阿彌陀佛

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (阿彌陀佛):
* → Japanese: 阿(あ)弥(み)陀(だ)仏(ぶつ) (Amidabutsu)
* → Korean: 아미타불(阿彌陀佛) (Amitabul)
* → Vietnamese: A Di Đà Phật (阿彌陀佛)

ㄜ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

ㄚ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

ㄜ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

/ˀɤ⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

ㄚ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

/ˀä⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ɔː⁵⁵ mei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ɔː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ŋo⁴² mi² tʰo²⁴ fɨt̚⁵/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ ni²⁴ tʰo¹¹ fut̚⁵/

/o⁵⁵ mi⁵³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ^((tʰ-))lo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uʔ⁵/

or¹ bi² tor² hoh⁷ [Phonetic:or⁵ bi¹ tor⁵ hoh⁷]

/ɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ pi¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ¹³⁻¹¹ hɔʔ⁴/

or¹ bi² tor² huoh⁷ [Phonetic:or⁵ bi¹ tor⁵ huoh⁷]

/ɒ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ pi²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ²⁴⁻²¹ huoʔ⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/ɔ³³ mĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huk̚⁴/

/o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo²¹³⁻⁵⁵ huk̚²/

/o⁵⁵ mi³³ du³³ vəʔ²¹/

/əu⁵² mi¹¹ dəu vəʔ²³/

/ˀɤ⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ɔː⁵⁵ mei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ɔː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ŋo⁴² mi² tʰo²⁴ fɨt̚⁵/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ ni²⁴ tʰo¹¹ fut̚⁵/

/o⁵⁵ mi⁵³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ^((tʰ-))lo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uʔ⁵/

/ɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ pi¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ¹³⁻¹¹ hɔʔ⁴/

/ɒ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ pi²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ²⁴⁻²¹ huoʔ⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/ɔ³³ mĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huk̚⁴/

/o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo²¹³⁻⁵⁵ huk̚²/

/o⁵⁵ mi³³ du³³ vəʔ²¹/

/əu⁵² mi¹¹ dəu vəʔ²³/

Borrowed from Sanskrit अमिताभ (amitābha, “limitless light”).


阿彌陀佛

ㄜ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

ㄚ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

ㄜ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

/ˀɤ⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

ㄚ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

/ˀä⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ɔː⁵⁵ mei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ɔː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ŋo⁴² mi² tʰo²⁴ fɨt̚⁵/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ ni²⁴ tʰo¹¹ fut̚⁵/

/o⁵⁵ mi⁵³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ^((tʰ-))lo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uʔ⁵/

/ɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ pi¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ¹³⁻¹¹ hɔʔ⁴/

/ɒ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ pi²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ²⁴⁻²¹ huoʔ⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/ɔ³³ mĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huk̚⁴/

/o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo²¹³⁻⁵⁵ huk̚²/

/o⁵⁵ mi³³ du³³ vəʔ²¹/

/əu⁵² mi¹¹ dəu vəʔ²³/

/ˀɤ⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ɔː⁵⁵ mei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ɔː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ŋo⁴² mi² tʰo²⁴ fɨt̚⁵/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ ni²⁴ tʰo¹¹ fut̚⁵/

/o⁵⁵ mi⁵³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ^((tʰ-))lo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uʔ⁵/

/ɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ pi¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ¹³⁻¹¹ hɔʔ⁴/

/ɒ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ pi²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ²⁴⁻²¹ huoʔ⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/ɔ³³ mĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huk̚⁴/

/o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo²¹³⁻⁵⁵ huk̚²/

/o⁵⁵ mi³³ du³³ vəʔ²¹/

/əu⁵² mi¹¹ dəu vəʔ²³/

(Buddhism) An expression for praying to Buddha for protection or thanksgiving.

(Buddhism) A greeting used when meeting Buddhist monks or nuns, and by Buddhist monks and nuns when meeting people.


因緣

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (因縁):
* → Japanese: 因縁(いんねん) (innen)
* → Korean: 인연(因縁) (inyeon)
* → Vietnamese: nhân duyên (因縁)

/in⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/in⁴⁴⁻²² iɛn²⁴/

/in⁴⁴⁻²² iɛn¹³/

/in⁴⁴⁻³³ iɛn²⁴/

/in⁴⁴⁻³³ iɛn²³/

/in⁵⁵ ɦyø²¹/

/in⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/in⁴⁴⁻²² iɛn²⁴/

/in⁴⁴⁻²² iɛn¹³/

/in⁴⁴⁻³³ iɛn²⁴/

/in⁴⁴⁻³³ iɛn²³/

/in⁵⁵ ɦyø²¹/

(Buddhism) hetu and prataya; principal and secondary causes


浮世

/fu³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/fɐu̯²¹ sɐi̯³³/

/pʰu²⁴⁻²² se²¹/

/hu²⁴⁻²² se²¹/

/pʰu²⁴⁻²² se⁴¹/

/hu²⁴⁻²² se⁴¹/

/pʰu¹³⁻²² se²¹/

/hu¹³⁻²² se²¹/

/pʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ se¹¹/

/hu²⁴⁻¹¹ se¹¹/

/pʰu²³⁻³³ se²¹/

/hu²³⁻³³ se²¹/

/fu³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/fɐu̯²¹ sɐi̯³³/

/pʰu²⁴⁻²² se²¹/

/hu²⁴⁻²² se²¹/

/pʰu²⁴⁻²² se⁴¹/

/hu²⁴⁻²² se⁴¹/

/pʰu¹³⁻²² se²¹/

/hu¹³⁻²² se²¹/

/pʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ se¹¹/

/hu²⁴⁻¹¹ se¹¹/

/pʰu²³⁻³³ se²¹/

/hu²³⁻³³ se²¹/


外教

/waɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/ŋɔːi̯²² kaːu̯³³/

/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ kau̯⁵⁵/

/ɡua²²⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² kau⁴¹/

/waɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/ŋɔːi̯²² kaːu̯³³/

/ŋoi̯⁵⁵ kau̯⁵⁵/

/ɡua²²⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² kau⁴¹/


南無阿彌陀佛

ja-r

^な%む% ^あ%み%だ%ぶつ

desc

나무아미타불(南無阿彌陀佛)

CJKV/code

^な%む% ^あ%み%だ%ぶつ

Sino-Xenic (南無阿彌陀佛):
* → Japanese: 南(な)無(む)阿(あ)弥(み)陀(だ)仏(ぶつ) (Namu Amidabutsu)
* → Korean: 나무아미타불(南無阿彌陀佛) (namuamitabul)
* → Vietnamese: Nam mô A Di Đà Phật (南無阿彌陀佛)

CJKV

^な%む% ^あ%み%だ%ぶつ

Nāmó Ēmítuófó

Námó Ēmítuófó

ㄋㄚ ㄇㄛˊ ㄜ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

ㄋㄚˊ ㄇㄛˊ ㄜ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

Nāmó Ēmítuófó

Намо Эмитофо

/nä⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤ⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

Námó Ēmítuófó

/nä³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤ⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ mɔː²¹ ɔː⁵⁵ mei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/naːm²¹ mɔː²¹ ɔː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/naː⁵⁵ mɔː²¹ ɔː⁵⁵ mei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/naː⁵⁵ mɔː²¹ ɔː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/na¹¹ mo¹¹ o²⁴⁻¹¹ ni²⁴ tʰo¹¹ fut̚⁵/

/nˡaŋ⁵³ mo⁵³ o⁵⁵ mi⁵³ ^((tʰ-))lo⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uʔ⁵/

na² mo² or¹ bi² tor² hoh⁷ [Phonetic:na⁵ mo² or⁵ bi¹ tor⁵ hoh⁷]

/na¹³⁻¹¹ mo¹³ ɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ pi¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ¹³⁻¹¹ hɔʔ⁴/

na² mo² or¹ bi² tor² huoh⁷ [Phonetic:na⁵ mo² or⁵ bi¹ tor⁵ huoh⁷]

/na²⁴⁻²¹ mo²⁴ ɒ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ pi²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ²⁴⁻²¹ huoʔ⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² bu²⁴⁻²² o⁴⁴⁻²² bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² bu²⁴⁻²² o³³ bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ to²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² bu¹³⁻²² o⁴⁴⁻²² bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to¹³⁻²² hut̚¹²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ bu²⁴⁻¹¹ o⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ bu²³⁻³³ ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/nä⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤ⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/nä³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤ⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ mɔː²¹ ɔː⁵⁵ mei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/naː⁵⁵ mɔː²¹ ɔː⁵⁵ mei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/na¹¹ mo¹¹ o²⁴⁻¹¹ ni²⁴ tʰo¹¹ fut̚⁵/

Borrowed from Sanskrit नमोऽमिताभाय (namoʼmitābhāya).

(Buddhism) Namo Amitābhāya, a common phrase of salutation used by Buddhists


塵世

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (塵世):
* → Japanese: 塵世(じんせい) (jinsei)
* → Vietnamese: trần thế (塵世)

/ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɐn²¹ sɐi̯³³/

/t͡sʰɨn¹¹ sɨ⁵⁵/

/tin²³⁻³³ se²¹/

/tin²⁴⁻²² se⁴¹/

/tin²⁴⁻²² se²¹/

/tin²⁴⁻¹¹ se¹¹/

/tin¹³⁻²² si²¹/

/zən²² sz̩⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɐn²¹ sɐi̯³³/

/t͡sʰɨn¹¹ sɨ⁵⁵/

/tin²³⁻³³ se²¹/

/tin²⁴⁻²² se⁴¹/

/tin²⁴⁻²² se²¹/

/tin²⁴⁻¹¹ se¹¹/

/tin¹³⁻²² si²¹/

/zən²² sz̩⁴⁴/

(Buddhism, Taoism) the human world; the world of mortals


諸行無常

ㄓㄨ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄨˊ ㄔㄤˊ

ㄓㄨ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄨˊ ㄔㄤˊ

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵ u³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ hɐŋ²¹ mou̯²¹ sœːŋ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵ u³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ hɐŋ²¹ mou̯²¹ sœːŋ²¹/

From 大般涅槃經 (Mahāparinibbāṇa Sutta):
A phrase consisting of 諸 /诸 (zhū, “all, every”) + 行 (“deed, accomplishment”) + 無常 /无常 (wúcháng, “impermanent”), in turn a translation (directly or via Pali) of Sanskrit सर्व संस्कारा अनित्याः (sarva saṃskārā anityāḥ, literally “all deeds are impermanent”).

der

सर्व संस्कारा अनित्याः

Everything is impermanent. This is the law of birth and death.

諸行無常，是生滅法。

诸行无常，是生灭法。

(Buddhism) worldly things are impermanent


尼僧

/ni³⁵ sɤŋ⁵⁵/

/nei̯²¹ t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/nei̯²¹ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/ni³⁵ sɤŋ⁵⁵/

/nei̯²¹ t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/nei̯²¹ sɐŋ⁵⁵/


轉生

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) to reincarnate; to transmigrate


轉生

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/


陀羅尼

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (陀羅尼):
* → Japanese: 陀(だ)羅(ら)尼(に) (darani)
* → Korean: 다라니(陀羅尼) (darani)
* → Vietnamese: đà la ni (陀羅尼)

ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ

ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ

/tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ni³⁵/

/tʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹ nei̯²¹/

/tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ni³⁵/

/tʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹ nei̯²¹/


法力

Sino-Xenic (法力):
* → Japanese: 法力(ほうりき) (hōriki)
* → Korean: 법력(法力) (beomnyeok)
* → Vietnamese: pháp lực (法力)

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/haʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ liʔ⁴/

/haʔ²⁻⁴ liʔ⁴/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/haʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ liʔ⁴/

/haʔ²⁻⁴ liʔ⁴/

(Buddhism) dharma power; power of Buddhist doctrines


羅剎

Sino-Xenic (羅剎):
* → Japanese: 羅(ら)刹(せつ) (rasetsu)
* → Korean: 나찰(羅刹) (nachal)
* → Vietnamese: La Sát (羅剎)

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵¹/

/lɔː²¹ t͡sʰaːt̚³/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵¹/

/lɔː²¹ t͡sʰaːt̚³/

Borrowed from Sanskrit राक्षस (rākṣasa).

(Hindu mythology, Hinduism, Buddhism) rakshasa


牛頭

Sino-Xenic (牛頭):
* → Japanese: 牛頭(ごず) (Gozu)

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/ŋi̯u¹¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ tʰau²³/

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/ŋi̯u¹¹ tʰeu̯¹¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² tʰau²⁴/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² tʰau¹³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰau²⁴/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ tʰau²³/

(Buddhism, Taoism, Chinese mythology, Japanese mythology) Ox-Head, one of the two guardians of hell


有情

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵/

/jɐu̯¹³ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹/

/u²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ¹³/

/u³³⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ²⁴/

/u³³⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²³/

/u²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²⁴/

/u²² t͡siɪŋ²⁴/

/iu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ¹³/

/iu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siɪŋ²⁴/

/iu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ²³/

/iu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ²⁴/

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵/

/jɐu̯¹³ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹/

/u²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ¹³/

/u³³⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ²⁴/

/u³³⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²³/

/u²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²⁴/

/u²² t͡siɪŋ²⁴/

/iu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ¹³/

/iu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siɪŋ²⁴/

/iu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ²³/

/iu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ²⁴/

The Buddhism sense translates Sanskrit सत्त्व (sattva).

(Buddhism) sentient beings; living things


檀那

/tʰän³⁵ nä⁵¹/

/tʰän³⁵ nä⁵¹/


檀那

→ Japanese: 旦那 (danna)

/tʰän³⁵ nä⁵¹/

/tʰän³⁵ nä⁵¹/

(Buddhism) donor; benefactor (of a monastery)


白毫

Sino-Xenic (白毫):
* → Japanese: 白(びゃく)毫(ごう) (byakugō)
* → Korean: 백호(白毫) (baekho)

/paɪ̯³⁵ xɑʊ̯³⁵/

/paɪ̯³⁵ xɑʊ̯³⁵/

(Buddhism) urna, the whorl of white hair on the forehead of Buddha


輪迴

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (輪迴):
* → Japanese: 輪(りん)廻(ね) (rinne)
* → Korean: 윤회(輪廻) (yunhoe), 륜회(輪廻) (ryunhoe)
* → Vietnamese: luân hồi (輪迴)

/lu̯ən³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵/

/lɵn²¹ wuːi̯²¹/

/lun²³⁻³³ he²³/

/lun²⁴⁻¹¹ he²⁴/

/lu̯ən³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵/

/lɵn²¹ wuːi̯²¹/

/lun²³⁻³³ he²³/

/lun²⁴⁻¹¹ he²⁴/

Calque of Sanskrit संसार (saṃsāra, “passing through a succession of states”). Tibetan equivalent is འཁོར་བ ('khor ba).

cal

(Buddhism) samsara; transmigration; cycle of birth, death and rebirth


袈裟

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (袈裟):
* → Japanese: 袈裟(けさ) (kesa)
* → Korean: 가사(袈裟) (gasa)
* → Vietnamese: cà-sa (袈裟)

→ Zhuang: gyahsah

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵/

/ka²⁴⁻¹¹ sa²⁴/

/ka⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾la⁵⁵/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ se⁴⁴/

/kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² sɛ⁴⁴/

/ke³³⁻²³ se³³/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵/

/ka²⁴⁻¹¹ sa²⁴/

/ka⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾la⁵⁵/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ se⁴⁴/

/kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² sɛ⁴⁴/

/ke³³⁻²³ se³³/

From Sanskrit काषाय (kāṣāya, “brownish red; brown-red cloth or garment”).

der

(Buddhism) kasaya (the robes of fully ordained Buddhist monks and nuns)


首座

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɐu̯³⁵ t͡sɔː²²/

/siu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡so²²/

/siu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡so⁴¹/

/siu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡so²²/

/siu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡so³³/

/siu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɤ³³/

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɐu̯³⁵ t͡sɔː²²/

/siu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡so²²/

/siu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡so⁴¹/

/siu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡so²²/

/siu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡so³³/

/siu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɤ³³/


乾闥婆

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (乾闥婆):
* → Japanese: 乾闥婆(けんだつば) (kendatsuba)
* → Korean: 건달바(乾闥婆) (geondalba)
* → Vietnamese: Càn Thát Bà (乾闥婆)

ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄊㄚˋ ㄆㄛˊ

ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄊㄚˋ ㄆㄛˊ

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tʰä⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/kʰiːn²¹ tʰaːt̚³ pʰɔː²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tʰä⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/kʰiːn²¹ tʰaːt̚³ pʰɔː²¹/

From Sanskrit गन्धर्व (gandharva) / Pali gandhabba.

(Buddhism) Gandharva, one of the lowest-ranking devas in Buddhist cosmology.


果果

/ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɔː³⁵ kʷɔː³⁵/

/ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɔː³⁵ kʷɔː³⁵/

(Buddhism) nirvana; reaching the state of nirvana


法會

Sino-Xenic (法會):
* → Japanese: 法(ほう)会(え) (hōe)
* → Korean: 법회(法會) (beophoe)

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/faːt̚³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/haʔ²¹⁻⁴² huei¹¹/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/faːt̚³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/haʔ²¹⁻⁴² huei¹¹/

(Buddhism) puja; Buddhist memorial service


寶殿

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

(Buddhism) main hall in a Buddhist temple


五作業根

ㄨˇ ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄝˋ ㄍㄣ

ㄨˇ ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄝˋ ㄍㄣ

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹ kən⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ t͡sɔːk̚³ jiːp̚² kɐn⁵⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹ kən⁵⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ t͡sɔːk̚³ jiːp̚² kɐn⁵⁵/

Translation of Sanskrit पञ्च कर्मेन्द्रियानि (pañca karmendriyāni, “five organs of action”).

cog

पञ्च कर्मेन्द्रियानि

(Buddhism) The five working organs: the mouth, hands, feet, sex organs, and anus.


出家

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (出家):
* → Japanese: 出(しゅっ)家(け) (shukke)
* → Korean: 출가(出家) (chulga)
* → Vietnamese: xuất gia (出家)

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɨt̚⁵ ka⁴²/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ ke³³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ ke⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰuk̚²⁻⁴ ke³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɨt̚⁵ ka⁴²/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ ke³³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ ke⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰuk̚²⁻⁴ ke³³/

659 CE, Li Dashi and Li Yanshou, History of the Southern Dynasties

Zìjīn gōngsī jiē bùdé chūjiā wéi dào, jí qǐlì tǎ sì, yǐ zhái wéi jīngshè, bìng yán duàn zhī.

自今公私皆不得出家爲道，及起立塔寺，以宅爲精舍，幷嚴斷之。

自今公私皆不得出家为道，及起立塔寺，以宅为精舍，并严断之。

(intransitive, Buddhism, Taoism) to leave home to become monk or nun


苦海

Sino-Xenic (苦海):
* → Japanese: 苦(く)海(かい) (kukai)
* → Korean: 고해(苦海) (gohae)
* → Vietnamese: khổ hải (苦海)

/kʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː³⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hai⁵³/

/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hai⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hai⁵³/

/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hai⁵³/

/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hai⁴¹/

/kʰou⁵²⁻³⁵ hai⁵²⁻²¹/

/kʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fuː³⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hai⁵³/

/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hai⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hai⁵³/

/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hai⁵³/

/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hai⁴¹/

/kʰou⁵²⁻³⁵ hai⁵²⁻²¹/

Calque of Sanskrit दुःख समुद्र (duḥkha samudra).

calque

脫離苦海

脱离苦海

(Buddhism or figurative) the sea of bitterness; the ocean of suffering; the abyss of misery; this (weary) world


老佛爺

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛ³⁵/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛ³/

/lou̯¹³ fɐt̚² jɛː²¹/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛ³⁵/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛ³/

/lou̯¹³ fɐt̚² jɛː²¹/


一來

Calque of Sanskrit सकृदागामिन् (sakṛdāgāmin, “once-returner”).

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ laɪ̯³⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵ lɔːi̯²¹/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ lai²⁴/

/it̚⁵⁻²⁴ lai²⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁵ lai¹³/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ lai²⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ lai²³/

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ laɪ̯³⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵ lɔːi̯²¹/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ lai²⁴/

/it̚⁵⁻²⁴ lai²⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁵ lai¹³/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ lai²⁴/

/it̚³²⁻⁴ lai²³/


閻羅王

ㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄨㄤˊ

ㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄨㄤˊ

/jɛn³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/

/jiːm²¹ lɔː²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

/ŋi̯am¹¹ lo¹¹ voŋ¹¹/

/ŋi̯am¹¹ lo¹¹ voŋ¹¹/

/ŋi̯am¹¹ lo³¹ voŋ¹¹/

/ŋiŋ³³ lɔ³³ uaŋ³³/

/ŋia⁵³⁻⁵⁵ l̃a⁵³⁻⁵⁵ uoŋ⁵³/

/ɡiam¹³⁻²² lo¹³⁻²² ɔŋ¹³/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻¹¹ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ ɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡiam²³⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ ɔŋ²³/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻¹¹ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋ̍²⁴/

/ɡiam²³⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ ŋ̍²³/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² ŋ̍²⁴/

/ŋiam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ uaŋ⁵⁵/

/n̠ʲi²² lu⁵⁵ ɦuɑ̃²¹/

/jɛn³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/

/jiːm²¹ lɔː²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

/ŋi̯am¹¹ lo¹¹ voŋ¹¹/

/ŋi̯am¹¹ lo¹¹ voŋ¹¹/

/ŋi̯am¹¹ lo³¹ voŋ¹¹/

/ŋiŋ³³ lɔ³³ uaŋ³³/

/ŋia⁵³⁻⁵⁵ l̃a⁵³⁻⁵⁵ uoŋ⁵³/

/ɡiam¹³⁻²² lo¹³⁻²² ɔŋ¹³/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² ɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻¹¹ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ ɔŋ²⁴/

/ɡiam²³⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ ɔŋ²³/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻¹¹ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋ̍²⁴/

/ɡiam²³⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ ŋ̍²³/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² ŋ̍²⁴/

/ŋiam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ uaŋ⁵⁵/

/n̠ʲi²² lu⁵⁵ ɦuɑ̃²¹/

Partial calque of Sanskrit यमराज (yamarāja).

partial calque

(Buddhism, Chinese mythology) Synonym of 閻羅 /阎罗 (Yánluó, “Yama (god of the underworld)”)


菩提子

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰɐi̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰe²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵³/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ tʰe²³⁻³³ t͡si⁴¹/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰe²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵³/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ tʰe²³⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰɐi̯²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰe²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡si⁵³/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ tʰe²³⁻³³ t͡si⁴¹/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰe²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵³/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ tʰe²³⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

(Buddhism) Bodhi-seeds, or beads, the hard seeds of a kind of Himalayan grass, also of a tree at Tiantai, used for rosaries.


菩提

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (菩提):
* → Japanese: 菩提(ぼだい) (bodai)
* → Korean: 보제(菩提) (boje), 보리(菩提) (bori)
* → Vietnamese: bồ đề (菩提)

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰɐi̯²¹/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² tʰe²⁴/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² tʰe²⁴/

/pʰɔ¹³⁻²² tʰe¹³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰe²⁴/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ tʰe²³/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰɐi̯²¹/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² tʰe²⁴/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² tʰe²⁴/

/pʰɔ¹³⁻²² tʰe¹³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰe²⁴/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ tʰe²³/

Until the hells are empty, I vow to not attain Buddhahood; only when all living beings are saved, shall I attain enlightenment.

The Kṣitigarbha Bodhisattva Pūrvapraṇidhāna Sūtra

Dìyù bù kōng, shì bù chéngfó; zhòngshēng dù jìn, fāng zhèng pútí.

地獄不空，誓不成佛；眾生度盡，方證菩提。

地狱不空，誓不成佛；众生度尽，方证菩提。


大日如來

Sino-Xenic (大日如來):
* → Japanese: 大日如来(だいにちにょらい) (dainichi nyorai)
* → Korean: 대일여래(大日如來) (daeiryeorae)

ㄉㄚˋ ㄖˋ ㄖㄨˊ ㄌㄞˊ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄖˋ ㄖㄨˊ ㄌㄞˊ

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹ ʐu³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹ ʐu³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/


取經

/t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯³⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy²¹³⁻¹³ t͡ɕin⁴²/

/t͡sʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiɪŋ³³/

/t͡sʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯³⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy²¹³⁻¹³ t͡ɕin⁴²/

/t͡sʰu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiɪŋ³³/

/t͡sʰi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

(Buddhism, historical) to go on a pilgrimage trip to India to acquire Buddhist scriptures


清淨

ja-r

清浄(しょうじょう) (shōjō)

清浄(せいじょう) (seijō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (清淨):
* → Japanese: 清浄(しょうじょう) (shōjō); 清浄(せいじょう) (seijō)
* → Korean: 정진(清淨) (jeongjin)
* → Vietnamese: thanh tịnh (清淨)

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪŋ²²/

/t͡sʰin²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi̯aŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²²/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²²/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪŋ²²/

/t͡sʰin²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi̯aŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²²/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²²/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ³³/

(Buddhism) purified of defiling illusion


性具

/ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕy⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ kɵy̯²²/

/ɕiŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕy⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ kɵy̯²²/

(Buddhism) inherent entailment of all specific phenomena in the nature of the Three Truths


坐禪

Sino-Xenic (坐禪):
* → Japanese: 座(ざ)禅(ぜん) (zazen)
* → Korean: 좌선(坐禪) (jwaseon)

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵/

/t͡sɔː²² siːm²¹/

/søy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ sieŋ⁵³/

/t͡sə²² siɛn²⁴/

/t͡se²²⁻²¹ siɛn¹³/

/t͡se³³⁻¹¹ siɛn²⁴/

/t͡se²²⁻²¹ siɛn²⁴/

/t͡se³³⁻²¹ siɛn²³/

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵/

/t͡sɔː²² siːm²¹/

/søy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ sieŋ⁵³/

/t͡sə²² siɛn²⁴/

/t͡se²²⁻²¹ siɛn¹³/

/t͡se³³⁻¹¹ siɛn²⁴/

/t͡se²²⁻²¹ siɛn²⁴/

/t͡se³³⁻²¹ siɛn²³/


禪杖

/ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑ̃ɻ⁵¹/

/siːm²¹ t͡sœːŋ²²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑ̃ɻ⁵¹/

/siːm²¹ t͡sœːŋ²²/


天眼

Sino-Xenic (天眼):
* → Japanese: 天眼(てんげん) (tengen); 天眼(てんがん) (tengan)
* → Korean: 천안(天眼) (cheonan)

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ ŋaːn¹³/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ ŋaːn¹³/

Calque of Sanskrit दिव्यचक्षुस् (divyacakṣus) or Pali dibbacakkhu.

calque

दिव्यचक्षुस्


比丘尼

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (比丘尼):
* → Japanese: 比丘尼(びくに) (bikuni)
* → Korean: 비구니(比丘尼) (biguni)
* → Vietnamese: tỉ-khâu-ni (比丘尼)

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ni³⁵/

/pei̯³⁵ jɐu̯⁵⁵ nei̯²¹/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ ni³⁵/

/pei̯³⁵ jɐu̯⁵⁵ nei̯²¹/

Borrowed from Pali bhikkhunī, from Sanskrit भिक्षुणी (bhikṣuṇī).


唐卡

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ kʰaː⁵⁵/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ kʰaː⁵⁵/


僧塔

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ tʰaːp̚³/

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ tʰaːp̚³/

(Buddhism) small stupa for storing sarira, scriptures and other religious items


法號

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xaʊ̯ɻʷ⁵¹/


上乘

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²² sɪŋ²²/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²² sɪŋ²²/


凡夫

Sino-Xenic (凡夫):
* → Japanese: 凡(ぼん)夫(ぷ) (bonpu)
* → Korean: 범부(凡夫) (beombu)
* → Vietnamese: phàm phu (凡夫)


施食

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ sɪk̚²/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ sɪk̚²/

(Buddhism) to offer food to monks or hungry ghosts


皈依

Sino-Xenic (皈依):
* → Japanese: 帰依(きえ) (kie)
* → Korean: 귀의(歸依) (gwiui)
* → Vietnamese: quy y (皈依)

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ i⁵⁵/

/kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː⁵⁵/

/ku̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ i²⁴/

/kui⁴⁴⁻²² i⁴⁴/

/kui⁴⁴⁻²² i⁴⁴/

/kui⁴⁴⁻³³ i⁴⁴/

/kui⁴⁴⁻³³ i⁴⁴/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ i⁵⁵/

/kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː⁵⁵/

/ku̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ i²⁴/

/kui⁴⁴⁻²² i⁴⁴/

/kui⁴⁴⁻²² i⁴⁴/

/kui⁴⁴⁻³³ i⁴⁴/

/kui⁴⁴⁻³³ i⁴⁴/

Calque of Sanskrit शरणम् गच्छामि (śaraṇam gacchāmi, “to go to a refuge”).

cal

शरणम् गच्छामि

皈依三寶／皈依三宝

皈依佛門／皈依佛门

That commandery marquess kowtowed in obeisance, vowing to become a Buddhist.

Wu Cheng'en, Journey to the West, 16ᵗʰ century CE

那郡侯磕頭禮拜，誓願皈依。

那郡侯磕头礼拜，誓愿皈依。

(Buddhism, intransitive) to become a Buddhist


娑婆

/su̯ɔ⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɔː⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹/

/su̯ɔ⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɔː⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹/

Borrowed from Sanskrit सह (saha, “name of a division of the world < bearing; enduring”), as in सहलोकधातु (sahalokadhātu, “world inhabited by men; earth”).

bor

(Buddhism) world of endurance; outside world; this world (which is full of suffering)


參禪

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (參禪):
* → Japanese: 参(さん)禅(ぜん) (sanzen)
* → Korean: 참선(參禪) (chamseon)

/t͡sʰän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵/

/t͡sʰän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵/


班禪

/pän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵/

/pän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵/

班禪喇嘛 班禪喇嘛#Chinese

班禅喇嘛 班禅喇嘛#Chinese

(Buddhism) Short for 班禪喇嘛／班禅喇嘛 (bānchán lǎma, “Panchen Lama”).


班禪喇嘛

ㄅㄢ ㄔㄢˊ ㄌㄚˇ ˙ㄇㄚ

ㄅㄢ ㄔㄢˊ ㄌㄚˇ ˙ㄇㄚ

баньчань лама

/pän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ lä²¹⁴ mä⁴/

/paːn⁵⁵ siːm²¹ laː⁵⁵ maː²¹/

/pän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ lä²¹⁴ mä⁴/

/paːn⁵⁵ siːm²¹ laː⁵⁵ maː²¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan པན་ཆེན་བླ་མ (pan chen bla ma).


上西天

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ¹³ sɐi̯⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ¹³ sɐi̯⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

† - euphemistic; ‡ - usually of the elderly; ¤ - humorous; § - derogatory/disrespectful


超生

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯⁵⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯⁵⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiau³³ sŋ̍³³/

/t͡sʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯⁵⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯⁵⁵ saːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiau³³ sŋ̍³³/

/t͡sʰiau⁴⁴⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰiau⁴⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/


經變

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ piːn³³/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ piːn³³/

(Buddhism) pictorial representation of Buddhist narratives; sutra painting


變相

/pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/piːn³³ sœːŋ³³/

/piɛn²¹⁻⁵³ siɔŋ²¹/

/piɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/

/piɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ siɔŋ²¹/

/piɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ siɔŋ¹¹/

/piɛn²¹⁻⁵³ siaŋ²¹/

/pĩ¹¹⁻⁵³ siaŋ¹¹/

/pĩ²¹⁻⁴¹ siaŋ²¹/

/pĩ²¹⁻⁴¹ siũ²¹/

/pĩ¹¹⁻⁵³ siũ¹¹/

/piaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ siaŋ²¹³/

/pi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/piːn³³ sœːŋ³³/

/piɛn²¹⁻⁵³ siɔŋ²¹/

/piɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ siɔŋ⁴¹/

/piɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ siɔŋ²¹/

/piɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ siɔŋ¹¹/

/piɛn²¹⁻⁵³ siaŋ²¹/

/pĩ¹¹⁻⁵³ siaŋ¹¹/

/pĩ²¹⁻⁴¹ siaŋ²¹/

/pĩ²¹⁻⁴¹ siũ²¹/

/pĩ¹¹⁻⁵³ siũ¹¹/

/piaŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ siaŋ²¹³/

(Buddhism) Synonym of 經變 /经变 (jīngbiàn, “sutra painting”)


寶樹

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵¹/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵¹/

Calque of Sanskrit रत्नवृक्ष (ratnavṛkṣa).


七寶池

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ pou̯³⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ pou̯³⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/

(Buddhism) pool of seven jewels in the Pure Land of Sukhavati


極樂世界

ㄐㄧˊ ㄌㄜˋ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ

ㄐㄧˊ ㄌㄜˋ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ

/t͡ɕi³⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/kɪk̚² lɔːk̚² sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² lɔk̚⁴⁻³² se²¹⁻⁴¹ kai²¹/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² lɔk̚⁴⁻³² se¹¹⁻⁵³ kai¹¹/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² lɔk̚⁴⁻³² se²¹⁻⁵³ kai²¹/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/kɪk̚² lɔːk̚² sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² lɔk̚⁴⁻³² se²¹⁻⁴¹ kai²¹/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² lɔk̚⁴⁻³² se¹¹⁻⁵³ kai¹¹/

/kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² lɔk̚⁴⁻³² se²¹⁻⁵³ kai²¹/

Translation of Sanskrit सुखावतीलोकधातु (sukhāvatīlokadhātu).

der

सुखावतीलोकधातु


甘露

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (甘露):
* → Japanese: 甘(かん)露(ろ) (kanro)
* → Korean: 감로(甘露) (gamno)
* → Vietnamese: cam lộ (甘露), cam lồ (甘露)

/kam²⁴⁻¹¹ lu⁵⁵/

/kam⁴⁴⁻²² lɔ²²/

/kam⁴⁴⁻²² lɔ²²/

/kam⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔ³³/

/kam⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔ³³/

/kam²⁴⁻¹¹ lu⁵⁵/

/kam⁴⁴⁻²² lɔ²²/

/kam⁴⁴⁻²² lɔ²²/

/kam⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔ³³/

/kam⁴⁴⁻³³ lɔ³³/


僧伽

Sino-Xenic (僧伽):
* → Japanese: 僧伽(そうぎゃ) (sōgya)
* → Korean: 승가(僧伽) (seungga)
* → Vietnamese: tăng già (僧伽)

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ³⁵/

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ kʰɛː²¹/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ kʰɛː²¹/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ³³ ka³³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ³⁵/

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ kʰɛː²¹/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ kʰɛː²¹/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ³³ ka³³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

Borrowed from Sanskrit संघ (saṃgha, “collection, multitude, crowd, community, association”) or Pali sangha. (Dassanayake, 2021) Tibetan equivalent is དགེ་འདུན (dge 'dun).

bor

(Buddhism) sangha; Buddhist community of monks, nuns, novices and laity


舌根

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (舌根):
* → Japanese: 舌根(ぜっこん) (zekkon)
* → Korean: 설근(舌根) (seolgeun)
* → Vietnamese: thiệt căn (舌根)

/ʂɤ³⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/ʂɤ³⁵ kəɻ⁵⁵/

/t͡si(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ kin⁴⁴/

/ʂɤ³⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/ʂɤ³⁵ kəɻ⁵⁵/

/t͡si(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ kin⁴⁴/

The Buddhism sense is a translation of Sanskrit जिह्वेन्द्रिय (jihvendriya, “tongue faculty”). The Tibetan equivalent is ལྕེའི་དབང་པོ (lce'i dbang po).

der

जिह्वेन्द्रिय

(Buddhism) “tongue or taste faculty”, one of the six sensory faculties


耳根

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (耳根):
* → Japanese: 耳根(にこん) (nikon)
* → Korean: 이근(耳根) (igeun)
* → Vietnamese: nhĩ căn (耳根)

/ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kən⁵⁵/

/ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kəɻ⁵⁵/

/jiː¹³ kɐn⁵⁵/

/ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kən⁵⁵/

/ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kəɻ⁵⁵/

/jiː¹³ kɐn⁵⁵/

The Buddhism sense is a translation of Sanskrit श्रोत्रेन्द्रिय (śrotrendriya, “sense or organ of hearing”). The Tibetan equivalent is རྣ་བའི་དབང་པོ (rna ba'i dbang po).

der

श्रोत्रेन्द्रिय

(Buddhism) “ear or hearing faculty”, one of the six sensory faculties


禪宗

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (禪宗):
* → Japanese: 禅(ぜん)宗(しゅう) (zenshū)
* → Korean: 선종(禪宗) (seonjong)
* → Vietnamese: thiền tông (禪宗)

/ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/siːm²¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/siɛn²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/siɛn²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ³³/

/siɛn¹³⁻²² t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/siɛn²³⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/siːm²¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/siɛn²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/siɛn²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ³³/

/siɛn¹³⁻²² t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/

/siɛn²³⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴/


剃度

/tʰi⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/

/tʰi⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/


三藏

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ²²/

/sam³³ t͡sɔŋ⁴¹/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ²²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ²²/

/sam³³ t͡sɔŋ⁴¹/

/sam⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ²²/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/sam⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³/

Calque of Pali tipiṭaka, from ti (“three”) + piṭaka (“basket, collection of canons”), and Sanskrit त्रिपिटक (tripiṭaka), from त्रि (tri) + पिटक (piṭaka).


數珠

/ʂu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/ʂu⁵¹ ɖ͡ʐ̥u¹/

/ʂu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂuɻʷ⁵⁵/

/su⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/su⁵¹ ɖ͡ʐ̥u¹/

/su⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂuɻʷ⁵⁵/

/su⁵¹ ɖ͡ʐ̥uɻʷ¹/

/sɔ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁴⁴/

/sɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁴⁴/

/sɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ʂu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/ʂu⁵¹ ɖ͡ʐ̥u¹/

/ʂu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂuɻʷ⁵⁵/

/su⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/su⁵¹ ɖ͡ʐ̥u¹/

/su⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂuɻʷ⁵⁵/

/su⁵¹ ɖ͡ʐ̥uɻʷ¹/

/sɔ²¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁴⁴/

/sɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡su⁴⁴/

/sɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡su⁴⁴/


梵音

(Buddhism) sounds of Sanskrit; Buddhist chanting


施主

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (施主):
* → Japanese: 施(せ)主(しゅ) (seshu)
* → Korean: 시주(施主) (siju)
* → Vietnamese: thí chủ (施主)

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/siː⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵/

Calque of Sanskrit दानपति (dānapati, “lord of alms”).

cal

(Buddhism, Taoism, used by monks and priests, respectful) alms giver; benefactor; patron


因由

/in⁵⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/

/in⁵⁵ jɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ jɐu̯²¹/

/ʒin⁵³ ʒiu⁵⁵/

/in⁴⁴⁻²² iu²⁴/

/in⁴⁴⁻²² iu¹³/

/in⁴⁴⁻³³ iu²⁴/

/in⁴⁴⁻³³ iu²³/

/in⁵⁵ joʊ̯³⁵/

/in⁵⁵ jɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ jɐu̯²¹/

/ʒin⁵³ ʒiu⁵⁵/

/in⁴⁴⁻²² iu²⁴/

/in⁴⁴⁻²² iu¹³/

/in⁴⁴⁻³³ iu²⁴/

/in⁴⁴⁻³³ iu²³/

(Buddhism) hetu and prataya; principal and secondary causes


佛塔

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɐt̚² tʰaːp̚³/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² tʰaʔ³²/

/hut̚²⁴⁻² tʰaʔ⁵/

/hut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tʰaʔ³²/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² tʰaʔ³²/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² tʰaʔ³²/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɐt̚² tʰaːp̚³/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² tʰaʔ³²/

/hut̚²⁴⁻² tʰaʔ⁵/

/hut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tʰaʔ³²/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² tʰaʔ³²/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² tʰaʔ³²/


六趣

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰy⁵¹/

(Buddhism) the six realms of existence into which souls are reborn in the cycle of samsara


佛藏

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/fɐt̚² t͡sɔːŋ²²/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/fɐt̚² t͡sɔːŋ²²/


剎多羅

ㄔㄚˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄔㄚˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

/ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

Borrowed from Sanskrit क्षेत्र (kṣetra, “land, domain”).

bor

(Buddhism) Buddhist monastery, temple or shrine


密宗

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (密宗):
* → Korean: 밀종(密宗) (miljong)

/mi⁵¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐt̚² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/mi⁵¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐt̚² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/


耶輸陀羅

ㄧㄝˊ ㄕㄨ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄧㄝˊ ㄕㄨ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

/jɛ³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jɛ³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

Transliteration of Sanskrit यशोधरा (Yaśodharā).

(Buddhism) Yasodhara (former wife of the Buddha)


切身

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːt̚³ sɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ sin³³/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiak̚²⁻⁴ siŋ³³/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːt̚³ sɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ sin³³/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiak̚²⁻⁴ siŋ³³/

(Buddhism, linguistics) compound character that combines two characters meant to be read through fanqie to transliterate Sanskrit syllables


三寶

Sino-Xenic (三寶):
* → Japanese: 三宝(さんぼう) (sanbō)
* → Korean: 삼보(三寶) (sambo)
* → Vietnamese: tam bảo (三寶)

/sän⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sän⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


佛祖

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/huʔ⁵⁻³³ t͡su³³/

/hɔʔ⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɔu⁴⁵³/

/huoʔ⁴⁻² t͡sɔu³³²/

/put̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁵³/

/put̚²⁴⁻² t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/put̚⁴³⁻²¹ t͡sɔ⁴²/

/put̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/hut̚⁴⁻³ t͡sɔ⁴⁴⁵/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁵³/

/hut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/vəʔ¹¹ t͡su²³/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/huʔ⁵⁻³³ t͡su³³/

/hɔʔ⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɔu⁴⁵³/

/huoʔ⁴⁻² t͡sɔu³³²/

/put̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁵³/

/put̚²⁴⁻² t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/put̚⁴³⁻²¹ t͡sɔ⁴²/

/put̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/hut̚⁴⁻³ t͡sɔ⁴⁴⁵/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁵³/

/hut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/vəʔ¹¹ t͡su²³/


佛祖

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/huʔ⁵⁻³³ t͡su³³/

/hɔʔ⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɔu⁴⁵³/

/huoʔ⁴⁻² t͡sɔu³³²/

/put̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁵³/

/put̚²⁴⁻² t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/put̚⁴³⁻²¹ t͡sɔ⁴²/

/put̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/hut̚⁴⁻³ t͡sɔ⁴⁴⁵/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁵³/

/hut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/vəʔ¹¹ t͡su²³/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/huʔ⁵⁻³³ t͡su³³/

/hɔʔ⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɔu⁴⁵³/

/huoʔ⁴⁻² t͡sɔu³³²/

/put̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁵³/

/put̚²⁴⁻² t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/put̚⁴³⁻²¹ t͡sɔ⁴²/

/put̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/hut̚⁴⁻³ t͡sɔ⁴⁴⁵/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁵³/

/hut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/vəʔ¹¹ t͡su²³/


法眼

Sino-Xenic (法眼):
* → Japanese: 法眼(ほうげん) (hōgen)
* → Korean: 법안(法眼) (beoban)

/fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/faːt̚³ ŋaːn¹³/

/huaʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ ŋaŋ³³/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ ɡan⁵⁵⁴/

/huat̚³²⁻⁵ ɡan⁵³/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ ɡan⁴¹/

/faʔ³³ ŋe⁴⁴/

/fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/faːt̚³ ŋaːn¹³/

/huaʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ ŋaŋ³³/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ ɡan⁵⁵⁴/

/huat̚³²⁻⁵ ɡan⁵³/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ ɡan⁴¹/

/faʔ³³ ŋe⁴⁴/

; "eye of the law"; etc.
; "Buddhist teaching; etc"

(Buddhism) "eye of the law" (either "mind which perceives both past and future" or "insight into the dharma")

Why does the Buddha speak of this dharma-teaching? So that his pupils (may) learn and become like the Buddha.

1001, *Devaśāntika (天息災) aka. Faxian (法賢), trans. Ratnaguṇasaṃcayagāthā (《佛母寶德藏般若波羅蜜經》)

Yúnhé Fó shuō cǐ fǎyǎn, lìng zhū dìzǐ rú Fó xué.

云何佛說此法眼，令諸弟子如佛學。

云何佛说此法眼，令诸弟子如佛学。


本生

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/pən³³ sã⁴⁴/

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/pən³³ sã⁴⁴/


普渡

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

/pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

/pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

(Buddhism) to save (sentient beings) universally


普渡

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

/pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁴¹/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

/pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ³³/

(Buddhism) Ghost Festival; Ullambana Festival


業障

/jɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/jiːp̚² t͡sœːŋ³³/

/ɡiap̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɔŋ²¹/

/ɡiap̚²⁴⁻² t͡siɔŋ⁴¹/

/ɡiap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siɔŋ²¹/

/ɡiap̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɔŋ¹¹/

/ɡiap̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɔŋ²¹/

/jɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/jiːp̚² t͡sœːŋ³³/

/ɡiap̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɔŋ²¹/

/ɡiap̚²⁴⁻² t͡siɔŋ⁴¹/

/ɡiap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siɔŋ²¹/

/ɡiap̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɔŋ¹¹/

/ɡiap̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɔŋ²¹/

Translation of Sanskrit कर्मावरण (karmāvaraṇa, “karmic obstruction”). The Tibetan equivalent is ལས་ཀྱི་སྒྲིབ་པ (las kyi sgrib pa).

der

(Buddhism) sin that detracts from one's good works; karmic hindrance


法名

ja-r

法名(ほうみょう) (hōmyō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (法名):
* → Japanese: 法名(ほうみょう) (hōmyō)
* → Korean: 법명(法名) (beommyeong)
* → Vietnamese: pháp danh (法名)

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ miŋ³⁵/

/faːt̚³ mɪŋ²¹/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ miŋ³⁵/

/faːt̚³ mɪŋ²¹/


弘法

/xʊŋ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐŋ²¹ faːt̚³/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² huat̚⁵/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² huat̚³²/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ huat̚³²/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ huat̚³²/

/xʊŋ³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐŋ²¹ faːt̚³/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² huat̚³²/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² huat̚⁵/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² huat̚³²/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ huat̚³²/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ huat̚³²/

(Buddhism) to propagate Buddhist teachings


沙門

Sino-Xenic (沙門):
* → Japanese: 沙門(しゃもん) (shamon)
* → Korean: 사문(沙門) (samun)
* → Vietnamese: sa môn (沙門)

Possibly from Tocharian, likely the Tocharian A ṣāmaṃ (Ji, 1998v12). Ultimately from Sanskrit श्रमण (śramaṇa), possibly via Gandhari 𐨮𐨨𐨣 (ṣamana /ʂəmənə/) (see Karashima, 2010).

/ʂä⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/sua⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/sua³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/sua⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍¹³/

/sua⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/sua⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/ʂä⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/sua⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/sua³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/sua⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍¹³/

/sua⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/sua⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/


淨土

Other

English: Pure Land, pure land

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɪŋ²² tʰou̯³⁵/

/t͡siɪŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰɔ⁵³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰɔ⁵³/

/t͡siɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ tʰɔ⁵³/

/t͡siɪŋ³³⁻²¹ tʰɔ⁴¹/

/t͡seŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰou⁵²/

/ʑin²² tʰu⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɪŋ²² tʰou̯³⁵/

/t͡siɪŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰɔ⁵³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻²² tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡siɪŋ²²⁻²¹ tʰɔ⁵³/

/t͡siɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ tʰɔ⁵³/

/t͡siɪŋ³³⁻²¹ tʰɔ⁴¹/

/t͡seŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ tʰou⁵²/

/ʑin²² tʰu⁴⁴/


經書

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ syː⁵⁵/

/kin²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ su⁴⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴⁴/

/kĩã³³⁻²³ t͡sɯ³³/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ syː⁵⁵/

/kin²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ su⁴⁴/

/kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴⁴/

/kĩã³³⁻²³ t͡sɯ³³/

classic books; classic texts
(specifically, Buddhism) scriptures


俗家

/su³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊk̚² kaː⁵⁵/

/su³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊk̚² kaː⁵⁵/

(Buddhism, used by a monk or a nun) my parents' home


唵嘛呢叭咪吽

ㄢˇ ㄇㄚ ㄋㄧ ㄅㄟ ㄇㄟ ㄏㄨㄥ

ㄛㄫ ㄇㄚ ㄋㄧ ㄅㄟ ㄇㄟ ㄏㄨㄥ

ㄢˇ ㄇㄚ ㄋㄧ ㄅㄟ ㄇㄟ ㄏㄨㄥ

ань мани бэймэй хун

/ˀän²¹⁴⁻²¹ mä⁵⁵ ni⁵⁵ peɪ̯⁵⁵ meɪ̯⁵⁵ xʊŋ⁵⁵/

ㄛㄫ ㄇㄚ ㄋㄧ ㄅㄟ ㄇㄟ ㄏㄨㄥ

ун мани бэймэй хун

/ˀʊŋ⁵⁵ mä⁵⁵ ni⁵⁵ peɪ̯⁵⁵ meɪ̯⁵⁵ xʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀʊŋ⁵⁵ mä⁵⁵ ni⁵⁵ peɪ̯⁵⁵ meɪ̯⁵⁵ xʊŋ⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Sanskrit ॐ मणिपद्मे हूं (oṃ maṇipadme hūṃ).

bor

ॐ मणिपद्मे हूं


佛珠

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂuɻʷ⁵⁵/

/fɐt̚² t͡syː⁵⁵/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² t͡su⁴⁴/

/put̚⁴⁻³² t͡su⁴⁴/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂuɻʷ⁵⁵/

/fɐt̚² t͡syː⁵⁵/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² t͡su⁴⁴/

/put̚⁴⁻³² t͡su⁴⁴/


舍利

/ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/sɛː³³ lei̯²²/

/ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹/

/sɛː³³ lei̯²²/

Borrowed from Sanskrit शरीर (śarīra, “body”).

(Buddhism) śarīra (relics, especially pearl-like objects, found in the cremated ashes of Buddhist spiritual masters)


舍利

/ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

(Buddhism, archaic) name of a bird (probably the myna), said to inhabit the Pure Land


舍利

/ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

(Buddhism) mother of Śāriputra (舍利弗), a chief male disciple of Gautama Buddha


禪師

/ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/sieŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾ny⁵⁵/

/siɛn¹³⁻²² su⁴⁴/

/siɛn²⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/

/siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/

/siɛn²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/

/siɛn²⁴⁻²² sɯ³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰän³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/sieŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾ny⁵⁵/

/siɛn¹³⁻²² su⁴⁴/

/siɛn²⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/

/siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/

/siɛn²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/

/siɛn²⁴⁻²² sɯ³³/

(Buddhism, honorific, usually as a title) Buddhist monk


釋迦

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/sɪk̚⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ka⁴⁴/

/siɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kɛ⁴⁴/

/siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰia⁴⁴/

/siɪk̚²⁻⁵ kʰia⁴⁴/

/siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kia⁴⁴/

/siɪk̚³²⁻⁵⁴ kiau⁴⁴/

/siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiau⁴⁴/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/sɪk̚⁵ kaː⁵⁵/

/siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ka⁴⁴/

/siɪk̚³²⁻⁵ kɛ⁴⁴/

/siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰia⁴⁴/

/siɪk̚²⁻⁵ kʰia⁴⁴/

/siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kia⁴⁴/

/siɪk̚³²⁻⁵⁴ kiau⁴⁴/

/siɪk̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiau⁴⁴/

釋迦牟尼 釋迦牟尼#Chinese

释迦牟尼 释迦牟尼#Chinese

(Buddhism) Short for 釋迦牟尼／释迦牟尼 (Shìjiāmóuní, “Śakyamuni Buddha”).


來生

/laɪ̯³⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːi̯²¹ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/lai²⁴⁻²² sŋ̍³³/

/lai¹³⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/lai²⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/lai²³⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/lai²⁴⁻¹¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/laɪ̯³⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːi̯²¹ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/lai²⁴⁻²² sŋ̍³³/

/lai¹³⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/lai²⁴⁻²² siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/lai²³⁻³³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/lai²⁴⁻¹¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

(Buddhism) the future world; the next world; the world to come; the afterlife; the next life


心水

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐm⁵⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐm⁵⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

(Buddhism) mind that can reflect reality


沙彌

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (沙彌):
* → Korean: 사미(沙彌) (sami)

Other

→ Malay: sami

→ Vietnamese: sa di

/sa⁴⁴⁻²² bi⁴⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻²² bi⁴⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁴⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁴⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻²² bi⁴⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻²² bi⁴⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁴⁴/

/sa⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁴⁴/

From Tocharian (Ji, 1998v12), in turn from Middle Indo-Aryan; cf. Tocharian A ṣāmner, Tocharian B ṣanmire or its variant form ṣarmire (Adams, 2013). Cognate to Niya Prakrit 𐨮𐨨𐨣𐨅𐨪 (ṣamanera), 𐨮𐨨𐨎𐨣𐨅𐨪 (ṣamaṃnera) or the partially Sanskritized form 𐨭𐨿𐨪𐨨𐨣𐨅𐨪 (śramanera), Pali sāmaṇera, and Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit श्रामणेर (śrāmaṇera), which is itself possibly a back-formation from Prakrit. One Tibetan equivalent is གྲྭ་ཆུང (grwa chung).


貧僧

/pʰin³⁵ sɤŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰɐn²¹ t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰin³⁵ sɤŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰɐn²¹ t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/

(Buddhism, humble) term of address used by a Buddhist monk to refer to oneself; I


僧徒

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵/

/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵/

/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

(Buddhism) Buddhist believers; monks and nuns


玄關

/ɕy̯ɛn³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/ɕy̯ɛn³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/

(figurative, Buddhism) entry to Buddhism


當頭棒喝

ㄉㄤ ㄊㄡˊ ㄅㄤˋ ㄏㄜˋ

ㄉㄤ ㄊㄡˊ ㄅㄤˋ ㄏㄜˋ

/tɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵ pɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xɤ⁵¹/

/tɔːŋ⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹ pʰaːŋ¹³ hɔːt̚³/

/tɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵ pɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xɤ⁵¹/

/tɔːŋ⁵⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹ pʰaːŋ¹³ hɔːt̚³/

(Buddhism, of a novice monk) to receive a blow with a stick or a yell by his master to bring about instant realization or awakening


棒喝

/pɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xɤ⁵¹/

/pʰaːŋ¹³ hɔːt̚³/

/pɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xɤ⁵¹/

/pʰaːŋ¹³ hɔːt̚³/


開光

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (開光):
* → Korean: 개광(開光) (gaegwang)
* → Vietnamese: khai quang (開光)

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰoi̯²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴/

/kʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/kʰai³³⁻²³ kuaŋ³³/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰoi̯²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴/

/kʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/kʰui⁴⁴⁻³³ kŋ̍⁴⁴/

/kʰai³³⁻²³ kuaŋ³³/

(Buddhism) to perform an eye-opening ceremony for a newly built idol; to consecrate; to bless


菩提薩埵

ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ ㄙㄚˋ ㄉㄨㄛˇ

ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ ㄙㄚˋ ㄉㄨㄛˇ

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵ sä⁵¹ tu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵ sä⁵¹ tu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Borrowed from Sanskrit बोधिसत्त्व (bodhisattva, “enlightened existence”).

bor

Bodhisattvas take refuge in Prajnaparamita, and their minds are without obstruction.

 7th century, Xuanzang (translator), Prajnaparamita Heart Sutra;
Translation from: Red Pine (2008) The Platform Sutra: The Zen Teaching of Hui-Neng, Counterpoint Press, →ISBN, page 149.

Pútísàduǒ yī bōrě bōluómìduō gù, xīn wú guà'ài.

菩提薩埵依般若波羅蜜多故，心無罣礙。

菩提萨埵依般若波罗蜜多故，心无罣碍。


真如

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʐu³⁵/

/t͡sən³³ zz̩⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʐu³⁵/

/t͡sən³³ zz̩⁴⁴/

From Sanskrit भूततथता (bhūtatathatā) or Sanskrit तथाता (tathātā).


菩提樹

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰɐi̯²¹ syː²²/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² tʰe²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu²²/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² tʰe²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/pʰɔ¹³⁻²² tʰe¹³⁻²² t͡sʰiu²²/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰe²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu³³/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ tʰe²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiu³³/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰɐi̯²¹ syː²²/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² tʰe²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu²²/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² tʰe²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiu⁴¹/

/pʰɔ¹³⁻²² tʰe¹³⁻²² t͡sʰiu²²/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰe²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu³³/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ tʰe²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiu³³/

(Buddhism) bodhi tree (the specific fig tree under which the Buddha sat when he attained enlightenment)


出家人

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ kaː⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ ke³³ laŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ ke⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ¹³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵt̚⁵ kaː⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚⁵⁻²⁴ ke³³ laŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁵ ke⁴⁴⁻²² laŋ¹³/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰut̚³²⁻⁴ ke⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²³/

(Buddhism, Taoism) person who has left home to become a monk or nun


佛堂

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (佛堂):
* → Japanese: 仏堂(ぶつどう) (butsudō)
* → Korean: 불당(佛堂) (buldang)
* → Vietnamese: phật đường (佛堂)

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/fu²¹ tʰaŋ²¹/

/fɐt̚² tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/hɔʔ⁴⁻²¹ tɒŋ¹³/

/huoʔ⁴⁻² tɒŋ²⁴/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² tŋ̍²⁴/

/hut̚²⁴⁻² tŋ̍²⁴/

/hut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tŋ̍¹³/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² tŋ̍²⁴/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² tŋ̍²³/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/fu²¹ tʰaŋ²¹/

/fɐt̚² tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/hɔʔ⁴⁻²¹ tɒŋ¹³/

/huoʔ⁴⁻² tɒŋ²⁴/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² tŋ̍²⁴/

/hut̚²⁴⁻² tŋ̍²⁴/

/hut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tŋ̍¹³/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² tŋ̍²⁴/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² tŋ̍²³/


律宗

/ly⁵¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ly⁵¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/


紅塵

Sino-Xenic (紅塵):
* → Japanese: 紅塵(こうじん) (kōjin)
* → Korean: 홍진(紅塵) (hongjin)
* → Vietnamese: hồng trần (紅塵)

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ t͡sʰɐn²¹/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ tin²³/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tin²⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tin²⁴/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² tin¹³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tin²⁴/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ tin²³/

/aŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tiŋ⁵⁵/

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ t͡sʰɐn²¹/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ tin²³/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tin²⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tin²⁴/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² tin¹³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tin²⁴/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ tin²³/

/aŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tiŋ⁵⁵/

Waking from the dreams of the world of mortals, all just comes to nothing; beauty and youthfulness are like yesterday.

Âng-tîn bāng-chhíⁿ chi̍t tiûⁿ khang, bí-lē chheng-chhun chhin-chhiūⁿ cha̋ng.

紅塵夢醒一場空，美麗青春親像昨。

红尘梦醒一场空，美丽青春亲像昨。

(figuratively, Buddhism, Taoism) world of mortals; human society; worldly affairs


戒行

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ɕiŋ³⁵/

(Buddhism) to adhere strictly to religious precepts


戒規

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) religious discipline; religious precept; commandment


四夷

(Buddhism) Synonym of 四波羅夷 /四波罗夷 (sì bōluóyí)


香巴拉

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) Shambhala (mythical ideal kingdom)


蘭若

/län³⁵ ʐɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/laːn²¹ jɛː¹³/

/län³⁵ ʐɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/laːn²¹ jɛː¹³/

Short for 阿蘭若 (MC 'a lan nyaeX), from Sanskrit अरण्य (araṇya, “distance, foreign country; wilderness; forest”).

der

(Buddhism, nowadays chiefly in temple names) Buddhist temple


阿蘭若

/ˀä⁵⁵ län³⁵ ʐɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀä⁵⁵ län³⁵ ʐɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Borrowed from Sanskrit अरण्य (araṇya, “distance, foreign country; wilderness; forest”).

(Buddhism) secluded place; Buddhist temple


金策

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/


靈山

/liŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/liŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/lɪŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) Alternative name for 靈鷲山／灵鹫山 (Língjiùshān, “Vulture Peak”).


梵譯

/fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/


達摩

/tä³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/taːt̚² mɔː⁵⁵/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² mɔ̃²⁴/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² mɔ̃²⁴/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ mɔ̃¹³/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² mɔ̃²⁴/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² mɔ̃²³/

/tä³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/taːt̚² mɔː⁵⁵/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² mɔ̃²⁴/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² mɔ̃²⁴/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ mɔ̃¹³/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² mɔ̃²⁴/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² mɔ̃²³/

(Buddhism) dharma (teachings of the Buddha)


盂蘭盆節

ㄩˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄆㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

ㄩˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄆㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

Юйланьпэньцзе

/y³⁵ län³⁵ pʰən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/jyː²¹ laːn²¹ pʰuːn²¹ t͡siːt̚³/

/u³³⁻²³ laŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰuŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡soiʔ²/

/y³⁵ län³⁵ pʰən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/jyː²¹ laːn²¹ pʰuːn²¹ t͡siːt̚³/

/u³³⁻²³ laŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰuŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡soiʔ²/

(Buddhism) Ghost Festival; Ullambana Festival


頓悟

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (頓悟):
* → Japanese: 頓(とん)悟(ご) (tongo)
* → Korean: 돈오(頓悟) (dono)
* → Vietnamese: đốn ngộ (頓悟)

/tu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

/tɵn²² ŋ̍²²/

/tun¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡɔ³³/

/tun²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡɔ³³/

/tu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹/

/tɵn²² ŋ̍²²/

/tun¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡɔ³³/

/tun²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡɔ³³/


大覺

Sino-Xenic (大覺):
* → Japanese: 大覚(だいかく) (daikaku)
* → Korean: 대각(大覺) (daegak)
* → Vietnamese: đại giác (大覺)

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² kɔːk̚³/

/tai²²⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/tai²²⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ kak̚³²/

/tai³³⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² kɔːk̚³/

/tai²²⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/tai²²⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ kak̚³²/

/tai³³⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² kaːu̯³³/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² kaːu̯³³/

By and by comes the Great Awakening, and then we find out that this life is really a great dream. Fools think they are awake now, and flatter themselves they know if they are really princes or peasants.

Qiě yǒu dàjué ér hòu zhī cǐ qí dàmèng yě, ér yúzhě zì yǐwéi jué, qièqiè rán zhī zhī.

且有大覺而後知此其大夢也，而愚者自以爲覺，竊竊然知之。

且有大觉而后知此其大梦也，而愚者自以为觉，窃窃然知之。

If one day you can fully awaken, you will realize that everything today is just a big dream.

Jīn jiāng yǒu dàjué, ránhòu zhī jīn cǐ zhī wéi dàmèng yě.

今將有大覺，然後知今此之為大夢也。

今将有大觉，然后知今此之为大梦也。

(literary, Buddhism) great awakening; attainment of divine enlightenment


放生

ja-r

放生(ほうじょう) (hōjō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (放生):
* → Japanese: 放生(ほうじょう) (hōjō)
* → Korean: 방생(放生) (bangsaeng)
* → Vietnamese: phóng sinh (放生)

/fɑŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/fɔːŋ³³ saːŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍³³/

/hɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/paŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍³³/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ sẽ⁴⁴/

/paŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ sĩ⁴⁴/

/fɑŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/fɔːŋ³³ saːŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍³³/

/hɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/paŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sŋ̍³³/

/paŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ sẽ⁴⁴/

/paŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ sĩ⁴⁴/

(Buddhism) to buy captive fish or birds to set them free (of Buddhists)


外道

/waɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/ŋɔːi̯²² tou̯²²/

/waɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/ŋɔːi̯²² tou̯²²/

/waɪ̯⁵¹ d̥ɑʊ̯¹/

/waɪ̯⁵¹ d̥ɑʊ̯¹/

/ŋɔːi̯²² tou̯²²/

(Buddhism or figuratively) unorthodox teachings


堪布

desctree

→ Middle Mongol: ᠬᠠᠮᠪᠤ (qambu)
Classical Mongolian: ᠬᠠᠮᠪᠤ (qambu)
Buryat: хамба (xamba)
Mongolian: хамба (xamba)

/kʰän⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

/kʰän⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

Borrowed from Tibetan མཁན་པོ (mkhan po), originally calqued from Sanskrit उपाध्याय (upādhyāya).

(Tibetan Buddhism) khenpo (degree for higher Buddhist studies given in Tibetan Buddhism)


格魯派

/kɤ³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/kɤ³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰaɪ̯⁵¹/


噶舉派

/kä³⁵ t͡ɕy²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/kä³⁵ t͡ɕy²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰaɪ̯⁵¹/


黃教

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(Tibetan Buddhism) Alternative name for 格魯派／格鲁派 (Gélǔpài, “Gelug”).


白教

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(Tibetan Buddhism) Alternative name for 噶舉派／噶举派 (Gájǔpài, “Kagyu”).


兜率天

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (兜率天):
* → Japanese: 兜(と)率(そつ)天(てん) (tosotsuten)
* → Korean: 도솔천(兜率天) (dosolcheon)

/toʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/toʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Sanskrit तुषित (tuṣita) + Chinese 天 (tiān, “heaven”).

(Buddhism) Tushita (fourth of the six heavens in the Realm of Desire)


波羅提木叉

ja-r

は%ら%だい%もく%しゃ

desc

바라제목차(波羅提木叉)

CJKV/code

は%ら%だい%もく%しゃ

Sino-Xenic (波羅提木叉):
* → Japanese: 波(は)羅(ら)提(だい)木(もく)叉(しゃ) (haradaimokusha)
* → Korean: 바라제목차(波羅提木叉) (barajemokcha)
* → Vietnamese: ba la đề mộc xoa (波羅提木叉)

CJKV

は%ら%だい%もく%しゃ

ㄅㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄊㄧˊ ㄇㄨˋ ㄔㄚ

ㄅㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄊㄧˊ ㄇㄨˋ ㄔㄚ

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tʰi³⁵ mu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tʰi³⁵ mu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/

Like many other terms in the early Chinese Buddhist lexicon (e.g. the Vinaya of the Dharmaguptaka), likely borrowed from Middle-Indic such as Gandhari 𐨤𐨿𐨪𐨡𐨁𐨨𐨂𐨑𐨅 m sg (pradimukhe, “under the law”, locative) as attested in the Khotan Dhammapada. Cognate to Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit प्रातिमोक्ष (prātimokṣa), alternative form प्रतिमोक्ष (pratimokṣa), and Pali pāṭimokkha.

cog

codes of conduct
code of conduct#English

(Buddhism) prātimokṣa (Buddhist monastic laws or codes of conduct)


大仙

/tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/tai³³⁻²¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/tai³³⁻²¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ siɛn⁴⁴/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ siɛn⁴⁴/


悉曇

Borrowed from Sanskrit सिद्धांत (siddhāṃta).

/ɕi⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵/

(Buddhism) Alternative form of 悉檀 (“siddhanta; tenet”)


貝多

Borrowed from Sanskrit पत्र (patra, “leaf; paper; etc.”) and पत्त्र (pattra, “leaf; leaf prepared for writing on”). Per Luce, compare also Burmese ပေ (pe, “corypha palm”).

bor

/peɪ̯⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/puːi̯³³ tɔː⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/puːi̯³³ tɔː⁵⁵/


貝葉書

/peɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/


貝書

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/


多羅

Borrowed from Sanskrit तारा (tārā, “pupil of the eye; Tara”).

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/


偈陀

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/


正定

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tiŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ tɪŋ²²/

/ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tiŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sɪŋ³³ tɪŋ²²/

(Buddhism) one part of the Noble Eightfold Path


三藏法師

ㄙㄢ ㄗㄤˋ ㄈㄚˇ ㄕ

ㄙㄢ ㄗㄤˋ ㄈㄚˇ ㄕ

Саньцзанфаши

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) Tripitaka, another name for 玄奘 (Xuánzàng, “Xuanzang”).


觀音媽

/kua⁵³³⁻¹¹ iŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ma⁴⁵³/

guann¹ ing¹ ma³ [Phonetic:guann⁵ ing⁵ ma³]

/kũã⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ iŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ma³³²/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻²² im⁴⁴⁻²² mã⁵³/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻²² im⁴⁴⁻²² mã⁵³/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ mã⁵³/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ mã⁴¹/

/kua⁵³³⁻¹¹ iŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ma⁴⁵³/

/kũã⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ iŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ma³³²/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻²² im⁴⁴⁻²² mã⁵³/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻²² im⁴⁴⁻²² mã⁵³/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ mã⁵³/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ mã⁴¹/

(Hokkien, Puxian Min, Central Min, Buddhism) Guanyin


密教

/mi⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/mɐt̚² kaːu̯³³/

/mi⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/mɐt̚² kaːu̯³³/


三世

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (三世):
* → Japanese: 三(さん)世(ぜ) (sanze); 三(さん)世(せい) (sansei)
* → Korean: 삼세(三世) (samse)
* → Vietnamese: tam thế (三世)

/sän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³/

Rú sānshì zhūfó, shuōfǎ zhī yíshì, wǒ jīn yì rúshì, shuō wúfēnbiéfǎ.

如三世諸佛，說法之儀式，我今亦如是，說無分別法。

如三世诸佛，说法之仪式，我今亦如是，说无分别法。

(Buddhism) the three periods of time: the past, present, and future.


一塵不染

ㄧ ㄔㄣˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄖㄢˇ

ㄧ ㄔㄣˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄖㄢˇ

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ pu⁵¹ ʐän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐt̚⁵ t͡sʰɐn²¹ pɐt̚⁵ jiːm¹³/

/i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰən³⁵ pu⁵¹ ʐän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐt̚⁵ t͡sʰɐn²¹ pɐt̚⁵ jiːm¹³/

(Buddhism) to be unstained by an evil environment; to be selfless and incorruptible


七情

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹/

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(Confucianism, Buddhism, traditional Chinese medicine) the seven emotional states: joy, anger, anxiety, thought, grief, fear, fright


三界

Sino-Xenic (三界):
* → Japanese: 三界(さんがい) (sangai)
* → Korean: 삼계(三界) (samgye)
* → Vietnamese: tam giới (三界)

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯e⁵⁵/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯ai̯⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯e⁵⁵/

/sam²⁴⁻¹¹ ki̯ai̯⁵⁵/

Translation of Sanskrit त्रैलोक्य (trailokya).

(Buddhism) Trailokya or the “three worlds” of Buddhism


十惡

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤ⁵¹/

/sɐp̚² ɔːk̚³/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤ⁵¹/

/sɐp̚² ɔːk̚³/

(Buddhism) ten demeritorious deeds from which Buddhists are advised to keep away


提婆

/tʰi³⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰi³⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

(Buddhism, Hinduism) deva, a god in Hinduism and some Buddhist sects


提婆

/tʰi³⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰi³⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

(Buddhism) Aryadeva (disciple of Nagarjuna)


面壁

/mi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi⁵¹/

/mi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi⁵¹/

Bodhidharma, the Buddhist monk credited with transmitting Chan (Zen) Buddhism to China, was said to have practised wall-gazing for nine years near the Shaolin Monastery.

(Buddhism) to sit facing the wall in meditation

(figurative, especially Buddhism) to study or work with undivided attention


阿耨多羅三藐三菩提

ja-r

阿%耨%多羅 三藐 三%菩%提

あ%のく%たら さんみゃく さん%ぼ%だい

desc

아뇩다라 삼먁 삼보리(阿耨多羅三藐三菩提)

CJKV/code

あ%のく%たら さんみゃく さん%ぼ%だい

阿%耨%多羅 三藐 三%菩%提

Sino-Xenic (阿耨多羅三藐三菩提):
* → Japanese: 阿(あ)耨(のく)多羅(たら)三藐(さんみゃく)三(さん)菩(ぼ)提(だい) (anokutara sanmyaku sanbodai)
* → Korean: 아뇩다라 삼먁 삼보리(阿耨多羅三藐三菩提) (anyokdara sammyak sambori)

CJKV

阿%耨%多羅 三藐 三%菩%提

あ%のく%たら さんみゃく さん%ぼ%だい

ㄚ ㄋㄡˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙㄢ ㄇㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄢ ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ

ㄚ ㄋㄡˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙㄢ ㄇㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄢ ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ

аноудоло саньмяо саньпути

/ˀä⁵⁵ noʊ̯⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sän⁵⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sän⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵/

Borrowed from Sanskrit अनुत्तरा सम्यक् सम्बोधि (anuttarā samyak sambodhi, literally “highest perfect awakening”). Compare Pali anuttara sammā sambodhi.

bor

अनुत्तरा सम्यक् सम्बोधि

When [the Gautama] Buddha finished preaching on the sutra of Avalokiteśvara, the sentient eighty-four thousand in the crowd were aroused with the supreme and perfect enlightenment.

406 CE, Lotus Sutra, chapter 25 (translation by Kumarajiva)

Fó shuō shì pǔménpǐn shí, zhòng zhōng bāwàn sìqiān zhòngshēng, jiē fā wú děngděng, ānòuduōluó sānmiǎo sānpútí xīn.

佛説是普門品時，眾中八萬四千眾生，皆發無等等，阿耨多羅三藐三菩提心。

佛说是普门品时，众中八万四千众生，皆发无等等，阿耨多罗三藐三菩提心。

All buddhas of the past, present and future rely on the perfection of wisdom to attain the supreme, perfect enlightenment.

7th century CE, Shorter Prajñāpāramitā-hṛdaya Sutra (translation by Xuanzang)

Sānshì zhū fó, yī bōrě bōluómìduō gù, dé ānòuduōluó sānmiǎo sānpútí.

三世諸佛，依般若波羅蜜多故，得阿耨多羅三藐三菩提。

三世诸佛，依般若波罗蜜多故，得阿耨多罗三藐三菩提。

(Buddhism) the supreme perfect enlightenment


苾芻

/pi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵/

/pi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵/

From Sanskrit भिक्षु (bhikṣu). Doublet of 比丘 (bǐqiū).


愛河

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ hɔː²¹/

/ai²¹⁻⁵³ ho²⁴/

/ai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ho²⁴/

/ai²¹⁻⁵³ ho¹³/

/ai¹¹⁻⁵³ ho²⁴/

/ai²¹⁻⁴¹ hɤ²³/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ hɔː²¹/

/ai²¹⁻⁵³ ho²⁴/

/ai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ho²⁴/

/ai²¹⁻⁵³ ho¹³/

/ai¹¹⁻⁵³ ho²⁴/

/ai²¹⁻⁴¹ hɤ²³/

The river of love dried up in her, and she was able to set you free.

愛河乾枯，令汝解脫。

爱河干枯，令汝解脱。

(Buddhism) the river of lust in which men are drowned once they have fallen; sexual desire, a hurdle on the path to enlightenment


開山

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) to build the first temple on a famous mountain


缽多羅

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

Borrowed from Sanskrit पात्र (pātra, “(drinking) vessel; bowl; cup; plate; etc.”).

钵多罗
鉢多羅
波多羅
波呾囉
鉢呾羅
播怛囉
鉢和羅
鉢和蘭


曼殊沙華

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (曼殊沙華):
* → Japanese: 曼殊沙華(まんじゅしゃげ) (manjushage)

zh-l

曼珠沙華／曼珠沙华 (mànzhūshāhuá, “Lycoris radiata”)

ㄇㄢˋ ㄕㄨ ㄕㄚ ㄏㄨㄚˊ

ㄇㄢˋ ㄕㄨ ㄕㄚ ㄏㄨㄚˊ

/män⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/män⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of Sanskrit मञ्जूषक (mañjūṣaka) attested in the translation of the Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra (Lotus Sutra) by Kumārajīva (鳩摩羅什) [c. 403].

psm

[T]here fell a great rain of divine flowers, māndāravas and mahāmāndāravas, mañjūṣakas and mahāmañjūṣakas, covering the Lord and the four classes of hearers.

c. 403, Kumārajīva (鳩摩羅什 (Jiūmóluóshí)), translator. Saddharmapuṇḍarīkasūtra (《妙法蓮華經》). English text based on the translation by Hendrik Kern (1884) with modernised transliteration.

Shìshí tiān yǔ màntuóluóhuá, móhēmàntuóluóhuá, mànshūshāhuá, móhēmànshūshāhuá, ér sàn Fó shàng, jí zhū dàzhòng.

是時天雨曼陀羅華、摩訶曼陀羅華、曼殊沙華、摩訶曼殊沙華，而散佛上，及諸大眾。

是时天雨曼陀罗华、摩诃曼陀罗华、曼殊沙华、摩诃曼殊沙华，而散佛上，及诸大众。

(Buddhism) a flower attested in Buddhist literature


大雄

/tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵/

Calque of Sanskrit महावीर (mahāvīra, “great hero”).


韋馱

/weɪ̯³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴/

/ui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ to²⁴/

/ui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to¹³/

/ui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴/

/ui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³/

/weɪ̯³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴/

/ui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ to²⁴/

/ui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to¹³/

/ui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴/

/ui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³/

Sanskrit स्कन्द (skanda) > transcriptions 塞建陀, 私建陀 > short form 建陀 > misspellings 違陀, 違馱 > the current form.


喇嘛寺

/lä²¹⁴ mä⁴ sz̩⁵¹/

/lä²¹⁴ mä⁴ sz̩⁵¹/


喇嘛廟

ㄌㄚˇ ˙ㄇㄚ ㄇㄧㄠˋ

ㄌㄚˇ ˙ㄇㄚ ㄇㄧㄠˋ

/lä²¹⁴ mä⁴ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/lä²¹⁴ mä⁴ mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/


醍醐灌頂

ㄊㄧˊ ㄏㄨˊ ㄍㄨㄢˋ ㄉㄧㄥˇ

ㄊㄧˊ ㄏㄨˊ ㄍㄨㄢˋ ㄉㄧㄥˇ

тихугуаньдин

/tʰi³⁵ xu³⁵ ku̯än⁵¹ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɐi̯²¹ wuː²¹ kuːn³³ tɪŋ³⁵/

/tʰi³⁵ xu³⁵ ku̯än⁵¹ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɐi̯²¹ wuː²¹ kuːn³³ tɪŋ³⁵/

(Buddhism) to enlighten someone with wisdom for achieving nirvana


四大天王

ㄙˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄨㄤˊ

ㄙˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄨㄤˊ

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/

/sei̯³³ taːi̯²² tʰiːn⁵⁵ wɔːŋ²¹/

/si⁵⁵ tʰai̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯en²⁴ voŋ¹¹/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/

/sei̯³³ taːi̯²² tʰiːn⁵⁵ wɔːŋ²¹/

/si⁵⁵ tʰai̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯en²⁴ voŋ¹¹/

Calque of Sanskrit चतुर् महाराज (catur mahārāja, literally “four great kings”).

चतुर् महाराज

(Buddhism) Four Heavenly Kings, the four guardian gods who protect each of the four cardinal directions; the lokapālas


毗嵐

/pʰi³⁵ län³⁵/

/pʰi³⁵ län³⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of Sanskrit वैरम्भक (vairambhaka, “a violent wind”); compare Pali veramba (“a wind blowing in high altitudes”).

cog

毗岚
毘藍
鞞嵐
毘藍婆
鞞藍婆
吠藍婆
吠嵐婆


善報

/ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵¹⁻⁵³ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(chiefly Buddhism) good consequences; positive reward


轉法輪

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (轉法輪):
* → Japanese: 転(てん)法(ぼう)輪(りん) (tenbōrin)
* → Korean: 전법륜(轉法輪) (jeonbeomnyun)

ㄓㄨㄢˇ ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄨㄣˊ

ㄓㄨㄢˋ ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄨㄣˊ

ㄓㄨㄢˇ ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄨㄣˊ

чжуань фалунь

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵/

ㄓㄨㄢˋ ㄈㄚˇ ㄌㄨㄣˊ

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵/

Calque of Sanskrit धर्मचक्रप्रवर्तन (dharmacakrapravartana, literally “dharma-wheel-turning”) or Pali dhammacakkappavattana.

calque

धर्मचक्रप्रवर्तन

(Buddhism, figurative) to transmit Buddhist teachings


摩羅

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/mɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/

/mɔː²¹ lɔː²¹/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/mɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/

/mɔː²¹ lɔː²¹/

For pronunciation and definitions of 摩羅 – see 魔羅 (“mara”).
(This term is a variant form of 魔羅).
Clipping of 室獸摩羅 (MC syit syuwH ma la), from Sanskrit शिशुमार (śiśumāra, “child-killer; alligator”). Related to 魔羅 (MC ma la, “mara”)

bor

摩罗
摩罗
摩罗
嚤囉
摩囉


南無

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (南無):
* → Japanese: 南無(なむ) (namu); 南無(なも) (namo)
* → Korean: 나무(南無) (namu)
* → Vietnamese: nam mô (南無)

/nä⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/nä³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/naː⁵⁵ mɔː²¹/

/na¹³⁻¹¹ mo¹³/

/na²⁴⁻²¹ mo²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² bu²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ bu²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² bu¹³/

/lam²³⁻³³ bu²³/

/nã²³⁻³³ mɔ̃²³/

/nã²⁴⁻¹¹ mɔ̃²⁴/

/nä⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/nä³⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/naː⁵⁵ mɔː²¹/

/na¹³⁻¹¹ mo¹³/

/na²⁴⁻²¹ mo²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² bu²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ bu²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² bu¹³/

/lam²³⁻³³ bu²³/

/nã²³⁻³³ mɔ̃²³/

/nã²⁴⁻¹¹ mɔ̃²⁴/

Borrowed from Sanskrit नमो (namo), the sandhi form of Sanskrit नमस् (namas, literally “a bow”) that appears before words beginning with a voiced consonant, which was presumably common in Buddhist texts.
The modern pronunciations are irregular in order to match the original Sanskrit pronunciation.

der

南无
南摸
南謨
曩謨
南膜
南摩
納慕
那謨
那模
娜母
喃嘸

(Buddhism) Used in Buddhist salutations or expressions of faith: to salute; to homage or to take refuge (a Buddha or a Bodhisattva).


僧祇

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

(literary, Buddhism) Short for 阿僧祇 (āsēngqí, “innumerable”).


僧祇

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

(Buddhism) Alternative name for 僧伽 (sēngqié, “sangha”).


摩訶

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ⁵⁵/

/mɔː⁵⁵ hɔː⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ⁵⁵/

/mɔː⁵⁵ hɔː⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Sanskrit महा (mahā), itself the combining form of महत् (mahat, “great”).

Shìmén címǐn gǔlái duō, zhèng shàn chénggōng shuō móhē.

釋門慈憫古來多，正善成功說摩訶。

释门慈悯古来多，正善成功说摩诃。

(Buddhism, chiefly as a prefix) maha; great


般若心經

ㄅㄛ ㄖㄜˇ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄥ

ㄅㄛ ㄖㄜˇ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄥ

Божэ Синьцзин

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʐɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʐɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

般若波羅蜜多心經 般若波羅蜜多心經#Chinese

般若波罗蜜多心经 般若波罗蜜多心经#Chinese

(Buddhism) Synonym of 般若波羅蜜多心經 /般若波罗蜜多心经 (Bōrě Bōluómìduō Xīnjīng, “Heart Sutra”)


罪業

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹/

/t͡sɵy̯²² jiːp̚²/

/t͡su̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ jɛ⁵¹/

/t͡sɵy̯²² jiːp̚²/

(Buddhism) sin; sinful act; one's sins in karma


班智達

/pän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ tä³⁵/

/pän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ tä³⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of Sanskrit पण्डित (paṇḍita).


三藐三菩提

ja-r

さん%みゃく% さん%ぼ%だい

desc

삼막 삼보리(三藐三菩提)

CJKV/code

さん%みゃく% さん%ぼ%だい

Sino-Xenic (三藐三菩提):
* → Japanese: 三(さん)藐(みゃく)三(さん)菩(ぼ)提(だい) (sanmyaku sanbodai)
* → Korean: 삼막 삼보리(三藐三菩提) (sammak sambori)
* → Vietnamese: tam miệu tam Bồ đề (三藐三菩提)

CJKV

さん%みゃく% さん%ぼ%だい

ㄙㄢ ㄇㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄢ ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ

ㄙㄢ ㄇㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄢ ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ

саньмяо саньпути

/sän⁵⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sän⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ mi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sän⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵/

阿耨多羅三藐三菩提 阿耨多羅三藐三菩提#Chinese

阿耨多罗三藐三菩提 阿耨多罗三藐三菩提#Chinese

(Buddhism) Short for 阿耨多羅三藐三菩提／阿耨多罗三藐三菩提 (ānòuduōluó sānmiǎo sānpútí).


阿耨多羅

ㄚ ㄋㄡˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄚ ㄋㄡˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

/ˀä⁵⁵ noʊ̯⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ noʊ̯⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

Transliteration of Sanskrit अनुत्तर (anuttara, literally “nothing higher”).

bor

(Buddhism) excellent, incomparable, unsurpassed


彌勒佛

/mi³⁵ lɤ⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/nei̯²¹ lɐk̚² fɐt̚²/

/mei̯²¹ lɐk̚² fɐt̚²/

/mi⁵³⁻²¹ l̃ɛiʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ huʔ⁵/

/bi²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪk̚⁴⁻³² hut̚⁴/

/bi²³⁻³³ liɪk̚⁴⁻³² hut̚⁴/

/mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪk̚⁴⁻³² hut̚⁴/

/mĩ²³⁻³³ liɪk̚⁴⁻³² hut̚⁴/

/mi⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lek̚⁴⁻² huk̚⁴/

/mi⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tek̚⁴⁻² huk̚⁴/

/mi³⁵ lɤ⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/nei̯²¹ lɐk̚² fɐt̚²/

/mei̯²¹ lɐk̚² fɐt̚²/

/mi⁵³⁻²¹ l̃ɛiʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ huʔ⁵/

/bi²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪk̚⁴⁻³² hut̚⁴/

/bi²³⁻³³ liɪk̚⁴⁻³² hut̚⁴/

/mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ liɪk̚⁴⁻³² hut̚⁴/

/mĩ²³⁻³³ liɪk̚⁴⁻³² hut̚⁴/

/mi⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lek̚⁴⁻² huk̚⁴/

/mi⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tek̚⁴⁻² huk̚⁴/


現世報

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jiːn²² sɐi̯³³ pou̯³³/

heng⁵ se⁴ bor⁴ [Phonetic:heng⁵ ne¹ bor⁴]

/hɛŋ¹¹ ^((ɬ-))ne⁴²⁻⁵⁵ pɒ⁴²/

heng⁵ se⁴ bor⁴ [Phonetic:heng⁵ ne¹ wor⁴]

/hɛŋ²¹ ^((ɬ-))ne⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βɒ⁴²/

/hiɛn²²⁻²¹ se²¹⁻⁵³ po²¹/

/hiɛn⁴¹⁻²² se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ po⁴¹/

/hiɛn²²⁻²¹ se²¹⁻⁵³ po²¹/

/hiɛn³³⁻¹¹ se¹¹⁻⁵³ po¹¹/

/hiɛn³³⁻²¹ se²¹⁻⁴¹ pɤ²¹/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jiːn²² sɐi̯³³ pou̯³³/

/hɛŋ¹¹ ^((ɬ-))ne⁴²⁻⁵⁵ pɒ⁴²/

/hɛŋ²¹ ^((ɬ-))ne⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βɒ⁴²/

/hiɛn²²⁻²¹ se²¹⁻⁵³ po²¹/

/hiɛn⁴¹⁻²² se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ po⁴¹/

/hiɛn²²⁻²¹ se²¹⁻⁵³ po²¹/

/hiɛn³³⁻¹¹ se¹¹⁻⁵³ po¹¹/

/hiɛn³³⁻²¹ se²¹⁻⁴¹ pɤ²¹/

(Buddhism) karmic retribution within one's lifetime


圓寂

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/uan²⁴⁻²² t͡sip̚²⁴/

/uan¹³⁻²² t͡sip̚¹²¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/uan²⁴⁻²² t͡sip̚²⁴/

/uan¹³⁻²² t͡sip̚¹²¹/

(Buddhism, of Buddhist monks or nuns) to die

被難

to be killed in a disaster, political incident


圓寂

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (圓寂):
* → Vietnamese: viên tịch (圓寂)

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/uan²⁴⁻²² t͡sip̚²⁴/

/uan¹³⁻²² t͡sip̚¹²¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/uan²⁴⁻²² t͡sip̚²⁴/

/uan¹³⁻²² t͡sip̚¹²¹/


救度

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/

/kɐu̯³³ tou̯²²/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/

/kɐu̯³³ tou̯²²/

(Buddhism, Taoism) to save someone from suffering


佛境

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/fɐt̚² kɪŋ³⁵/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² kiɪŋ⁵³/

/hut̚²⁴⁻² kiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/hut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kiɪŋ⁵³/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² kiɪŋ⁵³/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² kiɪŋ⁴¹/

/vəʔ¹¹ t͡ɕin²³/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/fɐt̚² kɪŋ³⁵/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² kiɪŋ⁵³/

/hut̚²⁴⁻² kiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/hut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kiɪŋ⁵³/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² kiɪŋ⁵³/

/hut̚⁴⁻³² kiɪŋ⁴¹/

/vəʔ¹¹ t͡ɕin²³/


忉利天

Sino-Xenic (忉利天):
* → Japanese: 忉(とう)利(り)天(てん) (tōriten)
* → Korean: 도리천(忉利天) (doricheon)

/tɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

忉利 is typically understood to transcribe the numeral thirty-three from a Middle Indo-Aryan language; cf. Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit त्रायस्त्रिंश (trāyastriṃśa); Pali tāvatiṁsa (“of the thirty-three [heavenly beings]”) from tayo m + tiṁsa; Gandhari 𐨟𐨿𐨪𐨩𐨟𐨿𐨪𐨁𐨭 (trayatriśa, “belonging to the Thirty-Three”); Tocharian B tāpātriś; Tocharian A tapattriś; also modern Kashmiri تیٚیہِ ترٕٛہ (“thirty-three”). The first syllable may be compared to Ardhamagadhi Prakrit 𑀢𑀑 (tao, “three”). The /l/ reflex in 利 (MC lijH) for Indo-Aryan -tr-/-dr-, probably echoing Gandhari features attested in e.g. 𐨕𐨂𐨫𐨒𐨹 (culaǵa, “little”) < Sanskrit क्षुद्र (kṣudra), also existed in loanwords such as 彌勒 (MC mjie lok) < Tocharian A Metrak (Bailey, 1946; Ji, 1998v11).
Alternatively, compare Sanskrit त्रिदिव (tridiva, “third, highest heaven”), from त्रि (tri) + द्यु (dyu); Pali tidiva; often conflated with the Thirty-Three in Buddhist texts.

cog

त्रायस्त्रिंश

تیٚیہِ ترٕٛہ

(Buddhism) Trāyastriṃśa (a heavenly abode of the devas, second of the six heavens in the Realm of Desire)


法身

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (法身):
* → Japanese: 法身(ほっしん) (hosshin); 法身(ほうしん) (hōshin)
* → Korean: 법신(法身) (beopsin)
* → Vietnamese: pháp thân (法身)

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/huaʔ²⁴⁻²¹ siŋ⁵⁵/

/faʔ³³ sən⁴⁴/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/huaʔ²⁴⁻²¹ siŋ⁵⁵/

/faʔ³³ sən⁴⁴/

Calque of Sanskrit धर्मकाय (dharmakāya, “law body”) or Pali dhammakāya. The Tibetan equivalent is ཆོས་སྐུ (chos sku).


點眼

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (點眼):
* → Korean: 점안(點眼) (jeoman)
* → Vietnamese: điểm nhãn (點眼)

/ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tiːm³⁵ ŋaːn¹³/

/tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/tiam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡan⁵⁵⁴/

/tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/tiam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁴¹/

/ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tiːm³⁵ ŋaːn¹³/

/tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/tiam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡan⁵⁵⁴/

/tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁵³/

/tiam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡan⁴¹/

(Buddhism) to perform an eye-opening ceremony for a newly built idol; to consecrate; to bless


四界

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sz̩⁴⁵ t͡ɕie⁴⁵/

/si²¹⁻⁵³ kue²¹/

/si²¹⁻⁴² kue²¹/

/si¹¹⁻⁵³ kue¹¹/

/si⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kue⁴¹/

/si²¹⁻⁵³ ke²¹/

/si²¹⁻⁴¹ ke²¹/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sz̩⁴⁵ t͡ɕie⁴⁵/

/si²¹⁻⁵³ kue²¹/

/si²¹⁻⁴² kue²¹/

/si¹¹⁻⁵³ kue¹¹/

/si⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kue⁴¹/

/si²¹⁻⁵³ ke²¹/

/si²¹⁻⁴¹ ke²¹/


有量

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/jɐu̯¹³ lœːŋ²²/

/u³³⁻¹¹ liɔŋ³³/

/u³³⁻²¹ liɔŋ³³/

/u²²⁻²¹ liɔŋ²²/

/u²² liɔŋ⁴¹/

/u²²⁻²¹ liaŋ²²/

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/jɐu̯¹³ lœːŋ²²/

/u³³⁻¹¹ liɔŋ³³/

/u³³⁻²¹ liɔŋ³³/

/u²²⁻²¹ liɔŋ²²/

/u²² liɔŋ⁴¹/

/u²²⁻²¹ liaŋ²²/


菩提道燈論

ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ ㄉㄠˋ ㄉㄥ ㄌㄨㄣˋ

ㄆㄨˊ ㄊㄧˊ ㄉㄠˋ ㄉㄥ ㄌㄨㄣˋ

Пути Дао Дэн Лунь

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ tɤŋ⁵⁵ lu̯ən⁵¹/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ tɤŋ⁵⁵ lu̯ən⁵¹/


香跤

/hiɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² kʰa⁴⁴/

/hiɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² kʰa⁴⁴/


常住

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡syː²²/

/sĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡su³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡syː²²/

/sĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡su³⁵/

Homage to the eternal Buddhas of the ten directions.

南無常住十方佛。

南无常住十方佛。

(Buddhism) to be permanent; to be eternal


常住

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡syː²²/

/sĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡su³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡syː²²/

/sĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡su³⁵/


寶瓶

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹/

(Buddhism) treasure vase (containing flowers, water, etc.)


因果報應

ㄧㄣ ㄍㄨㄛˇ ㄅㄠˋ ㄧㄥˋ

ㄧㄣ ㄍㄨㄛˇ ㄅㄠˋ ㄧㄥˋ

/in⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ iŋ⁵¹/

/jɐn⁵⁵ kʷɔː³⁵ pou̯³³ jɪŋ³³/

/in⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ iŋ⁵¹/

/jɐn⁵⁵ kʷɔː³⁵ pou̯³³ jɪŋ³³/


優婆塞

Sino-Xenic (優婆塞):
* → Japanese: 優(う)婆(ば)塞(そく) (ubasoku)
* → Korean: 우바새(優婆塞) (ubasae)

/joʊ̯⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/jɐu̯⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹ sɐk̚⁵/

/joʊ̯⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/jɐu̯⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹ sɐk̚⁵/


報身

Sino-Xenic (報身):
* → Japanese: 報身(ほうじん) (hōjin)
* → Korean: 보신(報身) (bosin)
* → Vietnamese: báo thân (報身)

/pɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/pɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

Calque of Sanskrit संभोगकाय (saṃbhogakāya, “body of enjoyment”). The Tibetan equivalent is ལོངས་སྐུ (longs sku).


應身

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (應身):
* → Japanese: 応身(おうしん) (ōshin)
* → Korean: 응신(應身) (eungsin)

/iŋ⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/iŋ⁵¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

Calque of Sanskrit निर्माणकाय (nirmāṇakāya, “body of transformations”). The Tibetan equivalent is སྤྲུལ་སྐུ་ (sprul sku).


三身

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (三身):
* → Japanese: 三身(さんじん) (sanjin); 三身(さんしん) (sanshin)
* → Korean: 삼신(三身) (samsin)
* → Vietnamese: tam thân (三身)

/sän⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂən⁵⁵/

Calque of Sanskrit त्रिकाय (trikāya, “three bodies”). The Tibetan equivalent is སྐུ་གསུམ (sku gsum).


我倒

/wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(Buddhism) “illusion of an ego”, one of the four inverted or upside-down ideas


薩埵

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (薩埵):
* → Japanese: 薩(さっ)埵(た) (satta)

/sä⁵¹ tu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sä⁵¹ tu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

From Sanskrit सत्त्व (sattva, “being, existence”).

bor

(Buddhism) sentient beings, living things

菩提薩埵 菩提薩埵#Chinese

菩提萨埵 菩提萨埵#Chinese

(Buddhism) Short for 菩提薩埵／菩提萨埵 (pútísàduǒ, “bodhisattva”).


陪臚

/pʰeɪ̯³⁵ lu³⁵/

/pʰeɪ̯³⁵ lu³⁵/


掛礙

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (罣礙 /罣碍 (guà'ài)):
* → Japanese: 罣礙(けげ) (kege)
* → Korean: 가애(罣礙) (gaae)
* → Vietnamese: quái ngại (罣礙)

/ku̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/

/ku̯ä⁵¹ ˀaɪ̯¹/

/kʷaː³³ ŋɔːi̯²²/

/kua²¹⁻⁵³ ɡai²²/

/kua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡai⁴¹/

/kua²¹⁻⁵³ ɡai²²/

/kua¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡai³³/

/kua²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡai³³/

/kua²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ɡai¹¹/

/ku̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀaɪ̯⁵¹/

/ku̯ä⁵¹ ˀaɪ̯¹/

/kʷaː³³ ŋɔːi̯²²/

/kua²¹⁻⁵³ ɡai²²/

/kua⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ɡai⁴¹/

/kua²¹⁻⁵³ ɡai²²/

/kua¹¹⁻⁵³ ɡai³³/

/kua²¹⁻⁴¹ ɡai³³/

/kua²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ɡai¹¹/

Translation of Sanskrit आवरण (āvaraṇa, “covering; hiding; obscuring; obstructing”) or Sanskrit आलम्बन (ālambana, “depending on or from; hanging from”), as in चित्तावरण (cittāvaraṇa, literally “thought-covering”) or चित्तालम्बन (cittālambana, literally “mental hanging”) (Shi, 2014).

der

挂碍
挂礙
罣礙
*絓礙

(Buddhism, of the mind) to be hindered, thus unawakened; to be obstructed


梵唱

/fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹/

/fän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹/

/fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹/

/fän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵¹/


梵貝

/fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/fän³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/fän⁵¹⁻⁵³ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/fän³⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

梵冊貝葉 梵冊貝葉#Chinese

梵册贝叶 梵册贝叶#Chinese

(Buddhism) Short for 梵冊貝葉／梵册贝叶 (“Buddhist scriptures”).

(Buddhism) Alternative term for 法螺 (fǎluó, “conch shell used as a Buddhist trumpet”).


娑婆訶

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (娑婆訶):
* → Japanese: 薩(そ)婆(わ)訶(か) (sowaka)
* → Korean: 사바하(娑婆訶) (sabaha)
* → Vietnamese: ta bà ha (娑婆訶)

/sä⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ⁵⁵/

/sä⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ⁵⁵/

(Buddhism, Hinduism) svaha (said during oblation)


轉經筒

ㄓㄨㄢˇ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄊㄨㄥˇ

ㄓㄨㄢˇ ㄐㄧㄥ ㄊㄨㄥˇ

чжуаньцзинтун

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


化生

/xu̯ä⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/faː³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/faː³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) to be born by transformation; to be born through metamorphosis


阿闍梨

/ˀä⁵⁵ ʂɤ³⁵ li³⁵/

/aː³³ sɛː²¹ lei̯²¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ sia²³⁻³³ le²³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ sia²⁴⁻¹¹ le²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ li²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ li²³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ ʂɤ³⁵ li³⁵/

/aː³³ sɛː²¹ lei̯²¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ sia²³⁻³³ le²³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ sia²⁴⁻¹¹ le²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ li²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ li²³/

From Sanskrit आचार्य (ācārya, “mentor”, literally “imparting the rules and conduct”).

bor

阿阇梨
阿闍黎
阿遮利那
闍黎

(Buddhism, honorific) a reputable senior monk


火風

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/fɔː³⁵ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) fire and wind (two of the four great elements)


色即是空，空即是色

ja-r

色 即 是 空、空 即 是 色

しき そく ぜ くう、くう そく ぜ しき

desc

색즉시공 공즉시색(色卽是空 空卽是色)

→ Korean: 색즉시공 공즉시색(色卽是空 空卽是色)

CJKV/code

しき そく ぜ くう、くう そく ぜ しき

色 即 是 空、空 即 是 色

Sino-Xenic (色即是空，空即是色):
* → Japanese: 色(しき)即(そく)是(ぜ)空(くう)、空(くう)即(そく)是(ぜ)色(しき) (shiki soku ze kū, kū soku ze shiki)
* → Korean: 색즉시공 공즉시색(色卽是空 空卽是色)
* → Vietnamese: sắc tức thị không, không tức thị sắc (色即是空，空即是色)

CJKV

しき そく ぜ くう、くう そく ぜ しき

色 即 是 空、空 即 是 色

desc

Malay: isi adalah kosong, kosong adalah isi

Vietnamese: sắc tức là không, không tức là sắc

ㄙㄜˋ ㄐㄧˊ ㄕˋ ㄎㄨㄥ

ㄎㄨㄥ ㄐㄧˊ ㄕˋ ㄙㄜˋ

sik¹ zik¹ si⁶ hung¹, hung¹ zik¹ si⁶ sik¹

ㄙㄜˋ ㄐㄧˊ ㄕˋ ㄎㄨㄥ

ㄎㄨㄥ ㄐㄧˊ ㄕˋ ㄙㄜˋ

sê⁴ chi² shih⁴ kʻung¹, kʻung¹ chi² shih⁴ sê⁴

сэ цзи ши кун

кун цзи ши сэ

/sɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ sɤ⁵¹/

sik⁷ dzik⁷ si⁶ hung¹, hung¹ dzik⁷ si⁶ sik⁷

xig¹ jig¹ xi⁶ hung¹, hung¹ jig¹ xi⁶ xig¹

/sɪk̚⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵ siː²² hʊŋ⁵⁵ hʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚⁵ siː²² sɪk̚⁵/

srik tsik dzyeX khuwng khuwng tsik dzyeX srik

“Shariputra, form (rupa) is indistinguishable from emptiness (sunyata), emptiness indistingushable from form. Form is indeed emptiness, emptiness indeed form. Likewise are sensation (vedana), perception (samjna), formation (samskara), and consciousness (vijnana).”

7th century, Shorter Prajñāpāramitā-hṛdaya Sutra (translation by Xuanzang)

“Shèlìzǐ, sè bù yì kōng, kōng bù yì sè. Sè jí shì kōng, kōng jí shì sè. Shòu xiǎng xíng shí, yì fù rúshì.”

「舍利子，色不異空，空不異色。色即是空，空即是色。受想行識，亦復如是。」

「舍利子，色不异空，空不异色。色即是空，空即是色。受想行识，亦复如是。」

色則是空，空則是色
色即是空
空即是色

(Buddhism) Form is precisely emptiness and emptiness is precisely form.


阿吽

/ˀä⁵⁵ xʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ xʊŋ⁵⁵/


牟呼栗多

ㄇㄡˊ ㄏㄨ ㄌㄧˋ ㄉㄨㄛ

ㄇㄡˊ ㄏㄨ ㄌㄧˋ ㄉㄨㄛ

/moʊ̯³⁵ xu⁵⁵ li⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/mɐu̯²¹ fuː⁵⁵ lɵt̚² tɔː⁵⁵/

/moʊ̯³⁵ xu⁵⁵ li⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/mɐu̯²¹ fuː⁵⁵ lɵt̚² tɔː⁵⁵/

(Buddhism, archaic) 48 minutes; 1/30 of a day


阿鼻地獄

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (阿鼻地獄):
* → Japanese: 阿(あ)鼻(び)地(じ)獄(ごく) (abi jigoku)
* → Korean: 아비지옥(阿鼻地獄) (abijiok)

ㄚ ㄅㄧˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ

ㄚ ㄅㄧˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ

/ˀä⁵⁵ pi³⁵ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/

/aː³³ pei̯²² tei̯²² jʊk̚²/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pi³⁵ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/

/aː³³ pei̯²² tei̯²² jʊk̚²/

(Buddhism) Avīci (the lowest level of the “hell” realm)


阿閦佛

/ˀä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/aː³³ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵ fɐt̚²/

/ˀä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/aː³³ t͡sʰʊk̚⁵ fɐt̚²/


無我

Sino-Xenic (無我):
* → Japanese: 無我(むが) (muga)
* → Korean: 무아(無我) (mua)
* → Vietnamese: vô ngã (無我)

/u³⁵ wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mou̯²¹ ŋɔː¹³/

/bo²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bo²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/

/bo¹³⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bo²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bɤ²³⁻³³ ŋɔ̃⁴¹/

/u³⁵ wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mou̯²¹ ŋɔː¹³/

/bo²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bo²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/

/bo¹³⁻²² ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bo²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋɔ̃⁵³/

/bɤ²³⁻³³ ŋɔ̃⁴¹/


芸芸眾生

ㄩㄣˊ ㄩㄣˊ ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄕㄥ

ㄩㄣˊ ㄩㄣˊ ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄕㄥ

юньюньчжуншэн

/yn³⁵ yn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/wɐn²¹ wɐn²¹ t͡sʊŋ³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/yn³⁵ yn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/wɐn²¹ wɐn²¹ t͡sʊŋ³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵/


肥勒

/pui¹³⁻²² liɪk̚¹²¹/

/pui²⁴⁻²² liɪk̚⁴/

/pui²⁴⁻²² lak̚²⁴/

/pui¹³⁻²² liɪk̚¹²¹/

/pui²⁴⁻²² liɪk̚⁴/

/pui²⁴⁻²² lak̚²⁴/


宿緣

/su⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/su⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

(Buddhism) predestined cause; preordained relationship; fate inherited from a previous incarnation


金輪

Sino-Xenic (金輪):
* → Japanese: 金輪(こんりん) (konrin)
* → Korean: 금륜(金輪) (geumnyun)

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ lu̯ən³⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ lu̯ən³⁵/


眾生相

ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄕㄥ ㄒㄧㄤˋ

ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄕㄥ ㄒㄧㄤˋ

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵ sœːŋ³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ³³ sɐŋ⁵⁵ sœːŋ³³/

Calque of Sanskrit सत्त्वसंज्ञा (sattvasaṃjñā).

calque

सत्त्वसंज्ञा


阿肥勒佛仔

/a⁴⁴⁻²² pui¹³⁻²² liɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ a⁵³/


肥勒佛

/pui¹³⁻²² liɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hut̚¹²¹/

/pui¹³⁻²² liɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hut̚¹²¹/


四面佛

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ mi̯ɛn⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ mi̯ɛn⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

(Buddhism) Phra Phrom (Thai representation of the Hindu god Brahma)


盂蘭盆會

ㄩˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄆㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

ㄩˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄆㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

Юйланьпэньхуэй

/y³⁵ län³⁵ pʰən³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/jyː²¹ laːn²¹ pʰuːn²¹ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/y³⁵ län³⁵ pʰən³⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/jyː²¹ laːn²¹ pʰuːn²¹ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

(Buddhism) Ghost Festival; Ullambana Festival


四弘誓願

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (四弘誓願):
* → Korean: 사홍서원(四弘誓願) (sahongseowon)

ㄙˋ ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄕˋ ㄩㄢˋ

ㄙˋ ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄕˋ ㄩㄢˋ

/sz̩⁵¹ xʊŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵¹ xʊŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛn⁵¹/


做功課

ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄗㄨㄛˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄎㄜˋ

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sou̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵ fɔː³³/

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sou̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵ fɔː³³/

(Buddhism, of monks) to chant scriptures


堂子

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/dɑ̃²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ d͡z̥z̩³/

/tʰɔːŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/dɑ̃²² t͡sz̩⁴⁴/


不空成就如來

ㄅㄨˋ ㄎㄨㄥ ㄔㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ ㄖㄨˊ ㄌㄞˊ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄎㄨㄥ ㄔㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄡˋ ㄖㄨˊ ㄌㄞˊ

букунчэнцзюжулай

/pu⁵¹ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ʐu³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/pɐt̚⁵ hʊŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯²² jyː²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/

Calque of Sanskrit अमोघसिद्धि (Amoghasiddhi).


蓮邦

/li̯ɛn³⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) the Lotus Land; the Pure Land of Amitābha


文殊

/wən³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ syː²¹/

/uŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾ny⁵³/

/bun²⁴⁻²² su²⁴/

/bun²⁴⁻²² su²⁴/

/bun¹³⁻²² su¹³/

/bun²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/

/bun²³⁻³³ su²³/

/wən³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ syː²¹/

/uŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾ny⁵³/

/bun²⁴⁻²² su²⁴/

/bun²⁴⁻²² su²⁴/

/bun¹³⁻²² su¹³/

/bun²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/

/bun²³⁻³³ su²³/

(Buddhism) Mañjuśrī (bodhisattva associated with prajñā in Mahayana Buddhism)


八寶衫

/pat̚⁵⁻²⁴ po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sã³³/

/pat̚³²⁻⁴ po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sã⁴⁴/

/pat̚³²⁻⁵ po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sã⁴⁴/

/pat̚⁵⁻²⁴ po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sã³³/

/pat̚³²⁻⁴ po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sã⁴⁴/

/pat̚³²⁻⁵ po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sã⁴⁴/

(Southern Min, Buddhism) kasaya (the robes of fully ordained Buddhist monks and nuns)


佛果

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (佛果):
* → Japanese: 仏果(ぶっか) (bukka)
* → Korean: 불과(佛果) (bulgwa)
* → Vietnamese: phật quả (佛果)

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɐt̚² kʷɔː³⁵/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɐt̚² kʷɔː³⁵/

(Buddhism) enlightenment as a result; arhatship


閻羅天子

ㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄗˇ

ㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄗˇ

Яньло Тяньцзы

/jɛn³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɛn³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Hinduism, Buddhism, Chinese mythology) Synonym of 閻羅 /阎罗 (Yánluó, “Yama (god of the underworld)”)


觀音大士

ㄍㄨㄢ ㄧㄣ ㄉㄚˋ ㄕˋ

ㄍㄨㄢ ㄧㄣ ㄉㄚˋ ㄕˋ

Гуаньинь Даши

/ku̯än⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kuːn⁵⁵ jɐm⁵⁵ taːi̯²² siː²²/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³⁻¹¹ su³³/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³⁻²¹ su³³/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/kuːn⁵⁵ jɐm⁵⁵ taːi̯²² siː²²/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³⁻¹¹ su³³/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³⁻²¹ su³³/

(Buddhism) Synonym of 觀音 /观音 (Guānyīn, “Guanyin”)


火宅

Sino-Xenic (火宅):
* → Japanese: 火(か)宅(たく) (kataku)
* → Korean: 화택(火宅) (hwataek)

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯³⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂaɪ̯³⁵/


捾珠

/kuã³³⁻¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴/

/kuã²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁴⁴/

/kuã³³⁻¹¹ t͡su⁴⁴/

/kuã²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁴⁴/

(Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien, Buddhism) prayer beads


紅教

/xʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/hʊŋ²¹ kaːu̯³³/

/xʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/hʊŋ²¹ kaːu̯³³/


海德

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

(Buddhism) the Eight Virtues of the Ocean


合十

/xɤ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/hɐp̚² sɐp̚²/

/xɤ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/hɐp̚² sɐp̚²/

(Buddhism) to put the palms together before another person (usually as a greeting)


雙手合十

ㄕㄨㄤ ㄕㄡˇ ㄏㄜˊ ㄕˊ

ㄕㄨㄤ ㄕㄡˇ ㄏㄜˊ ㄕˊ

шуаншоу хэши

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵ hɐp̚² sɐp̚²/

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵ hɐp̚² sɐp̚²/

(Buddhism) to put the palms together before one (usually as a Buddhist greeting)


合掌拜

/hap̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pai²¹/

/hap̚²⁴⁻² t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pai⁴¹/

/hap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pai²¹/

/hap̚⁴⁻³² t͡siɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pai²¹/

/hap̚²⁴⁻² t͡siɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pai⁴¹/

/hap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siɔ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pai²¹/

(Hokkien, Buddhism) to put the palms together before one (as a Buddhist greeting)


劫數

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ²¹/

/kiap̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɔ⁴¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁵ sɔ²¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ¹¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ²¹/

/kiap̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɔ⁴¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁵ sɔ²¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ¹¹/

/kiap̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ²¹/

(Buddhism) predestined fate; inexorable doom


老死

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


大千世界

ㄉㄚˋ ㄑㄧㄢ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄑㄧㄢ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³/

(Buddhism) trichiliocosm (billion-fold universe)


入聖

/ʐu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/jɐp̚² sɪŋ³³/

/ʐu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/jɐp̚² sɪŋ³³/


般涅槃

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛ⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛ⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

From Sanskrit परिनिर्वाण (parinirvāṇa, past participle), transcribed in Huilin's Yiqiejing Yinyi (Book XXI) as 般利涅盤那 (Middle Chinese /*pʷɑ(n) liᴴ net̚ bʷɑn nɑ/), and the declension forms Sanskrit परिनिर्वाणम् n sg (parinirvāṇam) or Pali parinibbānaṃ n sg transcribed in the Liao-era Buddhist glossary 《續一切經音義》 (Addenda to the Yiqiejing Yinyi, Book X) as 波利儞嚩南 (/*puɑ liᴴ nɨ^X mɑ^X nəm/). The form has also been used to translate related verbs. See 涅槃 (nièpán).

der

परिनिर्वाणम्


般涅槃

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (般涅槃):
* → Japanese: 般(はつ)涅(ね)槃(はん) (hatsunehan)
* → Korean: 반열반(般涅槃) (banyeolban)
* → Vietnamese: bát niết bàn (般涅槃)

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛ⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ni̯ɛ⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

der

परिनिर्वाणम्

Arising from the fourth jhāna the Buddha became fully extinguished.

c. 413. Buddhayaśas (佛陀耶舍) and Zhu Fonian (竺佛念), trans. The Dīrghāgama 《長阿含經·遊行經》.

從四禪起，佛般涅槃。

从四禅起，佛般涅槃。

(Buddhism) to attain parinirvana; to become fully extinguished


佛爺

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛ³⁵/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛ³/

/fɐt̚² jɛː²¹/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛ³⁵/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ jɛ³/

/fɐt̚² jɛː²¹/


大慈大悲

desc

đại từ đại bi

CJKV/code

đại từ đại bi

Sino-Xenic (大慈大悲):
* → Japanese: 大(だい)慈(じ)大(だい)悲(ひ) (daijidaihi)
* → Korean: 대자대비(大慈大悲) (daejadaebi)
* → Vietnamese: đại từ đại bi (大慈大悲)

CJKV

đại từ đại bi

ㄉㄚˋ ㄘˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄟ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄘˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄟ

/tä⁵¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵ tä⁵¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʰiː²¹ taːi̯²² pei̯⁵⁵/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɨ¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ pi²⁴/

/tʰai³³ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ tʰai³³ pui⁵³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴⁻¹¹ tai³³⁻¹¹ pi⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ t͡su²³⁻³³ tai³³⁻²¹ pi⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵ tä⁵¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʰiː²¹ taːi̯²² pei̯⁵⁵/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɨ¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ pi²⁴/

/tʰai³³ t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ tʰai³³ pui⁵³/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴⁻¹¹ tai³³⁻¹¹ pi⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ t͡su²³⁻³³ tai³³⁻²¹ pi⁴⁴/

(Buddhism or figuratively) infinitely compassionate and merciful (e.g. of the buddhas and bodhisattvas)


念佛

/ni̯ɛn⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/liam²²⁻²¹ put̚¹²¹/

/ni̯ɛn⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/liam²²⁻²¹ put̚¹²¹/

南無阿彌陀佛 南無阿彌陀佛#Chinese

南无阿弥陀佛 南无阿弥陀佛#Chinese

(Buddhism) to recite 南無阿彌陀佛／南无阿弥陀佛 (Nāmó Ēmítuófó)

to recite 南無阿彌陀佛／南无阿弥陀佛 (Nāmó Ēmítuófó)


中有

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Calque of Sanskrit अन्तराभव (antarābhava), from अन्तरा (antarā, “between”) and भव (bhava, “birth; existence”).

clq

7ᵗʰ century, 普光, 《俱舍論記》, volume 10, in Taishō Tripiṭaka, volume 41, page 181

Rùn zhōngyǒu huò míng qǐjié, rùn shēngyǒu huò míng shēngjié.

潤中有惑名起結，潤生有惑名生結。

润中有惑名起结，润生有惑名生结。

2021 September 25, 释静悟, 《论瑜伽行派的中有思想》, in 《法音》 [The Voice of Dharma], →ISSN, issue 445, page 12

Guānyú “zhōngyǒu” shì gùtài, háishì liútài de wèntí, lùnshīmen xiǎnrán guāndiǎn bù yīzhì.

關於「中有」是固態，還是流態的問題，論師們顯然觀點不一致。

关于「中有」是固态，还是流态的问题，论师们显然观点不一致。


中陰

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ in⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ in⁵⁵/


普賢菩薩

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (普賢菩薩):
* → Japanese: 普賢菩薩(ふげんぼさつ) (Fugen Bosatsu)
* → Korean: 보현보살(普賢菩薩) (Bohyeonbosal)
* → Vietnamese: Phổ Hiền Bồ Tát (普賢菩薩)

ㄆㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄢˊ ㄆㄨˊ ㄙㄚˋ

ㄆㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄢˊ ㄆㄨˊ ㄙㄚˋ

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ pʰu³⁵ sä⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ jiːn²¹ pʰou̯²¹ saːt̚³/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ pʰu³⁵ sä⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ jiːn²¹ pʰou̯²¹ saːt̚³/

普賢 (pǔxián) is a calque of Sanskrit समन्तभद्र (samantabhadra, literally “universally worthy”).


舍利塔

/ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɛː³³ lei̯²² tʰaːp̚³/

/ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɛː³³ lei̯²² tʰaːp̚³/


塔婆

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

Ultimately from Sanskrit स्तूप (stūpa) via a Prakit language.


福德

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (福德):
* → Korean: 복덕(福德) (bokdeok)
* → Vietnamese: phúc đức (福德)

/fʊk̚⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

/hɒʔ²¹⁻⁴² tɛʔ²¹/

/hɒʔ²⁻⁴ tɛʔ²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ tiɪk̚³²/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiak̚⁵/

/fʊk̚⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

/hɒʔ²¹⁻⁴² tɛʔ²¹/

/hɒʔ²⁻⁴ tɛʔ²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

/hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ tiɪk̚³²/

/hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiak̚⁵/

(Buddhism, Jainism, Hinduism) merit; virtue; punya


四有

/sz̩⁵¹ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sz̩⁵¹ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

; Slogan of the Communist Party of China

(Buddhism) the four stages of existence: 生有 (shēngyǒu, “moment of birth”), 本有 (běnyǒu, “life”), 死有 (sǐyǒu, “moment of death”), and 中有 (zhōngyǒu, “bardo”)


能仁

/nɤŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/nɤŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

; Śākyamuni
Calque of Sanskrit शाक्यमुनि (Śākyamuni, “sage of the Śākyas”), where शाक्य (Śākya) is read as a derivation of शक् (śak, “capable, to be able”). Displaced by the transliteration 釋迦牟尼／释迦牟尼 (Shìjiāmóuní) in later translations.

zh-l

釋迦牟尼／释迦牟尼 (Shìjiāmóuní)

The Buddha [of the past] told him saying: "After ninety-one kalpas, you shall become a Buddha, and your title will be the Tathagatha Capable of Benevolence".

Fó gào zhī yuē: “Hòu jiǔshíyī jié, ěr dāng wèi fó, hào yuē Néngrén Rúlái.”

佛告之曰：「後九十一劫，爾當為佛，號曰能仁如來。」

佛告之曰：「后九十一劫，尔当为佛，号曰能仁如来。」

(Buddhism, archaic, obsolete) Śākyamuni; Gautama Buddha


法物

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ u⁵¹/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ u⁵¹/


觀音娘

/kon²⁴⁻¹¹ im²⁴ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/kon²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋim²⁴ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/kon²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋim²⁴ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/kueŋ³³⁻²³ im³³⁻²³ nĩẽ⁵⁵/

/kuaŋ³³⁻²³ im³³⁻²³ nĩõ⁵⁵/

/kon²⁴⁻¹¹ im²⁴ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/kon²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋim²⁴ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/kon²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋim²⁴ ŋi̯oŋ¹¹/

/kueŋ³³⁻²³ im³³⁻²³ nĩẽ⁵⁵/

/kuaŋ³³⁻²³ im³³⁻²³ nĩõ⁵⁵/


經師

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵/

(literary, Buddhism) master interpreter and chanter of Buddhist scripture


廣度

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ tou̯²²/

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ tou̯²²/

(Buddhism) to save (sentient beings) universally


水陸道場

ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄌㄨˋ ㄉㄠˋ ㄔㄤˇ

ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄌㄨˋ ㄉㄠˋ ㄔㄤˊ

шуйлу даочан

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ lʊk̚² tou̯²² t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ lʊk̚² tou̯²² t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

(Buddhism) Liberation Rite of Water and Land


奈河橋

ㄋㄞˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄑㄧㄠˊ

ㄋㄞˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄑㄧㄠˊ

/naɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² hɔː²¹ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/naɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² hɔː²¹ kʰiːu̯²¹/

(Buddhism) narrow and perilous bridge that stretches across the Nai-He (Nai River)


奈河

/naɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² hɔː²¹/

/naɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² hɔː²¹/

Some consider the first or both syllables to be a transcription of Sanskrit नरक (naraka, “hell”).


閻王爺

/jɛn³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵ jɛ³⁵/

/nʲiɛn²¹ uaŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵ iɛ²¹/

/jiːm²¹ wɔːŋ²¹ jɛː²¹/

/ie¹¹ vɒ̃¹¹ ie¹¹/

/jɛn³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵ jɛ³⁵/

/nʲiɛn²¹ uaŋ²¹⁻⁵⁵ iɛ²¹/

/jiːm²¹ wɔːŋ²¹ jɛː²¹/

/ie¹¹ vɒ̃¹¹ ie¹¹/

(Buddhism, Chinese mythology) Synonym of 閻羅 /阎罗 (Yánluó, “Yama (god of the underworld)”)


護生

/xu⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/xu⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) protecting the lives of animals (through vegetarianism or purchasing them for release)


妙法

ja-r

妙(みょう)法(ほう) (myōhō)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (妙法):
* → Japanese: 妙(みょう)法(ほう) (myōhō)
* → Korean: 묘법(妙法) (myobeop)
* → Vietnamese: diệu pháp (妙法)

/mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Buddhism) marvellous law of Buddha; profound Buddhist doctrine or power


鹹水海

ㄒㄧㄢˊ ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄏㄞˇ

ㄒㄧㄢˊ ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄏㄞˇ

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haːm²¹ sɵy̯³⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haːm²¹ sɵy̯³⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

(Buddhism) the salt water ocean (the eighth and the outermost ocean in Buddhist worldview)


觀世音菩薩

ja-r

^かん%ぜ%おん ^ぼ%さつ

desc

^관세음보살(觀世音菩薩)

CJKV/code

^かん%ぜ%おん ^ぼ%さつ

Sino-Xenic (觀世音菩薩):
* → Japanese: 観(かん)世(ぜ)音(おん)菩(ぼ)薩(さつ) (Kanzeon Bosatsu)
* → Korean: 관세음보살(觀世音菩薩) (Gwanseeumbosal)
* → Vietnamese: Quán Thế Âm Bồ Tát (觀世音菩薩)

CJKV

^かん%ぜ%おん ^ぼ%さつ

ㄍㄨㄢ ㄕˋ ㄧㄣ ㄆㄨˊ ㄙㄚˋ

ㄍㄨㄢ ㄕˋ ㄧㄣ ㄆㄨˊ ㄙㄚˋ

Гуаньшиинь Пуса

/ku̯än⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ in⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ sä⁵¹/

/kuːn⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³ jɐm⁵⁵ pʰou̯²¹ saːt̚³/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻²² se²¹⁻⁵³ im⁴⁴⁻²² pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² sat̚³²/

/kuan³³ se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ im³³ pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² sat̚⁵/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻²² se²¹⁻⁵³ im⁴⁴⁻²² pʰɔ¹³⁻²² sat̚³²/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ se¹¹⁻⁵³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ sat̚³²/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ se²¹⁻⁴¹ im⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɔ²³⁻³³ sat̚³²/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ in⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ sä⁵¹/

/kuːn⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³ jɐm⁵⁵ pʰou̯²¹ saːt̚³/

/kuan³³ se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ im³³ pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² sat̚⁵/


觀音菩薩

ㄍㄨㄢ ㄧㄣ ㄆㄨˊ ㄙㄚˋ

ㄍㄨㄢ ㄧㄣ ㄆㄨˊ ˙ㄙㄚ

Гуаньинь Пуса

/ku̯än⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ sä⁵¹/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ sä³/

guan¹ yin⁰ pu² saq⁵ [Phonetic:guan¹ yin⁰ pu³ saq⁵]

/kuã³¹ ĩ pʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ saʔ⁵/

/kuːn⁵⁵ jɐm⁵⁵ pʰou̯²¹ saːt̚³/

/kon²⁴⁻¹¹ im²⁴ pʰu¹¹ sat̚²/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ sat̚³²/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɔ²³⁻³³ sat̚³²/

/kuø⁵⁵ in³³ bu³³ saʔ²¹/

/kʰõ³³ in³³ pu¹³ sa̠²⁴/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ sä⁵¹/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ sä³/

/kuã³¹ ĩ pʰu²⁴⁻¹¹ saʔ⁵/

/kuːn⁵⁵ jɐm⁵⁵ pʰou̯²¹ saːt̚³/

/kon²⁴⁻¹¹ im²⁴ pʰu¹¹ sat̚²/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ sat̚³²/

/kuan⁴⁴⁻³³ im⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɔ²³⁻³³ sat̚³²/

/kuø⁵⁵ in³³ bu³³ saʔ²¹/

/kʰõ³³ in³³ pu¹³ sa̠²⁴/


月天子

/ɥɛ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jyːt̚² tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jyːt̚² tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

(Buddhism) male regent of the moon; Chandra


生滅

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (生滅):
* → Japanese: 生(しょう)滅(めつ) (shōmetsu)
* → Korean: 생멸(生滅) (saengmyeol)

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ mi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ miːt̚²/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ mi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sɐŋ⁵⁵ miːt̚²/

(Buddhism) birth and death; appearance and disappearance; production and annihilation


攝提

/ʂɤ⁵¹ tʰi³⁵/

/ni̯ɛ⁵¹ tʰi³⁵/

/ʂɤ⁵¹ tʰi³⁵/

/ni̯ɛ⁵¹ tʰi³⁵/


開悟

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ u⁵¹/

/kʰai⁴⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²²/

/kʰai³³ ŋɔ̃⁴¹/

/kʰai⁴⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²²/

/kʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃³³/

/kʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃³³/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ u⁵¹/

/kʰai⁴⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²²/

/kʰai³³ ŋɔ̃⁴¹/

/kʰai⁴⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²²/

/kʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃³³/

/kʰai⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃³³/

(Buddhism, philosophy, psychology) enlightenment


大我

/tä⁵¹ wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² ŋɔː¹³/

/tä⁵¹ wɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² ŋɔː¹³/


歸真

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

/kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

/kʷɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/


往生者

/wɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Buddhism, euphemistic) the dead; the deceased; the departed


色相

/sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/sɪk̚⁵ sœːŋ³³/

/sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/sɪk̚⁵ sœːŋ³³/

(Buddhism) material appearance; external manifestation; the visible


脂那

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

(obsolete, Buddhism) Alternative form of 支那 (Zhīnà, “China”)


佛號

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ xɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(Buddhism) one of the many names of Buddha

(Buddhism) the sound of people reciting the names of Buddha


摩訶般若波羅蜜多心經

ㄇㄛˊ ㄏㄜ ㄅㄛ ㄖㄜˇ ㄅㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄧˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄥ

ㄇㄛˊ ㄏㄜ ㄅㄛ ㄖㄜˇ ㄅㄛ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄧˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄥ

Mo²-ho¹ Po¹-jê³ Po¹-lo²-mi⁴-to¹ Hsin¹-ching¹

Мохэ Божэ Боломидо Синьцзин

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʐɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ mi⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

般若波羅蜜多心經 般若波羅蜜多心經#Chinese

般若波罗蜜多心经 般若波罗蜜多心经#Chinese

(Buddhism) Synonym of 般若波羅蜜多心經 /般若波罗蜜多心经 (Bōrě Bōluómìduō Xīnjīng, “Heart Sutra”)


南膜

/nä⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/nä⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

Borrowed from Sanskrit नमस् (namas, literally “a bow”).


三皈

/sän⁵⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/


石經

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (石經):
* → Japanese: 石経(せっけい) (sekkei)
* → Korean: 석경(石經) (seokgyeong)

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² kɪŋ⁵⁵/

(Buddhism) Buddhist scripture carved on stone (cliffs, steles, etc.)


至那

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/


藥師佛

/jɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jœːk̚² siː⁵⁵ fɐt̚²/

/jɑʊ̯⁵¹ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jœːk̚² siː⁵⁵ fɐt̚²/


西方三聖

ㄒㄧ ㄈㄤ ㄙㄢ ㄕㄥˋ

ㄒㄧ ㄈㄤ ㄙㄢ ㄕㄥˋ

Сифан Саньшэн

/ɕi⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵ sän⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/ɕi⁵⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵ sän⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

(Buddhism) Three Saints of the West; three particular figures in Pure Land Buddhism namely Buddha Amitābha, bodhisattva Guan Yin (Avalokiteśvara), and bodhisattva Da Shi Zhi (Mahāsthāmaprāpta).


地藏

Sino-Xenic (地藏):
* → Japanese: 地(じ)蔵(ぞう) (Jizō)

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/tei̯²² t͡sɔːŋ²²/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/tei̯²² t͡sɔːŋ²²/

(Buddhism) (～菩薩) Ksitigarbha bodhisattva


文殊菩薩

ㄨㄣˊ ㄕㄨ ㄆㄨˊ ㄙㄚˋ

ㄨㄣˊ ㄕㄨ ㄆㄨˊ ㄙㄚˋ

/wən³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ sä⁵¹/

/mɐn²¹ syː²¹ pʰou̯²¹ saːt̚³/

/wən³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ sä⁵¹/

/mɐn²¹ syː²¹ pʰou̯²¹ saːt̚³/


鼻根

(Buddhism) nose, one of the six sensory faculty


四大

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹/

; Four Great Elements of Buddhism
From abbreviation of 四 (sì, “four”) + 大種／大种 (Dàzhǒng), a calque of Sanskrit महाभूत (mahābhūta).

zh-l

大種／大种 (Dàzhǒng)

महाभूत महाभूत#Sanskrit

(Buddhism) Four महाभूत (mahābhūta) (Great Elements of Buddhism, viz. earth, water, fire and air)


善知識

/ʂän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/ʂän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/ʂän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Calque of Sanskrit कल्याणमित्र (kalyāṇamitra) or calque of Pali kalyāṇa mittatā.

calque

Virtuous friendship is the entirety of the Buddhist way of life.

c. 710, Yijing, translator. Mūlasarvāstivāda Vinaya (《根本說一切有部毘奈耶雜事》), ch. 38

善知識者是全梵行。

善知识者是全梵行。

(Buddhism) kalyāṇa mittatā; friendship in virtue

(Buddhism) virtuous friend; virtuous person


名色

/miŋ³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/miã²⁴⁻²² siɪk̚³²/

/miŋ³⁵ sɤ⁵¹/

/miã²⁴⁻²² siɪk̚³²/


文殊師利

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (文殊師利):
* → Japanese: 文(もん)殊(じゅ)師(し)利(り) (Monjushiri)
* → Korean: 문수사리(文殊師利) (Munsusari)
* → Vietnamese: Văn-thù-sư-lợi (文殊師利)

ㄨㄣˊ ㄕㄨ ㄕ ㄌㄧˋ

ㄨㄣˊ ㄕㄨ ㄕ ㄌㄧˋ

/wən³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

/wən³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

(Buddhism) Manjushri (bodhisattva associated with prajñā in Mahayana Buddhism)


四生

/sz̩⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/


僧院

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

/sɤŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/


辟支佛

/pi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/pʰi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/pi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/pʰi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

Phonetic borrowing from Sanskrit प्रत्येक बुद्ध (pratyeka buddha) > Pali pacceka buddha.

borrowed

प्रत्येक बुद्ध

It is extremely rare for a Pratyekabuddha and for a completely passion-free disciple of the Tathāgata, for an Arhat, to appear in the world.

Gautama Saṅghadeva, translator, c. late 4th century. Ekottara Āgama (增壹阿含經). Based on the English translation by Thích Huyền-Vi, Bhikkhu Pāsādika, and Sara Boin-Webb.

Suǒwèi pìzhīfó chūxiàn shìjiān shènwéi nándé; Rúlái dìzǐ lòujìn āluóhàn chūxiàn shìjiān shènwéi nándé.

所謂辟支佛出現世間甚為難得；如來弟子漏盡阿羅漢出現世間甚為難得。

所谓辟支佛出现世间甚为难得；如来弟子漏尽阿罗汉出现世间甚为难得。

(Buddhism) Pratyekabuddha (an enlightened being whose path to enlightenment lies outside the Buddhist tradition or community; one who becomes enlightened without the teachings of the Buddha)


小乘佛教

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄔㄥˊ ㄈㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄕㄥˋ ㄈㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

Сяочэнфоцзяо

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Сяошэнфоцзяо

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

(Buddhism, originally derogatory) Theravada Buddhism; Theravada


檀施

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (檀施):
* → Japanese: 檀(だん)施(せ) (danse)
* → Korean: 단시(檀施) (dansi)

/tʰän³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/tʰän³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

(Buddhism, used by monks and priests, respectful) almsgiver; benefactor; patron


寒林

; charnel ground
Calque of Sanskrit शीतवन (śītavana, “cool forest”), from शीत (śīta) + वन (vana).


偈頌

/t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/kɐi̯²² t͡sʊŋ²²/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/kɐi̯²² t͡sʊŋ²²/

Borrowed from Sanskrit गाथा (gāthā, “verse”) 偈陀 + native Chinese 頌 (“praise”).

(Buddhism) hymn, the metrical part of a sūtra


荼毗

/tʰu³⁵ pʰi³⁵/

/tʰu³⁵ pʰi³⁵/

Borrowed from Pali jhāpita (“cremated”), the past participle of jhāpeti (“to cremate”).

荼毗儀式

荼毗仪式

(Buddhism) cremation (typically for Buddhist monastics)


和南

/xɤ³⁵ nän³⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ nän³⁵/

Borrowed from Sanskrit वन्दन (vandana, “salutation”).

(Buddhism) obeisance; reverence (to a religious elder)


維那

/weɪ̯³⁵ nä⁵¹/

/weɪ̯³⁵ nä⁵¹/

Combined from native Chinese 維 (“to maintain”) + an abbreviation of Sanskrit कर्मदान (karmadāna, “duty-distributor”).

bor

(Buddhism) duty-distributor; a arranger of duties in command of a monastery


十方

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (十方):
* → Japanese: 十方(じっぽう) (jippō)
* → Korean: 십방(十方) (sipbang)
* → Vietnamese: thập phương (十方)

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sip̚²⁴⁻² hɔŋ³³/

/sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sip̚²⁴⁻² hɔŋ³³/

/sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

(Buddhism) the ten positions: four cardinal directions (north, south, east and west), the four ordinal directions, and the zenith and nadir


法器

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/

(Buddhism, Taoism) ritual tool; ritual instrument; ritual item; ritual prop


浴佛

/y⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jʊk̚² fɐt̚²/

/y⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jʊk̚² fɐt̚²/

(Buddhism) to bathe a Buddha statue (as a ceremony)


緣起

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² kʰi⁵³/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² kʰi⁵⁵⁴/

/iɛn¹³⁻²² kʰi⁵³/

/iɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰi⁵³/

/iɛn²³⁻³³ kʰi⁴¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² kʰi⁵³/

/iɛn²⁴⁻²² kʰi⁵⁵⁴/

/iɛn¹³⁻²² kʰi⁵³/

/iɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰi⁵³/

/iɛn²³⁻³³ kʰi⁴¹/


迦樓羅

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄡˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄡˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ loʊ̯³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ loʊ̯³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

Possibly from Pali garuḷa, from Sanskrit गरुड (garuḍa). The Sanskrit ṭ ~ ḍ > ḷ > l reflexes were productive in both Middle Indic languages and early Chinese Buddhist lexicon. (Ji, 1998v4)

(Buddhism, mythology) garuda (mythological winged being)


大悲

/tä⁵¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵/


坐化

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/t͡sɔː²² faː³³/

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/t͡sɔː²² faː³³/

(Buddhism) to pass away in a sitting posture


結跏趺坐

ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄈㄨ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄈㄨ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

цзецзя фуцзо

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/


結跏趺坐

Sino-Xenic (結跏趺坐):
* → Japanese: 結跏趺坐(けっかふざ) (kekkafuza)
* → Korean: 결가부좌(結跏趺坐) (gyeolgabujwa)

ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄈㄨ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄈㄨ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

цзецзя фуцзо

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/


和尚衫

/he²⁴⁻²² siũ²²⁻²¹ sã⁴⁴/

/hə²⁴⁻²² siũ⁴¹⁻²² sã³³/

/hue¹³⁻²² siɔ̃²²⁻²¹ sã⁴⁴/

/he²⁴⁻²² siũ²²⁻²¹ sã⁴⁴/

/hə²⁴⁻²² siũ⁴¹⁻²² sã³³/

/hue¹³⁻²² siɔ̃²²⁻²¹ sã⁴⁴/

(Southern Min, Buddhism) large collar robe worn by monks


欲界

Sino-Xenic (欲界):
* → Japanese: 欲界(よっかい) (yokkai); 欲界(よくかい) (yokukai)
* → Korean: 욕계(欲界) (yokgye)
* → Vietnamese: dục giới (欲界)

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/jʊk̚² kaːi̯³³/

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/jʊk̚² kaːi̯³³/


色界

Sino-Xenic (色界):
* → Japanese: 色界(しきかい) (shikikai)
* → Korean: 색계(色界) (saekgye)
* → Vietnamese: sắc giới (色界)

/sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sɪk̚⁵ kaːi̯³³/

/sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/sɪk̚⁵ kaːi̯³³/


無色界

Sino-Xenic (無色界):
* → Japanese: 無(む)色(しき)界(かい) (mushikikai)
* → Korean: 무색계(無色界) (musaekgye)
* → Vietnamese: vô sắc giới (無色界)

/u³⁵ sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/mou̯²¹ sɪk̚⁵ kaːi̯³³/

/u³⁵ sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/mou̯²¹ sɪk̚⁵ kaːi̯³³/


空無

/kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ u³⁵/

/kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ u³⁵/

(Buddhism) emptiness and non-existence; unreality or immateriality of things


活佛

/xu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/xu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/


十八羅漢

ㄕˊ ㄅㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄏㄢˋ

ㄕˊ ㄅㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄏㄢˋ

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ pä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ xän⁵¹/

/sɐp̚² paːt̚³ lɔː²¹ hɔːn³³/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ pä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ xän⁵¹/

/sɐp̚² paːt̚³ lɔː²¹ hɔːn³³/

; "(mahjong) winning hand containing four kongs"

(Buddhism) Eighteen Arhats (the original followers of Gautama Buddha in Mahayana Buddhism)


觀音暴

/kʰõ³³ in³³ pɒu̯²¹⁻¹¹/

/kʰõ³³ in³³ pɒu̯²¹⁻¹¹/

(Buddhism, Xiang) wind and rain a few days before the birthday of Guanyin


佛體

/fu³⁵ tʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fu³⁵ tʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Buddhism) the body of the Buddha or of a Buddha statue


彌提

/mi⁵³⁻³³ tʰɛ⁵³/

/mi⁵³⁻³³ tʰɛ⁵³/

(Eastern Min, Buddhism) Maitreya bodhisattva


末學

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/


因陀羅

ㄧㄣ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄧㄣ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

/in⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹/

/in⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹/


花和尚

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵ ʂɑŋ³/

/xua³¹ xo²⁴ ʂã⁴⁴/

/faː⁵⁵ wɔː²¹ sœːŋ²²⁻³⁵/

/fa³³ vᵘɔ²² siaŋ³²⁻³²⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵ ʂɑŋ³/

/xua³¹ xo²⁴ ʂã⁴⁴/

/faː⁵⁵ wɔː²¹ sœːŋ²²⁻³⁵/

/fa³³ vᵘɔ²² siaŋ³²⁻³²⁵/

(Buddhism) monk who does not follow Buddhist commandments


盛者必衰

ㄕㄥˋ ㄓㄜˇ ㄅㄧˋ ㄕㄨㄞ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄓㄜˇ ㄅㄧˋ ㄕㄨㄞ

шэнчжэбишуай

šɛnčžɛbišuaj

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi⁵¹ ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²² t͡sɛː³⁵ piːt̚⁵ sɵy̯⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pi⁵¹ ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ²² t͡sɛː³⁵ piːt̚⁵ sɵy̯⁵⁵/

Everything prosperous will eventually decline. Everything full will eventually become empty.

盛者必衰，實者必虛。

盛者必衰，实者必虚。

(Buddhism) Everything prosperous will eventually decline.


坐堂

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/


打鬼

/tä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taː³⁵ kʷɐi̯³⁵/

/tä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taː³⁵ kʷɐi̯³⁵/

(Tibetan Buddhism) to perform the cham dance for the expulsion of ghosts


辯經

/pi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/piːn²² kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/pi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/piːn²² kɪŋ⁵⁵/

(Tibetan Buddhism) to debate Buddhist scriptures


佛光

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fɐt̚² kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fɐt̚² kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

the Buddha's Light Brighteneth Everything

佛光普照

(Buddhism) the light of the Buddha; spiritual enlightenment


具足

Sino-Xenic (具足):
* → Japanese: 具(ぐ)足(そく) (gusoku)
* → Korean: 구족(具足) (gujok)

/t͡ɕy⁵¹ t͡su³⁵/

/t͡ɕy⁵¹ t͡su³⁵/

(Buddhism) accomplished; complete; successful


叫喚地獄

ja-r

きょう%かん% じ%ごく

CJKV/code

きょう%かん% じ%ごく

Sino-Xenic (叫喚地獄):
* → Japanese: 叫(きょう)喚(かん)地(じ)獄(ごく) (kyōkan jigoku)
* → Korean: 규환지옥(叫喚地獄) (gyuhwanjiok)

CJKV

きょう%かん% じ%ごく

ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄏㄨㄢˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ

ㄐㄧㄠˋ ㄏㄨㄢˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄩˋ

цзяохуань диюй

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/


勸世文

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ wən³⁵/

/hyːn³³ sɐi̯³³ mɐn²¹/

/kʰuoŋ²¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nie²¹³⁻⁵⁵ uŋ⁵³/

/kʰuan²¹⁻⁵³ se²¹⁻⁵³ bun²⁴/

/kʰuan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bun²⁴/

/kʰuan²¹⁻⁵³ se²¹⁻⁵³ bun¹³/

/kʰuan¹¹⁻⁵³ se¹¹⁻⁵³ bun²⁴/

/kʰuan²¹⁻⁴¹ se²¹⁻⁴¹ bun²³/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ wən³⁵/

/hyːn³³ sɐi̯³³ mɐn²¹/

/kʰuoŋ²¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nie²¹³⁻⁵⁵ uŋ⁵³/

/kʰuan²¹⁻⁵³ se²¹⁻⁵³ bun²⁴/

/kʰuan⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bun²⁴/

/kʰuan²¹⁻⁵³ se²¹⁻⁵³ bun¹³/

/kʰuan¹¹⁻⁵³ se¹¹⁻⁵³ bun²⁴/

/kʰuan²¹⁻⁴¹ se²¹⁻⁴¹ bun²³/

(chiefly Buddhism) admonitions for the age; moral essay


戒尺

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕiɛi²¹³ t͡sʰz̩²¹/

/t͡ɕie⁴⁴⁻⁴² ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩ʔ⁵/

/kai³² t͡sʰø²⁴/

/kiaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰak̚¹/

/kai²¹³⁻⁵³ t͡sʰuɔʔ²⁴/

/ka³³ t͡sʰaʔ⁴⁴/

/kɑ⁵² t͡sʰɑʔ³³/

/kɑ⁴² t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/

/t͡ɕiɛ³⁴ t͡sʰəʔ⁵³/

/kai̯⁴⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/

/kai̯⁴⁵ t͡sʰz̩²⁴/

/ka̠³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɔ¹³⁻³³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕiɛi²¹³ t͡sʰz̩²¹/

/t͡ɕie⁴⁴⁻⁴² ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩ʔ⁵/

/kai³² t͡sʰø²⁴/

/kiaɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰak̚¹/

/kai²¹³⁻⁵³ t͡sʰuɔʔ²⁴/

/ka³³ t͡sʰaʔ⁴⁴/

/kɑ⁵² t͡sʰɑʔ³³/

/kɑ⁴² t͡sʰɑʔ⁵/

/t͡ɕiɛ³⁴ t͡sʰəʔ⁵³/

/kai̯⁴⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩²⁴/

/kai̯⁴⁵ t͡sʰz̩²⁴/

/ka̠³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɔ¹³⁻³³/


花月

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/ɸa̠³³ y̯e̞²⁴/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/ɸa̠³³ y̯e̞²⁴/


首陀羅

ㄕㄡˇ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄕㄡˇ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

(Hinduism, Buddhism) Shudra (one of the four castes of the varna system)


吠舍

/feɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤ⁵¹/

/feɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤ⁵¹/

(Buddhism, Hinduism) Vaishya (one of the four castes of the varna system)


心法

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (心法):
* → Japanese: 心法(しんぼう) (shinbō); 心法(しんぽう) (shinpō)

/ɕin⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕin⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Buddhism) "dharma of mind"; one of the five groups of dharmas used in the Abhidharmakośa-bhāsya system.


閻流王

/jiːm²¹ lɐu̯²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

/jiːm²¹ lɐu̯²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

(Cantonese, Buddhism, Chinese mythology) Yama


閻君

/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/jiːm²¹ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/ŋiɛŋ¹³⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁵³³/

/ŋiɛŋ²⁴⁻²¹ koŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/ŋe̞ŋ¹³⁻¹¹ koŋ⁵³³/

ngieng² guong¹ [Phonetic:ngieng⁵ guong¹]

/ŋiɛŋ²⁴⁻²¹ kuoŋ⁵⁴⁴/

ngieng² guerng¹ [Phonetic:ngieng⁵ guerng¹]

/ŋieŋ²⁴⁻²¹ kɯəŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻¹¹ kun⁴⁴/

/ɡiam²³⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/jiːm²¹ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/ŋiɛŋ¹³⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁵³³/

/ŋiɛŋ²⁴⁻²¹ koŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/ŋe̞ŋ¹³⁻¹¹ koŋ⁵³³/

/ŋiɛŋ²⁴⁻²¹ kuoŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/ŋieŋ²⁴⁻²¹ kɯəŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/ɡiam²⁴⁻¹¹ kun⁴⁴/

/ɡiam²³⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

(Buddhism, Chinese mythology) Synonym of 閻羅 /阎罗 (Yánluó, “Yama (god of the underworld)”)


哲布尊丹巴

ㄓㄜˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄗㄨㄣ ㄉㄢ ㄅㄚ

ㄓㄜˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄗㄨㄣ ㄉㄢ ㄅㄚ

чжэбуцзуньданьба

/ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵ pu⁵¹ t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵ pu⁵¹ t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

Short for 哲布尊丹巴呼圖克圖／哲布尊丹巴呼图克图 (zhébùzūndānbā hūtúkètú, “Jebtsundamba Khutuktu”).

zh-etym-short

(Tibetan Buddhism) Jebtsundamba Khutuktu


哲布尊丹巴呼圖克圖

ㄓㄜˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄗㄨㄣ ㄉㄢ ㄅㄚ ㄏㄨ ㄊㄨˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄊㄨˊ

ㄓㄜˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄗㄨㄣ ㄉㄢ ㄅㄚ ㄏㄨ ㄊㄨˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄊㄨˊ

чжэбуцзуньданьба хутукэту

/ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵ pu⁵¹ t͡su̯ən⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ xu⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ tʰu³⁵/


章嘉

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

Short for 章嘉呼圖克圖／章嘉呼图克图 (zhāngjiā hūtúkètú, “Changkya Khutukhtu”).


章嘉呼圖克圖

ㄓㄤ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄏㄨ ㄊㄨˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄊㄨˊ

ㄓㄤ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄏㄨ ㄊㄨˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄊㄨˊ

чжанцзя хутукэту

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ xu⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ tʰu³⁵/


佛滅

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (佛滅):
* → Japanese: 仏(ぶつ)滅(めつ) (butsumetsu)
* → Korean: 불멸(佛滅) (bulmyeol)

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ mi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/fu̯ɔ³⁵ mi̯ɛ⁵¹/