nu

From Old Norse nú (“now”), from Proto-Germanic *nu (“now”), from Proto-Indo-European *nu (“now”). Cognate with English now.


at

From Old Norse at. Cognate with Swedish att, Norwegian at. Probably from Proto-Germanic *þat, a demonstrative pronoun used as a conjunction; compare English that, German dass, Dutch dat.

Knud hørte, at bedstefaren lagde værktøjet fra sig

1986, Knud Erik Larsen, Bare ikke om søndagen:

Knud heard that his grandfather put down the tool.

Hun var overbevist om at det var sandt.

1876, J.P. Jacobsen, Fru Marie Grubbe, volume 1, page 67:

that (introduces a noun clause functioning as the subject, object or predicative of a verb, or as the object of a prepositional phrase)

Og Hjorten vil jeg fange, | At Korset jeg kan faae.

1856, Christian Winther, Hr. Peder Jernskjæg, from Hjortens Flugt / https://kalliope.org/da/text/winther2018100610

And the deer, I will catch, that I may win the cross.

det er helvedes svært, at du bare ved det.

1987, Thomas Bruun, Et paradisisk blik. Humoresker og grotesker:

it is damned difficult, just that you know it.

(archaic) that, in order that, so that (introduces an adverbial clause stating the purpose)

Jeg er saa fattig, at jeg sulter paa Sjæl og Legeme.

I am so poor that I starve in my soul and my body.

that, so that (introduces an adverbial clause stating the result, normally after a demonstrative adverb or pronoun)

At De kan synge saa tidligt om Morgenen.

That you can sing that early in the morning.

that, why (introducing an independent clause, expressing passion, surprise, anger, or joy)

Forbavset aner min forstand, | at denne scenes sære magt | kun begribes, hvis at man | bevæger sig i dansetakt.

2009, Frank Colding, Sejleren, p. 32 / https://books.google.dk/books?id=HCNperkZeKIC&pg=PA32

Astonished, my mind senses that the strange power of this scene can only be understood if one moves in dance steps.

(proscribed) added pleonastically to other conjunctions: fordi at, hvis at, når at


for

From Old Danish for, from Proto-Germanic *furai (in Western Old Norse replaced by the variant Old Norse fyrr, from Proto-Germanic *furiz, *furi, = Danish before).


qua

(as a preposition) by virtue of (because of)


men

Same origin as Old Norse meðan (“while”).

Jeg kan høre, der er et men.


om

From Old Danish ef, em, um, from Old Norse ef, from Proto-Germanic *jabai (“when, if”). Cognate with English if, German ob (“if”).

Jeg skulle spørge om du havde fem minutter.

I have been asked to ask [you] if you have five minutes.

whether (introducing an indirect question)

Fjern om nødvendigt jorden.

Om du bare ville lytte, skal jeg forklare alt.

If only you would listen, I shall explain everything.

(formal) if (introducing a conditional clause)

Hun var om ikke død, så i hvert fald stærkt såret.

She was, if not dead, then at least seriously wounded.

2013, Gyldendal, Breve hjem: Danske soldater i Første Verdenskrig, Gyldendal A/S →ISBN
... men du, jeg vil have den; før holder jeg ikke op, om så jeg skal med i en krig til.

... but hey, I want [a medal]; I shall not stop before [getting it], even if I shall have to go to another war.


end

From Old Norse en, earlier an, probably from Proto-Germanic *þan (“then”), like English than, German denn (“than, for”). For the loss of þ-, compare Old Norse at (“that”) from Proto-Germanic *þat (“that”).

Han er venligere end hende.

Han er venligere end hun er.


da

Da jeg var ung, fandtes der ikke computere.

When I was young, there were no computers.

Da jeg kom, gik hun.

Da hun er mindreårig kan hun ikke idømmes fængsel.

As she is underage, she cannot be sentenced to prison.


bare

Bare vi var alene.

1979, Tove Ditlevsen, Vi har kun hinanden: To som elsker hinanden, →ISBN:

„Bare jeg kunne blive hele natten," fortsatte han.

2014, Pernille Eybye, Blodets bånd #1: Blodsøstre, Tellerup A/S, →ISBN:

"If only I could stay all night", he continued.

Bare jeg kunne spole tiden tilbage.

2013, Lyngby-Taarbæk Bibliotekerne, Tanker om tid: 15 udvalgte noveller, BoD – Books on Demand, →ISBN, page 43:

I wish, I hope, if only (introduces a wish)

if only (introduces a conditional subclause)


som

From Old Norse som, sem (“as, like”), cognate with Norwegian som, Swedish som. Probably a weakened form of Proto-Germanic *samą, *samô (“same, in the same way”), compare Old High German sama, samo, sam (“so, likewise”).

cog

fuld som en allike

as, like (introduces comparisons, both noun phrases and dependent clauses)

Han var som kunstner højst original, men solgte aldrig et billede.

1991, Benny Andersen, Chagall & skorpiondans:

He was most original as an artist, but he never sold a single painting.

as (introduces a noun phrase that is an adjunct, or non-obligatory argument)

pattedyr som hunde og katte

...han tager pigens hånd, netop som hun vender sig for at gå tilbage til bordet.

...he takes the hand of the girl just as she turns around in order to go back to the table.

as (introduces a temporal adverbial clause)

Min Kone holder da af Dig, og jeg sympathiserer med hendes Følelse i denne henseende, saa meget mere som jeg troer, at grunden til hendes Velvillie for Dig for en Deel ligger deri, at hun seer Dine Svagheder.

1849, Søren Kierkegaard, Enten-Eller, p. vol. 2, p. 228 /:

My wife likes you, and I sympathize with her feeling in this respect, the more so as I think that the reason for her good will towards you is partly based on the fact that she sees your weaknesses.

as, because (introduces a causal adverbial clause)

Som vi da grinede!

how (introduces an exclamative independent clause)


des

Jo større den er, des gladere bliver jeg.

The larger it is, the gladder I shall be.


jo

Borrowed from Middle Low German jo. Used like Swedish ju, German ja (adverb) / je (conjunction).

Jo mere jeg løber, desto trættere bliver jeg.

The more I run, the more tired I become.


så

From Old Norse svá, from Proto-Germanic *swa, *swē, cognate with English so, German so, Dutch zo.

so that (introduces an adverbial clause stating the result)

so (introducing an independent clause summing up or concluding)


og

From Old Norse ok (“and, also”), from Proto-Germanic *auk. Cognate with Swedish och (“and”), ock (“also”), Dutch ook (“also”), and German auch (“also”).


til

From Old Norse til, from Proto-Germanic *tilą (“goal”), cognate with Swedish till (“to”), English till, German Ziel n (“goal”). The preposition has arisen from an adverbial use of the noun, lit. "(with) the goal of something". In Old Norse, the preposition governs the genitive, a usage which is preserved in certain fixed phrases in Danish.

Jeg venter til det bliver mørkt.


eller

From Old Danish ællær, from Old Norse ella, ellar, from Proto-Germanic *aljaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.

At være eller ikke være.

Han sagde hverken ja eller nej.


eftersom

Eftersom han arbejdede hårdt, fik han en forfremmelse.

Since he worked hard, he got a promotion.


desto

jo større den bliver, desto hårdere bliver den

the larger it becomes, the harder it becomes

the (forming the parallel comparative with jo)


før

From Old Norse fyrr, from Proto-Germanic *furi, *furiz (“for, before”). Cognates include Swedish före, för, English for, and German für. A different form of the same word, Proto-Germanic *furai, is found in Danish for and German vor.


hvad

From Old Norse hvat, from Proto-Germanic *hwat, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷód, *kʷod.

Han ved hvad han vil have.


både

From Old Norse báðir (“both”), a combination of Proto-Germanic *bai and the demonstrative pronoun þeir, cf. Old English bā þā (English both) and Old High German beide (German beide).

in the combinations både ... og "both ... and" and (proscribed) både ... men også, lit. "both ... but also".


fordi

From Old Danish for þy (at), Old Norse fyrir því (at), from fyrir (“for”) + því, dative singular of þat, which is extant in Danish as an independent conjunction, thi. Compare also English forthy (“therefore”) (obsolete), Norwegian fordi, and Swedish förty (archaic).

because (subordinating conjunction introducing a subclause expressing the cause, less often a concession or a motive)


straks

From Middle Low German strakes, strackes (“stretched, right away”), cognate with German stracks, Dutch straks (“later”). The Low German word was also borrowed to Norwegian straks,Swedish strax, Icelandic strax. The adverb is derived from the adjective Middle Low German strak (“straight”), German strack (“straight”), from Proto-West Germanic *strak.


når

From Old Danish nār, which may derive from Proto-Germanic *nēhwōz, an alternative form of Danish nær (“nearer”), from Old Norse nær, from Proto-Germanic *nēhwiz. In Swedish, the conjunction has the form när.
Alternatively, it is an abbreviation of the interrogative adverb hvornår. In earlier Danish når was used as an interrogative adverb as well.


siden

From Old Danish sithæn, from Old Norse síðan, from síð- + *-þan. Compare Swedish sedan, Old English siþþan, and — indirectly — with English since and Dutch sinds.

Siden det er varmt, bliver jeg indendørs.


hvis

From Middle Low German wes, genitive to wê (“who”), wat (“what”), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷís.


dengang

back then, when, at that time (where)...


undtagen

Past participle common gender of undtage (“to except”). Compare Norwegian Bokmål unntagen, unntatt and Swedish undantagen.

[ˈɔnˈtˢæjˀən]

[ˈɔnˌtˢæjˀən]


engang

Compound of en + gang. Cognate with Swedish en gång, Norwegian Nynorsk eingong

at some unspecified time in the past when...


ligesom

From lige (“equally”) + som (“as, like”). Compare Norwegian Nynorsk liksom, Swedish liksom.


thi

From Old Danish thi, thy, Old Norse því, dative singular of þat, cognate with Swedish ty (“therefore”) and Norwegian Nynorsk di.

(dated) for (coordinating conjunction introducing an explanation)

thi kendes for ret (phrase used in courtrooms to introduce the verdict)


såsom

Blandt markedsaktørerne er der heller ikke noget særligt tæt forhold mellem de finansielle aktører, såsom banker, og de produktive erhverv.

2010, Martin Marcussen, Den danske model og globaliseringen, Samfundslitteratur, →ISBN, page 119:

Nor is there among the actors of the market any particularly close relationship between the financial actors, such as banks, and the productive venues of business.


inden

Kom indenfor inden det begynder at regne.


enten

From Old Danish ænting, æntig, from Old Norse annat tveggja, cognate with Norwegian Nynorsk anten, Swedish antingen. A compound of annat (“other, either”, neuter) and tveggja (“two”, genitive).

always in the combination: enten … eller "either … or"


selv om

selv om (canonical)
selvom (canonical)
selvom (alternative)


dog

Inherited from Old Danish dogh, which was borrowed from Middle Low German doch, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *þauh.


gange

tre gange fem er femten

Used to show that one has to multiply one or more numbers together.

Pladen er tredive gange femten centimeter.

The plate is thirty by fifteen centimeters.

Used between two or more sizes to specify a target object, for example width and length.


idet

Herved kan imidlertid bemærkes, at idet det Led, som indeholder [stort pi i anden], bortgaaer af Ligningen,...

1837, Det Kongelige Danske videnskabernes selskabs naturvidenskabelige og mathematiske afhandlinger:

In this context, however, it may be noted that because the term that contains [uppercase pi squared] leaves the equation,...

Det må ventes, at en europæisk monetær union fører til en lavere inflation, idet Den europæiske Centralbank udelukkende skal forfølge et mål om prisstabilitet.

1997, Konsekvenser af euroen for den enkelte forbruger, Nordic Council of Ministers, →ISBN, page 23:

It must be expected that a European monetary union leads to lower inflation, as the european central bank is supposed to exclusively pursue a goal of price stability.

Imidlertid bør godbidderne og guidningen undervejs i rullet ikke anvendes for lang tid, idet det derved bliver uundværlige hjælpestimuli.

2006, Hvalpen, Gyldendal A/S, →ISBN, page 168:

The treats and guiding should not, however, be used for too long during the roll, as they then become indispensable auxiliary stimuli.

En dødelig bleghed for hen over Esners ansigt, bægeret gled ud af hans hånd, han sprang op fra stolen, og idet han fremstammede en kort og utydelig undskyldning til Svend, vinkede han ad tjeneren og forlod hallen.

2015, Carit Etlar, Dronningens vagtmester, Gyldendal A/S, →ISBN:

A deadly paleness swept across Esner's face, the cup slid out of his hand, he jumped out of his chair, and as he stutteringly uttered a short and unclear apology to Svend, he waved to the servant and left the hall.

Hun gjorde alt, hvad hun kunne, for at komme løs, men idet hun gav et lille hop og faldt tilbage igen, da pelsfligen strammede til, berørte hun uhyret med hele sin bagdel og blev nu hængende uhjælpelig fast.

2016, Knud Rasmussen, Myter og Sagn fra Grønland: Fjerde samling, Lindhardt og Ringhof, →ISBN:

She did everything she could to come free, but as she made a little jump and fell back as the flap of the fur tightened, she touched the monster with her entire backside and was now unhelpably stuck.

Her, store Dronning!" tilføiede hun, idet hun hævede sit Barn i Veiret og nærmede sig Elisabeth, — „her er et Væsen, hvis Skjønhed og Uskyldighed ville kunne forsvare min Sag med en Veltalenhed, som ufeilbarligen maa røre Dit ædle, fyrstelige Hjerte!"

Here, great queen!" she added, as she raised her child and approached Elisabeth, — „here is a being, whose beauty and innocence would be able to defend my case with an eloquence that must unfailingly touch your noble, princely heart!"

På ét plan degraderes begærsobjektet, kvinden, idet det vises at hun intet har på; dette er afsløringens fundamentale gestus.

2005, Michael Rasmussen, Det litterære kvindebillede hos Guy de Maupassant og på hans tid, Museum Tusculanum Press, →ISBN, page 157:

On one plane, the object of desire, the woman, is degraded as it is revealed that she is nude; this is the fundamental gesture of the revelation.

Et novum er et element, der både peger indad i teksten (idet det er med til at definere det fortællemæssige rum) og udad mod virkeligheden (idet det er i forhold til den, det nye skal forstås).

1997, Niels Dalgaard, Den gode gamle fremtid: modernitetskritik og genrevalg i halvfjerdersernes danske science-fiction roman, Museum Tusculanum Press, →ISBN, page 19:

A novum is an element that both points into the text (as it contributes to the defining of the narrative space) and outwards to reality (as that is what the new must be understood relative to).

Det er dette nu, der taltes om i dialogen med den samaritanske kvinde, idet dette nu i evangeliefortællingen pegede ud på læserens nutid, der nu bestemmes nærmere som den johannæiske menighed.

2004, Frelsens biografisering, Museum Tusculanum Press, →ISBN, page 285:

It is this present that was spoken of in the dialogue with the Samaritan woman, as this present in the gospel narrative pointed outwards to the present of the reader, which is now more specifically determined to be the Johannean congregation.

Introduces an elucidation or elaboration.


ihvorvel

Dens Lugt nærmer sig dog mere Bengal- end Levantiner- Opiumets, ihvorvel den ikke er saa ubehagelig som hiins.

1861, Skandinaviske Naturforskeres Møde, Forhandlinger ved de Skandinaviske Naturforskeres Möde, page 395:

However, its smell is closer to that of Bengalese opium than the Levanthine variety, although it is not as uncomfortable as that of the former.

... og Brevskriveren bemærker, at hvad heri fortælles, var i hans Omegn almindeligen bekjendt, og forekom ham høist troværdigt, ihvorvel han ikke selv havde hørt det.

1811, Jens Møller, Theologisk bibliothek, page 339:

... and the writer of the letter notes that what is told herein was, in his area, general knowledge, and seemed to him quite reliable, although he had not himself heard it.

... ihvorvel heller ikke det vilde forklare, hvorfor atter en Trediedeel af Sangene, og det øjensynligt meest de sildigste, slet ingen Navne indeholdt.

1840, Tidsskrift for udenlandsk theologisk litteratur, page 424:

... although that, too, would not explain why another third of the songs, and seemingly the latest one, contained no names whatsoever.


som om

Han lo som om det var sjovt.


endsige

Han kunne slet ikke forstå det, endsige forklare det til sine børn.

He could not understand it at all, let alone explain it to his children.


for så vidt

Related to Swedish försåvitt and Norwegian for så vidt

Hun er historiens hovedperson, for så vidt det giver mening at tale om en hovedperson.

She is the protagonist of the story, to the extent that it makes sense to speak of a protagonist.


forsåvidt

Den gensidige kontrols metode synes imidlertid kun at have værdi, forsåvidt det kan siges, at en fejlkilde, der gør sig gældende, forsåvidt angår fremgangsmåden A, ikke synes at gøre sig gældende forsåvidt angår fremgangsmåden B.

2016, Carl Henrik Koch, Dansk filosofi i positivismens tidsalder: 1880-1950, Lindhardt og Ringhof, →ISBN:

However, the method of mutual control seems to only have any value, if it can be said that a source of error that happens as regards procedure A does not seem to happen as regards procedure B.

Alle telegrafiske og skriftlige instrukser til de skandinaviske missioner samt til andre missioner, forsåvidt de vedrører skandinaviske spørgsmål, skal forelægges...

All telegraphic and written instructions to the Scandinavian missions and to other missions, to the extent that they concern Scandinavian matters, must be presented to...

... forsåvidt de ikke efter deres karakter hører under et andet kontor ...

... if they do not, according to their characters, belong to the jurisdiciton of some other office ...


uanset

(uncommon) regardless (of the circumstances)


uagtet

[ˈuˌɑɡ̊d̥əð]

After Middle Low German ungeachtet, from un- + geachtet (“respected”), a past participle of achten (“to respect”), which has also been borrowed to Danish (agte).


for at

From for (“for”) + at (“that”), cf. Swedish för att.

that, in order that, so that (introduces an adverbial clause stating the purpose)


for at

Titusindvis af mennesker samledes, ikke blot for at tolke deres sangerglæde, men i nok så høj grad for at demonstrere deres samhørighed over for tyskerne.

2017, Carlo Andersen, For at andre kunne leve:

Tens of thousands of people gathered, not only in order to express their joy of singing, but just as much in order to demonstrate their solidarity against the Germans.

in order to (introduces an adverbial infinitive stating the purpose, normally used when the subject of the infinitive is coreferential with the subject of the frame clause)