Oudkerk

First attested as aldakerka in 1421. Calque of West Frisian Aldtsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian alda (“old”) and tzercka (“church”).


Hardegarijp

First attested as herdegaryp in 1401. Borrowed from West Frisian Hurdegaryp, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian ripe (“edge, bank”).

A village and former municipality of Tytsjerksteradiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Veenwoudsterwal

First attested as Diepswal in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Feanwâldsterwâl, a compound of the toponym Feanwâlden and wâl (“levee, embankment wall”).

A village in Tytsjerksteradiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Hoogzand

First attested as Hoogzand in 1847. Calque of West Frisian It Heechsân, a compound of heech (“high, elevated”) and sân (“sand”).

A hamlet in Tytsjerksteradiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Kleinegeest

First attested as Lutke Geest in 1543. Calque of West Frisian De Lytse Geast, derived from lyts (“small, little”) and geast (“elevated sandy land”).


Giekerkerhoek

Calque of West Frisian Gytsjerksterhoeke, a compound of the toponym Gytsjerk and hoeke (“corner”).


Quatrebras

First attested as Quatrebras sometime after 1864. Derived from French quatre bras (“crossroads”). Originally the name of an inn, which was named as a double reference to its location at a crossroads as well as to Les Quatre Bras near Genappe in Belgium, where William II of Orange repulsed a French attack the day before the Battle of Waterloo on June 16 1815.


Wijns

Potentially attested as weingi in 944, attested with certainty as winenge in 1224. Borrowed from West Frisian Wyns, derived in turn from Old Frisian Wago (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


De Joere

First attested as de jouwer in 1448. Etymology uncertain. Compare Hiaure, Joure and De Jouwer.


Oostermeer

First attested as oestmeer in 1447. Calque of West Frisian Eastermar, a compound of Old Frisian āster (“eastern, east-”) and mar (“lake”).


Suawoude

First attested as suwald in 1481. Borrowed from West Frisian Suwâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian sūth (“south-, southern”) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).


Iniaheide

First attested as Lutke Inia in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Iniaheide, a compound of Inia (a surname) and heide (“heath, heathland”).


Witveen

First attested as opt Witte feenen in 1543. Calque of West Frisian It Wytfean, a compound of wyt (“white”) and fean (“peat bog, marsh”). Compare Witteveen.


Suameerderheide

Calque of West Frisian Sumarreheide, a compound of the toponym Sumar and heide (“heath, heathland”).


Bartlehiem

First attested as Bethlehem in 1232. Derived from Bethlehem, the name of a former Premonstratensian nunnery. The toponym was gradually reinterpreted to a compound of West Frisian Bartle (a personal name) and hiem (“home”).


Zwartewegsend

First attested as Zwartewegsend in 1847. Calque of West Frisian Swarteweisein, a compound of swart (“black”), wei (“way, road”) and ein (“end”). Originally the name of an inn. Named after a nearby road.


Noordermeer

* (Friesland) First attested as nordameer and nordamer in 1432. Calque of West Frisian Noardermar, derived from a compound of Old Frisian north (“north-, northern”) and mar (“lake”).
* (Noord-Holland) First attested as Noore meer in 1575. Compound of noord (“north-, northern”) and meer (“lake”). The toponym contrasts with Zuidermeer.

A hamlet in Koggenland, North Holland, Netherlands


Huins

First attested as hunenghe in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Húns, derived in turn from Old Frisian Huno (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.

A village in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Baard

First attested as bauwert in 1325. Borrowed from West Frisian Baard, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Bavo (a personal name) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Weidum

First attested as wedum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Weidum, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian *wēth (“pasture”).


Hezens

First attested as hessens in 1417. Borrowed from West Frisian Hesens, derived in turn from Hesens (a surname).

A hamlet in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Hijlaard

First attested as elawerth in 1329. Borrowed from West Frisian Hilaard, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Ele (a personal name) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Jellum

First attested as helmum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Jellum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Helm (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Siegerswoude

* (Opsterland) First attested as sigerwolde in 1315. Calque of West Frisian Sigerswâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Sieger (a personal name) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).
* (Tytsjerksteradiel) First attested as sigherswold in 1484. Calque of West Frisian Sigerswâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Sieger (a personal name) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).

A village in Opsterland, Friesland, Netherlands


Schillaard

First attested as scallaert in 1445. Borrowed from West Frisian Skillaerd, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian schil (“seashell”) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Hoptille

/ˈɦɔpˌtɪ.lə/

First attested as Hoptilla in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian Hoptille, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and tille (“fixed bridge”). The first element may be hoppe (“dry or nearly dry inlet”).


Oosterlittens

Potentially attested as lechinke [read: lethinge] in the second half of the 13th century, attested with certainty as aesterletzenze in 1402. Borrowed from West Frisian Easterlittens, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian āsta (“east-, eastern”) and either Lêta (a personal name) or *leta (“watercourse”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. The element easter was added to distinguish the settlement from Westerlittens.


Mantgum

First attested as mantingum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Mantgum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Mante (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Brantgum, Mantinge and Tjeintgum.


Wammerd

First attested as wammert in 1493. Borrowed from West Frisian Wammert, potentially derived in turn from Old Frisian Wamme (a personal name) or wan (“bad, poor”) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Irnsum

First attested as yrntzom in 1399-1401. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Irin (a personal name) suffixed with hēm (“home, settlement”). The Dutch form of the toponym is derived from an earlier variant of the Frisian name.


Schrins

First attested as scrinze in 1446. Borrowed from West Frisian Skrins, of unknown etymology. Possibly derived from Old Frisian skerd (“notch”) or *Skarde (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. Compare Scarcliff.

unk

unknown


Warstiens

First attested as wer-steens in 1477. Borrowed from West Frisian Warstiens, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian wer (“parcel, landed property”) and Stening (a surname).


Wieuwens

Potentially attested as wijbens in 1504, attested with certainty as Wieuwens of Sprong in 1844. If the oldest attestation refers to the current settlement, a derivation from West Frisian Wibe (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ens is possible. If the oldest attestation does not refer to the current settlement, a derivation from Old Frisian Wieu (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- is possible.


Friens

First attested as frenigge in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Friens, derived in turn from Old Frisian Frana (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Roordahuizum

First attested as rorthahusum in 1389. Compound of either Old Frisian Roorda (a surname) or the toponym Raerd and the plural form of hūs (“house”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from a significantly older version of the Frisian name.

A village and former municipality of Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Idaard

Potentially attested as edenwerfa in 944, attested with certainty as etwerth in 1314. Borrowed from West Frisian Idaerd, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Eda (a personal name) and werf (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The second element was gradually reinterpreted to wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Grouw

First attested as de growe in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Grou, derived in turn from a hydronym derived from Old Frisian growe (“gully”).


Abbengawier

First attested as abbingweer in 1448. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Abbinga (a surname) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from a significantly older version of the Frisian name.


Angwier

First attested as Angweer in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Angwier, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Engwier.


Finkum

First attested as finckum in 1335. Derived from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian hēm (“home, settlement”). The first element is not vinke (“low-quality turf”) or a personal name. The Dutch version of the toponym was borrowed from a significantly older form of the Frisian name.


Domwier

Potentially attested as demingwere in 1314, attested with certainty as Demweer in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Domwier, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Deminga (a surname) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Jelsum

First attested as heilsum around 1270. Borrowed from West Frisian Jelsum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Helle (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Britsum

First attested as bruggiheim in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Britsum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian bregge (“bridge”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Naarderburen

First attested as Hennaerderebwren in 1527. Calque of West Frisian Narderbuorren, derived from a compound of the toponym Hinnaard and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Truurd

First attested as Truyrd in 1540. Borrowed from West Frisian Truerd, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian triu (“tree”) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Hijum

First attested as hehem in 1431. Borrowed from West Frisian Hijum, likely derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Haie (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Vensterburen

First attested as Vensterbuyren in 1664. Borrowed from West Frisian Finsterbuorren, a compound of finne (“pasture, swampland”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Jorwerd

First attested as everwerth in 1221. Borrowed from West Frisian Jorwert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Ever (a personal name) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Stiens

First attested as steninge in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Stiens, derived in turn from Old Frisian Stêna (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. Compare Staining and Steyning.


De Bird

* (Leeuwarden) First attested as berd in 1511.
* (Súdwest-Fryslân) First attested as Bird and Hagena Bird in 1511. Derived from Old Frisian bird (“edge, bank”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.

A hamlet in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Swichum

First attested as swygghem in the 14th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Swichum, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian hēm (“home, settlement”). The first element may be a personal name.


Aegum

First attested as agum in 1503. Borrowed from West Frisian Eagum, potentially derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Age (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Goutum

First attested as goeltum in 1366. Borrowed from West Frisian Goutum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Golde (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Lekkum

First attested as lackum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Lekkum, derived in turn from a compound of the hydronym Luts and Old Frisian hēm (“home, settlement”).


Gotum

Potentially attested as gottincheim around 825-842, attested with certainty as Gôtum in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian Goattum, derived in turn from Old Frisian Gote (a personal name) or Gottinge (a surname) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Oude Leije

/ˈɑu̯.də ˈlɛi̯.ə/

First attested as op ter leya in 1466. Calque of West Frisian Alde Leie, derived in turn from Old Frisian ald (“old”) and leije (“excavated or canalised watercourse”).


Baardburen

First attested as brauwert in 1435. Calque of West Frisian Baarderbuorren, a compound of the toponym Brauwert (derived in turn from Old Frisian brâda (“broad”) and wert (“artificial mound used for habitation”)) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


De Groote Bontekoe

Derived from groot (“big”) and the surname Bontekoe. Named after a former inn.


Midsburen

Calque of West Frisian Midsbourren, a compound of mid (“mid-, middle”) and the plural form of buer (“home, cottage”).


Teerns

Potentially attested as terynse in 1397, attested with certainty as thernze in 1427. Borrowed from West Frisian Tearns, presumably derived from Old Frisian There (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. Compare Tirns.


Snakkerburen

First attested as Snackerbuyren in 1664. Borrowed from West Frisian Snakkerbuorren, a compound of an unclear first element and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”). The first element may be cognate with Middle Dutch snacker (“yapping dog”) or Dutch Low Saxon snakken (“speak senselessly”).


Poelhuizen

First attested as De Poelen in 1540. Calque of West Frisian Poelhuzen, a compound of poel (“pool”) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Marwird

First attested as merwethe in 1314. Borrowed from West Frisian Marwert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian mar (“lake, pool”) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Wijtgaard

First attested as wytghardera ny land in 1485. Borrowed from West Frisian Wytgaard, potentially derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian wīt (“white”) and garda (“garden”) or, alternatively, from a surname and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Bilgaard.


Noordend

First attested as Noord End in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Noardein, a compound of noard (“north-, northern”) and ein (“end”). The element noard was added to distinguish the toponym from Zuiderend.


Tjaard

First attested as tytzaerd in 1490. Borrowed from West Frisian Tsjaard, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Tyts (a personal name) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Kaard and Teerd.


Miedum

* (Leeuwarden) First attested as medemma gha in 1415. Borrowed from West Frisian Miedum, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian mede (“meadow”).
* (Waadhoeke) First attested as medum in 1417. Borrowed from West Frisian Miedum, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian mede (“meadow”).

A hamlet in Waadhoeke, Friesland, Netherlands


Houtigehage

/ˌɦɑu̯.tɪ.ɣəˈɦaː.ɣə/

First attested as Houtige Hagen in 1861. Compound of houtig (“covered in trees and shrubs”) and haag (“enclosed area, fence”).

A village in Smallingerland, Friesland, Netherlands


Boornbergum

First attested as Berghum and Bergum in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Boarnburgum, derived in turn from a compound of the hydronym Boarn and the dative plural form of Old Frisian berch (“hill, elevated place”).


Cornjum

First attested as coernem in 1423. Borrowed from West Frisian Koarnjum, potentially derived in turn from Old Frisian Curra (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Korhorn, Kornhorn and Korrewegwijk.


Goëngahuizen

First attested as Gonyehuisen in 1573. Calque of West Frisian Goaïingahuzen, a compound of Goinga (a surname) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Vierhuis

* (De Fryske Marren) First attested as Vierhuysen in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Fjouwerhûs, derived from a compound of fjouwer (“four”) and hûs (“house”). The settlement was probably initially composed of four houses.
* (Leeuwarden) First attested as fyorhustera gued in 1437. Calque of West Frisian Fjouwerhús, derived from a compound of Old Frisian fiūwer (“four”) and hūs (“house”). Originally the name of a manor.

De Fryske Marren
De Fryske Marren#English

A hamlet in De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands


De Wilgen

First attested as De Wilgen in 1580. Calque of West Frisian De Wylgen, derived from the plural form of wylch (“willow, Salix sp.”).


De Tike

First attested as Teeckeveen in 1541. Borrowed from West Frisian De Tike, presumably derived in turn from tieke (“tick, Ixodida sp.”).


De Drie Romers

Derived from drie (“three”) and the plural form of roemer (“rummer”). Originally the name of an inn.


Opeinde

First attested as wp an endde in 1439. Derived from Middle Dutch opeinde (“upper end”).


Rottevalle

First attested as de Rottevalle in 1622. Calque of West Frisian De Rottefalle, derived in turn from rottefalle (“rat trap, type of sluice which resembles a rat trap”).


De Veenhoop

First attested as De Veenhoop in 1851-1855. Derived from Middle Dutch veenhoep (“place where turf can be extracted”).


Nijega

/ˈnɛi̯.əˌɣaː/

First attested as nyegae in 1412. Calque of West Frisian Nijegae, derived in turn from Old Frisian nia (“new”) and gâ (“village, village area”). The element nije was added to distinguish the settlement from Oudega.


Smalle Ee

First attested as smalena in 1230. Calque of West Frisian Smelle Ie, derived in turn from a hydronym derived from Old Frisian smel (“narrow”) and ē (“watercourse”).


Oudega

/ˈɑu̯.dəˌɣaː/

* (Smallingerland) First attested as aldga in 1439. Calque of West Frisian Aldegae, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”) and gâ (“village, village area”). The element âld was added to distinguish the settlement from Nijega.
* (De Fryske Marren) First attested as oldegae in 1412. Calque of West Frisian Aldegea, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”) and gâ (“village, village area”).
* (Súdwest-Fryslân) First attested with certainty as aldakerke in 1245. Calque of West Frisian Aldegea, derived in turn from Old Frisian ald (“old”) and gâ (“village, village area”). The second element was initially kerk (“church”).

A village and former municipality of Smallingerland, Friesland, Netherlands

A village in De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands

A village in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Kortehemmen

First attested as korteham in 1444. Calque of West Frisian Koartehimmen, a compound of Old Frisian kort (“short”) and him (“inland polder with natural drainage”) or ham (“alluvial land in the bend of a river”).


Dantumawoude

First attested as dointhimwalde in 1369. Calque of West Frisian Dantumawâld, a compound of Old Frisian Dantuma (a surname) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). Fused in 1971 with Akkerwoude and Murmerwoude to form Damwoude.

A former village and former municipality of Dantumadiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Schilkampen

First attested as Schilcampen in 1562. Calque of West Frisian Skilkampen, a compound of skyl (“seashell”) and the plural form of kamp (“enclosed piece of land”). The area around the hamlet was formerly used as a storage site for seashells used in the production of chalk.


Buitenstverlaat

First attested as Verlaat (Het Buitenste) in 1899. Compound of buitenst (“outermost”) and verlaat (“small lift-lock”).

A hamlet in Smallingerland, Friesland, Netherlands


Hempens

First attested as hempens in 1463. Derived from Old Frisian *Hempe (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older version of the Frisian toponym.


De Kletten

First attested as Kletten in 1664. Borrowed from West Frisian De Kletten, potentially derived from the plural form of klit (“burdock, Arctium sp.”).


De Puntpaal

Calque of West Frisian De Puntpael, derived in turn from puntpeal (“boundary marker”). The settlement is located close to the provincial border.


Egbertsgaasten

First attested as Egberts Gaesten in 1664. Compound of Egbert (a personal name) and the plural form of West Frisian gaast (“elevated sandy land”).


Middelburen

First attested as Middelbuiren in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Middelbuorren, a compound of middel (“middle, mid-”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Galhoek

First attested as De Galhoek in 1851-1855. Calque of West Frisian Galhoeke, of uncertain etymology. The toponym may be a compound of a hydronym, galge (“gallows”) or gagel (“bog myrtle, Mirica gale”) and hoeke (“corner”), although none of the proposed compounds can be confirmed due to a paucity of old attestations.


Luchtenveld

First attested as Luchterveld in 1899. Calque of West Frisian Luchtenfjild, a compound of an unclear first element and fjild (“field”). The first element may be Dutch Low Saxon luchter (“bundle of reeds used as kindling”) or a toponym *Lucht. Alternatively, the toponym may be a compound of lucht (“air”) and veld (“field”), used here as a reference to the open expanse of fields around the hamlet. May have originally been the name of an inn.


Opperburen

First attested as d' Opperbuiren in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Opperbuorren, a compound of opper (“upper”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Wierren

First attested as De Wierren in 1700. Borrowed from West Frisian Wierren, derived from the plural form of wier (“clay hill, elevated place”).


Siteburen

First attested as Sytebuyren in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Sitebuorren, a compound of Site (a personal name) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Noorderend

Calque of West Frisian Noarderein, a compound of noarder (“northern”) and ein (“end”).


Zuiderheide

Calque of West Frisian Suderheide, a compound of suder (“southern”) and heide (“heath, heathland”).


De Gaasten

First attested as die Gasten in 1543. Calque of West Frisian De Geasten, derived from the plural form of gaast (“elevated sandy land”).


Drachtstercompagnie

First attested as COMPAGNIE (DE) in 1841. Compound of the toponym Drachten and compagnie (“company”).


Zandburen

* (Friesland) First attested as Sandbuyren in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Sânbuorren, a compound of sân (“sand”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).
* (Noord-Holland) First attested as Zand Burem in 1839-1859. Compound of zand (“sand”) and the plural form of buur (“cottage, small house”). The element zand was added to distinguish the settlement from Noordburen.

A hamlet in Hollands Kroon, North Holland, Netherlands


Bakkeveen

First attested as backenvene in 1232-1233. Calque of West Frisian Bakkefean, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Bakke (a personal name) and fene (“peat bog, marsh”).


Beetsterzwaag

First attested as suagh in 1315. Calque of West Frisian Beetstersweach, derived in turn from a compound of the toponym Ald Beets and Old Frisian swâg (“pasture, land where cattle is kept”).

der

A village and former municipality of Opsterland, Friesland, Netherlands


Frieschepalen

First attested as Vriesche Palen in 1622. Calque of West Frisian Fryske Peallen, derived from Frysk (“Frisian”) and the plural form of peal (“border, borderland”). The village is located on the border of the province.


Hemrik

First attested as hemericke in 1315. Derived from Old Frisian hemrike (“village area”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier variant of the Frisian name.


Gorredijk

/ˌɣɔ.rəˈdɛi̯k/

First attested as op de Gorredijck and Goeredijck in 1650. Calque of West Frisian De Gordyk, a compound of goarre (“swampy forest soil”) and dyk (“levee”).


Jonkersland

First attested as Jonkersland ('t) in 1899. Calque of West Frisian Jonkerslân, a compound of jonker (“squire”) and lân (“land”). Probably named after Juw Dekama.


Langezwaag

/ˈlɑ.ŋəˌzʋaːx/

First attested as utresuagh in 1315. Calque of West Frisian Langsweagen, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian lang (“long”) and swâg (“pasture, place where cattle is kept”). The element lang was added to distinguish the settlement from Kortezwaag.


Kortezwaag

First attested as urasuagh in 1315. Calque of West Frisian Koartsweagen, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian kort (“short”) and swâg (“pasture, place where cattle is kept”). The element kort was added to distinguish the settlement from Langezwaag.

A hamlet in Opsterland, Friesland, Netherlands


Nij Beets

First attested as Oud en Nieuw Beets in 1899. Borrowed from West Frisian Nij Beets, derived from nij (“new”) and the toponym Oud Beets.


Olterterp

First attested as utrathorp in 1315. Borrowed from West Frisian Olterterp, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian utra (“outer, outward”) and thorp (“village”). The second element was gradually reinterpreted as terp (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The toponym contrasts with Ureterp.


Tijnje

First attested as Tinie in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian De Tynje, derived in turn from tynje (“fence, fish weir made of withes”).


Lippenhuizen

First attested as luppingahusum in 1315. Borrowed from West Frisian Lippenhuzen, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Luppinga (a surname) and the plural form of hūs (“house”). The first element was gradually reinterpreted to lip (“northern lapwing, Vanellus vanellus”). Compare Lippenwoude.


Wijnjewoude

/ˌʋɛi̯n.jəˈʋɑu̯.də/

Compound of the toponyms Wijnjeterp and Duurswoude, the two villages which fused to form the current settlement.


Ureterp

First attested as urathorp in 1315. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian ûr (“over, upper”) and thorp (“village”). The Dutch version of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier form of the Frisian name. The toponym contrasts with Olterterp.


Luxwoude

First attested as lukeswalde in 1315. Borrowed from West Frisian Lúkswâld, a compound of Old Frisian Lukes (a personal name) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). Compare Lucaswolde.


Terwispel

First attested as wispolia in 1315. Borrowed from West Frisian Terwispel, derived in turn from an inflected form of te (“at”) and the hydronym Wispel, potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian wisch (“wet pasture”) and pôl (“pool”) or from a verb cognate to Dutch kwispelen (“wave, meander”).


Tjeintgum

First attested as szyntinge in 1329. Borrowed from West Frisian Tsjeintgum, derived in turn from Old Frisian *Szynta (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Brantgum and Mantgum.


Allardsoog

First attested as Allartsoog in 1851. Compound of Allard (a personal name) and oog (“eye”). Originally the name of an inn. The inn may have been named after Allart Scheltinga, a nobleman who owned lands near the current hamlet.


Haneburen

First attested as Haneburen in 1861. Calque of West Frisian Hoannebuorren, potentially a compound of a personal name and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Folgeren

First attested as folgelen in 1543. Calque of West Frisian De Folgeren, derived from the plural form of folger (“newly reclaimed land lying next to old reclaimed land, isolated, low-quality land”). Compare De Volgerlanden.


De Kooi

* (Friesland) Calque of West Frisian De Koai, derived from koai (“duck decoy”).
* (Gorinchem) First attested as Kooi in 1869. Derived from kooi (“duck decoy”).
* (Leiden)

A hamlet in Gorinchem, South Holland, Netherlands


Hemrikerverlaat

First attested as Hemrikerverlaat in 1936. Compound of the toponym Hemrik and verlaat (“small lift-lock”).


Heidehuizen

First attested as Heyd huysen in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Heidehuzen, a compound of heide (“heath, heathland”) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Selmien

First attested as Selmien in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian Selmien, potentially derived from a compound of syl (“discharge sluice”) and the plural form of miede (“meadow”).


Voorwerk

Borrowed from West Frisian Foarwurk, derived from foarwurk (“monastic grange”).


Klein Groningen

First attested as Klein Groningen in 1820. Derived from klein (“little”) and the toponym Groningen. Founded by labourers from Groningen.


Uilesprong

First attested as d Uylesprong in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian Ulesprong, a hydronym potentially derived from a compound of ôl (“land next to water, humid low-lying land”) and sprong (“double bend of a watercourse”).


Rolbrug

Derived from rolbrug (“rolling bridge”).


Nieuwe Vaart

* (Ooststellingwerf) Derived from nieuw (“new”) and vaart (“canal”). Named after a neighbouring canal.
* (Opsterland) First attested as Nye Sloot in 1700. Derived from nieuw (“new”) and vaart (“canal”).

A hamlet in Ooststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands


Oud Beets

First attested as beke in 1315. Borrowed from West Frisian Ald Beets, derived in turn from âld (“old”) and Old Frisian bitze (“brook, stream”). The element âld was added to distinguish the settlement from Nij Beets.


Ureterp aan de Vaart

Calque of West Frisian Oerterp oan de Feart, derived from the toponym Oerterp and the name of a nearby road.


Vosseburen

First attested as Vosseburen in 1861. Borrowed from an earlier version of West Frisian Foksebuorren, a compound of the surname Vos and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”). Named after Anna de Vos, a local inhabitant. The first element was gradually reinterpreted to foks (“fox, Vulpes vulpes”) in Frisian.


Wijngaarden

* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as wingardo in 1181. Derived from the plural form of Middle Dutch wingaert (“vineyard”). The name may have been coined in an ecclesiastical milieu in order to lure colonists to the settlement. Compare Bonrepas, Kockengen, Koekange, Kudelstaart, Schoonebeek and Schoonoord.
* (Friesland) Attested as wyngaerden in 1664. Potentially derived from the plural form of West Frisian wyngerd (“vinyard”) or from the surname Van Wijngaarden. See also West Frisian De Wyngaerden.

A village and former municipality of Molenlanden, South Holland, Netherlands


Wijnjeterpverlaat

First attested as Wynjeterperverlaat in 1936. Compound of the toponym Wijnjeterp and verlaat (“small lift-lock”).


Meskenwier

A hamlet in Heerenveen, Friesland, Netherlands


Oosterend

* (Súdwest-Fryslân) First attested as aestereyende in 1378. Calque of West Frisian Easterein, derived from a compound of Old Frisian aester (“eastern”) and enda (“end”).
* (Terschelling) First attested as apud Sanctum Nycolaum in 1296. Compound of ooster (“eastern, east-”) and end (“end, edge”). See also West Frisian Aasterein.
* (Noord-Holland) First attested as oesterenende in 1317. Compound of Middle Dutch ooster (“eastern, east-”) and ende (“end, edge”).
* (Opsterland) Calque of West Frisian Easterein, a compound of easter (“eastern”) and ein (“end”).

A village and former municipality of Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands

A village in Terschelling, Friesland, Netherlands

A village in Texel, North Holland, Netherlands


Oosterboorn

First attested as Oosterboorn in 1846. Calque of West Frisian Easterboarn, compound of easter (“eastern”) and the hydronym Boarn.


Bontebok

First attested as Bonte Bock in 1640. Derived from a compound of bont (“motley”) and bok (“billy goat”). Originally the name of an inn.

A village in Heerenveen, Friesland, Netherlands


Warniahuizen

First attested as wantengha huzem in 1438. Calque of West Frisian Warniahúzen, a compound of Old Frisian Wantengha (a surname) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


De Knipe

First attested as Nieubrongerga in 1622. Borrowed from West Frisian De Knipe, derived in turn from knipe (“lock, artificial narrowing of a watercourse”).


Oude Schouw

First attested as de Oude-Schouw in 1840. Calque of West Frisian Aldskou, a compound of âld (“old”) and skou (“ferry”). Originally the name of an inn.


Henshuizen

First attested as henshuystera gued in 1476. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Henna (a personal name) or Heense and the plural form of hūs (“house”). The Dutch version of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier form of the Frisian name.


Poppenhuizen

First attested as popingha in 1369. Calque of West Frisian Poppenhúzen, a compound of Poppinga (a surname) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Gersloot

First attested as gerslach [read: gerslath] in 1281. Calque of West Frisian Gersleat, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian gēr (“tapering piece of land”) and slāt (“excavated ditch used to drain an area”).


Pean

First attested as apaen and epaen in 1450. Borrowed from West Frisian Pean, potentially derived from Proto-Germanic *apa (“river, stream”).


Akkrum

First attested as ackrom in 1315. Borrowed from West Frisian Akkrum, of unknown etymology. Potentially derived from Old Frisian ake (“fish weir”). Various proposed compounds of a personal name or oikonym and hēm (“home, settlement”) do not match the oldest attestations of the toponym.

unk

unknown

A village and former municipality of Heerenveen, Friesland, Netherlands


Katlijk

First attested as kathaleke in 1315. Borrowed from West Frisian Ketlik, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian katte (“cat, Felis domesticus”), Katte (a personal name) or kat (“type of sluice”) and leka (“natural watercourse”).


Sorremorre

First attested as sudmorra in 1449. Borrowed from West Frisian Soarremoarre, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian sūth (“south-, southern”) and the hydronym Morra (now called Botmar), derived from mora (“bog, marshland”).


Sparjebird

First attested as Sparrje bird in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian Sparjeburd, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian *Sparringa (a surname) and burd (“bank, edge”).


Jubbega

/ˈjʏ.bəˌɣaː/

First attested as jobbegae in 1408. Derived from West Frisian Jobbegea, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Jobbe (a personal name) and gâ (“village, village area”).


Brongerga

/ˈbrɔ.ŋərˌɣaː/


Hoornsterzwaag

First attested as suage in 1408. Calque of West Frisian Hoarnstersweach, a compound of the toponym Aldhoarne and Old Frisian swâg (“pasture, land where cattle is kept”).


Oranjewoud

Attested as het Oranjewoud in 1840. Compound of Oranje (a surname) and woud (“wood”). Named after a manor built by princess Albertina of Orange around 1665.


Luinjeberd

First attested as lyedingaberde in 1281. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Ludo (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and the dative singular form of bert (“place with houses”).


Tjalleberd

First attested as tyanlaberde in 1315. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Tjalle (a personal name) and the dative singular form of bert (“place with houses”). The Dutch version of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier form of the Frisian name.


Mildam

First attested as Meyledam in 1523. Borrowed from West Frisian Mildaam, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Meila (a personal name) and dam (“dam”).


Terband

First attested as bant in 1315. Calque of West Frisian Terbant, derived in turn from a compound of an inflected form of te (“at”) and Old Saxon bant (“area, inhabited area”).


Haskerdijken

First attested as dijcken in 1465. Borrowed from West Frisian Haskerdiken, a compound of the toponym Aldehaske and the dative plural form of Old Frisian dyk (“levee”).


Nieuweschoot

First attested as nye schoten in 1408. Calque of West Frisian Nijskoat, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian nia (“new”) and scâta (“piece of land which juts upward”). The element nij was added to distinguish the settlement from Oudeschoot.


Spitsendijk

First attested as Spitsenbrug in 1853. Calque of West Frisian Spitsendyk, a compound of spits (“tapering, protruding”) and dyk (“levee”).


Anneburen

* (Heerenveen) Calque of West Frisian Annebuorren, a compound of Anne (a personal name) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”). The hamlet was named after Anne Seizes van der Kerk, who owned a farm in the settlement in the 19th century.
* (Súdwest-Fryslân) First attested as Anne Buiren in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Annebuorren, a compound of Anne (a personal name) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).

A hamlet in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Oudeschoot

First attested as scoeten and scoten in 1299. Calque of West Frisian Aldskoat, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”) and scâta (“piece of land which juts upward”). The element âld was added to distinguish the settlement from Nieuweschoot.


Nieuwehorne

First attested as hoerne cum duabus capellis in 1315. Calque of West Frisian Nijhoarne, derived from a compound of Old Frisian nia (“new”) and hern (“corner of a levee”). The element nij was added to distinguish the settlement from Oudehorne.


Sythuizen

First attested as zithahwsen in 1465. Calque of West Frisian Sythuzen, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Sijte (a personal name) and the plural form of hūs (“house”).


Oudehorne

/ˌɑu̯.dəˈɦɔr.nə/

First attested as hoerne cum duabus capellis in 1315. Calque of West Frisian Aldhoarne, derived from a compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”) and hern (“corner of a levee”). The element âld was added to distinguish the settlement from Nieuwehorne.


Schurega

First attested as scueringa in 1408. Borrowed from West Frisian Skuorregea, potentially a compound of an otherwise unattested personal name or Old Frisian skūre (“barn, shed”) and gâ (“village, village area”).


Birstum

First attested as bersachon [read: bersathon] in 1315. Etymology uncertain. If the oldest attestation refers to the current settlement, a derivation from a compound of Old Frisian bêre (“barn, house”) or bêr (“manure”) and sâtha (“sod of ground”), sâth (“source, well”) or sate (“dwelling, domicile”) is possible. If the oldest attestation does not refer to the current settlement, a derivation from Birst (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- is possible.


Appelscha

First attested as appels in 1247 and 1251. Borrowed from West Frisian Appelskea, potentially derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian appel (“apple”) and *skea (“forest”); however, the oldest attestations do not support this etymology.

A village in Ooststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands


Gersloot-Polder

Compound of the toponym Gersloot and polder (“polder”).


Oldeboorn

First attested as bornde in 1243. Borrowed from West Frisian Aldeboarn, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”) and the hydronym Boarn.


Haule

First attested as die hauwele in 1408. Potentially derived from a term cognate to Old English hafola (“head”), referring here to an elevated place or a protruding piece of land.


Fochteloo

First attested as fyochtelo in 1408. Potentially derived from a compound of a term cognate to vocht (“moisture”) and lo (“light forest”).


Haulerwijk

/ˌɦɑu̯.lərˈʋɛi̯k/

First attested as Haulerwijk in 1844. Compound of the toponym Haule and wijk (“secondary canal in a turf extraction area”).


Makkinga

First attested as Mackinge and Mackingen in 1527. Derived from West Frisian Makkinga (a surname).


Langedijke

/ˌlɑ.ŋəˈdɛi̯.kə/

First attested as langedijc in 1408. Compound of lang (“long”) and the dative singular form of Middle Dutch dijk (“levee”).


Waskemeer

First attested as Gr. Waske Meer in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian Waskemar, derived in turn from a compound of West Frisian waskje (“wash”) and mar (“lake”). Originally a hydronym. Compare Wesch.


Donkerbroek

First attested as duncbrueck, dumbraech and dongbroec in 1408. Potentially derived from a compound of Dutch Low Saxon dong (“manure, dung”) and broek (“marsh, marshland”). The first element was gradually reinterpreted to donker (“dark”).


Oldeberkoop

First attested as brokope in 1232-1233. Potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”), *brôk (“marsh, marshland”) and kope (“purchase”). The element âld was added to distinguish the settlement from Nijeberkoop.
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Nijeberkoop

First attested as oostbrocop and westbrocop in 1320. Derived from a compound of West Frisian nij (“nieuw”), Old Frisian *brôk (“marsh, marshland”) and kope (“purchase”). The element nij was added to distinguish the settlement from Oldeberkoop.
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Bentemaden

Compound of bent (“moor grass, Molinia sp.”) and the plural form of made (“pasture”).


Bovenveld

Compound of boven (“upper, up-”) and veld (“field”).


Boekhorst

First attested as Bueckhorst in 1622. Compound of a dialectal form of beuk (“beech, Fagus sp.”) and horst (“overgrown elevated place”).


Buttinga

First attested as butinge and buttinga in the 17th century. Derived from West Frisian Buttinga (a surname).


Jardinga

First attested as Jardingermark in 1543. Derived from West Frisian Jardinga (a surname).


Elleboog

Derived from elleboog (“elbow”). The hamlet is located near a sharp bend in a canal.


Drie Tolhekken

Derived from drie (“three”) and the plural form of tolhek (“toll-gate”).


Bûterheideveld

Calque of West Frisian Bûteheidefjild, a compound of bûter (“outer”), heide (“heath, heathland”) and fjild (“field”).


De Koelanden

Compound of koe (“cow”) and the plural form of land (“land”).


Koudenburg

First attested as Koudenburg and Koldenburgh in 1718. Compound of koud (“abandoned, not in use”) and burg (“fortified place, castle”).


Janssenstichting

Attested as P.W. Janssenstichting in 1958. Compound of Janssen (a surname) and stichting (“foundation”). Named after Peter Wilhelm Janssen, an entrepreneur and philanthropist who founded several social organisations and developed land in the Ooststellingwerf area.


Medhuizen

First attested as Mathuysen in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Medhuzen, a compound of med (“meadow”) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Nanninga

Derived from West Frisian Nanninga (a surname).


Klazinga

Derived from West Frisian Klazinga (a surname).


Deddingabuurt

First attested as Doddingebuyrt in the 17th century. Calque of West Frisian Deddingabuorren, a compound of Deddinga (a surname) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”). The second element was gradually replaced by buurt (“hamlet”). Compare Dedgum.


Laagduurswoude

First attested as Leeg Duirswolde in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Leech Duerswâld, derived in turn from leech (“low”) and a compound of Old Frisian Djoerd (a personal name) and wald (“swamp forest, marsh forest”). The element leech was added to distinguish the settlement from Hoogeduurswoude.


Hoogeduurswoude

First attested as Hoog Duirswolde in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Hegeduerswâld, derived in turn from a compound of heech (“high, elevated”), Old Frisian Djoerd (a personal name) and wald (“swamp forest, marsh forest”). The element heech was added to distinguish the settlement from Laagduurswoude.


Prandinga

Derived from West Frisian Prandinga (a surname).


Weperpolder

Compound of the toponym Weper and polder (“polder”).


Venekoten

First attested as Venekoeten in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Feanekoaten, a compound of fean (“peat bog, marsh”) and the plural form of kot (“cottage, shack”).


Schrappinga

First attested as Schrappinga in 1622. Derived from West Frisian Schrappinga (a surname).


Terwisscha

First attested as Terwisch and Ter wijsga in 1565. Compound of an inflected form of te (“at”) and wisch (“wet pasture”).


't Hoogezand

/ət ˈɦoː.ɣəˌzɑnt/

Compound of hoog (“high, elevated”) and zand (“sand”).


Weper

First attested as by Weper in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian De Weper, of uncertain etymology. Potentially derived from a hydronym derived from or cognate to Old Frisian wapul (“stagnant body of water, swamp”).


Veneburen

First attested as vuerbueren in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Finnebuorren, derived in turn from a compound of fean (“peat bog, marsh”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Langelille

/ˌlɑ.ŋəˈlɪ.lə/

First attested as Langelijle in 1580. Potentially a compound of lang (“long”) and dialectal lillen (“shake weakly, shudder weakly”) or the hydronym Linde. Originally the name of a road.

A village in Weststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands


Blesdijke

First attested as blesdic in 1350. Derived from a compound of a variant of either Middle Dutch blasse (“white spot, bald spot”) or a hydronym and dijk (“levee”).


Oosterstreek

First attested as Oosterstreek in 1974. Compound of ooster (“eastern”) and streek (“row of houses”).


De Hoeve

First attested as Wester Hoeven in 1718. Derived from hoeve (“farmstead”).


Noordwolde-Zuid

Compound of the toponym Noordwolde and zuid (“south”).


Rolpaal

* (Friesland) Derived from rolpaal (“pole used to secure a rope pulling a track boat”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Rolpaol and West Frisian Rolpeal.
* (Zuid-Holland) First attested as Rolpaal in 1936. Derived from rolpaal (“pole used to secure a rope pulling a track boat”).

A hamlet in Westland, South Holland, Netherlands


De Blesse

First attested as ter blesse in 1439. Derived from a variant of Middle Dutch blasse (“light spot, bald spot”).


Slijkenburg

First attested as slickenborg in 1398. Compound of slijk (“mud, sludge”) and burg (“manor”). Originally the name of a building.


Peperga

First attested as pepergae in 1399. Borrowed from West Frisian Pepergea, a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian gâ (“village, village area”). The first element may be a reference to the cultivation of Armoracia rusticana and Lepidium latifolium, both known as peperkruid (pepper herb).


Munnekeburen

First attested as monkeburen in 1243. Calque of West Frisian Munnikebuorren, a compound of monnik (“monk”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”). The village was founded by monks from Stavoren.


Aekinga

First attested as Aeckinga in the 17th century. Derived from West Frisian Aekinga (a surname).


Sonnega

/ˈsɔ.nəˌɣaː/

First attested as sonnegae in 1399. Borrowed from West Frisian Sonnegae, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Sonne (a personal name) and gâ (“village, village area”).

A village and former municipality of Weststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands


Zandhuizen

First attested as Santhuesen, Santhuysen and Zanthuys in 1543. Compound of zand (“sand”) and the plural form of huis (“house”).


Vinkega

/ˈvɪŋ.kəˌɣaː/

Potentially attested as bennickegae around 1408, attested with certainty as Finckega and Finckegae in 1542-1543. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Finke (a personal name) and gâ (“village, village area”).


Boekelte

First attested as Boekholt in 1718. Compound of a variant of beuk (“beech, Fagus sp.”) and holt (“rising deciduous forest”).

A hamlet in Weststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands


Spanga

First attested as spangghe in 1320. Etymology unknown. Potentially derived from a term cognate to Old English spann (“strip of land”), from Middle Dutch spange (“elongated strip of land”) or from an ancient hydronym. The element gea (“village, village area”) is a later addition that developed under influence from neighbouring toponyms. Compare Spanbroek, Spang, Spangen and Spannum.

unk

unknown


Schoterzijl

First attested as Scoterzyl in 1543. The toponym references a zijl (“discharge sluice”) near Oudeschoot and Nieuweschoot.


Nijetrijne

First attested as nienwestrinde in 1320. Compound of nieuw (“new”) and Old Frisian trind (“round”). The toponym may derive from the circular shape of the initial village. The element nieuw was added to distinguish the settlement from Oldetrijne.


Overburen

First attested as Over Buiren in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Oerbuorren, a compound of oer (“over”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Rijsberkampen

First attested as rysborcampe in 1429. Calque of West Frisian Rysberkampen, potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian *rijsbôrt (“waterside where brushwood grows”) and the plural form of kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).


Boijl

First attested as boilo in 1320. Compound of either a term cognate to Dutch Low Saxon Bühl (“small hill”), Middle Dutch Bode (a personal name) or boede (“shack, shed, small wooden building”) and lo (“light forest”).


Oldelamer

First attested as oldenlameren in 1320. Compound of oud (“old”) and potentially the hydronym Lemmer or an otherwise unknown toponym Lamer. The element oud was added to distinguish the settlement from Nijelamer.


Oldeholtwolde

/ˌɔl.dəˌɦɔltˈʋɔl.də/

First attested as oldeholtwolt in 1320. Compound of oud (“old”), either holt (“rising deciduous forest”) or dialectal hol (“low-lying”) and wold (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). The element oud was added to distinguish the settlement from Nijeholtwolde.


Nijelamer

First attested as nienlameren in 1320. Compound of nieuw (“new”) and either the hydronym Lemmer or an otherwise unknown toponym Lamer. The element nieuw was added to distinguish the settlement from Oldelamer.


Oldeholtpade

First attested as holenpathe juxta liennam in 1204. Compound of oud (“old”), holt (“rising deciduous forest”) and Old Dutch pade (“swamp, marsh”). The element oud was added to distinguish the settlement from Nijeholtpade.


Nijeholtpade

First attested as nyeholepat in 1399 and 1408. Compound of nieuw (“new”), holt (“rising deciduous forest”) and Old Dutch pade (“swamp, marsh”). The element nieuw was added to distinguish the settlement from Oldeholtpade.


Oldetrijne

First attested as ostrinde in 1320. Compound of oud (“old”) and Old Frisian trind (“round”). The toponym may derive from the circular shape of the initial village. The element oud was added to distinguish the settlement from Nijetrijne.


Nijeholtwolde

/ˌnɛi̯.əˌɦɔltˈʋɔl.də/

First attested as nieholtwolt in 1320. Compound of nieuw (“new”) and either holt (“rising deciduous forest”) or dialectal hol (“low-lying”) and wold (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). The element nieuw was added to distinguish the settlement from Oldeholtwolde.


De Knolle

First attested as Knolle in 1622. Derived from Middle Dutch cnol (“small hill, end of a levee”).


Steggerda

First attested as steggerden and steggarden in 1408. Etymology unknown. Unlikely to be a compound of Old Frisian steg (“narrow road, footpath”) and garda (“garden”). The -da ending developed under the influence of nearby toponyms.

unk

unknown


Ter Idzard

First attested as ydzerde in 1320. Derived from an inflected form of te (“at”) and Old Frisian Idzerda (a surname). Originally the name of a fortified manor.


Nijehaske

/ˌnɛi̯.əˈɦɑs.kə/

First attested as nya hascha in 1496. Borrowed from West Frisian Nijehaske, probably derived from a compound of Old Frisian nia (“new”) and *haske (“a species of grass”). The element nij was added to distinguish the settlement from Oudehaske.
The neighbourhood is named after the village.

A village in De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands


Akmarijp

First attested as ackrommarijp in 1315. Derived from a compound of the toponym Akkrum and Old Frisian ripe (“edge, bank”).


Dijken

First attested as In de Dijcken in 1505. Borrowed from West Frisian Diken, derived from the plural form of dyk (“levee”).


Bakhuizen

First attested as backhuysen in 1412. Calque of West Frisian Bakhuzen, derived from the plural form of bakhûs (“building in which bread and cattle feed were produced”).


Echtenerbrug

First attested as Echterbrug in 1718. Compound of the toponym Echten and brug (“bridge”).


Delfstrahuizen

First attested as nye delfsterhuisen and olde delfsterhuisen in 1408. Borrowed from a compound of West Frisian delf (“dug watercourse”) and the plural form of hûs (“house”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Boornzwaag

First attested as bennigaswach in the 13th century. Calque of West Frisian Boarnsweach, a compound of Old Frisian Benninga (a surname) or Bonninga and swâg (“pasture, land where cattle is kept”).


Bantega

First attested as Bantega in 1974. Compound of the toponym Bant (derived from bant (“area, inhabited area”)) and West Frisian ga (“village, village area”). Originally called Echtenpolder, a compound of the toponym Echten and polder (“polder”).


Follega

/ˈfɔ.ləˌɣaː/

First attested as ecclesia Folcolfi in the 13th century. Calque of West Frisian Follegea, a compound derived from Old Frisian Folle (a personal name) and gâ (“village, village area”).


Haskerhorne

First attested as hascherahorna in 1333. Calque of West Frisian Haskerhoarne, a compound of the toponym Aldehaske and horne (“corner, bend”).


Idskenhuizen

First attested as eesken hwsen in 1495. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Eesk (a personal name) or Eeske and the plural form of hūs (“house”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier variant of the Frisian name.


Goingarijp

First attested as godinriip in the 13th century. Calque of West Frisian Goaiïngaryp, a compound of the toponym Goaiïnga and Old Frisian ripe (“edge, bank”).


Langweer

First attested as languere in the 13th century. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian lang (“long”) and weer (“plot of land, landed property”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.

A village and former municipality of De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands


Mirns

First attested with certainty as midlinghe around 1243-1254. Derived from Old Frisian middila (“middle, mid-”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Legemeer

First attested as nouimeis in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Legemar, a compound of leech (“low”) and mar (“lake”). The village was formerly located next to a marshland which may have held the body of water the toponym derives from.


Harich

First attested as with certainty as harich in 1245. Borrowed from West Frisian Harich, derived in turn from Proto-Germanic *harug (“rockpile, holy place”). Compare Hargen, Kethel and Harrow.


Rijs

First attested as riis in 1333. Likely derived from a term cognate to rijs (“young branch, twig, brushwood”).


Oldeouwer

First attested as antiqua huer in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Alde Ouwer, derived in turn from Old Frisian ald (“old”) and ower (“bank, strip of land next to a watercourse”).


Scharsterbrug

First attested as Scharsterbrug in 1847. Compound of the hydronym Scharster and brug (“bridge”).


Nijemirdum

First attested as nuwe merden in 1399. Presumably derived from a compound of Old Frisian nī (“new”) and Proto-Germanic *mari (“lake, pool”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix *-iþi. The element nij was added to distinguish the settlement from Oudemirdum.


Rotstergaast

First attested as rutnergast in 1315. Borrowed from West Frisian Rotstergaast, a compound of the toponym Rottum and Old Frisian gast (“elevated sandy land”).


Teroele

First attested as olis in 1482. Borrowed from West Frisian Teroele, a compound of te (“at”) and Old Frisian ôl (“land next to water, humid low-lying land”).


Ouwsterhaule

First attested as haula in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Ousterhaule, derived from a compound of the toponym Ouwer (derived in turn from Old Frisian ower (“bank, strip of land next to a river”)) and potentially a term cognate to Old English hafola (“head”), referring here to an elevated place.


Sondel

First attested as syndele in 1422. Borrowed from West Frisian Sondel, potentially derived from a compound of a variant of Old Frisian sond (“sand”) and lo (“light forest”).


Sintjohannesga

First attested as Sint Jansga in 1408. Calque of West Frisian Sint-Jânsgea, a compound of the name of Saint John and Old Frisian gâ (“village, village area”).


Rotsterhaule

First attested as rottehaule in 1393. Borrowed from West Frisian Rotsterhaule, a compound of the toponym Rottum and an element potentially cognate to Old English hafola (“head”), referring here to an elevated place.


Oosterzee

First attested as osterse in 1132. Calque of West Frisian Eastersee, a compound derived from Proto-Germanic *austra- (“eastern”) and *saiwi (“sea, lake”).


Ouwster-Nijega

/ˌɑu̯.stərˈnɛi̯.əˌɣaː/

First attested as Oester Nyegae in 1505. Borrowed from West Frisian Ousternijegea, derived from the toponym Ouwer (derived in turn from Old Frisian ower (“bank, strip of land next to a watercourse”)) and a compound of nī (“new”) and gâ (“village, village area”).


Ruigahuizen

First attested as rughahusem in 1243-1254. Borrowed from West Frisian Rûgehuzen, a compound of either Old Frisian rug (“rough, wild”) or Roege (a personal name) and the plural form of hūs (“house”).


Vegelinsoord

First attested as Stobbegat in 1913. Compound of Vegelin van Claerbergen (a surname) and oord (“place”). Originally named after a hydronym. The village was renamed in honour of the Vegelin van Claerbergen family around 1955.


Tjerkgaast

First attested as tzerckgeest in 1413. Borrowed from West Frisian Tsjerkgaast, a compound of Old Frisian tzercka (“church”) and gast (“elevated sandy land”).


Oudehaske

/ˌɑu̯.dəˈɦɑs.kə/

First attested as hasca in 1315. Borrowed from West Frisian Aldehaske, probably derived from a compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”) and *haske (“a species of grass”). The element âld was added to distinguish the settlement from Nijehaske.


Terhorne

First attested as ter herna in 1491. Calque of West Frisian Terherne, derived from an inflected form of te (“at”) and Old Frisian hern (“corner, bend”).


Terkaple

First attested as cappelghe in the 13th century. Derived from a compound of te (“at”) and Medieval Latin cappella (“chapel”), whence Dutch kapel. Named after a chapel built by the Oenema family.


Wijckel

First attested with certainty as wijckel in 1412. Borrowed from West Frisian Wikel, potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Wike (a personal name) and lo (“light forest”).


Sint Nicolaasga

First attested as s'tum Nycolaum in the 13th century. Calque of West Frisian Sint Nikelsgea, a compound of the name of Saint Nicholas and Old Frisian gâ (“village, village area”).


Brekkenpolder

A hamlet in De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands


Ballingbuur

First attested as Balling Buir in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Ballingbuer, derived from a compound of Balling (a surname) and buer (“house, cottage”).


Commissiepolle

Compound of commissie (“commission”) and polle (“overgrown sandy hill, elevated place”). Precisely what the element commissie refers to is unclear.


Doniaga

First attested as doyenga in 1448. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Donia (a surname) and gâ (“village, village area”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older version of the Frisian name.


Boornzwaag over de Wielen

Calque of West Frisian Boarnsweach oer de Wielen, derived from the toponym Boarnsweach, oer (“over”) and the plural form of wiel (“kolk lake”). The settlement is separated from the rest of Boornzwaag by a set of lakes.


Snikzwaag

First attested as sneckswach in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Sniksweach, a compound of Old Frisian snik (“protruding”) and swâg (“pasture, land where cattle is kept”).


Elahuizen

First attested as elahuysen in 1412. Calque of West Frisian Ealahuzen, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Ele (a personal name) and the plural form of hūs (“house”).


Kolderwolde

First attested as kolderwout in 1398. Calque of West Frisian Kolderwâlde, a compound of the toponym Koudum and Old Frisian wāld (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).


Oudemirdum

First attested as mordum in 1245. Derived from a compound of oud (“old”) and presumably a compound of Proto-Germanic *mari (“lake”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix *-iþi. The element âld was added to distinguish the settlement from Nijemirdum.


Spannenburg

First attested as Spannenberg in 1874. Allegedly named after the owner of the inn around which the settlement developed.


Hooibergen

First attested as Hoeyberghe in 1530. Compound of Old Frisian hē (“hay”) and the dative singular form of berch (“hill, elevated place”).


Huisterheide

/ˌɦœy̯s.tərˈɦɛi̯.də/

Derived from a contraction of huis (“house”), an inflected form of te (“at”) and heide (“heath, heathland”). Originally the name of an inn.


Noed

First attested as op die Noed in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian De Noed, derived in turn from noed (“care, worry”), referring here to a plot of land requiring a lot of maintenance.


Delburen

First attested as Delburen in 1861. Calque of West Frisian Delbuorren, a compound of del (“dale”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Onland

First attested as Onland ('t) in 1899. Calque of West Frisian It Unlân, derived from ûnlân (“swampland, low-quality land”).


De Rijlst

First attested as De Kijl[read: De Rijl] in 1700. Borrowed from West Frisian De Rylst, derived in turn from ryl (“clear strip of land in a heathland”).


Vrisburen

First attested as Vrisbuiren in the 18th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Frisbuorren, a compound of an unclear first element and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Zevenbuurt

First attested as Zevenbuurt in 1936. Compound of zeven (“seven”) and buurt (“hamlet”).


Bargebek

First attested as Bargebek in 1936. Borrowed from West Frisian De Bargebek, a compound of baarch (“pig”) and bek (“head”). Originally the name of a field shaped roughly like a pig's head.


Trophorne

First attested as Traphorne in 1511. Derived from a contracted compound of an inflected form of te (“at”), op (“up”) and horn (“corner of a levee”).


Tacozijl

First attested as taeckazyl in 1475. Calque of West Frisian Teakesyl, a compound of Old Frisian Take (a personal name) and sīl (“discharge sluice”).


Finkeburen

First attested as Finkeburen in 1851-1855. Calque of West Frisian Finkebuorren, a compound of either Finke (a personal name), vinke (“poor-quality turf”) or fink (“common chaffinch, Fringilla coelebs”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Vinkeburen

Calque of West Frisian Finkebuorren, potentially a compound of finke (“low-quality turf”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Tweehuis

First attested in the early 18th century. Calque of West Frisian Twahûs, a compound of twa (“two”) and hûs (“house”).


Nieuw Amerika

First attested as Nij-Amerika in 1899. Calque of West Frisian Nij Amerika, derived from nij (“new”) and Amerika (“America”). Named after the continent.


Westerend-Harich

Calque of West Frisian Westerein Harich, derived from a compound of wester (“western”), ein (“end”) and the toponym Harich.


Sneek

First attested as sneke in the 13th century. Derived from Old Frisian snik (“protruding, tapering”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older version of the Frisian name.
See also West Frisian Snits.

A city and former municipality of Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Westend

Calque of West Frisian Westein, a compound of west (“west-”) and ein (“end”).


Terzool

First attested as in zole in 1335. Borrowed from West Frisian Tersoal, derived from a compound of an inflected form of te (“at”) and soal (“ditch, canal”).

A village in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Rauwerd

First attested as rawertham in the 13th century. Derived from a compound of Proto-Germanic *hriad (“reed”) and Old Frisian werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name. Compare Raard.


Poppingawier

/ˈpɔ.pɪŋ.ɣaːˌʋiːr/

First attested as popengwere in 1401. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Poppinga (a surname) and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Sijbrandaburen

First attested as zibrandaburghe in 1333. Calque of West Frisian Sibrandabuorren, a compound of Old Frisian Sibrand (a personal name) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Bozum

First attested as bosingum in 1260. Borrowed from West Frisian Boazum, derived in turn from a contracted compound of Old Frisian Bose (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Boesingheliede.


Deersum

First attested as deersum in 1427. Borrowed from West Frisian Dearsum, likely derived from a compound of Old Frisian *Diuara (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Britswerd

First attested as bretsenewarth in the second half of the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Britswert, derived from a compound of a term related to Old Frisian britsen (“break, shatter”) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Hennaard

Potentially attested as hanwurf [read: hanwurt] in 944, attested with certainty as hernawort in 1319. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian herna (“corner”) and wert (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older version of the Frisian name.


Oosterwierum

First attested as aesterwerum in 1319. Borrowed from West Frisian Easterwierrum, a compound of Old Frisian aester (“eastern”) and the dative plural form of weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The element easter was added to distinguish the settlement from Lutkewierum.


Hidaard

First attested as hedawere in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Hidaard, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Heda (a personal name) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Itens

First attested as ytzinse in 1381. Borrowed from West Frisian Itens, derived in turn from Old Frisian Ite (a personal name) or Itse suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Kubaard

First attested as cubawerth in the second half of the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Kûbaard, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Cuba (a personal name) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Wieuwerd

First attested as wiwerth in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Wiuwert, derived in turn from Old Frisian Wige (a personal name) or (less likely) *Wieu and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Lutkewierum

First attested as liticawerum in 1381. Calque of West Frisian Lytsewierrum, a compound of Old Frisian lītik (“little, small”) (from Proto-West Germanic *lūtil, from Proto-Germanic *lūtilaz) and the dative plural form of weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”) (probably related to *warjan (“to ward off, defend, protect”)). The element lyts was added to distinguish the settlement from Grotewierum.


Wommels

First attested as wimelinghe in the second half of the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Wommels, derived in turn from Old Frisian *Winiwald (a personal name) or *Wimila suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Roodhuis

First attested as Roodhuis in 1861. Calque of West Frisian Reahûs, a compound of read (“red”) and hûs (“house”). Compare Blauwhuis.


Breezanddijk

First attested as Breezanddijk in 1973. Compound of the name of the construction island Breezand (derived from a compound of breed (“broad”) and zand (“sand”)) and dijk (“levee”).


Allingawier

/ˈɑ.lɪŋ.ɣaːˌʋiːr/

First attested as alingwere around 1275. Borrowed from West Frisian Allingawier, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Ale (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Burgwerd

First attested as borchwarth in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Burchwert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian burg (“castle, levee”) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Abbega

First attested as abbahem in 1250-1275. Borrowed from West Frisian Abbegea, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Abbe (a personal name) and gâ (“village, village area”). The second element was initially hēm (“home, settlement”).


Exmorra

Potentially attested as aspanmora in 855, attested with certainty as exmorra in the 13th century. Derived form a compound of Old Frisian ēk (“oak, Quercus sp.”) and mora (“moor, bog, place where salt is extracted”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier variant of the Frisian name.


Ferwoude

First attested as forwalda in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Ferwâlde, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian for (“forward, front”) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).


Gaast

First attested as lutekagast in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Gaast, derived in turn from Old Frisian gāst (“elevated sandy land”).


Folsgare

First attested as ffoldesgare in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Folsgeare, potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Foldo (a personal name) and gâra (“protruding piece of land”).


Hemelum

First attested as hemelem around 1243-1245. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Hemele (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Cornwerd

First attested as quirnifurt in the 9th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Koarnwert, derived in turn from a compound of Proto-Germanic *kwirnu (“quern”) and wrt (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Hartwerd

First attested as hertwarth in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Hartwert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Harte (a personal name) and wert (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Idsegahuizum

First attested as ytzinghahusum in the 13th century. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Idsinga (a surname) and the dative plural form of hūs (“house”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier variant of the Frisian name.


Greonterp

First attested as grewingdorp in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Greonterp, a compound of an uncertain first element and Old Frisian dorp (“farmstead, subsidiary settlement”). The first element may be related to greva (“dig, excavate”). The second element was gradually reinterpreted to terp (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Dedgum

First attested as deddingiuuerbe in 855. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Deddo (a personal name), likely suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-, and werf (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The second element was gradually replaced by hēm (“home, settlement”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older variant of the Frisian name. Compare Deddingabuurt.


IJsbrechtum

First attested as jsbrectum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Ysbrechtum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian IJsbrecht (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Hichtum

First attested as hetlum [read: hectum] in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Hichtum, potentially derived from Old Frisian *Higt (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Kornwerderzand

Attested as Kornwerderzand in 1936. Compound of the toponym Cornwerd and zand (“sand”). Originally the name of a sand bar later used as a construction island.


Goënga

/ˈɣoː.ənˌɣaː/

First attested as goingum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Goaiïngea, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian Goinga (a surname) or, alternatively, a compound of Goinga and hēm (“home, settlement”). The element ga (“village, village area”) is a later addition.


Nijland

First attested as nova terra in 1230. Calque of West Frisian Nijlân, derived from nijlân (“newly cultivated land”).


Kimswerd

First attested as kemmerswerth in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Kimswert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Kemme (a personal name) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Jutrijp

First attested as ryp in 1482. Borrowed from West Frisian Jutryp, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian ripe (“edge, bank”). The first element may be Jort (a personal name) or iet (“hole”).


Laaxum

First attested with certainty as laxnum in 1245. Borrowed from West Frisian Laaksum, of uncertain etymology. Potentially derived from a prehistoric hydronym.


Gauw

First attested as ghawe and ghawee in 1482. Borrowed from West Frisian Gau, derived form Old Frisian gawei (“connecting road”). Compare Delfgauw, Gaag and Gawege.


Idzega

/ˈɪt.zəˌɣaː/

First attested with certainty as edeswald in 1245. Borrowed from West Frisian Idzegea, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Iddo (a personal name) or Ede and gâ (“village, village area”). The second element was initially wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).


Gaastmeer

First attested with certainty as gersmere in 1245. Calque of West Frisian De Gaastmar, derived in turn from Old Frisian gers (“grass”) and mere (“body of water, watercourse”). The first element was gradually reinterpreted to gaast (“elevated sandy land”). Compare Geestdorp.


Koudum

First attested as coluuidum in 855. Borrowed from West Frisian Koudum, potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian col (“charcoal”) and the dative plural form of widu (“forest, brushwood”).


Pingjum

First attested as penningem and pinnengum in the 13th century. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Penne (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Loënga

First attested as loinghum in 1335. Borrowed from West Frisian Loaiïngea, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian Loijnga (a surname). The element ga (“village, village area”) is a later addition.


Hommerts

First attested as humerke in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian De Hommerts, potentially derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Huga (a personal name) or the demonym Hugas and merke (“boundary, borderland, delineated area”).


Offingawier

/ˈɔ.fɪŋ.ɣaːˌʋiːr/

First attested as vffenwere in the 13th century. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Offinga (a surname) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier variant of the Frisian name.


Oppenhuizen

First attested as upmahusum and upmanhusum in the 13th century. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian upman (“inhabitant of an upstream area, inhabitant of an elevated area”) and the plural form of hūs (“house”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier variant of the Frisian name.


Sandfirden

First attested with certainty as sandforde in 1245. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian sant (“sand”) and forde (“ford, crossing”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Longerhouw

/ˈlɔ.ŋərˌɦɑu̯/

First attested as langherahof in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Longerhou, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian long (“long”) and hof (“farmstead, homestead”).


Lollum

First attested as lolinghum in the second half of the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Lollum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Lolle (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Lolworth and Lullington.


Nijhuizum

First attested as nyahusen in 1449. Borrowed from West Frisian Nijhuzum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian nī (“new”) and the dative plural form of hūs (“house”).


Parrega

/ˈpɑ.rəˌɣaː/

First attested as epangne [read: epenregae] in 1275. Borrowed from West Frisian Parregea, of unknown etymology. Proposed derivations from a personal name or a compound of a demonym derived from Old Frisian up (“up, upper”) and ein (“end”) and gâ (“village, village area”)

unk

unknown


Piaam

First attested as pyangum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Piaam, likely derived in turn from Old Frisian *Pya (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Hieslum

First attested as hasalon and hasulun around 825-842. Borrowed from West Frisian Hieslum, probably derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian hasal (“hazel, Corylus avellana”).


Indijk

* (Friesland, village) First attested as indyck in 1449. Borrowed from West Frisian Yndyk, derived in turn from Old Frisian indīk (“inland levee, levee running across a low-lying area”).
* (Utrecht) Derived from Middle Dutch indijc (“inland levee”).
* (Friesland, hamlet) First attested as Yndick in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian Yndyk, derived in turn from Old Frisian indīk (“inland levee, levee running across a low-lying area”).

A hamlet and former municipality of Woerden, Utrecht, Netherlands


Heeg

First attested with certainty as hagakerke in 1245. Borrowed from West Frisian Heech, derived in turn from a compound of Proto-Germanic *hagan (“bush, hedge”) and kerk (“church”).

A village and former municipality of Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Oosthem

* (village) First attested as aesthem in 1453. Calque of West Frisian Easthim, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian āst (“east”) and hēm (“home, settlement”) or hem (“corner of alluvial land, inland polder”). The element east was added to distinguish the settlement from Westhem.
* (hamlet) First attested as Oestheem in 1525. Calque of West Frisian Easthim, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian āst (“east”) and hēm (“home, settlement”) or hem (“corner of alluvial land, inland polder”).


Het Heidenschap

First attested as Heijdenscip and Heijdenscop in 1511. Calque of West Frisian It Heidenskip, derived from heidenskip (“overgrown area”).


Tirns

First attested as terdenghe in the 13th century. Derived from Old Frisian Teerd (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier variant of the Frisian name.


Scharl

First attested as scarle in 1412. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian schar (“share in communal land”), schaar (“land next to water, bank”) or skerne (“manure”) and lo (“light forest”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier variant of the Frisian name.


Schraard

First attested as scadawerth in the 13th century. Potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian skred (“isolated plot of land”) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Smallebrugge

First attested as smalerbrugghen in 1422. Calque of West Frisian Smelbrêge, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian smel (“narrow”) and bregge (“bridge”).


Woudsend

First attested as woldesende in 1337. Calque of West Frisian Wâldsein, a compound of Old Frisian wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”) and ende (“end”).


Wolsum

First attested as wilzen in 1404. Borrowed from West Frisian Wolsum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Willa (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Welsum, Wilsum and Wilsum.


Tjerkwerd

First attested as kercwere in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Tsjerkwert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian tzercka (“church”) and werve (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The second element was gradually reinterpreted to wert (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Westhem

Potentially attested as westhem, alias hemdijck in the 13th century, attested with certainty as westhem in 1452. Calque of West Frisian Westhim, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian west (“west”) and hēm (“home, settlement”) or hem (“corner of alluvial land, inland polder”). The element west was added to distinguish the settlement from Oosthem.


Schettens

First attested as sceddanuurthi in 855. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian *Sceddi (a personal name) or *Scetti suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and wurthi (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The element wurthi disappeared over time. The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name. Compare Schietecoven.


Tjalhuizum

First attested as tyelahusum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Tsjalhuzum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Tjalle (a personal name) or Tzaling and the dative plural form of hūs (“house”).


Abbegaasterrige

First attested as Abbegatster Rijge in 1853. Calque of West Frisian Abbegeaster Rige, derived from the toponym Abbegea and rige (“row of houses, embankment”).


Aaksens

First attested as Aaxens in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian Aaksens, likely derived in turn from Old Frisian Aesga (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Scharnegoutum

Potentially attested as scharnum in 1200, attested with certainty as scharnum in 1347. Potentially derived from a compound of skarne (“manure, dungheap”) and Old Frisian hēm (“home, settlement”) and a compound of Golda (a personal name) or gold (“gold”) and hēm (“home, settlement”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Angterp

First attested as aucterp in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Eangterp, potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Andger (a personal name) and therp (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Andelahuizen

First attested as Andlahuysen in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Andelahuzen, a compound of Andela (a surname) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Abbegaasterketting

First attested as Abbegaster Ketting Huys in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Abbegeaster Ketting, derived from the toponym Abbegea and ketting (“chain”). The toponym refers to a chain drawn across a nearby river as part of a toll post.


Uitwellingerga

/œy̯tˈʋɛ.lɪ.ŋərˌɣaː/

First attested as wolprandeskerke in 1328. Originally derived from a compound of Old Frisian Wolprand (a personal name) and tzercka (“church”). The toponym was later renamed to a compound of ūt (“out-, outer”), an otherwise unknown toponym *Wallinge and gâ (“village, village area”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Arkum

First attested as Arcum in 1664. Borrowed from West Frisian Arkum. Difficult to interpret due to a paucity of old attestations. Potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Arke (a personal name) or Adrik and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Baarderburen

First attested as Bairdt and Baerdt in the 16th century. Calque of West Frisian Baarderbuorren, derived in turn from a toponym Baard and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Atzeburen

First attested as aetzabuyren in 1478. Calque of West Frisian Atsebuorren, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Atze (a personal name) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Baburen

First attested as Baeburen in 1529. Calque of West Frisian Beabuorren, a compound of an unclear first element and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”). The first element may be a personal name or baat (“benefit”).


Barsum

First attested as Berswert in 1528. Borrowed from West Frisian Barsum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Beer (a personal name) and wert (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The second element was gradually replaced by hēm (“home, settlement”).


Molkwerum

First attested as molkenhuzen in 1398. Likely derived from a compound of Old Frisian Molke (a personal name) and weer (“plot of land, landed property”) or werve (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older variant of the Frisian name.


Bittens

Potentially attested as bottinge in the 10th century, attested with certainty as bittens in 1480. Borrowed from West Frisian Bittens, of unknown etymology. Potentially derived from a personal name.

unk

unknown


Engwerd

First attested as aegenwyrd in 1467. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Ane (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and wyrd (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Bernsterburen

First attested as Bernsera gued in 1506. Borrowed from West Frisian Barnsterbuorren, derived from a compound of an otherwise unknown toponym Beerns or Berns and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Hidaarderzijl

First attested as Hidaarder Zyl in the 18th century. Calque of West Frisian Hidaardersyl, derived from a compound of the toponym Hidaard and syl (“lift-lock”).


Kleiterp

First attested as claterp in 1452. Calque of West Frisian Klaeiterp, derived from a compound of Old Frisian klāi (“clay”) and terp (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Hoekens

First attested as huckens in 1451. Borrowed from West Frisian Hoekens.


De Grits

Borrowed from West Frisian De Grits, potentially derived from Old Frisian Gert (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Schrok

First attested as Eeskwert in the 19th century. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from West Frisian schrikken (“jump”), referring here to a strange bend in a nearby river.


Kromwal

First attested as Cromwal and Krum Wal in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Kromwâl, a compound of krom (“bent”) and wâl (“embankment, levee”).


De Bieren

First attested as De Bieren in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian De Bieren, potentially derived from the plural form of Old Frisian buer (“house, cottage”).


Swaanwerd

First attested as Swammert in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Swaenwert, potentially derived from Old Frisian Swaan (a personal name) and wert (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Westerlittens

First attested as letenzera zyl in 1469. Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and Old Frisian Lêta (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. The Frisian name is an independent development of the toponym. The element wester was added to distinguish the settlement from Oosterlittens.


Meilahuizen

First attested as meyla huus in 1491. Calque of West Frisian Meilahuzen, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Meila (a personal name) and the plural form of hūs (“house”).


Montsamaburen

First attested as Monthiema sate in 1536. Calque of West Frisian Monsamabuorren, a compound of Old Frisian Montsema (a surname) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Bloemkamp

First attested as Floridi Campi in 1200. Calque of West Frisian Blomkamp, a compound of blom (“flower”) and kamp (“field”). Originally the name of a Bernardine monastery.


Bootland

First attested as Bootland in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Boatlân, a compound of Bote or Boate and lân (“land”).


De Klieuw

First attested as Klijw and Cliw in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian De Kliuw, derived in turn from klief (“type of lock”).


Bovenburen

First attested as BOVENBUREN in 1840. Calque of West Frisian Boppebuorren, a compound of boppe (“upstream, inland”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Kerkeburen

First attested as kerkeburen in 1583. Calque of West Frisian Tsjerkbuorren, a compound of tsjerk (“church”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Bonjeterp

First attested as Bonterp in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Bonjeterp, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Bonninga (a surname) and terp (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Grotewierum

First attested as Groterwierum in 1529. Calque of West Frisian Greate Wierrum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian grāt (“great, big”) (from Proto-West Germanic *graut, from Proto-Germanic *grautaz) and the dative plural form of wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”) (probably related to *warjan (“to ward off, defend, protect”)). The element great was added to distinguish the settlement from Lutkewierum.


De Kat

Borrowed from West Frisian Kat, derived in turn from kat (“type of sluice”). Named after a nearby sluice.


De Weeren

Potentially attested as werem in 1379, attested with certainty as weerem in 1431. Borrowed from West Frisian De Wearen, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Dijksterburen

Potentially attested as Dixherne in 1543, attested with certainty as Dycksterhuysen in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Dyksterbuorren, a compound of dyk (“levee”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Eemswoude

First attested as imisuualde in 855. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Imi (a personal name) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Doniawier

First attested as Doeygwier and Donya waer in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Doanjewier, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Donia (a surname) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Engwier

First attested as abbingheweer in the 13th century. Derived from a contracted compound of Old Frisian Abe (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name. Compare Angwier.


Exmorrazijl

Calque of West Frisian Eksmoardersyl, a compound of the toponym Eksmoarre and syl (“discharge sluice”).


Ypecolsga

First attested with certainty as ypekaldege in 1245. Borrowed from West Frisian Ypekolsgea, or uncertain etymology. Proposed derivations from a compound of Old Frisian Ipe (a personal name), kol (“elevated place”) and gâ (“village, village area”) or a corruption of *Hippolitusga do not match with the oldest attestations.


Gooium

First attested as Goyum in 1533. Borrowed from West Frisian Goaium, potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Gode (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Goëngamieden

First attested as Goijengen meden in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Goaiïngeamieden, a compound of the toponym Goaiïngea and the plural form of miede (“meadow”).


Harkezijl

First attested as Harckzyl in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Harkesyl, a compound of Harke (a personal name) and syl (“discharge sluice”).


De Hel

First attested in 1700. Borrowed from West Frisian De Hel, of uncertain etymology. Potentially derived from Old Frisian hil (“hill, elevated place”), hel (“low-lying swampland”) or hellen (“place where turf is dried”).


De Rode Schuur

Calque of West Frisian Rea Skuorre, derived from rea (“red”) and skuorre (“barn”). Originally the name of a farmhouse.


Doniaburen

First attested as Doinbuyren in the 17th century. Calque of West Frisian Doanjebuorren, derived from a compound of Donia (a surname) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Flansum

First attested as flansem in 1466. Borrowed from West Frisian Flânsum, potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Flanso (a personal name) or Flandso and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Laad en Zaad

Laad is first attested as lanfurt around 825-842. Zaad is first attested as zidwaerde in 1398. Laad is borrowed from West Frisian Laard, and is likely derived from a compound of Old Frisian *lank (“long”) and uurð (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Zaad is borrowed from West Frisian Saard, and is likely derived from a compound of Old Frisian sâtha (“sod of grass”), sâth (“source, well”) or suth (“south”) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare for Zaad Sauwerd.


Galamadammen

First attested as Gala [sic] in 1579. Borrowed from West Frisian Galamadammen, derived from a compound of Galama (a surname) and the plural form of dam (“dam”).


Houw

First attested as Houwe and Houwen in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Hou, derived in turn from hou (“homestead”).


Knossens

First attested as knoestens in 1431. Borrowed from West Frisian Knossens.


Hiddum

First attested as Hiddum and Hiddema terp in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Hiddum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Hidde (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Hornsterburen

First attested as Hornster Buiren in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Hoarnsterbuorren, a compound of horn (“corner of a levee”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Idserdaburen

First attested as Idserdabuyren in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Idserdabuorren, derived from a compound of Idserda (a surname) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Jonkershuizen

First attested as buwanda in 1478. Calque of West Frisian Jonkershuzen, a compound of jonker (“squire”) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Koudehuizum

First attested as Caldehuysem and Coldahuysum in 1543. Derived from Old Frisian kald (“abandoned, not in use”) and the dative plural form of hūs (“house”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Het Vliet

First attested as to da fliete in 1426. Calque of West Frisian It Fliet, derived in turn from Old Frisian fliāt (“running watercourse”).


Grote Wiske

First attested as Terwisga in 1622. Borrowed from West Frisian Grutte Wiske, derived from grut (“big, great”) and wiske (“wet pasture, pasture which floods in winter”). The element grut was added to distinguish the settlement from Kleine Wiske.


Hayum

First attested as Hayum in 1515. Borrowed from West Frisian Haaium, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Hadinge (a surname) or Haie (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Kleine Wiske

First attested as Kl. Wiske in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Lytse Wiske, derived from lyts (“little, small”) and wiske (“wet pasture, pasture which floods in winter”). The element lyts was added to distinguish the settlement from Grote Wiske.


Kooihuizen

First attested as Kooihuizen in 1851-1855. Calque of West Frisian Koaihuzen, derived in turn from a compound of koai (“cage”) and the plural form of hûs (“house”). Named after a set of birdcages.


Jousterp

First attested as Yoersterp in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Jousterp, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Jorre (a personal name), Jou or Jouwe and terp (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Jouswerd and Jouswier.


Kleine Gaastmeer

First attested as Oostereynde in 1543. Calque of West Frisian De Lytse Gaastmar, derived from lyts (“little, small”) and the toponym Gaastmar.


Nijeklooster

First attested as Aula Dei in 1233. Calque of West Frisian Nij Kleaster, derived from nij (“new”) and kleaster (“monastery”). Named after a former Cistercian monastery.


Feyteburen

Calque of West Frisian Feytebuorren, a compound of Feite (a personal name) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Jouswerd

First attested as Jowswerd and Jouswird in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian Jouswert, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Jou (a personal name) or Jouwe and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Jousterp and Jouswier.


Nijeburen

First attested as Nyeburyen in the 17th century. Calque of West Frisian Nijbuorren, a compound of nij (“new”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Lippenwoude

First attested as Hlottingen wolde and Lwttingen wald in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Lippenwâlde, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Lippinga (a surname) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). Compare Lippenhuizen.


Lytshuizen

First attested as Lijtshuizen in 1861. Borrowed from West Frisian Lytshuzen, derived from a compound of lyts (“little, small”) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Nijezijl

First attested as nyasyl in 1482. Calque of West Frisian Nijesyl, derived from a compound of Old Frisian nī (“new”) and sīl (“discharge sluice”).


Ottenburen

First attested as Attenburen and Ottenburen in the 19th century. Calque of West Frisian Ottebuorren, a compound of Otte (a personal name) or Atte and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Osingahuizen

First attested as Oedsingahuysen in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Osingahuizen, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Osinga (a surname) and the plural form of hūs (“house”).


Rijtseterp

First attested as Rytzeterp in 1547. Borrowed from West Frisian Rytseterp, a compound of Old Frisian Rijtze (a personal name) and terp (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Sieswerd

First attested as syswert in 1403. Borrowed from West Frisian Syswert.


Sandfirderrijp

First attested as Tho Sanfoard in die Cleijne Rijp in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Sânfurder Ryp, a compound of the toponym Sânfurd and ryp (“edge, bank”).


Viersprong

Derived from viersprong (“four-way intersection”).


Sjungadijk

/ˈʃʏn.ɣaːˌdɛi̯k/

First attested as sioungha dyck in 1478. Calque of West Frisian Sjongedyk, a compound of Old Frisian Sjunga (a surname) and dīk (“levee”).


Scharneburen

First attested as Olpherder buyren in 1664. Borrowed from West Frisian Skearnebuorren, a compound of skerne (“manure, dungheap”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Vissersburen

First attested as Westerend around 1700. Calque of West Frisian Fiskersbuorren, a compound of fisker (“fisherman”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Wonneburen

First attested as Wonnebuyren in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Wonnebuorren, a compound of Wonne (a personal name) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Wolsumerketting

First attested as Wolsumer Ketting Huys in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Wolsumer Ketting, derived from the toponym Wolsum and ketting (“chain”). The toponym refers to a chain drawn across a nearby river as part of a toll post.


Welsrijp

Potentially attested as welsib in 944, attested with certainty as willesrijp in the 13th century. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Wille (a personal name) or Wilse and ripe (“edge, bank”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.

A village in Waadhoeke, Friesland, Netherlands


Weakens

First attested as Waekens and Wakens in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian Weakens, of unclear etymology. Potentially derived from a personal name.

unk

unclear

A hamlet in Waadhoeke, Friesland, Netherlands


Piekezijl

First attested as Pieke Zyl in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Pikesyl, derived from a compound of the hydronym Piekemeer and syl (“discharge sluice”).


Tjeppenboer

First attested as Tzeppe in 1500. Calque of West Frisian Tsjeppenbûr, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Tjeppe (a personal name) and buer (“house, barn”).


Sotterum

Potentially attested as sotrenheim in 944, attested with certainty as Sottum in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Sotterum, derived from a compound of Old Frisian *Sôhtra (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Beetgumermolen

First attested as Beetgumer Meulen in 1622. Compound of the toponym Beetgum and molen (“mill”).


Boksum

First attested as boxum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Boksum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Bokke (a personal name) or Bokse and hēm (“home, settlement”).