世

* Pictogram (象形) – three leaves on a branch. The derivative 葉 (OC *hljeb, *leb) refers to the original word.
* Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): Triplication of 十 (“ten”) - thirty, such as a variant form 丗. Thirty years make one generation (thirty times twelve months gives 360 months). Compare 廿 (OC *njɯb, “id-2”).
世 (OC *hljebs) is derived from iterative devoicing of 葉 (OC *leb, “leaf”) + *-s suffix, meaning successive foliages of a tree > generations. Compare Tibetan ལོ་མ (lo ma, “leaf”), Western Tibetan ལོབ་མ (lob ma, “leaf”) and Tibetan ལོ (lo, “year”).

全新世 ― quánxīnshì ― holocene


信

Sino-Xenic (信):
* → Vietnamese: tín (信)

→ Vietnamese: tin

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) and
phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljins): phonetic 人 (OC *njin, “person”) + semantic 言 (“word”).
Schuessler (2007) reconstructs the Old Chinese minimally as *sin and suggests possible derivation from 允 (OC *winʔ, “to trust; to be true”).
Alternatively, Sagart and Baxter (2012) reconstruct *s-niŋ-s (*s-ni[ŋ]-s in Baxter and Sagart, 2014) and suggest a derivation from 仁 (OC *niŋ, “kind”) with the prefix *s-, probably used to increase its valency.

Han compound

(mineralogy) Short for 信石 (xìnshí, “arsenolite”).


代

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (代):
* → Japanese: 代(だい) (dai)
* → Korean: 대(代) (dae)
* → Vietnamese: đại (代)

→ Vietnamese: đời (𠁀)

Second round of simplified Chinese characters

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *l'ɯːɡs): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 弋 (OC *lɯɡ)
;state's name → toponym
Most of the people with this surname in Mainland China were originally with the surname 戴 (Dài) and was a result of second-round simplification of Chinese characters.

Han compound

(historical geography) Short for 代國／代国 (Dàiguó, “state of Dai”).


埤

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *be): semantic 土 (“dirt”) + phonetic 卑 (OC *pe)

埤頭

埤头

(geography) water reservoir used in irrigation


岬

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraːb): semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 甲 (OC *kraːb).


期

Characters in the same phonetic series (其) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ): phonetic 其 (OC *kɯ, *ɡɯ) + semantic 月 (“moon”) – changing moon marks the passage of time, hence a period of time. In the original version, there was a sun 日 instead of the moon, hence the original version is 㫷 (with variant 𣇳).
Cognate with 其 (OC *kɯ, “should; probably”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Han compound

朞
𣍡
𣍣
𣍠
㫷
𣇳
𣅆
稘
其
𠔸
𡢁
𥟝
𣔔
𦝁


極

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡɯɡ): semantic 木 (“tree, wood”) + phonetic 亟 (OC *kʰɯɡs, *kɯɡ) – originally meaning a crossbeam rafter.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kak (“expensive; at its peak”) (STEDT). Cognate with 亟 (OC *kɯɡ, “urgent”), 殛 (OC *kɯɡ, “to kill”) (Schuessler, 2007).

inh

北極

北极

陰極

阴极


灣

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qroːn): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 彎 (OC *qroːn) – a type of water.
Cognate with 彎 (OC *qroːn, “bend; curve”) (Wang, 1982).


珞

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡ·raːɡ): semantic 王 (“jade”) + phonetic 各 (OC *klaːɡ).

Han compound

(Wuhan Mandarin, geography) Mount Luojia


緯

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷɯls): semantic 糸 (“thread”) + phonetic 韋 (OC *ɢʷɯl). In earlier forms of 韋, the components above and below 囗 were feet, each facing in opposite lateral directions (left and right).
(In this way, 韋 is also a semantic element representing horizontality.)

Han compound

Coordinate term: 經／经


紀

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kɯʔ): semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 己 (OC *kɯʔ).

Han compound

寒武紀

寒武纪

侏羅紀

侏罗纪


相

/ɬiaŋ³³⁻³³⁵/

/ɬiaŋ³³⁻³³⁵/

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 木 (“tree”) + 目 (“eye”) – looking at, or watching the tree.
An allofam is 胥 (OC *sŋa, *sŋaʔ, “each other; mutually; all; to observe; to assist”) (Gong, 1995; Schuessler, 2007).
Derivative: 想 (OC *slaŋʔ, “to think”) (“appearance > to visualise > to think”).


角

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (角):
* → Japanese: 角(かく) (kaku)
* → Korean: 각(角) (gak)
* → Vietnamese: giác (角)

→ Khmer: កាក់ (kak)
→ English: kak

→ Thai: กั๊ก (gák)

→ Vietnamese: góc

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/

Characters in the same phonetic series (角) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形) – a horn. A conservative version is 𧢲. Similar but unrelated to 甬, 用, and the bottom part of 備.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krəw (“horn; angle; corner”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan རྭ (rwa, “horn”), Garo grong (“horn”), Jingpho nrung (“horn”), Chepang रोङः (roŋʔ, “horn”), 觡 (OC *kraːɡ, “antler”). The Tibeto-Burman *-ŋ final variant is reflected in 觥 (OC *kʷraːŋ, “drinking vessel made from animal horn”) (Schuessler, 2007). Possibly also related to 鹿 (OC *b·roːɡ, “deer”) (Sagart, 1999).
A derivative is 餃 (“stuffed dumpling”), named for its horn-like shape (Norman, 1988).
It is probably unrelated with Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂nós (“horn”) ( < *ḱerh₂- (“horn”)) and Proto-Semitic *ḳarn- (“horn”) despite the phonological and semantic resemblance between the three.


鼻

Characters in the same phonetic series (畀) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *blids): semantic 自 (“nose”) + phonetic 畀 (OC *pids).
自 (OC *ɦljids) originally meant “nose” but came to be used to mean “self”, so the sense of “nose” has been replaced by 鼻 (OC *blids). Some scholars interpret 鼻 (OC *blids) as a combination of a nose (自 (OC *ɦljids)) and two lungs (畀 (OC *pids)), however 畀 on oracle bones represents an arrow.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bi (“nose”); compare Nuosu ꅳꁖ (hnap bbit, “nose; snot”).
Alternatively, it may be from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-brit (“sneeze; nose; swallow”), whence Tibetan སྦྲིད (sbrid, “sneeze”), but there is no trace of r in Chinese (Schuessler, 2007).
In some modern lects, including Mandarin, Gan, Jin, Wu, and Xiang, and even in the literary layer of some Min dialects, the word reflects a form with final *-t. For example, in standard Mandarin, the word is pronounced bí (implying an old entering tone) instead of bì (the expected reflex from the departing tone in Middle Chinese). This is due to a phonological phenomenon in the northwest, either an early loss of *-s in the *-ts cluster before regular final cluster simplification occurred (Baxter, 1992), or a dialectal change from *-s to *-t (Pulleybank, 1998).

inh

nose-like object, protruding part
(geography) cape


澳洲

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siu³³/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/o¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/o²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡siu³³/

/ɔ³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siu³³/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/o¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/o²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡siu³³/

/ɔ³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

From 澳 (Ào, abbreviation of 澳大利亞／澳大利亚 (Àodàlìyà), from English Australia) + 洲 (zhōu, “continent”).

zh-l

澳大利亞／澳大利亚 (Àodàlìyà)

zh-m

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


澳大利亞

ㄠˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄠˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˇ

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ou̯³³ taːi̯²² lei̯²² aː³³/

/o⁵⁵ tʰai̯⁵⁵ li⁵⁵ a²⁴/

/o⁵⁵ tʰai̯⁵⁵ li⁵⁵ a³¹/

/au⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ li⁵³⁻⁵⁵ a⁵³/

/o²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lai²⁴²⁽⁻²¹⁾ l̃i²¹³⁻⁵³ a³³/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tai⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹⁻²² a³³/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/

/ɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ tua³³⁻²¹ li³³⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/

/o¹¹⁻⁵³ tua³³⁻¹¹ li³³⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴/

/ɔ³³ da⁵⁵ li³³ ia²¹/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ou̯³³ taːi̯²² lei̯²² aː³³/

/o⁵⁵ tʰai̯⁵⁵ li⁵⁵ a²⁴/

/o⁵⁵ tʰai̯⁵⁵ li⁵⁵ a³¹/

/au⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tʰaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ li⁵³⁻⁵⁵ a⁵³/

/o²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lai²⁴²⁽⁻²¹⁾ l̃i²¹³⁻⁵³ a³³/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tai⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹⁻²² a³³/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/

/ɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ tua³³⁻²¹ li³³⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/

/o¹¹⁻⁵³ tua³³⁻¹¹ li³³⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴/

/ɔ³³ da⁵⁵ li³³ ia²¹/

From English Australia or Dutch Australië.


磁石

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/hui²⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ²⁴/

/hui¹³⁻²² t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/hui²³⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/hui²⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ²⁴/

/hui¹³⁻²² t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/hui²³⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/


形態學

ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄞˋ ㄒㄩㄝˊ

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ tʰaːi̯³³ hɔːk̚²/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ tʰaːi̯³³ hɔːk̚²/

(linguistics, biology, geology, mathematics) morphology


水準

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯³⁵ t͡sɵn³⁵/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sun⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sui⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡suŋ⁵²⁻²¹/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵy̯³⁵ t͡sɵn³⁵/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sun⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sui⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡suŋ⁵²⁻²¹/

water level
(specifically, surveying) level


高潮

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau⁴⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²³/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² tio¹³/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/kou̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau⁴⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tiau²³/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² tio¹³/

You can't walk along this beach at high tide.

Gāocháo shí nǐ bùnéng zài zhège hǎitān sànbù.

高潮時你不能在這個海灘散步。

高潮时你不能在这个海滩散步。

(oceanography) high tide; high water (Classifier: 個／个; 次)


形態

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/jɪŋ²¹ tʰaːi̯³³/

/hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰai²¹/

/hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰai⁴¹/

/hiɪŋ¹³⁻²² tʰai²¹/

/hiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai¹¹/

/hiɪŋ²³⁻³³ tʰai²¹/

/heŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰai²¹³/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/jɪŋ²¹ tʰaːi̯³³/

/hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰai²¹/

/hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰai⁴¹/

/hiɪŋ¹³⁻²² tʰai²¹/

/hiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai¹¹/

/hiɪŋ²³⁻³³ tʰai²¹/

/heŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰai²¹³/


活火山

ㄏㄨㄛˊ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ

/xu̯ɔ³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/wuːt̚² fɔː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/ua(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ suã⁴⁴/

/ua(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã⁴⁴/

/uaʔ⁴⁻² hue⁵²⁻³⁵ sũã³³/

/xu̯ɔ³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/wuːt̚² fɔː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/ua(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ suã⁴⁴/

/ua(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ he⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã⁴⁴/

/uaʔ⁴⁻² hue⁵²⁻³⁵ sũã³³/

(volcanology, geology) active volcano (Classifier: 個／个; 座)


斜長石

/ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


正長石

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


石灰岩

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² fuːi̯⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² fuːi̯⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/


花崗岩

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/faː⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/

/hua⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡiam²⁴/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/faː⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/

/hua⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ɡiam²⁴/


北緯

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɐk̚⁵ wɐi̯¹³/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɐk̚⁵ wɐi̯¹³/


南緯

/nän³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/naːm²¹ wɐi̯¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² ui²²/

/lam²⁴⁻²² ui⁴¹/

/lam¹³⁻²² ui²²/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ ui³³/

/lam²³⁻³³ ui³³/

/nän³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/naːm²¹ wɐi̯¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² ui²²/

/lam²⁴⁻²² ui⁴¹/

/lam¹³⁻²² ui²²/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ ui³³/

/lam²³⁻³³ ui³³/


赤道

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (赤道):
* → Japanese: 赤道(せきどう) (sekidō)
* → Korean: 적도(赤道) (jeokdo)
* → Vietnamese: xích đạo (赤道)

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɛːk̚³ tou̯²²/

/t͡ʃʰak⁵⁻² tʰo³³/

/t͡sʰiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tɔ²⁴²/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tɤ³³/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ to²²/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ to³³/

/t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ to²²/

/t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ to²²/

/t͡sʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tɔ²²/

/t͡sʰaʔ³³ dɔ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɛːk̚³ tou̯²²/

/t͡ʃʰak⁵⁻² tʰo³³/

/t͡sʰiʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tɔ²⁴²/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ tɤ³³/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ to²²/

/t͡sʰia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ to³³/

/t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ to²²/

/t͡sʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ to²²/

/t͡sʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tɔ²²/

/t͡sʰaʔ³³ dɔ⁴⁴/


板塊

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/pan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰuai⁴¹/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/pan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰuai⁴¹/


地幔

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ män⁵¹/

/te²²⁻²¹ ban²²/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ män⁵¹/

/te²²⁻²¹ ban²²/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong, geology) mantle


平原

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ jyːn²¹/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² ɡuan¹³/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ ɡuan²³/

/pʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋueŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ jyːn²¹/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ɡuan²⁴/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² ɡuan¹³/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡuan²⁴/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ ɡuan²³/

/pʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋuaŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ŋueŋ⁵⁵/

(geography) plain (large area of flat land with no trees); flatland (Classifier: 片 m)


東經

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/


石灰石

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² fuːi̯⁵⁵ sɛːk̚²/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ he⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ he⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hue⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² fuːi̯⁵⁵ sɛːk̚²/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ he⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ he⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ hue⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/


分水嶺

ㄈㄣ ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄌㄧㄥˇ

/fən⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɐn⁵⁵ sɵy̯³⁵ lɛːŋ¹³/

/hun⁴⁴⁻²² sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ⁵³/

/pun⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ niã⁵³/

/fən⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɐn⁵⁵ sɵy̯³⁵ lɛːŋ¹³/

/hun⁴⁴⁻²² sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ liɪŋ⁵³/

/pun⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ niã⁵³/


石灰

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩²⁴ xuɛi⁵¹/

/sɛːk̚² fuːi̯⁵⁵/

/ˈsaʔ² fɨi⁴²/

/suoʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ui⁵⁵/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² hə³³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)³⁵⁻² hə³³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁵⁴⁻¹² hə⁴⁴/

/ʂʐ̩²⁴ ɸe̞i̯³³/

/sz̩²⁴ ɸe̞i̯³³/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩²⁴ xuɛi⁵¹/

/sɛːk̚² fuːi̯⁵⁵/

/ˈsaʔ² fɨi⁴²/

/suoʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ui⁵⁵/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² hə³³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)³⁵⁻² hə³³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁵⁴⁻¹² hə⁴⁴/

/ʂʐ̩²⁴ ɸe̞i̯³³/

/sz̩²⁴ ɸe̞i̯³³/


比例

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/pei̯³⁵ lɐi̯²²/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ le³³/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ le²²/

/pi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ le⁴¹/

/pi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ le³³/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li²²/

/pi⁵²⁻³⁵ li¹¹/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/pei̯³⁵ lɐi̯²²/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ le³³/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ le²²/

/pi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ le⁴¹/

/pi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ le³³/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li²²/

/pi⁵²⁻³⁵ li¹¹/

Original sense attestable in Classical Chinese. The mathematics sense is believed to have been coined by Matteo Ricci.


休火山

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/


黃鐵礦

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄎㄨㄤˋ

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/


餘震

/y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/jyː²¹ t͡sɐn³³/

/i²⁴⁻²² t͡sin²¹/

/i²⁴⁻²² t͡sin⁴¹/

/i¹³⁻²² t͡sin²¹/

/i²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sin¹¹/

/i²³⁻³³ t͡sin²¹/

/ɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siŋ⁵²/

/y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/jyː²¹ t͡sɐn³³/

/i²⁴⁻²² t͡sin²¹/

/i²⁴⁻²² t͡sin⁴¹/

/i¹³⁻²² t͡sin²¹/

/i²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sin¹¹/

/i²³⁻³³ t͡sin²¹/

/ɯ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡siŋ⁵²/

(seismology and also figuratively) aftershock


火山岩

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/


火山灰

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵ fuːi̯⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵ fuːi̯⁵⁵/


鋁土礦

ㄌㄩˇ ㄊㄨˇ ㄎㄨㄤˋ

/ly²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/lɵy̯¹³ tʰou̯³⁵ kʷʰɔːŋ³³/

/ly²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/lɵy̯¹³ tʰou̯³⁵ kʷʰɔːŋ³³/


芒硝

/mɑŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/mɔːŋ²¹ siːu̯⁵⁵/

/bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siau⁴⁴/

/bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siau³³/

/bɔŋ¹³⁻²² siau⁴⁴/

/bɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siau⁴⁴/

/bɔŋ²³⁻³³ siau⁴⁴/

/mɑŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/mɔːŋ²¹ siːu̯⁵⁵/

/bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siau⁴⁴/

/bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² siau³³/

/bɔŋ¹³⁻²² siau⁴⁴/

/bɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ siau⁴⁴/

/bɔŋ²³⁻³³ siau⁴⁴/


回歸線

ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄍㄨㄟ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/wuːi̯²¹ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ siːn³³/

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/wuːi̯²¹ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ siːn³³/

(geography) tropic (Classifier: 條／条 m; 道 m)


輝石

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


山脈

/ʂän⁵⁵ maɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/suã³³ beʔ²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² mẽʔ⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ mẽʔ⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² mɛ̃ʔ¹²¹/

/ʂän⁵⁵ maɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/suã³³ beʔ²⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² mẽʔ⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻³³ mẽʔ⁴/

/suã⁴⁴⁻²² mɛ̃ʔ¹²¹/

(geography, collective) mountain range (Classifier: 條／条)


大理石

/tä⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/taːi̯²² lei̯¹³ sɛːk̚²/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ li²⁴⁻¹¹ sak̚⁵/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sioʔ²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/tua²²⁻²¹ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/tä⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/taːi̯²² lei̯¹³ sɛːk̚²/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ li²⁴⁻¹¹ sak̚⁵/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sioʔ²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/tua²²⁻²¹ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/tai²²⁻²¹ li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ li⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sioʔ⁴/

Named after 大理 (Dàlǐ, “Dali”), a city in Yunnan known for producing marble.

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)


風口

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰau⁵³/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰau⁴¹/

/hɔŋ³³ kʰio⁵⁵⁴/

/huaŋ³³⁻²³ kʰau⁵²/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fʊŋ⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰau⁵³/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰau⁴¹/

/hɔŋ³³ kʰio⁵⁵⁴/

/huaŋ³³⁻²³ kʰau⁵²/


喀斯特

kʻa¹-ssŭ¹-tʻê⁴

/kʰä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/kʰaː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tɐk̚²/

/kʰeʔ²⁻⁴ sɯ³³⁻²³ tek̚⁴/

/kʰä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/kʰaː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tɐk̚²/

/kʰeʔ²⁻⁴ sɯ³³⁻²³ tek̚⁴/

Borrowed from German Karst or English karst, from Slovene kras.

中國南方喀斯特

中国南方喀斯特

(geography) karst (type of land formation)


北回歸線

ㄅㄟˇ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄍㄨㄟ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

Бэй Хуэйгуйсянь

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ wuːi̯²¹ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ siːn³³/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ wuːi̯²¹ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ siːn³³/

The Tropic of Cancer passes through Central Taiwan.

北回歸線穿過台灣中部。

北回归线穿过台湾中部。


南回歸線

ㄋㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄍㄨㄟ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

Наньхуэйгуйсянь

/nän³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/naːm²¹ wuːi̯²¹ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ siːn³³/

/nän³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/naːm²¹ wuːi̯²¹ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ siːn³³/


休眠火山

ㄒㄧㄡ ㄇㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ

сюмянь хошань

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ mi̯ɛn³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ mi̯ɛn³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/


石油化學

ㄕˊ ㄧㄡˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ ㄒㄩㄝˊ

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ joʊ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² jɐu̯²¹ faː³³ hɔːk̚²/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ iu²⁴⁻²² hua²¹⁻⁵³ hak̚⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² iu²⁴⁻²² hua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hak̚²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ iu¹³⁻²² hua²¹⁻⁵³ hak̚¹²¹/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ iu²⁴⁻¹¹ hua¹¹⁻⁵³ hak̚⁴/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ iu²³⁻³³ hua²¹⁻⁴¹ hak̚⁴/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ joʊ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² jɐu̯²¹ faː³³ hɔːk̚²/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ iu²⁴⁻²² hua²¹⁻⁵³ hak̚⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² iu²⁴⁻²² hua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hak̚²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ iu²⁴⁻¹¹ hua¹¹⁻⁵³ hak̚⁴/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ iu²³⁻³³ hua²¹⁻⁴¹ hak̚⁴/


地層

/ti⁵¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tei̯²² t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/

/te³³⁻²¹ t͡san²³/

/te⁴¹⁻²² t͡san²⁴/

/te²²⁻²¹ t͡san²⁴/

/te²²⁻²¹ t͡san¹³/

/ti⁵¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tei̯²² t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/

/te³³⁻²¹ t͡san²³/

/te⁴¹⁻²² t͡san²⁴/

/te²²⁻²¹ t͡san²⁴/

/te²²⁻²¹ t͡san¹³/


瑪瑙

Sino-Xenic (瑪瑙):
* → Japanese: 瑪(め)瑙(のう) (menō)
* → Korean: 마노(瑪瑙) (mano)
* → Vietnamese: mã não (瑪瑙)

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ nɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ma³³⁻³⁵ nˡo³³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo⁵³/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ nɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lo⁵⁵⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo⁵³/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɤ⁴¹/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo⁵³/

/ma⁵²⁻³⁵ nau⁵²⁻²¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ nɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ma³³⁻³⁵ nˡo³³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo⁵³/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ nɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lo⁵⁵⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo⁵³/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɤ⁴¹/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo⁵³/

/ma⁵²⁻³⁵ nau⁵²⁻²¹/

From earlier 馬腦 (mǎnǎo, “horse's brain”), as a (probably mistranslated) calque of Sanskrit अश्मगर्भ (aśmagarbha, “gemstone”, literally “stone + [womb, fetus, or kernel]”) from translated Buddhist texts. Could be a mistranslation, since “horse” in Sanskrit is अश्व (aśva).
Compare Tibetan རྟ་ཀླད (rta klad, “agate”, literally “horse + brain”), said to be a Chinese calque, which is later semantically regularised into རྡོ་ཀླད (rdo klad, “agate”, literally “stone + brain”).

cog

玛瑙
碼碯
碼瑙
馬瑙
馬腦


海流

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liu²⁴/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ liu²⁴/


深海

/ʂən⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐm⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɨm²⁴ hoi̯³¹/

/ʂən⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐm⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɨm²⁴ hoi̯³¹/

(oceanography) the part of the ocean below 200 meters


震源

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sɨn³¹ ŋi̯en¹¹/

/t͡sɨn³¹ ŋi̯an¹¹/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan¹³/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡuan²³/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sɨn³¹ ŋi̯en¹¹/

/t͡sɨn³¹ ŋi̯an¹¹/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan¹³/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡuan²⁴/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡuan²³/

(seismology) hypocenter; focus of an earthquake


明石

/miŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/miŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ sɛːk̚²/

(mineralogy) Alternative name for 明礬／明矾 (míngfán, “alum”).


海角

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ kɔːk̚³/

/hai³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɔyʔ²⁴/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kak̚⁵/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ kɔːk̚³/

/hai³³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɔyʔ²⁴/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kak̚⁵/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kak̚³²/


含水層

ㄏㄢˊ ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄘㄥˊ

/xän³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/

/hɐm²¹ sɵy̯³⁵ t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/

/xän³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/

/hɐm²¹ sɵy̯³⁵ t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/


盆地

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (盆地):
* → Japanese: 盆(ぼん)地(ち) (bonchi)
* → Korean: 분지(盆地) (bunji)
* → Vietnamese: bồn địa (盆地)

/pʰən³⁵ ti⁵¹/

/pʰun²⁴⁻¹¹ tue³³/

/pʰun²⁴⁻²² tue⁴¹/

/pʰun²⁴⁻²² tue²²/

/pʰun²³⁻³³ te³³/

/pʰun¹³⁻²² te²²/

/pʰən³⁵ ti⁵¹/

/pʰun²⁴⁻¹¹ tue³³/

/pʰun²⁴⁻²² tue⁴¹/

/pʰun²⁴⁻²² tue²²/

/pʰun²³⁻³³ te³³/

/pʰun¹³⁻²² te²²/


甲骨文

ㄐㄧㄚˇ ㄍㄨˇ ㄨㄣˊ

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ wən³⁵/

/kaːp̚³ kʷɐt̚⁵ mɐn²¹/

/ka(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kut̚³²⁻⁴ bun²⁴/

/kaʔ²⁻⁴ kuk̚²⁻⁴ buŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ wən³⁵/

/kaːp̚³ kʷɐt̚⁵ mɐn²¹/

/ka(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kut̚³²⁻⁴ bun²⁴/

/kaʔ²⁻⁴ kuk̚²⁻⁴ buŋ⁵⁵/

(palaeography, historiography) oracle bone script


領海

/liŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɪŋ¹³ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/liɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hai⁵³/

/liɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hai⁵⁵⁴/

/liɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hai⁵³/

/liɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hai⁵³/

/liɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hai⁴¹/

/liŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɪŋ¹³ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/liɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hai⁵³/

/liɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hai⁵⁵⁴/

/liɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hai⁵³/

/liɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hai⁵³/

/liɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hai⁴¹/

(geography, politics) territorial waters


溶岩

/ʐʊŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹ ŋaːm²¹/

/ʐʊŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹ ŋaːm²¹/


低潮

/ti⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/tɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/ti⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/tɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/


結核

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ xɤɻ³⁵/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ hut̚⁴/

/kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ hut̚²⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ hut̚¹²¹/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ hut̚⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ hut̚⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ xɤɻ³⁵/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ hut̚⁴/

/kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ hut̚²⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ hut̚¹²¹/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ hut̚⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ hut̚⁴/


方解石

Sino-Xenic (方解石):
* → Japanese: 方解石(ほうかいせき) (hōkaiseki)
* → Korean: 방해석(方解石) (banghaeseok)

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ kaːi̯³⁵ sɛːk̚²/

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ kaːi̯³⁵ sɛːk̚²/


隆起

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ²¹ hei̯³⁵/

/lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ²¹ hei̯³⁵/


角閃石

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/kɔːk̚³ siːm³⁵ sɛːk̚²/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/kɔːk̚³ siːm³⁵ sɛːk̚²/


石筍

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ su̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɛːk̚² sɵn³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ su̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɛːk̚² sɵn³⁵/


窪地

/ua⁴⁴⁻²² tue²²/

/ua⁴⁴⁻²² te²²/

/ua⁴⁴⁻²² tue²²/

/ua⁴⁴⁻²² te²²/


標高

ja-r

標高(ひょうこう) (hyōkō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (標高):
* → Japanese: 標高(ひょうこう) (hyōkō)
* → Korean: 표고(標高) (pyogo)

/pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² ko⁴⁴/

/pʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² ko⁴⁴/

/pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ ko⁴⁴/

/pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/

/piau⁴⁴⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/

/pi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² ko⁴⁴/

/pʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² ko⁴⁴/

/pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ ko⁴⁴/

/pʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/

/piau⁴⁴⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/


陸地

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/l̃yʔ⁵⁻²¹ tɛi²⁴²/

/liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ te²²/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² te²²/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² te⁴¹/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² te³³/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² tue²²/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² tue³³/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² tue⁴¹/

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/l̃yʔ⁵⁻²¹ tɛi²⁴²/

/liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ te²²/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² te²²/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² te⁴¹/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² te³³/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² tue²²/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² tue³³/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² tue⁴¹/


震度

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/


古文

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ wən³⁵/

/kuː³⁵ mɐn²¹/

/kuː³⁵ mɐn²¹⁻³⁵/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun¹³/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bun²⁴/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bun²³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ bun²³/

/kou⁵²⁻³⁵ buŋ⁵⁵/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ wən³⁵/

/kuː³⁵ mɐn²¹/

/kuː³⁵ mɐn²¹⁻³⁵/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun¹³/

/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bun²⁴/

/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bun²³/

/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ bun²⁴/

/kɔ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ bun²³/

/kou⁵²⁻³⁵ buŋ⁵⁵/


亞寒帶

/jä⁵¹ xän³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/jä⁵¹ xän³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/


黃土

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


剝離

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ li³⁵/

/mɔːk̚⁵ lei̯²¹/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ li³⁵/

/mɔːk̚⁵ lei̯²¹/

(medicine, geology) to come off (of skin, tissue, etc.); to be peeled off


層面

/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹ miːn²²/

/t͡saŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ miŋ¹¹/

/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹ miːn²²/

/t͡saŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ miŋ¹¹/


走向

/t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ hœːŋ³³/

/t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɔŋ²¹/

/t͡sau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hiɔŋ⁴¹/

/t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiaŋ²¹/

/t͡sau⁵²⁻³⁵ hiaŋ²¹³/

/t͡sɤ³³ ɕiã⁴⁴/

/t͡soʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sɐu̯³⁵ hœːŋ³³/

/t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiɔŋ²¹/

/t͡sau⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hiɔŋ⁴¹/

/t͡sau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hiaŋ²¹/

/t͡sau⁵²⁻³⁵ hiaŋ²¹³/

/t͡sɤ³³ ɕiã⁴⁴/


火山口

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ ㄎㄡˇㄦ

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ kʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ kʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/


海灣

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ wän⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ uan³³/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ ueŋ³³/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ uaŋ³³/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ wän⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ uan³³/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ ueŋ³³/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ uaŋ³³/


勘探

/kʰän⁵⁵ tʰän⁵¹/

/hɐm³³ tʰaːm³³/

/hɐm⁵⁵ tʰaːm³³/

/kʰam⁴⁴⁻²² tʰam²¹/

/kʰam⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tʰam⁴¹/

/kʰam²¹⁻⁵³ tʰam²¹/

/kʰän⁵⁵ tʰän⁵¹/

/hɐm³³ tʰaːm³³/

/hɐm⁵⁵ tʰaːm³³/

/kʰam⁴⁴⁻²² tʰam²¹/

/kʰam⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tʰam⁴¹/

/kʰam²¹⁻⁵³ tʰam²¹/

(geology) to prospect (for minerals); to explore (resources)


間歇泉

ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄒㄧㄝ ㄑㄩㄢˊ

цзяньсецюань

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/kaːn³³ kʰiːt̚³ t͡sʰyːn²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/kaːn³³ kʰiːt̚³ t͡sʰyːn²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 間歇泉(かんけつせん) (kanketsusen).

(planetology, geology, volcanology) geyser


海面

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ miːn²²⁻³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ miːn²²/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bin⁴¹/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ miŋ¹¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ miːn²²⁻³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ miːn²²/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ bin⁴¹/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ miŋ¹¹/


霰石

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


柘榴石

/ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɤ⁵¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

(mineralogy) Alternative form of 石榴石 (shíliúshí, “garnet”)


角礫岩

ㄐㄧㄠˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄢˊ

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/

/kɔːk̚³ lɪk̚⁵ ŋaːm²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/

/kɔːk̚³ lɪk̚⁵ ŋaːm²¹/


凝灰岩

ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄏㄨㄟ ㄧㄢˊ

/niŋ³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/niŋ³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/


蛇紋岩

/ʂɤ³⁵ wən³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/sɛː²¹ mɐn²¹ ŋaːm²¹/

/ʂɤ³⁵ wən³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/sɛː²¹ mɐn²¹ ŋaːm²¹/


蛇紋石

/ʂɤ³⁵ wən³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sɛː²¹ mɐn²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/ʂɤ³⁵ wən³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sɛː²¹ mɐn²¹ sɛːk̚²/


赤礬

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ fän³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ fän³⁵/


明礬石

/miŋ³⁵ fän³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ faːn²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/miŋ³⁵ fän³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ faːn²¹ sɛːk̚²/


蛭石

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sɐt̚² sɛːk̚²/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sɐt̚² sɛːk̚²/


孔雀石

ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄕˊ

/kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/hʊŋ³⁵ t͡sœːk̚³ sɛːk̚²/

/kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/hʊŋ³⁵ t͡sœːk̚³ sɛːk̚²/


金文

Sino-Xenic (金文):
* → Japanese: 金文(きんぶん) (kinbun)
* → Korean: 금문(金文) (geummun)

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ wən³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ mɐn²¹/

/kim³³⁻²³ buŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ wən³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ mɐn²¹/

/kim³³⁻²³ buŋ⁵⁵/

(writing, palaeography) Chinese bronze inscriptions

鐘

Chinese bronze inscriptions; bronze script

Chinese bronze inscriptions, bronze script


古文字

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ wən³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/kuː³⁵ mɐn²¹ t͡siː²²/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ wən³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/kuː³⁵ mɐn²¹ t͡siː²²/

(writing, palaeography) pre-Qin script, such as jinwen or jiaguwen


泥板岩

/ni³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

/ni³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/


片岩

Sino-Xenic (片岩):
* → Japanese: 片岩(へんがん) (hengan)
* → Korean: 편암(片岩) (pyeonam)

/pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/

/pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/


鱗石英

/lin³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ iŋ⁵⁵/

/lɵn²¹ sɛːk̚² jɪŋ⁵⁵/

/lin³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ iŋ⁵⁵/

/lɵn²¹ sɛːk̚² jɪŋ⁵⁵/


老年期

ㄌㄠˇ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄑㄧˊ

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/


熱點

/ʐɤ⁵¹ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʐɤ⁵¹ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


葡萄石

/pʰu³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


基岩

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

(geology, mining, construction, engineering) bedrock


石炭紀

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ tʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/sɛːk̚² tʰaːn³³ kei̯³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ tʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/sɛːk̚² tʰaːn³³ kei̯³⁵/

(geology) the Carboniferous period (part of the Paleozoic era, spanning from 358.9 to 298.9 million years ago)


凹地

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/


北極圈

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪk̚² hyːn⁵⁵/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² kʰuan²³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² kʰuan²⁴/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪk̚² hyːn⁵⁵/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² kʰuan²³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² kʰuan²⁴/

From 北極／北极 (Běijí, “the North Pole”) + 圈 (juàn, “circle”). Attested in Kunyu Wanguo Quantu [1602].


發源地

/fä⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ ti⁵¹/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ ɡuan²³⁻³³ te³³/

/huat̚³²⁻⁵ ɡuan¹³⁻²² te²²/

/huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ ɡuan²⁴⁻²² tue⁴¹/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ ɡuan²⁴⁻¹¹ tue³³/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ ɡuan²⁴⁻²² tue²²/

/huek̚²⁻⁴ ŋueŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ti¹¹/

/fä⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ ti⁵¹/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ ɡuan²³⁻³³ te³³/

/huat̚³²⁻⁵ ɡuan¹³⁻²² te²²/

/huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ ɡuan²⁴⁻²² tue⁴¹/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ ɡuan²⁴⁻¹¹ tue³³/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ ɡuan²⁴⁻²² tue²²/

/huek̚²⁻⁴ ŋueŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ti¹¹/

(literally, geography, figuratively) place of origin; birthplace; source


南極點

ㄋㄢˊ ㄐㄧˊ ㄉㄧㄢˇ

/nän³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lam²⁴⁻²² kiak̚²⁴⁻² tiam⁵⁵⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tiam⁵³/

/lam²³⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tiam⁴¹/

/lam¹³⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tiam⁵³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tiam⁵³/

/nän³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lam²⁴⁻²² kiak̚²⁴⁻² tiam⁵⁵⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tiam⁵³/

/lam²³⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tiam⁴¹/

/lam¹³⁻²² kiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tiam⁵³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tiam⁵³/


北極點

ㄅㄟˇ ㄐㄧˊ ㄉㄧㄢˇ

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪk̚² tiːm³⁵/

/pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiak̚²⁴⁻² tiam⁵⁵⁴/

/pak̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tiam⁵³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tiam⁵³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tiam⁴¹/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪk̚² tiːm³⁵/

/pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiak̚²⁴⁻² tiam⁵⁵⁴/

/pak̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tiam⁵³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tiam⁵³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tiam⁴¹/


南極圈

Наньцзицюань

/nän³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/lam²³⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² kʰuan²³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² kʰuan²⁴/

/nän³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/lam²³⁻³³ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² kʰuan²³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² kʰuan²⁴/


苦土

/kʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː³⁵ tʰou̯³⁵/

/kʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː³⁵ tʰou̯³⁵/


噴火口

/pʰən⁵⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɐn³³ fɔː³⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/pʰən⁵⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɐn³³ fɔː³⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/


松脂岩

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ t͡siː⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ t͡siː⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/


沙丘

/ʂä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ jɐu̯⁵⁵/

/sua⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiu⁴⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiu⁴⁴/

/sɛ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiu⁴⁴/

/ʂä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ jɐu̯⁵⁵/

/sua⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiu⁴⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiu⁴⁴/

/sɛ⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiu⁴⁴/


鐘鼎文

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄨㄣˊ

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ wən³⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ tɪŋ³⁵ mɐn²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ wən³⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ tɪŋ³⁵ mɐn²¹/


共生

/kʊŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ²² sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² siɪŋ³³/

/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/kʊŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ²² sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² siɪŋ³³/

/kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/


白堊紀

/paɪ̯³⁵ ˀɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/paːk̚² ɔːk̚³ kei̯³³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ ˀɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/paːk̚² ɔːk̚³ kei̯³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 白堊紀.

obor

(geology) the Cretaceous period (part of the Mesozoic era, spanning from 145.0 to 66.0 million years ago)


始太古代

ㄕˇ ㄊㄞˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

(geology) the Eoarchean era (part of the Archean eon, spanning from 4 to 3.6 billion years ago)


新太古代

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄊㄞˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ

Синьтайгу Дай

/ɕin⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

(geology) the Neoarchean era (part of the Archean eon, spanning from 2.8 to 2.5 billion years ago)


中元古代

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄩㄢˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ

Чжунъюаньгу Дай

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

(geology) the Mesoproterozoic era (part of the Proterozoic eon, spanning from 1.6 to 1 billion years ago)


古太古代

ㄍㄨˇ ㄊㄞˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

(geology) the Paleoarchean era (part of the Archean eon, spanning from 3.6 to 3.2 billion years ago)


中太古代

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄊㄞˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ

Чжунтайгу Дай

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

(geology) the Mesoarchean era (part of the Archean eon, spanning from 3.2 to 2.8 billion years ago)


古元古代

ㄍㄨˇ ㄩㄢˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ

Гуюаньгу Дай

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

(geology) the Paleoproterozoic era (part of the Proterozoic eon, spanning from 2.5 to 1.6 billion years ago)


顯生宙

Сяньшэн Чжоу

/ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/hiːn³⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯²²/

/ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/hiːn³⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯²²/

(geology) the Phanerozoic eon (spanning from 541 million years ago until the present)


太古代

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰaːi̯³³ kuː³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰaːi̯³³ kuː³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/


元古宙

/ɥɛn³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/jyːn²¹ kuː³⁵ t͡sɐu̯²²/

/ɥɛn³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/jyːn²¹ kuː³⁵ t͡sɐu̯²²/

(geology) the Proterozoic eon (part of the Precambrian supereon, spanning from 2.5 billion to 541 million years ago)


太古宙

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰaːi̯³³ kuː³⁵ t͡sɐu̯²²/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰaːi̯³³ kuː³⁵ t͡sɐu̯²²/

(geology) the Archean eon (part of the Precambrian supereon, spanning from 4 to 2.5 billion years ago)


寒武紀

/xän³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/hɔːn²¹ mou̯¹³ kei̯³³/

/xän³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/hɔːn²¹ mou̯¹³ kei̯³³/

(geology) the Cambrian period (part of the Paleozoic era, spanning from 541 to 485.4 million years ago)


第四紀

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/tɐi̯²² sei̯³³ kei̯³³/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/tɐi̯²² sei̯³³ kei̯³³/

(geology) the Quaternary period (part of the Cenozoic era, spanning from 2.588 million years ago until the present)


侏羅紀

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ kei̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ kei̯³⁵/

(geology) the Jurassic period (part of the Mesozoic era, spanning from 201.3 to 145.0 million years ago)


奧陶紀

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ou̯³³ tʰou̯²¹ kei̯³³/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ou̯³³ tʰou̯²¹ kei̯³³/

(geology) the Ordovician period (part of the Paleozoic era, spanning from 485.4 to 443.4 million years ago)


新近紀

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄐㄧˋ

Синьцзинь Цзи

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ kɐn²² kei̯³⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ kɐn²² kei̯³⁵/

(geology) the Neogene period (part of the Cenozoic era, spanning from 23.03 to 2.588 million years ago)


二疊紀

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ti̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ti̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 二畳紀.

(geology) the Permian period (part of the Paleozoic era, spanning from 298.9 to 252.17 million years ago)


泥盆紀

/ni³⁵ pʰən³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/nɐi̯²¹ pʰuːn²¹ kei̯³⁵/

/ni³⁵ pʰən³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/nɐi̯²¹ pʰuːn²¹ kei̯³⁵/

(geology) the Devonian period (part of the Paleozoic era, spanning from 419.2 to 358.9 million years ago)


三疊紀

/sän⁵⁵ ti̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ ti̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三疊紀 (Sanjōki), a calque from German Trias (“Triassic”, literally “triad”), from New Latin trias (“triad”), from Ancient Greek τριάς (triás, “triad”).

der

(geology) the Triassic period (part of the Mesozoic era, spanning from 252.17 to 201.3 million years ago)


志留紀

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/t͡siː³³ lɐu̯²¹ kei̯³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/t͡siː³³ lɐu̯²¹ kei̯³³/

(geology) the Silurian period (part of the Paleozoic era, spanning from 443.4 to 419.2 million years ago)


古生代

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/kuː³⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/kuː³⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

(geology) the Paleozoic era (part of the Phanerozoic eon, spanning from 541 to 252.17 million years ago)


新元古代

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄩㄢˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄞˋ

Синьюаньгу Дай

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

(geology) the Neoproterozoic era (part of the Proterozoic eon, spanning from 1 billion to 541 million years ago)


中生代

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

(geology) the Mesozoic era (part of the Phanerozoic eon, spanning from 252.17 to 66.0 million years ago)


冥古宙

ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄓㄡˋ

/miŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/miŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

(geology) the Hadean eon (part of the Precambrian supereon, spanning from around 4.6 to 4 billion years ago)


新生代

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tai²²/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tai²²/

(geology) the Cenozoic era (part of the Phanerozoic eon, spanning from 66.0 million years ago until the present)


古近紀

ㄍㄨˇ ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄐㄧˋ

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/kuː³⁵ kɐn²² kei̯³⁵/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/kuː³⁵ kɐn²² kei̯³⁵/

(geology) the Paleogene period (part of the Cenozoic era, spanning from 66.0 to 23.03 million years ago)


礬石

/fän³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/faːn²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/huan¹³⁻²² t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/huan²³⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/fän³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/faːn²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/huan¹³⁻²² t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/huan²³⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/


西經

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/


晶洞

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ²²/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ tʊŋ²²/


晶球

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ kʰɐu̯²¹/

(geology) Alternative name for 晶洞 (jīngdòng, “geode”).


陸橋

/lu⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/lʊk̚² kʰiːu̯²¹/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kio²⁴/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² kio²⁴/

/liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kio¹³/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kio²⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kiɤ²³/

/lu⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/lʊk̚² kʰiːu̯²¹/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kio²⁴/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² kio²⁴/

/liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kio¹³/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kio²⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kiɤ²³/


黝簾石

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɛn³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/jɐu̯¹³ liːm²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɛn³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/jɐu̯¹³ liːm²¹ sɛːk̚²/


斜黝簾石

ㄒㄧㄝˊ ㄧㄡˇ ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄕˊ

/ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɛn³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sʰɛː²¹ jɐu̯³⁵ liːm²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɛn³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sʰɛː²¹ jɐu̯³⁵ liːm²¹ sɛːk̚²/


閃電熔岩

ㄕㄢˇ ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄖㄨㄥˊ ㄧㄢˊ

шаньдянь жунъянь

/ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʐʊŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/siːm³⁵ tiːn²² jʊŋ²¹ ŋaːm²¹/

/ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʐʊŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/siːm³⁵ tiːn²² jʊŋ²¹ ŋaːm²¹/


砒霜

/pʰi⁵⁵ ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰei̯⁵⁵ sœːŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ soŋ²⁴/

/pʰie⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾louŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰi⁴⁴⁻²² sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/pʰi³³ sŋ̍³³/

/pʰi⁴⁴⁻²² sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/pʰi⁴⁴⁻³³ sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/pʰi⁴⁴⁻³³ sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/pʰi⁵⁵ ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰei̯⁵⁵ sœːŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰi²⁴⁻¹¹ soŋ²⁴/

/pʰie⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾louŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰi⁴⁴⁻²² sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/pʰi³³ sŋ̍³³/

/pʰi⁴⁴⁻²² sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/pʰi⁴⁴⁻³³ sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/pʰi⁴⁴⁻³³ sŋ̍⁴⁴/


密陀僧

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (密陀僧):
* → Japanese: 密陀僧(みつだそう) (mitsudasō)
* → Korean: 밀타승(密陀僧) (miltaseung)
* → Vietnamese: mật đà tăng (密陀僧)

/mi⁵¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ sɤŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐt̚² tʰɔː²¹ t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐt̚² tʰɔː²¹ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/bit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ to¹³⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/bit̚⁴⁻³² to²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/miɪʔ¹¹ du²² sən²³/

/mi⁵¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ sɤŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐt̚² tʰɔː²¹ t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐt̚² tʰɔː²¹ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/bit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ to¹³⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/bit̚⁴⁻³² to²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/miɪʔ¹¹ du²² sən²³/

Borrowed from Persian مردار سنگ (mordâr-sang, “dross of lead; protoxide of lead; litharge”), compound of مردار (mordâr, “dead, unclean, impure”) and سنگ (sang, “stone”).
Compare Urdu مرداسنگ (murdā-sang) (colloquial), Urdu مردارسنگ (murdār-sang, “litharge”), Hindi मुरदासंख (murdāsaṅkh, “litharge; yellow pigment”), Sanskrit मोदारशृङ्ग (modāraśṛṅga, “litharge”).

cog

蜜陀僧
沒多僧
彌陀僧
蜜陀曾

Mituoseng: Benjing [a TCM compendium] did not record places (in China) where this was found, and the annotation therein considers its place of origin as Persia. Nowadays, it is found in Lingnan [Southern China] and Central Fujian, at the site of silver and copper smelting.

Tang Shenwei, Zhenglei Bencao [a TCM compendium], ca. 1082–1098.

Mìtuósēng, “Běnjīng” bù zǎi suǒ chū zhōutǔ. Zhù yún chū Bōsīguó. Jīn Lǐngnán, Mǐnzhōng yíntóng yěchù yì yǒu zhī.

密陀僧，《本經》不載所出州土。注云出波斯國。今嶺南、閩中銀銅冶處亦有之。

密陀僧，《本经》不载所出州土。注云出波斯国。今岭南、闽中银铜冶处亦有之。

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(mineralogy, traditional Chinese medicine) litharge; lithargyrum; lead monoxide


上新世

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²² sɐn⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²² sɐn⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³/


山系

/ʂän⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/saːn⁵⁵ hɐi̯²²/

/ʂän⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/saːn⁵⁵ hɐi̯²²/


玢岩

/pɐn⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/

/pɐn⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/


勘察

/kʰän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/

/hɐm³³ t͡sʰaːt̚³/

/kʰam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰat̚³²/

/kʰam¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰat̚³²/

/kʰam²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sʰat̚³²/

/kʰän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/

/hɐm³³ t͡sʰaːt̚³/

/kʰam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sʰat̚³²/

/kʰam¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰat̚³²/

/kʰam²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡sʰat̚³²/

(geology) to prospect (for minerals); to explore (resources)


基質

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵/


榴輝岩

ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄏㄨㄟ ㄧㄢˊ

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/lɐu̯²¹ fɐi̯⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/lɐu̯²¹ fɐi̯⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/


褶皺

/ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɤʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɤʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/


河床

/xɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/hɔː²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹/

/ho²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰŋ̍²⁴/

/ho¹³⁻²² t͡sʰŋ̍¹³/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰŋ̍²³/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰŋ̍²⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴/

/ho¹³⁻²² t͡sʰɔŋ¹³/

/xɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/hɔː²¹ t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹/

/ho²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰŋ̍²⁴/

/ho¹³⁻²² t͡sʰŋ̍¹³/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰŋ̍²³/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰŋ̍²⁴/

/ho²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰɔŋ²⁴/

/ho¹³⁻²² t͡sʰɔŋ¹³/


蠕動

/ʐu³⁵ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/jyː²¹ tʊŋ²²/

/lu²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²²/

/lu²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²²/

/d͡zi¹³⁻²² tɔŋ²²/

/ʐu³⁵ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/jyː²¹ tʊŋ²²/

/lu²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²²/

/lu²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ²²/

/d͡zi¹³⁻²² tɔŋ²²/


潛流

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰiːm²¹ lɐu̯²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰiːm²¹ lɐu̯²¹/


寶藏

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/pou̯³⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²²/

/po³¹ t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔŋ²²/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɔŋ⁴¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔŋ²²/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/pou̯³⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²²/

/po³¹ t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔŋ²²/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɔŋ⁴¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔŋ²²/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ³⁵/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɑŋ³⁵/


極地

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ti⁵¹/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² te²²/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tue²²/

/kiɪk̚²⁴⁻² te⁴¹/

/kiɪk̚²⁴⁻² tue⁴¹/

/kiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ te²²/

/kiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tue²²/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² te³³/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tue³³/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² te³³/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tue³³/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ti⁵¹/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² te²²/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tue²²/

/kiɪk̚²⁴⁻² te⁴¹/

/kiɪk̚²⁴⁻² tue⁴¹/

/kiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ te²²/

/kiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tue²²/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² te³³/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tue³³/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² te³³/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² tue³³/


軒轅

/ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² uan²⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² uan¹³/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ uan²⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ uan²³/

/ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² uan²⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² uan¹³/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ uan²⁴/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ uan²³/

(uranography) Xuanyuan, an asterism in the Chinese constellation of Star


貓眼

/mɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maːu̯⁵⁵ ŋaːn¹³/

/mɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maʊ̯ɻʷ⁵⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maːu̯⁵⁵ ŋaːn¹³/


泥潭

/ni³⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/nɐi̯²¹ tʰaːm²¹/

/ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰam⁵⁵/

/ni³⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/nɐi̯²¹ tʰaːm²¹/

/ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰam⁵⁵/


斷層

/tu̯än⁵¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tyːn²² t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/

/tʰyːn¹³ t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/

/tu̯än⁵¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tyːn²² t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/

/tʰyːn¹³ t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/


落差

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚² t͡sʰaː⁵⁵/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sʰa³³/

/lo(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/lɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/

/lɔːk̚² t͡sʰaː⁵⁵/

/lɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/lɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sʰa³³/

/lo(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

/lɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰa⁴⁴/

(geography) drop in elevation (of a waterfall, between two points in the course of a river, etc.)


煤層

/meɪ̯³⁵ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/

/muːi̯²¹ t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/

/meɪ̯³⁵ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/

/muːi̯²¹ t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/


海震

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ t͡sɐn³³/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ t͡sɐn³³/


海平面

ㄏㄞˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋ

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

ㄏㄞˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄇㄧㄢˋㄦ

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ mi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ miːn²²⁻³⁵/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² bin²²/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² bin⁴¹/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ¹³⁻²² bin²²/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bin³³/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ bin³³/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ mi̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ miːn²²⁻³⁵/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² bin²²/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² bin⁴¹/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ¹³⁻²² bin²²/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bin³³/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ bin³³/

海平面上升


鐘乳石

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʐu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jyː¹³ sɛːk̚²/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ zu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ zu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ zu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʐu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jyː¹³ sɛːk̚²/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ zu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪk̚⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ zu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ zu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɤʔ⁴/


亞熱帶

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/aː³³ jiːt̚² taːi̯³³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɛt̚⁴⁻³² tai²¹/

/a³³ d͡ziɛt̚²⁴⁻² tai⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tai²¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ d͡ziɛt̚⁴⁻³² tai¹¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɛt̚⁴⁻³² tai²¹/

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/aː³³ jiːt̚² taːi̯³³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɛt̚⁴⁻³² tai²¹/

/a³³ d͡ziɛt̚²⁴⁻² tai⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tai²¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ d͡ziɛt̚⁴⁻³² tai¹¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ ziɛt̚⁴⁻³² tai²¹/


勾陳

/koʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/

/ŋɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐn²¹/

/koʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/

/ŋɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐn²¹/

(uranography) Gou Chen or “Curved Array”, an asterism in the Purple Forbidden enclosure consisting of six stars, corresponding to the Western constellations of Ursa Minor and Cepheus. In ancient times, this asterism represented the Emperor's harem.


北河

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ hɔː²¹/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ hɔː²¹/

(uranography) Bei He or “North River”, an asterism in the Chinese constellation of Well


南河

/nän³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ hɔː²¹/

/nän³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ hɔː²¹/

(uranography) Nan He or “South River”, an asterism in the Chinese constellation of Well


五車

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ kɵy̯⁵⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ kɵy̯⁵⁵/

(uranography) Five Chariots (Chinese constellation)


暗流

/ˀän⁵¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/ˀän⁵¹ li̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/ɐm³³ lɐu̯²¹/

/am²¹⁻⁵³ lau²⁴/

/am⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lau²⁴/

/am²¹⁻⁵³ lau¹³/

/am¹¹⁻⁵³ lau²⁴/

/am²¹⁻⁴¹ lau²³/

/ˀän⁵¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/ˀän⁵¹ li̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/ɐm³³ lɐu̯²¹/

/am²¹⁻⁵³ lau²⁴/

/am⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lau²⁴/

/am²¹⁻⁵³ lau¹³/

/am¹¹⁻⁵³ lau²⁴/

/am²¹⁻⁴¹ lau²³/


地質災害

ㄉㄧˋ ㄓˋ ㄗㄞ ㄏㄞˋ

ㄉㄧˋ ㄓˊ ㄗㄞ ㄏㄞˋ

дичжи цзайхай

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ xaɪ̯⁵¹/

/ti⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ xaɪ̯⁵¹/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ xaɪ̯⁵¹/

/ti⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡saɪ̯⁵⁵ xaɪ̯⁵¹/


地質年代

ㄉㄧˋ ㄓˋ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄉㄞˋ

ㄉㄧˋ ㄓˊ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄉㄞˋ

дичжи няньдай

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ti⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ti⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ ni̯ɛn³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/


蒙脫石

/mɤŋ³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/mɤŋ³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


爐甘石

/lu³⁵ kän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/lu³⁵ kän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


黑曜石

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ jiːu̯²² sɛːk̚²/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ jiːu̯²² sɛːk̚²/


高嶺石

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


銳鈦礦

ㄖㄨㄟˋ ㄊㄞˋ ㄎㄨㄤˋ

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/


赤鐵礦

ㄔˋ ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄎㄨㄤˋ

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/


磁鐵礦

ㄘˊ ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄎㄨㄤˋ

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/


尖晶石

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


方鐵礦

ㄈㄤ ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄎㄨㄤˋ

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/


斯石英

/sz̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ iŋ⁵⁵/

/sz̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ iŋ⁵⁵/


金紅石

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ xʊŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ xʊŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

金紅石結構

金红石结构


歐亞板塊

ㄡ ㄧㄚˋ ㄅㄢˇ ㄎㄨㄞˋ

ㄡ ㄧㄚˇ ㄅㄢˇ ㄎㄨㄞˋ

Оуя Банькуай

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

ㄡ ㄧㄚˋ ㄅㄢˇ ㄎㄨㄞˋㄦ

оуябанькуайр

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/


沖積

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ³³ t͡sit̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪk̚³²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ³³ t͡sit̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪk̚³²/


沖積

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ³³ t͡sit̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪk̚³²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ³³ t͡sit̚⁵/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪk̚³²/


海溝

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ koʊ̯⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ kʰɐu̯⁵⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ koʊ̯⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ kʰɐu̯⁵⁵/


信石

/ɕin⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sɵn³³ sɛːk̚²/

/ɕin⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sɵn³³ sɛːk̚²/

Produced in the ancient 信州 (Xìnzhōu) (Xin Commandery), in modern Jiangxi province.


冰斗

/piŋ⁵⁵ toʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/piŋ⁵⁵ toʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


冰磧

/piŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/

/piŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/


冰洲石

/piŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ sɛːk̚²/

/piŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ sɛːk̚²/


冰丘

/piŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/


單斜

/tän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/taːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɛː²¹/

/tän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/taːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɛː²¹/


大片陸地

ㄉㄚˋ ㄆㄧㄢˋ ㄌㄨˋ ㄉㄧˋ

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/


地極

/ti⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/te³³⁻²¹ kiɪk̚⁴/

/tue³³⁻¹¹ kiɪk̚⁴/

/ti⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/te³³⁻²¹ kiɪk̚⁴/

/tue³³⁻¹¹ kiɪk̚⁴/


沸石

/feɪ̯⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/fɐi̯³³ sɛːk̚²/

/feɪ̯⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/fɐi̯³³ sɛːk̚²/

Calque of Swedish zeolit, and its source, New Latin zeolites, from Ancient Greek ζέω (zéō, “to boil, bubble”) + Ancient Greek λιθος (lithos, “stone”).


海水平

ㄏㄞˇ ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/


智利硝石

ㄓˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄠ ㄕˊ

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


螢石

/iŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/iŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ sɛːk̚²/


河槽

/xɤ³⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/hɔː²¹ t͡sʰou̯²¹/

/xɤ³⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/hɔː²¹ t͡sʰou̯²¹/


河身

/xɤ³⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/


瑪𤧛脂

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

stone mastic asphalt
stone mastic asphalt


測地

/t͡sʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/


測地學

ㄘㄜˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄒㄩㄝˊ

/t͡sʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/


大地測量學

ㄉㄚˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄘㄜˋ ㄌㄧㄤˋ ㄒㄩㄝˊ

дади цэлянсюэ

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² tei̯²² t͡sʰaːk̚⁵ lœːŋ²¹ hɔːk̚²/


震波

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ pɔː⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ pɔː⁵⁵/

(geology, seismology) seismic wave; earthquake wave


石石

/sia²²⁻²¹ t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/sia³³⁻²¹ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/sia²²⁻²¹ t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/sia³³⁻²¹ t͡siɤʔ⁴/


膽礬

/tän²¹⁴⁻²¹ fän³⁵/

/tän²¹⁴⁻²¹ fän³⁵/


潮位

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ wɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ wɐi̯²²⁻³⁵/


今文

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ wən³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ mɐn²¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ wən³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ mɐn²¹/

(writing, palaeography) Alternative name for 隸書／隶书 (lìshū, “clerical script”).


拗陷

/ˀɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/aːu̯³³ haːm²²/

/ˀɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/aːu̯³³ haːm²²/


震中

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

(seismology, chiefly Mainland China) epicentre


震央

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ⁴⁴/

(seismology, chiefly Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan) epicentre


中華鈰礦

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄕˋ ㄎㄨㄤˋ

Чжунхуа шикуан

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/


潛窪地

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ wä⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ wä⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/


熔岩管

ㄖㄨㄥˊ ㄧㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄢˇ

жунъяньгуань

/ʐʊŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʐʊŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


墊滇

/tiam²²⁻²¹ tĩ²²/

/tiam²²⁻²¹ tĩ²²/

(Xiamen and Zhangzhou Hokkien, oceanography) high tide; high water


滿潮

/män²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/muːn¹³ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/män²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/muːn¹³ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/


潮間帶

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/


裙礁

/t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/


甲骨文字

ㄐㄧㄚˇ ㄍㄨˇ ㄨㄣˊ ㄗˋ

цзягу вэньцзы

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ wən³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ wən³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

(palaeography, historiography) oracle bone script


本初子午線

ㄅㄣˇ ㄔㄨ ㄗˇ ㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

бэньчу цзыусянь

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/puːn³⁵ t͡sʰɔː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵ ŋ̍¹³ siːn³³/

/puːn³⁵ t͡sʰɔː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵ ŋ̍¹³ siːn³³/


子午線

/t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡siː³⁵ ŋ̍¹³ siːn³³/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã²¹/

/t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ŋɔ̃⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ suã⁴¹/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã²¹/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã¹¹/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ŋɔ̃⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ suã²¹/

/t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡siː³⁵ ŋ̍¹³ siːn³³/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã²¹/

/t͡su⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ŋɔ̃⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ suã⁴¹/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã²¹/

/t͡su⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ suã¹¹/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ŋɔ̃⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ suã²¹/


地陷

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/te³³⁻¹¹ ham³³/

/te⁴¹⁻²² ham⁴¹/

/te²²⁻²¹ ham²²/

/te³³⁻²¹ ham³³/

/te²²⁻²¹ am²²/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/te³³⁻¹¹ ham³³/

/te⁴¹⁻²² ham⁴¹/

/te²²⁻²¹ ham²²/

/te³³⁻²¹ ham³³/

/te²²⁻²¹ am²²/

(geology, intransitive) to have a land subsidence


白雲母

/paɪ̯³⁵ yn³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paɪ̯³⁵ yn³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


裂隙

/li̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹/

/liːt̚² kʷʰɪk̚⁵/

/lia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kʰiaʔ³²/

/lia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kʰiaʔ³²/

/lia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kʰiaʔ³²/

/lia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kʰiaʔ³²/

/li̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹/

/liːt̚² kʷʰɪk̚⁵/

/lia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kʰiaʔ³²/

/lia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kʰiaʔ³²/

/lia(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kʰiaʔ³²/

/lia(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ kʰiaʔ³²/


白榴石

/paɪ̯³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/paːk̚² lɐu̯²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/paɪ̯³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/paːk̚² lɐu̯²¹ sɛːk̚²/


黑鎢礦

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ u⁵⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ u⁵⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/


白鎢礦

/paɪ̯³⁵ u⁵⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/paːk̚² wuː⁵⁵ kʷʰɔːŋ³³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ u⁵⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/paːk̚² wuː⁵⁵ kʷʰɔːŋ³³/


斑銅礦

ㄅㄢ ㄊㄨㄥˊ ㄎㄨㄤˋ

/pän⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/pän⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/


斑岩

/pän⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/paːn⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/

/pän⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/paːn⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/


首子午線

ㄕㄡˇ ㄗˇ ㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

本初子午線 本初子午線#Chinese

本初子午线 本初子午线#Chinese

(geography) Synonym of 本初子午線／本初子午线 (běnchū zǐwǔxiàn, “prime meridian”)


背斜

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/puːi̯³³ t͡sʰɛː²¹/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/puːi̯³³ t͡sʰɛː²¹/


環流

/xu̯än³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/waːn²¹ lɐu̯²¹/

/xu̯än³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/waːn²¹ lɐu̯²¹/


大氣圈

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

ㄉㄚˋ ㄑㄧˋ ㄑㄩㄢㄦ

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/


地核

/ti⁵¹ xɤɻ³⁵/

/ti⁵¹ xɤɻ³⁵/


全新世

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ sɐn⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ sɐn⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³/


寒極

/xän³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/xän³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/


鈣鈦礦

ㄍㄞˋ ㄊㄞˋ ㄎㄨㄤˋ

/kaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/kʰɔːi̯³³ tʰaːi̯³³ kʷʰɔːŋ³³/

/kaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/kʰɔːi̯³³ tʰaːi̯³³ kʷʰɔːŋ³³/


陸臺

/lu⁵¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/lu⁵¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/


地軸

/ti⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯³⁵/

/ti⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯³⁵/

(astronomy, geology) axis of the Earth's rotation


暗色岩

/ˀän⁵¹⁻⁵³ sɤ⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/

/ˀän⁵¹⁻⁵³ sɤ⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/


地震帶

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/tei̯²² t͡sɐn³³ taːi̯³³/

/ti¹¹ t͡siŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ tua²¹³/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/tei̯²² t͡sɐn³³ taːi̯³³/

/ti¹¹ t͡siŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ tua²¹³/


地震波

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/tei̯²² t͡sɐn³³ pɔː⁵⁵/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/tei̯²² t͡sɐn³³ pɔː⁵⁵/


白鉛礦

ㄅㄞˊ ㄑㄧㄢ ㄎㄨㄤˋ

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/


地圖投影

ㄉㄧˋ ㄊㄨˊ ㄊㄡˊ ㄧㄥˇ

/ti⁵¹ tʰu³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵ iŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ti⁵¹ tʰu³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵ iŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


極圈

/t͡ɕi³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/


生物地理學

ㄕㄥ ㄨˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄒㄩㄝˊ

шэнъу дилисюэ

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ u⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ u⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/


經緯線

ㄐㄧㄥ ㄨㄟˇ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ wɐi̯¹³ siːn³³/

/keŋ³³⁻²³ ui⁵²⁻³⁵ sũã²¹³/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ wɐi̯¹³ siːn³³/

/keŋ³³⁻²³ ui⁵²⁻³⁵ sũã²¹³/

(geography) lines of latitude and longitude


經緯

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ wɐi̯¹³/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ui⁵³/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ui⁵³/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ui⁴¹/

/kĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ hui³³/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hui³³/

/keŋ³³⁻²³ ui⁵²/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ wɐi̯¹³/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ui⁵³/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ui⁵³/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ui⁴¹/

/kĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ hui³³/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hui³³/

/keŋ³³⁻²³ ui⁵²/

(geography) lines of longitude and latitude; longitude and latitude

(cartography, painting) meridian and parallel lines


飛地

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/

Kaliningrad Oblast is an exclave of Russia.

Jiālǐnínggélè Zhōu shì Éluósī de yī kuài fēidì.

加里寧格勒州是俄羅斯的一塊飛地。

加里宁格勒州是俄罗斯的一块飞地。

(geography) enclave or exclave (Classifier: 塊／块 m)


雲石

/yn³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/wɐn²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/hun²³⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/hun²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sioʔ⁴³/

/huŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/yn³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/wɐn²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/hun²³⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/hun²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sioʔ⁴³/

/huŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sioʔ⁴/

Named after 雲浮／云浮 (Yúnfú, “Yunfu”), a city in Guangdong known for producing marble.

(chiefly Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong, geology) marble


冰隙

/piŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷʰɪk̚⁵/

/piŋ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷʰɪk̚⁵/


大理岩

/tä⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

/taːi̯²² lei̯¹³ ŋaːm²¹/

/tä⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

/taːi̯²² lei̯¹³ ŋaːm²¹/

zh-l

大理石 (dàlǐshí)


黑潮

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 黒(くろ)潮(しお) (kuroshio).

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/haːk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/haːk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/


漿石

/t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵ sz̩²¹/

/t͡ɕiaŋ⁵⁵ sz̩²¹/


皮硝

/pʰi³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pʰi³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/


朴硝

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵/


月奶石

/ɥɛ⁵¹ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ naɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


火山作用

ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄩㄥˋ

хошань цзоюн

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jʊŋ⁵¹/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jʊŋ⁵¹/


岩溶

/jɛn³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/ŋaːm²¹ jʊŋ²¹/

/jɛn³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/ŋaːm²¹ jʊŋ²¹/

(geography) karst (type of land formation)


硅卡岩

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/


日本暖流

ㄖˋ ㄅㄣˇ ㄋㄨㄢˇ ㄌㄧㄡˊ

Жибэнь Нуаньлю

/ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ nu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/jɐt̚² puːn³⁵ nyːn¹³ lɐu̯²¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ nu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/jɐt̚² puːn³⁵ nyːn¹³ lɐu̯²¹/


伏流

/fu³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/fʊk̚² lɐu̯²¹/

/fu³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/fʊk̚² lɐu̯²¹/


沖積平原

ㄔㄨㄥ ㄐㄧ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄩㄢˊ

чунцзи пинъюань

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ jyːn²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ jyːn²¹/


冬至線

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/


夏至線

ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄓˋ ㄒㄧㄢˋ

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/


南寒帶

/nän³⁵ xän³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/naːm²¹ hɔːn²¹ taːi̯³³/

/nän³⁵ xän³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/naːm²¹ hɔːn²¹ taːi̯³³/


北寒帶

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ hɔːn²¹ taːi̯³³/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ hɔːn²¹ taːi̯³³/


北垂

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/

The Yi and the Di people are greedy and desirous of gain; they wear their hair down their backs and fasten their garments on the left; they have human faces but the hearts of wild beasts. Their ceremonial garments differ from those worn in the Central States [of China]; their customs and diet differ from ours; and our languages are mutually unintelligible. They dwell far away, in the cold, on the bare lands of the north, driving their herds in pursuit of pasture, and hunting with the bow and arrow in order to sustain themselves. They are separated from us by mountains and valleys and cut off by the desert. By these means did Heaven and Earth divide inner from outer.

Yídí zhī rén tān ér hǎolì, bèifà zuǒrèn, rénmiànshòuxīn. Qí yǔ Zhōngguó shū zhāngfú, yì xísú, yǐnshí bùtóng, yányǔ bùtōng, pì jū běichuí hánlù zhī yě, zhú cǎo suí xù, shèliè wèishēng, gé yǐ shāngǔ, yōng yǐ shāmù, tiāndì suǒyǐ jué wàinèi yě.

夷狄之人貪而好利，被髮左衽，人面獸心。其與中國殊章服，異習俗，飲食不同，言語不通，辟居北垂寒露之野，逐草隨畜，射獵為生，隔以山谷，雍以沙幕，天地所以絕外內也。

夷狄之人贪而好利，被发左衽，人面兽心。其与中国殊章服，异习俗，饮食不同，言语不通，辟居北垂寒露之野，逐草随畜，射猎为生，隔以山谷，雍以沙幕，天地所以绝外内也。


海岬

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ kaːp̚³/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ kaːp̚³/


海侵

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵/


表土

/pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/piːu̯³⁵ tʰou̯³⁵/

/pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/piːu̯³⁵ tʰou̯³⁵/


地塊

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

收回地塊

收回地块


閃長岩

/ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/


黃銅礦

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄊㄨㄥˊ ㄎㄨㄤˋ

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵ kʰu̯ɑŋ⁵¹/


更新世

/kɤŋ⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kɤŋ⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/


無光帶

/u³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/u³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/


前寒武紀

ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄏㄢˊ ㄨˇ ㄐㄧˋ

Цяньханьу Цзи

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xän³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ xän³⁵ u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

(geology) the Precambrian supereon (spanning from the formation of the Earth around 4.6 billion years ago to the emergence of hard-shelled creatures 541 million years ago)


遠洋帶

/ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑŋ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ɥɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɑŋ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/


中層帶

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/


半深海帶

ㄅㄢˋ ㄕㄣ ㄏㄞˇ ㄉㄞˋ

бань шэньхай дай

/pän⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/pän⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/


超深海帶

ㄔㄠ ㄕㄣ ㄏㄞˇ ㄉㄞˋ

чао шэньхай дай

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/


深海帶

/ʂən⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʂən⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/


透光帶

/tʰoʊ̯⁵¹ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰoʊ̯⁵¹ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/


層侵紀

/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

(geology) the Rhyacian period (part of the Paleoproterozoic era, spanning from 2.3 to 2.05 billion years ago)


固結紀

ㄍㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧˋ

/ku⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ku⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

(geology) the Statherian period (part of the Paleoproterozoic era, spanning from 1.8 to 1.6 billion years ago)


成鐵紀

ㄔㄥˊ ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄐㄧˋ

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

(geology) the Siderian period (part of the Paleoproterozoic era, spanning from 2.5 to 2.3 billion years ago)


造山

/t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/


蓋層紀

/kaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/kaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

(geology) the Calymmian period (part of the Mesoproterozoic era, spanning from 1.6 to 1.4 billion years ago)


造山紀

Цзаошань Цзи

/t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/t͡sɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

(geology) the Orosirian period (part of the Paleoproterozoic era, spanning from 2.05 to 1.8 billion years ago)


蓋層

/kaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/


成冰紀

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ piŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ piŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

(geology) the Cryogenian period (part of the Neoproterozoic era, spanning from 850 to 635 million years ago)


延展紀

Яньчжань Цзи

/jɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/jɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

(geology) the Ectasian period (part of the Mesoproterozoic era, spanning from 1.4 to 1.2 billion years ago)


拉伸紀

/lä⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/lä⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

(geology) the Tonian period (part of the Neoproterozoic era, spanning from 1 billion to 850 million years ago)


狹帶紀

ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄉㄞˋ ㄐㄧˋ

/ɕi̯ä³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ä³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

Calque of English Stenian, from Ancient Greek στενός (stenós, “narrow”), in reference to the narrow polymetamorphic belts formed during the period.

(geology) the Stenian period (part of the Mesoproterozoic era, spanning from 1.2 to 1 billion years ago)


苗嶺世

ㄇㄧㄠˊ ㄌㄧㄥˇ ㄕˋ

/mi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/mi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Miaolingian epoch (part of the Cambrian period, spanning from 509 to 497 million years ago)


埃迪卡拉紀

ㄞ ㄉㄧˊ ㄎㄚˇ ㄌㄚ ㄐㄧˋ

Айдикала Цзи

/ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ ti³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ ti³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

(geology) the Ediacaran period (part of the Neoproterozoic era, spanning from 635 to 541 million years ago)


芙蓉世

/fu³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/fu³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Furongian epoch (part of the Cambrian period, spanning from 497 to 485.4 million years ago)


早奧陶世

ㄗㄠˇ ㄠˋ ㄊㄠˊ ㄕˋ

Цзаоаотао Ши

/t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Early Ordovician
Early Ordovician#English

(geology) the Early Ordovician epoch (part of the Ordovician period, spanning from 485.4 to 470 million years ago)


紐芬蘭世

ㄋㄧㄡˇ ㄈㄣ ㄌㄢˊ ㄕˋ

Нюфэньлань Ши

/ni̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fən⁵⁵ län³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ni̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fən⁵⁵ län³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Terreneuvian epoch (part of the Cambrian period, spanning from 541 to 521 million years ago)


晚奧陶世

ㄨㄢˇ ㄠˋ ㄊㄠˊ ㄕˋ

Ваньаотао Ши

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Late Ordovician epoch (part of the Ordovician period, spanning from 458.4 to 443.4 million years ago)


中奧陶世

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄠˋ ㄊㄠˊ ㄕˋ

Чжунъаотао Ши

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Middle Ordovician
Middle Ordovician#English

(geology) the Middle Ordovician epoch (part of the Ordovician period, spanning from 470 to 458.4 million years ago)


文洛克世

ㄨㄣˊ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄕˋ

/wən³⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/wən³⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Wenlock epoch (part of the Silurian period, spanning from 433.4 to 427.4 million years ago)


羅德洛世

ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄕˋ

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ tɤ³⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ tɤ³⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Learned borrowing from English Ludlow, from Old English Hlūde.

(geology) the Ludlow epoch (part of the Silurian period, spanning from 427.4 to 423.0 million years ago)


蘭多維列世

ㄌㄢˊ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄨㄟˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄕˋ

Ланьдовэйле Ши

/län³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/län³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Learned borrowing from English Llandovery, the rock formation named after the nearby town in Carmarthenshire, Wales, from Welsh Llanymddyfri (literally “church near the waters”).

der

(geology) the Llandovery epoch (part of the Silurian period, spanning from 443.4 to 433.4 million years ago)


表層帶

ㄅㄧㄠˇ ㄘㄥˊ ㄉㄞˋ

/pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/


中泥盆世

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄋㄧˊ ㄆㄣˊ ㄕˋ

Чжуннипэнь Ши

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ni³⁵ pʰən³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ni³⁵ pʰən³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Middle Devonian epoch (part of the Devonian period, spanning from 393.3 to 382.7 million years ago)


早泥盆世

ㄗㄠˇ ㄋㄧˊ ㄆㄣˊ ㄕˋ

Цзаонипэнь Ши

/t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵ pʰən³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵ pʰən³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Early Devonian epoch (part of the Devonian period, spanning from 419.2 to 393.3 million years ago)


密西西比世

ㄇㄧˋ ㄒㄧ ㄒㄧ ㄅㄧˇ ㄕˋ

/mi⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/mi⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Mississippian subperiod (part of the Carboniferous period, spanning from 358.9 to 323.2 million years ago)


烏拉爾世

/u⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/u⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Cisuralian epoch (part of the Permian period, spanning from 298.9 to 272.3 million years ago)


樂平世

/lɤ⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/lɤ⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Lopingian epoch (part of the Permian period, spanning from 259.8 to 252.17 million years ago)


瓜達魯普世

ㄍㄨㄚ ㄉㄚˊ ㄌㄨˇ ㄆㄨˇ ㄕˋ

Гуадалупу Ши

/ku̯ä⁵⁵ tä³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ku̯ä⁵⁵ tä³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Guadalupian epoch (part of the Permian period, spanning from 272.3 to 259.8 million years ago)


普里道利世

ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄉㄠˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄕˋ

Пулидаоли Ши

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Learned borrowing from English Pridoli, from Czech Přídolí.

(geology) the Pridoli epoch (part of the Silurian period, spanning from 423.0 to 419.2 million years ago)


賓夕法尼亞世

ㄅㄧㄣ ㄒㄧ ㄈㄚˇ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ ㄕˋ

ㄅㄧㄣ ㄒㄧˋ ㄈㄚˇ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ ㄕˋ

Биньсифания Ши

/pin⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/pin⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Pennsylvanian subperiod (part of the Carboniferous period, spanning from 323.2 to 298.9 million years ago)


晚泥盆世

ㄨㄢˇ ㄋㄧˊ ㄆㄣˊ ㄕˋ

Ваньнипэнь Ши

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵ pʰən³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni³⁵ pʰən³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

(geology) the Late Devonian epoch (part of the Devonian period, spanning from 382.7 to 358.9 million years ago)


氟石

/fu³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/fɐt̚⁵ sɛːk̚²/

/fu³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/fɐt̚⁵ sɛːk̚²/


泥火山

/ni³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ni³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/


集塊岩

ㄐㄧˊ ㄎㄨㄞˋ ㄧㄢˊ

/t͡ɕi³⁵ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹ jɛn³⁵/


破火山口

ㄆㄛˋ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ ㄎㄡˇ

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


複式火山

ㄈㄨˋ ㄕˋ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/


超級火山

ㄔㄠ ㄐㄧˊ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ

чаоцзи хошань

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/


冰火山

/piŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ fɔː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ fɔː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

(planetology, geology, volcanology) cryovolcano (a volcano on an icy moon that ejects volatile materials rather than magma)


盾狀火山

ㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄓㄨㄤˋ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ

дуньчжуан хошань

/tu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/


裂縫噴發口

ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄈㄥˊ ㄆㄣ ㄈㄚ ㄎㄡˇ

лефэн пэньфакоу

/li̯ɛ⁵¹ fɤŋ³⁵ pʰən⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


噴發口

/pʰən⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰən⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(volcanology, geology) volcanic vent (opening in a volcano from which lava or gas flows)


噴氣孔

/pʰən⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰən⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(geology) blowhole (vent for the escape of steam or other gas)


火山噴氣孔

ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ ㄆㄣ ㄑㄧˋ ㄎㄨㄥˇ

хошань пэньцикун

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ pʰən⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


吹蝕

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

(geology) deflation (removal of soil and other loose material from the ground (or another surface) by wind, leaving it exposed to erosion)


吹蝕穴

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ɕy̯ɛ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ɕy̯ɛ⁵¹/

(geology) blowhole (top-facing opening to a cavity in the ground leading to a marine cave from which wave water or bursts of air are expelled)


低平火山口

ㄉㄧ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ ㄎㄡˇ

дипин хошанькоу

/ti⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


火山彈

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ tän⁵¹/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ tän⁵¹/


火積雲

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ yn³⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ yn³⁵/


火山渣

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵/

(mineralogy, volcanology) scoria; slag (of a volcano)


安山岩

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵ ŋaːm²¹/


火山穹丘

ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ ㄑㄩㄥˊ ㄑㄧㄡ

ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ ㄑㄩㄥ ㄑㄧㄡ

хошань цюнцю

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/


英安岩

/iŋ⁵⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/iŋ⁵⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

Blend of 石英 (shíyīng) + 安山岩 (ānshānyán).


火山泥流

ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ ㄋㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄡˊ

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ ni³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ ni³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/


火山雷

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ leɪ̯³⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ leɪ̯³⁵/

(volcanology, meteorology) volcanic lightning


火山碎屑

ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ ㄙㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄧㄝˋ

хошань суйсе

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/


火山碎屑

ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ ㄙㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄧㄝˋ

хошань суйсе

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/


普林尼式

ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄕˋ

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵ ni³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵ ni³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Plinian eruption
Plinian eruption#English

(volcanology) Plinian (relating to a Plinian eruption)


普林尼式噴發

ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄕˋ ㄆㄣ ㄈㄚ

пулиньниши пэньфа

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lin³⁵ ni³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ pʰən⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵/


側翼噴發

ㄘㄜˋ ㄧˋ ㄆㄣ ㄈㄚ

/t͡sʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹ pʰən⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹ pʰən⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵/


火山碎屑流

ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ ㄙㄨㄟˋ ㄒㄧㄝˋ ㄌㄧㄡˊ

хошань суйсе лю

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵ sɵy̯³³ siːt̚³ lɐu̯²¹/

/fɔː³⁵ saːn⁵⁵ sɵy̯³³ siːt̚³ lɐu̯²¹/


穹丘

/t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kʰʊŋ²¹ jɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kʰʊŋ²¹ jɐu̯⁵⁵/

(geology) dome (geological feature consisting of symmetrical anticlines that intersect where each one reaches its apex)


草炭

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰän⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰän⁵¹/


平頂火山

ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄕㄢ

пиндин хошань

/pʰiŋ³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/


河段

/xɤ³⁵ tu̯än⁵¹/

/xɤ³⁵ tu̯än⁵¹/


河灣

/xɤ³⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ wän⁵⁵/


階地

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/

/kaːi̯⁵⁵ tɛːŋ²²/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ ti⁵¹/

/kaːi̯⁵⁵ tɛːŋ²²/


海鼻

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pʰĩ³³/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pʰĩ³³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pʰĩ³³/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ pʰĩ³³/


西風漂流

ㄒㄧ ㄈㄥ ㄆㄧㄠ ㄌㄧㄡˊ

/ɕi⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵ pʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/


基圖

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (基圖):
* → Vietnamese: cơ đồ (基圖)

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵/


震級

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ kʰɐp̚⁵/

/t͡sin⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰip̚⁵/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ kip̚³²/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ kip̚³²/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kip̚³²/

/t͡sin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kip̚³²/

/t͡siŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ kʰip̚²/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ kʰɐp̚⁵/

/t͡sin⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰip̚⁵/

/t͡sin¹¹⁻⁵³ kip̚³²/

/t͡sin²¹⁻⁴¹ kip̚³²/

/t͡sin⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kip̚³²/

/t͡sin⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kip̚³²/

/t͡siŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ kʰip̚²/

里氏震級

里氏震级

(seismology) Short for 地震震級／地震震级 (dìzhèn zhènjí, “earthquake magnitude”).


地震震級

ㄉㄧˋ ㄓㄣˋ ㄓㄣˋ ㄐㄧˊ

дичжэнь чжэньцзи

dičžɛnʹ čžɛnʹczi

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵/


甲金文

ㄐㄧㄚˇ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄨㄣˊ

цзяцзиньвэнь

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ wən³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ wən³⁵/

(palaeography) oracle bone script and bronze script


通谷

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(geomorphology) through valley (valley eroded between larger valleys by glacial ice or meltwater)


深淵帶

шэньюань дай

/ʂən⁵⁵ ɥɛn⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʂən⁵⁵ ɥɛn⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/


超深淵帶

ㄔㄠ ㄕㄣ ㄩㄢ ㄉㄞˋ

чао шэньюань дай

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵ ɥɛn⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵ ɥɛn⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/


垃圾帶

/lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

(oceanography) garbage patch (gyre of marine debris particles caused by the effects of ocean currents and increasing plastic pollution by humans)


冰壅

/piŋ⁵⁵ jʊŋ⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵⁵ jʊŋ⁵⁵/


大海嘯

ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄠˋ

/tä⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² hɔːi̯³⁵ siːu̯³³/

/taːi̯²² hɔːi̯³⁵ siːu̯²²/

/tä⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² hɔːi̯³⁵ siːu̯³³/

/taːi̯²² hɔːi̯³⁵ siːu̯²²/

(oceanography) megatsunami (an extremely large tsunami-like wave caused by an avalanche or landslide displacing large amounts of water very quickly)


冰熔岩

ㄅㄧㄥ ㄖㄨㄥˊ ㄧㄢˊ

/piŋ⁵⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/piŋ⁵⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵ jɛn³⁵/

(planetology, geology, volcanology) cryolava (ice-volcanic melt which has erupted from a cryovolcano)


冰岩漿

/piŋ⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

(planetology, geology, volcanology) cryomagma (collectively, substances such as water, ammonia or methane that are found within some planets and are expelled by cryovolcanoes)


氣象海嘯

ㄑㄧˋ ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄠˋ

цисян хайсяо

/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/hei̯³³ t͡sœːŋ²² hɔːi̯³⁵ siːu̯³³/

/hei̯³³ t͡sœːŋ²² hɔːi̯³⁵ siːu̯²²/

/hei̯³³ t͡sœːŋ²² hɔːi̯³⁵ siːu̯³³/

/hei̯³³ t͡sœːŋ²² hɔːi̯³⁵ siːu̯²²/

(oceanography, meteorology) meteotsunami (a tsunami-like wave of meteorological origin)


咆哮西風

ㄆㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄠ ㄒㄧ ㄈㄥ

паосяо сифэн

/pʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

(geography, meteorology) the roaring forties


島弧

/tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵/


微震

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/weɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/weɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/