午

Pictogram (象形) – a pestle (now written 杵). Unrelated to 干. See the central component of 舂 and 秦 in their original version.
Norman (1985) proposed connection with Austroasiatic; Ferlus (2013) noted a "[g]ood correspondence" between Proto-Vietic *m-ŋəːʔ (whence Vietnamese ngựa) and Old Chinese reconstructions like *m-qʰˁaʔ (Baxter-Sagart) and *ᵀs.ŋaʔ (Ferlus). Also compare Proto-Hlai *hŋaːʔ (“horse”), Proto-Kra *ŋja C (“horse”).
Alternatively, Smith (2011) proposed 午 (OC *ŋaːʔ)'s cognacy with 啎 (OC *ŋaːs) "to meet head on" and 御 (OC *ŋas) "to meet in (battle)" and suggested that "the moon at its full phase opposes the sun directly in the sky, meaning *ŋaaʔ 午 is probably to be glossed, given *-ʔ , ‘facing stage’". Schuessler (2007) regarded 午 (OC ŋâh) "to go against" as a mere graphic variant of 啎 and thus deemed the sense "to go against" distinct from the "earthly branch" sense.

the seventh of the twelve earthly branches

(archaic, astrology) the seventh year of the Jovian orbital cycle


子

Characters in the same phonetic series (子) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形) – an image of a baby, with a large head and spread arms. The legs are wrapped in a blanket. Compare with 了, where the arms are wrapped, and 㜽, in which a lock of hair is visible on top. Compare also 棄 and 毓, in which the image of the baby is reversed upside-down.
The big seal script form is much more elaborate, showing a baby with hair on a head (囟) and arms on the two sides of the body, sitting on a stool (几).
See also the right component of 保.
;child
:From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *tsa ~ za (“child, offspring, relatives; to come forth (as child at birth); to love; loving”).
:Cognate with 字 (OC *zlɯs, “character; letter”), 慈 (OC *zɯ, “loving; kind”), 滋 (OC *ʔsɯ, “to grow, to breed, to propagate, to bring about, to increase”), 孳 (OC *ʔsɯ, *zɯs, “to breed, to propagate”).
;first earthly branch
:In oracle bone and Western Zhou bronze inscriptions, 子 was the sixth earthly branch which supplanted the original first earthly branch, one of whose written forms – 𢀇 – survives in Shuo Wen (Matsumaru, 2015).
:Smith (2011) proposes the first earthly branch had been 甾. Observing that 甾 is closely linked with 緇 (“dark, stained”), 淄 (“murky (water)”), 菑 (zī, “field cleared by burning”) (all pronounced *tsrə), he proposes that initially the first earthly branch 甾 (OC *ts[r]əʔ) had meant "darkened, voided, the darkened stage" and had denoted the new moon phase (ibid.). Meanwhile, 子 (OC tsəʔ) originated from a Sino-Tibetan root meaning "to come forth" and denoted the moon's "coming forth" stage (i.e. early waning-gibbous phase) (ibid.).
:Sometime in Warring States period, a change occured that 子 became the first earthly branch and 巳 (OC *s-ləʔ) filled the void of the sixth earthly branch (Matsumaru, 2015), "due to phonological closeness (combined with the semantic opacity of the Branch terms at later eras)" (Smith, 2011).
:Association with the rat was possibly arbitrary, analogous to how 辰, the fifth earthly branch, was arbitrarily associated with the dragon (Ferlus, 2013).

och-l

㜽
𡿹
𡐫
𣕓
𰱤
𢀇
𢀈
𠙭
𢀉

(astrology) First earthly branch: rat in the Chinese zodiac, 11th solar month, midnight (11:00 pm to 1:00 am)


獅子

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/sz̩²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/sz̩¹¹ t͡səʔ²/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/sz̩⁴⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵³/

/sz̩²⁴ t͡sz̩²⁴/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/sz̩¹¹ t͡səʔ²/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/sz̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/sz̩⁴⁴⁵ t͡sz̩³/

(astrology, astronomy) Short for 獅子座／狮子座 (Shīzizuò, “Leo”).


黃道十二宮

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄠˋ ㄕˊ ㄦˋ ㄍㄨㄥ

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄠˋ ㄕˊ ㄦˋ ㄍㄨㄥ

хуандао шиэргун

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ tou̯²² sɐp̚² jiː²² kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ tou̯²² sɐp̚² jiː²² kʊŋ⁵⁵/

(astrology) the twelve signs of the Zodiac


分野

/fən⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɐn⁵⁵ jɛː¹³/

/hun⁴⁴⁻²² ia⁵³/

/hun⁴⁴⁻²² ia⁵³/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ ia⁵³/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ ia⁴¹/

/fən⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɐn⁵⁵ jɛː¹³/

/hun⁴⁴⁻²² ia⁵³/

/hun⁴⁴⁻²² ia⁵³/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ ia⁵³/

/hun⁴⁴⁻³³ ia⁴¹/

Dazzling Deluder is Heaven’s executioner. Heart is the portion of the heavens that corresponds to Song. Some catastrophe awaits your lordship.

Lü Buwei, Master Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, 239 BCE

Yínghuò, tiānfá yě; xīn, Sòng fēnyě, huò qiě dāng jūn.

熒惑，天罰也；心，宋分野，禍且當君。

荧惑，天罚也；心，宋分野，祸且当君。

(archaic, Chinese astronomy, astrology) division of the sky into zones (especially for astrological association with the lands of China)


星座

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (星座):
* → Japanese: 星座(せいざ) (seiza)
* → Korean: 성좌(星座) (seongjwa)

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɔː²²/

/sen²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰo⁵⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^((t͡s-))ʒɔ²⁴²/

/siɪŋ³³ t͡so²²/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɤ³³/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡so³³/

/t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɤ³³/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡so³³/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ t͡so¹¹/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɔː²²/

/sen²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰo⁵⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^((t͡s-))ʒɔ²⁴²/

/siɪŋ³³ t͡so²²/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɤ³³/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡so³³/

/t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɤ³³/

/t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡so³³/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ t͡so¹¹/

(astrology) astrological sign; star sign


天秤座

ㄊㄧㄢ ㄔㄥˋ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄊㄧㄢ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ t͡sɔː²²/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ t͡sɔː²²/


將星

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/


巨蟹宮

ㄐㄩˋ ㄒㄧㄝˋ ㄍㄨㄥ

ㄐㄩˋ ㄒㄧㄝˋ ㄍㄨㄥ

/t͡ɕy⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕy⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/


天干

→ Zhuang: diengan

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ kän⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kɔːn⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ kon²⁴/

/tʰie¹¹ kæ̃¹¹/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kan⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kan⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kan⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kan⁴⁴/

/tʰiaŋ³³⁻²³ kaŋ³³/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ kän⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kɔːn⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ kon²⁴/

/tʰie¹¹ kæ̃¹¹/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kan⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kan⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kan⁴⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kan⁴⁴/

/tʰiaŋ³³⁻²³ kaŋ³³/

heavenly stem: one of the ten terms used in East Asian cultures to represent

(historical or astrology) A day of the traditional ten-day week.


地支

/ti⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/te²²⁻²¹ t͡si⁴⁴/

/te⁴¹⁻²² t͡si³³/

/te³³⁻²¹ t͡si⁴⁴/

/tue³³⁻¹¹ t͡si⁴⁴/

/te⁴¹⁻²² ki³³/

/ti⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/te²²⁻²¹ t͡si⁴⁴/

/te⁴¹⁻²² t͡si³³/

/te³³⁻²¹ t͡si⁴⁴/

/tue³³⁻¹¹ t͡si⁴⁴/

/te⁴¹⁻²² ki³³/

An earthly branch: one of the twelve terms used in East Asian cultures to represent

(astrology) The twelve animals representing the Chinese zodiac, particularly as a birthyear.


黑道

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ taʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ taʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/


雙子

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 双(ふた)子(ご) (futago)


獅子宮

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/


天秤宮

ㄊㄧㄢ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄥ

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/


人馬宮

/ʐən³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʐən³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/


太歲

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰaːi̯³³ sɵy̯³³/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰaːi̯³³ sɵy̯³³/

(astronomy, astrology) the twelve or (later) sixty stars considered to oppose Jupiter during its roughly twelve year orbital cycle


孛星

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/puːt̚² sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/puːt̚² sɪŋ⁵⁵/

(archaic, figurative, astrology) ominous star


黃道帶

ja-r

黄道帯(こうどうたい) (kōdōtai)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (黃道帶):
* → Japanese: 黄道帯(こうどうたい) (kōdōtai)
* → Korean: 황도대(黃道帶) (hwangdodae)

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄠˋ ㄉㄞˋ

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄠˋ ㄉㄞˋ

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/wɔːŋ²¹ tou̯²² taːi̯³³⁻³⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/wɔːŋ²¹ tou̯²² taːi̯³³⁻³⁵/

(astronomy, astrology) zodiac; belt of the Western zodiac


十二宮

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐp̚² jiː²² kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐp̚² jiː²² kʊŋ⁵⁵/


陰壽

/in⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐm⁵⁵ sɐu̯²²/

/in⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐm⁵⁵ sɐu̯²²/


水逆

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni⁵¹/

/sɵy̯³⁵ jɪk̚²/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni⁵¹/

/sɵy̯³⁵ jɪk̚²/

Short for 水星逆行 (Shuǐxīng nìxíng), attested no later than 2012.

Why am I so unlucky recently? It must be because of Mercury retrograde!

Wǒ zuìjìn zǎ zènme dǎoméi? Yīdìng shì shuǐnì hài de!

我最近咋這麼倒霉？一定是水逆害的！

我最近咋这么倒霉？一定是水逆害的！

The bad luck of Mercury retrograde, be gone!

水逆退散！

(astrology) the retrograde motion of Mercury, or the bad luck it brings; or, bad luck in general


水逆

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni⁵¹/

/sɵy̯³⁵ jɪk̚²/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni⁵¹/

/sɵy̯³⁵ jɪk̚²/

I've been experiencing (the bad luck of) Mercury retrograde recently; whatever I do is difficult.

最近俺水逆，幹啥啥不順。

最近俺水逆，干啥啥不顺。

(astrology) to have bad luck due to the retrograde motion of Mercury; or, to have bad luck in general


十二次

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/

(Chinese astronomy, astrology) the twelve zones of the sky (astrologically associated with lands of China)


超級月亮

ㄔㄠ ㄐㄧˊ ㄩㄝˋ ˙ㄌㄧㄤ

ㄔㄠ ㄐㄧˊ ㄩㄝˋ ㄌㄧㄤˋ

чаоцзи юэлян

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ li̯ɑŋ¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ li̯ɑŋ¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/