Remmerden

First attested as rimbrahti in 855. Compound of the hydronym Rijn and Old Dutch brahti (“intensively ploughed land, broken land”). Compare Maasbracht.

A hamlet in Rhenen, Utrecht, Netherlands


Palmstad

First attested as Palmstad in 1919. Derived from Palmstad (“Jericho, a city in Palestine”). The settlement was constructed by a Catholic building association, which picked the name as a reference to the box-trees planted to form hedges between houses.

Utrechtse Heuvelrug
Utrechtse Heuvelrug#English

A hamlet in Utrechtse Heuvelrug, Utrecht, Netherlands


Sterkenburg

First attested as starkenbergh in 1307. Compound of Middle Dutch starc (“strong”) and borch (“fortified settlement, castle”). Named after a former castle. Compare Hardenberg, Montfoort, Montfort and Stoutenburg.

A hamlet and former municipality of Utrechtse Heuvelrug, Utrecht, Netherlands


Valkenheide

First attested as walkeneggghen in 1397. Presumably a compound of Middle Dutch Valke (a personal name) and eng (“farmland”). The second element was gradually replaced by heide (“heath, heathland”).


Driebergen

See Driebergen-Rijsenburg. Formerly an independent village.

A neighbourhood and former municipality of Utrechtse Heuvelrug, Utrecht, Netherlands


Cothen

First attested as coten in 1126. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Dutch cote (“cottage, small farm”).

Wijk bij Duurstede
Wijk bij Duurstede#English

A village and former municipality of Wijk bij Duurstede, Utrecht, Netherlands


Overlangbroek

First attested as langebruke in 1219. Compound of Middle Dutch overe (“upper, upstream”), lanc (“long”) and broec (“marsh, marshland”).

A hamlet in Wijk bij Duurstede, Utrecht, Netherlands


Steenen Brug

Derived from stenen (“stone-, made of stone”) and brug (“bridge”). Named after an inn, named in turn after a nearby bridge.


Langbroek

First attested as nederlanghbroech in 1337. Compound of Middle Dutch lanc (“long”) and broec (“marsh, marshland”). The toponym was initially prefixed with neder (“lower, downstream”). The element gradually disappeared, however, as the village outgrew Overlangbroek.


Dwarsdijk

First attested as thuerdic in 1166. Compound of Old Dutch thuer (“across”) and dīk (“levee”). Named after a nearby levee.


Den Oord

* (Wijk bij Duurstede) Attested as Den Oord in 1838-1857. Derived from oord (“land protruding into or bordering water, place”).
* (Houten) Derived from oord (“land protruding into or bordering water, place”). Named after a former farmhouse.


Rhijnauwen

First attested as rijnouwen in 1378-1379. Compound of the hydronym Rijn and Middle Dutch ouwe (“land next to water, riverine island”). Originally the name of an estate and fiefdom.

inh

A former municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Schonauwen

First attested as sconouwe in 1248. Compound of Middle Dutch schone (“clean, free of weeds”) and ouwe (“land next to water, riverine island”).
Compare Schoonouwen.

A neighbourhood and former municipality of Houten, Utrecht, Netherlands


Oud-Wulven

First attested as ouden wuolven in 1381-1383. Compound of Middle Dutch out (“old”) and the toponym Wulven.

A hamlet and former municipality of Houten, Utrecht, Netherlands


Honswijk

From Middle Dutch honswijc, from Old Dutch hundeswīc (first attested as hundeswiic around 1200), a compound of *Hund (a personal name) and *wīc (“farmstead, village, settlement”).

A hamlet in Houten, Utrecht, Netherlands


Vechten

First attested as Fectione in the first half of the second century. Derived from the dative plural form of a hydronym cognate to Old Dutch vagar (“shining, clean”), Old Norse fagr (“shining, clean”) and Proto-Indo-European *pek- (“clean, cleanse”).

cog

A hamlet in Bunnik, Utrecht, Netherlands


Wayen

First attested as wedene in 1169. Likely derived from Old Dutch wede (“forest, brushwood”).


Woudenberg

First attested as waldenberg in 1327. Compound of Middle Dutch wout (“marsh forest, swamp forest”) and berch (“hill, elevated place”).

inh

Meronym: Voskuilen

A village and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


't Goy

First attested as upgoa in the 10th century. Derived from Old Dutch goi (“inhabited area, royal domain”).

A village in Houten, Utrecht, Netherlands


Houten

First attested as haltna in 918-948. Etymology unknown. Not derived from hout (“rising deciduous forest”) or Latin altus (“high”).

unk

unknown

Meronyms: De Heul, Heemstede, Honswijk, Leebrug, Oud-Wulven, Schalkwijk, 't Goy, Tull en 't Waal, Wayen

A town and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Werkhoven

First attested as uuerken [read: uuerkendia] in 918-948. Compound of an ancient hydronym derived from Proto-Germanic *werk- (“twist, turn”) suffixed with the hydronymic suffix *-nd- and the dative plural form of Old Dutch hof (“farmstead, homestead”).
Compare Borne, Warmond and Werkendam.

A village and former municipality of Bunnik, Utrecht, Netherlands


Utrechtse Heuvelrug

Derived from the toponym Utrecht and heuvelrug (“hill ridge”). The municipality is named after a hill rudge running through it.

Meronyms: Amerongen, Beerschoten, Boswijk, Breedeveen, Darthuizen, De Groep, Doorn, Driebergen-Rijsenburg, Ginkel, Haagje, Haspel, Leersum, Maarn, Maarsbergen, Oud Rijsenburg, Overberg, Palmstad, Sterkenburg, Valkenheide


Odijk

First attested as iodichem [read: i odichem] in 918-948. Etymology uncertain. The toponym appears to be a compound of an unknown first element and the suffix Proto-Germanic *-ikja-. The element Old Dutch hēm (“home, settlement”) in the oldest attestation is a scribal insertion.
Compare Blerick, Bunnik, Cuijk, Geverik, Lopik, Maurik, Mook, Niftrik, Varik, Woezik and Fellerich.


Tull en 't Waal

Tull is first attested as thillo in 1134. 't Waal is first attested as wale in 1307. Tull is likely derived from Old Dutch tilli (“newly reclaimed land, newly cultivated land”). t Waal derives from Middle Dutch wael (“kolk lake”).
Compare' for Tull Thull, Tiel, Tilburg and Tuil.

inh

A village and former municipality of Houten, Utrecht, Netherlands


Vreeswijk

First attested as fresionouuic in 918-948. Compound of the genetive plural form of Old Dutch Frieso (“Frisian”) and wīc (“farmstead, village, settlement”). Formerly an independent village.

A neighbourhood and former municipality of Nieuwegein, Utrecht, Netherlands


Achtersloot

First attested as aftersloten in 1267. Compound of Middle Dutch after (“back, behind”) and sloet (“ditch”). Named after a nearby watercourse running behind a set of plots of land.

A hamlet in IJsselstein, Utrecht, Netherlands


Everdingen

First attested as euerdinge around 1215. Potentially derived from Old Dutch Evert (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing- in the dative plural form. Compare Goilberdingen and Helsdingen.

A village and former municipality of Vijfheerenlanden, Utrecht, Netherlands


Schoonrewoerd

First attested as scoenrewrth in 1166. Compound of Old Dutch skōni (“clean, free of weeds, pretty”) and wrth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Hagestein

First attested as gasperwerde in 1228. Originally a compound of the hydronym Gaasp and Middle Dutch wert (“land next to water, riverine island”). The old name of the settlement was replaced by that of a nearby castle, which derives in turn from the toponym Haag (derived from hage (“hedge, enclosure”)) and stein (“stone building, castle”).
Compare for the older form Gaasperdam, Gesperden and Gaasbeek.


Hoef en Haag

Derived from hoeve (“piece of land of a certain size, farmstead”) and haag (“hedge, enclosure”). Named after a polder.

A village in Vijfheerenlanden, Utrecht, Netherlands


Kedichem

First attested as kedinghen in 1395-1396. Compound of Old Dutch Kedo (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ing- and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Zijderveld

First attested as zijtwendervelt in 1282. Compound of Middle Dutch sidewende (“sideways levee”) and velt (“field”).


Jutphaas

First attested as iudifax in 1165. Etymology unknown.
Possibly a compound of iūdicō (“judicial”) + fax (“hair, head of hair”) or Latinized -fahs, as a prefix or suffix found in toponyms meaning an area or plot of short, rough grass. Compare Halifax.

unk

unknown


Leerbroek

First attested as lederbroec in 1395-1396. Compound of the hydronym Lede (derived from Middle Dutch lede (“excavated or canalised watercourse”)) and broec (“marsh, marshland”).


Tienhoven aan de Lek

First attested as thienhoeuen and thienhouen in 1253. Compound of Middle Dutch tien (“ten”) and the plural form of hoeve (“piece of land of a certain size”). The identifier aan de Lek ("on the Lek") was added in 2019 to avoid confusion with Tienhoven near Vianen.


Kortgerecht

A hamlet in Vijfheerenlanden, Utrecht, Netherlands


Hoogewaard

Attested as Hoogewaard in 1874. Compound of hoog (“high”) and waard (“land next to water, riverine island, polder complex surrounded by water”). Named after a polder.


Kortenhoeven

First attested as cortenhover around 1343. Compound of Middle Dutch cort (“short”) and oever (“bank”). The second element was gradually reinterpreted to the plural form of hoeve (“piece of land of a certain size”).


Lakerveld

First attested as Laeckervelt in the 16th century. Compound of the hydronym Laak (derived from Old Dutch laca (“natural watercourse”)) and veld (“field”).


Ossenwaard

Compound of the plural form of os (“ox”) and waard (“land next to water, riverine island, polder complex surrounded by water”).


Loosdorp

First attested as loesdorp in 1407. Compound of Middle Dutch loos (“drainage channel”) or lose (“empty, abandoned, false”) and dorp (“village, subsidiary settlement”).


Helsdingen

First attested as hulsdinghe in 1250. Compound of an unclear personal name suffixed with the collectivising suffix Old Dutch -ing- in the dative plural form.
Compare Everdingen and Goilberdingen.


Diefdijk

Both sections of the hamlet are attested asdiifwech and diefwech in 1284. Likely a compound of Middle Dutch dief (“thief”) and wech (“way, road”), referring here to a road which cost a lot of money to maintain. Named after a nearby levee.


Recht van ter Leede

Attested as Treffelde in 1840. Derived from recht (“possession”) and Van der Leede (a surname). The toponym references a former castle owned by the Van der Leede family.


Zederik

Both the neighbourhood and the former municipality are named after the river Zederik, a hydronym of unknown etymology. Proposed etymologies include a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *ser (“stream, flow”) or a substantivation of Middle Dutch serich (“inflamed, festering”).

unk

unknown

cog

A former municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


Hei- en Boeicop

Heicop is first attested as heicoep in 1289. Boeicop is first attested as boyencaip in 1413. Heicop derives from a compound of Middle Dutch Heye (a personal name) and cope (“land purchase, concession”). Boeicop derives from a compound of Middle Dutch Boye (a personal name) and cope (“land purchase, concession”).
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Overboeicop

Attested as Over Boeicop in 1839-1859. Compound of over (“upper, upstream”) and the toponym Boeicop, for which see Hei- en Boeicop.
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Middelkoop

First attested as middelcoep in 1333. Compound of Middle Dutch middel (“middle, mid-”) and cope (“land purchase, concession”).
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Overheicop

First attested as over-heycoep in 1418. Compound of over (“upper, upstream”) and the toponym Heicop, for which see Hei- en Boeicop.
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Jaarsveld

First attested as jaarsfelt in 1331. Compound of Middle Dutch Jaar (a personal name) and velt (“field”).

A village and former municipality of Lopik, Utrecht, Netherlands


Lopikerkapel

First attested as loepwiker capelle in 1381-1383. Compound of the toponym Lopik and Middle Dutch capelle (“chapel”).

A village in Lopik, Utrecht, Netherlands


Polsbroekerdam

First attested as polsbroecker damme in 1296. Compound of the toponym Polsbroek and Middle Dutch dam (“dam”).


Noord-Polsbroek

Compound of noord (“north-, northern”) and the toponym Polsbroek.

A former municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Zevender

First attested as zeuendre in 1247. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from a hydronym derived from Proto-Indo-European *sibh (“seep, drip”).

A hamlet and former municipality of Lopik, Utrecht, Netherlands


Polsbroek

First attested as pulsebroch in 1155. Compound of an unclear first element and Middle Dutch broec (“marsh, marshland”). The first element may be Middle Dutch pulse (“layer of intertwined aquatic plants covering a swamp”). Compare Polsdonken.


Cabauw

First attested as cabbau in 1254. Related to Middle Dutch cabeeuwen (“argue, fight”), referring here to a conflict over land.
Compare Hebrecht, Kijfhoek, Kijfwaard, Kibbelgaarn, Kibbelveen, Krakeel, Krakeelpolder, Schellach and Strijkviertel.


Uitweg

First attested as viam que dicitur vtweg around 1165-1169. Derived from Middle Dutch uteweg (“exit road, road which leads to a plot of farmland”). Originally the name of a road.


Vijfheerenlanden

Compound of vijf (“five”), the plural form of heer (“lord”) and the plural form of land (“land”). The area was named after the lords of five fiefdoms (Arkel boven de Zouwe, Ter Leede, Hagestein, Vianen and Everdingen) who decided to collectively manage the water infrastructure of the region covered by the current municipality in 1284.
The neighbourhood is named after the area.

Meronyms: Achterdijk, Achthoven, Ameide, Broek, Diefdijk, Everdingen, Geer, Hagestein, Hei- en Boeicop, Helsdingen, Hoef en Haag, Hoogeind, Hoogewaard, Kedichem, Kortenhoeven, Kortgerecht, Lakerveld, Leerbroek, Leerdam, Lexmond, Loosdorp, Meerkerk, Middelkoop, Nieuwland, Oosterwijk, Ossenwaard, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Recht van ter Leede, Schoonrewoerd, Sluis, Tienhoven, Tienhoven aan de Lek, Vianen, Weverwijk, Zijderveld


Benschop

First attested as benscop in 1280-1287. Compound of Middle Dutch Ben (a personal name) and cope (“land purchase, concession”).
Compare Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Tappersheul

First attested as Tappers heul in 1615. Compound of tapper (“barman, innkeeper”) and heul (“floodgate with a bridge”). Originally the name of an inn.

A hamlet in Oudewater, Utrecht, Netherlands


Snelrewaard

First attested as snoyelrewaert around 1307. Compound of the toponym Snel (for which see Snel en Polanen) and Middle Dutch werde (“polder complex surrounded by water”).

A hamlet and former municipality of Oudewater, Utrecht, Netherlands


Ruigeweide

First attested as in de ruwere weyde in 1371. Compound of Middle Dutch ruuch (“rough, overgrown”) and weide (“pasture”). Named after a polder. The toponym contrasts with Langeweide.


Lange Linschoten

First attested as Lange Lynschoten in 1555. Derived from lang (“long”) and the hydronym Linschoten. The name originally referred to the section of the Linschoten between Oudewater and the settlement known as Linschoten.


Mastwijk

First attested as mastwyck in 1217. Compound of Middle Dutch mast (“beam, pole”) or mast (“pig feed”) and wijc (“farmstead, village, settlement”).

A hamlet in Montfoort, Utrecht, Netherlands


Cattenbroek

First attested as cattenbroeck and katenbruch in 1217. Compound of Middle Dutch catte (“lesser, poor”) and broec (“marsh, marshland”). The first element may refer to a type of infertile clay. Compare Kattenbroek.


Zuid-Polsbroek

Compound of zuid (“south-, southern”) and the toponym Polsbroek.


Diemerbroek

First attested as in der modre broic in 1280-1287. Compound of an unclear first element and Middle Dutch broec (“marsh, marshland”). One reading interprets the first element as a compound of Middle Dutch dier (“animal”) or dier (“dear, precious”) and an otherwise unknown variant of modder (“mud”).


Willige Langerak

First attested as wilgerkerke in 1291. Derived from the toponym Wilgen (derived from the plural form of Middle Dutch wilge (“willow, Salix sp.”)) and the toponym Langerak.


Montfoort

First attested as montfort around 1179. Likely named after a locality in France, possibly French Montfort-l’Aumary. Originally the name of a castle. Compare Hardenberg, Montfort, Sterkenburg and Stoutenburg.

Meronyms: Achthoven, Blokland, Cattenbroek, Heeswijk, Knollemanshoek, Linschoten, Mastwijk, Willeskop

A city and municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Hekendorp

First attested as hedickendorp around 1307. Compound of Middle Dutch Hedeke (a personal name) and dorp (“village, subsidiary settlement”).
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.

A village and former municipality of Oudewater, Utrecht, Netherlands


Oudewater

First attested as ovdewatere in 1239. Compound of Middle Dutch out (“old”) and water (“water”). Originally a hydronym. The hydronym gradually came to be applied to the city; the watercourse it referred to was renamed to Linschoten.

Meronyms: Diemerbroek, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Lange Linschoten, Papekop, Ruigeweide, Snelrewaard, Tappersheul, Vliet


Papekop

First attested as papencoip around 1307. Compound of Middle Dutch Papo (a personal name) or pape (“priest, cleric”) and cope (“land purchase, concession”).
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Knollemanshoek

First attested as snodelhoet [read: snodelhoec] in 1319. Originally a compound of Middle Dutch snodel (“dummy, fool”) and hoec (“isolated place”). The current toponym is a compound of Knolleman (a surname) and hoek. Compare Snel in Snel en Polanen, Snelleveld and Snijdelwijk.


Willeskop

First attested as wilhelmescoop in 1282. Compound of Middle Dutch Wilhelm (a personal name) and cope (“land purchase, concession”).
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.

A hamlet and former municipality of Montfoort, Utrecht, Netherlands


Zegveld

First attested as zecvelt in 1312. Compound of Middle Dutch sek (“sedge, Carex sp.”) and velt (“field”).

A village and former municipality of Woerden, Utrecht, Netherlands


Kanis

Attested as de Verkeerde Kanis herbg in 1839-1859. Derived from dialectal kanis (“covered fish basket”). Originally the name of an inn which used an upturned fish basket on its signage.
Compare Moespot, De Pan and Vuilpan.

A village in Woerden, Utrecht, Netherlands


Breeveld

First attested as breclewelt [read: bredevelt] in 1174. Compound of Middle Dutch breet (“broad, wide”) and velt (“field”).

A hamlet in Woerden, Utrecht, Netherlands


Kromwijk

First attested as crumwijc around 1317. Compound of Middle Dutch crom (“crooked, bent”) and either wijc (“homestead, village, settlement”) or wijc (“inlet, side channel”).


Breudijk

First attested as broedics velt and in den broedijc in 1280-1287. Compound of Middle Dutch bru (“sludge, gunk”) and dijc (“levee”). Compare Brouwhuis and Bruinisse.


Harmelerwaard

First attested as hermaelrewart in 1280-1287. Compound of the toponym Harmelen and Middle Dutch wert (“land next to water, riverine island, polder complex surrounded by water”).


Geestdorp

First attested as ghersdorp in 1272. Compound of Middle Dutch gers (“grass, grassland, pasture”) and dorp (“farmstead, village, subsidiary settlement”).
Compare Gaastmeer.


Mijzijde

First attested as nyezyde [read: myezyde] in 1427. Compound of the hydronym De Meije and Middle Dutch side (“side, riverbank”).


Putkop

First attested as dat goet ter putkupe in dat bisscopdome in 1280-1287. Derived from Middle Dutch putcupe (“tub, vat”). The toponym may have originally referred to a fortification.


Lagebroek

First attested as Den Lagen Broek around 1696. Compound of laag (“low”) and broek (“marsh, marshland”).


Bekenes

First attested as bekenesse in 1363. Compound of an unclear first element and Middle Dutch nesse (“headland, spit”). The first element may be Beke (a personal name) or a hydronym derived from beke (“brook, stream”), which would be a rarity for the polders west of Utrecht.


Houtdijken

First attested as hofdijc and in den hofdijc in 1307. Initially a compound of Middle Dutch hof (“homestead, farmstead”) or hovet (“head”) and dijc (“levee”). The toponym was gradually reinterpreted to a compound of hout (“wood”) and dijk (“levee”), referring here to a levee constructed with wooden stakes, poles or screens. The plural form of the toponym refers to the two sections of the hamlet.


Barwoutswaarder

First attested as berenwerde in 1179. Compound of Middle Dutch Berewout (a personal name) and werde (“land next to water, riverine island, polder complex surrounded by water”). The second element was gradually reinterpreted to werder (“island, riverside land”).
The neighbourhood is named after the hamlet.

A hamlet and former municipality of Woerden, Utrecht, Netherlands


Oud-Kamerik

First attested as oldecamerike in 1296. Compound of Middle Dutch out (“old”) and the toponym Kamerik.


's-Gravensloot

First attested as supra fossam comitis in 1260-1279. Derived from a compound of Middle Dutch grave (“count”) and sloot (“ditch”). Named after a nearby watercourse and polder. The count in question was the Count of Holland.


Kamerik-Houtdijken

Compound of the toponyms Kamerik and Houtdijken. Originally the name of a legal district.


Kamerik-Mijzijde

Compound of the toponyms Kamerik and Mijzijde. Originally the name of a legal district.


Gerverscop

First attested as gherverscoep in 1280-1287. Compound of Middle Dutch Gerver (a personal name) and cope (“land purchase, concession”).
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Teckop

First attested as teykincoep and teykencoep in 1280-1287. Compound of a familiar form of Old Frisian Diede (a personal name) and Middle Dutch cope (“land purchase, concession”).
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Reijerscop

First attested as reynerscoep in 1217. Compound of Middle Dutch Reyner (a personal name) and cope (“land purchase, concession”). The first element was gradually reinterpreted to a dialectal variant of reiger (“heron, Ardea sp.”).
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Amstelhoek

Attested as Amstelhoek in 1936. Compound of the hydronym Amstel and hoek (“bend, corner”). Named after a nearby fortress.

A village in De Ronde Venen, Utrecht, Netherlands


Stokkelaarsbrug

First attested as Stoppelaers brug in 1575. Compound of a first element which may be a nickname or a personal name and brug (“bridge”). Named after a nearby bridge. Compare Hakkelaarsbrug.

A hamlet in De Ronde Venen, Utrecht, Netherlands


Gemaal

Attested as Stoomgemaal "de Voogt" in 1899. Derived from gemaal (“pump house”). Named after a nearby pumping station.


Botshol

First attested as Botsholemeer in 1575. Compound of an unclear first element and hol (“low-lying swampland”). The first element may be comparable to dialectal bodse (“swamp”) or bod (“clump of reeds standing at the edge of a piece of land”). Originally a hydronym.


Baambrugge

First attested as bambrugge in 1394. Compound of Middle Dutch ban (“legal district, legal boundary”) and brugge (“bridge”). Compare Bambrugge.


Donkereind

Attested as het Donkere-Eind in 1843. Compound of donker (“dark”) and eind (“end, edge”). The element donker may refer to the colour of the surrounding marshland.


Nessersluis

Attested as NESSERSLUIS in 1851. Compound of the toponym Nes aan de Amstel and sluis (“lock, sluice”). Named after a nearby sluice.


Abcoude-Proosdij

Derived from the toponym Abcoude and proosdij (“provosty”). The area occupied by the former municipality was originally a legal district belonging to the Provosty of Saint Peter of Utrecht.


Oudhuizen

Compound of oud (“old”) and the plural form of huis (“house”).

A former village and former municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Baambrugse Zuwe

Attested as VINKEVEENSCHE-ZUWE (DE)... wordt in de wandeling veelal de Baambrugsche-Zuwe genoemd in 1851. Derived from the toponym Baambrugge and zuwe (“sideways levee”).


Abcoude-Baambrugge

Derived from the toponyms Abcoude and Baambrugge.


Waverveen

First attested as waverveen in 1339. Compound of the hydronym Waver (cognate with Old English wæfre (“move”), English waver) and Middle Dutch vene (“peat bog, marsh”).

A village and former municipality of De Ronde Venen, Utrecht, Netherlands


Vinkenkade

Attested as De Vinkenkade of Groenland in 1839-1859. Compound of dialectal vinke (“light, poor-quality turf”) and kade (“embankment wall, small, narrow levee”). Compare Vinkeveen.


Aan de Zuwe

Attested as Aan-de-Zuwe in 1936. Derived from aan (“on”) and zuwe (“sideways levee”).


Kromme Mijdrecht

Attested as Kromme-Mijdrecht in 1846. Named after a nearby watercourse, the name of which derives from krom (“crooked, bent”) and a second element for which see Mijdrecht.


Groenlandsekade

Attested as De Vinkenkade of Groenland in 1839-1859. Compound of the toponym Groenland (likely derived from groen (“green”) and land (“land”) as a reference to a former mill) and kade (“embankment wall, small, narrow levee”).


Maarssenbroek

First attested as marsebroeck in 1174. Compound of the toponym Maarssen and Middle Dutch broec (“marsh, marshland”).

A village and former municipality of Stichtse Vecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


Nieuwersluis

First attested as Nieuwer Sluys in 1617. Compound of an inflected form of nieuw (“new”) and sluis (“lock, sluice”).

A village in Stichtse Vecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


Demmerik

First attested as denemarc in 1138. Derived from Middle Dutch Denemarke (“Denmark”). Named after the Scandinavian country.
Compare Hoograven, Laagraven, Kamerik, Kockengen, Kortrijk, Parijsch, Pavijen, Portengen, Snel en Polanen and Spengen.


Maarssen

First attested as marsna in 918-948. Etymology unknown. Potentially derived from a hydronym of unknown etymology.
Compare Meerssen.

unk

unknown

A town and former municipality of Stichtse Vecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


Oud-Zuilen

First attested as sulen around 1169. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from an ancient hydronym. The village was initially called Zuilen before being overshadowed by its younger neighbour, which led to the application of the prefix oud (“old”) to the toponym.


Hoenkoop

First attested as hoencoop in 1299 and 1300. Compound of the otherwise unknown personal name Middle Dutch *Hoe and cope (“land purchase, concession”).
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Kerklaan

Compound of kerk (“church”) and laan (“lane”).

A hamlet in Stichtse Vecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


Molenpolder

Compound of molen (“mill”) and polder (“polder”). The toponym refers to a former windmill. The name was coined by a former mayor of Maarssen.


Maarsseveen

First attested as marsenveen in 1174. Compound of the toponym Maarssen and Middle Dutch vene (“peat bog, marsh”).

A hamlet and former municipality of Stichtse Vecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


Nieuwerhoek

Attested as Nieuwehoek in 1839-1859. Compound of an inflected form of nieuw (“new”) and hoek (“corner”). The settlement was founded by the Van Hoek family of Amsterdam. The element nieuw was added to avoid confusion with two now-disappeared settlements.


Nieuwer Ter Aa

First attested as aade in 1556. Derived from an inflected form of nieuw (“new”), te (“at”) and the hydronym Aa, derived from Middle Dutch aa (“watercourse, river”). The element nieuw was added to distinguish the settlement from Oud-Aa.


Oud-Maarsseveen

Attested sometime after 1641. Compound of oud (“old”) and the toponym Maarsseveen.


Scheendijk

First attested as De Scheyding in 1746. Compound of dialectal scheen (“boundary, border”) and dijk (“levee”).


Mijnden

First attested as minden in 1235. Potentially derived from a hydronym derived from a term cognate to Middle Dutch migen (“drizzle, urinate”) and miegen (“urinate”).
Compare Bergentheim, Borne, De Meije, Mijdrecht, Oostmijzen, Warmond, Misson and Mite.


De Ronde Venen

Derived from rond (“round”) and veen (“peat bog, marsh”). Named after a roughly circular area of empoldered marshland.

Meronyms: Aan de Zuwe, Abcoude, Achterbos, Amstelhoek, Baambrugge, Baambrugse Zuwe, Botshol, De Hoef, Demmerik, Donkereind, Geer, Gein, Gemaal, Groenlandsekade, Kromme Mijdrecht, Mennonietenbuurt, Mijdrecht, Nessersluis, Stokkelaarsbrug, Vinkenkade, Vinkeveen, Waverveen, Wilnis


Ruwiel

First attested as haren ghisebrechs rechthe van ruele in 1280-1287. Compound of Middle Dutch ru (“rough, overgrown”) and lo (“light forest”). Originally the name of a castle and legal district.

A former municipality of Utrecht, Netherlands


Oud-Aa

First attested as lacum qui vocatur a in 1138. Compound of Middle Dutch out (“old”) and the hydronym A, derived from aa (“watercourse, river”). The element oud was added to distinguish the settlement from Nieuwer Ter Aa.


Oud Over

Derived from oud (“old”) and over (“across, over”). The hamlet derives its name from its location on the other side of the Vecht when seen from Loenen.


Loenersloot

First attested as lonora laca in 918-948. Compound of the toponym Loenen aan de Vecht and sloot (“ditch”). The second element was originally Old Dutch laca (“watercourse”).


Portengense Brug

Attested as Portengensche brug in 1874. Derived from the toponym Portengen and brug (“bridge”). Named after a nearby bridge.


Breukelen-Nijenrode

Derived from the toponyms Breukelen and Nijenrode.


Breukelen-Sint Pieters

Derived from the toponym Breukelen and the name of Saint Peter. The area occupied by the municipality had been a legal district under the control of the Provosty of Saint Peter in Utrecht.


Stichts Loenen

Derived from the term Stichts (“pertaining to or of the Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht”) and the toponym Loenen aan de Vecht.


Spengen

First attested as spanien in 1217. Derived from Middle Dutch Spaengen (“Spain”). Named after the country in Europe.
Compare Demmerik, Hoograven, Laagraven, Kamerik, Kockengen, Kortrijk, Parijsch, Pavijen, Portengen and Snel en Polanen.


Portengen

First attested as brittanien and bertanien in 1217. Derived from Middle Dutch Bertangen (“Brittany”). Named after the region in France.
Compare Demmerik, Hoograven, Laagraven, Kamerik, Kockengen, Kortrijk, Parijsch, Pavijen, Snel en Polanen and Spengen.


De Glashut

Calque of German Glashütte (“glassworks”). Named after a glass factory chiefly manned by immigrant workers from Bohemia.


Gieltjesdorp

First attested as ghelekendorp in 1297. Compound of Middle Dutch Geleke (a personal name) and dorp (“farmstead, village, subsidiary settlement”).
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gelkenes, Gerverscop, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Nigtevecht

First attested as nichtevecht in 1280-1287. Compound of Old Dutch niftar (“behind, back”) and the hydronym Vecht.
Compare Niftrik.


Kortrijk

First attested as kurtryke and kortrike in 1217. Derived from Middle Dutch Kortrike (“Courtrai”), from earlier Medieval Latin forms Curtraco, Curtriaco, Corturiacensis, as old as Late Latin Cortoriacenses around 400.
Seemingly ultimately of Celtic origin, from the name *Kortoriako(n) with the common placename suffix -ensis. The Celtic word could be based on a Gallo-Roman name Curtorius, perhaps a Latinized Celtic name of unknown meaning (compare currere (“to run”)) with the common Proto-Celtic suffix *-ākos (“belonging to”). Thus, the final meaning would be something like "related to property or land owned by someone named Curtorius."
The hamlet is named after the city in Belgium. Compare Demmerik, Hoograven, Laagraven, Kamerik, Kockengen, Parijsch, Pavijen, Portengen, Snel en Polanen and Spengen.

Meronyms: Aalbeke, Bellegem, Bissegem, Heule, Kooigem, Marke, Rollegem

A city, municipality, and arrondissement of West Flanders, Belgium


Laag-Nieuwkoop

First attested as nieucoop in the 14th century. Compound of Middle Dutch nieuwe (“new”) and cope (“land purchase, concession”). The element laag (“low”) was added later.
Compare Benschop, Boskoop, Galecop, Gerverscop, Gieltjesdorp, Hei- en Boeicop, Hekendorp, Hoenkoop, Middelkoop, Nieuwkoop, Nijeberkoop, Oldeberkoop, Oukoop, Overboeicop, Overheicop, Papekop, Reijerscop, Teckop, Vriezekoop, Willeskop, Elskop, Francop, Grevenkop, Heringskoop, Ladekop, Lüderskoop, Neuenkoop, Nincop and Roßkopp.


Abstede

First attested as abbenstade around 1180. Compound of Old Dutch Abbe (a personal name) and statho (“bank, landing place”). Compare Abbestede.

A neighbourhood and former municipality of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


Tolsteeg

First attested as tollersteghe in 1260. Compound of Middle Dutch tol (“toll, tollhouse”) and stege (“path, narrow road”).


Zuilen

First attested as Nieuw-Zuilen in 1942. Named after the neighbouring village of Zuilen, currently called Oud-Zuilen.


Oudenrijn

First attested as den ouden ryn in 1498. Named after the Oude Rijn river.

A hamlet and former municipality of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


Blauwkapel

First attested as Den blaucapel in 1575. Compound of blauw (“blue”) and kapel (“chapel”). Named after a chapel with a blue barrel vault.

A hamlet in Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


Themaat

First attested as themaet in 1259. Compound of an unclear first element and Middle Dutch made (“meadow”). The first element may be the preposition te (“at”).


Alendorp

First attested as alendhorp in 1238. Compound of Middle Dutch Ale (a personal name) and dorp (“farmstead, village, subsidiary settlement”).


Nedereindseweg

First attested as in den nederen-eynde van jutfaes in 1381-1383. Compound of the toponym Nedereind (derived from Middle Dutch neder (“low, lower”) and ende (“end”)) and wech (“way, road”). Named after a road running through the Nedereind polder.


Lage Haar

Attested as Lage-Haar in 1846. Derived from laag (“low”) and haar (“sandy ridge”).


Ockhuizen

First attested as toechusen in 1280-1287. Compound of Middle Dutch ooc (“smaller piece of land belonging to but separated from a larger area”) or oke (“place where crops have been planted, accreted land”) and the plural form of huus (“house”).


Vleuten

First attested as floeten and in villa que vocatur flothen in 1130-1161. Derived from Proto-Germanic *flôtina (“stream, watercourse”).

A village and former municipality of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


De Meern

First attested as marne in 1217. Originally a hydronym, derived in turn from Old Dutch mare (“watercourse”).

A village in Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands


Rijnenburg

Attested as Rijnesteijn in 1665. Compound of the hydronym Rijn and Middle Dutch borch (“fortified settlement, castle”). Named after a polder, named in turn after a former knightly manor.


Geistingen

First attested as westingue in 1178.
See also Limburgish Geistinge.


Molenbeersel

First attested as beersele in 1299.
See also Limburgish Bieësel.

A village and former municipality of Kinrooi, Belgium


Kinrooi

First attested as kynre in 1345. Potentially derived from a compound of dialectal keen (“pine tree, Pinus sp.”) and Middle Dutch rode (“land cleared of trees”). Compare Keent and Keinse.
See also Limburgish Kinder.

Meronyms: Geistingen, Kessenich, Molenbeersel, Ophoven


Opoeteren

First attested as votra in 952. Compound of op (“upper, upstream”) and the dative plural form of the hydronym Oeter. The toponym contrasts with Neeroeteren.

A village and former municipality of Maaseik, Belgium


Neeroeteren

First attested as votra in 952. Compound of neer (“lower, downstream”) and the dative plural form of the hydronym Oeter. The toponym contrasts with Opoeteren.


Dilsen

Potentially attested as Feresne around 365, attested with certainty as thilesna in 1062.

A village and former municipality of Dilsen-Stokkem, Belgium


Lanklaar

First attested as langlaer in 1281. Compound of Middle Dutch lang (“long”) and laar (“intensively cultivated forest”).


Dilsen-Stokkem

Meronyms: Dilsen, Elen, Lanklaar, Rotem, Stokkem


Maaseik

First attested as eche in 1139. Compound of the hydronym Maas and Middle Dutch eike (“oak, Quercus robur”). The element Maas was added to distinguish the settlement from Aldeneik and Kessel-Eik.
See also Limburgish Mezeik.

Meronyms: Aldeneik, Berg, De Riet, Dorne, Heppeneert, Gremelslo, Neeroeteren, Opoeteren, Schootsheide, Siemkensheuvel, 't Ven, Voorshoven, Waterloos, Wurfeld


Kessenich

First attested as kesnic in 1102. Derived from Latin Cassinius (a personal name) suffixed with the Gallo-Roman suffix -acum.
See also Limburgish Kèsing, Kaesing.


Stokkem

First attested as stockheim in 1181. Compound of Old Dutch stok (“tree trunk, stick”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).

A city and former municipality of Dilsen-Stokkem, Belgium


Rotem

First attested in 1202. Compound of Old Dutch rode (“land cleared of trees”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Aldeneik

First attested as eike in 830. Compound of Old Dutch alt (“old”) and eike (“oak, Quercus robur”). The element oud was added at a later date to distinguish the settlement from Maaseik.


Gerdingen

A village and former municipality of Bree, Belgium


Opitter

First attested as Iteram in 1143. Compound of op (“upper, upstream”) and the hydronym Itter. The hydronym in turn derives from either Proto-Indo-European *id- (“swell, engorge”) or *ajadh- (“bright, clear”). The prefix op was added at a later date to distinguish the settlement from Neeritter. Compare Itteren and Ittervoort.


Kaulille

First attested as caulill in 1259. Etymology uncertain.

A village and former municipality of Bocholt, Belgium


Bocholt

First attested as bucolt in 1162. Compound of Old Dutch buok (“beech, Fagus sylvatica”) and holt (“rising deciduous forest”).

inh

Meronyms: Kaulille, Reppel


Reppel

First attested as replo in 726. Etymology uncertain. Proposed etymologies include a derivation from Latin ripula (“small riverbank”) or from a compound of Old Dutch reip (“strip of land”) and lo (“light forest”).


Oudsbergen

Named after a hill located at the centre of the municipalities which fused to form the new municipality.

Meronyms: Ellikom, Gruitrode, Neerglabbeek, Opglabbeek, Wijshagen


Hamont

A city and former municipality of Hamont-Achel, Belgium


Achel-Statie

Compound of the toponym Achel and statie (“station”). The settlement formerly was the location of a train station.


Hamont-Achel

Meronyms: Achel, Hamont


Grote Heide

/ˈɣroː.tə ˈɦɛi̯.də/

Derived from groot (“great, big”) and heide (“heath, heathland”).


Holheide

/ˌɦɔlˈɦɛi̯.də/

First attested as Holven in 1552. Derived from a compound of the toponym Holven (derived in turn from hol (“low-lying, swampy”) and ven (“bog, pool in a marsh or forest”)) and the toponym De Heide (derived in turn from heide (“heath, heathland”)). The village developed through the union of the Holven hamlet and new construction on De Heide, which before then had been a barren field.


Sint-Huibrechts-Lille

First attested as leuetlaus [read: lendlaus] in 712. Derived from the name of Saint Hubertus and a compound of Proto-Germanic *lindō (“linden, Tilia sp.”) and *lauhaz (“light forest”). The element Sint-Huibrechts was added to distinguish the settlement from Kaulille by way of a reference to a local cult of the saint.

A village and former municipality of Pelt, Belgium


Gooik

Meronyms: Kester, Leerbeek, Oetingen

A village and municipality of Flemish Brabant, Belgium


Oetingen

A village in Gooik, Flemish Brabant, Belgium


Waasland

A geographic region in northeastern East Flanders, Belgium


Pajottenland

A geographic region in southwestern Flemish Brabant, Belgium


Voeren

Meronyms: Moelingen, Remersdaal, 's-Gravenvoeren, Sint-Martens-Voeren, Sint-Pieters-Voeren, Teuven


Tollembeek

A village in Galmaarden, Flemish Brabant, Belgium


Buitenzorg

From buiten zorg ("beyond [our] concern").
The neighbourhood is named after a former mansion.

Dutch East Indies
Dutch East Indies#English

Buitenzorg (a city in West Java, Dutch East Indies; modern Bogor)


Sinaai

A village in Sint-Niklaas, East Flanders, Belgium


Sint-Niklaas

Meronyms: Belsele, Nieuwkerken-Waas, Sinaai


Denderwindeke

A village in Ninove, East Flanders, Belgium


Denderleeuw

From Dender (“the river Dender”) + leeuw (“burial mound”).

compound

Meronyms: Iddergem, Welle

A municipality of East Flanders, Belgium


Ninove

Meronyms: Appelterre-Eichem, Aspelare, Denderwindeke, Lieferinge, Meerbeke, Nederhasselt, Neigem, Okegem, Outer, Pollare, Voorde


Dworp

From the name of a brook running through the village, first attested as Tornepe.

A village in Beersel, Flemish Brabant, Belgium


Beersel

Meronyms: Alsemberg, Dworp, Huizingen, Lot


Centraal-Azië

Holonym: Azië


Zuidoost-Azië

Holonym: Azië


Oost-Azië

Holonym: Azië


Zuid-Azië

Holonym: Azië


Noer-Soeltan

Transliteration of Kazakh Нұр-Сұлтан (Nūr-Sūltan)

translit

De opstand verliep erg spontaan, escaleerde snel en concentreerde zich vooral in Almaty en niet in ^([sic]) hoofdstad Noer-Soeltan.

2022 January 9, Eva Cukier, “‘De machtswisseling in Kazachstan was nooit echt, dat is precies waarom de bevolking zo boos is’ ['The change of power in Kazakhstan was never real, which is exactly why the population is so angry']”, in NRC Handelsblad, retrieved 2022-09-14:

The uprising proceeded very spontaneously, escalated rapidly and was concentrated mainly in Almaty and not in the capital Nur-Sultan.

Nur-Sultan (former name of Astana, the capital city of Kazakhstan)


Stichtse Vecht

Derived from Sticht (“the Prince-Bishopric of Utrecht”) and the hydronym Vecht. The municipality is named after the section of the Vecht river which belonged to the Prince-Bishopric.

Meronyms: Breukelen, De Glashut, Gieltjesdorp, Kerklaan, Kockengen, Kortrijk, Laag-Nieuwkoop, Loenen aan de Vecht, Loenersloot, Maarssen, Maarssenbroek, Maarsseveen, Mijnden, Molenpolder, Nieuwerhoek, Nieuwersluis, Nieuwer Ter Aa, Nigtevecht, Oud-Aa, Oud-Maarsseveen, Oud Over, Oud-Zuilen, Oukoop, Portengen, Portengense Brug, Scheendijk, Spengen, Tienhoven, Vreeland


Brasschaat

Meronyms: Maria-ter-Heide, Vriesdonk

A village and municipality of the province of Antwerp, Belgium


Eupen

From Middle Dutch Oepen. See German Eupen below for more.

German-speaking Community
w:German-speaking Community

Eupen, A town in German-speaking Community, province of Liège, Belgium


Anslo

Adapted borrowing of Old Norse Ósló, Ásló, from Proto-Germanic *ansuz (“god”) + *lauhaz (“clearing, meadow”).

Oslo (a city and municipality, the capital of Norway; official name: Oslo)


Voorne aan Zee

→ Zealandic: Vore an Zeê (calque)

Derived from the toponym Voorne, aan (“on”) and zee (“sea”).

Meronyms: Brielle, Helhoek, Hellevoetsluis, IJzerenbrug, Kruiningergors, Nieuwenhoorn, Nieuw-Helvoet, Oostvoorne, Oudenhoorn, Rockanje, Strype, Stuifakker, Tinte, Vierpolders, Zwartewaal

A municipality of South Holland, Netherlands


Audierne

Audierne (a town in the Finistère department, Brittany, France)


Noord-Afrika

Compound of noord (“north”) + Afrika (“Africa”).


Willebroek

From Middle Dutch Wildebroec, from Proto-West Germanic *wilþī (“wild”) + *brōk (“marsh”).

inh

A city and municipality in the province of Antwerp, Belgium


Tsjerkasy

Cherkasy, a city, raion and oblast in Ukraine.


Cherson

From Ukrainian Херсо́н (Xersón) / Russian Херсо́н (Xersón).

Kherson, a city, raion and oblast in Ukraine.


Kropyvnytsky

From Ukrainian Кропивницький (Kropyvnycʹkyj).

bor

Кропивницький

Kropyvnytskyi, a city and raion of Ukraine.


Tsjernihiv

Chernihiv, a city, raion and oblast in Ukraine.


Loehansk

Luhansk, a city, raion and oblast in Ukraine.


Zaporizja

Zaporizhia, a city, raion and oblast in Ukraine.


Chmelnytsky

From Ukrainian Хмельни́цький (Xmelʹnýcʹkyj).

Хмельни́цький

Khmelnytskyi, a city, raion and oblast in Ukraine.


Marioepol

From Ukrainian Маріуполь (Mariupolʹ) / Russian Мариуполь (Mariupolʹ).


Soemy

Sumy, a city, raion and oblast in Ukraine.


Vinnytsja

Vinnytsia, a city, raion and oblast in Ukraine.


Transkarpatië

Zakarpattia, Transcarpathia; an oblast in Ukraine.


Karpatië

By surface analysis, Karpaten + -ië, but likely a loan: compare English Carpathia.

Carpathia (The region of the Carpathian Mountains, in Central Europe)


Wolynië

From Polish Wołyń / Ukrainian Воли́нь (Volýnʹ) + -ië, or perhaps adapted from Latin Volhynia.

Volhynia, a historical region in what is now Ukraine


Izjoem

From Ukrainian Ізюм (Izjum) / Russian Изю́м (Izjúm).


Zjytomyr

Zhytomyr, a city, raion and oblast in Ukraine.


Tsjernivtsi

Chernivtsi, a city, raion and oblast in Ukraine.


Presburg

Pressburg (former name of Bratislava, the capital city of Slovakia)


Blaasveld

From Middle Dutch Blaersvelt, probably originated from the Proto-West Germanic name *Bladahari + *felþu (“field”) or a later form of the name with Middle Dutch velt.

A town in the municipality of Willebroek, in the province of Antwerp, Belgium


Tisselt

From Middle Dutch Tieselt, probably from the root of distel + -t, from Proto-Germanic *-iþja- (“collective suffix”).


Hombeek

From Middle Dutch Hoenechbeke, from honech (“honey”) + bēke (“creek, brook”), meaning 'honey-colored creek'.
It could also be derived from the name Huno.

com

A town in the municipality of Mechelen, in the province of Antwerp, Belgium


Heffen

From Middle Dutch Heffena, most likely from Middle Dutch heffe (“sediment”) + â (“stream of water”).
Other possibilities are a relation to the verb heffen or the noun hoeve (“farmstead”).


Battel

Origin unknown. Could be derived from English battle or French batelier (“riverboatman”)


Hemiksem

From Middle Dutch Hemincsem, from Proto-West Germanic *Hamingas (“genitive of the name Haming”) + *haim (“home”), literally 'Haming's home'.

inh

A municipality in the province of Antwerp, Belgium


Ramsdonk

From Middle Dutch Raemsdonc, from Old Dutch Ramesdun, from ravan (“raven”) + *dung (“sandy hill protruding above a silty area”).

af

A town in the m of Kapelle-op-den-Bos, Flemish Brabant, Belgium


Buggenhout

/ˈbʏ.ɡənˌɦɑu̯t/

From Middle Dutch Bucghenhout, from earlier Bu(c)kenholt, equivalent to Proto-West Germanic *bōkīn (“beechen”) + *holt (“forest”).

der

A municipality of the province of East Flanders, Belgium


Moerkerke

From Middle Dutch Moerkerke, from Old Dutch Murkerka, from *mor (“moor”) + *kirica (“church”).


Keizerstad

From keizer (“emperor”) + stad (“city”), referring to the palace Charlemagne is said to have built there.

(always with definite article) Synonym of Nijmegen


Manhattan aan de Maas

Literally, “Manhattan on the Meuse”, a tongue-in-cheek reference to the river Meuse which flows through the city and the fact that Rotterdam has significantly more skyscrapers than other Dutch cities. Compare Havana aan de Waal.


Havana aan de Waal

Literally, “Havana on the Waal [river]”, a tongue-in-cheek reference to the river Waal which flows through the city and the fact that Nijmegen is (not in the least due to the leftist student body of its university) a left-leaning city. Compare the similarly-formed Manhattan aan de Maas.


Castilië

From Spanish Castilla, ultimately from Latin castellum. Doublet of kasteel, chateau, Kessel, castellum, ketella, and telo.


Baarlem

Blend of baren (“to give birth”) + Haarlem.

blend

(Amsterdam, humorous) the city of Haarlem, viewed by Amsterdam yuppies as a place to move to in order to settle down and have children


Saeftinghe

Meronyms: Namen, Sint-Laureins, Casuwele, Auwersluis

(historical) a former heerlijkheid (fiefdom) and eponymous village in the region of Zeeuws-Vlaanderen, The Netherlands, flooded by the sea in the Scheldt estuary since the late sixteenth century


Sweet Lake City

From English sweet + lake + city, based on Salt Lake City, modified with a jocular reference to the name of the city Zoetermeer, which may be interpreted to mean “sweet lake”, zoet meaning “sweet” and meer meaning “lake”.

(humorous) Synonym of Zoetermeer (“a city in the Netherlands”)


Ambacht

(informal) Clipping of Hendrik-Ido-Ambacht.


West-Europa

/ˌʋɛstˈøːˈroːpaː/

Compound of west (“west”) + Europa (“Europe”).