Farmsum

First attested as fretmarashem in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian Fretmar (“a personal name”) and heem (“home, settlement”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Faarmsom.

A village and former municipality of Eemsdelta, Groningen, Netherlands.


Krewerd

First attested as crewerth and crewirth in the 13th century. Compound of Old Frisian krê (“crow, Corvus corone”) and werth (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Arwerd.

A village in Eemsdelta, Groningen, Netherlands.


Godlinze

First attested as godleuingi in the 10th or 11th century. Derived from Old Frisian Godlêf (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Bierum

First attested as berum in the 13th century. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian bêre (“barn, house”). Compare Burum, Hogebieren, Pietersbierum and Sexbierum.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Baaierm.


Meedhuizen

First attested as methuisen in 1306. Compound of Old Frisian mid (“middle, mid-”) and the dative plural form of hûs (“house”). According to an alternative hypothesis, the first element is actually a variant of made (“pasture”).


Termunten

First attested as in menterne in the 13th century. Derived from an inflected form of te (“at”) and the hydronym Munte. See also Muntendam.


Termunterzijl

First attested as Zijl Ter Munte around 1660. Compound of the toponym Termunten and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Woldendorp

First attested as waldmonathorp in 1399. Compound of either a toponym *Wald or Old Frisian wald (“swamp forest, marsh forest”), man (“man, inhabitant”) and dorp (“village, settlement”).


Borgsweer

First attested as borgisweer in 1432. Compound of Old Frisian burch (“fortified settlement, castle, levee”) and werve (“artificial mound used for habitation”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Börgsweer.


Wagenborgen

First attested as wagenbergen in 1446. Compound of Old Frisian Wago (“a personal name”) and the dative singular form of berg (“elevated place”). The toponym was gradually reinterpreted to Middle Dutch wagenborch (“type of fortification”). Compare Wagenberg.


Uitwierde

First attested as to uutwierd in 1439. Compound of uit (“out, outer”) and the dative plural form of Old Frisian uurð (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The element uit was added to distinguish the toponym from Opwierde.


Tjamsweer

First attested as in thiamerswerve in the 13th century. Compound of Old Frisian Thiadmâr (“a personal name”) and werve (“artificial mound for habitation”).


Garsthuizen

First attested as gershusen in the 13th century. Compound of Old Frisian gers (“grass”) and the dative plural form of hûs (“house”). The first element was gradually reinterpreted to Dutch Low Saxon gaarst (“barley”).


Toornwerd

First attested as thornuurð in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian thorn (“thorn, thorn bush”) and uurð (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Huizinge

/ˈɦœy̯.zɪ.ŋə/

First attested as hustinga around 822-856. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian hûs (“house”) and dinge (“newly cultivated lands”). The toponym is possibly related to Heusden and similar toponyms, with the -ingi- suffix being a later addition. Compare Heusden, Huisduinen and Opheusden.


Oosterwijtwerd

First attested as oesterwijdewart in 1399. Compound of ooster (“eastern, east-”) and a compound of Old Frisian uuide (“willow, Salix sp.”) and uurð (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). The element ooster was added to distinguish the settlement from Westerwijtwerd.


Middelstum

First attested as mitilistenheim around 822-856. Compound of the superlative form of Old Frisian middel (“middle, mid-”) and heem (“home, settlement”).


Garrelsweer

First attested as gerleuiswert in 1057. Compound of Old Frisian Gerlef (“a personal name”) and wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). The second element was gradually replaced with weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Zijldijk

First attested as up den zyldyck in 1424. Compound of zijl (“discharge sluice”) and dijk (“levee”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Zieldiek.


Zeerijp

Potentially attested as ripon in the 10th or 11th century, attested with certainty as ripa and rip in the 13th century. Compound of zee (“sea”) and Old Frisian rîp (“edge, shore”). Compare Seeryp.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Zeeriep.


Stedum

First attested as stedion in the 10th or 11th century. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian sted (“place, city”). Compare Stiem.


Westerwijtwerd

First attested as westerwidwerd in 1421. Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and a compound of Old Frisian uuide (“willow, Salix sp.”) and uurð (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). The element wester was added to distinguish the settlement from Oosterwijtwerd.


't Zandt

First attested as sonde in the 13th century. Derived from zand (“sand”).


Wirdum

* (Friesland) First attested as weerdum in 1335. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian werd (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older variant of the Frisian name.
* (Groningen) First attested as uurthun in the 10th or 11th century. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian uurð (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).

A village and former municipality of Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands.


Leermens

First attested as lintherminge in 1040. Derived from an unknown personal name suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Eenum

First attested as enun in the 11th century. Etymology unknown. Potentially derived from a prehistoric hydronym or a personal name. Compare Eine.

unk

unknown


Westeremden

First attested as emedun in 944. Compound of wester (“western, west-”), Old Frisian ee (“river, watercourse”) and muthon (“river mouth”). The element wester was added to distinguish the settlement from Emden.


Marsum

First attested as mersum in 1344. Potentially a compound of Old Frisian *mersk (“swampy low-lying land”) and hêm (“home, settlement”) or a derivation from the dative plural form of *mers. Compare Marssum.


Tweehuizen

First attested as Tweehuizen in 1851-1855. Compound of twee (“two”) and the plural form of huis (“house”). The toponym contrasts with Vierhuizen.

A hamlet in Eemsdelta, Groningen, Netherlands.


Schaapbulten

First attested as SCHAAPBULTEN in 1847. Compound of schaap (“sheep”) and the plural form of bult (“bump, slightly elevated place”).


Zomerdijk

* (Groningen) First attested as ZOMERDIJK in 1851. Derived from zomerdijk (“relatively low levee which only regulates water levels during summer and is often flooded in winter”).
* (Noord-Holland) First attested as ZOMERDIJK in 1851. Derived from zomerdijk (“relatively low levee which only regulates water levels during summer and is often flooded in winter”).

A hamlet in Medemblik, Noord-Holland, Netherlands.


Uiteinde

* (Friesland) FIrst attested as t Uyt Eynde in 1718. Calque of West Frisian It Utein, a compound of út (“outer, out-”) and ein (“end”).
* (Groningen) First attested as jn wtende in 1445. Derived from uit (“outer, out-”) and einde (“end, edge”).

A hamlet in Smallingerland, Friesland, Netherlands.


Langerijp

/ˈlɑ.ŋəˌrɛi̯p/


Vierhuizen

* (Het Hogeland) First attested as vierhuesen and vierhusen in 1479. Compound of vier (“four”) and the plural form of huis (“house”).
* (Achtkarspelen) Calque of West Frisian Fjouwerhúzen, a compound of fjouwer (“four”) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).
* (Súdwest-Fryslân) Calque of West Frisian Fjouwerhuzen, a compound of fjouwer (“four”) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).
* (Eemsdelta) First attested as Vierhuizen in 1851-1855. Compound of vier (“four”) and the plural form of huis (“house”). The toponym contrasts with Tweehuizen.

A village in Het Hogeland, Groningen, Netherlands.

A hamlet in Achtkarspelen, Friesland, Netherlands.

A hamlet in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands.


Nijenklooster

* (Eemsdelta) First attested as ad titulum novi claustri in the 13th century. Compound of an inflected form of nij (“new”) and klooster (“monastery”). Named after a former monastery.
* (Het Hogeland) First attested as Nijeclooster in 1558. Compound of an inflected form of nij (“new”) and klooster (“monastery”). Named after a former Premonstratensian nunnery.

A hamlet in Het Hogeland, Groningen, Netherlands.


Oldenklooster

First attested as den oldencloester toe ffeltwert in 1457. Compound of oud (“old”) and klooster (“monastery”). Named after a former monastery.


Lesterhuis

First attested in 1428. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian lesser (“smaller, lesser”) and hûs (“house”).


Nansum

First attested as nothensum in the 13th century. Compound of Old Frisian Nôtha (“a personal name”) and heem (“home, settlement”).


Fiemel

First attested as fimilon in the 10th century. Derived from the dative plural form of an alternative version of the hydronym Fivel.


Biessum

First attested as bisashem in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian Bisi (“a personal name”) and heem (“home, settlement”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Biezum.


Garreweer

/ˌɣɑ.rəˈʋeːr/

Potentially attested as GEROEIEVVERE in 1068-1090, attested with certainty as garreaweere in 1325. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Krangeweer

/ˌkrɑ.ŋəˈʋeːr/


Baamsum

First attested as bompsum in 1454. Likely a compound of Old Frisian *Bame (“a personal name”) and heem (“home, settlement”).


Opmeeden

First attested as Opmieden in 1781. Compound of Old Frisian up (“up-, upper”) and the dative plural form of mede (“pasture”).


Geefsweer

First attested as gewesweer in 1306. Compound of Old Frisian *Gevi (“a personal name”) and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Lalleweer

First attested as Lalleweer in 1553. Compound of Old Frisian Lalle (“a personal name”) and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Lellens.


Laskwerd

First attested as lasquert in 1422. Compound of Old Frisian *liask (“iris, Iris sp.”) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Dallingeweer

/ˌdɑ.lɪ.ŋəˈʋeːr/

First attested as to dalyngwere in 1454. Compound of Old Frisian Dallinga (“a surname”) and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Amsweer

First attested as damsweer in 1447. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The first element may be Old Frisian Amze (“a personal name”) or Middle Dutch ambt (“legal district”), referring here to the Oldambt.


Fraamklap

First attested as Fraemtil in 1654. Compound of the toponym Fraam (a former castle) and klap (“drawbridge”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Froamklap.


De Har

Derived from either haar (“sandy ridge”) or hard (“hard, tough”) (referring here to the toughness of the soil around the settlement).


Arwerd

* (Eemsdelta) First attested as arnuurd in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of either Old Frisian ern (“eagle”) or Aro (“a personal name”) and uurd (“terp, artificial mound for habitation”). Compare Krewerd.
* (Het Hogeland) See also Dutch Low Saxon Aarwerd.


Lutjerijp

First attested as jn die lutke ripp in 1458. Derived from Old Frisian lutke (“little, small”) and rîp (“edge, shore”).


Eekwerd

First attested as equart in 1460. Compound of Old Frisian eek (“oak, Quercus sp.”) and werd (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Aikwerd.


Andere Wereld

First attested as De Andere Wereld in 1828. Derived from ander (“other”) and wereld (“world”). Originally the name of a house. The toponym may refer to the remoteness of the hamlet.


Honderd

First attested as t hondert in 1781. Derived from honderd (“a type of land measure”).


De Palen

First attested as Palen, of Op-de-Palen in 1877. Derived from the plural form of paal (“pole”). Originally the name of a farmhouse built on stilts.


Eekwerderdraai

First attested as EEKWERDERTIL in 1851. Compound of the toponym Eekwerd and draai (“swing bridge”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Aikwerderdraai.


Lutjewijtwerd

First attested as widewerht in 1384. Compound of Old Frisian lutke (“little, small”) and a compound of uuide (“willow, Salix sp.”) and uurð (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Hoeksmeer

First attested as Hokesmeer in 1504. Compound of Hoek (“a surname”) and meer (“pool, lake”). Named after a former lake.


Kolhol

First attested as coldehol and coldeholl in 1453. Compound of Middle Dutch kolde (“cold”) and hol (“low-lying swampy land”). Compare Koehool and Kolham.


Garsthuizervoorwerk

Compound of the toponym Garsthuizen and voorwerk (“monastic grange”).


Wirdumerdraai

First attested as Wirdumerklap of -draai in 1899. Compound of the toponym Wirdum and draai (“swing bridge”).


't Zandstervoorwerk

First attested as Sandster Voorwerk in 1781. Compound of the toponym 't Zandt and voorwerk (“monastic grange”).


Dekkershuizen

First attested as Dekkershuizen in 1841. Compound of Dekker (“a surname”) and the plural form of huis (“house”).


Enzelens

First attested as angeslengi in 944. Derived from either Old Frisian Angisil (“a personal name”) or Ansgisl (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Binnen Ae

First attested as AE (BINNEN) in 1839. Derived from the hydronym Binnen Aa, in turn derived from binnen (“inner”) and aa (“watercourse, river”).


Westeremder Voorwerk

Derived from the toponym Westeremden and voorwerk (“monastic grange”).


Kopaf

First attested as De Groenweide of Kopaf in 1867. Compound of kop (“head”) and af (“off”). The toponym may refer to a place where somebody was decapitated by accident or to a place where death sentences were executed. Compare Kijkuit, De Omval, Pasop, Rolaf and Valom.


Baflo

First attested as bestlon [read: beftlon] in 944. Compound of Old Frisian befta (“back, behind”) and the dative plural form of lo (“light forest, pool”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Bavvelt.

A village and former municipality of Het Hogeland, Groningen, Netherlands.


Adorp

First attested as artharpe in 1371. Etymology unknown. Compound of an unclear first element and dorp (“village, settlement”). Proposed etymologies for the first element include Old Frisian arth (“farmland”) and arn (“eagle”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Oadörp.

unk

unknown


Eenrum

First attested as arnarion in the 10th or 11th century. Etymology unknown. The toponym is of prehistoric origin.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Ainrom.

unknown


Houwerzijl

/ˌɦɑu̯.ərˈzɛi̯l/

First attested as howersyle in 1347. Compound of the otherwise unknown toponym Houw and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Bedum

First attested as bédorouualda in the 10th or 11th century. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian bed (“elevated terrain”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Beem.


Hornhuizen

First attested as howerahusum in the 13th century. Originally a compound of the toponym De Houw and the plural form of huis (“house”). The first element was gradually replaced with horn (“corner, bend”).


Breede

First attested as breda in 1300. Either a compound of breed (“broad, wide”) and aa (“watercourse, river”) or a derivation from bree (“elongated piece of land”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Brijdte.


Eppenhuizen

First attested as eppinghahusum in 1390. Compound of Old Frisian Eppinga (“a surname”) and the plural form of huis (“house”). Compare Apenhuizen and Apenheim.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Eppenhoezen.


Den Andel

First attested as ondel in 1475. Derived from Middle Low German andel (“salt grass, Puccinellia sp.”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon n Aandel.


Hoogwatum

First attested as Hoog Watum in 1781. Compound of hoog (“high, elevated”) and a second element which may be Old Frisian Watema (“a surname”).


Kloosterburen

First attested as cloosterburen hammerick in 1458. Compound of klooster (“monastery”) and the plural form of buur (“house, cottage”). Named after two former monasteries.


Lauwersoog

Compound of the hydronym Lauwers and oog (“land surrounded by water, island”).


Kantens

First attested as cantenze in 1326. Likely derived from Old Frisian Kanto (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix *-ingi-. According to an alternative hypothesis, the toponym derives from a pre-Germanic (potentially Celtic) source. Compare Hantum and Cantaing-sur-Escaut.


Kleine Huisjes

First attested as Kleine huisjes in 1899. Derived from klein (“small, little”) and the plural diminutive form of huis (“house”).


Kruisweg

* (Groningen) Attested as KRUISWEG (DE) in 1845. Derived from kruisweg (“crossroads”). The settlement was named for its location next to a crossroads. See also Dutch Low Saxon Kroesweeg.
* (Zuid-Holland) Attested as KRUISWEG (AAN-DEN-) in 1845. Derived from kruisweg (“crossroads”).

A hamlet in Lansingerland, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands.


Molenrij

First attested as de molenrijge in 1781. Compound of molen (“mill”) and Dutch Low Saxon riege (“row of houses, embankment”). Compare Bovenrijge and Morige.


Mensingeweer

First attested as mensingheweere and mensinghawere in 1371. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Mense (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Niekerk

* (Het Hogeland) First attested as ter nijerkercke in 1445. Compound of Middle Dutch nie (“new”) and kerk (“church”).
* (Westerkwartier) First attested as to der nyerkerke in 1392. Compound of Middle Dutch nie (“new”) and kerk (“church”). The element nie was added to distinguish the settlement from Oldekerk.

A village in Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands.


't Lage van de Weg

/ət ˈlaː.ɣə vɑn də ˈʋɛx/

First attested as Lage van den weg (Het) in 1899. Derived from lage (“low part, low section”) and weg (“way, road”). The village was named for its low-lying position vis-à-vis the Usquerd-Uithuizen road.


Rasquert

First attested as riazuurð in the 10th or 11th century. Potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian *hriad (“reed”) and uurð (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Pieterburen

First attested as sancti Petri in 1371. Compound of the name of Saint Peter and the plural form of buur (“house, cottage”). The settlement was named after the patron saint of the parish church.


Oudeschip

First attested as het Oude-Schip in 1848. Compound of oud (“old”) and schip (“ship”). According to local history, the settlement sprang up around a beached ship.


Roodeschool

First attested as ROODE SCHOOL (DE) in 1847. Compound of rood (“red”) and school (“school”). The settlement was named after a schoolhouse which was either painted red or had red roof tiles.


Oosternieland

First attested as den nyen lande in 1448. Compound of ooster (“eastern, east-”) and nieuwland (“newly reclaimed land”). The element ooster was added to distinguish the settlement from Westernieland.


Schouwerzijl

First attested as aqueductui in schuwum in 1371. Compound of the toponym Schouwen and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Uithuizen

First attested as uthuson in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian ut (“outer, out-, seaward”) and the dative plural form of hûs (“house”).


Usquert

First attested as uuiscuuyrð in 840-849. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian uurð (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The first element may be wisch (“low-lying pasture which floods in winter”).


Uithuizermeeden

First attested as uthusum... in pratis ejusdem in 1354. Compound of the toponym Uithuizen and the dative plural form of Old Frisian mede (“pasture”).


Sauwerd

First attested as sawert in 1319. Potentially a compound of Old Frisian sâtha (“sod, turf”) or sâth (“source, well”) and werth (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Laad en Zaad.


Saaxumhuizen

First attested as xaxamahusum in 1454. Compound of either the toponym Saexum or Old Frisian Xaxama (“a surname”) and the plural form of huis (“house”). Compare Saaksum, Lutke Saaxum and Sassenheim.


Stitswerd

First attested as stukisweret around the second half of the 9th century. Compound of Old Frisian *Stukki (“a personal name”) and uurð (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Oldenzijl

* (village) First attested as oldazile in 1358. Compound of oud (“old”) and zijl (“discharge sluice”).
* (hamlet) Compound of oud (“old”) and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Noordwolde

* (Friesland) First attested as noortwolde in 1408. Compound of noord (“north-, northern”) and wold (“swamp forest, marsh forest”).
* (Groningen) First attested as nordawalda in 1384. Compound of noord (“north-, northern”) and wold (“swamp forest, marsh forest”). The element noord was added to distinguish the settlement from Zuidwolde.

A village and former municipality of Weststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands.


Ulrum

First attested as uuluiringhem in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian Wulfher (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and heem (“home, settlement”).


Westernieland

First attested as inden nyen lande in 1406. Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and nieuwland (“newly reclaimed land”). The element wester was added to distinguish the settlement from Oosternieland.


Warfhuizen

Potentially attested as vrua in 786-787, attested with certainty as werffhusum in the 13th century. Compound of Old Frisian werve (“artificial hill used for habitation”) and the plural form of huis (“house”).


Warffum

First attested as werfhem in 840-849. Compound of Old Frisian werf (“artificial mound used for habitation”) and heem (“home, settlement”).


Zandeweer

First attested as sondwere in 1358. Compound of Old Frisian sond (“sand”) and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Saandeweer.


Zoutkamp

First attested as soltcampum in 1418. Compound of Old Frisian salt (“salt”) and kamp (“enclosed piece of land”). The toponym may refer to the settlement's close proximity to the sea or to salt-extraction industries.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Zoltkamp.


Wetsinge

/ˈʋɛt.sɪ.ŋə/

First attested as uuirkingi in the 10th or 11th century. Derived from either Old Frisian Werk (“a personal name”) or wirk (“fortress, fortification”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. Compare Wessinghuizen and Wessingtange.


Winsum

* (Groningen) First attested as uinchem and uuinkhem in the 10th or 11th century. Etymology uncertain. The toponym may be a compound of a personal name, Old Frisian *wink (“corner”) or an otherwise unattested toponym *Winiki and heem (“home, settlement”).
* (Friesland) First attested as winshyum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Winsum, potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Wynka (“a personal name”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).

A village in Waadhoeke, Friesland, Netherlands.


Wehe-den Hoorn

Wehe is first attested as uuie in the 10th or 11th century. den Hoorn is first attested as up de horne in 1398. Wehe is derived from Old Frisian wie (“shrine, temple”). den Hoorn is derived from the dative singular form of horn (“bend, corner”). Compare for Wehe Wijhe and Wye.


Rottum

* (Friesland) First attested as ruthne in 1132. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from an ancient hydronym derived from Proto-Indo-European *reu- (“dig”). Compare Roermond.
* (Groningen) First attested as rotton in the 10th or 11th century. Etymology uncertain. Potentially derived from an ancient hydronym, derived in turn from a term cognate to the element raad in dageraad (“dawn”) or from Proto-Indo-European *arat- (“protruding, projecting”).

cog

De Fryske Marren
De Fryske Marren#English

A village in De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands.


Barnegaten

First attested as Barnjegat in 1781. Compound of a dialectal form of branden (“burn”) and the plural form of gat (“kolk lake, hole in a levee”). The toponym refers to two restored levees along the Reitdiep.


Abbeweer

/ˌɑ.bəˈʋeːr/

First attested as opp abba wera medum in 1471. Compound of Old Frisian Abbe (“a personal name”) and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Tinallinge

First attested as ingaddingenheim around the first half of the 10th century. Compound of Old Frisian Ingald (“a personal name”) and heem (“home, settlement”). The initial T- is the result of the preposition te (“at”) being contracted into the toponym. Compare Taarlo, Tolbert and Tubbergen.


Alinghuizen

First attested as aldynghehusen in 1410. Compound of Old Frisian Ale (“a personal name”) suffixed with -ingi- and the plural form of huis (“house”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Allenhoezen.


Onderdendam

First attested as ulderna domme in 1252. Compound of Old Frisian *Ulderna (“a surname”) or *Ullerna (“a surname”) and dam (“dam”). Compare Onderwierum.


Beusum

First attested as Beusma and Beusums in 1525. Derived from West Frisian Beusma (“a surname”). Originally the name of a fortified manor.


Bokum

First attested as Bokum in 1781. Potentially derived from West Frisian Bokema (“a surname”). Originally the name of a farmhouse.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Bökkum.


Zuurdijk

First attested as suterdicke in the 13th century. Compound of a contracted form of zuider (“southern, south-”) and dijk (“levee”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Zoerdiek.


Ernstheem

First attested as ernestahusum and ernstahusun in 1281. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Ernest (“a personal name”) and the dative plural form of hūs (“house”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Eernsum.


Eelswerd

First attested as ellasuurð in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian Elli (“a personal name”) and uurð (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Hiddingezijl

/ˌɦɪ.dɪ.ŋəˈzɛi̯l/


Hekkum

First attested as elle heckema in den upgho in 1400. Probably derived from Old Frisian Heckema (“a surname”).


Doodstil

First attested as doetijl in 1456. Compound of Old Frisian Dode (“a personal name”) and til (“fixed bridge”).


Deikum

First attested as deijkum in 1781. Likely derived from dijk (“levee”). The ending in -um likely developed under the influence of nearby toponyms.


Grijssloot

First attested as Grysloot around 1660. Compound of grijs (“grey”) and sloot (“ditch”). The toponym allegedly derives from the presence of a Cistercian chapel near the future settlement. Compare Schiermonnikoog and Wittewierum.


De Houw

First attested as houa in the 10th or 11th century. Derived from the dative singular form of Old Frisian hof (“farmstead”).


Katershorn

Compound of Katers (“a surname”) and horn (“corner”).


Douwen

First attested as da dowa in 1381. Etymology unknown. Originally the name of a field.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Daauwen.

unk

unknown


De Knijp

First attested as KNIJP (DE) in 1845. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon kniep (“small dam, plank which can be raised to allow water to flow”).


Harssens

First attested as hersingi in the 10th or 11th century. Derived from Old Frisian Hersa (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Hazzens.


Elens

First attested as alingi in the 10th or 11th century. Derived from Old Frisian Alo (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


De Raken

Derived from the plural form of Dutch Low Saxon raak (“straight section of a watercourse between two bends”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon De Roaken.


Maarhuizen

First attested as maiori huson in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian mâra (“bigger, more”) and the dative plural form of hûs (“house”).


Hefswal

First attested as Hevs wal in 1781. Derived from Old Frisian heveswal (“maritime levee”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Hefwaal.


Midhalm

First attested as midhallum in 1781. Compound of mid (“middle, mid-”) and Old Frisian holme (“hill, riverine island”).


Paapstil

First attested as PAAPTIL in 1847. Compound of Paap (“a surname”) and til (“fixed bridge”).


Koningsoord

First attested as Koningsoord (Het) in 1899. Compound of Koning (“a surname”) and oord (“place”).


Menkeweer

First attested as menekingwerve in 1329. Compound of Old Frisian Menneke (“a personal name”) and werve (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Noordpolder

Compound of noord (“north-, northern”) and polder (“polder”). Named after the polder of the same name.


Menneweer

First attested as meniuuerua in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian Menne (“a personal name”) and werve (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Schilligeham

/ˈsxɪ.lɪ.ɣəˌɦɑm/

First attested as apud grangiam in hammis que vulgariter skilgaforwerch appellatur in 1323. Compound of Dutch Low Saxon schillig (“bent”) and ham (“alluvial land in the bend of a river”). The second element was initially voorwerk (“monastic grange”).


Noordpolderzijl

First attested as Noordpolder Zijl en Zijlhuis in 1851-1855. Compound of the toponym Noordpolder and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Wadwerd

First attested as uuatuurð in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian wad (“fordable place”) and uurð (“terp, artificial hill used for habitation”).


Valcum

First attested as falconhem in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian Falco (“a personal name”) and heem (“home, settlement”).


Helwerd

First attested as heleuuyrð in 840-849. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian uurd (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The first element may be Proto-Germanic *halu (“sloping”) or Old Frisian *hailaga (“holy, sacred”). Compare Helhuizen, Hell, Holwerd and Hulhuizen.


Tijum

First attested as tihem in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of either Old Frisian *ti (“place where law is spoken”) or Tia (“a personal name”) and heem (“home, settlement”).


Onderwierum

First attested as uldernawerum in 1378. Likely a compound of a family name and the dative plural form of Old Frisian weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Onderdendam.


Klein Garnwerd

First attested as Kleyn Garwert in 1677-1678. Derived from klein (“small”) and the toponym Garnwerd.


Het Reidland

First attested as t Reijde Land in 1781. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon reidland (“reedland”).


Kaakhorn

First attested as Kaakhorn in 1899. Compound of kaak (“pillory”) and horn (“corner”).


't Stort

First attested as Stort in 1899. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon stört (“earth extracted from a canal which is under construction”).


Vliedorp

First attested as vleghum in 1418. Originally derived from Old Frisian *fliach-hem (“refuge, hiding place”). The second element was gradually replaced with dorp (“village, settlement”).


Wierhuizen

First attested as werahuesum and weerahuesum in 1371. Compound of Old Frisian wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”) and the plural form of huis (“house”).


Westerklooster

First attested as Wester Clooster in 1781. Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and klooster. The settlement is located to the west of Kloosterburen.


De Horn

* (Groningen) Derived from horn (“protruding bend, corner”).
* (Weesp) Attested as Horn in 1874. Derived from horn (“protruding bend, corner”). The settlement is located in a bend of the Vecht.
* (Alkmaar) Derived from horn (“protruding bend, corner”), referring here to a bend made by the levee next to the Vroonermeer.

A hamlet in Weesp, Noord-Holland, Netherlands.


Lutke Saaxum

First attested as sasheim and sahsenheim around 802-817. Derived from Old Frisian lutke (“little, small”) and a compound of Sahso (“a personal name”) and heem (“home, settlement”). Compare Saaksum, Saaxumhuizen and Sassenheim.


Wierumerschouw

First attested as Wierumer Schouw in 1781. Compound of the toponym Wierum and schouw (“ferry”).


Westerdijkshorn

First attested as Dijckshorne in 1558. Compound of wester (“western, west-”), dijk (“levee”) and horn (“corner”).


Ter Laan

First attested as Terlaan in 1522. Derived from an inflected form of te (“at”) and Dutch Low Saxon laan (“lane, path used by a farmer to reach a plot of farmland while riding a horse-drawn carriage”).


Startenhuizen

First attested as stertingahusum in 1391. Potentially derived from Old Frisian stert (“tail”) or dialectal starting (“terrain where goods can temporarily be stored”) and the plural form of huis (“house”). Compare Starting.


Sint Annerhuisjes

First attested as Annerhuisjes (Sint-) in 1936. Compound of the toponym Sint Annen and the plural diminutive form of huis (“house”).


Ellerhuizen

First attested as aylardahusum in 1384. Compound of Old Frisian Aylarda (“a surname”) and the plural form of huis (“house”). Compare Ellersinghuizen.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Ellerhoezen.


Westerhorn

* (Het Hogeland, near Hornhuizen) Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and horn (“corner”).
* (Het Hogeland, near Usquert) First attested as Westerhorn in 1628. Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and horn (“corner”).
* (Westerkwartier) Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and horn (“corner”).

A hamlet in Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands.


Wierum

* (Friesland) First attested as weyrum in 1335. Borrowed from West Frisian Wierum, presumably derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian werve (“artificial mound used for habitation”).
* (Groningen) First attested as uuirem in 855. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian *wîr (“artificial mound”).

A village in Noardeast-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands.


Valom

First attested as Valom in 1899. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon valom (“ruin, building that can collapse at any moment”). The settlement derives its name from an incident in 1877 during which three houses were destroyed by a storm. Compare Kijkuit, Kopaf, De Omval, Pasop and Rolaf.


Holwinde

/ɦɔlˈʋɪn.də/

First attested as holwynde in 1479. Potentially a compound of hol (“low-lying, swampy”) and Middle Dutch winde (“object with a bent shape”).


De Dingen

First attested as dyngum in 1339. Potentially derived from Old Frisian denga (“fertilise”), dung (“manure”), here referring to land freshly brought into cultivation.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Dingum.


Briltil

First attested as den Bril in 1632. Compound of a variant of briel (“soggy overgrown pasture”) and til (“fixed bridge”).


Boerakker

First attested as de Buir Acker in 1781. Compound of boer (“farmer”) and akker (“farmland”). Originally the name of a field.


Doezum

First attested as uteradosum alias dosum in 1475. Difficult to interpret. Potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Doewe (“a personal name”) and heem (“home, settlement”) or from the dative plural form of dialectal Dutch Low Saxon does (“swamp or peat bog covered in moss”).


Heuvelderij

/ˌɦøː.vəl.dəˈrɛi̯/

First attested as Mosselderij in 1867. Derived from Heuvel (“a surname”) suffixed with -erij. Compare Brillerij, Schimmelarij, Schutterij and Stadterij.


Enumatil

First attested as enematil in 1456. Compound of Old Frisian Enuma (“a surname”) and til (“fixed bridge”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Aimentil.


Garnwerd

First attested as granauurð in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian uurð (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The first element may be Old Frisian Grano (“a personal name”).


Aduard

First attested as adawerth in 1252. Compound of Old Frisian Ada (“a personal name”) or Ade (“a personal name”) and werth (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Auwerd.

A village and former municipality of Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands.


Den Horn

First attested as HORN (DEN) in 1844. Derived from horn (“corner”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon n Hörn.


Grootegast

First attested as up de grote gast in 1502. Compound of groot (“big, great”) and Old Frisian gast (“elevated sandy land”). The element groot was added to distinguish the settlement from Lutjegast.


Grijpskerk

First attested as Ruygwerdt alias Grijpskerke in 1500. Compound of Middle Dutch Grijp (“a noble surname”) and kerk (“church”). The Grijp family sponsored the construction of the church which the settlement developed around.


Jonkersvaart

First attested as Jonkersgruppel in 1765. Compound of jonker (“squire”) and vaart (“canal”). Exactly which squire ordered the construction of the canal is uncertain.


Lutjegast

First attested as op de lutkegast in 1459. Compound of lutje (“little, small”) and Old Frisian gast (“elevated sandy land”). The element lutje was added to distinguish the settlement from Grootegast.


Kommerzijl

First attested as Upslachster syl in 1634. Likely a compound of West Frisian Kommer (“a surname”) and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Lauwerzijl

First attested as Lauwerzijl in 1899. Compound of the hydronym Lauwers and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Kornhorn

First attested as vp Corriger sandt in 1596. Compound of Old Frisian Curre (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and horn (“corner”). Compare Cornjum, Korhorn and Korrewegwijk.


Lettelbert

First attested as to lettebeerd in 1444. Compound of Old Frisian lettel (“little, small”) and bert (“settlement”).


De Wilp

First attested as De Wilp in 1828. Derived from wulp (“curlew, Numenius arquata”).


Lucaswolde

First attested as lucaswold and lucaswolde in 1385. Compound of Middle Dutch Lucas (“a personal name”) and wold (“swamp forest, marsh forest”). Compare Luxwoude.


Niezijl

First attested as Niezijl in 1579. Compound of nieuw (“new”) and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Niebert

First attested as nyebert in 1385. Compound of Old Frisian nīe (“new”) and bert (“settlement”). The element nīe was added to distinguish the settlement from Tolbert.


Niehove

First attested as suxwort around 1475. Compound of Middle Dutch nie (“new”) and hof (“farmstead, homestead”).


Oldekerk

First attested as aeldakerka in 1392. Compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”) and kerk (“church”). The element ald was added to distinguish the settlement from Niekerk.


Pieterzijl

First attested as Pieters Zijl in 1781. Compound of Pieter (“a personal name”) and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Nuis

First attested as nuys in 1385. Potentially derived from a contracted compound of Old Frisian nîe (“new”) and hûs (“house”).


Midwolde

First attested as mitwolde in 1486. Compound of Middle Dutch mid (“middle, mid-”) and the dative singular form of wold (“swamp forest, marsh forest”).


Sebaldeburen

First attested as in sibaldebuere hove in the 13th century. Compound of Old Frisian Sibald (“a personal name”) and the plural form of buur (“house, cottage”).


Marum

First attested as marum in 1385. Potentially a compound of Old Frisian mâr (“lake, pool, watercourse”) and heem (“home, settlement”) or a derivation from the dative plural form of mâr. Compare Marrum, Mareham le Fen and Mareham on the Hill.


Oldehove

* (Groningen) First attested as oldenhove in 1392. Compound of Middle Dutch out (“old”) and the dative singular form of hof (“farmstead, homestead”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Ollehoof.
* (Friesland) Compound of oud (“old”) and hof (“farmstead, homestead”). Formerly an independent village.


Saaksum

First attested as toe Zaeckzum up den Hollem and to Saexum in 1564. Derived from Old Frisian Sahso (“a personal name”) and heem (“home, settlement”). Compare Lutke Saaxum, Saaxumhuizen and Sassenheim.


Allersma

First attested as Duert Allersma als een rechter toe Edsinge in 1504. Derived from West Frisian Allersma (“a surname”). Originally the name of a manor, which was named in turn after the family which owned it.


Bakkerom

First attested as Bakkrum in 1913. Etymology unknown. Potentially derived from a compound of a personal name and oom (“uncle”).

unk

unknown


Noordhorn

First attested as northorne in 1375. Compound of noord (“north-, northern”) and horn (“corner”). The element noord was added to distinguish the settlement from Zuidhorn.


Balmahuizen

First attested as nae ballema gelegen in 1571. Compound of West Frisian Ballema (“a surname”) and the plural form of huis (“house”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Baalmhoezen.


Barnwerd

First attested as tho berwert in 1526. Compound of Old Frisian bar (“barren, bald”) and wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Baarnwerd.


Blauw

First attested as Blauw in 1936. Potentially derived from Blauw (“a surname”).


Aduarder Voorwerk

First attested as van den convente of van den vorwarken van adewart in 1389. Derived from the toponym Aduard and voorwerk (“monastic grange”).


Bokkebuurt

Compound of Dutch Low Saxon bok (“goat”) and buurt (“neighbourhood, hamlet”). The toponym derives from the fact that the hamlet's inhabitants kept goats instead of cows due to their limited means.


Bolshuizen

First attested as Bolshuizen in 1851-1855. Compound of Bols (“a surname”) or Bolsema (“a surname”) and the plural form of huis (“house”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Bolshoezen.


Aduarderzijl

First attested as van den zyle, de adewerder ziil gheheten is in 1382. Compound of the toponym Aduard and zijl (“discharge sluice”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Auwerderziel.


Beswerd

First attested as in buxingi in 855. Compound of Old Frisian *Bokse (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Beeswerd.


De Eest

First attested as De Eest in 1678. Likely derived from ees (“farmland around a village”) with epenthetic -t.


Breemen

First attested as Breemhaer in 1508. Derived from brem (“broom, Cytisus scoparius”). Not derived from the toponym Bremen.


De Holm

First attested as in Den Holm in 1559. Derived from dialectal holm (“hill, elevated place”).


De Bombay

First attested as de Uithoorn in 1867. Derived from English Bombay (“Mumbai”). Originally the name of a windmill.


Aalsum

* (Friesland) First attested as atlesheim in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Ealsum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Athal (“a personal name”) and hem (“home, settlement”).
* (Groningen) First attested as aelsum in 1449. Difficult to interpret due to a paucity of old attestations. Potentially a compound of Old Frisian Athal (“a personal name”) and hem (“home, settlement”).


De Haspel

First attested as de Haspelwijk in 1877. Derived from haspel (“yarn winch”). Named after a nearby canal, which is shaped vaguely like a yarn winch.


Opende

First attested as vpeynde in 1457. Derived from Middle Dutch opeinde (“upper end”).


Brillerij

First attested as Brillerij in 1851-1855. Likely derived from Bril (“a surname”) suffixed with -erij. Compare Heuvelderij, Schimmelarij, Schutterij and Stadterij.


De Jammer

Derived from jammer (“wail of anguish, disaster”). Compare Kostverloren and Kostvlies.


Boerenstreek

* (Groningen) First attested as de Boerestreek in 1851. Compound of boer (“farmer”) and streek (“row of houses”).
* (Utrecht) Compound of the plural form of boer (“farmer”) and streek (“line, path”). Originally the name of a footpath.


Visvliet

First attested as visvleeth in 1476. Compound of vis (“fish”) and Middle Dutch vliet (“running watercourse”).


Dwarshaspel

First attested as Dwarshaspelwijk in 1936. Compound of dwars (“across”) and haspel (“yarn winch”). Named after a nearby canal.


De Tenten

Derived from the plural form of tent (“large building”). The toponym refers to a set of former workers' barracks.


Zuidhorn

* (Friesland) First attested as Suydthorn in 1718. Compound of zuid (“south-, southern”) and horn (“corner”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Zuudhorn and West Frisian Súdhoarne.
* (Groningen) First attested as hurum in 1338. Compound of zuid (“south-, southern”) and horn (“corner”). The oldest attestation appears to be the dative plural form of horn, formed by analogy with similar toponyms nearby. The element zuid was added to distinguish the settlement from Noordhorn. See also Dutch Low Saxon Zuudhörn.

A hamlet in Ooststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands.


De Jouwer

First attested as op de Jouwer in 1641. Potentially derived from West Frisian hjouwer (“oat, Avena sativa”). Compare Hiaure, De Joere and Joure.


Diepswal

* (Westerkwartier, near Briltil) First attested as DIEPSWAL in 1841. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon diepswal (“bank stabilisation next to a canal”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Daipswaal.
* (Westerkwartier, near Leek) First attested as DIEPSWAL in 1841. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon diepswal (“bank stabilisation next to a canal”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Daipswaal.


De Snipperij

First attested as (De) Snipperij in 1866. Derived from Snip (“a surname”) or Dutch Low Saxon sniep (“piece of lands that tapers to a sharp point”) suffixed with -erij.


Dorp

* (Groningen) First attested as tho dorpe in 1525. Derived from dorp (“farmstead, village, settlement”).
* (Zuid-Holland) Derived from dorp (“village, settlement”). The neighbourhood encompasses the original village centre of Zoetermeer.


De Wieren

* (Friesland) First attested as Groote Wyer in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian De Wieren, derived from the plural form of wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”).
* (Groningen)


Eekeburen

First attested as Eekebuiren in 1781. Compound of Old Frisian ek (“oak, Quercus sp.”) and the plural form of buur (“house, cottage”).


Eibersburen

First attested as Eijbersburen in 1781. Compound of West Frisian Eibert (“a personal name”) and the plural form of buur (“house, cottage”).


De Ruigewaard

/də ˈrœy̯.ɣəˌʋaːrt/

First attested as van den rughe waert in 1476. Compound of ruig (“rough, overgrown”) and waard (“land next to water, riverine island”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon De Roegwaord.


De Kampen

* (Friesland) First attested as op dae campen in 1433. Borrowed from West Frisian De Kampen, derived from the plural form of Old Frisian kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).
* (Groningen) Derived from the plural form of kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).
* (Noord-Holland) Attested as De Ooster Kampen, De Wester Kampen in 1680. Derived from the plural form of kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).

A hamlet in Waadhoeke, Friesland, Netherlands.

A hamlet in Hollands Kroon, Noord-Holland, Netherlands.


De Poffert

First attested as de Poffert in 1794. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon poffert (“type of cake”). Originally the name of an inn.
See also Dutch Low Saxon De Povvert.


Frytum

First attested as frytemahuis in 1453. Derived from Old Frisian Fritema (“a surname”). Named after a former castle.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Fritum.


Gaaikemadijk

First attested as olim Gaickinga around 1660. Compound of West Frisian Gaikinga (“a surname”) and dijk (“levee”). Named after a nearby levee.


Gaaikemaweer

First attested as Gokkemaweer in 1781. Compound of Gaaikema (“a surname”) and dialectal weer (“parcel, landed property”).


Fransum

First attested as franchim and frenchem in hunesgonia in 1285. Compound of Old Frisian Frank (“a personal name”) and heem (“home, settlement”). Unlikely to be named after the Frankish peoples.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Fraansum.


Gaarkeuken

First attested as Gaarkeuken in 1781. Derived from gaarkeuken (“tavern, diner”). The settlement formerly housed four inns.


Hamrik

First attested as Hamrik (De) in 1899. Derived from hamrik (“polder, village area”).


Fransumer Voorwerk

First attested as Fransumer Voorwerk in 1781. Derived from the toponym Fransum and voorwerk (“monastic grange”).


Hardeweer

/ˌɦɑr.dəˈʋeːr/

First attested as to harderweer in 1466. Compound of Middle Dutch Harde (“a personal name”) or hard (“hard, tough”) and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Haardeweer.


Hilmahuis

/ˈɦɪl.maːˌɦœy̯s/


Hoekje

First attested as Hoekje in 1936. Derived from the diminutive form of hoek (“corner”).


Heereburen

First attested as thoe Herma in 1534. Compound of Old Frisian Herema (“a surname”) or Here (“a personal name”) and the plural form of buer (“home, cottage”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Hereburen.


Ikum

First attested as Ikema in 1874. Derived from Ikema (“a surname”).


Hoogemeeden

Compound of hoog (“high, elevated”) and the plural form of a variant of made (“pasture”). The element hoog was added to distinguish the settlement from Lagemeeden.


Lagemeeden

Compound of laag (“low”) and the plural form of a variant of made (“pasture”). The element laag was added to distinguish the settlement from Hoogemeeden.


Krassum

First attested as creslinge around 820. Etymology unknown. A proposed derivation from Proto-Germanic *Kraftilo (“a personal name”) does not match with the oldest attestations of the toponym.

unk

unknown


Korhorn

First attested as KORHORN (DE) in 1845. Compound of Old Frisian Curre (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and horn (“corner”). Compare Cornjum, Kornhorn and Korrewegwijk.


Nieuwbrug

Compound of nieuw (“new”) and brug (“bridge”).


Kuzemerbalk

First attested as Jouwer of Cuzemerbalk in 1851-1855. Compound of the toponym Kuzemer and balk (“bridge”).


Nieuwklap

First attested as Nieuweklap in 1867. Compound of nieuw (“new”) and klap (“drawbridge”).


't Kret

First attested as Kret in 1867. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon kret (“trees which a horse drawing a cart walks between”).


Heineburen

First attested as Heineburen in 1867. Compound of Heine (“a personal name”) and the plural form of buur (“house, cottage”).


Kuzemer

First attested as cusemaria in 1338. Potentially derived from Middle Dutch Kuse (“a personal name”) and maar (“watercourse”). Unlikely to be derived from a compound of kuis (“chaste”) and the name of Saint Mary.


Lammerburen

First attested as Lammerbuiren in 1781. Potentially a compound of Dutch Low Saxon lammer (“obstacle”) and the plural form of buur (“home, cottage”).


Kenwerd

First attested as chinicwirde in 786-787. Compound of Old Frisian chinic (“king”) and wirde (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Oostindië

First attested as de Oostindiën in 1839. Derived from Oost-Indië (“East Indies”).


Noorderburen

First attested as Noordhoek in 1867. Compound of noorder (“northern, north-”) and either the plural form of boer (“farmer”) or buur (“home, cottage”). The element noorder was added to distinguish the settlement from Zuiderburen.


Noordhornertolhek

First attested as Tolhuis in 1781. Compound of the toponym Noordhorn and tolhek (“toll-gate”).


Noordhornerga

First attested as de Gaa in 1781. Compound of the toponym Noordhorn and ga (“village area”).


Oosterzand

First attested as t Ooster Sand in 1781. Compound of ooster (“eastern, east-”) and zand (“sand”). The toponym contrasts with Westerzand.


Okswerd

First attested as oxwerderzijl in 1422. Compound of Old Frisian Okke (“a personal name”) or oxa (“ox, castrated bull”) and either a term cognate to Old Dutch werd (“land next to water, riverine island”) or were (“plot of land, farmstead”).


Oostum

First attested as astnem [read: asthem] in the 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian āst (“east, eastern-”) and heem (“home, settlement”).


Schifpot

Derived from Dutch Low Saxon schifpot (“kettle in which unusable parts of flax are burned”). The hamlet is named after a kettle used to heat a former inn.


Peebos

First attested as in de Pebebosch in 1828. Compound of Dutch Low Saxon Pebe (“a personal name”) or Piebe (“a personal name”) and bos (“rising forest”).


Steentil

Compound of steen (“stone”) and til (“fixed bridge”).


Keuningswijk

/ˈkøː.nɪŋsˌʋɛi̯k/

First attested as Keuningswijk in 1936. Compound of Keuning (“a surname”) and wijk (“secondary canal in a turf extraction area”).


Ruigezand

First attested as Rousant in 1573. Compound of ruig (“overgrown, wild”) and zand (“sand”).


Trimunt

First attested as trimont in 1473. Derived from a compound of Latin tres (“three”) and mons (“mountain, hill”). Named after a former Benedictine nunnery.


Veldstreek

First attested as de Veldstreek in 1851. Compound of veld (“field”) and streek (“row of houses”).


Pasop

First attested as Pas op in 1851-1855. Derived from the expression pas op (“watch out!”). Compare Kijkuit, Kopaf, De Omval, Rolaf and Valom.


Zuiderburen

* (Friesland, hamlet) Attested as Zuider Buiren in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Suderbuorren, a compound of suder (“southern”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).
* (Groningen) Attested as Zuidhoek in 1867. Compound of zuider (“southern, south-”) and either the plural form of boer (“farmer”) or buur (“house, cottage”). The element zuider was added to distinguish the settlement from Noorderburen.
* (Friesland, neighbourhood) The neighbourhood is named after the hamlet.

A hamlet in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands.


Tolhek

* (Groningen) Derived from tolhek (“toll-gate”).
* (Zuid-Holland) Derived from tolhek (“toll-gate”).


Zethuis

First attested as dat seethues in 1476. Compound of Old Frisian sêd (“seed, seed stock”) and hûs (“house”).


Topweer

First attested as Topweer in 1781. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian were (“parcel, landed property”). The first element may be a familiar form of Old Frisian Theudobald (“a personal name”) or derive from Dutch Low Saxon top (“first cut of mown grass”).


Suttum

First attested as Suttema huys around 1600. Derived either from West Frisian Suttema (“a surname”) or, if the toponym is older than the surname, from a compound of Old Frisian sūth (“south”) and heem (“home, settlement”).


Westerzand

First attested as t Wester Sand in 1781. Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and zand (“sand”). The toponym contrasts with Oosterzand.


Augustinusga

First attested as parrochia beati Augustini around 1240. Calque of West Frisian Stynsgea, a compound of the name of Saint Augustine and ga (“village, village area”).

A village and former municipality of Achtkarspelen, Friesland, Netherlands.


Boelenslaan

First attested as Boelenslaan in 1899. Compound of Boelens (“a surname”) and laan (“lane”). Named after the road which the village sprang up around.

A village in Achtkarspelen, Friesland, Netherlands.


Drogeham

/ˈdroː.ɣəˌɦɑm/

First attested as asterham and drogheham in 1475. Calque of West Frisian Droegeham, a compound of Old Frisian droech (“dry”) and ham (“alluvial land in the bend of a river”).


Harkema

First attested as Opeyndt in 1530. Originally derived from a compound of West Frisian op (“up, upper”) and end (“end, edge”). The village was eventually renamed in 1972 to the surname of its initial owner, the magnate Buwe Harkema.


Gerkesklooster

First attested as wigarathorpe in 1240. Calque of West Frisian Gerkeskleaster, a compound of Gerke (“a personal name”) and kleaster (“monastery”), a reference to a former Cistercian monastery founded by landowner Gerke Harkema. Originally a compound of Old Frisian Wigar (“a personal name”) and thorp (“farmstead, subsidiary settlement”).


Barghiem

A hamlet in Achtkarspelen, Friesland, Netherlands.


Kootstertille

First attested as tille in 1508. Calque of West Frisian Koatstertille, a compound of the toponym De Koaten and tille (“fixed bridge”).


Stroobos

First attested as Strobus around 1660. Derived from strobos (“bale of straw”). Apparently named after a stack of straw used by canal labourers to shelter from rain. Alternatively, the toponym may refer to an old inn. Compare Stroodorp, Stroodorpe, Strooiendorp and Strooienstad.


Buweklooster

First attested as conventus buonis in 1408. Calque of West Frisian Bouwekleaster, a compound of Buwe (“a personal name”) and kleaster (“monastery”). Named after a former monastery founded by landowner Buwe Harkema.


Twijzelerheide

First attested as heyde in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Twizelerheide, a compound of the toponym Twizel and heide (“heath, heathland”).


Surhuisterveen

First attested as Surhustera feen in 1603. Calque of West Frisian Surhústerfean, a compound of the toponym Surhuzum and fean (“peat bog, marsh”).


Buwetille

Calque of West Frisian Bouwetille, a compound of Buwe (“a personal name”) and tille (“fixed bridge”). Named after landowner Buwe Harkema.


Twijzel

First attested as twislum around 1240. Borrowed from West Frisian Twizel, derived in turn from an Old Frisian term meaning "crossroads" (compare Old English twisel (“split”) and Old High German zwisila (“forked branch”)).


Blauwverlaat

First attested as Blaauw Verlaat in 1844. Compound of blauw (“blue”) and verlaat (“culvert”). Named after a nearby culvert.


Surhuizum

First attested as sutherhusum in 1224. Borrowed from West Frisian Surhuzum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian sūthar (“southern, south-”) and the dative plural form of hūs (“house”).


Jachtveld

Calque of West Frisian It Jachtfjild, derived in turn from jachtfjild (“hunting field”).


Hamshorn

First attested as Hams Horn in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian Hamsherne, a compound of the toponym Droegeham and herne (“protruding bend, corner of a levee”).


Blauwhuis

* (Súdwest-Fryslân) First attested as t Blauw Huys in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Blauhûs, a compound of blau (“blue”) and hûs (“house”). Named after a water board tax office with conspicuous blue roof tiles; these were a rare sight due to their high cost. Compare Roodhuis.
* (Achtkarspelen) Calque of West Frisian Blauhûs, a compound of blau (“blue”) and hûs (“house”). Named after a house with blue roof tiles, a rare sight due to their high cost.

A village in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands.


Kortwoude

First attested as Cortwold in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Koartwâlde, a compound of koart (“short”) and wâld (“forest”).


Hamsterpein

Borrowed from West Frisian De Hamsterpein, a contracted compound of the toponym Droegeham, op (“up-, upper”) and ein (“end”).


De Laatste Stuiver

First attested as de Stuiver in 1844. Derived from laatst (“last”) and stuiver (“stiver”). Likely named after a former inn.


De Kooten

Borrowed from West Frisian De Koaten, derived in turn from the plural form of kot (“cottage, shack”).


Lutkepost

Potentially attested as post in 1388, attested with certainty as lutkepost in 1472. Calque of West Frisian Lytsepost, a compound of Old Frisian lītik (“small”) and post (“simple bridge, gangboard across a ditch”). The element luttel was added to distinguish the settlement from Buitenpost.


Monniketille

Calque of West Frisian Mûntsetille, a compound of mûnts (“monk”) and tille (“fixed bridge”). Named after a bridge used by monks from one of the monasteries of Achtkarspelen.


Hiltjemoeiswouden

Calque of West Frisian Hiltsjemuoiswâlden, a compound of Hiltsje (a personal name), moei and the plural form of wâld (“forest”). The hamlet is named after Hiltje Gerrits Plantinga, the wife of a local farmer.


Ophuis

First attested as Ophuijs in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Ophûs, a compound of op (“up-, elevated”) and hûs (“house”).


Opperkooten

Calque of West Frisian Opperkoaten, a compound of opper (“upper, up-”) and the toponym De Koaten.


Roodeschuur

First attested as Rode Schuir in 1664. Compound of rood (“red”) and schuur (“barn”). Presumably named after a building with a red tile roof or built out of red bricks.


Uitland

Calque of West Frisian It Utlân, a compound of út (“out-, outer”) and lân (“land”). Originally the name of a polder.


Wildveld

Calque of West Frisian It Wyldfjild, a compound of wyld (“wild”) and fjild (“field”). The hamlet was named after the overgrown heathland surrounding it.


Rohel

* (De Fryske Marren) First attested as toe delffster nijegae in 1507. Calque of West Frisian Reahel, a compound of read (“red”) and hel (“slope, incline”), here referring to a turf pile.
* (Achtkarspelen) First attested as Rohel in 1632. Calque of West Frisian Reahel, which in turn is potentially derived from a compound of read (“red”) and hel (“slope, incline”) or hol (“low-lying swampland”).


Wildpad

Calque of West Frisian It Wyldpaed, a compound of wyld (“wild”) and paad (“path”). The hamlet was named for the overgrown heathland surrounding it.


Westerend

* (Achtkarspelen) Calque of West Frisian Westerein, a compound of wester- (“western, west-”) and ein (“end”).
* (Waadhoeke) Calque of West Frisian Westerein, a compound of wester- (“western, west-”) and ein (“end”). The toponym contrasts with Oosterend.


Surhuizumer Mieden

Calque of West Frisian Surhuzumer Mieden, derived in turn from the toponym Surhuzum and the plural form of miede (“pasture”).


Gerben Allesverlaat

Compound of Gerben (“a personal name”), Alles (“a surname”) and verlaat (“culvert”). Named after a culvert named after its first operator, Gerben Alles.


Augsbuurt

First attested as aeltsbuur in the 15th century. Potentially a compound of Old Frisian Alder (“a personal name”) and buur (“house, cottage”). The Dutch toponym is derived from an older Frisian name for the settlement: its current (official) Frisian name is Lytsewâld.


Birdaard

Potentially attested as breitenfurt in 944, attested with certainty as berdawird in 1417. Borrowed from West Frisian Burdaard, derived in turn from a compound of either Old Frisian bird (“shore, edge”) or brēd (“broad, wide”) and uurð (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Bornwird

Potentially attested as bonfurt and bonewirt in 825-842, attested with certainty as brunnenuurt in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Boarnwert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian brun (“source, small watercourse”) and uurt (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Engwierum

/ɛŋˈʋiː.rʏm/

First attested as edygwerum in 1447. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Ede (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch version of the toponym is derived from an older form of the Frisian name.


Feerwerd

First attested as federwrt and federfurt around 820. Derived from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian wrt (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). The first element may be Old Frisian Feder (“a personal name”). Compare Ferwerd and Fedderwarden.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Fiwwerd.


Brantgum

First attested as brontegum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Brantgum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Brant (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and hem (“home, settlement”). Compare Mantgum and Tjeintgum.


Foudgum

Potentially attested as fotdenheim [read: foldenheim] in 944, attested with certainty as foldeghum in 1422. Borrowed from West Frisian Foudgum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Foldo (“a personal name”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Ferwerd

First attested as fatruwerde between 819 and 825. Borrowed from West Frisian Ferwert, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian werth (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Feerwerd and Fedderwarden.

A village and former municipality of Noardeast-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands.


Blija

First attested as blitha in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Blije, derived in turn from a hydronym cognate to English blithe or, alternatively, from a compound of Old Frisian blij (“silt”) and hem (“village”). Compare Blijham.


Genum

First attested as ghenim in 1397. Likely derived from a compound of Old Frisian *Gene (“a personal name”) and hēm (“home, settlement”). The Dutch form of the toponym is derived from an earlier form of the Frisian name.


Hantum

First attested as hanaten in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Hantum, a toponym of unknown etymology. Potentially derived from an ancient hydronym or from a term cognate to Transalpine Gaulish cant (“white”). Compare Kantens and Cantaing-sur-Mer.

unk

unknown


Hantumeruitburen

FIrst attested as Berum in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Hantumer Utbuorren, derived from the toponym Hantum and a compound of ut (“out-, outer”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”). Originally derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian bêre (“barn, house”).


Hantumhuizen

First attested as hontumhusum in the 13th century. Calque of West Frisian Hantumhuzen, a compound of the toponym Hantum and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Hiaure

Potentially attested as jeure in 1230, attested with certainty as hiouren in 1459. Etymology unknown. Potentially cognate with West Frisian hjouwer (“oat, Avena sativa”) or, alternatively, derived from a prehistoric hydronym. Compare De Joere, Joure and De Jouwer.

unk

unknown


Hogebeintum

First attested as bintheim in 819-825. Borrowed from West Frisian Hegebeintum, derived in turn from a compound of heech (“high, elevated”), Old Frisian bint (“moor grass, Molinia sp.”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Holwerd

First attested as holeuurt in the first half of the 11th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Holwert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian hole (“pit”) or hol (“low-lying, swampy”) and uurt (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Helhuizen, Hell, Helwerd and Hulhuizen.


Kollumerpomp

First attested as de Pomp in 1786. Compound of the toponym Kollum and pomp (“culvert”).


Munnekezijl

First attested as Monicken nyem szyl in 1510. Compound of monnik (“monk”) and zijl (“discharge sluice”). Named after a sluice constructed by monks from Gerkesklooster.


Jislum

First attested as gisleheim in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Jislum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Gisilo (“a personal name”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Kollumerzwaag

First attested as zwaech in 1444. Calque of West Frisian Kollumersweach, a compound of the toponym Kollum and Old Frisian swâg (“pasture, land where cattle is kept”).


Jouswier

First attested as juusweer in 1495. Borrowed from West Frisian Jouswier, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Jou (“a personal name”) or Jouwe and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Jousterp and Jouswerd.


Kollum

First attested as colleheim around 822-825. Borrowed from West Frisian Kollum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Kolle (“a personal name”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Niawier

First attested as nyaweer in 1467. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian nia (“new”) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym is derived from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Moddergat

First attested as Modde gat in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Moddergat, a compound of modder (“mud”) and gat (“mouth of a creek, pool”).


Lioessens

First attested as luscens in 1401. Borrowed from West Frisian Ljussens, derived in turn form a familiar form of Old Frisian Liutfrid (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Janum

First attested as Jawnum in 1506. Borrowed from West Frisian Jannum, which may derive from a compound of Old Frisian Iwe (“a personal name”) and hēm (“home, settlement”). The first element is unlikely to be Jan, as Christian names were introduced to Frisian in a time when the hēm element was no longer productive in toponyms. Compare Driesum and Hanssum.


Lichtaard

First attested as lihdanfurt in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Lichtaard, derived in turn from a compound of Proto-Germanic *leuhtan- (“light, bright”) (potentially referring to the soil or vegetation near the settlement) and Old Frisian wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Marrum

First attested as mereheim and merheim in 825-842. Borrowed from West Frisian Marrum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian mere (“pool”) and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Marum, Mareham le Fen and Mareham on the Hill.


Oosternijkerk

First attested as nova ecclesia in 1224. Calque of West Frisian Easternijtsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian nija (“new”) and tzercka (“church”). The element easter (“eastern, east-”) was added later to distinguish the settlement from Westernijkerk.


Metslawier

First attested as mitzlawere in 1417. Borrowed from West Frisian Mitselwier, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian *Matsila (“a personal name”) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Westernijkerk

First attested as nova ecclesia in 1224. Calque of West Frisian Westernijtsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian nija (“new”) and tzercka (“church”). The element wester (“western, west-”) was added later to distinguish the settlement from Oosternijkerk.

A hamlet in Noardeast-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands.


Paesens

First attested as pazene wal in 1415. Borrowed from West Frisian Peazens, derived in turn from a hydronym of unknown etymology.

unk

unknown


Oudwoude

/ɑu̯tˈʋɑu̯.də/

First attested as oldewolde in 1444. Calque of West Frisian Aldwâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”) and wâld (“forest”).


Reitsum

First attested as richeim in 822-825. Borrowed from West Frisian Reitsum, in turn derived from a compound of a variant of Old Frisian Reitse (“a personal name”) or Proto-Germanic *rîkja- (“powerful, mighty”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Ternaard

First attested as tunuwerde around 819-825. Borrowed from West Frisian Ternaard. Originally a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian werd (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). The toponym was gradually reinterpreted to a compound of an inflected form of te (“at”) and aard (“farmland”).


Triemen

First attested as trema in 1467. Borrowed from West Frisian De Trieme, derived in turn from Old Frisian *trame (“beam, gangboard across a body of water”).


Veenklooster

First attested as da conuent to faen in 1446. Calque of West Frisian Feankleaster, a compound of Old Frisian fene (“peat bog, marsh”) and klāster (“monastery”). Named after a former monastery.


Raard

Potentially attested as ruonwerde in the second half of the 9th century, attested with certainty as rawerth in 1369. Borrowed from West Frisian Raard. If the oldest attestation does in fact refer to the current settlement, a derivation from a compound of Old Frisian Runo (“a personal name”) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”) is possible. If the oldest attestation does not refer to the current settlement, a derivation from Proto-Germanic *hriad (“reed”) and werd is possible. Compare Rauwerd.


Warfstermolen

First attested as wyntmolen staende op de dyk by de Warff in 1574. Compound of Dutch Low Saxon warf (“artificial mound used for habitation”) and molen (“mill”).


Wetsens

First attested as witzenser therpe in 1417. Borrowed from West Frisian Wetsens, derived in turn from Old Frisian Wirki (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. Compare Wetsinge.


Zwagerbosch

First attested as het Bosch in 1861. Calque of West Frisian Sweagerbosk, a compound of the toponym Kollumersweach and bosk (“forest”).


Waaxens

* (Noardeast-Fryslân) First attested as wacheringe [read: wachesinge] around 825-842. Borrowed from West Frisian Waaksens, derived in turn from Old Frisian Wachsa (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.
* (Súdwest-Fryslân) First attested as waxlinghe in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Waaksens, derived in turn from either the full or familiar form of Old Frisian Wachsa (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Abbewier

/ˈɑ.bəˌʋiːr/

First attested as Tzijaewijer in 1511. Compound of West Frisian Abbe (“a personal name”) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The official Frisian name of the settlement derives from an older name of the hamlet.


Beintemahuis

First attested as Banthiema Huys in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Beintemahûs, a compound of Beintema (“a surname”) and hûs (“house”). Named after a manor.


Betterwird

First attested as betterwird in 1387. Calque of West Frisian Betterwurd, derived in turn from a compound of a personal name or Old Frisian betera (“better”) and wirdt (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Bollingawier

/ˈbɔ.lɪŋ.ɣaːˌʋiːr/

Potentially attested as orlinguerba around 825-842, attested with certainty as bollingaweer in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian Bollingwier, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Bolle (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


't Schoor

First attested as Schoor in 1664. Calque of West Frisian It Skoar, derived from skoar (“shore”).


Westergeest

* (Friesland) First attested as ghaest around 1333. Calque of West Frisian Westergeast, derived in turn from a compound of wester (“western, west-”) and Old Frisian gast (“elevated sandy land”). The element wester was added to distinguish the settlement from Wijgeest.
* (Noord-Holland) First attested as Westegeest in 1562. Compound of wester (“western”) and geest (“elevated sandy land”). Named after a polder.

A hamlet in Texel, Noord-Holland, Netherlands.


Bornwirdhuizen

First attested as Bornwerderhuijsen in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Boarnwerthuzen, a compound of the toponym Boarnwert and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Bonte Hond

Derived from bont (“bruised”) and hond (“dog”), as an allusion to the proverb als de bonte hond bekend staan. Originally the name of an inn.


Boteburen

First attested as Boteburen in 1853. Calque of West Frisian Boatebuorren, a compound of Bote (“a personal name”) or Boate and the plural form of buer (“home, cottage”). Potentially named after a former inhabitant.


De Wirden

First attested as Worden in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian De Wurden, derived in turn from the plural form of Old Frisian wurt (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Oostmahorn

First attested as Oesmehorne and Oestmehorne in 1543. Compound of an otherwise unknown toponym *Oostum (derived in turn from Old Frisian āst (“east-, eastern”) and hēm (“home, settlement”)) and hern (“corner of a levee”). The Dutch version of the toponym derives from a superseded Frisian name; the current Frisian toponym refers to a former sconce.


De Leegte

First attested as De Leegte in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian De Leechte, derived from leech (“low-lying land which floods in winter”) or leegte (“lowland”).


De Keegen

First attested as De Keegen in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian De Kegen, derived from the plural form of keeg (“land next to water, land located outside a levee”).


Ezumazijl

First attested as esmerzijl in 1422. Calque of West Frisian Iesumasyl, derived in turn from a compound of the toponym Eesum and Old Frisian sîl (“discharge sluice”).


Dijkshorne

First attested as in da dijcks herna in 1452. Calque of West Frisian Dykshoarne, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian dīk (“levee”) and hern (“corner, bend”).


Dokkumer Nieuwe Zijlen

First attested in the 18th century. Derived from the toponym Dokkum, nieuw (“new”) and the plural form of zijl (“discharge sluice”). Named after a nearby set of sluices.


De Rijp

* (Noord-Holland) First attested as ripe in 1346. Derived from Middle Dutch ripe (“edge, bank”).
* (Friesland) First attested as op da rijpp in 1472. Calque of West Frisian De Ryp, derived from ryp (“edge, bank”).

A village and former municipality of Alkmaar, Noord-Holland, Netherlands.


Wanswerd

First attested as wandelswert in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Wânswert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Wandilo (“a personal name”) and wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Kettingwier

/ˈkɛ.tɪŋˌʋiːr/

First attested as Katnye wierd in 1503. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian *Kattinga (“a surname”) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The current Frisian form of the toponym derives from a reinterpretation of the first element.


Groot Medhuizen

First attested as mydhusum in 1491. Calque of West Frisian Grut Midhuzen, derived from grut (“great, big”) and a compound of Old Frisian mid (“mid-, middle”) and the plural form of hūs (“house”). The element groot was added to distinguish the settlement from Klein Medhuizen.


Hallumerhoek

First attested in the 18th century. Calque of West Frisian Hallumerhoeke, a compound of the toponym Hallum and hoeke (“corner”). The settlement was named for its location near a corner of two roads.


Hantumerhoek

Calque of West Frisian Hantumerhoeke, a compound of the toponym Hantum and hoeke (“corner”). The settlement was named for its location next to a crossroads.


Krabburen

First attested as Krabburen in 1899. Calque of West Frisian Krabbuorren, a compound of krab (“crab”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Lutkewier

First attested as lithiaweer in 1481. Borrowed from West Frisian Lytse Weer, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian lithia (“little, small”) and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


It Paradyske

Borrowed from West Frisian It Paradyske, derived from a diminutive form of paradys (“paradise”).


Klein Medhuizen

First attested as Cl. Medhuysen in 1491. Calque of West Frisian Lyts Midhuzen, derived from lyts (“small, little”) and a compound of Old Frisian mid (“mid-, middle”) and the plural form of hūs (“house”). The element klein was added to distinguish the settlement from Groot Medhuizen.


Drieboerehuizen

First attested as Drieboerehuizen in 1986. Calque of West Frisian Trijeboerehuzen, a compound of trije (“three”) and the plural form of boerehûs (“farmhouse”). Named after three farmhouses.


Oudterp

First attested as older torp and alderterp in the 16th century. Calque of West Frisian Ald Terp, derived from âld (“old”) and terp (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Reidswal

First attested as De Reijdswal in 1680. Calque of West Frisian De Reidswâl, derived in turn from a compound of the hydronym Reid and wâl (“embankment wall”).


Laagland

Calque of West Frisian Leechlân, derived from leechlân (“lowland”).


Steenvak

First attested as int Steenback in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Stienfek, derived in turn from stienfek (“area of a levee filled up with stones around which ground has been excavated”).


Scharnehuizen

First attested in 1479. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Scher (“a personal name”) or Schern and the plural form of hūs (“house”).


Oosterbeintum

First attested as osterbinehheim in 944. Calque of West Frisian Easterbeintum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian aster (“eastern, east-”), bint (“moor grass, Molinia sp.”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Steenharst

First attested in 1479. Calque of West Frisian Stienharst, a compound of Old Frisian stēn (“stone”) and harst (“overgrown elevated place”). Originally the name of a fortified house.


Oudwouderzijlen

Calque of West Frisian Aldwâldmersyl, derived from a compound of the toponym Aldwâld and syl (“discharge sluice”).


Sibrandahuis

First attested as Sijbranda Huyijs in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Sibrandahûs, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Sibrand (“a personal name”) and hūs (“house”).


Huis ter Noord

Calque of West Frisian Hústernoard, a compound of hûs (“house”), te (“at”) and noard (“north”). The toponym might have originally referred to a house located north of the Fogelsanghstate estate.


Teijeburen

First attested as Teijebuurt in 1899. Calque of West Frisian Teiebuorren, derived from a compound of Teije (“a personal name”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Tergracht

First attested as Greft in 1508. Calque of West Frisian Tergrêft, derived from a compound of an inflected form of te (“at”) and Old Frisian greft (“excavated canal”).


Kletterbuurt

Calque of West Frisian Kletterbuorren, a compound of either kletter (“aspen, Populus tremula”) or klater (“soggy mud”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”). Compare Kladde, Klaterbuurt, Klatering, Kleuter and Klundert.


Stiem

First attested as Steem in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian Stiem, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian sted (“place, city”). Compare Stedum.


Teerd

First attested as Taert in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian Teard, potentially derived in turn from a personal name and Old Frisian werd (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Kaard and Tjaard.


Kollumeroudzijl

Calque of West Frisian Kollumer Aldsyl, derived from the toponym Kollum and a compound of âld (“old”) and syl (“discharge sluice”).


Ter Lune

First attested as Ter Luyne in 1664. Borrowed from West Frisian Ter Lune.


Tilburen

First attested as Tilbuyren in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Tilbuorren, a compound of tille (“fixed bridge”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Vaardeburen

First attested as oeffaerdra buren in the 15th century. Calque of West Frisian Farebuorren, a compound of the otherwise unknown toponym *Oeffaerd and the plural form of Old Frisian buer (“house, barn”).


Tibma

First attested as tippencheim around 822-856. Derived from West Frisian Tibbema (“a surname”). The current Frisian form of the toponym is derived from a significantly older variant.


Veldburen

Calque of West Frisian Fjildbuorren, a compound of fjild (“field, area not in cultivation”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Visbuurt

* (Friesland) First attested as Fesckbueren and Vischburen in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Fiskbuorren, a compound of fisker (“fisherman”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).
* (Noord-Holland) Compound of vis (“fish”) and buurt (“neighbourhood, quarter”). The majority of the neighbourhood's early inhabitants were fishermen.


Weerdeburen

First attested as Werderbuiren in 1572. Calque of West Frisian Weardebuorren, a compound of Old Frisian weerd (“artificial mound used for habitation”) and the plural form of buer (“house, barn”).


Tiltjeburen

Calque of West Frisian Tiltsjebuorren, a compound of a diminutive form of tille (“fixed bridge”) and the plural form of buer (“home, cottage”).


Lutkelaard

Potentially attested in the 9th century as lanfurt, attested with certainty as Littzie laert in 1511. West Frisian Lytse Leard, derived in turn from lyts (“small, little”) and an unclear second element.


Westerburen

Calque of West Frisian Westerbuorren, a compound of wester (“western, west-”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Wijgeest

First attested as wygast in 1470. Calque of West Frisian De Wigeast, a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian gast (“elevated sandy land”). The element wij was added to distinguish the settlement from Westergeest.


Zandbulten

First attested as ZANDBULTEN in 1851. Calque of West Frisian Sânbulten, a compound of sân (“sand”) and the plural form of bult (“slightly elevated place”).


Rinsumageest

First attested as ringesheim around 825-842. Calque of West Frisian Rinsumageast, a compound of the toponym Old Frisian Ringesheim and gast (“elevated sandy land”).

A village and former municipality of Dantumadiel, Friesland, Netherlands.


Sijbrandahuis

First attested as Sybrandahuys in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Sibrandahûs, a compound of Sibrand (“a personal name”) and hûs (“house”).

A village in Dantumadiel, Friesland, Netherlands.


Zwaagwesteinde

First attested as Westereynde in 1503. Compound of the toponym Kollumerzwaag, west (“west-, western”) and einde (“end”).


Veenwouden

First attested as mynen faen vp da walda in 1439. Calque of West Frisian Feanwâlden, a compound of Old Frisian fene (“peat bog, marsh”) and the plural form of wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). The settlement was formed through the fusion of the villages of Sint Johanniswoud and Eslawoud.


Kuikhorne

First attested as Kuykhorne and Kuckhorne in 1503. Borrowed from West Frisian Kûkherne, a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian horne (“corner of a levee”).

A hamlet in Dantumadiel, Friesland, Netherlands.


Wouterswoude

/ˌʋɑu̯.tərsˈʋɑu̯.də/

First attested as Walters wald in 1482. Calque of West Frisian Wâlterswâld, a compound of Old Frisian Walter (“a personal name”) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).


Roodkerk

First attested as rada tzerka in 1421. Calque of West Frisian Readtsjerk, a compound of Old Frisian rada (“red”) and tzercka (“church”). Named after a redbrick church dedicated to Saint Martin.


Broeksterwoude

First attested as De Broek in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Broeksterwâld, a compound of the toponym Broek and wâld (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).


Driesum

First attested as dresem in 1486-1487. Borrowed from West Frisian Driezum, potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Dries (“a personal name”) and hēm (“home, settlement”). This etymology, however, would make the toponym highly anomalous: Christian names were introduced to Frisia in a time when the hēm element was no longer productive in toponyms. Compare Hanssum and Janum.


Oostwoud

* (Noord-Holland) First attested as oestenwoude in 1312. Compound of Middle Dutch oost (“east-, eastern”) and wout (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). The settlement is located to the east of Midwoud and Nibbixwoud.
* (Friesland) Attested as Oestwoldt in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Eastwâld, a compound of east (“east-, eastern”) and wâld (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).

A village in Medemblik, Noord-Holland, Netherlands.


Damwoude

First attested as dointhimwalde in 1369. Calque of West Frisian Damwâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Dantuma (“a surname”) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).


Eernewoude

First attested as eerndwaud in 1471. Borrowed from West Frisian Earnewâld, derived from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). The first element may be a personal name.

A village in Tytsjerksteradiel, Friesland, Netherlands.


Eestrum

First attested as esten in 1419. Borrowed from an earlier form of West Frisian Jistrum, a toponym of unknown origin. Compare Eesterga.

unk

unknown


Oostermeer

First attested as oestmeer in 1447. Calque of West Frisian Eastermar, a compound of Old Frisian āster (“eastern, east-”) and mar (“lake”).

A village and former municipality of Tytsjerksteradiel, Friesland, Netherlands.


Oudkerk

First attested as aldakerka in 1421. Calque of West Frisian Aldtsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian alda (“old”) and tzercka (“church”).


Molenend

First attested as Moleneind in 1861. Calque of West Frisian Mûnein, a compound of mûne (“mill”) and ein (“end”). Named after a former windmill.


Oenkerk

First attested as ontzerka in 1408. Borrowed from West Frisian Oentsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Oene (“a personal name”) and tzercka (“church”).


Garijp

First attested as garipe in 1325-1336. Borrowed from West Frisian Garyp, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian gâ (“village, village area”) and ripe (“edge, bank”).


Noordbergum

First attested as Bergumer heide in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Noardburgum, a compound of noard (“north-, northern”) and the toponym Burgum.


Suameer

First attested as suwamer and van suudmerra in 1453. Borrowed from West Frisian Sumar, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian sūth (“south-, southern”) and mar (“lake, pool”).


Giekerk

First attested as ghetzercka in 1242. Borrowed from West Frisian Gytsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Gye (“a personal name”) and tzercka (“church”).


Hardegarijp

First attested as herdegaryp in 1401. Borrowed from West Frisian Hurdegaryp, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian ripe (“edge, bank”).


Suawoude

First attested as suwald in 1481. Borrowed from West Frisian Suwâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian sūth (“south-, southern”) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).


Rijperkerk

First attested as ripikerka in 1314. Calque of West Frisian Ryptsjerk, derived from a compound of the toponym Hurdegaryp and Old Frisian tzercka (“church”).


Veenwoudsterwal

First attested as Diepswal in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Feanwâldsterwâl, a compound of the toponym Feanwâlden and wâl (“levee, embankment wall”).


Wijns

Potentially attested as weingi in 944, attested with certainty as winenge in 1224. Borrowed from West Frisian Wyns, derived in turn from Old Frisian Wago (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Quatrebras

First attested as Quatrebras sometime after 1864. Derived from French quatre bras (“crossroads”). Originally the name of an inn, which was named as a double reference to its location at a crossroads as well as to Les Quatre Bras near Genappe in Belgium, where William II of Orange repulsed a French attack the day before the Battle of Waterloo on June 16 1815.

A hamlet in Tytsjerksteradiel, Friesland, Netherlands.


Giekerkerhoek

Calque of West Frisian Gytsjerksterhoeke, a compound of the toponym Gytsjerk and hoeke (“corner”).


Hoogzand

First attested as Hoogzand in 1847. Calque of West Frisian It Heechsân, a compound of heech (“high, elevated”) and sân (“sand”).


Kleinegeest

First attested as Lutke Geest in 1543. Calque of West Frisian De Lytse Geast, derived from lyts (“small, little”) and geast (“elevated sandy land”).


Iniaheide

First attested as Lutke Inia in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Iniaheide, a compound of Inia (“a surname”) and heide (“heath, heathland”).


Suameerderheide

Calque of West Frisian Sumarreheide, a compound of the toponym Sumar and heide (“heath, heathland”).


Witveen

First attested as opt Witte feenen in 1543. Calque of West Frisian It Wytfean, a compound of wyt (“white”) and fean (“peat bog, marsh”). Compare Witteveen.


Bartlehiem

First attested as Bethlehem in 1232. Derived from Bethlehem, the name of a former Premonstratensian nunnery. The toponym was gradually reinterpreted to a compound of West Frisian Bartle (“a personal name”) and hiem (“home”).


Noordermeer

* (Friesland) First attested as nordameer and nordamer in 1432. Calque of West Frisian Noardermar, derived from a compound of Old Frisian north (“north-, northern”) and mar (“lake”).
* (Noord-Holland) First attested as Noore meer in 1575. Compound of noord (“north-, northern”) and meer (“lake”). The toponym contrasts with Zuidermeer.

A hamlet in Koggenland, Noord-Holland, Netherlands.


Jellum

First attested as helmum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Jellum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Helm (“a personal name”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).

A village in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands.


Hijlaard

First attested as elawerth in 1329. Borrowed from West Frisian Hilaard, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Ele (“a personal name”) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Huins

First attested as hunenghe in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Húns, derived in turn from Old Frisian Huno (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Hezens

First attested as hessens in 1417. Borrowed from West Frisian Hesens, derived in turn from Hesens (“a surname”).

A hamlet in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands.


Hoptille

/ˈɦɔpˌtɪ.lə/

First attested as Hoptilla in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian Hoptille, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and tille (“fixed bridge”). The first element may be hoppe (“dry or nearly dry inlet”).


Zwartewegsend

First attested as Zwartewegsend in 1847. Calque of West Frisian Swarteweisein, a compound of swart (“black”), wei (“way, road”) and ein (“end”). Originally the name of an inn. Named after a nearby road.


Weidum

First attested as wedum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Weidum, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian *wēth (“pasture”).


Jorwerd

First attested as everwerth in 1221. Borrowed from West Frisian Jorwert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Ever (“a personal name”) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).

A village and former municipality of Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands.


Schillaard

First attested as scallaert in 1445. Borrowed from West Frisian Skillaerd, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian schil (“seashell”) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Siegerswoude

* (Opsterland) First attested as sigerwolde in 1315. Calque of West Frisian Sigerswâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Sieger (“a personal name”) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).
* (Tytsjerksteradiel) First attested as sigherswold in 1484. Calque of West Frisian Sigerswâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Sieger (“a personal name”) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).

A village in Opsterland, Friesland, Netherlands.


Mantgum

First attested as mantingum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Mantgum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Mante (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Brantgum, Mantinge and Tjeintgum.


Baard

First attested as bauwert in 1325. Borrowed from West Frisian Baard, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Bavo (“a personal name”) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Oosterlittens

Potentially attested as lechinke [read: lethinge] in the second half of the 13th century, attested with certainty as aesterletzenze in 1402. Borrowed from West Frisian Easterlittens, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian āsta (“east-, eastern”) and either Lêta (“a personal name”) or *leta (“watercourse”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. The element easter was added to distinguish the settlement from Westerlittens.


De Joere

First attested as de jouwer in 1448. Etymology uncertain. Compare Hiaure, Joure and De Jouwer.


Wieuwens

Potentially attested as wijbens in 1504, attested with certainty as Wieuwens of Sprong in 1844. If the oldest attestation refers to the current settlement, a derivation from West Frisian Wibe (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ens is possible. If the oldest attestation does not refer to the current settlement, a derivation from Old Frisian Wieu (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- is possible.


Wammerd

First attested as wammert in 1493. Borrowed from West Frisian Wammert, potentially derived in turn from Old Frisian Wamme (“a personal name”) or wan (“bad, poor”) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Irnsum

First attested as yrntzom in 1399-1401. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Irin (“a personal name”) suffixed with hēm (“home, settlement”). The Dutch form of the toponym is derived from an earlier variant of the Frisian name.


Friens

First attested as frenigge in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Friens, derived in turn from Old Frisian Frana (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Schrins

First attested as scrinze in 1446. Borrowed from West Frisian Skrins, of unknown etymology. Possibly derived from Old Frisian skerd (“notch”) or *Skarde (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. Compare Scarcliff.

unk

unknown


Grouw

First attested as de growe in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Grou, derived in turn from a hydronym derived from Old Frisian growe (“gully”).


Roordahuizum

First attested as rorthahusum in 1389. Compound of either Old Frisian Roorda (“a surname”) or the toponym Raerd and the plural form of hūs (“house”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from a significantly older version of the Frisian name.


Tjeintgum

First attested as szyntinge in 1329. Borrowed from West Frisian Tsjeintgum, derived in turn from Old Frisian *Szynta (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Brantgum and Mantgum.


Idaard

Potentially attested as edenwerfa in 944, attested with certainty as etwerth in 1314. Borrowed from West Frisian Idaerd, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Eda (“a personal name”) and werf (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The second element was gradually reinterpreted to wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Warstiens

First attested as wer-steens in 1477. Borrowed from West Frisian Warstiens, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian wer (“parcel, landed property”) and Stening (“a surname”).


Angwier

First attested as Angweer in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Angwier, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Engwier.


Abbengawier

First attested as abbingweer in 1448. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Abbinga (“a surname”) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from a significantly older version of the Frisian name.


Britsum

First attested as bruggiheim in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Britsum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian bregge (“bridge”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Aegum

First attested as agum in 1503. Borrowed from West Frisian Eagum, potentially derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Age (“a personal name”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Hijum

First attested as hehem in 1431. Borrowed from West Frisian Hijum, likely derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Haie (“a personal name”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Gotum

Potentially attested as gottincheim around 825-842, attested with certainty as Gôtum in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian Goattum, derived in turn from Old Frisian Gote (“a personal name”) or Gottinge (“a surname”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Domwier

Potentially attested as demingwere in 1314, attested with certainty as Demweer in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Domwier, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Deminga (“a surname”) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Vensterburen

First attested as Vensterbuyren in 1664. Borrowed from West Frisian Finsterbuorren, a compound of finne (“pasture, swampland”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Swichum

First attested as swygghem in the 14th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Swichum, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian hēm (“home, settlement”). The first element may be a personal name.


De Bird

* (Leeuwarden) First attested as berd in 1511.
* (Súdwest-Fryslân) First attested as Bird and Hagena Bird in 1511. Derived from Old Frisian bird (“edge, bank”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.

A hamlet in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands.


Jelsum

First attested as heilsum around 1270. Borrowed from West Frisian Jelsum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Helle (“a personal name”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Naarderburen

First attested as Hennaerderebwren in 1527. Calque of West Frisian Narderbuorren, derived from a compound of the toponym Hinnaard and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Truurd

First attested as Truyrd in 1540. Borrowed from West Frisian Truerd, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian triu (“tree”) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Hempens

First attested as hempens in 1463. Derived from Old Frisian *Hempe (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older version of the Frisian toponym.


Goutum

First attested as goeltum in 1366. Borrowed from West Frisian Goutum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Golde (“a personal name”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Oude Leije

/ˈɑu̯.də ˈlɛi̯.ə/

First attested as op ter leya in 1466. Calque of West Frisian Alde Leie, derived in turn from Old Frisian ald (“old”) and leije (“excavated or canalised watercourse”).


Stiens

First attested as steninge in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Stiens, derived in turn from Old Frisian Stêna (“a personal name”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. Compare Staining and Steyning.


Midsburen

Calque of West Frisian Midsbourren, a compound of mid (“mid-, middle”) and the plural form of buer (“home, cottage”).