caribbean Hindustani: calcattá

→ Danish: kakerlak

→ Indonesian: kakerlak

→ Papiamentu: kakalaka

→ Sranan Tongo: kakalaka

→ Saramaccan: ahalakpákpa

From kacker, a contemptuous term derived from kakken (“to shit, defecate”), and lacker (“talker, freeloader”), from likken (“to lick”), confused with an unrelated early Portuguese form cacalacca designating the insect. The Portuguese word has in turn been argued to be derived from a Caribbean word, which Spanish cucaracha and hence Englich cockroach also originate from.‘

(soccer, colloquial, often derogatory) supporter of Feyenoord


meid

nl-noun

meid f (plural meiden, diminutive meisje n or meiske n or meidje n)

meiden (plural)
meisje (diminutive neuter)
meiske (diminutive neuter)
meidje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: meti

Petjo: meid

From Middle Dutch meit, variant of meget, from Old Dutch *megith, *magath, from Proto-Germanic *magaþs. Doublet of maagd.

De meiden hadden afgelopen zaterdag een zwemwedstrijd.

The girls had a swimming match last Saturday.

Goed gedaan, meid!


verpleegster

verpleegster f (plural verpleegsters, diminutive verpleegstertje n, masculine verpleger)

verpleegsters (plural)
verpleegstertje (diminutive neuter)
verpleger (masculine)

From verplegen (“to nurse”) + -ster (“-eress”).


bompa

nl-noun

bompa m (plural bompa's, diminutive bompaatje n)

bompa's (plural)
bompaatje (diminutive neuter)


nonkel

nonkel m (plural nonkels, diminutive nonkeltje n)

nonkels (plural)
nonkeltje (diminutive neuter)

From French oncle, with a prothetic n- via metanalysis, from den onkel and other pronominal and adjectival forms with masculine -en in spoken Flemish.

(Belgium) uncle (brother of someone’s father or mother)


suikeroom

suikeroom m (plural suikerooms, diminutive suikeroompje n)

suikerooms (plural)
suikeroompje (diminutive neuter)

a wealthy uncle who is generous or whose fortune one expects to inherit


specerij

specerij f (plural specerijen, diminutive specerijtje n)

specerijen (plural)
specerijtje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: specery

→ Papiamentu: speserei, specerij

From Middle Dutch specerie, from Old French espicerie. Compare English spicery.


tulband

tulband m (plural tulbanden, diminutive tulbandje n)

tulbanden (plural)
tulbandje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: tulband

→ Estonian: tulp

→ German: Tulpe

→ Latvian: tulpe

→ Lithuanian: tulpė

Borrowed from Turkish tülbent, from Ottoman Turkish دلبند (dülbend), from Persian دلبند (dolband). The second element was adapted to band by folk etymology.


watervrees

From water (“water”) + vrees (“fear”). The sense “rabies” came from the sore throat caused by the disease, which led rabids to avoid drinking.

(literally) hydrophobia, aquaphobia, fear of water


hengel

hengel m (plural hengels, diminutive hengeltje n)

hengels (plural)
hengeltje (diminutive neuter)

From hangen + -el, with umlaut; possibly influenced by angel (“stinger, hook”). It is uncertain if the plant name is etymologically identical.


uitvinder

uitvinder m (plural uitvinders, diminutive uitvindertje n)

uitvinders (plural)
uitvindertje (diminutive neuter)


snoer

snoer n (plural snoeren, diminutive snoertje n)

snoeren (plural)
snoertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: snoer

→ Papiamentu: snoer (dated)

From Middle Dutch snoer, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *snōrō, related to *nēaną (“to sew”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)neh₁- (“to spin”).; compare Gothic 𐍃𐌽𐍉𐍂𐌾𐍉 (snōrjō).

der

a necklace (especially one formed by stringing a number of objects, such as beads, together)


snoer

nl-noun

snoer f (plural snoeren, diminutive snoertje n)

From Middle Dutch snoere, from Old Dutch *snura, from Proto-West Germanic *snuʀu.


woest

nl-adj

woest (comparative woester, superlative meest woest or woestst)

woester (comparative)
meest woest (superlative)
woestst (superlative)
woest (adverbial positive predicative)
woester (adverbial comparative predicative)
het woestst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het woestste (adverbial predicative superlative)
woeste (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
woestere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
woestste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
woest (indefinite neuter positive singular)
woester (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
woestste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
woeste (indefinite plural positive)
woestere (comparative indefinite plural)
woestste (indefinite plural superlative)
woeste (definite positive)
woestere (comparative definite)
woestste (definite superlative)
woests (partitive positive)
woesters (comparative partitive)

From Middle Dutch woeste, from Old Dutch wuosti, from Proto-West Germanic *wōstī.

De hooligans waren buitengewoon woest.

The hooligans were exceptionally furious.

(of animals or behavior) wild, savage, feral, ferocious, furious


degen

nl-noun

degen m (plural degens, diminutive degentje n)

degens (plural)
degentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: degen

Negerhollands: deegen

→ Papiamentu: degel (dated)

→ West Frisian: degen

From Middle Dutch degen, from Middle High German degen, itself borrowed from Old French dague (“dagger”).


A diacritical mark of the Latin script, called accent aigu (“acute accent”) in Dutch, and found on Á/á, É/é, Í/í, Ó/ó, Ú/ú, Ý/ý and ÍJ́/íj́.


Septuaginta

Septuagint (ancient translation of the Hebrew Bible into Greek)


ketjap

ketjap m (plural ketjaps, diminutive ketjapje n)

ketjaps (plural)
ketjapje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Peranakan Indonesian ketjap. Compare English ketchup, Kapampangan kesiap. Doublet of ketchup.


juwelier

nl-noun

juwelier m (plural juweliers, diminutive juweliertje n)

juweliers (plural)
juweliertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: juwelier

From Middle French joaillier. Equivalent to juweel + -ier.


vlinderdas

vlinderdas m (plural vlinderdassen, diminutive vlinderdasje n)

vlinderdassen (plural)
vlinderdasje (diminutive neuter)


haakje

→ Papiamentu: haki (dated)

Gebruik van vierkante haakjes

Gebruik van ronde haakjes


keizer

keizer m (plural keizers, diminutive keizertje n, feminine keizerin)

keizers (plural)
keizertje (diminutive neuter)
keizerin (feminine)

Afrikaans: keiser

→ Indonesian: kaisar

Negerhollands: keiser

From Middle Dutch keiser, from Old Dutch keiser, from Proto-Germanic *kaisaraz, from Latin Caesar. Doublet with tsaar (“tsar”).


achterstand

achterstand m (plural achterstanden, diminutive achterstandje n)

achterstanden (plural)
achterstandje (diminutive neuter)

(sports, games) the condition of being behind one's opponent(s); the score or quantity that forms the deficit


echtgenoot

echtgenoot m (plural echtgenoten, diminutive echtgenootje n, feminine echtgenote)

echtgenoten (plural)
echtgenootje (diminutive neuter)
echtgenote (feminine)

Afrikaans: eggenoot

From echt (“wedlock”) + genoot (“partner”).

Mijn echtgenoot en ik vieren binnenkort ons 25-jarig huwelijksjubileum.

My husband and I will soon celebrate our 25th wedding anniversary.

Ze is al veertig jaar gelukkig getrouwd met haar echtgenoot.

She has been happily married to her husband for forty years.

De rechten en plichten van een echtgenoot zijn wettelijk vastgelegd.

The rights and duties of a spouse are legally defined.


Italiaanse

Italiaanse f (plural Italiaansen, masculine Italiaan)

Italiaansen (plural)
Italiaan (masculine)


Italiaan

Italiaan m (plural Italianen, diminutive Italiaantje n, feminine Italiaanse)

Italianen (plural)
Italiaantje (diminutive neuter)
Italiaanse (feminine)

From Middle Dutch italiaen. Equivalent to Italië (“Italy”) + -aan (“-an”).


schoonzuster

schoonzuster f (plural schoonzusters, diminutive schoonzustertje n)

schoonzusters (plural)
schoonzustertje (diminutive neuter)

From schoon + zuster, calque of Middle French belle-soeur.

sister-in-law (brother's wife or spouse's sister)


schoonzoon

schoonzoon m (plural schoonzonen, diminutive schoonzoontje n)

schoonzonen (plural)
schoonzoontje (diminutive neuter)

In enkele culturen die nog bruidsverkoop beoefenen moet een schoonzoon soms voor haar familie werken om zijn vrouw te verdienen.

In a few cultures still practicing the sale of brides, a son-in-law may have to work for her family to earn his wife.

son-in-law (male partner of one's child)


schoondochter

schoondochter f (plural schoondochters, diminutive schoondochtertje n)

schoondochters (plural)
schoondochtertje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: skoon-dogter


kaneel

Negerhollands: kaneel

→ Virgin Islands Creole: caneel

→ Papiamentu: kané

→ Sranan Tongo: kaneri

→ Caribbean Hindustani: kaneri

From Middle Dutch caneel, from Old French canele, a diminutive that ultimately derives from Latin canna (“reed”).


sikker

nl-adj

sikker (comparative sikkerder, superlative sikkerst)

sikkerder (comparative)
sikkerst (superlative)
sikker (adverbial positive predicative)
sikkerder (adverbial comparative predicative)
het sikkerst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het sikkerste (adverbial predicative superlative)
sikkere (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
sikkerdere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
sikkerste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
sikker (indefinite neuter positive singular)
sikkerder (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
sikkerste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
sikkere (indefinite plural positive)
sikkerdere (comparative indefinite plural)
sikkerste (indefinite plural superlative)
sikkere (definite positive)
sikkerdere (comparative definite)
sikkerste (definite superlative)
sikkers (partitive positive)
sikkerders (comparative partitive)

Borrowed from Yiddish שיכּור (shiker), from Hebrew שִׁיכֺּור (šikkōr).


Zoeloe

nl-noun

Zoeloe m (plural Zoeloes, diminutive Zoeloetje n)

Zoeloes (plural)
Zoeloetje (diminutive neuter)

Sjaka, de stichter van het rijk der Zoeloes, was een groot veldheer die een terreurregime vestigde door massaslachtingen en zowel weerspannige Zoeloes als andere tegenstanders levend liet spietsen.

Shaka, the founder of the Zulus' empire, was a great general who established a rule of terror by massive killings and ordered both refractory Zulus and other opponents empaled alive.


Gideon

Ultimately from Biblical Hebrew גִּדְעוֹן (“smasher, feller”), perhaps influenced by Latin Gedeon, from Ancient Greek Γεδεων (Gedeōn).


componist

nl-noun

componist m (plural componisten, diminutive componistje n, feminine componiste)

componisten (plural)
componistje (diminutive neuter)
componiste (feminine)

Afrikaans: komponis

→ Indonesian: komponis

Borrowed from German Komponist. Equivalent to componeren + -ist.


dronk

dronk m (plural dronken, diminutive dronkje n)

dronken (plural)
dronkje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch dronc, from Old Dutch *drunc, from Proto-Germanic *drunkiz (“drink”). More at drink.


Petrus

Negerhollands: Pitrus, Petrus

From Middle Dutch Petrus, from Latin Petrus, from Ancient Greek Πέτρος (Pétros), from πέτρος (pétros, “rock, stone”), as a name a loan translation of Aramaic כֵּיפָא (“stone, rock; Peter, Cephas”).

der

(biblical) Simon Peter, Cephas (Biblical character, early Christian leader)


katoen

From Middle Dutch catoen, from older cotoen, from Old French coton, from Old Italian cotone, from Arabic قُطُن (quṭun).


hofleverancier

nl-noun

hofleverancier m (plural hofleveranciers, diminutive hofleveranciertje n)

hofleveranciers (plural)
hofleveranciertje (diminutive neuter)

From hof (“court”) + leverancier (“supplier”).

compound

(title) royal purveyor – purveyor to the royal household


kalksteen

nl-noun

kalksteen m (plural kalkstenen, diminutive kalksteentje n)

kalkstenen (plural)
kalksteentje (diminutive neuter)


broos

broos f (plural brozen, diminutive broosje n)

brozen (plural)
broosje (diminutive neuter)


Amerikaan

Amerikaan m (plural Amerikanen, diminutive Amerikaantje n, feminine Amerikaanse)

Amerikanen (plural)
Amerikaantje (diminutive neuter)
Amerikaanse (feminine)

Negerhollands: amerikanner

→? Sranan Tongo: Amerkan

→ Caribbean Javanese: Mirkan

an American (person born in or citizen of the USA or the Americas)


encyclopedie

encyclopedie m (plural encyclopedieën, diminutive encyclopedietje n)

encyclopedieën (plural)
encyclopedietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ensiklopedie

→ Indonesian: ènsiklopèdi

Borrowed from French encyclopédie, from Middle French [Term?], from New Latin encyclopaedīa, from a univerbated form of Koine Greek ἐγκύκλιος παιδείᾱ (enkúklios paideíā, “education in the circle of arts and sciences”), from ἐγκύκλιος (enkúklios, “circular”) + παιδείᾱ (paideíā, “child-rearing, education”).

der

ἐγκύκλιος παιδείᾱ

encyclopedia (comprehensive work of reference with articles on a range of topics, in one field or even all fields)


turkoois

nl-noun

turkoois n or m (plural turkooizen, diminutive turkooisje n)

turkooizen (plural)
turkooisje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle French Turquoise, from Old French (pierre) turqueise (“Turkish (stone)”). The stone was originally brought to Europe from Turkestan.


weduwnaar

nl-noun

weduwnaar m (plural weduwnaars or weduwnaren, diminutive weduwnaartje n, feminine weduwe)

weduwnaars (plural)
weduwnaren (plural)
weduwnaartje (diminutive neuter)
weduwe (feminine)

Afrikaans: wewenaar

Jersey Dutch: wanor

Negerhollands: weduwer

→ Caribbean Hindustani: widhur

From Middle Dutch weduwenaer. Equivalent to weduwe (“widow”) + -aar.


grootouder

grootouder m (plural grootouders, diminutive grootoudertje n)

grootouders (plural)
grootoudertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: grootouer

From groot- (“grand-”) + ouder (“parent”), calque of French grand-parent or by analogy of grootvader and grootmoeder.

grandparent, a parent of someone's parent


psychiater

psychiater m (plural psychiaters, diminutive psychiatertje n)

psychiaters (plural)
psychiatertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: psikiater

psychiatrist (doctor specializing in psychiatry)


bewaker

bewaker m (plural bewakers, diminutive bewakertje n)

bewakers (plural)
bewakertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: bewaker


romancier

romancier m (plural romanciers, diminutive romanciertje n)

romanciers (plural)
romanciertje (diminutive neuter)


bivakmuts

bivakmuts f (plural bivakmutsen, diminutive bivakmutsje n)

bivakmutsen (plural)
bivakmutsje (diminutive neuter)


onderbroek

onderbroek f (plural onderbroeken, diminutive onderbroekje n)

onderbroeken (plural)
onderbroekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: onderbroek

→ Sranan Tongo: ondrobruku (calque)

→ Aukan: ondoo buuku

→ West Frisian: ûnderbroek (calque)

From onder (“under”) + broek (“trousers”). Attested since the seventeenth century.

Hij haalde een schone onderboek uit de la.

He took clean underpants from the drawer.

a pair of undershorts, underpants or pants (underwear for any sex or gender), short or long johns which can be worn under trousers and directly on the skin of lower limbs and private parts


bakker

bakker m (plural bakkers, diminutive bakkertje n, feminine bakster or bakkerin)

bakkers (plural)
bakkertje (diminutive neuter)
bakster (feminine)
bakkerin (feminine)

Afrikaans: bakker

→ Caribbean Hindustani: bákrimán

→ Sranan Tongo: bakri

From Middle Dutch backer, from Old Dutch *bakar, *baker, from Proto-Germanic *bakārijaz.

baker (person who bakes and sells bread, etc)


achterwerk

achterwerk n (plural achterwerken, diminutive achterwerkje n)

achterwerken (plural)
achterwerkje (diminutive neuter)

(fashion, obsolete, often diminutive) decorative lacework


claustrofobie

claustrofobie f (plural claustrofobieën, diminutive claustrofobietje n)

claustrofobieën (plural)
claustrofobietje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French claustrophobie. Formed from Latin claustrum (“a shut in place”), from claudere (“to close”) + Ancient Greek φόβος (phóbos, “fear”).


bobslee

bobslee f (plural bobsleeën, diminutive bobsleetje n)

bobsleeën (plural)
bobsleetje (diminutive neuter)

From bob + slee (“sled”), calque of English bobsleigh.

(winter sports) bobsleigh, bobsled, a sled used for the homonymous sport


buurjongen

buurjongen m (plural buurjongens, diminutive buurjongetje n)

buurjongens (plural)
buurjongetje (diminutive neuter)


polygamie

From Latin polygamia, from Ancient Greek πολυγαμία (polugamía).


aromatisch

nl-adj

aromatisch (comparative aromatischer, superlative meest aromatisch or aromatischt)

aromatischer (comparative)
meest aromatisch (superlative)
aromatischt (superlative)
aromatisch (adverbial positive predicative)
aromatischer (adverbial comparative predicative)
het aromatischt (adverbial predicative superlative)
het aromatischte (adverbial predicative superlative)
aromatische (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
aromatischere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
aromatischte (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
aromatisch (indefinite neuter positive singular)
aromatischer (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
aromatischte (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
aromatische (indefinite plural positive)
aromatischere (comparative indefinite plural)
aromatischte (indefinite plural superlative)
aromatische (definite positive)
aromatischere (comparative definite)
aromatischte (definite superlative)
aromatisch (partitive positive)
aromatischers (comparative partitive)


Friese

nl-noun

Friese f (plural Friesen, masculine Fries)


Russin

Russin f (plural Russinnen, diminutive Russinnetje n, masculine Rus)

Russinnen (plural)
Russinnetje (diminutive neuter)
Rus (masculine)


gambiet

gambiet n (plural gambieten, diminutive gambietje n)

gambieten (plural)
gambietje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French gambit, from Spanish gambito, from Italian gambetto (“gambit, trip”), from gamba (“leg”), from Latin gamba (“calf”).


Deen

Deen m (plural Denen, diminutive Deentje n, feminine Deense)

Denen (plural)
Deentje (diminutive neuter)
Deense (feminine)

Negerhollands: Deen

From Middle Dutch Dene, from Old Dutch *Deni, from Proto-Germanic *daniz.

Dane (person from Denmark or of Danish descent)


pianiste

pianiste f (plural pianisten or pianistes, diminutive pianistetje n, masculine pianist)

pianisten (plural)
pianistes (plural)
pianistetje (diminutive neuter)
pianist (masculine)


rozemarijn

rozemarijn m (plural rozemarijnen, diminutive rozemarijntje n)

rozemarijnen (plural)
rozemarijntje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: roosmaryn

→ Papiamentu: rósamarein

Borrowed from Middle French rosmarin, from Old French rosmarin, from Latin rōsmarīnus. Secondarily influenced by roos (“rose”), for which compare English rosemary.

Salvia rosmarinus
Salvia rosmarinus#Translingual

Rosmarinus officinalis
Rosmarinus officinalis#Translingual

(chiefly uncountable, countable) rosemary plant (Salvia rosmarinus syn. Rosmarinus officinalis)


vrek

vrek m (plural vrekken, diminutive vrekje n)

vrekken (plural)
vrekje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch vrec, vrek (“miserly; miser”), from Old Dutch *frek, from Proto-West Germanic *frek, from Proto-Germanic *frekaz. Originally an adjective, but substantivised in early Middle Dutch at the latest. Cognate to German frech (Old High German freh), Old English frec.

Boer Munte is een vreselijke vrek, die zijn zoon snoep noch speelgoed gunt.

Farmer Coyn is a terrible miser, who lets his son have candy nor toys.


handschoen

handschoen m (plural handschoenen, diminutive handschoentje n)

handschoenen (plural)
handschoentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: handskoen
→ Sotho: hanskunu

Negerhollands: hansko, hantskuen

→ Indonesian: handschoen

→ Indonesian: sarung tangan (calque)

→ Papiamentu: hanskun, handschoen

From Middle Dutch antscoen, hantscoe, from Old Dutch *hantscuoh, from Proto-West Germanic *handuskōh. Equivalent to hand + schoen (“shoe, cover”). Cognate with German Handschuh.


kelner

kelner m (plural kelners, diminutive kelnertje n, feminine kelnerin or serveerster)

kelners (plural)
kelnertje (diminutive neuter)
kelnerin (feminine)
serveerster (feminine)

De kelner bracht onze drankjes.

Kun je de kelner vragen om de rekening?

De kelners in dat restaurant zijn altijd erg vriendelijk.

The waiters in that restaurant are always very friendly.

waiter (a server in a restaurant or similar)


artiest

artiest m (plural artiesten, diminutive artiestje n, feminine artieste)

artiesten (plural)
artiestje (diminutive neuter)
artieste (feminine)

From Middle Dutch artiste, from Medieval Latin artista.


gaffel

gaffel f or m (plural gaffels, diminutive gaffeltje n)

gaffels (plural)
gaffeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gaffel

(hunting, anatomy) a two-pronged antler of a two-year-old stag


tabak

tabak m (plural tabakken, diminutive tabakje n)

tabakken (plural)
tabakje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: tabak

Berbice Creole Dutch: tobaku

Jersey Dutch: tebāk

Negerhollands: tobak, tubak

→ Caribbean Hindustani: tamáku

→ Saramaccan: tabáku

→ West Frisian: tabak

(chiefly uncountable) tobacco, the product made from leaves of certain of its varieties, to be smoked in cigars etc., sniffed or chewed


muleta

muleta f or m (plural muleta's, diminutive muletaatje n)

muleta's (plural)
muletaatje (diminutive neuter)

(bullfighting) muleta (red flag used by toreadors)


muzikant

muzikant m (plural muzikanten, diminutive muzikantje n)

muzikanten (plural)
muzikantje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: muziekant (dated)

First attested in the early 17th century. Compare German Musikant.

musician (a person who plays or sings music)


musicus

musicus m (plural musici, diminutive musicusje n)

musici (plural)
musicusje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: musikus

→ Indonesian: musikus

→ Indonesian: musisi (from the plural)

Borrowed from Latin mūsicus, from Ancient Greek μουσικός (mousikós).


geweer

geweer n (plural geweren, diminutive geweertje n)

geweren (plural)
geweertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: geweer

Negerhollands: geweer

From Middle Dutch gewere (“opposition, defense, weapon”). Equivalent to ge- + weren.

inh

Hij laadde zijn geweer en nam doel.

Ze is getraind in het gebruik van een geweer.


kruiswoordraadsel

nl-noun

kruiswoordraadsel n (plural kruiswoordraadsels, diminutive kruiswoordraadseltje n)

kruiswoordraadsels (plural)
kruiswoordraadseltje (diminutive neuter)

From kruisen (“to cross”) + woord (“word”) + raadsel (“riddle”).

compound

(games) crossword, a word puzzle arranged in rows and columns


kruiswoordpuzzel

nl-noun

kruiswoordpuzzel n (plural kruiswoordpuzzels, diminutive kruiswoordpuzzeltje n)

kruiswoordpuzzels (plural)
kruiswoordpuzzeltje (diminutive neuter)

From kruisen (“to cross”) + woord (“word”) + puzzel (“puzzle”).


luitenant

nl-noun

luitenant m (plural luitenanten or luitenants, diminutive luitenantje n)

luitenanten (plural)
luitenants (plural)
luitenantje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: luitenant

→ Indonesian: letnan

From Middle Dutch lieutenant, from Middle French lieutenant, from Old French [Term?].


brandweerman

brandweerman m (plural brandweermannen or brandweerlieden or brandweerlui, diminutive brandweermannetje n, feminine brandweervrouw)

brandweermannen (plural)
brandweerlieden (plural)
brandweerlui (plural)
brandweermannetje (diminutive neuter)
brandweervrouw (feminine)

From brandweer (“fire brigade”) + man (“man”).

compound

Zij vond een naaktkalender met brandweermannen in haar ooms privé-la.

She found a nude calendar with firemen in her uncle's private drawer.

a fireman, male member of a fire department


kunstenares

nl-noun

kunstenares f (plural kunstenaressen, diminutive kunstenaresje n, masculine kunstenaar)

kunstenaressen (plural)
kunstenaresje (diminutive neuter)
kunstenaar (masculine)


timmerman

timmerman m (plural timmermannen or timmerlieden or timmerlui, diminutive timmermannetje n)

timmermannen (plural)
timmerlieden (plural)
timmerlui (plural)
timmermannetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: timmerman

Negerhollands: timmerman

Sranan Tongo: temreman

Aukan: tembee man

→ Caribbean Hindustani: temremán

→ Caribbean Javanese: témbréman

From Middle Dutch timmerman. Equivalent to timmeren + man.


laurier

laurier m (plural laurieren, diminutive lauriertje n)

laurieren (plural)
lauriertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: lourier

Borrowed from Middle French laurier, from Old French lorier.

Laurus nobilis
Laurus nobilis#Translingual


homofobie

Probably borrowed from English homophobia. Equivalent homo + -fobie.


paasei

paasei n (plural paaseieren, diminutive paaseitje n)

paaseieren (plural)
paaseitje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of Pasen (“Easter”) + ei (“egg”).

Easter egg (egg-shaped chocolate confection)


Michaël

From Vulgate Latin Michaēl, Michahēl, from Biblical Hebrew מִיכָאֵל (mîḵāʾēl, literally “who is like God?”).


goedendag

→ English: goedendag

Univerbation of goeden dag (“good day”, accusative phrase).

a club with a spike on top, used as a weapon in the late Middle Ages


melkboer

nl-noun

melkboer m (plural melkboeren, diminutive melkboertje n, feminine melkboerin)

melkboeren (plural)
melkboertje (diminutive neuter)
melkboerin (feminine)

From melk (“milk”) + boer (“farmer, merchant”).


Jesaja

Afrikaans: Jesaja

→ Indonesian: Yesaya

From older Esaias, from Latin Ēsāiās or Ancient Greek Ἠσαΐας (Ēsaḯas), from Biblical Hebrew יְשַׁעְיָהוּ. The later addition of the initial J was influenced by the original Hebrew name.

der

יְשַׁעְיָהוּ

(Judaism, Christianity) Isaiah (book of the Hebrew Bible)


Jeremia

→ Indonesian: Yeremia

From Middle Dutch jeremias, from Latin Jeremias, from Ancient Greek Ἰερεμίας (Ieremías), from Biblical Hebrew יִרְמְיָה.

(Judaism, Christianity) Jeremiah (book of the Hebrew Bible)


buizen

buizen (infinitive)
buizen (gerund neuter)
buis (first-person present singular)
buisde (first-person past singular)
buist (present second-person singular)
buis (present second-person singular)
buisde (past second-person singular)
buist (formal present second-person singular)
buisde (formal past second-person singular)
buist (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
buist (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
buisde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
buisde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
buist (present singular third-person)
buisde (past singular third-person)
buizen (plural present)
buisden (past plural)
buize (archaic present singular subjunctive)
buisde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
buizen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
buisden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
buis (imperative present singular)
buist (archaic imperative plural present)
buizend (participle present)
gebuisd (participle past)

From Middle Dutch busen, further etymology unclear.

unk

unclear

(intransitive) to booze, to drink heavily


klopgeest

nl-noun

klopgeest m (plural klopgeesten, diminutive klopgeestje n)

klopgeesten (plural)
klopgeestje (diminutive neuter)

From kloppen (“to knock”) + geest (“ghost, spirit”).

compound

(humorous) someone who knocks or drops by a lot


bruidegom

nl-noun

bruidegom m (plural bruidegoms, diminutive bruidegommetje n)

bruidegoms (plural)
bruidegommetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bruidegom

Negerhollands: bruidigom, brydgom

→ Papiamentu: brùidehòm, bruidegom

From Middle Dutch brudegōme, from Old Dutch brūdigomo, from Proto-Germanic *brūdigumô.


Japanner

Japanner m or f (plural Japanners, diminutive Japannertje n, feminine Japanse or Japannese)

Japanners (plural)
Japannertje (diminutive neuter)
Japanse (feminine)
Japannese (feminine)

Japanese (inhabitant of Japan; person of Japanese descent)


mosterd

mosterd m (plural mosterds, diminutive mosterdje n)

mosterds (plural)
mosterdje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mosterd

>? Negerhollands: mostert, muster

→ Ambonese Malay: mostor

→ Indonesian: mostar, moster

→ Javanese: mostardi, moster

→ Kupang Malay: mostor

→ Madurese: moster

→ Manado Malay: mostor

→ North Moluccan Malay: mostor

→ Papiamentu: mòster, mòstert, moster

→ Sranan Tongo: mostert

From Middle Dutch mostaert, from Old French moustarde (French: moutarde), from moust (“must”), from Latin mustum.


hemd

hemd n (plural hemden, diminutive hemdje n)

hemden (plural)
hemdje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hemp (see there for further descendants)

Berbice Creole Dutch: hemdu

Jersey Dutch: häämt

Negerhollands: hemmede, hemmete, hemete

Skepi Creole Dutch: hemde

→ Lokono: hemede

→ Indonesian: hem (“shirt”)

→ Mahican: hámed

→ Munsee: héemput

→ Sranan Tongo: empi (see there for further descendants)

→ Unami: hèmpës

→ West Frisian: himd

From Middle Dutch hemde, hemede, from Old Dutch *hemithi, from Proto-West Germanic *hamiþi (“shirt”). Doublet of chemise.


secretaresse

secretaresse f (plural secretaressen or secretaresses, diminutive secretaressetje n, masculine secretaris)

secretaressen (plural)
secretaresses (plural)
secretaressetje (diminutive neuter)
secretaris (masculine)

secretary (a person keeping records and handling clerical work)


Joël

Joel, the Biblical prophet (and eponymous Bible book)


schoppen

schoppen m or f (plural schoppens or schoppen, diminutive schoppentje n)

schoppens (plural)
schoppen (plural)
schoppentje (diminutive neuter)

→ Bengali: ইস্কাবন (iskabon)

→ Malay: sekopong

→ Loup A: skebai

→ Munsee: shkup

→ Papiamentu: skòp

→ Saramaccan: sikópu

→ Unami: shkepa


kleermaker

kleermaker m (plural kleermakers, diminutive kleermakertje n, feminine kleermaakster)

kleermakers (plural)
kleermakertje (diminutive neuter)
kleermaakster (feminine)

Afrikaans: kleremaker

→ Caribbean Javanese: klirmaker

From Middle Dutch cledermakere with loss of intervocalic -d-. Equivalent to kleer (singular of plurale tantum kleren) + maker.

compound

tailor (person who makes, repairs, or alters clothing as profession)


pijl

nl-noun

pijl m (plural pijlen, diminutive pijltje n)

pijlen (plural)
pijltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: pyl

Berbice Creole Dutch: pili

Negerhollands: peil

Skepi Creole Dutch: pela

→ Sranan Tongo: peiri, peil

→ Caribbean Javanese: péri

From Middle Dutch pile, pijl, ultimately from Latin pīlum.


leraar

leraar m (plural leraren, diminutive leraartje n, feminine lerares)

leraren (plural)
leraartje (diminutive neuter)
lerares (feminine)

Afrikaans: leraar

Negerhollands: leeraar

→ Papiamentu: leraar, leeraar

From Middle Dutch leeraer, leerre. Equivalent to leren (“to teach”) + -aar (“-er”). Doublet of leerder (“learner”).

(chiefly Protestantism) a Protestant clergyman, a reverend


onderwijzeres

onderwijzeres f (plural onderwijzeressen, diminutive onderwijzeresje n, masculine onderwijzer)

onderwijzeressen (plural)
onderwijzeresje (diminutive neuter)
onderwijzer (masculine)

Afrikaans: onderwyseres

a female teacher (female person who teaches)


spanbroek

spanbroek f (plural spanbroeken, diminutive spanbroekje n)

spanbroeken (plural)
spanbroekje (diminutive neuter)

From spannen (“to tighten”) + broek (“trousers”).

compound

a pair of tights or a pair of tight trousers


soja

nl-noun

soja f (plural soja's, diminutive sojaatje n)

soja's (plural)
sojaatje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: soja

desc

→ Arabic: صُويَا (ṣūyā)

→ Arabic: صُويَا (ṣūyā)

→ Catalan: soia, soja

→ English: soy, soya

→ Finnish: soija

→ French: soja

→ German: Soja

→ Greek: σόγια (sógia)

→ Hungarian: szója

→ Malay: soya

Indonesian: soya

→ Portuguese: soja

→ Russian: со́я (sója)

→ Slovene: soja

→ Spanish: soja

Etymology tree
Chinese 醬油 /酱油 (jiàngyóu)obor.
Japanese 醤油
Japanese そやbor.
Dutch soja
Borrowed from Japanese そや (soya), topicalized form of そい (soi), itself the Kagoshima dialectal form of Japanese 醤油 (shōyu, “soy sauce”), from Chinese 醬油 /酱油 (jiàngyóu).


tandarts

nl-noun

tandarts m (plural tandartsen, diminutive tandartsje n)

tandartsen (plural)
tandartsje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: tandarts

Petjo: tanarts

→ Indonesian: dokter gigi (calque)

Compound of tand (“tooth”) + arts (“doctor”).


majoor

majoor m (plural majoors, diminutive majoortje n)

majoors (plural)
majoortje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: majoor

→ Indonesian: mayor

→ West Frisian: majoar

Borrowed from Spanish mayor, from Latin maior.


bloes

bloes f (plural bloesen or bloezen, diminutive bloesje n)

bloesen (plural)
bloezen (plural)
bloesje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bloes

Petjo: bloes (archaic)

→ Caribbean Hindustani: blus

→ Caribbean Javanese: blus

→ Indonesian: blus

Ze kocht een nieuwe bloes voor haar sollicitatiegesprek.

She bought a new blouse for her job interview.

De bloezen in die winkel zijn van goede kwaliteit.

The blouses in that store are of good quality.

Kun je het bloesje met de bloemenprint passen?

Can you try on the blouse with the floral print?

a blouse (an outer garment, usually loose, that is similar to a shirt)


postbode

postbode m (plural postbodes, diminutive postbodetje n)

postbodes (plural)
postbodetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Javanese: posbodhe

Compound of post (“mail”) + bode (“messenger”).

postperson, mailperson (a person who delivers the mail), letter carrier


luitenant-generaal

luitenant-generaal m (plural luitenant-generaals, diminutive luitenant-generaaltje n)

luitenant-generaals (plural)
luitenant-generaaltje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: letnan jenderal

From luitenant (“lieutenant; deputy”) + generaal (“general”).


dirigent

nl-noun

dirigent m (plural dirigenten, diminutive dirigentje n)

dirigenten (plural)
dirigentje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: dirigen

Borrowed from Latin dīrigēns, present participle of dīrigō (“I direct”). The sense “conductor” was probably borrowed from German Dirigent.

a conductor, person who musically directs an orchestra, choir or other music ensemble


taalkundige

taalkundige m or f (plural taalkundigen)


linguïst

linguïst m (plural linguïsten, diminutive linguïstje n)

linguïsten (plural)
linguïstje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: linguis


anijs

Afrikaans: anys

→ Indonesian: anis

→ Sranan Tongo: aneisi

From Middle Dutch anis, from Old French anis, from Latin anīsum, from Ancient Greek ἄνισον (ánison).

Pimpinella anisum
Pimpinella anisum#Translingual

anise (Pimpinella anisum, plant and spice)


leest

leest f (plural leesten, diminutive leestje n)

leesten (plural)
leestje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: leis, leist (dated)

From Middle Dutch lêest, from Old Dutch *lēst, from Proto-West Germanic *laist.

(technical) last (form on which shoes are made or repaired)


overtreding

overtreding f (plural overtredingen, diminutive overtredinkje n)

overtredingen (plural)
overtredinkje (diminutive neuter)


granaat

granaat f or m (plural granaten, diminutive granaatje n)

granaten (plural)
granaatje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: granaat
→ Xhosa: irharnate

→ Indonesian: granat

→ West Frisian: granaat

From Middle Dutch garnate, grenate, from Old French grenat, from Latin pomus granatus (“seeded apple”).

a grenade; e.g. a hand grenade, an artillery shell


loods

loods m (plural loodsen, diminutive loodsje n)

loodsen (plural)
loodsje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: loods

→ Caribbean Javanese: los

→ Papiamentu: lots, loods, loos

Back-formation from loodsman, from Middle Dutch lootsman, from Middle English lodesman (modern lodesman).


accent aigu

accent aigu n (plural accents aigus or accent aigus)

accents aigus (plural)
accent aigus (plural)

Unadapted borrowing from French accent aigu.


basketballer

nl-noun

basketballer m (plural basketballers, diminutive basketballertje n, feminine basketbalster)

basketballers (plural)
basketballertje (diminutive neuter)
basketbalster (feminine)


dronken

nl-adj

dronken (comparative dronkener, superlative dronkenst)

dronkener (comparative)
dronkenst (superlative)
dronken (adverbial positive predicative)
dronkener (adverbial comparative predicative)
het dronkenst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het dronkenste (adverbial predicative superlative)
dronken (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
dronkener (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
dronkenste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
dronken (indefinite neuter positive singular)
dronkener (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
dronkenste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
dronken (indefinite plural positive)
dronkener (comparative indefinite plural)
dronkenste (indefinite plural superlative)
dronken (definite positive)
dronkener (comparative definite)
dronkenste (definite superlative)
dronkens (partitive positive)
dronkeners (comparative partitive)

Afrikaans: dronk

Berbice Creole Dutch: drunggu

Negerhollands: dronk, drun, drunk

→ Sranan Tongo: drungu

→ Saramaccan: dòongò

From Middle Dutch dronken, from Old Dutch drunkan, from Proto-Germanic *drunkanaz.

drunk, drunken, in a state of intoxication after drinking alcohol beverages


getrouwd

getrouwd (adverbial positive predicative)
getrouwde (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
getrouwd (indefinite neuter positive singular)
getrouwde (indefinite plural positive)
getrouwde (definite positive)
getrouwds (partitive positive)

Afrikaans: getroud


barones

nl-noun

barones f (plural baronessen, diminutive baronesje n, masculine baron)

baronessen (plural)
baronesje (diminutive neuter)
baron (masculine)

Ultimately from Middle French baronesse. Equivalent to baron + -es.


geneesheer

geneesheer m (plural geneesheren, diminutive geneesheertje n)

geneesheren (plural)
geneesheertje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: geneesman

From genezen (“to heal”) + heer (“gentleman, lord”).


putten

putten (infinitive)
putten (gerund neuter)
put (first-person present singular)
putte (first-person past singular)
put (present second-person singular)
putte (past second-person singular)
put (formal present second-person singular)
putte (formal past second-person singular)
put (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
put (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
putte (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
putte (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
put (present singular third-person)
putte (past singular third-person)
putten (plural present)
putten (past plural)
putte (archaic present singular subjunctive)
putte (archaic past singular subjunctive)
putten (archaic plural present subjunctive)
putten (archaic past plural subjunctive)
put (imperative present singular)
put (archaic imperative plural present)
puttend (participle present)
geput (participle past)


metaal

nl-noun

metaal n (plural metalen, diminutive metaaltje n)

metalen (plural)
metaaltje (diminutive neuter)

From Old French metal (“metal”), from Latin metallum (“metal, mine, quarry, mineral”), from Ancient Greek μέταλλον (métallon, “mine, quarry, metal”), from μέταλλευειν (métalleuein, “to mine, quarry”), of unknown origin, but apparently related to μέταλλαν (métallan, “to seek after”), also of unknown origin.


typografie

nl-noun

typografie f (plural typografies, diminutive typografietje n)

typografies (plural)
typografietje (diminutive neuter)


bankier

bankier m (plural bankiers, diminutive bankiertje n)

bankiers (plural)
bankiertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bankier

→ Indonesian: bankir

→ Peranakan Indonesian: bankier

From Middle Dutch banckier, from Middle French banquier.


vrees

Afrikaans: vrees

Negerhollands: vrees

From Middle Dutch vrêse, from Old Dutch frēsa, from Proto-Germanic *fraisō (“danger”).

(chiefly uncountable) fear, apprehension, angst


ambassadeur

ambassadeur m (plural ambassadeuren or ambassadeurs, diminutive ambassadeurtje n)

ambassadeuren (plural)
ambassadeurs (plural)
ambassadeurtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ambassadeur

→ Caribbean Javanese: ambasadhir

From Middle Dutch ambassadeur, from Middle French ambassadeur.


stripboek

stripboek n (plural stripboeken, diminutive stripboekje n)

stripboeken (plural)
stripboekje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of strip (“comic”) + boek (“book”).


moraal

moraal f (plural moralen, diminutive moraaltje n)

moralen (plural)
moraaltje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: moral

Borrowed from Middle French moral, from Latin mōrālis (“relating to manners or morals”)
(first used by Cicero, to translate Ancient Greek ἠθικός (ēthikós, “moral”)), from mos (“manner, custom”).


verdediger

nl-noun

verdediger m (plural verdedigers, diminutive verdedigertje n, feminine verdedigster)

verdedigers (plural)
verdedigertje (diminutive neuter)
verdedigster (feminine)


speelkaart

speelkaart f (plural speelkaarten, diminutive speelkaartje n)

speelkaarten (plural)
speelkaartje (diminutive neuter)


versjteren

versjteren (infinitive)
versjteren (gerund neuter)
versjteer (first-person present singular)
versjteerde (first-person past singular)
versjteert (present second-person singular)
versjteer (present second-person singular)
versjteerde (past second-person singular)
versjteert (formal present second-person singular)
versjteerde (formal past second-person singular)
versjteert (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
versjteert (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
versjteerde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
versjteerde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
versjteert (present singular third-person)
versjteerde (past singular third-person)
versjteren (plural present)
versjteerden (past plural)
versjtere (archaic present singular subjunctive)
versjteerde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
versjteren (archaic plural present subjunctive)
versjteerden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
versjteer (imperative present singular)
versjteert (archaic imperative plural present)
versjterend (participle present)
versjteerd (participle past)

From Yiddish פֿערשטערען (fershteren, “to spoil someone's fun”), from German verstören (“to disrupt”). Doublet of verstoren.

bor

Er zijn altijd mensen die het versjteren voor anderen.

There are always people who try to ruin things for others.

Het strafproces wegens de Decembermoorden heeft hij geprobeerd te versjteren door een amnestiewet door te voeren, wat tot grote vertraging heeft geleid.

2024 December 25, Sheila Sitalsing, “Desi Bouterse (1945-2024): charismatisch charmeur, president, couppleger en moordenaar”, in Volkskrant, archived from the original on 2024-12-26:

He tried to mess up the trial for the December murders by introducing an amnesty law, which caused great delay.

(informal, transitive) to mess up, screw up (intentionally disrupt)


kookboek

nl-noun

kookboek n (plural kookboeken, diminutive kookboekje n)

kookboeken (plural)
kookboekje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of koken (“to cook”) + boek (“book”).

a cookbook, a recipe book (book of culinary recipes)


staatshoofd

staatshoofd n (plural staatshoofden, diminutive staatshoofdje n)

staatshoofden (plural)
staatshoofdje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: staatshoof


handelaar

handelaar m (plural handelaars or handelaren, diminutive handelaartje n)

handelaars (plural)
handelaren (plural)
handelaartje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: handelar

→ Javanese: ꦲꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦭꦂ (handhelar)

De handelaar reisde naar verre landen om handel te drijven.

The merchant traveled to distant lands to conduct trade.

De handelaar had een grote verscheidenheid aan goederen in zijn winkel.

The trader had a wide variety of goods in his shop.

Hij werkt als handelaar op de markt en verkoopt allerlei producten.

He works as a trader at the market and sells various products.


systeembeheerder

systeembeheerder m (plural systeembeheerders, diminutive systeembeheerdertje n)

systeembeheerders (plural)
systeembeheerdertje (diminutive neuter)

From systeem (“system”) + beheerder (“administrator”).


psycholoog

nl-noun

psycholoog m (plural psychologen, diminutive psycholoogje n, feminine psychologe)

psychologen (plural)
psycholoogje (diminutive neuter)
psychologe (feminine)

→ Indonesian: psikolog

Johan loopt al jaren bij die psycholoog.

Johan has been seeing that psychologist for years.

psychologist (male or female expert in the field of psychology)


vraagteken

vraagteken n (plural vraagtekens, diminutive vraagtekentje n)

vraagtekens (plural)
vraagtekentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: vraagteken

From vraag + teken, perhaps a calque of German Fragezeichen.


leesteken

leesteken n (plural leestekens, diminutive leestekentje n)

leestekens (plural)
leestekentje (diminutive neuter)

From lezen (“to read”) + teken (“sign, mark”).

compound

In deze zin ontbreken enkele belangrijke leestekens, waardoor de betekenis onduidelijk is.

This sentence is missing some important punctuation marks, making the meaning unclear.

De leraar legde uit hoe je verschillende leestekens correct moet gebruiken in een zin.

The teacher explained how to use various punctuation marks correctly in a sentence.

In het Nederlands zijn er verschillende leestekens zoals punten, komma's, vraagtekens en uitroeptekens.

In Dutch, there are various punctuation marks such as periods, commas, question marks, and exclamation marks.


uitroepteken

nl-noun

uitroepteken n (plural uitroeptekens, diminutive uitroeptekentje n)

uitroeptekens (plural)
uitroeptekentje (diminutive neuter)


speeltje

From spel (“game”) + -tje with lengthening of the root vowel as in glaasje etc. Doublet of spelletje. Compare the plurals spelen and spellen, which also show a secondary semantic distinction.
In the sense “toy” perhaps in part a new derivation from the related verb spelen (“to play”).


toerist

toerist m (plural toeristen, diminutive toeristje n, feminine toeriste)

toeristen (plural)
toeristje (diminutive neuter)
toeriste (feminine)

→ Indonesian: turis

→ Trió: turesi (via Sranan Tongo)


verbannen

verbannen (infinitive)
verbannen (gerund neuter)
verban (first-person present singular)
verbande (first-person past singular)
verbant (present second-person singular)
verban (present second-person singular)
verbande (past second-person singular)
verbant (formal present second-person singular)
verbande (formal past second-person singular)
verbant (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
verbant (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
verbande (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
verbande (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
verbant (present singular third-person)
verbande (past singular third-person)
verbannen (plural present)
verbanden (past plural)
verbanne (archaic present singular subjunctive)
verbande (archaic past singular subjunctive)
verbannen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
verbanden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
verban (imperative present singular)
verbant (archaic imperative plural present)
verbannend (participle present)
verbannen (participle past)

Afrikaans: verban

From Middle Dutch verbannen, from Old Dutch *firbannan, from Proto-West Germanic *frabannan. Equivalent to ver- + bannen. Compare German verbannen and English forban.

(transitive, archaic, chiefly biblical) to consecrate, to dedicate to God and remove from human use


Kretenzer

Kretenzer m (plural Kretenzers, diminutive Kretenzertje n)

Kretenzers (plural)
Kretenzertje (diminutive neuter)


Salomo

Borrowed from Latin Salomōn. Doublet of Sjloume.

Solomon (Biblical figure, historical king of Israel and Judah)


patta

patta c (plural patta's, diminutive pattaatje n)

patta's (plural)
pattaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Sranan Tongo pata (“shoe”), from Portuguese sapato (“shoe”).

(slang, chiefly plural) shoe, in particular sneaker


rijsttafel

rijsttafel f (plural rijsttafels, diminutive rijsttafeltje n)

rijsttafels (plural)
rijsttafeltje (diminutive neuter)

a rijsttafel, an elaborate meal or banquet with many colonial Indonesia, specifically Chinese-Indonesian, rice dishes


spijkerstof

spijkerstof n (plural spijkerstoffen, diminutive spijkerstofje n)

spijkerstoffen (plural)
spijkerstofje (diminutive neuter)


sleutelkind

sleutelkind n (plural sleutelkinderen, diminutive sleutelkindje n or sleutelkindertje n)

sleutelkinderen (plural)
sleutelkindje (diminutive neuter)
sleutelkindertje (diminutive neuter)

From sleutel + kind, probably a loose calque of English latchkey child.


griffel

griffel f or m (plural griffels, diminutive griffeltje n)

griffels (plural)
griffeltje (diminutive neuter)

Petjo: griffel

→ Papiamentu: grif (dated)

→ Sranan Tongo: grefi

→ Saramaccan: geléfi, geéfi


pederastie

From Ancient Greek παιδεραστία (paiderastía).

De term pederastie omvat een brede scala aan erotische relaties tussen een volwassen man en opgroeiende jongen.

The term pederasty encompasses a wide range of erotic relationships between an adult man and developing young man.


wetenschapper

wetenschapper m or f (plural wetenschappers, diminutive wetenschappertje n, feminine wetenschapster)

wetenschappers (plural)
wetenschappertje (diminutive neuter)
wetenschapster (feminine)

Early 20th century. From wetenschap + -er, calque of German Wissenschafter or Wissenschaftler.


ambtenaar

ambtenaar m (plural ambtenaren or ambtenaars, diminutive ambtenaartje n, feminine ambtenares)

ambtenaren (plural)
ambtenaars (plural)
ambtenaartje (diminutive neuter)
ambtenares (feminine)

Afrikaans: amptenaar

→ Caribbean Javanese: amtenar

→ Indonesian: amtenar

→ Javanese: ꦲꦩ꧀ꦠꦼꦤꦂ (amtenar)

→ Papiamentu: amtenar, ambtenaar

From a combination of ambt + -en- + -aar, compare West Frisian amtner.


scheef

scheef f (plural scheven, diminutive scheefje n)

scheven (plural)
scheefje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch scēve, from Proto-Germanic *skibō-; cognate with Low German Schääv, German Schäbe, and English shive, all ‘fragment of the woody core of flax or hemp’.

(textiles) shive, i.e. fragment of the woody core of flax or hemp


muts

muts f (plural mutsen, diminutive mutsje n)

mutsen (plural)
mutsje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mus

Jersey Dutch: müts

→ Papiamentu: mùts

→ Saramaccan: músu

→ Sranan Tongo: musu

Nicoline van der Sijs
nl:muts (hoofddeksel)

From Middle Dutch mutse, possibly from Medieval Latin almutia; compare amictus (“veiled”). Cognate with German Mütze.

A tuque on my head, my collar stands high. Here it is ice-cold, but luckily enough, dry.

Een muts op mijn hoofd, mijn kraag staat omhoog. Het is hier ijskoud, maar gelukkig wel droog.(Guus Meeuwis – Brabant)

tuque (knitted winter cap), a type of brimless hat; a similar soft (nearly) brimless hat


echtgenote

Afrikaans: eggenote

From echtgenoot + -e. Equivalent to echt + genote.


producent

producent m (plural producenten, diminutive producentje n)

producenten (plural)
producentje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: produsen


toupet

toupet m (plural toupetten or toupets, diminutive toupetje n)

toupetten (plural)
toupets (plural)
toupetje (diminutive neuter)

From her own Head, Megwra takes
A Perriwig of twisted Snakes;
Which in the nicest Fashion curl'd,
Like Toupets of this upper World […]

1730, Jonathan Swift, “Death And Daphne,”, in Some Verse Pieces:


vluchteling

vluchteling m (plural vluchtelingen, diminutive vluchtelingetje n, feminine vluchtelinge)

vluchtelingen (plural)
vluchtelingetje (diminutive neuter)
vluchtelinge (feminine)

Afrikaans: vlugteling

From vluchten (“to flee”) + -ling or vlucht (“flight”) + -ling.


verminken

verminken (infinitive)
verminken (gerund neuter)
vermink (first-person present singular)
verminkte (first-person past singular)
verminkt (present second-person singular)
vermink (present second-person singular)
verminkte (past second-person singular)
verminkt (formal present second-person singular)
verminkte (formal past second-person singular)
verminkt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
verminkt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
verminkte (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
verminkte (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
verminkt (present singular third-person)
verminkte (past singular third-person)
verminken (plural present)
verminkten (past plural)
verminke (archaic present singular subjunctive)
verminkte (archaic past singular subjunctive)
verminken (archaic plural present subjunctive)
verminkten (archaic past plural subjunctive)
vermink (imperative present singular)
verminkt (archaic imperative plural present)
verminkend (participle present)
verminkt (participle past)

Afrikaans: vermink

From Middle Dutch verminken, a dialectal variant of vermenken (“to injure permanently”), from ver- + menken (variant minken), from the root manc (“a limping or lame person”) (cf. Dutch mank), from Latin mancus (“maimed or defective”), from Proto-Indo-European *man-ko- (“maimed in the hand”), from *man-.


trouwerij

nl-noun

trouwerij f (plural trouwerijen, diminutive trouwerijtje n)

trouwerijen (plural)
trouwerijtje (diminutive neuter)


loempia

loempia f (plural loempia's, diminutive loempiaatje n)

loempia's (plural)
loempiaatje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: lumpia


bekennen

bekennen (infinitive)
bekennen (gerund neuter)
beken (first-person present singular)
bekende (first-person past singular)
bekent (present second-person singular)
beken (present second-person singular)
bekende (past second-person singular)
bekent (formal present second-person singular)
bekende (formal past second-person singular)
bekent (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
bekent (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
bekende (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
bekende (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
bekent (present singular third-person)
bekende (past singular third-person)
bekennen (plural present)
bekenden (past plural)
bekenne (archaic present singular subjunctive)
bekende (archaic past singular subjunctive)
bekennen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
bekenden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
beken (imperative present singular)
bekent (archaic imperative plural present)
bekennend (participle present)
bekend (participle past)

Afrikaans: beken

Negerhollands: beken, bekennen

From Middle Dutch bekennen, from Old Dutch bikennen, from Proto-West Germanic *bikannijan. Equivalent to be- + kennen. Cognates include German bekennen, and English and Scots beken.

(transitive, biblical, euphemistic) to have sex, to know, have carnal knowledge


bestuursambtenaar

bestuursambtenaar m (plural bestuursambtenaars or bestuursambtenaren, diminutive bestuursambtenaartje n)

bestuursambtenaars (plural)
bestuursambtenaren (plural)
bestuursambtenaartje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of bestuur (“administration”) + -s- + ambtenaar (“civil servant”).

compound

De bestuursambtenaar zorgt voor de uitvoering van het beleid in de gemeente.

The civil administrator is responsible for implementing the policies in the municipality.


dactylus

Borrowed from Latin dactylus, from Ancient Greek δάκτυλος (dáktulos).


kokkin

nl-noun

kokkin f (plural kokkinnen, diminutive kokkinnetje n, masculine kok)

kokkinnen (plural)
kokkinnetje (diminutive neuter)
kok (masculine)


flanel

Afrikaans: flanel

Borrowed from French flanelle, from English flannel.


bordeaux

Borrowed from French Bordeaux (“a city and wine region in southwest France”), bordeaux.


stierengevecht

nl-noun

stierengevecht n (plural stierengevechten, diminutive stierengevechtje n)

stierengevechten (plural)
stierengevechtje (diminutive neuter)