mars

nl-noun

mars f (plural marsen, diminutive marsje n)

marsen (plural)
marsje (diminutive neuter)

Ik tjap die beats als marsepein / verkracht die beats anaal, doe hun marsen pijn

2018, Killer Kamal (lyrics and music), “Natuur”:

I devour beats like marzipan / rape beats anally, hurt their anuses

‘Eerst hebben ze ons geleerd dat het slecht was om je eigen taal te spreken! Dan nu aksepteren zij als eerste diezelfde taalinvloeden! Laat ze me mars eten.’

2020 September 9, Rasit Elibol, “‘Laat ze me mars eten’ [Let them kiss my ass]”, in De Groene Amsterdammer, retrieved 2021-07-30:

'First they taught us that it was bad to speak your own language! Yet now they are the first to accept the same linguistic influences! Let them kiss my ass.'


Suriname

→ Caribbean Javanese: Srinama, Srinamah

→ English: Suriname


die

Afrikaans: die

Berbice Creole Dutch: dida

Jersey Dutch: dî

Negerhollands: die, di, i, dida, da die

From Middle Dutch die, a merger of Old Dutch thie, thē, thia, thiu and similar forms of the demonstrative. As in Old High German ther, der it replaced the original masculine and feminine nominative forms from Proto-Germanic *sa.

Die vrouw vraagt als iemand aardvruchten wil kopen.

A woman is asking if anyone wants to buy root vegetables.

Ik heb die wagen geslagen.

(Suriname, colloquial) a certain, a particular; some; this; referring to a thing or a person invisible or unknown to the audience.


citrus

Borrowed from translingual Citrus or Latin citrus.


DNA

Initialism of De Nationale Assemblee (“The National Assembly”).

initialism

(Suriname) National Assembly of Suriname


cell

nl-noun

cell m (plural cells, diminutive celltje n)

cells (plural)
celltje (diminutive neuter)

Clipping of cellulair or borrowed directly from English cell.

Door de ‘cell’ is het mogelijk de banden met verwanten elders innig te houden of zelfs te herstellen.

2001, Alex van Stipriaan, “Contact! Marrons en de transport- en communicatierevolutie in het Surinaamse binnenland [Contact! Maroons and the transport and communication revolution in Suriname's hinterland]”, in OSO. Tijdschrift voor Surinaamse taalkunde, letterkunde en geschiedenis, page 41:

The mobile phone makes it possible to keep close ties with relatives elsewhere or even to restore them.

(Suriname, colloquial) cellular phone, mobile phone


raaf

raaf m or f (plural raven, diminutive raafje n)

raven (plural)
raafje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: raaf

→ Sranan Tongo: rafru

From Middle Dutch rāve, formed by reanalysis of the older singular form rāven which was reinterpreted as a plural. From Old Dutch ravan, from Proto-West Germanic *hrabn, from Proto-Germanic *hrabnaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-.


appel

appel m (plural appels or appelen, diminutive appeltje n)

appels (plural)
appelen (plural)
appeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: appel
→ Xhosa: i-apile

Berbice Creole Dutch: apl

Jersey Dutch: āpel

Negerhollands: apl

→ Loup A: abel

→ Mahican: ápenes (from the plural form)

→ Malay: apel (Indonesian)

Indonesian: apêl

→? Mohegan-Pequot: appece

→ Munsee: áapulash (from the plural form)

→ Papiamentu: apel, appel

→? Sranan Tongo: apra

→ Caribbean Hindustani: aprá

→ Caribbean Javanese: aprah

→ Lokono: apra

→ Unami: apëlìsh (from the plural form)

From Middle Dutch appel, from Old Dutch appel, from Proto-West Germanic *applu, from Proto-Germanic *aplaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl.

Syzygium samarangense
Syzygium samarangense#Translingual

(Suriname) wax apple, Syzygium samarangense


belt

belt m (plural belten, diminutive beltje n)

belten (plural)
beltje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Javanese: bèlt


Holland

nl-proper noun

Holland n (adjective Hollands, demonym Hollander m or Hollandse f)

Hollands (adjective)
Hollander (demonym masculine)
Hollandse (demonym feminine)

Javindo: Hollaan

Jersey Dutch: Hôl-läänt

→ Caribbean Javanese: Holan

→ Kwinti: hollan

→ Portuguese: holanda, Holanda

→ Petjo: blandeu, blandees

From Old Dutch holt lant (“wood land”). A popular but false etymology holds that it is derived from hol land (“hollow land”), inspired by the low-lying geography of the Dutch region.

Hij is voor zijn werk naar Holland geëmigreerd.

He has emigrated to Holland for his job.

Meneer Keller lachte. - Hier is geen Holland, zei hij. - Mi sabi, mi sabi, zei Joyce ongeduldig. Ik wil ook niet, dat Suriname Holland wordt. Ik hou van dit land zoals het is.

1969, Thea Doelwijt, Wajono, Paramaribo: Eldorado, page 24:

Mr Keller laughed. "Here, it's not the Netherlands", he said. "I know, I know", Joyce said impatiently. "I don't want Suriname to become the Netherlands either. I love this country the way it is. (...)"

(mostly in Belgium and Suriname, somewhat informal, proscribed) the Netherlands as a whole


flamingo

nl-noun

flamingo m (plural flamingo's, diminutive flamingootje n)

flamingo's (plural)
flamingootje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: flamink

Borrowed from Portuguese flamingo, from Spanish flamengo, from Old Occitan flamenc, which derives either from Latin flamma (“flame”), after the color of its plumage, or (less likely) from Middle Dutch vlaminc, after their ruddy skin color (compare Spanish flamenco).


staat

staat m (plural staten, diminutive staatje n)

staten (plural)
staatje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: staat

→ Indonesian: setat

→ Papiamentu: staat (dated)

→ Peranakan Indonesian: staat

From Middle Dutch staet, from Latin status. The sense for a political entity derives from Middle French état, from Old French estat, from the Latin. The sense "plantation" is a semantic loan from English estate.


wit

nl-adj

wit (comparative witter, superlative witst)

witter (comparative)
witst (superlative)
wit (adverbial positive predicative)
witter (adverbial comparative predicative)
het witst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het witste (adverbial predicative superlative)
witte (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
wittere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
witste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
wit (indefinite neuter positive singular)
witter (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
witste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
witte (indefinite plural positive)
wittere (comparative indefinite plural)
witste (indefinite plural superlative)
witte (definite positive)
wittere (comparative definite)
witste (definite superlative)
wits (partitive positive)
witters (comparative partitive)

From Middle Dutch wit, from Old Dutch *wit, from Proto-West Germanic *hwīt, from Proto-Germanic *hwittaz. The geminate is unexpected as the usual Proto-Germanic form is *hwītaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweytos (“shine; bright”).
The geminate is sometimes explained as being the result of Kluge's law, thus from a pre-Germanic *kweyd-nos.

cog

(chiefly Suriname) having a white skin colour, light-skinned (see usage note)

(Suriname) having a relatively light skin colour


zit

nl-noun

zit m (plural zitten, diminutive zitje n)

zitten (plural)
zitje (diminutive neuter)

De belletjes bij minister Amar Ramadhin hadden al moeten rinkelen toen vicepresident (vp) Ronnie Brunswijk liet doorschemeren dat hij een 'zitje' wilde houden met zijn naasten, onder wie zijn kinderen. De minister had niet verwacht dat het om een feest ging met alles erop en eraan, terwijl alle voorbereidingen van het feest te volgen waren op social media.

2021 March 16, Nita Ramcharan, “Column: Vicepresident, niet te laat voor 'sorry' [Column: Vice President, it's not too late to say sorry]”, in StarNieuws, retrieved 2022-03-02:

Minister Amar Ramadhin's alarm bells should have gone off immediately when Vice President Ronnie Brunswijk hinted that he wanted to have a 'small gathering' with his loved ones, including his children. The Minister had not expected that it would be a full-blown party, while all the party preparations could be followed on social media.

(Suriname, always in the diminutive) a small social gathering at someone's home


bout

bout m (plural bouten, diminutive boutje n)

bouten (plural)
boutje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bout

Berbice Creole Dutch: bauta

→ Caribbean Hindustani: bowtu

→ Indonesian: baut

→ Papiamentu: bout

→ Sranan Tongo: bowtu (shank)

→ Sranan Tongo: bowtu (bolt)

From Middle Dutch bout, from Old Dutch *bolt, from Proto-West Germanic *bolt, from Proto-Germanic *bultaz.
Cognates:
Compare German Bolzen, West Frisian bout, English bolt, Danish bolt, Icelandic bolti.


bos

bos n (plural bossen, diminutive bosje n)

bossen (plural)
bosje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch bosch, busch, from Old Dutch *busc, from Proto-West Germanic *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz.


bom

bom f (plural bommen, diminutive bommetje n)

bommen (plural)
bommetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bom

→ Caribbean Javanese: bom

→ Indonesian: bom

→ Sranan Tongo: bom

→ West Frisian: bom

Borrowed from French bombe, still attested as bombe in Early Modern Dutch.

(Suriname) gas cylinder (cylindrical vessel for compressed gas)


bok

bok m (plural bokken, diminutive bokje n, feminine bokkin)

bokken (plural)
bokje (diminutive neuter)
bokkin (feminine)

Berbice Creole Dutch: boko

→ Guyanese Creole English: buck

→ Trinidadian Creole English: buck

Proposed etymologies include Lokono bo-kia (“emphatic 'you'”), Lokono Lokono (“people, Arawak”), Portuguese botoque (“lip plate”), Portuguese bugre (“derogatory term for an Amerindian”). Compare English buck (“a black or Native American man”).

cog

Dat echter een afgerichte negerslaaf beter te gebruiken was dan 50 Bokken klinkt wel wat ongelooflijk, in aanmerking genomen, dat thans nog algemeen onder de negers het verhaal de ronde doet, dat de weggeloopen slaven veel banger waren voor de Indianen dan voor de blanken of negersoldaten. Inderdaad in Demerara waren het de Bokken, die daar de vorming van onafhankelijk negerstaten belet hebben.

1907, F.P. Penard, A.P. Penard, De menschetende aanbidders der zonneslang [The man-eating worshippers of the sun snake], Paramaribo: H.B. Heyde, pages 49-50:

However, that a trained Negro slave was more useful than fifty Amerindians sounds somewhat incredible, considering that even now the story is widely told among Negroes that runaway slaves were much more afraid of Indians than whites or Negro soldiers. Indeed, in Demerara, it were the Amerindians who prevented the formation of independent Negro nations.


bok

(Suriname, dated) Form of address for a Javanese woman


ja

desctree

Afrikaans: ja
→ English: ja
→ Portuguese: iá

Indonesian: ya

Berbice Creole Dutch: ja

Jersey Dutch: jâ

Negerhollands: ja, ju

Skepi Creole Dutch: ja

→ Saramaccan: jahái, jaái

From Middle Dutch ja, from Old Dutch *jā, from Proto-Germanic *ja.

(Suriname, informal) A casual greeting acknowledging the presence of a person; hey, hi, what's up

(Suriname, informal) Used as a request for someone to repeat something not heard or understood clearly; say again, what's that


concubine

nl-noun

concubine f (plural concubines or concubinen, masculine concubaan or concubant)

concubines (plural)
concubinen (plural)
concubaan (masculine)
concubant (masculine)

From Middle Dutch concubine, from Middle French concubine, from Old French [Term?], from Latin concubīna.

(Suriname) female partner in a common-law marriage


pisang

pisang m (plural pisangs, diminutive pisangetje n)

pisangs (plural)
pisangetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: piesang

(dated, Netherlands, Indonesia, Suriname) banana


odo

(chiefly Suriname) an African Surinamese proverb


student

student m (plural studenten, diminutive studentje n, feminine studente)

studenten (plural)
studentje (diminutive neuter)
studente (feminine)

→ Papiamentu: student (dated)

Borrowed from Latin studēns, present participle of studēre (“to study”).

(Belgium, Suriname) a student at an institute for secondary or tertiary education.


bokken

bokken (infinitive)
bokken (gerund neuter)
bok (first-person present singular)
bokte (first-person past singular)
bokt (present second-person singular)
bok (present second-person singular)
bokte (past second-person singular)
bokt (formal present second-person singular)
bokte (formal past second-person singular)
bokt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
bokt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
bokte (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
bokte (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
bokt (present singular third-person)
bokte (past singular third-person)
bokken (plural present)
bokten (past plural)
bokke (archaic present singular subjunctive)
bokte (archaic past singular subjunctive)
bokken (archaic plural present subjunctive)
bokten (archaic past plural subjunctive)
bok (imperative present singular)
bokt (archaic imperative plural present)
bokkend (participle present)
gebokt (participle past)

(transitive, Suriname) to tell off, to scold, to rebuke


lo

Borrowed from Sranan Tongo lo, Saramaccan lɔ́, Aukan ló, all probably from Ewe hlɔ̃ (“revenge; group of (maternal) relatives responsible for exacting revenge, clan”).

der

Stefanus Poeketi, kapitein van Dawme en voorzitter van de ‘Twaalfoe Lo’, stelde dat de functie van granman niet uitsluitend door één lo zal worden uitgeoefend. Hij kondigde aan dat notarieel vastgelegd zal worden dat het ‘granmanschap’ gaat rouleren onder de twaalf lo’s van de Saramaccaanse stam.

2023 August 28, Samuel Wens, “Saramaccaners hebben naast Aboikoni nu ook Banai als granman [In addition to Aboikoni, Saramaccans now also have Banai as paramount chief]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2024-01-06:

Stefanus Poeketi, village chief of Dawme and chairman of the 'Twaalfoe Lo', stated that the position of paramount chief will not be held exclusively by one clan. He announced that it will be notarially certified that the 'paramount chieftaincy' will rotate among the twelve clans of the Saramaccan tribe.

(chiefly Suriname) matrilineal clan within a Maroon tribe

fr:Journal des africanistes
fr:Société des africanistes
nl:Pieter Muysken


kraken

kraken (infinitive)
kraken (gerund neuter)
kraak (first-person present singular)
kraakte (first-person past singular)
kraakt (present second-person singular)
kraak (present second-person singular)
kraakte (past second-person singular)
kraakt (formal present second-person singular)
kraakte (formal past second-person singular)
kraakt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
kraakt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
kraakte (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
kraakte (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
kraakt (present singular third-person)
kraakte (past singular third-person)
kraken (plural present)
kraakten (past plural)
krake (archaic present singular subjunctive)
kraakte (archaic past singular subjunctive)
kraken (archaic plural present subjunctive)
kraakten (archaic past plural subjunctive)
kraak (imperative present singular)
kraakt (archaic imperative plural present)
krakend (participle present)
gekraakt (participle past)

Negerhollands: kraek

Petjo: kraken

→ Aukan: kalaki

→ Papiamentu: krak, kraak

From Middle Dutch crāken, from Old Dutch *krakon, from Proto-West Germanic *krakōn, from Proto-Germanic *krakōną. The sense "to support a sports team or sportsperson" is a semantic loan from Sranan Tongo kraka (“to support (with a wedge)”).

sl

Ze kraakt voor Transvaal.

(intransitive, Suriname) with voor (“for”); to support a certain sports team or sportsperson


tot

tot (prepositional)
toe (adverb postpositional)
ertoe
hiertoe
daartoe
waartoe
ergens toe
nergens toe
overal toe

Afrikaans: tot

Berbice Creole Dutch: tutu

Jersey Dutch: tut, tût

Negerhollands: tot, tee

From Middle Dutch tot, tōte, from Old Dutch tote, toti (“to, until”), equivalent to toe + te. Compare Old Saxon tōte (“to, until”), Old Frisian tot (“until”), Old High German zuo ze.

Gaat een telefoon over ergens in Paramaribo. "Ja, halloo tot Rabin."

2020 August 25, Gerold Rozenblad, “Tafra drai [The table has turned]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2021-07-14:

A phone rings somewhere in Paramaribo. "Yes, hello. This is Rabin."

(telephony, Suriname) Used to answer a telephone call, followed by one's name, shortened from "u spreekt tot..."


manja

Ultimately from Malay mangga. Cf. Sranan Tongo manya.

Mangifera indica
Mangifera indica#Translingual

(Suriname, Antilles) mango tree, Mangifera indica


kern

nl-noun

kern f (plural kernen, diminutive kerntje n)

kernen (plural)
kerntje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch kerne, from Old Dutch *kerno, from Proto-Germanic *kernô, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂-n-on-, *ǵr̥h₂nóm, related to *kurną (“corn, grain”).

(politics, Suriname) party cell; group of activists of a political party at neighbourhood or village level


chef

chef m (plural chefs, diminutive chefje n, feminine cheffin)

chefs (plural)
chefje (diminutive neuter)
cheffin (feminine)

→ Caribbean Javanese: sèf

→ Indonesian: sep

→ Javanese: ꦱꦺꦥ꧀ (sèp)

→ Papiamentu: shèf

Chef, halte hoor.

Driver, I'd like to get off the bus here.

(Suriname) A form of address to a working-class man


wane

(Suriname) a type of South American tree that produces hardwood, Sextonia rubra


flirten

flirten (infinitive)
flirten (gerund neuter)
flirt (first-person present singular)
flirtte (first-person past singular)
flirt (present second-person singular)
flirtte (past second-person singular)
flirt (formal present second-person singular)
flirtte (formal past second-person singular)
flirt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
flirt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
flirtte (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
flirtte (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
flirt (present singular third-person)
flirtte (past singular third-person)
flirten (plural present)
flirtten (past plural)
flirte (archaic present singular subjunctive)
flirtte (archaic past singular subjunctive)
flirten (archaic plural present subjunctive)
flirtten (archaic past plural subjunctive)
flirt (imperative present singular)
flirt (archaic imperative plural present)
flirtend (participle present)
geflirt (participle past)

(intransitive, Suriname, colloquial) to grope sexually, to engage in foreplay


bobo

Borrowed from Sranan Tongo bobo, from Portuguese bobo or alternatively Spanish bobo.


dc

(Suriname) Initialism of districtscommissaris (“district commissioner”).


koffer

koffer m (plural koffers, diminutive koffertje n)

koffers (plural)
koffertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: koffer

Berbice Creole Dutch: kofru

→ Caribbean Javanese: koper

→ Indonesian: koper

→ Sranan Tongo: kofru

→ Caribbean Hindustani: kofru

→ West Frisian: koffer

From Middle Dutch cofer, couer, from Old French cofre, coffre, from Latin cophinus (“basket”), from Ancient Greek κόφινος (kóphinos, “basket”).

der

(now Suriname) a trunk, a large chest used to move luggage


marron

Borrowed from French marron (“feral; fugitive”, adjective), from Spanish cimarrón (“fugitive, wild, feral”), from Taíno simaran.

der

Bij de overrompeling van een der laatste benden werden twintig Marrons gedood, waaronder Bonni, Cormantijn, Codjo en Paedje. Zij behoorden tot het gespuis, zooals destijds de blanken de Marrons noemden, maar voor ons zijn en blijven zij helden, Surinamers die hun waardigheid van aanvoerders door dapperheid en deugd verworven hadden, vechters voor de rechten en vrijheid der Surinaamsche slaven.

1934, Anton de Kom, Wij slaven van Suriname [We Slaves of Suriname], Amsterdam: Contact, page 104:

When one of the last gangs was ambushed, twenty Maroons were killed, including Bonni, Cormantijn, Codjo, and Paedje. They were part of the rabble, as the whites used to call the Maroons at the time, but to us they are and will always be heroes, Surinamese who had earned their status as leaders through bravery and virtue, fighters for the rights and freedom of the Surinamese slaves.

Het is 10 oktober, de dag waarop marrons vieren dat er in 1760 vrede is afgedwongen van de koloniale overheersers.

2017 November 3, Euritha Tjan A Way, “Internationaal bundelen [Uniting internationally]”, in De Ware Tijd, archived from the original on 2021-07-09:

It's 10 October, the day Maroons celebrate that peace was exacted from the colonial oppressors in 1760.

Maroon (a member of ethnic groups in the Americas descended from Africans who escaped slavery and established free communities; (Suriname) a member of a major Afro-Surinamese ethnic group that consists of several tribes and is based mostly in the hinterland; (historical) escaped slave)


als

From Middle Dutch alse, an unstressed form of also (modern alzo). The sense “whether” is possibly a semantic loan from Sranan Tongo efu (“if, when; if, whether”).

sl

Ik weet niet als de heer Ramon Cruden de Minister van Arbeid werkelijk zal kunnen adviseren

1978 November 4, “"CRUDEN IS EEN SLECHT ADVISEUR" ZEGT EENDRACHT ["CRUDEN IS A BAD ADVISOR" SAYS EENDRACHT]”, in Vrije Stem: onafhankelijk weekblad voor Suriname, page 6:

I don't know whether Mr Ramon Cruden will be truly able to advise the Minister of Labour

Het document is in opdracht van het OM samengesteld om aan te tonen als de gesloten contracten tussen de CBvS en het Belgische bedrijf Clairfield rechtmatig zijn, als de bedragen die contractueel zijn afgedwongen gangbaar zijn naar internationale maatstaven en als de verdachten wel of geen financieel voordeel hebben gehad aan deze deals.

2021 April 29, Wilfred Leeuwin, “Einde in zicht in geruchtmakende strafzaak Centrale Bank [End in sight in controversial Central Bank criminal case]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2021-05-02:

The document was commissioned by the prosecution to determine whether the contracts concluded between the Central Bank of Suriname and the Belgian company Clairfield were lawful, whether the sums enforced in the contracts were customary by international standards and whether or not the suspects benefited financially from these deals.

(Suriname, proscribed in the Netherlands) if, whether


Chan

Chan baalt al heel lang van sommige ministers, vandaar dat de ene^([sic]) commissie, werkgroep, taskforce, adviseurs, platforms a la dol worden benoemd.

2023 May 23, Nita Ramcharan, “Column: De olifant heeft muisje gebaard... [Column: The elephant has given birth to a mouse...]”, in StarNieuws, retrieved 2023-09-22:

President Santokhi has long been frustrated with some ministers, which is why commissions, working groups, task forces, advisers, forums are appointed like crazy.


Su

Wanneer kom je weer naar Su?


kras

nl-adj

kras (comparative krasser, superlative meest kras or krast)

krasser (comparative)
meest kras (superlative)
krast (superlative)
kras (adverbial positive predicative)
krasser (adverbial comparative predicative)
het krast (adverbial predicative superlative)
het kraste (adverbial predicative superlative)
krasse (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
krassere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
kraste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
kras (indefinite neuter positive singular)
krasser (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
kraste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
krasse (indefinite plural positive)
krassere (comparative indefinite plural)
kraste (indefinite plural superlative)
krasse (definite positive)
krassere (comparative definite)
kraste (definite superlative)
kras (partitive positive)
krassers (comparative partitive)

Berbice Creole Dutch: krasi

17th century, from Latin crassus (“thick, crass”). While the sense “stout, spry” can easily be explained from this, some sources consider it an influence from Malay keras (“hard, strong”). Compare German krass, English crass.

Door het gebruik van het woord sekslustig ontstaat het idee dat de misbruiker het eigenlijk niet kan helpen - hij moest zijn kwakje kwijt hè, het is een biologisch ding - hij was kras toch. Excuses voor mijn taalgebruik, oh teerhartige lezer, maar soms kookt mijn bloed van woede.

2021 March 20, Sharda Ganga, “Sekslustig ['Sex-craving']”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2021-06-25:

The use of the word 'sex-craving' creates the impression that the abuser can't actually help it - he had to get rid of his load, right, it's a biological thing - he was horny after all. I do apologise for my use of language, oh tender-hearted reader, but sometimes my blood boils with rage.

(Suriname) horny, sexually aroused, lascivious


PL

(Suriname, politics) Initialism of Pertjajah Luhur.

(Suriname, public transport) Initialism of Paramaribo-Lelydorp.


bara

From Caribbean Hindustani bára, possibly from Hindi बड़ा (baṛā).

Uit enkele speakers dendert soca en zouk muziek^([sic]). In de lucht hangt de geur van versgebakken bara's en kip.

2021 July 4, “Gezellige sfeer bij vaccinatie in PL-centrum [Congenial atmosphere at vaccination drive at PL party headquarters]”, in StarNieuws, retrieved 2022-12-07:

Soca and zouk music thumps from a couple of loudspeakers. The smell of freshly fried vadas and chicken wafts through the air.

(originally Suriname) vada (a savoury doughnut made of mung bean flour)


mantel

nl-noun

mantel m (plural mantels, diminutive manteltje n)

mantels (plural)
manteltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mantel

Negerhollands: mantel

Petjo: mantel

→ Caribbean Javanese: mantel

→ Indonesian: mantel

→ Papiamentu: mantel

From Middle Dutch mantel, from Latin mantēllum.


markt

markt f (plural markten, diminutive marktje n)

markten (plural)
marktje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mark

Negerhollands: markt, market

From Middle Dutch market, marct, from Old Dutch *markat, from Late Latin marcātus, an alternative form of Classical Latin mercātus.

Let op je taalgebruik, hoor. We zijn hier niet onder de markt.

Please mind your language. It's not like we're at the market right now.

(Suriname, metonymically, idiomatic) the canopy which covers a food market; the roof structure of a market hall


structuur

structuur f (plural structuren, diminutive structuurtje n)

structuren (plural)
structuurtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: struktuur

→ Indonesian: struktur

From Middle Dutch structuur, from Middle French structure, from Latin structura (“a fitting together, adjustment, building, erection, a building, edifice, structure”), from structus (“pile up, arrange, assemble, build”), past participle of struere. Compare construct, instruct, destroy, etc.

der

Als ode aan de vrouw hebben mannelijke adspirant kandidaten en structuren van de Pertjajah Luhur (PL) vandaag, Internationale Dag van de Vrouw, gekookt voor alle vrouwelijke bezoekers.

2020 March 8, “Ode aan alle vrouwen met geslaagde PL Men's Cook Out [Ode to all women with successful PL Men's Cook Out]”, in Dagblad Suriname, retrieved 2022-02-19:

Today, on International Women's Day, as an ode to women, male prospective candidates and functionaries of the Pertjajah Luhur Party cooked for all female visitors.

(Suriname, metonymically, chiefly in the plural) functionary, cadre


kloppen

kloppen (infinitive)
kloppen (gerund neuter)
klop (first-person present singular)
klopte (first-person past singular)
klopt (present second-person singular)
klop (present second-person singular)
klopte (past second-person singular)
klopt (formal present second-person singular)
klopte (formal past second-person singular)
klopt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
klopt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
klopte (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
klopte (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
klopt (present singular third-person)
klopte (past singular third-person)
kloppen (plural present)
klopten (past plural)
kloppe (archaic present singular subjunctive)
klopte (archaic past singular subjunctive)
kloppen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
klopten (archaic past plural subjunctive)
klop (imperative present singular)
klopt (archaic imperative plural present)
kloppend (participle present)
geklopt (participle past)

Berbice Creole Dutch: klup

Negerhollands: klop

Petjo: kloppen

→ Caribbean Javanese: klop

→ Indonesian: klop

→ Sranan Tongo: kropu, klop

→ Caribbean Javanese: klop, ngeklop

From Middle Dutch cloppen, from Old Dutch *cloppōn, probably onomatopoeic. Cognate with German klopfen and kloppen.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

Dan net iets verderop, achter een schutting, waarvoor mensen op hun bus op hun benen staan te wachten. Een man, tussen dat groen van boesboesi. Staat zijn tollie te kloppen, want hij heeft een ekstra lust na slaapgang.

1980, Edgar Cairo, Jeje disi. Karakter's krachten. [This soul. Character's forces.], Haarlem: In de Knipscheer, →ISBN, page 104:

Then just a little further on, behind a fence, in front of which people are on their feet waiting for their bus. A man, among the greenery of the bushes. Stands around jerking off his dick, as he has an extra craving after sleeping.

(intransitive, transitive, Suriname, vulgar) to jerk off, to masturbate


tras

(Suriname, archaic) bagasse (the residue from processing sugar cane after the juice is extracted)


plaat

nl-noun

plaat f (plural platen, diminutive plaatje n)

platen (plural)
plaatje (diminutive neuter)

→ Aukan: palati

→ Indonesian: pelat

→ Papiamentu: plachi (from the diminutive)

→ Sranan Tongo: plât

→ Caribbean Javanese: pelat

From Middle Dutch plate, from Old French plate.

(chiefly Suriname, colloquial) roti (unleavened flatbread)


vriend

vriend m (plural vrienden, diminutive vriendje n, feminine vriendin)

vrienden (plural)
vriendje (diminutive neuter)
vriendin (feminine)

Afrikaans: vriend

Berbice Creole Dutch: frindi

Javindo: friend

Jersey Dutch: vrînt

Negerhollands: vriend, vrient

Petjo: pring (archaic)

From Middle Dutch vrient, from Old Dutch friunt, from Proto-West Germanic *friund, from Proto-Germanic *frijōndz. Related to the verb vrijen (“to make love; to be in a relationship”).

Hoewel hij me kende, werd ik straal genegeerd. Geduldig onderging ik zijn hoogmoedigheid. Toen ik na een uurtje nog steeds lucht bleek, stapte ik op hem af. Hij diste me als een vriendje.

2021 December 17, Iwan Brave, “Minachting [Contempt]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2022-03-13:

Although he knew me, he completely ignored me. Patiently I endured his conceit. When, after an hour, I still appeared to be thin air, I approached him. He dissed me as a loser.

(Suriname, always in the diminutive, colloquial, derogatory) idiot, asshole, loser


trui

trui f (plural truien, diminutive truitje n)

truien (plural)
truitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: trui

→ West Frisian: trui

From Middle Dutch troye, from Middle Low German troie, troige, possibly from Old Norse treyja (“sleeveless jacket”) or from Latin troga (“horsehair monk's garment”).


honderd

From Middle Dutch hondert, from Old Dutch *hundert, from Proto-Germanic *hundaradą.

(Suriname, slang) great, perfect, all right


sambal

Borrowed from Malay sambal, from Javanese ꦱꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦭ꧀ (sambel). In Surinamese Dutch, it may have been directly borrowed from Javanese, although the meaning is rather distinct from the Javanese word, probably an elipsis of Javanese ꦱꦩ꧀ꦧꦼꦭ꧀ꦲꦠꦶ (sambel ati).

(Suriname) a spicy spread made of chili peppers and chicken, esp. chopped liver


banaan

nl-noun

banaan m or f (plural bananen, diminutive banaantje n)

bananen (plural)
banaantje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: banana

Negerhollands: banana

Skepi Creole Dutch: banan

→? Aukan: baana

→? Sranan Tongo: bana

→ Caribbean Hindustani: báná

→ Caribbean Javanese: banah

Borrowed from Portuguese banana, probably from a West African language.


passeren

passeren (infinitive)
passeren (gerund neuter)
passeer (first-person present singular)
passeerde (first-person past singular)
passeert (present second-person singular)
passeer (present second-person singular)
passeerde (past second-person singular)
passeert (formal present second-person singular)
passeerde (formal past second-person singular)
passeert (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
passeert (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
passeerde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
passeerde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
passeert (present singular third-person)
passeerde (past singular third-person)
passeren (plural present)
passeerden (past plural)
passere (archaic present singular subjunctive)
passeerde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
passeren (archaic plural present subjunctive)
passeerden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
passeer (imperative present singular)
passeert (archaic imperative plural present)
passerend (participle present)
gepasseerd (participle past)

Berbice Creole Dutch: paseri

Negerhollands: passeer, pasė, pase

Skepi Creole Dutch: pasere, passaer


laten

laten (infinitive)
laten (gerund neuter)
laat (first-person present singular)
liet (first-person past singular)
laat (present second-person singular)
liet (past second-person singular)
laat (formal present second-person singular)
liet (formal past second-person singular)
laat (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
laat (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
liet (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
liet (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
laat (present singular third-person)
liet (past singular third-person)
laten (plural present)
lieten (past plural)
late (archaic present singular subjunctive)
liete (archaic past singular subjunctive)
laten (archaic plural present subjunctive)
lieten (archaic past plural subjunctive)
laat (imperative present singular)
laat (archaic imperative plural present)
latend (participle present)
gelaten (participle past)

Afrikaans: laat

Berbice Creole Dutch: latn

Jersey Dutch: lâte

Skepi Creole Dutch: at

From Middle Dutch laten, from Old Dutch lātan, from Proto-West Germanic *lātan, from Proto-Germanic *lētaną.

Maar Clyde luister, luister, ik heb je je vrouw niet laten laten.

But Clyde, listen, listen, I didn't make you leave your wife.

(transitive, Suriname, colloquial) to leave someone, to end a romantic relationship


handlanger

handlanger m (plural handlangers, diminutive handlangertje n)

handlangers (plural)
handlangertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: handlanger

→ English: handlanger

/ˈɦɑntˌlɑ.ŋər/

Borrowed from German Handlanger. Equivalent to hand + langen + -er.

De Witte ontpopte zich als een handlanger van het Belgische verzet.

2015 March 13, Wout Bareman, “Waarom Rubens wel en Dirk de Witte niet”, in Provinciale Zeeuwse Courant, page 28:

(now chiefly Suriname or Zeeland, otherwise dated) assistant; helper


shutter

shutter m or f (plural shutters, diminutive shuttertje n)

shutters (plural)
shuttertje (diminutive neuter)

(Suriname) a glass or acrylic slat, a window pane of a jalousie window or louvered window

(Suriname, chiefly in the plural) a jalousie window, a louvered window (a window consisting of parallel glass or acrylic slats that can be opened and closed by tilting them simultaneously using a crank or lever)


gulden

gulden m (plural guldens, diminutive guldentje n)

guldens (plural)
guldentje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: golu

→ Lokono: gulden

→ Aukan: kolu

→ Papiamentu: heldu, eldu, gilden

→ Pidgin Delaware: gull

→ Saramaccan: kölu

→ Sranan Tongo: golu

→ Ndyuka-Trio Pidgin: kolu

From Middle Dutch guldijn, guldin, gulden, from Old Dutch *guldīn, from Proto-West Germanic *gulþīn, from Proto-Germanic *gulþīnaz. Equivalent to goud + -en, replaced in modern Dutch with gouden in most contexts (see there for more).

(Suriname, informal, colloquial) the Surinamese dollar


middag

middag m (plural middagen, diminutive middagje n)

middagen (plural)
middagje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: middag

Jersey Dutch: míddāx

Negerhollands: middag, meddag

→ Lokono: méndaka

From Middle Dutch middach. Equivalent to mid- + dag.

(Suriname) afternoon and early evening (period from 12 PM to 7 PM)


telo

From Caribbean Javanese telo, from Javanese ꦠꦺꦭ (téla), a variant of ꦏꦠꦺꦭ (katéla), a word for non-native tuberous plants that was borrowed from Portuguese Castela and thus ultimately derives from Latin castellum, making this a doublet of ketella, kasteel, chateau, Castilië, Kessel, and castellum. Cognate to Indonesian ketela.

doublet

(originally Suriname) a snack made of fried cassava


kous

nl-noun

kous f (plural kousen, diminutive kousje n)

kousen (plural)
kousje (diminutive neuter)

desctree

Afrikaans: kous
→ Sotho: kausi
→ Xhosa: ikawusi

Berbice Creole Dutch: kausu

Negerhollands: koussen, kous

→ Lokono: kauso

→ Caribbean Javanese: kaos

→ Danish: kovs

→ German: Kausch

→ Gusilay: ekawaas, gakawaas (possibly via Wolof)

→ Indonesian: kaus

→ Mandinka: kàwáasí (possibly via Wolof)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: kause

→ Polish: kausza

→ Russian: коуш (kouš)

→ Sranan Tongo: kowsu
→ Aukan: kowsu
→ Caribbean Hindustani: kausu
→ Kari'na: kosu
→ Saramaccan: köúsa

→? Swedish: kaus (alternatively from Low German)

→ Finnish: kaussi

→ Wolof: kawas

From Middle Dutch couse, from Picard Old French cauce, from Vulgar Latin calcea, from Latin calceus.


roti

nl-noun

roti m (plural roti's, diminutive rotietje n)

roti's (plural)
rotietje (diminutive neuter)

From Caribbean Hindustani roti, possibly via Sranan Tongo roti, ultimately from Hindi रोटी (roṭī).

(originally Suriname, Netherlands) the Indian Surinamese version of roti; a soft, flexible, unleavened flatbread of about 20-30 centimetres in diameter, usually with a potato or pea filling baked into it

(originally Suriname, Netherlands, metonymically) a dish served on or with a roti, usually consisting of a serving of chicken or duck curry and a serving of stewed vegetables, such as potatoes, yardlong beans, pumpkin or aubergine


puf

puf m (plural puffen, diminutive pufje n)

puffen (plural)
pufje (diminutive neuter)

Wie heeft een puf gezakt?


melden

melden (infinitive)
melden (gerund neuter)
meld (first-person present singular)
meldde (first-person past singular)
meldt (present second-person singular)
meld (present second-person singular)
meldde (past second-person singular)
meldt (formal present second-person singular)
meldde (formal past second-person singular)
meldt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
meldt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
meldde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
meldde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
meldt (present singular third-person)
meldde (past singular third-person)
melden (plural present)
meldden (past plural)
melde (archaic present singular subjunctive)
meldde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
melden (archaic plural present subjunctive)
meldden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
meld (imperative present singular)
meldt (archaic imperative plural present)
meldend (participle present)
gemeld (participle past)

→ Papiamentu: mèldu

From Middle Dutch melden, from Old Dutch *meldon (attested in maltho (“I declare”)), from Proto-West Germanic *melþōn.

Meld me als je wilt gaan.

Please let me know whether you want to go.

(transitive, Suriname, informal) to inform, to let know, to give an update


schoonbroer

schoonbroer m (plural schoonbroers, diminutive schoonbroertje n)

schoonbroers (plural)
schoonbroertje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: skonbutji (from the diminutive)

From schoon + broer, calque of Middle French beau-frere.

(chiefly Belgium and Suriname) brother-in-law


ceder

ceder m (plural ceders or cederen, diminutive cedertje n)

ceders (plural)
cederen (plural)
cedertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: seder

→ Sranan Tongo: sedre, redisedre

→ Aukan: sédé

→ Saramaccan: sedu

From Middle Dutch ceder, from Old Dutch *ceder, from Proto-West Germanic *cedr.

(Suriname) Spanish cedar, Cedrela odorata


balen

balen (infinitive)
balen (gerund neuter)
baal (first-person present singular)
baalde (first-person past singular)
baalt (present second-person singular)
baal (present second-person singular)
baalde (past second-person singular)
baalt (formal present second-person singular)
baalde (formal past second-person singular)
baalt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
baalt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
baalde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
baalde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
baalt (present singular third-person)
baalde (past singular third-person)
balen (plural present)
baalden (past plural)
bale (archaic present singular subjunctive)
baalde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
balen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
baalden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
baal (imperative present singular)
baalt (archaic imperative plural present)
balend (participle present)
gebaald (participle past)

From baal (“bale”) + -en or rather balen (“bales”), used in ironic expressions with tabak (“tobacco; something excellent”) to express frustration or annoyance; compare tabak hebben van. The reanalysis as a verb probably developed from phrases like het is balen (“it is frustrating”).

Hij baalde thuis dus hij ging buiten de stad om te gaan zwemmen.

He was bored at home, so he went out of town to go swimming.

(intransitive, Suriname) to be bored; to be mildly annoyed through having nothing to do


rustig

→ Caribbean Javanese: risteg

hoe gaat het met u
hoe gaat het met u#Dutch

hoe gaat het met je
hoe gaat het met je#Dutch

(Suriname) A conventional response to hoe gaat het met u (“how do you do”) or hoe gaat het met je (“how are you”), indicating that one is well; I'm fine, I'm doing well


tijger

tijger m (plural tijgers, diminutive tijgertje n, feminine tijgerin)

tijgers (plural)
tijgertje (diminutive neuter)
tijgerin (feminine)

Afrikaans: tier

Berbice Creole Dutch: tigri

Sranan Tongo: tigri

→ West Frisian: tijger

From Middle Dutch tiger, from Old French tigre, from Latin tigris.

Panthera onca
Panthera onca#Translingual

Puma concolor
Puma concolor#Translingual

(Suriname) a puma, cougar, Puma concolor

(figurative, in compounds) a fanatic, enthusiastic or otherwise highly motivated person


paars

nl-adj

paars (comparative paarser, superlative meest paars or paarst)

paarser (comparative)
meest paars (superlative)
paarst (superlative)
paars (adverbial positive predicative)
paarser (adverbial comparative predicative)
het paarst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het paarste (adverbial predicative superlative)
paarse (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
paarsere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
paarste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
paars (indefinite neuter positive singular)
paarser (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
paarste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
paarse (indefinite plural positive)
paarsere (comparative indefinite plural)
paarste (indefinite plural superlative)
paarse (definite positive)
paarsere (comparative definite)
paarste (definite superlative)
paars (partitive positive)
paarsers (comparative partitive)

From Middle Dutch paers, peers, pers (“purple”), from Middle French pers (“blue-grey, dark violet”), from Medieval Latin persus, persum (“dark blue”). Possibly derived from either Latin Persae (“Persians”), Persia (“Persia”), referring to the colour of a garment, or from Late Latin persica (“peach”), referring to the colour of peach blossom.

der

Edam gedraagt zich zo, omdat hij denkt dat hij onaantastbaar is vanwege zijn paars zijn.

2020 February 8, Naomi Hoever, “Specialist aangeklaagd na opmerking over politieke kleur [Medical specialist charged after remark on political affiliation]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2021-06-10:

Mr Edam behaves this way because he thinks he is untouchable because of his being a National Democratic Party loyalist.

(politics, Suriname) relating to the National Democratic Party


paars

→ Papiamentu: püs, pis

Paars is teruggevallen van 26 naar 16 zetels.

2020 May 30, Naomi Hoever, “NDP'ers voelen zich verraden [NDP members feel betrayed]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2021-06-10:

The National Democratic Party dropped from 26 to 16 seats.

(politics, Suriname) the National Democratic Party


tof

nl-adj

tof (comparative toffer, superlative tofst)

toffer (comparative)
tofst (superlative)

De Surinaamse Politiebond (SPB) gaat toffe tijden tegemoet. Daarom heeft secretaris Mielando Atompai alle leden opgeroepen om de algemene ledenvergaderingen (alv's) te bezoeken.

2016 July 28, “Secretaris Atompai: Politiebond gaat toffe tijden tegemoet [Secretary Atompai: police union faces tough times]”, in StarNieuws, retrieved 2021-01-11:

The Surinamese Police Union (SPB) is facing tough times. That is why secretary Mielando Atompai has called on all members to attend the members' general assemblies.


boulanger

nl-noun

boulanger m (plural boulangers, diminutive boulangertje n)

boulangers (plural)
boulangertje (diminutive neuter)

From French beringène. from Spanish berenjena, from Arabic بَاذِنْجَان (bāḏinjān), from Persian بادنجان (bâdenjân). Compare Antillean French bélangère ("aubergine") and Guadeloupean Creole French bélanjè ("aubergine"). Doublet of aubergine.

der

Arabic بَاذِنْجَان (bāḏinjān)

Vroeger werden allerlei soort groenten opgediend, daarbij wist men nog: het is van mijn eigen grondje. Tegenwoordig alleen boulanger en kouseband en daar zorgt de leverancier in de stad voor.

1937 May 12, “CHATILLON”, in De Surinamer : nieuws- en advertentieblad, page 4:

In the old days, all kinds of vegetables were served, and people still knew: it comes from my own allotment. Nowadays only aubergines and yardlong beans [are served] and the supplier in town takes care of that.

Solanum melongena
Solanum melongena#Translingual

(Suriname) Solanum melongena; eggplant, aubergine


bediende

nl-noun

bediende f (plural bediendes, diminutive bediendetje n)

bediendes (plural)
bediendetje (diminutive neuter)

Inflected form of bediend, calque of German Bedienter.


kapitein

kapitein m (plural kapiteins, diminutive kapiteintje n)

kapiteins (plural)
kapiteintje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kaptein

Berbice Creole Dutch: kaptin

Negerhollands: kapitein, captein

→ Lokono: kapitan

→ Aukan: kabiten

→ Caribbean Javanese: kaptèn

desctree

→ Indonesian: kapten
→ Min Nan: 甲丁 (kap-teng, “captain”)

→ Kwinti: kapte

→ Min Nan: 甲必丹 (kap-pit-tan)

→ Sranan Tongo: kapten

→ Kari'na: kapiteni

→ Trió: kapitein

From Middle Dutch capitein, from Old French capitaine, from Medieval Latin capitāneus.

Ontevreden bewoners van Wit Santi eisen het aftreden van Patrick Mande, kapitein van het dorp, omdat de zittingstermijn van het dorpsbestuur in 2018 is verstreken. Ook zou het dorpshoofd grond hebben verkocht; de opbrengst zou hij voor zichzelf hebben gehouden.

2020 March 1, Gilliamo Orban, “Dorpelingen Wit Santi eisen aftreden kapitein [Wit Santi villagers demand resignation of village chief]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2021-04-28:

Disgruntled residents of Wit Santi demand the resignation of Patrick Mande, the village chief, because the term of the village council expired in 2018. The village headman is also alleged to have sold off land, keeping the proceeds for himself.

(Suriname) Amerindian or Maroon tribal village chief


koelie

nl-noun

koelie m (plural koelies, diminutive koelietje n)

koelies (plural)
koelietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: koelie

→ Caribbean Javanese: kuli

→ Papiamentu: kuli

→ Sranan Tongo: kuli

(Suriname, derogatory, offensive) coolie (Indian Surinamese person, a Surinamese person of Indian descent)


eenieder

De ouders (...) zijn een ieder van het Surinaams team en het Nederlands team heel erg dankbaar.

2020 December 31, “Baby Amalia naar huis [Baby Amalia goes home]”, in StarNieuws, retrieved 2021-01-13:

The parents (...) are very grateful to everyone on the Surinamese team and the Dutch team.

(current in Suriname, formal in the Netherlands and Belgium) everyone


hemd

hemd n (plural hemden, diminutive hemdje n)

hemden (plural)
hemdje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hemp (see there for further descendants)

Berbice Creole Dutch: hemdu

Jersey Dutch: häämt

Negerhollands: hemmede, hemmete, hemete

Skepi Creole Dutch: hemde

→ Lokono: hemede

→ Indonesian: hem (“shirt”)

→ Mahican: hámed

→ Munsee: héemput

→ Sranan Tongo: empi (see there for further descendants)

→ Unami: hèmpës

→ West Frisian: himd

From Middle Dutch hemde, hemede, from Old Dutch *hemithi, from Proto-West Germanic *hamiþi (“shirt”).

(now Belgium, Suriname) a shirt (article of clothing)


spinazie

→ Caribbean Javanese: spinangsi

→ Papiamentu: spinazi, spinasji

From Middle Dutch spinagie, from Old French espinache, from Latin spinachium, Old Spanish espinaca, from Arabic إسفاناخ, from Persian اسفناج.

der

Arabic إسفاناخ

(Suriname) Malabar spinach, Basella alba


bloes

nl-noun

bloes f (plural bloesen or bloezen, diminutive bloesje n)

bloesen (plural)
bloezen (plural)
bloesje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bloes

Petjo: bloes (archaic)

→ Caribbean Hindustani: blus

→ Caribbean Javanese: blus

→ Indonesian: blus


straks

(Suriname, elsewhere dialectal) immediately, right now


officier

officier m (plural officieren or officiers, diminutive officiertje n)

officieren (plural)
officiers (plural)
officiertje (diminutive neuter)

Phono-semantic matching of English overseer. Doublet of bastiaan and basya.


blom

nl-noun

blom f (plural blommen, diminutive blommetje n or blommeke n or blommechie n)

blommen (plural)
blommetje (diminutive neuter)
blommeke (diminutive neuter)
blommechie (diminutive neuter)


gebak

gebak n (uncountable, diminutive gebakje n)

(collective, Suriname, elsewhere obsolete) pastry, whether sweet or savoury


granman

"Er is nog altijd verdeeldheid", bevestigt districtscommissaris Frits Dinge van bestuursressort Boven-Suriname. "De kapiteins en basya's ondersteunen granman Aboikoni niet."

2021 June 12, Samuel Wens, “Wie van de drie is granman? [Which one of the three is paramount chief?]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2021-06-17:

"There still is discord," District Commissioner Frits Dinge of the Upper Suriname administrative district confirms. "The village chiefs and assistant village chiefs do not support paramount chief Aboikoni."

Granman Asongo Alalaparoe van de Trio-inheemsen heeft onlangs jagers weggestuurd uit een plek die volgens hem behoort tot het woon- en leefgebied van zijn stam.

2020 August 27, Gilliamo Orban, “Granman Trio's belet jagers om gebied te betreden [Tiriyo paramount chief prevents hunters from entering territory]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2021-06-21:

Chief Asongo Alalaparoe of the Tiriyo Amerindians recently turned away hunters from a place he considers part of his tribe's habitat.

(Suriname) paramount chief of a Maroon or Amerindian tribe


zuiver

From Middle Dutch suver, from Old Dutch *sūvar, from Latin sōbrius. Doublet of sober.

(Suriname, colloquial) that's right, correct, exactly, agreed


bordeaux

Borrowed from French Bordeaux (“a city and wine region in southwest France”), bordeaux.

bor

(...) in Suriname bezitten zelfs de meest nationalistische figuren gewoon bordeaux.

2007 November 5, Anil Ramdas, “Bordeaux en donkerblauw [Claret and dark blue]”, in NRC Handelsblad, page 9:

In Suriname, even the most nationalistic types are in possession of a Dutch passport.

(Suriname, slang, uncountable) a Dutch passport, Dutch citizenship; a Dutch citizen


aanhouden

aanhouden (infinitive)
aanhouden (gerund neuter)
hou aan (first-person main-clause present singular)
houd aan (first-person main-clause present singular)
hield aan (first-person main-clause past singular)
aanhou (first-person present singular subordinate-clause)
aanhoud (first-person present singular subordinate-clause)
aanhield (first-person past singular subordinate-clause)
houdt aan (main-clause present second-person singular)
hou aan (main-clause present second-person singular)
houd aan (main-clause present second-person singular)
hield aan (main-clause past second-person singular)
aanhoudt (present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
aanhield (past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
houdt aan (formal main-clause present second-person singular)
hield aan (formal main-clause past second-person singular)
aanhoudt (formal present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
aanhield (formal past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
houdt aan (Flanders colloquial main-clause present second-person singular)
houdt aan (archaic formal main-clause majestic present second-person singular)
hieldt aan (Flanders colloquial main-clause past second-person singular)
hieldt aan (archaic formal main-clause majestic past second-person singular)
aanhoudt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
aanhoudt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
aanhieldt (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
aanhieldt (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
houdt aan (main-clause present singular third-person)
hield aan (main-clause past singular third-person)
aanhoudt (present singular subordinate-clause third-person)
aanhield (past singular subordinate-clause third-person)
houden aan (main-clause plural present)
hielden aan (main-clause past plural)
aanhouden (plural present subordinate-clause)
aanhielden (past plural subordinate-clause)
houde aan (archaic main-clause present singular subjunctive)
hielde aan (archaic main-clause past singular subjunctive)
aanhoude (archaic present singular subjunctive subordinate-clause)
aanhielde (archaic past singular subjunctive subordinate-clause)
houden aan (archaic main-clause plural present subjunctive)
hielden aan (archaic main-clause past plural subjunctive)
aanhouden (archaic plural present subjunctive subordinate-clause)
aanhielden (archaic past plural subjunctive subordinate-clause)
hou aan (imperative main-clause present singular)
houd aan (imperative main-clause present singular)
houdt aan (archaic imperative main-clause plural present)
aanhoudend (main-clause participle present)
aangehouden (main-clause participle past)

From Middle Dutch aenhouden. Equivalent to aan + houden.

Houd u aan.

(now chiefly Suriname) to wait on a telephone call


kraker

nl-noun

kraker m (plural krakers, diminutive krakertje n)

krakers (plural)
krakertje (diminutive neuter)

Maar ondanks het aanvuren van de vele Dyompo-krakers en de medewerking van de bomen, ging Wind als eerste langs de laatste controlepost.

2009, Orlando Emanuels, Dyompo's reis om de wereld [Dyompo's voyage around the world], Paramaribo: Nationale Stichting Kinderboekenfestival Suriname, →ISBN, page 20:

But despite the shouts of support coming from Dyompo's many supporters, and the assistance of the trees, Wind was first to pass the final checkpoint.

(Suriname) supporter (someone who is a fan of a certain sports team or sportsperson)


pagara

pagara m (plural pagara's, diminutive pagaraatje n)

pagara's (plural)
pagaraatje (diminutive neuter)

From Sranan Tongo pagara, from Kari'na pagala. Doublet of pagaal.

De aanvang van de wedstrijd werd gemarkeerd door het afsteken van een ,,pagara".

1934 August 29, “Sport en Spel.”, in De Surinamer : nieuws- en advertentieblad, page 3:

The start of the match was marked by firing off a firecracker roll.

Op zo'n maanheldere avond verwacht je niet dat ze een grote pagara-vuurwerk zullen afschieten op de grote cementen bak, het waterreservoir, waarin Lucia de vorige week zondag in haar spel met bloemen verdronk.

1973, Leo H. Ferrier, “Notities van een vriend [Notes of a friend]”, in Tirade, →ISSN, page 459:

On such a moonlit evening, you wouldn't expect them to be firing off a large firecracker roll at the large concrete tank, the water reservoir, in which Lucia drowned during her play with flowers on Sunday last week.

(Suriname) firecracker string, firecracker roll


porknokker

porknokker m (plural porknokkers, diminutive porknokkertje n)

porknokkers (plural)
porknokkertje (diminutive neuter)

(slang, Suriname) a smallscale, one-man open pit gold mining operation


kweek

kweek m (plural kweken, diminutive kweekje n)

kweken (plural)
kweekje (diminutive neuter)

(Suriname, always in the diminutive) foster child


bossen

From Sranan Tongo bòs, likely from English bust.

(intransitive, Suriname) to bust, to burst, to split

(intransitive, Suriname, figuratively) to fail


klapper

klapper m (plural klappers, diminutive klappertje n)

klappers (plural)
klappertje (diminutive neuter)

(Netherlands, Indonesia, Suriname) coconut


inheemse

Van alle bevolkingsgroepen in Suriname leven de inheemsen het meest in onzekerheid over hun voortbestaan omdat hun collectieve grondenrechten nog steeds niet bij wet zijn vastgelegd.

2022 February 21, Ivan Cairo, “Harde aanklacht inheemsen over uitblijven collectieve rechten [Amerindians strongly condemn lack of collective rights]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2022-03-25:

Of all the ethnic groups in Suriname, the Amerindians live in the greatest uncertainty about their survival because their collective land rights have still not been enshrined in law.

(Suriname) an Amerindian Surinamese person

De katholieke kerk schiet tekort in haar reactie op de kwestie van de kindergraven, vindt Rennie Nahanee, diaken bij de St. Paul’s Indian Church, een imposante houten kerk op een reservaat van de Squamish Nation in Noord-Vancouver. „De bisschoppen zeggen telkens ‘we willen aan jullie zijde staan’ en ‘een dialoog aangaan’ met inheemsen, maar ik weet niet wat dat betekent”, zegt hij. „Ik geloof dat er nog steeds racisme en intolerantie is binnen de katholieke kerk tegen inheemse mensen.”

2021 July 16, Frank Kuin, “‘Gebeurde dit met kinderen in naam van God? Eerder in naam van Satan’ ['Was this done to children in the name of God? More like in the name of Satan']”, in NRC Handelsblad, retrieved 2022-03-25:

The Catholic Church is falling short in its response to the issue of children's graves, says Rennie Nahanee, a deacon at St. Paul's Indian Church, an imposing wooden church on a Squamish Nation reservation in North Vancouver. "The bishops keep saying 'we want to be on your side' and 'to engage in dialogue' with First Nations people, but I don't know what that is supposed to mean," he says. "I believe there is still racism and intolerance within the Catholic Church against First Nations people."

(Suriname, uncommon elsewhere) a member of an ethnic group indigenous to a region or country subsequently colonised by Europeans; Native American, Amerindian, Indian, First Nations, Aboriginal person


steenezel

steenezel m (plural steenezels, diminutive steenezeltje n)

steenezels (plural)
steenezeltje (diminutive neuter)

From steen (“stone”) + ezel (“ass, donkey”).


revo

(Suriname, politics, chiefly colloquial) the 1980 Surinamese coup d'état

Met regelmaat werden andersdenkenden of tegenstanders van de 'Revo' van hun bed gelicht of aangegeven bij de omhoog gevallen militaire autoriteiten.

2016 March 3, Stuart Rahan, “A Revo skefti [The revolution went off]”, in De Ware Tijd, archived from the original on 2022-02-01:

Dissidents or opponents of the military dictatorship were regularly dragged from their beds or reported to the upstart military authorities.

(Suriname, politics, chiefly colloquial, by extension) the self-proclaimed revolutionary military dictatorship that ruled Suriname following the 1980 coup until 1991


opknappen

opknappen (infinitive)
opknappen (gerund neuter)
knap op (first-person main-clause present singular)
knapte op (first-person main-clause past singular)
opknap (first-person present singular subordinate-clause)
opknapte (first-person past singular subordinate-clause)
knapt op (main-clause present second-person singular)
knap op (main-clause present second-person singular)
knapte op (main-clause past second-person singular)
opknapt (present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
opknapte (past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
knapt op (formal main-clause present second-person singular)
knapte op (formal main-clause past second-person singular)
opknapt (formal present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
opknapte (formal past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
knapt op (Flanders colloquial main-clause present second-person singular)
knapt op (archaic formal main-clause majestic present second-person singular)
knapte op (Flanders colloquial main-clause past second-person singular)
knapte op (archaic formal main-clause majestic past second-person singular)
opknapt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
opknapt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
opknapte (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
opknapte (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
knapt op (main-clause present singular third-person)
knapte op (main-clause past singular third-person)
opknapt (present singular subordinate-clause third-person)
opknapte (past singular subordinate-clause third-person)
knappen op (main-clause plural present)
knapten op (main-clause past plural)
opknappen (plural present subordinate-clause)
opknapten (past plural subordinate-clause)
knappe op (archaic main-clause present singular subjunctive)
knapte op (archaic main-clause past singular subjunctive)
opknappe (archaic present singular subjunctive subordinate-clause)
opknapte (archaic past singular subjunctive subordinate-clause)
knappen op (archaic main-clause plural present subjunctive)
knapten op (archaic main-clause past plural subjunctive)
opknappen (archaic plural present subjunctive subordinate-clause)
opknapten (archaic past plural subjunctive subordinate-clause)
knap op (imperative main-clause present singular)
knapt op (archaic imperative main-clause plural present)
opknappend (main-clause participle present)
opgeknapt (main-clause participle past)

Afrikaans: opknap

→ West Frisian: opknappe


Surinaams

(Netherlands, proscribed in Suriname) Sranan Tongo (language)


puffen

puffen (infinitive)
puffen (gerund neuter)
puf (first-person present singular)
pufte (first-person past singular)
puft (present second-person singular)
puf (present second-person singular)
pufte (past second-person singular)
puft (formal present second-person singular)
pufte (formal past second-person singular)
puft (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
puft (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
pufte (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
pufte (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
puft (present singular third-person)
pufte (past singular third-person)
puffen (plural present)
puften (past plural)
puffe (archaic present singular subjunctive)
pufte (archaic past singular subjunctive)
puffen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
puften (archaic past plural subjunctive)
puf (imperative present singular)
puft (archaic imperative plural present)
puffend (participle present)
gepuft (participle past)

From Middle Dutch puffen, sharing an imitative Proto-Germanic base with Old English pyffan, Middle English puffen, English puff. Compare Middle Low German puffen.

onomatopoeic

imitative

Een voorganger van een Zuid-Afrikaanse kerk beweert dat hij in de gezichten van zijn kerkbezoekers puft in een poging ze te genezen. De pastoor zit met zijn volle gewicht op de hoofden van de leden van zijn gemeenschap en puft vervolgens.

2021 March 20, “Pastoor puft in mensen hun gezicht om ze te genezen [Pastor farts in people's faces to cure them]”, in GFC Nieuws, retrieved 2021-03-21:

A pastor of a South African church claims that he farts into the faces of his churchgoers in an attempt to cure them. The pastor sits with his full weight on the heads of the members of his community and then breaks wind.

(Suriname) to flatulate, to break wind, to fart


emancipatie

Afrikaans: emansipasie

→ Indonesian: emansipasi

→ Sranan Tongo: manspasi

Borrowed from Middle French émancipation, from Latin ēmancipātiō. Equivalent to emanciperen + -atie.


schel

nl-noun

schel f or m (plural schellen, diminutive schelletje n)

schellen (plural)
schelletje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: skel

→ Caribbean Javanese: sekèl

(current in Suriname, dated in the Netherlands) bell, doorbell


uitlopen

uitlopen (infinitive)
uitlopen (gerund neuter)
loop uit (first-person main-clause present singular)
liep uit (first-person main-clause past singular)
uitloop (first-person present singular subordinate-clause)
uitliep (first-person past singular subordinate-clause)
loopt uit (main-clause present second-person singular)
loop uit (main-clause present second-person singular)
liep uit (main-clause past second-person singular)
uitloopt (present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
uitliep (past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
loopt uit (formal main-clause present second-person singular)
liep uit (formal main-clause past second-person singular)
uitloopt (formal present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
uitliep (formal past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
loopt uit (Flanders colloquial main-clause present second-person singular)
loopt uit (archaic formal main-clause majestic present second-person singular)
liept uit (Flanders colloquial main-clause past second-person singular)
liept uit (archaic formal main-clause majestic past second-person singular)
uitloopt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
uitloopt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
uitliept (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
uitliept (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
loopt uit (main-clause present singular third-person)
liep uit (main-clause past singular third-person)
uitloopt (present singular subordinate-clause third-person)
uitliep (past singular subordinate-clause third-person)
lopen uit (main-clause plural present)
liepen uit (main-clause past plural)
uitlopen (plural present subordinate-clause)
uitliepen (past plural subordinate-clause)
lope uit (archaic main-clause present singular subjunctive)
liepe uit (archaic main-clause past singular subjunctive)
uitlope (archaic present singular subjunctive subordinate-clause)
uitliepe (archaic past singular subjunctive subordinate-clause)
lopen uit (archaic main-clause plural present subjunctive)
liepen uit (archaic main-clause past plural subjunctive)
uitlopen (archaic plural present subjunctive subordinate-clause)
uitliepen (archaic past plural subjunctive subordinate-clause)
loop uit (imperative main-clause present singular)
loopt uit (archaic imperative main-clause plural present)
uitlopend (main-clause participle present)
uitgelopen (main-clause participle past)

Afrikaans: uitloop

Negerhollands: loop yt

"Iedereen weet dat uitlopen niet goed is. Doe je het toch, dan ga je voor de consequenties staan", zegt Finke.

2015 August 20, Shanavon Arsomedjo, “'Praten over vreemdgaan helpt bij bewustwording' [Discussing cheating helps to raise awareness']”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2021-09-09:

"Everyone knows that cheating is wrong. If you do it anyway, you face the consequences," says Finke.

(Suriname) to be unfaithful to one's spouse or partner, to cheat


baksis

From English baksheesh, ultimately from Persian بخشش. Cognate of Sranan Tongo baksis.

Zij vonden samen in het zand een cent, juist enkele ogenblikken vóórdat zo'n jongetje met een tros windmolentjes in onze straat kwam venten. De wet van vraag en aanbod deed zich gelden. Met nóg een cent, die zij van ons kregen, kochten zij twee molentjes en kregen er een bij als baksies.

ca. 1959, Coen Ooft, Spanhoek, Paramaribo: W.L. Salm, page 95:

Together they found a cent in the sand, precisely seconds before one of those little boys with a bunch of pinwheels came peddling in our street. The law of supply and demand took effect. With another cent, provided by us, they bought two pinwheels and got one more as a discount.

(Suriname) something that is given free of charge with a purchase, usually more of the same product, by way of a discount

Het publiek geniet van de ene oldskoolhit na de andere: ‘Against All Odds’, ‘Endless Summer Nights’ en hij sluit de spannende set af met de veel aangevraagde ‘Kiss from a Rose’ van Seal waarmee hij in Nederland naam maakte tijdens de Soundmixshow. Als baksis volgt de Suripopklassieker ‘Arki Mi’ van Ricky en Howard Cheng A June.

2022 August 28, Tascha Aveloo, “Cherwin Muringen knalt tijdens ‘unplugged night’ [Cherwin Muringen on fire during 'unplugged night']”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2023-10-04:

The audience relishes one oldschool hit after another: 'Against All Odds', 'Endless Summer Nights', and he rounds off the exciting set with Seal's much requested 'Kiss from a Rose' with which he made a name for himself in the Netherlands on the Soundmixshow. The Suripop classic 'Arki Mi' by Ricky and Howard Cheng A June follows as an encore.


verwittigen

verwittigen (infinitive)
verwittigen (gerund neuter)
verwittig (first-person present singular)
verwittigde (first-person past singular)
verwittigt (present second-person singular)
verwittig (present second-person singular)
verwittigde (past second-person singular)
verwittigt (formal present second-person singular)
verwittigde (formal past second-person singular)
verwittigt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
verwittigt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
verwittigde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
verwittigde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
verwittigt (present singular third-person)
verwittigde (past singular third-person)
verwittigen (plural present)
verwittigden (past plural)
verwittige (archaic present singular subjunctive)
verwittigde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
verwittigen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
verwittigden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
verwittig (imperative present singular)
verwittigt (archaic imperative plural present)
verwittigend (participle present)
verwittigd (participle past)

From Middle Dutch [Term?]; contains the prefix ver-. The element -wittig- represents the Middle Dutch adjective wittich, deriving from Proto-West Germanic *witīg and relating to the modern verb weten.

(Belgium, Suriname) to inform, to notify


neut

neut f (plural neuten, diminutive neutje n)

neuten (plural)
neutje (diminutive neuter)

Probably a dialectal form of noot (“nut, small thing”).

Vooral bewoners van woningen op neuten hebben praktisch de hele dag geen water.

1979 October 30, “Ministerraad over waterproblemen [Council of Ministers on water problems]”, in Vrije Stem: onafhankelijk weekblad voor Suriname, page 10:

In particular, residents of dwellings on stilts have no water practically all day long.

(Suriname, metonymically) one of the columns, pillars, or stilts that lift a building above ground or water; piloti


vp

(chiefly Suriname) Initialism of vicepresident (“vice president”).


tajer

Borrowed from Portuguese tajá. Cognate of Sranan Tongo taya.

Ik gaf ordres dezelve met alle spoed te volgen, dat met alle moogelyke schielykheid geëxecuteerd wierd, en ons om half drie uuren bragt in een Kostgrond, groot circa 10 akkers, beplant met Casaven, Bannane, Tayers, Pindas, Okkerom, en Tabak (...).

1796, [Charles Brouwn], “Historie der oorlogen met de Marrons of Surinaamsche boschnegers. [History of the wars with the Maroons or Surinamese bush negroes]”, in Surinaamsche Staatkundige Almanach voor den Jaare 1796, Paramaribo: W.P. Wilkens, page 108:

I gave orders to follow them at full speed, which were executed with all possibly hastiness, and, at half past two, we got to a plot of land cleared for subsistence agriculture, measuring about 10 distinct fields, planted with cassava, banana, cocoyam, peanut, okra, and tobacco (...).

arrowleaf elephant ear
arrowleaf elephant ear

Xanthosoma sagittifolium
Xanthosoma sagittifolium#Translingual

(chiefly Suriname) new cocoyam, arrowleaf elephant ear, Xanthosoma sagittifolium

Colocasia esculenta
Colocasia esculenta#Translingual

(chiefly Suriname) old cocoyam, taro, Colocasia esculenta


trens

trens m or f (plural trenzen, diminutive trensje n)

trenzen (plural)
trensje (diminutive neuter)

(Suriname) ditch, trench, drainage or irrigation canal


wied

From Middle Dutch wied (“weed”), from Old Dutch *wiod, from Proto-West Germanic *weud. Doublet of wiet (“marijuana”), which came from English weed (“marijuana”).


doctorandus

doctorandus m (plural doctorandi or doctorandussen, diminutive doctorandusje n, feminine doctoranda)

doctorandi (plural)
doctorandussen (plural)
doctorandusje (diminutive neuter)
doctoranda (feminine)

→ English: doctorandus

→ Indonesian: doktorandus

→ Sranan Tongo: datra (semantic loan)

Borrowed from Latin doctorandus (“who is to be awarded a doctorate”).

bor

'Kamil is doctorandus', riep Lina. 'Goedenavond, gaat u zitten', fluisterde de doctorandus vervolgens.

2009, Hein Steinhauer, Leerboek Indonesisch [Indonesian Language Textbook], KITLV/Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies, →ISBN, page 76:

'Kamil has a university degree!', Lina called out. 'Good evening, please have a seat', the graduate whispered subsequently.

(Netherlands, Suriname) doctorandus, graduate with a master's degree


zwamp

nl-noun

zwamp m (plural zwampen, diminutive zwampje n)

zwampen (plural)
zwampje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Hindustani: sampu

Borrowed from English swamp. Related to Dutch zomp (“swamp”) and zwam (“mushroom”).


buitenvrouw

buitenvrouw f (plural buitenvrouwen, diminutive buitenvrouwtje n)

buitenvrouwen (plural)
buitenvrouwtje (diminutive neuter)

→ Sranan Tongo: buitenfrow

Compound of buiten (“outside”) + vrouw (“wife”).

Dat sommige mannen er een buitenvrouw op nahouden, is algemeen bekend en misschien zelfs ingeburgerd.

2015 April 27, Natalie Waal, “Deze is zeker stiekem een homo! [This one is definitely gay in secret!]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2021-06-26:

That some men have a mistress is common knowledge and has perhaps even become socially accepted.

(Suriname) a woman one is romantically involved with in addition to one's primary partner, usually in secret; a mistress; a kept woman


pikaks

pikaks f (plural pikaksen, diminutive pikaksje n)

pikaksen (plural)
pikaksje (diminutive neuter)

From pikken (“to pick”) + aks (“axe”), likely a loan translation of English pickax.


lemmetje

Afrikaans: lemmetjie

→ Sranan Tongo: lemki

From limmetje, from a Romance language + -tje.


spieren

spieren (infinitive)
spieren (gerund neuter)
spier (first-person present singular)
spierde (first-person past singular)
spiert (present second-person singular)
spier (present second-person singular)
spierde (past second-person singular)
spiert (formal present second-person singular)
spierde (formal past second-person singular)
spiert (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
spiert (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
spierde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
spierde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
spiert (present singular third-person)
spierde (past singular third-person)
spieren (plural present)
spierden (past plural)
spiere (archaic present singular subjunctive)
spierde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
spieren (archaic plural present subjunctive)
spierden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
spier (imperative present singular)
spiert (archaic imperative plural present)
spierend (participle present)
gespierd (participle past)

(intransitive, reflexive, Suriname, vulgar) to have a hard-on, to have an erection


goudvink

goudvink m (plural goudvinken, diminutive goudvinkje n)

goudvinken (plural)
goudvinkje (diminutive neuter)

→ West Frisian: goudfink

(Suriname) the burnished-buff tanager, Tangara cayana


doekoe

Borrowed from Sranan Tongo duku (“money”), from Dutch doek.

Gast, ik vind die baan als administratief medewerker bij de dienst Vergunningen boemlauw, maar hoeveel doekoe schuift het?

2013, Kluun, Klunen, Podium b.v. Uitgeverij, →ISBN, page 80:

Dude, I think that job as an administrative clerk for the licensing department is wicked, but what kind of dough are we talking about?

(Suriname, Netherlands, slang) money, dough


hosselen

hosselen (infinitive)
hosselen (gerund neuter)
hossel (first-person present singular)
hosselde (first-person past singular)
hosselt (present second-person singular)
hossel (present second-person singular)
hosselde (past second-person singular)
hosselt (formal present second-person singular)
hosselde (formal past second-person singular)
hosselt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
hosselt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
hosselde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
hosselde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
hosselt (present singular third-person)
hosselde (past singular third-person)
hosselen (plural present)
hosselden (past plural)
hossele (archaic present singular subjunctive)
hosselde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
hosselen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
hosselden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
hossel (imperative present singular)
hosselt (archaic imperative plural present)
hosselend (participle present)
gehosseld (participle past)

→ Caribbean Hindustani: hossel kare

From Surinamese Dutch slang, either from English hustle (which itself derives from Dutch) or directly from hutselen, frequentative of hutsen, from Middle Dutch.

(Suriname, Netherlands) to acquire something or subsist with difficulty

(Suriname, Netherlands, slang) to obtain money illicitly, especially through drug dealing; to hustle


bakkeljauw

bakkeljauw m (plural bakkeljauwen, diminutive bakkeljauwtje n)

bakkeljauwen (plural)
bakkeljauwtje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: bakliau

Skepi Creole Dutch: bakliau

→ Caribbean Hindustani: bacau

→ Sranan Tongo: batyaw, bákjáu

→ Dutch: batyaw

→ Saramaccan: bakajáu

Borrowed from Portuguese bacalhau (“cod”). Related to Dutch kabeljauw.

(Suriname, chiefly uncountable) salt cod


rossen

rossen (infinitive)
rossen (gerund neuter)
ros (first-person present singular)
roste (first-person past singular)
rost (present second-person singular)
ros (present second-person singular)
roste (past second-person singular)
rost (formal present second-person singular)
roste (formal past second-person singular)
rost (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
rost (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
roste (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
roste (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
rost (present singular third-person)
roste (past singular third-person)
rossen (plural present)
rosten (past plural)
rosse (archaic present singular subjunctive)
roste (archaic past singular subjunctive)
rossen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
rosten (archaic past plural subjunctive)
ros (imperative present singular)
rost (archaic imperative plural present)
rossend (participle present)
gerost (participle past)

→ Sranan Tongo: ros

→ Caribbean Javanese: ros, ngeros

Uncertain. Possibly from ros + -en, a shortening of roskammen or related to French rosser.


houwer

houwer m (plural houwers, diminutive houwertje n)

houwers (plural)
houwertje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: hauru

Negerhollands: houwer

→ Lokono: hauro

→ Aukan: how

→ Papiamentu: houru, houwer

→ Sranan Tongo: owru

From Middle Dutch houwere. Equivalent to houwen + -er.


ampas

(chiefly Indonesia, Suriname) bagasse (the residue from processing sugar cane after the juice is extracted)


poentje

Diminutive form derived from Sranan Tongo puni, possibly related to English poon.

2011 July 12, Renske de Greef, “Ze konden mijn poentje zien”, column, NRC Handelsblad

For ten rounds I showed my vagina in a sort of gynecological position to the go-kart track.

Ik heb tien rondjes lang in een soort gynaecologische positie mijn poentje aan de kartbaan laten zien.


boelen

boelen (infinitive)
boelen (gerund neuter)
boel (first-person present singular)
boelde (first-person past singular)
boelt (present second-person singular)
boel (present second-person singular)
boelde (past second-person singular)
boelt (formal present second-person singular)
boelde (formal past second-person singular)
boelt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
boelt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
boelde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
boelde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
boelt (present singular third-person)
boelde (past singular third-person)
boelen (plural present)
boelden (past plural)
boele (archaic present singular subjunctive)
boelde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
boelen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
boelden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
boel (imperative present singular)
boelt (archaic imperative plural present)
boelend (participle present)
geboeld (participle past)

→ Sranan Tongo: bulu

‘Ow, wat leuk’, zei ze, en toen boog zij zich naar me toe en zei fluisterend: ‘maar pas op, hij boelt; hij heeft het zelf aan een paar leerlingen gezegd.’

2013 August 1, Rappa, “Boeler”, in Parbode:

‘Oh, how nice’, she said, and then she leaned over to me and said, whispering, ‘but watch out, he's a homo; he said so himself to a few students’.

(intransitive, Suriname, derogatory) to be a homosexual


kabula

Unadapted borrowing from Sranan Tongo kabula.

ubor

(Suriname) a dance and music genre evolved from kaseko, characterised by sexually suggestive lyrics and dance movements


doks

nl-noun

doks m (plural doksen, diminutive doksje n)

doksen (plural)
doksje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Sranan Tongo doksi, from English ducks.


toespijs

toespijs f or m (plural toespijzen, diminutive toespijsje n)

toespijzen (plural)
toespijsje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch toespise. Equivalent to toe (“to-; additional; after-”) + spijs (“food, meal”). Compare German Zuspeise, Ancient Greek προσφάγιον (prosphágion).

compound

Ga rustig in je tuin of kostgrond werken, met je kinderen bezig zijn en klusjes in huis afmaken, zolang je water en brood en rijst met wat toespijs en groente uit de tuin hebt…

2020 April 5, Rappa, “Column: Politieke Borrelpraat 606 [Column: Political Banter 606]”, in StarNieuws, retrieved 2022-11-10:

Go and work quietly in your garden or allotment, spend some time with your children and finish chores around the house, as long as you have water and bread and rice with some sidedishes and vegetables from the garden...

(current in Suriname, archaic in the Netherlands and Belgium) side dish


okselmouw

Compound of oksel (“armpit”) + mouw (“sleeve”).


bacove

Berbice Creole Dutch: bakofu, bakof

Negerhollands: bakoba, bakuba

Skepi Creole Dutch: bakofa

Sranan Tongo: bakuba, bakba

Aukan: bakuba

Saramaccan: bakúba

→ Caribbean Hindustani: bakwa

→ Lokono: bakofa

→ Virgin Islands Creole: bacuba

Borrowed from Portuguese pacova or pacoba (“banana”), ultimately from Old Tupi pakoba (“rolling leaf”).


korjaal

nl-noun

korjaal f (plural korjalen, diminutive korjaaltje n)

korjalen (plural)
korjaaltje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Sranan Tongo kruyara, from Kari'na kurijara.

Alzoo ter kennisse van Zijn Weledele Gestrenge de Heer Gouverneur en Heeren Raden is gekoomen hoe dat sommige negrosslaven bij nagt ende ontijden zigh van haare wooninge begeeven ende met corjaaren de revier op ende nederswerven ende op andere plantagien, ook wel in de tuynen, komen, 't welke alzoo niet en behoort ende oorsake geeft van veele disordre en diefstallen (...).

1738 November 25, Governor and Councillors of the Society of Berbice, Prohibition of slaves leaving their plantations at night without the permission of and a pass from their masters., Fort Nassau:

Thus it has come to the knowledge of His Worshipful Lord Governor and Lords Councillors how some Negro slaves go from their homes at night and at odd hours and wander up and down the river in dugouts and go to other plantations, sometimes also into the gardens, which is not proper and gives rise to a lot of disorder and thefts (...).

In den nacht tusschen den 23 en 24 Junij ll., hebben zich van de Pl. de Guineesche Vriendschap geabsenteerd de Negers JAN, JUPYN en CORTES, medenemende eene 4 riems Korjaal, die dezelve opvangt en op de voormelde Plantaadje of bij den ondergeteekenden terug bezorgt, zal goed beloond worden.

1825 July 8, Salomon de la Parra, Surinaamsche courant (advertisement), Paramaribo, page 4:

In the night between 23 and 24 June last, the Negroes Jan, Jupyn and Cortes absented themselves from the de Guineesche Vriendschap plantation, taking with them a four-oar canoe. He who collects them and returns them to the aforementioned plantation or to the undersigned, will be well rewarded.

(Suriname) curiara, dugout, hollowed-out canoe, pirogue


dresneger

Compound of Sranan Tongo dresi (“to heal, to cure”) + neger (“black person, negro”).

(Suriname, historical) a slave in Suriname tasked with treating and curing other slaves


zeegans

zeegans f (plural zeeganzen, diminutive zeegansje n)

zeeganzen (plural)
zeegansje (diminutive neuter)

→ Sranan Tongo: segansi

Compound of zee (“sea”) + gans (“goose”). The natural habitat of black geese in Europe are mostly coastal areas. Similarly, flamingos usually live at the sea shore and have long, somewhat goose-like necks.


treef

Borrowed from Sranan Tongo trefu, from Hebrew טְרֵפָה (trēfáh). Doublet of treife.

(Suriname) dietary taboo, disallowed food


boeler

→ Sranan Tongo: buler


stinkvogel

Possibly a calque of Sranan Tongo tingifowru, equivalent to stinken (“to stink, to reek”) + vogel (“bird”).

compound

Coragyps atratus
Coragyps atratus#Translingual

(chiefly Suriname) black vulture, Coragyps atratus

Opisthocomus hoazin
Opisthocomus hoazin#Translingual


tabbetje

Compare Sranan Tongo tabiki, Aukan tabiki.


fiadu

Unadapted borrowing from Sranan Tongo fiadu, from Portuguese bolo folhado, also spelled bolo fiado.

ubor

(originally Suriname) a sweet fluffy cake filled with rum-soaked raisins, almonds and succade


kwekerij

nl-noun

kwekerij f (plural kwekerijen, diminutive kwekerijtje n)

kwekerijen (plural)
kwekerijtje (diminutive neuter)

a nursery where: (Belgium, Suriname) any animals are raised or (Netherlands) fish, molluscs, arthropods or algae are raised or grown


klaroen

Cognate of Sranan Tongo krarun, Spanish calalú, English callaloo, of either Amerindian or Bantu origin.

(Suriname) Chinese spinach, red spinach, Amaranthus dubius


voeteren

voeteren (infinitive)
voeteren (gerund neuter)
voeteer (first-person present singular)
voeteerde (first-person past singular)
voeteert (present second-person singular)
voeteer (present second-person singular)
voeteerde (past second-person singular)
voeteert (formal present second-person singular)
voeteerde (formal past second-person singular)
voeteert (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
voeteert (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
voeteerde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
voeteerde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
voeteert (present singular third-person)
voeteerde (past singular third-person)
voeteren (plural present)
voeteerden (past plural)
voetere (archaic present singular subjunctive)
voeteerde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
voeteren (archaic plural present subjunctive)
voeteerden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
voeteer (imperative present singular)
voeteert (archaic imperative plural present)
voeterend (participle present)
gevoeteerd (participle past)

(intransitive, now Suriname) to go on foot, to walk


buitenboord

→ Caribbean Javanese: bètenbor

(Suriname, Netherlands) an outboard motor

1970 June 18, "Minister naar Corantijn", Vrije Stem, page 4, taken from De Nickeriaan.
Indien en mogelijk zal tot de Kabalebo worden door gevaren met de Wakara", waarna per buitenboord de reis zal worden voortgezet tot aan de Avanaverovallen.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(Suriname) a boat with an outboard motor


tjap

tjap m (plural tjappen, diminutive tjapje n)

tjappen (plural)
tjapje (diminutive neuter)

From Sranan Tongo tyapu, from English chop.

Een groep van 5 man ging naar het magazijn en begon daar geweren, houwers, schoppen, tjappen en andere gebruiksvoorwerpen bij elkaar te zetten, weer een paar anderen liepen door het huis, kamerdeuren openend en overal kijkend.

1987, Cynthia McLeod, Hoe duur was de suiker? [The Cost of Sugar], Paramaribo: Vaco N.V. Uitgeversmaatschappij, →ISBN, page 194:

A group of five men went to the storeroom and started to assemble rifles, machetes, shovels, hoes, and other utensils, some others walked through the house, opening room doors and looking everywhere.


vergeet-mij-niet

vergeet-mij-niet m (plural vergeet-mij-nieten, diminutive vergeet-mij-nietje n)

vergeet-mij-nieten (plural)
vergeet-mij-nietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: vergeet-my-niet

Univerbation of vergeet + mij + niet, calque of German Vergissmeinnicht.

Nationaal Herbarium Nederland
w:National Herbarium of the Netherlands

(chiefly diminutive, Suriname) Nepsera aquatica


handruiker

Afrikaans: handruiker


stadsneger

Compound of stad (“city”) + -s- + neger (“black person, negro”).

compound

(Suriname) a Surinamese creole person descending from plantation slaves who didn't escape slavery, generally from the Paramaribo area


cellulair

nl-noun

cellulair m (plural cellulairs, diminutive cellulairtje n)

cellulairs (plural)
cellulairtje (diminutive neuter)

De familie P. is afgelopen week op klaarlichte dag beroofd van sieraden, geld, laptop en cellulair.

2012 November 30, “Derde bendelid aangehouden roofoverval Nickerie [Third gang member Nickerie robbery arrested]”, in StarNieuws, retrieved 2020-09-07:

Last week, the P. family was robbed in broad daylight of jewellery, money, a laptop, and a mobile phone.


buitenman

buitenman m (plural buitenmannen or buitenlui or buitenlieden)

buitenmannen (plural)
buitenlui (plural)
buitenlieden (plural)

Dat sommige mannen er een buitenvrouw op nahouden, is algemeen bekend en misschien zelfs ingeburgerd. Maar dat er mannen zijn die tegenwoordig ook een buitenman hebben, daar praat niemand over.

That some men have a mistress is common knowledge and has perhaps even become socially accepted. But nobody talks about the fact that nowadays there are men who also have a male lover.

(Suriname) a man one is romantically involved with in addition to one's primary partner, usually in secret; a male lover; a kept man


cellnummer

cellnummer n (plural cellnummers, diminutive cellnummertje n)

cellnummers (plural)
cellnummertje (diminutive neuter)

Dus ik ga je mijn cellnummer geven

2011, Clark Accord, Plantage d'Amour (fiction), Amsterdam: Nijgh & van Ditmar, →ISBN:

(Suriname) cellular phone number, mobile phone number


hydrofoor

hydrofoor m or f (plural hydrofoors, diminutive hydrofoortje n)

hydrofoors (plural)
hydrofoortje (diminutive neuter)

From Ancient Greek ὑδροφόρος (hudrophóros).

In het ene Paramaribo komt er in de droge tijd alleen 's nachts en dan nog druppelsgewijs water uit de kraan en moet men zich behelpen met emmers en bekkens; in het andere Paramaribo zijn privé-zwembaden aangelegd en kan dankzij een hydrofoor op elk gewenst tijdstip van de dag of de nacht een royale douche worden genomen.

1992, Chandra van Binnendijk, Paul Faber, editors, Sranan. Cultuur in Suriname [Sranan. Culture in Suriname], Amsterdam, Paramaribo: Koninklijk Instituut voor de Tropen; Vaco N.V. Uitgeversmaatschappij, →ISBN, page 93:

In one Paramaribo, in the dry season, water only comes out of the tap at night and drop by drop at that, and one has to make do with buckets and bowls; in another Paramaribo, private swimming pools have been constructed and, thanks to a pressure booster pump, a generous shower can be taken at any time of day or night.


in de verwachting

nl-adj

in de verwachting (used only predicatively, not comparable)


bacovewinkel

nl-noun

bacovewinkel m (plural bacovewinkels, diminutive bacovewinkeltje n)

bacovewinkels (plural)
bacovewinkeltje (diminutive neuter)

In de zogenaamde deftige buurt wordt de wandelaar zeer onaangenaam getroffen bij 't zien van verschillende onooglijke, kleine afdakjes, die veelal dienst doen als houtskool of bacovewinkel.

1938 October 17, L., “Stadsschoon en Jeugdvermaak [Urban beauty and youth entertainment]”, in De West, page 3:

When walking in the so-called fancy neighbourhood, one is very disagreeably struck by the sight of various unsightly, small shelters, which often serve as a charcoal or banana shop.

(Suriname) a roadside stall selling bananas

De Raadsman van de heer Mungra (...) wilde (...) de uiterste clementie vragen voor zijn client, daar men hem aanleiding had gegeven te beledigen. Men schreef namelijk, dat de heer Mungra een bacovenwinkel had en dat men in de Staten geen bacovenwinkels nodig had.

1950 April 27, “Mungra veroordeeld [Mungra convicted]”, in De West, page 3:

Mr Mungra's lawyer (...) wanted (...) to request the utmost clemency for his client, as people had given him grounds to insult. In fact, people wrote that Mr Mungra ran a pigsty, and that there was no need for pigsties in Parliament.

Daarom hamert hij erop dat ministers geen propaganda kunnen maken voor hun partij. "Het wordt een bacovenwinkel. Het is onjuist. U zit daar namens het volk en niet namens een politieke partij."

2019 September 8, Naomi Hoever, “'Ministersambt strookt niet met partijpropaganda-activiteiten' ['Cabinet post irreconcilable with party propaganda activities']”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2020-10-19:

That is why he insists that ministers cannot engage in propaganda activities for their party. "It'll be a mess. It is wrong. You took your seat on behalf of the people and not on behalf of a political party".

(Suriname, figuratively) a disorderly or dysfunctional place or situation


shirtjack

shirtjack n (plural shirtjacks, diminutive shirtjackje n)

shirtjacks (plural)
shirtjackje (diminutive neuter)

Jas en das dienen geen enkel doel. Integendeel.! Ze zijn absoluut fout in ons klimaat. De guanese [sic] SHIRT-JACS en de surinaamse TAI-BERE'S, DAT zijn vormen van aangepaste kleding, waarop we een traditie kunnen voortbouwen.

1970 June 29, “Gooi weg die jas en das. Koloniale tradities: A comedy of manners [Throw away that coat and tie. Colonial traditions: A comedy of manners]”, in Vrije Stem: onafhankelijk weekblad voor Suriname, page 1:

Coat and tie do not serve any purpose. On the contrary! They are absolutely wrong in our climate. Guyanese shirt-jacs and Surinamese wraparounds, these are types of appropriate clothing, on which we can build a tradition.

Hij viel op door zijn robuuste postuur, vol grijs haar, een modieuze bril en was altijd gekleed in shirtjack – lichtbruin, grijs of donkerblauw – vooral te herkennen aan het borduursel van zijn initialen HR op de linker voorzak.

2015 September 18, “Harold Ramdhani een workaholic met een korreltje zout [Harold Ramdhani, a workaholic with a grain of salt]”, in StarNieuws, retrieved 2020-11-17:

He stood out because of his solid build, his full grey hair, his fashionable glasses and he was always dressed in a shirt-jac – light brown, grey or dark blue – especially recognisable thanks to his initials HR embroidered on the left front pocket.

(Suriname) short-sleeved, open-collar, single-breasted, four-button men's jacket, sometimes with two narrow bands of vertical folds on the front, usually made of fabric in subdued colours as part of a suit, worn as formal or business wear, without a dress shirt


pomme de cythère

pomme de cythère m or f (plural pommes de cythère)

Borrowed from French pomme-cythère, from pomme (“apple”) and Cythère (“Kythira”).

Momenteel is fruit duur in Suriname. Alleen bacove is betaalbaar; voeg markoesa en pomme de cythere [sic] toe aan de fruitconsumptie indien mogelijk.

2020 June 8, Sharon Singh, “Diëtiste adviseert lockdown voedingspatroon [Dietitian advises lockdown eating pattern]”, in De Ware Tijd, archived from the original on 2021-01-09:

Fruit is currently expensive in Suriname. Only banana is affordable; add passion fruit and ambarella to your fruit intake if possible.

Spondias dulcis
Spondias dulcis#Translingual

(Suriname) ambarella (fruit (Spondias dulcis))


twk

twk m or f (uncountable, diminutive twk'tje n)

"De mensen willen vooral weten in welke fases de twk uitbetaald zal worden. Wijdenbosch heeft na enkele dagen van besprekingen de bond telefonisch beloofd dat deze maand één maand twk zal worden uitbetaald en we weten niet of we dat de volgende maand gaan krijgen, want daarover is er niets gezegd", gist BBGO-voorzitter Renate Wouden.

2020 March 15, Gilliamo Orban, “Gepensioneerden boos op lakse regering [Pensioners angry at lax government]”, in De Ware Tijd, archived from the original on 2020-05-03:

"Above all, people want to know at what stages the pension payments due will be made. After a few days of discussions, Wijdenbosch promised the union by telephone that one month's overdue pension would be paid this month, and we do not know whether we will get it next month, because nothing has been said about that", BBGO chairperson Renate Wouden is left wondering.

(Suriname) salary or pension paid in arrears

De vakorganisatie roept president Chandrikapersad Santokhi per brief op de twk per ommegaande "terug te brengen op het loon en vooralsnog de inhaalmanoeuvre van 25 procent toe te bedelen aan de landsdienaren".

2021 January 6, “CLO wil twk-betaling terug in salaris ambtenaren [CLO wants backdated bonus payment readded to salary civil servants]”, in De Ware Tijd, retrieved 2021-01-11:

In a letter to President Chandrikapersad Santokhi, the union is calling for the backdated bonus to be "added to the salary again immediately, and to allocate the 25% catch-up measure to the civil servants for the time being."


franchepane

franchepane m (plural franchepanes, diminutive franchepanetje n)

franchepanes (plural)
franchepanetje (diminutive neuter)

/ˈfrɑ̃ʃəˌpaːnə/

Maar nu, o stille straat in de koelheid van de ochtend, vallen je riolen dicht, nu zwijgen de zwervende honden van de buurt, nu stroomt het bruine water van de kreek zingend naar de rivier, nu geuren de franchepane en jasmijnstruiken in tuinen en hagen en wordt deze gore stad mij een bloeiend droomgezicht.

1979, René de Rooy, Verworpen vaderland [Disavowed fatherland], Amsterdam: Meulenhoff, →ISBN, page 23:

But now, oh silent street in the coolness of the morning, your sewers fall shut, now the roaming dogs of the neighbourhood are silent, now the brown water of the creek flows singing to the river, now the frangipani and jasmine shrubs in gardens and hedges are fragrant, and to me this sordid city becomes a blooming dreamscape.