馬來亞

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹ aː³³/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lai²³⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹ aː³³/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lai²³⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴/

(historical) Malaya (a peninsula and geographic region of Southeast Asia constituting the southern part of the Malay Peninsula and several nearby islands, currently forming the western part of Malaysia; now known as West Malaysia or Peninsular Malaysia)

(historical) Malaya (a group of former British colonies and protectorates in Southeast Asia, existing on the southern part of the Malay Peninsula from 1826 to 1957, excepting the period of Japanese occupation during World War II; in full, British Malaya)

Federation of Malaya
Federation of Malaya#English

(historical) Malaya (a former colony and later a former independent country in Southeast Asia, existing on the southern part of the Malay Peninsula from 1948 to 1963; independent from 1957 and merged in 1963 with the territories of East Malaysia, forming modern Malaysia; in full, Federation of Malaya)

(dialectal) Malaysia (a country in Asia)


汶萊

/wən⁵¹ laɪ̯³⁵/

/wən³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/mɐn²² lɔːi̯²¹/

/mɐn²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/

/wən⁵¹ laɪ̯³⁵/

/wən³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/mɐn²² lɔːi̯²¹/

/mɐn²¹ lɔːi̯²¹/

From Malay Brunei, borrowed through Hokkien (where 汶 is pronounced with a b- initial).

(chiefly Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Malaysia, Brunei) Brunei (a country in Southeast Asia)


霓虹

/ni³⁵ xʊŋ³⁵/

/ni³⁵ xʊŋ³⁵/

Phono-semantic matching from Japanese 日(に)本(ほん) (Nihon).


感恩節

/kän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀən⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/kɐm³⁵ jɐn⁵⁵ t͡siːt̚³/

/kam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ un⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɛt̚³²/

/kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ un⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɛt̚³²/

/kam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ un⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡seʔ³²/

/kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ un⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sueʔ³²/

/kän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀən⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/kɐm³⁵ jɐn⁵⁵ t͡siːt̚³/

/kam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ un⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɛt̚³²/

/kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ un⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɛt̚³²/

/kam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ un⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡seʔ³²/

/kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ un⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sueʔ³²/


前蘇聯

ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄙㄨ ㄌㄧㄢˊ

ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄙㄨ ㄌㄧㄢˊ

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ su⁵⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ su⁵⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵/


老撾人民民主共和國

ㄌㄠˇ ㄨㄛ ㄖㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄓㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

lou⁵ wo¹ jan⁴ man⁴ man⁴ zyu² gung⁶ wo⁴ gwok³

ㄌㄠˇ ㄨㄛ ㄖㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄓㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Lao³-wo¹ Jên²-min² Min²-chu³ Kung⁴-ho²-kuo²

Лаово Жэньминь Миньчжу Гунхэго

/lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ wɔ⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵ min³⁵ min³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

lóuh wō yàhn màhn màhn jyú guhng wòh gwok

lou⁵ wo¹ jan⁴ man⁴ man⁴ dzy² gung⁶ wo⁴ gwok⁸

lou⁵ wo¹ yen⁴ men⁴ men⁴ ju² gung⁶ wo⁴ guog³

/lou̯¹³ wɔː⁵⁵ jɐn²¹ mɐn²¹ mɐn²¹ t͡syː³⁵ kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

Lao People's Democratic Republic#English:_Q819

Lao People's Democratic Republic (official name of Laos: a country in Southeast Asia)


越南社會主義共和國

ㄩㄝˋ ㄋㄢˊ ㄕㄜˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

jyut⁶ naam⁴ se⁵ wui⁶⁻² zyu² ji⁶ gung⁶ wo⁴ gwok³

ㄩㄝˋ ㄋㄢˊ ㄕㄜˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Yüeh⁴-nan² Shê⁴-hui⁴ Chu³-i⁴ Kung⁴-ho²-kuo²

Юэнань Шэхуэй Чжуи Гунхэго

/ɥɛ⁵¹ nän³⁵ ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

yuht nàahm séh wúi jyú yih guhng wòh gwok

jyt⁹ naam⁴ se⁵ wui⁶⁻² dzy² ji⁶ gung⁶ wo⁴ gwok⁸

yud⁶ nam⁴ sé⁵ wui⁶⁻² ju² yi⁶ gung⁶ wo⁴ guog³

/jyːt̚² naːm²¹ sɛː¹³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵ t͡syː³⁵ jiː²² kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

Socialist Republic of Vietnam#English:_Q881

Socialist Republic of Vietnam (official name of Vietnam: a country in Southeast Asia)


角田

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 角田 (Kakuda).

obor

(～市) Kakuda (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


飯塚

/fän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Iizuka (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


安部

/ˀän⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

/ˀän⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 安部.

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 安部, Abe; or of 安部, Anbe


安達

/ˀän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

/ˀän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

(～市) Anda (a city in Heilongjiang, China)


基地組織

ㄐㄧ ㄉㄧˋ ㄗㄨˇ ㄓ

ㄐㄧ ㄉㄧˋ ㄗㄨˇ ㄓ

ㄐㄧ ㄉㄧˋ ㄗㄨˇ ˙ㄓ

Цзиди Цзучжи

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ t͡su²¹⁴ ɖ͡ʐ̥ʐ̩⁴/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ t͡su²¹⁴ ɖ͡ʐ̥ʐ̩⁴/


單孔目

/tän⁵⁵ kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

/taːn⁵⁵ hʊŋ³⁵ mʊk̚²/

/tän⁵⁵ kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

/taːn⁵⁵ hʊŋ³⁵ mʊk̚²/


胡人

/xu³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/wuː²¹ jɐn²¹/

/xu³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/wuː²¹ jɐn²¹/

The Hu people raided the districts belonging to the Loufan (dependencies) of Yan and captured their cattle and horses.

Zhanguo Ce, circa 5ᵗʰ – 3ʳᵈ centuries BCE

Húrén xí Yān Lóufán shù xiàn, qǔ qí niúmǎ.

胡人襲燕樓煩數縣，取其牛馬。

胡人袭燕楼烦数县，取其牛马。

(historical) the Northern and Western barbarian tribes of Ancient China

Simo was a relative of Xieli. Shibi and Chuluo considered his countenance to resemble Sogdiansʼ, not typical of Turks. They suspected that he was not one of Ashina kin.

Sīmó zhě, Xiélì zúrén yě. ShǐBì, Chùluó yǐ qí mào sì Húrén, bù lèi Tūjué, yí fēi Āshǐnà zú lèi.

思摩者，頡利族人也。始畢、處羅以其貌似胡人，不類突厥，疑非阿史那族類。

思摩者，颉利族人也。始毕、处罗以其貌似胡人，不类突厥，疑非阿史那族类。


胡母

/xu³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


大竹

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʊk̚⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʊk̚⁵/

(～縣) Dazhu (a county of Dazhou, Sichuan, China)

(～村) Dazhu (a village in Xinshi, Jingshan, Jingmen, Hubei, China)


大竹

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大竹 (Ōtake).

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʊk̚⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sʊk̚⁵/

(～市) Ōtake (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


金華

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ waː²¹/

/kiŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ɦo²¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ waː²¹/

/kiŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ɦo²¹/

(～市) Jinhua (a prefecture-level city of Zhejiang, China)


安卓

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːk̚³/

/aŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ tɒʔ²¹/

/aŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ tɒʔ²/

/aŋ³³⁻²³ toʔ²/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːk̚³/

/aŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ tɒʔ²¹/

/aŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ tɒʔ²/

/aŋ³³⁻²³ toʔ²/

(computing, mobile telephony) unofficial Chinese name for Android (mobile operating system)


涼水

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lœːŋ²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/liaŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵³/

/liaŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/liaŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sui⁵³/

/liaŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sui⁵³/

/liaŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sui⁴¹/

/li̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lœːŋ²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/liaŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵³/

/liaŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/liaŋ¹³⁻²² t͡sui⁵³/

/liaŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sui⁵³/

/liaŋ²³⁻³³ t͡sui⁴¹/

(～村) Liangshui (a village in Wudian, Zaoyang, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)


孫子

/su̯ən⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/su̯ən⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Sun Tzu (military general, strategist and philosopher of the Spring and Autumn period, 544–496 BCE)

Sunzi, author of the mathematical treatise Sunzi Suanjing


下田

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/haː²² tʰiːn²¹/

/ɦo²³¹ dɪ²²³/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/haː²² tʰiːn²¹/

/ɦo²³¹ dɪ²²³/

(～市) Shimoda (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


元治

/ɥɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ɡuan²³⁻³³ ti³³/

/ɡuan¹³⁻²² ti²²/

/ɡuan²⁴⁻¹¹ ti³³/

/ɡuan²⁴⁻²² ti²²/

/ɡuan²⁴⁻²² ti²²/

/ɥɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ɡuan²³⁻³³ ti³³/

/ɡuan¹³⁻²² ti²²/

/ɡuan²⁴⁻¹¹ ti³³/

/ɡuan²⁴⁻²² ti²²/

/ɡuan²⁴⁻²² ti²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 元治 (Genji).


東突

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tɐt̚²/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tɐt̚²/

zh-l

東突厥斯坦／东突厥斯坦 (Dōng Tūjuésītǎn)

「東突」分裂分子

「东突」分裂分子


石山

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² saːn⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² saːn⁵⁵/

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 石山, Ishiyama


武井

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 武井, Takei


池上

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ sœːŋ²²/

/t͡sʰɨ¹¹ soŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ʃʰi⁵⁵ ʃoŋ³³/

/ti²⁴⁻²² siɔŋ²²/

/ti²⁴⁻¹¹ siɔŋ³³/

/ti²³⁻³³ siɔŋ³³/

/ti²⁴⁻²² siɔŋ⁴¹/

/ti¹³⁻²² siaŋ²²/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ sœːŋ²²/

/t͡sʰɨ¹¹ soŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ʃʰi⁵⁵ ʃoŋ³³/

/ti²⁴⁻²² siɔŋ²²/

/ti²⁴⁻¹¹ siɔŋ³³/

/ti²³⁻³³ siɔŋ³³/

/ti²⁴⁻²² siɔŋ⁴¹/

/ti¹³⁻²² siaŋ²²/

(～鄉) Chishang (a rural township in Taitung County, Taiwan)


大崎

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大崎 (Ōsaki).

obor

(～市) Ōsaki (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


突厥斯坦

ㄊㄨ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄊㄨˊ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

туцзюэсытань

/tʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰu³⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɐt̚² kʰyːt̚³ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/

/tʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰu³⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɐt̚² kʰyːt̚³ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/

(historical) Turkestan (a historic region of Asia)

Turkestan (a city in Turkistan, Kazakhstan)


東突厥斯坦

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄊㄨ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄊㄨˊ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

Дун Туцзюэсытань

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu³⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tɐt̚² kʰyːt̚³ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tɐt̚² kʰyːt̚³ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/

East Turkestan
East Turkestan#English:_Q840601

East Turkestan (a geographic region in northwestern China; in modern usage, a synonym of Xinjiang used by the East Turkestan independence movement)


維吾爾

/weɪ̯³⁵ u³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯²¹ ŋ̍²¹ jiː¹³/

/ui²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻²² nĩ⁵⁵⁴/

/ui²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻²² nĩ⁵³/

/ui¹³⁻²² ŋɔ̃¹³⁻²² d͡zĩ⁵³/

/vi²² ŋu⁵⁵ ɦəl²¹/

/weɪ̯³⁵ u³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯²¹ ŋ̍²¹ jiː¹³/

/ui²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻²² nĩ⁵⁵⁴/

/ui²⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻²² nĩ⁵³/

/ui¹³⁻²² ŋɔ̃¹³⁻²² d͡zĩ⁵³/

/vi²² ŋu⁵⁵ ɦəl²¹/

From Uyghur ئۇيغۇر (uyghur). Doublet of 回紇 /回纥 (Huíhé), 回鶻 /回鹘 (Huíhú), 畏兀兒 /畏兀儿 (Wèiwù'ér), and 裕固 (yùgù).


垃圾桶

ㄌㄜˋ ㄙㄜˋ ㄊㄨㄥˇ

/lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sɤ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/laːp̚² saːp̚³ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/la(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² sap̚³²⁻⁴ tʰaŋ⁴²/

/naʔ²⁻⁴ sap̚²⁻⁴ tʰaŋ⁵²/

/la³³⁻²³ kʰip̚²⁻⁴ tʰaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/

/lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sɤ⁵¹ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/laːp̚² saːp̚³ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/la(ʔ)³²⁻⁴² sap̚³²⁻⁴ tʰaŋ⁴²/

/naʔ²⁻⁴ sap̚²⁻⁴ tʰaŋ⁵²/

/la³³⁻²³ kʰip̚²⁻⁴ tʰaŋ⁵²⁻²¹/


北島

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

North Island (one of the two major islands of New Zealand)


北島

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 北島(きたじま) (Kitajima).

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 北島, Kitajima


高梨

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li³⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ li³⁵/

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 高梨, Takanashi


越中

/ɥɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

Etchū (a historical province of Japan, roughly corresponding to present-day Toyama Prefecture)


越前

/ɥɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 越前 (Echizen).

obor

(～市) Echizen (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


能登

/nɤŋ³⁵ tɤŋ⁵⁵/

/nɐŋ²¹ tɐŋ⁵⁵/

/nɤŋ³⁵ tɤŋ⁵⁵/

/nɐŋ²¹ tɐŋ⁵⁵/

(～半島) Noto (a peninsula in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)

Noto (a town in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


長門

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ mən³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ mən³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 長門 (Nagato).

(～市) Nagato (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 長門, Nagato


阿波

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 阿波 (Awa).

(～市) Awa (a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan)


紅線

/xʊŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/hʊŋ²¹ siːn³³/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ suã²¹/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ suã¹¹/

/aŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sũã²¹³/

/xʊŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/hʊŋ²¹ siːn³³/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ suã²¹/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ suã¹¹/

/aŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sũã²¹³/

Hong Xian, the protagonist in the Tang dynasty tale The Story of Hong Xian


可蘭經

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔː³⁵ laːn²¹ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lan²³⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lan²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔː³⁵ laːn²¹ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lan²³⁻³³ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lan²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɪŋ⁴⁴/

Borrowed from Arabic الْقُرْآن (al-qurʔān) + 經／经 (jīng, “scripture”).

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)


古蘭

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

/ku²⁴ læ̃²⁴/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

/ku²⁴ læ̃²⁴/

Borrowed from Arabic الْقُرْآن (al-qurʔān).


可蘭

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

/hɔː³⁵ laːn²¹/

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵/

/hɔː³⁵ laːn²¹/


筑後

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹⁻⁵³ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

(～市) Chikugo (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


出雲

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ yn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵ yn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 出雲 (Izumo).

(～市) Izumo (a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan)

(～國) Izumo Province, a former province in Japan, generally equivalent the east part of Shimane Prefecture


備前

/peɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 備前 (Bizen).

(～市) Bizen (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


美作

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 美作 (Mimasaka).

(～市) Mimasaka (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


志摩

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 志摩 (Shima).

(～市) Shima (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


伊豆

/i⁵⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹/

/jiː⁵⁵ tɐu̯²²/

/i⁵⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹/

/jiː⁵⁵ tɐu̯²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊豆 (Izu).

(～市) Izu (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


下野

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 下野 (Shimotsuke).

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː²² jɛː¹³/

/ha²²⁻²¹ ia⁵³/

/ha³³⁻²¹ ia⁴¹/

/ha³³⁻¹¹ ia⁵³/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ ia⁵³/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː²² jɛː¹³/

/ha²²⁻²¹ ia⁵³/

/ha³³⁻²¹ ia⁴¹/

/ha³³⁻¹¹ ia⁵³/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ ia⁵³/

(～市) Shimotsuke (a city in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan)


磐城

/pʰän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/pʰän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 磐城 (Iwaki).

(～市) Iwaki (a city in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


板鴨

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/

/paːn³⁵ aːp̚³⁻³⁵/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵⁵/

/paːn³⁵ aːp̚³⁻³⁵/

(Mainland China, slang, neologism) Spain (a country)


中華臺北

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄊㄞˊ ㄅㄟˇ

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄊㄞˊ ㄅㄟˇ

Чжунхуа Тайбэй

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹ tʰɔːi̯²¹ pɐk̚⁵/

/tyŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵³ tai⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βɔyʔ²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²⁴⁻²² tai²⁴⁻²² pak̚³²/

/tiɔŋ³³ hua²⁴⁻²² tai²⁴⁻²² pak̚⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua¹³⁻²² tai¹³⁻²² pak̚³²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²⁴⁻¹¹ tai²⁴⁻¹¹ pak̚³²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²³⁻³³ tai²³⁻³³ pak̚³²/

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ ɦo³³ de²² poʔ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹ tʰɔːi̯²¹ pɐk̚⁵/

/tyŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua⁵³ tai⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βɔyʔ²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²⁴⁻²² tai²⁴⁻²² pak̚³²/

/tiɔŋ³³ hua²⁴⁻²² tai²⁴⁻²² pak̚⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua¹³⁻²² tai¹³⁻²² pak̚³²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²⁴⁻¹¹ tai²⁴⁻¹¹ pak̚³²/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²³⁻³³ tai²³⁻³³ pak̚³²/

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ ɦo³³ de²² poʔ⁴⁴/

Àolínpǐkè Yùndònghuì Zhōnghuá Táiběi Dàibiǎotuán

奧林匹克運動會中華臺北代表團

奥林匹克运动会中华台北代表团

Chinese Taipei (name under which the ROC participates in international organisations)


馬鞍

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/ma²⁴⁻¹¹ on²⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ uã³³/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ an⁴⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ an⁴⁴/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/ma²⁴⁻¹¹ on²⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴/

/be⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ uã³³/

/bɛ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ uã⁴⁴/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ an⁴⁴/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ an⁴⁴/

(～鎮) (historical) Ma'an (a town in Yunxi, Shiyan, Hubei, China)

(～鄉) Ma'an (a township in Hanchuan, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)

(～村) Ma'an (a village in Wanquan, Honghu, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)


昌原

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/


城南

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ nän³⁵/

(～街道) Chengnan (a subdistrict of Jingzhou district, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)

(～村) Chengnan (a village in Tancheng, Pingtan, Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


京畿道

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kei̯⁵⁵ tou̯²²/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kei̯⁵⁵ tou̯²²/


江原道

Цзянъюань Дао

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²¹ tou̯²²/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²¹ tou̯²²/

Gangwon Province
w:Gangwon Province, South Korea

Gangwon Province (a province of South Korea)

Kangwon Province
w:Kangwon Province (North Korea)

Kangwon Province (a province of North Korea)


全羅北道

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄉㄠˋ

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄉㄠˋ

Цюаньлобэйдао

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/


全羅南道

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄢˊ ㄉㄠˋ

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄢˊ ㄉㄠˋ

Цюаньлонаньдао

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ nän³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ nän³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/


濟州道

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Jeju Province (officially the Jeju Special Autonomous Province), South Korea


濟州島

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/


粵東

/ɥɛ⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/uak̚⁴⁻² taŋ³³/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/uak̚⁴⁻² taŋ³³/

粵東僑鄉

粤东侨乡

eastern Guangdong dialects of Southern Min

粵東閩南語

粤东闽南语

eastern Guangdong edition of Ram City Evening News

《羊城晚報》粵東版

《羊城晚报》粤东版

eastern Guangdong (a region of Guangdong, China), equivalent to the prefecture-level cities of Chaozhou, Shantou, Jieyang, Shanwei, and Meizhou

1848, 徐繼畬 [Xu Jiyu], editor, 瀛寰志略, volume 5, page 3:

Austria is a great nation in Europe. When its merchant ships first arrived in Guangdong, they flew flags with a double eagle depicted on them. They were thus mistakenly called the "Double Eagle Country."

Àodìlìyà, Ōuluóbā dàguó yě. Qí shāngchuán chū dǐ Yuèdōng shí, qí huà shuāng yīng, suì é chēngwéi Shuāngyīngguó.

𡒃地利亞，歐羅巴大國也。其商船初抵粵東時，旗畫雙鷹，遂訛稱為雙鷹國。

奥地利亚，欧罗巴大国也。其商船初抵粤东时，旗画双鹰，遂讹称为双鹰国。

1917, “方言類”, in 徐珂, editor, 清稗類鈔, volume 16, 商務印書館, page 29:

Rán Yuèdōng jùchǎng shuōbái, yì duō zuò Guì yǔ, ér xué Guì yǔ zhě, yòu bùnéng dé qí shénsì, suì jiē chéng yōulíng zhī kǒuwěn.

然粵東劇場說白，亦多作桂語，而學桂語者，又不能得其神似，遂皆成優伶之口吻。

然粤东剧场说白，亦多作桂语，而学桂语者，又不能得其神似，遂皆成优伶之口吻。


粵西

/jyːt̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/jyːt̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵/

western Guangdong (a region of Guangdong, China)


文藝復興

ㄨㄣˊ ㄧˋ ㄈㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄥ

ㄨㄣˊ ㄧˋ ㄈㄨˋ ㄒㄧㄥ

/wən³⁵ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ ŋɐi̯²² fʊk̚² hɪŋ⁵⁵/

/bun²⁴⁻²² ɡe²²⁻²¹ hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/bun²⁴⁻²² ɡe⁴¹⁻²² hɔk̚²⁴⁻² hiɪŋ³³/

/bun¹³⁻²² ɡe²²⁻²¹ hɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/bun²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡe³³⁻¹¹ hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/bun²³⁻³³ ɡe³³⁻²¹ hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/wən³⁵ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/mɐn²¹ ŋɐi̯²² fʊk̚² hɪŋ⁵⁵/

/bun²⁴⁻²² ɡe²²⁻²¹ hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/bun²⁴⁻²² ɡe⁴¹⁻²² hɔk̚²⁴⁻² hiɪŋ³³/

/bun¹³⁻²² ɡe²²⁻²¹ hɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/bun²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡe³³⁻¹¹ hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/bun²³⁻³³ ɡe³³⁻²¹ hɔk̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ⁴⁴/


高村

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Gaocun (a town in Wuqing district, Tianjin, China)

(～鄉) (historical) Gaocun (a township in Wuqing district, Tianjin, China)

(～村) Gaocun (a village in Gaocun, Wuqing district, Tianjin, China)


岸田

/ˀän⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ˀän⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 岸田 (Kishida)


玉井

/y⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jʊk̚² t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/

/jʊk̚² t͡sɪŋ³⁵/

/ŋi̯uk̚⁵ t͡si̯aŋ³¹/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sẽ⁵³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sĩ⁵³/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sẽ⁵⁵⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sĩ⁵⁵⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sɛ̃⁵³/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sĩ⁵³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sẽ⁵³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sĩ⁵³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sẽ⁴¹/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sĩ⁴¹/

/y⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jʊk̚² t͡sɛːŋ³⁵/

/jʊk̚² t͡sɪŋ³⁵/

/ŋi̯uk̚⁵ t͡si̯aŋ³¹/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sẽ⁵³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sĩ⁵³/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sẽ⁵⁵⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡sĩ⁵⁵⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sɛ̃⁵³/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡sĩ⁵³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sẽ⁵³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sĩ⁵³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sẽ⁴¹/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sĩ⁴¹/

From Japanese 玉井(たまい) (Tamai), a phono-semantic matching of the original name of 噍吧哖 (Ta-pa-nî).

(～區) Yujing (a district of Tainan, Taiwan)


川合

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 川合, Kawai


志賀

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xɤ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xɤ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 志賀(しが) (Shiga).

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 志賀, Shiga


神山

/ʂən³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ʂən³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Shenshan (a town in Chibi, Xianning, Hubei, China)


大江

English: Ta

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ai³² kɔŋ³³/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ koŋ²⁴/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ai³² kɔŋ³³/

/tʰai̯⁵⁵ koŋ²⁴/

The Verses of Chu, 4ᵗʰ century BCE – 2ⁿᵈ century CE

Wàng Cényáng xī jípǔ, héng Dàjiāng xī yánglíng.

望涔陽兮極浦，橫大江兮揚靈。

望涔阳兮极浦，横大江兮扬灵。

Dàjiāng dōng qù, làng táo jìn, qiāngǔ fēngliú rénwù.

大江東去，浪淘盡，千古風流人物。

大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。

(poetic) synonym of 長江 /长江 (Cháng Jiāng), the Yangtze River

(～鎮) Dajiang (a town in Taishan, Jiangmen, Guangdong)

(～鎮) Dajiang (a town in Xinxing, Yunfu, Guangdong)


北山

→ English: Beishan

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～王國) Hokuzan (a former kingdom on Okinawa, Japan)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Chuanying district, Jilin, Jilin, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Yanji, Yanbian, Jilin, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Xiangyang district, Hegang, Heilongjiang, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Lingdong district, Shuangyashan, Heilongjiang, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Xinxing district, Qitaihe, Heilongjiang, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Aimin district, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Xihu district, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China)

(～街道) Beishan (a subdistrict of Macun district, Jiaozuo, Henan, China)

(～鎮) Beishan (a town in Qingtian, Lishui, Zhejiang, China)

(～鎮) Beishan (a town in Changsha, Changsha, Hunan, China)

(～鎮) Beishan (a town in Longhui, Shaoyang, Hunan, China)

(～鎮) Beishan (a town in Yizhou district, Hechi, Guizhou, China)

(～鄉) Beishan (a township in Suibin, Hegang, Heilongjiang, China)

(～鄉) Beishan (a township in Duchang, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China)

(～鄉) Beishan (a township in Dazhou district, Dazhou, Sichuan, China)

(～鄉) Beishan (a township in Xide, Liangshan, Sichuan, China)

(～鄉) Beishan (a township in Minhe, Haidong, Qinghai, China)

(～鄉) Beishan (a township in Menyuan, Haibei, Qinghai, China)

(～村) Kitayama (a village in Higashimuro district, Wakayama Prefecture, Kansai, Japan)

(～村) Beishan (a village in Bo'ao, Qionghai, Hainan, China)

(～村) (historical) Beishan (a village in Lingshanwei, Huangdao district, Qingdao, Shandong, China)

(～村) Beishan (a village in Guoxing, Nantou County, Taiwan)

Purple Mountain
w:Purple Mountain (Nanjing)

alternate name for Purple Mountain (a mountain in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China)

Bagong Mountain
w:Bagong Mountain Scenic Spot

alternate name for Bagong Mountain (a mountain in Bagongshan district, Huainan, Anhui, China)


有田

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 有田 (Arida).

(～市) Arida (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


少林寺

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ lin³⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/siːu̯³³ lɐm²¹ t͡siː²²⁻³⁵/

/siau²¹⁻⁵³ lim²⁴⁻²² si²²/

/siau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lim²⁴⁻²² si⁴¹/

/siau²¹⁻⁵³ lim¹³⁻²² si²²/

/siau¹¹⁻⁵³ lim²⁴⁻¹¹ si³³/

/siau²¹⁻⁴¹ lim²³⁻³³ si³³/

/sɔ³³ lin⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ lin³⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/siːu̯³³ lɐm²¹ t͡siː²²⁻³⁵/

/siau²¹⁻⁵³ lim²⁴⁻²² si²²/

/siau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lim²⁴⁻²² si⁴¹/

/siau²¹⁻⁵³ lim¹³⁻²² si²²/

/siau¹¹⁻⁵³ lim²⁴⁻¹¹ si³³/

/siau²¹⁻⁴¹ lim²³⁻³³ si³³/

/sɔ³³ lin⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/


朝鮮半島

ㄔㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄢˇ ㄅㄢˋ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄔㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄢ ㄅㄢˋ ㄉㄠˇ

Чаосянь Баньдао

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ pän⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ pän⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ siːn⁵⁵ puːn³³ tou̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ pän⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ siːn⁵⁵ puːn³³ tou̯³⁵/

Korean Peninsula
Korean Peninsula#English:_Q483134

(Mainland China) Korean Peninsula (a peninsula in East Asia, containing the countries of North Korea and South Korea)


韓半島

/xän³⁵ pän⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn²¹ puːn³³ tou̯³⁵/

/xän³⁵ pän⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn²¹ puːn³³ tou̯³⁵/

(uncommon) Korean Peninsula (a peninsula in East Asia, containing the countries of North Korea and South Korea)


直系

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/t͡sɪk̚² hɐi̯²²/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ ɕi⁵¹/

/t͡sɪk̚² hɐi̯²²/

From 直隸／直隶 (zhílì), a historical governorate.

zh-m

直隸／直隶 (zhílì)

(historical) the Zhili clique (a political-military faction of the Beiyang warlords)


沙嘴

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (沙嘴):
* → Japanese: 砂嘴(さし) (sashi)

/ʂä⁵⁵ t͡su̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂä⁵⁵ t͡su̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～街道) Shazui (a subdistrict of Xiantao, Hubei, China)


土耳其斯坦

ㄊㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄊㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

Туэрцисытань

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰou̯³⁵ jiː¹³ kʰei̯²¹ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/

/tʰou̯³⁵ jiː¹³ kʰei̯²¹ siː⁵⁵ tʰaːn³⁵/


東土耳其斯坦

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄊㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄊㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

Дун Туэрцисытань

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

East Turkestan (a geographic region in northwestern China; in modern usage, a synonym of Xinjiang used by the East Turkestan independence movement)


大倉

/tä⁵¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

(～村) Dacang (a rural village in Baisha, Penghu County, Taiwan)


紅花

/xʊŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² hue³³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² hue⁴⁴/

/aŋ¹³⁻²² hua⁴⁴/

/ɦoŋ²² ho⁴⁴/

/ɦoŋ²² ho³³/

/xʊŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ hue⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hue⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² hue³³/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² hue⁴⁴/

/aŋ¹³⁻²² hua⁴⁴/

/ɦoŋ²² ho⁴⁴/

/ɦoŋ²² ho³³/

(～村) Honghua (a village in Zhonglu, Lichuan, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


永珍

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of Lao ວຽງຈັນ (wīang chan), via Cantonese.

psm

(Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan, Malaysia, Singapore) Vientiane (a city, the capital city of Laos)


明鏡

/miŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/miŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/


田川

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 田川 (Tagawa).

obor

(～市) Tagawa (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


諏訪

/t͡soʊ̯⁵⁵ fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡soʊ̯⁵⁵ fɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 諏訪 (Suwa).

(～市) Suwa (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


阪本

/pän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 阪本, Sakamoto


江川

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰyːn⁵⁵/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Jiangchuan (a district and former county of Yuxi, Yunnan, China)


山上

/ʂän⁵⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/saːn⁵⁵ sœːŋ²²/

/san²⁴⁻¹¹ soŋ⁵⁵/

/san⁴⁴⁻²² siɔŋ²²/

/san⁴⁴⁻²² siɔŋ²²/

/san⁴⁴⁻³³ siɔŋ³³/

/san⁴⁴⁻³³ siɔŋ³³/

/ʂän⁵⁵ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/saːn⁵⁵ sœːŋ²²/

/san²⁴⁻¹¹ soŋ⁵⁵/

/san⁴⁴⁻²² siɔŋ²²/

/san⁴⁴⁻²² siɔŋ²²/

/san⁴⁴⁻³³ siɔŋ³³/

/san⁴⁴⁻³³ siɔŋ³³/

(～區) Shanshang (a district of Tainan, Taiwan)

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 山上, Yamagami


印度教

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (印度教):
* → Korean: 인도교(印度敎) (indogyo)
* → Vietnamese: Ấn Độ giáo (印度教)

ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐn³³ tou̯²² kaːu̯³³/

/iŋ²¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nu²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɑu²¹³/

/in⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ⁴¹⁻²² kau⁴¹/

/in¹¹⁻⁵³ tɔ³³⁻¹¹ kau¹¹/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/in²¹⁻⁴² tɔ²²⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/in²¹⁻⁴¹ tɔ³³⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/iŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tou¹¹ ka²¹³/

/in³³ du⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɔ²¹/

/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐn³³ tou̯²² kaːu̯³³/

/iŋ²¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nu²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɑu²¹³/

/in⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ⁴¹⁻²² kau⁴¹/

/in¹¹⁻⁵³ tɔ³³⁻¹¹ kau¹¹/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/in²¹⁻⁴² tɔ²²⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/in²¹⁻⁴¹ tɔ³³⁻²¹ kau²¹/

/iŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ tou¹¹ ka²¹³/

/in³³ du⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɔ²¹/


煙臺

→ English: Yantai, Yen-tai, Yen-t'ai

/jɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/jiːn⁵⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/ian⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰoɪ¹¹/

/ieŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nai⁵³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tai²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tai¹³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tai²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tai²³/

/iŋ³³⁻²³ tʰai⁵⁵/

/jɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/jiːn⁵⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/ian⁴⁴⁻³⁵ tʰoɪ¹¹/

/ieŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nai⁵³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tai²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tai¹³/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tai²⁴/

/iɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tai²³/

/iŋ³³⁻²³ tʰai⁵⁵/

(～市) Yantai (a coastal prefecture-level city in northeastern Shandong, China)

(～村) Yantai (a village in the township of Haidao, Xiapu County, in the prefecture-level city of Ningde, Fujian, China)


聖路易斯

ㄕㄥˋ ㄌㄨˋ ㄧˋ ㄙ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄌㄨˋ ㄧˋ ㄙ

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ lou̯²² jɪk̚² siː⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ lou̯²² jɪk̚² siː⁵⁵/

St. Louis (a city in Missouri, United States)


路易斯

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/lou̯²² jɪk̚² siː⁵⁵/

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/lou̯²² jɪk̚² siː⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the English or German male given name Louis

A transliteration of the Portuguese or Spanish male given name Luiz

A transliteration of the Spanish or English male given name Luis

A transliteration of the Portuguese male given name Luís


斯大林

/sz̩⁵⁵ tä⁵¹ lin³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ taːi̯²² lɐm²¹/

/sz̩⁵⁵ tä⁵¹ lin³⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ taːi̯²² lɐm²¹/

Grand Marshal Stalin telegraphed Chairman Mao to congratulate him on the third anniversary of the establishment of the People's Republic of China

zhùhè Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó chénglì sān zhōu nián Sīdàlín dàyuánshuài zhìdiàn Máo zhǔxí

祝賀中華人民共和國成立三周年斯大林大元帥致電毛主席

祝贺中华人民共和国成立三周年斯大林大元帅致电毛主席

Ста́лин Сталин#Russian

(Mainland China) A transliteration of the Russian surname Ста́лин (Stálin), Stalin


牛車水

ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄔㄜ ㄕㄨㄟˇ

ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄔㄜ ㄕㄨㄟˇ

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

/ŋi̯u¹¹ t͡sʰa²⁴ su̯i³¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁴²/

/ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia³³⁻²³ t͡sui⁵²/

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵ sɵy̯³⁵/

/ŋi̯u¹¹ t͡sʰa²⁴ su̯i³¹/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁴²/

/ɡu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia³³⁻²³ t͡sui⁵²/


中華街

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄐㄧㄝ

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄐㄧㄝ

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 中華街(ちゅうかがい) (Chūkagai).

Yokohama Chinatown (a neighborhood of Yokohama, Japan)

Nagasaki Shinchi Chinatown
w:Nagasaki Shinchi Chinatown

Nagasaki Shinchi Chinatown (a neighborhood of Nagasaki, Japan)


希特勒

/ɕi⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɤ⁵¹/

/ɕi⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɤ⁵¹/

A transliteration of the German surname Hitler


戰國策

ㄓㄢˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄘㄜˋ

ㄓㄢˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄘㄜˋ

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/

/t͡siːn³³ kʷɔːk̚³ t͡sʰaːk̚³/

/ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/

/t͡siːn³³ kʷɔːk̚³ t͡sʰaːk̚³/

Warring States period
w:Warring States period

Zhanguoce (a renowned ancient Chinese historical work on the Warring States period, translated variously as Strategies of the Warring States, Intrigues of the Warring States or the Record of the Warring States)


芒角

/mɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɔːŋ²¹ kɔːk̚³/

/mɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɔːŋ²¹ kɔːk̚³/

(historical) Mongkok (an area of Hong Kong)


旺角

/wɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²² kɔːk̚³/

/ɔŋ²²⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/ɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² kak̚⁵/

/ɔŋ²²⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/ɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ kak̚³²/

/ɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/ɦuɑ̃²² koʔ⁴⁴/

/mɑ̃²² koʔ⁴⁴/

/wɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɔːŋ²² kɔːk̚³/

/ɔŋ²²⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/ɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² kak̚⁵/

/ɔŋ²²⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/ɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ kak̚³²/

/ɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kak̚³²/

/ɦuɑ̃²² koʔ⁴⁴/

/mɑ̃²² koʔ⁴⁴/


圖瓦

/tʰu³⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰou̯²¹ ŋaː¹³/

/tʰu³⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰou̯²¹ ŋaː¹³/

～共和國 圖瓦共和國#Chinese


尼波羅

/ni³⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/nei̯²¹ pɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/

/ni³⁵ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/nei̯²¹ pɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/


華航

/xu̯ä³⁵ xɑŋ³⁵/

/waː²¹ hɔːŋ²¹/

/hua²⁴⁻²² haŋ²⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻²² haŋ²⁴/

/hua¹³⁻²² haŋ¹³/

/hua²⁴⁻¹¹ haŋ²⁴/

/hua²³⁻³³ haŋ²³/

/xu̯ä³⁵ xɑŋ³⁵/

/waː²¹ hɔːŋ²¹/

/hua²⁴⁻²² haŋ²⁴/

/hua²⁴⁻²² haŋ²⁴/

/hua¹³⁻²² haŋ¹³/

/hua²⁴⁻¹¹ haŋ²⁴/

/hua²³⁻³³ haŋ²³/

中華航空 中華航空#Chinese

中华航空 中华航空#Chinese

short for 中華航空／中华航空 (Zhōnghuá Hángkōng, “China Airlines”)


中華航空

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄏㄤˊ ㄎㄨㄥ

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄏㄤˊ ㄎㄨㄥ

Чжунхуа Ханкун

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ xɑŋ³⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹ hɔːŋ²¹ hʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²⁴⁻²² haŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ hua²⁴⁻²² haŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰɔŋ³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua¹³⁻²² haŋ¹³⁻²² kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²⁴⁻¹¹ haŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²³⁻³³ haŋ²³⁻³³ kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ xɑŋ³⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹ hɔːŋ²¹ hʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²⁴⁻²² haŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ hua²⁴⁻²² haŋ²⁴⁻²² kʰɔŋ³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua¹³⁻²² haŋ¹³⁻²² kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²⁴⁻¹¹ haŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²³⁻³³ haŋ²³⁻³³ kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

China Airlines (the flag carrier and largest airline in Taiwan)


不列顛

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄉㄧㄢ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄉㄧㄢ

/pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ ti̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/puʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ l̃ieʔ⁵⁻³³ tieŋ⁵⁵/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tiɛn⁴⁴/

/put̚⁵⁻²⁴ liɛt̚²⁴⁻² tiɛn³³/

/put̚³²⁻⁵ liɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tiɛn⁴⁴/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tiɛn⁴⁴/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tiɛn⁴⁴/

/pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ ti̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/puʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ l̃ieʔ⁵⁻³³ tieŋ⁵⁵/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tiɛn⁴⁴/

/put̚⁵⁻²⁴ liɛt̚²⁴⁻² tiɛn³³/

/put̚³²⁻⁵ liɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tiɛn⁴⁴/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tiɛn⁴⁴/

/put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tiɛn⁴⁴/

(loosely) Britain (the United Kingdom, a kingdom and country in Northern Europe including the island of Great Britain as well as Northern Ireland on the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland)

Britain (great Britain, a large island (sometimes also including some of the surrounding smaller islands) off the north-west coast of Western Europe, made up of England, Scotland, and Wales; especially (but not exclusively) during antiquity)


加州

Sino-Xenic (加州):
* → Japanese: 加州(かしゅう) (kashū)
* → Korean: 가주(加州) (Gaju)

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

加利福尼亞州 加利福尼亞州

加利福尼亚州 加利福尼亚州

short for 加利福尼亞州／加利福尼亚州 (Jiālìfúníyà Zhōu): California (the most populous state of the United States)


哪吒

/nɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵/

/nɤ³⁵ ɖ͡ʐ̥ä³/

/nu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹/

/nɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹/

/naː²¹ t͡saː⁵⁵/

/nɔː²¹ t͡saː⁵⁵/

/ⁿda²² t͡sa³²⁻³²⁵/

/nˡo⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰia⁵⁵/

/lo²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² t͡sa³³/

/lo²⁴⁻²² ta²¹/

/na⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sa³³/

/la⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sa³³/

/nɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵⁵/

/nɤ³⁵ ɖ͡ʐ̥ä³/

/nu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹/

/nɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂä⁵¹/

/naː²¹ t͡saː⁵⁵/

/nɔː²¹ t͡saː⁵⁵/

/ⁿda²² t͡sa³²⁻³²⁵/

/nˡo⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sʰia⁵⁵/

/lo²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² t͡sa³³/

/lo²⁴⁻²² ta²¹/

/na⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sa³³/

/la⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sa³³/

Clipping of the Medieval variants of the name:
* 那吒俱伐羅 (MC na traeH kju bjot la),
* 那吒矩韈囉 (MC na traeH kjuX mjot la),
Which are transcriptions of a variant of the Indian yaksha's name Nalakuvara, possibly Pali naṭakuvera; compare Sanskrit नलकुबेर (nalakubera).
Nalakuvara was the son of the yaksha king Kubera, which in Chinese is 俱毗羅 (MC kju bjij la).

(Chinese folk religion) Nezha, a protection deity in Chinese folk religion


三田

/sän⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/


寶島

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/po²⁴⁻³³ to²⁴/

/pɒ⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ tɒ⁴⁵³/

/pɒ³³²⁻²¹ tɒ³³²/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ⁴¹/

/pɤ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tɤ⁵³/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/po⁵³⁻²⁴ to⁵³/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tɔ⁵³/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ⁵³/

/po⁵⁵⁻³⁵ tɔ⁵⁵/

/po⁵²⁻³⁵ tau⁵²⁻²¹/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/po²⁴⁻³³ to²⁴/

/pɒ⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ tɒ⁴⁵³/

/pɒ³³²⁻²¹ tɒ³³²/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ⁴¹/

/pɤ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tɤ⁵³/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/po⁵³⁻²⁴ to⁵³/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁵⁵ tɔ⁵³/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ⁵³/

/po⁵⁵⁻³⁵ tɔ⁵⁵/

/po⁵²⁻³⁵ tau⁵²⁻²¹/


好望角

ㄏㄠˇ ㄨㄤˋ ㄐㄧㄠˇ

ㄏㄠˇ ㄨㄤˋ ㄐㄧㄠˇ

/xɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ wɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hou̯³⁵ mɔːŋ²² kɔːk̚³/

/xɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ wɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hou̯³⁵ mɔːŋ²² kɔːk̚³/


鄉土

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ tʰou̯³⁵/

/hi̯oŋ²⁴ tʰu³¹/

/hyɒŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ tʰɔu⁴⁵³/

/hyøŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ tʰɔu³³²/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ⁵³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ⁴¹/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/

/hiɔŋ³³ tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/hiaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/

/hiũ³³ tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/hiũ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ tʰou̯³⁵/

/hi̯oŋ²⁴ tʰu³¹/

/hyɒŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ tʰɔu⁴⁵³/

/hyøŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ tʰɔu³³²/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ⁵³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ⁴¹/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/

/hiɔŋ³³ tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/hiaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/

/hiũ³³ tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/hiũ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/

(Hong Kong, Internet slang) Hong Kong Discuss Forum


宜蘭

→ English: Yilan, Ilan

/ŋie⁵³⁻³³ l̃aŋ⁵³/

/ki¹³⁻¹¹ laŋ¹³/

/ki²⁴⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/

/ɡi²⁴⁻²² lan²⁴/

/ɡi²⁴⁻²² lan²⁴/

/ɡi¹³⁻²² lan¹³/

/ɡi²⁴⁻¹¹ lan²⁴/

/ɡi²³⁻³³ lan²³/

/ŋie⁵³⁻³³ l̃aŋ⁵³/

/ki¹³⁻¹¹ laŋ¹³/

/ki²⁴⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/

/ɡi²⁴⁻²² lan²⁴/

/ɡi²⁴⁻²² lan²⁴/

/ɡi¹³⁻²² lan¹³/

/ɡi²⁴⁻¹¹ lan²⁴/

/ɡi²³⁻³³ lan²³/

With 1875 renaming from Komalan Subprefecture (噶瑪蘭廳), from Hokkien 噶瑪蘭 (Kat-má-lán), 蛤仔蘭 (Kap-á-lân) or 蛤仔難 (Kap-á-lān), names given to sites of the Kavalan tribe of Taiwanese aborigines.

(～市) Yilan (a city in Yilan County, Taiwan)


義大利

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/jiː²² taːi̯²² lei̯²²/

/i²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/i⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tai⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹/

/i²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/i¹¹⁻⁵³ tai³³⁻¹¹ li³³/

/i²¹⁻⁴¹ tai³³⁻²¹ li³³/

/n̠ʲi²² da⁵⁵ li²¹/

/i⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/jiː²² taːi̯²² lei̯²²/

/i²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/i⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tai⁴¹⁻²² li⁴¹/

/i²¹⁻⁵³ tai²²⁻²¹ li²²/

/i¹¹⁻⁵³ tai³³⁻¹¹ li³³/

/i²¹⁻⁴¹ tai³³⁻²¹ li³³/

/n̠ʲi²² da⁵⁵ li²¹/

Borrowed from English Italy. Attested as early as 1837, in the Eastern Western Monthly Magazine.

1837, “經書”, in Karl Gützlaff, editor, 東西洋考每月統紀傳 [Eastern Western Monthly Magazine], page 8:

Míngcháo zhī shí, Dàyīng, Fǎlánxī, Yìdàlì, Ālǐmàn, gèguó zhī rú xīng, zuǎn jīngshū hàofán.

明朝之時，大英、法蘭西、義大利、阿理曼，各國之儒興，纂經書浩繁。

明朝之时，大英、法兰西、义大利、阿理曼，各国之儒兴，纂经书浩繁。

(now chiefly Taiwan) Italy (a country in Southern Europe)


屏東

desc

→ English: Pingtung, P'ing-tung, Ping Tung, Pingdong

/pʰiŋ³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nøyŋ⁵⁵/

/pin²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pin²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ³³/

/pin¹³⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pin²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pin²³⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nøyŋ⁵⁵/

/pin²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pin²⁴⁻²² tɔŋ³³/

/pin¹³⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pin²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/pin²³⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

From Japanese 屏東(へいとう) (Heitō) in 1920, referring to its relative position to 半屏山 (Poàⁿ-pêng-soaⁿ, “Mount Banping”).

(～市) Pingtung (a city in Pingtung County, Taiwan)


高達

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Gundam (Japanese animation franchise)


侏儒

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʐu³⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ zu²³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ lu²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² lu²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zi¹³/

/t͡su³³⁻²³ d͡zu⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʐu³⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ zu²³/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻³³ lu²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² lu²⁴/

/t͡su⁴⁴⁻²² d͡zi¹³/

/t͡su³³⁻²³ d͡zu⁵⁵/

/t͡sz̩⁵⁵ zz̩²¹/

Possibly cognate with 蜘蛛 (OC *te to, “spider”), per the dialectal dictionary Fangyan (1st century CE):
:
Compare the derivation of English midget from midge.

“Te to”, spider; also called “to mo”. To the west of Hangu Pass, in the Qin and Jin regions, it is called “to mo”. To the east of the Pass, in the Zhao and Wei regions, it is called “te to”, or “to lo”. The latter is an alternation of the word “to no” (“dwarf”). In the Northern Yan, Korea, and Lie River regions, it is called “to la”.

Zhīzhū, zhūmáo yě. Zì Guān ér xī, Qín Jìn zhījiān wèi zhī zhūmáo. Zì Guān ér dōng, Zhào Wèi zhī jiāo wèi zhī zhīzhū, huò wèi zhī zhúyú, zhúyú zhě zhūrú yǔ zhī zhuǎn yě. Běiyàn Cháoxiān Lièshuǐ zhījiān, wèi zhī dúchú.

鼅鼄，鼄蝥也。自關而西，秦晉之間謂之鼄蝥。自關而東，趙魏之郊謂之鼅鼄，或謂之蠾蝓，蠾蝓者侏儒語之轉也。北燕朝鮮洌水之間，謂之蝳蜍。

𱌄𬹣，𬹣蝥也。自关而西，秦晋之间谓之𬹣蝥。自关而东，赵魏之郊谓之𱌄𬹣，或谓之𧑏蝓，𧑏蝓者侏儒语之转也。北燕朝鲜洌水之间，谓之蝳蜍。

(～街道) Zhuru (a subdistrict of Caidian district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


泰王國

ㄊㄞˋ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄊㄞˋ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ wɑŋ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ wɔːŋ²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ wɑŋ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ wɔːŋ²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

Kingdom of Thailand
Kingdom of Thailand#English:_Q869

Kingdom of Thailand (official name of Thailand: a country in Southeast Asia)


大熊座

ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄩㄥˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄩㄥˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

/tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² hʊŋ²¹ t͡sɔː²²/

/tua²²⁻²¹ him²⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² him²⁴⁻²² t͡so⁴¹/

/tua²²⁻²¹ him¹³⁻²² t͡so²²/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ him²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡so³³/

/tua³³⁻²¹ him²³⁻³³ t͡sɤ³³/

/tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² hʊŋ²¹ t͡sɔː²²/

/tua²²⁻²¹ him²⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² him²⁴⁻²² t͡so⁴¹/

/tua²²⁻²¹ him¹³⁻²² t͡so²²/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ him²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡so³³/

/tua³³⁻²¹ him²³⁻³³ t͡sɤ³³/


小熊座

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄒㄩㄥˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄒㄩㄥˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sio⁵³⁻⁴⁴ him²⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/

/sio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ him²⁴⁻²² t͡so⁴¹/

/sio⁵³⁻⁴⁴ him¹³⁻²² t͡so²²/

/sio⁵³⁻⁴⁴ him²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡so³³/

/siɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ him²³⁻³³ t͡sɤ³³/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sio⁵³⁻⁴⁴ him²⁴⁻²² t͡so²²/

/sio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ him²⁴⁻²² t͡so⁴¹/

/sio⁵³⁻⁴⁴ him¹³⁻²² t͡so²²/

/sio⁵³⁻⁴⁴ him²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡so³³/

/siɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ him²³⁻³³ t͡sɤ³³/


雙子宮

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/


雙子

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 双(ふた)子(ご) (futago)


苦盞

/kʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Khujand, capital of the Sughd province in north of Tajikistan


公館

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kuːn³⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁵³/

/kɔŋ³³ kuan⁵⁵⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁴¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kuːn³⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁵³/

/kɔŋ³³ kuan⁵⁵⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kuan⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁵³/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kuan⁴¹/

(～鎮) Gongguan (a town in Hepu, Beihai, Guangxi, China)

(～鎮) Gongguan (a town in Maonan district, Maoming, Guangdong, China)

(～鄉) Gongguan, Kungkuan (a rural township in Miaoli County, Taiwan)

(～鄉) Gongguan (a township in Xunyang, Ankang, Shaanxi, China)


是拉差

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/

/siː²² laːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰaː⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä⁵⁵/

/siː²² laːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰaː⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Thai ศรีราชา (sǐi-raa-chaa).

是拉差香甜辣椒醬

是拉差香甜辣椒酱


木本

/mu⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mu⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 木本, Kimoto


富岡

/fu⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fu⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富岡 (Tomioka).

obor

(～市) Tomioka (a city in Gunma Prefecture, Japan)

(～町) Tomioka (a town in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan)


龍門

/lʊŋ³⁵ mən³⁵/

/noŋ²¹ mən²¹/

/lʊŋ²¹ muːn²¹/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ bun²³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bun²⁴/

/loŋ²² mən⁴⁴/

/lʊŋ³⁵ mən³⁵/

/noŋ²¹ mən²¹/

/lʊŋ²¹ muːn²¹/

/liɪŋ²³⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/liɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ mŋ̍²⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ bun²³/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ bun²⁴/

/loŋ²² mən⁴⁴/

(～縣) Longmen (a county of Huizhou, Guangdong, China)

(～街道) Longmen (a subdistrict of Wushan, Chongqing, China)

(archaic, literary) "Longmen", a nickname for Sima Qian on account of his birthplace having been Longmen County


東亞

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ aː³³/

/tøyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^((Ø-))ŋa³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/toŋ⁵⁵ ɦia²¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ aː³³/

/tøyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^((Ø-))ŋa³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/toŋ⁵⁵ ɦia²¹/

East Asia (a geographic region comprising the eastern part of Asia, inclusive of China proper, Japan, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan and sometimes inclusive of Mongolia and Tibet and some or all of Southeast Asia and the Philippines)


媽祖

/mä⁵⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ma⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡sɔ⁴²/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/ma⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sou⁵²⁻²¹/

/mä⁵⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ma⁴²⁻²⁴ t͡sɔ⁴²/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/ma⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡sou⁵²⁻²¹/

The Tianhou Temple located on Zhengyi Street, Magong City, Penghu County, commonly known as the “Tianfei Temple” or the “Mazu Temple”, known as “Niang Temple”, “Maninang Temple”, “Niangma Temple”, etc. during the Ming dynasty

2013?, "澎湖天后宫 (Penghu Tianhou Temple), 蚂蜂窝 (Mafengwo)

Tiānhòu Gōng wèiyú Pénghú Xiàn Mǎgōng Shì Zhèngyì Jiē shàng, súchēng ‘Tiānfēi Gōng’, ‘Māzǔ Gōng’, zài Míngdài chēngwéi ‘Niáng Gōng’, ‘Māniáng Gōng’, ‘Niángmā Gōng’ ‘Mā Gōng’ děng

天后宮位於澎湖縣馬公市正義街上，俗稱『天妃宮』、『媽祖宮』，在明代稱為『娘宮』、『媽娘宮』、『娘媽宮』『媽宮』等

天后宫位于澎湖县马公市正义街上，俗称『天妃宫』、『妈祖宫』，在明代称为『娘宫』、『妈娘宫』、『娘妈宫』『妈宫』等


淡江

/tän⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tam²²⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tam⁴¹⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/tam²²⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tam³³⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tam³³⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tän⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tam²²⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tam⁴¹⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/tam²²⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tam³³⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tam³³⁻²¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/


馬祖

→ English: Matsu, Ma-tsu, Matsoo, Mazu

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁵³/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁴¹/

Named after Mazu, 媽祖 (Māzǔ), who was believed to have died there when she was rescuing her father and brother. In Eastern Min, 馬 /马 and 媽 /妈 are homophonic.

(～列島) Matsu Islands (synonymous with Lienchiang County, Taiwan (ROC))

(～海峽) Matsu Strait (between Beigan and Nangan in Lienchiang County, Taiwan (ROC))

(～鄉) Matsu (hypothetical township of Lianjiang, Fuzhou, Fujian as claimed by China (PRC); includes most of Lienchiang County, Taiwan (ROC))


寶瓶座

ㄅㄠˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄅㄠˇ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/pou̯³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ t͡sɔː²²/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/pou̯³⁵ pʰɪŋ²¹ t͡sɔː²²/


彰化

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ fa⁵⁵/

/t͡suoŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuɑ²¹³/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua¹¹/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²¹/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²¹/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua¹¹/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ faː³³/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ fa⁵⁵/

/t͡suoŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuɑ²¹³/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua¹¹/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²¹/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua²¹/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hua¹¹/

/t͡siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hua²¹/

(～市) Changhua (a city in Changhua County, Taiwan)


光復

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ fu⁵¹/

/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ fʊk̚²/

/koŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ fuk̚⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hɔk̚⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ hɔk̚²⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hɔk̚¹²¹/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚⁴/

/kuɑ̃⁵⁵ voʔ²¹/

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ fu⁵¹/

/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ fʊk̚²/

/koŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ fuk̚⁵/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hɔk̚⁴/

/kɔŋ³³ hɔk̚²⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hɔk̚¹²¹/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚⁴/

/kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚⁴/

/kuɑ̃⁵⁵ voʔ²¹/

(～鄉) Guangfu (a rural township in Hualien County, Taiwan)


星光

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (星光):
* → Korean: 성광(星光) (seonggwang)

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/sen²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ kuaŋ³³/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/sen²⁴⁻¹¹ koŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ kuaŋ³³/

(～村) Xingguang (a village in Chengbei, Yingcheng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)

(～村) Xingguang (a village in Zhashan, Caidian district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


橄欖山

Ганьлань Шань

/kän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ län²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kaːm³³ laːm¹³⁻³⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/kän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ län²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kaːm³³ laːm¹³⁻³⁵ saːn⁵⁵/


吉祥

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/kɐt̚⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕiəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ ɕiɒ̃¹¹/

/kɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ ɬyɒŋ¹³/

/kɛʔ²⁻⁴ ɬyøŋ²⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ siɔŋ²⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ siɔŋ²³/

/kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ siɔŋ²⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ siaŋ¹³/

/t͡ɕiɪʔ³³ ʑiã⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/kɐt̚⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕiəʔ²⁻⁵⁴ ɕiɒ̃¹¹/

/kɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ ɬyɒŋ¹³/

/kɛʔ²⁻⁴ ɬyøŋ²⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ siɔŋ²⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ siɔŋ²³/

/kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ siɔŋ²⁴/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ siaŋ¹³/

/t͡ɕiɪʔ³³ ʑiã⁴⁴/

(～里) an urban village in Songshan district, Taipei, Taiwan


朝天

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

(～區) Chaotian District (a district of Guangyuan, Sichuan, China)


妊神星

/ʐən⁵¹ ʂən³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/jɐm²² sɐn²¹ sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/zən²² zən⁵⁵ ɕin²¹/

/ʐən⁵¹ ʂən³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/jɐm²² sɐn²¹ sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/zən²² zən⁵⁵ ɕin²¹/


客家語

/kʰɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haːk̚³ kaː⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/hak̚² ka²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴/

/hak⁵⁻² ka⁵³ ŋi⁵³/

/kʰaʔ²⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾a⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ŋy³³/

/kʰɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ ka⁵³³⁻¹¹ ky⁴⁵³/

/kʰɛʔ²⁻⁴ ka⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ky³³²/

/kʰe(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ka⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu⁵³/

/kʰe(ʔ)⁵ ka³³ ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰe(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ka⁴⁴⁻²² ɡi⁵³/

/kʰaʔ³³ ka⁵⁵ n̠ʲy²¹/

/kʰaʔ³³ t͡ɕia⁵⁵ n̠ʲy²¹/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haːk̚³ kaː⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/hak̚² ka²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴/

/hak⁵⁻² ka⁵³ ŋi⁵³/

/kʰaʔ²⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾a⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ŋy³³/

/kʰɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ ka⁵³³⁻¹¹ ky⁴⁵³/

/kʰɛʔ²⁻⁴ ka⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ky³³²/

/kʰe(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ka⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu⁵³/

/kʰe(ʔ)⁵ ka³³ ɡɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/kʰe(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ ka⁴⁴⁻²² ɡi⁵³/

/kʰaʔ³³ ka⁵⁵ n̠ʲy²¹/

/kʰaʔ³³ t͡ɕia⁵⁵ n̠ʲy²¹/


國子監

Sino-Xenic (國子監):
* → Vietnamese: Quốc Tử Giám (國子監)

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄗˇ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄗˇ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/kʷɔːk̚³ t͡siː³⁵ kaːm³³/

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/kʷɔːk̚³ t͡siː³⁵ kaːm³³/

National Imperial Academy (national central institution of higher learning in Chinese dynasties after the Sui)

(～社區) Guozijian (a residential community in Andingmen, Dongcheng district, Beijing, China)


板橋

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pæ̃⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiɔː²⁴/

/paːn³⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kio²⁴/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kio¹³/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kio²⁴/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɤ²³/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pæ̃⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiɔː²⁴/

/paːn³⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kio²⁴/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kio¹³/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kio²⁴/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɤ²³/

(～鎮) Banqiao Town (name of various towns in China)

(～鎮) Banqiao (a town in Nanzhang, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Banqiao (a town in Enshi, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


板橋

desc

→ English: Banciao, Banqiao, Pan-ch'iao, Panchiao

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/paːn³⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/pi̯oŋ²⁴ kʰi̯eu̯¹¹/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kio²⁴/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kio¹³/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kio²⁴/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɤ²³/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/paːn³⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/pi̯oŋ²⁴ kʰi̯eu̯¹¹/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kio²⁴/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kio¹³/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kio²⁴/

/paŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɤ²³/

From Japanese 板橋(いたはし) (Itahashi), from the former name 枋橋／枋桥. The Min Nan and Hakka pronunciations are based on the former name.

(～區, formerly ～鎮, ～市) Banqiao, Banciao, Panchiao (a district of New Taipei City, Taiwan)


美索不達米亞

ㄇㄟˇ ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄅㄨˋ ㄉㄚˊ ㄇㄧˇ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄇㄟˇ ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄅㄨˋ ㄉㄚˊ ㄇㄧˇ ㄧㄚˋ

Мэйсобудамия

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹ tä³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/mei̯¹³ sɔːk̚³ pɐt̚⁵ taːt̚² mɐi̯¹³ aː³³/

(historical) Mesopotamia (a geographic region in southwest Asia, spanning from the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, located in modern Iraq, eastern Syria, and southeast Turkey; the site of one of the most ancient civilizations in the history of man)

(historical) Mesopotamia (a former province of the Roman Empire, existing from 116 to 117 AD and again from 198 to 637 AD)


川西

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 川西 (Kawanishi).

obor

(～市) Kawanishi (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


羽生

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 羽生 (Hanyū).

(～市) Hanyū (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


竹原

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 竹原 (Takehara).

(～市) Takehara (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


井原

/t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 井原 (Ibara).

(～市) Ibara (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


玉置

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/jʊk̚² t͡siː³³/

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/jʊk̚² t͡siː³³/

(Can we date this quote?), “心思思 [xīnsīsī]”, performed by 許冠傑:

憂鬱得似玉置浩二

忧郁得似玉置浩二

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 玉置, Tamaki


西脇

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

(～市) Nishiwaki (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


烏孫

/u⁵⁵ su̯ən⁵⁵/

/u⁵⁵ su̯ən⁵⁵/

First attested in the Records of the Grand Historian.


撒馬爾罕

ㄙㄚˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄦˇ ㄏㄢˇ

ㄙㄚˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄦˇ ㄏㄢˇ

/sä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


新月沃土

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄩㄝˋ ㄨㄛˋ ㄊㄨˇ

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄩㄝˋ ㄨㄛˋ ㄊㄨˇ

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ wɔ⁵¹ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ wɔ⁵¹ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Fertile Crescent
Fertile Crescent#English:_Q170526

(historical) Fertile Crescent (a crescent-shaped geographic region of fertile land in the Middle East in Western Asia, stretching from present-day Iraq through eastern Turkey to Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and Palestine)


大灰狼

/tä⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ lɑŋ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² fuːi̯⁵⁵ lɔːŋ²¹/

/tä⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ lɑŋ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² fuːi̯⁵⁵ lɔːŋ²¹/


孟加拉

/mɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/maːŋ²² kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/men⁵⁵ ka²⁴⁻¹¹ la²⁴/

/mɛiŋ²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋa⁵⁵ l̃aʔ⁵/

/biɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ la⁵³/

/biɪŋ³³⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ la⁴¹/

/biɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻²² la⁴⁴/

/biɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ka³³ la³³/

/biɪŋ²²⁻²¹ kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² la⁴⁴/

/mã²² ka⁵⁵ la²¹/

/mɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/maːŋ²² kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/men⁵⁵ ka²⁴⁻¹¹ la²⁴/

/mɛiŋ²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋa⁵⁵ l̃aʔ⁵/

/biɪŋ³³⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ la⁵³/

/biɪŋ³³⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ la⁴¹/

/biɪŋ²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻²² la⁴⁴/

/biɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ka³³ la³³/

/biɪŋ²²⁻²¹ kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² la⁴⁴/

/mã²² ka⁵⁵ la²¹/

Ultimately from Bengali বাংলা (baṅla) via Hokkien.

1824, 尚德 [Walter Henry Medhurst], 咬𠺕吧總論, page 38:

Qiě jìnlái yǒu duō yángchuán, cóng Mèngjiālā, Mèngmǎi jí Mǎdélāsǎ, wǎnglái Bā dì màoyì, qí zài lái báibù, màn bù, jí yàpiàn.

且近來有多洋船，從孟加拉、孟買及馬得拉撒，往來吧地貿易，其載來白布、幔布、及亞片。

且近来有多洋船，从孟加拉、孟买及马得拉撒，往来吧地贸易，其载来白布、幔布、及亚片。

(chiefly Taiwan, Hong Kong, Macau, Singapore, Malaysia) Bangladesh (a country in South Asia)


平安夜

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵ jɛː²²/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴⁻³³ ia³³/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ an⁴⁴⁻³³ ia³³/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵ jɛː²²/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴⁻³³ ia³³/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ an⁴⁴⁻³³ ia³³/

“Christmas Eve” comes from the Christmas carol “Silent Night”, translated as 《平安夜》 by Timothy Tingfang Lew (劉廷芳) in 1933.

1999, 张小娴 [Amy Cheung], “思念会不会是一种习惯”, in 留给情人的蓝雪花, page 58:

When I was young, I never had to worry that I had to celebrate this Christmas Eve alone. When I got into a relationship, Christmas Eve became romantic, but I would also worry that I would have no one with me for Christmas Eve this year.

Niánshào shíhou, cónglái bùyòng dānxīn zhège Píng'ānyè yào yīgerén guò. Yǒu le àiqíng zhīhòu, Píng'ānyè biàn de làngmàn le, kěshì, yě huì dānxīn jīnnián de Píng'ānyè méiyǒu rén péi.

年少時候，從來不用擔心這個平安夜要一個人過。有了愛情之後，平安夜變得浪漫了，可是，也會擔心今年的平安夜沒有人陪。

年少时候，从来不用担心这个平安夜要一个人过。有了爱情之后，平安夜变得浪漫了，可是，也会担心今年的平安夜没有人陪。


川越

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 川越 (Kawagoe).

(～市) Kawagoe (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


大林

/taːi̯²² lɐm²¹/

/tua²²⁻²¹ nã²⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² nã²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ nã¹³/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ nã²⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ nã²³/

/taːi̯²² lɐm²¹/

/tua²²⁻²¹ nã²⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² nã²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ nã¹³/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ nã²⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ nã²³/

(～鎮) Dalin (an urban township in Chiayi County, Taiwan)


柏原

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 柏原 (Kashiwara).

(～市) Kashiwara (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)

(～村) Baiyuan (a village in Dongsong, Luoning, Luoyang, Henan, China)


江原

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/

(～道) Gangwon Province (a province of South Korea)

(～道) Kangwon Province (a province of North Korea)


黃梅

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ muːi̯²¹/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ muːi̯²¹/

(～縣) Huangmei (a county of Huanggang, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Huangmei (a town in Huangmei, Huanggang, Hubei, China)


克利夫蘭

ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄨ ㄌㄢˊ

ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄨ ㄌㄢˊ

/kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ fu⁵⁵ län³⁵/

/kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ fu⁵⁵ län³⁵/


克里夫蘭

ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄈㄨ ㄌㄢˊ

ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄈㄨ ㄌㄢˊ

/kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu⁵⁵ län³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ lei̯¹³ fuː⁵⁵ laːn²¹/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu⁵⁵ län³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ lei̯¹³ fuː⁵⁵ laːn²¹/


莊子

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (莊子):
* → Japanese: 荘(そう)子(し) (Sōshi)
* → Korean: 장자(莊子) (Jangja)
* → Vietnamese: Trang Tử (莊子)

→ Zhuang: Cangqswj

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ʈ͡ʂuɑŋ²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ d͡z̥z̩²/

/ʈ͡ʂuɑŋ²⁴ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡soŋ²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/

/t͡sɔŋ³³ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/t͡soŋ²⁴ t͡sɨ³¹/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡su⁵³/

/t͡sɔŋ³³ t͡sɯ⁵⁵⁴/

Zhuangzi (an influential Chinese philosopher who lived around the 4th century BCE during the Warring States Period)

Zhuangzi (an ancient Chinese collection of anecdotes and fables, one of the foundational texts of Taoism, traditionally attributed to the philosopher)


坂東

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 坂東 (Bandō).

obor

(～市) Bandō (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)


蘇瓦

/su⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sou̯⁵⁵ ŋaː¹³/

/su⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sou̯⁵⁵ ŋaː¹³/


馬納瓜

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹ ku̯ä⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹ ku̯ä⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) Managua (a city, the capital city of Nicaragua)


聖薩爾瓦多

ㄕㄥˋ ㄙㄚˋ ㄦˇ ㄨㄚˇ ㄉㄨㄛ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄙㄚˋ ㄦˇ ㄨㄚˇ ㄉㄨㄛ

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sä⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ saːt̚³ jiː¹³ ŋaː¹³ tɔː⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ saːt̚³ jiː¹³ ŋaː¹³ tɔː⁵⁵/

San Salvador (a city, the capital city of El Salvador)


保羅

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Παῦλος (Paûlos).

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ lɔː²¹/

/pɒ⁴⁵³⁻¹³ lɒ¹³/

/pɒ³³²⁻⁵⁵ lɒ²⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo²⁴/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lo²⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo¹³/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo²⁴/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɤ²³/

/pau⁵²⁻³⁵ lo⁵⁵/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ lɔː²¹/

/pɒ⁴⁵³⁻¹³ lɒ¹³/

/pɒ³³²⁻⁵⁵ lɒ²⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo²⁴/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lo²⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo¹³/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo²⁴/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɤ²³/

/pau⁵²⁻³⁵ lo⁵⁵/


保羅

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ lɔː²¹/

/pɒ⁴⁵³⁻¹³ lɒ¹³/

/pɒ³³²⁻⁵⁵ lɒ²⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo²⁴/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lo²⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo¹³/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo²⁴/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɤ²³/

/pau⁵²⁻³⁵ lo⁵⁵/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ lɔː²¹/

/pɒ⁴⁵³⁻¹³ lɒ¹³/

/pɒ³³²⁻⁵⁵ lɒ²⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo²⁴/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lo²⁴/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo¹³/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lo²⁴/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lɤ²³/

/pau⁵²⁻³⁵ lo⁵⁵/


聖保羅

ㄕㄥˋ ㄅㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄅㄠˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ pou̯³⁵ lɔː²¹/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ pou̯³⁵ lɔː²¹/

São Paulo (a municipality, the state capital of São Paulo, Brazil)

Southeast Region
Southeast Region#English

(～州) São Paulo (a state of the Southeast Region, Brazil)

Saint Paul (a city, the state capital of Minnesota, United States)


聖荷西

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ hɔː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ hɔː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) San José (a city, the capital city of Costa Rica)

(Taiwan) San Jose (a city in California, United States)


波多諾伏

ㄅㄛ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄨˊ

ㄅㄛ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄨˊ

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ fu³⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ fu³⁵/

Porto-Novo (the official capital of Benin)


望角

/wɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɔːŋ²² kɔːk̚³/

/wɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɔːŋ²² kɔːk̚³/

(obsolete) Mongkok; Mong Kok (area in Hong Kong)


紅軍

/xʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² kun³³/

/aŋ¹³⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kun⁴⁴/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/aŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kuŋ³³/

/ɦoŋ²² t͡ɕyn⁴⁴/

/xʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻²² kun³³/

/aŋ¹³⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kun⁴⁴/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/aŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kuŋ³³/

/ɦoŋ²² t͡ɕyn⁴⁴/

2021 May 17, Radio Television Hong Kong, 英超紅軍靠艾利臣絕殺 西甲馬德里雙雄爭標鬥至尾輪 (Liverpool Football Club Created Brinkmate by the Performance of Alisson Ramses Becker in the Premier League, the Two Madrid Soccer Clubs Fought to the End in La Liga):

英超紅軍靠艾利臣絕殺

英超红军靠艾利臣绝杀


大空

/tä⁵¹ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² hʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² hʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大空(おおぞら) (Ōzora).

(～町) Ōzora (a town in Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan)


古山

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～村) Gushan (a village in Shijing, Nan'an, Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


義和團

/i⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ tʰu̯än³⁵/

/jiː²² wɔː²¹ tʰyːn²¹/

/i⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ tʰu̯än³⁵/

/jiː²² wɔː²¹ tʰyːn²¹/

(historical) Boxer (a Chinese anti-imperial and xenophobic rebel of the early 1900s)


歐姆

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɐu̯⁵⁵ mou̯¹³/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɐu̯⁵⁵ mou̯¹³/

Borrowed from German Ohm or English ohm.

A transliteration of the German surname Ohm


齊齊哈爾

desc

→ English: Ch'i-ch'i-ha-erh, Chichihaerh, Qiqiha'er, Qiqihaer

ㄑㄧˊ ㄑㄧˊ ㄏㄚ ㄦˇ

ㄑㄧˊ ㄑㄧˊ ㄏㄚ ㄦˇ

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ xä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ haː⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

/t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ haːi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ xä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ haː⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

/t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰɐi̯²¹ haːi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

(～市) Qiqihar (a prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China)


南昌

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/nam¹¹ t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰyɒŋ⁵³³/

/naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔŋ³³/

/lam²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² t͡sʰiaŋ⁴⁴/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiaŋ³³/

/nø²² t͡sʰɑ̃⁴⁴/

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/nam¹¹ t͡sʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰyɒŋ⁵³³/

/naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰiɔŋ³³/

/lam²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² t͡sʰiaŋ⁴⁴/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiaŋ³³/

/nø²² t͡sʰɑ̃⁴⁴/

Attested in the Book of Han as the name of a county and the seat of Yuzhang Commandery (豫章郡, a commandery in present-day Jiangxi) since no later than 2 CE.

(～市) Nanchang (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Jiangxi, China)

(～縣) Nanchang (a county of Nanchang, Jiangxi, China)

(～村) Nanchang (a village in Wanquan, Honghu, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)


無錫

→ English: Wuhsi, Wu-hsi, Wusih, Wuxi

/mou̯²¹ sɛːk̚³/

/u⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lɛiʔ²⁴/

/bu²⁴⁻²² siaʔ³²/

/bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siaʔ²/

/vu²² ɕiɪʔ⁴⁴/

/mou̯²¹ sɛːk̚³/

/u⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lɛiʔ²⁴/

/bu²⁴⁻²² siaʔ³²/

/bo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siaʔ²/

/vu²² ɕiɪʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Wuxi (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, in eastern China)


常州

→ English: Changzhou, Changchow, Ch'ang-chou

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/zã²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/zã²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Changzhou (a prefecture-level city in southern Jiangsu, China)


台州

/tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tʰe⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tʰe⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

(～市) Taizhou (a prefecture-level city of Zhejiang, China)


南通

English: Nantong, Nan-t'ung, Nantung

/nän³⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lam²⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ³³/

/lam¹³⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰoŋ³³/

/nø²² tʰoŋ⁴⁴/

/nän³⁵ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lam²⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² tʰɔŋ³³/

/lam¹³⁻²² tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ tʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰoŋ³³/

/nø²² tʰoŋ⁴⁴/

(～市) Nantong (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)


貴陽

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (貴陽):
* → Japanese: 貴(き)陽(よう) (Kiyō)
* → Vietnamese: Quý Dương (貴陽)

→ English: Guiyang, Kweiyang, Kuei-yang

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kʷɐi̯³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/ku̯i⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/kui¹¹ ʒoŋ⁵⁵/

/kuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/

/kui⁴² yɒŋ¹³/

/kui⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yøŋ²⁴/

/kui²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ²³/

/kui¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kui²¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kui²¹⁻⁵³ iaŋ¹³/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/kʷɐi̯³³ jœːŋ²¹/

/ku̯i⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/kui¹¹ ʒoŋ⁵⁵/

/kuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ iɔŋ¹¹/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/

/kui⁴² yɒŋ¹³/

/kui⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yøŋ²⁴/

/kui²¹⁻⁴¹ iɔŋ²³/

/kui¹¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kui²¹⁻⁵³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/kui²¹⁻⁵³ iaŋ¹³/

(～市) Guiyang (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Guizhou, in southwestern China)

(～府) (historical) Guiyang (a former commandery of late imperial China)


淮安

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/waːi̯²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/huai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/waːi̯²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/huai⁵³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Huai'an (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)


臨沂

/lɐm²¹ jiː²¹/

/l̃iŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋi⁵³/

/lim²⁴⁻²² ɡi²⁴/

/lim²⁴⁻²² ɡi²⁴/

/lim¹³⁻²² ɡi¹³/

/lim²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡi²⁴/

/lim²³⁻³³ ɡi²³/

/lɐm²¹ jiː²¹/

/l̃iŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋi⁵³/

/lim²⁴⁻²² ɡi²⁴/

/lim²⁴⁻²² ɡi²⁴/

/lim¹³⁻²² ɡi¹³/

/lim²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡi²⁴/

/lim²³⁻³³ ɡi²³/

(～市) Linyi (a prefecture-level city of Shandong, China)


惠州

→ English: Huizhou, Waichow

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Huizhou (a prefecture-level city in southeastern Guangdong, China)


淮北

→ English: Huaibei, Huai-pei

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/waːi̯²¹ pɐk̚⁵/

/huai⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βɔyʔ²⁴/

/ɦua²² poʔ⁴⁴/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/waːi̯²¹ pɐk̚⁵/

/huai⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βɔyʔ²⁴/

/ɦua²² poʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Huaibei (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


坦佩谷

/tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰeɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰeɪ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


色薩利

/sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ sä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

administrative region
administrative region

Thessaly (a historical region and modern administrative region of north-central Greece)


俄勒岡

/ˀɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋɔː²¹ lɐk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋɔː²¹ laːk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋɔː²¹ lɐk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋɔː²¹ laːk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Pacific Northwest
Pacific Northwest#English

(～州) (Mainland China, Hong Kong) Oregon (a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States)


蘇俄

/sou̯⁵⁵ ŋɔː²¹/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡɤ²³/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡo²⁴/

/sou̯⁵⁵ ŋɔː²¹/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡɤ²³/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡo²⁴/

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic


俄英

/ŋɔː¹³ jɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋɔː¹³ jɪŋ⁵⁵/


英俄

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ ŋɔː¹³/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ ŋɔː¹³/


洋山

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Either of two islands of Zhejiang Province, the site of the Yangshan Deepwater Port


五等爵位

ㄨˇ ㄉㄥˇ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄨㄟˋ

ㄨˇ ㄉㄥˇ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄨㄟˋ

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

the five ranks of Chinese aristocracy under the Zhou dynasty (周朝 (Zhōucháo)).


小平

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小平 (Kodaira).


相模原

ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄇㄛˊ ㄩㄢˊ

ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄇㄛˊ ㄩㄢˊ

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sœːŋ³³ mou̯²¹ jyːn²¹/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sœːŋ³³ mou̯²¹ jyːn²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 相模原 (Sagamihara).

(～市) Sagamihara (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


八王子

/pä⁵⁵ wɑŋ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paːt̚³ wɔːŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ wɑŋ³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paːt̚³ wɔːŋ²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八王子 (Hachiōji).


尼崎

/ni³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ni³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 尼崎 (Amagasaki).

(～市) Amagasaki (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


枚方

/meɪ̯³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/meɪ̯³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 枚方 (Hirakata).

(～市) Hirakata (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


高槻

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Takatsuki (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


哥倫布大交換

ㄍㄜ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄐㄧㄠ ㄏㄨㄢˋ

ㄍㄜ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄐㄧㄠ ㄏㄨㄢˋ

Гэлуньбу Да Цзяохуань

/kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ən³⁵ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ xu̯än⁵¹/

the Columbian Exchange; the Grand Exchange


哥倫布

/kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ən³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɵn²¹ pou̯³³/

/kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ən³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɵn²¹ pou̯³³/

From English Columbus, ultimately from Latin.

A transliteration of the English male given name Columbus

A transliteration of the English surname Columbus

Columbus (a city, the state capital of Ohio, United States)


詩篇

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (詩篇):
* → Japanese: 詩篇(しへん) (shihen)
* → Korean: 시편(詩篇) (sipyeon)
* → Vietnamese: Thi Thiên (詩篇)

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ pʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ pʰiːn⁵⁵/

/sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰi̯en²⁴/

/ɬi⁵³³⁻¹¹ pʰɛŋ⁵³³/

/ɬi⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ pʰɛŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/si⁴⁴⁻²² pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/si⁴⁴⁻²² pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/si⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/si⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ pʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ pʰiːn⁵⁵/

/sɨ²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰi̯en²⁴/

/ɬi⁵³³⁻¹¹ pʰɛŋ⁵³³/

/ɬi⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ pʰɛŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/si⁴⁴⁻²² pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/si⁴⁴⁻²² pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/si⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/si⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

詩篇第二十三篇

诗篇第二十三篇

(Protestantism) Psalms (book of the Bible)


漢唐

/xän⁵¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/xän⁵¹ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

the Han and Tang dynasties; Han through Tang dynasties

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (265–420)
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty


隋唐

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵy̯²¹ tʰɔːŋ²¹/

the Sui and Tang dynasties (581–618 and 618–907 respectively)


馬克思

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ hɐk̚⁵ siː⁵⁵/

/ma²⁴ kʰi̯et̚² sɨ²⁴/

/ma³³⁻²¹ ^((kʰ-))ɛiʔ²⁴⁻²¹ sy⁵⁵/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ su⁴⁴/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ su⁴⁴/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ hɐk̚⁵ siː⁵⁵/

/ma²⁴ kʰi̯et̚² sɨ²⁴/

/ma³³⁻²¹ ^((kʰ-))ɛiʔ²⁴⁻²¹ sy⁵⁵/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ su⁴⁴/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ su⁴⁴/

卡爾·馬克思

卡尔·马克思


阿特蘭蒂斯

ㄚ ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄢˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄙ

ㄚ ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄢˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄙ

/ˀä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹ län³⁵ ti⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹ län³⁵ ti⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/


精衛

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ wɐi̯²²/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵ wɐi̯²²/

(Chinese mythology) Jingwei (the daughter of the emperor Yandi who drowned at a young age in the East Sea and assumed the shape of a bird in order to exact revenge upon the sea by filling it up with pebbles)


炎帝

Sino-Xenic (炎帝):
* → Japanese: 炎帝(えんてい) (entei)

/jiːm²¹ tɐi̯³³/

/jiːm²¹ tɐi̯³³/

(Chinese mythology) the Yan Emperor, also known as Shennong, a legendary Chinese ruler in pre-dynastic times


渭河

/weɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/wɐi̯²² hɔː²¹/

/weɪ̯⁵¹ xɤ³⁵/

/wɐi̯²² hɔː²¹/


刑天

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

When Xingtian fought with the Supreme Deity there (the land of people with odd/uneven upper-arms), the Supreme Deity decapitated him and buried his head at Changyang Mountain. [But Xingtian's] nipples became his eyes, his belly button became his mouth and the thrusting of his shield and battle-axe became his dance.

Xíngtiān yǔ dì zhì cǐ (jī gōng zhī guó) zhēng shén, dì duàn qí shǒu, zàng zhī chángyáng zhī shān. Nǎi yǐ rǔ wéi mù, yǐ qí wéi kǒu, cāo gān qī yǐ wǔ.

形天與帝至此（奇肱之國）爭神，帝斷其首，葬之長羊之山。乃以乳為目，以臍為口，操干戚以舞。

形天与帝至此（奇肱之国）争神，帝断其首，葬之长羊之山。乃以乳为目，以脐为口，操干戚以舞。

(Chinese mythology) Xingtian, the deity who fights against the Supreme Divinity and does not give up even after being decapitated


萊昂納多

ㄌㄞˊ ㄤˊ ㄋㄚˋ ㄉㄨㄛ

ㄌㄞˊ ㄤˊ ㄋㄚˋ ㄉㄨㄛ

/laɪ̯³⁵ ˀɑŋ³⁵ nä⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/laɪ̯³⁵ ˀɑŋ³⁵ nä⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the Spanish or Portuguese male given name Leonardo


拉斐爾

/lä⁵⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lä⁵⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

A transliteration of the English male given name Raphael


博弈論

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/

/pɔːk̚³ jɪk̚² lɵn²²/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu̯ən⁵¹/

/pɔːk̚³ jɪk̚² lɵn²²/

Admonition against Gaming (an essay by the 3rd-century scholar Wei Zhao)


形夭

/ɕiŋ³⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵⁵/


形天

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/


太帝

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

(Chinese mythology) the Primordial Divinity


九段沙

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄉㄨㄢˋ ㄕㄚ

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄉㄨㄢˋ ㄕㄚ

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯än⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯än⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

Jiuduansha, a shoal and group of islands in the Yangtze River estuary off Shanghai

Short for the Jiuduansha Wetland Nature Reserve, the national protected area consisting of the Jiuduansha shoals and nearby shallows


赤城

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～縣) Chicheng (a county of Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China)


豬八戒

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ paːt̚³ kaːi̯³³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ pat̚³²⁻⁴ kai²¹/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ pat̚³²⁻⁴ kai¹¹/

/ti⁴⁴⁻²² pat̚³²⁻⁵ kai²¹/

/ti⁴⁴⁻²² pat̚³²⁻⁴ kai²¹/

/tu³³⁻²¹ pat̚³⁻⁴ kai²¹/

/tɯ³³⁻²³ poiʔ²⁻⁴ kai²¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ paːt̚³ kaːi̯³³/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ pat̚³²⁻⁴ kai²¹/

/ti⁴⁴⁻³³ pat̚³²⁻⁴ kai¹¹/

/ti⁴⁴⁻²² pat̚³²⁻⁵ kai²¹/

/ti⁴⁴⁻²² pat̚³²⁻⁴ kai²¹/

/tu³³⁻²¹ pat̚³⁻⁴ kai²¹/

/tɯ³³⁻²³ poiʔ²⁻⁴ kai²¹³/


吳淞

→ English: Woosung, Wusong

District and town named such due to its location at the mouth of the Suzhou Creek.

(～街道) Wusong (a subdistrict of Baoshan district, Shanghai, China)

(historical) (～鎮) Wusong (a former town in the municipality of Shanghai, China)

(～江) Wusong River (a river that passes through the Shanghai city center, also called the Suzhou Creek)


瀏河

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/li̯oʊ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

From its position at the mouth of the stream.

Liuhe, a port community at the mouth of Liu Creek in Taicang, Jiangsu, in China

Liu Creek, the stream separating Liuhe from Shanghai


天蓬元帥

ㄊㄧㄢ ㄆㄥˊ ㄩㄢˊ ㄕㄨㄞˋ

ㄊㄧㄢ ㄆㄥˊ ㄩㄢˊ ㄕㄨㄞˋ

Тяньпэн юаньшуай

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ pʰɤŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ pʰɤŋ³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ ʂu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

Marshal Tianpeng, title held by Zhu Bajie (豬八戒／猪八戒 (Zhū Bājiè)) before he was banished from heaven


聖殿騎士團

ㄕㄥˋ ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄑㄧˊ ㄕˋ ㄊㄨㄢˊ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄉㄧㄢˋ ㄑㄧˊ ㄕˋ ㄊㄨㄢˊ

Шэндянь Циши Туань

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ tʰu̯än³⁵/


孔子學院

ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄗˇ ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄩㄢˋ

ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄗˇ ㄒㄩㄝˊ ㄩㄢˋ

Кунцзы Сюэюань

/kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/hʊŋ³⁵ t͡siː³⁵ hɔːk̚² jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

/kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/hʊŋ³⁵ t͡siː³⁵ hɔːk̚² jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

The University of North Florida, United States, announces the closure of the Confucius Institute.

Měiguó Běi Fóluólǐdá Dàxué xuānbù guānbì Kǒngzǐ Xuéyuàn.

美國北佛羅里達大學宣布關閉孔子學院。

美国北佛罗里达大学宣布关闭孔子学院。


曼哈頓

/män⁵¹ xä⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/maːn²² haː⁵⁵ tɵn²²/

/män⁵¹ xä⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/maːn²² haː⁵⁵ tɵn²²/

Manhattan (a borough and island of New York City, New York, United States)

Manhattan (a city, the county seat of Riley County, Kansas, United States)


萬里

/wän⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ban²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/

/ban⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/

/ban²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/

/ban³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/

/ban³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/

/wän⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ban²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/

/ban⁴¹⁻²² li⁵⁵⁴/

/ban²²⁻²¹ li⁵³/

/ban³³⁻¹¹ li⁵³/

/ban³³⁻²¹ li⁴¹/

From the idiomatic sense of 萬／万 (wàn) as any uncountable or unimaginably large number.

(～區) Wanli (a district of New Taipei City, Taiwan)

(～里) an urban village in Wanli district, New Taipei City, Taiwan


英語圈

/iŋ⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/iŋ⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/


古希臘

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ lä⁵¹/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ lä⁵¹/


印度人

/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/jɐn³³ tou̯²² jɐn²¹/

/in⁵⁵ tʰu⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/

/in⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ⁴¹⁻²² laŋ²⁴/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²⁻²¹ laŋ¹³/

/in¹¹⁻⁵³ tɔ³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/

/in²¹⁻⁴¹ tɔ³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³/

/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/jɐn³³ tou̯²² jɐn²¹/

/in⁵⁵ tʰu⁵⁵ ŋin¹¹/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²⁻²¹ laŋ²⁴/

/in⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ⁴¹⁻²² laŋ²⁴/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ tɔ²²⁻²¹ laŋ¹³/

/in¹¹⁻⁵³ tɔ³³⁻¹¹ laŋ²⁴/

/in²¹⁻⁴¹ tɔ³³⁻²¹ laŋ²³/

† - derogatory/disrespectful/ethnic slur


中沙群島

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄕㄚ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄕㄚ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

Чжунша Цюньдао

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵ kʷʰɐn²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵ kʷʰɐn²¹ tou̯³⁵/

The Zhongsha Islands, a collection of entirely-submerged banks, shoals, and seamounts of disputed sovereignty in the South China Sea


中沙

desc

→ English: Chungsha, Chung-sha, Jhongsha, Zhongsha

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵/

From their position midway between other shoals.

Zhongsha, Chungsha (a collection of areas in the South China Sea, including Macclesfield Bank, Scarborough Shoal and other areas claimed by China (PRC) and Taiwan (ROC); some of these areas are claimed by the Philippines)

Zhongsha, part of Jiuduansha in Shanghai, China


亞里桑那

ㄧㄚˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄙㄤ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄙㄤ ㄋㄚˋ

/jä⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɑŋ⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɑŋ⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/aː³³ lei̯¹³ sɔːŋ⁵⁵ naː¹³/

/jä⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɑŋ⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɑŋ⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/aː³³ lei̯¹³ sɔːŋ⁵⁵ naː¹³/

亞利桑那 亞利桑那#Chinese

亚利桑那 亚利桑那#Chinese

(～州) Alternative name for 亞利桑那／亚利桑那 (Yàlìsāngnà): Arizona (a state of the United States)


土衛七

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/

(astronomy) Hyperion (One of the moons of Saturn)


土衛三

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹ sän⁵⁵/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹ sän⁵⁵/


土衛二

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀɤɻ⁵¹/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀɤɻ⁵¹/


土衛五

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹ u²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


土衛八

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹ pä⁵⁵/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹ pä⁵⁵/


土衛六

ㄊㄨˇ ㄨㄟˋ ㄌㄧㄡˋ

ㄊㄨˇ ㄨㄟˋ ㄌㄧㄡˋ

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰou̯³⁵ wɐi̯²² lʊk̚²/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰou̯³⁵ wɐi̯²² lʊk̚²/


土衛四

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/


寬扎

/kʰu̯än⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂä³⁵/

/kʰu̯än⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂä³⁵/


寬扎節

ㄎㄨㄢ ㄓㄚˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

ㄎㄨㄢ ㄓㄚˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

/kʰu̯än⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂä³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/kʰu̯än⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂä³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/


巴納德

/pä⁵⁵ nä⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ nä⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/


印第安納

ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄢ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄢ ㄋㄚˋ

/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/jɐn³³ tɐi̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵ naːp̚²/

/in⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/jɐn³³ tɐi̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵ naːp̚²/

(～州) Indiana (a state of the United States)


海永

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Haiyong (a town and former township in Haimen district, Nantong in Jiangsu, China; a pene-exclave of Haimen, Jiangsu, originally on the separate island of Yonglongsha but now merged with the northern shore of Chongming Island)


永隆沙

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

Yonglongsha, a former island of the Yangtze River delta in China now merged with Chongming Island (崇明島)


合豐沙

/xɤ³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/xɤ³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(obsolete or historical) synonym of 永隆沙 (Yǒnglóngshā)


永豐沙

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/


長興島

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Changxing Island
Changxing Island#English

Changxing Island (an island of the city of Dalian, China)

Changxing Island (an island of the city of Shanghai, China)


亞伯拉罕

ㄧㄚˋ ㄅㄛˊ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄢˇ

ㄧㄚˇ ㄅㄛˊ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄢˇ

/jä⁵¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵ lä⁵⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵ lä⁵⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ paːk̚³ laːi̯⁵⁵ hɔːn³⁵/

/ŋa⁵⁵ pa²⁴ la⁴² xaŋ²¹/

/a³³⁻⁵⁵ pɛiʔ²⁴⁽⁻²¹⁾ l̃aʔ⁵⁻³³ haŋ³³/

a⁴ beh⁶ lah⁷ hang³ [Phonetic:a⁵ beh⁷ lah⁶ hang³]

/a⁴²⁻¹¹ pɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ laʔ⁴⁻²¹ haŋ⁴⁵³/

/a⁴²⁻²¹ pɛʔ²⁻⁴ laʔ⁴⁻² haŋ³³²/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liap̚⁴⁻³² han⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liap̚⁴⁻³² han⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liap̚⁴⁻³² han⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ la⁴⁴⁻³³ han⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ la⁴⁴⁻³³ han⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ la(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ han⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ la(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ han⁴¹/

/jä⁵¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵ lä⁵⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵ lä⁵⁵ xän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ paːk̚³ laːi̯⁵⁵ hɔːn³⁵/

/ŋa⁵⁵ pa²⁴ la⁴² xaŋ²¹/

/a³³⁻⁵⁵ pɛiʔ²⁴⁽⁻²¹⁾ l̃aʔ⁵⁻³³ haŋ³³/

/a⁴²⁻¹¹ pɛʔ²¹⁻⁴⁵ laʔ⁴⁻²¹ haŋ⁴⁵³/

/a⁴²⁻²¹ pɛʔ²⁻⁴ laʔ⁴⁻² haŋ³³²/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liap̚⁴⁻³² han⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liap̚⁴⁻³² han⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liap̚⁴⁻³² han⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ la⁴⁴⁻³³ han⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ la⁴⁴⁻³³ han⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ la(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ han⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ la(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ han⁴¹/

Borrowed from Biblical Hebrew אַבְרָהָם (Avrahám).

A transliteration of the English, French, or German male given name Abraham


艾奇遜

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ɕyn⁵¹/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ ɕyn⁵¹/

A transliteration of the English surname Acheson


亞當

/jä⁵¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵/

/aː³³ tɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ toŋ²⁴/

/a⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɒŋ⁵³³/

/a⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/jä⁵¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵/

/aː³³ tɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ toŋ²⁴/

/a⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɒŋ⁵³³/

/a⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɒŋ⁵⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

(Christianity) Adam (the first man and the progenitor of the human race).

A transliteration of the English male given name and surname Adam


義烏

→ English: I-wu, Yiwu

/jiː²² wuː⁵⁵/

/ɡi²²⁻²¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/ɡi⁴¹⁻²² ɔ³³/

/ɡi²²⁻²¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/ɡi³³⁻¹¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/ɡi³³⁻²¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/jiː²² wuː⁵⁵/

/ɡi²²⁻²¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/ɡi⁴¹⁻²² ɔ³³/

/ɡi²²⁻²¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/ɡi³³⁻¹¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

/ɡi³³⁻²¹ ɔ⁴⁴/

(～市, formerly ～縣) Yiwu (a county-level city and former county of Jinhua, Zhejiang, China)


阿勒泰

/ˀä⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/aː³³ lɐk̚² tʰaːi̯³³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/aː³³ lɐk̚² tʰaːi̯³³/

Borrowed from Kazakh التاي (Altay). Doublet of 阿爾泰 /阿尔泰 (Ā'ěrtài).

(～地區) Altay (a prefecture of Ili prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～市) Altay (a county-level city of Altay prefecture, Ili prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


江門

→ English: Jiangmen, Kongmoon

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ muːn²¹/

/kɔŋ³³ ᵐbᵘɔn²²/

/køyŋ⁵⁵ muoŋ⁵³/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/kaŋ³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍¹³/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ mən³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ muːn²¹/

/kɔŋ³³ ᵐbᵘɔn²²/

/køyŋ⁵⁵ muoŋ⁵³/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍²⁴/

/kaŋ³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² mŋ̍¹³/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²⁴/

/kaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ mŋ̍²³/

(～市) Jiangmen (a city in Guangdong, China)


撫順

/fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/fuː³⁵ sɵn²²/

/fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/fuː³⁵ sɵn²²/

(～市) Fushun (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


咸陽

→ English: Hsien-yang, Xianyang

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/haːm²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/ɕi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/haːm²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

Xianyang is located at the south of the Jiuzong mountains and north or Wei River. This satisfied both meanings of the character 陽 /阳 (yáng, “south side of mountain or north side of river”) in toponymy.

The high-level officials of Qin said, "Please present a gift to the King of Qin with the fifteen cities of Zhao." Lin Xiangru also said, "Please present a gift to the King of Zhao with Xianyang of Qin." By the end of the banquet, the King of Qin had failed to be more superior to the King of Zhao from beginning to end. Zhao also deployed a large army in order to guard against Qin, so Qin did not dare to act.

Records of the Grand Historian, Volume 81 (21st Biography): Biographies of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru by Sima Qian, 206 BCE – 9 CE

Qín zhī qúnchén yuē: “Qǐng yǐ Zhào shíwǔ chéng wèi Qínwáng shòu.” Lìn Xiàngrú yì yuē: “Qǐng yǐ Qín zhī Xiányáng wèi Zhàowáng shòu.” Qínwáng jìng jiǔ, zhōng bùnéng jiā shèngyú Zhào. Zhào yì shèng shè bīng yǐ dài Qín, Qín bùgǎn dòng.

秦之羣臣曰：“請以趙十五城為秦王壽。”藺相如亦曰：“請以秦之咸陽為趙王壽。”秦王竟酒，終不能加勝於趙。趙亦盛設兵以待秦，秦不敢動。

秦之羣臣曰：“请以赵十五城为秦王寿。”蔺相如亦曰：“请以秦之咸阳为赵王寿。”秦王竟酒，终不能加胜于赵。赵亦盛设兵以待秦，秦不敢动。

(historical) Xianyang (capital of the State of Qin and the Qin dynasty)

(～市) Xianyang (a city in Shaanxi, China)


海門

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ muːn²¹/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ mŋ̍²³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mŋ̍²⁴/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ muŋ⁵⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ muːn²¹/

/hai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ mŋ̍²³/

/hai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mŋ̍²⁴/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ muŋ⁵⁵/

(～區, formerly ～市, ～縣) Haimen (a district of Nantong, Jiangsu, China; a former county-level city and former county of Nantong, Jiangsu, China)

(～鎮) Haimen (a town in Chaoyang district, Shantou, Guangdong, China)


必應

/pi⁵¹⁻⁵³ iŋ⁵¹/

/pi⁵¹⁻⁵³ iŋ⁵¹/

Phono-semantic matching of English Bing, as a clipping of 有求必應／有求必应 (yǒuqiúbìyìng).

zh-l

有求必應／有求必应 (yǒuqiúbìyìng)

(Internet) Bing (a search engine operated by Microsoft)


拉斯海瑪

ㄌㄚ ㄙ ㄏㄞˇ ㄇㄚˇ

ㄌㄚ ㄙ ㄏㄞˇ ㄇㄚˇ

/lä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


木衛一

/mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹/

/mʊk̚² wɐi̯²² jɐt̚⁵/

/mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹/

/mʊk̚² wɐi̯²² jɐt̚⁵/


木衛二

/mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀɤɻ⁵¹/

/mʊk̚² wɐi̯²² jiː²²/

/mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀɤɻ⁵¹/

/mʊk̚² wɐi̯²² jiː²²/


木衛三

/mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹ sän⁵⁵/

/mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹ sän⁵⁵/


木衛四

/mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/

/mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ sz̩⁵¹/


楊樹浦

desc

→ English: Yangshupu, Yangtszepoo, Yangtsze-Poo

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʂu⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～河) Yangshupu Creek (a creek in Yangpu district, Shanghai, China)

(historical) (～區) Yangshupu District (former name of Yangpu District: a district of Shanghai, China)


楊浦

/jɑŋ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰou⁵²/

/jɑŋ³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ĩõ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ pʰou⁵²/

A contraction of the earlier 楊樹浦 /杨树浦 (Yángshùpǔ), named for the 楊樹浦 /杨树浦 (Yángshùpǔ)河 (hé, “Yangshupu Creek”) in the area.

(～區) Yangpu (a district of Shanghai, China)


啟隆

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

A compound of Qidong (its county) and Yonglongsha (the former island on which it was founded)

(～鄉) Qilong Township (a township in Qidong, Nantong in Jiangsu, China; a pene-exclave of Jiangsu province on Chongming Island)


番禺

/pʰän⁵⁵ y³⁵/

/pʰuːn⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/pʰᵘɔn³³ ᵑɡui²²/

/pʰuan⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/

/pʰũã³³⁻²³ ŋo⁵⁵/

/pʰuaŋ³³⁻²³ ŋo⁵⁵/

/pʰän⁵⁵ y³⁵/

/pʰuːn⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/pʰᵘɔn³³ ᵑɡui²²/

/pʰuan⁴⁴⁻²² ɡu²⁴/

/pʰũã³³⁻²³ ŋo⁵⁵/

/pʰuaŋ³³⁻²³ ŋo⁵⁵/

Classic of Mountains and Seas
Records of the Grand Historian

Attested in the Records of the Grand Historian and the Classic of Mountains and Seas.
There are multiple theories attempting to explain the origin of the name:
* There were two mountains in the region, 番山 (“Pan Mountain”) and 禺山 (“Yu Mountain”). 番禺 was formed by combining the first characters of the names of the two mountains.
* From 番山之禺 (“corner of Pan mountain”), with 禺 (yú) being equivalent to 隅 (yú, “corner”).
* From 蕃禺 (“remote place of foreign tribes”), composed of 蕃 (fān, “foreign tribes”) and 禺 (yú) (equivalent to 隅 (yú, “corner; remote place”)).
* Composed of Proto-Tai *ɓaːnꟲ (“village”) and Proto-Tai *klwɯəᴬ (“salt”) (literally "salt village").

(historical) (～縣) Panyu (an ancient county located in modern Guangzhou)

(～區, formerly ～縣, ～市) Panyu (a district, former county, and former county-level city of Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)


東㳍洲

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

(historical) Dongbu or Dongbuzhou Island, a former island in the Yangtze estuary, now part of Qidong's peninsula in Jiangsu


淮揚

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

the prefecture-level cities of Huai'an and Yangzhou in Jiangsu province, China

Huaiyang (a cultural area between the Yangtze and Huai rivers, particularly near the Grand Canal connecting Huai'an and Yangzhou in Jiangsu province, China)


白色情人節

ㄅㄞˊ ㄙㄜˋ ㄑㄧㄥˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

ㄅㄞˊ ㄙㄜˋ ㄑㄧㄥˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

Байсэ Цинжэньцзе

/paɪ̯³⁵ sɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/paːk̚² sɪk̚⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ jɐn²¹ t͡siːt̚³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ sɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/paːk̚² sɪk̚⁵ t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ jɐn²¹ t͡siːt̚³/


防風

/fɑŋ³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/fɔːŋ²¹ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ³³/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/fɑŋ³⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/fɔːŋ²¹ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ³³/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ hɔŋ⁴⁴/


濱海灣

/pin⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ wän⁵⁵/

/pin⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ wän⁵⁵/


日耳曼

/ʐ̩⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ män⁵¹/

/jɐt̚² jiː¹³ maːn²²/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² nĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ban²³/

/zəʔ¹¹ əl²² mø²³/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ män⁵¹/

/jɐt̚² jiː¹³ maːn²²/

/zit̚⁴⁻³² nĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ban²³/

/zəʔ¹¹ əl²² mø²³/

日耳曼尼亞 日耳曼尼亞#Chinese

日耳曼尼亚 日耳曼尼亚#Chinese

(historical) short for 日耳曼尼亞／日耳曼尼亚 (Rì'ěrmànníyà, “Germania”)


顧俊沙

/ku⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕyn⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

/ku⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕyn⁵¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

(historical) Gujunsha, synonym of 西沙 (Xīshā), a former island in the Yangtze delta.


西沙

→ English: Hsisha, Xisha

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵/

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

(～群島) The Paracel Islands, an archipelago in the South China Sea administered by the People's Republic of China

(～區) Xisha (a district of Sansha, Hainan, China)

(～島) (historical) Xisha Island, one of the chief shoals which formed modern Chongming Island in northern Shanghai


啟東

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰɐi̯³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/kʰɐi̯³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Qidong (a county-level city of Nantong, Jiangsu, China)


姚劉沙

/jɑʊ̯³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/jɑʊ̯³⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

From 姚 (yáo) & 劉 /刘 (liú), the surnames of the families who originally settled the island.

Yaoliusha, a former island of the Yangtze estuary, since merged into Chongming Island.


三沙

A single island (not three), variously explained as having formed three times or as having been initially settled by the Zhu (朱), Zhang (張 /张), and Chen (陳 /陈 (chén)) families.

/sän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(historical) Sansha (a former island of the Yangtze estuary now forming part of Chongming Island)


三沙

→ English: Sansha

From its three component areas of 中沙 (Zhōngshā, literally “central sand (Zhongsha)”), 南沙 (Nánshā, literally “south sand (Nansha)”), and 西沙 (Xīshā, literally “west sand (Xisha)”).

zh-l

/sän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

2007, 海南籌建三沙市 爭議海域設轄區 面積約全國1/4

Zhōngguó jiāng zài yǔ dōngméng guójiā yǒu zhǔquán zhēngyì de nánzhōngguóhǎi bùfēn dǎoyǔ jí hǎiyù kuòdà xíngzhèng guǎnxiá qūyù. Jù běn bào dédào de xiāoxī, guówùyuàn yǐ pīzhǔn Hǎinán Xǐng zhèngfǔ de tíyì, jiāng xiànyǒu de Xīshā Qúndǎo bànshìchù shēnggé, shèlì xiànjíshì “Sānshā Shì”, xiàxiá Xīshā, Zhōngshā, Nánshā zhū qúndǎo. Mùqián yǒuguān jiànshì chóubèi gōngzuò zhèngzài jìnxíng. Xiāoxī chēng, wèilái de sānshā shì de hǎiyù fànwéi jiāng yú 200 wàn píngfānggōnglǐ, jiējìn quánguó lùdì miànjī (960 wàn píngfānggōnglǐ) de sì fēn zhī yī.

中國將在與東盟國家有主權爭議的南中國海部分島嶼及海域擴大行政管轄區域。據本報得到的消息，國務院已批准海南省政府的提議，將現有的西沙群島辦事處升格，設立縣級市「三沙市」，下轄西沙、中沙、南沙諸群島。目前有關建市籌備工作正在進行。消息稱，未來的三沙市的海域範圍將逾200萬平方公里，接近全國陸地面積(960萬平方公里)的四分之一。

2007, 海南籌建三沙市 爭議海域設轄區 面積約全國1/4

中国将在与东盟国家有主权争议的南中国海部分岛屿及海域扩大行政管辖区域。据本报得到的消息，国务院已批准海南省政府的提议，将现有的西沙群岛办事处升格，设立县级市「三沙市」，下辖西沙、中沙、南沙诸群岛。目前有关建市筹备工作正在进行。消息称，未来的三沙市的海域范围将逾200万平方公里，接近全国陆地面积(960万平方公里)的四分之一。

(～市) Sansha (a prefecture-level city of Hainan, China, responsible for the administration of the PRC's claims south of Hainan Island in the South China Sea)


三沙

→ English: Sansha

/sän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Sansha (a town in Xiapu, Ningde, Fujian, China)


張蒲沙

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰu³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

Zhangpusha, a former island in the Yangtze estuary now forming part of Chongming Island


馬馱沙

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

Matuosha, a former island in the Yangtze estuary now forming part of Chongming Island


營前沙

/iŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/iŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

Yingqiansha, a former island in the Yangtze estuary now forming part of Chongming Island


崇明島

ㄔㄨㄥˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄔㄨㄥˊ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄠˇ

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ miŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sʊŋ²¹ mɪŋ²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ miŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sʊŋ²¹ mɪŋ²¹ tou̯³⁵/

From an early settlement Chongming on the former island of Xisha, now part of Chongming.

Chongming Island in the Yangtze estuary of China


馬鞍沙

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(historical) Ma'ansha or Maansha, a former island in the Yangtze estuary now part of Chongming Island


陳恩沙

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ³⁵ nən⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ³⁵ nən⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(historical) Chenensha, a former island in the Yangtze estuary now part of Chongming Island


高明沙

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(historical) Gaomingsha, a former island in the Yangtze estuary now part of Chongming Island


袁家沙

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(historical) Yuanjiasha, a former island in the Yangtze estuary now part of Chongming Island


高頭沙

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯² ʂä⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰoʊ̯² ʂä⁵⁵/

(historical) Gaotousha, a former island in the Yangtze estuary now forming part of Chongming Island


響沙

/ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂä⁵⁵/

(historical) Xiangsha, a former island in the Yangtze estuary now forming part of Chongming Island


小陰沙

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

Xiaoyinsha, a former island of the Yangtze estuary now merged into Chongming Island in Shanghai


濰坊

/weɪ̯³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/mi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uoŋ⁵⁵/

/i²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/i²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍³³/

/i¹³⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/i²⁴⁻¹¹ hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/i²³⁻³³ hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/weɪ̯³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/mi⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uoŋ⁵⁵/

/i²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/i²⁴⁻²² hŋ̍³³/

/i¹³⁻²² hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/i²⁴⁻¹¹ hŋ̍⁴⁴/

/i²³⁻³³ hŋ̍⁴⁴/

(～市) Weifang (a city in Shandong, China)


周口

→ English: Zhoukou

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰau⁵³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰau⁴¹/

/t͡sɤ⁵⁵ kʰɤ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ hɐu̯³⁵/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻²² kʰau⁵³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰau⁵³/

/t͡siu⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰau⁴¹/

/t͡sɤ⁵⁵ kʰɤ²¹/

(～市) Zhoukou (a prefecture-level city of Henan, China)


菏澤

/xɤ³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/ho⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɛiʔ⁵/

/ha²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚⁴/

/ha²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚²⁴/

/ha¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚¹²¹/

/ha²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚⁴/

/ha²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚⁴/

/o⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sek̚⁴/

/xɤ³⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/ho⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɛiʔ⁵/

/ha²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚⁴/

/ha²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚²⁴/

/ha¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚¹²¹/

/ha²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚⁴/

/ha²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚⁴/

/o⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sek̚⁴/


濟寧

/t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ niŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐi̯³³ nɪŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹ niŋ³⁵/

/t͡sɐi̯³³ nɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Jining (a prefecture-level city of Shandong, China)


諸城

→ English: Chu-ch'eng, Zhucheng

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Zhucheng (a city in Shandong, China)


阜陽

/fu⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/fɐu̯²² jœːŋ²¹/

/fu⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/pʰɛu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/

/hu²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/hu²²⁻²¹ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hu³³⁻²¹ iɔŋ²³/

/hu³³⁻¹¹ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hu²²⁻²¹ iaŋ¹³/

/vɤ²² ɦiã⁴⁴/

/fu⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/fɐu̯²² jœːŋ²¹/

/fu⁵⁵ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/pʰɛu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ yoŋ⁵³/

/hu²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/hu²²⁻²¹ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hu³³⁻²¹ iɔŋ²³/

/hu³³⁻¹¹ iɔŋ²⁴/

/hu²²⁻²¹ iaŋ¹³/

/vɤ²² ɦiã⁴⁴/

(～市) Fuyang (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


鹽城

/jɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/jiːm²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/sieŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾niaŋ⁵³/

/iam²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/iam²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/iam¹³⁻²² siã¹³/

/iam²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴/

/iam²³⁻³³ siã²³/

/ɦi²² zən⁴⁴/

/jɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/jiːm²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/sieŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾niaŋ⁵³/

/iam²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/iam²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/iam¹³⁻²² siã¹³/

/iam²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴/

/iam²³⁻³³ siã²³/

/ɦi²² zən⁴⁴/

(～市) Yancheng (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)


衡陽

/xɤŋ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

/xɤŋ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ jœːŋ²¹/

Yang (south) of Mount Heng; based on Yin and yang toponymy in which south is associated with yang. Hengyang is situated to the south of Mount Heng.

(～市) Hengyang (a prefecture-level city of Hunan, China)

(～縣) Hengyang (a county of Hengyang, Hunan, China)


滄州

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Cangzhou (a prefecture-level city of Hebei, China)


邢臺

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/hĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰai⁵⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/hĩã⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰai⁵⁵/

(～市) Xingtai (a prefecture-level city of Hebei, China)


邵陽

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/siːu̯²² jœːŋ²¹/

/siou³⁵⁻¹¹ iaŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ jɑŋ³⁵/

/siːu̯²² jœːŋ²¹/

/siou³⁵⁻¹¹ iaŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Shaoyang (a county of Shaoyang, Hunan, China)


南充

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰoŋ³³/

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰoŋ³³/

(～市) Nanchong (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


曲靖

/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/kʰʊk̚⁵ t͡sɪŋ²²/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siɪŋ²²/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siɪŋ²²/

/kʰiɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siɪŋ²²/

/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/

/kʰʊk̚⁵ t͡sɪŋ²²/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siɪŋ²²/

/kʰiɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siɪŋ²²/

/kʰiɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siɪŋ²²/

(～市) Qujing (a prefecture-level city of Yunnan, China)


茂名

/mɑʊ̯⁵¹ miŋ³⁵/

/mɐu̯²² mɪŋ²¹/

/mou³⁵⁻¹¹ mĩã⁵⁵/

/mɑʊ̯⁵¹ miŋ³⁵/

/mɐu̯²² mɪŋ²¹/

/mou³⁵⁻¹¹ mĩã⁵⁵/

Named after Jin (晉) dynasty Taoist scholar and doctor 潘茂名 (Pān Màomíng).

named-after

(～市) Maoming (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)

(～縣) Maoming (a former county of Guangdong, China)


聊城

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/l̃ieu⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾liaŋ⁵³/

/liau²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/

/liau²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi⁴¹/

/liau¹³⁻²² siã¹³⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/

/liau²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi³³/

/liau²³⁻³³ siã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰi³³/

/liɔ²² zən⁴⁴/

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/l̃ieu⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾liaŋ⁵³/

/liau²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/

/liau²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰi⁴¹/

/liau¹³⁻²² siã¹³⁻²² t͡sʰi²²/

/liau²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰi³³/

/liau²³⁻³³ siã²³⁻³³ t͡sʰi³³/

/liɔ²² zən⁴⁴/

(～市) Liaocheng (a prefecture-level city of Shandong, China)


常德

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tiak̚⁵/

/siaŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/zã²² təʔ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚³²/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚³²/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² tiak̚⁵/

/siaŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/zã²² təʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Changde (a prefecture-level city of Hunan, China)


新鄉

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑ̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋyoŋ⁵⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² hiaŋ⁴⁴/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕiã²¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑ̃ɻ⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ hœːŋ⁵⁵/

/siŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋyoŋ⁵⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² hiaŋ⁴⁴/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ɕiã²¹/

(～市) Xinxiang (a prefecture-level city of Henan, China)

(～縣) Xinxiang (a county of Xinxiang City, Henan, China)

(Internet slang) (Calque from English) New York


六安

→ English: Liu'an, Liu-an, Luan, Lu'an

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/lu⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/lʊk̚² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/l̃øyʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² an⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² an³³/

/liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ an⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² an⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² an⁴⁴/

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/lu⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/lʊk̚² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/l̃øyʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² an⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² an³³/

/liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ an⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² an⁴⁴/

/liɔk̚⁴⁻³² an⁴⁴/

(～市) Lu'an (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


泰安

→ English: T'ai-an, Tai'an

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ an⁴⁴/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ an⁴⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ an⁴⁴/

(～鄉) Tai'an, Tai-an, Taian (a mountain indigenous township in Miaoli County, Taiwan)

(～村) Tai'an (a village in Beiwan, Jingyuan, Baiyin, Gansu, China)

(～郡) Taean County (a county of South Korea)


綏化

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ faː³³/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ faː³³/

(～市) Suihua (a prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China)


宿州

/su⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sʊk̚⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/syʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sieu⁵⁵/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/soʔ³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/su⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sʊk̚⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/syʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sieu⁵⁵/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/sɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/soʔ³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Suzhou (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


平頂山

desc

→ English: P'ing-ting-shan, Pingdingshan

ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄕㄢ

ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄧㄥˇ ㄕㄢ

/pʰiŋ³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ tɪŋ³⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾niŋ³³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾naŋ⁵⁵/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ san³³/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ tiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/pʰɪŋ²¹ tɪŋ³⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/piŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾niŋ³³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾naŋ⁵⁵/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ san³³/

/piɪŋ¹³⁻²² tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

/piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tiɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ san⁴⁴/

(～市) Pingdingshan (a prefecture-level city of Henan, China)


亳州

→ English: Bozhou, Po-chou

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɔːk̚³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/pɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/pɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡siu³³/

/pɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/pɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/pɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/boʔ¹¹ t͡sɤ²³/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɔːk̚³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/pɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/pɔk̚²⁴⁻² t͡siu³³/

/pɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/pɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/pɔk̚⁴⁻³² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/boʔ¹¹ t͡sɤ²³/

(～市) Bozhou (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


漳州

ja-r

漳州(しょうしゅう) (Shōshū)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (漳州):
* → Japanese: 漳州(しょうしゅう) (Shōshū)
* → Korean: 장주(漳州) (Jangju)
* → Vietnamese: Chương Châu (漳州)

desc

→ English: Zhangzhou, Chang-chou, Changchow, Chang-chow, Changchew, Chiangchew, Tsiang-tsiu

→ Dutch: Zhangzhou, Tsiang-tsiu

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/t͡syɒŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁵³³/

/t͡syøŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²¹ t͡siu³³/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siu³³/

/t͡sɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡soŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡su²⁴/

/t͡sɔŋ⁴⁴ t͡su⁴⁴/

/t͡syɒŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁵³³/

/t͡syøŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ t͡siu⁵⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²¹ t͡siu³³/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siɔ̃⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡siaŋ³³⁻²³ t͡siu³³/

/t͡sɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

(～市) Zhangzhou (a prefecture-level city of Fujian, China)

(historical) Zhang Prefecture (a former prefecture of Fujian, China)


桂林

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (桂林):
* → Japanese: 桂林(けいりん) (Keirin)
* → Korean: 계림(桂林) (Gyerim)
* → Vietnamese: Quế Lâm (桂林)

→ English: Guilin, Kuei-lin, Kweilin

→ Georgian: კუეილინი (ḳueilini)

→ Korean: 구이린 (Gu'irin)

→ Zhuang: Gveilinz

/kʷɐi̯³³ lɐm²¹/

/kuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ lim¹¹/

/kui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lim²⁴/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ lim⁵⁵/

/kʷɐi̯³³ lɐm²¹/

/kuɪ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ lim¹¹/

/kui⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lim²⁴/

/kui²¹³⁻⁵⁵ lim⁵⁵/

(～市) Guilin (a city in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)

(historical) (～郡) Guilin (an ancient commandery in modern Guangxi autonomous region, China)


宿遷

→ English: Su-ch'ien, Suqian, Sutsien

/su⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/sʊk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵/

/syʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰieŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sʰiɛn³³/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/soʔ³³ t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/

/su⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/sʊk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːn⁵⁵/

/syʔ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰieŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ t͡sʰiɛn³³/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁵ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɔk̚³²⁻⁴ t͡sʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/soʔ³³ t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/

(～市) Suqian (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)


泰州

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siu³³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰa³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siu³³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tʰa³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/


宜賓

→ English: I-pin, Yibin, Yipin

/jiː²¹ pɐn⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ pɐn⁵⁵/


連雲港

ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄩㄣˊ ㄍㄤˇ

ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄩㄣˊ ㄍㄤˇ

/li̯ɛn³⁵ yn³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/liːn²¹ wɐn²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/l̃ieŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyŋ³³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² hun²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² hun²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/liɛn¹³⁻²² hun¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ hun²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁵³/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ hun²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

/li²² ɦyn⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ yn³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/liːn²¹ wɐn²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/l̃ieŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyŋ³³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² hun²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻²² hun²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/liɛn¹³⁻²² hun¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁵³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ hun²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁵³/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ hun²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹/

/li²² ɦyn⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

(～市) Lianyungang (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)


三藩市

/sän⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ fän³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ɬam³³ fan²² si²¹⁻²¹⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ fän³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ɬam³³ fan²² si²¹⁻²¹⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of English San Francisco.

psm

(～, formerly ～埠) (especially Cantonese) San Francisco (a city in California, United States)


廊坊

/lɑŋ³⁵ fɑŋ³⁵/

/lɑŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːŋ²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/lɑŋ³⁵ fɑŋ³⁵/

/lɑŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔːŋ²¹ fɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Langfang (a prefecture-level city of Hebei, China)


赤峰

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɛːk̚³ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɛːk̚³ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

Calque of Mongolian ᠤᠯᠠᠭᠠᠨᠬᠠᠳᠠ (ulaɣanqada).

calque

(～市) Chifeng (a prefecture-level city of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


臨汾

→ English: Linfen, Lin-fen

/lɐm²¹ fɐn²¹/

/lɐm²¹ fɐn²¹/

(～市) Linfen (a prefecture-level city of Shanxi, China)


滁州

→ English: Ch'u-chou, Chuzhou

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰyː²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tu²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/tu¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tu²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/zz̩²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰyː²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tu²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/tu¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/tu²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/zz̩²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Chuzhou (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


肇慶

desc

→ English: Chaoching, Chao-ch'ing, Chaoking, Shiuhing, Zhaoqing

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/

/siːu̯²² hɪŋ³³/

/tiau²²⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/tiau⁴¹⁻²² kʰiɪŋ⁴¹/

/tiau²²⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/tiau³³⁻¹¹ kʰiɪŋ¹¹/

/tiau³³⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/zɔ²² t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵¹/

/siːu̯²² hɪŋ³³/

/tiau²²⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/tiau⁴¹⁻²² kʰiɪŋ⁴¹/

/tiau²²⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/tiau³³⁻¹¹ kʰiɪŋ¹¹/

/tiau³³⁻²¹ kʰiɪŋ²¹/

/zɔ²² t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴/

(～市) Zhaoqing (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)


株洲

→ English: Chu-chou, Chuchow, Zhuzhou

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Zhuzhou (a prefecture-level city of Hunan, China)


柳州

→ English: Liuzhou, Liu-chou, Liuchow

→ Zhuang: Liujcouh

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lɐu̯¹³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/liu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lɐu̯¹³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/liu⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siu³³/

(～市) Liuzhou (a prefecture-level city in north-central Guangxi autonomous region, China)


濱州

/pin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/pin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Binzhou (a city in Shandong, China)


棗莊

→ English: Tsao-chuang, Zaozhuang

/t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sou̯³⁵ t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡so⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sŋ̍³³/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡sɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡sɔ³³ t͡sɑ̃⁴⁴/

/t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sou̯³⁵ t͡sɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡so⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sŋ̍³³/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡so⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡sɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sŋ̍⁴⁴/

/t͡sɔ³³ t͡sɑ̃⁴⁴/

(～市) Zaozhuang (a prefecture-level city of Shandong, China)


內江

/neɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/neɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Neijiang (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


焦作

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sɔːk̚³/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ t͡soʔ²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sɔːk̚³/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡siau⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sɔk̚³²/

/t͡ɕiɔ⁵⁵ t͡soʔ²¹/

(～市) Jiaozuo (a prefecture-level city of Henan, China)


蕪湖

→ English: Wuhu

/u⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u⁵³/

/bu²⁴⁻²² ɔ²⁴/

/u⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u⁵³/

/bu²⁴⁻²² ɔ²⁴/

(～市) Wuhu (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


玉林

/jʊk̚² lɐm²¹/

/ŋyʔ⁵⁻³³ l̃iŋ⁵³/

/kœʔ⁴⁻²¹ liŋ¹³/

/kyøʔ⁴⁻² liŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² lim²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² lim²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ lim¹³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² lim²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² lim²³/

/ɡek̚⁴⁻² lim⁵⁵/

/jʊk̚² lɐm²¹/

/ŋyʔ⁵⁻³³ l̃iŋ⁵³/

/kœʔ⁴⁻²¹ liŋ¹³/

/kyøʔ⁴⁻² liŋ²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² lim²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚²⁴⁻² lim²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ lim¹³/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² lim²⁴/

/ɡiɔk̚⁴⁻³² lim²³/

/ɡek̚⁴⁻² lim⁵⁵/

From its original name 鬱林, which is homophonous with 玉林 in Mandarin but not in the local Yue dialect.
In numerous texts from the Qing dynasty and the Republic of China era, 鬱林 was written as 玉林, presumably because the character 鬱 is relatively more complex. The official name change from 鬱林 to 玉林 took place in April 1956.
Note a similar name change did not take place for Yunan (鬱南) county in Guangdong.

(～市) Yulin (a city in the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


巴中

→ English: Bazhong, Pa-chung

/pä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Bazhong (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)