ahtlatl

According to Andrews (2003), ah- ("not") + tlatl ("strip of cloth"), i.e. "a non-sling".

an atlatl, a spearthrower; a combined spearthrower and spear / dart


puñal

Borrowed from Spanish puñal, from Vulgar Latin *pūgnālis, based on Latin pūgnus (“fist”). Or a shortening of older cuchillo (“knife”) puñal, deriving from the above word and meaning as big as a fist. Compare Portuguese punhal, Catalan punyal, Italian pugnale, French poignard.

Puñal arma vſada.lo miſmo. vel,tepuz teixiliuani.

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca vn vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana, f. 205r:

A dagger, a widely used weapon. the same, or tepuz teixiliuani.

Puñal,arma vſada. lo meſmo. vel. tepuzteixiliuani.

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 100r. col. 1:

A dagger, a widely used weapon. the same, or tepuzteixiliuani.


cacalotl

Central Huasteca Nahuatl: kakalotl

Central Nahuatl: cacalotl

Highland Puebla Nahuatl: kakalot

Morelos Nahuatl: kakalotl

Tetelcingo Nahuatl: cöcölutl

Zacatlán-Ahuacatlán-Tepetzintla Nahuatl: cacalotl


tlequiquiztli

Artilleria tiros. tlequiquiztli.

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca vn vocabulario en la lengua Castellana y Mexicana:


itztli

1547, Andrés de Olmos, Arte para aprender la lengua mexicana, ed. by Rémi Siméon (1875)

Ytztli, navaja de piedra, nitz, vel nitzhui

ximanilli in aitztli [sic; error for itztli?] nian huetztoc, ica xinechmitzminilli, ihuan xinechmoyezatliti.

1912, Isabel Castañeda Ramirez, Tèhuehuentzin ihuan tochtli, ed. and tr. by Franz Boas and Herman K. Haeberlin; in "Ten Folktales in Modern Nahuatl", The Journal of American Folklore, vol. 37 (1924), p. 346

Take this obsidian knife and wound me with it and drink my blood.
(please add an English translation of this quotation)


mitl

Karttunen likens it with mīna, mīni (“to prick, pierce”).

Frecha o flecha. mitl.tlacochtli.
(Arrow. mitl.tlacochtli.)

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca vn vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana, f. 126v:

mitl. saeta o flecha.
(mitl. an arrow or dart.)

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 57r. col. 1:


tepozmitl

From tepoztli (“metal”) + mītl (“arrow”).


chimalli

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca vn vocabulario enla lengua Castellana y Mexicana, f. 7r
Adarga o rodela. chimalli.

ibid., f. 113r.
Eſcudo. chimalli.quauhchimalli.


tecpatl

Equivalent to tetl "stone" + *icpatl "top" (compare icpactli "top", icpalli "high-backed seat") according to Andrews (2003).

16th c., Codex Magliabechiano, represented by a stylized flint knife.
çe tec patl. ques vna piedra. de pedernal a figura de hierro cõ que ellos sacrificauã

ce tecpatl'. that is to say, a piece of flint shaped like a knife which they used in sacrifice.

(it is) the eighteenth day sign of the Aztec tōnalpōhualli, represented by a stylized, red and white lanceolate flint knife.


huehuetl

Can comoni, con comoni, huehuetl

2019, “Itlach In Mictlantecuhtli”, performed by Cemican:


matlequiquiztli

From maitl (“hand”) + tlequiquiztli (“firearm”).

compound

Arcabuz o eſcopeta matlequiqztli [sic].


tepoztopilli

From tepoztli (“metal”) + tōpīlli (“rod, staff”).

Lança. tepuztopilli.

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca vn vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana, f. 152v:

Lança. tepuztopilli.

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 76v. col. 2:

Idem, f. 104v. col. 1.
Tepuztopilli.lança o venablo de montero.
Tepuztopilli. a lance or a huntsman's javelin.


maccuahuitl

head

maccuahuitl (inanimate, plural macuahuimeh)

From māc (“in the hand”) + cuahuitl (“wood”).

A macuahuitl; a macana; a sword or club of wood with obsidian blades.


tepozmaccuahuitl

Eſpada. tepuzmacquauitl.

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca un vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana, f. 114v:

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

1640–41: Bartolomé de Alva (trans.), The Animal Prophet and the Fortunate Patricide, f. 22v. ymeço yc ticàaltiz yn tepozmāhquahuitl (You will bathe the sword with their blood.)


tepozmaccuahuitl yacapitzahuac

Eſtoque. tepuzmacquauitl yacamimiltic. tepuzmacquauitl yacapitzauac.

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca vn vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana:


tlequiquiztlalli

From tlequiquiztli (“firearm, gun”) + tlālli (“earth, soil”).

compound

Poluora. tlequiquiztlalli.

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca un vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana, f. 198v:


tzonhuaztli

Lazo. tzouaztli.

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca un vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana, f. 153r:

Juh qujtoaia, ca iehoatl itlatzintil, ytlanextil, qujnexti, qujteittiti in matlatl, yn atlatl, yn mjnacachalli, yn avictli, tzonvaztli.

16C: Bernardino de Sahagún, Florentine Codex, book 1

(They said that he invented, he revealed, the net, the atlatl, the trident, the pole for properlling boats, the bird snare—these were his innovations, his inventions.)


gadana

Borrowed from Spanish catana, from Japanese 刀 (katana).

oncan quitecatihui ce gadana tepoztli yuhqui yn imespada ypã ponhui
(there they place a katana of metal, which counts as their sword)


mecahuehuetl

From mecatl (“cord”) + huēhuētl (“drum”).

Laud inſtrumento muſico. mecaueuetl.
(Lute, musical instrument. mecaueuetl.)

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca un vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana, f. 152v:

mecaueuetl. viguela, o harpa.
(mecaueuetl. a vihuela or harp.)

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 55r. col. 1:


tepoztzotzopaztli

tepoztli (“metal”) + tzotzopaztli (“weaver's reed”)

1640–41: Bartolomé de Alva (trans.), The Animal Prophet and the Fortunate Patricide, f. 32. Ca yehuatl in yn notepoztzotzopatz [sic] yn ye ypal monemītia yc onicmomāquīxtillì (This is my metal weaver's reed by whose grace he lives and with which I saved him.)


tlequiquiztlaltema

tlequiquiztlalli (“gunpowder”) + tema (“fill”)

Cargar arcabuz. ni,tlequiquiztlaltema. [sic]

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca un vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana, f. 44v:

(transitive) To charge (a gun) with powder.


tlatlequiquiztlaltentli

From tlequiquiztlāltēma "to charge with powder".

Cargado arcabuz. tlatlequiquiztlaltentli.


maquauhtopilli

auh yn ipillohuan yn ytiacahuan çeçeyaca yuh mochichihuaya mochintin chichiquiltopilli maquauhtopilli yn quitquitinemia huexotzinca ypã moquixtitinenca

(And as for his nobles and captains, each one was adorned the same way. They all carried harpoon staffs, macana staffs. They looked like Huexotzinca)


chichiquiltopilli

chichiquilli (“harpoon”) + topilli (“staff”)


tepuztopilhuia

Alancear con lança. nite,ixili.nite,tepuztopilhuia.

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca un vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana, f. 245v:

(transitive) To lance; pierce with a lance.


chilmolcaxitl

From chīlmōlli (“sauce, stew with chili”) + caxitl (“bowl, basin”).

Chilmulcaxitl. eſcudilla de guiſado, o potaje de / chilli.

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 21r. col. 1:

Chilmulcaxitl. a bowl for stew, or potage containing chili.

A stew pot, a container for serving stew.


manamictli

mānāmictli (canonical)
mānāmictin (absolutive plural)

From māitl (“hand”) + nāmictli (“spouse”).


chiquihuitl

Spanish: chiquihuite, chiquigüite

chiquiuitl. cesto, o canasta.

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 21v. col. 1:


zoyachiquihuitl

From zōyātl (“palm tree”) + chiquihuitl (“basket”).

zoyachiquiuitl. espuerta hecha de hojas de palmas.

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 56r. col. 1:

(zoyachiquiuitl. basket made from palm leaves.)


comalli

Central Nahuatl: comalli

Central Huasteca Nahuatl: komali

Eastern Huasteca Nahuatl: komalli

Mexican Spanish: comal

coamalli. comal adonde cuezen tortillas de maiz etc. o el bazo
(comalli. griddle where they cook maize tortillas, etc. or the spleen)

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 24r. col. 2:

A disk-shaped griddle placed over fire to cook tortillas.


zoyatanahtli

From zōyātl (“palm tree”) + tānahtli (“palm-leaf basket”).

çoyatanatli . eſpuerta de palmas .
(çoyatanatli. a palm-leaf basket.)

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 25r. col. 1:


yaotlatquitl

From yāōtl (“enemy”) + tlatquitl (“goods, possessions”).

Yaotlatquitl. armas para la guerra,
(Yaotlatquitl. weapons for war.)

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 31v. col. 1:


yaotlatquichihchihua

yāōtlatquichihchīhua (canonical)
yaotlatquichihchiuh (preterite)

From yāōtlatquitl (“weapons”) + chihchīhua (“to craft, fashion”).

Yaotlatquichichiua. ni. hazer armas para ſolda-
-dos.
(Yaotlatquichichiua. to make weapons for soldiers.)

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 31r. col. 2:


matepoztli

Açuela tlaximaloni.matepuztli.

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca vn vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana, f. 7r:

Açuela. tlaximaloni. matepuztli.

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 4r. col. 1:

Idem, f. 52v. col. 2.
Matepuztli. açuela.
Matepuztli. an adze.

an adze or a similar axelike tool used to shape or cut wood


campana yollohtli

From Spanish campana (“bell”) + yōllohtli (“heart”).

af

Badajo de campana. campana yollotli.

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca vn vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana, f. 30v:

Badajo de campana. campana yollotli.

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 18r. col. 1:

Idem, f. 12r. col. 2.
Campana yollotli . badajo de campana.
Campana yollotli. a bell clapper.


tetzilacatl

percussion instrument
percussion instrument

A ceremonial percussion instrument of Aztec origin; consisting of a concave copper tray suspended from a rope, which is struck with a small, metal mallet or with the hand.


tecomatl

tetl (counter)
-tecon (possessive radical)

Spanish: tecomate

A sliced gourd or calabash used as a container for liquids.


tlamatzohualcaxitl

From tlamātzohualli (“folded or prepared tortilla”) + caxitl (“bowl, dish”).

compound

Eſcudilla de tortillas calientes. tlamatzoualcaxitl.

1555, Alonso de Molina, Aqui comienca vn vocabulario en la lengua castellana y mexicana, f. 113v:

A bowl for warm tortillas. tlamatzoualcaxitl.

Tlamatzoalcaxitl . eſcodilla grande de tortillas dobladas o plegadas.

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 126r. col. 2:

Tlamatzoalcaxitl . a large bowl of folded or folded-up tortillas.

a large bowl used for serving folded, heated or otherwise prepared tortillas.


teponaztli

teponāztli (canonical inanimate)
teponāztli (plural)

Tepunaztli. cierto palo hueco que tañen y hazen ſon cõel quando bailan o cantan.

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, f. 103v. col. 1:

Tepunaztli. a certain hollow stick that they play and make sounds with it when they sing or dance.

(it is) a slit drum; a hollow percussion instrument


tlapitzalli

From tla- + pītza (“to blow on”) + -lli.


cuauhchiquihuitl

head

cuauhchiquihuitl inan (plural cuauhchiquihuitl)

[kʷáʍt͡ʃiˈkíwit͡ɬ]

From cuahuitl (“wood”) + chiquihuitl (“a wicker basket”).

compound

Quauhchiquiuitl. chiquiuitl de tablas.

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, pt 1, f. 86v. col. 1:

Quauhchiquiuitl. a basket of wooden boards.


teahpaztli

From tetl (“stone”) + ahpaztli (“an earthen basin”).

Teapaztli. pila de piedra, o coſa ſemejante.

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, pt 2, f. 55v. col. 2:

Teapaztli. a stone basin, or something similar to it.


necuatequilizteahpaztli

head

necuātēquilizteahpaztli inan (plural necuātēquilizteahpaztli)

necuātēquilizteahpaztli (canonical inanimate)
necuātēquilizteahpaztli (plural)

From necuātēquiliztli (“baptism”) + teahpaztli (“a stone basin”).

compound

Pila de baptizar. nequa atequilizteapaztli.

1571, Alonso de Molina, Vocabulario en lengua castellana y mexicana y mexicana y castellana, pt 1, f. 96r. col. 1:

A baptismal font. nequa atequilizteapaztli.


cuezcomatl

Spanish: coscomate

a large earthen vessel used to store grain


teponaztzatzaztli

head

teponāztzatzaztli inan (plural teponāztzatzaztli)

teponāztzatzaztli (canonical inanimate)
teponāztzatzaztli (plural)

From teponāztli (“drum”) + tzatzaztli (“support”).