Beuningen

* (Gelderland) First attested as boninge in 1139. Derived from the Old Dutch Bono (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing-.
* (Overijssel) First attested as in baningi in the late 10th century. Derived from the Old Dutch Bono (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing-.

Meronyms: Ewijk, Hoek, Hoeve, Weurt, Winssen

Beuningen (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)

A village in Losser, Overijssel, Netherlands


Berkelland

Meronyms: Avest, Beltrum, Borculo, Brammelerbroek, Brinkmanshoek, Broeke, De Bruil, De Haar, De Horst, Dijkhoek, Eibergen, Geesteren, Gelselaar, Haarlo, Heure, Holterhoek, Hoonte, Hupsel, Kisveld, Kulsdom, Leo-Stichting, Lintvelde, Lochuizen, Loo, Mallem, Nederbiel, Neede, Noordijk, Noordijkerveld, Olden Eibergen, Oosterveld, Overbiel, Rekken, Respelhoek, Rietmolen, Ruurlo, Ruwenhof, Schependom, Spilbroek, Veldhoek, Waterhoek, Zwilbroek

Berkelland (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Westerveld

Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and veld (“field”). The municipality is named after one of the former legal districts of Drenthe.
The surname derives from one of several toponyms.

Meronyms: Boschoord, Boterveen, Busselte, Darp, De Monden, Diever, Dieverbrug, Doldersum, Dwingeloo, Eemster, Eursinge, Frederiksoord, Geeuwenbrug, Havelte, Havelterberg, Het Moer, Het Schier, Holtien, Holtinge, Holtland, Kalteren, Leggeloo, Lhee, Lheebroek, Molenstad, Nijensleek, Oldendiever, Oude Willem, Soerte, Uffelte, Veendijk, Veldhuizen, Vledder, Vledderveen, Wapse, Wapserveen, Wateren, Westeinde, Wilhelminaoord, Wittelte, Zorgvlied

Westerveld (a municipality of Drenthe, Netherlands)


Neder-Betuwe

Compound of neder (“lower, downstream”) and the toponym Betuwe. The name of the municipality contrasts with Overbetuwe.

Meronyms: Den Akker, Dodewaard, Echteld, Eldik, Hien, Hoogbroek, IJzendoorn, Kesteren, Lede en Oudewaard, Ochten, Ooij, Opheusden, Pottum, Wely

Neder-Betuwe (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Overbetuwe

Compound of over (“upper, upstream”) and the toponym Betuwe. The name of the municipality contrasts with Neder-Betuwe.

Meronyms: Aam, Andelst, Bredelaar, Driel, Eimeren, Elst, Hemmen, Herveld, Heteren, Homoet, Indoornik, Keulse Kamp, Lakemond, Leedjes, Linden, Loenen, Merm, Oosterhout, Raayen, Randwijk, Reeth, Slijk-Ewijk, Snodenhoek, Valburg, Wolferen, Zetten

Overbetuwe (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Montferland

Likely derived from French Montferrand, a crusader castle in northern Syria. The municipality is named after a large motte-and-bailey castle.

Meronyms: Azewijn, Beek, Braamt, Didam, Friesland, Greffelkamp, Heide, Holthuizen, Kilder, Klein-Azewijn, Lengel, Loerbeek, Loil, Nieuw-Dijk, Oud-Dijk, 's-Heerenberg, Stokkum, Vethuizen, Vinkwijk, Zeddam

Montferland (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


De Friese Meren

Calque of West Frisian De Fryske Marren, derived in turn from Frysk (“Frisian”) and the plural form of mar (“lake”).

Meronyms: Akmarijp, Bakhuizen, Balk, Ballingbuur, Bantega, Bargebek, Boornzwaag, Boornzwaag over de Wielen, Brekkenpolder, Broek, Commissiepolle, De Bels, Delburen, Delfstrahuizen, De Polle, De Rijlst, Dijken, Doniaga, Echten, Echtenerbrug, Eesterga, Elahuizen, Finkeburen, Follega, Goingarijp, Harich, Haskerhorne, Heide, Hooibergen, Huisterheide, Idskenhuizen, Joure, Kolderwolde, Langweer, Legemeer, Lemmer, Marderhoek, Mirns, Nieuw Amerika, Nijehaske, Nijemirdum, Noed, Oldeouwer, Onland, Oosterzee, Oudega, Oudehaske, Oudemirdum, Ouwster-Nijega, Ouwsterhaule, Rijs, Rohel, Rotstergaast, Rotsterhaule, Rottum, Ruigahuizen, Scharsterbrug, Schouw, Sintjohannesga, Sint Nicolaasga, Sloten, Snikzwaag, Sondel, Spannenburg, Tacozijl, Terhorne, Terkaple, Teroele, Tjerkgaast, Trophorne, Tweehuis, Vegelinsoord, Vierhuis, Vinkeburen, Vrisburen, Westend, Westerend-Harich, Wijckel, Zevenbuurt

De Fryske Marren
De Fryske Marren#English

De Fryske Marren (a municipality of Friesland, Netherlands)


Oost Gelre

Derived from oost (“east-, eastern”) and the toponym Gelre.

Meronyms: De Schutterij, De Wopereis, Eefsele, Groenlo, Harreveld, Lichtenvoorde, Lievelde, Mariënvelde, 't Rolder, Tuute, Vragender, Zieuwent, Zwolle

Oost Gelre (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Geldermalsen

First attested as gelremalsen in 1494. Composite name derived from Gelre (“pertaining to Gelre”) and Malsen (etymology uncertain, likely a pre-Germanic hydronym *Malsna). Malsen was a fief that was split between Gelre and Buren around 1253, with Buren's share receiving the name Buurmalsen.

A village and former municipality of West Betuwe, Gelderland, Netherlands


Westervoort

First attested as westerwrd in 1025. Compound of Old Dutch wester (“west”) and wurt (“artificial mound used as shelter during floods”). The second component was later replaced by voort (“ford, crossing”).

Meronym: Schans

Westervoort (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Neerijnen

First attested as nederynen in 1265. Compound of neer (“lower, downriver”) (as opposed to Opijnen) and a second element of unclear origins.


Nunspeet

First attested as nunspiet in 1313. Etymology uncertain. The toponym is explained as *nuewenspete (derived from Middle Dutch nuwe (“new”) and spete (“dug ground”)) or alternatively as *nums-speet (derived from Middle Dutch nums (“nobody's, no-man's”) and spete (“dug ground”)). The first etymology is taken to mean "freshly dug ground", while the second etymology is explained as "no-man's land that anybody can use". The latter etymology fits slightly better with earlier forms of the name.

inh

Meronyms: Elspeet, Grote Kolonie, Hulshorst, Kleine Kolonie, Oosteinde, Vierhouten, Westeinde, Zoom, Zwarte Goor

Nunspeet (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Epe

First attested as ape in 1176. Derived from Old Dutch *apjô- (“land by a river”).

Meronyms: Boshoek, De Hegge, De Oosterhof, Dijkhuizen, Emst, Geerstraat, Gortel, Hanendorp, Laarstraat, Loobrink, Niersen, Oene, Schaveren, 't Laar, Tongeren, Vaassen, Vemde, Westendorp, Wijnbergen, Wissel, Zuuk

Epe (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Rheden

First attested as rheton in 960. Dative plural derivation from Old Dutch ret (“reeds”). A compound of riet (“reeds”) and heem (“home, settlement”) is impossible. Compare Reeth.

Meronyms: De Steeg, Dieren, Ellecom, Laag-Soeren, Spankeren, Velp

Rheden (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Scherpenzeel

* (Gelderland) First attested as v. scherpesiel in 1229. Compound of either Old Dutch Skarpo (a personal name) or skarp (“sharp, cutting”) and Middle Dutch sele (“hall house”).
* (Friesland) First attested as scherpensele and scarpensele in 1245. Compound of either Old Dutch Skarpo (a personal name) or skarp (“sharp, cutting”) and Middle Dutch sele (“hall house”).
The surname derives from one of several toponyms.

Scherpenzeel (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)

A village in Weststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands


Midden-Drenthe

Derived from midden (“middle”) and the toponym Drenthe.

Meronyms: Aling, Balinge, Beilen, Beilervaart, Bovensmilde, Brunsting, Bruntinge, De Polle, Drijber, Elp, Eursing, Eursinge, Garminge, Hijken, Hijkersmilde, Holthe, Hoogersmilde, Hooghalen, Klatering, Laaghalen, Laaghalerveen, Lieving, Makkum, Mantinge, Nieuw-Balinge, Oranje, Orvelte, Smalbroek, Rheeveld, Smilde, Spier, Terhorst, Westerbork, Wijster, Witteveen, Zuidveld, Zwiggelte

Midden-Drenthe (a municipality of Drenthe, Netherlands)


Tiel

First attested as dioli in 850-865. Etymology uncertain. Possibilities include a derivation from Middle Dutch tuyl (“agricultural land”) or from a term related to Middle Low German tûl (“copse”). Compare Thull, Tilburg, Tuil and Tull en 't Waal.

Meronyms: Bergakker, Drumpt, Kapel-Avezaath, Medel, Passewaaij, Wadenoijen, Zennewijnen

Tiel (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Heumen

First attested as homen in 1188. Etymology uncertain, although the origins of the name are likely Germanic. Perhaps derived from Middle Dutch homme (“mould”) (compare huim (“foetid air”)) and Old Norse húm (“twilight, dusk”). More at hom (“milt”).

Meronyms: Blankenberg, De Schatkuil, Ewijk, Heide, Malden, Molenhoek, Nederasselt, Overasselt, Schoonenburg, Sleeburg, Valenberg, Vogelzang, Worsum

Heumen (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Nijkerk

First attested as nyenkercke in 1333-1334. Compound of Middle Dutch nij (“new”) and kerk (“church”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Niekark.

Meronyms: Achterhoek, Appel, De Veenhuis, Doornsteeg, Driedorp, Hoevelaken, Holk, Holkerveen, Kruishaar, Nekkeveld, Nijkerkerveen, Palestina, Prinsenkamp, Slichtenhorst, 't Woud, Wullenhoven

Nijkerk (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Coevorden

First attested with certainty as koiforde in 1148. Equivalent to koe (“cow”) + voorde (“ford, crossing”). Compare Oxford.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Coevern.

Meronyms: Aalden, Achterste Erm, Ballast, Benneveld, Dalen, Dalerpeel, Dalerveen, De Haar, De Kiel, De Mars, Den Hool, Diphoorn, Eldijk, Erm, Gees, Geesbrug, Grevenberg, Holsloot, Hoogehaar, Kibbelveen, Klooster, Langerak, Meppen, Nieuwe Krim, Noord-Sleen, Oosterhesselen, Padhuis, Pikveld, Schimmelarij, Schoonoord, Sleen, Steenwijksmoer, Stieltjeskanaal, 't Haantje, Valsteeg, Veenhuizen, Vlieghuis, Vossebelt, Wachtum, Weijerswold, Wezup, Wezuperbrug, Zweeloo, Zwinderen

Coevorden (a city and municipality of Drenthe, Netherlands)


Zutphen

First attested as sutphem in 1101. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from a compound of Old Dutch sūth (“south-, southern”) and either fene (“peat bog, fen”) or fenne (“pasture, swampland”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Zutfent.

Meronyms: Bronsbergen, De Hoven, Leesten, Warken, Warnsveld

Zutphen (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


West Maas en Waal

The municipality is named for its location in the western half of the Land van Maas en Waal.

Meronyms: Alphen aan de Maas, Altforst, Appeltern, Beneden-Leeuwen, Berghuizen, Blauwesluis, Boven-Leeuwen, De Tuut, Dreumel, Greffeling, Maasbommel, Moordhuizen, Nieuwe Schans, Oude Maasdijk, Wamel, Woerd

West Maas en Waal
West Maas en Waal#English

West Maas en Waal (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Harderwijk

/ˌɦɑr.dərˈʋɛi̯k/

* (Gelderland) First attested as harderewich and herderewich in 1231. Etymology uncertain. A compound formed from either herder (“shepherd”) or harde (“solid, hard soil”) and wijk (“settlement, village”) is one possibility. Derivations from a shallow area near the city called Het Harde or Old Dutch Hardheri (a personal name) have also been proposed. Compare Hierden, Heerde and 't Harde. See also Dutch Low Saxon Harderwiek.
* (Noord-Holland) Attested as Harderwijk in 1764. Potentially named after the city.

Meronyms: Duinen, Frankrijk, Hierden

Harderwijk (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)

A hamlet in Opmeer, North Holland, Netherlands


Winterswijk

First attested as wintereswick in the 11th century. Compound of Old Dutch *Winidheri (a personal name) and wijk (“village, settlement”).
The surname is derived from the toponym.

Meronyms: Brinkheurne, Corle, Henxel, Huppel, Kotten, Meddo, Miste, Ratum, Woold

Winterswijk (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


De Wolden

Derived from the plural form of wold (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). The area covered by the municipality was formerly covered by a large complex of swamp forests.

Meronyms: Alteveer, Anholt, Ansen, Armweide, Bazuin, Benderse, Berghuizen, Blijdenstein, Bloemberg, Buitenhuizen, De Stapel, De Stuw, De Tippe, de Wijk, Drogt, Drogteropslagen, Echten, Eemten, Engeland, Eursinge, Fort, Gijsselte, Haakswold, Haalweide, Hees, Hoge Linthorst, Kerkenveld, Koekange, Koekangerveld, Kraloo, Leeuwte, Linde, Lubbinge, Lunssloten, Middelveen, Nolde, Oldenhave, Oosteinde, Oosterwijk, Oshaar, Oud Veeningen, Paardelanden, Pieperij, Rheebruggen, Ruinen, Ruinerweide, Ruinerwold, Schottershuizen, Schrapveen, Steenbergen, Struikberg, Ten Arlo, Veeningen, Vuile Riete, Weerwille, Wemmenhove, Witteveen, Zuidwolde

De Wolden (a municipality of Drenthe, Netherlands)


Lochem

First attested with certainty as lochem in 1188. Potentially a compound derived either from Middle Dutch locke (“garlic, Allium”) or Old Dutch loc (“hole, opening”) and heem (“home, settlement”).

Meronyms: Almen, Ampsen, Armhoede, Barchem, De Schoolt, Eefde, Epse, Exel, Gorssel, Groot Dochteren, Harfsen, Joppe, Klein Dochteren, Kring van Dorth, Langen, Laren, Nettelhorst, Oolde, Quatre Bras, Zwiep

Lochem (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Renkum

First attested as redincghem in 970. Compound derived from Old Dutch Rado (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing- and hem (“home, settlement”).

Meronyms: Buunderkamp, Doorwerth, Heelsum, Heveadorp, Kievitsdel, Oosterbeek, Wolfheze

Renkum (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Apeldoorn

First attested as appoldro in 790-793. Derived either from Old Dutch apuldra- (“apple tree”) or apuldron, or from a dative plural version of Proto-Germanic *apuldra- (“apple trees”). Compare Aperloo, Appeltern, Ter Apel, Apuldram, Apeldorn and Appeldorn.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Apeldoorne.

Meronyms: Assel, Beekbergen, Beemte-Broekland, De Haere, De Jonas, De Krim, Engeland, Gerritsflesch, Groenendaal, Hoenderloo, Hoog Buurlo, Hoog Soeren, Klarenbeek, Lieren, Loenen, Meerveld, Nieuw-Milligen, Oosterhuizen, Radio Kootwijk, Uddel, Ugchelen, Wenum-Wiesel, Woeste Hoeve, Zilven

Apeldoorn (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Aalten

First attested as aladna in 828. Etymology unclear. Likely derived from a phytonym (compare Old Norse alað (“food”), aldin (“edible fruit”), Old Swedish alda (“fruit-bearing oak”)). A proposed derivation from a hydronym derived from Proto-Indo-European *alat- (“shining, bending outward”) is far-fetched. Not etymologically related to aal (“poplar, Populus”). Potentially related to Aalden.

unk

unclear

cog

Meronyms: Barlo, Bredevoort, Dale, Dinxperlo, De Heurne, Groot Deunk, Haart, Het Beggelder, Heurne, Hollenberg, IJzerlo, 't Klooster, Lintelo, 't Villeken

Aalten (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Doesburg

First attested as dusburg in 1025. Etymology uncertain. Perhaps a compound derived from Old Dutch dust (“brushwood”) or dôse (“mossy fen”) and burg (“reinforced settlement, castle”). Compare Donzel, Dunsborg, Duisburg, Duisenburg and Duisdorf.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Doezebarg.

Meronyms: Beinum, Molenveld, Wemmersweerd

Doesburg (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Achtkarspelen

Borrowed from West Frisian Achtkarspelen, a compound of acht (“eight”) and the plural form of karspel (“parish”). The municipality is named after a former legal district which encompassed eight parishes.

Meronyms: Augustinusga, Barghiem, Blauwhuis, Blauwverlaat, Boelenslaan, Buitenpost, Buweklooster, Buwetille, De Kooten, De Laatste Stuiver, Dijkhuizen, Drogeham, Egypte, Gerben Allesverlaat, Gerkesklooster, Hamsterpein, Hamshorn, Harkema, Hiltjemoeiswouden, Jachtveld, Kootstertille, Kortwoude, Lutkepost, Monniketille, Ophuis, Opperkooten, Rohel, Roodeschuur, Stroobos, Surhuisterveen, Surhuizum, Surhuizumer Mieden, Twijzel, Twijzelerheide, Uitland, Vierhuizen, Westerend, Wildpad, Wildveld

Achtkarspelen (a municipality of Friesland, Netherlands)


Zaltbommel

First attested as in bomala in 850. Etymology uncertain. Potentially a compound of zout (“salt”) and a compound element derived from Old Dutch bom (“tree”) and lo (“light forest”). The element zout potentially refers to trade in salt or, alternatively, to a tidal bore that drove seawater to the city. The interpretation of the first element as Proto-Germanic *salah- (“willow, Salix”) is incorrect. Compare Maasbommel.

Meronyms: Aalst, Bern, Brakel, Bruchem, Delwijnen, De Rietschoof, Gameren, Kerkwijk, Nederhemert-Noord, Nederhemert-Zuid, Nieuwaal, Poederoijen, Poederoijensehoek, Zuilichem

Zaltbommel (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Oude IJsselstreek

Derived from oud (“old”) and a compound of the hydronym IJssel and streek (“area, region”).

Meronyms: Bontebrug, Breedenbroek, De Heuven, Elten, Engbergen, Gendringen, Heelweg, IJsselhunten, Megchelen, Milt, Netterden, Rafelder, Silvolde, Sinderen, Terborg, Ulft, Varsselder, Varsseveld, Veldhunten, Voorst, Vriezelaar, Wals, Warm, Westendorp, Wieken, Ziek

Oude IJsselstreek
Oude IJsselstreek#English

Oude IJsselstreek (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Bronckhorst

Meronyms: Achter-Drempt, Baak, Bekveld, Bronkhorst, Delden, De Meene, Drempt, Dunsborg, Eldrik, Gooi, Halle, Halle-Heide, Halle-Nijman, Heidenhoek, Hengelo, Heurne, Hoog-Keppel, Hummelo, Keijenborg, Kranenburg, Laag-Keppel, Linde, Medler, Meuhoek, Mossel, Noordink, Olburgen, Oosterwijk, Rha, Steenderen, Toldijk, Varssel, Veldhoek, Veldwijk, Velswijk, Vierakker, Voor-Drempt, Vorden, Wassinkbrink, Wichmond, Wientjesvoort, Wildenborch, Winkelshoek, Wittebrink, Wolfersveen, Zelhem

Bronckhorst (a municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Arnhem

First attested as arneym in 893. Compound derived from Old Dutch Aro (“a personal name”) or Arn (a personal name) (both deriving in turn from Proto-Germanic *arnu- (“eagle”)) and heem (“home, settlement”).
The surname is derived from the toponym.

Meronyms: De Praets, Elden, Schaarsbergen, Terlet, 't Vlot

Arnhem (a city, municipality, and capital of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Duiven

First attested as thuuina in 838. Likely derived from Old Dutch thufina (“hillock”). There are indications that the original meaning of the name was forgotten fairly quickly, as is evidenced by an inhabitant being called de Columba ("of the Pigeons", with the original name being confused for duiven (“pigeons”)) in a text from 1297. Compare Duiveland, Duivendijke, Duivendrecht and Duivenvoorde.

Meronyms: De Eng, Groessen, Helhoek, Het Leuven, Loo, Nieuwgraaf

Duiven (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Voorst

* (Voorst) First attested as worst in 893. Derived from Old Dutch vorst (“preserve”).
* (Oude IJsselstreek) First attested as forsto in 1329. Derived from Old Dutch vorst (“preserve”).
* (Roerdalen) First attested as Neu Vorst and Alt Vorst in 1803-1820. Derived from Old Dutch vorst (“preserve”). See also Limburgish De Varsj.

Meronyms: Appen, Bussloo, De Kar, De Vecht, De Wijk, Duistervoorde, Gietelo, Klein Amsterdam, Nijbroek, Noord-Empe, Posterenk, Spekhoek, Steenenkamer, Terwolde, Teuge, Twello, Wilp, Wilp-Achterhoek

Voorst (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)

A hamlet in Oude IJsselstreek, Gelderland, Netherlands

A hamlet in Roerdalen, Limburg, Netherlands


Zevenaar

First attested as subenhara around 1047. Etymology uncertain. Potentially a compound of a personal name and Old Dutch *hara (“sandy ridge”).

Meronyms: Aerdenburg, Aerdt, Angerlo, Babberich, Bahr, Bevermeer, Bingerden, Geitenwaard, Giesbeek, Herwen, Holthuizen, Kijfwaard, Kwartier, Lathum, Lobith, Ooy, Pannerden, Oud-Zevenaar, Spijk, Tolkamer, Tuindorp, Veldhuizen, Zweekhorst

Zevenaar (a city and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Berg en Dal

First attested in 1867. Derived from berg (“hill, elevated place”), en (“and”) and dal (“valley, vale”). Named for the hilly landscape.

Meronyms: Beek, Breedeweg, De Horst, De Kamp, De Vlietberg, Erlecom, Grafwegen, Groenlanden, Groesbeek, Haukes, Heilig Landstichting, Holdeurn, Kekerdom, Leuth, Millingen aan de Rijn, Ooij, Persingen, Plak, Tiengeboden, Ubbergen, Valkenlaagte, Wercheren, Zeeland

Berg en Dal (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Berg en Dal

Sranan Tongo: Bergi

A settlement and former plantation in Brokopondo, Suriname


Zeewolde

First attested as seaeuuald and seuuuald in 793. Compound of Old Dutch sew (“sea, lake”) and uuald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). Originally the name of a forest somewhere near Gelderland. The name was later chosen as a suitable name for one of the planned villages in the Flevopolder.

Meronym: Harderhaven

Zeewolde (a village and municipality of Flevoland, Netherlands)


Putten

* (Gelderland) First attested as puthem in 855. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Dutch putti (“well”). Not a compound derived from put (“well”) and heem (“home, homestead”).
* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as Putten in 1865. Derived from the dative plural form of put (“well”).

Meronyms: Bijsteren, Diermen, Gerven, Halvinkhuizen, Hell, Hoef, Huinen, Huinerbroek, Huinerwal, Koudhoorn, Krachtighuizen, Steenenkamer, 't Oever, Veenhuizerveld

Putten (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Rozendaal

* (Gelderland) First attested as rosendale in 1317. Compound of roos (“rose”) and dal (“vale, valley”). Named after a castle built by count Reinald I.
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as Rosendael in 1687. Compound of roos (“rose”) and dal (“vale, valley”). Originally the name of a polder.
* (Utrecht) Compound of roos (“rose”) and dal (“vale, valley”). Named after a former farmhouse.
The surname derives from a compound of roos (“rose”) and dal (“dale, valley”) or from one of several toponyms.

Meronym: Imbosch

Rozendaal (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)

A hamlet in Krimpenerwaard, South Holland, Netherlands


Leeuwarderadeel

Calque of West Frisian Ljouwerteradiel, a compound of the toponym Ljouwert and diel (“district, rural administrative area”).

Leeuwarderadeel (a former municipality of Friesland, Netherlands)


Heerde

First attested as herodna in 838. Likely derived from Proto-Germanic *harud (“forested heights”) with locative -n- suffix. Compare Hierden, Harderwijk and 't Harde.

inh

Meronyms: Bakhuisbos, Berghuizen, Hoorn, Hoornerveen, Horsthoek, Markluiden, Veessen, Vorchten, Wapenveld, Wapenveld-Noord, Werven, Wolbert

Heerde (a village and municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands)


Tietjerksteradeel

Borrowed from West Frisian Tytsjerksteradiel, a compound of the toponym Tytsjerk and diel (“district, rural administrative area”).

Meronyms: Bartlehiem, Bergum, De Joere, Eernewoude, Eestrum, Garijp, Giekerk, Giekerkerhoek, Hardegarijp, Hoogzand, Iniaheide, Kleinegeest, Molenend, Noordbergum, Noordermeer, Oenkerk, Oostermeer, Oudkerk, Quatrebras, Rijperkerk, Schuilenburg, Siegerswoude, Suameer, Suameerderheide, Suawoude, Tietjerk, Veenwoudsterwal, Wijns, Witveen, Zevenhuizen, Zwartewegsend

Tytsjerksteradiel (a municipality of Friesland, Netherlands)


Middelburg

From middel- (“middle”) + burg (“fortified settlement, castle”).
* (Zeeland) First attested as mittelburgenses in 1102-1105.
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as middelburgh in 1316. The toponym contrasts with Randenburg.

af

Meronyms: Arnemuiden, Brigdamme, Kleverskerke, Nieuw-Abeele, Nieuw- en Sint Joosland, Oudedorp, Schellach, Sint Laurens

Middelburg (a city, municipality, and capital of Zeeland, Netherlands)

A hamlet and former municipality of Bodegraven-Reeuwijk, South Holland, Netherlands


Tynaarlo

First attested as to inarloe in 1424. Compound of Old Dutch *are (“maple”) and lo (“light forest”). The initial Tyn- is the result of a contraction of the prepositions te (“at”) and in (“in”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Tinoarlo.

Meronyms: Bunne, De Groeve, De Punt, Donderen, Eelde, Eelderwolde, Midlaren, Oosterbroek, Oudemolen, Paterswolde, Schelfhorst, Taarlo, Vries, Winde, Yde, Zeegse, Zeijen, Zuideinde, Zuidlaarderveen, Zuidlaren

Tynaarlo (a village and municipality of Drenthe, Netherlands)


Zuidwest-Friesland

Calque of West Frisian Súdwest-Fryslân, a compound of súdwest (“southwest”) and Fryslân (“Frisia”).

Meronyms: Aaksens, Abbega, Abbegaasterketting, Abbegaasterrige, Allingawier, Andelahuizen, Angterp, Anneburen, Arkum, Arum, Atzeburen, Baarderburen, Baburen, Barsum, Bessens, Bernsterburen, Bittens, Blauwhuis, Bloemkamp, Bolsward, Bonjeterp, Bootland, Bovenburen, Bozum, Breezanddijk, Britswerd, Burgwerd, Cornwerd, De Band, De Bieren, De Bird, De Blokken, Dedgum, Deersum, De Hel, De Grits, De Kat, De Klieuw, De Nes, De Polle, De Rode Schuur, De Weeren, De Wieren, Dijksterburen, Doniaburen, Doniawier, Draaisterhuizen, Driehuizen, Edens, Eemswoude, Engwerd, Engwier, Exmorra, Exmorrazijl, Ferwoude, Feyteburen, Flansum, Folsgare, Gaast, Gaastmeer, Galamadammen, Gauw, Goënga, Goëngamieden, Gooium, Grauwe Kat, Greonterp, Grotewierum, Grote Wiske, Harkezijl, Hartwerd, Hayum, Heeg, Hemert, Hemelum, Hennaard, Het Heidenschap, Het Vliet, Hichtum, Hidaard, Hidaarderzijl, Hiddum, Hieslum, Hindeloopen, Hoekens, Hommerts, Hornsterburen, Houw, Idsegahuizum, Idserdaburen, Idzega, IJlst, IJsbrechtum, Indijk, Itens, Jet, Jonkershuizen, Jousterp, Jouswerd, Jutrijp, Kampen, Kerkeburen, Kimswerd, Kleine Gaastmeer, Kleine Wiske, Kleiterp, Knossens, Kooihuizen, Kornwerderzand, Koudehuizum, Koudum, Koufurderrige, Kromwal, Kubaard, Laad en Zaad, Laaxum, Lippenwoude, Loënga, Lollum, Longerhouw, Lutkewierum, Lytshuizen, Makkum, Meilahuizen, Molkwerum, Montsamaburen, Nijeburen, Nijeklooster, Nijezijl, Nijhuizum, Nijland, Offingawier, Oosterend, Oosterwierum, Oosthem, Oppenhuizen, Osingahuizen, Ottenburen, Oudega, Parrega, Piaam, Piekezijl, Pingjum, Poppingawier, Rauwerd, Remswerd, Rien, Rijtseterp, Roodhuis, Sandfirden, Sandfirderrijp, Scharl, Scharneburen, Scharnegoutum, Schettens, Schraard, Schrok, Sieswerd, Sijbrandaburen, Sjungadijk, Smallebrugge, Sneek, Sotterum, Speers, Spijk, Stavoren, Strand, Swaanwerd, Terzool, Tirns, Tjalhuizum, Tjerkwerd, Uitwellingerga, Vierhuizen, Viersprong, Vijfhuis, Vissersburen, Waaxens, Warns, Westerlittens, Westhem, Wieuwerd, Witmarsum, Wolsum, Wolsumerketting, Wommels, Wonneburen, Wons, Workum, Woudsend, Ypecolsga, Zurich, Zwarte Beien

Súdwest-Fryslân (a municipality of Friesland, Netherlands)


Emmen

* ( Drenthe) First attested as in emne in 1139. Etymology unknown. Potentially derived from a prehistoric hydronym. Compare Emen and Holtemme.
* (Overijssel) First attested as eme in 1301. Potentially derived from Middle Dutch eem (“water”).

unk

unknown

Meronyms: Amsterdamscheveld, Barger-Compascuum, Barger-Erfscheidenveen, Barger-Oosterveen, Barger-Oosterveld, Emmer-Compascuum, Emmer-Erfscheidenveen, Erica, Ermerveen, Foxel, Klazienaveen, Koelveen, Middendorp, Munsterscheveld, Nieuw-Amsterdam, Nieuw-Dordrecht, Nieuw-Schoonebeek, Nieuw-Weerdinge, Noordbarge, Oosterse Bos, Oranjedorp, Roswinkel, Schoonebeek, Schutwijk, Veenoord, Weerdinge, Weiteveen, Westenesch, Westerse Bos, Wilhelmsoord, Zandpol, Zuidbarge, Zwartemeer

A city and municipality of Drenthe, Netherlands without city rights

A hamlet in Dalfsen, Overijssel, Netherlands


Vlieland

The island is first attested as vlielant in 1414 or 1415. Its name derives from a compound of the hydronym Vlie and land (“land”). Compare Flevoland. See also West Frisian Flylân.
The hamlet is first attested as vlieland in 1317. Its name derives from Middle Dutch vlietland (“low-lying land subject to flooding”).

inh

Vlieland (an island and municipality of Friesland, Netherlands)

A hamlet in Pijnacker-Nootdorp, South Holland, Netherlands


Zelder

First attested as sellar in 1357. Compound derived from an unclear first element and laar (“intensively cultivated forest”). The first element has been variously interpreted as a contraction of Middle Dutch seer (“sick, ill”) or sere, sel (“hall house”) and Proto-Germanic *salah (“willow”).

A hamlet in Gennep, Limburg, Netherlands


Dalen

First attested as in dalon in the 12th century. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Dutch dal (“dale, valley”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Daolen.

A village and former municipality of Coevorden, Drenthe, Netherlands


Wesch

First attested as Wesch (de) in 1877. Derived from Limburgish wesj (“washing place”). The reading of the toponym as wisch (“wet pasture”) is erroneous. Compare Waskemeer.
See also Limburgish De Wesj.

A hamlet in Eijsden-Margraten, Limburg, Netherlands


Darp

First attested as Erp in 1851-1855. Derived from an ablauted variant of dorp (“farmstead, village, subsidiary settlement”).

A village in Westerveld, Drenthe, Netherlands


Ool

First attested as ole between 1294 and 1295. Derived from ool (“land next to water, humid low-lying land”), an obsolete derivative of Proto-West Germanic *auwju (“floodplain, meadow”).
See also Limburgish Oeal.

der

A village in Roermond, Limburg, Netherlands


Barbarije

(dated, historical) Barbary (the Mediterranean coastal region of North Africa)


Achel

First attested as achile in 1139. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Dutch *lō (“light forest”).

A village and former municipality of Hamont-Achel, Belgium


Swifterbant

First attested as suifterbant in 793. Derived from Old Dutch swifter (“left, northern”) and bant (“region, inhabited area”), from Proto-Germanic *bant-, *bantō, *banti (“district, region”), which could be from Proto-Indo-European *bʰonHdeₕ₂-, *bʰonHdos- (“useful, beneficial, good”), from *bʰHdús-.
Originally the name of a forest. The name was later chosen as suitable for one of the planned villages in the Flevopolder.

A village in Dronten, Flevoland, Netherlands


Steeg

* (Limburg) Attested as Steeg in 1838-1857. Derived from steeg (“alley, narrow pathway”).
* (Gelderland) Attested as ter stege in 1450. Derived from steeg (“alley, narrow pathway”).

Horst aan de Maas
Horst aan de Maas#English

A hamlet in Horst aan de Maas, Limburg, Netherlands


Pama

Derived from West Frisian Pama (a surname).

A hamlet in Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands


Asten

First attested as astene in 1202-1212. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from Proto-Germanic *asta- (“oven”).

Meronyms: Achterbos, Achterste Diesdonk, Behelp, Bussel, De Beek, De Berken, Dijk, Heusden, Laarbroek, Ommel, Oostappen, Rinkveld, Stegen, Voordeldonk, Voorste Diesdonk, Vosselen

Asten (a village and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Laude

First attested as lauder marke in 1466. Etymology unknown. Potentially related to Proto-Germanic *lauthô (“pool, swamp”), although this proposed etymology poses phonological difficulties.

unk

unknown

A hamlet in Westerwolde, Groningen, Netherlands


Burum

First attested as burum in 1408. Borrowed from West Frisian Boerum, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian buur (“home, cottage”). Compare Bierum and Sexbierum.

A village and former municipality of Noardeast-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Sassenheim

First attested as uuestsagnem in 918-948. From Middle Dutch Sassenem, from Old Dutch Saxnem. Equivalent to Saso (a given name) + -en- + heim (“home”). The first element is unlikely to refer to the Saxon peoples. Compare Saaksum, Lutke Saaxum and Saaxumhuizen.

com

A village and former municipality of Teylingen, South Holland, Netherlands to the north of Leiden and Oegstgeest


Plak

First attested as Plak in 1843. Derived from a dialectal variant of plag (“chunk of grass or turf”).

A hamlet in Berg en Dal, Gelderland, Netherlands


Kreek

First attested as De Kreek in 1838-1857. Derived from kreek (“small inlet or gully in a tidal zone”), which is from the same ultimate source as English creek.

A hamlet in Moerdijk, North Brabant, Netherlands


Uden

First attested as uthen in 1190. Etymology unknown. No relationship with Proto-Indo-European *ud- (“water, marsh”).
The surname derives from the toponym.

unk

unknown

cog

A town and former municipality of Maashorst, North Brabant, Netherlands


Zandberg

* (Drenthe) Attested as Sandberg in 1781. Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Zaandbarg, Saandbaarg.
* (Gelderland) Attested as Zandberg (De) in 1874. Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”).
* (Peel en Maas, Helden) Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”).
* (Peel en Maas, Maasbree) Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”).
* (Simpelveld) Attested as Sandberg in 1797. Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”). Named after a nearby farmhouse.
* (Zeeland) Attested as Zantbergen in 1575. Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”). Named after a nearby sand ridge.
* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as achter die zantberge in 1411. Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“elevated place, hill”).
* (Overijssel) First attested as bij den berch in 1447. Compound of zand (“sand”) and berg (“hill, elevated place”).
The surname derives from one of the toponyms or from zandberg.

A village in Borger-Odoorn, Drenthe, Netherlands

A hamlet in Buren, Gelderland, Netherlands

A hamlet in Peel en Maas, Limburg, Netherlands

A hamlet in Simpelveld, Limburg, Netherlands


Faan

First attested as fene in the 13th century. Derived from Old Frisian fane (“peat bog, marsh”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon t Voan.

A village in Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands


Fontein

* (Aruba) Derived from fontein (“spring, source”).
* (Curaçao) Derived from fontein (“spring, source”). Originally the name of a plantation.
The surname derives from one of the senses of fontein or from one of several toponyms.


Witteveen

* (Midden-Drenthe) First attested as het Witteveen in 1856. Compound of wit (“white”) and veen (“peat bog, marsh”). Compare It Wytfean.
* (De Wolden) First attested as Witteveen in 1913. Compound of wit (“white”) and veen (“peat bog, marsh”). Compare It Wytfean. See also Dutch Low Saxon Wittevène.
The surname derives from one of several toponyms.

A village in Midden-Drenthe, Drenthe, Netherlands

A hamlet in De Wolden, Drenthe, Netherlands


Altena

* (Noord-Brabant) From Middle Dutch Altena, Holtena (among other spellings), from an Old Dutch term which is only attested as Latinized Huoltena, the name of a river probably deriving from Proto-Germanic *hultą (“wood”) + *ahwō (“water, river”); thuis equivalent to hout + a.
* (Drenthe) First attested as de altena in 1143, 1145 and 1167. Compound of al (“much”), te (“too”) and na (“close”). The toponym contrasts with Alteveer. Compare Matena, Nauerna and Nergena. See also Dutch Low Saxon Altenao.
* (Zeeland)
The surname derives from one of several toponyms.

Meronyms: Almkerk, Andel, Babyloniënbroek, Biesheuvel, Bronkhorst, Buurtje, Drongelen, Duizend Morgen, Dussen, Eethen, Eng, Genderen, Giessen, Hank, Hill, Hoekeinde, Keizersveer, Kerkeinde, Kievitswaard, Kille, Korn, Meeuwen, Moleneind, Nieuwendijk, Oudendijk, Peerenboom, Rijswijk, Schans, Sleeuwijk, Spijk, Stenenheul, Steurgat, 't Zand, Uitwijk, Uppel, Veen, Vierbannen, Vijcie, Waardhuizen, Werkendam, Wijk en Aalburg, Woudrichem, Zandwijk

Altena (a municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)

A village in Noordenveld, Drenthe, Netherlands

A hamlet in Terneuzen, Zeeland, Netherlands


Valkenburg

* (Limburg) First attested as de castello de Falcomonte in 1121. Compound of valk (“falcon, Falco sp.”) and a second element that is either burg (“castle, fortified settlement”) or berg (“hill, elevated place”). See also Limburgish Valkeberg.
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as ualcanaburg in 918-948. Compound of the genitive plural form of Old Dutch falko (“falcon, Falco sp.”) and burg (“fortified settlement, castle”).
The surname derives from one of the toponyms.

Valkenburg aan de Geul
Valkenburg aan de Geul#English

A city and former municipality of Valkenburg aan de Geul, Limburg, Netherlands

A village and former municipality of Katwijk, South Holland, Netherlands


Noord-Beveland

Compound of noord (“north-, northern”) and the toponym Beveland.

Meronyms: Campensnieuwland, Colijnsplaat, Geersdijk, Jacoba, Kamperland, Kats, Kortgene, Plankendorp, Stroodorp, Wissenkerke

A former island and municipality of Zeeland, Netherlands


Sloot

First attested as tot Leyssel op 't blockhuys in 1508. Derived from slot (“castle, fort”). The current toponym is the result of a reinterpretation as sloot (“ditch”).

A hamlet in Deurne, North Brabant, Netherlands


Zeelandia

From Zeeland + -ia.
The neighbourhood is named after a former plantation.


Ingen

Potentially attested as heingen in 1026, attested with certainty as de inghenhe in 1227. Etymology unclear. If the oldest attestation refers to the current village, the toponym might be derived from Proto-Germanic *hangim (“settlement on a hillside”). If this attestation does not refer to the current village, an etymological link to eng (“agricultural land belonging to a village”) is possible.

unk

unclear

cog

A village in Buren, Gelderland, Netherlands


Zierikzee

First attested as siricasha in 1156. Compound of Old Dutch Siric (a personal name) and *aha (“body of water, river”). Compare Elkerzee.
See also Zealandic Zurrikzeê.

A city and former municipality of Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland, Netherlands


Ardennen

Ardennes (forest and mountainous region in France, Belgium, Germany and Luxembourg)

Ardennes (a department of Grand Est, France, (INSEE code 08))


Hardenne

(Belgium) Alternative form of Ardennen; Ardennes (forest and mountainous region in France, Belgium, Germany and Luxembourg)

Ardennes (a department of Grand Est, France, (INSEE code 08))


Haarlemmermeer

Meronyms: Aalsmeerderbrug, Abbenes, Badhoevedorp, Beinsdorp, Boesingheliede, Buitenkaag, Burgerveen, Cruquius, Cruquius-Oost, De Hoek, Haarlemmerliede, Halfweg, Hoofddorp, Huigsloot, Leimuiderbrug, Lijnden, Lisserbroek, Nieuwebrug, Nieuwe Meer, Nieuw-Vennep, Oude Meer, Penningsveer, Rijsenhout, Rozenburg, Spaarndam-Oost, Spaarnwoude, 't Kabel, Vijfhuizen, Vinkebrug, Vredeburg, Weberbuurt, Weteringbrug, Zwaanshoek, Zwanenburg

A municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Ridderkerk

First attested as riderkerke in 1280-1287. Compound of the toponym Riede (likely derived from the dative singular form of Old Dutch riet (“reed”)) and Middle Dutch kerke (“church”). The first element was gradually reinterpreted to ridder (“knight”).

Meronyms: Bolnes, Oostendam, Oude-Molen, Rijsoord, Slikkerveer, Strevelshoek, Wevershoek, Zwaantje, Zwet

A town and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


Wijk bij Duurstede

First attested as dorsteti nunc autem uuik nominata in 948. Derived from Old Dutch wīk (“special purpose settlement”) and the toponym Duurstede, a former castle named after the former trade settlement of Dorestad.

inh

Meronyms: Cothen, Den Oord, Dwarsdijk, Langbroek, Overlangbroek, Steenen Brug

A city and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Vledder

First attested as vledder around 1313. Derived from dialectal vledder (“swampy peatland”). Compare Barnflair.

A village and former municipality of Westerveld, Drenthe, Netherlands


Vledderveen

* (Drenthe) First attested as Vledderveen in 1877. Compound of Vledder + veen. See also Dutch Low Saxon Vleddervene.
* (Groningen) First attested as Vledderveen in 1899. Compound of vledder + veen.

A village in Westerveld, Drenthe, Netherlands

A hamlet in Stadskanaal, Groningen, Netherlands


Rha

First attested as rathe in 996. Derived from Old Dutch rothe (“cleared land”). Compare Het Raan, Raar, Raren, Rhaan, Rhoon and Roden.

A hamlet in Bronckhorst, Gelderland, Netherlands


Kersteiland

From kerst + eiland, calque of English Christmas Island.

Christmas Island
Christmas Island#English

Christmas Island (a territory of Australia)


Ravenswoud

Officially named after a naming competition held in the 1930s. Blend of Ravensmeer (a former hydronym) + woud (“wood”).

blend

A village in Ooststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands


Waterland

From Middle Dutch [Term?]. Equivalent to water + land.

Meronyms: Achterdichting, Broek in Waterland, Grotewerf, Havenbuurt, Het Schouw, Ilpendam, Katwoude, Kerkbuurt, Marken, Moeniswerf, Monnickendam, Overleek, Rozewerf, Uitdam, Watergang, Wittewerf, Zedde, Zuiderwoude


Weert

* (Weert) First attested with certainty as werd in 1155. Perhaps derived from Old Dutch werde (“land next to water, riverine island”), although there are no large rivers near the city. See also Limburgish Wieërt.
* (Meerssen) First attested as werde in 1335. Derived from weerd (“land next to water, riverine island”).

inh

Meronyms: Altweerterheide, Boshoven, Breyvin, Crixhoek, De Berg, De Boberden, De Horst, Dijkerstraat, Hei, Houtbroek, Hushoven, Laar, Moesdijk, Rietbroek, Stramproy, Swartbroek, Tungelroy, Wisbroek

Weert (a city and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands)

A hamlet in Meerssen, Limburg, Netherlands


Albrandswaard

Named after the former fiefdom of Albrandswaard en Kijvelanden.

Meronyms: Poortugaal, Portland, Rhoon

Albrandswaard (a municipality of South Holland, Netherlands)


Alblasserdam

First attested as alblaser-damme in 1320. Univerbation of Alblasser (“of or pertaining to Alblas”) + dam (“dam”).

univerbation

Meronym: Kortland

Alblasserdam (a village and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands)


Almelo

First attested as almelo in 1157. Likely a compound of Proto-Germanic *alma- (“elm, Ulmus sp.”) and lo (“light forest”).

inh

Meronyms: Aadorp, Bavinkel, Bornerbroek, Tusveld

Almelo (a city and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands)


Aalsmeer

First attested as alsmaer in the 12th century. Compound of an unclear first element and Middle Dutch meere (“pool”) or mare (“watercourse”). The first element may be Middle Dutch Al (a personal name), als (“alder, Alnus sp.”) or Proto-Germanic *alha- (“moose, Alces alces”). The first element is not derived from alles (“all”) or aal (“eel, Anguilla anguilla”).

cog

Meronyms: Calslagen, Kudelstaart, Oosteinde, Vrouwentroost

Aalsmeer (a village and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands)


Appingedam

/ˌɑ.pɪ.ŋəˈdɑm/

From Middle Dutch Appengadomme, Appengadamme, a compound of the hydronym Appa (derived from Old Dutch *apa (“river, stream”)) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing- and dam (“dam”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon n Daam, Appengedaam.

Appingedam (a city and former municipality of Eemsdelta, Groningen, Netherlands)


Alphen

* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as alfheim in 719. Compound of an unclear first element and heem (“home, settlement”). The first element has been variously interpreted as Middle Dutch alf (“gnome, evil spirit, elf”) and Old Dutch Alf (a personal name).
* (Gelderland and Zuid-Holland) See respectively Alphen aan de Maas and Alphen aan den Rijn.
* (Former municipality) Named after Alphen aan den Rijn.

inh

A village in Alphen-Chaam, North Brabant, Netherlands

Alphen-Chaam, a municipality in Noord-Brabant

A former municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


Alphen-Chaam

Meronyms: Alphen, Alphen-Oosterwijk, Balleman, Boshoven, Boslust, Chaam, Couwelaar, Chaamdijk, Dassemus, Druisdijk, Galder, Geersbroek, Ginderdoor, Grazen, Heerstaaien, Heikant, Het Sas, Hondseind, Houtgoor, Kalishoek, Kerzel, Klooster, Kwaalburg, Leg, Looneind, Meijsberg, Notsel, Rakens, Snijders-Chaam, Strijbeek, Terover, 't Zand, Venweg

Alphen-Chaam (a municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Alphen aan den Rijn

First attested as Albanianis around 300. Potentially derived from the hypothetical hydronym *Albhano-, derived in turn from Proto-Indo-European *alb- (“white, pale”). Compare the hydronym Elbe.

cog

Meronyms: Aarlanderveen, Bent, Benthorn, Benthuizen, Boskoop, De Roemer, Draaibrug, Gnephoek, Gouwsluis, Groenendijk, Hazerswoude-Dorp, Hazerswoude-Rijndijk, Heimansbuurt, Hogeveen, Hoorn, Koudekerk aan den Rijn, Laag Boskoop, Loete, Ridderbuurt, Rietveld, 's-Molenaarsbuurt, Spoelwijk, Voorweg, Westeinde, Zwammerdam

Alphen aan den Rijn
Alphen aan den Rijn#English

Alphen aan den Rijn (a city and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands) without city rights


Amstelveen

First attested as amestelrevene in 1308. From Amstel (“Amstel”, a river) + veen (“peat bog, marsh”).

compound

Meronyms: Bovenkerk, Nes aan de Amstel, De Zwarte Kat

Amstelveen (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands) without city rights


Alkmaar

From Middle Dutch Alkmare, from Old Dutch Alkmare, Alcmare, Alcmere, Allecmere. Compound of an unclear first element and either Old Dutch mere (“lake”) or mare (“watercourse”). The first element has been variously linked to Old Dutch alk (“crow”) and *alke (“mud”). A derivation from Proto-Germanic *alha (“temple”) or *alha (“moose”) is unlikely. Compare Alkemade.

Meronyms: De Rijp, Driehuizen, Graft, Grootschermer, Koedijk, Kogerpolder, Markenbinnen, Noordeinde, Omval, Oost-Graftdijk, Oterleek, Oudorp, Schermerhorn, Starnmeer, Stompetoren, Ursem, West-Graftdijk, Zuidschermer

Alkmaar (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands)


Bijlmermeer

→ Sranan Tongo: Bimre

From Bijlmer (“a former village”) + meer (“lake”). The toponym Bijlmer derives from a contraction of Old Dutch bindel (“connection, link”) and mere (“lake”). The meaning of the toponym was gradually forgotten, and the element meer was appended as a result.

Bijlmermeer (a neighborhood and former municipality of Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands)


Tietjerk

First attested as thiatzerckera in 1392. Borrowed from West Frisian Tytsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Tije (a personal name) and tzercka (“church”).

A village in Tytsjerksteradiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Malden

First attested as de maldene in 1247. Probably derived from Proto-Germanic *maþla- (“gathering, gathering place”) with metathesis. Compare Old Saxon mathal (“popular gathering, moot”), Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌸𐌻 (maþl, “marketplace, market”) and Old High German mahal (“popular gathering, moot”).

cog

A village in Heumen, Gelderland, Netherlands


Warga

Potentially attested as wartengahe in 944, attested with certainty as werraga in 1441. Borrowed from West Frisian Wergea, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Warte (a personal name) and ga (“village, village area”). Compare Warten.

A village in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Boskoop

First attested as buckescop in 1222. Compound of Middle Dutch Bucke (a personal name) or Bocke and cope (“land purchase, concession”).
Compare Benschop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.

A village and former municipality of Alphen aan den Rijn, South Holland, Netherlands


Oost-Duitsland

East Germany, either the DDR or the portion of Germany formerly belonging to the DDR


West-Duitsland

West Germany, either the BRD before German reunification or the portion of Germany formerly belonging to the BRD


Oerle

* (Veldhoven) First attested as oerle in 1249. Compound of Old Dutch or (“sand mixed with gravel”) and lo (“light forest”). Compare Oirschot and Olen.
* (Tilburg) First attested as een stede gheheyten oerle in 1418. Compound of Old Dutch or (“sand mixed with gravel”) and lo (“light forest”). Compare Oirschot and Olen.

A village and former municipality of Veldhoven, North Brabant, Netherlands


Neerbeek

* (Limburg) First attested as nederbeke in 1225. Compound of neder (“lower”) and beek (“brook, stream”). So named to distinguish the settlement from Beek. See also Limburgish Nirbik.


Doornik

(Lingewaard) First attested as apud tornacum towards the end of the 11th century. Etymology uncertain. Potentially a relic from a pre-Germanic substrate language. It is unlikely that the toponym is derived from Doornik in Belgium or from a Celtic word with an -acum suffix. Compare Indoornik.

A hamlet in Lingewaard, Gelderland, Netherlands


Deurne

* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as durninum in 721. Derived from Proto-Germanic *þurnu- (“thorn, thorn bush”).

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Meronyms: Baarschot, Belgeren, Bleijs, Breemortel, Derp, De Voorstad, Donschot, Groote Bottel, Groot Bruggen, Haageind, Halte, Hanenberg, Heieind, Heimolen, Heitrak, Helenaveen, Kerkeind, Klein Bruggen, Kleine Bottel, Kranenmortel, Kulert, Leensel, Liessel, Merlenberg, Molenhof, Neerkant, Pannenschop, Ruth, Schans, Schelm, Sloot, Veldheuvel, Vlierden, Vloeieind, Voorste Beersdonk, Voort, Vreewijk, Walsberg, Zand

A town and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands


Waver

The hamlet in the Netherlands is first attested as wauere in 1217. The toponym is derived from the name of a forest, which derives in turn from a term cognate to German wabern (“undulate, waft”) and English waver. Compare Weiver, Waver, Waverley, Waverton and Wavertree.

A hamlet in Ouder-Amstel, North Holland, Netherlands


Caïro

From Italian Il Cairo, from Arabic اَلْقَاهِرَة (al-qāhira).

der

اَلْقَاهِرَة


Zoutleeuw

Meronyms: Budingen, Dormaal, Halle-Booienhoven, Helen-Bos

A city and municipality of Flemish Brabant, Belgium


Deinze

From "donsa" (probably old Dutch for 'moss').

Meronyms: Astene, Bachte-Maria-Leerne, Gottem, Grammene, Hansbeke, Landegem, Meigem, Merendree, Nevele, Petegem-aan-de-Leie, Poesele, Sint-Martens-Leerne, Vinkt, Vosselare, Wontergem, Zeveren


Dendermonde

Meronyms: Appels, Baasrode, Grembergen, Mespelare, Oudegem, Schoonaarde, Sint-Gillis-bij-Dendermonde


Tienen

Meronyms: Bost, Goetsenhoven, Hakendover, Kumtich, Oorbeek, Oplinter, Sint-Margriete-Houtem, Vissenaken

Tienen (a city in Flemish Brabant, Belgium)


Vilvoorde

Meronym: Peutie

Vilvoorde (a city in Flemish Brabant, Flanders, Belgium)


Hoogstraten

Meronyms: Meer, Meerle, Minderhout, Wortel

A city and municipality of Antwerp, Belgium


Herentals

From Middle Dutch Herenthals, from earlier Hernehals or Hernehalt, a compound of hērn (“hornbeam”) + hals (“narrow pass”).

com

Meronyms: Morkhoven, Noorderwijk


Mortsel

Meronym: Luithagen


Geel

The name is from the same source as the adjective geel (“yellow”) and dates back to the middle ages. Formerly spelled Gheel.

Meronyms: Bel, Elsum, Holven, Kievermont, Larum, Oosterlo, Punt, Stelen, Ten Aard, Winkelom, Winkelomheide, Zammel


Beringen

Meronyms: Beverlo, Koersel, Paal

A municipality of Schaffhausen canton, Switzerland


West-Azië

Holonym: Azië


Dun

Potentially attested as dun in 1233, attested with certainty as de dunne in 1452. Etymology unknown. Not derived from duin (“dune”).

unk

unknown

A hamlet in Hilvarenbeek, North Brabant, Netherlands


Pijnacker

First attested as pinacker in 1222. Compound of Middle Dutch pine (“punishment, hard labour”) and acker (“farmland”).

inh

A village and former municipality of Pijnacker-Nootdorp, South Holland, Netherlands


Katwijk

* (Zuid-Holland) Named after Katwijk aan den Rijn and Katwijk aan Zee.
* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as Catwyck in 1530. Derived from the difficult to interpret toponymic element kat (“cat, ridge, mud, lesser”) and wijk (“village, settlement”).

Meronyms: De Pan, Katwijk aan den Rijn, Katwijk aan Zee, Rijnsburg, Valkenburg

A municipality of South Holland, Netherlands

A village in Land van Cuijk, North Brabant, Netherlands


Veere

First attested as ter veren, toter vere and voer de vere around 1305. Derived from Middle Dutch vere (“ferry, crossing”).
See also Zealandic Ter Veere.

Meronyms: Aagtekerke, Biggekerke, Boudewijnskerke, Buttinge, Dishoek, Domburg, Gapinge, Geldtienden, Grijpskerke, Groot-Valkenisse, Hoogelande, Klein-Valkenisse, Koudekerke, Krommenhoeke, Mariekerke, Meliskerke, Molembaix, Molenperk, Oostkapelle, Pitteperk, Poppendamme, Serooskerke, Sint Janskerke, Sint Jan ten Heere, Snabbeldorp, Vrouwenpolder, Werendijke, Westhoek, Westkapelle, Zoutelande

A city and municipality of Zeeland, Netherlands


Schokland

A village, former island, and former municipality of Noordoostpolder, Flevoland, Netherlands


Hilversum

First attested as hilfercem in 1305. Compound of Middle Dutch Hilfert (a personal name) and heem (“home, settlement”).

Meronyms: Egelshoek, Hilversumse Meent

Hilversum (a city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands) without city rights


Warder

First attested as werthere and warthere in 1130-1161. Derived from Old Dutch werther (“island, riverside land”). Compare Waarder.

A village and former municipality of Edam-Volendam, North Holland, Netherlands


Wassenaar

First attested as wasnare in 1200. Compound of the dative plural of Old Dutch *was (“sharp”) and *hara (“sandy ridge”).

Meronyms: Den Deijl, Maaldrift, Rijksdorp

A village and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands, located between The Hague and Leiden


Hoek

* (Zeeland) Attested as den Houck in 1664. Derived from hoek (“corner, bend”). Named for its location near an intersection of three levees. See also Zealandic D'n Noek, Denoek, D'oek.
* (Friesland) First attested as dien hoeck in 1426. Calque of West Frisian De Hoek, derived in turn from Old Frisian hoeke (“corner, bend”).
* (Gelderland) Derived from hoek (“protruding piece of land, bend”). Located next to a bend in the levee between Deest and Winssen.
* (Limburg) First attested as den Hoeck in 1838-1857. Derived from hoek (“isolated place”). See also Limburgish Hook.
* (Meierijstad) Derived from hoek (“isolated place”).
* (Sint-Michielsgestel) Derived from hoek (“isolated place”).
* (Valkenswaard) Attested as De Hoek in 1838-1857. Derived from hoek (“isolated place”).
* (Bergeijk) Attested as De Hoek in 1838-1857. Derived from hoek (“isolated place”).
The surname is derived from one of the senses of hoek or one of several toponyms.

A village and former municipality of Terneuzen, Zeeland, Netherlands

A hamlet in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands

A hamlet in Beuningen, Gelderland, Netherlands

A hamlet in Leudal, Limburg, Netherlands

A hamlet in Meierijstad, North Brabant, Netherlands

A hamlet in Sint-Michielsgestel, North Brabant, Netherlands

A hamlet in Valkenswaard, North Brabant, Netherlands


Spanbroek

First attested as spanbroech in 1290. Likely a compound of Middle Dutch span (“foot bridge, narrow, elongated strip of land”) and bruec (“marsh, marshland”).

A village and former municipality of Opmeer, North Holland, Netherlands


Sittard

First attested as Sithert between 1135 and 1180. Etymology uncertain. Proposed etymologies include a derivation from Old High German sîte (“mountainside”), Latin secretarium (“section of forest intended for logging”) or sectura (“common land”). Compare Zijtaart, Zittard and Zittert.
See also Limburgish Zitterd.

der

A city and former municipality of Sittard-Geleen, Limburg, Netherlands


Zoetermeer

First attested as soetermere. Compound of the hydronym Zoete and Middle Dutch mere (“lake, pool”) (modern meer). The first element was gradually reinterpreted to zoet (“potable, sweet”). Compare Zoeterwoude and Zwieten.

Meronym: Roeleveen

A city and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands without city rights


Heiloo

First attested as heilingloh, heileginlo and heilegenlo in the first half of the 11th century. Compound of Old Dutch hēlig (“holy, sacred”) and lo (“light forest”).

Meronyms: Bollendorp, Kaandorp, Kapel, Oosterzij

A village and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Loppersum

First attested as loppesheim in 944. Compound of Old Frisian Loppe (a personal name) and heem (“home, settlement”).

A village and former municipality of Eemsdelta, Groningen, Netherlands


Delfzijl

First attested as in delfzilen in 1303. Compound of the hydronym Delf (derived from delven (“dig, excavate”)) and zijl (“discharge sluice”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Delfziel.

A city and former municipality of Eemsdelta, Groningen, Netherlands


Oss

First attested as Old Dutch Os in 1069. Etymology unknown. Potentially derived from an ancient hydronym. No relationship with os (“castrated bull”). Compare Ussen.

unk

unknown

Meronyms: Achterste Heide, Benedeneind, Berghem, Boveneind, Demen, Deursen-Dennenburg, Dieden, Duurendseind, Elst, Geffen, Gement, Haren, Herpen, Huisseling, Keent, Kleine Koolwijk, Koolwijk, Lith, Lithoijen, Macharen, Maren-Kessel, Megen, Neerlangel, Neerloon, Oijen, Overlangel, Ravenstein, Teeffelen, 't Wild

Oss (a city and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Pekela

First attested as Pekel A, Pekell Ae and Pekel Ae in 1566. Named after a hydronym, derived in turn from a compound of the toponym Pekel (potentially connected to Middle Low German peke (“swamp reed, rush”)) and aa (“watercourse, river”). The hydronym gave its name to a large peat extraction settlement which fragmented into several villages with the passage of time.

cog

Meronyms: Boven Pekela, Bronsveen, Dwarsdiep, Hoetmansmeer, Kruiselwerk, Nieuwe Pekela, Oude Pekela, Wildeplaats

A municipality of Groningen, Netherlands


Geldrop

First attested as gheldorp in 1302. Compound of an unknown first element and dorp (“village, settlement”). The first element has been interpreted as Middle Dutch gelde (“infertile”) or Old Dutch Gello (a personal name).

A village and former municipality of Geldrop-Mierlo, North Brabant, Netherlands


Waalwijk

/ˈʋaːlˌʋɛi̯k/

First attested as walwic in 1200. Compound of either waal (“kolk lake”) or Proto-Germanic *walha (“Romanophone”) and wijk (“village, settlement”). Compare Vijlen, Waalbroek, Wahlwiller, Walem and Walik.

Meronyms: Baardwijk, Besoijen, Oosteind, Sprang-Capelle, Sprangsevaart, Vrijhoeve-Capelle, Waspik, Waspik-Zuid

Waalwijk (a city and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Veendam

First attested as Veendam in 1655. Compound of veen (“peat bog, marsh”) and dam (“dam”).

Meronyms: Borgercompagnie, Korte Akkers, Numero Dertien, Ommelanderwijk, Westerdiepsterdallen, Wildervank, Wildervanksterdallen, Zuidwending

A city and municipality of Groningen, Netherlands without city rights


Helmond

First attested as helmund in 1108. Etymology unknown. Proposed etymologies include a compound of dialectal hel (“low-lying”) and Old Dutch munte (“hill, place of refuge during flooding”) and a compound of the unattested hydronym Hel and mond (“mouth”).

unk

unknown

cog

Meronyms: Berenbroek, Brouwhuis, Croy, De Weijer, Diepenbroek, Geeneind, Kloostereind, Kranenbroek, Kruisschot, Medevoort, Mierlo-Hout, Overbrug, Rijpelberg, Scheepstal, Stipdonk

Helmond (a city and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Wognum

First attested as wokgunge in the first half of the 11th century. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from an ancient hydronym derived from Proto-Germanic *wag (“moving water, wave”) suffixed with the rare collectivising suffix Old Dutch -ung-. The toponym is unlikely to derive from a personal name. Compare Weiwerd and Wogmeer.

A village and former municipality of Medemblik, North Holland, Netherlands


Nederweert

First attested as meervelt in 1350. Derived from a compound of neder (“lower”) and the toponym Weert. The settlement was originally named Meerveld (a compound of meer (“lake, pool”) and veld (“field”)).
See also Limburgish Ni-jwieërt.

Meronyms: Boeket, Bosserstraat, Budschop, Horick, Horickheide, Hulsen, Klaarstraat, Kreijel, Leveroy, Mildert, Nederweert-Eind, Ospel, Ospeldijk, Roeven, Schoor, Strateris, Waatskamp

Nederweert (a village and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands)


Landgraaf

First attested as Landgraaf in 1803-1820. Derived from landgraaf (“complex of earthen walls used to defend and delineate territory”). The name initially referred solely to the municipality, but gradually came to be applied to the conurbation within it. Compare Landerd and Landweert.

Meronyms: Hopel, Nieuwenhagen, Rimburg, Schaesberg, Waubach

A city and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands


Beesel

First attested as Bisela in 1173. Potentially a compound of bies (“bulrush, Scirpus”) and lo (“open place in a forest”). Proposed derivations from Middle Dutch bise (“hind”) or bise (“black”), bize are incorrect; all three terms are loans from Middle French, and Beesel was located outside of the sphere of influence of the Romance languages. Compare Beesd, Bisselt and Lage Bijssel.
See also Limburgish Bezel.

Meronyms: Bussereind, Offenbeek, Reuver, Rijkel

A village and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands


Mook en Middelaar

Meronyms: Bisselt, Heikant, Katerbosch, Middelaar, Mook, Plasmolen, Riethorst


Heusden

* (Heusden) First attested as husedinne in 1286. The toponym has been interpreted as Proto-Germanic *husid-inja- (“place of refuge, secure location”), in turn derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to hide, to occlude”) and related to Gothic 𐌷𐌿𐌶𐌳 (huzd, “treasure, hoard”), Old English hord (“hoard, treasure”) and Old Saxon hord (“hidden courtyard, treasure”). Alternative interpretations include Proto-Celtic *Kusidiniom (literally “settlement of Kusidinios”) and Proto-Germanic *hus-idh-umnjô- (“place of houses”). Compare Huizinge, Huisduinen and Opheusden.
* (Asten) First attested as Heusden in 1794. Etymology unknown. It is impossible to determine whether the toponym is related to that of the city of Heusden due to a paucity of old attestations.

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Meronyms: De Hoeven, Doeveren, Drunen, Elshout, Fellenoord, Giersbergen, Haarsteeg, Hedikhuizen, Heesbeen, Herpt, Kuiksche Heide, Luttelherpt, Nieuwkuijk, Oudheusden, Vlijmen, Voordijk, Wolfshoek

Heusden (a city and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)

A village in Asten, North Brabant, Netherlands


Barendrecht

First attested as berendrech in 1265. From Middle Dutch Berendrecht, Barendrecht. The first element may be Middle Dutch bere (“mud”), beer (“boar, male pig”), or Old Dutch Bero (a personal name); the second is -drecht. Compare Duivendrecht, Ossendrecht, Papendrecht, Woensdrecht and Zwijndrecht.

Meronyms: Barendrechtse Veer, Koedood, Smitshoek

A village and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


Stadskanaal

First attested as Nieuw-Stads-Kanaal in 1858. Compound of stad + -s- + kanaal. The city in question is Groningen.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Knoal.

Meronyms: Alteveer, Barlage, Blekslage, Braamberg, Ceresdorp, Höchte, Höfte, Holte, Horsten, Kopstukken, Mussel, Musselkanaal, Onstwedde, Oomsberg, Smeerling, Sterenborg, Tange, Ter Maarsch, Ter Wupping, Veenhuizen, Vledderhuizen, Vledderveen, Vosseberg, Wessinghuizen

A town and municipality of Groningen, Netherlands


Vaals

First attested as vals in 1041. Potentially derived from the plural form of Latin vallis (“vale, valley”) or from the dative plural of vallum (“wall”), referring here to a vineyard ringed by earthen walls.
See also Central Franconian Vols.

Meronyms: Camerig, Cottessen, Harles, Holset, Lemiers, Mamelis, Melleschet, Oud-Lemiers, Raren, Rott, Vijlen, Wolfhaag


Eijsden-Margraten

Meronyms: Banholt, Bemelen, Berg, Bergenhuizen, Breust, Bruisterbosch, Cadier en Keer, Eckelrade, Eijsden, Gasthuis, Gronsveld, Groot-Welsden, Herkenrade, Honthem, Hoog-Caestert, Hoogcruts, Klein-Welsden, Laag-Caestert, Libeek, Margraten, Mariadorp, Mesch, Mheer, Moerslag, Noorbeek, Oost-Maarland, Rijckholt, Scheulder, Schey, Schilberg, Sint Antoniusbank, Sint Geertruid, Terhorst, Terlinden, Termaar, 't Rooth, Ulvend, Vroelen, Wesch, Withuis, Wolfshuis


Baarn

First attested as barne in 1308. The toponym is cognate to Middle Dutch bernen (“burn”) and berne (“fuel”).
Popular etymology holds that the city is named after Verona, but this origin story of the name is not backed up by the oldest attestations of the toponym.

Meronyms: Eembrugge, Lage Vuursche, Soestdijk

A city and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Joure

First attested as jeure in the 13th century. Etymology unknown. Potentially derived from the ancient hydronym *Gebharô or (less probably) from West Frisian hjouwer (“oat, Avena sativa”). Compare Hiaure, De Joere and De Jouwer. See also West Frisian De Jouwer.

unk

unknown

cog

A town and former municipality of De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands


Medemblik

First attested as medemolaca in 918-948. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian medeme (“middle, mid-”) and laca (“natural watercourse”). Originally a hydronym. Compare Oosterleek and Oterleek.

Meronyms: Abbekerk, Andijk, Bangert, Bennemeer, Benningbroek, Broerdijk, De Buurt, Hauwert, Het Hoogeland, Kerkbuurt, Koppershorn, Lambertschaag, Lekermeer, Midwoud, Munnikij, Nibbixwoud, Onderdijk, Oostwoud, Opperdoes, Sijbekarspel, Twisk, Veldhuis, Wervershoof, Wijzend, Wognum, Zomerdijk, Zwaagdijk-Oost, Zwaagdijk-West

A small city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Nuth

First attested as neuta in 1034. Etymology unknown. Perhaps related to Middle Dutch nut (“harvest”) or genieten (“make use of, enjoy”).
See also Limburgish Nut.

unk

unknown

A village and former municipality of Beekdaelen, Limburg, Netherlands


Drachten

First attested as nortdracht and suutdracht in 1444. Derived from the hydronym Dracht, derived in turn from Old Frisian draga (“flow, pull”).

A town and former municipality of Smallingerland, Friesland, Netherlands


Echt-Susteren

Meronyms: Aan Reijans, Aasterberg, Baakhoven, Berkelaar, Dieteren, Echt, Echterbosch, Gebroek, Heide, Hingen, Illikhoven, Kokkelert, Koningsbosch, Maria Hoop, Nieuwstadt, Oevereind, Ophoven, Oud-Roosteren, Pepinusbrug, Pey, Putbroek, Roosteren, Schilberg, Sint Joost, Slek, Spaanshuisken, Susteren, Visserweert


Roerdalen

Derived from a compound of the hydronym Roer and the plural form of dal (“dale, valley”). The municipality is named after the Roer river, which flows through it.

Meronyms: Aan het Broek, Borg, Etsberg, Herkenbosch, Holst, Lerop, Melick, Montfort, Paarlo, Posterholt, Reutje, Roskam, Rothenbach, Sint Odiliënberg, Tusschen de Bruggen, Vlodrop, Vlodrop-Station, Voorst, Voorsterveld


Roosendaal

First attested as in loco dicto rosendale in 1268. Compound of roos (“rose, Rosa sp.”) and a stretched variant of dal (“dale, valley”). The toponym is part of a family of names that became fashionable at the end of the 12th century.

Meronyms: Akker, Boeiink, Borteldonk, Brembosch, Bulkenaar, De Rotting, Everland, Haiink, Hazelaar, Heerle, Heijbeek, Hoevestein, Hollandsdiep, Hulsdonk, Kruisstraat, Moerstraten, Nieuwenberg, Nispen, Oostlaar, Plantage Centrum, Vijfhoek, Vinkenbroek, Visdonk, Vleet, Vroenhout, Wouw, Wouwse Hil, Wouwse Plantage, Zoomvliet

Roosendaal (a city and municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands)


Valkenburg aan de Geul

Named after Valkenburg. The identifier aan de Geul ("on the Geul") was added to distinguish the municipality from Valkenburg in South Holland.

Meronyms: Berg, Broekhem, Emmaberg, Engwegen, Geulhem, Heek, Heerstraat, Houthem, IJzeren, Keutenberg, Oud-Valkenburg, Schin op Geul, Schoonbron, Sibbe, Sint Gerlach, Strabeek, Strucht, Terblijt, Vilt, Vroenhof, Walem


Venray

First attested as de rode in 1220. Compound of ven (“pool in a forest or heath”) and rode (“land cleared of trees”).

Meronyms: Beek, Blitterswijck, Boddenbroek, Boshuizen, Castenray, Daland, Endepoel, Geijsteren, Haag, Heide, Helling, Hoogriebroek, Kleindorp, Klein Oirlo, Laagriebroek, Leunen, Loobeek, Merselo, Molenhoek, Oirlo, Oostrum, Overbroek, Scheide, Schoor, Smakt, Veulen, Vredepeel, Wanssum, Weverslo, Ysselsteyn, Zandhoek

A town and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands


Voerendaal

First attested as furentele in 1065. Compound of the hydronym Voer (related to varen) and the dative singular form of dal (“dale, valley”).

Meronyms: Barrier, Colmont, Craubeek, Dolberg, Fromberg, Hellebeuk, Klimmen, Koulen, Kruishoeve, Kunderberg, Kunrade, Lubosch, Mingersborg, Opscheumer, Overheek, Ransdaal, Retersbeek, Termaar, Termoors, Terveurt, Ubachsberg, Weustenrade, Winthagen


Simpelveld

First attested as semplouei and senplouoir in 1155. Derived from the Gallo-Roman toponym Latin *Sempervivetum (“Evergreen”), here perhaps referring to a forest of holly. Proposed derivations from *Simploviacum or a compound of Old Dutch semp (“rush”) and lo (“light forest”) do not match well with the oldest attestations. The current form of the toponym developed under the influence of a folk-etymological reinterpration of the name as a compound of simpel (“simple”) and veld (“field”).

Meronyms: Baaks-Sweijer, Baneheide, Bocholtz, Bocholtzerheide, Bosschenhuizen, Broek, Bulkemsbroek, Huls, In de Gaas, Molsberg, Prickart, Vlengendaal, Waalbroek, Zandberg


Dokkum

First attested as tochingen in 802-822. Potentially derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian Dokko (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- or, alternatively, from dokke (“type of plant, dock”). Compare Docking.

A city and former municipality of Noardeast-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Bolsward

First attested as BODLISWERT in 1038-1057. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian *Bodil (a personal name) and wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name. See also West Frisian Boalsert.

A city and former municipality of Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


IJlst

First attested as jleke and yleke in the 13th century. Etymology unclear. Proposed etymologies from a hydronym *î-laki or from Old Frisian yl (“callus”) (referring here to hardened soil) do not match the oldest attestations. The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.
See also West Frisian Drylts.

unclear


Meerssen

First attested as marsna in 847. Potentially derived from Proto-Germanic *mar- (“body of water, pool, watercourse”) or from a non-Germanic source. Compare Maarssen.
See also Limburgish Meersje.

inh

Meronyms: Broekhoven, Brommelen, Bunde, Genzon, Geulle, Geulle aan de Maas, Hulsen, Humcoven, Hussenberg, Kasen, Moorveld, Oostbroek, Raar, Rothem, Schietecoven, Snijdersberg, Stommeveld, Ulestraten, Vliek, Voulwames, Waterval, Weert, Westbroek


Workum

First attested as waltercom in 1297. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Waldrik (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.
See also West Frisian Warkum.


Hoorn

* (Noord-Holland) First attested as hoern in 1289. Derived from Middle Dutch horne (“protruding bend, corner”).
* (Friesland) First attested as horon in 1482. Borrowed from West Frisian Hoarne, derived in turn from Old Frisian horn (“protruding bend, corner”).
* (Gelderland) First attested as hoerne in 1333-1334. Derived from hoorn (“protruding piece of land”).
* (Groningen) First attested as Hoorn in 1634. Derived from hoorn (“prominent bend, corner”).
* (Alphen aan den Rijn, hamlet) First attested as De Hoorn Polder in 1615. Derived from hoorn (“prominent bend, corner”).
* (Alphen aan den Rijn, neighbourhood) The neighbourhood is named after the hamlet.

der

Meronyms: Blokker, Zwaag

A city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands

A village in Terschelling, Friesland, Netherlands

A hamlet in Heerde, Gelderland, Netherlands

A hamlet in Westerwolde, Groningen, Netherlands

A hamlet in Alphen aan den Rijn, South Holland, Netherlands


Julianadorp

* (Noord-Holland) First attested as School in 1867. Compound of Juliana + dorp. The village is named after Queen Juliana of the Netherlands. The village received this name in 1909 at the request of Pieter Loopuyt, a descendant of the settlement's founder.
* (Curaçao) Compound of Juliana (a personal name) + dorp (“village, settlement”). Named after Queen Juliana of the Netherlands.
* (Zuid-Holland) Compound of Juliana (a personal name) + dorp (“village, settlement”). Named after Queen Juliana of the Netherlands. The neighbourhood's streets are named after members of the House of Orange.

compound

A village in Den Helder, North Holland, Netherlands


Oldambt

Compound of oud (“old”) and ambt (“district, bailiwick”). The municipality is named after one of the former districts of the Ommelanden.

Meronyms: Bad Nieuweschans, Beerta, Beersterhoogen, Bikkershorn, Blauwestad, Booneschans, Bovenstreek, Carel Coenraadpolder, Drieborg, Ekamp, Finsterwolde, Finsterwolderhamrik, Ganzedijk, Goldhoorn, Hamdijk, Hardenberg, Heiligerlee, Hongerige Wolf, Kostverloren, Kromme-Elleboog, Kroonpolder, Lutje Loug, Meerland, Midwolda, Modderland, Napels, Niesoord, Nieuw Beerta, Nieuwe Statenzijl, Nieuwolda, Nieuw Scheemda, Oostereinde, Oostwold, Oostwolderhamrik, Oostwolderpolder, Oudedijk, Oude Statenzijl, Oudezijl, Scheemda, Scheemdermeer, Scheemderzwaag, Scheve Klap, Stadspolder, Tranendal, 't Waar, Ulsda, Westerlee, Winschoten, Winschoterzijl, Zuiderveen

A municipality of Groningen, Netherlands


Maasgouw

Calque of Vulgar Latin Pagus Mosarium (“Pagus of the Meuse”), a name for the historical Maasgau region under Frankish rule. Equivalent to Maas (“Meuse”) + gouw (“pagus”, Frankish gau).

compound

Frankish <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">gau</i>

Meronyms: Baarstraat, Beegden, Bilt, Brachterbeek, Brandt, Eiland, Heel, Linne, Maasbracht, Ohé en Laak, Osen, Panheel, Pol, Santfort, Stevensweert, Thorn, Weerd, Wessem


Cuijk

First attested as Ceuclum around 365. Potentially derived from Proto-Indo-European *geug- (“bend, curve”), here referring to a bend in the Meuse. A competing hypothesis proposes an interpretation of the toponym as a Celtic or Latin name suffixed with Gallo-Roman Latin -acum. Compare Blerick, Bunnik, Geverik, Lopik, Maurik, Mook, Niftrik, Odijk, Varik, Woezik and Fellerich.

cog

A large village and former municipality of Land van Cuijk, North Brabant, Netherlands


Leudal

Derived from a compound of the hydronym Leu and dal (“dale, valley”). The municipality was named after a small brook which flows through it.

Meronyms: Aan de Bergen, Aan het Broek, Achter het Klooster, Asbroek, Baexem, Beekkant, Blenkert, Brumholt, Buggenum, Caluna, Castert, De Horck, Dries, Eiland, Eind, Ell, Ellerhei, Gendijk, Geneijgen, Gerhegge, Grathem, Haelen, Haelense Broek, Hanssum, Haler, Heiakker, Heibloem, Heide, Heioord, Heugde, Heythuysen, Hoek, Hollander, Hoogstraat, Horn, Hunsel, Ittervoort, Kappert, Karreveld, Kelpen-Oler, Kinkhoven, Laak, Maxet, Mortel, Neer, Neeritter, Nijken, Nunhem, Op de Bos, Ophoven, Roggel, Schaapsbrug, Schans, Schillersheide, Smidstraat, Strubben, Uffelse, Venne, Vestjenshoek, Vlaas, Waije


Kampen

* (Overijssel) First attested as in campis in 1217. Derived from the dative plural form of kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).
* (Friesland) First attested as kam in 1486. Calque of West Frisian De Kampen, derived from the plural form of Old Frisian kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).
* (Zeeland) Attested as Kampen in 1747. Derived from the dative plural form of kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).

der

Meronyms: Bisschopswetering, De Heuvels, De Roskam, De Zande, Grafhorst, Hogeweg, IJsselmuiden, Kampereiland, Kamperveen, Mastenbroek, Nieuwstad, Oosterholt, 's-Heerenbroek, Veecaten, Wilsum, Zalk

A Hanseatic city and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands

A hamlet in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Kerkrade

First attested as ad ecclesiam in predio quod est Rode in 1108. Compound of kerk (“church”) and rode (“land cleared of trees”) (from Middle Dutch rods, ultimately related to Proto-West Germanic *ruddjan (“to clear”)).
See also Central Franconian Kirchroa.

Meronyms: Eygelshoven, Ham

A city and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands


Horst aan de Maas

Named after Horst. The identifier aan de Maas ("on the Meuse") was added to distinguish the municipality from similarly-named places.

Meronyms: America, Broek, Broekeind, Broekhuizen, Broekhuizenvorst, Californië, De Hees, De Heide, De Steegh, De Vorst, Eikelenbosch, Elshout, Evertsoord, Genenberg, Griendtsveen, Grubbenvorst, Gun, Hazenhorst, Hegelsom, Homberg, Horst, Houthuizen, Keuter, Kronenberg, Legert, Lottum, Lovendaal, Meerlo, Megelsum, Melderslo, Meterik, Moleneind, Most, Ooijen, Oostenrijk, Osterbos, Raaieind, Schadijk, Sevenum, Steeg, Stokt, Swolgen, Tienray, Tongerlo, Ulfterhoek, Vinkepas, Wielder, Zeelberg, Zwaanenheike


Nuenen, Gerwen en Nederwetten

Named after Nuenen, Gerwen and Nederwetten.

Meronyms: Alvershool, Boord, Eeneind, Gerwen, Heerendonk, Hool, Laar, Langlaar, Nederwetten, Nieuwe Dijk, Nuenen, Olen, Opwetten, Rullen, Spekt, Stad van Gerwen

A municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands


Gulpen-Wittem

Meronyms: Beertsenhoven, Berghem, Berghof, Beutenaken, Billinghuizen, Bissen, Bommerig, Broek, Cartils, Crapoel, Dal, De Hut, Diependal, Elkenrade, Elzet, Epen, Eperheide, Etenaken, Euverem, Eys, Eyserheide, Gracht Burggraaf, Gulpen, Heijenrath, Helle, Hilleshagen, Höfke, Hurpesch, Ingber, Kapolder, Kleeberg, Kosberg, Kuttingen, Landsrade, Mechelen, Nijswiller, Overeys, Overgeul, Partij, Pesaken, Piepert, Plaat, Reijmerstok, Schilberg, Schweiberg, Sinselbeek, Slenaken, Stokhem, Terpoorten, Terziet, Trintelen, Wahlwiller, Waterop, Wijlre, Wittem


Stavoren

First attested as stavron in the 10th or beginning of the 11th century. Presumably derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian staver (“pole”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older version of the Frisian name. Compare Spijkenisse, Staverden, Stavenisse and Stavern.
See also West Frisian Starum.


Sloten

* (Friesland) First attested as sloten in 1384. Calque of Old Frisian slāt (“ditch, dug watercourse”) in the dative plural form. See also West Frisian Sleat.
* (Noord-Holland) First attested as sloton in the first half of the 11th century. Derived from the dative plural form of the hydronym Slote, derived in turn from Old Dutch slōt (“ditch, dug watercourse”). Formerly an independent village.

inh

A city and former municipality of De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands

A neighbourhood and former municipality of Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands


Leiderdorp

First attested as legihan [read: legthan] in 918-948. The settlement lost its original name to Leiden over time. Its current name is a compound of Leiden and dorp (“village, settlement”).

Meronym: Achthoven

A village and municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


Heerlen

First attested as Late Latin Coriouallum and Corioualum around 300. Derived from a Germanic calque of an earlier Celtic name. The Germanic term is a compound of Proto-Germanic *harja- (“army”) and *walla (“wall”). An alternative theory posits that the Germanic term was calqued into Celtic. Proposed derivations from *harila (“small sandy ridge”) or a compound of Old Dutch her (“army”) and le (“burial mound”) are incorrect. Compare Heel and Heerle.
See also Limburgish Heële.

Meronyms: Benzenrade, Hoensbroek, Hondsrug, Schurenberg, Ten Esschen


Midden-Groningen

Derived from midden (“middle, mid-”) and the toponym Groningen.

Meronyms: Achterdiep, Beneden Veensloot, Blokum, Bokhörn, Borgweg, Boven Veensloot, Denemarken, De Paauwen, Duurkenakker, Eelshuis, Foxham, Foxhol, Foxholsterbosch, Froombosch, Gaarland, Harkstede, Heidenschap, Hellum, Het Veen, Hoogezand, Jagerswijk, Kalkwijk, Kibbelgaarn, Kiel-Windeweer, Kleinemeer, Kolham, Korengarst, Kropswolde, Lageland, Langewijk, Leentjer, Luddeweer, Lula, Meeden, Muntendam, Nieuwe Compagnie, Noordbroek, Noordbroeksterhamrik, Overschild, Roeksweer, Ruiten, Sappemeer, Schaaphok, Scharmer, Schildwolde, Siddeburen, Slochteren, Spitsbergen, Steendam, Stootshorn, Tjuchem, Tripscompagnie, Tusschenloegen, Tussenklappen, Uiterburen, Waterhuizen, Westeind, Westerbroek, Wilderhof, Wolfsbarge, Woudbloem, Zuidbroek


Gennep

* (Limburg) First attested as in pago Ganipi in 949. Derived from a hydronym analysable as a compound of Proto-Germanic *gan- (“bright, confluent”) and *apa (“river, current”) suffixed with the locational suffix *-ja-. Compare Genemuiden and Genne.
* (Noord-Brabant) First attested as in ghennepe in 1249. Derived from a hydronym analysable as a compound of Proto-Germanic *gan- (“bright, confluent”) and *apa (“river, current”) suffixed with the locational suffix *-ja-. Compare Genemuiden and Genne.

der

Meronyms: Aaldonk, Dam, De Looi, Diekendaal, Heijen, Hekkens, Milsbeek, Ottersum, Smele, Ven-Zelderheide, Zelder

A hamlet in Eindhoven, North Brabant, Netherlands


Hindeloopen

First attested as hitinkufe and hintinlvofe around 822-825. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian hinda (“hind, female deer”) and hlop (“jump, leap”), apparently referring to a lower section of fencing which deer could jump over. The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older version of the Frisian name. Compare Hindlip.
See also West Frisian Hylpen.

A city and former municipality of Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Beekdaelen

Derived from a compound of beek (“brook, stream”) and an archaising plural form of daal (“dale, valley”). The municipality is named for the many brooks that flow through it.

Meronyms: Aalbeek, Amstenrade, Arensgenhout, Bingelrade, Brand, Breinder, Brommelen, Doenrade, Etzenrade, Grijzegrubben, Haasdal, Hegge, Heisterbrug, Helle, Hellebroek, Hommert, Hulsberg, Hunnecum, Jabeek, Kamp, Kathagen, Klein-Doenrade, Kling, Kruis, Laar, Merkelbeek, Nagelbeek, Nierhoven, Nuth, Oensel, Oirsbeek, Op de Bies, Puth, Schimmert, Schinnen, Schinveld, Sweikhuizen, Swier, Terstraten, Tervoorst, Thull, Vaesrade, Viel, Vink, Wijnandsrade, Wissengracht, Wolfhagen


Peel en Maas

Derived from the toponym Peel and the hydronym Maas. The municipality was named for its location between its two namesakes.

Meronyms: Baarlo, Belgenhoek, Berg, Beringe, Bong, Broek, De Kievit, Dekeshorst, Dijk, Donk, Driessen, Dubbroek, Egchel, Egchelheide, Everlo, Grashoek, Groeze, Hei, Helden, Heldensedijk, Hert, Hout, Houthei, Houwenberg, Hub, Katsberg, Kaumeshoek, Kessel, Kessel-Eik, Keup, Koningslust, Korte Heide, Laagheide, Laar, Lang Hout, Lange Heide, Leeuwerik, Loo, Maasbree, Maris, Meijel, Molenbaan, Molenhuizen, Nederweerterdijk, Oyen, Panningen, Platveld, Rinkesfort, Roggelse Dijk, Schafelt, Schoorveld, Soeterbeek, Spiesberg, Spurkt, Steenoven, 't Heeske, Tongerlo, 't Rooth, Vergelt, Vieruitersten, Vliegert, Vosberg, Witdonk, Zandberg, Zelen


Westerwolde

Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and wold (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). The municipality is named after one of the former districts of the Ommelanden.

Meronyms: Abeltjeshuis, Barnflair, Bellingwolde, Blijham, Borgertange, Borgerveld, Bourtange, Bovenstreek, De Bruil, De Bult, De Heemen, De Lethe, De Maten, Den Ham, De Vennen, Ellersinghuizen, Hanetange, Harpel, Hebrecht, Hoorn, Hoornderveen, Jipsingboermussel, Jipsingboertange, Jipsinghuizen, Kielhuppen, Klein-Ulsda, Klontjebuurt, Koudehoek, Lammerweg, Laude, Lauderbeetse, Laudermarke, Lauderzwarteveen, Leemdobben, Lutjeloo, Morige, Munnekemoer, Oudeschans, Over de Dijk, Overdiep, Pallert, Plaggenborg, Poldert, Renneborg, Rhederbrug, Rhederveld, Rijsdam, Roelage, Sellingen, Sellingerbeetse, Sellingerzwarteveen, Slegge, Stakenborg, Stobben, Ter Apel, Ter Apelkanaal, Ter Borg, Ter Haar, Ter Walslage, Ter Wisch, Tjabbesoord, 't Schot, Veele, Veelerveen, Veendijk, Veerste Veldhuis, Vlagtwedde, Vlagtwedder-Barlage, Vlagtwedder-Veldhuis, Voorwold, Vriescheloo, Wedde, Wedderheide, Wedderveer, Weende, Weenderveld, Weite, Wessingtange, Westeind, Winschoterhoogebrug, Wollingboermarke, Wollinghuizen, Zandstroom, Zuidveld


Sittard-Geleen

Meronyms: Abshoven, Born, Broeksittard, Buchten, Daniken, Einighausen, Geleen, Graetheide, Grevenbicht, Guttecoven, Harrecoven, Holtum, Limbricht, Munstergeleen, Obbicht, Papenhoven, Rosengarten, Schipperskerk, Sittard, Windraak


Oldenzaal

First attested as aldenselen in 893. Compound of Old Dutch ald (“old”) and a variant of sale (“hall house”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Oldnzel.

Oldenzaal (Hanseatic city and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands)


Venlo

First attested as uennelon around 1100. Possibly a compound of ven (“small pool in a forest or heath”) and lo (“light forest”). Alternatively a compound of veen (“bog, marsh”) and lo (“pool”).

Meronyms: Arcen, Belfeld, Blerick, Boekend, Bolenberg, Bong, Brandemolen, De Krosselt, De Voort, Egypte, Geloo, Hanik, Hasselderheide, Hasselt, Het Vorst, Hout-Blerick, Leemhorst, Lingsfort, Lomm, Schandelo, Steyl, Tegelen, 't Ven, Veld, Velden, Vilgert, Wielder

Venlo (a city and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands)


Het Hogeland

/ɦɛt ˈɦoː.ɣəˌlɑnt/

Derived from a compound of hoog (“high, elevated”) and land (“land”). The municipality is located at a slightly higher elevation than its closest neighbours.

Meronyms: Abbeweer, Adorp, Alinghuizen, Arwerd, Baflo, Barnegaten, Bedum, Bellingeweer, Bethlehem, Beusum, Bokum, Breede, De Dingen, De Hoogte, De Horn, De Houw, De Knijp, Den Andel, Den Hander, De Raken, De Streek, De Vennen, Deikum, Doodstil, Douwen, Eelswerd, Eenrum, Elens, Ellerhuizen, Eppenhuizen, Ernstheem, Ewer, Grijssloot, Groot Maarslag, Groot Wetsinge, Hammeland, Harssens, Hefswal, Hekkum, Helwerd, Heuvelderij, Hiddingezijl, Holwinde, Hornhuizen, Houwerzijl, Kaakhorn, Kantens, Katershorn, Kattenburg, Klei, Kleine Huisjes, Klein Garnwerd, Klein Maarslag, Klein Wetsinge, Kloosterburen, Kolham, Koningsoord, Kruisweg, Lauwersoog, Leens, Lutje Marne, Lutjewolde, Lutke Saaxum, Maarhuizen, Menkeweer, Menneweer, Mensingeweer, Midhalm, Molenrij, Niekerk, Nijenklooster, Noordpolder, Noordpolderzijl, Noordwolde, Obergum, Oldenzijl, Oldorp, Onderdendam, Onderwierum, Oosteinde, Oosterhuizen, Oosternieland, Oudedijk, Oudeschip, Paapstil, Panser, Pieterburen, Plattenburg, Ranum, Rasquert, Rodewolt, Roodehaan, Roodeschool, Rottum, Saaxumhuizen, Sauwerd, Schapehals, Schaphalsterzijl, Schilligeham, Schouwen, Schouwerzijl, Sint Annerhuisjes, Startenhuizen, Stitswerd, Takkebos, Ter Laan, Tijum, Tinallinge, 't Lage van de Weg, 't Stort, Uithuizen, Uithuizermeeden, Ulrum, Usquert, Valcum, Valom, Vierhuizen, Vliedorp, Wadwerd, Warffum, Warfhuizen, Wehe-den Hoorn, Westerdijkshorn, Westerhorn, Westerklooster, Westernieland, Wetsinge, Wierhuizen, Wierum, Wildeveld, Willemsstreek, Winsum, Zandeweer, Zevenhuizen, Zoutkamp, Zuidwolde, Zuurdijk


Roermond

First attested as de Ruremunde in the mid-12th century. Compound of the hydronym Roer (derived from either a Germanic root cognate with Old Saxon hrôra (“movement”), Old English hrôr (“motile, lively”) and modern Dutch roeren (“stir”) or from Proto-Indo-European *reu- (“dig”) with suffixed -r) and mond (“mouth”). The interpretation of mond as a derivation from Old Dutch munte (“mountain, refuge hill”) (cf. Urmond) is incorrect.
See also Limburgish Remunj.

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Meronyms: Aan de Rijksweg, Asenray, Asselt, Boukoul, De Weerd, Einde, Heide, Herten, Leeuwen, Maalbroek, Maasniel, Merum, Ool, Spik, Straat, Swalmen, Thuserhof, Wieler

Roermond (a city and municipality of Limburg, Netherlands)


Westerkwartier

en:Groningen (province)
en:Netherlands
en:Westerkwartier

* (municipality) After the historical region of Westerkwartier in Groningen, the Netherlands. Equivalent to wester- (“western”) + kwartier (“quarter”, i.e. region or place).
* (neighbourhood) Compound of wester (“western”) and kwartier (“quarter, neighbourhood”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Westerkertier.

prefix

Meronyms: Aalsum, Aduard, Aduarder Voorwerk, Aduarderzijl, Allersma, Antum, Bakkerom, Balmahuizen, Barnwerd, Beswerd, Blauw, Boerakker, Boerenstreek, Bokkebuurt, Bolshuizen, Breemen, Brillerij, Briltil, Buikstede, De Bombay, De Eest, De Haar, De Haspel, De Holm, De Jammer, De Jouwer, De Kampen, De Linde, Den Ham, Den Horn, De Poffert, De Ruigewaard, De Snipperij, De Tenten, De Wieren, De Wijk, De Wilp, Diepswal, Doezum, Dorp, Dwarshaspel, Eekeburen, Eibersburen, Electra, Englum, Enumatil, Ezinge, Faan, Feerwerd, Fransum, Fransumer Voorwerk, Frytum, Gaaikemadijk, Gaaikemaweer, Gaarkeuken, Garnwerd, Grijpskerk, Grootegast, Hamrik, Hardeweer, Heereburen, Heineburen, Het Schoor, Hilmahuis, Hoogemeeden, Ikum, Jonkersvaart, Kenwerd, Keuningswijk, Kokswijk, Kommerzijl, Kornhorn, Korhorn, Krassum, Kroonsfeld, Kuzemer, Kuzemerbalk, Lagemeeden, Lammerburen, Lauwerzijl, Leek, Lettelbert, Lucaswolde, Lutjegast, Marum, Midwolde, Niebert, Niehove, Niekerk, Nieuwbrug, Nieuwklap, Niezijl, Noorderburen, Noordhorn, Noordhornerga, Noordhornertolhek, Noordwijk, Nuis, Okswerd, Oldehove, Oldekerk, Oosterzand, Oostindië, Oostwold, Oostum, Opende, Pama, Pasop, Peebos, Pieterzijl, Ruigezand, Saaksum, Schifpot, Sebaldeburen, Selwerd, Spanjaardsdijk, Steentil, Suttum, 't Hoekje, 't Kret, 't Malijk, Tolbert, Tolhek, Topweer, Trimunt, Veldstreek, Visvliet, Westerhorn, Westerzand, Wierumerschouw, Willemstad, Zandwijk, Zethuis, Zevenhuizen, Zuiderburen, Zuidhorn


Schagen

First attested as scagha at the end of the 11th century. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Dutch scaga (“copse, thicket”).

Meronyms: Abbestede, Bliekenbos, Burgerbrug, Burgervlotbrug, Callantsoog, De Stolpen, Dijkstaal, Dirkshorn, Eenigenburg, Groenveld, Groote Keeten, Grootven, Grotewal, Het Korfwater, Huiskebuurt, Kalverdijk, Keinse, Keinsmerbrug, Kerkbuurt, Krabbendam, Lagedijk, Leihoek, Mennonietenbuurt, Nes, Oudesluis, Petten, Schagerbrug, Schagerwaard, Schoorldam, Sint Maarten, Sint Maartensbrug, Sint Maartensvlotbrug, Sint Maartenszee, Slootgaard, Stolpervlotbrug, Stroet, 't Buurtje, Tjallewal, Tolke, 't Rijpje, Tuitjenhorn, 't Wad, 't Zand, Valkkoog, Waarland, Warmenhuizen, Woudmeer, Zijbelhuizen, Zijpersluis

A city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Zoutelande

First attested as soutenlande in 1256. Compound of zout (“salt”) (used here in a dialectal sense to refer to land located outside of a levee) and land (“land”).
See also Zealandic Zoetelande.

A village and former municipality of Veere, Zeeland, Netherlands


Brunssum

First attested as brunsham around 1170-1180. Compound of Old Dutch Brun (a personal name) and ham (“alluvial land in the bend of a river”).
See also Limburgish Broenssem.

Meronyms: Bouwberg, Rumpen, Treebeek


Striep

First attested as Zurijp in 1573. Renamed in 2018 after an ancient settlement which was once located slightly west of the current hamlet.
See also West Frisian Stryp.

A hamlet in Terschelling, Friesland, Netherlands


West-Vlieland

(historical) A former village on Vlieland, lost to the sea in 1736.


Oost-Vlieland

First attested as Oosteijnde in 1511. From a compound of oost (“east-, eastern”) + Vlieland.

A village in Vlieland, Friesland, Netherlands


Cruquius

First attested as CRUQUIUS (DE) in 1851. Named after the steam-powered pumphouse De Cruquius that was used to drain the Haarlemmermeer, which in turn was named after Nicholaas Samuelszoon Cruquius. Cruquius had latinised his surname Kruik.

A village in Haarlemmermeer, North Holland, Netherlands


West-Terschelling

First attested as West Ter Schelling in 1773. Compound of west (“west-, western”) + Terschelling.
See also West Frisian West-Skylge.

A village in Terschelling, Friesland, Netherlands


IJmuiden

First attested as IJmuiden in 1848. Compound of IJ (a hydronym) + muide (“mouth (of a river)”); the -n is following toponyms such as Muiden, where it indicates an old dative plural. The name was coined by lawyer and journalist Simon Vissering.

compound

A town in Velsen, North Holland, Netherlands


Schoorl

First attested as scoronlo in 918-948. From Middle Dutch scorle, from Old Dutch scoronlo. Compound of Old Dutch skora (“shore”) and Old Frisian la (“light forest”) or Old Dutch lo (“light forest”).

A village and former municipality of Bergen, North Holland, Netherlands


Buiksloot

Attested as Bukesloot in 1544. Compound of Middle Dutch Buke (a personal name) or boeke (“beech, Fagus sylvatica”) and sloot (“ditch”). Formerly an independent village.


Ilpendam

First attested as ypeldamme in 1408. Compound of the hydronym Ilp and Middle Dutch dam (“dam”).

A village and former municipality of Waterland, North Holland, Netherlands


Koedijk

First attested as coedyc in 1323. Compound of Middle Dutch coe (“cow”) and dyc (“levee”).

A village and former municipality of Alkmaar, North Holland, Netherlands


Beverwijk

First attested as beuorhem in 918-948. Compound of Old Dutch bevur (“beaver, Castor fiber”) and wīk (“farmstead, village, settlement”).

inh

Meronym: Wijk aan Zee


Uitgeest

First attested as hutghest in 1105-1120. Compound of Old Dutch ūt (“out”) and gēst (“elevated sandy land”).

Meronyms: Assum, Busch en Dam, Groot Dorregeest, Klein Dorregeest, Limmerkoog

A village and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Heemskerk

First attested as heimethenkiricha and heimezenkyrke in the first half of the 11th century. Compound of Old Dutch Hemezo (a personal name) or Heimezo and kirika (“church”).
The surname derives from the toponym.

Meronyms: Heemskerkerduin, Noorddorp


Bloemendaal

* (Noord-Holland) Attested as Bloemendaels Kerck in 1680. Compound of the plural form of bloem (“flower”) and dal (“dale, valley”).
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as blomendale in 1306. Compound of the plural form of Middle Dutch blume (“flower”) and dal (“dale, valley”).

Meronyms: Aerdenhout, Bennebroek, Bloemendaal aan Zee, Overveen, Vogelenzang

A neighbourhood and former municipality of Gouda, South Holland, Netherlands


Velsen

First attested as felisa after 786. Likely derived from the dative plural form of a hydronym, derived in turn from Proto-Indo-European *pel (“swamp, marsh”) suffixed with the hydronymic suffix *isa.

der

Meronyms: Driehuis, Hofgeest, IJmuiden, Santpoort-Noord, Santpoort-Zuid, Velsen-Noord, Velsen-Zuid, Velserbroek

A municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Watergang

/ˈʋaː.tərˌɣɑŋ/

First attested as waterganghe in 1343. Derived from Middle Dutch waterganc (“canal”). Named after a nearby canal.

A village in Waterland, North Holland, Netherlands


De Cocksdorp

Attested as COCKSDORP (DE) in 1841. From de Cock (a surname) + -s- + dorp (“village, settlement”). Named after Nicolaas Josephus de Cock (1804-1848), a shipowner who founded a company to develop the land around the settlement in 1835.

compound

A village in the north of Texel, North Holland, Netherlands.


Dijk

* (Limburg) Derived from dijk (“levee”).
* (Asten) First attested as Den Dijk in 1899. Derived from dijk (“levee”).
* (Meierijstad) First attested as Dijk in 1867. Derived from dijk (“levee”), here potentially used in a dialectal sense to refer to a raised road.
The surname derives from one of the senses of dijk or from one of several toponyms.

A hamlet in Peel en Maas, Limburg, Netherlands

A hamlet in Asten, North Brabant, Netherlands

A hamlet in Meierijstad, North Brabant, Netherlands


Hollum

First attested as hollum in 1485. Borrowed from West Frisian Hollum, potentially derived in turn from Old Frisian holm (“hill, elevated place, island”) or from a compound of Halle (a personal name) or a term cognate to Old English halh (“corner, bend”) and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Hall, Hallum and Hellum.

der

A village in Ameland, Friesland, Netherlands


Winschoten

Potentially attested as winsewida in the 13th century, attested with certainty as windschoter in 1391. Compound of Old Dutch Windo (a personal name) and kot (“cottage, shack, small farm”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Winschoot.

A city and former municipality of Oldambt, Groningen, Netherlands


Lutjebroek

First attested as lutekebroec around 1312. Compound of Middle Dutch luttic (“small”) and bruec (“marsh, marshland”). The element luttic was added to distinguish the settlement from Grootebroek.

A village in Stede Broec, North Holland, Netherlands near Enkhuizen


Den Burg

Potentially attested as osterburghem and ostarburghem in 918-948, attested with certainty as brochkerspel [read: borchkerspel] in 1377. Derived from Old Dutch burg (“fortified settlement, castle”).

inh

A village in Texel, North Holland, Netherlands


Wolvega

First attested as wluegho in 1320. Borrowed from West Frisian Wolvegea, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Wolf (a personal name) and gâ (“village, village area”).

A village and former municipality of Weststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands


Enkhuizen

First attested as enchusen around 1305. Compound of Middle Dutch enge (“farmland next to a village”) and the plural form of huus (“house”).

Meronyms: Oosterdijk, Westeinde

A city and municipality of North Holland, Netherlands


Buitenpost

Potentially attested as post in 1388, attested with certainty as uetpost in 1418. Calque of West Frisian Bûtenpost, a compound of Old Frisian buta (“outer, seaward”) and post (“simple bridge, gangboard across a ditch”). The element buiten was added to distinguish the settlement from Lutkepost.

A village and former municipality of Achtkarspelen, Friesland, Netherlands


Nieuwleusen

First attested as Nieuw-leusen in 1635. Univerbation of nieuw + Leusen. The element Leusen is of unknown origin. The element nieuw (“new”) was added at a later date to distinguish the settlement from Oudleusen.

unk

unknown

A village and former municipality of Dalfsen, Overijssel, Netherlands


Twello

First attested as twentlo at the end of the 13th century. Likely a compound derived from dialectal tween (“two”) and lo (“light forest”).

A village and former municipality of Gelderland, Netherlands


Hoogezand-Sappemeer

A former municipality of Groningen, Netherlands


Hattemerbroek

First attested as hattemerbroeck in 1416. Univerbation of Hattemer + broek. Originally the name of a field.

A village in Oldebroek, Gelderland, Netherlands


Diever

First attested as deuere in 1181. The toponym may be related to Middle Dutch *beduven (“dip in water, cover in water”). Alternatively, the toponym may derive from an ancient hydronym.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Dever.

cog

A village and former municipality of Westerveld, Drenthe, Netherlands


Wieringen

First attested as pago wirense and pago wirensi around the end of the 8th century and the early 9th century. Derived from Old Frisian *wîr (“artificial mound”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.

A region, former island and former municipality with city rights in North Holland, Netherlands.


Staphorst

First attested as staphorst in 1217. Compound of Middle Dutch stap (“step, slightly elevated place”) and horst (“overgrown elevated place”).

inh

Meronyms: De Leijen, Halfweg, Hamingen, IJhorst, Lankhorst, Punthorst, Rouveen, Slingenberg

A village and municipality of Overijssel, Netherlands


Raalte

First attested with certainty as ralte in 1275. Etymology unknown. Not derived from rode (“land cleared of trees”). Compare Rolde.

unk

unknown

Meronyms: Boetele, Broekland, De Hooge Wegen, Heeten, Heino, Laag Zuthem, Lierderholthuis, Luttenberg, Mariënheem, Nieuw-Heeten, Schoonheten


Oudleusen

First attested as lusne in 1311. Univerbation of oud + Leusen. The element Leusen is of unknown origin and is not related to loos (“drainage channel”). The element oud (“old”) was added at a later date to distinguish the settlement from Nieuwleusen. Compare Dalfsen, Hessum and Welsum.

unknown

A village in Dalfsen, Overijssel, Netherlands


Wilhelminaoord

First attested as WILHELMINA'SOORD in 1849. Compound of Wilhelmina + oord. Named after Wilhelmina of Prussia. Compare Boschoord, Frederiksoord and Willemsoord.

A village in Westerveld, Drenthe, Netherlands

Wilhelmina of Prussia, Princess of Orange


Steenwijk

First attested with certainty as stenwic in 1206. Compound of Old Dutch steen (“stone”) and wijk (“farmstead, village, settlement”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Stienwiek, Steenwiek.

A city and former municipality of Steenwijkerland, Overijssel, Netherlands


Smilde

First attested as Smilde in 1846. Difficult to interpret due to a paucity of old attestations. Proposed etymologies include a derivation from a term cognate to smal (“narrow”), a derivation from Old Saxon *smeltitha (“soft swampland”) and a derivation from smele (“hair grass, Deschampsia sp.”). Compare Smele.
See also Dutch De Smilde.

A village and former municipality of Midden-Drenthe, Drenthe, Netherlands


Dwingeloo

/ˈdʋɪ.ŋəˌloː/

First attested as twingelo in 1181. Compound of an unclear first element and lo (“light forest”). The first element has been interpreted as Proto-Germanic *thwangi (“belt”) and Middle Dutch dwing (“legal district, reserved area”). Compare Balloo.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Dwingel.