乸

Probably a dialectal form of 女 (OC *naʔ, “woman; female”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Alternatively, Li (1990) proposed that this may be a Tai substrate loan, related to Zhuang nax (“younger maternal uncle or aunt”), Thai น้า (náa) (which go back to Proto-Tai *naːꟲ (“mother's younger sibling”)).

cog

(Cantonese, figuratively, of instruments, tools, or connectors) female


公

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (公):
* → Japanese: 公(こう) (kō, “duke”)
* → Korean: 공(公) (gong, “duke”)
* → Vietnamese: công (公, “duke”)

→ Mongolian: гүн (gün)

→ Manchu: ᡤᡠᠩ (gung)

→ Thai: กง (gong, “grandfather”) (said by Chinese race)

Sino-Tibetan Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus

The traditional interpretation as given by Han Feizi is that 公 is a compound of 八 (= 背 (“to deviate; opposite”)) and 厶 (original form of 私 (“individual; private”)), i.e. the opposite of “private” — “public”. This theory is supported by Sun Yirang and Qiang Kaiyun, despite the somewhat different shape of the bottom component from 厶.
This is disputed in modern times by Gao Hongjin, who thinks that the 八 on top stands for 分 (“to divide; to distribute”) and the bottom round component 口 symbolises a generic object. 公 thus represents “equally dividing resources so that they are communal”.
Another theory put forth by Zhu Fangpu is that 公 is a pictogram (象形), being the original form of 瓮 (OC *qloːŋs, “a wide-mouthed round-bottomed jar”), and later borrowed for the meanings of “public” and “male of older generation or higher rank”.
; "fair; impartial; public"
; "male of older generation or higher rank; duke; male (of animals)"
: STEDT provisionally sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kaŋ (“father; grandfather; honorific”), also comparing it to 翁; compare Drung kangkang (“grandpa”), vkang (“(my/our) grandfather”), Burmese ခင် (hkang), as in မိခင် (mi.hkang, “mother”), ဖခင် (hpa.hkang, “father”). Alternatively, STEDT also compares it with Proto-Sino-Tibetan *gaŋ (“penis; male”), whence 雄 (OC *ɡʷɯŋ, “male”), but considers it less probable.
: Schuessler (2007) suggests a Mon-Khmer origin; compare Khmer ឡូញ (louñ, “title of an unidentified rank or function”) and Old Khmer khloñ (“head, chief”) (whence ខ្លោង (khlaong)). Compare also Thai ลุง (lung), from Proto-Tai *luŋᴬ (“parent's older brother”), which may also be from Mon-Khmer. Tibetan ཁོང (khong) ~ གོང (gong, “final syllable in dignitaries' name”) may be borrowed from Chinese.

cog

(figuratively, of instruments, tools, or connectors) male


母

Sino-Xenic (母):
* → Vietnamese: mẫu (母)

Differentiated form of 女 with the addition of distinguishing dots. In the early oracle bone texts both words 女 (OC *naʔ, *nas, “woman”) and 母 were written as 女 (Yao, 1989, Liu, 2011, Huang, 2014). Part of this character appears in 乳.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *məʔ (“mother”).

(figuratively, of instruments, tools, or connectors) female


矢

Pictogram (象形) – an arrow. More recognizable in older forms. Compare 畀 and 至. See also the bottom component of 睪 and the original versions of 弗 and 𢦏.
; arrow
; to swear, to vow

The way to Zhou was like a whetstone,
And straight as an arrow.

The Classic of Poetry, c. 11ᵗʰ – 7ᵗʰ centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

周道如砥，其直如矢。


箭

→ Vietnamese: tên

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ʔslens): semantic 竹 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 前 (OC *zleːn).

Han compound

(archery, weaponry) arrow (Classifier: 支 m c mn)


雷

Ancient simplification of 靁, which was a phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ruːl): semantic 雨 (“rain”) + phonetic 畾 (OC *ruːl).
The Northern Min initial s- may be due to the loss of a pre-initial which might have been a velar considering dialect forms in Henan, Hebei and Shanxi, e.g. Taiyuan Jin 忽雷 (hueh4 lui1) (Schuessler, 2007).
Perhaps from Sino-Tibetan. Compare Mizo râwl (“voice; cry (of an animal); sound”), Tibetan ཁྲོལ (khrol).
* (spoiler): Clipping of 捏他八雷 (niētābāléi), from Japanese ネタバレ (netabare).
* (loyalty): by homophony of 二 (ji⁶, “two”) and 義 /义 (ji⁶, “spirit of loyalty”).
* (to lay off): from Phono-semantic matching of English lay off.

psm

畾
𡈶
𩇓
𤴐
𩂩
𤳳
䨓
𩄣
靁
㗊
𤴑

魚雷／鱼雷

手雷

雷區／雷区 ― léiqū ― minefield

排雷 ― páiléi ― to demine

(military, weaponry, in compounds) explosive device; mine

雲

basic weather words shared by most dialects


左輪

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵/

/t͡sɔː³⁵ lɵn²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²⁴/

/t͡so⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lun²⁴/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun¹³/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²⁴/

/t͡sɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lun²³/

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵/

/t͡sɔː³⁵ lɵn²¹⁻³⁵/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²⁴/

/t͡so⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lun²⁴/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun¹³/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lun²⁴/

/t͡sɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lun²³/

(firearms) short for 左輪手槍／左轮手枪 (zuǒ lún shǒuqiāng, “revolver”)


短刀

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (短刀):
* → Japanese: 短刀(たんとう) (tantō)
* → Korean: 단도(短刀) (dando)
* → Vietnamese: đoản đao (短刀)

/tu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/te⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁴⁴/

/te⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ to³³/

/te⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁴⁴/

/te⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁴⁴/

/te⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ⁴⁴/

/tu̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/te⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁴⁴/

/te⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ to³³/

/te⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁴⁴/

/te⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁴⁴/

/te⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ⁴⁴/

(weaponry) short knife; short sword; dagger


火器

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/

/fɔː³⁵ hei̯³³/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹/

/fɔː³⁵ hei̯³³/


手槍

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐu̯³⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiu⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰĩõ³³/

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐu̯³⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiu⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sʰĩõ³³/


直刀

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵⁵/


巴祖卡

/pä⁵⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sou̯³⁵ kʰaː⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sou̯³⁵ kʰaː⁵⁵/


彈頭

/tän⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/tän⁵¹ tʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/taːn²²⁻³⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/tän⁵¹ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/tän⁵¹ tʰɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/taːn²²⁻³⁵ tʰɐu̯²¹/

(weaponry) payload of a projectile fired from a weapon (the part of a projectile that is not concerned with propulsion or guidance)


蒺藜

/t͡ɕi³⁵ li³⁵/

/t͡sɐt̚² lɐi̯²¹/

/t͡siɪk̚⁴⁻³² le²⁴/

/t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² le²⁴/

/t͡siɪk̚²⁴⁻² le²⁴/

/t͡sit̚²⁴⁻² le²⁴/

/t͡siɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ le¹³/

/t͡sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ le¹³/

/t͡siɪk̚⁴⁻³² le²⁴/

/t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² le²⁴/

/t͡siɪk̚⁴⁻³² le²³/

/t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² le²³/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ li³⁵/

/t͡sɐt̚² lɐi̯²¹/

/t͡siɪk̚⁴⁻³² le²⁴/

/t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² le²⁴/

/t͡siɪk̚²⁴⁻² le²⁴/

/t͡sit̚²⁴⁻² le²⁴/

/t͡siɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ le¹³/

/t͡sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ le¹³/

/t͡siɪk̚⁴⁻³² le²⁴/

/t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² le²⁴/

/t͡siɪk̚⁴⁻³² le²³/

/t͡sit̚⁴⁻³² le²³/


箭矢

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡siːn³³ t͡sʰiː³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡siːn³³ t͡sʰiː³⁵/


電磁脈衝

ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄘˊ ㄇㄞˋ ㄔㄨㄥ

ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄘˊ ㄇㄞˋ ㄔㄨㄥ

дяньцы майчун

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵ maɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tiːn²² t͡sʰiː²¹ mɐk̚² t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ti̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵ maɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tiːn²² t͡sʰiː²¹ mɐk̚² t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

electromagnetic pulse
electromagnetic pulse


左輪手槍

ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄕㄡˇ ㄑㄧㄤ

ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄕㄡˇ ㄑㄧㄤ

цзо лунь шоуцян

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ən³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɔː³⁵ lɵn²¹ sɐu̯³⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɔː³⁵ lɵn²¹ sɐu̯³⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

From the fact that the cylinder is usually designed to swing out to the left, as most people are right-handed and use the left hand to load the cylinder.


手銃

/su³¹ t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ¹¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/

/su³¹ t͡sʰuŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ¹¹/

/t͡sʰiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰiɪŋ²¹/


金手指

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐm⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

ging¹ ciu³ zai³ [Phonetic:ging⁵ niu⁵ lai³]

/kiŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))niu⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ ^((t͡s-))lai⁴⁵³/

ging¹ ciu³ zai³ [Phonetic:ging⁵ niu⁵ nai³]

/kiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))niu³³²⁻²¹ ^((t͡s-))nai³³²/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁴¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐm⁵⁵ sɐu̯³⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁴¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sʰiu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡si⁵³/

itchy trigger finger
itchy trigger finger

(firearms, slang) itchy trigger finger; the unsafe practice of holding a firearm's trigger while not expecting to shoot


燧發

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ fä⁵⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵¹ fä⁵⁵/

(attributive, firearms) using or related to the flintlock mechanism


皮卡汀尼導軌

ㄆㄧˊ ㄎㄚˇ ㄊㄧㄥ ㄋㄧˊ ㄉㄠˇ ㄍㄨㄟˇ

ㄆㄧˊ ㄎㄚˇ ㄊㄧㄥ ㄋㄧˊ ㄉㄠˇ ㄍㄨㄟˇ

Пикатинни даогуй

/pʰi³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰiŋ⁵⁵ ni³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Partial calque of English Picatinny rail.


擊針

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

/kɪk̚⁵ t͡sɐm⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

/kɪk̚⁵ t͡sɐm⁵⁵/


彈巢

/tän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/taːn²² t͡sʰaːu̯²¹/

/tän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/taːn²² t͡sʰaːu̯²¹/

(firearms) cylinder (part of revolver that contains chambers for the cartridges)


箭支

/t͡siŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋi⁵³³/

/t͡siŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋi⁵⁴⁴/

/t͡siŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋi⁵³³/

/t͡siŋ⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋi⁵⁴⁴/