hij

ik (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed subjective)
'k (first-person personal pronoun singular subjective unstressed)
mij (first-person objective personal pronoun singular stressed)
me (first-person objective personal pronoun singular unstressed)
mijn (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular stressed)
m'n (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular unstressed)
mijne (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun)
me (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
mijner (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
mijns (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
jij (personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
je (personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
jou (objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (objective personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouw (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouwe (personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
je (personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
jouwer (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
jouws (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
ge (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
u (formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
hij (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ie (masculine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
hem (masculine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
'm (masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zij (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ze (feminine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
hare (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
harer (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
haars (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
het (neuter personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
't (neuter personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
het (neuter objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
't (neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
wij (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
we (first-person personal plural pronoun unstressed)
ons (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun)
ons (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
onzer (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
onzes (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
jullie (personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
je (personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
je (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ge (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
zij (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
ze (personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
hen (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hun (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hunne (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
hunner (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)
huns (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)

Afrikaans: hy

Javindo: hij, gij

Jersey Dutch: hai, he

Petjo: hij

From Middle Dutch hi, from Old Dutch hie, hē, from Proto-West Germanic *hiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hiz. Doublet of ie.

Hij loopt.

De tafel is duur omdat hij van glas is gemaakt.

The table is expensive because it is made of glass.

Third-person singular, masculine, subjective: he


zijn

zijn (infinitive)
zijn (gerund neuter)
ben (first-person present singular)
was (first-person past singular)
bent (present second-person singular)
ben (present second-person singular)
was (past second-person singular)
bent (formal present second-person singular)
is (formal present second-person singular)
was (formal past second-person singular)
zijt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
zijt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
waart (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
waart (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
is (present singular third-person)
was (past singular third-person)
zijn (plural present)
waren (past plural)
zij (archaic present singular subjunctive)
ware (archaic past singular subjunctive)
zijn (archaic plural present subjunctive)
waren (archaic past plural subjunctive)
wees (imperative present singular)
ben (imperative present singular)
weest (archaic imperative plural present)
zijt (archaic imperative plural present)
zijnd (participle present)
geweest (participle past)

Negerhollands: si

From Middle Dutch sijn, from Old Dutch sīn. The infinitive zijn along with the words is and zij (present indicative and subjunctive) derive ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be”), which had no separate infinitive in Germanic. The modern infinitive was probably back-formed in late Old Dutch from the first-person plural subjunctive sīn (“we be”), since this form had become identical to the infinitive in other verbs during the late Old Dutch period. Compare also German sein, Low German sien.
The original infinitive survives in wezen, from Middle Dutch wesen, from Old Dutch wesan, from Proto-West Germanic *wesan, from Proto-Germanic *wesaną, from *h₂wes- (“to reside”). All the forms with initial w- (imperative and past tense) derive from this root.
Finally, the forms ben and bent derive from Proto-Germanic *beuną (“to be, to become”), from *bʰuH- (“to become”), which survives only as relic forms in the West Germanic languages and not at all in the others. Its infinitive and non-singular forms are attested in (Old) English, Frisian and a number of Dutch dialects.

der

Hij is hier geweest.

(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the perfect tense of the active voice of some verbs, together with a past participle.

Used to form the perfect tense of the active voice of some verbs, together with a past participle.
Note: The perfect tense of most other verbs is formed using hebben.

Ze waren gered.

De muur is geschilderd.

De muur zal zijn geschilderd.

(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the perfect tense of the passive voice, together with a past participle.

Used to form the perfect tense of the passive voice, together with a past participle.
Note: The imperfect tense passive is formed using worden.

De man was aan het lopen.

(transitive, auxiliary) Used to form the continuous forms of various tenses, together with aan het or, in archaic style, with a present participle.

Drie keer vijf is vijftien.

(transitive, copulative, mathematics) to be, to equal, to total, to amount to; used to indicate that the values on either side of an equation are the same.


het

From Middle Dutch dat, which was contracted to 't in usual speech. This form was later interpreted as being the same as the neuter pronoun het (etymology 2, see below), which was contracted in the same way. This then led to the modern merge with het, which some might see as being unetymological.

het boek

het meisje


het

Jersey Dutch: hät, it

From Middle Dutch het, hit, from Old Dutch it, hit, from Proto-Germanic *it, *hit.

1) Not as common in written language.2) Inflected as an adjective.3) In prescriptivist use

used only as direct object.4) In prescriptivist use

used only as indirect object.5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal

and in fixed expressions.6) To differentiate from the singular gij

gelle and variants are commonly used colloquially in Belgium. Archaic forms are gijlieden and gijlui ().

7) Zich is preferred if the reflexive pronoun immediately follows the subject pronoun u

and if the subject pronoun u is used with a verb form that is identical with the third person singular but different from the informal second person singular

e.g. U heeft zich aangemeld. 'You have logged in.' Only u can be used in an imperative if the subject pronoun is not overt

where u is the reflexive pronoun. Otherwise

Het is een mooi huis, maar een beetje klein.

it; third-person singular, neuter, subjective

Kun je het goed zien?

Ik doe het als jij het wilt.

I'll do it if you want it. (i.e. "if you want me to")

Het katje heeft honger, geef het een boterham.

The kitty is hungry, give it a sandwich.

it; third-person singular, neuter, objective

Het is laat.

Het regent alweer.

Hoe gaat het?


ik

Afrikaans: ek

Berbice Creole Dutch: eke

Jersey Dutch: äk

Petjo: ik

Skepi Creole Dutch: ek

From Middle Dutch ic, from Old Dutch ik, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. Compare Low German ik, West Frisian ik, German ich, English I, Danish jeg.
See I (English, etymology 3).

I (first-person singular personal pronoun)

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache


dat

Petjo: dat

Skepi Creole Dutch: dat

From Middle Dutch dat, from Old Dutch that, from Proto-Germanic *þat, neuter form of *sa.
Cognate with German das, English that.

Wat is dat?

neuter singular of die
(demonstrative) that, that there


metadata

Borrowed from English metadata. Equivalent to meta- + data.


nu

Negerhollands: nue, nu, noe, nou

Skepi Creole Dutch: nou

From Middle Dutch nu, from Old Dutch nū, from Proto-Germanic *nu.

Wat is er nu weer dan?

now, this time (indicating a certain amount of impatience)


die

head

die m or f or pl (distal demonstrative, neuter dat)

From Middle Dutch die, a merger of Old Dutch thie, thē, thia, thiu and similar forms of the demonstrative. As in Old High German ther, der it replaced the original masculine and feminine nominative forms from Proto-Germanic *sa.

Die vrouw vraagt als iemand aardvruchten wil kopen.

A woman is asking if anyone wants to buy root vegetables.

Ik heb die wagen geslagen.

(Suriname, colloquial) a certain, a particular; some; this; referring to a thing or a person invisible or unknown to the audience.


elk

elke (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
elk (indefinite neuter positive singular)
elke (indefinite plural positive)

Afrikaans: elk

Negerhollands: elk

From Middle Dutch elc. Compare English each, West Frisian elk, from Proto-Germanic *aiwô (“ever, always”) + *ga- + Proto-Germanic *hwilīkaz.

Ik ga elke dag even naar het park.


thee

nl-noun

thee m (plural theeën, diminutive theetje n)

theeën (plural)
theetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: tee

Berbice Creole Dutch: tei

Negerhollands: thee, tee

→ Caribbean Javanese: teh

→ Dutch Low Saxon: thee

desctree

→ Danish: te, the (unofficial since 1872, but still common)
→ Faroese: te

→ English: tea (see there for further descendants)

→ French: thé (see there for further descendants)

→ German: Tee (see there for further descendants)

→ Icelandic: te

→ Kari'na: te

→ Latin: thea (see there for further descendants)

→ Latvian: tēja

→ Norwegian: te

→ Sranan Tongo: te
→ Aukan: te
→ Saramaccan: té

→ Swedish: te, the, thé
→ Finnish: tee

→ West Frisian: tee

From Hokkien 茶 (tê). The "-h-" is a faux-Greek spelling (compare Greek τσάι (tsái)); the more basal spelling tee was previously common, especially in the early modern period, but is now obsolete.

Ik ga mijn nieuwe buren op de thee vragen.

I’m going to invite my new neighbours for tea.

(singular only, with the definite article de)

tea-time, tea break, meeting in which tea is served

Tijdens de thee pepte de trainer de spelers op.

During the half-time break the coach cheered up the players.


Welsh

nl-adj

Welsh (comparative Welsher, superlative Welsht)

Welsher (comparative)
Welsht (superlative)
Welsh (adverbial positive predicative)
Welsher (adverbial comparative predicative)
het Welsht (adverbial predicative superlative)
het Welshte (adverbial predicative superlative)
Welshe (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
Welshere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
Welshte (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
Welsh (indefinite neuter positive singular)
Welsher (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
Welshte (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
Welshe (indefinite plural positive)
Welshere (comparative indefinite plural)
Welshte (indefinite plural superlative)
Welshe (definite positive)
Welshere (comparative definite)
Welshte (definite superlative)
Welsh (partitive positive)
Welshers (comparative partitive)


johnny's en marina's

nl-noun

johnny's en marina's pl (plural only, diminutive johnny'tjes en marinaatjes n)

johnny'tjes en marinaatjes (diminutive neuter)

(Belgium, derogatory) young people who are considered unsophisticated


men

From Middle Dutch men, an unstressed variety of man (“man”). Accordingly, originally pronounced with [ə]; now predominantly with a full vowel [ɛ], especially in those areas where the word is chiefly literary. Compare German man, Middle English men (indefinite pronoun).

Men zegt dat...

Men weet nooit wat er gaat gebeuren.

(indefinite, subject) one, you, they, everyone; humanity, (the) people, the public opinion


wij

Jersey Dutch: wāi

Negerhollands: wellie

From Middle Dutch wi, from Old Dutch wī, from Proto-West Germanic *wiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *wīz, from Proto-Indo-European *wéy, plural of *éǵh₂.
Compare Low German wi, West Frisian wy, German wir, English we, Danish vi.

personal pronoun
personal pronoun#English

the first-person plural personal pronoun; refers to the speakers; we


mijn

mijn f (plural mijnen, diminutive mijntje n)

mijnen (plural)
mijntje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: myn

From Middle Dutch mine, from Old French mine, from Late Latin mina, from Gaulish, from Proto-Celtic *meinis (“ore, metal”). Some senses are borrowed from French mine (“explosive device”) and Middle French mine (“tunnel for sapping”).

bor

Deze mijn is mijn mijn, ga ergens anders delven.

This mine is my mine, go excavate somewhere else.

mine (place where ore is taken out of the ground)

Deze mijn is mijn mijn, ga je ergens anders opblazen.

This mine is my mine, go blow yourself up somewhere else.

mine (device meant to explode when stepped upon or touched)


mijn

Deverbal from mijnen (“to buy at a Dutch auction; to shout "mine"”).

deverbal

(historical, Southern) a Dutch auction (reverse auction with gradual reduction of the price until a buyer is found)


haar

Afrikaans: haar

From Middle Dutch haer, from Old Dutch hiro, from Proto-Germanic *hezōi.

Ik zeg het tegen haar (1), maar je kunt haar (2) beter nog een mailtje sturen.

(1) accusative personal pronoun, (2) dative personal pronoun

I’ll mention it to her, but you’d better send her a mail as well.

(personal) third-person singular, feminine object pronoun: her


haar

head

haar (dependent possessive, independent possessive hare, contracted form 'r)

hare (independent possessive)
form 'r (contracted)
ik (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed subjective)
'k (first-person personal pronoun singular subjective unstressed)
mij (first-person objective personal pronoun singular stressed)
me (first-person objective personal pronoun singular unstressed)
mijn (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular stressed)
m'n (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular unstressed)
mijne (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun)
me (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
mijner (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
mijns (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
jij (personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
je (personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
jou (objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (objective personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouw (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouwe (personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
je (personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
jouwer (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
jouws (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
ge (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
u (formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
hij (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ie (masculine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
hem (masculine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
'm (masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zij (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ze (feminine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
hare (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
harer (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
haars (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
het (neuter personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
't (neuter personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
het (neuter objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
't (neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
wij (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
we (first-person personal plural pronoun unstressed)
ons (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun)
ons (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
onzer (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
onzes (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
jullie (personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
je (personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
je (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ge (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
zij (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
ze (personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
hen (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hun (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hunne (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
hunner (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)
huns (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)

Afrikaans: haar

Jersey Dutch: hœr, hœre

From Middle Dutch haer, from Old Dutch hira, from Proto-Germanic *hezōz.

Zij is haar sleutels vergeten.

Op 31 augustus 1997 overleed Diana Frances Spencer, Prinses van Wales bij een auto-ongeluk in een tunnel bij de Pont de l'Alma in Parijs, samen met haar vriend Dodi Al-Fayed en hun chauffeur. — On August 31, 1997, Diana Frances Spencer, Princess of Wales, died in a car accident in a tunnel by the Pont de l'Alma in Paris, together with her friend Dodi Al-Fayed and their driver.

Wikipedia, Dood van Diana Frances Spencer

third-person singular, feminine possessive adjective: her


al

Petjo: al

From Middle Dutch al, from Old Dutch al, from Proto-West Germanic *all.

(obsolete, today only in fixed phrases and compounds) emphatic modifier of adverbs


we

Jersey Dutch: wê


me

Pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling


du

From Middle Dutch du, from Old Dutch thū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

Sy roept, du bist een slaef, in mijne dienst gebonden

1620, Jacob Cats, Velt-teycken, alle eerbare jonge lieden toegeeygent:

She calls, thou art a slave, bound to my service

Soo leyt dyn memmetje dy in dyn wiechje te rust.

1625, Joost van den Vondel, Wiech-liedt:

So thy mama lays thee to rest in thy cradle.

(obsolete or dialectal) Second-person singular informal pronoun; thou


u

Originally the dative and accusative form of jij/gij, from Middle Dutch u, from Old Dutch iu, from Proto-West Germanic *iwwiz, from Proto-Germanic *iwwiz, West Germanic variant of *izwiz, dative/accusative of *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́. Doublet of jou.
The use as a nominative form is linked to the polite address uwe edelheid (“your nobility, your gentility”), which was shortened to U E. in writing and at times accordingly pronounced /yˈ(w)eː/. It is debated, however, whether this was the actual cause of the development or whether it merely reinforced it. Compare English you, which was originally an object form, as well as Afrikaans ons and nonstandard Dutch hun.
Cognate with West Frisian jo, Low German jo, ju, English you, German euch.

U meldt u/zich aan.

Meld u aan!

(reflexive pronoun, formal second-person singular) yourself (polite)

U meldt u/zich aan.

Meld u aan!

(reflexive pronoun, formal second-person plural) yourselves (polite)

Gij hebt u niet gewassen.

(reflexive pronoun, second-person singular) thyself (dialectal)

Wast u eens.

(reflexive pronoun, second-person plural) yourselves (dialectal)


u

The twenty-first letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.


lui

nl-noun

lui pl (plural only, diminutive luitjes n)

Petjo: lui, luitjes

Short form of luiden, a variant of lieden.


ons

ons n (plural onsen or onzen, diminutive onsje n)

onsen (plural)
onzen (plural)
onsje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Javanese: os

→ Japanese: オンス

→ Papiamentu: òns

From Middle Dutch unce (1240), borrowed from Latin uncia (a twelfth of a pound) probably via Old French once.


wat

Berbice Creole Dutch: wa, wati

Javindo: wat

Jersey Dutch: wāt, wot

Negerhollands: wat, awa, wa

Petjo: wat

Skepi Creole Dutch: what

From Middle Dutch wat, from Old Dutch wat, from Proto-West Germanic *hwat, from Proto-Germanic *hwat, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷód, *kʷod, compare West Frisian wat, English what, German was, Danish hvad.

(1) Wat is dat?

(2) Wat wil je doen?

(interrogative) what: e.g. (1) asking for a subject complement; (2) asking for a sentence object


je

Jersey Dutch: je

Je mag hier niet zwemmen.

In dat restaurant kun je heerlijk eten.

There is great food to be had in that restaurant.

„Als je als directeur ondernemend van aard bent en je kunt goed leidinggeven, dan ben je natuurlijk wel gelukkig met meer vrijheid. Maar dat geldt voor veel directeuren niet.(...)"

1995 May 23, Marleen Barth, “'Politiek moet leren luisteren naar scholen' ['Politicians must learn to listen to schools']”, in Trouw, page 4:

"If a headteacher is entrepreneurial by nature and if he or she is a good manager, they'll obviously be happy with more freedom. But this does not apply to many headteachers.(...)"

(indefinite personal pronoun, informal) one, people, you, someone, anyone; an unspecified individual or group of individuals (as subject or object)


ja

desctree

Afrikaans: ja
→ English: ja
→ Portuguese: iá, yá, ya

Indonesian: ya

Malay: ya

Berbice Creole Dutch: ja

Jersey Dutch: jâ

Negerhollands: ja, ju

Skepi Creole Dutch: ja

→ Saramaccan: jahái, jaái

From Middle Dutch ja, from Old Dutch *jā, from Proto-Germanic *ja.

(Suriname, informal) A casual greeting acknowledging the presence of a person; hey, hi, what's up


huishoudhulp

nl-noun

huishoudhulp f or m (plural huishoudhulpen, diminutive huishoudhulpje n)

huishoudhulpen (plural)
huishoudhulpje (diminutive neuter)


nou

Afrikaans: nou

Berbice Creole Dutch: nau

Negerhollands: noe, nou, nu

Skepi Creole Dutch: nou

→ Caribbean Javanese: na

From Middle Dutch nou, a variant of nu, from Old Dutch *nu, from Proto-Germanic *nu.

Dat is nou ook weer overdreven!

modal particle expressing a certain contrast or disjuncture


dier

De verdachte heeft zich samen met een vriend, haar dochter en dier vriend schuldig gemaakt aan de moord op haar echtgenoot … (from a verdict of the Court of Justice at 's-Gravenhage, 2011 http://jure.nl/bq6330)

The accused (woman) is guilty of having murdered her husband in cooperation with a friend, her daughter and the latter's friend …

(demonstrative) her, their, the latter's (genitive feminine singular and genitive plural of die)


roots

Ik ga terug naar mijn roots in Arnhem.


wie

Afrikaans: wie

Berbice Creole Dutch: wi

Jersey Dutch: wî

Negerhollands: wie, awi, awidi, widi

From Middle Dutch wie, from Old Dutch wie, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaʀ, from Proto-Germanic *hwaz, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷos.

Wie is daar?

Wie heb jij gezien?

(interrogative, subjective or objective) who, whom

Wie dit leest is geletterd.

De receptionist aan wie ik het pakket heb afgegeven, werkte er pas net.

The receptionist to whom I handed over the parcel had only recently started working there.

(relative, subjective or objective) who, whom; the one who, whoever


even

Javindo: efen

Negerhollands: even, eeven

→ Caribbean Javanese: éfe (via Sranan Tongo)

→ Kwinti: even

From Middle Dutch even, effen, from Old Dutch *evan, from Proto-West Germanic *ebn, from Proto-Germanic *ebnaz.

ff

for the temporal senses of the adverb; slang, common chat abbreviation

Zou je even de deur voor me dicht willen doen?

Could you please close the door for me (for a moment)?

for a moment; modal particle indicating that the speaker expects that something will require little time or effort.


kopje

(of cats) an act of rubbing one's face on someone or something to spread pheromones


'm

Hij heeft 'm neergeschoten.


-s

Unknown. Not present in Old Dutch, which used -a from Proto-Germanic *-ōz as the plural ending. Possibly spread from Middle Low German -s, -es, from Old Saxon -os, -as, from Proto-Germanic *-ōs. Further etymology is unknown, but cognate with Old English -as (English -s).

bodem + -s → bodems

Used to form regular plurals of nouns that end in certain suffixes or syllables, such as -el, -er, -en, -em, -eur, -aar, -aard, diminutive -je, etc.


mores

Borrowed from Latin mōrēs (“customs, rules”).


-e

volwassen (“adult”) + -e → volwassene (“an adult”)

Used to form nouns from adjectives, denoting a person that possesses the quality of the adjective.


zij

Afrikaans: sy

Javindo: sij

Jersey Dutch: zāi

From Middle Dutch sī, from Old Dutch siu, sia, from Proto-Germanic *iz and *hiz.

Third person singular feminine subject pronoun; she

Third person plural subject pronoun; they


ie

(obsolete) ever, sometime, at some point


wien

Wien Neerlandsch bloed in de aders vloeit, / Van vreemde smetten vrij, ...

[He] to whom Dutch blood is flowing in the veins, / Free of foreign blemishes, ... (Dutch national anthem from 1815 to 1932)

(interrogative and relative, objective, archaic) (for addressing a masculine person) whom


U

the twenty-first letter of the Dutch alphabet


mannetje

Negerhollands: manje

Ik weet nog wel een mannetje dat het plafond kan schilderen.

I know this guy who can paint the ceiling.

(informal) man who performs odd jobs for money, often without paying tax


a

The first letter of the Dutch alphabet, written in the Latin script.


sprookje

From sproke (obsolete variant of spreuk) + -je (“diminutive suffix”). Note that the word only occurs in this diminutive form; the word "sprook" does not exist (except as a rare back-formation for comedic effect). Compare German Low German Spröökje.

suffix

obsolete variant of <i class="Latn mention" lang="nl">spreuk</i>

Sinds mijn huwelijk is mijn leven een sprookje.

Since my marriage my life has been a dream come true.

(figuratively) dream come true (very desirable life)


maar

Afrikaans: maar

From Middle Dutch maer, māre, mar, mer, apheretic variant of nemaer, nemāre, from earlier newaer, neware (“except, however, only”), from ne ware (“were not”). Not cognate with English mere.

Leg het lepeltje maar op het schoteltje van het koffiekopje.

Just (go ahead and) place the spoon on the saucer of the coffee cup.

Ik ga maar naar de winkel.

Hup, lopen maar.

just; a modal particle indicating a certain degree of indifference towards the result.


meisje

Afrikaans: meisie

Jersey Dutch: määiśe

desc

Negerhollands: meeschi, meesche, minśi, menshi, meisje, meissje

Skepi Creole Dutch: meski

Geef het meisje haar boek.

Zijn meisje woont in Enschede.


deze

head

deze m or f or pl (proximal demonstrative, neuter dit)

deze boom

deze vrouw

(singular) this; referring to a thing or a person closer by.


niets

From Middle Dutch niets, from Old Dutch niewihts, niewehts, partitive genitive of niewiht (whence modern niet). Cognate with German nichts. By surface analysis, n- + iets or niet + -s.


alles

Jersey Dutch: ālles, âlles

From Middle Dutch alles, genitive of al. The use as a case-neutral form may have been reinforced by German alles, from a merger of Middle High German alles (genitive) and allez (nominative and accusative). Note, however, that Dutch iets (“something”) and niets (“nothing”) are also genitives, as is German nichts. Moreover, the form alles is also used in western German dialects where it cannot go back to a nominative/accusative form, e.g. Luxembourgish alles.


beetje

From beet + -je. Cognate with German bisschen and English bit.


beetje

a bit of, a little bit of, some (before mass nouns)

(informal) something of, anyone or anything worth its salt (before countable nouns)


beetje

Afrikaans: bietjie

Berbice Creole Dutch: beki

Jersey Dutch: bêtśe

desc

Negerhollands: beetje, bechi, betji, bitji, bitši, biti

→ Virgin Islands Creole: biti (archaic)

Skepi Creole Dutch: beki

→ Saramaccan: abíti


hoeveel

hoeveel (adverbial positive predicative)
hoeveel (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
hoeveel (indefinite neuter positive singular)
hoeveel (indefinite plural positive)
hoevele (definite positive)


hoeveel

Afrikaans: hoeveel

Berbice Creole Dutch: hufele

Negerhollands: hoeveel, hueveel

Skepi Creole Dutch: oi fail


beide

From Middle Dutch beide, from Old Dutch beithe.


beide

Afrikaans: beide


gewoon

nl-adj

gewoon (comparative gewoner, superlative gewoonst)

gewoner (comparative)
gewoonst (superlative)
gewoon (adverbial positive predicative)
gewoner (adverbial comparative predicative)
het gewoonst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het gewoonste (adverbial predicative superlative)
gewone (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
gewonere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
gewoonste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
gewoon (indefinite neuter positive singular)
gewoner (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
gewoonste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
gewone (indefinite plural positive)
gewonere (comparative indefinite plural)
gewoonste (indefinite plural superlative)
gewone (definite positive)
gewonere (comparative definite)
gewoonste (definite superlative)
gewoons (partitive positive)
gewoners (comparative partitive)

Afrikaans: gewoon

Negerhollands: geween

→ Aukan: kuwownu

→ Papiamentu: gewoon, gewon, hewon

→ Sranan Tongo: gewoon

→ Caribbean Javanese: kuwun

From Middle Dutch gewone. Equivalent to ge- + wennen with ablaut.

Zij is gewoon om iedere zaterdag knetterstoned te worden.

She is wont to get stoned like mad on every Saturday.

(governing verbs) wont, having a certain habit [with om ‘to’]


geen

Afrikaans: geen

Javindo: heen

Jersey Dutch: xeîn, xîn

Negerhollands: geen

From Middle Dutch negeen, ne gene, (also as engheen, en geen), from Old Dutch chein, ghein, nehein (“not one; none”), ultimately corresponding to Proto-Germanic . Compare German kein, Yiddish קיין (keyn), English none.

Ik ben geen robot.


geen

gene (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
geen (indefinite neuter positive singular)
gene (indefinite plural positive)
gene (definite positive)

From Middle Dutch gene, from Old Dutch *gēn, from Proto-West Germanic *jain, from Proto-Germanic *jainaz. Compare German jener.

de gene zijde

deze en gene

some people (lit., "this and that [person]")

(archaic except in set phrases) yonder, yon, that


Andes

Borrowed from Spanish Andes, or alternatively Latin Andes.

1596, Jan Huyghen van Linschoten, Itinerario, voyage ofte schipvaert naer Oost ofte Portugaels Indien 1579-1592, Vol. 3, C.P. Burger & F.W.T. Hunger (eds.), Martinus Nijhoff (publ. 1934), page 176.
Soo zijn dan die grensen oost ende zuyden Argyropolis, nae den nederganck die zuyder Zee, nae't noorden die Province Pastoa, dit landt wordt afghedeelt in driederley deelen, in Planitiem, Sierras, Andes, dat is in even ofte plat landt aen die Zee ligghende, in berghen ofte in berghachtighe landen, die midden door't landt strecken, ende in Peru over het gheberchte nae't oosten.

The borders are like this: to the east and south Argyropolis (name of a river), to the descent to the south the sea, to the north the Province Pastoa, this land is divided into three parts, into Planitiem, Sierras, Andes, that is into level or flat land lying next to the sea, into mountains or into mountainous lands, that range across the middle of the lands, and into Pery over the mountains to the east.


dou

(Holland, dialectal, colloquial) Obsolete form of du.


Verenigde Staten van Amerika

Calque of English United States of America.

calque

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


drugs

Het gebruik van drugs kan schadelijke gevolgen hebben voor de gezondheid.

The use of recreational drugs can have harmful effects on health.


Verenigde Staten

United States (a country in North America)


VS

US (a country in North America); initialism of Verenigde Staten (“United States”)


Seychellen

Seychelles (an archipelago and country in East Africa, in the Indian Ocean)


Nederlandse Antillen

Netherlands Antilles
Netherlands Antilles


Verenigde Arabische Emiraten

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English:_Q878

United Arab Emirates (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


Uw

(archaic) second-person singular & plural: your (polite)


jullie

head

jullie (unstressed form je, reflexive form je, possessive form jullie, unstressed possessive form je)

je (unstressed)
je (reflexive)
form jullie (possessive)
form je (possessive unstressed)
ik (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed subjective)
'k (first-person personal pronoun singular subjective unstressed)
mij (first-person objective personal pronoun singular stressed)
me (first-person objective personal pronoun singular unstressed)
mijn (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular stressed)
m'n (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular unstressed)
mijne (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun)
me (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
mijner (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
mijns (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
jij (personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
je (personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
jou (objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (objective personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouw (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouwe (personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
je (personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
jouwer (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
jouws (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
ge (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
u (formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
hij (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ie (masculine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
hem (masculine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
'm (masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zij (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ze (feminine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
hare (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
harer (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
haars (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
het (neuter personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
't (neuter personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
het (neuter objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
't (neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
wij (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
we (first-person personal plural pronoun unstressed)
ons (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun)
ons (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
onzer (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
onzes (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
jullie (personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
je (personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
je (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ge (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
zij (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
ze (personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
hen (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hun (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hunne (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
hunner (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)
huns (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)

Afrikaans: julle

Jersey Dutch: jœlli

desc

Negerhollands: jen, jin, jini, jellie, jender

Petjo: goelie, joelie, jelui

From earlier jelui, from jij (“you”) and lui (“people”).

Zijn jullie klaar?

Ik zal het aan jullie geven.

Dit zal niet werken voor jullie.


jullie

head

jullie (dependent possessive, contracted form je)

form je (contracted)
ik (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed subjective)
'k (first-person personal pronoun singular subjective unstressed)
mij (first-person objective personal pronoun singular stressed)
me (first-person objective personal pronoun singular unstressed)
mijn (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular stressed)
m'n (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular unstressed)
mijne (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun)
me (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
mijner (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
mijns (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
jij (personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
je (personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
jou (objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (objective personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouw (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouwe (personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
je (personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
jouwer (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
jouws (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
ge (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
u (formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
hij (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ie (masculine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
hem (masculine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
'm (masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zij (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ze (feminine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
hare (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
harer (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
haars (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
het (neuter personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
't (neuter personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
het (neuter objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
't (neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
wij (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
we (first-person personal plural pronoun unstressed)
ons (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun)
ons (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
onzer (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
onzes (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
jullie (personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
je (personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
je (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ge (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
zij (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
ze (personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
hen (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hun (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hunne (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
hunner (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)
huns (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)

Jullie leraar is ziek.


gij

From Middle Dutch gī, ghi, from Old Dutch gī, from Proto-West Germanic *jiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *jīz, Northwest Germanic variant of *jūz, from Proto-Indo-European *yū́. Doublet of jij.
Compare also Low German ji, jie, English ye, German ihr.

Motte gij nog een pilske?

Gij zult niet doden.

Ik eindig tenslotte met de wens, dat gij, die deze geluidsfilm hoort en ziet, dat ons volk met al de voldoening die hierbij mogelijk is, terug zal kunnen zien op de nationale inzameling, tot beloning van hen die er de omvangrijke uitvoering van verrichten, en tot de dankbaarheid van degenen die het allerzwaarst lijden onder de algemene nood.^([sic])

1933, “Tussen hoop en vrees” (0:10:37 from the start), in Andere Tijden, spoken by Juliana of the Netherlands, published 2011 via VPRO, retrieved 2024-07-16:

I will conclude, finally, by wishing that ye who hear and see this sound film, that our people will be able to look back on the national fundraising with all the satisfaction that could be possible in doing so, to the reward of those who carry out its extensive implementation and to the gratitude of those who suffer most severely from the general distress.

Gij rukt niet op om aan dit land den oorlog te brengen, maar om het de vrede te hergeven.

1947, J.A.A. van Doorn, quoting Simon Spoor, [untitled address to Dutch troops], quoted in Gevangen in de tijd. Over generaties en hun geschiedenis, Amsterdam: Boom, published 2002, →ISBN, page 28:

You are not advancing to bring war to this country, but to restore peace to it.

De Regering (...) wil bevorderen dat de kritische belangstelling, die bij velen voor het openbaar gebeuren bestaat, zich positief kan richten op het vervullen der taken, waarvoor ons volk zich gesteld ziet. Dit zal alleen mogelijk zijn als Gij, leden van de volksvertegenwoordiging, in voortdurend contact met ons volk in al zijn geledingen, daaraan Uw medewerking verleent.

1966 September 20, “Troonrede 1966 [Speech from the throne 1966]”, in Parlement.com, retrieved 2023-10-03:

The Government (...) wants to promote that the critical interest in public affairs, which exists among many, can focus positively on the fulfilment of the tasks facing our people. This will only be possible if Ye, members of parliament, in constant contact with our people in all its parts, lend your cooperation to this.


wel

Afrikaans: wel

Negerhollands: wel

Skepi Creole Dutch: wel

→ Kwinti: wel

From Middle Dutch wel, from Old Dutch *wela, wala, from Proto-Germanic *wela, from Proto-Indo-European *welh₁-. Compare German wohl, English well, Icelandic vel, Swedish väl, Danish and Norwegian vel.

Ik dacht dat je niet van golf hield? — Ik hou wél van golf!

I thought you didn't like golf? — I do like golf!

Je ziet wel dat...

Ik ken hem wel, maar niet goed.

Maar wat wil je dan wel?

the opposite of not (used to add positive emphasis to the verb, much like the auxiliaries do or does in affirmative sentences in English)


wel

nl-noun

wel c (plural wellen, diminutive welletje n)

wellen (plural)
welletje (diminutive neuter)

well; shaft (excavation made for the extraction of mineral resources)


kwartje

wie voor een dubbeltje geboren is, wordt nooit een kwartje

(colloquial) quarter of a pill of recreational drugs, particularly ecstasy


vijfje

a coin or bank note with the denomination of 5 monetary units:

(Netherlands) a 5 guilder coin, issued from 1988 until 2001

(obsolete, Netherlands) a coin with the denomination of 25 guilder cents


geeltje

(informal, historical) a 25 guilder banknote


dubbeltje

→ Papiamentu: depchi

Already attested in the 17th century. From dubbel (“double”) + -tje (diminutive). Named for having twice the value of a stuiver.

Dutch coin of 10 cents (0.10 guilders or euros)


nippertje

Diminutive of obsolete nipper (“a sip; something small”), from nippen (“to sip”), by-form of nijpen (“to pinch, squeeze”).

(rare outside fixed expressions) instant, brief moment


dij

From Middle Dutch dî, from Old Dutch thī, from Proto-Germanic *þiz.

(archaic or obsolete, personal pronoun) Second-person singular, objective: thee


niemand

Afrikaans: niemand

From Middle Dutch nieman, from Old Dutch nieman. Equivalent to n- + iemand.

Niemand weet, niemand weet, dat ik Repelsteeltje heet.

Nobody knows, nobody knows, that I am called Rumpelstiltskin.


watten

watten pl (plural only, diminutive watjes n)


kleren

kleren pl (plural only, diminutive kleertjes n)

Negerhollands: kleer, klėėr

Skepi Creole Dutch: kler

Alternative form of klederen (with regular loss of intervocalic -d-; compare leder / leer), archaic plural form of kleed.

Ik heb nieuwe kleren gekocht.

Haar kleren waren nat van de regen.

De kinderen droegen kleurrijke kleertjes tijdens het feest.

The children wore colorful clothes during the party.


ieder

iedere (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
ieder (indefinite neuter positive singular)
iedere (indefinite plural positive)

Berbice Creole Dutch: idri

Negerhollands: ider

From Middle Dutch ieder, jeder, from Old Dutch *iowether, *iother. A compound of io (“always”) (from Proto-Germanic *aiw) + wether (“whether”) (from Proto-Germanic *hwaþeraz). Cognate with English either, German jeder.

in ieder geval


suikerspin

suikerspin m or f (plural suikerspinnen, diminutive suikerspinnetje n)

suikerspinnen (plural)
suikerspinnetje (diminutive neuter)


hunner

ik (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed subjective)
'k (first-person personal pronoun singular subjective unstressed)
mij (first-person objective personal pronoun singular stressed)
me (first-person objective personal pronoun singular unstressed)
mijn (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular stressed)
m'n (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular unstressed)
mijne (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun)
me (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
mijner (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
mijns (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
jij (personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
je (personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
jou (objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (objective personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouw (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouwe (personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
je (personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
jouwer (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
jouws (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
ge (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
u (formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
hij (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ie (masculine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
hem (masculine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
'm (masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zij (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ze (feminine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
hare (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
harer (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
haars (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
het (neuter personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
't (neuter personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
het (neuter objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
't (neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
wij (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
we (first-person personal plural pronoun unstressed)
ons (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun)
ons (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
onzer (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
onzes (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
jullie (personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
je (personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
je (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ge (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
zij (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
ze (personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
hen (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hun (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hunne (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
hunner (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)
huns (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)


sores

Borrowed from Yiddish צרות (tsores), plural of צרה (tsore, “trouble, problem”), from Hebrew צָרָה (tsará, “trouble, tragedy, calamity”).

der

Sores komen vanzelf, simches moet je vieren.

Worries will come anyways, but joyous occasions have to be celebrated.

(Netherlands, Amsterdam, Jewish, from Bargoens) tsuris; misery, worry


toch

Petjo: toh, toch

→ Aukan: toku

→ Caribbean Hindustani: to

→ Caribbean Javanese: toh, tokh

desc

→ Indonesian: toh (“moreover, after all”)

→ Kwinti: toch

From Middle Dutch toch, alteration of doch.

Dat weet ik toch niet! Ik ben toch geen automonteur!

I wouldn’t know that! I’m no car mechanic!

In positive statements, a modal particle indicating certainty or emphasis, implying that the speaker considers his statement to be obvious.

Hij is toch gekomen? (with emphasis on gekomen)

Jij bent Gerrit, toch?

In questions, a modal particle indicating uncertainty or sometimes worry, implying that the speaker hopes to be confirmed or reassured; may also be postpositioned as a tag question.; right? is that so?


Alpen

Afrikaans: Alpe

→ Indonesian: Alpen

From Middle Dutch alpen; see German Alpen below.

Alps (a mountain range in Western Europe)


conserven

From Middle Dutch conserven, from Old French conserve, from Latin conservare (“to preserve”).


boodschappen

nl-noun

boodschappen pl (plural only, diminutive boodschapjes n)


werkwoord

werkwoord n (plural werkwoorden, diminutive werkwoordje n)

werkwoorden (plural)
werkwoordje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: werkwoord

→ Indonesian: kata kerja (calque)

Liefde is een werkwoord.

Love is something which requires continuous effort.

(figuratively, informal) something which requires continuous effort; an ongoing process


hoor

The interjection comes from hoor je (“do you hear?”).

Straks komen we nog te laat! — Nee hoor, we hebben nog genoeg tijd.

We'll be late! — Nah, surely not, we have plenty of time.

Wilt u het bonnetje? — Nee hoor, bedankt.

Zeg maar 'jij' hoor.

Lekker weertje hoor.

Chef, halte hoor. (Suriname)

Driver, I'd like to get off the bus here.

modal particle indicating reassurance or confidence from the speaker: certainly, surely, at all, but often weak and untranslatable

De kou valt best mee. — Nou, ik vind het toch wel koud hoor!

The cold isn't so bad. — Well, I still think it's pretty cold regardless!

modal particle indicating disagreement or a certain nuance with an earlier statement: regardless, despite that, anyway, you know


krantenkiosk

krantenkiosk f (plural krantenkiosken, diminutive krantenkioskje n)

krantenkiosken (plural)
krantenkioskje (diminutive neuter)


verhaaltje

verhaaltje voor het slapengaan

Hij las het kind een verhaaltje voor het slapengaan.


allemaal

Afrikaans: almal

Berbice Creole Dutch: alma

Negerhollands: allemaal, alma, almael

Skepi Creole Dutch: alma

→ Sranan Tongo: alamala

From earlier altemaal, from Middle Dutch altemȃle (“all at once; altogether”). Compare helemaal and German allemal.

inh

We doen het allemaal.

We doen het allemaal.


zoveel

zoveel (adverbial positive predicative)
zoveel (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
zoveel (indefinite neuter positive singular)
zoveel (indefinite plural positive)
zovele (definite positive)


zoveel

Berbice Creole Dutch: sofele, sufele

Negerhollands: sooveel


van alles en nog wat

Literally, “[some] of everything and then some”.

lit

Ik heb de afgelopen twee jaar van alles en nog wat geprobeerd.

The last two years I have tried everything and then some.

all kinds of things, all sorts of things


poffertje

→ English: poffertje

From poffen + -er + -tje, named because of their puffy appearance.

(chiefly plural) a small Dutch puffed pancake, a baby pancake


meerdere

Daarna moeten een of meerdere informateurs benoemd worden.

After that, one or more advisors must be appointed.


meerdere

someone higher in rank; a superior or boss


personalia

→ Indonesian: personalia

general personal information (such as would be listed on e.g. a curriculum vitae), such as full name, age, place and date of birth, e-mail address, and telephone number


-schap

From Middle Dutch -schap, from Old Dutch -skap, from Proto-West Germanic *-skapi, from Proto-Germanic *-skapiz.
Cognates
Cognate with German -schaft, Swedish -skap, West Frisian -skip, English -ship, Danish -skab,Norwegian -skap See English -ship and Old English -sciepe.


beestenbende

nl-noun

beestenbende f (plural beestenbendes or beestenbenden, diminutive beestenbendetje n)

beestenbendes (plural)
beestenbenden (plural)
beestenbendetje (diminutive neuter)

From beest (“beast”) + -en- + bende (“mess”).

a complete mess (mess as if resulting from animals stampeding)


zulk

zulk (adverbial positive predicative)
zulke (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
zulk (indefinite neuter positive singular)
zulke (indefinite plural positive)
zulke (definite positive)
zulks (partitive positive)

Afrikaans: sulke

Berbice Creole Dutch: soloho

Negerhollands: sulk

Skepi Creole Dutch: solk

From Middle Dutch sulc, solc, selc, swelc, swilc, from Old Dutch sulich, *sulik, from Proto-Germanic *swalīkaz.


deeltje

17th century, from deel + -tje. Calque of Latin particula.


financiën

financiën pl (plural only, diminutive financietjes n)


stokstaartje

From stok (“stick”) + staartje (“little tail”).

compound

De nieuwsgierige stokstaartjes moeten even wennen aan de gekleurde eieren, maar lieten het zich toch goed smaken.

2016 March 25, “Paasontbijt voor stokstaartjes in DierenPark”, in AD:

The curious meerkats had to get used to the coloured eggs for a moment, but enjoyed the taste of them nevertheless.

Suricata suricatta
Suricata suricatta#Translingual


bosbes

nl-noun

bosbes f (plural bosbessen, diminutive bosbesje n)

bosbessen (plural)
bosbesje (diminutive neuter)

a bilberry; a plant of the genus Vaccinium


effe

(colloquial, Netherlands) Alternative form of even (“shortly; for a moment”)


bovenbouw

bovenbouw m (plural bovenbouwen, diminutive bovenbouwtje n)

bovenbouwen (plural)
bovenbouwtje (diminutive neuter)

(education) the upper-level classes of a school, e.g. the 6th, 7th, and 8th grades of grammar school, or the last two school years of high school, in the Netherlands


rietje

→ Papiamentu: richi

Telkens Meneer het rietje greep werd het muisstil en voelden de schoolbanken keihard aan.

Every time Sir reached for the cane, it become earily quiet and the school benches felt awfully hard.

(euphemistic) cane, hickory, or other stick used for corporal punishment


eens

Afrikaans: eens

Petjo: eens

From Middle Dutch eens, from Old Dutch ēnis. Equivalent to een + -s.


ten opzichte van

De letter A is symmetrisch ten opzichte van de verticale as, en de letter B is symmetrisch ten opzichte van de horizontale as.

The letter A is symmetric with respect to the vertical axis, and the letter B is symmetric with respect to the horizontal axis.


kletskous

kletskous m or f (plural kletskousen, diminutive kletskousje n)

kletskousen (plural)
kletskousje (diminutive neuter)

From kletsen + kous; compare babbelkous.


maatje

→ English: maatje

→ Polish: majtek

Diminutive of maat + -je. Compare English matey.

also used as an informal address for a male


lieden

From Middle Dutch liede, originally a singular collective noun. From Old Dutch liudī, from Proto-West Germanic *liud(i), from Proto-Germanic *liudiz.
Cognate with English lede and leud, and German Leute.


kikkervisje

From kikker (“frog”) + visje (“fish”). Compare West Frisian kikkertsfiskje (“tadpole”).


koorknaap

koorknaap m (plural koorknapen, diminutive koorknaapje n)

koorknapen (plural)
koorknaapje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of koor (“choir”) + knaap (“boy”).

a juvenile acolyte, who assists the officiating priest


huishouden

huishouden (infinitive)
huishouden (gerund neuter)
hou huis (first-person main-clause present singular)
houd huis (first-person main-clause present singular)
hield huis (first-person main-clause past singular)
huishou (first-person present singular subordinate-clause)
huishoud (first-person present singular subordinate-clause)
huishield (first-person past singular subordinate-clause)
houdt huis (main-clause present second-person singular)
hou huis (main-clause present second-person singular)
houd huis (main-clause present second-person singular)
hield huis (main-clause past second-person singular)
huishoudt (present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
huishield (past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
houdt huis (formal main-clause present second-person singular)
hield huis (formal main-clause past second-person singular)
huishoudt (formal present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
huishield (formal past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
houdt huis (Flanders colloquial main-clause present second-person singular)
houdt huis (archaic formal main-clause majestic present second-person singular)
hieldt huis (Flanders colloquial main-clause past second-person singular)
hieldt huis (archaic formal main-clause majestic past second-person singular)
huishoudt (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
huishoudt (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular subordinate-clause)
huishieldt (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
huishieldt (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular subordinate-clause)
houdt huis (main-clause present singular third-person)
hield huis (main-clause past singular third-person)
huishoudt (present singular subordinate-clause third-person)
huishield (past singular subordinate-clause third-person)
houden huis (main-clause plural present)
hielden huis (main-clause past plural)
huishouden (plural present subordinate-clause)
huishielden (past plural subordinate-clause)
houde huis (archaic main-clause present singular subjunctive)
hielde huis (archaic main-clause past singular subjunctive)
huishoude (archaic present singular subjunctive subordinate-clause)
huishielde (archaic past singular subjunctive subordinate-clause)
houden huis (archaic main-clause plural present subjunctive)
hielden huis (archaic main-clause past plural subjunctive)
huishouden (archaic plural present subjunctive subordinate-clause)
huishielden (archaic past plural subjunctive subordinate-clause)
hou huis (imperative main-clause present singular)
houd huis (imperative main-clause present singular)
houdt huis (archaic imperative main-clause plural present)
huishoudend (main-clause participle present)
huisgehouden (main-clause participle past)

From huis (“house, home”) + houden (“to keep, maintain”).


huishouden

nl-noun

huishouden n (plural huishoudens, diminutive huishoudentje n)

huishoudens (plural)
huishoudentje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: hou hus

Alteration (influenced by the verb at Etymology 1) of earlier huishoud, from Middle Dutch huushout. Cognate with English household, German Haushalt.

a household, domestic unit of cohabitating people


diens

Samen met de Nederlander Henri Albert Gosse, Jacques Paul en diens zoon Nicolas begon Schweppe in 1790 in Zwitserland een mineraalwaterfabriek.

Together with the Dutch Henri Albert Gosse, Jacques Paul and the latter's son Nicolas, Schweppe began a mineral water factory in 1790 in Switzerland.

(demonstrative, dated) his, the latter's (genitive masculine and neuter singular of die)

(demonstrative) the latter's (genitive singular of die)


schoonzoon

schoonzoon m (plural schoonzonen, diminutive schoonzoontje n)

schoonzonen (plural)
schoonzoontje (diminutive neuter)

In enkele culturen die nog bruidsverkoop beoefenen moet een schoonzoon soms voor haar familie werken om zijn vrouw te verdienen.

In a few cultures still practicing the sale of brides, a son-in-law may have to work for her family to earn his wife.

son-in-law (male partner of one's child)


wiens

Wiens auto is dat?

Martin Van Buren is de enige Amerikaanse president wiens moedertaal niet het Engels was. Zijn eerste taal was het Nederlands.

Martin Van Buren is the only American president whose mother tongue was not English. His first language was Dutch.


fikken

fikken pl (plural only, diminutive fikjes n)

From Middle Dutch fikkere, earlier vijghe, possibly from the root of Etymology 1 (“to burn”).

Blijf met je fikken van m'n spullen af!

(plural only, colloquial or slightly vulgar) fingers


-'s

foto + -'s → foto's

Alternative form of -s, used when a word ends in a long vowel that would turn short if suffixed without the apostrophe

Anna + -'s → Anna's


wijfje

Het wijfje draagt een welp in haar bek.

The female animal carries a whelp in her mouth.


eetstokje

From eten (“to eat”) + stokje (“small stick”).


lieveheersbeestje

Afrikaans: lieweheersbesie

→ West Frisian: leavehearsbistke

From Onze Lieve Heer (“our Dear Lord”) + beestje (“beast, animal”). Compare Russian бо́жья коро́вка (bóžʹja koróvka), Irish bóín Dé, Polish boża krówka.

ncog

бо́жья коро́вка

ladybird, ladybug, insectivore beetle of the family Coccinellidae


Falklandeilanden

Falkland Islands
Falkland Islands#English:_Q9648

Falkland Islands (an archipelago and overseas territory of the United Kingdom, located in the South Atlantic)


uw

head

uw (dependent possessive, independent possessive uwe)

uwe (independent possessive)
ik (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed subjective)
'k (first-person personal pronoun singular subjective unstressed)
mij (first-person objective personal pronoun singular stressed)
me (first-person objective personal pronoun singular unstressed)
mijn (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular stressed)
m'n (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular unstressed)
mijne (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun)
me (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
mijner (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
mijns (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
jij (personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
je (personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
jou (objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (objective personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouw (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouwe (personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
je (personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
jouwer (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
jouws (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
ge (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
u (formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
hij (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ie (masculine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
hem (masculine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
'm (masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zij (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ze (feminine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
hare (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
harer (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
haars (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
het (neuter personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
't (neuter personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
het (neuter objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
't (neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
wij (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
we (first-person personal plural pronoun unstressed)
ons (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun)
ons (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
onzer (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
onzes (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
jullie (personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
je (personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
je (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ge (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
zij (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
ze (personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
hen (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hun (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hunne (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
hunner (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)
huns (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)

From Old Dutch *iuwa, from Proto-Germanic *izweraz. Doublet of jouw.


welk

welke (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
welk (indefinite neuter positive singular)
welke (indefinite plural positive)
welke (definite positive)

From Middle Dutch welc, from Old Dutch *wilik, *welik, from Proto-Germanic *hwilīkaz.

which (what, of those mentioned or implied)


vliegveld

nl-noun

vliegveld n (plural vliegvelden, diminutive vliegveldje n)

vliegvelden (plural)
vliegveldje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: vliegveld

→ Caribbean Javanese: prigpèl

→ Indonesian: lapangan terbang (calque)

→ Saramaccan: fiígífeíti

→ West Frisian: fleanfjild (calque)


potplant

potplant f (plural potplanten, diminutive potplantje n)

potplanten (plural)
potplantje (diminutive neuter)


niks

nl-adj

niks (used only predicatively, comparative meer niks, superlative meest niks)

meer niks (comparative)
meest niks (superlative)

Probably from colloquial and dialectal German nix.

Jij mag deze schilderijen geweldig vinden, maar voor mij is het niks.

You may think these paintings are great, but they're not interesting for me.


huismuis

nl-noun

huismuis f (plural huismuizen, diminutive huismuisje n)

huismuizen (plural)
huismuisje (diminutive neuter)

From huis (“house -, domestic”) + muis (“mouse”).


noppes

Niks, nada, noppes.


eitje

breeze, cakewalk, cinch, doddle, piece of cake, walk in the park (something that is easy to do)


doosje

(derogatory, vulgar) stupid female, cunt, twat (objectionable woman)


Filipijnen

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


Belanda Hitam

From Indonesian Belanda (“Dutch”) + hitam (“black”).


zoutzuur

→ Japanese: 塩酸 (calque)

hydrochloric acid (strong acid made by dissolving the gas, hydrogen chloride)


speeltje

From spel (“game”) + -tje with lengthening of the root vowel as in glaasje etc. Doublet of spelletje. Compare the plurals spelen and spellen, which also show a secondary semantic distinction.
In the sense “toy” perhaps in part a new derivation from the related verb spelen (“to play”).


joune

From jouwe, the standard form. The -n- was interfixed in the hiatus on the model of the pronouns mijne (“mine”) and zijn(e) (“his”), where the -n- is etymological.

Mijn pen is leeg, kan ik de joune lenen?


ingewanden

Afrikaans: ingewande

From Middle Dutch ingewanden. Equivalent to a plural of ingewand.


vrouwtje

(now offensive) woman (as a term of address), wifey, lassie


grondgebied

nl-noun

grondgebied n (plural grondgebieden, diminutive grondgebiedje n)

grondgebieden (plural)
grondgebiedje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of grond (“ground, soil”) + gebied (“territory, region”).

compound

territory (of a country, jurisdiction, etc.)


hetgeen

Univerbation of het (“the”) + geen (“yon, yonder”). Cognate to German dasjenige.

univerbation

Ik herhaal hetgeen toen werd gezegd.

I repeat that which was said at the time.

(relative pronoun) that which, which, what


luiden

From Middle Dutch lûden. More at lieden.


leges

Borrowed from Latin lēgēs, plural of lēx.

administrative fees paid to a government


wevershuisje

Audio


troebelen

nl-noun

troebelen pl (plural only, diminutive troebeltjes n)


Salomonseilanden

Compound of Salomon (“Solomon”) + -s- + eilanden (“islands”).

com

Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands#English:_Q685

Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands#English:_Q148966

Solomon Islands (A country consisting of the majority of the Solomon Islands archipelago in Melanesia, in Oceania, as well as the Santa Cruz Islands)

Solomon Islands (An archipelago in Melanesia, split between the countries of the Solomon Islands and Papua New Guinea)


bibi

(informal, Belgium) yours truly (I, me or myself)


Antigua en Barbuda

Antigua and Barbuda
Antigua and Barbuda#English

Antigua and Barbuda (a country in the Caribbean)


Saint Vincent en de Grenadines

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)


chocolaatje

a piece of chocolate (small piece of confectionery made from chocolate)


schone kunsten

From schone, inflection of schoon 'beautiful' and kunsten 'arts'.


koopje

(Belgium, in the plural) sale (a period of reduced prices)


scheenbeen

nl-noun

scheenbeen n (plural scheenbenen, diminutive scheenbeentje n)

scheenbenen (plural)
scheenbeentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: skeenbeen

Compound of scheen (“shin”) + been (“bone”). Compare German Schienbein, English shinbone, Danish skinneben, Swedish skenben.

a shin, the front of a vertebrate leg beneath the knee


letteren

The senses “literature” and “humanities” have been calqued from French lettres.


kanonskogel

kanonskogel m (plural kanonskogels, diminutive kanonskogeltje n)

kanonskogels (plural)
kanonskogeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kanonkoeël

→ West Frisian: kanonskûgel (calque)

From kanon (“cannon”) + -s- + kogel (“bullet”).

affix

cannon ball, heavy spheric projectile to be launched by artillery


printplaat

nl-noun

printplaat f (plural printplaten, diminutive printplaatje n)

printplaten (plural)
printplaatje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of printen + plaat (“plate, board”).


meiklokje

Convallaria majalis
Convallaria majalis#Translingual

lily of the valley, the spring-flowering plant Convallaria majalis, or its flower


vroedvrouw

vroedvrouw f (plural vroedvrouwen, diminutive vroedvrouwtje n, masculine vroedman)

vroedvrouwen (plural)
vroedvrouwtje (diminutive neuter)
vroedman (masculine)

Afrikaans: vroedvrou

From Middle Dutch vroedvrouw, a calque of Old French sage-femme. Equivalent to vroed (“wise”) + vrouw (“woman”).

midwife (woman who assists women in childbirth)


hondje

flatbed cart or trolley without any handles


poortje

gate, e.g. at a subway or railway station


tussendoortje

Diminutive formed from tussendoor (“in between”).


Bahama's

Bahamas (an archipelago and country in the Caribbean)


Comoren

Union of the Comoros
Union of the Comoros

Comoros (A country and group of islands in the Indian Ocean off the coast of East Africa)

Comoros (an archipelago consisting of the Union of the Comoros and the French overseas department of Mayotte)


omwille van

A univerbation of om + wille used with van.


hersenen

hersenen pl (plural only, diminutive hersentjes n)

Afrikaans: harsings

From Middle Dutch hersene, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *hirzniją.


ijsje

Wil je een ijsje?

Vader belooft Bart een ijsje als hij braaf is.

Dad promises Bart an icecream if he behaves well.


haringhaai

haringhaai m (plural haringhaaien, diminutive haringhaaitje n)

haringhaaien (plural)
haringhaaitje (diminutive neuter)

/ˈɦaːrɪŋɦaːi̯/

From haring (“herring”) + haai (“shark”).


bolletje

The sense relating to recreational drugs is probably a semantic loan from Spanish bolita.

a small ingestible package for trafficking recreational drugs (see the lemma form for derived terms)


zwaantje

(Belgium) a national police officer in a motorcycle-mounted unit


eendje

a duckling, the young of a duck; especially used affectionately


meisie

(colloquial, Holland) Alternative form of meisje


borstbeen

borstbeen n (plural borstbeenderen or borstbenen, diminutive borstbeentje n)

borstbeenderen (plural)
borstbenen (plural)
borstbeentje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch borstbeen. Equivalent to borst (“chest”) + been (“bone”).


ten gunste van

Literally, “to the favor of”; ten and gunste are congruent fossilized dative forms.


voorvader

voorvader m (plural voorvaders, diminutive voorvadertje n)

voorvaders (plural)
voorvadertje (diminutive neuter)

From voor (“before”) + vader (“father”).


veelvraat

veelvraat m (plural veelvraten, diminutive veelvraatje n)

veelvraten (plural)
veelvraatje (diminutive neuter)

1710; compound of veel (“much”) + vraat (“gobbling, eating gluttonously”), calque of German Vielfraß or German Low German Veelfraat. The term originally meant simply ‘glutton’ in German, but was applied to the hyena in pre-modern times. In the 15th century, Old Norwegian fjellfross (“wolverine”, literally “mountain cat”) was borrowed into Middle Low German by Hanseatic fur traders as villevrās and folk-etymologically blended with the existing word for ‘glutton’, possibly influenced by Finnish ahma (“glutton; wolverine”), giving veelvratz (Reinke de Vos, 1498), vēlevrās, vēlevrāt. The meaning ‘wolverine’ was initially the only one received into Dutch, although by 1849 the word had acquired the meaning ‘glutton’.


levensloop

From leven + -s- + loop. Cognate to German Lebenslauf.


zeezout

Afrikaans: seesout

Compound of zee (“sea”) + zout (“salt”).


bosbouw

Compound of bos (“forest”) + bouw (“build”).


ekkies

2016 September, Djuna Spreksel, "RataPlan", in "Kringloopwinkels", Babel, vol. 25, no. 1, page 16.
Zo ligt er een haast nieuw exemplaar van het gehypte I Love Dick van Chris Krauss voor slechts twee ekkies.

For instance, a practically new copy of Chris Krauss's hyped I Love Dick is on offer for just 2 euros.

Maak die ekkies over.