ba

From Middle High German wā, from Old High German wār, hwār, from Proto-West Germanic *hwār, from Proto-Germanic *hwar (“where”). Cognate with German wo, English where.

Ba pisto gabéest in gantzen tag?


ba

Ba khalt!

(Sette Comuni, attributive only) how (modifier used to express surprise, delight, etc.)


bull

head

bull (comparative péssor, superlative dar péste)

péssor (comparative)
dar péste (superlative)

Iime bull hölfasto, miar net, sbaar?

He's helping you well, but not me, right?


et

From Middle High German iezuo, ieze, iezō, from Old High German iozou, perhaps from Proto-Germanic *juta. Cognate with German itzo (modern jetzt), English yet.

Et lóofet dar hunt et dar haazo.


bo

Bo lebetar?


au

The sense “north” may be reinforced by or a semantic loan from Venetan: vago su a Trénto (“I go north to Trento”, literally “I go up to Trento”).

au un abe

Au in de pèrghe machelts khalt

Ich ghéa au kan Triin.


bia

From Middle High German wie. Cognate with German wie; see there for more.

Bia hòosentza d'ôarn khindar?

(literally, “How are your children called?”)

(Sette Comuni, Luserna, interrogative) how


da

Cognate with German da; see there for more.

bèar khimmet bor hia un bèar ghéet bor da


aus

From Middle High German ūʒ, from Old High German ūʒ, from Proto-Germanic *ūt. Cognate with German aus, English out. The sense “west” may be reinforced by or a semantic loan from Venetan: vago fora a Verona (“I go west to Verona”, literally “I go out to Verona”).

khéeran aus

aus néntalan

Ich ghéa aus kan Bèarn.


inn

From Middle High German in, from Old High German in, from Proto-Germanic *in. Cognate with German in, English in.
The sense “east” may be reinforced by or a semantic loan from Venetan: vago dentro a Axiago (“I go east to Asiago”, literally “I go inward to Asiago”).

Ich ghéa inn ka Sléeghe.


å

From Middle High German an, ane, from Old High German ana, from Proto-Germanic *ana (“on, onto”). Cognate with German an, English on.


boll

From Middle High German wol, wole, from Old High German wola, from Proto-Germanic *wela. Cognate with German wohl, Dutch wel, English well, Icelandic vel.


aan

From Middle High German an, ane, from Old High German ana, from Proto-West Germanic *ana, from Proto-Germanic *ana (“on, onto”). Cognate with German an, English on.


abe

The sense “south” may be reinforced by or a semantic loan from Venetan: vago zò a Roma (“I go south to Rome”, literally “I go down to Rome”).

Ich ghéa abe kan Ròome.


benn

From Middle High German wenne, wanne, from Old High German hwenne, hwanne, from Proto-West Germanic *hwannā, from *hwan, from Proto-Germanic *hwan (“when”). Cognate with German wenn, wann, English when. Doublet of ben (conjunction), from the same Middle High German source.

Benn rifta dar bus?


haint

From Middle High German *heinaht, from Old High German hīnaht (“tonight”), from hī (“this”, from Proto-Germanic *hiz) + naht (“night”). Cognate with obsolete German heint, heinacht (“tonight”), Bavarian heint (“today”).


hia

From Middle High German hie, from Old High German hia, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr, from Proto-Germanic *hē₂r. Cognate with German hie. Doublet of hèar.

Ail hia nagane miar.

Bon hia un da.


kaum

From Middle High German kūme, from Old High German kūmo, from Proto-Germanic *kūmaz, *kūmijaz (“weak, pitiful, frail”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewH- (“to call, cry”). Cognate with German kaum, also English comely.

der

Ar is gabéest hia kaum hòite mòrgande.


gearn

From Middle High German gerne, from Old High German gerno, from Proto-West Germanic *gernō, from Proto-Germanic *gernô (“willingly, eagerly”). Cognate with German gern.

inh

Gearn zo khennade.


vort

From Middle High German vort, from Old High German forth, from Proto-Germanic *furþą (“forward”). Cognate with German fort, English forth.


nó

From Middle High German noch, from Old High German noh, from Proto-Germanic *nuh (“now and; yet, still”). Cognate with German noch.

Balz tondart in aprìle soinda nó hintar noün tang bintar.

When it thunders in April, there is still nine more days of winter.

(Luserna) still, yet (up to and including a given time)


siar

From Middle High German schier, from Old High German skiaro (“fast, immediately”), from Proto-Germanic *skēro, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *skey- (“to split”), or according to Kluge from *skīriz (“pure, clear”). Cognate with German schier.

der

'Z ist siar sait so imbaisan.

Friedrich Kluge
John Francis Davis
Nicoline van der Sijs


kaif

Ar is kaif lustig.


auz

From Middle High German ūȥ, from Old High German ūȥ, from Proto-Germanic *ūt. Cognate with German aus, English out.


vèrre

From Middle High German verre, from Old High German ferro, from Proto-Germanic *ferrai (“far, distant”). Cognate with Dutch ver, English far, Icelandic fjarri.


aitel

Ditzan blòas ist aitel slambritz.


abar

khèmman abar


ambìdar

Pisto ambìdar hia?


andarstba

As dar net gaballet hia, gasin andarstba.

If you don't like it here, go elsewhere.


andarstbìa

"Bilmar bóol," hat khöt dar óone son dar Italien, "andarstbìa ich sèrradar aus 's hèertze."

"Love me," the man said to Italy, "or else I'll rip your heart out."


amèerstenaan

am- + èerstenaan. Compare German am ersten.


aufar

ail aufar hia


ammìndor

am- + mindor (“less”). Compare German am mindestens.

Ammìndor zé habent an haus.


ammèarst

am- + èarst (“first”). Compare German am ersten.

Ammèarst Gott dar Hèere hat gamacht in mann, denne 's baip.

First the Lord made man, and then woman.


asàbasen

Asàbasen khemment ausar de bludarmoize.


ammelésten

am- + lésten (“last”). Compare German am letzten.

Ammeléste isse khèmmet.


azò

From Middle High German alsō, from Old High German alsō (“quite like that”), from al + sō. Cognate with German also; compare also English also.

inh

Du pist an brömadar bomme lante, azò khòas khénnet dich.

You are a stranger here, so nobody knows you.

De töarst net prèchtan azò.

Tüa azò bia ich.


ambrùmme

Ambrùmme ghéesto sobuuse?

Ambrùmme pinnich saldo ane bèltze?


bannont

Bon bannont khimmasto?

(Sette Comuni, interrogative) dative of ba (“where”)


bénne

From Middle High German wenne, wanne, from Old High German hwenne, hwanne, from Proto-West Germanic *hwannā, from *hwan, from Proto-Germanic *hwan (“when”). Cognate with German wenn, wann, English when.

Bénne khimmasto so bènnamich?


bidar

From Middle High German wider, from Old High German widar, from Proto-Germanic *wiþer (“against”). Cognate with German wider, wieder, English wither.

bor un bidar

Haüt moche bidar gian vort.


umme

From Middle High German umbe, from Old High German umbi, from Proto-Germanic *umbi. Cognate with German um, Dutch om, English umb, Icelandic um.

khèeran umme


bon dèmme

(Mezzaselva) Alternative form of von dèmme


òch

From Middle High German ouch, from Old High German ouh, from Proto-Germanic *auk. Cognate with German auch, Dutch ook, English eke, Icelandic og.

Du òch khimmest?


zobia

azò (“therefore, so”) + bia (“how”). Compare German sowie.

Zèinan bagalot zobia an òa.


innont

Bénne 's règhent stéetzich innont.


borambral

Au in balt binnetzich hòltz borambral.


ausont

Bénne 's machet barm stéetzich ausont.


denàus

Ghèstan pinnich gabéest aus kan Bèarn; denàus machets barm.

Yesterday I went to Verona; out there it is very hot.

Denàus kan Bèarn habantza guutan bain.


denùmme

Ich pin gabéest umme kan Mattièllarn; denùmme zèintza darnaach èssan.
I was near Mattièllar; they are eating near there.


denàu

Au in de pèrghe machelts khalt; denàu ista nòch snèa.

It's cold in the mountains; there's still snow up there.

Denàu söbarst me pèrghe habar gazècht bille gòose.

Up there in the mountains we saw ibexes.


denübar

Hòite pinnich gabéest übar fan Ròan; denübar ista och 's Komaun Haus.

Today I was in Canove; the town hall is over there.


deniidar

iidar in prönnen; deniidar is bòlla bassar

down in the well; there is a lot of water down there


denìnn

Ghéebar inn kor Baan; denìnn habentza an gròosen plàtzen.

Let's go to Roana; there is a big square there.

Denìnn kor Baan péetentza mèront dan kan 'Toballe.
In Roana they pray more than in Mezzaselva.


iidar

iidar in prönnen

lassan iidar


au un abar

au un abar bòr de prukken


péste

From Middle High German bezzist, from Old High German bezzisto, from Proto-Germanic *batistaz (“GLOSS”). Cognate with German beste, English best.


bóol

head

bóol (comparative péssor, superlative dar péste)

From Middle High German wol, wole, from Old High German wola (“well”). Cognate with German wohl, English well.

an èrbot bóol gatant


darnaach

From Middle High German dar nāch, from Old High German dara nāh. Cognate with German darnach (modern danach).

Du khimmest darnaach main.

Ich pin darnaach ghéenan so misse.

Ich pin gabéest darnaach sraiban.

Forms the past and present continuous tense, with zèinan (“to be”):


alles aname stròoche

(Sette Comuni, set phrase) all of a sudden


ammèerstenaan

Ammèerstenaan ista gabéest de tünkhale, denne is khèmmet 's liicht.

In the beginning, there was darkness, and then there was light.


anlòan

From Middle High German alein, from al (“all”) + ein (“one”). Cognate with German allein; compare also Dutch alleen, English alone, Swedish allena.

gasin anlòan

an glèzale anlòan


biibel

Biivel böole ich bildar!


bóarnaus

(Mezzaselva) Alternative form of vóarnaus


bóar saiten

(Mezzaselva) Alternative form of vóar saiten


bon bassame

(Mezzaselva) Alternative form of von bassame


bòrbart

(Mezzaselva) Alternative form of vòrvart


bóranbral

Gott dar Hèere is bóranbral.


bòrgastan

(Mezzaselva) Alternative form of vòrgastan


borhèar

(Mezzaselva) Alternative form of vorhèar


bornàus

(Mezzaselva) Alternative form of vornàus


bozùntar

From late Middle High German besunder, equivalent to bo- + zuntar (“separate, alone”). Cognate with German besondere (“particular, special”, adjective).

cog

Mann un baip, habanten gazèrghet, machent s'èssan bozùntar.

The husband and wife, having quarreled, are making food separately.

Spaar un lég bozùntar bor in réeghentag.

Save it and set it aside for a rainy day.


brüubel

(Mezzaselva) Alternative form of vrüubel


budar

Gasin budar!


darbàil

From Middle High German der wīle(n) (literally “for the while”), equivalent to dar + bail. Cognate with German derweil.

inh

Darbàil khömmar bas de bissest.

(Sette Comuni) meanwhile, in the meantime


darmiite

From Middle High German dā mit(e), from Old High German dār mit(e) (literally “there with”). Cognate with German damit, Swedish därmed.

Met zòbel bètze, bas tüusto darmiite?
All that money–what do you do with it?


darùmp

From Middle High German dā(r) umbe, from Old High German dār umbi (literally “by there”). Cognate with German darum, Dutch daarom, Swedish därom. Doublet of darùmme (“about”).

Darùmp, liibata, ba ghéebar haint?

So, darling, where are we going tonight?


darsùa

Darsùa hattarmar khöt.


denaabe

Hoite pinnich gabéest abe ka Slait, denaabe règhents.

Today I was down south in Schio; it rained down there.


dèllont

Ich pin gant übar dèllont so khóofan an öoba.

I went over to the other side [of the valley] to buy a sheep.

(by extension) to the other side, on the other side


darùmme

From Middle High German dā(r) umbe, from Old High German dār umbi (literally “by there”). Cognate with German darum, Dutch daarom, Swedish därom. Doublet of darùmp (“therefore, so”).

Ar hammar gaprèchet darùmme dar zain töchtare.


denaan

Denaan machatnz' au an nòjen stall.

(Sette Comuni) there (over there, but nearby)


dénne

From Middle High German den(ne), from Old High German denne, from Proto-Germanic *þan (“then, at that time”). Cognate with German denn, English then. Doublet of dan.

Dénne habentza khöt.

Dénne khimmich.

Dénne tüut bia ar bélt.


dèrdar

Dèrdar hanich khòone.


dorfòttamen

D'èrbata 'me balle zeint saldo in dorfòttamen.

Loggers are always wearing long sleeves.


drinn

From a contraction of Middle High German dār in, from Old High German dār in. Compare German drin.

Manzich net lèmman ausar bas is net drinn.

You can't take something out that's not inside.


ébazog

Habatar nia galét aan de pruuch ébazog? Ich bulle.

Have you ever worn your pants inside out? I have.


éeben

From Middle High German eben, from Old High German eban, from Proto-West Germanic *ebn, from Proto-Germanic *ebnaz (“even, level”). Cognate with German eben, English even. Doublet of ébane (adjective).

Éeben du khlaaghest.

Éeben an de khös gòilnten, klóobadar net.

Even if you say it while crying, I'll still not believe you.


èerzing

Halt dich èerzing.

Ar ist bolaibet èerzing bon jungame.

He has been falling behind since childhood.

ghèban èerzing


éntor

Dòi diirna, éntor dan mègalan, is gamacht móniga.

The girl, instead of getting married, became a nun.


bor ezèmpien

(Mezzaselva) Alternative form of vor ezèmpien


fassìn-fassòn

De khindar habent gahòifet au 's holtz fassìn-fassòn.

The children piled up the wood haphazardly.

(Sette Comuni) haphazardly, willy-nilly, every which way


gerècht

From Middle High German gereht, from Old High German gireht, from Proto-Germanic *garehtaz (“just, fair”). Cognate with German gerecht.

Guttanacht måmma, schlaf gerècht.


mòrng

From Middle High German morgen, from Old High German morgan, from Proto-West Germanic *morgin, from Proto-Germanic *murginaz (“morning, tomorrow”). Cognate with German morgen, English morrow.

Bar sengaz mòrng vrüa.


häut

From Middle High German hiute, from Old High German hiutu, a contraction of earlier *hiu tagu, from Proto-West Germanic *hiu dagu, from . Cognate with German heute.


gestarn

From Middle High German gestern, from Old High German gesteron, from Proto-Germanic *gestra-, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰǵʰyésteros (“yesterday”). Cognate with German gestern, English yester(day).


nètt

From Middle High German niht (“not”), from Old High German niwiht, from nio (“never”) + wiht (“being, creature”), the last from Proto-Germanic *wihtą.
Cognate with German nicht (dialectal net), English not. Doublet of nèt...nèt (“neither...nor”).

In sunta iz vairta un biar arbatn nètt.


hoint

From Middle High German *heinaht, from Old High German hīnaht (“tonight”), from hī (“this”, from Proto-Germanic *hiz) + naht (“night”). Cognate with obsolete German heint, heinacht (“tonight”), Bavarian heint (“today”).

Bia lestode å hoint?


sichar

From Middle High German sicher, from Old High German sichur, from Proto-West Germanic *sikur, from Latin sēcūrus (“worryless; carefree; secure”). Cognate with German sicher, English sicker.


azó

From Middle High German alsō, from Old High German alsō (“quite like that”), from al + sō. Cognate with German also; compare also English also.


darnå

From Middle High German dar nāch, from Old High German dara nāh. Cognate with German darnach (modern danach).


übarmòrng

From Middle High German ubermorgen, from Old High German ubarmorgen, equivalent to übar + mòrng. Cognate with German übermorgen, English overmorrow.


gajaardot

haban ghèssach gajaardot


ghenùg

From Middle High German genuoc, from Old High German ginuog, from Proto-Germanic *ganōgaz (“enough, sufficient”). Cognate with German genug, English enough.

inh

De bètze anlòan zeint nìa ghenùg.


haanos

Dar snea haltet haanos.

(Sette Comuni, of snow) Having an icy crust that is strong enough to support a person's weight.


haintenacht

haint (“this evening”) + nacht (“night”). haint itself is from a contracted form of Old High German hīnaht (“this night”).


hòite

hòite pa taaghe

hòite mòrgande


hèar

From Middle High German hier, from Old High German hier, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr, from Proto-Germanic *hē₂r. Cognate with German hier. Doublet of hia.

Du khimmest hèar bon dar khérchen un ich ghèa órch hèmmest.

You are coming here from the church and I am going there now.


hèftig

From Middle High German heftec, from Old High German heiftig. Cognate with German heftig (“fierce, heavy, severe, violent”), which see for more.

cog

Z'ist hèftig söon.


héntenèerzing

Habanten net dabàite so khèeran umme, ìzar gant héntenèerzing.

Having no room to turn around, he went backwards.


hénten

From Middle High German hinden, from Old High German hintana. Cognate with German hinten.

Dar sòttate ist bolàibet hénten.

De khindar braan, de gròosen hénten.

Children in the front, adults in the back.


hillont

Hillont un dèllont 'me taale.

On this side and on the other side of the valley.


hôar

From Middle High German hiure, from Old High German hiuro, hiuri, from hiu (“this”) + jāru (“year”). Cognate with German heuer.

Hôar billich sràiban éppasen


intéent

Ich hanze gazècht intéent.

(Sette Comuni) just now; just a moment ago


instéet

Compare English instead, German anstatt.

Ar hötte gahàt so mègalan dòi, instéet hàttar gamèghelt d'àndar.

He was supposted to marry this woman; instead he married the other.


inzòart

Inzòart dar bèlte manzich net ghéenan, habanten de bèlt khòas óart.

You can't go to the ends of the earth, because the earth has no end.

(Sette Comuni) at the bottom; in the back; at the end


jüsto

Ultimately from Latin iūstus (“just, righteous”), perhaps via Venetan justo, xusto.

Ze zeint jüsto khènt.


kamasaabasen

Kamasaabasen is alles tunkhel.

(Sette Comuni) to the west, in the west, westward


kastàu

Pisto noch kastàu?

(Sette Comuni) upright, vertical, standing


aràn

From Middle High German her an. Cognate with German heran.

ghéenan aràn


aràbe

From Middle High German her abe. Cognate with German herab.

ghéenan aràbe


vèart

From Middle High German vert, from Old High German [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *ferudi (“last year”). Cognate with Alemannic German fëret, obsolete German fert.

Vèart pinnich gabéest an jaar jüngor dan hôar.

Last year I was a year younger than this year.


vésten

Derived from Middle High German vest, from Old High German festi (“firm”).

Ande net stéest vésten jukhadar.


biivel

Biivel böole ich bildar!


vóar saiten

'S khint ist gabüurtet vóar saiten.


vóar

From Middle High German vor, from Old High German fora (“before, against”), from Proto-West Germanic *forē, from Proto-Germanic *furai (“before, in front of”). Cognate with German vor, English fore.

inh

Ich pin khèmmet vóar.

vóar allame

first of all (literally, “before everything”)


vóarnaus

gasìn vóarnaus


von dèmme

Ich pin müude, von dèmme rastich.

Ze hat gabist dat èar ist gabéest ane bètze, von dèmme hatzen galasset.

She knew that he had no money, so she left him.


von bassame

Von bassame ghéesto sovuuse?

Von bassame hasto gatant des?


vòrgastan

vòr- + gastan. Compare German vorgestern.

day before yesterday
day before yesterday


vorhèar

Equivalent to vor- + hèar. Compare German vorher (“beforehand, in advance”).

cog

'Z ist vorhèar sait ghéenan slaafan


vraan

Equivalent to vòr- + an or vóar + an. Cognate with German voran, Old English foran, Old Saxon forana.

Gott dar Hèere ist vraan allen.

òondar vraan dar andar hénten

Dar alte mann hatzich gabèrmet vraan 'me vôore.

The old man warmed himself opposite the fire.


vörran

(Sette Comuni) Alternative form of vraan


vrüubel

Contraction of vòr (“for”) + üubel (“evil”).


vüar

From Middle High German vür, from Old High German furi (“before, for”), from Proto-West Germanic *furi, from Proto-Germanic *furi (“for, before, forward”). Cognate with German für, English for.

inh

Ghéebar vüar.

saldo vüar

vüar un èerzing