Usquert

First attested as uuiscuuyrð in 840-849. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian uurð (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The first element may be wisch (“low-lying pasture which floods in winter”).


Warffum

First attested as werfhem in 840-849. Compound of Old Frisian werf (“artificial mound used for habitation”) and heem (“home, settlement”).

der

A village and former municipality of Het Hogeland, Groningen, Netherlands


Wehe-den Hoorn

Wehe is first attested as uuie in the 10th or 11th century. den Hoorn is first attested as up de horne in 1398. Wehe is derived from Old Frisian wie (“shrine, temple”). den Hoorn is derived from the dative singular form of horn (“bend, corner”). Compare for Wehe Wijhe and Wye.

A village in Het Hogeland, Groningen, Netherlands


Winsum

* (Groningen) First attested as uinchem and uuinkhem in the 10th or 11th century. Etymology uncertain. The toponym may be a compound of a personal name, Old Frisian *wink (“corner”) or an otherwise unattested toponym *Winiki and heem (“home, settlement”).
* (Friesland) First attested as winshyum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Winsum, potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Wynka (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).

A village in Waadhoeke, Friesland, Netherlands


Zandeweer

First attested as sondwere in 1358. Compound of Old Frisian sond (“sand”) and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Saandeweer.


Zoutkamp

First attested as soltcampum in 1418. Compound of Old Frisian salt (“salt”) and kamp (“enclosed piece of land”). The toponym may refer to the settlement's close proximity to the sea or to salt-extraction industries.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Zoltkamp.


Zuurdijk

First attested as suterdicke in the 13th century. Compound of a contracted form of zuider (“southern, south-”) and dijk (“levee”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Zoerdiek.


Warfhuizen

Potentially attested as vrua in 786-787, attested with certainty as werffhusum in the 13th century. Compound of Old Frisian werve (“artificial hill used for habitation”) and the plural form of huis (“house”).


Wetsinge

/ˈʋɛt.sɪ.ŋə/

First attested as uuirkingi in the 10th or 11th century. Derived from either Old Frisian Werk (a personal name) or wirk (“fortress, fortification”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. Compare Wessinghuizen and Wessingtange.


Hefshuizen

A former municipality of Groningen, Netherlands


Abbeweer

/ˌɑ.bəˈʋeːr/

First attested as opp abba wera medum in 1471. Compound of Old Frisian Abbe (a personal name) and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).

A hamlet in Het Hogeland, Groningen, Netherlands


Alinghuizen

First attested as aldynghehusen in 1410. Compound of Old Frisian Ale (a personal name) suffixed with -ingi- and the plural form of huis (“house”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Allenhoezen.


Barnegaten

First attested as Barnjegat in 1781. Compound of a dialectal form of branden (“burn”) and the plural form of gat (“kolk lake, hole in a levee”). The toponym refers to two restored levees along the Reitdiep.


Bellingeweer

/ˌbɛ.lɪ.ŋəˈʋeːr/

First attested as beltkeweer in 1462. Compound of Old Frisian Belle (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Formerly an independent hamlet.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Bellenweer.

A neighbourhood of Het Hogeland, Groningen, Netherlands


Beusum

First attested as Beusma and Beusums in 1525. Derived from West Frisian Beusma (a surname). Originally the name of a fortified manor.


Bokum

First attested as Bokum in 1781. Potentially derived from West Frisian Bokema (a surname). Originally the name of a farmhouse.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Bökkum.


De Dingen

First attested as dyngum in 1339. Potentially derived from Old Frisian denga (“fertilise”), dung (“manure”), here referring to land freshly brought into cultivation.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Dingum.


De Houw

First attested as houa in the 10th or 11th century. Derived from the dative singular form of Old Frisian hof (“farmstead”).


De Knijp

First attested as KNIJP (DE) in 1845. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon kniep (“small dam, plank which can be raised to allow water to flow”).


De Raken

Derived from the plural form of Dutch Low Saxon raak (“straight section of a watercourse between two bends”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon De Roaken.


Deikum

First attested as deijkum in 1781. Likely derived from dijk (“levee”). The ending in -um likely developed under the influence of nearby toponyms.


Doodstil

First attested as doetijl in 1456. Compound of Old Frisian Dode (a personal name) and til (“fixed bridge”).


Douwen

First attested as da dowa in 1381. Etymology unknown. Originally the name of a field.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Daauwen.

unk

unknown


Ellerhuizen

First attested as aylardahusum in 1384. Compound of Old Frisian Aylarda (a surname) and the plural form of huis (“house”). Compare Ellersinghuizen.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Ellerhoezen.


Ernstheem

First attested as ernestahusum and ernstahusun in 1281. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Ernest (a personal name) and the dative plural form of hūs (“house”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Eernsum.


Eelswerd

First attested as ellasuurð in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian Elli (a personal name) and uurð (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Elens

First attested as alingi in the 10th or 11th century. Derived from Old Frisian Alo (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Grijssloot

First attested as Grysloot around 1660. Compound of grijs (“grey”) and sloot (“ditch”). The toponym allegedly derives from the presence of a Cistercian chapel near the future settlement. Compare Schiermonnikoog and Wittewierum.


Harssens

First attested as hersingi in the 10th or 11th century. Derived from Old Frisian Hersa (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Hazzens.


Hefswal

First attested as Hevs wal in 1781. Derived from Old Frisian heveswal (“maritime levee”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Hefwaal.


Hekkum

First attested as elle heckema in den upgho in 1400. Probably derived from Old Frisian Heckema (a surname).


Helwerd

First attested as heleuuyrð in 840-849. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian uurd (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The first element may be Proto-Germanic *halu (“sloping”) or Old Frisian *hailaga (“holy, sacred”). Compare Helhuizen, Hell, Holwerd and Hulhuizen.


Heuvelderij

/ˌɦøː.vəl.dəˈrɛi̯/

First attested as Mosselderij in 1867. Derived from Heuvel (a surname) suffixed with -erij. Compare Brillerij, Schimmelarij, Schutterij and Stadterij.


Hiddingezijl

/ˌɦɪ.dɪ.ŋəˈzɛi̯l/


Holwinde

/ɦɔlˈʋɪn.də/

First attested as holwynde in 1479. Potentially a compound of hol (“low-lying, swampy”) and Middle Dutch winde (“object with a bent shape”).


De Horn

* (Groningen) Derived from horn (“protruding bend, corner”).
* (Weesp) Attested as Horn in 1874. Derived from horn (“protruding bend, corner”). The settlement is located in a bend of the Vecht.
* (Alkmaar) Derived from horn (“protruding bend, corner”), referring here to a bend made by the levee next to the Vroonermeer.

A hamlet in Weesp, North Holland, Netherlands

A neighbourhood of Alkmaar, North Holland, Netherlands


Kaakhorn

First attested as Kaakhorn in 1899. Compound of kaak (“pillory”) and horn (“corner”).


Katershorn

Compound of Katers (a surname) and horn (“corner”).


Klein Garnwerd

First attested as Kleyn Garwert in 1677-1678. Derived from klein (“small”) and the toponym Garnwerd.


Koningsoord

First attested as Koningsoord (Het) in 1899. Compound of Koning (a surname) and oord (“place”).


Lutke Saaxum

First attested as sasheim and sahsenheim around 802-817. Derived from Old Frisian lutke (“little, small”) and a compound of Sahso (a personal name) and heem (“home, settlement”). Compare Saaksum, Saaxumhuizen and Sassenheim.


Maarhuizen

First attested as maiori huson in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian mâra (“bigger, more”) and the dative plural form of hûs (“house”).


Menkeweer

First attested as menekingwerve in 1329. Compound of Old Frisian Menneke (a personal name) and werve (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Menneweer

First attested as meniuuerua in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian Menne (a personal name) and werve (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Midhalm

First attested as midhallum in 1781. Compound of mid (“middle, mid-”) and Old Frisian holme (“hill, riverine island”).


Noordpolder

Compound of noord (“north-, northern”) and polder (“polder”). Named after the polder of the same name.


Noordpolderzijl

First attested as Noordpolder Zijl en Zijlhuis in 1851-1855. Compound of the toponym Noordpolder and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Onderwierum

First attested as uldernawerum in 1378. Likely a compound of a family name and the dative plural form of Old Frisian weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Onderdendam.


Paapstil

First attested as PAAPTIL in 1847. Compound of Paap (a surname) and til (“fixed bridge”).


Schilligeham

/ˈsxɪ.lɪ.ɣəˌɦɑm/

First attested as apud grangiam in hammis que vulgariter skilgaforwerch appellatur in 1323. Compound of Dutch Low Saxon schillig (“bent”) and ham (“alluvial land in the bend of a river”). The second element was initially voorwerk (“monastic grange”).


Sint Annerhuisjes

First attested as Annerhuisjes (Sint-) in 1936. Compound of the toponym Sint Annen and the plural diminutive form of huis (“house”).


't Stort

First attested as Stort in 1899. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon stört (“earth extracted from a canal which is under construction”).


Ter Laan

First attested as Terlaan in 1522. Derived from an inflected form of te (“at”) and Dutch Low Saxon laan (“lane, path used by a farmer to reach a plot of farmland while riding a horse-drawn carriage”).


Tijum

First attested as tihem in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of either Old Frisian *ti (“place where law is spoken”) or Tia (a personal name) and heem (“home, settlement”).


Valcum

First attested as falconhem in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian Falco (a personal name) and heem (“home, settlement”).


Valom

First attested as Valom in 1899. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon valom (“ruin, building that can collapse at any moment”). The settlement derives its name from an incident in 1877 during which three houses were destroyed by a storm. Compare Kijkuit, Kopaf, De Omval, Pasop and Rolaf.


Vliedorp

First attested as vleghum in 1418. Originally derived from Old Frisian *fliach-hem (“refuge, hiding place”). The second element was gradually replaced with dorp (“village, settlement”).


Wadwerd

First attested as uuatuurð in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian wad (“fordable place”) and uurð (“terp, artificial hill used for habitation”).


Westerhorn

* (Het Hogeland, near Hornhuizen) Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and horn (“corner”).
* (Het Hogeland, near Usquert) First attested as Westerhorn in 1628. Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and horn (“corner”).
* (Westerkwartier) Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and horn (“corner”).

A hamlet in Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands


Westerdijkshorn

First attested as Dijckshorne in 1558. Compound of wester (“western, west-”), dijk (“levee”) and horn (“corner”).


Westerklooster

First attested as Wester Clooster in 1781. Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and klooster. The settlement is located to the west of Kloosterburen.


Wierhuizen

First attested as werahuesum and weerahuesum in 1371. Compound of Old Frisian wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”) and the plural form of huis (“house”).


Wierum

* (Friesland) First attested as weyrum in 1335. Borrowed from West Frisian Wierum, presumably derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian werve (“artificial mound used for habitation”).
* (Groningen) First attested as uuirem in 855. Derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian *wîr (“artificial mound”).

A village in Noardeast-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Wierumerschouw

First attested as Wierumer Schouw in 1781. Compound of the toponym Wierum and schouw (“ferry”).


Startenhuizen

First attested as stertingahusum in 1391. Potentially derived from Old Frisian stert (“tail”) or dialectal starting (“terrain where goods can temporarily be stored”) and the plural form of huis (“house”). Compare Starting.


Westervalge

Attested as Wester Valge of Hondenest in 1867. Compound of wester (“western, west-”) and dialectal valg (“tilled land”). The element wester was added to distinguish the toponym from Oostervalge.


Oostervalge

Attested as Ooster Valge in 1867. Compound of ooster (“eastern, east-”) and dialectal valg (“tilled land”). The element ooster was added to distinguish the toponym from Westervalge.


De Brake

Derived from braak (“intensively ploughed land”).


Groot Wetsinge

/ˌɣroːt ˈʋɛt.sɪ.ŋə/

Derived from groot (“big, great”) and the toponym Wetsinge. The toponym contrasts with Klein Wetsinge.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Groot Wetsen.


Klein Wetsinge

Derived from klein (“small, lesser”) and the toponym Wetsinge. The toponym contrasts with Groot Wetsinge.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Lutke Wetsen.


Obergum

First attested as obergon in the 10th or 11th century. Etymology uncertain. Possibly a compound of a personal name and either Old Frisian berg (“hill, elevated place”) or hem (“home, settlement”). Formerly an independent village.


Uilenest

Derived from uilennest (“owl's nest”). The neighbourhood's streets are named after owls.


Robbenoort

Compound of the plural form of rob (“seal”) and oord (“place”).


Aduard

First attested as adawerth in 1252. Compound of Old Frisian Ada (a personal name) or Ade (a personal name) and werth (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Auwerd.

A village and former municipality of Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands


Boerakker

First attested as de Buir Acker in 1781. Compound of boer (“farmer”) and akker (“farmland”). Originally the name of a field.

A village in Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands


Briltil

First attested as den Bril in 1632. Compound of a variant of briel (“soggy overgrown pasture”) and til (“fixed bridge”).


De Wilp

First attested as De Wilp in 1828. Derived from wulp (“curlew, Numenius arquata”).


Den Horn

First attested as HORN (DEN) in 1844. Derived from horn (“corner”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon n Hörn.


Doezum

First attested as uteradosum alias dosum in 1475. Difficult to interpret. Potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Doewe (a personal name) and heem (“home, settlement”) or from the dative plural form of dialectal Dutch Low Saxon does (“swamp or peat bog covered in moss”).


Enumatil

First attested as enematil in 1456. Compound of Old Frisian Enuma (a surname) and til (“fixed bridge”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Aimentil.


Garnwerd

First attested as granauurð in the 10th or 11th century. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian uurð (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The first element may be Old Frisian Grano (a personal name).


Grijpskerk

First attested as Ruygwerdt alias Grijpskerke in 1500. Compound of Middle Dutch Grijp (a noble surname) and kerk (“church”). The Grijp family sponsored the construction of the church which the settlement developed around.


Grootegast

First attested as up de grote gast in 1502. Compound of groot (“big, great”) and Old Frisian gast (“elevated sandy land”). The element groot was added to distinguish the settlement from Lutjegast.


Lutjegast

First attested as op de lutkegast in 1459. Compound of lutje (“little, small”) and Old Frisian gast (“elevated sandy land”). The element lutje was added to distinguish the settlement from Grootegast.


Jonkersvaart

First attested as Jonkersgruppel in 1765. Compound of jonker (“squire”) and vaart (“canal”). Exactly which squire ordered the construction of the canal is uncertain.


Kommerzijl

First attested as Upslachster syl in 1634. Likely a compound of West Frisian Kommer (a surname) and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Kornhorn

First attested as vp Corriger sandt in 1596. Compound of Old Frisian Curre (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and horn (“corner”). Compare Cornjum, Korhorn and Korrewegwijk.


Lauwerzijl

First attested as Lauwerzijl in 1899. Compound of the hydronym Lauwers and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Lettelbert

First attested as to lettebeerd in 1444. Compound of Old Frisian lettel (“little, small”) and bert (“settlement”).


Lucaswolde

First attested as lucaswold and lucaswolde in 1385. Compound of Middle Dutch Lucas (a personal name) and wold (“swamp forest, marsh forest”). Compare Luxwoude.


Marum

First attested as marum in 1385. Potentially a compound of Old Frisian mâr (“lake, pool, watercourse”) and heem (“home, settlement”) or a derivation from the dative plural form of mâr. Compare Marrum, Mareham le Fen and Mareham on the Hill.


Midwolde

First attested as mitwolde in 1486. Compound of Middle Dutch mid (“middle, mid-”) and the dative singular form of wold (“swamp forest, marsh forest”).


Niebert

First attested as nyebert in 1385. Compound of Old Frisian nīe (“new”) and bert (“settlement”). The element nīe was added to distinguish the settlement from Tolbert.


Niehove

First attested as suxwort around 1475. Compound of Middle Dutch nie (“new”) and hof (“farmstead, homestead”).


Oldekerk

First attested as aeldakerka in 1392. Compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”) and kerk (“church”). The element ald was added to distinguish the settlement from Niekerk.


Oldehove

* (Groningen) First attested as oldenhove in 1392. Compound of Middle Dutch out (“old”) and the dative singular form of hof (“farmstead, homestead”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Ollehoof.
* (Friesland) Compound of oud (“old”) and hof (“farmstead, homestead”). Formerly an independent village.

A neighbourhood of Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Niezijl

First attested as Niezijl in 1579. Compound of nieuw (“new”) and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Noordhorn

First attested as northorne in 1375. Compound of noord (“north-, northern”) and horn (“corner”). The element noord was added to distinguish the settlement from Zuidhorn.


Zuidhorn

* (Friesland) First attested as Suydthorn in 1718. Compound of zuid (“south-, southern”) and horn (“corner”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Zuudhorn and West Frisian Súdhoarne.
* (Groningen) First attested as hurum in 1338. Compound of zuid (“south-, southern”) and horn (“corner”). The oldest attestation appears to be the dative plural form of horn, formed by analogy with similar toponyms nearby. The element zuid was added to distinguish the settlement from Noordhorn. See also Dutch Low Saxon Zuudhörn.

A hamlet in Ooststellingwerf, Friesland, Netherlands


Nuis

First attested as nuys in 1385. Potentially derived from a contracted compound of Old Frisian nîe (“new”) and hûs (“house”).


Opende

First attested as vpeynde in 1457. Derived from Middle Dutch opeinde (“upper end”).


Pieterzijl

First attested as Pieters Zijl in 1781. Compound of Pieter (a personal name) and zijl (“discharge sluice”).


Saaksum

First attested as toe Zaeckzum up den Hollem and to Saexum in 1564. Derived from Old Frisian Sahso (a personal name) and heem (“home, settlement”). Compare Lutke Saaxum, Saaxumhuizen and Sassenheim.


Sebaldeburen

First attested as in sibaldebuere hove in the 13th century. Compound of Old Frisian Sibald (a personal name) and the plural form of buur (“house, cottage”).


Visvliet

First attested as visvleeth in 1476. Compound of vis (“fish”) and Middle Dutch vliet (“running watercourse”).


Aalsum

* (Friesland) First attested as atlesheim in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Ealsum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Athal (a personal name) and hem (“home, settlement”).
* (Groningen) First attested as aelsum in 1449. Difficult to interpret due to a paucity of old attestations. Potentially a compound of Old Frisian Athal (a personal name) and hem (“home, settlement”).


Aduarder Voorwerk

First attested as van den convente of van den vorwarken van adewart in 1389. Derived from the toponym Aduard and voorwerk (“monastic grange”).


Aduarderzijl

First attested as van den zyle, de adewerder ziil gheheten is in 1382. Compound of the toponym Aduard and zijl (“discharge sluice”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Auwerderziel.


Allersma

First attested as Duert Allersma als een rechter toe Edsinge in 1504. Derived from West Frisian Allersma (a surname). Originally the name of a manor, which was named in turn after the family which owned it.


Bakkerom

First attested as Bakkrum in 1913. Etymology unknown. Potentially derived from a compound of a personal name and oom (“uncle”).

unk

unknown


Balmahuizen

First attested as nae ballema gelegen in 1571. Compound of West Frisian Ballema (a surname) and the plural form of huis (“house”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Baalmhoezen.


Barnwerd

First attested as tho berwert in 1526. Compound of Old Frisian bar (“barren, bald”) and wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Baarnwerd.


Beswerd

First attested as in buxingi in 855. Compound of Old Frisian *Bokse (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Beeswerd.


Blauw

First attested as Blauw in 1936. Potentially derived from Blauw (a surname).


Boerenstreek

* (Groningen) First attested as de Boerestreek in 1851. Compound of boer (“farmer”) and streek (“row of houses”).
* (Utrecht) Compound of the plural form of boer (“farmer”) and streek (“line, path”). Originally the name of a footpath.

A neighbourhood of Soest, Utrecht, Netherlands


Bokkebuurt

Compound of Dutch Low Saxon bok (“goat”) and buurt (“neighbourhood, hamlet”). The toponym derives from the fact that the hamlet's inhabitants kept goats instead of cows due to their limited means.


Bolshuizen

First attested as Bolshuizen in 1851-1855. Compound of Bols (a surname) or Bolsema (a surname) and the plural form of huis (“house”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Bolshoezen.


De Bombay

First attested as de Uithoorn in 1867. Derived from English Bombay (“Mumbai”). Originally the name of a windmill.


Breemen

First attested as Breemhaer in 1508. Derived from brem (“broom, Cytisus scoparius”). Not derived from the toponym Bremen.


Brillerij

First attested as Brillerij in 1851-1855. Likely derived from Bril (a surname) suffixed with -erij. Compare Heuvelderij, Schimmelarij, Schutterij and Stadterij.


De Eest

First attested as De Eest in 1678. Likely derived from ees (“farmland around a village”) with epenthetic -t.


De Haspel

First attested as de Haspelwijk in 1877. Derived from haspel (“yarn winch”). Named after a nearby canal, which is shaped vaguely like a yarn winch.


De Holm

First attested as in Den Holm in 1559. Derived from dialectal holm (“hill, elevated place”).


De Jammer

Derived from jammer (“wail of anguish, disaster”). Compare Kostverloren and Kostvlies.


De Jouwer

First attested as op de Jouwer in 1641. Potentially derived from West Frisian hjouwer (“oat (Avena sativa)”). Compare Hiaure, De Joere and Joure.


De Kampen

* (Friesland) First attested as op dae campen in 1433. Borrowed from West Frisian De Kampen, derived from the plural form of Old Frisian kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).
* (Groningen) Derived from the plural form of kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).
* (Noord-Holland) Attested as De Ooster Kampen, De Wester Kampen in 1680. Derived from the plural form of kamp (“enclosed piece of land”).

der

A hamlet in Waadhoeke, Friesland, Netherlands

A hamlet in Hollands Kroon, North Holland, Netherlands


De Poffert

First attested as de Poffert in 1794. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon poffert (“type of cake”). Originally the name of an inn.
See also Dutch Low Saxon De Povvert.


De Snipperij

First attested as (De) Snipperij in 1866. Derived from Snip (a surname) or Dutch Low Saxon sniep (“piece of lands that tapers to a sharp point”) suffixed with -erij.


De Tenten

Derived from the plural form of tent (“large building”). The toponym refers to a set of former workers' barracks.


De Wieren

* (Friesland) First attested as Groote Wyer in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian De Wieren, derived from the plural form of wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”).
* (Groningen)

A hamlet in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


De Ruigewaard

/də ˈrœy̯.ɣəˌʋaːrt/

First attested as van den rughe waert in 1476. Compound of ruig (“rough, overgrown”) and waard (“land next to water, riverine island”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon De Roegwaord.


Diepswal

* (Westerkwartier, near Briltil) First attested as DIEPSWAL in 1841. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon diepswal (“bank stabilisation next to a canal”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Daipswaal.
* (Westerkwartier, near Leek) First attested as DIEPSWAL in 1841. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon diepswal (“bank stabilisation next to a canal”). See also Dutch Low Saxon Daipswaal.


Dorp

* (Groningen) First attested as tho dorpe in 1525. Derived from dorp (“farmstead, village, settlement”).
* (Zuid-Holland) Derived from dorp (“village, settlement”). The neighbourhood encompasses the original village centre of Zoetermeer.

A neighbourhood of Zoetermeer, South Holland, Netherlands


Dwarshaspel

First attested as Dwarshaspelwijk in 1936. Compound of dwars (“across”) and haspel (“yarn winch”). Named after a nearby canal.


Eekeburen

First attested as Eekebuiren in 1781. Compound of Old Frisian ek (“oak, Quercus sp.”) and the plural form of buur (“house, cottage”).


Eibersburen

First attested as Eijbersburen in 1781. Compound of West Frisian Eibert (a personal name) and the plural form of buur (“house, cottage”).


Fransum

First attested as franchim and frenchem in hunesgonia in 1285. Compound of Old Frisian Frank (a personal name) and heem (“home, settlement”). Unlikely to be named after the Frankish peoples.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Fraansum.


Fransumer Voorwerk

First attested as Fransumer Voorwerk in 1781. Derived from the toponym Fransum and voorwerk (“monastic grange”).


Frytum

First attested as frytemahuis in 1453. Derived from Old Frisian Fritema (a surname). Named after a former castle.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Fritum.


Gaaikemadijk

First attested as olim Gaickinga around 1660. Compound of West Frisian Gaikinga (a surname) and dijk (“levee”). Named after a nearby levee.


Gaaikemaweer

First attested as Gokkemaweer in 1781. Compound of Gaaikema (a surname) and dialectal weer (“parcel, landed property”).


Gaarkeuken

First attested as Gaarkeuken in 1781. Derived from gaarkeuken (“tavern, diner”). The settlement formerly housed four inns.


Hamrik

First attested as Hamrik (De) in 1899. Derived from hamrik (“polder, village area”).


Hardeweer

/ˌɦɑr.dəˈʋeːr/

First attested as to harderweer in 1466. Compound of Middle Dutch Harde (a personal name) or hard (“hard, tough”) and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Haardeweer.


Heereburen

First attested as thoe Herma in 1534. Compound of Old Frisian Herema (a surname) or Here (a personal name) and the plural form of buer (“home, cottage”).
See also Dutch Low Saxon Hereburen.


Heineburen

First attested as Heineburen in 1867. Compound of Heine (a personal name) and the plural form of buur (“house, cottage”).


Hilmahuis

/ˈɦɪl.maːˌɦœy̯s/


Hoekje

First attested as Hoekje in 1936. Derived from the diminutive form of hoek (“corner”).


Hoogemeeden

Compound of hoog (“high, elevated”) and the plural form of a variant of made (“pasture”). The element hoog was added to distinguish the settlement from Lagemeeden.


Lagemeeden

Compound of laag (“low”) and the plural form of a variant of made (“pasture”). The element laag was added to distinguish the settlement from Hoogemeeden.


Ikum

First attested as Ikema in 1874. Derived from Ikema (a surname).


Kenwerd

First attested as chinicwirde in 786-787. Compound of Old Frisian chinic (“king”) and wirde (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Keuningswijk

/ˈkøː.nɪŋsˌʋɛi̯k/

First attested as Keuningswijk in 1936. Compound of Keuning (a surname) and wijk (“secondary canal in a turf extraction area”).


Korhorn

First attested as KORHORN (DE) in 1845. Compound of Old Frisian Curre (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and horn (“corner”). Compare Cornjum, Kornhorn and Korrewegwijk.


Krassum

First attested as creslinge around 820. Etymology unknown. A proposed derivation from Proto-Germanic *Kraftilo (a personal name) does not match with the oldest attestations of the toponym.

unk

unknown


't Kret

First attested as Kret in 1867. Derived from Dutch Low Saxon kret (“trees which a horse drawing a cart walks between”).


Kuzemer

First attested as cusemaria in 1338. Potentially derived from Middle Dutch Kuse (a personal name) and maar (“watercourse”). Unlikely to be derived from a compound of kuis (“chaste”) and the name of Saint Mary.


Kuzemerbalk

First attested as Jouwer of Cuzemerbalk in 1851-1855. Compound of the toponym Kuzemer and balk (“bridge”).


Lammerburen

First attested as Lammerbuiren in 1781. Potentially a compound of Dutch Low Saxon lammer (“obstacle”) and the plural form of buur (“home, cottage”).


Nieuwbrug

Compound of nieuw (“new”) and brug (“bridge”).


Nieuwklap

First attested as Nieuweklap in 1867. Compound of nieuw (“new”) and klap (“drawbridge”).


Noorderburen

First attested as Noordhoek in 1867. Compound of noorder (“northern, north-”) and either the plural form of boer (“farmer”) or buur (“home, cottage”). The element noorder was added to distinguish the settlement from Zuiderburen.


Zuiderburen

* (Friesland, hamlet) Attested as Zuider Buiren in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Suderbuorren, a compound of suder (“southern”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).
* (Groningen) Attested as Zuidhoek in 1867. Compound of zuider (“southern, south-”) and either the plural form of boer (“farmer”) or buur (“house, cottage”). The element zuider was added to distinguish the settlement from Noorderburen.
* (Friesland, neighbourhood) The neighbourhood is named after the hamlet.

A hamlet in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Noordhornerga

First attested as de Gaa in 1781. Compound of the toponym Noordhorn and ga (“village area”).


Noordhornertolhek

First attested as Tolhuis in 1781. Compound of the toponym Noordhorn and tolhek (“toll-gate”).


Okswerd

First attested as oxwerderzijl in 1422. Compound of Old Frisian Okke (a personal name) or oxa (“ox, castrated bull”) and either a term cognate to Old Dutch werd (“land next to water, riverine island”) or were (“plot of land, farmstead”).


Oostindië

First attested as de Oostindiën in 1839. Derived from Oost-Indië (“East Indies”).


Oostum

First attested as astnem [read: asthem] in the 11th century. Compound of Old Frisian āst (“east, eastern-”) and heem (“home, settlement”).


Pasop

First attested as Pas op in 1851-1855. Derived from the expression pas op (“watch out!”). Compare Kijkuit, Kopaf, De Omval, Rolaf and Valom.


Peebos

First attested as in de Pebebosch in 1828. Compound of Dutch Low Saxon Pebe (a personal name) or Piebe (a personal name) and bos (“rising forest”).


Ruigezand

First attested as Rousant in 1573. Compound of ruig (“overgrown, wild”) and zand (“sand”).


Schifpot

Derived from Dutch Low Saxon schifpot (“kettle in which unusable parts of flax are burned”). The hamlet is named after a kettle used to heat a former inn.


Steentil

Compound of steen (“stone”) and til (“fixed bridge”).


Suttum

First attested as Suttema huys around 1600. Derived either from West Frisian Suttema (a surname) or, if the toponym is older than the surname, from a compound of Old Frisian sūth (“south”) and heem (“home, settlement”).


Tolhek

* (Groningen) Derived from tolhek (“toll-gate”).
* (Zuid-Holland) Derived from tolhek (“toll-gate”).

A neighbourhood of Pijnacker-Nootdorp, South Holland, Netherlands


Topweer

First attested as Topweer in 1781. Compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian were (“parcel, landed property”). The first element may be a familiar form of Old Frisian Theudobald (a personal name) or derive from Dutch Low Saxon top (“first cut of mown grass”).


Trimunt

First attested as trimont in 1473. Derived from a compound of Latin tres (“three”) and mons (“mountain, hill”). Named after a former Benedictine nunnery.


Veldstreek

First attested as de Veldstreek in 1851. Compound of veld (“field”) and streek (“row of houses”).


Zethuis

First attested as dat seethues in 1476. Compound of Old Frisian sêd (“seed, seed stock”) and hûs (“house”).


Pierkesveld

A neighbourhood of Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands


Maashorst

Compound of the hydronym Maas and horst (“overgrown elevated place”). Named after an area of natural beauty located in the centre of the new municipality.

Meronyms: Bedaf, Biesthoek, Brand, Duifhuis, Eikenheuvel, Gaal, Graspeel, Heikant, Hengstheuvel, Hoefkens, Hooge Heide, Hoogveld, Hultje, Kleuter, Kooldert, Kreitsberg, Lagenheuvel, Lankes, Loo, Maatsehei, Moleneind, Mun, Nabbegat, Niemeskant, Odiliapeel, Oosterens, Oventje, Rakt, Reek, Schadron, Schaijk, Slabroek, Strepen, Trent, Uden, Velmolen, Vloet, Voederheil, Volkel, Weeg, Witte Dellen, Zeeland, Zevenhuis

A municipality of North Brabant, Netherlands


Land van Cuijk

Derived from land (“land”) and the toponym Cuijk. Named after a former fiefdom.

Meronyms: Beers, Beugen, Blauwenhoek, Boxmeer, Broekkant, Bruggen, Cuijk, De Berg, De Boer, De Dellen, De Gagel, De Hoef, Den Hoek, De Plaats, De Rijtjes, Dommelsvoort, Driehoek, Escharen, Ewinkel, Gassel, Grave, Groeningen, Haart, Ham, Hank, Haps, Haring, Heeswijk, Heihoek, Heikant, Helbroek, Hoeven, Holthees, Hoogeind, Huij, Hulsbeek, Katwijk, Klein-Vortum, Krolhoek, Laageind, Lamperen, Landhorst, Langenboom, Ledeacker, Linden, Maashees, Meeren, Mill, Molengat, Nieuw-Gassel, Noord, Noordkant, Oeffelt, Op den Bosch, Oploo, Oude Waranda, Overloon, Papenvoort, Park, Peelkant, Peelstraat, Putselaar, Rijkevoort, Rijkevoort-De Walsert, Rondveld, Sambeek, Schafferden, Sint Agatha, Sint Anthonis, Sint Hubert, Spekklef, Stevensbeek, 't Herselt, Toven, Tuuthees, Ullingen, Velp, Verloren Hoek, Vianen, Vierlingsbeek, Vlagberg, Vortum-Mullem, Wanroij, Werveld, Westerbeek, Wilbertoord, Zandkant, Zevenhutten, Zuid Carolina


Schoterland

Calque of West Frisian Skoatterlân, a compound of the toponym Aldskoat and lân (“land”).

A former municipality of Friesland, Netherlands


Baarderadeel

Borrowed from West Frisian Baarderadiel, a compound of the toponym Baerd and diel (“district, rural administrative area”).


Barradeel

Borrowed from West Frisian Barradiel, a compound of the toponyms Seisbierum and diel (“district, rural administrative area”). The municipality was named after an older form of the toponym Sexbierum (Sixtibarra).


Boornsterhem

Borrowed from West Frisian Boarnsterhim, a compound of the hydronym De Boarn and him (“polder, land located in a riverbend, land next to water”).


Gaasterland

Borrowed from West Frisian Gaasterlân, a compound of geast (“elevated sandy land”) and lân (“land”).


Gaasterland-Sloten

Borrowed from West Frisian Gaasterlân-Sleat, a compound of the toponyms Gaasterlân and Sleat.


Haskerland

Borrowed from West Frisian Haskerlân, a compound of haske (“a type of grass”) and lân (“land”).


Hemelumer Oldeferd

Borrowed from West Frisian Himmelumer Aldefurd, derived from the toponym Himmelum and a compound of âld (“old”) and ferd (“legal district”).


Hennaarderadeel

Borrowed from West Frisian Hinnaarderadiel, a compound of the toponym Hinnaard and diel (“district, rural administrative area”).


Idaarderadeel

Borrowed from West Frisian Idaarderadiel, a compound of the toponym Idaerd and diel (“district, rural administrative area”).


Lemsterland

Borrowed from West Frisian Lemsterlân, a compound of the toponym De Lemmer and lân (“land”).


Nijefurd

Borrowed from West Frisian Nijefurd, a compound of nij (“new”) and ferd (“legal district”). The name was chosen to contrast with Hemelumer Oldeferd.


Oostdongeradeel

Borrowed from West Frisian East-Dongeradiel, a compound of east (“east-, eastern”) and the toponym Dongeradiel.


Westdongeradeel

Borrowed from West Frisian West-Dongeradiel, a compound of west (“west-, western”) and the toponym Dongeradiel.


Rauwerderhem

Borrowed from West Frisian Raarderhim, a compound of the toponym Raerd and him (“polder”).


Skarsterlân

Borrowed from West Frisian Skarsterlân, a compound of skar (“communal pasture”) and lân (“land”).


Tjum

Borrowed from an archaic variant of the toponym West Frisian Tsjom.


Utingeradeel

Borrowed from West Frisian Utingeradiel.


Wonseradeel

Borrowed from West Frisian Wûnseradiel, a compound of the toponym Wûns and diel (“district, rural administrative area”).


Wymbritseradeel

Borrowed from West Frisian Wymbritseradiel, a compound of the toponym Wymbrits and diel (“district, rural administrative area”).


Waadhoeke

Borrowed from West Frisian De Waadhoeke, a compound of Waad (“Wadden Sea”) and hoeke (“corner”).

Meronyms: Achlum, Arkens, Barrum, Baijum, Beetgum, Beetgumermolen, Berlikum, Blessum, Boer, Boksum, Bonkwerd, Deinum, De Kampen, De Poelen, De Vlaren, Dijkshoek, Dijksterhuizen, Doijum, Dongjum, Dronrijp, Engelum, Fatum, Firdgum, Franeker, Franjumerburen, Hatsum, Herbaijum, Het Hooghout, Hitzum, Holprijp, Kie, Kiesterzijl, Kingmatille, Klooster Anjum, Klooster-Lidlum, Koehool, Koum, Laakwerd, Lutjelollum, Marssum, Menaldum, Miedum, Minnertsga, Nieuwebildtzijl, Nij Altoenae, Oosterbierum, Oosterend, Oosthoek, Oudebildtzijl, Peins, Pietersbierum, Ried, Ritsumazijl, Roptazijl, Salverd, Schalsum, Schelum, Schingen, Sexbierum, Sint Annaparochie, Sint Jacobiparochie, Slappeterp, Sopsum, Spannum, Stad Niks, Tallum, Teetlum, Tjeppenboer, Tolsum, Tritzum, Tzum, Tzummarum, Vrouwbuurtstermolen, Vrouwenparochie, War, Weakens, Welsrijp, Westerend, Westhoek, Wier, Winsum, Zwarte Haan, Zweins

A municipality of Friesland, Netherlands


Noordoost-Friesland

Calque of West Frisian Noardeast-Fryslân, a compound of noardeast (“northeast”) and Fryslân (“Frisia”).

clq

Meronyms: Aalsum, Abbewier, Anjum, Augsbuurt, Beintemahuis, Betterwird, Birdaard, Blija, Bollingawier, Bonte Hond, Bornwird, Bornwirdhuizen, Boteburen, Brandeburen, Brantgum, Burum, De Dellen, De Keegen, De Kolk, De Leegte, De Rijp, De Schans, De Wirden, Dijkshorne, Dokkum, Dokkumer Nieuwe Zijlen, Drieboerehuizen, Ee, Engwierum, Ezumazijl, Ferwerd, Foudgum, Galilea, Genum, Groot Medhuizen, Halfweg, Hallum, Hallumerhoek, Hanenburg, Hantum, Hantumerhoek, Hantumeruitburen, Hantumhuizen, Hiaure, Hogebeintum, Holwerd, Huis ter Noord, It Paradyske, Janum, Jislum, Jouswier, Kettingwier, Klein Medhuizen, Kletterbuurt, Kollum, Kollumeroudzijl, Kollumerpomp, Kollumerzwaag, Krabburen, Laagland, Lichtaard, Lioessens, Lutkelaard, Lutkewier, Marrum, Metslawier, Moddergat, Molenbuurt, Morra, Munnekezijl, Nes, Niawier, Nieuwland, Oosterbeintum, Oosternijkerk, Oostmahorn, Oostrum, Oudterp, Oudwoude, Oudwouderzijlen, Paesens, Raard, Reidswal, Reitsum, Scharnehuizen, Sibrandahuis, Steenharst, Steenvak, Stiem, Teerd, Teijeburen, Tergracht, Ter Lune, Ternaard, Tibma, Tilburen, Tiltjeburen, Triemen, 't Schoor, Vaardeburen, Veenklooster, Veldburen, Vijfhuizen, Visbuurt, Waaxens, Wanswerd, Warfstermolen, Weerdeburen, Westerburen, Westergeest, Westernijkerk, Wetsens, Wie, Wierum, Wijgeest, Zandbulten, Zevenhuizen, Zwagerbosch

Noardeast-Fryslân (a municipality of Friesland, Netherlands)


Augustinusga

First attested as parrochia beati Augustini around 1240. Calque of West Frisian Stynsgea, a compound of the name of Saint Augustine and ga (“village, village area”).

A village and former municipality of Achtkarspelen, Friesland, Netherlands


Boelenslaan

First attested as Boelenslaan in 1899. Compound of Boelens (a surname) and laan (“lane”). Named after the road which the village sprang up around.

A village in Achtkarspelen, Friesland, Netherlands


Drogeham

/ˈdroː.ɣəˌɦɑm/

First attested as asterham and drogheham in 1475. Calque of West Frisian Droegeham, a compound of Old Frisian droech (“dry”) and ham (“alluvial land in the bend of a river”).


Gerkesklooster

First attested as wigarathorpe in 1240. Calque of West Frisian Gerkeskleaster, a compound of Gerke (a personal name) and kleaster (“monastery”), a reference to a former Cistercian monastery founded by landowner Gerke Harkema. Originally a compound of Old Frisian Wigar (a personal name) and thorp (“farmstead, subsidiary settlement”).


Harkema

First attested as Opeyndt in 1530. Originally derived from a compound of West Frisian op (“up, upper”) and end (“end, edge”). The village was eventually renamed in 1972 to the surname of its initial owner, the magnate Buwe Harkema.


Kootstertille

First attested as tille in 1508. Calque of West Frisian Koatstertille, a compound of the toponym De Koaten and tille (“fixed bridge”).


Stroobos

First attested as Strobus around 1660. Derived from strobos (“bale of straw”). Apparently named after a stack of straw used by canal labourers to shelter from rain. Alternatively, the toponym may refer to an old inn. Compare Stroodorp, Stroodorpe, Strooiendorp and Strooienstad.


Surhuisterveen

First attested as Surhustera feen in 1603. Calque of West Frisian Surhústerfean, a compound of the toponym Surhuzum and fean (“peat bog, marsh”).


Surhuizum

First attested as sutherhusum in 1224. Borrowed from West Frisian Surhuzum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian sūthar (“southern, south-”) and the dative plural form of hūs (“house”).


Twijzel

First attested as twislum around 1240. Borrowed from West Frisian Twizel, derived in turn from an Old Frisian term meaning "crossroads" (compare Old English *twisel (“split”) and Old High German zwisila (“forked branch”)).


Twijzelerheide

First attested as heyde in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Twizelerheide, a compound of the toponym Twizel and heide (“heath, heathland”).


Barghiem

A hamlet in Achtkarspelen, Friesland, Netherlands


Blauwhuis

* (Súdwest-Fryslân) First attested as t Blauw Huys in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Blauhûs, a compound of blau (“blue”) and hûs (“house”). Named after a water board tax office with conspicuous blue roof tiles; these were a rare sight due to their high cost. Compare Roodhuis.
* (Achtkarspelen) Calque of West Frisian Blauhûs, a compound of blau (“blue”) and hûs (“house”). Named after a house with blue roof tiles, a rare sight due to their high cost.

A village in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Blauwverlaat

First attested as Blaauw Verlaat in 1844. Compound of blauw (“blue”) and verlaat (“culvert”). Named after a nearby culvert.


Buwetille

Calque of West Frisian Bouwetille, a compound of Buwe (a personal name) and tille (“fixed bridge”). Named after landowner Buwe Harkema.


Buweklooster

First attested as conventus buonis in 1408. Calque of West Frisian Bouwekleaster, a compound of Buwe (a personal name) and kleaster (“monastery”). Named after a former monastery founded by landowner Buwe Harkema.


De Kooten

Borrowed from West Frisian De Koaten, derived in turn from the plural form of kot (“cottage, shack”).


De Laatste Stuiver

First attested as de Stuiver in 1844. Derived from laatst (“last”) and stuiver (“stiver”). Likely named after a former inn.


Gerben Allesverlaat

Compound of Gerben (a personal name), Alles (a surname) and verlaat (“culvert”). Named after a culvert named after its first operator, Gerben Alles.


Hamsterpein

Borrowed from West Frisian De Hamsterpein, a contracted compound of the toponym Droegeham, op (“up-, upper”) and ein (“end”).


Hamshorn

First attested as Hams Horn in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian Hamsherne, a compound of the toponym Droegeham and herne (“protruding bend, corner of a levee”).


Hiltjemoeiswouden

Calque of West Frisian Hiltsjemuoiswâlden, a compound of Hiltsje (a personal name), moei and the plural form of wâld (“forest”). The hamlet is named after Hiltje Gerrits Plantinga, the wife of a local farmer.


Jachtveld

Calque of West Frisian It Jachtfjild, derived in turn from jachtfjild (“hunting field”).


Kortwoude

First attested as Cortwold in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Koartwâlde, a compound of koart (“short”) and wâld (“forest”).


Lutkepost

Potentially attested as post in 1388, attested with certainty as lutkepost in 1472. Calque of West Frisian Lytsepost, a compound of Old Frisian lītik (“small”) and post (“simple bridge, gangboard across a ditch”). The element luttel was added to distinguish the settlement from Buitenpost.


Monniketille

Calque of West Frisian Mûntsetille, a compound of mûnts (“monk”) and tille (“fixed bridge”). Named after a bridge used by monks from one of the monasteries of Achtkarspelen.


Ophuis

First attested as Ophuijs in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Ophûs, a compound of op (“up-, elevated”) and hûs (“house”).


Opperkooten

Calque of West Frisian Opperkoaten, a compound of opper (“upper, up-”) and the toponym De Koaten.


Rohel

* (De Fryske Marren) First attested as toe delffster nijegae in 1507. Calque of West Frisian Reahel, a compound of read (“red”) and hel (“slope, incline”), here referring to a turf pile.
* (Achtkarspelen) First attested as Rohel in 1632. Calque of West Frisian Reahel, which in turn is potentially derived from a compound of read (“red”) and hel (“slope, incline”) or hol (“low-lying swampland”).

De Fryske Marren
De Fryske Marren#English

A village in De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands


Roodeschuur

First attested as Rode Schuir in 1664. Compound of rood (“red”) and schuur (“barn”). Presumably named after a building with a red tile roof or built out of red bricks.


Surhuizumer Mieden

Calque of West Frisian Surhuzumer Mieden, derived in turn from the toponym Surhuzum and the plural form of miede (“pasture”).


Uitland

Calque of West Frisian It Utlân, a compound of út (“out-, outer”) and lân (“land”). Originally the name of a polder.


Westerend

* (Achtkarspelen) Calque of West Frisian Westerein, a compound of wester- (“western, west-”) and ein (“end”).
* (Waadhoeke) Calque of West Frisian Westerein, a compound of wester- (“western, west-”) and ein (“end”). The toponym contrasts with Oosterend.


Wildpad

Calque of West Frisian It Wyldpaed, a compound of wyld (“wild”) and paad (“path”). The hamlet was named for the overgrown heathland surrounding it.


Wildveld

Calque of West Frisian It Wyldfjild, a compound of wyld (“wild”) and fjild (“field”). The hamlet was named after the overgrown heathland surrounding it.


Noardeast-Fryslân

Borrowed from West Frisian Noardeast-Fryslân, a compound of noardeast (“northeast”) and Fryslân (“Frisia”).


Augsbuurt

First attested as aeltsbuur in the 15th century. Potentially a compound of Old Frisian Alder (a personal name) and buur (“house, cottage”). The Dutch toponym is derived from an older Frisian name for the settlement: its current (official) Frisian name is Lytsewâld.

A village in Noardeast-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Birdaard

Potentially attested as breitenfurt in 944, attested with certainty as berdawird in 1417. Borrowed from West Frisian Burdaard, derived in turn from a compound of either Old Frisian bird (“shore, edge”) or brēd (“broad, wide”) and uurð (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Blija

First attested as blitha in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Blije, derived in turn from a hydronym cognate to English blithe or, alternatively, from a compound of Old Frisian blij (“silt”) and hem (“village”). Compare Blijham.

A village and former municipality of Noardeast-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Bornwird

Potentially attested as bonfurt and bonewirt in 825-842, attested with certainty as brunnenuurt in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Boarnwert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian brun (“source, small watercourse”) and uurt (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Brantgum

First attested as brontegum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Brantgum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Brant (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and hem (“home, settlement”). Compare Mantgum and Tjeintgum.


Engwierum

/ɛŋˈʋiː.rʏm/

First attested as edygwerum in 1447. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Ede (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch version of the toponym is derived from an older form of the Frisian name.


Ferwerd

First attested as fatruwerde between 819 and 825. Borrowed from West Frisian Ferwert, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian werth (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Feerwerd and Fedderwarden.


Foudgum

Potentially attested as fotdenheim [read: foldenheim] in 944, attested with certainty as foldeghum in 1422. Borrowed from West Frisian Foudgum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Foldo (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Feerwerd

First attested as federwrt and federfurt around 820. Derived from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian wrt (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). The first element may be Old Frisian Feder (a personal name). Compare Ferwerd and Fedderwarden.
See also Dutch Low Saxon Fiwwerd.

A village in Westerkwartier, Groningen, Netherlands


Genum

First attested as ghenim in 1397. Likely derived from a compound of Old Frisian *Gene (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”). The Dutch form of the toponym is derived from an earlier form of the Frisian name.


Hantum

First attested as hanaten in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Hantum, a toponym of unknown etymology. Potentially derived from an ancient hydronym or from a term cognate to Transalpine Gaulish cant (“white”). Compare Kantens and Cantaing-sur-Mer.

unk

unknown


Hantumeruitburen

FIrst attested as Berum in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Hantumer Utbuorren, derived from the toponym Hantum and a compound of ut (“out-, outer”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”). Originally derived from the dative plural form of Old Frisian bêre (“barn, house”).


Hantumhuizen

First attested as hontumhusum in the 13th century. Calque of West Frisian Hantumhuzen, a compound of the toponym Hantum and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Hiaure

Potentially attested as jeure in 1230, attested with certainty as hiouren in 1459. Etymology unknown. Potentially cognate with West Frisian hjouwer (“oat (Avena sativa)”) or, alternatively, derived from a prehistoric hydronym. Compare De Joere, Joure and De Jouwer.

unk

unknown


Hogebeintum

First attested as bintheim in 819-825. Borrowed from West Frisian Hegebeintum, derived in turn from a compound of heech (“high, elevated”), Old Frisian bint (“moor grass, Molinia sp.”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Holwerd

First attested as holeuurt in the first half of the 11th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Holwert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian hole (“pit”) or hol (“low-lying, swampy”) and uurt (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Helhuizen, Hell, Helwerd and Hulhuizen.


Janum

First attested as Jawnum in 1506. Borrowed from West Frisian Jannum, which may derive from a compound of Old Frisian Iwe (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”). The first element is unlikely to be Jan, as Christian names were introduced to Frisian in a time when the hēm element was no longer productive in toponyms. Compare Driesum and Hanssum.


Jislum

First attested as gisleheim in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Jislum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Gisilo (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Jouswier

First attested as juusweer in 1495. Borrowed from West Frisian Jouswier, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Jou (a personal name) or Jouwe and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Jousterp and Jouswerd.


Kollum

First attested as colleheim around 822-825. Borrowed from West Frisian Kollum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Kolle (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Kollumerpomp

First attested as de Pomp in 1786. Compound of the toponym Kollum and pomp (“culvert”).


Kollumerzwaag

First attested as zwaech in 1444. Calque of West Frisian Kollumersweach, a compound of the toponym Kollum and Old Frisian swâg (“pasture, land where cattle is kept”).


Lichtaard

First attested as lihdanfurt in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Lichtaard, derived in turn from a compound of Proto-Germanic *leuhtan- (“light, bright”) (potentially referring to the soil or vegetation near the settlement) and Old Frisian wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Lioessens

First attested as luscens in 1401. Borrowed from West Frisian Ljussens, derived in turn form a familiar form of Old Frisian Liutfrid (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Marrum

First attested as mereheim and merheim in 825-842. Borrowed from West Frisian Marrum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian mere (“pool”) and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Marum, Mareham le Fen and Mareham on the Hill.


Metslawier

First attested as mitzlawere in 1417. Borrowed from West Frisian Mitselwier, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian *Matsila (a personal name) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Munnekezijl

First attested as Monicken nyem szyl in 1510. Compound of monnik (“monk”) and zijl (“discharge sluice”). Named after a sluice constructed by monks from Gerkesklooster.


Moddergat

First attested as Modde gat in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Moddergat, a compound of modder (“mud”) and gat (“mouth of a creek, pool”).


Niawier

First attested as nyaweer in 1467. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian nia (“new”) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym is derived from an earlier version of the Frisian name.


Oosternijkerk

First attested as nova ecclesia in 1224. Calque of West Frisian Easternijtsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian nija (“new”) and tzercka (“church”). The element easter (“eastern, east-”) was added later to distinguish the settlement from Westernijkerk.


Westernijkerk

First attested as nova ecclesia in 1224. Calque of West Frisian Westernijtsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian nija (“new”) and tzercka (“church”). The element wester (“western, west-”) was added later to distinguish the settlement from Oosternijkerk.

A hamlet in Noardeast-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Oostmahorn

First attested as Oesmehorne and Oestmehorne in 1543. Compound of an otherwise unknown toponym *Oostum (derived in turn from Old Frisian āst (“east-, eastern”) and hēm (“home, settlement”)) and hern (“corner of a levee”). The Dutch version of the toponym derives from a superseded Frisian name; the current Frisian toponym refers to a former sconce.


Oudwoude

/ɑu̯tˈʋɑu̯.də/

First attested as oldewolde in 1444. Calque of West Frisian Aldwâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”) and wâld (“forest”).


Paesens

First attested as pazene wal in 1415. Borrowed from West Frisian Peazens, derived in turn from a hydronym of unknown etymology.

unk

unknown


Raard

Potentially attested as ruonwerde in the second half of the 9th century, attested with certainty as rawerth in 1369. Borrowed from West Frisian Raard. If the oldest attestation does in fact refer to the current settlement, a derivation from a compound of Old Frisian Runo (a personal name) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”) is possible. If the oldest attestation does not refer to the current settlement, a derivation from Proto-Germanic *hriad (“reed”) and werd is possible. Compare Rauwerd.


Reitsum

First attested as richeim in 822-825. Borrowed from West Frisian Reitsum, in turn derived from a compound of a variant of Old Frisian Reitse (a personal name) or Proto-Germanic *rîkja- (“powerful, mighty”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Ternaard

First attested as tunuwerde around 819-825. Borrowed from West Frisian Ternaard. Originally a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian werd (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). The toponym was gradually reinterpreted to a compound of an inflected form of te (“at”) and aard (“farmland”).


Triemen

First attested as trema in 1467. Borrowed from West Frisian De Trieme, derived in turn from Old Frisian *trame (“beam, gangboard across a body of water”).


Veenklooster

First attested as da conuent to faen in 1446. Calque of West Frisian Feankleaster, a compound of Old Frisian fene (“peat bog, marsh”) and klāster (“monastery”). Named after a former monastery.


Waaxens

* (Noardeast-Fryslân) First attested as wacheringe [read: wachesinge] around 825-842. Borrowed from West Frisian Waaksens, derived in turn from Old Frisian Wachsa (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.
* (Súdwest-Fryslân) First attested as waxlinghe in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Waaksens, derived in turn from either the full or familiar form of Old Frisian Wachsa (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Wanswerd

First attested as wandelswert in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Wânswert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Wandilo (a personal name) and wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Warfstermolen

First attested as wyntmolen staende op de dyk by de Warff in 1574. Compound of Dutch Low Saxon warf (“artificial mound used for habitation”) and molen (“mill”).


Westergeest

* (Friesland) First attested as ghaest around 1333. Calque of West Frisian Westergeast, derived in turn from a compound of wester (“western, west-”) and Old Frisian gast (“elevated sandy land”). The element wester was added to distinguish the settlement from Wijgeest.
* (Noord-Holland) First attested as Westegeest in 1562. Compound of wester (“western”) and geest (“elevated sandy land”). Named after a polder.

A hamlet in Texel, North Holland, Netherlands


Wetsens

First attested as witzenser therpe in 1417. Borrowed from West Frisian Wetsens, derived in turn from Old Frisian Wirki (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. Compare Wetsinge.


Zwagerbosch

First attested as het Bosch in 1861. Calque of West Frisian Sweagerbosk, a compound of the toponym Kollumersweach and bosk (“forest”).


't Schoor

First attested as Schoor in 1664. Calque of West Frisian It Skoar, derived from skoar (“shore”).


Abbewier

/ˈɑ.bəˌʋiːr/

First attested as Tzijaewijer in 1511. Compound of West Frisian Abbe (a personal name) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The official Frisian name of the settlement derives from an older name of the hamlet.


Beintemahuis

First attested as Banthiema Huys in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Beintemahûs, a compound of Beintema (a surname) and hûs (“house”). Named after a manor.


Betterwird

First attested as betterwird in 1387. Calque of West Frisian Betterwurd, derived in turn from a compound of a personal name or Old Frisian betera (“better”) and wirdt (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Bollingawier

/ˈbɔ.lɪŋ.ɣaːˌʋiːr/

Potentially attested as orlinguerba around 825-842, attested with certainty as bollingaweer in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian Bollingwier, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Bolle (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Bonte Hond

Derived from bont (“bruised”) and hond (“dog”), as an allusion to the proverb als de bonte hond bekend staan. Originally the name of an inn.


Bornwirdhuizen

First attested as Bornwerderhuijsen in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Boarnwerthuzen, a compound of the toponym Boarnwert and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Boteburen

First attested as Boteburen in 1853. Calque of West Frisian Boatebuorren, a compound of Bote (a personal name) or Boate and the plural form of buer (“home, cottage”). Potentially named after a former inhabitant.


De Keegen

First attested as De Keegen in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian De Kegen, derived from the plural form of keeg (“land next to water, land located outside a levee”).


De Leegte

First attested as De Leegte in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian De Leechte, derived from leech (“low-lying land which floods in winter”) or leegte (“lowland”).


De Rijp

* (Noord-Holland) First attested as ripe in 1346. Derived from Middle Dutch ripe (“edge, bank”).
* (Friesland) First attested as op da rijpp in 1472. Calque of West Frisian De Ryp, derived from ryp (“edge, bank”).

A village and former municipality of Alkmaar, North Holland, Netherlands


De Wirden

First attested as Worden in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian De Wurden, derived in turn from the plural form of Old Frisian wurt (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Dijkshorne

First attested as in da dijcks herna in 1452. Calque of West Frisian Dykshoarne, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian dīk (“levee”) and hern (“corner, bend”).


Dokkumer Nieuwe Zijlen

First attested in the 18th century. Derived from the toponym Dokkum, nieuw (“new”) and the plural form of zijl (“discharge sluice”). Named after a nearby set of sluices.


Drieboerehuizen

First attested as Drieboerehuizen in 1986. Calque of West Frisian Trijeboerehuzen, a compound of trije (“three”) and the plural form of boerehûs (“farmhouse”). Named after three farmhouses.


Ezumazijl

First attested as esmerzijl in 1422. Calque of West Frisian Iesumasyl, derived in turn from a compound of the toponym Eesum and Old Frisian sîl (“discharge sluice”).


Groot Medhuizen

First attested as mydhusum in 1491. Calque of West Frisian Grut Midhuzen, derived from grut (“great, big”) and a compound of Old Frisian mid (“mid-, middle”) and the plural form of hūs (“house”). The element groot was added to distinguish the settlement from Klein Medhuizen.


Klein Medhuizen

First attested as Cl. Medhuysen in 1491. Calque of West Frisian Lyts Midhuzen, derived from lyts (“small, little”) and a compound of Old Frisian mid (“mid-, middle”) and the plural form of hūs (“house”). The element klein was added to distinguish the settlement from Groot Medhuizen.


Hallumerhoek

First attested in the 18th century. Calque of West Frisian Hallumerhoeke, a compound of the toponym Hallum and hoeke (“corner”). The settlement was named for its location near a corner of two roads.


Hantumerhoek

Calque of West Frisian Hantumerhoeke, a compound of the toponym Hantum and hoeke (“corner”). The settlement was named for its location next to a crossroads.


Huis ter Noord

Calque of West Frisian Hústernoard, a compound of hûs (“house”), te (“at”) and noard (“north”). The toponym might have originally referred to a house located north of the Fogelsanghstate estate.


It Paradyske

Borrowed from West Frisian It Paradyske, derived from a diminutive form of paradys (“paradise”).


Kettingwier

/ˈkɛ.tɪŋˌʋiːr/

First attested as Katnye wierd in 1503. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian *Kattinga (a surname) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The current Frisian form of the toponym derives from a reinterpretation of the first element.


Kletterbuurt

Calque of West Frisian Kletterbuorren, a compound of either kletter (“aspen, Populus tremula”) or klater (“soggy mud”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”). Compare Kladde, Klaterbuurt, Klatering, Kleuter and Klundert.


Kollumeroudzijl

Calque of West Frisian Kollumer Aldsyl, derived from the toponym Kollum and a compound of âld (“old”) and syl (“discharge sluice”).


Krabburen

First attested as Krabburen in 1899. Calque of West Frisian Krabbuorren, a compound of krab (“crab”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Laagland

Calque of West Frisian Leechlân, derived from leechlân (“lowland”).


Lutkelaard

Potentially attested in the 9th century as lanfurt, attested with certainty as Littzie laert in 1511. West Frisian Lytse Leard, derived in turn from lyts (“small, little”) and an unclear second element.


Lutkewier

First attested as lithiaweer in 1481. Borrowed from West Frisian Lytse Weer, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian lithia (“little, small”) and weer (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Oosterbeintum

First attested as osterbinehheim in 944. Calque of West Frisian Easterbeintum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian aster (“eastern, east-”), bint (“moor grass, Molinia sp.”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Oudterp

First attested as older torp and alderterp in the 16th century. Calque of West Frisian Ald Terp, derived from âld (“old”) and terp (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Oudwouderzijlen

Calque of West Frisian Aldwâldmersyl, derived from a compound of the toponym Aldwâld and syl (“discharge sluice”).


Reidswal

First attested as De Reijdswal in 1680. Calque of West Frisian De Reidswâl, derived in turn from a compound of the hydronym Reid and wâl (“embankment wall”).


Scharnehuizen

First attested in 1479. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Scher (a personal name) or Schern and the plural form of hūs (“house”).


Sibrandahuis

First attested as Sijbranda Huyijs in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Sibrandahûs, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Sibrand (a personal name) and hūs (“house”).


Steenharst

First attested in 1479. Calque of West Frisian Stienharst, a compound of Old Frisian stēn (“stone”) and harst (“overgrown elevated place”). Originally the name of a fortified house.


Steenvak

First attested as int Steenback in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Stienfek, derived in turn from stienfek (“area of a levee filled up with stones around which ground has been excavated”).


Stiem

First attested as Steem in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian Stiem, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian sted (“place, city”). Compare Stedum.


Teerd

First attested as Taert in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian Teard, potentially derived in turn from a personal name and Old Frisian werd (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Kaard and Tjaard.


Teijeburen

First attested as Teijebuurt in 1899. Calque of West Frisian Teiebuorren, derived from a compound of Teije (a personal name) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Tergracht

First attested as Greft in 1508. Calque of West Frisian Tergrêft, derived from a compound of an inflected form of te (“at”) and Old Frisian greft (“excavated canal”).


Ter Lune

First attested as Ter Luyne in 1664. Borrowed from West Frisian Ter Lune.


Tibma

First attested as tippencheim around 822-856. Derived from West Frisian Tibbema (a surname). The current Frisian form of the toponym is derived from a significantly older variant.


Tilburen

First attested as Tilbuyren in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Tilbuorren, a compound of tille (“fixed bridge”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Tiltjeburen

Calque of West Frisian Tiltsjebuorren, a compound of a diminutive form of tille (“fixed bridge”) and the plural form of buer (“home, cottage”).


Vaardeburen

First attested as oeffaerdra buren in the 15th century. Calque of West Frisian Farebuorren, a compound of the otherwise unknown toponym *Oeffaerd and the plural form of Old Frisian buer (“house, barn”).


Veldburen

Calque of West Frisian Fjildbuorren, a compound of fjild (“field, area not in cultivation”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Visbuurt

* (Friesland) First attested as Fesckbueren and Vischburen in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Fiskbuorren, a compound of fisker (“fisherman”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).
* (Noord-Holland) Compound of vis (“fish”) and buurt (“neighbourhood, quarter”). The majority of the neighbourhood's early inhabitants were fishermen.

A neighbourhood of Den Helder, North Holland, Netherlands


Weerdeburen

First attested as Werderbuiren in 1572. Calque of West Frisian Weardebuorren, a compound of Old Frisian weerd (“artificial mound used for habitation”) and the plural form of buer (“house, barn”).


Westerburen

Calque of West Frisian Westerbuorren, a compound of wester (“western, west-”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Wijgeest

First attested as wygast in 1470. Calque of West Frisian De Wigeast, a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian gast (“elevated sandy land”). The element wij was added to distinguish the settlement from Westergeest.


Zandbulten

First attested as ZANDBULTEN in 1851. Calque of West Frisian Sânbulten, a compound of sân (“sand”) and the plural form of bult (“slightly elevated place”).


Damwoude

First attested as dointhimwalde in 1369. Calque of West Frisian Damwâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Dantuma (a surname) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).

A village in Dantumadiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Zwaagwesteinde

First attested as Westereynde in 1503. Compound of the toponym Kollumerzwaag, west (“west-, western”) and einde (“end”).


Veenwouden

First attested as mynen faen vp da walda in 1439. Calque of West Frisian Feanwâlden, a compound of Old Frisian fene (“peat bog, marsh”) and the plural form of wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). The settlement was formed through the fusion of the villages of Sint Johanniswoud and Eslawoud.

A village and former municipality of Dantumadiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Broeksterwoude

First attested as De Broek in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Broeksterwâld, a compound of the toponym Broek and wâld (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).


Rinsumageest

First attested as ringesheim around 825-842. Calque of West Frisian Rinsumageast, a compound of the toponym Old Frisian Ringesheim and gast (“elevated sandy land”).


Wouterswoude

/ˌʋɑu̯.tərsˈʋɑu̯.də/

First attested as Walters wald in 1482. Calque of West Frisian Wâlterswâld, a compound of Old Frisian Walter (a personal name) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).


Driesum

First attested as dresem in 1486-1487. Borrowed from West Frisian Driezum, potentially derived from a compound of Old Frisian Dries (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”). This etymology, however, would make the toponym highly anomalous: Christian names were introduced to Frisia in a time when the hēm element was no longer productive in toponyms. Compare Hanssum and Janum.


De Valom

First attested as Vall-om in 1664. Borrowed from West Frisian De Falom, derived in turn from falom (“ramshackle building”).


Roodkerk

First attested as rada tzerka in 1421. Calque of West Frisian Readtsjerk, a compound of Old Frisian rada (“red”) and tzercka (“church”). Named after a redbrick church dedicated to Saint Martin.


Sijbrandahuis

First attested as Sybrandahuys in 1511. Calque of West Frisian Sibrandahûs, a compound of Sibrand (a personal name) and hûs (“house”).


Kuikhorne

First attested as Kuykhorne and Kuckhorne in 1503. Borrowed from West Frisian Kûkherne, a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian horne (“corner of a levee”).

A hamlet in Dantumadiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Oostwoud

* (Noord-Holland) First attested as oestenwoude in 1312. Compound of Middle Dutch oost (“east-, eastern”) and wout (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). The settlement is located to the east of Midwoud and Nibbixwoud.
* (Friesland) Attested as Oestwoldt in 1543. Calque of West Frisian Eastwâld, a compound of east (“east-, eastern”) and wâld (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).

A village in Medemblik, North Holland, Netherlands


Dantumawoude

First attested as dointhimwalde in 1369. Calque of West Frisian Dantumawâld, a compound of Old Frisian Dantuma (a surname) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). Fused in 1971 with Akkerwoude and Murmerwoude to form Damwoude.

A former village and former municipality of Dantumadiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Oostermeer

First attested as oestmeer in 1447. Calque of West Frisian Eastermar, a compound of Old Frisian āster (“eastern, east-”) and mar (“lake”).

A village and former municipality of Tytsjerksteradiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Eernewoude

First attested as eerndwaud in 1471. Borrowed from West Frisian Earnewâld, derived from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”). The first element may be a personal name.

A village in Tytsjerksteradiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Eestrum

First attested as esten in 1419. Borrowed from an earlier form of West Frisian Jistrum, a toponym of unknown origin. Compare Eesterga.

unk

unknown


Garijp

First attested as garipe in 1325-1336. Borrowed from West Frisian Garyp, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian gâ (“village, village area”) and ripe (“edge, bank”).


Giekerk

First attested as ghetzercka in 1242. Borrowed from West Frisian Gytsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Gye (a personal name) and tzercka (“church”).


Hardegarijp

First attested as herdegaryp in 1401. Borrowed from West Frisian Hurdegaryp, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian ripe (“edge, bank”).


Molenend

First attested as Moleneind in 1861. Calque of West Frisian Mûnein, a compound of mûne (“mill”) and ein (“end”). Named after a former windmill.


Noordbergum

First attested as Bergumer heide in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Noardburgum, a compound of noard (“north-, northern”) and the toponym Burgum.


Oenkerk

First attested as ontzerka in 1408. Borrowed from West Frisian Oentsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Oene (a personal name) and tzercka (“church”).


Oudkerk

First attested as aldakerka in 1421. Calque of West Frisian Aldtsjerk, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian alda (“old”) and tzercka (“church”).


Rijperkerk

First attested as ripikerka in 1314. Calque of West Frisian Ryptsjerk, derived from a compound of the toponym Hurdegaryp and Old Frisian tzercka (“church”).


Suameer

First attested as suwamer and van suudmerra in 1453. Borrowed from West Frisian Sumar, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian sūth (“south-, southern”) and mar (“lake, pool”).


Suawoude

First attested as suwald in 1481. Borrowed from West Frisian Suwâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian sūth (“south-, southern”) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).


Veenwoudsterwal

First attested as Diepswal in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Feanwâldsterwâl, a compound of the toponym Feanwâlden and wâl (“levee, embankment wall”).


Wijns

Potentially attested as weingi in 944, attested with certainty as winenge in 1224. Borrowed from West Frisian Wyns, derived in turn from Old Frisian Wago (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


De Joere

First attested as de jouwer in 1448. Etymology uncertain. Compare Hiaure, Joure and De Jouwer.

A hamlet in Tytsjerksteradiel, Friesland, Netherlands


Giekerkerhoek

Calque of West Frisian Gytsjerksterhoeke, a compound of the toponym Gytsjerk and hoeke (“corner”).


Hoogzand

First attested as Hoogzand in 1847. Calque of West Frisian It Heechsân, a compound of heech (“high, elevated”) and sân (“sand”).


Iniaheide

First attested as Lutke Inia in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Iniaheide, a compound of Inia (a surname) and heide (“heath, heathland”).


Kleinegeest

First attested as Lutke Geest in 1543. Calque of West Frisian De Lytse Geast, derived from lyts (“small, little”) and geast (“elevated sandy land”).


Noordermeer

* (Friesland) First attested as nordameer and nordamer in 1432. Calque of West Frisian Noardermar, derived from a compound of Old Frisian north (“north-, northern”) and mar (“lake”).
* (Noord-Holland) First attested as Noore meer in 1575. Compound of noord (“north-, northern”) and meer (“lake”). The toponym contrasts with Zuidermeer.

A hamlet in Koggenland, North Holland, Netherlands


Quatrebras

First attested as Quatrebras sometime after 1864. Derived from French quatre bras (“crossroads”). Originally the name of an inn, which was named as a double reference to its location at a crossroads as well as to Les Quatre Bras near Genappe in Belgium, where William II of Orange repulsed a French attack the day before the Battle of Waterloo on June 16 1815.


Siegerswoude

* (Opsterland) First attested as sigerwolde in 1315. Calque of West Frisian Sigerswâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Sieger (a personal name) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).
* (Tytsjerksteradiel) First attested as sigherswold in 1484. Calque of West Frisian Sigerswâld, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Sieger (a personal name) and wald (“marsh forest, swamp forest”).

A village in Opsterland, Friesland, Netherlands


Suameerderheide

Calque of West Frisian Sumarreheide, a compound of the toponym Sumar and heide (“heath, heathland”).


Witveen

First attested as opt Witte feenen in 1543. Calque of West Frisian It Wytfean, a compound of wyt (“white”) and fean (“peat bog, marsh”). Compare Witteveen.


Zwartewegsend

First attested as Zwartewegsend in 1847. Calque of West Frisian Swarteweisein, a compound of swart (“black”), wei (“way, road”) and ein (“end”). Originally the name of an inn. Named after a nearby road.


Bartlehiem

First attested as Bethlehem in 1232. Derived from Bethlehem, the name of a former Premonstratensian nunnery. The toponym was gradually reinterpreted to a compound of West Frisian Bartle (a personal name) and hiem (“home”).


Baard

First attested as bauwert in 1325. Borrowed from West Frisian Baard, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Bavo (a personal name) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).

A village in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Oosterlittens

Potentially attested as lechinke [read: lethinge] in the second half of the 13th century, attested with certainty as aesterletzenze in 1402. Borrowed from West Frisian Easterlittens, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian āsta (“east-, eastern”) and either Lêta (a personal name) or *leta (“watercourse”) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. The element easter was added to distinguish the settlement from Westerlittens.


Hijlaard

First attested as elawerth in 1329. Borrowed from West Frisian Hilaard, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Ele (a personal name) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Huins

First attested as hunenghe in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Húns, derived in turn from Old Frisian Huno (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Jellum

First attested as helmum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Jellum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Helm (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Jorwerd

First attested as everwerth in 1221. Borrowed from West Frisian Jorwert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Ever (a personal name) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).

A village and former municipality of Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Mantgum

First attested as mantingum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Mantgum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Mante (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Brantgum, Mantinge and Tjeintgum.


Weidum

First attested as wedum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Weidum, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian *wēth (“pasture”).


Hezens

First attested as hessens in 1417. Borrowed from West Frisian Hesens, derived in turn from Hesens (a surname).

A hamlet in Leeuwarden, Friesland, Netherlands


Hoptille

/ˈɦɔpˌtɪ.lə/

First attested as Hoptilla in 1511. Borrowed from West Frisian Hoptille, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and tille (“fixed bridge”). The first element may be hoppe (“dry or nearly dry inlet”).


Schillaard

First attested as scallaert in 1445. Borrowed from West Frisian Skillaerd, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian schil (“seashell”) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Schrins

First attested as scrinze in 1446. Borrowed from West Frisian Skrins, of unknown etymology. Possibly derived from Old Frisian skerd (“notch”) or *Skarde (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. Compare Scarcliff.

unk

unknown


Tjeintgum

First attested as szyntinge in 1329. Borrowed from West Frisian Tsjeintgum, derived in turn from Old Frisian *Szynta (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Brantgum and Mantgum.


Wammerd

First attested as wammert in 1493. Borrowed from West Frisian Wammert, potentially derived in turn from Old Frisian Wamme (a personal name) or wan (“bad, poor”) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Wieuwens

Potentially attested as wijbens in 1504, attested with certainty as Wieuwens of Sprong in 1844. If the oldest attestation refers to the current settlement, a derivation from West Frisian Wibe (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ens is possible. If the oldest attestation does not refer to the current settlement, a derivation from Old Frisian Wieu (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- is possible.


Friens

First attested as frenigge in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Friens, derived in turn from Old Frisian Frana (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-.


Grouw

First attested as de growe in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Grou, derived in turn from a hydronym derived from Old Frisian growe (“gully”).


Idaard

Potentially attested as edenwerfa in 944, attested with certainty as etwerth in 1314. Borrowed from West Frisian Idaerd, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Eda (a personal name) and werf (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The second element was gradually reinterpreted to wert (“terp, artificial mound used for habitation”).


Irnsum

First attested as yrntzom in 1399-1401. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Irin (a personal name) suffixed with hēm (“home, settlement”). The Dutch form of the toponym is derived from an earlier variant of the Frisian name.


Roordahuizum

First attested as rorthahusum in 1389. Compound of either Old Frisian Roorda (a surname) or the toponym Raerd and the plural form of hūs (“house”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from a significantly older version of the Frisian name.


Warstiens

First attested as wer-steens in 1477. Borrowed from West Frisian Warstiens, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian wer (“parcel, landed property”) and Stening (a surname).


Abbengawier

First attested as abbingweer in 1448. Derived from a compound of Old Frisian Abbinga (a surname) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from a significantly older version of the Frisian name.


Angwier

First attested as Angweer in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Angwier, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Engwier.


De Bird

* (Leeuwarden) First attested as berd in 1511.
* (Súdwest-Fryslân) First attested as Bird and Hagena Bird in 1511. Derived from Old Frisian bird (“edge, bank”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier version of the Frisian name.

A hamlet in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Domwier

Potentially attested as demingwere in 1314, attested with certainty as Demweer in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Domwier, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Deminga (a surname) and wier (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Gotum

Potentially attested as gottincheim around 825-842, attested with certainty as Gôtum in 1718. Borrowed from West Frisian Goattum, derived in turn from Old Frisian Gote (a personal name) or Gottinge (a surname) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Naarderburen

First attested as Hennaerderebwren in 1527. Calque of West Frisian Narderbuorren, derived from a compound of the toponym Hinnaard and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Oude Leije

/ˈɑu̯.də ˈlɛi̯.ə/

First attested as op ter leya in 1466. Calque of West Frisian Alde Leie, derived in turn from Old Frisian ald (“old”) and leije (“excavated or canalised watercourse”).


Britsum

First attested as bruggiheim in 944. Borrowed from West Frisian Britsum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian bregge (“bridge”) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Finkum

First attested as finckum in 1335. Derived from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian hēm (“home, settlement”). The first element is not vinke (“low-quality turf”) or a personal name. The Dutch version of the toponym was borrowed from a significantly older form of the Frisian name.


Hijum

First attested as hehem in 1431. Borrowed from West Frisian Hijum, likely derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Haie (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Jelsum

First attested as heilsum around 1270. Borrowed from West Frisian Jelsum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Helle (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Cornjum

First attested as coernem in 1423. Borrowed from West Frisian Koarnjum, potentially derived in turn from Old Frisian Curra (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi- and hēm (“home, settlement”). Compare Korhorn, Kornhorn and Korrewegwijk.


Stiens

First attested as steninge in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Stiens, derived in turn from Old Frisian Stêna (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. Compare Staining and Steyning.


De Groote Bontekoe

Derived from groot (“big”) and the surname Bontekoe. Named after a former inn.


Vensterburen

First attested as Vensterbuyren in 1664. Borrowed from West Frisian Finsterbuorren, a compound of finne (“pasture, swampland”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Truurd

First attested as Truyrd in 1540. Borrowed from West Frisian Truerd, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian triu (“tree”) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Aegum

First attested as agum in 1503. Borrowed from West Frisian Eagum, potentially derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Age (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Goutum

First attested as goeltum in 1366. Borrowed from West Frisian Goutum, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Golde (a personal name) and hēm (“home, settlement”).


Hempens

First attested as hempens in 1463. Derived from Old Frisian *Hempe (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an older version of the Frisian toponym.


Lekkum

First attested as lackum in the 13th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Lekkum, derived in turn from a compound of the hydronym Luts and Old Frisian hēm (“home, settlement”).


Miedum

* (Leeuwarden) First attested as medemma gha in 1415. Borrowed from West Frisian Miedum, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian mede (“meadow”).
* (Waadhoeke) First attested as medum in 1417. Borrowed from West Frisian Miedum, derived in turn from the dative plural form of Old Frisian mede (“meadow”).

A hamlet in Waadhoeke, Friesland, Netherlands


Snakkerburen

First attested as Snackerbuyren in 1664. Borrowed from West Frisian Snakkerbuorren, a compound of an unclear first element and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”). The first element may be cognate with Middle Dutch snacker (“yapping dog”) or Dutch Low Saxon snakken (“speak senselessly”).


Swichum

First attested as swygghem in the 14th century. Borrowed from West Frisian Swichum, derived in turn from a compound of an unclear first element and Old Frisian hēm (“home, settlement”). The first element may be a personal name.


Wijtgaard

First attested as wytghardera ny land in 1485. Borrowed from West Frisian Wytgaard, potentially derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian wīt (“white”) and garda (“garden”) or, alternatively, from a surname and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Bilgaard.


Teerns

Potentially attested as terynse in 1397, attested with certainty as thernze in 1427. Borrowed from West Frisian Tearns, presumably derived from Old Frisian There (a personal name) suffixed with the collectivising suffix -ingi-. Compare Tirns.


Baardburen

First attested as brauwert in 1435. Calque of West Frisian Baarderbuorren, a compound of the toponym Brauwert (derived in turn from Old Frisian brâda (“broad”) and wert (“artificial mound used for habitation”)) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


De Drie Romers

Derived from drie (“three”) and the plural form of roemer (“rummer”). Originally the name of an inn.


Marwird

First attested as merwethe in 1314. Borrowed from West Frisian Marwert, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian mar (“lake, pool”) and werth (“artificial mound used for habitation”).


Midsburen

Calque of West Frisian Midsbourren, a compound of mid (“mid-, middle”) and the plural form of buer (“home, cottage”).


Noordend

First attested as Noord End in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Noardein, a compound of noard (“north-, northern”) and ein (“end”). The element noard was added to distinguish the toponym from Zuiderend.


Poelhuizen

First attested as De Poelen in 1540. Calque of West Frisian Poelhuzen, a compound of poel (“pool”) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Tjaard

First attested as tytzaerd in 1490. Borrowed from West Frisian Tsjaard, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian Tyts (a personal name) and werd (“artificial mound used for habitation”). Compare Kaard and Teerd.


Vierhuis

* (De Fryske Marren) First attested as Vierhuysen in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Fjouwerhûs, derived from a compound of fjouwer (“four”) and hûs (“house”). The settlement was probably initially composed of four houses.
* (Leeuwarden) First attested as fyorhustera gued in 1437. Calque of West Frisian Fjouwerhús, derived from a compound of Old Frisian fiūwer (“four”) and hūs (“house”). Originally the name of a manor.

A hamlet in De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands


Schilkampen

First attested as Schilcampen in 1562. Calque of West Frisian Skilkampen, a compound of skyl (“seashell”) and the plural form of kamp (“enclosed piece of land”). The area around the hamlet was formerly used as a storage site for seashells used in the production of chalk.


Boornbergum

First attested as Berghum and Bergum in 1543. Borrowed from West Frisian Boarnburgum, derived in turn from a compound of the hydronym Boarn and the dative plural form of Old Frisian berch (“hill, elevated place”).

der

A village in Smallingerland, Friesland, Netherlands


De Tike

First attested as Teeckeveen in 1541. Borrowed from West Frisian De Tike, presumably derived in turn from tieke (“tick, Ixodida sp.”).


De Veenhoop

First attested as De Veenhoop in 1851-1855. Derived from Middle Dutch veenhoep (“place where turf can be extracted”).


De Wilgen

First attested as De Wilgen in 1580. Calque of West Frisian De Wylgen, derived from the plural form of wylch (“willow, Salix sp.”).


Drachtstercompagnie

First attested as COMPAGNIE (DE) in 1841. Compound of the toponym Drachten and compagnie (“company”).


Goëngahuizen

First attested as Gonyehuisen in 1573. Calque of West Frisian Goaïingahuzen, a compound of Goinga (a surname) and the plural form of hûs (“house”).


Houtigehage

/ˌɦɑu̯.tɪ.ɣəˈɦaː.ɣə/

First attested as Houtige Hagen in 1861. Compound of houtig (“covered in trees and shrubs”) and haag (“enclosed area, fence”).


Kortehemmen

First attested as korteham in 1444. Calque of West Frisian Koartehimmen, a compound of Old Frisian kort (“short”) and him (“inland polder with natural drainage”) or ham (“alluvial land in the bend of a river”).


Nijega

/ˈnɛi̯.əˌɣaː/

First attested as nyegae in 1412. Calque of West Frisian Nijegae, derived in turn from Old Frisian nia (“new”) and gâ (“village, village area”). The element nije was added to distinguish the settlement from Oudega.


Oudega

/ˈɑu̯.dəˌɣaː/

* (Smallingerland) First attested as aldga in 1439. Calque of West Frisian Aldegae, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”) and gâ (“village, village area”). The element âld was added to distinguish the settlement from Nijega.
* (De Fryske Marren) First attested as oldegae in 1412. Calque of West Frisian Aldegea, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian ald (“old”) and gâ (“village, village area”).
* (Súdwest-Fryslân) First attested with certainty as aldakerke in 1245. Calque of West Frisian Aldegea, derived in turn from Old Frisian ald (“old”) and gâ (“village, village area”). The second element was initially kerk (“church”).

A village and former municipality of Smallingerland, Friesland, Netherlands

A village in De Fryske Marren, Friesland, Netherlands

A village in Súdwest-Fryslân, Friesland, Netherlands


Opeinde

First attested as wp an endde in 1439. Derived from Middle Dutch opeinde (“upper end”).


Rottevalle

First attested as de Rottevalle in 1622. Calque of West Frisian De Rottefalle, derived in turn from rottefalle (“rat trap, type of sluice which resembles a rat trap”).


Smalle Ee

First attested as smalena in 1230. Calque of West Frisian Smelle Ie, derived in turn from a hydronym derived from Old Frisian smel (“narrow”) and ē (“watercourse”).


Buitenstverlaat

First attested as Verlaat (Het Buitenste) in 1899. Compound of buitenst (“outermost”) and verlaat (“small lift-lock”).

A hamlet in Smallingerland, Friesland, Netherlands


De Gaasten

First attested as die Gasten in 1543. Calque of West Frisian De Geasten, derived from the plural form of gaast (“elevated sandy land”).


De Kletten

First attested as Kletten in 1664. Borrowed from West Frisian De Kletten, potentially derived from the plural form of klit (“burdock, Arctium sp.”).


De Kooi

* (Friesland) Calque of West Frisian De Koai, derived from koai (“duck decoy”).
* (Gorinchem) First attested as Kooi in 1869. Derived from kooi (“duck decoy”).
* (Leiden)

A hamlet in Gorinchem, South Holland, Netherlands

A neighbourhood of Leiden, South Holland, Netherlands


De Puntpaal

Calque of West Frisian De Puntpael, derived in turn from puntpeal (“boundary marker”). The settlement is located close to the provincial border.


Egbertsgaasten

First attested as Egberts Gaesten in 1664. Compound of Egbert (a personal name) and the plural form of West Frisian gaast (“elevated sandy land”).


Folgeren

First attested as folgelen in 1543. Calque of West Frisian De Folgeren, derived from the plural form of folger (“newly reclaimed land lying next to old reclaimed land, isolated, low-quality land”). Compare De Volgerlanden.


Galhoek

First attested as De Galhoek in 1851-1855. Calque of West Frisian Galhoeke, of uncertain etymology. The toponym may be a compound of a hydronym, galge (“gallows”) or gagel (“bog myrtle, Mirica gale”) and hoeke (“corner”), although none of the proposed compounds can be confirmed due to a paucity of old attestations.


Luchtenveld

First attested as Luchterveld in 1899. Calque of West Frisian Luchtenfjild, a compound of an unclear first element and fjild (“field”). The first element may be Dutch Low Saxon luchter (“bundle of reeds used as kindling”) or a toponym *Lucht. Alternatively, the toponym may be a compound of lucht (“air”) and veld (“field”), used here as a reference to the open expanse of fields around the hamlet. May have originally been the name of an inn.


Middelburen

First attested as Middelbuiren in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Middelbuorren, a compound of middel (“middle, mid-”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Noorderend

Calque of West Frisian Noarderein, a compound of noarder (“northern”) and ein (“end”).


Opperburen

First attested as d' Opperbuiren in 1718. Calque of West Frisian Opperbuorren, a compound of opper (“upper”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Siteburen

First attested as Sytebuyren in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Sitebuorren, a compound of Site (a personal name) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).


Wierren

First attested as De Wierren in 1700. Borrowed from West Frisian Wierren, derived from the plural form of wier (“clay hill, elevated place”).


Zandburen

* (Friesland) First attested as Sandbuyren in 1664. Calque of West Frisian Sânbuorren, a compound of sân (“sand”) and the plural form of buer (“house, cottage”).
* (Noord-Holland) First attested as Zand Burem in 1839-1859. Compound of zand (“sand”) and the plural form of buur (“cottage, small house”). The element zand was added to distinguish the settlement from Noordburen.

A hamlet in Hollands Kroon, North Holland, Netherlands


Zuiderheide

Calque of West Frisian Suderheide, a compound of suder (“southern”) and heide (“heath, heathland”).


Bakkeveen

First attested as backenvene in 1232-1233. Calque of West Frisian Bakkefean, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Bakke (a personal name) and fene (“peat bog, marsh”).


Beetsterzwaag

First attested as suagh in 1315. Calque of West Frisian Beetstersweach, derived in turn from a compound of the toponym Ald Beets and Old Frisian swâg (“pasture, land where cattle is kept”).

der

A village and former municipality of Opsterland, Friesland, Netherlands


Frieschepalen

First attested as Vriesche Palen in 1622. Calque of West Frisian Fryske Peallen, derived from Frysk (“Frisian”) and the plural form of peal (“border, borderland”). The village is located on the border of the province.


Gorredijk

/ˌɣɔ.rəˈdɛi̯k/

First attested as op de Gorredijck and Goeredijck in 1650. Calque of West Frisian De Gordyk, a compound of goarre (“swampy forest soil”) and dyk (“levee”).


Hemrik

First attested as hemericke in 1315. Derived from Old Frisian hemrike (“village area”). The Dutch form of the toponym was borrowed from an earlier variant of the Frisian name.


Jonkersland

First attested as Jonkersland ('t) in 1899. Calque of West Frisian Jonkerslân, a compound of jonker (“squire”) and lân (“land”). Probably named after Juw Dekama.


Langezwaag

/ˈlɑ.ŋəˌzʋaːx/

First attested as utresuagh in 1315. Calque of West Frisian Langsweagen, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian lang (“long”) and swâg (“pasture, place where cattle is kept”). The element lang was added to distinguish the settlement from Kortezwaag.


Kortezwaag

First attested as urasuagh in 1315. Calque of West Frisian Koartsweagen, derived in turn from a compound of Old Frisian kort (“short”) and swâg (“pasture, place where cattle is kept”). The element kort was added to distinguish the settlement from Langezwaag.

A hamlet in Opsterland, Friesland, Netherlands


Lippenhuizen

First attested as luppingahusum in 1315. Borrowed from West Frisian Lippenhuzen, derived from a compound of Old Frisian Luppinga (a surname) and the plural form of hūs (“house”). The first element was gradually reinterpreted to lip (“northern lapwing, Vanellus vanellus”). Compare Lippenwoude.