сарӑ

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сарӑ • (sară)

Borrowed from Tatar сары (sarı, “yellow”). The native word from the same root is шурӑ (šură, “white”).


иккӗмӗш

иккӗмӗш • (ikkĕmĕš)

From иккӗ (ikkĕ, “two”) + -мӗш (-mĕš, “ordinal suffix”), compare Bulgar [script needed] (ekiş), [script needed] (ikişi, “second”).
Cognate with Khalaj əkkiminci, Turkish ikinci, Uzbek ikkinchi, Bashkir икенсе (ikense) and Yakut иккис (ikkis).


виҫҫӗмӗш

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виҫҫӗмӗш • (viśśĕmĕš)

From виҫҫӗ (viśśĕ, “three”) + -мӗш (-mĕš, “ordinal suffix”), compare Bulgar [script needed] (wecim, “third”).
Cognate with Khalaj ü̂çminci, Turkish üçüncü, Uzbek uchinchi, Bashkir өсөнсө (ösönsö) and Yakut үһүс (ühüs).

suf

Вӑл килйышри виҫҫӗмӗш ывӑл.


тӑваттӑмӗш

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тӑваттӑмӗш • (tăvattămĕš)

From тӑваттӑ (tăvattă, “four”) + -мӗш (-mĕš, “ordinal suffix”), compare Bulgar [script needed] (tüwetim, “fourth”).
Cognate with Khalaj tö̂rtminci, Turkish dördüncü, Uzbek toʻrtinchi, Bashkir дүртенсе (dürtense) and Yakut төрдүс (tördüs).

cog

тӑваттӑмӗш бригада


пиллӗкмӗш

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пиллӗкмӗш • (pillĕkmĕš)

From пиллӗк (pillĕk, “five”) + -мӗш (-mĕš, “ordinal suffix”), compare Bulgar [script needed] (biyelim), [script needed] (béş), [script needed] (bélinc), [script needed] (bélinci, “fifth”).
Cognate with Khalaj bêşminci, Turkish beşinci, Uzbek beshinchi, Bashkir бишенсе (bişense) and Yakut бэһис (behis).

suf

пиллӗкмӗш пайӗ


улттӑмӗш

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улттӑмӗш • (ulttămĕš)

From улттӑ (ulttă, “six”) + -мӗш (-mĕš, “ordinal suffix”), compare Bulgar [script needed] (altış), [script needed] (altışi, “sixth”).
Cognate with Khalaj altamıncı, Turkish altıncı, Uzbek oltinchi, Bashkir алтынсы (altınsı) and Yakut алтыс (altıs).


ҫиччӗмӗш

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ҫиччӗмӗш • (śiččĕmĕš)

From ҫиччӗ (śiččĕ, “seven”) + -мӗш (-mĕš, “ordinal suffix”), compare Bulgar [script needed] (ciyetiş, “seventh”).
Cognate with Khalaj yîettiminci, Turkish yedinci, Uzbek yettinchi, Bashkir етенсе (yetense) and Yakut сэттис (settis).


саккӑрмӗш

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саккӑрмӗш • (sakkărmĕš)

From саккӑр (sakkăr, “eight”) + -мӗш (-mĕš, “ordinal suffix”).
Cognate with Khalaj səkkizminci, Turkish sekizinci, Uzbek sakkizinchi, Bashkir һигеҙенсе (higeźense) and Yakut ахсыс (aqsıs).


тӑххӑрмӗш

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тӑххӑрмӗш • (tăhhărmĕš)

From тӑххӑр (tăhhăr, “nine”) + -мӗш (-mĕš, “ordinal suffix”).
Cognate with Khalaj toqquzmıncı, Turkish dokuzuncu, Uzbek toʻqqizinchi, Bashkir туғыҙынсы (tuğıźınsı) and Yakut тохсус (toqsus).

cog

Bashkir туғыҙынсы (tuğıźınsı)


вуннӑмӗш

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вуннӑмӗш • (vunnămĕš)

From вуннӑ (vunnă, “ten”) + -мӗш (-mĕš, “ordinal suffix”), compare Bulgar [script needed] (wânım, “tenth”).
Cognate with Khalaj ônminci, Turkish onuncu, Uzbek oʻninchi, Bashkir унынсы (unınsı) and Yakut онус (onus).


аван

Uncertain however there are a few theories:
# According to Yegorov borrowed from Persian آبادان (âbâdân), compare Uyghur [script needed] (obdan, “good”).
# According to Fedotov borrowed from Arabic أَمَان (ʔamān, “safety, peace”).
# Yegorov and Fedotov also suggests it may be derived from Proto-Turkic *ab-, the root of *abïn- (“to console oneself”) and *abït- (“to console”), compare Old Turkic [script needed] (abïnïq, “consolation”), Khakas абыт- (abıt-, “to lull, to spend time”) and Turkish avunmak (“to cope”).
# EDAL accepts Turkish evet as a cognate and reconstructs a hypothetical Proto-Turkic *ebe-, however such a root is unattested and is not reconstructed outside of EDAL.

cog

аван ҫын

аван мар ӗҫ

пит аван

аван сасӑ


шурӑ

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шурӑ • (šură)

From Proto-Turkic *sārïg (“yellow, white”). Compare Turkish sarı (“yellow”). Doublet of сарӑ (sară, “yellow, blond”).


ҫур

Form Proto-Turkic *yār-. Cognate with Turkish yarmak.

ҫур ҫул


тӗрӗк

тӗрӗк • (tĕrĕk)

Learned borrowing from Turkish. Cognate with Old Turkic 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (t²ür²k̥) and Hungarian török.


тулли

Related to Turkish dolu, from Old Turkic tolu.


сӑрӑ

сӑрӑ • (sără)


кайӑк

кайӑк • (kajăk)

→ Eastern Mari: кайык (kajyk)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kẹyik (“wild animal”).
Cognate with Turkish geyik, Uzbek kiyik and Khakas киик (kiik).


хӑрӑк

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хӑрӑк • (hărăk)

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *kūr-ïk, *kūr-ïgak (“dry”). Cognate with Azerbaijani quru.

old, dilapidated, shabby, ramshackle, decrepit, rickety


таркӑн

таркӑн • (tark̬ăn)

From Chuvash тар (tar, “to run away”) + -кӑн (-kăn).


чухӑн

чухӑн • (čuh̬ăn)

From either a derivation of Proto-Turkic *yōk (“there is not”), whence ҫук (śuk) and чух (čuh, “mediocre, unimportant”); or inherited from Proto-Turkic *čï̄gań (“poor”).

чухӑн хресчен


сывӑ

сывӑ • (syvă)

Ultimately from Proto-Turkic *sag (“healthy”). Cognate with Azerbaijani sağ etc.

сывӑ ҫын

сывӑ шӑл

вӑл сывӑ мар


ҫӗнӗ

ҫӗнӗ • (śĕnĕ)


вӗчӗ

вӗчӗ • (vĕč̬ĕ)


хӗрлӗ

хӗрлӗ • (hĕrlĕ)


тӑкӑс

тӑкӑс • (tăk̬ăs)

From Tatar тыгыз (tığız). Doublet of тӑвӑр (tăvăr).


тӑвӑр

тӑвӑр • (tăvăr)

From Proto-Turkic *tïgïŕ. Doublet of тӑкӑс (tăk̬ăs).


тӳрӗ

тӳрӗ • (türĕ)

тӳрĕ дополнени

тӳрĕ пуплев

сăмахăн тӳрĕ пĕлтерĕшĕ


хӑмӑр

хӑмӑр • (hămăr)

(dialectal, of weather) cloudy, gray, gloomy


кӑвак

кӑвак • (kăvak)


кирлӗ

кирлӗ • (kirlĕ)


кичем

кичем • (kič̬em)


йӑваш

йӑваш • (jăvaš)


ирӗклӗ

ирӗклӗ • (irĕklĕ)

ирӗклӗ ҫӗршыв


ирӗк

ирӗк • (irĕk)

From Proto-Turkic *erk (“authority; free will, independence”). Cognate with Bashkir and Tatar ирек (irek, “freedom, liberty”), Turkish erk (“power, force”), etc.


ирӗксӗр

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ирӗксӗр • (irĕksĕr)


сивӗ

сивӗ • (sivĕ)


ытлашши

ытлашши • (ytlašši)


вӗри

вӗри • (vĕri)


авалхи

авалхи • (avalh̬i)


ҫук

From Proto-Turkic *yōk (“no; is not, there is not”). Cognate with Turkish yok (“there is not, no”).


йывӑр

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йывӑр • (jyvăr)


пысӑк

пысӑк • (pys̬ăk)


мӑнӑ

мӑнӑ • (mănă)


вӑрӑм

вӑрӑм • (vărăm)

From Proto-Turkic *uŕïn. Cognate to Turkish uzun.

long (having much distance from one terminating point on an object or an area to another terminating point)


инҫе

инҫе • (inś̬e)


начар

начар • (nač̬ar)

From Persian ناچار (nâčâr, “miserable”). Compare Kazakh нашар (naşar), Kyrgyz начар (nacar), etc.


япӑх

япӑх • (jap̬ăh)

Derived from Proto-Turkic *yab- (“unattested verb denoting negativity”).


лайӑх

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лайӑх • (lajăh)


усал

усал • (us̬al)


хупӑ

хупӑ • (hup̬ă)

хупӑ сыпӑк

хупӑ сасӑ

covered, sheltered, with a roof, with an awning


симӗс

симӗс • (simĕs)

From an Iranian source, compare Persian سبز (sabz, “green”).

(figurative) young, green, inexperienced


ешӗл

ешӗл • (eš̬ĕl)

From Proto-Turkic *yāĺïl (“green”). Cognate with Turkish yeşil (“green”).


ӑшӑ

ӑшӑ • (ăš̬ă)


ҫӗрӗк

ҫӗрӗк • (śĕrĕk)


сулахай

сулахай • (sulah̬aj)


сылтӑм

сылтӑм • (sylt̬ăm)


ҫӳхе

ҫӳхе • (śüh̬e)


ҫинҫе

ҫинҫе • (śinś̬e)


ансӑр

ансӑр • (ans̬ăr)


анлӑ

анлӑ • (anlă)


сарлака

сарлака • (sarlak̬a)


кӗске

кӗске • (kĕske)


пӗчӗк

пӗчӗк • (pĕč̬ĕk)


хулӑн

хулӑн • (hulăn)

deep (low in frequency or pitch) (of a sound or voice)


уҫӑ

уҫӑ • (uś̬ă)


тӗрӗс

тӗрӗс • (tĕrĕs)


типӗ

типӗ • (tip̬ĕ)

withered, stale (not fresh and soft anymore)


ҫывӑх

ҫывӑх • (śyvăh)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *yaguk (“close”), equivalent to an unattested ҫывӑ (śyvă, "to come close") + -к (-k).
Cognate with Turkish yavuklu (“fiancee”).


катари

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катари • (kat̬ari)


инҫетри

инҫетри • (inś̬etri)


сӑтӑр

сӑтӑр • (săt̬ăr)


ватӑ

ватӑ • (vat̬ă)

ватӑ асанне

ватӑ асатте

ватӑ кукамай

ватӑ кукаҫей


кивӗ

кивӗ • (kivĕ)


шӑхӑр

шӑхӑр • (šăh̬ăr)


ӑмӑр

ӑмӑр • (ămăr)

From Proto-Turkic *amïr (“gentle, quiet”). Cognate with Tuvan амыр (amır).

quiet and warm (about the weather after rain)


ҫӑп-ҫӑмӑл

ҫӑп-ҫӑмӑл • (śăp-śămăl)

From ҫӑмӑл (śămăl, “lightweight”). Cognate with Kazakh жеп-жеңіл (jep-jeñıl).


ҫӗп-ҫӗнӗ

ҫӗп-ҫӗнӗ • (śĕp-śĕnĕ)

From ҫӗнӗ (śĕnĕ). Cognate with Turkish yepyeni.


уксах

From Proto-Turkic *agsa- (“to hobble”).
Cognate with Turkish aksak, Bashkir аҡһаҡ (aqhaq), Tatar аксак (aqsaq), Kazakh ақсақ (aqsaq), Kyrgyz аксак (aksak), Southern Altai аксак (aksak), etc.


кӗҫӗн

кӗҫӗн • (kĕś̬ĕn)

From Volga Bulgar كجن (“kiçin”), ultimately from Proto-Bulgar *kičin. Compare Hungarian kicsiny.


аваллӑх

аваллӑх • (avallăh)

аваллӑх йӑлисем


авӑк

авӑк • (avăk)


авӑк

авӑк • (avăk)

авӑк куҫхарши

авӑк патак


авӑк

авӑк • (avăk)

авӑк ҫил


авӑнчӑк

авӑнчӑк • (avănč̬ăk)


ҫамрӑк

ҫамрӑк • (śamrăk)

Uncertain. Loaned into Hungarian gyermek (“child”) through Old Bulgar. Cognate with Proto-Mongolic *jermegei (“young man”), itself probably borrowed from a Turkic source.
A hypothetical Proto-Turkic *yermek ~ *yermük can be reconstructed, however there are seemingly no Common Turkic cognates. Róna-Tas also suggests a connection with Proto-Turkic *yabrïg (“child of an animal”), whence ҫӑвӑр (śăvăr).,


тутӑ

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тутӑ • (tut̬ă)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *tātïg (“taste”). Cognate with Turkish tat, Uzbek tot, Bashkir тат (tat), Old Uyghur tʾtyx (tatïɣ).


сухӑр

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сухӑр • (suh̬ăr)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *sakïŕ (“gum, resin”). Cognate with Turkish sakız, Uzbek saqich, Bashkir һағыҙ (hağıź) and Yakut ыас (ıas).


пӗрмӗш

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пӗрмӗш or пӗрремӗш • (pĕrmĕš or pĕrremĕš)

пӗрмӗш (canonical)
пӗрремӗш (canonical)
pĕrmĕš (romanization)
pĕrremĕš (romanization)

From пӗр (pĕr, “one”) + -мӗш (-mĕš, “ordinal suffix”), compare Bulgar [script needed] (bîrim), [script needed] (birinc, “first”).
Cognate with Turkish birinci, Uzbek birinchi, Bashkir беренсе (berense) and Yakut биирис (biiris).


кӑвар

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кӑвар • (kăvar)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kȫŕ (“glowing coals”).
Cognate with Azerbaijani köz, Turkish köz and Turkmen köz.


хӗрхи

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хӗрхи • (hĕrh̬i)

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kïrguy (“sparrow-hawk”).
Compare with Hungarian karvaly, a Bulgar borrowing.


хӳхӗм

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хӳхӗм • (hüh̬ĕm)

Ultimately borrowed from Middle Mongol ᠭᠠᠶᠢᠬᠠᠮᠠ (ɣayiqam-a, “to astonished”) (cf. Mongolian гайхам (gajxam, “amazing”), via a Kipchak language. Róna-Tas instead suggested that it may ultimately be from Middle Mongol ᠭᠣᠶᠤᠬᠠᠨ (ɣoyuqan, “beautiful”) (cf. Mongolian гоёхон (gojoxon, “beautiful”) noting phonological problems with the previous proposal, however Poppe rejects this on the basis of attestation. Jegorov suggests that it may be inheritance from Proto-Turkic *körk (“beauty”) (cf. Turkish görkem (“splendor”)), however Poppe notes that the phonology does not line up; see also кӗрнек (kĕrnek, “beauty”) from курӑн (kurăn, “to appear”).

noncog

хӳхӗм чечексем

хӳхӗм тапак


сайӑ

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сайӑ • (sajă)

Ultimately from Middle Mongol ᠰᠠᠶᠢᠨ (sayin, “good, well, fine”) via a Turkic language. Compare Ottoman Turkish [script needed] (say, “pure”) and Kyrgyz сай (say, “outstanding”).


айван

Etymology tree
Arabic حَيَوَان (ḥayawān)bor.
Classical Persian حَیْوَان (haywān)bor.
Chuvash айван (ajvan)
Borrowed from Classical Persian حَیْوَان (haywān), borrowed from Arabic حَيَوَان (ḥayawān).


кӑтра

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кӑтра • (kătra)