aardwolf

nl-noun

aardwolf m (plural aardwolven, diminutive aardwolfje n)

aardwolven (plural)
aardwolfje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Afrikaans aardwolf. Equivalent to aard + wolf.


wolf

wolf m (plural wolven, diminutive wolfje n, feminine wolvin)

wolven (plural)
wolfje (diminutive neuter)
wolvin (feminine)

Afrikaans: wolf

Jersey Dutch: wâlf

Negerhollands: wuluwuluk

→ Virgin Islands Creole: wuluwuluk (dated)

From Middle Dutch wolf, from Old Dutch *wulf, from Proto-West Germanic *wulf, from Proto-Germanic *wulfaz, from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos.

Ze gingen de wolven bekijken in de dierentuin.

They went to look at the wolves in the zoo.

Er bestaan verschillende soorten wolven.

one of many other canids of the family Canidae, especially of the genus Canis


beer

beer m (plural beren, diminutive beertje n)

beren (plural)
beertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: beer

→ Papiamentu: ber, beer

From Middle Dutch bēre, from Old Dutch *bero, from Proto-West Germanic *berō, from Proto-Germanic *berô.

De beer drinkt bier.

a bear, any member of the family Ursidae


beer

Afrikaans: beer

From Middle Dutch bêer, from Old Dutch *bēr, from Proto-West Germanic *bair.

De kinderboerderij heeft een aantal zeugen en maar één beer.

The petting zoo has a number of sows and only one boar.


os

Afrikaans: os

Negerhollands: os

From Middle Dutch osse, from Old Dutch *osso, earlier *ohso, from Proto-Germanic *uhsô.


bot

bot m (plural botten, diminutive botje n)

botten (plural)
botje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bot

→ West Frisian: bot

From Middle Dutch bot, from Old Dutch *but, from Proto-West Germanic *butt (“stumpy”), from Proto-Germanic *buttaz (“stumpy”). Cognate with English butt (“flatfish”), German Butt (“lefteye flounder”), West Frisian bot (“flounder”).

Ik heb een heerlijke bot gevangen tijdens het vissen.

I caught a delicious flounder while fishing.


big

big m or f (plural biggen, diminutive biggetje n)

biggen (plural)
biggetje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch bagge, vigge, from Old Dutch *bigga, from Proto-West Germanic *biggō. Originally a word exclusive to the Northern Dutch dialects.


dar

dar m (plural darren, diminutive darretje n)

darren (plural)
darretje (diminutive neuter)

Inherited from Middle Dutch darne, by metathesis from dorne, from Old Dutch *drān, from Proto-West Germanic *drānu, from Proto-Germanic *drēnuz.

drone (non-working male bee, ant or wasp)


anoa

anoa m (plural anoa's, diminutive anoaatje n)

anoa's (plural)
anoaatje (diminutive neuter)


alpaca

alpaca m (plural alpaca's, diminutive alpacaatje n)

alpaca's (plural)
alpacaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Spanish alpaca, from Aymara allpaqa.


lama

lama m (plural lama's, diminutive lamaatje n)

lama's (plural)
lamaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Spanish llama, from Quechua llama.


lama

(informal, Internet slang, text messaging) Abbreviation of laat maar (“never mind”).


guanaco

guanaco m (plural guanaco's, diminutive guanacootje n)

guanaco's (plural)
guanacootje (diminutive neuter)

Lama guanicoe
Lama guanicoe#Translingual

guanaco (a South American ruminant (Lama guanicoe), closely related to the other lamoids, the alpaca, llama, and vicuña in the family Camelidae)


wombat

wombat m (plural wombats, diminutive wombatje n)

wombats (plural)
wombatje (diminutive neuter)


koala

koala m (plural koala's, diminutive koalaatje n)

koala's (plural)
koalaatje (diminutive neuter)


impala

impala m (plural impala's, diminutive impalaatje n)

impala's (plural)
impalaatje (diminutive neuter)


kiwi

kiwi m (plural kiwi's, diminutive kiwietje n)

kiwi's (plural)
kiwietje (diminutive neuter)


alligator

alligator m (plural alligators, diminutive alligatortje n)

alligators (plural)
alligatortje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English alligator, from Spanish el lagarto (“the lizard”).

alligator, crocodilian of the genus Alligator


caracal

caracal m (plural caracals, diminutive caracalletje n)

caracals (plural)
caracalletje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French caracal, from Ottoman Turkish قرهقولاق (kara kulak), a calque of Persian سیاهگوش (siyah guš).

Caracal caracal
Caracal caracal#Translingual


sepia

From Middle Dutch sepia, a direct borrowing from Latin sepia, and reinforced by French or Italian.


ai

Borrowed from Portuguese ai, from Old Tupi ai.

Bradypus tridactylus
Wikispecies:Bradypus tridactylus

pale-throated sloth (Bradypus tridactylus)


slang

slang f (plural slangen, diminutive slangetje n)

slangen (plural)
slangetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: slang

Berbice Creole Dutch: slanggi

Negerhollands: slang, slaṅ

Skepi Creole Dutch: slanka

→ Aukan: salan

→ Caribbean Javanese: selang

→ Indonesian: slang (“hose”)

→ Papiamentu: slan

From Middle Dutch slange, from Old Dutch slango, from Proto-Germanic *slangô (“snake, serpent”).

inh

snake, squamate of the suborder Serpentes


slang

nl-noun

slang n (plural slangs, diminutive slangetje n)

slangs (plural)
slangetje (diminutive neuter)

slang, language outside the conventional register specific to a social group


gans

gans f (plural ganzen, diminutive gansje n)

ganzen (plural)
gansje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: gans

→ Xhosa: urhanisi

→ Zulu: ihansi

Jersey Dutch: xânz

Negerhollands: gans

→ Lokono: kansa

→ Caribbean Hindustani: hans

→ Papiamentu: gans (dated)

→ Sranan Tongo: gansi

→ Aukan: gansi

→ Saramaccan: gánsi

From Middle Dutch gans (alongside gōs, gās), from Proto-West Germanic *gans, from Proto-Germanic *gans.

a goose, a waterfowl of the family Anatidae, especially of the subfamily Anserinae excepting the genera Cygnus and Coscoroba; in non-scientific usage the term may be applied to larger waterfowl of the Anatidae who do not belong to the Anserinae


dodo

dodo m (plural dodo's, diminutive dodootje n)

dodo's (plural)
dodootje (diminutive neuter)

Raphus cucullatus
Raphus cucullatus#Translingual


lam

lam n (plural lammeren, diminutive lammetje n)

lammeren (plural)
lammetje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: lam, lamtje

→ Papiamentu: lamchi, lammetsje

From Middle Dutch lam, from Old Dutch *lamb, from Proto-West Germanic *lamb.

(metonymically) the meat - or fleece/wool produce of a lamb; a dish prepared from lamb's meat

(figuratively) a gentle person, especially an innocent child


lam

nl-adj

lam (comparative lammer, superlative lamst)

lammer (comparative)
lamst (superlative)
lam (adverbial positive predicative)
lammer (adverbial comparative predicative)
het lamst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het lamste (adverbial predicative superlative)
lamme (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
lammere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
lamste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
lam (indefinite neuter positive singular)
lammer (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
lamste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
lamme (indefinite plural positive)
lammere (comparative indefinite plural)
lamste (indefinite plural superlative)
lamme (definite positive)
lammere (comparative definite)
lamste (definite superlative)
lams (partitive positive)
lammers (comparative partitive)

Negerhollands: lam

→ Caribbean Javanese: lam

→ Papiamentu: lam

From Middle Dutch lam, from Old Dutch *lam, from Proto-West Germanic *lam, from Proto-Germanic *lamaz.


keep

nl-noun

keep m (plural kepen, diminutive keepje n)

kepen (plural)
keepje (diminutive neuter)

Unknown, but possibly related to German Kepf (“bird of prey”).
West Frisian keepfink (“bramblefinch”) is likely an adapted borrowing of the Dutch.

Fringilla montifringilla
Fringilla montifringilla#Translingual


octopus

octopus m (plural octopussen, diminutive octopusje n)

octopussen (plural)
octopusje (diminutive neuter)

From Ancient Greek ὀκτώπους (oktṓpous), from ὀκτώ (oktṓ, “eight”) + πούς (poús, “foot”).


wisent

wisent m (plural wisenten, diminutive wisentje n)

wisenten (plural)
wisentje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from German Wisent in the 19th century. The native word, Middle Dutch wesende, from Old Dutch *wisent (in the placename Wisenthurst) had by then long been obsolete due to the medieval extinction of the species in Western Europe.
Breeding programmes and the establishment of several viable herds in the Netherlands has since the early 21st century rendered the word familiar to a broader audience; it was previously mostly restricted to a learned context.


otter

otter m (plural otters, diminutive ottertje n)

otters (plural)
ottertje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: otro

From Middle Dutch otter, from Old Dutch *ottar, from Proto-West Germanic *otr.


lynx

lynx m (plural lynxen, diminutive lynxje n)

lynxen (plural)
lynxje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch linx, from Latin lynx, from Ancient Greek λύγξ (lúnx). Doublet of los (“lynx”).

lynx, felid of the genus Lynx, in particular the Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx); sometimes used of other medium-sized felids with large, plumed ears


ram

ram m (plural rammen, diminutive rammetje n, feminine ooi)

rammen (plural)
rammetje (diminutive neuter)
ooi (feminine)

Afrikaans: ram

From Middle Dutch ram (“a male sheep”), from Old Dutch *ram, of West-Germanic origin, possibly from Proto-Germanic *rammaz (“strong”). Cognate to English ram (“a male sheep”). The sense "battering ram" was borrowed as a semantic loan from Latin ariēs in Middle Dutch.


pos

pos f (plural possen, diminutive posje n)

possen (plural)
posje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch posch, from Old Dutch *posc, of unknown descent. Compare West Frisian poask.

Gymnocephalus cernua
Gymnocephalus cernua#Translingual


teek

teek m (plural teken, diminutive teekje n)

teken (plural)
teekje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch teke, from Old Dutch *tika, from Proto-West Germanic *tīkō (“tick”).


raaf

raaf m or f (plural raven, diminutive raafje n)

raven (plural)
raafje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: raaf

→ Sranan Tongo: rafru

From Middle Dutch rāve, formed by rebracketing from the older singular form rāven which was reinterpreted as a plural; the singular raven (plural ravens or ravenen) persisted in some dialects until at least the eighteenth century, well beyond the Middle Dutch period. The Middle Dutch furthermore descends from Old Dutch ravan, from Proto-West Germanic *hrabn, from Proto-Germanic *hrabnaz, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorh₂-.


ekster

ekster m (plural eksters, diminutive ekstertje n)

eksters (plural)
ekstertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ekster

From Middle Dutch egestre, exter, from Old Dutch *agastra, from Proto-West Germanic *agastrijā.


putter

putter m (plural putters, diminutive puttertje n)

putters (plural)
puttertje (diminutive neuter)

Carduelis carduelis
Carduelis carduelis#Translingual

a European goldfinch, Eurasian goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis)


ruin

ruin m (plural ruinen, diminutive ruintje n)

ruinen (plural)
ruintje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch rûun. Cognate with Middle Low German rûne, Middle High German rūn. Further origin unknown; possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (“to dig out, rip off”).


bij

nl-adj

bij (used only predicatively, not comparable)

From Middle Dutch bi, from Old Dutch bī, from Proto-West Germanic *bī, from Proto-Germanic *bi.

Eerst leek hij te langzaam, maar nu is hij weer bij.

First he seemed too slow, but now he has caught up again.


jaguar

nl-noun

jaguar m (plural jaguars, diminutive jaguartje n)

jaguars (plural)
jaguartje (diminutive neuter)

/ˈdʒɛ.ɡuˌɑr/

/ˈdʒɛ.ɡuˌər/

Apparently borrowed from French jaguar, from Portuguese jaguar, from Old Tupi îagûara. The contemporary pronunciation derives from English jaguar.

As for the puma and the jaguar, it clearly appears from the descriptions by them, who have seen these animals, that the cougar is not a lion, and [that] the jaguar is not a tiger; […]

1777, De Buffon, De algemeene en byzondere natuurlyke historie, vol. 5, part 1, tr. from French, J. H. Schneider (publ.), page 5. Wat den puma en den jaguar betreft, het blykt duidelyk uit de beſchryvingen van hun, die deze dieren gezien hebben, dat de puma geen leeuw is, en de jaguar geen tyger; […]


mot

mot f (plural motten, diminutive motje n)

motten (plural)
motje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: mot

→ Papiamentu: mot (dated)

From Middle Dutch motte, from Proto-West Germanic *mottō, *moþþō, perhaps related to *muggju (“mosquito, midge”), or *maþō (“worm”). Cognate to English moth, German Motte.

butterfly-like insect: moth (usually nocturnal insect of the order Lepidoptera)


mot

From Middle Low German mutte, perhaps ultimately related to Proto-Germanic *muþraz (“to be dirty, wet”).


giraffe

nl-noun

giraffe f (plural giraffen or giraffes, diminutive giraffetje n or girafje n)

giraffen (plural)
giraffes (plural)
giraffetje (diminutive neuter)
girafje (diminutive neuter)

Possibly via German Giraffe, from Italian giraffa, from Arabic زَرَافَة (zarāfa).


okapi

okapi m (plural okapi's, diminutive okapietje n)

okapi's (plural)
okapietje (diminutive neuter)


mus

mus f (plural mussen, diminutive musje n)

mussen (plural)
musje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mossie

→ Papiamentu: mùs

From Middle Dutch mussche, from Old Dutch musca, from Latin muscio, derived from musca (“fly”).
Cognate with Limburgish mösj, Central Franconian Mösch, Mesch, Luxembourgish Mësch.

sparrow, bird of the family Passeridae, especially of the genus Passer and a few smaller genera


das

das m (plural dassen, diminutive dasje n)

dassen (plural)
dasje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: das, dassie

→ English: dassie

Jersey Dutch: dās

→ West Frisian: das

From Middle Dutch das, from Old Dutch *thas, from Proto-West Germanic *þahs, from Proto-Germanic *þahsuz.

A badger, various species of genera Meles and Taxidea.


ei

ei n (plural eieren, diminutive eitje n)

eieren (plural)
eitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: eier

Berbice Creole Dutch: airi

Jersey Dutch: āi

Negerhollands: ee, eiu, eyu, eju

From Middle Dutch ei, from Old Dutch *ei, from Proto-West Germanic *aij, from Proto-Germanic *ajją, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm.

Ik heb een ei gebakken voor het ontbijt.

Pasen is een feest waarbij veel eieren worden geschilderd.

Easter is a festival where many eggs are painted.

In deze doos zitten twaalf eieren.


serpent

serpent n or f or m (plural serpenten, diminutive serpentje n)

serpenten (plural)
serpentje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch serpent, from Old French serpent (“snake, serpent”), from Latin serpēns (“snake”), from the verb serpō (“I creep, crawl”).


panda

panda m (plural panda's, diminutive pandaatje n)

panda's (plural)
pandaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French panda, apparently from regional Tibetan ཕོ་ཉ (pho nya).

Ailuropoda melanoleuca
Ailuropoda melanoleuca#Translingual

panda, giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca)


gazelle

gazelle f (plural gazellen, diminutive gazelletje n)

gazellen (plural)
gazelletje (diminutive neuter)

/ˌɣaːˈzɛ.lə/

Unadapted borrowing from French gazelle.


wildebeest

wildebeest n (plural wildebeesten, diminutive wildebeestje n)

wildebeesten (plural)
wildebeestje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Afrikaans wildebees (literally “wild ox”). Equivalent to wilde + beest.


flamingo

nl-noun

flamingo m (plural flamingo's, diminutive flamingootje n)

flamingo's (plural)
flamingootje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: flamink

Borrowed from Portuguese flamingo, from Spanish flamengo, from Old Occitan flamenc, which derives either from Latin flamma (“flame”), after the color of its plumage, or (less likely) from Middle Dutch vlaminc, after their ruddy skin color (compare Spanish flamenco).

a flamingo, bird of the family Phoenicopteridae


hyena

hyena f (plural hyena's, diminutive hyenaatje n)

hyena's (plural)
hyenaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Latin hyaena, from Ancient Greek ὕαινα (húaina).

hyena, any member of the family Hyaenidae


cobra

cobra f (plural cobra's, diminutive cobraatje n)

cobra's (plural)
cobraatje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: kobra

Borrowed from Portuguese cobra, from Old Galician-Portuguese coobra, from Latin colubra.


galah

galah m (plural galahs, diminutive galahtje n)

galahs (plural)
galahtje (diminutive neuter)


hond

hond m (plural honden, diminutive hondje n)

honden (plural)
hondje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hond

Berbice Creole Dutch: hondo

Jersey Dutch: hônt

Negerhollands: hond, hon, hont, hun

→ Virgin Islands Creole: hont (dated)

From Middle Dutch hont, from Old Dutch hunt, from Proto-West Germanic *hund, from Proto-Germanic *hundaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwn̥tós, from *ḱwṓ. Cognate to German Hund, English hound.

De hond rent achter de bal aan.

Zijn hond is zijn beste vriend.

Het hondje speelt in de tuin.

The little dog is playing in the garden.

Canis lupus familiaris
Canis lupus familiaris#Translingual


mug

mug f (plural muggen, diminutive mugje n or muggetje n)

muggen (plural)
mugje (diminutive neuter)
muggetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mug

→ English: muggie

From Middle Dutch mugge, from Old Dutch *mugga, from Proto-West Germanic *muggju, from Proto-Germanic *mugjō (“midge”).
Compare Low German mügge, German Mücke, West Frisian mich, English midge, Danish myg.

a mosquito, a gnat, any fly of the suborder Nematocera except sometimes the larger tropical species (which are commonly called muskiet)


aal

aal m (plural alen, diminutive aaltje n)

alen (plural)
aaltje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch âel, from Old Dutch *āl, from Proto-West Germanic *āl, from Proto-Germanic *ēlaz.

Anguilla anguilla
Anguilla anguilla#Translingual


frater

frater m (plural fraters, diminutive fratertje n)

fraters (plural)
fratertje (diminutive neuter)

Linaria flavirostris
Linaria flavirostris#Translingual

a twite (Linaria flavirostris, syn. Carduelis flavirostris)


ros

ros n (plural rossen, diminutive rosje n)

rossen (plural)
rosje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ros

desc

⇒ Dutch: rossen (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)

→ West Frisian: rosse (verb)

From Middle Dutch ros, from Old Dutch ros, hors, from Proto-West Germanic *hross, from Proto-Germanic *hrussą (“horse”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”). Doublet of kar.


ros

nl-adj

ros (comparative rosser, superlative meest ros or rost)

rosser (comparative)
meest ros (superlative)
rost (superlative)
ros (adverbial positive predicative)
rosser (adverbial comparative predicative)
het rost (adverbial predicative superlative)
het roste (adverbial predicative superlative)
rosse (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
rossere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
roste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
ros (indefinite neuter positive singular)
rosser (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
roste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
rosse (indefinite plural positive)
rossere (comparative indefinite plural)
roste (indefinite plural superlative)
rosse (definite positive)
rossere (comparative definite)
roste (definite superlative)
ros (partitive positive)
rossers (comparative partitive)


coyote

nl-noun

coyote m (plural coyotes, diminutive coyootje n)

coyotes (plural)
coyootje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English coyote, from Spanish coyote, from a Nahuan language, from Proto-Nahuan *koyootl.

Canis latrans
Canis latrans#Translingual


anaconda

anaconda, constrictor of the genus Eunectes


rob

rob m (plural robben, diminutive robbetje n)

robben (plural)
robbetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: rob

Uncertain; compare English rabbit. Or, possibly related to Latvian rups (“coarse, rough”), referring to the whiskers. Also compared is the personal name Robbe. Has also compared to English rub, referring to seals' movements, but this is unlikely.


rob

rob f (plural robben, diminutive robbeken n)

robben (plural)
robbeken (diminutive neuter)

Uncertain; compare English rabbit, as well as English rub, referring to the fur. Or, from Proto-West Germanic *reufan (“to tear”), hinted by the animals' digging of tunnels.


basilisk

basilisk m (plural basilisken, diminutive basiliskje n)

basilisken (plural)
basiliskje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch basilisc, from Latin basiliscus, from Ancient Greek βασιλίσκος (basilískos).

a basilisk, a tree-dwelling lizard of the genus Basiliscus


hop

hop m (plural hoppen, diminutive hopje n)

hoppen (plural)
hopje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch hoppe, ultimately from Latin upupa (“hoopoe”), which may have been borrowed through Old French huppe.

hoopoe, the species Upupa epops or an individual of this species


gander

gander m (plural ganders, diminutive gandertje n)

ganders (plural)
gandertje (diminutive neuter)

Most likely from English gander or Low German gander, ganner. Both are possibly formed from gans (“goose”) in an analogous way as kater (“male cat”) from kat (“(female) cat”) and doffer (“male dove”) from duif (“(female) dove”).


hen

ik (first-person personal pronoun singular stressed subjective)
'k (first-person personal pronoun singular subjective unstressed)
mij (first-person objective personal pronoun singular stressed)
me (first-person objective personal pronoun singular unstressed)
mijn (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular stressed)
m'n (first-person personal possessive pronoun singular unstressed)
mijne (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun)
me (first-person personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
mijner (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
mijns (archaic first-person genitive personal predicative pronoun)
jij (personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
je (personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
jou (objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (objective personal pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouw (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
je (personal possessive pronoun second-person singular unstressed)
jouwe (personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
je (personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
jouwer (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
jouws (archaic genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
ge (archaic dialectal personal pronoun second-person singular subjective unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal pronoun second-person singular stressed subjective)
u (formal objective personal pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uw (formal personal possessive pronoun second-person singular stressed)
uwe (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal predicative pronoun second-person)
hij (masculine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ie (masculine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
hem (masculine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
'm (masculine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (masculine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (masculine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive masculine personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zij (feminine personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
ze (feminine personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
haar (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
h'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
d'r (feminine personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
hare (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (feminine personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
harer (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
haars (archaic feminine genitive personal predicative pronoun third-person)
het (neuter personal pronoun singular stressed subjective third-person)
't (neuter personal pronoun singular subjective third-person unstressed)
het (neuter objective personal pronoun singular stressed third-person)
't (neuter objective personal pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijn (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular stressed third-person)
z'n (neuter personal possessive pronoun singular third-person unstressed)
zijne (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (neuter personal possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
zijner (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
zijns (archaic genitive neuter personal predicative pronoun third-person)
wij (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
we (first-person personal plural pronoun unstressed)
ons (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural pronoun stressed)
onze (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun)
ons (first-person personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive)
onzer (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
onzes (archaic first-person genitive personal plural predicative pronoun)
jullie (personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
je (personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
je (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
gij (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
ge (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person unstressed)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (archaic dialectal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (archaic dialectal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic dialectal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uw (formal personal plural pronoun second-person stressed)
uwe (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun second-person)
u (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
zich (formal personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive second-person)
uwer (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
uws (archaic formal genitive personal plural predicative pronoun second-person)
zij (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
ze (personal plural pronoun third-person unstressed)
hen (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hun (personal plural pronoun stressed third-person)
hunne (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun third-person)
zich (personal plural possessive predicative pronoun reflexive third-person)
hunner (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)
huns (archaic genitive personal plural predicative pronoun third-person)

From Old Dutch hin, from Proto-Germanic *himaz.


hen

hen f (plural hennen, diminutive hennetje n, masculine haan)

hennen (plural)
hennetje (diminutive neuter)
haan (masculine)

Afrikaans: hen

Jersey Dutch: hän

From Middle Dutch henne, from Old Dutch *henna, from Proto-West Germanic *hannju, from Proto-Germanic *hanjō, from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂n- (“to sing”).

hen, female chicken; female of a related species

a female of the species of birds brooding on the ground

(figuratively) 'bird', colloquial term for a human female


hen

Chosen in an online poll by Transgender Netwerk Nederland in 2016. The alternative die arose from the same poll.

(gender-neutral, nonstandard) they (singular) (subject pronoun). A gender-neutral singular third-person personal pronoun.

(gender-neutral, nonstandard) them (singular) (object pronoun). A gender-neutral singular third-person personal pronoun.


kip

kip f (plural kippen, diminutive kippetje n or kipje n)

kippen (plural)
kippetje (diminutive neuter)
kipje (diminutive neuter)

Petjo: kip (archaic)

→ Loup A: kipkip

→ Mohawk: kítkit

→ Oneida: kítkit

→ Mohegan-Pequot: kikipus

Nederlandsche vogelen
Nicoline van der Sijs

Possibly from an imitative birdcall. Not found in Middle Dutch or other Germanic languages. Displaced the older term hen in northern Dutch around the 18th century.
The policeman sense might be from French "poulet", refering to police station in Paris that was built over a former farm.

onomatopoeic

imitative

(chiefly Netherlands) a chicken, Gallus gallus domesticus


worm

nl-noun

worm m (plural wormen, diminutive wormpje n)

wormen (plural)
wormpje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: wurm

Berbice Creole Dutch: worum

Negerhollands: worm, wurum

From Middle Dutch worm, from Old Dutch *wurm, *worm, from Proto-Germanic *wurmiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis. Compare English worm, West Frisian wjirm, German Wurm, Danish orm.

worm, vernacular term for various, mostly legless invertebrates; often nematodes or legless arthropod larvae.


vos

vos m (plural vossen, diminutive vosje n, feminine vossin)

vossen (plural)
vosje (diminutive neuter)
vossin (feminine)

Afrikaans: vos

Jersey Dutch: vośe

Negerhollands: vos

Inherited from Middle Dutch vos, from Old Dutch fus, vus, from Proto-West Germanic *fuhs, from Proto-Germanic *fuhsaz.

een vos verliest wel zijn haren, maar niet zijn streken

Vulpes vulpes
Vulpes vulpes#Translingual

a tortoiseshell (any of various similar nymphalid butterflies)


kitten

kitten m (plural kittens, diminutive kittentje n)

kittens (plural)
kittentje (diminutive neuter)

2015, Joubert Pignon, "Kittens", in Paul van der Steen (ed.), Negenenhalf leven. Nieuwe en klassieke kattenverhalen, Xander Uitgevers B.V. (publ.).
Telkens wanneer we in een huis kwamen wonen, zei ik tegen mijn vriendin dat dit geen huis voor kittens was, maar dat we ooit een huis zouden hebben dat geschikt is voor kittens. Ik hoopte dat we nooit in een huis zouden wonen dat geschikt is voor kittens.

Each time when we began living in a house, I told my girlfriend that this was not a house for kittens, but that we would have a house one day that is appropriate for kittens. I hoped that we would never live in a house that is appropriate for kittens.


kitten

kitten (infinitive)
kitten (gerund neuter)
kit (first-person present singular)
kitte (first-person past singular)
kit (present second-person singular)
kitte (past second-person singular)
kit (formal present second-person singular)
kitte (formal past second-person singular)
kit (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
kit (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
kitte (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
kitte (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
kit (present singular third-person)
kitte (past singular third-person)
kitten (plural present)
kitten (past plural)
kitte (archaic present singular subjunctive)
kitte (archaic past singular subjunctive)
kitten (archaic plural present subjunctive)
kitten (archaic past plural subjunctive)
kit (imperative present singular)
kit (archaic imperative plural present)
kittend (participle present)
gekit (participle past)

1996, dr. A.M. Soeterboek & drs. L.F. Stapper, Het geneesmiddel en zijn toepassing, Bohn Stafleu van Loghum (publ., 9th ed.), page 21.
Granulaten zijn poeders die tot kleine brokjes aan elkaar gekit zijn.

Granulates are powders that have been adjoined to one another with sealant.


trap

trap f (plural trappen, diminutive trapje n)

trappen (plural)
trapje (diminutive neuter)

From German Trappe, from Polish drop or Czech drop.


bok

bok m (plural bokken, diminutive bokje n)

bokken (plural)
bokje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bok
→ Xhosa: ibhokhwe

Negerhollands: bok

Sranan Tongo: boko, bokoboko

Aukan: boko boko

From Middle Dutch boc, from Old Dutch buc, from Proto-West Germanic *bukk, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz.


muil

muil m (plural muilen, diminutive muiltje n)

muilen (plural)
muiltje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: milen, myel

From Middle Dutch muul, from Latin (calceus) mulleus (“red shoe”).

De sprookjesprins zocht Assepoester, met als enige aanwijzing haar glazen muiltje.

The fairytale prince looked for Cinderella with her glass slipper as the only clue.

(usually as diminutive) a flat type of footwear


haas

haas m (plural hazen, diminutive haasje n)

hazen (plural)
haasje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: haas

Jersey Dutch: hâśe (from the diminutive)

From Middle Dutch hāse, from Old Dutch *haso, Proto-West Germanic *hasō ~ *haʀ-, from Proto-Germanic *hasô.


eend

eend f (plural eenden, diminutive eendje n)

eenden (plural)
eendje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: eend

Jersey Dutch: êntśe (from the diminutive)

From Middle Dutch ent, eent, from Old Dutch ened, from Proto-West Germanic *anad, from Proto-Germanic *anadz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énh₂ts. Cognate with German Ente.
The sense “Citroën 2CV” is shared with German Ente.

Coordinate term: woerd

A duck, waterfowl of the family Anatidae excluding the subfamily Anserinae; in non-scientific usage the term may be reserved for only the smaller (not goose-like) members of the Anatidae or reserved for females only.


adder

adder m or f (plural adders or adderen, diminutive addertje n)

adders (plural)
adderen (plural)
addertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: adder

Negerhollands: adder

From Middle Dutch adder, adre, rebracketing of nadder, nadre, from Old Dutch *nadra, from Proto-West Germanic *nadrā.

viper, adder; snake of the family Viperidae


meerkat

meerkat f (plural meerkatten, diminutive meerkatje n)

meerkatten (plural)
meerkatje (diminutive neuter)

desctree

Afrikaans: meerkat
→ English: meerkat, meercat, mierkat
→ Japanese: ミーアキャット (mīakyatto)
→ Korean: 미어캣 (mieokaet)
→ Thai: เมียร์แคต (miia-kɛ́t)

From Middle Dutch meercatte (“monkey, ape”), from Old Dutch *merikatta. Equivalent to meer + kat. Cognate with Old High German merikazza (German Meerkatze).

De groene meerkat of vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops) is de meest voorkomende aap in zuidelijk Afrika.

2013, Bas Vlugt, Namibië, Botswana en Zimbabwe:

The African green monkey or vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops) is the most common monkey in southern Africa.

2016, Sterre Leufkens, Taal, in Elementaire deeltjes, vol. 40, Amsterdam University Press (publ.), page 32.
Het bijzondere aan meerkatten is dat ze hun waarschuwingssignalen betekenisvol kunnen combineren met andere woordjes.

The special thing about guenons is that they can meaningfully combine their warning signals with other short words.

a guenon, vervet, talapoin or patas; one of a number of monkeys of the genus Cercopithecus, or of the tribe Cercopithecini


ever

nl-noun

ever m (plural evers, diminutive evertje n)

evers (plural)
evertje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch ēver, from Old Dutch *evur, from Proto-West Germanic *ebur. Cognate with Latin aper, Proto-Slavic *veprь (“wild boar”).


beagle

beagle m (plural beagles, diminutive beagletje n)

beagles (plural)
beagletje (diminutive neuter)


tong

tong m (plural tongen, diminutive tongetje n)

tongen (plural)
tongetje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch tonge, from Old Dutch tunga, from Proto-West Germanic *tungā, from Proto-Germanic *tungǭ, from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s. The sense "Solea solea" likely refers to these flat fish' resemblance to a tongue.


stern

stern m (plural sterns or sternen, diminutive sterntje n)

sterns (plural)
sternen (plural)
sterntje (diminutive neuter)

Possibly cognate with Latin sturnus (“starling”).


albatros

albatros m (plural albatrossen, diminutive albatrosje n)

albatrossen (plural)
albatrosje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English albatross, from Spanish or Portuguese alcatraz.

albatross, seabird of the family Diomedeidae


sabel

Martes zibellina
Martes zibellina#Translingual


gent

gent m (plural genten, diminutive gentje n)

genten (plural)
gentje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch gent, from Old Dutch *genit, variant of *ganut, from Proto-West Germanic *ganut, from Proto-Germanic *ganutaz.


gent

De genten vormen een familie in de orde der Suliformes.

The Sulidae constitute a family in the Suliformes order.


kea

kea m (plural kea's, diminutive keaatje n)

kea's (plural)
keaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English kea, from Maori kea.

Nestor notabilis
Nestor notabilis#Translingual


omelet

omelet f (plural omeletten, diminutive omeletje n)

omeletten (plural)
omeletje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: òmelèt


pad

pad n (plural paden, diminutive paadje n)

paden (plural)
paadje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: pad

Berbice Creole Dutch: pata

Jersey Dutch: pât, pāt

Negerhollands: pad, pat

From Middle Dutch pat, from Old Dutch path, from Proto-West Germanic *paþ, from Proto-Germanic *paþaz (“path”). Cognate with English path, West Frisian paad and German Pfad.


pad

pad f (plural padden, diminutive padje n)

padden (plural)
padje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: padda

From Middle Dutch padde, pedde, from Old Dutch *padda, from Proto-West Germanic *paddā, from Proto-Germanic *paddǭ (“toad”).
Cognates
Cognate with Old English padde (compare English paddock), Old Norse padda (Swedish padda, Danish/Norwegian padde).

toad (an amphibian of the order Anura similar to a frog with shorter legs and more ragged skin)


pad

pad c (plural padden, diminutive padje n)

(cycling) the slot in the frame that accepts the axle of the wheel; dropout


mier

mier f (plural mieren, diminutive miertje n)

mieren (plural)
miertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mier

Berbice Creole Dutch: mira

Skepi Creole Dutch: mira

→ Ambonese Malay: mir

→ Lokono: miri

→ Aukan: mila

→ Kupang Malay: mir

→ Sranan Tongo: mira

→ West Frisian: mier

From Middle Dutch miere, from Old Dutch *miuri, from Proto-Germanic *miurijǭ.


klipspringer

klipspringer m (plural klipspringers, diminutive klipspringertje n)

klipspringers (plural)
klipspringertje (diminutive neuter)

desctree

Afrikaans: klipspringer
→ English: klipspringer

From klip (“rock”) + springer (“jumper”). Attested since the early 18th century.


springbok

nl-noun

springbok m (plural springbokken, diminutive springbokje n)

springbokken (plural)
springbokje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: springbok

→ English: springbok

From springen (“to spring”) + bok (“buck, billy goat, antelope”).


bulldog

nl-noun

bulldog m (plural bulldogs, diminutive bulldogje n)

bulldogs (plural)
bulldogje (diminutive neuter)


chinchilla

chinchilla f (plural chinchilla's, diminutive chinchillaatje n)

chinchilla's (plural)
chinchillaatje (diminutive neuter)

chinchilla, rodent of the genus Chinchilla

long-tailed chinchilla
long-tailed chinchilla

lesser chinchilla, long-tailed chinchilla, Chinchilla lanigera


buldog

buldog m (plural buldoggen or buldogs, diminutive buldogje n)

buldoggen (plural)
buldogs (plural)
buldogje (diminutive neuter)


skink

skink m (plural skinken, diminutive skinkje n)

skinken (plural)
skinkje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English skink, from Middle French scinc, from Latin scincus, from Ancient Greek σκίγγος (skíngos), σκίγκος (skínkos).

a skink, any lizard of the family Scincidae


jak

jak n (plural jakken, diminutive jakje n)

jakken (plural)
jakje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: jakje (from the diminutive)

From Middle Dutch jak, borrowed from Old French jaque (“medieval doublet”). Cognate with English jacket.


moa

Borrowed from English moa, from Maori moa, from Proto-Polynesian *moa.

moa (extinct bird of the family Dinornithidae)


bever

bever m (plural bevers, diminutive bevertje n)

bevers (plural)
bevertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bewer

From Middle Dutch bēver, from Old Dutch *bevar, from Proto-West Germanic *bebru, from Proto-Germanic *bebruz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰébʰrus.


chiton

Borrowed from Ancient Greek χιτών (khitṓn).

chiton (mollusc of the class Polyplacophora)


eider

eider m (plural eiders, diminutive eidertje n)

eiders (plural)
eidertje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Icelandic æðr or German Eider, the latter also derives from Icelandic.


eland

eland m (plural elanden, diminutive elandje n)

elanden (plural)
elandje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: eland
→ English: eland

From Middle Dutch elant, from obsolete German elen, elend, from Middle High German elen, from Old Lithuanian ellenis.


ocelot

ocelot m (plural ocelotten, diminutive ocelotje n)

ocelotten (plural)
ocelotje (diminutive neuter)

From French ocelot, a word formed by Buffon from Nahuatl ōcēlōtl (“jaguar”).


tapir

tapir m (plural tapirs, diminutive tapirtje n)

tapirs (plural)
tapirtje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Spanish tapir, from Old Tupi tapi'ira.


vee

Afrikaans: vee

Negerhollands: vee

From Middle Dutch vêe, from Old Dutch fē, from Proto-West Germanic *fehu, from Proto-Germanic *fehu, from Proto-Indo-European *peḱu- (“livestock”). Cognate to English fee.

Het vee graast in de weide.

The livestock is grazing in the pasture.

De boerderij houdt vee voor zowel melk als vlees.

The farm keeps cattle for both milk and meat.

Ze handelen in vee, voornamelijk schapen en geiten.

They trade in livestock, mainly sheep and goats.


fret

fret m (plural fretten, diminutive fretje n)

fretten (plural)
fretje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch furet, fret, from Old French furet, from Vulgar Latin *fūrittus, diminutive of Latin fūr (“thief”).

Mustela putorius furo
Mustela putorius furo#Translingual


ree

ree f or n (plural reeën, diminutive reetje n)

reeën (plural)
reetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ree

From Middle Dutch ree, from Old Dutch rēa, from Proto-West Germanic *raihō, from Proto-Germanic *raihô.

Capreolus capreolus
Capreolus capreolus#Translingual


aap

aap m (plural apen, diminutive aapje n, feminine apin)

apen (plural)
aapje (diminutive neuter)
apin (feminine)

Afrikaans: aap

From Middle Dutch āpe, from Old Dutch *apo, from Proto-West Germanic *apō, from Proto-Germanic *apô.

monkey, ape, simian; any member of the infraorder Simiiformes


apin

apin f (plural apinnen, diminutive apinnetje n, masculine aap)

apinnen (plural)
apinnetje (diminutive neuter)
aap (masculine)

From aap (“monkey, ape”) + -in (feminine suffix).


maki

nl-noun

maki m (plural maki's, diminutive makietje n)

maki's (plural)
makietje (diminutive neuter)

lemur, lemurid (mammal from the family Lemuridae)


gorilla

gorilla m (plural gorilla's, diminutive gorillaatje n)

gorilla's (plural)
gorillaatje (diminutive neuter)


quetzal

quetzal m (plural quetzals, diminutive quetzaltje n)

quetzals (plural)
quetzaltje (diminutive neuter)

From Spanish quetzal, from Classical Nahuatl quetzalli (“brightly colored tail feather, quetzal feather”).


trogon

nl-noun

trogon m (plural trogons, diminutive trogonnetje n)

trogons (plural)
trogonnetje (diminutive neuter)


konijn

konijn n (plural konijnen, diminutive konijntje n)

konijnen (plural)
konijntje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: konyn

desctree

→ Indonesian: kelinci
→ Cia-Cia: kelinci, 껠린찌

→ Papiamentu: konènchi, konijntsje (from the diminutive)

→ Sranan Tongo: konkoni, konikoni

→ Lokono: koneso

→ Aukan: konkoni

desc

→ Caribbean Hindustani: konkoni, kunkuni

→ Caribbean Javanese: koni-koni

From Middle Dutch conijn, from earlier Middle Dutch conin, from Old French connin, a variant of Old French conil, from Latin cunīculus, perhaps from Iberian or Celtiberian. Cognate to English cony, German Kaninchen, Spanish conejo and Portuguese coelho.

a rabbit, a bunny; any non-hare lagomorph of the family Leporidae


pony

nl-noun

pony m (plural pony's, diminutive pony'tje n)

pony's (plural)
pony'tje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: poni


walrus

walrus m (plural walrussen, diminutive walrusje n)

walrussen (plural)
walrusje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: walrus

The origin of this word is not wholly certain, with several theories proposed. Probably borrowed from Danish hvalros or Swedish valross, from an inversion of Old Norse hrosshvalr (“horse-whale”). Equivalent to wal (“whale; large sea-animal”) + ros (“horse”). The Old Norse word may, however, been a folk-etymological modification of Old Norse rossmal, related to Proto-Germanic *rusta-, from the rust colour of the animal. Preference for borrowing the inverted form could have been due to the influence of the already existing Dutch compound walvis (“whale”, literally “whale-fish”).

compound

Odobenus rosmarus
Odobenus rosmarus#Translingual

walrus, any member of the family Odobenidae of which Odobenus rosmarus is the sole extant member


lemming

nl-noun

lemming m (plural lemmingen or lemmings, diminutive lemminkje n)

lemmingen (plural)
lemmings (plural)
lemminkje (diminutive neuter)

From Danish and Norwegian lemming, from Old Norse lómundr, læmingi, læmingr (“lemming”), perhaps from Sami luomek.


mens

mens m (plural mensen, diminutive mensje n)

mensen (plural)
mensje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: mens

Negerhollands: mensch, mens

Skepi Creole Dutch: mens

From Middle Dutch mensche, from Old Dutch mennisko, a substantivised form of the adjective *mennisk (“human, humanlike”), from Proto-West Germanic *mannisk, from Proto-Germanic *manniskaz.

De mens is van nature een politiek dier.

Ik ben ook maar een mens!

human, any member of the species Homo sapiens


paard

paard n (plural paarden, diminutive paardje n)

paarden (plural)
paardje (diminutive neuter)

desctree

Afrikaans: perd
→ Phuthi: ipere
→ Sotho: pere

Jersey Dutch: pêrt, pêrd

→ English: prad

From Middle Dutch pert, pāert, from Old Dutch *pered, *perid, from Proto-West Germanic *parafred, from Late Latin paraverēdus. Compare German Pferd. Doublet of palefroot.

Equus caballus
Equus caballus#Translingual


kater

nl-noun

kater m (plural katers, diminutive katertje n, feminine kat or kattin or vrouwtjeskat or poes)

katers (plural)
katertje (diminutive neuter)
kat (feminine)
kattin (feminine)
vrouwtjeskat (feminine)
poes (feminine)

From Middle Dutch cāter, from Old Dutch *kataro, from Proto-West Germanic *kataʀō.


katachtige

felid, feline; any member of the family Felidae


salamander

salamander m (plural salamanders, diminutive salamandertje n)

salamanders (plural)
salamandertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: salamander

→ Malay: salamander

Indonesian: salamander

→ West Frisian: salamander

From Middle Dutch salamander, from Latin salamandra, from Ancient Greek σαλαμάνδρα (salamándra).

salamander, amphibian of the order Caudata


Vlaamse gaai

Vlaamse gaai m (plural Vlaamse gaaien, diminutive Vlaams gaaitje n)

Vlaamse gaaien (plural)
Vlaams gaaitje (diminutive neuter)

Garrulus glandarius
Garrulus glandarius#Translingual


rog

rog m (plural roggen, diminutive rogje n or roggetje n)

roggen (plural)
rogje (diminutive neuter)
roggetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: rog (dated)

From Middle Dutch rochge, rogge, possibly ultimately from Proto-Germanic *rūhwaz (“rough”), referring to the fish's texture. Cognate with Middle Low German roche, ruche, Old English reohhe, ruhha, German Rochen.

skate (flat-bodied fish of the family Rajidae)


sardine

sardine f (plural sardines, diminutive sardinetje n)

sardines (plural)
sardinetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: sardyn, sardien

→ Caribbean Javanese: dhèntyis

desc

→ Papiamentu: saldinchi, sardinchi, sardin (Aruba)

Inherited from Middle Dutch sardeyne, sardayne, sardine, from Latin sardīna.


vogel

nl-noun

vogel m (plural vogels or vogelen, diminutive vogeltje n or vogelijn n)

vogels (plural)
vogelen (plural)
vogeltje (diminutive neuter)
vogelijn (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: voël
→ English: voël

Jersey Dutch: fœüxel

Negerhollands: vogel

Skepi Creole Dutch: fogul

→? Sranan Tongo: fowru, vol, vool

→ Saramaccan: fóu

From Middle Dutch vōgel, from Old Dutch fogal, vogal, from Proto-West Germanic *fugl, from Proto-Germanic *fuglaz. Cognate with German Vogel, English fowl, Icelandic fugl.

De tuin zit vol met verschillende soorten vogels, zoals merels, mussen en roodborstjes.

The garden is full of different types of birds, such as blackbirds, sparrows, and robins.

Het geluid van fluitende vogels vulde de lucht in de vroege ochtend.

The sound of chirping birds filled the air in the early morning.


wurm

wurm m (plural wurmen, diminutive wurmpje n)

wurmen (plural)
wurmpje (diminutive neuter)


python

Borrowed from Latin Pythōn, from Ancient Greek Πύθων (Púthōn).

python, constrictor of the family Pythonidae


geit

geit f (plural geiten, diminutive geitje n)

geiten (plural)
geitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: geit

From Middle Dutch geit, from Old Dutch *geit, from Proto-West Germanic *gait, from Proto-Germanic *gaits, from a substrate language.

Capra aegagrus
Capra aegagrus#Translingual

Capra aegagrus hircus
Capra aegagrus hircus#Translingual

goat (Capra aegagrus) or the domesticated goat (Capra aegagrus hircus)

any female of the genus Capra or of the above (sub)species


opossum

opossum m (plural opossums, diminutive opossumpje n)

opossums (plural)
opossumpje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English opossum, from Powhatan aposoum (“white animal”), from Proto-Algonquian *wa·p-aʔθemwa (“white dog”).

der

opossum, marsupial of the family Didelphidae


ara

nl-noun

ara m (plural ara's, diminutive araatje n)

ara's (plural)
araatje (diminutive neuter)


dinosaurus

dinosaurus m (plural dinosaurussen, diminutive dinosaurusje n)

dinosaurussen (plural)
dinosaurusje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from New Latin dinosaurus, from English dinosaur.

Dit dijbeen is daarom merkwaardig, omdat 't het bestaan eener derde soort „Dinosaurus” in de formatie bij Maastricht doet vermoeden.

1885 June 27, “Nieuwstijdingen”, in Venloosch Weekblad, volume 23, number 26, page 1:

This femur is therefore remarkable, because it gives cause to suspect the existence of a third species of dinosaur in the formation near Maastricht.

Nabij Wyoming in de Vereenigde Staten heeft men het grootste voorwereldlijke dier ontdekt, dat bekend is, namelijk den brontosaurus, een kruipend dier, behoorende tot de orde der dinosaurussen.

1899 February 21, “Het grootste dier der wereld”, in Rotterdamsch Nieuwsblad, vol. 21, no. 6422, part 2, page 1:

Near Wyoming^([sic]) in the United States the largest prehistoric animal that is known has been discovered, that is the brontosaur, a reptile, belonging to the order of the dinosaurs.

dinosaur, archosaur of the super-order Dinosauria


nerts

nerts m (plural nertsen, diminutive nertsje n)

nertsen (plural)
nertsje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from German Nerz, from Upper Sorbian nórc (“mink”).

Mustela lutreola
Mustela lutreola#Translingual


specht

specht m (plural spechten, diminutive spechtje n)

spechten (plural)
spechtje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch specht, from Old Dutch *speht, from Proto-West Germanic *spiht, from Proto-Germanic *spihtaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)peyk-.


schol

schol m (plural schollen, diminutive scholletje n)

schollen (plural)
scholletje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch scholle, scolle, sculle. Related to Dutch schil and schel. Cognate with German Scholle (“floe”).

Pleuronectes platessa
Pleuronectes platessa#Translingual

European plaice (Pleuronectes platessa, a species of flatfish)


sprot

sprot m (plural sprotten, diminutive sprotje n)

sprotten (plural)
sprotje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: sprat

Uncertain. Possibly from the root of spruit (“sprout, shoot”).

Sprattus sprattus
Sprattus sprattus#Translingual

sprat (Sprattus sprattus), a small, herring-like fish


olifant

olifant m (plural olifanten, diminutive olifantje n)

olifanten (plural)
olifantje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: olifant

→ Papiamentu: olefante, olifant

From Middle Dutch olifant, from Old French olifant, from Latin elephantus, from Ancient Greek ἐλέφᾱς (eléphās).


kakapo

kakapo m (plural kakapo's, diminutive kakapootje n)

kakapo's (plural)
kakapootje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English kakapo, from Maori kākāpō.

Strigops habroptila
Strigops habroptila#Translingual


poes

poes f (plural poezen, diminutive poesje n)

poezen (plural)
poesje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: poes
→ English: poes

Berbice Creole Dutch: pusi, pusiki

→ Ambonese Malay: pus

→ Cayuga: dagu:s (possibly via Mohawk)

→ Indonesian: pus

→ Loup A: puspus

→ Mahican: póschees, poschesch

→ Mohawk: takús

→ Mohegan-Pequot: bopoose

→ Munsee: póoshiish

→ Papiamentu: pushi, poesji (from the diminutive)

→ Sranan Tongo: puspusi

→ Lokono: pusu

→ Kari'na: pusipusi

→ Unami: pushis

Ultimately from a common Germanic word for cat, perhaps ultimately imitative of a sound made to get its attention (compare Arabic بسة). More at puss.

onomatopoeic

imitative


koe

nl-noun

koe f (plural koeien, diminutive koetje n)

koeien (plural)
koetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: koei

Berbice Creole Dutch: kui

Jersey Dutch: kû, kûche, kûtše, kûtśe

Negerhollands: koei, kui, kuj

Skepi Creole Dutch: kui

→ Loup A: kui (derived from a colloquial form)

→ Mahican: kójak

→ Munsee: kóowuy, kooy

From Middle Dutch coe, from Old Dutch cuo, from Proto-West Germanic *kō (“cow”), from Proto-Germanic *kōz (“cow”).

cow; a female of certain mammals, in particular bovines


mannetje

Negerhollands: manje

Het mannetje bouwt een nest.

the male of a species of animal or plant


ezel

ezel m (plural ezels, diminutive ezeltje n, feminine ezelin)

ezels (plural)
ezeltje (diminutive neuter)
ezelin (feminine)

desctree

Afrikaans: esel
→ Sotho: esele
→ Xhosa: i-esile

→ English: easel

Negerhollands: esel

From Middle Dutch ēsel, from Old Dutch esil, from Proto-West Germanic *asil, from Late Latin asellus.

een ezel stoot zich geen tweemaal aan dezelfde steen

Een ezel balkt: “i-aa, i-aa”.
A donkey brays: “hee-haw, hee-haw”.

donkey, ass (Equus asinus or Equus asinus asinus)


piel

nl-noun

piel m (plural pielen, diminutive pieltje n)

pielen (plural)
pieltje (diminutive neuter)


piel

piel m (plural pielen, diminutive pieltje n or pieletje n)

pielen (plural)
pieltje (diminutive neuter)
pieletje (diminutive neuter)


orka

orka m (plural orka's, diminutive orkaatje n)

orka's (plural)
orkaatje (diminutive neuter)


aalscholver

aalscholver m (plural aalscholvers, diminutive aalscholvertje n)

aalscholvers (plural)
aalscholvertje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of aal (“eel”) + scholver (“cormorant”).


neushoorn

neushoorn m (plural neushoorns, diminutive neushoorntje n)

neushoorns (plural)
neushoorntje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: neushoring

From neus (“nose”) + hoorn (“horn”), a calque of Ancient Greek ῥινόκερως (rhinókerōs).

calque

rhinoceros, mammal of the family Rhinocerotidae


giraf

nl-noun

giraf f (plural giraffen, diminutive girafje n)

giraffen (plural)
girafje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: zjiraf

From German Giraffe, from Middle High German geraff, seraffe, schraffe, from Italian giraffa, from Arabic زَرَافَة (zarāfa).


leeuw

leeuw n (plural leeuwen, diminutive leeuwtje n)

leeuwen (plural)
leeuwtje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch leeuwe, from Old Dutch leo.

(obsolete, in toponyms only) burial mound


varken

varken n (plural varkens, diminutive varkentje n, feminine zeug, masculine beer)

varkens (plural)
varkentje (diminutive neuter)
zeug (feminine)
beer (masculine)

Afrikaans: vark

Jersey Dutch: vārk

desc

Negerhollands: varki, fergi, farki, ferkikin, verken

Skepi Creole Dutch: fark

From Middle Dutch varken, verken, from Old Dutch farkīn, ferkīn, an old diminutive, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *farhaz (Proto-West Germanic *farh) + Proto-Germanic *-ukaz (Proto-Germanic *-ukīn, with another diminutive suffix attached). Compare Central Franconian Ferke, Low German Farken.


haan

nl-noun

haan m (plural hanen, diminutive haantje n)

hanen (plural)
haantje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: haan

Berbice Creole Dutch: han

Jersey Dutch: hân

Negerhollands: haan

Petjo: chaan

From Middle Dutch hane, from Old Dutch *hano. Compare German Hahn, Danish hane.


hert

hert n (plural herten, diminutive hertje n)

herten (plural)
hertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hert

From Middle Dutch hert, from Old Dutch hirot, from Proto-West Germanic *herut, from Proto-Germanic *herutaz, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂-.

1773, Genootschap Laus Deo, Salus Populo, "Psalm 42" (modernised spelling).
't Hijgend hert der jacht ontkomen, schreeuwt niet sterker naar 't genot, van de frisse waterstromen, dan mijn ziel verlangt naar God.

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

a deer, a ruminant of the family Cervidae; sometimes used of members of the families Moschidae and Tragulidae in non-scientific use (see derived terms)


kraan

kraan m (plural kranen, diminutive kraantje n)

kranen (plural)
kraantje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: kren

From Middle Dutch crāne, from Old Dutch *crano, from Proto-West Germanic *kranō, from Proto-Germanic *kranô. The senses “tap” and “crane” as a machine are both based on resemblance with the bird's neck.

(obsolete) Synonym of kraanvogel (“crane (bird)”)


serval

Leptailurus serval
Leptailurus serval#Translingual


haai

haai m (plural haaien, diminutive haaitje n)

haaien (plural)
haaitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: haai

→ German: Hai

→ West Frisian: haai

From Middle Dutch haeye, from Old Norse hár (“shark”), with the /j/ appearing influenced by the declined forms /hajə(n)/. Probably from Proto-Germanic *hanh-u-, related to *hakô (“hook”), referring to the shark's back fin. Cognate with Swedish haj, and German Hai.

a shark, fish of the superorder Selachimorpha (sometimes also including certain extinct shark-like members of the Elasmobranchii outside this superorder)


muis

muis m or f (plural muizen, diminutive muisje n)

muizen (plural)
muisje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: muis

Jersey Dutch: mäus

Negerhollands: mischi, miśi, muśi

→ Caribbean Hindustani: mus

→ Sranan Tongo: moismoisi

From Middle Dutch muus, from Old Dutch *mūs, from Proto-West Germanic *mūs.
The computing sense is a semantic loan from English mouse.

als de kat van huis is, dansen de muizen op tafel

De muis van mijn computer werkt niet goed.

The mouse of my computer isn't working well.

Koop je een draadloze muis of een met draad?

Are you buying a wireless mouse or a wired one?

Ik gebruik liever een muis dan een touchpad.

(computing) mouse (an input device to operate a computer by steering a cursor and clicking)


snor

snor m (plural snorren, diminutive snorretje n)

snorren (plural)
snorretje (diminutive neuter)

Locustella luscinioides
Locustella luscinioides#Translingual

Savi's warbler (Locustella luscinioides)


zalm

zalm m (plural zalmen, diminutive zalmpje n)

zalmen (plural)
zalmpje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: salm

→? West Frisian: salm

→ Caribbean Javanese: salem

From Middle Dutch salm, salme, from Old Dutch *salmo, from Latin salmō (“salmon”), of uncertain origin. Related to Old Saxon salmo (> Middle Low German salme (“salmon”)), Old High German salmo (> German Salm (“salmon”)) from the same Latin source.


muskusrat

muskusrat f (plural muskusratten, diminutive muskusratje n)

muskusratten (plural)
muskusratje (diminutive neuter)

Ondatra zibethicus
Ondatra zibethicus#Translingual


egel

egel m (plural egels, diminutive egeltje n)

egels (plural)
egeltje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch eghel, from Old Dutch *igil, from Proto-West Germanic *igil, from Proto-Germanic *igilaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰis (“hedgehog”). Compare German Igel. Echel (“leech”) is commonly thought to be related to this term.


duif

duif f (plural duiven, diminutive duifje n, masculine doffer or duiver)

duiven (plural)
duifje (diminutive neuter)
doffer (masculine)
duiver (masculine)

Afrikaans: duif

Negerhollands: dufje, difi, diffie

→ Sranan Tongo: doifi

From Middle Dutch duve, from Old Dutch dūva, from Proto-West Germanic *dūbā, from Proto-Germanic *dūbǭ.

a pigeon, dove, bird of the family Columbidae


kemphaan

kemphaan m (plural kemphanen, diminutive kemphaantje n)

kemphanen (plural)
kemphaantje (diminutive neuter)

→ Sranan Tongo: kepanki

Philomachus pugnax
Philomachus pugnax#Translingual

ruff (Calidris pugnax syn. Philomachus pugnax)


snip

snip f (plural snippen, diminutive snipje n)

snippen (plural)
snipje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: snip

→ Papiamentu: snepi, snèpi

→ Sranan Tongo: snepi

From Middle Dutch snippe, ultimately from the root of snavel (“beak”).

a snipe or woodcock, thin-beaked bird of the genera Gallinago, Scolopax, Lymnocryptes, Limnodromus and Coenocorypha


topper

topper m (plural toppers, diminutive toppertje n)

toppers (plural)
toppertje (diminutive neuter)

From top + -er.
The bird name is generally taken to derive from the noun top ("top"), not the adjective top ("great, amazing"). Some have instead adduced the dialectal word dobber (referring to both the greater scaup and the tufted duck), which was apparently current in Zeeuws-Vlaanderen at some point, with devoicing of both d- (to t-) and -bb- (to -pp-) yielding this form.

Aythya marila
Aythya marila#Translingual


mol

mol m (plural mollen, diminutive molletje n)

mollen (plural)
molletje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch mol, from Old Dutch mol, mul, from Proto-West Germanic *mol, from Proto-Germanic *mulaz.

a mole, any insectivore of the family Talpidae


mol

→ Indonesian: mol

(chemistry) a mole (unit of chemical quantity)


gems

gems f (plural gemzen, diminutive gemsje n)

gemzen (plural)
gemsje (diminutive neuter)

→ West Frisian: gems

Rupicapra rupicapra
Rupicapra rupicapra#Translingual

chamois (mountain goat, Rupicapra rupicapra)


boomslang

boomslang f or m (plural boomslangen, diminutive boomslangetje n)

boomslangen (plural)
boomslangetje (diminutive neuter)

desctree

Afrikaans: boomslang
→ English: boomslang

Compound of boom + slang. Attested from the mid-18th century.

Dispholidus typus
Dispholidus typus#Translingual


dikkop

nl-noun

dikkop m (plural dikkoppen, diminutive dikkopje n)

dikkoppen (plural)
dikkopje (diminutive neuter)

(sports) runner doped up on human growth hormone


burgemeester

burgemeester m (plural burgemeesters, feminine burgemeesteres)

burgemeesters (plural)
burgemeesteres (feminine)

Afrikaans: burgemeester

→ English: burgomaster

→ French: bourgmestre

From Middle Dutch borchmeester, borgermeester. Corresponding to either a compound of burg (“burgh, town”) or burger (“citizen”) + meester (“master”).

kleine burgemeester
kleine burgemeester#Dutch

Synonym of kleine burgemeester (“Larus glaucoides”)

grote burgemeester
grote burgemeester#Dutch

Synonym of grote burgemeester (“Larus hyperboreus”)


valk

valk f or m (plural valken, diminutive valkje n)

valken (plural)
valkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: valk

From Middle Dutch valke, from Old Dutch *falco, from Proto-West Germanic *falkō, from Proto-Germanic *falkô.

a falcon, bird of the family Falconidae, in particular of the genus Falco


kabeljauw

kabeljauw m (plural kabeljauwen, diminutive kabeljauwtje n)

kabeljauwen (plural)
kabeljauwtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kabeljou
→ English: kabeljou

From Middle Dutch cabelliau, from Old Dutch *cabillao, possibly from Latin baculum (“stick, staff”), referring to the way cod were split and dried on wooden sticks. Or, with metathesis from/influenced by Basque bakailao (“cod”), Portuguese bacalhau (“cod”).


uil

uil m or f (plural uilen, diminutive uiltje n)

uilen (plural)
uiltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: uil

→ Caribbean Hindustani: ullu

From Middle Dutch ule, from Old Dutch *ūwila, *ūwala, *ūla, from Proto-Germanic *uwwalǭ, diminutive of *uwwǭ (“eagle-owl”), of imitative origin or a variant of *ūfaz, *ūfǭ.

onomatopoeic

imitative

's Avonds zitten er uilen in de boom bij de buren.

In the evening there are owls in the neighbours' tree.

Veel uilen hebben typerende uilvlekken.

Many owlet moths have characteristic wing marks.


arend

nl-noun

arend m (plural arenden, diminutive arendje n)

arenden (plural)
arendje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: arend

Negerhollands: arend

From Middle Dutch aernt, from earlier aren, from Old Dutch *aro, from Proto-West Germanic *arō, from Proto-Germanic *arô.

eagle, large bird of prey of the family Accipitridae


merel

merel m (plural merels, diminutive mereltje n)

merels (plural)
mereltje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch merle, meerle, from Old Dutch *merla, from Latin merula. Compare Luxembourgish Märel, regional German Merle.

Turdus merula
Turdus merula#Translingual


ooievaar

ooievaar m (plural ooievaars or ooievaren, diminutive ooievaartje n)

ooievaars (plural)
ooievaren (plural)
ooievaartje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ooievaar

From Middle Dutch odevare. Related to Low German adebar, West Frisian earrebarre, all possibly from Proto-Germanic *ōdaborǭ or *ōdaborą.

Ciconia ciconia
Ciconia ciconia#Translingual

(particularly) white stork (Ciconia ciconia)


wesp

wesp f (plural wespen, diminutive wespje n)

wespen (plural)
wespje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: wesp

From earlier Modern Dutch wespe, from Middle Dutch wespe, from Old Dutch *wespa, with metathesis from Proto-West Germanic *wapsu, from Proto-Germanic *wepsō-, from Proto-Indo-European *wobʰseh₂ (“wasp”), from *webʰ- (“weave”).
Cognate with German Wespe, Low German Wösp, English wasp.

wasp, used certain members of the order Hymenoptera, especially of the superfamily Vespoidea


spinnen

spinnen (infinitive)
spinnen (gerund neuter)
spin (first-person present singular)
spinde (first-person past singular)
spint (present second-person singular)
spin (present second-person singular)
spinde (past second-person singular)
spint (formal present second-person singular)
spinde (formal past second-person singular)
spint (Flanders colloquial present second-person singular)
spint (archaic formal majestic present second-person singular)
spinde (Flanders colloquial past second-person singular)
spinde (archaic formal majestic past second-person singular)
spint (present singular third-person)
spinde (past singular third-person)
spinnen (plural present)
spinden (past plural)
spinne (archaic present singular subjunctive)
spinde (archaic past singular subjunctive)
spinnen (archaic plural present subjunctive)
spinden (archaic past plural subjunctive)
spin (imperative present singular)
spint (archaic imperative plural present)
spinnend (participle present)
gespind (participle past)

From Middle Dutch spinnen, from Old Dutch *spinnan, from Proto-West Germanic *spinnan, from Proto-Germanic *spinnaną.


paling

paling m (plural palingen, diminutive palinkje n)

palingen (plural)
palinkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: paling

Berbice Creole Dutch: palinggi

Negerhollands: paliṅ

→ Papiamentu: paling (dated)

From Middle Dutch palinc, padelinc, paeldinc, from Old Dutch paelding, paleding, palezinc. The original form seems to be *palathing (attested in the placename Palathingadīc) or, as some sources prefer, *pathaling. This has no cognates outside Dutch and probably goes back to a substrate language. As the oldest attestation is (latinised) palengus, one could alternatively see the -th- as excrescent and thus derived the word from Proto-West Germanic *pāl (“pole”) after the fish's shape. While this is less likely, the distinction sometimes made between aal (“juvenile eel”) and paling (“large, adult eel”) may indeed have been influenced by association with paal.


kaka

kaka m (plural kaka's, diminutive kakaatje n)

kaka's (plural)
kakaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English kaka, from Maori kākā.

Nestor meridionalis
Nestor meridionalis#Translingual


cavia

cavia f (plural cavia's, diminutive caviaatje n)

cavia's (plural)
caviaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Portuguese cávia or New Latin cavia.

Cavia porcellus
Cavia porcellus#Translingual


poema

poema m (plural poema's, diminutive poemaatje n)

poema's (plural)
poemaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Spanish puma, from Quechua puma.


treksprinkhaan

treksprinkhaan m (plural treksprinkhanen, diminutive treksprinkhaantje n)

treksprinkhanen (plural)
treksprinkhaantje (diminutive neuter)

From trekken (“to migrate”) + sprinkhaan (“grasshopper”).


haring

nl-noun

haring m (plural haringen, diminutive harinkje n)

haringen (plural)
harinkje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: haring

Negerhollands: heriṅ

→ Caribbean Hindustani: eleng

→ Papiamentu: hering

From Middle Dutch hârinc, from Old Dutch *hārinc, from Proto-West Germanic *hāring.

Clupea harengus
Clupea harengus#Translingual


tiran

tiran m (plural tirannen, diminutive tirannetje n)

tirannen (plural)
tirannetje (diminutive neuter)

(NL)

From Latin tyrannus (“monarch, ruler; tyrant”), itself from Ancient Greek τύραννος (túrannos, “tyrant”). The sense "tyrant flycatcher" corresponds to the taxonomic family name, translingual Tyrannidae; more at tyrant flycatcher.

der

a tyrant flycatcher, any bird of the family Tyrannidae


leeuwin

nl-noun

leeuwin f (plural leeuwinnen, diminutive leeuwinnetje n, masculine leeuw)

leeuwinnen (plural)
leeuwinnetje (diminutive neuter)
leeuw (masculine)

Afrikaans: leeuin

From Middle Dutch leeuwinne. Equivalent to leeuw + -in.


ridder

ridder m (plural ridders, diminutive riddertje n)

ridders (plural)
riddertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ridder

From Middle Dutch riddere, a variant form of ridere, from Old Dutch *rīdere, from rīdan + -ere (equivalent to modern rijder).

(obsolete) one of certain butterflies of the family Papilionidae

(obsolete, particularly) Synonym of koninginnenpage (“swallowtail”) (Papilio machaon)


krab

krab f or m (plural krabben, diminutive krabbetje n)

krabben (plural)
krabbetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: krap

Berbice Creole Dutch: krabu

desc

Negerhollands: krabe, krabischi, krabu, crabbo, krabbo

→ Virgin Islands Creole: krabu (dated)

Skepi Creole Dutch: krabu

→ Sranan Tongo: krabu

→ Caribbean Hindustani: krabu

→ Caribbean Javanese: krabu

→ Saramaccan: kaábu

From Middle Dutch crabbe, from Old Dutch *krabba.

(zoology) crab, crustacean of the infraorder Brachyura


schildpad

nl-noun

schildpad f (plural schildpadden, diminutive schildpadje n)

schildpadden (plural)
schildpadje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: skilpad

Berbice Creole Dutch: skelpata

Jersey Dutch: scheliput

Negerhollands: skildpat

→ Aukan: sekeepatu

→ Sranan Tongo: sekrepatu

→ West Frisian: skyldpod (calque)

From Middle Dutch schiltpadde, compare the slightly older Middle Low German schildepadde. Equivalent to schild (“shield”) + pad (“toad”).

Because of its cheapness I wanted to ask him to give me only that feed without any turtle then, but he interrupted me: […]

1960, Leo Vroman, "Schildpadden in New York", "Proza", Querido (5th ed., 2013). Ik wilde voor de goedkoopte al vragen om me dan maar alleen dat voedsel te geven zonder schildpad, maar hij viel me in de rede: […]

2006, Nettie Dees, Anders dan je denkt, Callenbach (publ.), page 92.
Ze pakte een schildpadje op.

She picked up one of the small tortoises.

2013, Charles Martin, Over bergen heen, tr. by Roelof Posthuma, original title The mountain between us, Kok-Kampen.
Het duurde niet lang of het hele strand wemelde van de schildpadjes.

It didn't take for the entire beach to be swarmed by little turtles.

tortoise, turtle; reptile of the order Testudines


reptiel

reptiel n (plural reptielen, diminutive reptieltje n)

reptielen (plural)
reptieltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: reptiel

→ Indonesian: reptil

→ Papiamentu: rèptil

Borrowed from French reptile, from Middle French reptile, from Old French reptile, from Late Latin rēptile, neuter of reptilis (“creeping”), from Latin rēpō (“to creep”), from Proto-Indo-European *rep- (“to creep, slink”) (Pokorny; Watkins, 1969).

der

reptile, any member of the class Reptilia


aardvarken

nl-noun

aardvarken n (plural aardvarkens, diminutive aardvarkentje n)

aardvarkens (plural)
aardvarkentje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: aardvark
→ English: aardvark

→ German: Erdferkel (calque)

From aarde + varken. Originally South African Dutch.

Die Erd-Schweine aber, oder wie sie von den Holländern genennet werden d’ Aardvarckens, sehen den Europäischen Schweinen an den Borsten gleich [...].

1719, Peter Kolbe, Caput bonae spei hodiernum. Das ist: Vollständige Beschreibung des africanischen Vorgebürges der Guten Hofnung, Nuremberg, overall text in German citing the Dutch word, page 165:

The earth pigs, however, or as the Dutch call them: the aardvarckens, look the same as the European pigs in terms of their bristles ….

Orycteropus afer
Orycteropus afer#Translingual


walvis

walvis m (plural walvissen, diminutive walvisje n)

walvissen (plural)
walvisje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: walvis

Negerhollands: walvisch, walvis

→ Thai: วาฬ (waan)

From Middle Dutch walvisch, from Old Dutch walvisk, from *wal (“whale”), presumably to clarify the meaning. Equivalent to wal (“whale”) + vis (“fish”). Old Dutch *wal is from Proto-West Germanic *hwal, from Proto-Germanic *hwalaz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (“sheatfish”). See also waldier, walrus, grindewal.
Cognate with West Frisian walfisk, German Walfisch. The simple form is cognate with German Wal, English whale, Danish hval, Swedish val.


alk

alk f (plural alken, diminutive alkje n)

alken (plural)
alkje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Swedish alka, another Scandinavian language or translingual Alca.


kluut

kluut m (plural kluten, diminutive kluutje n)

kluten (plural)
kluutje (diminutive neuter)

Onomatopoeic, after its call. Forms with -ui- arose through regular sound change, but have been superseded by the older form with -uu-, which is truer to the bird's actual call.

Recurvirostra avosetta
Recurvirostra avosetta#Translingual


kanarie

kanarie m (plural kanaries, diminutive kanarietje n)

kanaries (plural)
kanarietje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: kanari

→ Sranan Tongo: kanari

→ Kari'na: kanari

Borrowed from French canari, from Spanish canario.

Serinus canaria
Serinus canaria#Translingual

(particularly) Atlantic canary, common canary (Serinus canaria)


miereneter

miereneter m (plural miereneters, diminutive mierenetertje n)

miereneters (plural)
mierenetertje (diminutive neuter)


antilope

antilope f (plural antilopen or antilopes, diminutive antiloopje n)

antilopen (plural)
antilopes (plural)
antiloopje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from French antilope, from Middle French [Term?], from Old French [Term?], from Medieval Latin antilops, from Byzantine Greek ἀνθόλοψ (anthólops).


vleermuis

vleermuis f (plural vleermuizen, diminutive vleermuisje n)

vleermuizen (plural)
vleermuisje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: vlêrmuis

Berbice Creole Dutch: flermisi

Jersey Dutch: vlîremäus

Negerhollands: flåėrmoes

→ Aukan: feemusu

From Middle Dutch vlēdermuus, from vlēder (“wing”) + muus (“mouse”).


buffel

buffel m (plural buffels, diminutive buffeltje n)

buffels (plural)
buffeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: buffel

→ Sranan Tongo: bofru

→ Lokono: boforo

From Middle Dutch buffel, from Old French buffle, from Italian bufalo (archaic buffalo), from Latin bubalus, from Ancient Greek βούβαλος (boúbalos).

Syncerus caffer
Syncerus caffer#Translingual

a buffalo, one of some mammals of the subfamily Bovinae, especially of the genus Bubalus or species Syncerus caffer


kameel

kameel m (plural kamelen, diminutive kameeltje n)

kamelen (plural)
kameeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kameel

→ English: camel (South Africa)

Negerhollands: kameel

→ Papiamentu: kamel, kameel

From Middle Dutch camêel, from Latin camēlus, from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos), from a Semitic language. The form kemel (with stress on the initial syllable), the earliest attested form of the word in Middle Dutch which survived into early Modern Dutch, presumably represents an earlier borrowing from Latin or Greek, with i-umlaut, as if from Proto-West Germanic *kamīl.

Een kameel kan lange afstanden afleggen zonder water.

A camel can travel long distances without water.

De kameel draagt zware lasten door de woestijn.

The camel carries heavy loads across the desert.

Ze reed op een kameel tijdens haar vakantie in Egypte.

She rode a camel during her vacation in Egypt.

Camelus bactrianus
Camelus bactrianus#Translingual

camel (Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus); animal of the genus Camelus)


jachtluipaard

jachtluipaard m or n (plural jachtluipaarden, diminutive jachtluipaardje n)

jachtluipaarden (plural)
jachtluipaardje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: jagluiperd

Acinonyx jubatus
Acinonyx jubatus#Translingual


dolfijn

dolfijn m (plural dolfijnen, diminutive dolfijntje n)

dolfijnen (plural)
dolfijntje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: dolfyn

→ Papiamentu: dòlfèin

→ West Frisian: dolfyn

From Middle Dutch delfijn, from Latin delphīnus, from Ancient Greek δελφίς (delphís). Cognate with English dolphin.

Dolfijnen waren heilige dieren voor de oude Grieken, die de dolfijn associëerden met de zonnegod Apollo.

Dolphins were sacred animals to the ancient Greeks, who associated the dolphin with the sun-god Apollo.

dolphin, sea mammal of the family Delphinidae


dromedaris

dromedaris m (plural dromedarissen, diminutive dromedarisje n)

dromedarissen (plural)
dromedarisje (diminutive neuter)

From Old French dromedaire, from Late Latin dromedarius (“kind of camel”), from Classical Latin dromas, dromadis, from Ancient Greek δρομὰς κάμηλος (dromàs kámēlos, “running camel”), from δρόμος (drómos, “race course”).

der

δρομὰς κάμηλος


gnoe

nl-noun

gnoe m (plural gnoes, diminutive gnoetje n)

gnoes (plural)
gnoetje (diminutive neuter)


nijlpaard

nijlpaard n (plural nijlpaarden, diminutive nijlpaardje n)

nijlpaarden (plural)
nijlpaardje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: kuda nil (calque)

From Nijl (“Nile”) + paard (“horse”), a loose calque of Latin hippopotamus, from Ancient Greek ἱπποπόταμος (hippopótamos). The same in German Nilpferd.

der

‘Hemeltjelief,’ zegt juf Lieke. ‘Een nijlpaard op jullie dak? Wat een afschuwelijke gebeurtenis lijkt me dat. En vertel eens, is er iemand geblesseerd geraakt, of zo plat als een dubbeltje?’

2016, Anke Kranendonk, Een nijlpaard voor de juf, Zwijsen Uitgeverij, →ISBN:

"Heavens to Betsy," says Ms Lieke (teacher). "A hippo on your (pl.) roof? That sounds like a horrible thing to happen to you. Tell me, did somebody get injured or get as flat as a pancake?"

Hippopotamus amphibius
Hippopotamus amphibius#Translingual

common hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius)


kangoeroe

nl-noun

kangoeroe m (plural kangoeroes, diminutive kangoeroetje n)

kangoeroes (plural)
kangoeroetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: kanguru

Borrowed from English kangaroo; ultimately from Guugu Yimidhirr gangurru (“eastern grey kangaroo”).

der

a kangaroo, marsupial of the family Macropodidae


luipaard

nl-noun

luipaard m or n (plural luipaarden, diminutive luipaardje n)

luipaarden (plural)
luipaardje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: luiperd

From Middle Dutch lupaert, leupart, liepart, from Old Dutch *liupard, from Old French leopard, from Late Latin leopardus, from Ancient Greek λεόπαρδος (leópardos).

Panthera pardus
Panthera pardus#Translingual


mammoet

mammoet m (plural mammoeten or mammoets, diminutive mammoetje n)

mammoeten (plural)
mammoets (plural)
mammoetje (diminutive neuter)

From obsolete Russian мамант (mamant) (modern мамонт (mamont)), probably from a Uralic language.


zeekoe

zeekoe f (plural zeekoeien, diminutive zeekoetje n)

zeekoeien (plural)
zeekoetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: seekoei

→ Aukan: seku

From Middle Dutch seecoe, equivalent to zee (“sea”) + koe (“cow”); compare English sea cow.

1652 April 24, Jan van Riebeeck, Daghregister, 46v.-47, in D.B. Bosman & H.B. Thom (eds.), A.A. Balkema (publ., 1952 ed.), page 31.
Desen verleden nacht had 't volck aen lant een groote zeekoe gevangen, wel soo swaer als 2 gemene vette ossen, hebbende een seer affgrijsselijck, monstreus hooft ende verscheijde scherpe, uijtsteeckende tanden, waervan de langhste ⅝ el langh waren, met een corten halss ende laeghe beenen, de voeten bijnae van fatsoen als renocerosvoeten, edoch gekliefft in vier partijen; was seer fel ende wreet, ende hadden genoech te doen om te bedwinghen, onaengesien met eenighe cogels achter de ooren door 't hooft getrefft was, wesende de huijt wel 1 duijm dick ende soo hard dat op sommige plaetsen geen musquetscogel door coste geschoten worden; des hem recht voor in 't hooft lieten doot schieten, ende 't volck eeten, alsoo van goeden smaecke was, lopende de melck uijt de uijren.

This past night the people ashore had caught a large hippo, as heavy as 2 common fat oxen, no less, having a very gruesome, monstrous head and several sharp teeth sticking out, of which the longest were 44 cm long, with a short neck and low legs, the feet almost of the shape of rhinoceros feet, though cloven into four parts; [it] was very fierce and cruel, and [they/we] were more than preoccupied to subdue it, although [it] had been hit in the head behind the ears with a few bullets, the hide being no less than 1 inch thick and so hard that in some place no musket bullet could be shot through [it]; therefore [we] let [someone] kill it with a shot straight in the front of the head, and let the people eat, because [it] was of a good taste, the milk running from the udders.

(South Africa, archaic) common hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius) (now exclusively used when rendering Afrikaans seekoei)


stokstaartje

Compound of stok (“stick”) + staartje (“little tail”).

com+

De nieuwsgierige stokstaartjes moeten even wennen aan de gekleurde eieren, maar lieten het zich toch goed smaken.

2016 March 25, “Paasontbijt voor stokstaartjes in DierenPark”, in AD:

The curious meerkats had to get used to the coloured eggs for a moment, but enjoyed the taste of them nevertheless.

Suricata suricatta
Suricata suricatta#Translingual


moeflon

nl-noun

moeflon m (plural moeflons, diminutive moeflonnetje n)

moeflons (plural)
moeflonnetje (diminutive neuter)

From French mouflon, from Italian muflone, from Late Latin mufrō (“wild sheep”), related to Latin musimo (“wild sheep”), both probably of pre-Latin origin. From 1765-75.


vogelbekdier

vogelbekdier n (plural vogelbekdieren, diminutive vogelbekdiertje n)

vogelbekdieren (plural)
vogelbekdiertje (diminutive neuter)

/ˈʋoːɣəlˌbɛkˌdiːr/

From vogel (“bird”) + bek (“beak, (animal) mouth”) + dier (“animal”). Similar constructs exist in other Germanic languages, cf. Afrikaans eendbekdier, German Schnabeltier, Swedish näbbdjur.

compound

Australische wetenschappers hebben vermoedelijk een fossiel ontdekt van een reusachtig prehistorisch vogelbekdier.

2013 November 5, “Resten van reusachtig vogelbekdier ontdekt”, in NU.nl:

Australian scientists have presumably discovered a fossil of a gigantic prehistoric platypus.

ornithorhynchid, any member of the family Ornithorhynchidae of platypuses and close relatives


ijsbeer

nl-noun

ijsbeer m (plural ijsberen, diminutive ijsbeertje n)

ijsberen (plural)
ijsbeertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: ysbeer

Ursus maritimus
Ursus maritimus#Translingual


bunzing

bunzing m (plural bunzingen, diminutive bunzinkje n)

bunzingen (plural)
bunzinkje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch bunsinc, bonsinc, also boesinc, businc. Further etymology unknown, not found outside the Ingvaeonic language area. Probably a derivative of the dialectal term boes (“stable”) with the now-unproductive suffix -ing (“originating from, inhabitant of”).

Die boot stinkt als een bunzing.

Mustela putorius
Mustela putorius#Translingual


kikker

kikker m (plural kikkers, diminutive kikkertje n)

kikkers (plural)
kikkertje (diminutive neuter)

An onomatopoeia for the frog's sound. From kikken + -er. Compare West Frisian kikkert (“frog”).

a frog, relatively smooth amphibian of the order Anura

a cleat (device used for fastening), especially a nautical cleat


wasbeer

wasbeer m (plural wasberen, diminutive wasbeertje n)

wasberen (plural)
wasbeertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: wasbeer

From wassen (“to wash”) + beer (“bear”). Probably a calque of German Waschbär, itself a calque of translingual Ursus lotor.

De wasberen leven vooral in de Ardennen.

2008 July 9, “Wasbeer trekt verwoestend spoor door Belgische bossen”, in Het Laatste Nieuws:

The raccoons predominantly live in the Ardennes.

a raccoon, carnivore of the genus Procyon


rendier

rendier n (plural rendieren, diminutive rendiertje n)

rendieren (plural)
rendiertje (diminutive neuter)

From rennen + dier, calque of German Rentier, by folk etymology from older Reentier.


knaagdier

knaagdier n (plural knaagdieren, diminutive knaagdiertje n)

knaagdieren (plural)
knaagdiertje (diminutive neuter)

From knagen (“to gnaw”) + dier (“animal”), perhaps through German Nagetier, eventually after Latin rodens.

rodent, any member of the order Rodentia


spitsmuis

spitsmuis f (plural spitsmuizen, diminutive spitsmuisje n)

spitsmuizen (plural)
spitsmuisje (diminutive neuter)

From spits + muis, calque of German Spitzmaus. First attested around 1600.

shrew, laurasiatherian of the family Soricidae


luiaard

luiaard m (plural luiaards, diminutive luiaardje n)

luiaards (plural)
luiaardje (diminutive neuter)

Berbice Creole Dutch: loiri

→ Aukan: loili

a sloth (mammal of the suborder Folivora)


eekhoorn

eekhoorn m (plural eekhoorns, diminutive eekhoorntje n)

eekhoorns (plural)
eekhoorntje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: eekhoring

Jersey Dutch: än-kôrn, än̈kôrn

→ Papiamentu: eekhoorn

From Middle Dutch ecorn, eencoren, from Old Dutch *ēkorno, from Proto-West Germanic *aikwernō, from Proto-Germanic *aikwernô.

Sciurus vulgaris
Sciurus vulgaris#Translingual

(particularly) red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris)


tijger

tijger m (plural tijgers, diminutive tijgertje n, feminine tijgerin)

tijgers (plural)
tijgertje (diminutive neuter)
tijgerin (feminine)

Afrikaans: tier

Berbice Creole Dutch: tigri

Sranan Tongo: tigri

→ West Frisian: tijger

From Middle Dutch tiger, from Old French tigre, from Latin tigris.

Panthera tigris
Panthera tigris#Translingual


wezel

wezel f (plural wezels, diminutive wezeltje n)

wezels (plural)
wezeltje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: wesel

Jersey Dutch: wêzel

From Middle Dutch wēsel, from Old Dutch *wisula, *wisala, from Proto-West Germanic *wisulā, from Proto-Germanic *wisulǭ.

A weasel; any mustelid of genus Mustela.


kaaiman

kaaiman m (plural kaaimannen or kaaimans, diminutive kaaimannetje n)

kaaimannen (plural)
kaaimans (plural)
kaaimannetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Caribbean Hindustani: káimá

→ Sranan Tongo: kaiman

→ Caribbean Javanese: kaimang

Ga niet baden daar in de kali / en ga niet trouwen daar in Pesapen / Laat je raden, m’n kleine Ali / wanneer ik jou met raad van dienst wil zijn / (...) / Want een kaaiman zit in de kali / en ook een kaaiman zit in Pesapen / ’t Is je schoonma, m′n kleine Ali / die erop loert dat jij getrouwd zal zijn

1978, “Ajoen Ajoen”, in Anton Beuving (lyrics), Harry Bannink (music), Weerzien met Indië, performed by Wieteke van Dort:

Don't go bathing out there in the river / and don't get married out there in Pesapen / Take good counsel, my little Ali / when I wish to be of service to you with advice / (...) / Because there's a caiman in the river/ and there's also a caiman in Pesapen / It's your mother-in-law, my little Ali / who's lying in wait for you to have gotten married


krokodil

krokodil m or f (plural krokodillen, diminutive krokodilletje n)

krokodillen (plural)
krokodilletje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: krokodil

From Middle Dutch crocodil, from Latin crocodīlus, from Ancient Greek κροκόδειλος (krokódeilos).


hagedis

hagedis m (plural hagedissen, diminutive hagedisje n)

hagedissen (plural)
hagedisje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: akkedis

Negerhollands: kakatės, kakketis

→ Virgin Islands Creole: kakates (dated)

→ Aukan: lagadisa

→ Sranan Tongo: lagadisa

→ West Frisian: hagedis

/ˌɦaːɣəˈdɪs/

From Middle Dutch hagetisse, from Old Dutch *egithassa, from Proto-West Germanic *agiþahsijā (“lizard”).

inh

lizard, non-snake reptilian of the subclass Squamata, especially of the Lacertilia


zoogdier

nl-noun

zoogdier n (plural zoogdieren, diminutive zoogdiertje n)

zoogdieren (plural)
zoogdiertje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: soogdier

→ West Frisian: sûchdier

From zogen + dier, calque of German Säugetier. First attested in the 1800s.

mammal, any member of the class Mammalia


amfibie

amfibie m (plural amfibieën, diminutive amfibietje n)

amfibieën (plural)
amfibietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: amfibie

→ Indonesian: amfibi

amphibian, any member of the class Amphibia


roerdomp

roerdomp m (plural roerdompen, diminutive roerdompje n)

roerdompen (plural)
roerdompje (diminutive neuter)

Probably borrowed from Middle Low German rōrdump.

Botaurus stellaris
Botaurus stellaris#Translingual

great bittern, Eurasian bittern (Botaurus stellaris)


emoe

Borrowed from English emu, probably from Portuguese ema.

Dromaius novaehollandiae
Dromaius novaehollandiae#Translingual


koekoek

koekoek m (plural koekoeken, diminutive koekoekje n)

koekoeken (plural)
koekoekje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: koekoek

From Middle Dutch coecoec, of imitative origin, perhaps influenced by Latin cuculus and/or Old French cucu (modern French coucou).

onomatopoeic

imitative

Cuculus canorus
Cuculus canorus#Translingual


agoeti

nl-noun

agoeti m or n (plural agoeti's, diminutive agoetietje n)

agoeti's (plural)
agoetietje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: agoeti

→ Sranan Tongo: aguti

From French agouti or Spanish agutí, both from Old Tupi akuti and other Tupian languages.


beloega

beloega m (plural beloega's, diminutive beloegaatje n)

beloega's (plural)
beloegaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Russian белу́га (belúga) (in turn бе́лый (bélyj, “white”)). In modern standard Russian белу́га (belúga) means the fish only (the "European sturgeon") and белу́ха (belúxa) a "white whale".

Een Beloega/ van vier perſoonen op een burrie gedragen.

1677, Historisch verhael, of Beschryving Van de Voyagie, Gedaen onder de Suite van den Heere Koenraad van Klenk, Jan Claesz. ten Hoorn, page 94:

Delphinapterus leucas
Delphinapterus leucas#Translingual


bizon

bizon m (plural bizons, diminutive bizonnetje n)

bizons (plural)
bizonnetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bison

Borrowed from French bison, from Latin bisōn, from Proto-Germanic *wisundaz.


capibara

capibara m (plural capibara's, diminutive capibaraatje n)

capibara's (plural)
capibaraatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from Spanish capibara, from Old Tupi kapibara.

Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris
Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris#Translingual


cheeta

cheeta m (plural cheeta's, diminutive cheetaatje n)

cheeta's (plural)
cheetaatje (diminutive neuter)

Borrowed from English cheetah, from Hindi चीता (cītā), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀘𑀺𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀕 (cittaga), from Sanskrit चित्रक (citraka, “leopard”).


civetkat

civetkat f (plural civetkatten, diminutive civetkatje n)

civetkatten (plural)
civetkatje (diminutive neuter)

civet, carnivore of the genera Viverra or Civettictis


beverrat

beverrat m (plural beverratten, diminutive beverratje n)

beverratten (plural)
beverratje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of bever (“beaver”) + rat (“rat”).

coypu, member of the family Myocastoridae


doejong

doejong m (plural doejongs, diminutive doejongetje n)

doejongs (plural)
doejongetje (diminutive neuter)


mierenegel

mierenegel m (plural mierenegels, diminutive mierenegeltje n)

mierenegels (plural)
mierenegeltje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of mier (“ant”) + -en- + egel (“hedgehog”). Named after its resemblance to a hedgehog and its diet of ants and termites. First attested in the mid-nineteenth century.

echidna, any member of the family Tachyglossidae


hermelijn

hermelijn m (plural hermelijnen, diminutive hermelijntje n)

hermelijnen (plural)
hermelijntje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hermelyn

From Middle Dutch hermelijn, a diminutive of hermel, harmel, from Old Dutch *hermilo, itself also a diminutive, of *harmo, from Proto-Germanic *harmô. Cognate with Middle Low German hermelīn, German Hermelin.

Mustela erminea
Mustela erminea#Translingual


damhert

damhert n (plural damherten, diminutive damhertje n)

damherten (plural)
damhertje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of dam (“fallow deer”) + hert (“deer”).


fennek

fennek m (plural fenneks or fenneken, diminutive fennekje n)

fenneks (plural)
fenneken (plural)
fennekje (diminutive neuter)


goudhamster

goudhamster m (plural goudhamsters, diminutive goudhamstertje n)

goudhamsters (plural)
goudhamstertje (diminutive neuter)

Mesocricetus auratus
Mesocricetus auratus#Translingual


grizzlybeer

grizzlybeer m (plural grizzlyberen, diminutive grizzlybeertje n)

grizzlyberen (plural)
grizzlybeertje (diminutive neuter)

Ursus arctos horribilis
Ursus arctos horribilis#Translingual


bultrug

bultrug m (plural bultruggen, diminutive bultruggetje n or bultrugje n)

bultruggen (plural)
bultruggetje (diminutive neuter)
bultrugje (diminutive neuter)

Either from bult (“hump”) + rug (“back”) or a shortening of bultrugwalvis.

Megaptera novaeangliae
Megaptera novaeangliae#Translingual

a humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae)


jakhals

jakhals m (plural jakhalzen, diminutive jakhalsje n)

jakhalzen (plural)
jakhalsje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: jakkals

Borrowed from another European language, ultimately from Turkish çakal, from Persian شغال (šağâl), from Sanskrit सृगाल (sṛgālá, “jackal”). Modified into the current form by folk etymology.

jackal, one of certain canids of the genus Canis


leng

leng m (plural lengen, diminutive lengetje n)

lengen (plural)
lengetje (diminutive neuter)

Related to English ling, Old Norse langa. Likely derives from the same root as lang (“long”).


komodovaraan

komodovaraan c (plural komodovaranen, diminutive komodovaraantje n)

komodovaranen (plural)
komodovaraantje (diminutive neuter)


visse

visse f (plural vissen, diminutive vissetje n or visseke n)

vissen (plural)
vissetje (diminutive neuter)
visseke (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch visse (“polecat”), borrowed via Old French from Latin vissio (“weasel”) (see French vison (“mink”)). Cognate to English fitchew, English fitch and English fitchet.

't Zal een ratte zijn of een visse, gromde hij.

1907, Vlaanderen: algemeen Vlaamsch maandschrift, volume V, 486:

Bij 't speuren van een konijnenpijpe was daar een visse uitgesprongen

(Southern, dialectal) European polecat, Mustela putorius


grutto

Limosa limosa
Limosa limosa#Translingual


gewervelde

vertebrate, any member of the subphylum Vertebrata


kraai

kraai f (plural kraaien, diminutive kraaitje n)

kraaien (plural)
kraaitje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kraai

From Middle Dutch crâye, from Old Dutch *krāia, from Proto-West Germanic *krāā, from Proto-Germanic *krēǭ.

one of certain related birds of the genus Corvus or of the family Corvidae


meeuw

meeuw f (plural meeuwen, diminutive meeuwtje n)

meeuwen (plural)
meeuwtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: meeu

→ Papiamentu: meuchi, meeuwtsje (from the diminutive)

From Middle Dutch mêwe, from Old Dutch *mēo, from Proto-West Germanic *maiwī, from Proto-Germanic *maiwaz.

a seagull, seabird of the family Laridae


kieuw

kieuw f (plural kieuwen, diminutive kieuwtje n)

kieuwen (plural)
kieuwtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kieu

From Middle Dutch kieuwe, from Old Dutch *kiowa, from Proto-West Germanic *keuwā.


ratel

ratel f (plural ratels, diminutive rateltje n)

ratels (plural)
rateltje (diminutive neuter)

From Middle Dutch ratele, a compound of râte (“honeycomb”) and -ele. The suffix is ultimately from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz (agent/instrumental/diminutive suffix), and râte (now raat) is ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *hrātu (“honeycomb”), which is probably inherited from Proto-Germanic *hrētō-.


narwal

nl-noun

narwal m (plural narwals or narwallen, diminutive narwalletje n)

narwals (plural)
narwallen (plural)
narwalletje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: narwal

Borrowed from Danish narhval. First attested in the 17th century.

Monodon monoceros
Monodon monoceros#Translingual


potvis

potvis m (plural potvissen, diminutive potvisje n)

potvissen (plural)
potvisje (diminutive neuter)

Compound of pot (“pot”) + vis (“fish”). The part pot refers to the sperm whale's blunt head due to its melon and spermaceti organ.

Physeter catodon
Physeter catodon#Translingual

Physeter macrocephalus
Physeter macrocephalus#Translingual

sperm whale (Physeter catodon syn. Physeter macrocephalus)

sperm whale, any member of the family Physeteridae, including the above and several prehistoric species


buizerd

buizerd m (plural buizerds, diminutive buizerdje n)

buizerds (plural)
buizerdje (diminutive neuter)

From earlier buysard, buzart, from Middle French busard, from Old French buison, busart, from Latin būteō.


gordeldier

gordeldier n (plural gordeldieren, diminutive gordeldiertje n)

gordeldieren (plural)
gordeldiertje (diminutive neuter)

From gordel (“belt”) + dier (“animal”), calque of German Gürteltier. First attested in the 1790s.


chimpansee

chimpansee m (plural chimpansees, diminutive chimpanseetje n)

chimpansees (plural)
chimpanseetje (diminutive neuter)

→ Indonesian: simpansé

/ˌʃɪm.pɑnˈʃeː/


slurf

slurf f (plural slurven, diminutive slurfje n)

slurven (plural)
slurfje (diminutive neuter)

→ Papiamentu: slùrf

→ West Frisian: slurf

From slurven (a variant of slurpen (“to slurp”)) via Middle Dutch slorf.


spreeuw

spreeuw m or f (plural spreeuwen, diminutive spreeuwtje n)

spreeuwen (plural)
spreeuwtje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: spreeu

From Middle Dutch spreeuwe. Related to Saterland Frisian Spräie.

Sturnus vulgaris
Sturnus vulgaris#Translingual

the common starling, Sturnus vulgaris, individually or specifically


havik

havik m (plural haviken, diminutive havikje n)

haviken (plural)
havikje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: hawik

From Middle Dutch havic, from Old Dutch *havuk, from Proto-West Germanic *habuk.
Compare Low German Haavk, German Habicht, West Frisian hauk, English hawk, Swedish hök, Norwegian hauk. The political sense derived from English hawk.

Accipiter gentilis
Accipiter gentilis#Translingual