apofatisch

nl-adj

apofatisch (comparative apofatischer, superlative meest apofatisch or apofatischt)

apofatischer (comparative)
meest apofatisch (superlative)
apofatischt (superlative)
apofatisch (adverbial positive predicative)
apofatischer (adverbial comparative predicative)
het apofatischt (adverbial predicative superlative)
het apofatischte (adverbial predicative superlative)
apofatische (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
apofatischere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
apofatischte (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
apofatisch (indefinite neuter positive singular)
apofatischer (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
apofatischte (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
apofatische (indefinite plural positive)
apofatischere (comparative indefinite plural)
apofatischte (indefinite plural superlative)
apofatische (definite positive)
apofatischere (comparative definite)
apofatischte (definite superlative)
apofatisch (partitive positive)
apofatischers (comparative partitive)

From Ancient Greek ἀποφατικός (apophatikós, “negative”).

der

(theology, philosophy) describing something from what it is not; apophatic


synagoge

nl-noun

synagoge f (plural synagogen or synagoges, diminutive synagogetje n)

synagogen (plural)
synagoges (plural)
synagogetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: sinagoge

From Middle Dutch sinagoge, from Old French synagoge, from Latin synagōga, from Ancient Greek συναγωγή (sunagōgḗ, “assembly, gathering”).


overste

desc

Negerhollands: overst, overste, oversten

→ Indonesian: overste


ivoren toren

From Song of Songs 7.4. First attested in the 1890s in the non-religious idiomatic sense, which was borrowed from French tour d’ivoire. The shift in meaning during the twentieth century is possibly influenced by English ivory tower.

(Roman Catholicism) A title of address for Mary (mother of Jesus), or specifically her neck.


koster

nl-noun

koster m (plural kosters, diminutive kostertje n)

kosters (plural)
kostertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: kòster, kòstu

From Middle Dutch coster, from Old French costre, from Late Latin custor, from custōs.

(Christianity) a churchwarden, a caretaker at a church, sacristan


kalifaat

kalifaat n (plural kalifaten, diminutive kalifaatje n)

kalifaten (plural)
kalifaatje (diminutive neuter)

Probably borrowed. Equivalent to kalief + -aat.


aanbidder

aanbidder m (plural aanbidders, diminutive aanbiddertje n, feminine aanbidster)

aanbidders (plural)
aanbiddertje (diminutive neuter)
aanbidster (feminine)

From Middle Dutch aanbedere. Equivalent to aanbidden + -er.


salafisme

Borrowed, likely from English Salafism. Ultimately from Arabic سَلَف (salaf) + -isme.

Salafism (Sunni movement that seeks to align modern Islam with early Islam)


mediene

Borrowed from Yiddish מדינה (medine, “country”), from Hebrew מְדִינָה (m'diná).

(Judaism, Netherlands) Jewish communities in the Netherlands outside Amsterdam; the provinces, hinterland


Jozef

From Middle Dutch joseph, from Latin Iōsēphus, from Ancient Greek Ἰωσήφ (Iōsḗph), from Hebrew יוֹסֵף.

der

Hebrew יוֹסֵף

Joseph, son of Jacob (Biblical character)

Joseph, father of Jesus of Nazareth (Biblical character)

a male given name, equivalent to English Joseph


panislamisme

Probably borrowed. Equivalent to pan- + islam + -isme.


gallicanisme

Probably borrowed from French gallicanisme. Equivalent to gallicaan + -isme.

(historical, Roman Catholicism) Gallicanism


ultramontanisme

Probably borrowed from French ultramontanisme. Equivalent to ultramontaan + -isme.


voorgangster

nl-noun

voorgangster f (plural voorgangsters, diminutive voorgangstertje n, masculine voorganger)

voorgangsters (plural)
voorgangstertje (diminutive neuter)
voorganger (masculine)


schuilkerk

schuilkerk f (plural schuilkerken, diminutive schuilkerkje n)

schuilkerken (plural)
schuilkerkje (diminutive neuter)


schuurkerk

schuurkerk f (plural schuurkerken, diminutive schuurkerkje n)

schuurkerken (plural)
schuurkerkje (diminutive neuter)

a clandestine church disguised as a barn or shed


zingeving

/ˈzɪnˌɣeː.vɪŋ/

Compound of zin (“meaning”) + geven (“to give”) + -ing. Cognate to German Sinngebung.

af

search for or construal of meaning, meaning-making, existential meaning


vicaris

nl-noun

vicaris m (plural vicarissen, diminutive vicarisje n)

vicarissen (plural)
vicarisje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch vicarijs, from Latin vicārius.

(Christianity, especially Roman Catholicism) a cleric assisting or standing in for a higher ranking one, especially one assisting a bishop in the running of his diocese


staurogram

Likely borrowed from German Staurogramm.

(historical, Christianity) staurogram (ligature and symbol of the cross)


Woen

A learned back-formation from the 18th or 19th century from woensdag, the first element of which is a syncopic variation through d-weakening (compare broer and broeder) of Middle Dutch *Woeden, which may have existed as simplex or only as an element in compounds, which in turn derived from Old Dutch Wuodan (“Woden”), from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdan, from Proto-Germanic *Wōdanaz. Related to Dutch woeden (“to rage”), woede (“anger”) and woedend (“angry”). Cognate with English Woden, German Wotan, Icelandic Óðinn, Faroese Óðin, and Norwegian Nynorsk, Danish, and Swedish Oden.

cog

Een van die afgoden, van hun eigen maaksel, was Woen, de stormwind, van waar wy nog het heidensch woord Woens-dag en Woens-wagen (...) bewaard hebben. (Gezelle, 1864)

One of their idols, of their own creation, was Woden, the stormwind, whence we still have conserved the heathen word Wednesday and Woden's carriage (...)

Die jonge kerel groeit in zijne verbeelding tot een Woen die op een gevleugeld ros door de lucht rijdt. (Stijn Streuvels, 1926)

That young man is growing in his imagination into a Woden who rides through the skies on a winged horse.

The god Woden is hence named after the exalted ecstasy our heathen forefathers imagined when they thought of him.

De god Woen is dus genoemd naar de opperste vervoering die onze heidense voorouders zich bij hem voorstelden.

(Germanic mythology and paganism, rare) Woden/Odin, a major Germanic god often described as chief of the pantheon.


Suikerfeest

First attested in the early 20th century. From suiker (“sugar”) + feest (“feast, party, celebration”), loan translation of Turkish Şeker Bayramı.

compound

Eid al-Fitr; the religious celebration at the end of Ramadan, on the first day of the tenth month of the Muslim lunar calendar


beschermfeest

nl-noun

beschermfeest n (plural beschermfeesten)

Afrikaans: beskermfees

(Roman Catholicism) festival for a patron saint


sjoel

sjoel f or m (plural sjoels, diminutive sjoeltje n)

sjoels (plural)
sjoeltje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Yiddish שול (shul, “synagogue, school”), from Old High German scuola, which was borrowed in turn from Latin schola.

(Judaism) a (usually Ashkenazic) synagogue


rituaal

rituaal n (plural ritualen, diminutive rituaaltje n)

ritualen (plural)
rituaaltje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin rītuālis or rītuāle.

(Roman Catholicism, Freemasonry) an instruction text for performing rituals, a liturgy book


versnijdenis

From versnijden (“to cut up”) + -nis (“-ness”, deverbative suffix), calque of Ancient Greek κατατομή (katatomḗ) in Philippians 3,2. Modelled on besnijdenis.

calque

(biblical, Christianity, derogatory) concision, mutilation of the flesh (polemical term for circumcision)


Oude Testament

Afrikaans: Ou Testament

Negerhollands: Oud Testament

From Middle Dutch [Term?], from Latin Vetus Testāmentum.

(Christianity, biblical) the Old Testament, in any Christian canon


Nieuwe Testament

Negerhollands: Nywe Testament

(Christianity, biblical) the New Testament, in any Christian canon


Hebreeuwse Bijbel

(Judaism, biblical, scholarship) Hebrew Bible


sjekel

nl-noun

sjekel m (plural sjekels, diminutive sjekeltje n)

sjekels (plural)
sjekeltje (diminutive neuter)

More recent than sikkel. Ultimately from Hebrew שֶׁקֶל, see there for further etymology.

der

Hebrew שֶׁקֶל

(biblical) shekel, ancient Israelite unit of weight


djihaad

nl-noun

djihaad m (plural djihaads, diminutive djihaadje n)

djihaads (plural)
djihaadje (diminutive neuter)

(Islam, sometimes stereotypical) holy war, when (perceived to be) undertaken by Muslims


oemma

(Islam, countable, rare) an Islamic community


kalief

kalief m (plural kaliefen or kaliefs, diminutive kaliefje n)

kaliefen (plural)
kaliefs (plural)
kaliefje (diminutive neuter)

Ultimately from Arabic خَلِيفَة (ḵalīfa).


oelama

Borrowed from Arabic عُلَمَاء (ʕulamāʔ).

(plural only) Islamic religious specialists

(collective) the community of Islamic experts


godzaligheid

From godzalig + -heid, calque of German Gottseeligkeit.

(Protestantism, archaic) devotion, piety


anachoreet

anachoreet m (plural anachoreten, diminutive anachoreetje n)

anachoreten (plural)
anachoreetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French anachorète, from Latin anachoreta, borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀναχωρητής (anakhōrētḗs).


conflagratie

conflagratie f (plural conflagraties, diminutive conflagratietje n)

conflagraties (plural)
conflagratietje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French conflagration, from Middle French [Term?], from Latin cōnflagrātiō.

1998, Joris van Eijnatten, Hogere sferen. De ideeënwereld van Willem Bilderdijk (1756-1831), Verloren, 332.
De eerste plaatst het duizendjarig rijk vóór het Laatste Oordeel, de tweede laat het rijk volgen op de grote conflagratie die de huidige aardbol zal vernietigen.

2013, Jan Hertogen, "De ontdekking en meting van 'deep time'", in Pieter d'Hoine & Bart Pattyn (eds.), XXI. Tijd, evolutie en duurzaamheid., in Lessen voor de eenentwintigste eeuw (series), vol. 19, 112.
De geotheorie schildert een evolutie van chaos, complete ordening, degeneratie door de zondvloed, conflagratie, en herstel van de orde als proloog op de 'tweede komst' van Jezus.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(philosophy, religion) conflagration, cyclical or eschatological destruction of the world through fire


consistorie

consistorie n (plural consistories, diminutive consistorietje n)

consistories (plural)
consistorietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: konsistorie

→ Indonesian: konsistori

→ West Frisian: konsistoarje

(Roman Catholicism) meeting of the College of Cardinals

consistory
meeting of the College of Cardinals

consistory
(Protestantism) congregational council


consistorie

consistorie f (plural consistories, diminutive consistorietje n)

The same as etymology 1 or a shortening of consistoriekamer.

(Protestantism) consistory, room where such a church council usually gathers for meetings


Jezus Christus

Negerhollands: Jesus die Christus


piëtisme

piëtisme n (plural piëtismen or piëtismes)

(Christianity, chiefly Protestantism) pietism


het licht zien

Dus toen schreeuwde de rare oude man "wololo" tot mij voor de vierde keer en toen zag ik het licht.

So then the strange old man yelled "wololo" at me for the fourth time and that's when I saw the light.

(idiomatic) to see the light
(religion) to undergo a conversion

to see the light
to undergo a conversion


jodenchristendom

jodenchristendom n (plural jodenchristendommen)

(Judaism, Christianity) Jewish Christianity, the religion of Christian Jews who observe Halacha (mostly used for Jewish Christian groups in antiquity)


unitarisch

unitarisch (adverbial positive predicative)
unitarische (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
unitarisch (indefinite neuter positive singular)
unitarische (indefinite plural positive)
unitarische (definite positive)
unitarisch (partitive positive)

(chiefly Christianity, religion) Unitarian


unitariër

unitariër m (plural unitariërs, diminutive unitariërtje n)

unitariërs (plural)
unitariërtje (diminutive neuter)


sjabbat

sjabbat m (plural sjabbats, diminutive sjabbatje n)

sjabbats (plural)
sjabbatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew שַׁבָּת (shabát, “Sabbath”).

bor

Op de Sjabbat op of na Konigsdag wordt dit poor Moesaf gezegd

2017, Chacham Dr. Pinchas Toledano, E.H. Rosenberg, editors, חמישה חומשי תורה ותפילות לשבת כמנהג ק׳׳ק תלמוד תורה אמשטרדם [Five Books of the Torah and Prayers for Sabbath per the Practice of the Holy Community Talmud Torah in Amsterdam] (prayer book; hardcover; overall work in Hebrew, English, Dutch, and Portuguese), Jerusalem: Koren Publishers Jerusalem, →ISBN, תפלות לשבת, page 111:

On the Shabbat on or after the monarch's birthday this is recited preceding Mussaf


sjabbes

nl-noun

sjabbes m (plural sjabbessen, diminutive sjabbesje n)

sjabbessen (plural)
sjabbesje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Yiddish שבת (shabes, “Sabbath”), from Biblical Hebrew שַׁבָּת (shabát, “Sabbath”).


hindoe

hindoe m (plural hindoes, diminutive hindoetje n)

hindoes (plural)
hindoetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Persian هندو. First attested in the early 19th century.


hernhutter

hernhutter m (plural hernhutters, diminutive hernhuttertje n)

hernhutters (plural)
hernhuttertje (diminutive neuter)

/ˈɦɛrnˌɦʏ.tər/

Ca. 1750. Borrowed from German Herrnhuter.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

1746, C. Boumans, "Ontwerp van C. Boumans Afſcheyds Brief", in Eysbrant Nergens, Pleitreeden voor deurhofs Job, publ. by Folkert van der Plaats, 28. Die dan Gemoeds Openbaringen, ten voordeele der vreemde, dwalende, en onſe Kerke verſmadende Hernhutters ontfangen, word helaas aan niemand iets geopenbaard van myn onſchuld, (...)


lichtmis

lichtmis f (plural lichtmissen, diminutive lichtmisje n)

lichtmissen (plural)
lichtmisje (diminutive neuter)

Equivalent to licht (“light”) + mis (“mass”).


domper

domper m (plural dompers, diminutive dompertje n)

dompers (plural)
dompertje (diminutive neuter)

From dompen (“to dim, to dampen, to extinguish”) + -er (denominative agent suffix).

af

(Netherlands, historical, Protestantism, derogatory, by extension) reactionary orthodox Protestant linked to the Réveil

(Belgium, historical, Roman Catholicism, derogatory, by extension) reactionary Flemish Roman Catholic


cherubijn

nl-noun

cherubijn m (plural cherubijnen, diminutive cherubijntje n)

cherubijnen (plural)
cherubijntje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: cherubim

From Middle Dutch cherubyn, cherubin, reanalyzed as singular, borrowed from Latin cherubin or cherubim, from Ancient Greek χερουβίμ (kheroubím), ultimately from Biblical Hebrew כְּרוּבִים (k'ruvím), which is originally plural.

(biblical, historical, dated) lamassu-like angel

(biblical, religion) six-winged humanoid angel

cherub (angel)
six-winged humanoid angel


hemelnimf

hemelnimf f (plural hemelnimfen, diminutive hemelnimfje n)

hemelnimfen (plural)
hemelnimfje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of hemel (“heaven”) + nimf (“nymph”).


hoeri

hoeri f (plural hoeri's, diminutive hoerietje n)

hoeri's (plural)
hoerietje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French houri, from Persian حوری (huri), from Arabic حُورِيَّة (ḥūriyya).


verzaker

verzaker m (plural verzakers, diminutive verzakertje n, feminine verzaakster)

verzakers (plural)
verzakertje (diminutive neuter)
verzaakster (feminine)

From Middle Dutch versaker, equivalent to verzaken + -er.

(religion, chiefly Hinduism, Buddhism) an ascetic, someone who has renounced worldly riches


wereldverzaker

wereldverzaker m (plural wereldverzakers, diminutive wereldverzakertje n)

wereldverzakers (plural)
wereldverzakertje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of wereld (“world”) + verzaker.

Kortom, de ware brahmaan is de wereldverzaker, die de onderlinge afhankelijkheidsverhoudingen achter zich gelaten heeft.

1964, Johannes Cornelis Heesterman, Spel der tegenstellingen, E. J. Brill, section 16:

(chiefly Hinduism, Buddhism) ascetic, someone who pursues an ascetic way of life


asceet

asceet m (plural asceten, diminutive asceetje n)

asceten (plural)
asceetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: askeet

→ Indonesian: asket

Borrowed from Latin ascēta, from Ancient Greek ἀσκητής (askētḗs).

(religion) ascetic, one who lives a life of self-denial


renunciatie

renunciatie f (plural renunciaties, diminutive renunciatietje n)

renunciaties (plural)
renunciatietje (diminutive neuter)


misjpoge

Borrowed from Yiddish משפּחה (mishpokhe), from Biblical Hebrew מִשְׁפָּחָה (mishpakhá).


bedelmonnik

bedelmonnik m (plural bedelmonniken, diminutive bedelmonnikje n)

bedelmonniken (plural)
bedelmonnikje (diminutive neuter)

Equivalent to bedelen (“to beg”) + monnik (“monk”).


bedelnon

bedelnon f (plural bedelnonnen, diminutive bedelnonnetje n)

bedelnonnen (plural)
bedelnonnetje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of bedelen (“to beg”) + non (“nun”).


prinsbisdom

prinsbisdom n (plural prinsbisdommen, diminutive prinsbisdommetje n)

prinsbisdommen (plural)
prinsbisdommetje (diminutive neuter)

From prins (“prince”) + bisdom (“bishopric”).

prince-bishopric; the bishopric of a prince bishop


prins-bisschop

prins-bisschop m (plural prins-bisschoppen, diminutive prins-bisschopje n)

prins-bisschoppen (plural)
prins-bisschopje (diminutive neuter)

From prins (“prince”) + bisschop (“bisshop”).


vorst-bisschop

vorst-bisschop m (plural vorst-bisschoppen, diminutive vorst-bisschopje n)

vorst-bisschoppen (plural)
vorst-bisschopje (diminutive neuter)

From vorst (“monarch, prince, ruler”) + bisschop (“bisshop”).


vorstbisdom

nl-noun

vorstbisdom n (plural vorstbisdommen, diminutive vorstbisdommetje n)

vorstbisdommen (plural)
vorstbisdommetje (diminutive neuter)

From vorst (“monarch, prince, ruler”) + bisdom (“bishopric”).


daarzijn

From daar + zijn, calque of German Dasein.

(philosophy, theology) Dasein, existence, presence, being


afgodin

nl-noun

afgodin f (plural afgodinnen, diminutive afgodinnetje n)

afgodinnen (plural)
afgodinnetje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch afgodinne. Equivalent to afgod + -in.

(religion, derogatory, dated) female idol (goddess considered to be false by the speaker)


afgoderij

afgoderij f (plural afgoderijen, diminutive afgoderijtje n)

afgoderijen (plural)
afgoderijtje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: afgodderie

→ Aukan: afokodeei

→ Sranan Tongo: afkodrei


afgodig

afgodig (adverbial positive predicative)
afgodige (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
afgodig (indefinite neuter positive singular)
afgodige (indefinite plural positive)
afgodige (definite positive)
afgodigs (partitive positive)

(religion, derogatory, uncommon) idolatrous


afgodsbeeld

afgodsbeeld n (plural afgodsbeelden, diminutive afgodsbeeldje n)

afgodsbeelden (plural)
afgodsbeeldje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of afgod (“idol”) + beeld (“statue(tte)”).

(derogatory, religion) statue or figurine of an idol; idol


ontmythologiseren

ontmythologiseren (infinitive)
ontmythologiseren (gerund neuter)
ontmythologiseer (first-person present singular)
ontmythologiseerde (first-person past singular)
ontmythologiseert (present second-person singular)
ontmythologiseer (present second-person singular)
ontmythologiseerde (past second-person singular)
ontmythologiseert (formal present second-person singular)
ontmythologiseerde (formal past second-person singular)
ontmythologiseert (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
ontmythologiseert (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
ontmythologiseerde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
ontmythologiseerde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
ontmythologiseert (present singular third-person)
ontmythologiseerde (past singular third-person)
ontmythologiseren (plural present)
ontmythologiseerden (past plural)
ontmythologisere (archaic present singular subjunctive)
ontmythologiseerde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
ontmythologiseren (archaic plural present subjunctive)
ontmythologiseerden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
ontmythologiseer (imperative present singular)
ontmythologiseert (archaic imperative plural present)
ontmythologiserend (participle present)
ontmythologiseerd (participle past)

From ont- + mythologiseren, calque of German entmythologisieren.


ontmythologisering

From ontmythologiseren + -ing, calque of German Entmythologisierung.


afgodes

afgodes f (plural afgodessen, diminutive afgodesje n)

afgodessen (plural)
afgodesje (diminutive neuter)

(religion, derogatory, archaic) female idol (goddess considered to be false by the speaker)


bevrijdingstheologie

bevrijdingstheologie f (plural bevrijdingstheologieën)

Compound of bevrijding + -s- + theologie.

(chiefly singular, Christianity, especially Roman Catholicism) liberation theology (type of theology inspired by Marxism)


confessioneel

confessioneel m (plural confessionelen, diminutive confessioneeltje n)

confessionelen (plural)
confessioneeltje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French confessionnel. Equivalent to confessie + -eel.

(politics, Christianity) adherent or member of an explicitly religious political party

(historical, Protestantism) orthodox Protestant fixated on creedal rectitude


marist

marist m (plural maristen, diminutive maristje n)

maristen (plural)
maristje (diminutive neuter)


broge

Borrowed from Yiddish ברכה (brokhe), from Hebrew בְּרָכָה (b'rakhá).

(Judaism) Alternative spelling of brooche


brooche

brooche f (plural brooches, diminutive broochetje n)

brooches (plural)
broochetje (diminutive neuter)

From Yiddish ברכה (brokhe), from Hebrew בְּרָכָה (brakhá).


aflaat

aflaat m (plural aflaten, diminutive aflaatje n)

aflaten (plural)
aflaatje (diminutive neuter)

(Roman Catholicism) indulgence, reduction of expected punishment in purgatory


heiland

heiland m (plural heilanden, diminutive heilandje n)

heilanden (plural)
heilandje (diminutive neuter)

(religion) savior (North America), saviour (Commonwealth)


baaierd

baaierd m (plural baaierds or baaierden)

Afrikaans: baaierd

First attested in the 17th century. Etymology uncertain, perhaps from baaierd, beierd, which might be related to Middle French bayart or Old French baaillier.

(religion) the primordial chaos before creation


veertigdagentijd

veertigdagentijd m (plural veertigdagentijden)

From veertig (“forty”) + dagen (“days”) + tijd (“time, period”), based on Latin quadragesima, referring to the forty days (exclusive of Sundays) between Ash Wednesday and Easter.

compound

(Christianity) Lent (fast before Easter)


lajenen

lajenen (infinitive)
lajenen (gerund neuter)
lajen (first-person present singular)
lajende (first-person past singular)
lajent (present second-person singular)
lajen (present second-person singular)
lajende (past second-person singular)
lajent (formal present second-person singular)
lajende (formal past second-person singular)
lajent (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
lajent (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
lajende (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
lajende (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
lajent (present singular third-person)
lajende (past singular third-person)
lajenen (plural present)
lajenden (past plural)
lajene (archaic present singular subjunctive)
lajende (archaic past singular subjunctive)
lajenen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
lajenden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
lajen (imperative present singular)
lajent (archaic imperative plural present)
lajenend (participle present)
gelajend (participle past)

From Yiddish לייענען (leyenen, “to read”).

(Judaism) to leyn, that is, to read from a Torah scroll


apostolisch

apostolisch (adverbial positive predicative)
apostolische (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
apostolisch (indefinite neuter positive singular)
apostolische (indefinite plural positive)
apostolische (definite positive)
apostolisch (partitive positive)

From Middle Dutch apostolisch, from Latin apostolicus. Equivalent to apostel (“apostle”) + -isch (“-ic”).

(Christianity) apostolic, pertaining to the early Christian apostles

(Roman Catholicism, chiefly in titles and names of institutions) apostolic, papal; related to the Pope, the senior successor of the apostles according to Roman Catholic ecclesiology

(chiefly Eastern Christianity) apostolic, patriarchal; pertaining to the patriarchs of the church

(Roman Catholicism) apostolic, missionary; pertaining to the Roman Catholic missions, the apostolate

(Christianity) apostolic, pertaining to certain restorationist sects claiming to represent the original apostolic church


biologisch-dynamisch

biologisch-dynamisch (adverbial positive predicative)
biologisch-dynamische (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
biologisch-dynamisch (indefinite neuter positive singular)
biologisch-dynamische (indefinite plural positive)
biologisch-dynamische (definite positive)
biologisch-dynamisch (partitive positive)

Borrowed from German biologisch-dynamisch. First attested in the late 1920s.

(religion, agriculture, Anthroposophy) biodynamic


slijkgeus

nl-noun

slijkgeus m (plural slijkgeuzen, diminutive slijkgeusje n)

slijkgeuzen (plural)
slijkgeusje (diminutive neuter)

(obsolete, Protestantism, derogatory) Gomarist


heerschare

From Middle Dutch heerschare. Equivalent to heer (“army”) + schare (“throng, mass”).

Heer der Heerscharen

(Christianity, otherwise archaic) host, army


Mensenzoon

Compound of mens + -en- + zoon. Certainly a calque, ultimately from Ancient Greek υἱὸς τοὺ ἀνθρώπου (huiòs toù anthrṓpou).

der

υἱὸς τοὺ ἀνθρώπου


Zeloot

nl-noun

Zeloot m (plural Zeloten, diminutive Zelootje n)

Zeloten (plural)
Zelootje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch zelote, from Latin zēlōtēs, from Ancient Greek ζηλωτής (zēlōtḗs).

(historical, Judaism) zealot (anti-Roman Jewish insurrectionist in first-century Palestine, especially Judaea)


op wieltjes

De één was heel erg actief op kerkelijk gebied, terwijl een ander getypeerd kan worden als "christen op wieltjes".

1990 October 2, “5 Jaar Evang. Gemeente”, in De IJsselbode, page 2:

Hij knipoogde. ‘Denkt u dat we nu ‘gelovigen op wieltjes’ genoemd kunnen worden?’

2006, Annette Smith, Thuis in Ruby Praire, tr. by Petra Koopmans, Zomer en Keuning, →ISBN, page 73:

2013, Diederick Klein Kranenburg, ‘Samen voor ons eigen’. De geschiedenis van een Nederlandse volksbuurt: de Haagse Schilderswijk, 1920–1985, Uitgeverij Verloren (1st ed.), →ISBN, page 110, quoting a man named Gillian.
Het gevolg was dat ze met kerst van alle kanten een kerstpakketje kreeg. Ze zeggen wel eens: een katholiek op wieltjes. Nou mijn oma was nog veel erger.

(colloquial, Netherlands) nominally belonging to a religion or denomination but nonpracticing


Bijbel

→ Indonesian: Bibel

→ Papiamentu: Beibel

From Middle Dutch bibele, from Latin Biblia, from Ancient Greek βιβλία (biblía, “books”), plural of βιβλίον (biblíon, “book”).


reformatorisch

reformatorisch (adverbial positive predicative)
reformatorische (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
reformatorisch (indefinite neuter positive singular)
reformatorische (indefinite plural positive)
reformatorische (definite positive)
reformatorisch (partitive positive)

→ West Frisian: reformatoarysk

From reformatie + -orisch or borrowed from German reformatorisch.

pertaining to ultra-orthodox Reformed Protestantism


salafistisch

salafistisch (adverbial positive predicative)
salafistische (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
salafistisch (indefinite neuter positive singular)
salafistische (indefinite plural positive)
salafistische (definite positive)
salafistisch (partitive positive)


choepa

choepa f (plural choepot or choepoth or choepa's)

choepot (plural)
choepoth (plural)
choepa's (plural)

(Judaism, figurative) chuppah, wedding ceremony


Paternoster

Paternoster m or n (plural Paternosters)

From Middle Dutch pater noster, from Latin Pater noster.


cultusplaats

cultusplaats f (plural cultusplaatsen, diminutive cultusplaatsje n)

cultusplaatsen (plural)
cultusplaatsje (diminutive neuter)

a place of worship, usually a non-Abrahamic cultic site


graftempel

graftempel m (plural graftempels, diminutive graftempeltje n)

graftempels (plural)
graftempeltje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of graf (“grave”) + tempel (“temple”).


pioet

Borrowed from Hebrew פִּיּוּט, from Ancient Greek ποιητής (poiētḗs). Doublet of poëet.

bor

Hebrew פִּיּוּט

(Judaism) piyyut, piyut (liturgical poem)


manipel

From Middle Dutch manipele, from Old French maniple, from Latin manipulus.

(Christianity) maniple, ornamental scarf or band worn over the left arm by priests


lijdensweg

Compound of lijden (“to suffer; suffering”) + -s- + weg (“road, way”).

compound

(Christianity, chiefly Roman Catholicism) the Way of the Cross


sjofeet

(Judaism) biblical judge (premonarchic leader of the Israelites)


richter

nl-noun

richter m (plural richters or richteren)

(dated, Protestantism) biblical judge (the usual plural is richteren)


goedertieren

nl-adj

goedertieren (comparative goedertierener, superlative goedertierenst)

goedertierener (comparative)
goedertierenst (superlative)
goedertieren (adverbial positive predicative)
goedertierener (adverbial comparative predicative)
het goedertierenst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het goedertierenste (adverbial predicative superlative)
goedertieren (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
goedertierener (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
goedertierenste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
goedertieren (indefinite neuter positive singular)
goedertierener (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
goedertierenste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
goedertieren (indefinite plural positive)
goedertierener (comparative indefinite plural)
goedertierenste (indefinite plural superlative)
goedertieren (definite positive)
goedertierener (comparative definite)
goedertierenste (definite superlative)
goedertierens (partitive positive)
goedertiereners (comparative partitive)

From Middle Dutch goedertiere. Equivalent to a univerbation of goeder + tieren, literally “of good nature, of a good kind”.

univerbation

(chiefly Christianity, otherwise archaic) charitable, benevolent


naamchristen

18th century. Compound of naam + christen.

(Protestantism, derogatory) false Christian, a Christian (practising or nominal) who doesn't adhere to orthodox Pietist standards


bekruisen

bekruisen (infinitive)
bekruisen (gerund neuter)
bekruis (first-person present singular)
bekruiste (first-person past singular)
bekruist (present second-person singular)
bekruis (present second-person singular)
bekruiste (past second-person singular)
bekruist (formal present second-person singular)
bekruiste (formal past second-person singular)
bekruist (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
bekruist (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
bekruiste (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
bekruiste (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
bekruist (present singular third-person)
bekruiste (past singular third-person)
bekruisen (plural present)
bekruisten (past plural)
bekruise (archaic present singular subjunctive)
bekruiste (archaic past singular subjunctive)
bekruisen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
bekruisten (archaic past plural subjunctive)
bekruis (imperative present singular)
bekruist (archaic imperative plural present)
bekruisend (participle present)
bekruist (participle past)

From be- + kruisen (“to make a cross; to traverse”).

pre

(with reflexive pronoun, Christianity, chiefly Roman Catholicism) to make the sign of the cross, to becross oneself


christendommelijk

nl-adj

christendommelijk (comparative christendommelijker, superlative christendommelijkst)

christendommelijker (comparative)
christendommelijkst (superlative)
christendommelijk (adverbial positive predicative)
christendommelijker (adverbial comparative predicative)
het christendommelijkst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het christendommelijkste (adverbial predicative superlative)
christendommelijke (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
christendommelijkere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
christendommelijkste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
christendommelijk (indefinite neuter positive singular)
christendommelijker (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
christendommelijkste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
christendommelijke (indefinite plural positive)
christendommelijkere (comparative indefinite plural)
christendommelijkste (indefinite plural superlative)
christendommelijke (definite positive)
christendommelijkere (comparative definite)
christendommelijkste (definite superlative)
christendommelijks (partitive positive)
christendommelijkers (comparative partitive)

From christendom + -e- + -lijk. From the 20th century.

(theology, chiefly Protestantism, derogatory) pertaining to (petit bourgeois) Christendom


kerkfabriek

nl-noun

kerkfabriek f or n (plural kerkfabrieken)

(Christianity, chiefly Roman Catholicism) body responsible for the governance of church assets and property


gereformeerd

gereformeerd (adverbial positive predicative)
gereformeerde (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
gereformeerd (indefinite neuter positive singular)
gereformeerde (indefinite plural positive)
gereformeerde (definite positive)
gereformeerds (partitive positive)

Past participle from reformeren (“to reform”).

(Protestantism in other contexts) Reformed


Amida

der

Hebrew עֲמִידָה

(Judaism) the Amidah, the Shmoneh Esreh (Jewish silent prayer said while standing)


stigmatiseren

stigmatiseren (infinitive)
stigmatiseren (gerund neuter)
stigmatiseer (first-person present singular)
stigmatiseerde (first-person past singular)
stigmatiseert (present second-person singular)
stigmatiseer (present second-person singular)
stigmatiseerde (past second-person singular)
stigmatiseert (formal present second-person singular)
stigmatiseerde (formal past second-person singular)
stigmatiseert (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
stigmatiseert (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
stigmatiseerde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
stigmatiseerde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
stigmatiseert (present singular third-person)
stigmatiseerde (past singular third-person)
stigmatiseren (plural present)
stigmatiseerden (past plural)
stigmatisere (archaic present singular subjunctive)
stigmatiseerde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
stigmatiseren (archaic plural present subjunctive)
stigmatiseerden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
stigmatiseer (imperative present singular)
stigmatiseert (archaic imperative plural present)
stigmatiserend (participle present)
gestigmatiseerd (participle past)

Ultimately from Latin stigmatizo (“to brand”), from Ancient Greek στιγματίζω (stigmatízō, “to mark”), from στίγμα (stígma). By surface analysis, stigma + -iseren.

(Christianity, transitive) to mark with the stigmata


beatmis

Compound of beat + mis. First attested in the mid 1960s.

(Roman Catholicism) a mass accompanied by beat music


toekomstverwachting

nl-noun

toekomstverwachting f (plural toekomstverwachtingen)

Compound of toekomst + verwachting, calque of German Zukunftserwartung.

(religion, chiefly uncountable) eschatological expectation(s) or beliefs, apocalyptic beliefs, expectation of the end times


apostolaat

(Christianity) apostolate, apostleship (office or state of being an apostle)

(chiefly Christianity) evangelisation, proselytisation, mission


paasvuur

paasvuur n (plural paasvuren, diminutive paasvuurtje n)

paasvuren (plural)
paasvuurtje (diminutive neuter)


paasbaken

Compound of Pasen + baken. Probably from a Dutch Low Saxon term like paasboake.


theose

A relatively recent borrowing. Ultimately from Ancient Greek θέωσις (théōsis).

(rare, Christianity, chiefly Eastern Orthodoxy) theosis (gradual attainment of mystical union with or likeness to God)


apostelbrood

Compound of apostel (“apostle”) + brood (“bread”).

(historical, dated, Roman Catholicism) a piece of white bread distributed to the poor on Holy Thursday


zaligheid

zaligheid f (plural zaligheden, diminutive zaligheidje n)

zaligheden (plural)
zaligheidje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: saligheit

From Middle Dutch salicheit. Equivalent to zalig + -heid.

(Christianity, chiefly Roman Catholicism) salvation


liefdescommunisme

From liefde + -s- + communisme, calque of German Liebeskommunismus.

(Christianity, historical) communism of love, a way of living in which property is shared communally (mostly used in uncritical history books)


scapulier

scapulier n or n (plural scapuliers or scapulieren, diminutive scapuliertje n)

scapulier n or (canonical neuter)
scapuliers (plural)
scapulieren (plural)
scapuliertje (diminutive neuter)

(Roman Catholicism) scapular (type of cape worn by regular clergy)

(Roman Catholicism) scapular (hallowed object made of cloth worn by laity)


collatierecht

collatierecht n (plural collatierechten)

(historical, Christianity) right of patronage, advowson (right of a nobleman or patron to choose or influence the choice of a parish cleric)


collatie

From Middle Dutch collacie, from Old French collation, from Latin collātiō.

(Christianity) the act or procedure of installing a cleric in a parish or congregation

(Roman Catholicism) collation (monastic gathering involving a meal and a reading)


kasjroet

bor

Hebrew כַּשְׁרוּת


catechisatie

Afrikaans: katkisasie

Negerhollands: catechisation

→ Indonesian: katêkisasi

desc

→ Papiamentu: kadisashi, katisashi, catisasji

→ West Frisian: kategisaasje

(Christianity) catechesis (religious instruction)


haggada

nl-noun

haggada f (plural haggadot or haggada's)

/ˌɦɑ.ɡaːˈdaː/

bor

Hebrew הַגָּדָה

(Judaism) Haggadah (liturgical text used at the Seder based on the Exodus story)


drie-eenheidsmannetje

nl-noun

drie-eenheidsmannetje n (plural drie-eenheidsmannetjes)

Compound of drie-eenheid (“trinity”) + -s- + mannetje.

compound

Ook Victor Mozes was een drie-eenheidsmannetje, d.w.z. chazzan, rebbe en sjouchet.

2002, A.G. Steenbergen, Een eerlijcke plaets. Memorboek van joods Wageningen en omgeving, page 74:

Victor Mozes too was a trinity man, which is to say hazzan, rebbe and shochet.

(Judaism, uncommon) a rabbi who also has the role of hazzan and shochet


apologetiek

Borrowed from German Apologetik, ultimately from Latin apologētica.


Goede Herder

From Middle Dutch [Term?]. After John 10.


zielenherder

Compound of ziel (“soul”) + -en- + herder (“herdman, herder”).

(chiefly Christianity) pastor; a reverend, minister, priest or cleric


kerks

nl-adj

kerks (comparative kerkser, superlative meest kerks or kerkst)

kerkser (comparative)
meest kerks (superlative)
kerkst (superlative)
kerks (adverbial positive predicative)
kerkser (adverbial comparative predicative)
het kerkst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het kerkste (adverbial predicative superlative)
kerkse (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
kerksere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
kerkste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
kerks (indefinite neuter positive singular)
kerkser (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
kerkste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
kerkse (indefinite plural positive)
kerksere (comparative indefinite plural)
kerkste (indefinite plural superlative)
kerkse (definite positive)
kerksere (comparative definite)
kerkste (definite superlative)
kerks (partitive positive)
kerksers (comparative partitive)

Zij is kerkser dan haar vrouw.

She is a more frequent churchgoer than her wife.


heilsgeschiedenis

From heil + -s- + geschiedenis, calque of German Heilsgeschichte.


heilshistorie

From heil + -s- + historie, calque of German Heilsgeschichte.


bevindelijk

bevindelijk (adverbial positive predicative)
bevindelijke (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
bevindelijk (indefinite neuter positive singular)
bevindelijke (indefinite plural positive)
bevindelijke (definite positive)
bevindelijks (partitive positive)

Afrikaans: bevindelik

(Protestantism) of or pertaining to certain conservative orthodox (sections of) Reformed churches that emphasise strict scriptural authority and a passive experiential mysticism; ultraorthodox


erfzonde

nl-noun

erfzonde f (plural erfzonden or erfzondes)

Negerhollands: ervsondo

From Middle Dutch erfsonde. Equivalent to erven (“to inherit”) + zonde (“sin”).

(religion, chiefly Christianity) original sin


weerloosheid

(Protestantism, uncountable) nonviolence; the rejection of any violence even for self-defence, as practiced by the historic peace churches, especially the Anabaptists


biechtgeheim

(Roman Catholicism, uncountable) the principle of the secrecy of confession

(Roman Catholicism, countable, uncommon) a secret shared in confession


zendbrief

zendbrief m (plural zendbrieven, diminutive zendbriefje n)

zendbrieven (plural)
zendbriefje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch sendebrief. Equivalent to zenden + brief.

(dated, Christianity) epistle (ancient (apparent) letter, belonging to a New Testament canon or to the apostolic fathers)


kerstmis

Compound of kerst (“Christmas”) + mis (“mass”).


utraquist

(historical, Christianity) a Utraquist, a moderate Hussite


calixtijn

(historical, Christianity) a Calixtine, a Utraquist, a moderate Hussite


kalifaal

kalifaal (adverbial positive predicative)
kalifale (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
kalifaal (indefinite neuter positive singular)
kalifale (indefinite plural positive)
kalifale (definite positive)
kalifaals (partitive positive)


weerloosheidsbeginsel

Compound of weerloosheid + -s- + beginsel.

(Protestantism, uncountable) principle of nonviolence, as practiced by the historic peace churches, especially in reference to the Anabaptists


Epifanie

Ultimately from Late Latin epiphanīa, from Ancient Greek ἐπιφάνεια (epipháneia).


Zevenslaper

Univerbation of zeven slapers (“seven sleepers”).

(Christianity, fiction, chiefly in the plural) one of the Seven Sleepers of Ephesus


tegenpartijder

tegenpartijder m (plural tegenpartijders)

From tegenpartij + -er with epenthetic intervocalic -d-.

(dated, now only used in orthodox Protestantism) opponent, one who opposes (chiefly in political, moral, military or legal contexts)


vroegpreek

Compound of vroeg + preek. Attested slightly later than vroegpredicatie, of which it might be a shortening.

't Voorgaande was des Sondags morgens, eer de vroegpreek uit was, al gebeurd.

1691, Balthasar Bekker, De betoverde wereld, page 187:

The aforementioned has already happened on Sunday morning, before the early morning service has concluded.

Zoo zal de natuuronderzoeker, die des zondag's morgens de kerk verzuimt, of naar de vroegpreek is geweest (wat ik liever onderstellen wil) en om tien uren, half elf, in den Hout komt, op het Plein of bij den Koekamp (de naam is niet welluidend), eenige zwermen feestvierende vogels van den Haarlemmerdijk inhalen, per schuit van zevenen uit Amsterdam vertrokken.

1839, Nicolaas Beets, “Een onaangenaam mensch in den Haarlemmerhout”, in Camera obscura:

Then the naturalist, who has neglected to go to church on Sunday morning, or has gone to the early morning service (which I would rather suppose) and enters the Hout at ten o'clock, half past ten, will overtake a few flocks of partying birds [a zoomorphic metaphor, not a slang term] coming from the Haarlemmerdijk at the Plein or the Koekamp (the name is not euphonious), who had departed from Amsterdam with the barge of seven o'clock.

(Protestantism) a religious service held in the early morning, earlier than a usual morning service


archont

Ultimately from Ancient Greek ᾰ̓́ρχων (ắrkhōn). The final -t comes from the inflected forms of the Greek noun.


bedelorde

bedelorde f (plural bedelorden or bedelordes)

Compound of bedelen (“to beg”) + orde (“order”).


benedictijn

From Middle Dutch benedictijn, from Latin benedictīnus (possibly via Old or Middle French). Equivalent to Benedictus + -ijn.


Witte Donderdag

→ Indonesian: Kamis Putih


dominicaan

(Roman Catholicism) Dominican (member of the Dominican order)


pastorie

pastorie f (plural pastorieën, diminutive pastorietje n)

pastorieën (plural)
pastorietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: pastorí

(Christianity) parish house, parsonage, rectory, manse


geestdrijver

Compound of geest (“spirit, Holy Spirit; mind”) + drijven (“to drive, to lead, to chase”) + -er.

af

(religion, chiefly Protestantism) a zealot who purports to be guided by a deity, in particular by the Holy Spirit; originally used of Protestant sectaries who insisted on leadership by the Holy Spirit


paastak

Easter branch (branch of a shrub decorated with Easter-related ornaments)


begijnhof

nl-noun

begijnhof n (plural begijnhoven, diminutive begijnhofje n)

begijnhoven (plural)
begijnhofje (diminutive neuter)


hoererij

/ˌɦuː.rəˈrɛi̯/


sacramenteel

sacramenteel (adverbial positive predicative)
sacramentele (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
sacramenteel (indefinite neuter positive singular)
sacramentele (indefinite plural positive)
sacramentele (definite positive)
sacramenteels (partitive positive)


kardinalaat

Borrowed from French cardinalat, from Latin cardinālātus.


seider

Borrowed from Yiddish סדר (seyder), from Hebrew סֵדֶר.


rustaltaar

rustaltaar n (plural rustaltaren or rustaltaars)

rustaltaren (plural)
rustaltaars (plural)

(Roman Catholicism) an outdoor altar or an altar in a separate chapel where a ritual is performed during a procession, especially during a eucharistic procession


danklied

danklied n (plural dankliederen, diminutive dankliedje n)

dankliederen (plural)
dankliedje (diminutive neuter)


boeteprediker

(religion) a preacher of repentance, one who preaches that people should repent


soenniet

Ultimately from Arabic سُنِّيّ (sunniyy) + -iet.


soennitisch

soennitisch (adverbial positive predicative)
soennitische (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
soennitisch (indefinite neuter positive singular)
soennitische (indefinite plural positive)
soennitische (definite positive)
soennitisch (partitive positive)


soennisme

Ultimately from Arabic سُنِّيّ (sunniyy) + -isme.


sjiiet

Ultimately from Arabic شِيعَة (šīʕa) + -iet.

der

Arabic شِيعَة (šīʕa)


munster

From Middle Dutch monster, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Latin monastērium (“monastery”), from Ancient Greek μοναστήριον (monastḗrion).

(Christianity, chiefly historical) cathedral church


offeraar

nl-noun

offeraar m (plural offeraars or offeraren)

(religion) a sacrificer, one who offers a sacrifice


Galaten

(Christianity) Galatians (epistle in the New Testament)


buitentrouw

(historical, Protestantism, Anabaptism) marriage outside one's religious group, as a practice condemned by early Anabaptists


biechteling

Coordinate term: biechtvader

(Roman Catholicism) penitent, confessant (one who goes to confession, in particular one who frequents a particular confessor)


schietgebed

schietgebed n (plural schietgebeden, diminutive schietgebedje n or schietgebedeken n)

schietgebeden (plural)
schietgebedje (diminutive neuter)
schietgebedeken (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: skietgebed

(originally Roman Catholicism) a jaculatory prayer, a hurried prayer said in life-threatening circumstances


parochie

parochie f (plural parochies or parochiën)

From Middle Dutch prochie, from Latin parochia, from Ancient Greek πᾰροικῐ́ᾱ (păroikĭ́ā). The a was usually syncopated in Middle Dutch, but it was restored and became increasingly common in early modern Dutch due to influence of the Latin term.


abbatiaal

abbatiaal (adverbial positive predicative)
abbatiale (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
abbatiaal (indefinite neuter positive singular)
abbatiale (indefinite plural positive)
abbatiale (definite positive)
abbatiaals (partitive positive)

abbatial (pertaining to an abbey, abbot or abbess)


vroegpredicatie

vroegpredicatie f (plural vroegpredicaties)

Compound of vroeg + preek. Attested slightly earlier than vroegpreek, which might be a shortening of this term.

1673, Hieronymus Sweerts, "Gedachten in 't gaan na de Vroeg-predicatie" (written Vroegpredicatie in the index), Innerlycke ziel-tochten op 't H. Avontmaal en andere voorvallende gelegentheden, publ. by Hieronymus Sweerts, page 98.

1864, Willem Hendrik Haverkorn van Rijsewijk, Geschiedenis van de Gasthuiskerk en van den gasthuispredikant te Delft, J. H. Molenbroek (publ.), page 67. 1669. Op den 20ˢᵗᵉⁿ Januarij is in de vroegpredicatie gedoopt een nieuw geboren Dochtertje van Jacob Cornelisse, […]

(Protestantism, archaic) a religious service held early in the morning, earlier than a usual morning service


nonnenklooster

nonnenklooster n (plural nonnenkloosters, diminutive nonnenkloostertje n)

nonnenkloosters (plural)
nonnenkloostertje (diminutive neuter)


godzalig

nl-adj

godzalig (comparative godzaliger, superlative godzaligst)

godzaliger (comparative)
godzaligst (superlative)
godzalig (adverbial positive predicative)
godzaliger (adverbial comparative predicative)
het godzaligst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het godzaligste (adverbial predicative superlative)
godzalige (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
godzaligere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
godzaligste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
godzalig (indefinite neuter positive singular)
godzaliger (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
godzaligste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
godzalige (indefinite plural positive)
godzaligere (comparative indefinite plural)
godzaligste (indefinite plural superlative)
godzalige (definite positive)
godzaligere (comparative definite)
godzaligste (definite superlative)
godzaligs (partitive positive)
godzaligers (comparative partitive)

From god + zalig, a calque of German gottselig.


zelfsgenoegzaam

zelfsgenoegzaam (adverbial positive predicative)
zelfsgenoegzame (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
zelfsgenoegzaam (indefinite neuter positive singular)
zelfsgenoegzame (indefinite plural positive)
zelfsgenoegzame (definite positive)
zelfsgenoegzaams (partitive positive)

(obsolete, theology, philosophy) self-sufficient, existing independently


conciliair

conciliair (adverbial positive predicative)
conciliaire (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
conciliair (indefinite neuter positive singular)
conciliaire (indefinite plural positive)
conciliaire (definite positive)
conciliairs (partitive positive)

(Christianity, especially Roman Catholicism) conciliar, pertaining to a church council


Noach

(chiefly Protestantism) Noah (mythological Biblical figure)


Noë

From Middle Dutch noe, from Latin Nōē, from Ancient Greek Νῶε (Nôe), from Biblical Hebrew נֹחַ.

(chiefly Roman Catholicism) Noah (mythological Biblical figure)


doornenkroon

nl-noun

doornenkroon f (plural doornenkronen, diminutive doornenkroontje n)

doornenkronen (plural)
doornenkroontje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: doringkroon

Negerhollands: kroon van doornen

From Middle Dutch dornecrône. Equivalent to doorn + -en- + kroon.

(chiefly Christianity) a crown of thorns


kerkorde

kerkorde f (plural kerkordes or kerkorden)


Heilige Land

Probably a calque of Latin Terra Sancta.
The neighbourhood was mostly constructed by a Roman Catholic building corporation; its streets are named after Catholic institutions and figures from the history of Delft, which in turn led to the area receiving its current name.

(Christianity) Holy Land (Palestine, Israel)


boeddhist

Probably borrowed from German or English. Equivalent to Boeddha + -ist.


boeddhisme

Probably borrowed from German or English. Equivalent to Boeddha + -isme.


Boeddha

Ultimately from Pali Buddha, from Sanskrit बुद्ध (buddha).


kloosterschool

kloosterschool f (plural kloosterscholen, diminutive kloosterschooltje n)

kloosterscholen (plural)
kloosterschooltje (diminutive neuter)


Onzevader

Univerbation of onze + vader, from Latin Pater noster.


retabel

retabel n or m (plural retabels, diminutive retabeltje n)

retabels (plural)
retabeltje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French retable, from Spanish retablo, from Latin retrotabulum.

(Christianity, chiefly Roman Catholicism) retable (table or shelf behind an altar)


sjammes

sjammes m (plural sjammasjiem, diminutive sjammesje n)

sjammasjiem (plural)
sjammesje (diminutive neuter)

From Yiddish שמשׂ (shames), from Hebrew שַׁמָּשׁ (shamásh).

(Judaism) shamash or gabbai, a sexton in a synagogue


sjiisme

Ultimately from Arabic شِيعَة (šīʕa) + -isme.

der

Arabic شِيعَة (šīʕa)


absolutie

desctree

→ Indonesian: absolusi
→ Malay: absolusi

From Middle Dutch absolucie, from Latin absolūtiō.

(Roman Catholicism) absolution, absolvement of sins by a clerical authority


administratie

From Middle Dutch administracie, from Old French administration, from Latin administrātiō.

(chiefly religion) act of administering, e.g. of a ritual or sacrament


proosdij

From Middle Dutch proosdie, uncommon variant of provestie. Equivalent to proost + -ij.

(Christianity) a provosty, a provostship, a provostry; the office or remit of a provost/

(Christianity) the residence of a provost


reformeren

reformeren (infinitive)
reformeren (gerund neuter)
reformeer (first-person present singular)
reformeerde (first-person past singular)
reformeert (present second-person singular)
reformeer (present second-person singular)
reformeerde (past second-person singular)
reformeert (formal present second-person singular)
reformeerde (formal past second-person singular)
reformeert (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
reformeert (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
reformeerde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
reformeerde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
reformeert (present singular third-person)
reformeerde (past singular third-person)
reformeren (plural present)
reformeerden (past plural)
reformere (archaic present singular subjunctive)
reformeerde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
reformeren (archaic plural present subjunctive)
reformeerden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
reformeer (imperative present singular)
reformeert (archaic imperative plural present)
reformerend (participle present)
gereformeerd (participle past)

From Middle Dutch reformēren, from Middle French reformer, from Old French reformer, from Latin refōrmō.

(transitive, Christianity) to reform along Protestant lines


theocratie

→ Indonesian: téokrasi (“theocracy”)

Borrowed from French théocratie, from Ancient Greek θεοκρατία (theokratía).


introïtus

From Middle Dutch introitus, from Latin introitus.

(Roman Catholicism, music) introitus, introit


lekenvroomheid

(chiefly Roman Catholicism) lay devotion, lay piety


veldprediker

(historical, otherwise dated, chiefly Protestantism) a military chaplain, usually a Protestant one


kapelaan

nl-noun

kapelaan m (plural kapelaans, diminutive kapelaantje n)

kapelaans (plural)
kapelaantje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: kapelan

From Middle Dutch cāpellāen, borrowed from Medieval Latin cappellānus.

chaplain, curate, a Catholic priest working in a parish church


koorhek

(architecture, Christianity) a choir screen in a church


salafist

Borrowed, likely from English Salafist. Ultimately from Arabic سَلَف (salaf) + -ist.

a Salafist, a Salafi (Sunni Muslim who seeks to align modern Islam with early Islam)


docetisme

Probably borrowed, ultimately from Ancient Greek δοκέω (dokéō, “to appear, to seem”). Equivalent to doceet + -isme.


doceet

Probably borrowed from Latin Docetae, ultimately from Ancient Greek δοκέω (dokéō, “to appear, to seem”).

(historical, Christianity, chiefly in the plural) a Docete, an advocate of docetism, one of the Docetae


docetisch

(historical, Christianity, chiefly in the plural) docetic, pertaining to docetism


apocalyps

From Apocalyps (“Revelations”), from Middle Dutch apocalypsis, from Latin apocalypsis, from Ancient Greek ἀποκάλυψις (apokálupsis).

(Judaism, Christianity) apocalypse (religious genre)


apocalyptisch

apocalyptisch (adverbial positive predicative)
apocalyptische (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
apocalyptisch (indefinite neuter positive singular)
apocalyptische (indefinite plural positive)
apocalyptische (definite positive)
apocalyptisch (partitive positive)

Borrowed from Latin apocalypticus, from Ancient Greek ἀποκαλυπτικός (apokaluptikós). Equivalent to Apocalyps + -isch; some senses refer to apocalyps instead.

ἀποκαλυπτικός

(Judaism, Christianity) apocalyptic (pertaining to the Book of Revelations or the religious genre in general)


confessie

From Middle Dutch confessie, from Old French confession, from Latin cōnfessiō.

(religion) a religious affiliation or denomination

(chiefly Roman Catholicism) a confession of sins

(Christianity, chiefly Protestantism) a confession, a statement of faith

(Christianity, chiefly Protestantism) a confession, a formula stating articles of faith


stigmatisatie

(Christianity) stigmatisation, the appearance of stigmata


tantrisch

tantrisch (adverbial positive predicative)
tantrische (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
tantrisch (indefinite neuter positive singular)
tantrische (indefinite plural positive)
tantrische (definite positive)
tantrisch (partitive positive)

Probably borrowed from another West-European language. Equivalent to tantra + -isch.

(Buddhism, Hinduism, esotericism) tantric


canoniseren

canoniseren (infinitive)
canoniseren (gerund neuter)
canoniseer (first-person present singular)
canoniseerde (first-person past singular)
canoniseert (present second-person singular)
canoniseer (present second-person singular)
canoniseerde (past second-person singular)
canoniseert (formal present second-person singular)
canoniseerde (formal past second-person singular)
canoniseert (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
canoniseert (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
canoniseerde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
canoniseerde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
canoniseert (present singular third-person)
canoniseerde (past singular third-person)
canoniseren (plural present)
canoniseerden (past plural)
canonisere (archaic present singular subjunctive)
canoniseerde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
canoniseren (archaic plural present subjunctive)
canoniseerden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
canoniseer (imperative present singular)
canoniseert (archaic imperative plural present)
canoniserend (participle present)
gecanoniseerd (participle past)

From Middle Dutch canoniseren, from Middle French canoniser, from Ecclesiastical Latin canōnizō.

(transitive, chiefly Christianity) to canonise, to adopt into a canon of authoritative texts or lore

(transitive, Christianity, chiefly Roman Catholicism) to canonise, to accept into the canon of saints


concordaat

Borrowed from Middle French concordat, from Latin cōncordātum.


hellenist

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἑλληνιστής (hellēnistḗs). Helleen is attested considerably later.

(historical, Judaism) a Helleniser, a Hellenised Jew, a Hellenist (ancient Jew who had adopted Ancient Greek customs)


chtonisch

chtonisch (adverbial positive predicative)
chtonische (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
chtonisch (indefinite neuter positive singular)
chtonische (indefinite plural positive)
chtonische (definite positive)
chtonisch (partitive positive)

Ultimately from Ancient Greek χθών (khthṓn).


ciborie

From Middle Dutch cyborie, from Latin ciborium.

(Roman Catholicism) ciborium (covered receptacle for holding the consecrated wafers of the Eucharist)


midzomer

From Middle Dutch middesomer, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-West Germanic *midisumar, from Proto-Germanic *midjasumaraz (“midsummer”). Equivalent to mid- + zomer.


kinderdoop

(Christianity) infant baptism, paedobaptism


Epifaniën

Ultimately from Late Latin epiphanīa, from Ancient Greek ἐπιφάνεια (epipháneia).


beeldendienst

nl-noun

beeldendienst m (plural beeldendiensten)

(Protestantism, derogatory) idolatry directed at statues (religious worship or veneration of statuary) (often as a derogatory term used against Roman Catholicism)


cellarius

(Roman Catholicism) a monk tasked with the economic administration of a monastery


Gabriël

From Middle Dutch gabriel, from Latin Gabriel, from Ancient Greek Γαβρῑήλ (Gabrīḗl), from Hebrew גַּבְרִיאֵל.

der

Hebrew גַּבְרִיאֵל


stoepa

nl-noun

stoepa f (plural stoepa's, diminutive stoepaatje n)

stoepa's (plural)
stoepaatje (diminutive neuter)

(Buddhism) a stupa, dome-shaped Buddhist-type monument, as used to house relics of the Lord Buddha


Heilig Land

(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) the Holy Land


dominicaans

dominicaans (adverbial positive predicative)
dominicaanse (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
dominicaans (indefinite neuter positive singular)
dominicaanse (indefinite plural positive)
dominicaanse (definite positive)
dominicaans (partitive positive)

(Roman Catholicism) Dominican (pertaining to the Dominican order)


wederdoop

(Christianity) rebaptism (repeated baptism)


doopsel

From Middle Dutch dôopsel. Equivalent to dopen + -sel.


Parakleet

Borrowed from Latin paraclētus, from Ancient Greek παράκλητος (paráklētos).

(Christianity) Paraclete (title of the Holy Ghost)


Ezechiël

From Middle Dutch ezechiel, from Latin Ezechiēl, Koine Greek Ἰεζεκιήλ (Iezekiḗl), from Biblical Hebrew יְחֶזְקֵאל (Y'ḥezqēl, “God strengthens”).

der

(Judaism, Christianity, Islam) Ezekiel (Judahite prophet during the Babylonian Captivity, Biblical character)

(Judaism, Christianity) Ezekiel (book of the Hebrew Bible)


huidvraat

Compound of huid + vraat. Coined in the Nieuwe Bijbelvertaling.

(biblical) a scaly skin condition, traditionally associated with leprosy


liefdesmaal

(historical, Christianity) love feast, agape (communal meal held by early Christians)

(Christianity) love feast (communal meal held by pietists and some other Christian groups, e.g. Moravian)


goedertierenheid

From Middle Dutch goedertierenheit, variant of goedertierheit. Equivalent to goedertieren + -heid.

(now chiefly Christianity, otherwise archaic) lovingkindness


Ledeboeriaan

(Protestantism) a follower of the ultraorthodox Reformed minister Lambertus Gerardus Cornelis Ledeboer, characterised by extreme conservatism and distrust of centralism


nesjomme

Borrowed from Yiddish נשמה (neshome, “soul”), from Hebrew נְשָׁמָה (n'shamá).


dag des oordeels

nl-noun

dag des oordeels m (plural dagen des oordeels)

From Middle Dutch dach des oordeels, likely after Latin diēs iūdiciī.

(Abrahamic religion, chiefly singular) judgement day


uitverkiezen

uitverkiezen (infinitive)
uitverkiezen (gerund neuter)
verkies uit (first-person main-clause present singular)
verkoos uit (first-person main-clause past singular)
uitverkies (first-person present singular subordinate-clause)
uitverkoos (first-person past singular subordinate-clause)
verkiest uit (main-clause present second-person singular)
verkies uit (main-clause present second-person singular)
verkoos uit (main-clause past second-person singular)
uitverkiest (present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
uitverkoos (past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
verkiest uit (formal main-clause present second-person singular)
verkoos uit (formal main-clause past second-person singular)
uitverkiest (formal present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
uitverkoos (formal past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
verkiest uit (Flanders colloquial main-clause present second-person singular)
verkiest uit (archaic formal main-clause majestic present second-person singular)
verkoost uit (Flanders colloquial main-clause past second-person singular)
verkoost uit (archaic formal main-clause majestic past second-person singular)
uitverkiest (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
uitverkiest (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
uitverkoost (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
uitverkoost (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
verkiest uit (main-clause present singular third-person)
verkoos uit (main-clause past singular third-person)
uitverkiest (present singular subordinate-clause third-person)
uitverkoos (past singular subordinate-clause third-person)
verkiezen uit (main-clause plural present)
verkozen uit (main-clause past plural)
uitverkiezen (plural present subordinate-clause)
uitverkozen (past plural subordinate-clause)
verkieze uit (archaic main-clause present singular subjunctive)
verkoze uit (archaic main-clause past singular subjunctive)
uitverkieze (archaic present singular subjunctive subordinate-clause)
uitverkoze (archaic past singular subjunctive subordinate-clause)
verkiezen uit (archaic main-clause plural present subjunctive)
verkozen uit (archaic main-clause past plural subjunctive)
uitverkiezen (archaic plural present subjunctive subordinate-clause)
uitverkozen (archaic past plural subjunctive subordinate-clause)
verkies uit (imperative main-clause present singular)
verkiest uit (archaic imperative main-clause plural present)
uitverkiezend (main-clause participle present)
uitverkozen (main-clause participle past)

From Middle Dutch uteverkiesen. Equivalent to uit + verkiezen.

(transitive, now chiefly Protestantism) to choose, to elect, to predestine


panislamist

Probably borrowed. Equivalent to pan- + islam + -ist.


arminiaan

→ English: Arminian

(Protestantism) Arminian, especially a Remonstrant


arminiaans

arminiaans (adverbial positive predicative)
arminiaanse (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
arminiaans (indefinite neuter positive singular)
arminiaanse (indefinite plural positive)
arminiaanse (definite positive)
arminiaans (partitive positive)


Biblebelt

(Christianity) the Dutch Bible belt, an axis with a relatively high percentage of devout Protestants running from Zeeland in the southwest to Overijssel in the east


jakobsladder

jakobsladder f (plural jakobsladders, diminutive jakobsladdertje n)

jakobsladders (plural)
jakobsladdertje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of Jakob (“Jacob”) + -s- + ladder (“ladder”).


offerande

nl-noun

offerande f (plural offeranden or offerandes)

Afrikaans: offerande

From Middle Dutch offerande, from Old French offrande, from Latin offerenda.


erastiaans

erastiaans (adverbial positive predicative)
erastiaanse (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
erastiaans (indefinite neuter positive singular)
erastiaanse (indefinite plural positive)
erastiaanse (definite positive)
erastiaans (partitive positive)


erastiaan

Perhaps borrowed from English Erastian. Equivalent to Erastus + -iaan, after Thomas Erastus.


missionair

missionair (adverbial positive predicative)
missionaire (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
missionair (indefinite neuter positive singular)
missionaire (indefinite plural positive)
missionaire (definite positive)
missionairs (partitive positive)

/ˌmɪ.ʃoːˈnɛːr/

Borrowed from French missionnaire. Equivalent to missie + -air.

(religion, chiefly Roman Catholicism) missionary, active in or pertaining to mission


Elfduizendmaagdendag

From Middle Dutch elfdusentmaechdendach. Equivalent to elfduizend maagden (“eleven thousand virgins”) + dag (“day”). After the mediaeval legend of Saint Ursula, that told that eleven thousand maidens were martyred alongside her.

compound

(historical, Roman Catholicism) the feast day of Saint Ursula, 21 October


rabbijns

rabbijns (adverbial positive predicative)
rabbijnse (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
rabbijns (indefinite neuter positive singular)
rabbijnse (indefinite plural positive)
rabbijnse (definite positive)
rabbijns (partitive positive)

Afrikaans: rabbyns


episcoop

Borrowed from Latin episcopus, from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos).


doopvont

nl-noun

doopvont f or n (plural doopvonten, diminutive doopvontje n)

doopvonten (plural)
doopvontje (diminutive neuter)


patroonheilige

patroonheilige m or f (plural patroonheiligen)

From patroon (“patron”) + heilige (“saint”).


dwaalleer

Afrikaans: dwaalleer

Compound of dwalen (“to wander, err, diverge”) + leer (“doctrine, teaching”).

compound

(religion) a heresy, unorthodox opinion condemned by the religious establishment


presbyterianisme

Borrowed from English Presbyterianism. Equivalent to presbyteriaan + -isme.


trappistenbier

nl-noun

trappistenbier n (plural trappistenbieren, diminutive trappistenbiertje n)

trappistenbieren (plural)
trappistenbiertje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of trappist (“Trappist (monk of a certain Cistercian order)”) + -en- + bier (“beer”).

compound

a beer brewed at or under license from a Trappist monastery, which gives it a more specific name


trappist

a Trappist (monk of the Order of Cistercians of the Strict Observance)


exorciseren

exorciseren (infinitive)
exorciseren (gerund neuter)
exorciseer (first-person present singular)
exorciseerde (first-person past singular)
exorciseert (present second-person singular)
exorciseer (present second-person singular)
exorciseerde (past second-person singular)
exorciseert (formal present second-person singular)
exorciseerde (formal past second-person singular)
exorciseert (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
exorciseert (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
exorciseerde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
exorciseerde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
exorciseert (present singular third-person)
exorciseerde (past singular third-person)
exorciseren (plural present)
exorciseerden (past plural)
exorcisere (archaic present singular subjunctive)
exorciseerde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
exorciseren (archaic plural present subjunctive)
exorciseerden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
exorciseer (imperative present singular)
exorciseert (archaic imperative plural present)
exorciserend (participle present)
geëxorciseerd (participle past)

Borrowed from French exorciser, from Middle French exorciser, from Old French exorciser, from Latin exorcizō, from Ancient Greek ἐξορκίζω (exorkízō). Also borrowed in early modern Dutch from Middle French exorciser.

(transitive, religion) to exorcise; to free from a demon or evil spirit; to cast out (a demon or evil spirit)


algoed

algoed (adverbial positive predicative)
algoede (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
algoed (indefinite neuter positive singular)
algoede (indefinite plural positive)
algoede (definite positive)
algoeds (partitive positive)


abdijbier

nl-noun

abdijbier n (plural abdijbieren, diminutive abdijbiertje n)

abdijbieren (plural)
abdijbiertje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of abdij (“abbey”) + bier (“beer”).

a beer brewed at or under license from an abbey (monastery), which gives it a more specific name


godenwereld

(religion, mythology) a pantheon, a group of gods who are associated with each other

(religion, mythology) an abode of the gods, a realm of the gods


godenberg

(religion, mythology) a mountain where gods reside


parochiekerk

parochiekerk f (plural parochiekerken, diminutive parochiekerkje n)

parochiekerken (plural)
parochiekerkje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch prochiekerke. Equivalent to parochie + kerk. See parochie about the restored a.

(chiefly Roman Catholicism) a parish church


parochiekapel

parochiekapel f (plural parochiekapellen)

(chiefly Roman Catholicism) a parish chapel


parochieschool

parochieschool f (plural parochiescholen, diminutive parochieschooltje n)

parochiescholen (plural)
parochieschooltje (diminutive neuter)

(chiefly Roman Catholicism) a parish school, a confessional school administered by a parish


parochieboek

parochieboek n (plural parochieboeken, diminutive parochieboekje n)

parochieboeken (plural)
parochieboekje (diminutive neuter)

(chiefly Roman Catholicism) an ecclesiastical register of a parish, usually listing the members of a parish and often functioning as a chronicle

(Roman Catholicism, historical, often diminutive) an instruction book given to married couples by a parish


vrederijk

(chiefly Christianity, chiefly singular) kingdom of peace (usually in relation to eschatology)


altaarknaap

Compound of altaar (“altar”) + knaap (“knave, assistant”).

compound

(Roman Catholicism, rare) altar boy, male acolyte


hemelsleutel

nl-noun

hemelsleutel m (plural hemelsleutels, diminutive hemelsleuteltje n)

hemelsleutels (plural)
hemelsleuteltje (diminutive neuter)

From hemel (“heaven, paradise”) + sleutel (“key”).

compound

(literally, chiefly Christianity) the key to heaven


dieptekerstening

(historical, Christianity) in-depth Christianisation (Christianisation of individual behaviour and conscience)


collegiant

(historical, Protestantism) a member of a loose grouping of antidogmatic Protestant dissenters, originating from Warmond and Rijnsburg stressing toleration, rationalism, mysticism and millenarianism, chiefly during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries


diocees

From Middle Dutch diocese, from Middle French diocèse, from Late Latin diocēsis, from Ancient Greek διοίκησις (dioíkēsis).


diocesaan

diocesaan (adverbial positive predicative)
diocesane (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
diocesaan (indefinite neuter positive singular)
diocesane (indefinite plural positive)
diocesane (definite positive)
diocesaans (partitive positive)

Probably borrowed from French diocésain, from Late Latin diocēsanus.

(Christianity) diocesan, pertaining to a diocese


diocesaan

(Roman Catholicism) diocesan, member of a diocese


missiepost

nl-noun

missiepost f or m (plural missieposten, diminutive missiepostje n)

missieposten (plural)
missiepostje (diminutive neuter)

(chiefly Roman Catholicism) a mission station, a mission outpost


pelgrimeren

pelgrimeren (infinitive)
pelgrimeren (gerund neuter)
pelgrimeer (first-person present singular)
pelgrimeerde (first-person past singular)
pelgrimeert (present second-person singular)
pelgrimeer (present second-person singular)
pelgrimeerde (past second-person singular)
pelgrimeert (formal present second-person singular)
pelgrimeerde (formal past second-person singular)
pelgrimeert (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
pelgrimeert (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
pelgrimeerde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
pelgrimeerde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
pelgrimeert (present singular third-person)
pelgrimeerde (past singular third-person)
pelgrimeren (plural present)
pelgrimeerden (past plural)
pelgrimere (archaic present singular subjunctive)
pelgrimeerde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
pelgrimeren (archaic plural present subjunctive)
pelgrimeerden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
pelgrimeer (imperative present singular)
pelgrimeert (archaic imperative plural present)
pelgrimerend (participle present)
gepelgrimeerd (participle past)

Modelled on older Middle Dutch peregrineren. Equivalent to pelgrim + -eren.

(intransitive, Christianity) to go on a pilgrimage, to pilgrimage


kloosterlijk

nl-adj

kloosterlijk (comparative kloosterlijker, superlative kloosterlijkst)

kloosterlijker (comparative)
kloosterlijkst (superlative)
kloosterlijk (adverbial positive predicative)
kloosterlijker (adverbial comparative predicative)
het kloosterlijkst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het kloosterlijkste (adverbial predicative superlative)
kloosterlijke (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
kloosterlijkere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
kloosterlijkste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
kloosterlijk (indefinite neuter positive singular)
kloosterlijker (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
kloosterlijkste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
kloosterlijke (indefinite plural positive)
kloosterlijkere (comparative indefinite plural)
kloosterlijkste (indefinite plural superlative)
kloosterlijke (definite positive)
kloosterlijkere (comparative definite)
kloosterlijkste (definite superlative)
kloosterlijks (partitive positive)
kloosterlijkers (comparative partitive)

From Middle Dutch clôosterlijc. Equivalent to klooster + -lijk.


eigenklooster

From eigen + klooster, calque of German Eigenkloster.

Early Middle Ages
Early Middle Ages#English

(historical) a proprietary monastery (monastery that is the property of the landowner who has full authority over it, typical of the continental West-Germanic Early Middle Ages)


heiligenverering

nl-noun

heiligenverering f (plural heiligenvereringen)


inquisitie

From Middle Dutch inquisitie, from Middle French inquisition, from Latin inquīsītiō.

Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church

(historical, Roman Catholicism) an institute associated with the Roman Catholic Church that was responsible for the investigation and prosecution of heretics


vermaner

From Middle Dutch vermaner. Equivalent to vermanen + -er.

(Protestantism) a Mennonite preacher who is not qualified to administer sacraments


lutherij

(now obsolete, derogatory, countable) a view or action perceived as typical of Lutheranism


tanchelmisme

(historical, Christianity) a schismatic movement separating from Latin Christianity in the Low Countries during the twelfth century led by one Tanchelm, objecting to priests having concubines and claiming divine status for their leader, condemned and persecuted as a heresy


vluchtelingengemeente

vluchtelingengemeente f (plural vluchtelingengemeenten or vluchtelingengemeentes)

vluchtelingengemeenten (plural)
vluchtelingengemeentes (plural)

Compound of vluchteling + -en- + gemeente.

(Christianity, chiefly Protestantism) refugee congregation


nachtmaal

From Middle Dutch nachtmael (“supper”). Equivalent to nacht + maal.

(now chiefly historical, Protestantism) the Lord's Supper


kerkverband

(Christianity) denomination, church organisation, church polity


grootdoop

(Protestantism, rare) adult baptism, believers' baptism


volwassendoop

(Protestantism) adult baptism, believers' baptism


zwaardgeest

Compound of zwaard (“sword”) + geest (“spirit, mind”). Originally a derogatory term used by Mennonites.

compound

(historical, Protestantism) a violent Anabaptist of the group led by Jan van Batenburg, supporting the Münster rebellion; a Batenburger


martelaarsboek

nl-noun

martelaarsboek n (plural martelaarsboeken)

(Christianity) book of martyrs (devotional book in which the suffering of martyrs of the faith is uncritically described)


synodaal

synodaal (adverbial positive predicative)
synodale (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
synodaal (indefinite neuter positive singular)
synodale (indefinite plural positive)
synodale (definite positive)
synodaals (partitive positive)

Borrowed from Latin synodalis or Middle French synodal. Equivalent to synode + -aal.


schutspatroon

(Christianity) patron saint, especially one who is the patron of a settlement or occupation


altaarsteen

From Middle Dutch outaersteen. Equivalent to altaar + steen.


dispensatie

From Middle Dutch dispensatie, from Middle French dispensation, from Latin dispensātiō.

(Christianity) distinctive historical period typified by a particular dominant empire, according to apocalyptic theories


avondmaalsleer

(Christianity) doctrine regarding the Eucharist or Lord's Supper


sacramentariër

sacramentariër m (plural sacramentariërs)

Probably borrowed. Equivalent to sacrament + -ariër.

(historical, Christianity) a religious dissident during the sixteenth century who rejected Catholic doctrines like transubstantiation and veneration of saints but also rejected rebaptism and did not necessarily break with the Roman Catholic Church


controversetheoloog

controversetheoloog m (plural controversetheologen)

Likely borrowed or calqued. Equivalent to controverse + theoloog.

(historical, Christianity) a theologian who engaged as a polemicist in the early-modern Catholic-Protestant controversies


kloosterkerk

kloosterkerk f (plural kloosterkerken, diminutive kloosterkerkje n)

kloosterkerken (plural)
kloosterkerkje (diminutive neuter)


wurgdoek

(Christianity) a piece of cloth used to strangle someone (chiefly in relation to the martyr legends about Cunera and Godelieve)


ziekentrooster

ziekentrooster m (plural ziekentroosters)

Compound of zieke + -n- + troosten + -er.

(historical, Protestantism) a low-ranking Reformed cleric who provided pastoral care and catechism, said public prayers and was allowed to read but not write sermons


coccejaan

(historical, Protestantism) a follower of Johannes Cocceius in the Reformed church during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, advocating a prefigurative, less literalist, federal theology associated with openness to non-scholastic philosophy (especially Cartesianism) and acceptance of heliocentrism


rijksbisschop

rijksbisschop m (plural rijksbisschoppen)

(historical, Roman Catholicism) a prince-bishop of the Holy Roman Empire


bisschopsstad

bisschopsstad f (plural bisschopssteden)

(Christianity) a cathedral town or city (town or city that is the seat of a diocese)


godsdienstwetenschap

godsdienstwetenschap f (plural godsdienstwetenschappen)

religious studies (academic study of religious beliefs, behaviours and institutions)


stormgeweer

From stormen (“to storm, to assault”) + geweer (“long gun, rifle; weapon”), in the sense “assault rifle” a calque of German Sturmgewehr.

compound

(archaic, rare, chiefly Protestantism) any weapon or weaponry used for storming a settlement or fortification


kruisweg

From Middle Dutch cruuswech, from Latin via crucis. Equivalent to kruis + weg.

De kruisweg van Jezus is een belangrijk verhaal in de Bijbel.

The Passion of Jesus is an important story in the Bible.

Tijdens de vastentijd herdenken veel christenen de kruisweg van Jezus.

During Lent, many Christians commemorate the Passion of Jesus.

De kruisweg herinnert gelovigen aan het lijden en offer van Christus.

The Passion reminds believers of the suffering and sacrifice of Christ.

(Christianity, historical) the Passion of Jesus

De kerk heeft veertien stations van de kruisweg langs de muren.

The church has fourteen stations of the Way of the Cross along the walls.

De kruisweg-stations vertellen het verhaal van Jezus' laatste uren.

The Way of the Cross stations tell the story of Jesus' final hours.

Elk jaar lopen veel pelgrims de kruisweg in Jeruzalem.

Every year, many pilgrims walk the Way of the Cross in Jerusalem.

(Christianity) Way of the Cross (stations depicting the Passion)

Tijdens de kruisweg mediteren gelovigen over het lijden van Jezus.

During the Way of the Cross, believers meditate on the suffering of Jesus.

De kruisweg is een diepe spirituele oefening voor veel christenen.

The Way of the Cross is a profound spiritual practice for many Christians.

Op Goede Vrijdag nemen veel kerken deel aan de kruisweg-devotie.

On Good Friday, many churches partake in the Way of the Cross devotion.

(Christianity) Way of the Cross (religious devotion)


pontificaat

From Latin pontificatus, from pontifex (“high priest”), from pons (“bridge”) + facere (“make”).


minje

nl-noun

minje n or m (plural minjonem or minjes)

Borrowed from Yiddish מנין (minyen), from Hebrew מִנְיָן (minyán). Doublet of minjan.


godsregering

godsregering f (plural godsregeringen, diminutive godsregerinkje n)

godsregeringen (plural)
godsregerinkje (diminutive neuter)

/ˈɣɔts.rəˌɣeː.rɪŋ/


tekenhandeling

tekenhandeling f (plural tekenhandelingen)

From teken + handeling, perhaps a calque of German Zeichenhandlung.

(chiefly Christianity) a symbolic action (action that conveys a message or symbolism)


voorspraak

(Christianity, dated) divine advocate, intercessor


slavenhuis

slavenhuis n (plural slavenhuizen, diminutive slavenhuisje n)

slavenhuizen (plural)
slavenhuisje (diminutive neuter)

(uncountable, chiefly biblical) house of bondage (place where one is held in slavery)


matze

matze c (plural matzes, diminutive matzetje n)

matzes (plural)
matzetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Yiddish מצה (matse), from Hebrew מַצָּה (matsá).


paaswake

paaswake f (plural paaswaken or paaswakes)


schriftgeleerde

schriftgeleerde m (plural schriftgeleerden)

(religion) someone versed in Holy Writ, particularly in reference to Second Temple Judaism, but also applied to other, chiefly later periods; a scribe


depositie

Borrowed from either Latin dēpositiō or French déposition.

(Christianity) deposition (ritual placement of relics in a church or shrine)

(religion, historical) deposition (ritual placement of sacrifices in water, soil or another medium with cultic significance)


dawenen

dawenen (infinitive)
dawenen (gerund neuter)
dawen (first-person present singular)
dawende (first-person past singular)
dawent (present second-person singular)
dawen (present second-person singular)
dawende (past second-person singular)
dawent (formal present second-person singular)
dawende (formal past second-person singular)
dawent (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
dawent (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
dawende (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
dawende (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
dawent (present singular third-person)
dawende (past singular third-person)
dawenen (plural present)
dawenden (past plural)
dawene (archaic present singular subjunctive)
dawende (archaic past singular subjunctive)
dawenen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
dawenden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
dawen (imperative present singular)
dawent (archaic imperative plural present)
dawenend (participle present)
gedawend (participle past)

From Yiddish דאַוונען (davnen, “to pray”).


minjan

minjan n or m (plural minjaniem or minjans, diminutive minjannetje n)

minjaniem (plural)
minjans (plural)
minjannetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Hebrew מִנְיָן (minyán). Doublet of minje.


challe

challe f (plural challes, diminutive challetje n)

challes (plural)
challetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Yiddish חלה (khale), from Hebrew חַלָּה (khalá).


droosje

Borrowed from Yiddish דרשה (droshe), from Hebrew דְּרָשָׁה (drashá).

Na het lajenen gaf de rabbijn een droosje.

After the Torah reading, the rabbi gave a sermon.


parasja

parasja f (plural parasjot or parasja's, diminutive parasjaatje n)

parasjot (plural)
parasja's (plural)
parasjaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Hebrew פָּרָשָׁה (parashá).


parsje

parsje f (plural parsjes, diminutive parsjetje n)

parsjes (plural)
parsjetje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Yiddish פּרשה (parshe), from Hebrew פָּרָשָׁה (parashá).

Synonym of parasja (“parashah, weekly Torah portion”)


tot in der eeuwen eeuwigheid

Literally, “until the eternity of the ages”, a Biblical phrase (as in Daniel 7:18: Aramaic עַד עָלַם עָלְמַיָּא); compare also door de eeuwen der eeuwen.

der

עַד עָלַם עָלְמַיָּא

Aramaic עַד עָלַם עָלְמַיָּא

(idiomatic, Christianity, archaic) for a very long time


sjabbesgoj

nl-noun

sjabbesgoj m (plural sjabbesgojim, diminutive sjabbesgojtje n)

sjabbesgojim (plural)
sjabbesgojtje (diminutive neuter)

From Yiddish שבת גוי (shabes goy). By surface analysis, sjabbes + goj.


Vreugde der Wet

Calque of Hebrew שִׂמְחַת תּוֹרָה (simkhát torá).

cal

שִׂמְחַת תּוֹרָה


Chanoeklaas

Blend of Chanoeka + Sinterklaas. A similar formation can be found in English Chrismukkah, a merger of Hanukkah and Christmas, and similarly German Weihnukka. (Whereas in many Western countries presents are typically given on Christmas, the Dutch do so on Sinterklaas, yielding this merger of Hanukkah with Sinterklaas instead of with Christmas (Kerst).)

(Judaism) a fusion of the Jewish holiday of Hanukkah and the Dutch Christian holiday Sinterklaas, as practised by some Dutch Jews


Channeke

From Yiddish חנוכּה (khaneke), from Hebrew חֲנֻכָּה (chanuká).

(Judaism) Synonym of Chanoeka (“Hanukkah”)


Tamushi

Borrowed from Kari'na, Trió, and Wayana tamusi.

Elke indiaan kent de witachtige plekken aan den hemel, die bij ons als melkweg^([sic]) bekend zijn en weet te vertellen dat het klei, alino of alina, is, wat er den hemel op die plaats zoo onooglijk en bevlekt doet uitzien. Maar niet ieder weer er de herkomst van. De Indiaan^([sic]) echter zegt u, dat die klei afkomstig van de groote bakkerij, welke Tamusi er eenmaal op nahield, toen hij uit alino of alina, klei of leem, bezig was kalina, menschen te maken.

1908 December 20, F.P. Penard, Ph. Penard, “Indiaansche Legenden en Verhalen [Indian legends and stories]”, in De Surinamer, page 1:

Every Indian knows the whitish spots in the sky, known to us as the Milky Way, and will tell you that it is clay, alino or alina, which makes the sky in that place look so unsightly and stained. But not everyone knows their origin. The Indian, however, will tell you that the clay comes from the big pottery that Tamushi once operated there, when he was making kalina, humans, out of alino or alina, clay or loam.

Het eerste uit de grondbegrippen door Tamoesji opgedacht wezen (schepsel) is „wo“ of het eerst^([sic – meaning eerste]) woord = „wo“, dit beteekent mensch (wo-kili = man; wo-li = vrouw).

1915 July 4, J. Mols C.SS.R., “Encyclopædie van Nederlandsch West-Indië. Eén-Godsidee. III. XVI. [Encyclopedia of the Dutch West Indies. Monotheistic Idea. III. XVI.]”, in De Surinamer, page 1:

The first being (creature) conceived by Tamushi from the basic concepts is "wo" or the first word = "wo", which means human (wo-kili = man; wo-li = woman).

Het oude krakeel der westerse mogendheden om de Guyana's mocht zich dan al door de politieke ontwikkelingen gewijzigd hebben in een nieuw krakeel van kleinere potentaatjes, voor de Indianen die noch in Brazilië en Venezuela, noch in Frans-Guyana of in de onafhankelijke Republiek Suriname een bij de wet vastgelegd ‘grondrecht’ bezitten, bracht ook de coöperatieve Republiek Guiana^([sic]) nauwelijks enige verbetering in hun ‘wettelijke’ status. (...) Tamoesi, de onkennelijke, maar immer en overal tegenwoordige Geest door wie al het zijnde is zoals het is, en alles gebeurt zoals wij het zien gebeuren, moge zich over hen ontfermen en hen redden van algehele ondergang.

1983, Albert Helman, De foltering van Eldorado. Een ecologische geschiedenis van de vijf Guyana's [Eldorado's torment. An ecological history of the five Guianas], The Hague: Nijgh & Van Ditmar:

While political developments may have transformed the old squabbling of Western powers over the Guianas into a new squabbling of smaller potentates, even the Cooperative Republic of Guyana did little to improve the 'legal' status of the Amerindians, who do not enjoy a 'land right' enshrined in law in Brazil or Venezuela, French Guiana, or the independent Republic of Suriname, either. (...) May Tamushi, the unknowable but ever- and omnipresent Spirit who causes all being to be is as it is, and everything to happen as we see it happening, have mercy on them and save them from all-out destruction.

De installaties zijn met gebeden van de pater en een sjamaan in gebruik genomen. Er is heilig water gesprenkeld, sigarenrook geblazen om een lang leven voor de apparatuur af te smeken en is Tamushi gedankt voor de kennis om de krachten van de elementen op deze manier toe te passen.

2016 November 17, René Gompers, “Galibi neemt zonne-energiesysteem in gebruik [Galibi inaugurates solar power system]”, in Starnieuws, retrieved 2024-03-18:

The installations were put into use with prayers by the padre and a shaman. Holy water was sprinkled, cigar smoke was blown to invoke long life for the equipment and Tamushi was thanked for the knowledge to harness the powers of the elements in this way.

Laatst zag ik een bericht voorbijkomen over een ‘kinder-evangelisatie’- event. In een inheems dorp. (...) Het wil ook zeggen dat er nog steeds groepen inheemsen zijn die (...) er actief aan meewerken om de inheemse spiritualiteit verder naar de achtergrond te duwen. Het argument dat het toch allemaal één God is, slaat kant noch wal. Als dat zo was dan zouden christenen ook bidden tot Adayali of Tamoeshi. Maar dat doen ze niet.

2024 March 3, Christio Wijnhard, “Doctrine van LGMS [LGMS Doctrine]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2024-03-15:

The other day I saw a news item come across about a 'children's evangelisation' event. In an Amerindian village. (...) This also means that there are still groups of indigenous people who (...) actively collaborate in pushing indigenous spirituality further into the background. The argument that 'it is all one God after all' makes no sense. If that were so, then Christians would also pray to Adayali or Tamushi. But they don't.

(religion, chiefly Suriname) the preeminent male deity in the belief system of several indigenous peoples in Suriname


islamofascisme

Borrowed from English Islamofascism; superficially from islam + -o- + fascisme.


muzelman

nl-noun

muzelman m (plural muzelmannen, diminutive muzelmannetje n)

muzelmannen (plural)
muzelmannetje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle French musulman, from Ottoman Turkish مسلمان (Müslüman, “Muslim”), from Persian مسلمان (mosalmân, “Muslim”), from Arabic مُسْلِم (muslim, “Muslim”). Doublet of moslim.


Bijbelvertaling

nl-noun

Bijbelvertaling f (plural Bijbelvertalingen)


schijnoffer

(religion) a false or apparent sacrifice (act of sacrificial offering where a substitute is offered, or where the aspect of sacrifice is entirely fictive)


Onze Lieve Heer

Onze Lieve Heer heeft vreemde kostgangers


bensjen

bensjen (infinitive)
bensjen (gerund neuter)
bensj (first-person present singular)
bensjte (first-person past singular)
bensjt (present second-person singular)
bensj (present second-person singular)
bensjte (past second-person singular)
bensjt (formal present second-person singular)
bensjte (formal past second-person singular)
bensjt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
bensjt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
bensjte (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
bensjte (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
bensjt (present singular third-person)
bensjte (past singular third-person)
bensjen (plural present)
bensjten (past plural)
bensje (archaic present singular subjunctive)
bensjte (archaic past singular subjunctive)
bensjen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
bensjten (archaic past plural subjunctive)
bensj (imperative present singular)
bensjt (archaic imperative plural present)
bensjend (participle present)
gebensjt (participle past)

Borrowed from Yiddish בענטשן (bentshn). Doublet of benedijen.

(intransitive, Judaism) to bentsh (recite the Birkat Hamazon prayer)


blijde boodschap

blijde boodschap f (plural blijde boodschappen)

Calque of Latin bona annūntiātiō, itself a calque from Ancient Greek εὐαγγέλιον (euangélion), or directly calqued from the Ancient Greek.