蚌埠

/pɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/pɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/

/pʰɔːŋ¹³ fɐu̯²²/

/pʰouŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾muɔ²⁴²/

/paŋ²²⁻²¹ po²²/

/paŋ⁴¹⁻²² po⁴¹/

/paŋ²²⁻²¹ po²²/

/paŋ³³⁻¹¹ po³³/

/paŋ³³⁻²¹ pɤ³³/

/pɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/pɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/

/pʰɔːŋ¹³ fɐu̯²²/

/pʰouŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾muɔ²⁴²/

/paŋ²²⁻²¹ po²²/

/paŋ⁴¹⁻²² po⁴¹/

/paŋ²²⁻²¹ po²²/

/paŋ³³⁻¹¹ po³³/

/paŋ³³⁻²¹ pɤ³³/

(～市) Bengbu (a prefecture-level city of Anhui, China)


錦州

/t͡ɕin²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɐm³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kɐm³⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Jinzhou (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


鎮江

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tiŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/tin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/tin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tin¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tin²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/

/t͡sən³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐn³³ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tiŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋouŋ⁵⁵/

/tin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kaŋ³³/

/tin²¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tin¹¹⁻⁵³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tin²¹⁻⁴¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiŋ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kaŋ³³/

/t͡sən³³ kɑ̃⁴⁴/

(～市) Zhenjiang (a prefecture-level city of Jiangsu, China)


秦皇島

→ English: Qinhuangdao

ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄠˇ

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ wɔːŋ²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/t͡sin²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² to⁵³/

/t͡sin²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² to⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sin¹³⁻²² hɔŋ¹³⁻²² to⁵³/

/t͡sin²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ to⁵³/

/t͡sin²³⁻³³ hɔŋ²³⁻³³ tɤ⁴¹/

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ wɔːŋ²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/t͡sin²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² to⁵³/

/t͡sin²⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² to⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡sin¹³⁻²² hɔŋ¹³⁻²² to⁵³/

/t͡sin²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ to⁵³/

/t͡sin²³⁻³³ hɔŋ²³⁻³³ tɤ⁴¹/

(～市) Qinhuangdao (a prefecture-level city of Hebei, China)


威海

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ui⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ai³³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ui⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ai³³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻²² hai⁵³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁵³/

/ui⁴⁴⁻³³ hai⁴¹/

(～市) Weihai (a prefecture-level city of Shandong, China)


日照

→ English: Jih-chao, Rizhao

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐt̚² t͡siːu̯³³/

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/jɐt̚² t͡siːu̯³³/


牡丹江

→ English: Mudanjiang, Mu-tan-chiang

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mu²¹⁴ d̥än⁴ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/maːu̯¹³ taːn⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tan³³ kaŋ³³/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mu²¹⁴ d̥än⁴ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/maːu̯¹³ taːn⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tan³³ kaŋ³³/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/bɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tan⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

牡丹 (mǔdān) is a phono-semantic matching of Manchu ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ (mudan, “bend”), in the Manchu name for the river ᠮᡠᡩᠠᠨ
ᡠᠯᠠ (mudan ula, “river of bends”).

psm

(～市) Mudanjiang (a prefecture-level city of Heilongjiang, China)


莆田

→ English: Putian, Putien, P'u-t'ien

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/pʰu¹¹ tʰiɛn¹¹/

/puo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieŋ⁵³/

/pʰɔu¹³⁻¹¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))lɛŋ¹³/

/pʰɔu²⁴⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))lɛŋ²⁴/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰan²³/

/pʰɔ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰan¹³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/pʰu¹¹ tʰiɛn¹¹/

/puo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lieŋ⁵³/

/pʰɔu¹³⁻¹¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))lɛŋ¹³/

/pʰɔu²⁴⁻²¹ ^((t͡sʰ-))lɛŋ²⁴/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰɔ²³⁻³³ t͡sʰan²³/

/pʰɔ¹³⁻²² t͡sʰan¹³/

/pʰɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pɔ²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰan²⁴/

/pʰu⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Putian (a prefecture-level city of Fujian, China)

(～縣) (historical) Putian (a former county of Fujian, China)

(～地區) (historical) Putian (a former prefecture of Fujian, China)


湘潭

desc

→ English: Hsiang-t'an, Siangtan, Xiangtan

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ tʰaːm²¹/

/siaŋ³³⁻²³ tʰam⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ tʰaːm²¹/

/siaŋ³³⁻²³ tʰam⁵⁵/


鐵嶺

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Originally a Korean place name located in present-day Hamgyong and Gangwon provinces of North Korea. The city was moved from there to present-day Tieling to continue its function as a military fort after the territory was lost.

(～市) Tieling (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


自貢

→ English: Zigong

/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʊŋ⁵¹/

/t͡siː²² kʊŋ³³/

/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ouŋ²¹³/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ kɔŋ²¹/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻²² kɔŋ⁴¹/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ kɔŋ²¹/

/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ kɔŋ¹¹/

/t͡su³³⁻²¹ kɔŋ²¹/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʊŋ⁵¹/

/t͡siː²² kʊŋ³³/

/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ouŋ²¹³/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ kɔŋ²¹/

/t͡su⁴¹⁻²² kɔŋ⁴¹/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ kɔŋ²¹/

/t͡su³³⁻¹¹ kɔŋ¹¹/

/t͡su³³⁻²¹ kɔŋ²¹/

(～市) Zigong (a prefecture-level city of Sichuan, China)


南平

/nän³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾miŋ⁵³/

/naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ piŋ¹³/

/naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ piŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² piɪŋ¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ piɪŋ²³/

/nän³⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾miŋ⁵³/

/naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ piŋ¹³/

/naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ piŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² piɪŋ¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ piɪŋ²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ piɪŋ²³/

(～市) Nanping (a prefecture-level city of Fujian, China)

synonym of 荆南 (Jīngnán, “Jingnan, one of the Ten Kingdoms of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period”)

荆南

(～鎮) Nanping (a town in Gong'an, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)


葫蘆島

→ English: Huludao, Hulutao, Hu-lu-tao

/xu³⁵ lu³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu³⁵ lu³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Huludao (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


丹東

→ English: Dandong, Tantung, Tan-tung

/tän⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːn⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tän⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːn⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

Renamed 丹東 (literally "red east") from the similarly pronounced 安東／安东 (Āndōng, literally “to pacify the east”) in 1965 because it was considered “not friendly” to North Korea, which is on the east of China.

zh-l

(～市) Dandong (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)


黃石

→ English: Huangshi, Hwangshih

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/uoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nuoʔ⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³⁻¹¹ ^((ɬ-))ŋieu¹³/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²¹ ^((ɬ-))ŋieu²⁴/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ⁴/

/ŋ̍³³ t͡sioʔ²⁴/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/ɦuɑ̃²² zaʔ⁴⁴/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ sɛːk̚²/

/uoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nuoʔ⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³⁻¹¹ ^((ɬ-))ŋieu¹³/

/ŋ̍²⁴⁻²¹ ^((ɬ-))ŋieu²⁴/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ⁴/

/ŋ̍³³ t͡sioʔ²⁴/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sioʔ¹²¹/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sioʔ⁴/

/ŋ̍⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɤʔ⁴/

/ɦuɑ̃²² zaʔ⁴⁴/

(～市) Huangshi (a prefecture-level city of Hubei, China)

(～街道) Huangshi Subdistrict (a subdistrict in Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)

(～鎮) Huangshi (a town in Licheng district, Putian, Fujian, China)

Wong Shek (an area in Tai Po District on the Sai Kung Peninsula in Hong Kong)

國家公園 國家公園#Chinese


營口

→ English: Ying-k'ou, Yingkou, Yingkow

/iŋ³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɪŋ²¹ hɐu̯³⁵/

/iŋ³⁵ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɪŋ²¹ hɐu̯³⁵/

(～市) Yingkou (a prefecture-level city of Liaoning, China)

(～村) Yingkou (a village in Dongjin, Xiangzhou district, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)


臘肉

Referring to Mao's preserved corpse in the Mausoleum of Mao Zedong.

/lä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐoʊ̯⁵¹/

/la(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ baʔ³²/

/la(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ baʔ³²/

/lä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐoʊ̯⁵¹/

/la(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ baʔ³²/

/la(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ baʔ³²/

(Internet slang, humorous, derogatory, sarcastic) Mao Zedong or his corpse


薩哈共和國

ㄙㄚˋ ㄏㄚ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄙㄚˋ ㄏㄚ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Саха Гунхэго

/sä⁵¹ xä⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/saːt̚³ haː⁵⁵ kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/sä⁵¹ xä⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/saːt̚³ haː⁵⁵ kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

Sakha Republic
Sakha Republic#English:_Q6605

Sakha Republic (a republic and federal subject of eastern Russia)


阿貝

/ˀä⁵⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹/


鮑德溫

/pɑʊ̯⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ wən⁵⁵/

/pɑʊ̯⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ wən⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the English surname Baldwin


艾爾弗雷德

ㄞˋ ㄦˇ ㄈㄨˊ ㄌㄟˊ ㄉㄜˊ

ㄞˋ ㄦˇ ㄈㄨˊ ㄌㄟˊ ㄉㄜˊ

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵ leɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵ leɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

A transliteration of the English male given name Alfred


艾爾索普

ㄞˋ ㄦˇ ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄆㄨˇ

ㄞˋ ㄦˇ ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄆㄨˇ

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


亞歷山大

ㄧㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄕㄢ ㄉㄚˋ

ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄕㄢ ㄉㄚˋ

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ tä⁵¹/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ tä⁵¹/

/aː³³ lɪk̚² saːn⁵⁵ taːi̯²²/

/a³³⁻²¹ l̃iʔ⁵⁽⁻²¹⁾ saŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nɑi²⁴²/

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ tä⁵¹/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ tä⁵¹/

/aː³³ lɪk̚² saːn⁵⁵ taːi̯²²/

/a³³⁻²¹ l̃iʔ⁵⁽⁻²¹⁾ saŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nɑi²⁴²/

Borrowed from English Alexander, or Latin Alexander. Ultimately from Ancient Greek Ἀλέξανδρος (Aléxandros). Cognate of 烏弋山離 (OC *qaː lɯɡ sreːn rel).

亚历山大
亞力山大
阿歷山大
阿力山大


安東尼

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵ ni³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵ nei̯²¹/

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵ ni³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵ nei̯²¹/

A transliteration of the English male given name Anthony or Antony

A transliteration of the Dutch male given name Anthonie


鴉片戰爭

ㄧㄚ ㄆㄧㄢˋ ㄓㄢˋ ㄓㄥ

ㄧㄚ ㄆㄧㄢˋ ㄓㄢˋ ㄓㄥ

Япянь Чжаньчжэн

/jä⁵⁵ pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/aː⁵⁵ pʰiːn³³ t͡siːn³³ t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/

/jä⁵⁵ pʰi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/aː⁵⁵ pʰiːn³³ t͡siːn³³ t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵/


印州

/in⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/in⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/


海衛一

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹/


立山

/li⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/


南沙

→ English: Nansha

/nän³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

南沙群島 南沙群島#Chinese

南沙群岛 南沙群岛#Chinese

short for 南沙群島／南沙群岛 (Nánshā Qúndǎo, “Spratly Islands”)

(～區) Nansha (a district of Sansha, Hainan, China)

(～區) Nansha (a district and state-level new area in Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)

(～街道) Nansha (a subdistrict of Nansha district, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)

(～鎮) Nansha (a town in Yuanyang, Honghe prefecture, Yunnan, China)


保生大帝

ㄅㄠˇ ㄕㄥ ㄉㄚˋ ㄉㄧˋ

ㄅㄠˇ ㄕㄥ ㄉㄚˋ ㄉㄧˋ

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/pou̯³⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵ taːi̯²² tɐi̯³³/

/po³¹ sen²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ ti⁵⁵/

/po³¹ sen²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ tʰi⁵⁵/

/po³³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lɛiŋ⁵⁵ tai²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɑ²¹³/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³⁻¹¹ te¹¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tai²²⁻²¹ te²¹/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³⁻²¹ te²¹/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sŋ̍³³ tai⁴¹⁻²² te⁴¹/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/pou̯³⁵ sɐŋ⁵⁵ taːi̯²² tɐi̯³³/

/po³¹ sen²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ ti⁵⁵/

/po³¹ sen²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ tʰi⁵⁵/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³⁻¹¹ te¹¹/

/po⁵³⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tai²²⁻²¹ te²¹/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tai³³⁻²¹ te²¹/

/po⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sŋ̍³³ tai⁴¹⁻²² te⁴¹/

(Chinese mythology) Baosheng Dadi, a Chinese god of medicine worshiped in Chinese folk religion and Taoism most popularly in Fujian and Taiwan


大道公

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² tou̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tai²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lo²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ to³³⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ to²²⁻²¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ tɤ³³⁻²¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑʊ̯⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² tou̯²² kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tai²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lo²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ to³³⁻¹¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ to²²⁻²¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ tɤ³³⁻²¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴/


吳真人

/u³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/ŋ̍²¹ t͡sɐn⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

/u³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/ŋ̍²¹ t͡sɐn⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/


花橋公

ㄏㄨㄚ ㄑㄧㄠˊ ㄍㄨㄥ

ㄏㄨㄚ ㄑㄧㄠˊ ㄍㄨㄥ

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hua⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾yo⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hua⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾yo⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uŋ⁵⁵/


辭海

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰiː²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵/

Cihai (large-scale dictionary and encyclopedia of Standard Mandarin Chinese)


英吉利

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (英吉利):
* → Vietnamese: Anh Cát Lợi (英吉利)

Japanese: 英(イ)吉(ギ)利(リス) (Igirisu)

/iŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ li⁵¹/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵ lei̯²²/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ li²²/

/iɪŋ³³ kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ li⁴¹/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ li²²/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ li³³/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ li³³/

/in⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɪʔ³³ li²¹/

/iŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ li⁵¹/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵ lei̯²²/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ li²²/

/iɪŋ³³ kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ li⁴¹/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ li²²/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ li³³/

/iɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ li³³/

/in⁵⁵ t͡ɕiɪʔ³³ li²¹/

Phono-semantic matching from a word in a European language meaning English. Compare English English (adjective), Portuguese inglês (“English”, adjective), Japanese イギリス (Igirisu, “UK; Britain; England”).

cog

𠸄咭唎
𠸄咭㴝
𠸄咕唎
英圭黎
英機黎
𤠉狤猁

The Emperor, by the Grace of Heaven, issues the imperial edict to the King of England: […]

fèngtiānchéngyùn huángdì chìyù Yīngjílì guówáng zhīxī

奉天承運皇帝勅諭𠸄咭唎國王知悉

奉天承运皇帝勅谕𠸄咭唎国王知悉

(dated) Alternative name for 英格蘭／英格兰 (Yīnggélán).: England (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


青天

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ tʰiɛn³³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ tʰĩ³³/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ tʰiɛn³³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ tʰĩ³³/

(～村) Qingtian (a village in Muyu, Shennongjia, Hubei, China)


南冰洋

/nän³⁵ piŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pɪŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

nang² bing¹ yorng² [Phonetic:nang⁵ bing⁵ ngyorng²]

/naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ piŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ^((Ø-))ŋyɒŋ¹³/

nang² bing¹ yoeng² [Phonetic:nang⁵ bing⁵ ngyoeng²]

/naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ piŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋyøŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ²³/

/nän³⁵ piŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pɪŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/naŋ¹³⁻¹¹ piŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ^((Ø-))ŋyɒŋ¹³/

/naŋ²⁴⁻²¹ piŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋyøŋ²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ piɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iũ²³/

the Southern Icy Ocean; the Southern Ocean; the Antarctic Ocean


德里

/tɤ³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɤ³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Delhi (a megacity and union territory of India, containing the national capital New Delhi)


阿比西尼亞

ㄚ ㄅㄧˇ ㄒㄧ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄚ ㄅㄧˇ ㄒㄧ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˇ

/ˀä⁵⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ pei̯³⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ aː³³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si⁴⁴⁻²² nĩ²⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/a³³ pi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ si³³ nĩ²⁴⁻²² a³³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si⁴⁴⁻²² nĩ¹³⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si⁴⁴⁻³³ nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ pi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ si⁴⁴⁻³³ nĩ²³⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ pei̯³⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ aː³³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si⁴⁴⁻²² nĩ²⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/a³³ pi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ si³³ nĩ²⁴⁻²² a³³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si⁴⁴⁻²² nĩ¹³⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ si⁴⁴⁻³³ nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ pi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ si⁴⁴⁻³³ nĩ²³⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

(historical) Abyssinia (former name of Ethiopia: a country and former empire in East Africa; used as an exonym until the mid 20th century)


石器時代

ㄕˊ ㄑㄧˋ ㄕˊ ㄉㄞˋ

ㄕˊ ㄑㄧˋ ㄕˊ ㄉㄞˋ

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɛːk̚² hei̯³³ siː²¹ tɔːi̯²²/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kʰi²¹⁻⁵³ si²⁴⁻²² tai²²/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² kʰi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ si²⁴⁻²² tai⁴¹/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰi²¹⁻⁵³ si¹³⁻²² tai²²/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ kʰi¹¹⁻⁵³ si²⁴⁻¹¹ tai³³/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kʰi²¹⁻⁴¹ si²³⁻³³ tai³³/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɛːk̚² hei̯³³ siː²¹ tɔːi̯²²/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kʰi²¹⁻⁵³ si²⁴⁻²² tai²²/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² kʰi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ si²⁴⁻²² tai⁴¹/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰi²¹⁻⁵³ si¹³⁻²² tai²²/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ kʰi¹¹⁻⁵³ si²⁴⁻¹¹ tai³³/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kʰi²¹⁻⁴¹ si²³⁻³³ tai³³/

(archaeology or figuratively) the Stone Age


諾曼底

ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄇㄢˋ ㄉㄧˇ

ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄇㄢˋ ㄉㄧˇ

/nu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ män⁵¹ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ män⁵¹ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

administrative region
administrative region

(Mainland China) Normandy (an administrative region, historical province, and medieval kingdom in northwest France, on the English Channel)


安德魯

/ˀän⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵ lou̯¹³/

/ˀän⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵ lou̯¹³/

A transliteration of the English male given name Andrew


亞當斯

/jä⁵¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/jä⁵¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the English surname Adams


油車

/joʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/iu²³⁻³³ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/iu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/iu¹³⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/iu²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/joʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/iu²³⁻³³ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/iu²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/iu¹³⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

/iu²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰia⁴⁴/

(～里) an urban village in Tamsui district, New Taipei City, Taiwan


雷克斯

/leɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/lɵy̯²¹ hɐk̚⁵ siː⁵⁵/

/leɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/lɵy̯²¹ hɐk̚⁵ siː⁵⁵/


珊瑚島

/ʂän⁵⁵ xu³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂän⁵⁵ xu³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Pattle Island (an island in the Paracel Islands)


默西亞

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐk̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/biɪk̚⁴⁻³² se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐk̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/biɪk̚⁴⁻³² se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/


彌賽亞

/mi³⁵ saɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/mi³⁵ saɪ̯⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nei̯²¹ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ aː³³/

/mei̯²¹ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ aː³³/

/pi¹³⁻¹¹ ɬø⁴²⁻⁵⁵ a⁴²/

/pi²⁴⁻²¹ ɬø⁴²⁻⁵⁵ a⁴²/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ a⁴⁴/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai¹¹⁻⁵³ a⁴⁴/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁴¹ a⁴⁴/

/mĩ²³⁻³³ sai²¹⁻⁴¹ a⁴⁴/

/mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ sai¹¹⁻⁵³ a⁴⁴/

/mi³⁵ saɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/mi³⁵ saɪ̯⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nei̯²¹ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ aː³³/

/mei̯²¹ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ aː³³/

/pi¹³⁻¹¹ ɬø⁴²⁻⁵⁵ a⁴²/

/pi²⁴⁻²¹ ɬø⁴²⁻⁵⁵ a⁴²/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ a⁴⁴/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai¹¹⁻⁵³ a⁴⁴/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁴¹ a⁴⁴/

/mĩ²³⁻³³ sai²¹⁻⁴¹ a⁴⁴/

/mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ sai¹¹⁻⁵³ a⁴⁴/

(Christianity, chiefly Protestantism) Messiah (Jesus)


比特幣

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi⁵¹/

/pei̯³⁵ tɐk̚² pɐi̯²²/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi⁵¹/

/pei̯³⁵ tɐk̚² pɐi̯²²/


伊甸園

/i⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/i²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰi̯en⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/

/i⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn²³⁻³³ hŋ̍²³/

/i⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ hŋ̍²⁴/

/i⁵⁵ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/i²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰi̯en⁵⁵ i̯en¹¹/

/i⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn²³⁻³³ hŋ̍²³/

/i⁴⁴⁻³³ tiɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ hŋ̍²⁴/


珊瑚海

/ʂän⁵⁵ xu³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saːn⁵⁵ wuː²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ xu³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/saːn⁵⁵ wuː²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵/


原宿

/ɥɛn³⁵ su⁵¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ su⁵¹/

1985, 許冠傑 [Sam Hui], “日本娃娃”performed by 許冠傑 [Sam Hui]:

I'll live in Harajuku and open up a sushi bar

sat⁶ hang⁴ zyu⁶ jyun⁴ suk¹ hoi¹ gaan¹ Sushi Bar

實行住原宿開間Sushi Bar

实行住原宿开间Sushi Bar

Harajuku (a neighborhood of Shibuya, Tokyo)


高石

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 高石 (Takaishi).

obor

(～市) Takaishi (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


石獅

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² siː⁵⁵/

/suoʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lai⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/sɛːk̚² siː⁵⁵/

/suoʔ⁵⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lai⁵⁵/

(～市) Shishi (a county-level city of Quanzhou, Fujian, China)


妙高

/mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/mi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 妙高 (Myōkō).

(～市) Myōkō (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


蘇活

/su⁵⁵ xu̯ɔ³⁵/

/su⁵⁵ xu̯ɔ³⁵/


蘇菲

/su⁵⁵ feɪ̯⁵⁵/

/su⁵⁵ feɪ̯⁵⁵/


蘇菲派

/su⁵⁵ feɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/sou̯⁵⁵ fei̯⁵⁵ pʰaːi̯³³/

/su⁵⁵ feɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/sou̯⁵⁵ fei̯⁵⁵ pʰaːi̯³³/


火衛一

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹/

/fɔː³⁵ wɐi̯²² jɐt̚⁵/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹/

/fɔː³⁵ wɐi̯²² jɐt̚⁵/


火衛二

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀɤɻ⁵¹/

/fɔː³⁵ wɐi̯²² jiː²²/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ˀɤɻ⁵¹/

/fɔː³⁵ wɐi̯²² jiː²²/


青梅

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/


摩加迪休

ㄇㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄉㄧˊ ㄒㄧㄡ

ㄇㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄉㄧˊ ㄒㄧㄡ

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ti³⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ti³⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) Mogadishu (the capital city of Somalia)


塔里木盆地

ㄊㄚˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄆㄣˊ ㄉㄧˋ

ㄊㄚˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄆㄣˊ ㄉㄧˋ

Талиму пэньди

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ pʰən³⁵ ti⁵¹/

/tʰaːp̚³ lei̯¹³ mʊk̚² pʰuːn²¹ tei̯²²/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ pʰən³⁵ ti⁵¹/

/tʰaːp̚³ lei̯¹³ mʊk̚² pʰuːn²¹ tei̯²²/


班巴拉

/pän⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/pän⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

Borrowed from French Bambara, borrowed from English Bambara.


抹大拉的馬利亞

ㄇㄛˇ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄚ ˙ㄉㄜ ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄇㄛˇ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄚ ˙ㄉㄜ ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˇ

Модала дэ Малия

/mu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ d̥ə² mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/mu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ d̥ə² mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/muːt̚² taːi̯²² laːi̯⁵⁵ tɪk̚⁵ maː¹³ lei̯²² aː³³/


抹大拉

/mu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/muːt̚² taːi̯²² laːi̯⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/muːt̚² taːi̯²² laːi̯⁵⁵/


馬利亞

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ lei̯²² aː³³/

/ma²⁴⁻¹¹ li⁵⁵ a²⁴/

/ma²¹ li⁵⁵ ŋa⁵⁵/

/ma³³⁻²¹ l̃i²¹³⁻⁵³ a³³/

/ma⁴⁵³⁻¹³ li¹¹⁻⁵⁵ a⁴²/

/ma³³²⁻²⁴ ⁽ˡ⁻⁾ni²¹⁻⁵⁵ a⁴²/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ li⁴¹⁻²² a³³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li³³⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ li³³⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ lei̯²² aː³³/

/ma²⁴⁻¹¹ li⁵⁵ a²⁴/

/ma²¹ li⁵⁵ ŋa⁵⁵/

/ma³³⁻²¹ l̃i²¹³⁻⁵³ a³³/

/ma⁴⁵³⁻¹³ li¹¹⁻⁵⁵ a⁴²/

/ma³³²⁻²⁴ ⁽ˡ⁻⁾ni²¹⁻⁵⁵ a⁴²/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ li⁴¹⁻²² a³³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li³³⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ li³³⁻²¹ a⁴⁴/


羅盤

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ pʰuːn²¹/

/lo²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/lo¹³⁻²² puã¹³/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ puã²⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ puã²³/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pʰän³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ pʰuːn²¹/

/lo²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² puã²⁴/

/lo¹³⁻²² puã¹³/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ puã²⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ puã²³/

(～村) Luopan (a village in Nanri, Xiuyu district, Putian, Fujian, China)


樓臺

/loʊ̯³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/loʊ̯³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

(～鄉) Loutai (a township in Zhushan, Shiyan, Hubei, China)


亞歷山大大帝

ㄧㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄕㄢ ㄉㄚˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄉㄧˋ

ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄕㄢ ㄉㄚˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄉㄧˋ

ялишаньда Дади

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹/

/aː³³ lɪk̚² saːn⁵⁵ taːi̯²² taːi̯²² tɐi̯³³/


阿提拉

/ˀä⁵⁵ tʰi³⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ tʰi³⁵ lä⁵⁵/


開膛手傑克

ㄎㄞ ㄊㄤˊ ㄕㄡˇ ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄎㄞ ㄊㄤˊ ㄕㄡˇ ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄎㄜˋ

Кайтаншоу Цзекэ

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/


羅賓漢

ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄅㄧㄣ ㄏㄢˋ

ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄅㄧㄣ ㄏㄢˋ

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pin⁵⁵ xän⁵¹/

/lɔː²¹ pɐn⁵⁵ hɔːn³³/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ pin⁵⁵ xän⁵¹/

/lɔː²¹ pɐn⁵⁵ hɔːn³³/

Phono-semantic matching of English Robin Hood.


聖喬治

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ kʰiːu̯²¹ t͡siː²²/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ kʰiːu̯²¹ t͡siː²²/


聖母瑪麗亞

ㄕㄥˋ ㄇㄨˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄇㄨˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˇ

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ³³ mou̯¹³ maː¹³ lɐi̯²² aː³³/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ mu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ mou̯¹³ maː¹³ lɐi̯²² aː³³/

聖母瑪利亞 聖母瑪利亞#Chinese

圣母玛利亚 圣母玛利亚#Chinese

Alternative name for 聖母瑪利亞／圣母玛利亚 (Shèngmǔ Mǎlìyà, “Virgin Mary”).


麥當娜

/maɪ̯⁵¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/maɪ̯⁵¹ tɑŋ⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

Borrowed from Italian Madonna or English Madonna.


字彙

/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡siː²² wuːi̯²²/

/t͡siː²² wɐi̯²²/

/zi³³⁻²¹ lui³³/

/li⁴¹⁻²² hue⁴¹/

/li²²⁻²¹ hue²²/

/li³³⁻¹¹ lui³³/

/d͡zi²²⁻²¹ hue²²/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡siː²² wuːi̯²²/

/t͡siː²² wɐi̯²²/

/zi³³⁻²¹ lui³³/

/li⁴¹⁻²² hue⁴¹/

/li²²⁻²¹ hue²²/

/li³³⁻¹¹ lui³³/

/d͡zi²²⁻²¹ hue²²/


錫蘭

/ɕi⁵⁵ län³⁵/

/ɕi³⁵ län³⁵/

/sɛːk̚³ laːn²¹/

/ɕi⁵⁵ län³⁵/

/ɕi³⁵ län³⁵/

/sɛːk̚³ laːn²¹/

(historical) Ceylon (former name of Sri Lanka: an island country in South Asia)


玉篇

/y⁵¹ pʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/jʊk̚² pʰiːn⁵⁵/

/y⁵¹ pʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/jʊk̚² pʰiːn⁵⁵/

(historical) Yupian (a Chinese dictionary, completed in around 543 during the Liang dynasty)


阿非利加

ㄚ ㄈㄟ ㄌㄧˋ ㄐㄧㄚ

ㄚ ㄈㄟ ㄌㄧˋ ㄐㄧㄚ

/ˀä⁵⁵ feɪ̯⁵⁵ li⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/aː³³ fei̯⁵⁵ lei̯²² kaː⁵⁵/

/a³³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾i⁵⁵⁽⁻²¹⁾ l̃i²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾a⁵⁵/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² hui⁴⁴⁻²² li²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

/a³³ hui³³ li⁴¹⁻²² ka³³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² hui⁴⁴⁻²² li²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ hui⁴⁴⁻³³ li³³⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ hui⁴⁴⁻³³ li³³⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

/ˀä⁵⁵ feɪ̯⁵⁵ li⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/aː³³ fei̯⁵⁵ lei̯²² kaː⁵⁵/

/a³³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾i⁵⁵⁽⁻²¹⁾ l̃i²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾a⁵⁵/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² hui⁴⁴⁻²² li²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

/a³³ hui³³ li⁴¹⁻²² ka³³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² hui⁴⁴⁻²² li²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ hui⁴⁴⁻³³ li³³⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ hui⁴⁴⁻³³ li³³⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

阿非利加洲

(obsolete) Africa (the continent south of Europe and between the Atlantic and Indian Oceans)

(historical) Africa (a former province of the Roman Empire, containing what is now Tunisia and portions of coastal Algeria and Libya)


羊角

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jœːŋ²¹ kɔːk̚³/

/yoŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɔyʔ²⁴/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ kak̚³²/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² kak̚³²/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² kak̚⁵/

/iũ²³⁻³³ kak̚³²/

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯aʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jœːŋ²¹ kɔːk̚³/

/yoŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋɔyʔ²⁴/

/iũ²⁴⁻¹¹ kak̚³²/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² kak̚³²/

/iũ²⁴⁻²² kak̚⁵/

/iũ²³⁻³³ kak̚³²/


萬福

/ʋan⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fʊk̚¹/

/ban²²⁻²¹ hɔk̚³²/

/ban⁴¹⁻²² hɔk̚⁵/

/ban²²⁻²¹ hɔk̚³²/

/ban³³⁻¹¹ hɔk̚³²/

/ban³³⁻²¹ hɔk̚³²/

/ʋan⁵³⁻⁵⁵ fʊk̚¹/

/ban²²⁻²¹ hɔk̚³²/

/ban⁴¹⁻²² hɔk̚⁵/

/ban²²⁻²¹ hɔk̚³²/

/ban³³⁻¹¹ hɔk̚³²/

/ban³³⁻²¹ hɔk̚³²/

(～里) an urban village in Nangang district, Taipei, Taiwan


馬來

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵/

/maː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lai²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai¹³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lai²³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵/

/maː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lai²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai¹³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lai²³/

(often attributive) Malaysia (a country in Southeast Asia)


孟加拉人民共和國

ㄇㄥˋ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄖㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

maang⁶ gaa¹ laai¹ jan⁴ man⁴ gung⁶ wo⁴ gwok³

ㄇㄥˋ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄖㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Мэнцзяла Жэньминь Гунхэго

/mɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵ min³⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

maang⁶ gaa¹ laai¹ jan⁴ man⁴ gung⁶ wo⁴ gwok⁸

mang⁶ ga¹ lai¹ yen⁴ men⁴ gung⁶ wo⁴ guog³

/maːŋ²² kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ jɐn²¹ mɐn²¹ kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

People's Republic of Bangladesh#English:_Q902

People's Republic of Bangladesh (official name of Bangladesh: a country in South Asia)


內蒙古自治區

ㄋㄟˋ ㄇㄥˇ ㄍㄨˇ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

ㄋㄟˋ ㄇㄥˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

Нэймэнгу Цзычжицюй

/neɪ̯⁵¹ mɤŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/neɪ̯⁵¹ mɤŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/nɔːi̯²² mʊŋ²¹ kuː³⁵ t͡siː²² t͡siː²² kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

/lai²² bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² ti²² kʰu³³/

/lai³³⁻²¹ bɔŋ²³⁻³³ kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡su³³⁻²¹ ti³³⁻²¹ kʰu⁴⁴/

/lai³³⁻¹¹ bɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su³³⁻¹¹ ti³³⁻¹¹ kʰu⁴⁴/

/lai²²⁻²¹ bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su²²⁻²¹ ti²²⁻²¹ kʰu⁴⁴/

/lai²²⁻²¹ bɔŋ¹³⁻²² kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡su²²⁻²¹ ti²²⁻²¹ kʰi⁴⁴/

/lue²² bɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² ti²² kʰu³³/

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
w:Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (an autonomous region of China; capital: Hohhot)


廣西壯族自治區

ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄒㄧ ㄓㄨㄤˋ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄒㄧ ㄓㄨㄤˋ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

Гуанси Чжуанцзу Цзычжицюй

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵¹ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

gwong² sai¹ dzong³ dzuk⁹ dzi⁶ dzi⁶ koey¹

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɔːŋ³³ t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region
w:Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (an autonomous region of China; capital: Nanning)


西藏自治區

desc

→ English: Tibet Autonomous Region, Xizang Zizhiqu

ㄒㄧ ㄗㄤˋ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

ㄒㄧ ㄗㄤˋ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

Сицзан Цзычжицюй

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

Tibet Autonomous Region
Tibet Autonomous Region#English

Tibet Autonomous Region (an autonomous region of China; capital: Lhasa)


寧夏回族自治區

ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

ㄋㄧㄥˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

Нинся Хуэйцзу Цзычжицюй

/niŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹ xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ t͡su³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/nɪŋ²¹ haː²² wuːi̯²¹ t͡sʊk̚² t͡siː²² t͡siː²² kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
w:Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (an autonomous region of China; capital: Yinchuan)


新疆維吾爾自治區

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄨㄟˊ ㄨˊ ㄦˇ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄨㄟˊ ㄨˊ ㄦˇ ㄗˋ ㄓˋ ㄑㄩ

Синьцзян Вэйуэр Цзычжицюй

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ u³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

san¹ goeng¹ wai⁴ ng⁴ ji⁵ dzi⁶ dzi⁶ koey¹

/sɐn⁵⁵ kœːŋ⁵⁵ wɐi̯²¹ ŋ̍²¹ jiː¹³ t͡siː²² t͡siː²² kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region
w:Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (an autonomous region of China; capital: Ürümqi)


香港特別行政區

ㄒㄧㄤ ㄍㄤˇ ㄊㄜˋ ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄑㄩ

hoeng¹ gong² dak⁶ bit⁶ hang⁴ zing³ keoi¹

ㄒㄧㄤ ㄍㄤˇ ㄊㄜˋ ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄑㄩ

Сянган Тэбе Синчжэнцюй

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹ pi̯ɛ³⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

hoeng¹ gong² dak⁹ bit⁹ hang⁴ dzing³ koey¹

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵ tɐk̚² piːt̚² hɐŋ²¹ t͡sɪŋ³³ kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

/hi̯oŋ²⁴ koŋ³¹ tʰit̚⁵ pʰet̚⁵ haŋ¹¹ t͡sɨn⁵⁵ kʰi²⁴/

/hyoŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋøyŋ³³ tɛiʔ⁵ piɛʔ²⁴ hɛiŋ⁵³ ^((t͡s-))ʒiŋ²¹³ ^((kʰ-))ŋy⁵⁵/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴⁻³² piɛt̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰu⁴⁴/

/hiɔŋ³³ kaŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiak̚²⁴⁻² piɛt̚²⁴⁻² hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰu³³/

/hiaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ piɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hiɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰi⁴⁴/

/ Hiong-káng Tia̍k-pia̍t Hêng-chèng-khu /

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (the official name of Hong Kong)


澳門特別行政區

ㄠˋ ㄇㄣˊ ㄊㄜˋ ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄑㄩ

ㄠˋ ㄇㄣˊ ㄊㄜˋ ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄥˋ ㄑㄩ

Аомэнь Тэбе Синчжэнцюй

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ mən³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹ pi̯ɛ³⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ muːn²¹⁻³⁵ tɐk̚² piːt̚² hɐŋ²¹ t͡sɪŋ³³ kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ muːn²¹ tɐk̚² piːt̚² hɐŋ²¹ t͡sɪŋ³³ kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

/au̯⁵⁵ mun¹¹ tʰit̚⁵ pʰet̚⁵ haŋ¹¹ t͡sɨn⁵⁵ kʰi²⁴/

/o²¹³ muoŋ⁵³ tɛiʔ⁵ piɛʔ²⁴ hɛiŋ⁵³ ^((t͡s-))ʒiŋ²¹³ ^((kʰ-))ŋy⁵⁵/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ mŋ̍²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚⁴⁻³² piɛt̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰu⁴⁴/

/o¹¹⁻⁵³ mŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɪk̚⁴⁻³² piɛt̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ kʰu⁴⁴/

/ɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ mŋ̍²³⁻³³ tiɪk̚⁴⁻³² piɛt̚⁴⁻³² hiɪŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ kʰu⁴⁴/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ muĩ¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ piɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hiɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰi⁴⁴/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ mŋ̍²⁴⁻²² tiak̚²⁴⁻² piɛt̚²⁴⁻² hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰu³³/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ bun²⁴⁻²² tiak̚²⁴⁻² piɛt̚²⁴⁻² hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰu³³/

Macao Special Administrative Region (the official name of Macau)


敦煌

→ English: Dunhuang, Tun-huang, Tunhuang, Tunhwang

/tu̯ən⁵⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/tɵn⁵⁵ wɔːŋ²¹/

/tun⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/

/tun³³ hɔŋ²⁴/

/tun⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ¹³/

/tun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ²⁴/

/tun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ²³/

/tuŋ³³⁻²³ huaŋ⁵⁵/

/tən⁵⁵ uɑ̃²¹/

/tu̯ən⁵⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/tɵn⁵⁵ wɔːŋ²¹/

/tun⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ²⁴/

/tun³³ hɔŋ²⁴/

/tun⁴⁴⁻²² hɔŋ¹³/

/tun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ²⁴/

/tun⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔŋ²³/

/tuŋ³³⁻²³ huaŋ⁵⁵/

/tən⁵⁵ uɑ̃²¹/

Likely from a historical Iranian language, with first known records in Chinese in the 2nd century BCE; likely cognate to the later Sogdian 𐼌𐼘𐼇𐼀𐼀𐼏 (δrwʾʾn /*θurwān, θruwān/) – name of Dunhuang known to the Sogdians – attested in the "Sogdian Ancient Letters" [early 4th century] (Gharib, 1995); possibly related to the Θροάνα (Throána) in Greek (Ptolemy, Geographia, Book VI, chap. 16) and Bactrian sources (Pulleyblank, 1962, 1966; Baxter and Sagart, 2014).

cog

(～市) Dunhuang (a county-level city of Jiuquan, Gansu, China)

(historical) (～郡) Dunhuang (an ancient commandery in modern Gansu, China)

(～縣) (historical) Dunhuang (a county of Jiuquan, Gansu, China)


沙州

/ʂä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ʂä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

A provincial name derived from its position within the Gobi Desert.

(～鎮) Shazhou (a town in Dunhuang, Jiuquan, Gansu, China)

Shazhou, a former province of Imperial China

Shazhou, a former name of Dunhuang, an oasis town in Gansu, China, during the time when it served as Shazhou's provincial capital


多納特羅

ㄉㄨㄛ ㄋㄚˋ ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄉㄨㄛ ㄋㄚˋ ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

Donatello (Italian painter; Italian given name)


滿月

/män²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/muːn¹³ jyːt̚²⁻³⁵/

/man²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯et̚⁵/

/man²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯at̚⁵/

/mæ̃⁵³ yəʔ²/

/muã⁵³⁻²⁴ ɡəʔ⁵⁴/

/muã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡəʔ²⁴/

/mua⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡəʔ⁴³/

/muã⁵⁵⁻³⁵ ɡəʔ³⁵/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡeʔ⁴/

/mua⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡeʔ⁴³/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡueʔ¹²¹/

/muã⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ɡueʔ⁴/

/muã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡueʔ⁴/

/mua⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡueʔ⁴³/

/muã⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ɡue³³/

/mõ⁴¹ y̯e̞²⁴/

/män²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/muːn¹³ jyːt̚²⁻³⁵/

/man²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯et̚⁵/

/man²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi̯at̚⁵/

/mæ̃⁵³ yəʔ²/

/muã⁵³⁻²⁴ ɡəʔ⁵⁴/

/muã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡəʔ²⁴/

/mua⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡəʔ⁴³/

/muã⁵⁵⁻³⁵ ɡəʔ³⁵/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡeʔ⁴/

/mua⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡeʔ⁴³/

/muã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡueʔ¹²¹/

/muã⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ɡueʔ⁴/

/muã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡueʔ⁴/

/mua⁴²⁻²⁴ ɡueʔ⁴³/

/muã⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ɡue³³/

/mõ⁴¹ y̯e̞²⁴/

(～鄉) Manyue (a township in Kaizhou district, Chongqing, China)


中共中央

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄓㄨㄥ ㄧㄤ

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄓㄨㄥ ㄧㄤ

Чжунгун Чжунъян

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ²² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kʊŋ²² t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵/

Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China

中共中央書記處

中共中央书记处

short for 中國共產黨中央委員會／中国共产党中央委员会 (Zhōngguó Gòngchǎndǎng Zhōngyāng Wěiyuánhuì, “Central Committee of the Communist Party of China”)


中圻

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/


海東

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (海東):
* → Korean: 해동(海東) (haedong)

→ English: Haidong

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

Haidong, Qinghai is east of 青海湖 (Qīnghǎi Hú, “Qinghai Lake”, literally “Blue Sea”), and Korea is east of Bohai Bay and the Yellow Sea.

zh-l

(～市, formerly ～地區) Haidong (a prefecture-level city of Qinghai, China, formerly a prefecture)


列寧

/li̯ɛ⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/

/liːt̚² nɪŋ²¹/

/l̃ieʔ⁵⁻³³ nˡiŋ⁵³/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² liɪŋ²⁴/

/liɛt̚²⁴⁻² liɪŋ²⁴/

/liɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ liɪŋ¹³/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² liɪŋ²⁴/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² liɪŋ²³/

/li̯ɛ⁵¹ niŋ³⁵/

/liːt̚² nɪŋ²¹/

/l̃ieʔ⁵⁻³³ nˡiŋ⁵³/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² liɪŋ²⁴/

/liɛt̚²⁴⁻² liɪŋ²⁴/

/liɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ liɪŋ¹³/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² liɪŋ²⁴/

/liɛt̚⁴⁻³² liɪŋ²³/

Vladimir Lenin (Russian revolutionary and politician)

Ленин Ленин#Russian

A transliteration of the Russian surname Ленин (Lenin), Lenin


克格勃

/kʰɤ⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

Transliteration of Russian КГБ (KGB, “kəɡɨˈbɛ”).

translit

KGB (the former Soviet State Security Committee)


噶當派

/kä³⁵ tɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/kä³⁵ tɑŋ⁵⁵ pʰaɪ̯⁵¹/


阿細

the Axi (a subgroup of the Yi people in China)


新金山

Синьцзиньшань

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ kɐm⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/ɬin³³ kim³³ san³³⁻³³⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ kɐm⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

/ɬin³³ kim³³ san³³⁻³³⁵/

The name refers to the gold rush around Melbourne and contrasts it with 舊金山／旧金山 (Jiùjīnshān, “Old Gold Mountain”): San Francisco, California, in the United States. (金山 being used loosely for any place of great chances for wealth, in a similar fashion to the English "gold mine".)

舊金山

San Francisco, California, United States

(dated) Melbourne (a city, the state capital of Victoria, Australia)


肯亞

/kʰən²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/kʰən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐŋ³⁵ aː³³/

/kʰən²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/kʰən²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐŋ³⁵ aː³³/

(chiefly Taiwan) Kenya (a country in East Africa)


蘇格蘭

/su⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ län³⁵/

/su⁵⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɛiʔ²⁴⁻²¹ l̃aŋ⁵³/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ lan²⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ lan²³/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ lan²³/

/su³³⁻²³ kak̚²⁻⁴ laŋ⁵⁵/

/su⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ län³⁵/

/su⁵⁵⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ɛiʔ²⁴⁻²¹ l̃aŋ⁵³/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ lan²⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ lan²³/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ lan²⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ke(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ lan²³/

/su³³⁻²³ kak̚²⁻⁴ laŋ⁵⁵/

1848, 徐繼畬 [Xu Jiyu], editor, 瀛寰志略, volume 7, page 41:

Sūgélán zài Yīnglún zhī běi, nánběi yuē bā bǎi yú lǐ, dōngxī guǎngxiá bù qí.

蘇格蘭在英倫之北，南北約八百餘里，東西廣狹不齊。

苏格兰在英伦之北，南北约八百余里，东西广狭不齐。

Scotland (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)


普魯士

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ lou̯¹³ siː²²/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ lou̯¹³ siː²²/

Northeast Europe
Northeast Europe#English

(chiefly historical) Prussia (a geographical area on the Baltic coast of Northeast Europe)

(historical) Prussia (a former duchy, kingdom and (after German unification in 1871) a province of Germany, existing from 1525 to 1947 in parts of modern Germany, Poland and Russia)


庫車

/kʰu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/fuː³³ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

/kʰu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵/

/fuː³³ t͡sʰɛː⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Manchu ᡴᡠᠴᡝ (kuce), from Written Oirat ᡍᡉᡔᡄ (küce), from Chagatai کوجا.
Probably a doublet of 龜茲／龟兹 (Qiūcí).

龜茲／龟兹 (Qiūcí)

(～市, formerly ～縣) Kuqa, Kuche, Kuchar (a county-level city of Aksu prefecture, Xinjiang, China, formerly a county)


突尼西亞

ㄊㄨ ㄋㄧˊ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄊㄨˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄊㄨ ㄋㄧˊ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˇ

ㄊㄨˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˇ

/tʰu⁵⁵ ni³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/tʰu³⁵ ni³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/tʰu⁵⁵ ni³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰu³⁵ ni³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɐt̚² nei̯²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/tʰu⁵⁵ ni³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/tʰu³⁵ ni³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/tʰu⁵⁵ ni³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰu³⁵ ni³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɐt̚² nei̯²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

(Taiwan) Tunisia (a country in North Africa)


果敢

Phono-semantic matching of Burmese ကိုးကန့် (kui:kan.).

psm

/ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɔː³⁵ kɐm³⁵/

/ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʷɔː³⁵ kɐm³⁵/

(～自治區) Kokang (a self-administered zone of Shan, Myanmar; capital: Laukkai)


吐谷渾

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ y⁵¹ xu̯ən³⁵/

/tɐt̚² jʊk̚² wɐn²¹/

/tʰut̚⁴⁻³² kiɔk̚⁴⁻³² hun²⁴/

/tʰut̚²⁴⁻² kiɔk̚²⁴⁻² hun²⁴/

/tʰut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hun¹³/

/tʰut̚⁴⁻³² kiɔk̚⁴⁻³² hun²⁴/

/tʰut̚⁴⁻³² kiɔk̚⁴⁻³² hun²³/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ y⁵¹ xu̯ən³⁵/

/tɐt̚² jʊk̚² wɐn²¹/

/tʰut̚⁴⁻³² kiɔk̚⁴⁻³² hun²⁴/

/tʰut̚²⁴⁻² kiɔk̚²⁴⁻² hun²⁴/

/tʰut̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kiɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hun¹³/

/tʰut̚⁴⁻³² kiɔk̚⁴⁻³² hun²⁴/

/tʰut̚⁴⁻³² kiɔk̚⁴⁻³² hun²³/

Related to Mongolian Тугухунь (Tuguxunʹ).

(historical) Tuyuhun (A powerful Mongolic kingdom established by nomadic tribes related to the Xianbei in the Qilian Mountains and upper Yellow River valley.)


永年

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ niːn²¹/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵/

/wɪŋ¹³ niːn²¹/

(～區) Yongnian (a district of Handan, Hebei, China)

(～縣) (historical) Yongnian County in Handan Prefecture, Hebei, China.


烏龍

; "unexpected mistake; muddled"
: Common folk etymologies attribute the word to English wrong, or own (as in own goal).

/wuː⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/

/ɔ³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ¹³/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

/ou³³⁻²³ leŋ⁵⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹⁻³⁵/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/

/ɔ³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ¹³/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

/ou³³⁻²³ leŋ⁵⁵/

(～鄉) Wulong (a township in Wuxi, Chongqing, China)

Name of a loyal dog owned by Jin-dynasty Zhang Ran.


交阯

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaːu̯⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaːu̯⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

Gǔzhě Yáo zhì tiānxià, nán fǔ Jiāozhǐ běi xiánɡ Yōudōu, dōngxī zhì rì suǒ chūrù, mò bù bīnfú.

古者堯治天下，南撫交阯北降幽都，東西至日所出入，莫不賓服。

古者尧治天下，南抚交阯北降幽都，东西至日所出入，莫不宾服。

(historical) alternative form of 交趾 (Jiāozhǐ)


梅林

/muːi̯²¹ lɐm²¹/

/muːi̯²¹ lɐm²¹/

(～街道) Meilin (a subdistrict of Futian district, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China)

(～街道) Meilin (a subdistrict of Ninghai, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China)

(～鎮) Meilin (a town in Ningguo, Xuancheng, Anhui, China)

(～鎮) Meilin (a town in Nanjing, Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)

(～鎮) Meilin (a town in Ganxian district, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China)

(～鎮) Meilin (a town in Fengcheng, Yichun, Jiangxi, China)

(～鎮) Meilin (a town in Wuhua, Meizhou, Guangdong, China)

(～鎮) Meilin (a town in Puning, Jieyang, Guangdong, China)

(～鎮) Meilin (a town in Mabian, Leshan, Sichuan, China)


梅林

/muːi̯²¹ lɐm²¹/

/muːi̯²¹ lɐm²¹/


龍州

/lʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/lʊŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lʊŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/liɔŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/liɔŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

(～縣) a county of Chongzuo, Guangxi autonomous region, China

(～鎮) a town in Longzhou County, Guangxi autonomous region, China

(historical) a prefecture in present-day Longzhou County

(～鎮) a town in Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China

Longzhou
a town in Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China

(historical) a prefecture in present-day Sichuan, China

(historical) a former and short-lived territory around Longbian (present-day Long Biên in Vietnam)


科隆

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/fɔː⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/fɔː⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

North Rhine-Westphalia
North Rhine-Westphalia#English

Cologne (the largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, in northwestern Germany)


宋平

/sʊŋ⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/sʊŋ³³ pʰɪŋ²¹/

/sʊŋ⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵/

/sʊŋ³³ pʰɪŋ²¹/

(historical) Songping; Tong Binh (former imperial Chinese and Vietnamese settlement located within present-day Hanoi, Vietnam)


義懷

/i⁵¹ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵/

/i⁵¹ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵/

(historical) Yihuai, a district of the Annamese capital of Songping or Tong Binh


綏寧

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ nɪŋ²¹/

/su̯eɪ̯³⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/su̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ niŋ³⁵/

/sɵy̯⁵⁵ nɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Suining (a county of Shaoyang, Hunan, China)

(～省) (historical) Suining (a province in modern-day Heilongjiang)

(historical) Suining (a district of Songping in Chinese Vietnam)


羅城

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

仡佬族自治縣 仡佬族自治縣#Chinese

(～仡佬族自治縣, ～縣) Longsheng (an autonomous county of Hechi, Guangxi autonomous region, China)

(historical) Luocheng or La Thanh, a name used for the major Chinese fortifications at a succession of different locations within present-day Hanoi


宋州

/sʊŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sʊŋ³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/sʊŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sʊŋ³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(historical) Songzhou, a short-lived prefecture of Tang China in present-day northern Vietnam


明光

/miŋ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/miŋ³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Mingguang (a county-level city of Chuzhou, Anhui, China)


溫得和克

ㄨㄣ ㄉㄜˊ ㄏㄜˊ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄨㄣ ㄉㄜˊ ㄏㄜˊ ㄎㄜˋ

/wən⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ xɤ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/wən⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ xɤ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

Borrowed from Afrikaans/Dutch Windhoek, from wind (“wind”) + hoek (“corner, angle”).


塔那那利佛

ㄊㄚˇ ㄋㄚˋ ㄋㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄛˊ

ㄊㄚˇ ㄋㄚˋ ㄋㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄛˊ

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

Antananarivo (a city, the capital city of Madagascar)

安塔那那利佛

Āntǎnànàlìfó


安塔那那利佛

Āntǎnànàlìfó

ㄢ ㄊㄚˇ ㄋㄚˋ ㄋㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄛˊ

Āntǎnànàlìfó

ㄢ ㄊㄚˇ ㄋㄚˋ ㄋㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄛˊ

Аньтананалифо

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ fu̯ɔ³⁵/


布松布拉

ㄅㄨˋ ㄙㄨㄥ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄙㄨㄥ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ

/pu⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/pou̯³³ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ pou̯³³ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/pu⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/pou̯³³ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ pou̯³³ laːi̯⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) Bujumbura (a city, the capital city of Burundi)


科納克里

ㄎㄜ ㄋㄚˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄧˇ

ㄎㄜ ㄋㄚˋ ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄧˇ

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Conakry (a city, the capital city of Guinea)


夏爾迦

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

Sharjah (an emirate of the United Arab Emirates)

Sharjah (the capital city of Sharjah emirate, United Arab Emirates)


奧古斯塔斯

ㄠˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄙ ㄊㄚˇ ㄙ

ㄠˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄙ ㄊㄚˇ ㄙ

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/


多多馬

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Dodoma (a city, the capital city of Tanzania)


弗里敦

/fu³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/fu³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

Freetown (a city, the capital city of Sierra Leone)


馬塞盧

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹ lu³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹ lu³⁵/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔ²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ¹³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹ lu³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹ lu³⁵/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔ²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ¹³/

Maseru (a city, the capital city of Lesotho)


惠靈頓

ㄏㄨㄟˋ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄨㄣˋ

ㄏㄨㄟˋ ㄌㄧㄥˊ ㄉㄨㄣˋ

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ liŋ³⁵ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/wɐi̯²² lɪŋ²¹ tɵn²²/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ liŋ³⁵ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/wɐi̯²² lɪŋ²¹ tɵn²²/

(～市, formerly ～埠) (Mainland China, Hong Kong, possibly obsolete in Taiwan) Wellington (a city, the capital city of New Zealand)


姆巴巴納

ㄇㄨˇ ㄅㄚ ㄅㄚ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄇㄨˇ ㄅㄚ ㄅㄚ ㄋㄚˋ

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/mou̯¹³ paː⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵ naːp̚²/

/mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/mou̯¹³ paː⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵ naːp̚²/

Mbabane (a city, the capital city of Eswatini)


瓦加杜古

ㄨㄚˇ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄉㄨˋ ㄍㄨˇ

ㄨㄚˇ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄉㄨˋ ㄍㄨˇ

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tu⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tu⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Ouagadougou (a city, the capital city of Burkina Faso)


莫羅尼

ㄇㄛˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ

ㄇㄛˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ni³⁵/

/mɔːk̚² lɔː²¹ nei̯²¹/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ni³⁵/

/mɔːk̚² lɔː²¹ nei̯²¹/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Moroni (a city, the capital city of the Comoros)


沙特

/ʂä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/saː⁵⁵ tɐk̚²/

/ʂä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/saː⁵⁵ tɐk̚²/

沙特阿拉伯 沙特阿拉伯#Chinese

short for 沙特阿拉伯 (Shātè Ālābó): Saudi Arabia (a country in Western Asia, in the Middle East)


利伯維爾

ㄌㄧˋ ㄅㄛˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄦˇ

ㄌㄧˋ ㄅㄛˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄦˇ

/li⁵¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lei̯²² paːk̚³ wɐi̯²¹ jiː¹³/

/li⁵¹ pu̯ɔ³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lei̯²² paːk̚³ wɐi̯²¹ jiː¹³/

Libreville (a city, the capital city of Gabon)


聖多美

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ³³ tɔː⁵⁵ mei̯¹³/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ³³ bi⁵⁵⁴/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ to⁴⁴⁻²² bi⁵³/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ³³ tɔː⁵⁵ mei̯¹³/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ tɔ³³ bi⁵⁵⁴/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ to⁴⁴⁻²² bi⁵³/

São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe#English

São Tomé (a city, the capital city of São Tomé and Príncipe)


馬拉博

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵/

Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea#English

Malabo (a city, the capital city of Equatorial Guinea)


洛美

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lu̯ɔ⁵¹ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


利隆圭

ㄌㄧˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄟ

ㄌㄧˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄟ

/li⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

Lilongwe (a city, the capital city of Malawi)


拉哥斯

/lä⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/lä⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

(Taiwan) Lagos (port former capital of Nigeria)


坎帕拉

/kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/kʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ pʰä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

Kampala (a city, the capital city of Uganda)


科托努

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ nu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ nu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


普拉亞

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

Praia (a city, the capital city of Cape Verde)


開雲

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ yn³⁵/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ yn³⁵/

(Taiwan) Cayenne (a city, the capital city of French Guiana department)


朱巴

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵/

Juba (a city, the capital city of South Sudan)


普里什蒂納

ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄕˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄧˇ ㄕˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄋㄚˋ

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ lei̯¹³ sɐp̚² tɐi̯³³ naːp̚²/

/pʰu³³ li⁵⁵ zəʔ³³ ti³³ naʔ²¹/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/pʰou̯³⁵ lei̯¹³ sɐp̚² tɐi̯³³ naːp̚²/

/pʰu³³ li⁵⁵ zəʔ³³ ti³³ naʔ²¹/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Priština (a city, the capital city of Kosovo)


巴斯特爾

/pä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tɐk̚² jiː¹³/

/pä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tɐk̚² jiː¹³/

Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Kitts and Nevis#English

Basseterre (a city, the capital city of Saint Kitts and Nevis)


中出

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵt̚⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʰɵt̚⁵/

short for 香港中華出入口商會 /香港中华出入口商会 (Xiānggǎng Zhōnghuá chūrùkǒu shānghuì, “Hong Kong Chinese Importers' and Exporters' Association”)


興隆

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/hɪŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/

/heŋ³³⁻²³ loŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ loŋ²¹/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/hɪŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

/hiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/

/heŋ³³⁻²³ loŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ loŋ²¹/

(～縣) Xinglong (a county of Chengde, Hebei, China)

(～街道) Xinglong (a subdistrict of Duodao district, Jingmen, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Xinglong (a town in Zaoyang, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Xinglong (a town in Fengjie, Chongqing, China)

(～村) Xinglong (a village in Zhonglu, Lichuan, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


米開朗基羅

ㄇㄧˇ ㄎㄞ ㄌㄤˇ ㄐㄧ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄇㄧˇ ㄎㄞ ㄌㄤˇ ㄐㄧ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

Микайланцзило

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ lɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/mɐi̯¹³ hɔːi̯⁵⁵ lɔːŋ¹³ kei̯⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/

/mɐi̯¹³ hɔːi̯⁵⁵ lɔːŋ¹³ kei̯⁵⁵ lɔː²¹/


中央社

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵ sɛː¹³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sia³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sia³³/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jœːŋ⁵⁵ sɛː¹³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sia³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ iaŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sia³³/

Short for 中央通訊社／中央通讯社 (zhōngyāng tōngxùnshè).


秦朝

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/t͡siŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/t͡siŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nieu⁵³/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiou⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiau⁵⁵/

Cao Wei
Chen dynasty
Eastern Han dynasty
Eastern Wei
Eastern Wu
Eastern Zhou dynasty
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
Han dynasty
Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
Jin dynasty (265–420)
Liang dynasty
Liao dynasty
Liu Song dynasty
Ming dynasty
Northern Qi
Northern Wei
Northern Zhou
Northern and Southern dynasties
Qin dynasty
Qing dynasty
Shang dynasty
Shu Han
Song dynasty
Southern Qi
Southern and Northern dynasties
Spring and Autumn period
Sui dynasty
Tang dynasty
Three Kingdoms
Warring States period
Western Han dynasty
Western Liao
Western Wei
Western Xia
Western Zhou dynasty
Xia dynasty
Xin dynasty
Yuan dynasty
Zhou dynasty


艾麗絲

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/ŋaːi̯²² lɐi̯²² siː⁵⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/ŋaːi̯²² lɐi̯²² siː⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the English female given name Alice


奧爾丁頓

ㄠˋ ㄦˇ ㄉㄧㄥ ㄉㄨㄣˋ

ㄠˋ ㄦˇ ㄉㄧㄥ ㄉㄨㄣˋ

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tiŋ⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵¹/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tiŋ⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵¹/

A transliteration of the English surname Aldington


灣流

/wän⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/waːn⁵⁵ lɐu̯²¹/

/wän⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/waːn⁵⁵ lɐu̯²¹/


內政部

/neɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/nɔːi̯²² t͡sɪŋ³³ pou̯²²/

/lai²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ pɔ²²/

/lai⁴¹⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ pɔ⁴¹/

/lai²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ pɔ²²/

/lai³³⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ pɔ³³/

/lai³³⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ pɔ³³/

/neɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/nɔːi̯²² t͡sɪŋ³³ pou̯²²/

/lai²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ pɔ²²/

/lai⁴¹⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ pɔ⁴¹/

/lai²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ pɔ²²/

/lai³³⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ pɔ³³/

/lai³³⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ pɔ³³/


浮屠

/fɐu̯²¹ tʰou̯²¹/

/fɐu̯²¹ tʰou̯²¹/

An early loanword into Middle Chinese. Possible sources include Bactrian Βοδδο (“the Buddha”) or Middle-Indic, cf. Gandhari 𐨦𐨂𐨢𐨂 (budhu) (Ji, 1998v7). For the conflation of words for Buddhist stupas and for the Buddha, see also English pagoda.

(～鎮) Futu (a town in Yangxin, Huangshi, Hubei, China)


巨毋霸

/t͡ɕy⁵¹ u³⁵ pä⁵¹/

/kɵy̯²² mou̯²¹ paː³³/

/t͡ɕy⁵¹ u³⁵ pä⁵¹/

/kɵy̯²² mou̯²¹ paː³³/

Book of Han
Book of the Later Han
Courtesy name
Wang Mang

The name was mentioned in the biography of Emperor Wang Mang in the Book of Han as the purported "self-appellation" of a giant. Both the text, and allegedly Wang himself according to the text, interpreted "巨毋" as a family name and "霸" as the given name. The biography wrote explicitly that the character was fictional, intended by its creator as a humorous pun at the expense of the emperor himself: Wang was styled 巨君 (Jùjūn), and the name 巨毋霸 (jùwúbà) could be interpreted as "Ju (巨) will never gain supremacy."
In the Book of the Later Han the alternative form 巨無霸／巨无霸 (jùwúbà) was mentioned, this time with a slight air of reality, as the name of a warrior in the service of Wang Mang.

zh-l

巨無霸／巨无霸 (jùwúbà)

(humorous) Juwuba (name of a fictional giant, 1st century)


京畿

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kei̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/kɪŋ⁵⁵ kei̯⁵⁵/

(～道) Gyeonggi (a province of South Korea)


周禮

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ lɐi̯¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ lɐi̯¹³/


黑非洲

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ feɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ fei̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/haːk̚⁵ fei̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ feɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ fei̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/haːk̚⁵ fei̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/


哈佛

/xä⁵⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/haː⁵⁵ fɐt̚²/

/xä⁵⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/haː⁵⁵ fɐt̚²/

Borrowed from English Harvard, probably via a southern dialect which retains the final in 佛.

A transliteration of the English surname Harvard


天蠍座

ㄊㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄝ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄊㄧㄢ ㄒㄧㄝ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʰiːt̚³ t͡sɔː²²/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʰiːt̚³ t͡sɔː²²/


雙魚

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ y³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ jyː²¹/

/ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ y³⁵/

/sœːŋ⁵⁵ jyː²¹/


室女座

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɐt̚⁵ nɵy̯¹³ t͡sɔː²²/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɐt̚⁵ nɵy̯¹³ t͡sɔː²²/


巨蟹座

ㄐㄩˋ ㄒㄧㄝˋ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄐㄩˋ ㄒㄧㄝˋ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

/t͡ɕy⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/kɵy̯²² haːi̯¹³ t͡sɔː²²/

/t͡ɕy⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/kɵy̯²² haːi̯¹³ t͡sɔː²²/


摩羯座

ㄇㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄇㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/mɔː⁵⁵ kʰiːt̚³ t͡sɔː²²/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/mɔː⁵⁵ kʰiːt̚³ t͡sɔː²²/


天蠍

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʰiːt̚³/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʰiːt̚³/


櫻井

/iŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 桜井 (Sakurai).

obor

(～市) Sakurai (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


加利福尼亞

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄨˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄧˋ ㄈㄨˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˇ

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹ fu³⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹ fu³⁵ ni³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaː⁵⁵ lei̯²² fʊk̚⁵ nei̯²¹ aː³³/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹ fu³⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹ fu³⁵ ni³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaː⁵⁵ lei̯²² fʊk̚⁵ nei̯²¹ aː³³/

～州 加利福尼亞州#Chinese

(～州) California (a state of the United States)


雲浮

→ English: Wanfow, Yunfu

/wɐn²¹ fɐu̯²¹/

/hun²⁴⁻²² pʰu²⁴/

/hun²⁴⁻²² pʰu²⁴/

/hun¹³⁻²² pʰu¹³/

/hun²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰu²⁴/

/hun²³⁻³³ pʰu²³/

/wɐn²¹ fɐu̯²¹/

/hun²⁴⁻²² pʰu²⁴/

/hun²⁴⁻²² pʰu²⁴/

/hun¹³⁻²² pʰu¹³/

/hun²⁴⁻¹¹ pʰu²⁴/

/hun²³⁻³³ pʰu²³/

The first syllable 雲／云 (yún) (pronounced wan4 in Cantonese) is possibly cognate with Zhuang vunz (“person”) (Shao, 2015). There are many toponyms in Guangdong with 雲／云 (yún) as their first character.
On the other hand, the second syllable 浮 (fú) is possibly cognate with Zhuang faexbaeuz (“Pleioblastus amarus”, a plant commonly found in the area, known as 苦竹 in Chinese) (Shao, 2015), so 雲浮／云浮 (Yúnfú) may mean "the people who plant Pleioblastus amarus", making the toponym possibly phono-semantic matching of Kra-Dai substrate words.

zh-l

雲浮／云浮 (Yúnfú)

(～市) Yunfu (a prefecture-level city of Guangdong, China)


土庫曼

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ män⁵¹/

/tʰou̯³⁵ fuː³³ maːn²²/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ ban²²/

/tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ban⁴¹/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ ban²²/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ ban³³/

/tʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ ban³³/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ män⁵¹/

/tʰou̯³⁵ fuː³³ maːn²²/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ ban²²/

/tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ ban⁴¹/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰɔ²¹⁻⁵³ ban²²/

/tʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰɔ¹¹⁻⁵³ ban³³/

/tʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ kʰɔ²¹⁻⁴¹ ban³³/


哈薩克

/xä⁵⁵ sä⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/xä⁵⁵ sä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/haː⁵⁵ saːt̚³ hɐk̚⁵/

/ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sat̚³²⁻⁵ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ sat̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sat̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/xä⁵⁵ sä⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/xä⁵⁵ sä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/haː⁵⁵ saːt̚³ hɐk̚⁵/

/ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sat̚³²⁻⁵ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁴¹ sat̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ sat̚³²⁻⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

Transliteration of Manchu ᡥᠠᠰᠠᡴ (hasak), from Written Oirat ᡍᠠᠰᠠᡎ (xasag), from Kazakh قزاق (qazāq /qazaq/), from Kipchak [Term?], from Proto-Common Turkic [Term?], from Proto-Turkic [Term?].


西人

/ɕi⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ zin²³/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ jɐn²¹/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ zin²³/

《朝鮮王朝實錄》 (Joseon Veritable Records), 1675

上以西人為枉，南人為直，故夏鎭進說於上，請日日錯西人一人，舉南人一人

(historical) a political faction in the Korean court which emerged in a dispute over the appropriate powers of royal in-laws in the 1570s, and which held power for most of the seventeenth century


天后

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ hɐu̯²²/

/tʰieŋ³³⁻²³ hou³⁵/

/tʰi⁵⁵ hɤ²¹/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ hɐu̯²²/

/tʰieŋ³³⁻²³ hou³⁵/

/tʰi⁵⁵ hɤ²¹/

(religion, Chinese mythology) epithet of the Fujianese sea goddess Mazu (媽祖)


打橫

Borrowed from Sundanese Tawang, from Tawang-Galunggung, the city and regency's (then-district's) former name.

/tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤŋ³⁵/

/tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ̃ɻ³⁵/

/taː³⁵ waːŋ²¹/

/ta³¹ ʋaŋ¹¹/

/tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤŋ³⁵/

/tä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ̃ɻ³⁵/

/taː³⁵ waːŋ²¹/

/ta³¹ ʋaŋ¹¹/

(～市) Tasikmalaya (a city in West Java, Indonesia)

(～縣) Tasikmalaya (a regency of West Java, Indonesia)


木之本

/mu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 木之本, Kinomoto


布里奇敦

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄑㄧˊ ㄉㄨㄣ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄑㄧˊ ㄉㄨㄣ

/pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/pu⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

Bridgetown (a city, the capital city of Barbados)


京斯敦

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

(chiefly Taiwan) Kingston (a city, the capital city of Jamaica)


太子港

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡siː³⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡siː³⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵/

Calque of French Port-au-Prince (literally “port of the prince”).

calque

Port-au-Prince (the capital city of Haiti)


西班牙港

ㄒㄧ ㄅㄢ ㄧㄚˊ ㄍㄤˇ

ㄒㄧ ㄅㄢ ㄧㄚˊ ㄍㄤˇ

/ɕi⁵⁵ pän⁵⁵ jä³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ paːn⁵⁵ ŋaː²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ pän⁵⁵ jä³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ paːn⁵⁵ ŋaː²¹ kɔːŋ³⁵/

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago#English

Port of Spain (a city, the capital city of Trinidad and Tobago)


羅索

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Roseau (a city, the capital city of Dominica)


金斯敦

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/

Borrowed from English Kingston or Kingstown.

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines#English

Kingstown (a city, the capital city of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines)

金石城

capital of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Alternative name for 金斯頓／金斯顿 (“various cities named Kingston”).


多明哥

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/


聖多明哥

ㄕㄥˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄍㄜ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄍㄜ

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/

Dominican Republic
Dominican Republic#English

(Taiwan) Santo Domingo (a city, the capital city of the Dominican Republic)


石岡

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 石岡 (Ishioka).
; "Shigang district, Taichung, Taiwan"

obor

(～市) Ishioka (a city in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan)

(～區) Shigang (a district of Taichung, Taiwan)


玉田

/y⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/jʊk̚² tʰiːn²¹/

/y⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/jʊk̚² tʰiːn²¹/

(～縣) Yutian (a county of Tangshan, Hebei, China)

(～村) Yutian (a rural village in Jiaoxi, Yilan County, Taiwan)


小村

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

(～鄉) Xiaocun (a township in Xianfeng, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


太平天國

ㄊㄞˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄊㄞˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄧㄢ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Тайпин Тяньго

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ pʰɪŋ²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/tʰai²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βiŋ⁵³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ^((tʰ-))nieŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn³³ kɔk̚⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ¹³⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ pʰɪŋ²¹ tʰiːn⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn³³ kɔk̚⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ¹³⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ piɪŋ²³⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
Taiping Heavenly Kingdom

the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom era (a Chinese era name; the era from the founding of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom in 1851 until its destruction in 1864)


姨夫

/jiː²¹ fuː⁵⁵/

/i⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u⁵⁵/

/jiː²¹ fuː⁵⁵/

/i⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾u⁵⁵/

(Mainland China) Kazuo Hirai, former CEO of Sony


綠林

/lʊk̚² lɐm²¹/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² lim²⁴/

/liɪk̚⁴⁻³² lim²⁴/

/liɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ lim¹³/

/lʊk̚² lɐm²¹/

/liɔk̚²⁴⁻² lim²⁴/

/liɪk̚⁴⁻³² lim²⁴/

/liɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ lim¹³/

/lʊk̚² lɐm²¹/


鴨綠江

/jä⁵⁵ lu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/aːp̚³ lʊk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/jä⁵⁵ lu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/aːp̚³ lʊk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

zh-l

鴨綠水／鸭绿水 (Yālùshuǐ)

Yalu River, Amnok River (a river on the China-North Korea border)


贊皇

/t͡sän⁵¹ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sän⁵¹ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

(～縣) Zanhuang (a county of Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China)


安順

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ sɵn²²/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ sɵn²²/

(～市) Anshun (a prefecture-level city of Guizhou, China)


安順

From English Anson, from English Anson Bay (former name of Teluk Intan).

der

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ sɵn²²/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ sɵn²²/


叮噹

/tiŋ⁵⁵ tɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tɪŋ⁵⁵ tɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tin⁴⁴⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/

/tin⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/

/tin⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tin³³ tɔŋ³³/

/tin⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɪŋ³³ tɔŋ³³/

/tin⁴⁴⁻³³ tiaŋ⁴⁴/

/tiŋ⁵⁵ tɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tɪŋ⁵⁵ tɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tin⁴⁴⁻²² taŋ⁴⁴/

/tin⁴⁴⁻³³ taŋ⁴⁴/

/tin⁴⁴⁻³³ tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tin³³ tɔŋ³³/

/tin⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tiɪŋ³³ tɔŋ³³/

/tin⁴⁴⁻³³ tiaŋ⁴⁴/


文久

/wən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐn²¹ kɐu̯³⁵/

/wən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐn²¹ kɐu̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 文久 (Bunkyū).

obor

Bunkyū (Japanese era spanning from February 1861 through February 1864)


四瀆

Refers to 長江／长江 (Cháng Jiāng), 黃河／黄河 (Huáng Hé), 淮河 (Huái Hé) and 濟水／济水 (Jǐ Shuǐ).

zh-l

黃河／黄河 (Huáng Hé)

濟水／济水 (Jǐ Shuǐ)

four large rivers that empty into an ocean

(archaic) the Yangtze, Huai River, Yellow River and Ji River


濟水

/t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


匹茲堡

/pʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰi⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɐt̚⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵ pou̯³⁵/

/pʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰi⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɐt̚⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵ pou̯³⁵/

Pittsburgh (a city in Pennsylvania, United States)


東印度

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ jɐn³³ tou̯²²/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ in⁵¹⁻⁵³ tu⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ jɐn³³ tou̯²²/


開題

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰi³⁵/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰi³⁵/


周朝

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

Qin was originally a vassal state of the Zhou dynasty.

Qín yuánshì Zhōucháo de yī ge zhūhóuguó.

秦原是周朝的一個諸侯國。

秦原是周朝的一个诸侯国。


和蘭

/xɤ³⁵ län³⁵/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ lan²³/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ lan²⁴/

/xɤ³⁵ län³⁵/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ lan²³/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ lan²⁴/

Transcription of Dutch Holland. In Hokkien, possibly reinforced as an orthographic borrowing from Japanese 和蘭.

Holland, also known as the "red-haired barbarians", is close to the land of the Franks (France).

1739, 明史 (History of Ming), 卷三百二十五　列傳第二百一十三　外國六 (Volume 325, Biographies 213: Foreign States 6)

Hélán, yòu míng hóngmáo fān, dì jìn fólángjī.

和蘭，又名紅毛番，地近佛郎機。

和兰，又名红毛番，地近佛郎机。

Holland, written as "荷蘭" in the History of Ming, is a country in coastal Europe.

1928, 清史稿 (Draft History of Qing), 卷159　志一百三十四　邦交七 (Volume 159, Record 134: Diplomatic Relations 7)

Hélán, míngshǐ zuò “hélán”, ōuluóbā bīnhǎi zhī guó.

和蘭，明史作「荷蘭」，歐羅巴濱海之國。

和兰，明史作「荷兰」，欧罗巴滨海之国。

(historical, obsolete) the Netherlands, Holland


白耳義

/paɪ̯³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹/

/paːk̚² jiː¹³ jiː²²/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡi³³/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ nĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi³³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹/

/paːk̚² jiː¹³ jiː²²/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡi³³/

/pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ nĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡi³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 白耳義(ベルギー) (Berugī), from Dutch België.

(obsolete) Belgium (a country in Western Europe that has borders with the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and France)


瑞西

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sui²²⁻²¹ se⁴⁴/

/sui⁴¹⁻²² se³³/

/sui²²⁻²¹ se⁴⁴/

/sui³³⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴/

/sui³³⁻²¹ se⁴⁴/

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sui²²⁻²¹ se⁴⁴/

/sui⁴¹⁻²² se³³/

/sui²²⁻²¹ se⁴⁴/

/sui³³⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴/

/sui³³⁻²¹ se⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 瑞西(スイス) (Suisu), from French Suisse.

(obsolete) Switzerland (a country in Western Europe and Central Europe)


丁抹

/tiŋ⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tiŋ⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 丁抹(デンマーク) (Denmāku).

(obsolete) Denmark (a country in Northern Europe)


安東尼婭

ㄢ ㄉㄨㄥ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄢ ㄉㄨㄥ ㄋㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʊŋ⁵⁵ ni³⁵ jä⁵¹/

A transliteration of the English female given name Antonia

A transliteration of the Portuguese female given name Antônia


阿拉貝拉

/ˀä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ peɪ̯⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the English female given name Arabella


奧爾德里奇

ㄠˋ ㄦˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄧˇ ㄑㄧˊ

ㄠˋ ㄦˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄧˇ ㄑㄧˊ

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

A transliteration of the English surname Aldridge


奧斯汀

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ siː⁵⁵ tʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ siː⁵⁵ tʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the English surname Austen or Austin

(Mainland China) Austin (a city, the state capital of Texas, United States)


奧爾科特

ㄠˋ ㄦˇ ㄎㄜ ㄊㄜˋ

ㄠˋ ㄦˇ ㄎㄜ ㄊㄜˋ

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

A transliteration of the English surname Alcott


阿麗絲

/ˀä⁵⁵ li⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ li⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the English female given name Alice


阿諾德

/ˀä⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/

/aː³³ nɔːk̚² tɐk̚⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/

/aː³³ nɔːk̚² tɐk̚⁵/

A transliteration of the English surname and male given name Arnold


阿格尼絲

/ˀä⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ ni³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ ni³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the English female given name Agnes


阿爾弗列德

ㄚ ㄦˇ ㄈㄨˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄉㄜˊ

ㄚ ㄦˇ ㄈㄨˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄉㄜˊ

/ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/

A transliteration of the English male given name Alfred


阿奇博爾德

ㄚ ㄑㄧˊ ㄅㄛˊ ㄦˇ ㄉㄜˊ

ㄚ ㄑㄧˊ ㄅㄛˊ ㄦˇ ㄉㄜˊ

/ˀä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵/

A transliteration of the English surname Archibald


柴棍

/ʈ͡ʂʰaɪ̯³⁵ ku̯ən⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰaɪ̯³⁵ ku̯ən⁵¹/

(rare) Alternative name for 西貢／西贡 (Xīgòng, “Saigon”).


闍婆

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (闍婆):
* → Japanese: 闍婆(じゃわ) (jawa)
* → Vietnamese: Đồ Bà (闍婆)

/ʂɤ³⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɛː²¹ pʰɔː²¹/

/ʂɤ³⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɛː²¹ pʰɔː²¹/

闍婆婆達 闍婆婆達#Chinese

阇婆婆达 阇婆婆达#Chinese

short for 闍婆婆達／阇婆婆达: Kalingga Kingdom, an ancient country in present-day Central Java, Indonesia.


新嘉坡

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰo⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɤ⁴⁴/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰo⁴⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ pʰɤ⁴⁴/

1838, “推農務之會”, in Karl Gützlaff, editor, 東西洋考每月統紀傳 [Eastern Western Monthly Magazine], page 12:

Xiànglái yú Xīnjiāpō zhī tǔ zhǐ zhòng bōluómì, hújiāo éryǐ. Hòu zāi gāopī, gānzhè, lóuténg.

向來於新嘉坡之土止種波羅蜜、胡椒而已。後栽羔丕、甘蔗、蔞藤。

向来于新嘉坡之土止种波罗蜜、胡椒而已。后栽羔丕、甘蔗、蒌藤。

1891, 薛福成 [Xue Fucheng], 出使英法義比四國日記, volume 1, page 15:

Yīngguó guānzhì, zhù Xiānggǎng, Xīnjiāpō děng chù zhě, wèi zhī “géwùnà”, yóu zhōngguó xúnfǔ yě. Zhù Yìndù zhě, yuē “géwùnàcuìnǎilán”, yóu zhōngguó zǒngdū yě. Xúnfǔ guǎnlǐ Xīnjiāpō, Bīnlángyǔ, Máliùjiǎ quánjìng, qí xià yǒu ànchásī, fǔzhèngsī guǎnlǐ mínshì.

英國官制，駐香港、新嘉坡等處者，謂之「搿物納」，猶中國巡撫也。駐印度者，曰「搿物納萃乃蘭」，猶中國總督也。巡撫管理新嘉坡、檳榔嶼、麻六甲全境，其下有按察司、輔政司管理民事。

英国官制，驻香港、新嘉坡等处者，谓之「搿物纳」，犹中国巡抚也。驻印度者，曰「搿物纳萃乃兰」，犹中国总督也。巡抚管理新嘉坡、槟榔屿、麻六甲全境，其下有按察司、辅政司管理民事。

(dated) Alternative name for 新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō, “Singapore”).: Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony and state of Malaysia (1963-1965))


羊城

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/yoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾niaŋ⁵³/

/ĩẽ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sĩã⁵⁵/

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/jœːŋ²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/yoŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾niaŋ⁵³/

/ĩẽ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sĩã⁵⁵/

From the 5 sheep or goats supposedly ridden by the Taoist immortals who visited Guangzhou at its founding and introduced the cultivation of rice to its people. Their mounts were said to have turned into the five stones once preserved in the city's Temple of the Five Immortals.

(literary) City of the Rams: Guangzhou in Guangdong.


富拉

Borrowed from English Fula, from Mandingo Fula.


頗爾

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


孫悟空

/su̯ən⁵⁵ u⁵¹ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/syːn⁵⁵ ŋ̍²² hʊŋ⁵⁵/

/sun²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋu⁵⁵ kʰuŋ²⁴/

/sun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋu⁵³ kʰʊŋ⁴⁴/

/sun⁴⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²²⁻²¹ kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sun³³ ŋɔ̃⁴¹⁻²² kʰɔŋ³³/

/sun⁴⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²²⁻²¹ kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sun⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃³³⁻¹¹ kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sun⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃³³⁻²¹ kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sɯŋ³³⁻²³ ŋo³⁵⁻¹¹ kʰoŋ³³/

/sən⁵⁵ ŋu³³ kʰoŋ²¹/

/su̯ən⁵⁵ u⁵¹ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵/

/syːn⁵⁵ ŋ̍²² hʊŋ⁵⁵/

/sun²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋu⁵⁵ kʰuŋ²⁴/

/sun⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ŋu⁵³ kʰʊŋ⁴⁴/

/sun⁴⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²²⁻²¹ kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sun³³ ŋɔ̃⁴¹⁻²² kʰɔŋ³³/

/sun⁴⁴⁻²² ŋɔ̃²²⁻²¹ kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sun⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃³³⁻¹¹ kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sun⁴⁴⁻³³ ŋɔ̃³³⁻²¹ kʰɔŋ⁴⁴/

/sɯŋ³³⁻²³ ŋo³⁵⁻¹¹ kʰoŋ³³/

/sən⁵⁵ ŋu³³ kʰoŋ²¹/

孫悟空大鬧天宮——慌了神 / 孙悟空大闹天宫——慌了神

Sūn Wùkōng dà nào tiāngōng, huāng le shén


黃土高原

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄍㄠ ㄩㄢˊ

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄊㄨˇ ㄍㄠ ㄩㄢˊ

Хуанту Гаоюань

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ tʰou̯³⁵ kou̯⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ tʰou̯³⁵ kou̯⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/


青藏高原

ㄑㄧㄥ ㄗㄤˋ ㄍㄠ ㄩㄢˊ

ㄑㄧㄥ ㄗㄤˋ ㄍㄠ ㄩㄢˊ

Цинцзан Гаоюань

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²² kou̯⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²² kou̯⁵⁵ jyːn²¹/


青藏

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²²/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ t͡sɒŋ¹¹/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɒŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²²/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ t͡sɒŋ¹¹/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sɒŋ²¹/


端陽

/tu̯än⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/tyːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/ton⁵³ ʒoŋ⁵⁵/

/tuan⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/tuan⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/

/tuan⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/tuan⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

/tø⁵⁵ ɦiã²¹/

/tɵ³³ ɦiaŋ³³/

/tõ³³ i̯æn¹³/

/tu̯än⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/tyːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/ton⁵³ ʒoŋ⁵⁵/

/tuan⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/tuan⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/

/tuan⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/tuan⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

/tø⁵⁵ ɦiã²¹/

/tɵ³³ ɦiaŋ³³/

/tõ³³ i̯æn¹³/

Dragon Boat Festival
Dragon Boat Festival

Alternative name for 端午節／端午节 (Duānwǔjié, “Dragon Boat Festival”).


端陽節

ㄉㄨㄢ ㄧㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

ㄉㄨㄢ ㄧㄤˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

/tu̯än⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/tyːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹ t͡siːt̚³/

/tø⁵⁵ ɦiã³³ t͡ɕiɪʔ²¹/

/tu̯än⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/tyːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹ t͡siːt̚³/

/tø⁵⁵ ɦiã³³ t͡ɕiɪʔ²¹/


普洱

→ English: Pu'er, Puer

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰou̯³⁵ nei̯¹³⁻³⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ nei̯¹³⁻³⁵/

/pʰou̯³⁵ jiː¹³/

/pʰu³³ ɦəl⁴⁴/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰou̯³⁵ nei̯¹³⁻³⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ nei̯¹³⁻³⁵/

/pʰou̯³⁵ jiː¹³/

/pʰu³³ ɦəl⁴⁴/

(～市) Pu'er, Puer (a prefecture-level city of Yunnan, China)


比什凱克

ㄅㄧˇ ㄕˊ ㄎㄞˇ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄅㄧˇ ㄕˊ ㄎㄞˇ ㄎㄜˋ

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/pei̯³⁵ sɐp̚² hɔːi̯³⁵ hɐk̚⁵/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sip̚⁴⁻³² kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/pi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sip̚²⁴⁻² kʰai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰiak̚⁵/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/pei̯³⁵ sɐp̚² hɔːi̯³⁵ hɐk̚⁵/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/pi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sip̚⁴⁻³² kʰai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/pi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sip̚²⁴⁻² kʰai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kʰiak̚⁵/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Bishkek (a city, the capital city of Kyrgyzstan)


虎牙

/xu²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä³⁵/

/fuː³⁵ ŋaː²¹/

/xu²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä³⁵/

/fuː³⁵ ŋaː²¹/

(～街道) Huya (a subdistrict of Xiaoting district, Yichang, Hubei, China)


水城

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～縣) Shuicheng County (a county of Guizhou, China)


朝霞

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 朝(あさ)霞(か) (Asaka).

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ haː²¹/

/tiau⁴⁴⁻²² hɛ¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/t͡siːu̯⁵⁵ haː²¹/

/tiau⁴⁴⁻²² hɛ¹³/

(～市) Asaka (a city in Saitama Prefecture, Japan)


銅鑼

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ lɔː²¹/

/tʰuŋ¹¹ lo¹¹/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/

/taŋ¹³⁻²² lo¹³/

/taŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lo²⁴/

/taŋ²³⁻³³ lɤ²³/

/tʰʊŋ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tʰʊŋ²¹ lɔː²¹/

/tʰuŋ¹¹ lo¹¹/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/

/taŋ²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴/

/taŋ¹³⁻²² lo¹³/

/taŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lo²⁴/

/taŋ²³⁻³³ lɤ²³/

(～鄉) Tongluo (a rural township in Miaoli County, Taiwan)


木魚

/mu⁵¹ yə̯ɻ³⁵/

/mʊk̚² jyː²¹⁻³⁵/

/ᵐbɵk̚³² ᵑɡui²²/

/muk̚² ŋ̍¹¹/

/bɔk̚⁵⁻² hi²⁴/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² hi²³/

/bɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hi¹³/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² hi²⁴/

/bɔk̚²⁴⁻² hɯ²⁴/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² hu²⁴/

/moʔ¹¹ ɦy²³/

/mu⁵¹ yə̯ɻ³⁵/

/mʊk̚² jyː²¹⁻³⁵/

/ᵐbɵk̚³² ᵑɡui²²/

/muk̚² ŋ̍¹¹/

/bɔk̚⁵⁻² hi²⁴/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² hi²³/

/bɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ hi¹³/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² hi²⁴/

/bɔk̚²⁴⁻² hɯ²⁴/

/bɔk̚⁴⁻³² hu²⁴/

/moʔ¹¹ ɦy²³/

(～鎮) Muyu (a town in Shennongjia, Hubei, China)

(～村) Muyu (a village in Muyu, Shennongjia, Hubei, China)


普實臺文

ㄆㄨˇ ㄕˊ ㄊㄞˊ ㄨㄣˊ

ㄆㄨˇ ㄕˊ ㄊㄞˊ ㄨㄣˊ

Пуши Тайвэнь

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ wən³⁵/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sit̚⁴⁻³² tai²⁴⁻²² bun²⁴/

/pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sit̚²⁴⁻² tai²⁴⁻²² bun²⁴/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tai¹³⁻²² bun¹³/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sit̚⁴⁻³² tai²⁴⁻¹¹ bun²⁴/

/pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sit̚⁴⁻³² tai²³⁻³³ bun²³/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ wən³⁵/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sit̚⁴⁻³² tai²⁴⁻²² bun²⁴/

/pʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sit̚²⁴⁻² tai²⁴⁻²² bun²⁴/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sit̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tai¹³⁻²² bun¹³/

/pʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sit̚⁴⁻³² tai²⁴⁻¹¹ bun²⁴/

/pʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sit̚⁴⁻³² tai²³⁻³³ bun²³/

Phofsit Daibuun (a Latin alphabet-based orthography for Hokkien)


阿彌陀佛

Sino-Xenic (阿彌陀佛):
* → Japanese: 阿(あ)弥(み)陀(だ)仏(ぶつ) (Amidabutsu)
* → Korean: 아미타불(阿彌陀佛) (Amitabul)
* → Vietnamese: A Di Đà Phật (阿彌陀佛)

ㄜ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

ㄚ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

ㄜ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

/ˀɤ⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

ㄚ ㄇㄧˊ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄛˊ

/ˀä⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ɔː⁵⁵ mei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ɔː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ŋo⁴² mi² tʰo²⁴ fɨt̚⁵/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ ni²⁴ tʰo¹¹ fut̚⁵/

/o⁵⁵ mi⁵³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ^((tʰ-))lo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uʔ⁵/

or¹ bi² tor² hoh⁷ [Phonetic:or⁵ bi¹ tor⁵ hoh⁷]

/ɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ pi¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ¹³⁻¹¹ hɔʔ⁴/

or¹ bi² tor² huoh⁷ [Phonetic:or⁵ bi¹ tor⁵ huoh⁷]

/ɒ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ pi²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ²⁴⁻²¹ huoʔ⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/ɔ³³ mĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huk̚⁴/

/o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo²¹³⁻⁵⁵ huk̚²/

/o⁵⁵ mi³³ du³³ vəʔ²¹/

/əu⁵² mi¹¹ dəu vəʔ²³/

/ˀɤ⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ mi³⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ɔː⁵⁵ mei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ɔː⁵⁵ nei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹ tʰɔː²¹ fɐt̚²/

/ŋo⁴² mi² tʰo²⁴ fɨt̚⁵/

/o²⁴⁻¹¹ ni²⁴ tʰo¹¹ fut̚⁵/

/o⁵⁵ mi⁵³⁽⁻²¹⁾ ^((tʰ-))lo⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uʔ⁵/

/ɒ⁵³³⁻¹¹ pi¹³⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ¹³⁻¹¹ hɔʔ⁴/

/ɒ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ pi²⁴⁻⁵⁵ tʰɒ²⁴⁻²¹ huoʔ⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/ɔ³³ mĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² to²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² mĩ²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ bi⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²⁴⁻²² hut̚²⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/o⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ hut̚⁴/

/ɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ mĩ²³⁻³³ tɤ²³⁻³³ hut̚⁴/

/o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ huk̚⁴/

/o³³⁻²³ ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ tʰo²¹³⁻⁵⁵ huk̚²/

/o⁵⁵ mi³³ du³³ vəʔ²¹/

/əu⁵² mi¹¹ dəu vəʔ²³/

Borrowed from Sanskrit अमिताभ (amitābha, “limitless light”).


星洲

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ t͡siu³³/

/ɕiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ t͡siu³³/


英國英語

ㄧㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄥ ㄩˇ

ㄧㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄥ ㄩˇ

/iŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵ iŋ⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³ jɪŋ⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/iŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵ iŋ⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³ jɪŋ⁵⁵ jyː¹³/


英式英語

/iŋ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ iŋ⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵ jɪŋ⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/in⁵⁵ səʔ³³ in³³ n̠ʲy²¹/

/in⁴⁴ səʔ⁴⁴ in⁴⁴ n̠ʲy/

/iŋ⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ iŋ⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵ jɪŋ⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/in⁵⁵ səʔ³³ in³³ n̠ʲy²¹/

/in⁴⁴ səʔ⁴⁴ in⁴⁴ n̠ʲy/


歐亞大陸

ㄡ ㄧㄚˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄨˋ

ㄡ ㄧㄚˇ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄨˋ

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/ɐu̯⁵⁵ aː³³ taːi̯²² lʊk̚²/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/ɐu̯⁵⁵ aː³³ taːi̯²² lʊk̚²/

Eurasia (a supercontinent consisting of Europe and Asia)


第三世界

ㄉㄧˋ ㄙㄢ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ

ㄉㄧˋ ㄙㄢ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ

Дисань Шицзе

/ti⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/tɐi̯²² saːm⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³/

/te²²⁻²¹ sã⁴⁴⁻²² se²¹⁻⁵³ kai²¹/

/te⁴¹⁻²² sã³³ se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kai⁴¹/

/te²²⁻²¹ sã⁴⁴⁻²² se²¹⁻⁵³ kai²¹/

/te³³⁻¹¹ sã⁴⁴⁻³³ se¹¹⁻⁵³ kai¹¹/

/te³³⁻²¹ sã⁴⁴⁻³³ se²¹⁻⁴¹ kai²¹/

/ti⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/tɐi̯²² saːm⁵⁵ sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³/

/te²²⁻²¹ sã⁴⁴⁻²² se²¹⁻⁵³ kai²¹/

/te⁴¹⁻²² sã³³ se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kai⁴¹/

/te²²⁻²¹ sã⁴⁴⁻²² se²¹⁻⁵³ kai²¹/

/te³³⁻¹¹ sã⁴⁴⁻³³ se¹¹⁻⁵³ kai¹¹/

/te³³⁻²¹ sã⁴⁴⁻³³ se²¹⁻⁴¹ kai²¹/


白頭山

→ English: Baitou

/paɪ̯³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/paɪ̯³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Paektu Mountain (mountain on the border between China and North Korea)


八岐大蛇

ㄅㄚ ㄑㄧˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄕㄜˊ

ㄅㄚ ㄑㄧˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄕㄜˊ

/pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ tä⁵¹ ʂɤ³⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ tä⁵¹ ʂɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八(や)岐(またの)大(お)蛇(ろち) (Yamata no Orochi).

ja-r

^や%また の% ^お%ろち

(Japanese mythology, Shinto) Yamata no Orochi, a legendary dragon that was slain by Susanoo


原始印歐語

ㄩㄢˊ ㄕˇ ㄧㄣˋ ㄡ ㄩˇ

ㄩㄢˊ ㄕˇ ㄧㄣˋ ㄡ ㄩˇ

Юаньши Иньоуюй

/ɥɛn³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ in⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jyːn²¹ t͡sʰiː³⁵ jɐn³³ ɐu̯⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/jyːn²¹ t͡sʰiː³⁵ jɐn³³ ɐu̯⁵⁵ jyː¹³/


印歐語

/in⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐn³³ ɐu̯⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/in⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐn³³ ɐu̯⁵⁵ jyː¹³/


澳大利亞聯邦

ㄠˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄅㄤ

ㄠˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˇ ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄅㄤ

Аодалия Ляньбан

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹ li̯ɛn³⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɛn³⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ou̯³³ taːi̯²² lei̯²² aː³³ lyːn²¹ pɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Commonwealth of Australia
Commonwealth of Australia#English:_Q408

Commonwealth of Australia (official name of Australia: a country in Oceania)


郎君

/lɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/lɔːŋ²¹ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kun³³/

/lɔŋ¹³⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/lɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kun⁴⁴/

/lɔŋ²³⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/lɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/lɔːŋ²¹ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/lɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kun³³/

/lɔŋ¹³⁻²² kun⁴⁴/

/lɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kun⁴⁴/

/lɔŋ²³⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

(～鎮) Langjun (a town in Yingcheng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)


藏傳佛教

ㄗㄤˋ ㄔㄨㄢˊ ㄈㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

ㄗㄤˋ ㄔㄨㄢˊ ㄈㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

Цзанчуань Фоцзяо

/t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sɔːŋ²² t͡sʰyːn²¹ fɐt̚² kaːu̯³³/

/t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sɔːŋ²² t͡sʰyːn²¹ fɐt̚² kaːu̯³³/

Tibetan Buddhism; Vajrayana Buddhism; Lamaism


喇嘛教

ㄌㄚˇ ˙ㄇㄚ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

ㄌㄚˇ ˙ㄇㄚ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

/lä²¹⁴ mä⁴ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/laː⁵⁵ maː²¹ kaːu̯³³/

/la(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹/

/la¹¹⁻⁵³ mã²⁴⁻¹¹ kau¹¹/

/la²¹⁻⁴¹ mã²³⁻³³ kau²¹/

/lä²¹⁴ mä⁴ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/laː⁵⁵ maː²¹ kaːu̯³³/

/la(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kau²¹/

/la¹¹⁻⁵³ mã²⁴⁻¹¹ kau¹¹/

/la²¹⁻⁴¹ mã²³⁻³³ kau²¹/


世界銀行

ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄤˊ

ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄤˊ

Шицзе Иньхан

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ in³⁵ xɑŋ³⁵/

/sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³ ŋɐn²¹ hɔːŋ²¹/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ in³⁵ xɑŋ³⁵/

/sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³ ŋɐn²¹ hɔːŋ²¹/


爾雅

/ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː¹³ ŋaː¹³/

/nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³/

/nĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ŋã⁵⁵⁴/

/nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³/

/nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³/

/nĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁴¹/

/ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː¹³ ŋaː¹³/

/nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³/

/nĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ŋã⁵⁵⁴/

/nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³/

/nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³/

/nĩ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁴¹/

Erya (the oldest surviving Chinese dictionary or Chinese encyclopedia known)


閩北

/min²¹⁴⁻³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/min³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐn¹³ pɐk̚⁵/

/mɐn²¹ pɐk̚⁵/

/maiŋ³³ pɛ²⁴/

/miŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mɔyʔ²⁴/

/maŋ¹³⁻⁴² paʔ²¹/

/maŋ²⁴⁻⁴² paʔ²/

/ban²⁴⁻²² pak̚³²/

/ban¹³⁻²² pak̚³²/

/ban²⁴⁻¹¹ pak̚³²/

/ban²³⁻³³ pak̚³²/

/min²¹⁴⁻³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/min³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐn¹³ pɐk̚⁵/

/mɐn²¹ pɐk̚⁵/

/maiŋ³³ pɛ²⁴/

/miŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾mɔyʔ²⁴/

/maŋ¹³⁻⁴² paʔ²¹/

/maŋ²⁴⁻⁴² paʔ²/

/ban²⁴⁻²² pak̚³²/

/ban¹³⁻²² pak̚³²/

/ban²⁴⁻¹¹ pak̚³²/

/ban²³⁻³³ pak̚³²/


青龍

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (青龍):
* → Japanese: 青(せい)竜(りゅう) (seiryū)
* → Korean: 청룡(青龍) (cheongnyong)
* → Vietnamese: Thanh Long (青龍)

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ lœŋ¹³/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lyøŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ lœŋ¹³/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ lyøŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

(Chinese mythology) Azure Dragon (one of the Four symbols of the Chinese constellations)

(Chinese mythology) Green Dragon (guardian spirit of the east)

～滿族自治縣 青龍滿族自治縣#Chinese

(～滿族自治縣) Qinglong (a Manchu autonomous county of Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China)

(～鎮) Qinglong (a town in Fengjie, Chongqing, China)

(～鎮) Qinglong (a former town in Jiangsu, China)

(～江) Qinglong (a river in Zhejiang, China), an alternative name of the lower Ao (鰲江/鳌江)


獅子宮

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/


天秤宮

ㄊㄧㄢ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄥ

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ pʰiŋ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/


人馬宮

/ʐən³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʐən³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/


祆教

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kau²¹/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/hiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² kau²¹/


瑣羅亞斯德教

ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄚˋ ㄙ ㄉㄜˊ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄚˇ ㄙ ㄉㄜˊ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

Солоясыдэцзяо

/su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ jä⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/sɔː³⁵ lɔː²¹ aː³³ siː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵ kaːu̯³³/

/sɔː³⁵ lɔː²¹ aː³³ siː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵ kaːu̯³³/


索羅亞斯德教

ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄚˋ ㄙ ㄉㄜˊ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

ㄙㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄚˇ ㄙ ㄉㄜˊ ㄐㄧㄠˋ

Солоясыдэцзяо

瑣羅亞斯德教 瑣羅亞斯德教#Chinese

琐罗亚斯德教 琐罗亚斯德教#Chinese

(religion) synonym of 瑣羅亞斯德教 /琐罗亚斯德教 (Suǒluóyàsīdéjiào, “Zoroastrianism”)


回紇

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wuːi̯²¹ hɐt̚²/

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/wuːi̯²¹ hɐt̚²/


回鶻

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ xu³⁵/

/wuːi̯²¹ wɐt̚²/

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ xu³⁵/

/wuːi̯²¹ wɐt̚²/

From either Old Uyghur 𐽳𐽶𐽲𐽳𐽾 (wyqwr) or Old Turkic 𐰆𐰖𐰍𐰺 (uy¹ǧr¹), Doublet of 維吾爾／维吾尔 (Wéiwú'ěr).

zh-l

維吾爾／维吾尔 (Wéiwú'ěr)


魏晉南北朝

ㄨㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄋㄢˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄔㄠˊ

ㄨㄟˋ ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄋㄢˊ ㄅㄟˇ ㄔㄠˊ

Вэйцзинь Наньбэй Чао

/weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹ nän³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/ŋɐi̯²² t͡sɵn³³ naːm²¹ pɐk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

the Wei, Jin and Northern and Southern dynasties (major period in Chinese history between the Han and Sui dynasties from 220 to 589)


魏晉

/weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/ŋɐi̯²² t͡sɵn³³/

/weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/ŋɐi̯²² t͡sɵn³³/


南北朝

/nän³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pɐk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾møyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ tieu⁵³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² pak̚³²⁻⁴ tiau²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiau²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² pak̚³²⁻⁵ tiau¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ pak̚³²⁻⁴ tiau²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ pak̚³²⁻⁴ tiau²³/

/nän³⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/naːm²¹ pɐk̚⁵ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾møyʔ²⁴⁻²¹ tieu⁵³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² pak̚³²⁻⁴ tiau²⁴/

/lam²⁴⁻²² pak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiau²⁴/

/lam¹³⁻²² pak̚³²⁻⁵ tiau¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ pak̚³²⁻⁴ tiau²⁴/

/lam²³⁻³³ pak̚³²⁻⁴ tiau²³/

the Northern and Southern dynasties (420-589 in Chinese history)

the Nanboku-chō period (1336-1392 in Japanese history)

the Southern and Northern dynasties (1533 to 1592 in Vietnamese history)


中土

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (中土):
* → Korean: 중토(中土) (jungto)

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰou̯³⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/

/tiɔŋ³³ tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ⁵³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ⁴¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰou̯³⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/

/tiɔŋ³³ tʰɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰɔ⁵³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ⁵³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰɔ⁴¹/

Emperor Wu of Liang once asked a person from the Central Plain: "Why do the people of the north not know of clans?"

Yan Zhitui, The Family Instructions of Master Yan, 6ᵗʰ century CE

Liáng Wǔdì cháng wèn yī Zhōngtǔ rén yuē: “Qīng běirén, hégù bùzhī yǒu zú?”

梁武帝嘗問一中土人曰：「卿北人，何故不知有族？」

梁武帝尝问一中土人曰：「卿北人，何故不知有族？」

the Central Plain (area on the lower reaches of the Yellow River which formed the cradle of Chinese civilization)

Shi Huijiao, Memoirs of Eminent Monks, circa 530 CE

Fótúluóchà, bù zhī hé guó rén, dé yè chúncuì, gāi lǎn jīngdiǎn. Jiǔ yóu Zhōngtǔ, shàn xián hànyán, qí xuān yì fàn, wén jiàn zhòng fú shì.

佛圖羅剎，不知何國人，德業純粹，該覽經典。久遊中土，善閑漢言，其宣譯梵，文見重符世。

佛图罗刹，不知何国人，德业纯粹，该览经典。久游中土，善闲汉言，其宣译梵，文见重符世。


巨石陣

/t͡ɕy⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/kɵy̯²² sɛːk̚² t͡sɐn²²/

/t͡ɕy⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵¹/

/kɵy̯²² sɛːk̚² t͡sɐn²²/


東盟

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ mɤŋ³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ mɐŋ²¹/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

/taŋ³³ biɪŋ²⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ¹³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²³/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ mɤŋ³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ mɐŋ²¹/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

/taŋ³³ biɪŋ²⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² biɪŋ¹³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ biɪŋ²³/

東南亞國家聯盟 東南亞國家聯盟#Chinese

东南亚国家联盟 东南亚国家联盟#Chinese

(Mainland China) short for 東南亞國家聯盟／东南亚国家联盟 (Dōngnányà Guójiā Liánméng)


天父

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ fu⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ fuː²²/

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ fu⁵⁵/

/tʰɛŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ hu¹¹/

/tʰɛŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ hu²¹/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ hu³³/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ fu⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ fuː²²/

/tʰi̯en²⁴⁻¹¹ fu⁵⁵/

/tʰɛŋ⁵³³⁻¹³ hu¹¹/

/tʰɛŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²⁴ hu²¹/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ hu³³/


尼瑪

/ni³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ni³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Borrowed from Tibetan ཉི་མ (nyi ma, “sun”).

(～縣) Nyima (a county of Nagqu, Tibet Autonomous Region, China)

ཉི་མ ཉི་མ#Tibetan

A transliteration of the Tibetan unisex given name ཉི་མ (nyi ma), Nyima


和順

/xɤ³⁵ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/wɔː²¹ sɵn²²/

/ho²⁴⁻²² sun²²/

/ho²⁴⁻²² sun⁴¹/

/ho¹³⁻²² sun²²/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ sun³³/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ sun³³/

/xɤ³⁵ ʂu̯ən⁵¹/

/wɔː²¹ sɵn²²/

/ho²⁴⁻²² sun²²/

/ho²⁴⁻²² sun⁴¹/

/ho¹³⁻²² sun²²/

/ho²⁴⁻¹¹ sun³³/

/hɤ²³⁻³³ sun³³/

(～縣) Heshun (a county of Jinzhong, Shanxi, China)


哥斯拉

/kɤ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/kɤ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/


紅十字

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sip̚⁴⁻³² d͡zi³³/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ sip̚⁴⁻³² zi³³/

/aŋ²³⁻²¹ t͡sap̚⁴⁻³ d͡zi²¹/

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/aŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ sip̚⁴⁻³² d͡zi³³/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ sip̚⁴⁻³² zi³³/

/aŋ²³⁻²¹ t͡sap̚⁴⁻³ d͡zi²¹/


紅十字會

ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄕˊ ㄗˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

ㄏㄨㄥˊ ㄕˊ ㄗˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

Хуншицзыхуэй

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/hʊŋ²¹ sɐp̚² t͡siː²² wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ sip̚⁴⁻³² zi³³⁻²¹ hue³³/

/aŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sap̚⁴⁻² d͡zi¹¹ hue³⁵/

/xʊŋ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/hʊŋ²¹ sɐp̚² t͡siː²² wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/aŋ²³⁻³³ sip̚⁴⁻³² zi³³⁻²¹ hue³³/

/aŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sap̚⁴⁻² d͡zi¹¹ hue³⁵/


布依

Bouyei; Buyei (an ethnic group of southern China and northern Vietnam)


西雙版納

desc

→ English: Hsishuangpanna, Hsi-shuang-pan-na, Xishuangbanna

ㄒㄧ ㄕㄨㄤ ㄅㄢˇ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄒㄧ ㄕㄨㄤ ㄅㄢˇ ㄋㄚˋ

Сишуанбаньна

/ɕi⁵⁵ ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ sœːŋ⁵⁵ paːn³⁵ naːp̚²/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ sœːŋ⁵⁵ paːn³⁵ naːp̚²/

Borrowed from Lü ᧑᧒ᦗᧃᦓᦱ (12pannaa) or ᦉᦲᧇᦉᦸᧂᦗᧃᦓᦱ (ṡiibṡoangpannaa).

～傣族自治州 西雙版納傣族自治州#Chinese

autonomous prefecture
autonomous prefecture

(～傣族自治州, ～州) Xishuangbanna (an autonomous prefecture of Yunnan, China)


方舟

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ³³ t͡siu³³/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/fɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

/fɑ̃⁴⁴ t͡søy/

/fɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/fɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ³³ t͡siu³³/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/hɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/fɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡sɤ²¹/

/fɑ̃⁴⁴ t͡søy/

(Christianity, Judaism, Islam) Ark (ship built by Noah)


新石器時代

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄕˊ ㄑㄧˋ ㄕˊ ㄉㄞˋ

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄕˊ ㄑㄧˋ ㄕˊ ㄉㄞˋ

Синьшици Шидай

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ sɛːk̚² hei̯³³ siː²¹ tɔːi̯²²/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ sɛːk̚² hei̯³³ siː²¹ tɔːi̯²²/


黑森林

Хэй Сэньлинь

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ sən⁵⁵ lin³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ sɐm⁵⁵ lɐm²¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ sən⁵⁵ lin³⁵/

/hɐk̚⁵ sɐm⁵⁵ lɐm²¹/


加里

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

A transliteration of the English male given name and surname Gary or Garry


石炭紀

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ tʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/sɛːk̚² tʰaːn³³ kei̯³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ tʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi⁵¹/

/sɛːk̚² tʰaːn³³ kei̯³⁵/

(geology) the Carboniferous period (part of the Paleozoic era, spanning from 358.9 to 298.9 million years ago)


海豚座

ㄏㄞˇ ㄊㄨㄣˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄏㄞˇ ㄊㄨㄣˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ən³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ tʰyːn²¹ t͡sɔː²²/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ən³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ tʰyːn²¹ t͡sɔː²²/


麒麟座

ㄑㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄑㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ lin³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ lɵn²¹ t͡sɔː²²/

/t͡ɕʰi³⁵ lin³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/kʰei̯²¹ lɵn²¹ t͡sɔː²²/


孔雀座

ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄑㄩㄝˋ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

/kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/hʊŋ³⁵ t͡sœːk̚³ t͡sɔː²²/

/kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/hʊŋ³⁵ t͡sœːk̚³ t͡sɔː²²/


万俟

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/mɐk̚² kʰei̯²¹/

/pɒʔ⁴⁻²¹ ki¹³/

/pɒʔ⁴⁻² ki²⁴/

/biɪk̚⁴⁻³² ki²⁴/

/biɪk̚⁴⁻³² ki²³/

/biɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ ki¹³/

/mok̚⁴⁻² kʰi⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/mɐk̚² kʰei̯²¹/

/pɒʔ⁴⁻²¹ ki¹³/

/pɒʔ⁴⁻² ki²⁴/

/biɪk̚⁴⁻³² ki²⁴/

/biɪk̚⁴⁻³² ki²³/

/biɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ ki¹³/

/mok̚⁴⁻² kʰi⁵⁵/


西京

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

(historical) "The Western Capital", a former name of:

Xi'an (西安), Shaanxi, during the Han, Sui, and Tang dynasties

Luoyang (洛陽／洛阳), Henan, during the later Jin dynasty

Datong (大同), Shanxi, during the Liao dynasty

Chengdu (成都), Sichuan, during its occupation by a short-lived successor state to the Ming.

Pyongyang (平壤), Korea, officially from before 921 to 1369 and poetically thereafter


金陵

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ lɪŋ²¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/kɐm⁵⁵ lɪŋ²¹/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻²² liɪŋ¹³/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²⁴/

/kim⁴⁴⁻³³ liɪŋ²³/

The etymology has been debated. Several sources, such as《建康實錄》(The Jiankang Annals, c. middle 8th century), mentioned a historical 邑 (yì, “fortified town”) with the name created after King Wei of Chu's conquest of the Yue (c. 334–306 BCE). However, actual attestations in pre-Qin or Han literature were missing. The name saw attestation in well-established corpus starting from the Nanbeichao era, especially in the literature during and after the 齊 and 梁 periods (early and middle 6th century). For example, in the《顏氏家訓》:
The designation 金陵 (Jīnlíng, literally “precious hills”) was frequently used in poetic works of the era, for example

After careful discussion and study, we can conclude that the various dialects can be classified into the two major language divisions of Jinling and Luoxia.

Yan Zhitui, late 6th century, Family Instructions of Master Yan (《顏氏家訓》)

Què ér liáng zhī, dú Jīnlíng yǔ Luòxià ěr.

搉而量之，獨金陵與洛下耳。

搉而量之，独金陵与洛下耳。

He shall remember
the enchanted trees of the Royal Realm
and delicate, fragrant herbs of Jinling.

Jiang Yan, c. late 5th century, Four Seasons (《四時賦》)

Yì shàngguó zhī qǐshù, xiǎng Jīnlíng zhī huìzhī.

憶上國之綺樹，想金陵之蕙枝。

忆上国之绮树，想金陵之蕙枝。

That fateful tenth month, the year of Wu-Chen,
a Great Thief stole my country, and
Jinling crumbled like broken clay.

Yu Xin, c. 578, The Lament for the South (《哀江南賦》)

Yuèyǐ Wù Chén zhīnián, jiàn Hài zhīyuè, dàdào yíguó, jīnlíng wǎjiě.

粵以戊辰之年，建亥之月，大盜移國，金陵瓦解。

粤以戊辰之年，建亥之月，大盗移国，金陵瓦解。

(chiefly literary or poetic) synonym of 南京 (Nánjīng)

548
Hou Jing
Jiang Yan
King Wei of Chu
Liang dynasty
Nanbeichao
Qin dynasty
Southern Qi
Yan Zhitui
zh:楚破越


伯利恆

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ li⁵¹ xɤŋ³⁵/

/paːk̚³ lei̯²² hɐŋ²¹/

/pɛiʔ²⁴⁻²¹ l̃i²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hɛiŋ⁵³/

beh⁶ li⁵ heng² [Phonetic:beh⁴ li⁵ heng²]

/pɛʔ²¹⁻⁴² li¹¹ hɛŋ¹³/

beh⁶ li⁵ heng² [Phonetic:beh⁷ li⁵ heng²]

/pɛʔ²⁻⁴ li²¹ hɛŋ²⁴/

/piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ li³³⁻²¹ hiɪŋ²³/

/piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ li²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ²⁴/

/piɪk̚³²⁻⁵ li²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ¹³/

/piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ li³³⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ²⁴/

/piak̚⁵⁻²⁴ li⁴¹⁻²² hŋ̍²⁴/

/pek̚²⁻⁴ li³⁵⁻¹¹ heŋ⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ li⁵¹ xɤŋ³⁵/

/paːk̚³ lei̯²² hɐŋ²¹/

/pɛiʔ²⁴⁻²¹ l̃i²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hɛiŋ⁵³/

/pɛʔ²¹⁻⁴² li¹¹ hɛŋ¹³/

/pɛʔ²⁻⁴ li²¹ hɛŋ²⁴/

/piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ li³³⁻²¹ hiɪŋ²³/

/piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ li²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ²⁴/

/piɪk̚³²⁻⁵ li²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ¹³/

/piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ li³³⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ²⁴/

/piak̚⁵⁻²⁴ li⁴¹⁻²² hŋ̍²⁴/

/pek̚²⁻⁴ li³⁵⁻¹¹ heŋ⁵⁵/

Ultimately from Hebrew בֵּית לֶחֶם (bēṯ léḥem).

der

Hebrew בֵּית לֶחֶם (bēṯ léḥem)

(Protestantism, Eastern Orthodoxy or secular) Bethlehem (a city in the West Bank, Palestine, believed to be the birthplace of Jesus)


馬太

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/maː¹³ tʰaːi̯³³/

/ma²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵/

/ma²¹ tʰuɛ³³/

/ma³³⁻⁵⁵ tʰɑi²¹³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰai²¹/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰai⁴¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰai²¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰai¹¹/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰai²¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/maː¹³ tʰaːi̯³³/

/ma²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵/

/ma²¹ tʰuɛ³³/

/ma³³⁻⁵⁵ tʰɑi²¹³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰai²¹/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tʰai⁴¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰai²¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tʰai¹¹/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tʰai²¹/


彝族

/jiː²¹ t͡sʊk̚²/

/i²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚⁴/

/i²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚²⁴/

/i¹³⁻²² t͡sɔk̚¹²¹/

/jiː²¹ t͡sʊk̚²/

/i²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚⁴/

/i²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚²⁴/

/i¹³⁻²² t͡sɔk̚¹²¹/


蘇拉威西

/su⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ weɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sou̯⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ wɐi̯⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/su⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ weɪ̯⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/sou̯⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ wɐi̯⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

(～島) Sulawesi (an island of Indonesia, the world's eleventh-largest island)


布依語

/pu⁵¹ i⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pou̯³³ jiː⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/puo²¹³⁻²¹ i⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ŋy³³/

/pu⁵¹ i⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pou̯³³ jiː⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/puo²¹³⁻²¹ i⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ŋy³³/


法拉盛

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/faːt̚³ laːi̯⁵⁵ sɪŋ²²/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵¹/

/faːt̚³ laːi̯⁵⁵ sɪŋ²²/

Flushing (a neighborhood of Queens, New York City, New York, United States)


奧斯曼帝國

ㄠˋ ㄙ ㄇㄢˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄠˋ ㄙ ㄇㄢˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Аосымань Диго

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ män⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/ou̯³³ siː⁵⁵ maːn²² tɐi̯³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ män⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/ou̯³³ siː⁵⁵ maːn²² tɐi̯³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire#English:_Q12560

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

(Mainland China) (historical) Ottoman Empire (a large former Turkish empire centered in modern Turkey that ruled over much of Southeast Europe, West Asia and North Africa from 1299 to 1922)


港澳臺

/kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/kɔːŋ³⁵ ou̯³³ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/kɔːŋ³⁵ ou̯³³ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

Short for 香港 (Xiānggǎng) + 澳門／澳门 (Àomén) + 臺灣／台湾 (Táiwān).

zh-etym-short

international and Hong Kong/Macau/Taiwan flights

國際、港澳臺航班

国际、港澳台航班


自強

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡siː²² kʰœːŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ kʰi̯oŋ¹¹/

/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾yoŋ⁵³/

/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² kiɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ kiɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ kiaŋ¹³/

/t͡sz̩⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡siː²² kʰœːŋ²¹/

/t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ kʰi̯oŋ¹¹/

/t͡sy²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾yoŋ⁵³/

/t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² kiɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ kiɔŋ²⁴/

/t͡su²²⁻²¹ kiaŋ¹³/

(～里) an urban village in Songshan district, Taipei, Taiwan


比薩斜塔

ㄅㄧˇ ㄙㄚˋ ㄒㄧㄝˊ ㄊㄚˇ

ㄅㄧˇ ㄙㄚˋ ㄒㄧㄝˊ ㄊㄚˇ

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ sä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pei̯³⁵ saːt̚³ t͡sʰɛː²¹ tʰaːp̚³/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ sä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pei̯³⁵ saːt̚³ t͡sʰɛː²¹ tʰaːp̚³/

Leaning Tower of Pisa
Leaning Tower of Pisa


古典拉丁語

ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄧㄢˇ ㄌㄚ ㄉㄧㄥ ㄩˇ

ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄧㄢˇ ㄌㄚ ㄉㄧㄥ ㄩˇ

гудянь ладинъюй

/ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³⁵ tiːn³⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ tɪŋ⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/kuː³⁵ tiːn³⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ tɪŋ⁵⁵ jyː¹³/


東江

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

From its location relative to the main course of the Pearl River.

The Dong or East River in Guangdong, China


夏商周

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/haː²² sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ha²²⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ha³³⁻¹¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ha³³⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ha⁴¹⁻²² siɔŋ³³ t͡siu³³/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/haː²² sœːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ha²²⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ha³³⁻¹¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ha³³⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/ha⁴¹⁻²² siɔŋ³³ t͡siu³³/

/hɛ²²⁻²¹ siɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

the Xia (c. 2100 – c. 1600 BC), Shang (c. 1600–1046 BC) and Zhou dynasties (1046–256 BC)


六藝

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/lʊk̚² ŋɐi̯²²/

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/lʊk̚² ŋɐi̯²²/

(archaic) the Six Arts which form the basis of education in ancient Chinese culture, namely rites 禮／礼 (lǐ), music 樂／乐 (yuè), archery 射 (shè), charioteering 御 (yù), calligraphy 書／书 (shū) and mathematics 數／数 (shù)

(archaic) the Six Classics 六經／六经 (liùjīng)

(archaic) the Six Styles of Calligraphy initiated during the reign of Wang Mang, founder of the Xin dynasty, namely pre-Qin script 古文 (gǔwén), non-traditional script 奇字 (qízì), seal script 篆書／篆书 (zhuànshū), clerical script 左書／左书 (zuǒshū), stamping script 繆篆／缪篆 (móuzhuàn, miùzhuàn) and bird-worm seal script 鳥蟲書／鸟虫书 (niǎochóngshū)


秦漢

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xän⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ hɔːn³³/

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xän⁵¹/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ hɔːn³³/

the Qin (221–206 BC) and Han dynasties (202 BC–AD 220)


兩漢

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ hɔːn³³/

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ hɔːn³³/

the Han dynasty, made up of the Western and Eastern Han (202 BC–AD 220)


兩晉

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ t͡sɵn³³/

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ t͡sɵn³³/

the Western Jin dynasty (265–316) and the Eastern Jin dynasty (317–420)


十六國

ㄕˊ ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄕˊ ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɐp̚² lʊk̚² kʷɔːk̚³/

/sɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ l̃øyʔ⁵⁻²¹ kuɔʔ²⁴/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/sip̚²⁴⁻² liɔk̚²⁴⁻² kɔk̚⁵/

/sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/sɐp̚² lʊk̚² kʷɔːk̚³/

/sɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ l̃øyʔ⁵⁻²¹ kuɔʔ²⁴/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/sip̚²⁴⁻² liɔk̚²⁴⁻² kɔk̚⁵/

/sip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ liɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/

/sip̚⁴⁻³² liɔk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/


兩宋

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ sʊŋ³³/

/li̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/lœːŋ¹³ sʊŋ³³/

the Song dynasty, made up of the Northern Song (960-1127) and the Southern Song (1128-1279)


宋元

/sʊŋ⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sʊŋ³³ jyːn²¹/

/sʊŋ⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/sʊŋ³³ jyːn²¹/

the Song (960–1279) and Yuan dynasties (1271–1368)


遼金

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ kɐm⁵⁵/

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ kɐm⁵⁵/

the Liao (907-1125) and Jin (Jurchen) (1115-1234) dynasties


西夏

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ haː²²/

/si²⁴⁻¹¹ ha⁵⁵/

/sɛ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ɑ²⁴²/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ha²²/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ha²²/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ha³³/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ha³³/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ haː²²/

/si²⁴⁻¹¹ ha⁵⁵/

/sɛ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ɑ²⁴²/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ha²²/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² ha²²/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ha³³/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ ha³³/

the Western Xia dynasty (1038–1227); the Tangut Empire


明清

/miŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/miŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/mɪŋ²¹ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

the Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1644–1911) dynasties


晚清

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/maːn¹³ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/

/wän²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/

/maːn¹³ t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵/


大不列顛

ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄉㄧㄢ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄉㄧㄢ

/tä⁵¹ pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ ti̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² pɐt̚⁵ liːt̚² tiːn⁵⁵/

/tɑi²⁴² puʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ l̃ieʔ⁵⁻³³ tieŋ⁵⁵/

/tai²²⁻²¹ put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tiɛn⁴⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² put̚⁵⁻²⁴ liɛt̚²⁴⁻² tiɛn³³/

/tai²²⁻²¹ put̚³²⁻⁵ liɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tiɛn⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tiɛn⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tiɛn⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ ti̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² pɐt̚⁵ liːt̚² tiːn⁵⁵/

/tɑi²⁴² puʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ l̃ieʔ⁵⁻³³ tieŋ⁵⁵/

/tai²²⁻²¹ put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tiɛn⁴⁴/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² put̚⁵⁻²⁴ liɛt̚²⁴⁻² tiɛn³³/

/tai²²⁻²¹ put̚³²⁻⁵ liɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tiɛn⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tiɛn⁴⁴/

/tai³³⁻²¹ put̚³²⁻⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tiɛn⁴⁴/

大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯合王國

Dà-Bùlièdiān jí Běi-Ài'ěrlán Liánhé Wángguó

Great Britain
Great Britain#English:_Q23666

Great Britain (a large island (sometimes also including some of the surrounding smaller islands) off the north-west coast of Western Europe, made up of England, Scotland, and Wales)

Great Britain
Great Britain#English:_Q145

(loosely) Great Britain (the United Kingdom, a kingdom and country in Northern Europe including the island of Great Britain as well as Northern Ireland on the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland)


大不列顛王國

ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄉㄧㄢ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Dàbùlièdiān Wángguó [Phonetic:Dàbúlièdiān Wángguó]

ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄉㄧㄢ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Дабуледянь Ванго

/tä⁵¹ pu⁵¹⁻³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ ti̯ɛn⁵⁵ wɑŋ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² pɐt̚⁵ liːt̚² tiːn⁵⁵ wɔːŋ²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

Kingdom of Great Britain
Kingdom of Great Britain


沙特阿拉伯王國

ㄕㄚ ㄊㄜˋ ㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄅㄛˊ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄕㄚ ㄊㄜˋ ㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄅㄛˊ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Шатэ Алабо Ванго

/ʂä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹ ˀä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ tɐk̚² aː³³ laːi̯⁵⁵ paːk̚³ wɔːŋ²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia#English:_Q851

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (official name of Saudi Arabia: a country in Western Asia, on the Arabian Peninsula)


中王國

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄨㄤˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ wɑŋ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ wɑŋ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

(historical) Middle Kingdom (Egypt in the 12th and 13th dynasties)


燕窩

/jɛn⁵¹ wɔ⁵⁵/

/jɛn⁵¹ wɔɻ⁵⁵/

/jiːn³³ wɔː⁵⁵/

/ˈiɛn³⁵ uo⁴²/

/iɛn²¹⁻⁵³ o⁴⁴/

/iɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ o⁴⁴/

/iɛn²¹⁻⁴² o⁴⁴/

/iɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ o³³/

/iɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ ɤ⁴⁴/

/ĩ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ o³³/

/jɛn⁵¹ wɔ⁵⁵/

/jɛn⁵¹ wɔɻ⁵⁵/

/jiːn³³ wɔː⁵⁵/

/ˈiɛn³⁵ uo⁴²/

/iɛn²¹⁻⁵³ o⁴⁴/

/iɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ o⁴⁴/

/iɛn²¹⁻⁴² o⁴⁴/

/iɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ o³³/

/iɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ ɤ⁴⁴/

/ĩ²¹³⁻⁵⁵ o³³/

(～鎮) Yanwo (a town in Honghu, Jingzhou, Hubei, China)


曾子

/t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/

/t͡sɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɐŋ⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁵³/

/t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡su⁴¹/


第一世界

ㄉㄧˋ ㄧ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ

ㄉㄧˋ ㄧ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ

/ti⁵¹ i⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/tɐi̯²² jɐt̚⁵ sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³/

/ti⁵¹ i⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/tɐi̯²² jɐt̚⁵ sɐi̯³³ kaːi̯³³/


墨西哥城

ㄇㄛˋ ㄒㄧ ㄍㄜ ㄔㄥˊ

ㄇㄛˋ ㄒㄧ ㄍㄜ ㄔㄥˊ

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/mɐk̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/mɐk̚² sɐi̯⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

Mexico City (a city, the capital city of Mexico)


北極圈

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪk̚² hyːn⁵⁵/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² kʰuan²³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² kʰuan²⁴/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kɪk̚² hyːn⁵⁵/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² kʰuan²³/

/pak̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚⁴⁻³² kʰuan²⁴/

From 北極／北极 (Běijí, “the North Pole”) + 圈 (juàn, “circle”). Attested in Kunyu Wanguo Quantu [1602].


高臺教

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kou̯⁵⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹ kaːu̯³³/

/kɔ⁵⁵ de³³ t͡ɕiɔ²¹/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kou̯⁵⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹ kaːu̯³³/

/kɔ⁵⁵ de³³ t͡ɕiɔ²¹/


玄奘

/ɕy̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/ɕy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ t͡sɔːŋ²²/

/hiɛn²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ²²/

/hiɛn²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ⁴¹/

/hiɛn¹³⁻²² t͡sɔŋ²²/

/hiɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/hiɛn²³⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/ɕy̯ɛn³⁵ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹/

/ɕy̯ɛn³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ t͡sɔːŋ²²/

/hiɛn²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ²²/

/hiɛn²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔŋ⁴¹/

/hiɛn¹³⁻²² t͡sɔŋ²²/

/hiɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sɔŋ³³/

/hiɛn²³⁻³³ t͡sɔŋ³³/

Xuanzang (Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveller, and translator who described the interaction between China and India in the early Tang dynasty)


大禹

/tä⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² jyː¹³/

/tä⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² jyː¹³/

Yu the Great (legendary ruler in ancient China, famed for introducing flood control and founding the Xia dynasty)


鳩摩羅什

ㄐㄧㄡ ㄇㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄕˊ

ㄐㄧㄡ ㄇㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄕˊ

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ mu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


瓦萊塔

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋaː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹ tʰaːp̚³/

/ua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai¹³⁻²² tʰaʔ³²/

/ua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² tʰaʔ³²/

/ua⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² tʰaʔ⁵/

/ŋo²² le⁵⁵ tʰaʔ²¹/

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ŋaː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹ tʰaːp̚³/

/ua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai¹³⁻²² tʰaʔ³²/

/ua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² tʰaʔ³²/

/ua⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² tʰaʔ⁵/

/ŋo²² le⁵⁵ tʰaʔ²¹/

Valletta (a city, the capital city of Malta)


亞穆蘇克羅

ㄧㄚˋ ㄇㄨˋ ㄙㄨ ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄧㄚˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄙㄨ ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹ su⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ su⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/aː³³ mʊk̚² sou̯⁵⁵ hɐk̚⁵ lɔː²¹/

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹ su⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹ su⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/aː³³ mʊk̚² sou̯⁵⁵ hɐk̚⁵ lɔː²¹/

(Mainland China) Yamoussoukro (the official and administrative capital of Ivory Coast)


荀子

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (荀子):
* → Japanese: 荀(じゅん)子(し) (junshi)
* → Korean: 순자(荀子) (sunja)

/ɕyn³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

/ɕyn³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɵn⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵/

Xunzi (Confucian philosopher, c. 310 – c. 235 BC, or c. 314 – c. 217 B.C.)

Xunzi (ancient Chinese collection of philosophical writings attributed to said philosopher)


石柱

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂuɻʷ⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʈ͡ʂuɻʷ⁵¹/

～土家族自治縣 石柱土家族自治縣#Chinese

(～土家族自治縣) Shizhu (a Tujia autonomous county of Chongqing, China)

(～鎮) Shizhu (a town in Yongkang, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China)


香港島

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ⁴¹/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ⁵³/

/hiɔŋ³³ kaŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/hiaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɤ⁴¹/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

/hiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ⁵³/

/hiɔŋ³³ kaŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/hiaŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ to⁵³/

Hong Kong Island
Hong Kong Island#English

Hong Kong Island (an island of Hong Kong)


婆羅洲

/pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/pʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(Can we date this quote?), ““净你到婆罗洲””, in 潮汕民俗网, archived from the original on 2022-07-29:

淨你到婆羅洲

净你到婆罗洲


澎湖列島

ㄆㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄆㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄉㄠˇ

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ xu³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰaːŋ²¹ wuː²¹ liːt̚² tou̯³⁵/

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ xu³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰaːŋ²¹ wuː²¹ liːt̚² tou̯³⁵/


富納富提

ㄈㄨˋ ㄋㄚˋ ㄈㄨˋ ㄊㄧˊ

ㄈㄨˋ ㄋㄚˋ ㄈㄨˋ ㄊㄧˊ

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹ tʰi³⁵/

/fuː³³ naːp̚² fuː³³ tʰɐi̯²¹/

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹ tʰi³⁵/

/fuː³³ naːp̚² fuː³³ tʰɐi̯²¹/

Funafuti (a city, the capital city of Tuvalu)


阿皮亞

/ˀä⁵⁵ pʰi³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/aː³³ pʰei̯²¹ aː³³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pʰi³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/aː³³ pʰei̯²¹ aː³³/

Apia (a city, the capital city of Samoa)


努庫阿洛法

ㄋㄨˇ ㄎㄨˋ ㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄚˇ

ㄋㄨˇ ㄎㄨˋ ㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄚˇ

/nu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu⁵¹ ˀä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nou̯¹³ fuː³³ aː³³ lɔːk̚² faːt̚³/

/nou̯¹³ fuː³³ aː³³ lɔːk̚³ faːt̚³/

/nou̯¹³ fuː³³ aː³³ lɔːk̚² faːt̚³/

/nou̯¹³ fuː³³ aː³³ lɔːk̚³ faːt̚³/

From Tongan Nukuʻalofa, from nuku (“abode”) + alofa (“love”). Literally, “abode of love”.


班加羅爾

ㄅㄢ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄦˇ

ㄅㄢ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄦˇ

/pän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paːn⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ jiː¹³/

/pän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paːn⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ jiː¹³/

(Mainland China) Bangalore (a megacity, the state capital of Karnataka, India)


曼徹斯特

ㄇㄢˋ ㄔㄜˋ ㄙ ㄊㄜˋ

ㄇㄢˋ ㄔㄜˋ ㄙ ㄊㄜˋ

/män⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/maːn²² t͡sʰiːt̚³ siː⁵⁵ tɐk̚²/

/me²² t͡sʰəʔ⁵⁵ sz̩³³ dəʔ²¹/

/män⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/maːn²² t͡sʰiːt̚³ siː⁵⁵ tɐk̚²/

/me²² t͡sʰəʔ⁵⁵ sz̩³³ dəʔ²¹/

metropolitan borough
metropolitan borough

Greater Manchester
Greater Manchester#English

Manchester (a major city and metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester, in northwestern England)


威斯康辛

Вэйсыкансинь

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ hɔːŋ⁵⁵ sɐn⁵⁵/

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ hɔːŋ⁵⁵ sɐn⁵⁵/

(～州) (Hong Kong, Taiwan) Wisconsin (a state in the Upper Midwest region of the United States)


法屬剛果

ㄈㄚˇ ㄕㄨˇ ㄍㄤ ㄍㄨㄛˇ

ㄈㄚˋ ㄕㄨˇ ㄍㄤ ㄍㄨㄛˇ

/fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fä⁵¹ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/faːt̚³ sʊk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔː³⁵/

/fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fä⁵¹ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/faːt̚³ sʊk̚² kɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔː³⁵/

French Equatorial Africa
French Equatorial Africa

French Congo (a former colony of France (1880 – 1910), later becoming French Equatorial Africa)


中國人民解放軍

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄝˇ ㄈㄤˋ ㄐㄩㄣ

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄝˇ ㄈㄤˋ ㄐㄩㄣ

Чжунго Жэньминь Цзефанцзюнь

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵ ʐən³⁵ min³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

dzung¹ gwok⁸ jan⁴ man⁴ gaai² fong³ gwan¹

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³ jɐn²¹ mɐn²¹ kaːi̯³⁵ fɔːŋ³³ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡suŋ²⁴ ku̯et̚² ŋin¹¹ min¹¹ ki̯e³¹ foŋ⁵⁵ ki̯un²⁴/

zung¹ gued⁵ ngin² min² giai³ fong⁴ giun¹

/t͡suŋ²⁴ ku̯et̚² ŋin¹¹ min¹¹ ki̯ai̯³¹ foŋ⁵⁵ ki̯un²⁴/

/tyŋ⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴ iŋ⁵³ miŋ⁵³ kai³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uoŋ²¹³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuŋ⁵⁵/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ lin²⁴⁻²² bin²⁴⁻²² kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kun⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ lin²⁴⁻¹¹ bin²⁴⁻¹¹ kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ kun⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ kɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ lin²⁴⁻²² bin²⁴⁻²² kai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kun³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ zin²³⁻³³ bin²³⁻³³ kai⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ kun⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²⁻⁵ d͡zin¹³⁻²² bin¹³⁻²² kai⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kun⁴⁴/

/t͡soŋ⁵⁵ koʔ³³ zən²² min³³ t͡ɕia³³ fɑ̃⁵⁵ t͡ɕyn²¹/

People's Liberation Army
People's Liberation Army


伊斯蘭國

ㄧ ㄙ ㄌㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄧ ㄙ ㄌㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ län³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/i⁴⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴⁻²² lan¹³⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/i⁴⁴⁻³³ su⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/

/i⁴⁴⁻³³ su⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²³⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/i⁴⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴⁻²² lan²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/i³³ sɯ³³ lan²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚⁵/

/i⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ län³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/i⁴⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴⁻²² lan¹³⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/i⁴⁴⁻³³ su⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/

/i⁴⁴⁻³³ su⁴⁴⁻³³ lan²³⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/i⁴⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴⁻²² lan²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/i³³ sɯ³³ lan²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚⁵/