pies

piesen (singulative)
pies (unmutated)
bies (soft)
fies

Potentially borrowed from Middle English pye, a borrowing from Old French pie. Cognate with Welsh piod.


on

From Proto-Celtic *ognos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷnós (“lamb”).


y

From Proto-Brythonic *eið, from Proto-Celtic *esyo m and *esyās f; compare Old Irish a (“his, her, its, their”) and Sanskrit अस्य (asyá, “his, its”) and अस्यास् (asyā́s, “her”).

(Standard Cornish, Standard Written Form) his


y

From Proto-Celtic *eyes, plural of *es, from Proto-Indo-European *éy. Cognate with Breton i(nt), Irish ia(d) and Welsh hwy

(Standard Cornish) they (third person plural pronoun)


y

From Proto-Celtic *ide- (compare Breton e, ez, Welsh y, yth, Old Irish id), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁i-dʰei- (compare Latin ibi (“here”), Avestan 𐬌𐬛𐬁 (idā, “here, in the same way”), and Sanskrit इह (ihá, “here”)).

cog

Inserted before the verb when the verb precedes the subject


de

de (unmutated)
dhe (soft)
te
te (mixed)
te (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Middle Cornish de, from Old Cornish doy, glossed in Vocabularium Cornicum as heri. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰyés. Cognate with Latin heri, Welsh doe, French hier, Sanskrit ह्यस् (hyas), etc.


te

From Proto-Brythonic *ti, from Proto-Celtic *tū, from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.

you (informal second person singular pronoun), thou, thee


te

teow (plural)
te (unmutated)
de (soft)
the


war

warnav (first-person singular)
warnam (first-person singular)
warna vy (first-person singular)
warnan (first-person plural)
wara nei (first-person plural)
warnas (second-person singular)
warna chy (second-person singular)
warnowgh (plural second-person)
wara hwei (plural second-person)
warnodho (singular third-person)
war ev (singular third-person)
war evm (singular third-person)
warnedhi (singular third-person)
war hei (singular third-person)
war heif (singular third-person)
warnedha (plural third-person)
warnedhans (plural third-person)
war anjei (plural third-person)


map

Cognate with Breton mab, Old Irish macc.


know

knowen (singulative)
knofen (singulative)
know (unmutated)
gnow (soft)
hnow

From Proto-Brythonic *know, from Proto-Celtic *knūs.


dar

deri (plural)
dar (unmutated)
dhar (soft)
tar
tar (mixed)
tar (after-th mutation-mixed)

Inherited from Proto-Brythonic *dar, from Proto-Celtic *daru, from Proto-Indo-European *dóru.


banana

bananas (plural)
banana (unmutated)
vanana (soft)
panana
fanana (mixed)
vanana (after-th mutation-mixed)


el

From Middle Cornish êl, eyl, eal, from Old Cornish ail, a borrowing from Proto-Brythonic *angel, from Latin angelus, from Ancient Greek ἄγγελος (ángelos). Cognate with Breton ael, Welsh angel.


my

From Proto-Brythonic *mi, from Proto-Celtic *mī.


air

From Old Cornish aer, aƿui(r), borrowed from Latin aer.


men

meyn (plural)
men (unmutated)
ven (soft)
fen (mixed)
ven (after-th mutation-mixed)


indigo

indigo:


tan

tanow (plural)
tan (unmutated)
dan (soft)
than

From Middle Cornish tan, from Old Cornish tan, from Proto-Brythonic *tan, from Proto-Celtic *teɸnets (“fire”) (compare Old Irish teine, Welsh tân).


hi

From Proto-Celtic *sī. Cognate to Welsh hi.

she (third-person feminine singular personal pronoun).


del

delen (singulative)
del (unmutated)
dhel (soft)
tel
tel (mixed)
tel (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *döl, from Proto-Celtic *dolyā, from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰelh₁- (“blossom”). Cognate with Breton del, Welsh dail.


ben

From Proto-Brythonic *bon, from Proto-Celtic *bonus (see Breton Ben-, Welsh bôn). Found as pen in the placename Pentewan.


ben

ben (unmutated)
ven (soft)
pen
fen (mixed)
ven (after-th mutation-mixed)

Same source as benyn. Cognate with English queen, among others.


bran

brini (plural)
bran (unmutated)
vran (soft)
pran
fran (mixed)
vran (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *bran, from Proto-Celtic *branos, from Proto-Indo-European *werneh₂- (“crow”). Cognate with Welsh brân.
Compare Tocharian B wrauña, Lithuanian várna, Slovene vrana.


kara

Pres-fut (indicative)
Pres-fut (conditional)
karav (first-person indicative singular)
karen (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
keris (first-person indicative preterite singular)
karsen (conditional first-person indicative singular)
kyrriv (first-person singular subjunctive)
karren (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
kerydh (indicative second-person singular)
kares (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
kersys (indicative preterite second-person singular)
karses (conditional indicative second-person singular)
kyrri (second-person singular subjunctive)
karres (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
kar (imperative second-person singular)
kar (indicative singular third-person)
kara (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
karas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
karsa (conditional indicative singular third-person)
karro (singular subjunctive third-person)
karra (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
kares (imperative singular third-person)
keryn (first-person indicative plural)
karen (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
kersyn (first-person indicative plural preterite)
karsen (conditional first-person indicative plural)
kerryn (first-person plural subjunctive)
karren (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
keryn (first-person imperative plural)
kerowgh (indicative plural second-person)
karewgh (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
kersowgh (indicative plural preterite second-person)
karsewgh (conditional indicative plural second-person)
kerrowgh (plural second-person subjunctive)
karrewgh (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
kerowgh (imperative plural second-person)
karons (indicative plural third-person)
karens (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
kersons (indicative plural preterite third-person)
karsens (conditional indicative plural third-person)
karrons (plural subjunctive third-person)
karrens (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
karens (imperative plural third-person)
kerir (indicative)
kares (imperfect indicative)
karas (indicative preterite)
karsys (conditional indicative)
kyrrer (subjunctive)
karrys (imperfect subjunctive)
ow kara (participle present)
Verbal adjective: kerys (participle present)
kara (unmutated)
gara (soft)
hara

From Proto-Brythonic *karɨd. Cognate with Breton karout and Welsh caru.


gans

genev (first-person singular)
genen (first-person plural)
genes (second-person singular)
genowgh (plural second-person)
ganso (m) (singular third-person)
gensi (f) (singular third-person)
gansans (plural third-person)
gansa (plural third-person)
genam (first-person singular)
genama (first-person singular)
gena (first-person singular)
genen (first-person plural)
gena nei (first-person plural)
genes (second-person singular)
gena jy (second-person singular)
genowgh (plural second-person)
gena hwei (plural second-person)
ganjo (m) (singular third-person)
gans ev (m) (singular third-person)
genjy (f) (singular third-person)
gans hei (f) (singular third-person)
ganjans (plural third-person)
gans anjei (plural third-person)
genef (first-person singular)
genama (first-person singular)
genen (first-person plural)
genes (second-person singular)
genowgh (plural second-person)
ganso (m) (singular third-person)
gensy (f) (singular third-person)
gansans (plural third-person)
gansa (plural third-person)

From Old Cornish cant, from Proto-Celtic *kanta (“together with”).

with (expresses possession of something on one's person)

by (indicates the actor of a clause in the passive voice)


er

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“in front”). See Welsh er.


er

From Old Cornish er, from Proto-Celtic *eriros (“eagle”) (compare Breton erer, Welsh eryr, Old Irish irar), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō (“large bird”).


er

From Middle Cornish er, borrowed from Middle English eir, from Anglo-Norman heir, from Latin hērēs.


er

From Proto-Celtic *sagro-. Cognate with Welsh haer.

challenge, defiance, stubbornness, insistence, heresy


er

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


bore

bore (unmutated)
vore (soft)
pore
fore (mixed)
vore (after-th mutation-mixed)

Borrowed from Welsh bore. Cognate with Breton beure, Old Irish báireach and Old Irish bárach, whence i mbáireach and i mbárach (“tomorrow”), modern Irish amáireach (Munster, Connaught) and Irish amárach (Donegal).


blew

blewen (singulative)
blew (unmutated)
vlew (soft)
plew
flew (mixed)
vlew (after-th mutation-mixed)

Cognate with Breton blev and Welsh blew. Of uncertain ultimate origin and lacking Celtic cognates outside of Brythonic. Perhaps related to Ancient Greek φλόος (phlóos, “rind, bark”). Or, related to Lithuanian plùskos (“hair”) and Proto-West Germanic *fleus (“fleece”), from Proto-Indo-European *plews- (“to pull out, pluck”).


fell

Perhaps an alteration of Middle Cornish felen (under influence from Middle English fell), itself a mutation of Middle Cornish melen/milen, which being equivalent to the modern word milus (“brutal”).


lost

From Middle Cornish lost, from Proto-Brythonic *llost, from Proto-Celtic *lustā, from Proto-Indo-European *lew- (“to divide, split”), possibly related to Old Norse ljósta (“to strike”), Proto-Germanic *leustaną. Cognate with Welsh llost, Breton lost, Gaulish losto-.


why

From Proto-Celtic *swīs (compare Breton c’hwi, Welsh chi, Old Irish síi), from Proto-Indo-European *wos.

(Standard Cornish, Standard Written Form with Traditional Graphs) you (formal or plural)


du

du (unmutated)
dhu (soft)
tu
tu (mixed)
tu (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *duβ, from Proto-Celtic *dubus, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewbʰ-.

du:


bo

bo (unmutated)
vo (soft)
po
fo (mixed)
vo (after-th mutation-mixed)

third-person singular present subjunctive of bos


dew

diw (feminine)
dew (unmutated)
dhew (soft)
tew
tew (mixed)
tew (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *dow, from Proto-Celtic *duwo, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


brew

From Proto-Celtic *bruseti, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrews- (“to break”). Cognate with Welsh briw.


brew

brew (unmutated)
vrew (soft)
prew
frew (mixed)
vrew (after-th mutation-mixed)

brewi

to bruise, to crush, to mash, to crumble


paper

paperyow (plural)
paper (unmutated)
baper (soft)
faper


bath

Uncertain; possibly from Proto-Celtic *batto-. Cognate with Welsh bath.


bath

bathys (plural)
bath (unmutated)
vath (soft)
path
fath (mixed)
vath (after-th mutation-mixed)


ha

From Proto-Brythonic *(h)a, from Proto-Indo-European *ad-gʰe (compare with Breton ha, Welsh a, ag).

Yma hwans dhymm a diwes hag avel.

hag ev owth oberi


tre

From Proto-Brythonic *treβ, from Proto-Celtic *trebā, from Proto-Indo-European *treb-. Cognate with Welsh tref


boron

boron (unmutated)
voron (soft)
poron
foron (mixed)
voron (after-th mutation-mixed)


tungsten

tungsten (unmutated)
dungsten (soft)
thungsten

Borrowed from English tungsten, from Swedish tungsten (“scheelite”), from tung (“heavy”) + sten (“stone”).


lu

From Old Cornish luu, from Proto-Brythonic *llʉɣ, from Proto-Celtic *slougos.


po

According to an Gerlyver Meur, either an unstressed form of py (“which”) or provected form of the present-future subjunctive of bos (“to be”).


po

Contraction of pa (“when”) and the present-future subjunctive of bos (“to be”).

po'chy ha dha wreg pries

po margh ledrys

(Revived Late Cornish) Contraction of pa vo (“when ... is”).


tri

head

tri m (feminine form teyr, triggers aspirate mutation)

teyr (feminine)
tri (unmutated)
dri (soft)
thri

From Proto-Brythonic *tri, from Proto-Celtic *trīs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


das

deys (plural)
das (unmutated)
dhas (soft)
tas
tas (mixed)
tas (after-th mutation-mixed)


own

From Proto-Brythonic *oβn, from Proto-Celtic *oβnus. Cognate with Welsh ofn.


own

(Revived Late Cornish) Alternative form of ewn (“accurate”).


chi

chiow (plural)
treven (plural)
chi (unmutated)
ji (soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *tɨɣ, from Proto-Celtic *tegos, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-.


horn

From Proto-Brythonic *hiyarno-, from Proto-Celtic *īsarnom (compare Welsh haern, Breton houarn, Irish iarann), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood, red”).


bes

besow (plural)
bes (unmutated)
ves (soft)
pes
fes (mixed)
ves (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *bɨd, from Proto-Celtic *bitus.


sans

From Proto-Brythonic *sant. Cognate with Welsh sant.


ros

From Proto-Brythonic *rrod, from Proto-Celtic *rotos, from Proto-Indo-European *Hróth₂os.


ros

From Proto-Brythonic *rros, from Proto-Celtic *ɸrostos.


mango

mangos (plural)
mango (unmutated)
vango (soft)
fango (mixed)
vango (after-th mutation-mixed)

Borrowed from English mango, from Portuguese manga, from Malay mangga, from Malayalam മാങ്ങ (māṅṅa).


pons

From Middle Cornish pons, from Old Cornish pons, from Proto-Brythonic *pont, a borrowing from Latin pōns, pōntem. Cognate with Breton and Welsh pont.


aber

From Proto-Brythonic *aber, from Proto-Celtic *adberos. Cognate with Breton aber and Welsh aber.


eth

From Proto-Brythonic *üiθ, from Proto-Celtic *oxtū (compare Welsh wyth), from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.


per

From Middle Cornish per, from Proto-Brythonic *per, a borrowing from Latin pira, plural of pirum. Cognate with Breton per, Welsh pêr.


jy

you (informal second person singular pronoun)


ky

keun (plural)
ky (unmutated)
gy (soft)
hy


ny

nyns

used before forms of bos that start with a vowel


hen

From Proto-Brythonic *hen, from Proto-Celtic *senos.


nos

From Middle Cornish nos, from Old Cornish nos, either inherited from Proto-Celtic *noxs or borrowed from Latin nox. In either case, cognate with Breton noz, Welsh nos and Gaulish nox, all ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *nókʷts.


nos

From Latin nota. Cognate with Welsh nod, Irish nod, nóta and English note. Doublet of noten.


keus

keusyow (plural)
keus (unmutated)
geus (soft)
heus

From Middle Cornish kez, keas, from Old Cornish cos, from Proto-Brythonic *kọs, a borrowing from Latin cāseus. Cognate with Breton keuz, Welsh caws.


den

tus (plural)
den (unmutated)
dhen (soft)
ten
ten (mixed)
ten (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Old Cornish den, from Proto-Brythonic *dün, from Proto-Celtic *gdonyos (“human, person”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰéǵʰom-yo- (“earthling, human”), a derivation of *dʰéǵʰōm (“earth”).


bos

Future- (indicative present)
Habitual (indicative present)
Present- (conditional)
future (conditional)
ov vy (first-person indicative present singular)
oma (first-person indicative present singular)
esof vy (first-person indicative present singular)
eroma (first-person indicative present singular)
bedhaf vy (first-person indicative singular)
en vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
esen vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
eren vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
beuv vy (first-person indicative preterite singular)
bien vy (conditional first-person indicative singular)
biv vy (first-person singular subjunctive)
byma (first-person singular subjunctive)
ben vy (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
os jy (indicative present second-person singular)
osta (indicative present second-person singular)
esos jy (indicative present second-person singular)
esta (indicative present second-person singular)
bedhyth jy (indicative second-person singular)
bedhys jy (indicative second-person singular)
es jy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
eses jy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
eres jy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
beus jy (indicative preterite second-person singular)
beusta (indicative preterite second-person singular)
bies jy (conditional indicative second-person singular)
by jy (second-person singular subjunctive)
bosta (second-person singular subjunctive)
bes jy (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
besta (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
bëdh (imperative second-person singular)
bÿdh (imperative second-person singular)
yw ev (indicative present singular third-person)
ywa (indicative present singular third-person)
yma ev (indicative present singular third-person)
usy ev (indicative present singular third-person)
eus (indicative present singular third-person)
bëdh ev (indicative singular third-person)
bÿdh ev (indicative singular third-person)
o ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
esa ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
eja ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
era ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
beu ev (indicative preterite singular third-person)
bia ev (conditional indicative singular third-person)
bo ev (singular subjunctive third-person)
be ev (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
bedhes (imperative singular third-person)
on ny (first-person indicative plural present)
eson ny (first-person indicative plural present)
eron ny (first-person indicative plural present)
bedhyn ny (first-person indicative plural)
en ny (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
esen ny (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
eren ny (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
beun ny (first-person indicative plural preterite)
bien ny (conditional first-person indicative plural)
bon ny (first-person plural subjunctive)
ben ny (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
bedhyn (first-person imperative plural)
owgh why (indicative plural present second-person)
esowgh (indicative plural present second-person)
erowgh why (indicative plural present second-person)
bedhowgh why (indicative plural second-person)
ewgh why (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
esewgh why (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
erewgh why (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
bewgh why (indicative plural preterite second-person)
biewgh why (conditional indicative plural second-person)
bowgh why (plural second-person subjunctive)
bewgh why (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
bedhowgh (imperative plural second-person)
yns y (indicative plural present third-person)
ymowns y (indicative plural present third-person)
ymôns y (indicative plural present third-person)
usons y (indicative plural present third-person)
bedhons y (indicative plural third-person)
êns y (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
esens y (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
erens y (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
bowns y (indicative plural preterite third-person)
biens y (conditional indicative plural third-person)
bowns y (plural subjunctive third-person)
bêns y (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bedhens (imperative plural third-person)
ow pos (participle present)
ow pones (participle present)
Future- (indicative present)
Habitual (indicative present)
Present- (conditional)
future (conditional)
ov vy (first-person indicative present singular)
o'ma (first-person indicative present singular)
esov vy (first-person indicative present singular)
bydhav vy (first-person indicative singular)
en vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
esen vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
beuv vy (first-person indicative preterite singular)
bien vy (conditional first-person indicative singular)
biv vy (first-person singular subjunctive)
bon vy (first-person singular subjunctive)
ben vy (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
os jy (indicative present second-person singular)
os ta (indicative present second-person singular)
esos jy (indicative present second-person singular)
es ta (indicative present second-person singular)
bydhydh jy (indicative second-person singular)
es jy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
eses jy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
beus jy (indicative preterite second-person singular)
bies jy (conditional indicative second-person singular)
bi jy (second-person singular subjunctive)
bos jy (second-person singular subjunctive)
bes jy (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
bydh (imperative second-person singular)
yw ev (indicative present singular third-person)
yma ev (indicative present singular third-person)
usi ev (indicative present singular third-person)
eus (indicative present singular third-person)
bydh ev (indicative singular third-person)
o ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
esa ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
beu ev (indicative preterite singular third-person)
bia ev (conditional indicative singular third-person)
bo ev (singular subjunctive third-person)
be ev (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
bedhes (imperative singular third-person)
on ni (first-person indicative plural present)
eson ni (first-person indicative plural present)
bydhyn ni (first-person indicative plural)
en ni (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
esen ni (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
beun ni (first-person indicative plural preterite)
bien ni (conditional first-person indicative plural)
byn ni (first-person plural subjunctive)
bon ni (first-person plural subjunctive)
ben ni (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
bedhyn (first-person imperative plural)
owgh hwi (indicative plural present second-person)
esowgh hwi (indicative plural present second-person)
bydhowgh hwi (indicative plural second-person)
ewgh hwi (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
esewgh hwi (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
bewgh hwi (indicative plural preterite second-person)
biewgh hwi (conditional indicative plural second-person)
bowgh hwi (plural second-person subjunctive)
bewgh hwi (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
bedhowgh (imperative plural second-person)
yns i (indicative plural present third-person)
ymons i (indicative plural present third-person)
usons i (indicative plural present third-person)
bydhons i (indicative plural third-person)
ens i (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
esens i (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
bons i (indicative plural preterite third-person)
biens i (conditional indicative plural third-person)
bons i (plural subjunctive third-person)
bens i (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bedhens (imperative plural third-person)
or (indicative present)
eder (indicative present)
bedher (indicative)
os (imperfect indicative)
eses (imperfect indicative)
beus (indicative preterite)
bies (conditional indicative)
ber (subjunctive)
bes (imperfect subjunctive)
ow pos (participle present)
Verbal adjective: (not used) (participle present)
Future- (indicative present)
Habitual (indicative present)
Present- (conditional)
future (conditional)
om (first-person indicative present singular)
o'ma (first-person indicative present singular)
o'vy (first-person indicative present singular)
erom (first-person indicative present singular)
ero'ma (first-person indicative present singular)
ero'vy (first-person indicative present singular)
bedham (first-person indicative singular)
bedha'ma (first-person indicative singular)
bedha'vy (first-person indicative singular)
om (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
o'ma (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
o'vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
ere'vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
beu'ma (first-person indicative preterite singular)
beu'vy (first-person indicative preterite singular)
biem (conditional first-person indicative singular)
bie'vy (conditional first-person indicative singular)
bon (first-person singular subjunctive)
bo'ma (first-person singular subjunctive)
bo'vy (first-person singular subjunctive)
be'vy (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
os (indicative present second-person singular)
o'chy (indicative present second-person singular)
os ta (indicative present second-person singular)
ero'chy (indicative present second-person singular)
es'ta (indicative present second-person singular)
bedhys (indicative second-person singular)
bedhys ta (indicative second-person singular)
os (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
o'chy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
os ta (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
ere'chy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
es'ta (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
beus ta (indicative preterite second-person singular)
beu'chy (indicative preterite second-person singular)
bies (conditional indicative second-person singular)
bie'chy (conditional indicative second-person singular)
bos (second-person singular subjunctive)
bo'ta (second-person singular subjunctive)
bo'chy (second-person singular subjunctive)
bes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
bes ta (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
bedh (imperative second-person singular)
ew (indicative present singular third-person)
ewa (indicative masculine present singular third-person)
ma (indicative present singular third-person)
eus (indicative present singular third-person)
uji (indicative present singular third-person)
bedh (indicative singular third-person)
bedha (indicative masculine singular third-person)
o (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
era (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
beu (indicative preterite singular third-person)
bia (conditional indicative singular third-person)
bo (singular subjunctive third-person)
be (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
bedhes (imperative singular third-person)
bedhens (imperative singular third-person)
on (first-person indicative plural present)
o'nei (first-person indicative plural present)
ero'nei (first-person indicative plural present)
bedhyn (first-person indicative plural)
o'nei (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
ere'nei (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
beu'nei (first-person indicative plural preterite)
bie'nei (conditional first-person indicative plural)
bon (first-person plural subjunctive)
bo'nei (first-person plural subjunctive)
ben (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
be'nei (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
bedhyn (first-person imperative plural)
o'hwei (indicative plural present second-person)
ero'hwei (indicative plural present second-person)
bedho'hwei (indicative plural second-person)
o'hwei (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
ere'hwei (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
bo'hwei (indicative plural preterite second-person)
bew' (indicative plural preterite second-person)
be'hwei (indicative plural preterite second-person)
bie'hwi (conditional indicative plural second-person)
bow' (plural second-person subjunctive)
bo'hwi (plural second-person subjunctive)
bew' (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
bew'hwei (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
bedhow' (imperative plural second-person)
bedhew' (imperative plural second-person)
ens (indicative plural present third-person)
en'jei (indicative plural present third-person)
mons (indicative plural present third-person)
mon'jei (indicative plural present third-person)
ma jei (indicative plural present third-person)
ujons (indicative plural present third-person)
ujon'jei (indicative plural present third-person)
bedhons (indicative plural third-person)
bedh anjei (indicative plural third-person)
o'njei (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
o anjei (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
eren'jei (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
era anjei (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
bon'jei (indicative plural preterite third-person)
beu anjei (indicative plural preterite third-person)
biens (conditional indicative plural third-person)
bia anjei (conditional indicative plural third-person)
bons (plural subjunctive third-person)
bo anjei (plural subjunctive third-person)
bens (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
be anjei (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bedhens (imperative plural third-person)
o pos (participle present)
Verbal adjective: (not used) (participle present)
bos (unmutated)
vos (soft)
pos
fos (mixed)
vos (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *butā, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to be”).

My a veu own.
I was frightened.

Nei via pris da rag an hern.

We would get a good price for the pilchards.

Termyn aral hwei vedh moy.

(Revived Late Cornish, future, preterite or conditional tenses) to have; to get


neus

neusen (singulative)
neujen (singulative)


oor

head

oor (comparative òrra, superlative an òrra)

òrra (comparative)
an òrra (superlative)

From Old Cornish oir, from Proto-Celtic *ougros, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ewǵ-. Compare Welsh oer.


hus

From Proto-Brythonic *hʉd, from Proto-Celtic *soitos, from Proto-Indo-European *seyt-.


bord

bordys (plural)
bord (unmutated)
vord (soft)
pord
ford (mixed)
vord (after-th mutation-mixed)

Borrowed from Old English bord (“board”).


dos

dos (unmutated)
dhos (soft)
tos
tos (mixed)
tos (after-th mutation-mixed)

Contraction of dones. Cognate with Welsh dod


lo

From Proto-Brythonic *lluɨɣ, from Proto-Celtic *leigā. Cognate with Welsh llwy, Breton loa (Vannes dialect loé, lui).


try

From Proto-Brythonic *tri, from Proto-Celtic *trīs, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


barf

barf (unmutated)
varf (soft)
parf
farf (mixed)
varf (after-th mutation-mixed)


les

Inherited from Proto-Brythonic *lles, from Proto-Celtic *lexstus. Cognate with Welsh lles.

utility, usefulness, importance, interest


les

Inherited from Proto-Celtic *lussus (“medicinal herb, vegetable”). Doublet of losow. Cognate with Welsh llys.


les

Inherited from Proto-Brythonic *lled, from Proto-Celtic *ɸletos. Cognate with Welsh lled.


mel

mel (unmutated)
vel (soft)
fel (mixed)
vel (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *mel, from Proto-Celtic *meli (“honey”) (compare Welsh mêl, Old Irish mil), from Proto-Indo-European *mélid, whence also Latin mel (“honey”).


cul

From Proto-Brythonic *kʉl, from Proto-Celtic *koilos (“thin”) (compare Old Irish coíl, Welsh cul).


le

Pur vysi yw an le ma der an hav.

This place is very busy through the summer.

Eus le yn an park kerri na?

Res yw dhywgh ragerghi le rag an kyttrin leel.

You need to book a seat for the local bus.


mes

From Proto-Celtic *magestus, from *magos.


mes

From Proto-Celtic *messus (“acorn”). Cognate with Welsh mes (“acorns”), Breton mez (“acorns”).


pow

From Latin pāgus. Cognate with Welsh pau.


bro

broyow (plural)
bro (unmutated)
vro (soft)
pro
fro (mixed)
vro (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *broɣ, from Proto-Celtic *mrogis. Cognate with Breton bro


krev

From Middle Cornish creff, cref, from Old Cornish crif, from Proto-Brythonic *krɨβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *kriɸmos (compare Welsh cryf, Breton kreñv).


ɐ

Ha po 'ryg e ꝺɐz ꝺɐ 'n ᵹeᵹen; enna e uelaz an ôst an tshei; ha dên kôꞇ o ê, a guadn, a trailia an bêr.

(obsolete) A letter of the Cornish alphabet, written in the Latin script..


bay

bayys (plural)
bay (unmutated)
vay (soft)
pay
fay (mixed)
vay (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Middle Cornish bay, borrowed from Middle English baye.


toll

From Proto-Celtic *tullos. Cognate with Welsh twll.


toll

Related to Welsh twyll; both possibly from Latin tēla.


res

From Old Cornish rhyd, from Proto-Brythonic *rrɨd, from Proto-Celtic *ɸritus. Cognate with Welsh rhyd.

(Revived Late Cornish) Alternative form of rys (“ford”)


lys

Cognate with Welsh llys, Irish lios, and Breton lez


dor

dorow (plural)
dor (unmutated)
dhor (soft)
tor
tor (mixed)
tor (after-th mutation-mixed)

Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeǵʰ-.


lien

From Middle Cornish lyen, from Proto-Brythonic *lleɣenn, from Latin legendum.


maw

Me a wrug desky Kernowak termyn me ve maw.
I learnt Cornish when I was a boy.


tas

tasow (plural)
tas (unmutated)
das (soft)
thas

From Proto-Brythonic *tad, from Proto-Celtic *tatos.


howl

From Proto-Celtic *sāwol (compare Welsh haul, Breton heol; compare also Irish súil (“eye”)), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥.


rag

ragov (first-person singular)
ragam (first-person singular)
raga'ma (first-person singular)
ragon (first-person plural)
raga nei (first-person plural)
ragos (second-person singular)
ragowgh (plural second-person)
raga hwei (plural second-person)
ragdho (singular third-person)
rag ev (singular third-person)
rag evm (singular third-person)
rygdhi (singular third-person)
rag hei (singular third-person)
rag heif (singular third-person)
ragdha (plural third-person)
ragtans (plural third-person)
rag anjei (plural third-person)

From Proto-Brythonic *rrak, from Proto-Indo-European *proko-, whence also Old Church Slavonic прокъ (prokŭ, “remaining”), from Proto-Indo-European *pro-.


worth

Alternative form of orth (“at, against”)


ki

keun (plural)
ki (unmutated)
gi (soft)
hi

From Old Cornish ci, from Proto-Brythonic *ki, from Proto-Celtic *kū, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.


oy

From Proto-Celtic *āwyom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ōwyóm (“egg”), likely a derivative of *h₂éwis (“bird”) (whence also Latin avis (“bird”)). Compare Welsh wy, Breton vi.


poll

From Proto-Brythonic *pull, from Old English pull, pyll (“tidal pool”) or Old Norse pollr, from Proto-Germanic *pullaz (“pool”). Cognate with Breton poull, Irish and Scottish Gaelic poll, and Welsh pwll.


poll

pollow (plural)
poll (unmutated)
boll (soft)
foll

From Proto-Brythonic *puɨll, from Proto-Celtic *kʷeislā. Cognate with Welsh pwyll.


naw

From Proto-Brythonic *naw, from Proto-Celtic *nawan, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥.


deg

deg (unmutated)
dheg (soft)
teg
teg (mixed)
teg (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *deg, from Proto-Celtic *dekam, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥.


mil

mil (unmutated)
vil (soft)
fil (mixed)
vil (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *mil, from Latin mīlia. Cognate with Breton mil and Welsh mil.


Kernewek

(Unified Cornish, Common Cornish, Standard Written Form) the Cornish language


plans

plansow (plural)
plans (unmutated)
blans (soft)
flans


maga

From Middle Cornish maga, from Proto-Brythonic *mėgɨd, from Proto-Celtic *maketi (“to raise”), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ḱ- (“long, to raise”). Cognate with Welsh magu.


gul

Pres-fut (indicative)
Pres-fut (conditional)
gwrav vy (first-person indicative singular)
gwren vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gwrug vy (first-person indicative preterite singular)
gwrugav vy (first-person indicative preterite singular)
gwrussen vy (conditional first-person indicative singular)
gwrylliv vy (first-person singular subjunctive)
gwrellen vy (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
gwredh jy (indicative second-person singular)
gwre'ta (indicative second-person singular)
gwres jy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gwrugys jy (indicative preterite second-person singular)
gwruss'ta (indicative preterite second-person singular)
gwrusses jy (conditional indicative second-person singular)
gwrylli jy (second-person singular subjunctive)
gwrelles jy (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
gwra (imperative second-person singular)
gwra ev (indicative singular third-person)
gwre ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gwrug ev (indicative preterite singular third-person)
gwrussa ev (conditional indicative singular third-person)
gwrello ev (singular subjunctive third-person)
gwrella ev (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
gwres (imperative singular third-person)
gwren ni (first-person indicative plural)
gwren ni (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
gwrussyn ni (first-person indicative plural preterite)
gwrussen ni (conditional first-person indicative plural)
gwryllyn ni (first-person plural subjunctive)
gwrellen ni (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
gwren (first-person imperative plural)
gwrewgh hwi (indicative plural second-person)
gwrewgh hwi (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
gwrussowgh hwi (indicative plural preterite second-person)
gwrussewgh hwi (conditional indicative plural second-person)
gwryllowgh hwi (plural second-person subjunctive)
gwrellewgh hwi (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
gwrewgh (imperative plural second-person)
gwrons i (indicative plural third-person)
gwrens i (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
gwrussons i (indicative plural preterite third-person)
gwrussens i (conditional indicative plural third-person)
gwrellons i (plural subjunctive third-person)
gwrellens i (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
gwrens (imperative plural third-person)
gwrer (indicative)
gwres (imperfect indicative)
gwrug (indicative preterite)
gwrussys (conditional indicative)
gwreller (subjunctive)
gwrellys (imperfect subjunctive)
ow kul (participle present)
Verbal adjective: gwrys (participle present)
gul (unmutated)
wul (soft)
kul
hwul (mixed)
wul (after-th mutation-mixed)

Contraction of gwul, cognate with Welsh gwneud, Breton ober (conjugation in gr-).


logos

head

logos f (singulative logosen or logojen)

logosen (singulative)
logojen (singulative)

From Proto-Brythonic *llugod, plural of *llug, from Proto-Celtic *lukūts.


baban

babanes (plural)
baban (unmutated)
vaban (soft)
paban
faban (mixed)
vaban (after-th mutation-mixed)


-as

hanaf (“cup”) + -as → hanafas (“cupful”)

dorn (“fist, hand”) + -as → dornas (“fistful, handful”)

Forms masculine nouns denoting capacity; -ful

gwia (“to weave”) + -as → gwias (“web”)

boks (“box; blow”) + -as → boksas (“flurry of blows, fisticuffs”)

mynn- (“root of mynnes, to want”) + -as → mynnas (“wish, purpose, intent”)

Forms masculine nouns denoting the result of an action


mor

From Middle Cornish and Old Cornish mor, from Proto-Brythonic *mor, from Proto-Celtic *mori, from Proto-Indo-European *móri.


mor

moren (singulative)
mor (unmutated)
vor (soft)
for (mixed)
vor (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *muɨar (compare Breton mouar), Welsh mwyar from Proto-Celtic *smiyoros (compare Irish sméar).


gol

gòl (canonical masculine)
gòlyow (plural)

Contraction of gool (“feast, fair; vigil, wake, watch”).


gol

gol (unmutated)
wol (soft)
kol
hwol (mixed)
wol (after-th mutation-mixed)


reden

From Proto-Brythonic *rrėdɨn, diminutive of Proto-Celtic *ɸratis.


glas

Inherited from Middle Cornish glas, from Proto-Brythonic *glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos.

glas:

glas:

glas:


bora

From Proto-Brythonic *bọreɣ, from Proto-Celtic *bāregos (“morning”). Cognate with Breton beure (“morning”) and Welsh bore (“morning”).


bora

borys (plural)
bora (unmutated)
vora (soft)
pora
fora (mixed)
vora (after-th mutation-mixed)


goes

goes (unmutated)
woes (soft)
koes
hwoes (mixed)
woes (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *waytos, probably ultimately from the root of gwythi (“veins”), see that entry for cognates. Cognate with Breton gwad and Welsh gwaed.


ev

From Middle Cornish ef, from Proto-Celtic *em-em. Compare Breton eñ, Welsh ef.


meth

From Proto-Celtic *metom, possibly borrowed from a non-Indo-European substrate.


meth

From Proto-Celtic *maketi (“to raise”), from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂ḱ- (“long, to raise”).


kila

From Middle Cornish gyle, from Proto-Brythonic *kilɨð, from Proto-Celtic *keiliyos. Compare Breton kile, Welsh cilydd.


Amerika

United States of America
United States of America#English

United States of America (a country in North America)


als

From Proto-Brythonic *alt, from Proto-Celtic *altos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eltós, from *h₂el-.
Cognate with Welsh allt, Breton aod, Irish alt, Latin altus, Old High German alt.


a

Inserted before the verb when a subject or direct object precedes the verb


a

ahanaf (first-person singular)
ahanan (first-person plural)
ahanas (second-person singular)
ahanowgh (plural second-person)
anodho (m) (singular third-person)
anedhy (f) (singular third-person)
anodhans (plural third-person)
anedha (plural third-person)

From Proto-Brythonic *o, from Proto-Celtic *ɸo, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂pó.

of (expressing separation, origin, composition/substance or a quality)

of (between a preceding large number and a following plural noun to express quantity)


Du

Du (unmutated)
Dhu (soft)
Tu
Tu (mixed)
Tu (after-th mutation-mixed)


Est

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], from Vulgar Latin agustus, from Latin augustus (compare Breton Eost, Welsh Awst).


Me

Me (unmutated)
Ve (soft)
Fe (mixed)
Ve (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Latin māius (compare Breton Mae, Welsh Mai).


avon

From Proto-Brythonic *aβon, from Proto-Celtic *abū, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep-h₃ōn-, from *h₂ep- (“body of water”). Cognate with Breton aven, Irish abha, Scottish Gaelic abhainn, and Welsh afon.


abas

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin abbās, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אַבָּא (’abbā, “father”).


abel

From Middle English able, from Old French habile


yr

From Proto-Brythonic *ir (compare Welsh ir), from Proto-Celtic *ɸūros, from Proto-Indo-European *puHrós, from Proto-Indo-European *pewH- (“to be clean, pure”). Compare Irish úr.


elin

From Proto-Brythonic *ölin, from Proto-Celtic *olīnā (“elbow; angle”), from Proto-Indo-European *Heh₃l- (“to bend”). Cognate with Welsh elin, Breton ilin, Scottish Gaelic uileann, Irish uillinn; non-Celtic cognates include Latin ulna, Ancient Greek ὠλένη (ōlénē).


bras

From Proto-Celtic *mratom. Cognate with Welsh brad and Irish brath


bras

brases (plural)
bras (unmutated)
vras (soft)
pras
fras (mixed)
vras (after-th mutation-mixed)


tir

From Proto-Brythonic *tir, from Proto-Celtic *tīros, from Proto-Indo-European *ters- (“dry”), i.e. "dry land" as opposed to lake or sea.


kesten

kestenen (singulative)
kesten (unmutated)
gesten (soft)
hesten

From Latin castanea (compare Breton kistin), from Ancient Greek κᾰ́στᾰνᾰ (kắstănă).


brows

brows (unmutated)
vrows (soft)
prows
frows (mixed)
vrows (after-th mutation-mixed)

(collective) crumbled material; mash, groundbait


kost

kostys (plural)
kost (unmutated)
gost (soft)
host


hos

From Old Cornish *hoet, from Proto-Brythonic *(s)awyetos (hence Breton houad and Welsh hwyad), from Proto-Celtic *awis (compare dialectal Irish aoi (“swan”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis (“bird”) (compare Latin avis).

duck (aquatic bird of the family Anatidae)


mans

mansyon (plural)
mans (unmutated)
vans (soft)
fans (mixed)
vans (after-th mutation-mixed)


perna

From Middle Cornish prena, from Proto-Brythonic *prɨnad, from Proto-Celtic *kʷrinati, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷrinéh₂ti ~ *kʷrinh₂énti.


ger

geryow (plural)
ger (unmutated)
er (soft)
ker
her (mixed)
her (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *gėr, from Proto-Celtic *garyos (“word, speech”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵh₂r-, zero grade of *ǵeh₂r-.
Cognate with Ancient Greek γῆρυς (gêrus, “voice, speech”), Khotanese [script needed] (ysār-, “to sing”), Latin garriō (“chatter”), Old English ċearu (“sorrow”).


forn

From Proto-Brythonic *furn, from Latin furnus. Cognate with Welsh ffwrn (“oven”).

Yma pysk y'n forn.


bros

From Old Cornish bros, of Celtic origin (compare Breton broud, Welsh brwyd). Glossed in the Vocabularium Cornicum as aculeus.


bros

head

bros (comparative brossa, superlative an brossa)

brossa (comparative)
an brossa (superlative)

From Middle Cornish bros, from Proto-Celtic *brutom, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-. Cognate with Breton broud, Welsh brwyd. Glossed in the Vocabularium Cornicum as aculeus.


bros

brosow (plural)
bros (unmutated)
vros (soft)
pros
fros (mixed)
vros (after-th mutation-mixed)


Duw

Duw (unmutated)
Dhuw (soft)
Tuw
Tuw (mixed)
Tuw (after-th mutation-mixed)

From duw. Cognate with Welsh Duw, Breton Doue, Irish Dia, Scottish Gaelic Dia, Manx Jee.


gorm

gorm (unmutated)
worm (soft)
korm
hworm (mixed)
worm (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *gurm, from Proto-Celtic *gurmos, cognate with Welsh gwrm (“brown, dark”).

gorm:


bones

Future- (indicative present)
Habitual (indicative present)
Present- (conditional)
future (conditional)
ov vy (first-person indicative present singular)
oma (first-person indicative present singular)
esof vy (first-person indicative present singular)
eroma (first-person indicative present singular)
bedhaf vy (first-person indicative singular)
en vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
esen vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
eren vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
beuv vy (first-person indicative preterite singular)
bien vy (conditional first-person indicative singular)
biv vy (first-person singular subjunctive)
byma (first-person singular subjunctive)
ben vy (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
os jy (indicative present second-person singular)
osta (indicative present second-person singular)
esos jy (indicative present second-person singular)
esta (indicative present second-person singular)
bedhyth jy (indicative second-person singular)
bedhys jy (indicative second-person singular)
es jy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
eses jy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
eres jy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
beus jy (indicative preterite second-person singular)
beusta (indicative preterite second-person singular)
bies jy (conditional indicative second-person singular)
by jy (second-person singular subjunctive)
bosta (second-person singular subjunctive)
bes jy (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
besta (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
bëdh (imperative second-person singular)
bÿdh (imperative second-person singular)
yw ev (indicative present singular third-person)
ywa (indicative present singular third-person)
yma ev (indicative present singular third-person)
usy ev (indicative present singular third-person)
eus (indicative present singular third-person)
bëdh ev (indicative singular third-person)
bÿdh ev (indicative singular third-person)
o ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
esa ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
eja ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
era ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
beu ev (indicative preterite singular third-person)
bia ev (conditional indicative singular third-person)
bo ev (singular subjunctive third-person)
be ev (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
bedhes (imperative singular third-person)
on ny (first-person indicative plural present)
eson ny (first-person indicative plural present)
eron ny (first-person indicative plural present)
bedhyn ny (first-person indicative plural)
en ny (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
esen ny (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
eren ny (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
beun ny (first-person indicative plural preterite)
bien ny (conditional first-person indicative plural)
bon ny (first-person plural subjunctive)
ben ny (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
bedhyn (first-person imperative plural)
owgh why (indicative plural present second-person)
esowgh (indicative plural present second-person)
erowgh why (indicative plural present second-person)
bedhowgh why (indicative plural second-person)
ewgh why (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
esewgh why (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
erewgh why (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
bewgh why (indicative plural preterite second-person)
biewgh why (conditional indicative plural second-person)
bowgh why (plural second-person subjunctive)
bewgh why (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
bedhowgh (imperative plural second-person)
yns y (indicative plural present third-person)
ymowns y (indicative plural present third-person)
ymôns y (indicative plural present third-person)
usons y (indicative plural present third-person)
bedhons y (indicative plural third-person)
êns y (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
esens y (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
erens y (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
bowns y (indicative plural preterite third-person)
biens y (conditional indicative plural third-person)
bowns y (plural subjunctive third-person)
bêns y (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bedhens (imperative plural third-person)
ow pos (participle present)
ow pones (participle present)
Future- (indicative present)
Habitual (indicative present)
Present- (conditional)
future (conditional)
ov vy (first-person indicative present singular)
o'ma (first-person indicative present singular)
erov vy (first-person indicative present singular)
bedhav vy (first-person indicative singular)
en vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
esen vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
beuv vy (first-person indicative preterite singular)
bien vy (conditional first-person indicative singular)
biv vy (first-person singular subjunctive)
bon vy (first-person singular subjunctive)
ben vy (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
os jy (indicative present second-person singular)
os ta (indicative present second-person singular)
eros jy (indicative present second-person singular)
es ta (indicative present second-person singular)
bedhydh jy (indicative second-person singular)
es jy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
eses jy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
beus jy (indicative preterite second-person singular)
bies jy (conditional indicative second-person singular)
bi jy (second-person singular subjunctive)
bos jy (second-person singular subjunctive)
bes jy (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
bydh (imperative second-person singular)
yw ev (indicative present singular third-person)
yma ev (indicative present singular third-person)
usi ev (indicative present singular third-person)
eus (indicative present singular third-person)
bydh ev (indicative singular third-person)
o ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
esa ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
beu ev (indicative preterite singular third-person)
bia ev (conditional indicative singular third-person)
bo ev (singular subjunctive third-person)
be ev (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
bedhes (imperative singular third-person)
on ni (first-person indicative plural present)
eron ni (first-person indicative plural present)
bedhyn ni (first-person indicative plural)
en ni (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
esen ni (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
beun ni (first-person indicative plural preterite)
bien ni (conditional first-person indicative plural)
byn ni (first-person plural subjunctive)
bon ni (first-person plural subjunctive)
ben ni (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
bedhyn (first-person imperative plural)
owgh hwi (indicative plural present second-person)
erowgh hwi (indicative plural present second-person)
bedhowgh hwi (indicative plural second-person)
ewgh hwi (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
esewgh hwi (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
bewgh hwi (indicative plural preterite second-person)
biewgh hwi (conditional indicative plural second-person)
bowgh hwi (plural second-person subjunctive)
bewgh hwi (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
bedhowgh (imperative plural second-person)
yns i (indicative plural present third-person)
ymons i (indicative plural present third-person)
usons i (indicative plural present third-person)
bedhons i (indicative plural third-person)
ens i (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
esens i (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
bons i (indicative plural preterite third-person)
biens i (conditional indicative plural third-person)
bons i (plural subjunctive third-person)
bens i (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
bedhens (imperative plural third-person)
or (indicative present)
eder (indicative present)
bedher (indicative)
os (imperfect indicative)
eses (imperfect indicative)
beus (indicative preterite)
bies (conditional indicative)
ber (subjunctive)
bes (imperfect subjunctive)
ow pos (participle present)
Verbal adjective: (not used) (participle present)


yar

From Old Cornish yar, from Proto-Celtic *yarā (compare Welsh iâr).


dorgi

From dor (“earth or ground”) and ki (“dog”).


delen

delyow (plural)
delkyow (plural)
delen (unmutated)
dhelen (soft)
telen
telen (mixed)
telen (after-th mutation-mixed)


boos

bosow (plural)
boos (unmutated)
voos (soft)
poos
foos (mixed)
voos (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *buɨd, from Proto-Celtic *beitom. Cognate with Welsh bwyd.


kans

From Proto-Brythonic *kant, from Proto-Celtic *kantom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.


ster

From Middle Cornish ster, from Old Cornish *ster, from Proto-Brythonic *ster, from Proto-Celtic *sterā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr.


kennen

kennow (plural)
kennen (unmutated)
gennen (soft)
hennen


dates

datesen (singulative)
dates (unmutated)
dhates (soft)
tates
tates (mixed)
tates (after-th mutation-mixed)


acord

(Standard Cornish, Standard Written Form) accord, agreement


rann

From Proto-Celtic *ɸrasnā. Compare Welsh rhan; Breton rann; Old Irish rann (whence Irish rann, roinn, Scottish Gaelic rann, roinn).


rath

From Latin rattus. Cognate with Breton razh.

(Revived Late Cornish)


prag

From Middle Cornish pyrag. Cognate with Breton perak


keres

From Proto-Brythonic *kėres (perhaps from a late Proto-Celtic *keresyā) borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Late Latin ceresia, from the neuter plural of ceresium, from Latin cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”). Compare Welsh ceirios, Breton kerez.


fos

From Proto-Brythonic *fos, from Latin fossa. Cognate with Welsh ffos (“ditch, moat”).


teg

From the same source as Welsh teg (“fair, pretty”).


tus

From Proto-Brythonic *tʉd, from Proto-Celtic *toutā, from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂.


-es

sygh (“dry”) + -es → syghes (“dryness”)

yagh (“healthy”) + -es → yeghes (“health”)

myrgh (“girl”) + -es → myrghes (“girls”)

mil (“animal”) + -es → miles (“animals”)

nader (“adder”) + -es → nadres (“adders”)

gwel (“sight”) + -es → gweles (“to see”)


-es

duw (“god”) + -es → duwes (“goddess”)

abas (“abbot”) + -es → abases (“abbess”)

gwarier (“actor”) + -es → gwariores (“actress”)


dorn

head

dorn m (dual dewdhorn or diwla, plural dornow)

dewdhorn (dual)
diwla (dual)
dornow (plural)
dorn (unmutated)
dhorn (soft)
torn
torn (mixed)
torn (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *durnos (compare Welsh dwrn (“fist”), Irish dorn), probably loaned from a non-Indo-European substrate language.


kil

From Middle Cornish kyl, from Old Cornish chil, from Proto-Brythonic *kil, from Proto-Celtic *kūlos. Compare Breton kil, Welsh cil.


kil

Borrowed from Old French quille. Compare Breton kilhoù.


kell

kell f (dual diwgell, plural kellow or kellyow)

diwgell (dual)
kellow (plural)
kellyow (plural)

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin cōleus (“testicle”) (compare Breton kell, Welsh caill), ultimately from Ancient Greek κολεός (koleós).


kell

kellow (plural)
kellyow (plural)
kell (unmutated)
gell (soft)
hell

From Latin cella (compare Old Irish cell).


Gwen

Gwen (unmutated)
Wen (soft)
Kwen
Hwen (mixed)
Wen (after-th mutation-mixed)


bili

bilien (singulative)
bili (unmutated)
vili (soft)
pili
fili (mixed)
vili (after-th mutation-mixed)


tesen

tesennow (plural)
tesen (unmutated)
desen (soft)
thesen


cita

citys (plural)
cita (unmutated)
gita (soft)
hita

From Middle English cite, from Old French cite, from Late Latin cīvitātem (“city”).


lym

From Proto-Brythonic, from Proto-Celtic *lim-ā- (“to sharpen”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *sley- (“smooth; slick; sticky; slimy”). Cognate with Breton lemm.


glin

dewlin (dual)
glinyow (plural)
glin (unmutated)
lin (soft)
klin

From Proto-Brythonic *glin, from Proto-Celtic *glūnos (compare Old Irish glún), dissimilated from *gnūn-, *gnūnos, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu.


pesk

puskes (plural)
pesk (unmutated)
besk (soft)
fesk


hanter

From Proto-Brythonic *hanter, from Proto-Celtic *santeros. Compare Breton hanter, Welsh hanner.


aga

Apparently cognate with Welsh eu, Irish acu.


kei

keun (plural)
kei (unmutated)
gei (soft)
hei


drog

head

drog (comparative gweth, superlative gwetha)

gweth (comparative)
gwetha (superlative)

From Proto-Brythonic *drug, from Proto-Celtic *drukos (compare Old Irish droch and Welsh drwg).


hav

From Old Cornish haf, from Proto-Brythonic *haβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *samos, from Proto-Indo-European *sm̥-h₂-ó-. Compare Welsh haf.


persil

Going back to Old French peresil, from Latin petroselīnum, from Ancient Greek πετροσέλῑνον (petrosélīnon, “parsley”, literally “stone celery”).

der

πετροσέλῑνον


prev

preves (plural)
prev (unmutated)
brev (soft)
frev

(Revived Late Cornish) Alternative form of pryv


ober

From Latin opera (“work”). Cognate with Breton ober, Irish and Scottish Gaelic obair, Manx obbyr, and Welsh gober. Doublet of opera.


ple

From py (“what”) + le (“place”) + y (“verbal particle”).


berr

From Proto-Brythonic *bɨrr, from Proto-Celtic *birros.


berr

berrow (plural)
berr (unmutated)
verr (soft)
perr
ferr (mixed)
verr (after-th mutation-mixed)


hager

From Proto-Brythonic *sacro-, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k-.


gorra

gorra (unmutated)
worra (soft)
korra
hworra (mixed)
worra (after-th mutation-mixed)


gell

gell (unmutated)
ell (soft)
kell
hell (mixed)
hell (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *gello- (“yellow”) or *gelo- (“white”) (compare Middle Welsh gell (“yellow”), Old Irish gel (“white, fair, shining”), whence Irish geal (“white, bright”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃- (“gleam, yellow”) (compare English yellow, Ancient Greek χλωρός (khlōrós, “light green”), Latin helvus (“dull yellow”), Lithuanian žalias (“green”), Persian زر (zar, “yellow”), Sanskrit हरि (hari, “greenish-yellow”), Welsh gwelw (“pale”)).

cog

gell:


gell

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.


broder

breder (plural)
broder (unmutated)
vroder (soft)
proder
froder (mixed)
vroder (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *brātīr, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr.


Gwener

Gwener (unmutated)
Wener (soft)
Kwener
Hwener (mixed)
Wener (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *gwener, from Latin Venus. Compare Breton Gwener, Welsh Gwener


kennin

keninen (singulative)
kennin (unmutated)
gennin (soft)
hennin

From kenn (“peel”) + -in. Cognate with Breton kignen.


cowan

cowannow (plural)
cowan (unmutated)
gowan (soft)
howan


feur

meur (unmutated)
veur (soft)
feur (mixed)
veur (after-th mutation-mixed)


agria

(Standard Cornish, Standard Written Form) to agree


hy

From Proto-Celtic *sī (compare Welsh hi).


hy

From Proto-Brythonic *eið, from *esyās f; compare Old Irish a (“his, her, its, their”) and अस्यास् (asyā́s, “her”).

hy has hi

(possessive) her, its (with reference to feminine nouns; triggers aspirate mutation of following consonant)


hy

My vedn hy fe hei.

Ny wonn hy hegi.

her, it (with reference to feminine nouns; as object of a verbal noun; triggers aspirate mutation of following consonant)


avalen

head

avalen f (plural avalennow or avalednow)

From Proto-Brythonic *aβaln, from Proto-Celtic *abalnā.


botas

botasen (singulative)
botas (unmutated)
votas (soft)
potas
fotas (mixed)
votas (after-th mutation-mixed)


botasen

botasennow (plural)
botasen (unmutated)
votasen (soft)
potasen
fotasen (mixed)
votasen (after-th mutation-mixed)


moos

mosow (plural)
moos (unmutated)
voos (soft)
foos (mixed)
voos (after-th mutation-mixed)


onen

From Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos. Compare Breton unan, Manx unnane.

(Standard Cornish, Standard Written Form) one


melys

melys (unmutated)
velys (soft)
felys (mixed)
velys (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *melɨs, from Proto-Celtic *melissos (“sweet”), from *meli (“honey”). Cognate with Welsh melys, Irish milis, Scottish Gaelic milis.


minen

singulative of min (“kids, young goats”)


moren

From Proto-Celtic *moreinā (compare Welsh morwyn), from Proto-Indo-European *méri̯o (“boy, girl”) (compare Latin marītus (“husband”), Ancient Greek μεῖραξ (meîrax, “boy, girl”), Sanskrit मर्य (marya, “stallion, camel; suitor, lover; (young) man; mortal”). Related to myrgh.


moren

moren (unmutated)
voren (soft)
foren (mixed)
voren (after-th mutation-mixed)


tron

tronow (plural)
tronyow (plural)
tron (unmutated)
dron (soft)
thron


fras

bras (unmutated)
vras (soft)
pras
fras (mixed)
vras (after-th mutation-mixed)


bian

From Proto-Brythonic *bɨx, from Proto-Celtic *biggos (“small”). Cognate with Breton bihan, Irish beag, Welsh bychan.


Anton

Antony, A village and civil parish in east Cornwall, England


leugh

From Proto-Brythonic *llọɨɣ, from Proto-Celtic *lāɸigos (“calf”) (compare Old Irish lóeg, Welsh llo, Breton leue), from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂p- (“cattle”).


Kernow

From Middle Cornish Kernow, from Proto-Brythonic *Körnɨw. Cognate with Breton Kernev, Welsh Cernyw.


goos

gosow (plural)
goos (unmutated)
woos (soft)
koos
hwoos (mixed)
woos (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *waytos, probably ultimately from the root of gwythi (“veins”), see that entry for cognates. Cognate with Breton gwad and Welsh gwaed.


denti

denti (unmutated)
dhenti (soft)
tenti
tenti (mixed)
tenti (after-th mutation-mixed)


loos

From Proto-Brythonic *lluɨd, from Proto-Celtic *ɸleitos.

loos:


aval

From Proto-Brythonic *aβal, from Proto-Celtic *abūl, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ébōl.


tykki

tykkiow (plural)
tykki (unmutated)
dykki (soft)
thykki


kadon

kadonyow (plural)
kadon (unmutated)
gadon (soft)
hadon

From Proto-Brythonic *kaduɨn, from Latin catēna. Compare also Welsh cadwyn and Breton chadenn.

chain (series of interconnected rings or links)


duw

duwow (plural)
duw (unmutated)
dhuw (soft)
tuw
tuw (mixed)
tuw (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *deiwos (compare Irish dia), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deywós.


ynys

From Proto-Brythonic *ɨnɨs, from Proto-Celtic *enistī.


arth

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos
Proto-Celtic *artos
Proto-Brythonic *arθ
Cornish arth
Inherited from Proto-Brythonic *arθ, from Proto-Celtic *artos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ŕ̥tḱos.


peth

From Proto-Brythonic *peθ (compare Welsh peth, Breton pezh), from Proto-Celtic *kʷezdis (compare Irish cuid).


peth

Peth yw hebma?


yn

ynnov (first-person singular)
ennam (first-person singular)
ynnon (first-person plural)
enna nei (first-person plural)
ynnos (second-person singular)
ennas (second-person singular)
ynnowgh (plural second-person)
enna hwei (plural second-person)
ynno (singular third-person)
enno (singular third-person)
etto (m) (singular third-person)
ynni (singular third-person)
enni (f) (singular third-person)
ynna (plural third-person)
et anjei (plural third-person)
ettans (plural third-person)

From Proto-Brythonic *ɨn, from Proto-Celtic *eni.


terrosa

terròsa (canonical masculine)
terròsedhow (plural)
terrosa (unmutated)
derrosa (soft)
therrosa


bucca

→ English: bucca

Possibly borrowed from Old English pūca (“demon, goblin”). Or, from Irish púca (“hobgoblin”). In either case, probably ultimately from Proto-Germanic *pūkô.


vali

Borrowed from Middle English valey, from Anglo-Norman valey.


blejan

blejyow (plural)
blejan (unmutated)
vlejan (soft)
plejan
flejan (mixed)
vlejan (after-th mutation-mixed)

[ˈblœːd͡ʒɛn]

From Proto-Celtic *blātus (“flower”) + -en (compare Welsh blodyn), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”).


steren

head

steren f (plural sterednow or sterennow)


briallen

briallennow (plural)
briallen (unmutated)
vriallen (soft)
priallen
friallen (mixed)
vriallen (after-th mutation-mixed)


chei

treven (plural)
chei (unmutated)
jei (soft)


koos

kosow (plural)
koos (unmutated)
goos (soft)
hoos

From Proto-Brythonic *koɨd, from Proto-Celtic *kaitos. Cognate with Welsh coed.


koos

From Proto-Brythonic *koɨs, from Proto-Celtic *koxsā. Cognate with Welsh coes and Irish cos.


koos

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Hard mutation of goos (“blood, bloodline”).


chy

treven (plural)
chiow (plural)
chy (unmutated)
jy (soft)

From Proto-Brythonic *tɨɣ, from Proto-Celtic *tegos, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teg-.


konna

konaow (plural)
konna (unmutated)
gonna (soft)
honna


kelli

From Old Cornish kelli, from Proto-Celtic *kallī.


konin

konines (plural)
konin (unmutated)
gonin (soft)
honin

From Old French connin, a variant of Old French conil, from Latin cunīculus, perhaps from Iberian or Celtiberian. Cognate to English cony, Irish coinín, Dutch konijn.


-ya

red- + -ya → redya (“to read”)

rewl (“rule”) + -ya → rewlya (“to rule”)

urdh (“order”) + -ya → urdhya (“to initiate”)


-ek

mor (“sea”) + -ek → morek (“maritime”)

spern (“thorn bushes”) + -ek → spernek (“thorny”)

Frynk (“France”) + -ek → frynkek (“French”)

ys (“corn”) + -ek → ysek (“abounding in corn”)

pysk (“fish”) + -ek → pyskek (“abounding in fish”)

lagas (“eye”) + -ek → lagasek (“big-eyed”)

troos (“foot”) + -ek → tròsek (“big-footed”)

skovarn (“ear”) + -ek → skovarnek (“big-eared”)

Adjectival suffix denoting prominence; "having big X"


-ek

kroghen (“skin”) + -ek → kronek (“toad”)

dren (“thorn”) + -ek → drenek (“spurdog”)


-ek

enys (“island”) + -ek → enesek (“archipelago”)

lytheren (“letter, character”) + -ek → lytherennek (“alphabet”)

pysk (“fish”) + -ek → pyskek (“fishing-ground”)

Forms feminine nouns denoting a place where something is abundant


-ek

res (“race, course”) + -ek → resek (“to run, race”)


forgi

morgi (unmutated)
vorgi (soft)
forgi (mixed)
vorgi (after-th mutation-mixed)


penn

pennow (plural)
penn (unmutated)
benn (soft)
fenn

From Middle Cornish pen, from Old Cornish pen, from Proto-Brythonic *penn, from Proto-Celtic *kʷennom.


dhe

dhybm (first-person singular)
dhymm (first-person singular)
dhèm (first-person singular)
dhyn (first-person plural)
dhis (second-person singular)
dhywgh (plural second-person)
dhodho (m) (singular third-person)
dhedhy (f) (singular third-person)
dhedhans (plural third-person)
dhodhans (plural third-person)
dhedha (plural third-person)

From Proto-Brythonic *di, from Proto-Celtic *dū, related to Breton da (“to, for”), Welsh i (“to, for”), Irish do (“to, for”).

me a vedn mɐz δa huillaz huêl δɐ îl

1707, Edward Lhuyd, “Dzhûan Tſhei An Hɐr”, in Archæologia Britannica:

Na meδ e veſter rei δem, ha me a vedn laveral δîz

No, said his boss, give [it] to me, and I will tell you

(when inflected for person) to someone, towards someone


teyr

teyr f (masculine form tri, triggers aspirate mutation)

tri (masculine)
teyr (unmutated)
deyr (soft)
theyr

From Proto-Celtic *tisres, feminine of *trīs, from Proto-Indo-European *tisres, feminine of *tréyes. Cognate with Welsh tair.


esel

From Proto-Celtic *asselī. Compare Breton ezel and Irish esel.


agas

your (belonging to you; plural or formal)


blou

blou (unmutated)
vlou (soft)
plou
flou (mixed)
vlou (after-th mutation-mixed)

blou:


tressa

tressa (unmutated)
dressa (soft)
thressa

From Middle Cornish tresse, from Proto-Brythonic *trɨdɨð, from Proto-Celtic *tritiyos. Cognate with Breton trede and Welsh trydydd.


frut

Borrowed from Middle English fruyt, from Old French fruit, from Latin frūctus. Doublet of froeth, inherited from Proto-Brythonic.


nans

From Old Cornish nans, from Proto-Brythonic *nant. Cognate with Old Breton nant and Welsh nant. Glossed in the Vocabularium Cornicum as vallis.


baya

baya (unmutated)
vaya (soft)
paya
faya (mixed)
vaya (after-th mutation-mixed)


mab

mebyon (plural)
mab (unmutated)
vab (soft)
fab (mixed)
vab (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Old Cornish mab, from Proto-Brythonic *mab, from Proto-Celtic *makʷos.


lew

From Proto-Brythonic *llew, from Latin leō.


bromin

bromin (unmutated)
vromin (soft)
promin
fromin (mixed)
vromin (after-th mutation-mixed)


gwir

From Proto-Brythonic *gwir, from Proto-Celtic *wīros, from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁ros


mether

From Old Cornish maidor. Equivalent to meth + -er


yma

From Proto-Celtic *uman, cognate with Welsh yma and Breton amañ.

third-person singular present indicative independent affirmative of bos


mamm

mammow (plural)
mamm (unmutated)
vamm (soft)
famm (mixed)
vamm (after-th mutation-mixed)


popa

popys (plural)
popa (unmutated)
bopa (soft)
fopa


gwin

From Proto-Brythonic *gwin, from late Proto-Celtic *wīnom, borrowed from Latin vīnum.


melyn

melyn (unmutated)
velyn (soft)
felyn (mixed)
velyn (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Old Cornish milin, from Proto-Brythonic *melɨn (compare Breton melen, Welsh melyn), from a derivative of Proto-Celtic *meli (“honey”) (compare Cornish mel). More at mel.

melyn:


yey

From Proto-Brythonic *jaɣ, itself from Proto-Celtic *yegis. Cognate with Irish oighear, Scottish Gaelic eigh, and Welsh iâ.


tredan

tredan (unmutated)
dredan (soft)
thredan

Calque of Welsh trydan. By surface analysis, tre- (“affirmative prefix”) + tan (“fire”).


barv

barvow (plural)
barv (unmutated)
varv (soft)
parv
farv (mixed)
varv (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *barv, from Latin barba, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰeh₂. Compare Breton barv, Welsh barf.


toos

From Proto-Brythonic *toɨs, from Proto-Celtic *taistos. Cognate with Welsh toes.


toos

tosow (plural)
toos (unmutated)
doos (soft)
thoos


EUA

Emireythow Unys Arabek
Emireythow Unys Arabek#Cornish

Initialism of Emireythow Unys Arabek (“United Arab Emirates”).


halan

Aspirate mutation of calan (“first day of the month”).


gols

gols (unmutated)
wols (soft)
kols
hwols (mixed)
wols (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Old Cornish gols, from Proto-Brythonic *gwollt, from Proto-Celtic *woltos.
Cognates
See also Welsh gwallt, Old Breton guolt, Irish folt); also English wold, Lithuanian váltis (“oat awn”), Serbo-Croatian vlȃt (“ear (of wheat)”), Ancient Greek λάσιος (lásios, “hairy”)).


bys

From Old Cornish bit, from Proto-Brythonic *bɨd, from Proto-Celtic *bitus. Cognate with Welsh byd.


bys

From Proto-Brythonic *bɨs, from Proto-Celtic *bistis. Cognate with Welsh bys.


bys

bys (unmutated)
vys (soft)
pys
fys (mixed)
vys (after-th mutation-mixed)


cath

(Standard Cornish, Standard Written Form) cat


blas

From Proto-Brythonic *blas, from Proto-Celtic *mlastos.


aral

From Proto-Brythonic *arall, from Proto-Celtic *aralyos (“other”) (compare Welsh arall, Breton arall, Irish araile), a dissimilated reduplication of *alyos (“other”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂élyos.

other (not the one previously referred to)


leth

From Middle Cornish laez, from Old Cornish lait, from Proto-Brythonic *llaɨθ, borrowed from Latin lac. Cognate with Breton laezh and Welsh llaeth.


vras

bras (unmutated)
vras (soft)
pras
fras (mixed)
vras (after-th mutation-mixed)


gallos

From Proto-Celtic *galnati (“to be able”), cognate with Breton gallout and Welsh gallu.


gallos

Pres-fut (indicative)
Pres-fut (conditional)
gallav vy (first-person indicative singular)
gyllen vy (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
gyllis vy (first-person indicative preterite singular)
galsen vy (conditional first-person indicative singular)
gylliv vy (first-person singular subjunctive)
gallen vy (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
gyllydh jy (indicative second-person singular)
gylles jy (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
gylsys jy (indicative preterite second-person singular)
galses jy (conditional indicative second-person singular)
gylli jy (second-person singular subjunctive)
galles jy (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
gyll (imperative second-person singular)
gyll ev (indicative singular third-person)
galla ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gylli ev (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
gallas ev (indicative preterite singular third-person)
galsa ev (conditional indicative singular third-person)
gallo ev (singular subjunctive third-person)
galla ev (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
galles (imperative singular third-person)
gyllyn ni (first-person indicative plural)
gyllen ni (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
gylsyn ni (first-person indicative plural preterite)
galsen ni (conditional first-person indicative plural)
gyllyn ni (first-person plural subjunctive)
gallen ni (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
gyllyn (first-person imperative plural)
gyllowgh hwi (indicative plural second-person)
gyllewgh hwi (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
gylsowgh hwi (indicative plural preterite second-person)
galsewgh hwi (conditional indicative plural second-person)
gyllowgh hwi (plural second-person subjunctive)
gallewgh hwi (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
gyllowgh (imperative plural second-person)
gyllons i (indicative plural third-person)
gyllens i (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
gallons i (indicative plural preterite third-person)
galsens i (conditional indicative plural third-person)
gallons i (plural subjunctive third-person)
gallens i (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
gallons (imperative plural third-person)
gyllir (indicative)
gylles (imperfect indicative)
gylsys (indicative preterite)
galses (conditional indicative)
gyller (subjunctive)
galles (imperfect subjunctive)
ow kallos (participle present)
Verbal adjective: none (participle present)
gallos (unmutated)
allos (soft)
kallos
hallos (mixed)
hallos (after-th mutation-mixed)


dreys

dreysen (singulative)
dreys (unmutated)
dhreys (soft)
treys
treys (mixed)
treys (after-th mutation-mixed)

Cognate with Welsh drysi, Breton drez, Irish dris.


lorgan

From loor (“moon”) + kann (“bright white”).


meur

meur (unmutated)
veur (soft)
feur (mixed)
veur (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *mọr, from Proto-Celtic *māros, from Proto-Indo-European *moh₁ros, from *meh₁-.


krogen

kregyn (plural)
krogen (unmutated)
grogen (soft)
hrogen

Uncertain. Related to Welsh cragen/crogen.


syger

From Proto-Brythonic *segʉr, from Latin sēcūrus. Doublet of sur.


syger

From sygera (“to secrete, to ooze”), from Latin sēcernō.


lyver

From Middle Cornish lyver, from Proto-Brythonic *llɨβr, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin liber, librum. Compare Breton levr, Welsh llyfr.

Na wrug avy byscath gwelas lyver Kernowak.


isotop

[ˈiːzɔˌtɔˑp]


ôn

From Proto-Celtic *ognos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʷnós (“lamb”).


hogh

From Old Cornish hoch, from Proto-Brythonic *hux, from Proto-Celtic *sukkos, from Proto-Indo-European *suh₁- (“swine”).


hogen

From the older whyogen (“baked pastry”). Compare Irish pióg (“pie”), Scottish Gaelic pioghaid.


kanel

kanelen (singulative)
kanel (unmutated)
ganel (soft)
hanel

From Middle English canel, from Old French canele, from Medieval Latin canella.


SUA

Statys Unys Amerika
Statys Unys Amerika#Cornish

USA (a country in North America); initialism of Statys Unys Amerika (“United States of America”)


sygh

From Proto-Brythonic *sɨx, from Latin siccus.


Ɐ

(obsolete) The capital form of the letter ɐ.


ẏ

An ôst an tshei ameꝺ an dzhẏi: Pe 'ntra venta guîl ᵹen an ôst antshei? ẏbma maᵹen ostez nei ha yẏꝿk eu hei: mar menta guellaz an ôst an tshei, kî ꝺa 'n ᵹeᵹen, ha enna ti an kâv.

The host of the house, said they! What wouldst thou do with the host of the house? Here is the hostess with us, and young she is: but if you will see the host of the house, go into the kitchen, and there you'll find him.

(archaic) A letter of the Cornish alphabet.


Estoni

Estonia (a country in Eastern Europe; capital and largest city: Tallinn)


Pow Sows

Pow Sows (unmutated)
Bow Sows (soft)
Fow Sows


ostel

Inherited from Middle Cornish ostel, from Middle English hostel, from Old French hostel, from Late Latin hospitāle.


diagnosa

[ˌdiəɡˈnɔzɐ]


yonkers

plural of yonker (“(male) youth, youngster”)


bleujen

head

bleujen f (plural bleujyow or bleujennow, collective bleujyow)

bleujyow (plural)
bleujennow (plural)
bleujyow (collective)
bleujen (unmutated)
vleujen (soft)
pleujen
fleujen (mixed)
vleujen (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Old Cornish blodon (blod- + -on), from Proto-Celtic *blātus (compare Welsh blodyn, Breton bleuñv), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃-.


mogh

mogh (unmutated)
vogh (soft)
fogh (mixed)
vogh (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Middle Cornish mogh, from Proto-Brythonic *mox, from Proto-Celtic *mokkus.


Pask

From Middle Cornish Pask, from Proto-Brythonic *Pask, a borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin pascha, from Ancient Greek πάσχα (páskha), from Aramaic פסחא, from Hebrew פֶּסַח (pesaḥ). Cognate with Breton Pask, Welsh Pasg, Irish Cáisc.


kath

kathes (plural)
kath (unmutated)
gath (soft)
hath

From Proto-Brythonic *kaθ, from Proto-Celtic *kattā.


frooth

From Latin fructus (“fruit, enjoyment, proceeds, profits, produce, income”), from fruor (“to have the benefit of, to use, to enjoy”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruHg- (“to make use of, to have enjoyment of”).


bugh

bughes (plural)
bugh (unmutated)
vugh (soft)
pugh
fugh (mixed)
vugh (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Middle Cornish bugh, from Old Cornish buch, from Proto-Brythonic *bʉx, from Proto-Celtic *boukkā, from *bāus (“ox”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws. Cognate with Breton buoc'h and Welsh buwch.


tarow

terewi (plural)
tarow (unmutated)
darow (soft)
tharow

From Proto-Brythonic *tarw, from Proto-Celtic *tarwos, from Proto-Indo-European *táwros.


karow

kerwys (plural)
karow (unmutated)
garow (soft)
harow

From Proto-Brythonic *karw, from Proto-Celtic *karwos, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥wós, zero grade of *ḱerwós, from *ḱer- (“horn”).

Hedhyw me a wel karow.


gwenyn

gwenyn (unmutated)
wenyn (soft)
kwenyn
hwenyn (mixed)
wenyn (after-th mutation-mixed)


gwenen

gwenenen (singulative)
gwenen (unmutated)
wenen (soft)
kwenen
hwenen (mixed)
wenen (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *wan-inyo- (compare Breton gwenan, Welsh gwenyn).


gwenenen

gwenenen (unmutated)
wenenen (soft)
kwenenen
hwenenen (mixed)
wenenen (after-th mutation-mixed)


yeth

An Yeth Kernewek yw tresor yn kolon an wonisogeth kernewek ha honanieth unnik dhe Gernow.

2019 July, Denzil Monk, Ragdres Hwithrans Darlesor Gonis Poblek Kernewek Agwedh Onan – Studhyans Arhwilas Derivas:

The Cornish language, Kernewek, is a treasure at the heart of Cornish culture and Cornwall’s unique cultural identity.


myghtern

myghternedh (plural)
myghtern (unmutated)
vyghtern (soft)
fyghtern (mixed)
vyghtern (after-th mutation-mixed)


gwynn

gwynn (unmutated)
wynn (soft)
kwynn
hwynn (mixed)
wynn (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Old Cornish guyn, from Proto-Brythonic *gwɨnn, from Proto-Celtic *windos.


gwydn

gwydn (unmutated)
wydn (soft)
kwydn
hwydn (mixed)
wydn (after-th mutation-mixed)


kastel

kastylli (plural)
kestel (plural)
kastel (unmutated)
gastel (soft)
hastel

From Proto-Brythonic *kastell, from Latin castellum. Cognate with Breton kastell and Welsh castell.


bleydh

bleydhes (plural)
bleydhas (plural)
bleydh (unmutated)
vleydh (soft)
pleydh
fleydh (mixed)
vleydh (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Old Cornish bleit, from Proto-Brythonic *blėð, from Proto-Celtic *bledyos (compare Breton bleiz, Welsh blaidd; Old Irish bled (“sea monster”) (< *bledā)).


seyth

From Proto-Brythonic *seiθ, from Proto-Celtic *sextam, from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥.


seythen

head

seythen f (plural seythennow or seythednow)


arhans

From Old Cornish argans, from Proto-Celtic *arganto- (“silver”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erg- (“to shine”).


puber

puberyow (plural)
puber (unmutated)
buber (soft)
fuber

From Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”). Cognate with Welsh pybyr and pupur.

pepper (spice made from Piperaceae berries)


rudh

From Proto-Brythonic *rrʉð, from Proto-Celtic *roudos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-.

rudh:


brogh

broghes (plural)
brogh (unmutated)
vrogh (soft)
progh
frogh (mixed)
vrogh (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Old Cornish broch, from Proto-Brythonic *brox, from Proto-Celtic *brokkos.


buwgh

Cognate with Breton buoc'h and Welsh buwch.


hyr

From Proto-Brythonic *hir, from Proto-Celtic *sīros.


ledan

From Proto-Brythonic *llɨdan, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlitanos.


knowen

(Revived Middle Cornish) singulative of know (“nuts”)


pednseythen

From pedn- (“head, top”) + seythen (“week”).


bleujenn

bleujennow (plural)
bleujenn (unmutated)
vleujenn (soft)
pleujenn
fleujenn (mixed)
vleujenn (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *blātus (“flower”) + -en (compare Welsh blodyn), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleh₃- (“blossom, flower”).


hanow

From Proto-Brythonic *anw, from Proto-Celtic *anman, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁nómn̥. Cognate with Welsh enw and Breton anv.


edhen

From Middle Cornish edhyn, from Old Cornish hethen, from Proto-Brythonic *edn, from Proto-Celtic *ɸetnos, from Proto-Indo-European *péth₂r̥.


sira-wydn

From sira (“father, sire”) + gwydn (“white”).


tasow-wydn

From tasow (“fathers”) + gwydn (“white”).


tasow-wynn

From tasow (“fathers”) + gwynn (“white”).


-ow

chi (“house”) + -ow → chiow (“houses”)

oy (“egg”) + -ow → oyow (“eggs”)

Pluralization suffix, roughly equivalent to -s


-yow

lo (“spoon”) + -yow → loyow (“spoons”)

skol (“school”) + -yow → skolyow (“schools”)


-yon

From Proto-Brythonic *-onos, *-onā. Cognate to Welsh -ion, Breton -ien.

mab (“son”) + -yon → mebyon (“sons”)

gwas (“guy”) + -yon → gwesyon (“guys”)

ganowek (“anchovy”) + -yon → ganowogyon (“anchovies”)

Noun pluralization suffix; causes vowel affection in the pluralized noun


chambour

head

chambour m (plural chambours or chambouryow)

chambours (plural)
chambouryow (plural)
chambour (unmutated)
jambour (soft)


taves

tavosow (plural)
taves (unmutated)
daves (soft)
thaves

From Proto-Celtic *tangʷāss (compare Welsh tafod, Old Irish tengae), from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.


myrgh

myrghes (plural)
myrhes (plural)
myrgh (unmutated)
vyrgh (soft)
fyrgh (mixed)
vyrgh (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *merkā (“daughter”) (compare Welsh merch, Breton merc’h).


mergh

mergh (unmutated)
vergh (soft)
fergh (mixed)
vergh (after-th mutation-mixed)


lowarn

From Old Cornish louuern, from Proto-Brythonic *llowern, from Proto-Celtic *loɸernos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl(o)p- ~ *h₂ulp- (“(red) fox”).

Lebma fo an bugel medhel, an lowarn a leha an devysyow.

Where the shepherd is slack, the fox reduces the sheep.


lyther

Me a wrug fanja gàs lyther seythen alebma.


seythennow

[səiθˈɛᵈnoʊ]


seythednow

[səiθˈɛᵈnoʊ]


alebma

Mos alebma me a vedn gwelha gallaf.


gerlyver

Compound of ger (“word”) + lyver (“book”).


gool

From Latin vigilia (“wakefulness, watch”), from vigil (“awake”), from Proto-Indo-European *weǵ- (“to be strong”).


gool

gòlyow (plural)
gool (unmutated)
wool (soft)
kool
hwool (mixed)
wool (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Latin velum (“veil, cloth”), similar to Old Irish fíal (“veil”).


golyow

plural of gool (“feast, fair; vigil, wake”)


golyow

gòlyow (canonical masculine plural)
golyow (unmutated)
wolyow (soft)
kolyow
hwolyow (mixed)
wolyow (after-th mutation-mixed)


sodhva an post

head

sodhva an post f (plural sodhvaow an post)


dowrgi

dowrgeun (plural)
dowrgi (unmutated)
dhowrgi (soft)
towrgi
towrgi (mixed)
towrgi (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *düβrgi, from Proto-Celtic *dubrokū. Equivalent to dowr (“water”) + ki (“dog”).


dowr

dowrow (plural)
dowr (unmutated)
dhowr (soft)
towr
towr (mixed)
towr (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *duβr, from Proto-Celtic *dubros, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰubʰrós.


Sadorn

From Proto-Brythonic *Sadurn, borrowed from Vulgar Latin Săturnus, from Latin Sāturnus. Compare Breton Sadorn, Welsh Sadwrn.


Alys

From Old French Alys, Alice, from Old High German Adalheidis, from Proto-Germanic *aþalaz (“noble”) + *haiduz (“character”).

a female given name, equivalent to English Alice


nessa

From Proto-Brythonic *nesaβ̃ (“nearest”), from Proto-Celtic *nessamos, superlative of *nessos.


Genver

Genver (unmutated)
Enver (soft)
Kenver
Henver (mixed)
Henver (after-th mutation-mixed)


Ebrel

From Proto-Brythonic *ėbrɨll, from Latin Aprīlis (compare Breton Ebrel, Welsh Ebrill).


lagas

From Old Cornish lagat, from Proto-Brythonic *llugad. Cognate with Breton lagad (“eye”), Welsh llygad (“eye”).


leuv

From Proto-Brythonic *llọβ̃, from Proto-Celtic *ɸlāmā, from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₂meh₂ (“palm, hand”).


dornow

dornow (unmutated)
dhornow (soft)
tornow
tornow (mixed)
tornow (after-th mutation-mixed)


dewlagas

dewlagas (unmutated)
dhewlagas (soft)
tewlagas
tewlagas (mixed)
tewlagas (after-th mutation-mixed)


Hedra

Cognate to Breton Here (“October”), Welsh Hydref (“October”), hydref (“autumn”). Equivalent to hedh (“stag”) + bryvya (“bleat”).


Metheven

Metheven (unmutated)
Vetheven (soft)
Fetheven (mixed)
Vetheven (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *medyo-samīno- (“middle of summer”) (compare Irish Meitheamh, Welsh Mehefin, Breton Mezheven).


Ebryl

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin Aprīlis (compare Breton Ebrel, Welsh Ebrill).


Meurth

Meurth (unmutated)
Veurth (soft)
Feurth (mixed)
Veurth (after-th mutation-mixed)


Hwevrel

From Latin Februārius (compare Breton C’hwevrer, Welsh Chwefror).


dillas

head

dillas m (singulative dilasen or dillasen)

dilasen (singulative)
dillasen (singulative)
dillas (unmutated)
dhillas (soft)
tillas
tillas (mixed)
tillas (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *dī- (“clothes, clothing”). Cognate with Welsh dillad, Breton dilhad.


Kevardhu

Kevardhu (unmutated)
Gevardhu (soft)
Hevardhu


gwedh

(collective) (Revived Late Cornish) trees


gwydh

From Proto-Brythonic *gwɨð, from Proto-Celtic *widus.


losow

From Proto-Celtic *lussus (“medicinal herb, vegetable”). Doublet of les. Cognate with Welsh llys


pluv

pluven (singulative)
pluv (unmutated)
bluv (soft)
fluv

From Middle Cornish pluv, from Proto-Brythonic *plʉβ̃, a borrowing from Latin plūma (“feather, plume”), from Proto-Indo-European *plewk-. Cognate with Breton pluñv, Welsh plu, pluf.


pluven

head

pluven f (plural pluvennow or pluvednow)

pluvennow (plural)
pluvednow (plural)
pluven (unmutated)
bluven (soft)
fluven


sevi

From Old Cornish syvyen, from Proto-Celtic *subi (“strawberry”).


Gwynngala

Gwynngala (unmutated)
Wynngala (soft)
Kwynngala
Hwynngala (mixed)
Wynngala (after-th mutation-mixed)

From gwynn (“white”) + kala (“straw”), cognate with Breton Gwengolo.


Gwydngala

[ˌɡwɪdnˈɡælɐ]


bronnen

brònnen (canonical feminine)
brònennow (plural)
bronnen (unmutated)
vronnen (soft)
pronnen
fronnen (mixed)
vronnen (after-th mutation-mixed)


kador

kadoryow (plural)
kador (unmutated)
gador (soft)
hador

From Proto-Brythonic [Term?], borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin cathedra, ultimately from Ancient Greek καθέδρα (kathédra, “chair of a teacher, throne”). Compare Welsh cadair.


ergh

From Proto-Brythonic *ėrɣ (“snow”). Compare Breton erc'h and Welsh eira.


gwragh

gwraghes (plural)
gwragh (unmutated)
wragh (soft)
kwragh
hwragh (mixed)
wragh (after-th mutation-mixed)

→ English: wrasse

From Proto-Celtic *wrakkā, possibly from a feminine derivative of Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós (“husband, man”); compare *wiros. Cognate with Breton gwrac'h, Welsh gwrach.


morthol

mortholow (plural)
morthol (unmutated)
vorthol (soft)
forthol (mixed)
vorthol (after-th mutation-mixed)


ysel

Cognate with Breton izel, Welsh isel, and Old Irish ísel.


davas

deves (plural)
devysyow (plural)
davas (unmutated)
dhavas (soft)
tavas
tavas (mixed)
tavas (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *daβ̃ad, from Proto-Celtic *dametos.


karrek

kerrek (plural)
karrygi (plural)
karrek (unmutated)
garrek (soft)
harrek

From Proto-Brythonic *karreg, from Proto-Celtic *karrikā, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂er- (“hard”). Cognate with Welsh carreg, Breton karreg, and Middle Irish carrac.


ha'n

an vebyon ha'n vowesi


glaw

From Proto-Brythonic *glaw. Related to Breton glav (“rain”).


kow

From Proto-Brythonic *kaw, from Proto-Celtic *kawyos. Cognate with Welsh cau.


kow

kowyow (plural)
kow (unmutated)
gow (soft)
how


bronn

head

bronn f (dual diwvron or dywvron, plural bronnow)

diwvron (dual)
dywvron (dual)
bronnow (plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *bronnā (compare Breton bronn, Welsh bron), from Proto-Celtic *brusnā (compare Irish broinn (“womb”)), from *brusū (“belly”) (gen. *brusnos). More at bru.


bronn

brònn (canonical masculine)
brònnen (singulative)
bronn (unmutated)
vronn (soft)
pronn
fronn (mixed)
vronn (after-th mutation-mixed)


sall

From Latin sal, from Proto-Italic *sāls, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂ls.


rew

From Proto-Celtic *ɸreswos, from Proto-Indo-European *prews-. Cognate with Breton rev and Welsh rhew.


byw

byw (unmutated)
vyw (soft)
pyw
fyw (mixed)
vyw (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *bɨw, from Proto-Celtic *biwos, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós, from *gʷeyh₃- (“to live”). Cognate with Breton bev and Welsh byw.


golan

golanes (plural)
golan (unmutated)
wolan (soft)
kolan
hwolan (mixed)
wolan (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Old Cornish guilan, from Proto-Brythonic *gwuɨlann, from Proto-Celtic *wēlannā (compare Welsh gwylan, Breton gouelan, Irish faoileán).


abostol

abostol m (plural abesteli, collective abesteleth)

abesteli (plural)
abesteleth (collective)

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin apostolus, from Ancient Greek ἀπόστολος (apóstolos, “one sent forth, apostle”).


ᵹ

(archaic) A letter of the Cornish alphabet


benenes

benenes (unmutated)
venenes (soft)
penenes
fenenes (mixed)
venenes (after-th mutation-mixed)


kommol

head

kommol m (singulative komolen or kommolenn)

komolen (singulative)
kommolenn (singulative)

From Proto-Brythonic *kuml, borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin cumulus.


bregh

bregh f (dual diwvregh or dywvregh, plural brehow)

diwvregh (dual)
dywvregh (dual)
brehow (plural)
bregh (unmutated)
vregh (soft)
pregh
fregh (mixed)
vregh (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Middle Cornish bregh, from Old Cornish brech, from Proto-Brythonic *brėx, a borrowing from Latin bracchium, from Ancient Greek βραχίων (brakhíōn), from βραχύς (brakhús, “short”). Cognate with Breton brec'h, Welsh braich.


kolen

From Old Cornish coloin, from Proto-Brythonic *koluɨn, from Proto-Celtic *kolignos.


brys

From Proto-Brythonic *brɨd from Proto-Celtic *britis


statys

plural of stat (“state, situation, estate”)


kig

kigyow (plural)
kig (unmutated)
gig (soft)
hig

From Old Cornish cic, from Proto-Brythonic *kig (“meat”), from Proto-Celtic *kīkos (“breast”); compare Welsh cig (“meat”), Old Irish cích (“breast”).


nerth

From Middle Cornish nerth, from Proto-Brythonic *nerθ, from Proto-Celtic *nertom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ner-to- (“virile, strong”), a derivative of *h₂nḗr (“man; vital energy”). Cognate with Breton nerzh, Welsh nerth and Irish neart.


golvan

golvanes (plural)
golvan (unmutated)
wolvan (soft)
kolvan
hwolvan (mixed)
wolvan (after-th mutation-mixed)

Possibly from Proto-Brythonic *gulbi̯o- (“sharp point”), referring to the beak. Cognate with Breton golvan, Irish gealbhan, Manx gialloon, Scottish Gaelic gealbhonn, and Welsh golfan.


prena

Pres-fut (indicative)
Pres-fut (conditional)
prenav (first-person indicative singular)
prenen (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
prenis (first-person indicative preterite singular)
prensen (conditional first-person indicative singular)
prenniv (first-person singular subjunctive)
prennen (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
prenydh (indicative second-person singular)
prenes (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
prensys (indicative preterite second-person singular)
prenses (conditional indicative second-person singular)
prenni (second-person singular subjunctive)
prennes (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pren (imperative second-person singular)
pren (indicative singular third-person)
prena (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
prenas (indicative preterite singular third-person)
prensa (conditional indicative singular third-person)
prenno (singular subjunctive third-person)
prenna (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
prenes (imperative singular third-person)
prenyn (first-person indicative plural)
prenen (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
prensyn (first-person indicative plural preterite)
prensen (conditional first-person indicative plural)
prennyn (first-person plural subjunctive)
prennen (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
prenyn (first-person imperative plural)
prenowgh (indicative plural second-person)
prenewgh (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
prensowgh (indicative plural preterite second-person)
prensewgh (conditional indicative plural second-person)
prennowgh (plural second-person subjunctive)
prennewgh (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
prenewgh (imperative plural second-person)
prenons (indicative plural third-person)
prenens (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
prensons (indicative plural preterite third-person)
prensens (conditional indicative plural third-person)
prennons (plural subjunctive third-person)
prennens (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
prenens (imperative plural third-person)
prenir (indicative)
prenys (imperfect indicative)
prenas (indicative preterite)
prensys (conditional indicative)
prenner (subjunctive)
prennys (imperfect subjunctive)
ow prena (participle present)
Verbal adjective: prenys (participle present)

From Middle Cornish prena, from Proto-Brythonic *prɨnad, from Proto-Celtic *kʷrināti, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷrinéh₂ti ~ *kʷrinh₂énti.


kanelen

kanelennow (plural)
kanel (plural)
kanelen (unmutated)
ganelen (soft)
hanelen


koll

kollen (singulative)
koll (unmutated)
goll (soft)
holl


kollen

kollennow (plural)
kollen (unmutated)
gollen (soft)
hollen


pysk

puskes (plural)
pùscas (plural)
pysk (unmutated)
bysk (soft)
fysk

From Middle Cornish pysk, from Old Cornish pisc, from Proto-Brythonic *pɨsk, a borrowing from Latin piscis. Compare Breton pesk, and the related Welsh pysgod.


onan

From Proto-Celtic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos. Compare Breton unan, Manx unnane.


peswar

peder (feminine)
peswar (unmutated)
beswar (soft)
feswar

From Proto-Brythonic *pedwar, from Proto-Celtic *kʷetwores, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwóres.


pymp

From Proto-Brythonic *pɨmp, from Proto-Celtic *kʷenkʷe, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.


dewdhek

dewdhek (unmutated)
dhewdhek (soft)
tewdhek
tewdhek (mixed)
tewdhek (after-th mutation-mixed)


rudhvelyn

rudhvelyn:


gwynnrudh

gwynnrudh (unmutated)
wynnrudh (soft)
kwynnrudh
hwynnrudh (mixed)
wynnrudh (after-th mutation-mixed)

gwynnrudh:


gwyrdh

gwyrdh (unmutated)
wyrdh (soft)
kwyrdh
hwyrdh (mixed)
wyrdh (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Middle Cornish gwirdh, from Old Cornish guirt, from Proto-Brythonic *gwɨrð, a borrowing from Vulgar Latin virdis, from Latin viridis (“green”).

gwyrdh:


purpur

From Proto-Brythonic *porfor, from Latin purpura (“purple”).

purpur:


dyskador

dyskadoryon (plural)
dyskador (unmutated)
dhyskador (soft)
tyskador
tyskador (mixed)
tyskador (after-th mutation-mixed)


dyskadores

dyskadoresow (plural)
dyskadores (unmutated)
dhyskadores (soft)
tyskadores
tyskadores (mixed)
tyskadores (after-th mutation-mixed)


peswardhek

peswardhek (unmutated)
beswardhek (soft)
feswardhek


pymthek

pymthek (unmutated)
bymthek (soft)
fymthek


jynn-amontya

head

jynn-amontya m (plural jynnys-amontya or jynnow-amontya)

jynnys-amontya (plural)
jynnow-amontya (plural)


bord gwynn

bord gwynn (unmutated)
vord gwynn (soft)
pord gwynn
ford gwynn (mixed)
vord gwynn (after-th mutation-mixed)


klock

klockow (plural)
klockys (plural)
klock (unmutated)
glock (soft)
hlock


kales

From Proto-Celtic *kaletos (compare Welsh caled, Breton kalet, Middle Irish calath, calad), from Proto-Indo-European *kal- (“hard”). See Latin callum (“a hard substance”).


gow

gowyow (plural)
gow (unmutated)
wow (soft)
kow
hwow (mixed)
wow (after-th mutation-mixed)


dre

From Proto-Brythonic *truɨ, from Proto-Celtic *trei, from Proto-Indo-European *terh₂-.


gwer

From Middle Cornish gwer, ultimately from Proto-Brythonic *gwɨrð, a borrowing from Vulgar Latin virdis, from Latin viridis (“green”).

gwer:


gwer

gour (singulative)
gwer (unmutated)
wer (soft)
kwer
hwer (mixed)
wer (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Brythonic *gwur, from Proto-Celtic *wiros.


brynk

brynken (singulative)
brynk (unmutated)
vrynk (soft)
prynk
frynk (mixed)
vrynk (after-th mutation-mixed)


brynken

brynkennow (plural)
brynken (unmutated)
vrynken (soft)
prynken
frynken (mixed)
vrynken (after-th mutation-mixed)


moryon

moryonen (singulative)
moryon (unmutated)
voryon (soft)
foryon (mixed)
voryon (after-th mutation-mixed)

From Proto-Celtic *morwis, from Proto-Indo-European *morwi-. Compare Breton merien, Old Irish moirb.


moryonen

moryonennow (plural)
moryonen (unmutated)
voryonen (soft)
foryonen (mixed)
voryonen (after-th mutation-mixed)

singulative of moryon (“ants; tourists”)


brykedh

brykedhen (singulative)
brykedh (unmutated)
vrykedh (soft)
prykedh
frykedh (mixed)
vrykedh (after-th mutation-mixed)


brykedhen

brykedhennow (plural)
brykedhen (unmutated)
vrykedhen (soft)
prykedhen
frykedhen (mixed)
vrykedhen (after-th mutation-mixed)


mor du

moren dhu (singulative)
mor du (unmutated)
vor du (soft)
for du (mixed)
vor du (after-th mutation-mixed)


dreysen

dreysen f (plural dreysennow or dreysednow)

dreysennow (plural)
dreysednow (plural)
dreysen (unmutated)
dhreysen (soft)
treysen
treysen (mixed)
treysen (after-th mutation-mixed)


moren dhu

moren du (unmutated)
voren du (soft)
foren du (mixed)
voren du (after-th mutation-mixed)


keunegen

keunegen f (plural keunegennow or keunegednow)

keunegennow (plural)
keunegednow (plural)


keunegednow

(Revived Late Cornish) plural of keunegen (“bog”)


spethas

From Proto-Celtic *skʷiyat (“hawthorn”), from Proto-Indo-European *skw-oy-eh₂, from *ksu-, from *kes-. See also Breton spezad, English surname Skeen.


banadhel

banadhlen (singulative)
banadhel (unmutated)
vanadhel (soft)
panadhel
fanadhel (mixed)
vanadhel (after-th mutation-mixed)


banadhlen

banadhlennow (plural)
banadhlen (unmutated)
vanadhlen (soft)
panadhlen
fanadhlen (mixed)
vanadhlen (after-th mutation-mixed)


asklos

asklòs (canonical masculine)
asklòsen (singulative)

From Proto-Brythonic *asklọd, compare Welsh sglodyn.


asklosen

asklòsen (canonical feminine)
asklòsennow (plural)

singulative of asklòs (“chips; splinters”)


dilasen

dilasennow (plural)
dilasen (unmutated)
dhilasen (soft)
tilasen
tilasen (mixed)
tilasen (after-th mutation-mixed)

singulative of dillas (“clothes, clothing”)


kobmol

(Standard Written Form, Revived Late Cornish) clouds


kelyon garan

kelyon garan f (singulative kelyonen aran)


kelyonen aran

singulative of kelyon garan (“craneflies”)


buluk

bulugen (singulative)
buluk (unmutated)
vuluk (soft)
puluk
fuluk (mixed)
vuluk (after-th mutation-mixed)


bulugen

bulugen (unmutated)
vulugen (soft)
pulugen
fulugen (mixed)
vulugen (after-th mutation-mixed)


botas palvek

botas palvek f (singulative botasen balvek)

botasen balvek (singulative)
botas palvek (unmutated)
votas palvek (soft)
potas palvek
fotas palvek (mixed)
votas palvek (after-th mutation-mixed)


botasen balvek

botasen palvek (unmutated)
votasen palvek (soft)
potasen palvek
fotasen palvek (mixed)
votasen palvek (after-th mutation-mixed)

singulative of botas palvek (“flippers”)


kelyon

kelyonen (singulative)
kelyon (unmutated)
gelyon (soft)
helyon

From Proto-Celtic *kulis (compare Welsh cylion, Breton kelien, Irish cuil), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱuH-ló- (compare Latin culex (“gnat”), Old Armenian սլաք (slakʻ, “roasting spit”).


kelyon kig

head

kelyon kig f pl (singulative kelyonen gig)


kelyonen gig

singulative of kelyon kig (“bluebottles”)


ewyn

From Proto-Brythonic *öwɨn; compare Welsh ewyn, Middle Breton eon and Breton ewon. Furthermore from Proto-Celtic *ɸowino- (or possibly *ɸousino- < from PIE *pew(H)- ); compare Middle Irish úan (“foam”), and Modern Irish uan (variants obhan, odhan and othan which all reflect the early Old Irish pronunciation of uan as a disyllabic word before loss of hiatus original caused by loss of *w).


eythin

From Proto-Celtic *axtīnā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ-stí-, enlargement of *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”). Compare Welsh eithin, Breton bezhin, and Irish aiteann


kelyon margh

kelyon margh f (singulative kelyonen vargh)