伊勢原

/i⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/i⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊勢原 (Isehara).

(～市) Isehara (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


海老名

ㄏㄞˇ ㄌㄠˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ

ㄏㄞˇ ㄌㄠˇ ㄇㄧㄥˊ

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ miŋ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lou̯¹³ mɪŋ²¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ miŋ³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ lou̯¹³ mɪŋ²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 海老名 (Ebina).

obor

(～市) Ebina (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


座間

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 座間 (Zama).

(～市) Zama (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


南足柄

ㄋㄢˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄅㄧㄥˇ

ㄋㄢˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄅㄧㄥˇ

/nän³⁵ t͡su³⁵ piŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nän³⁵ t͡su³⁵ piŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 南足柄 (Minamiashigara).

(～市) Minamiashigara (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


綾瀨

/liŋ³⁵ laɪ̯⁵¹/

/liŋ³⁵ laɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 綾瀬 (Ayase).

(～市) Ayase (a city in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


三條

/sän⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ tʰiːu̯²¹/

/sän⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ tʰiːu̯²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三条 (Sanjō).

(～市) Sanjō (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


柏崎

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 柏崎 (Kashiwazaki).

(～市) Kashiwazaki (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


新發田

/ɕin⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ fä⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新発田 (Shibata).

(～市) Shibata (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


小千谷

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄑㄧㄢ ㄍㄨˇ

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄑㄧㄢ ㄍㄨˇ

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小千谷 (Ojiya).

(～市) Ojiya (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


加茂

→ English: Jiamao

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ mɐu̯²²/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ mɐu̯²²/

(～鎮) Jiamao (a town in Baoting, Hainan, China)


加茂

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 加茂 (Kamo).

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ mɐu̯²²/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ mɐu̯²²/

(～市) Kamo (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


十日町

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 十日町 (Tōkamachi).

(～市) Tōkamachi (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


見附

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 見附 (Mitsuke).

(～市) Mitsuke (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


絲魚川

/sz̩⁵⁵ y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/sz̩⁵⁵ y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

(～市) Itoigawa (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


五泉

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 五泉 (Gosen).

(～市) Gosen (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


上越

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 上越 (Jōetsu).

(～市) Jōetsu (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


阿賀野

/ˀä⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀä⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 阿賀野 (Agano).

(～市) Agano (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


魚沼

/y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 魚沼 (Uonuma).

(～市) Uonuma (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


南魚沼

/nän³⁵ y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nän³⁵ y³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 南魚沼 (Minamiuonuma).

(～市) Minamiuonuma (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


胎內

/tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 胎内 (Tainai).

(～市) Tainai (a city in Niigata Prefecture, Japan)


魚津

/y³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/y³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 魚津 (Uozu).

(～市) Uozu (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


冰見

/piŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/piŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 氷見 (Himi).

(～市) Himi (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


滑川

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 滑川 (Namerikawa).

(～市) Namerikawa (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


黑部

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

/xeɪ̯⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 黒部 (Kurobe).

(～市) Kurobe (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


小矢部

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小矢部 (Oyabe).

(～市) Oyabe (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


射水

/ʂɤ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂɤ⁵¹ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 射水 (Imizu).

(～市) Imizu (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


礪波

/li⁵¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ pu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 礪波 (Tonami).

(～市) Tonami (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


南礪

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 南砺 (Nanto).

(～市) Nanto (a city in Toyama Prefecture, Japan)


七尾

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 七尾 (Nanao).

(～市) Nanao (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


輪島

/lu̯ən³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lu̯ən³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 輪島 (Wajima).

(～市) Wajima (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


珠洲

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 珠洲 (Suzu).

(～市) Suzu (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


羽咋

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 羽咋 (Hakui).

(～市) Hakui (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


能美

/nɤŋ³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nɤŋ³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 能美 (Nomi).

(～市) Nomi (a city in Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


敦賀

/tu̯ən⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹/

/tu̯ən⁵⁵ xɤ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 敦賀 (Tsuruga).

(～市) Tsuruga (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


小濱

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pin⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ pin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小浜 (Obama).

(～市) Obama (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


勝山

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 勝山 (Katsuyama).

(～市) Katsuyama (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


鯖江

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鯖江 (Sabae).

(～市) Sabae (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


蘆原

/lu³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/lu³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese あわら (Awara).

(～市) Awara (a city in Fukui Prefecture, Japan)


富士吉田

ㄈㄨˋ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄈㄨˋ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富士吉田 (Fujiyoshida).

(～市) Fujiyoshida (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


都留

/tu⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/tu⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 都留 (Tsuru).

(～市) Tsuru (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


天童

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 天童 (Tendō).

(～市) Tendō (a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan)


大月

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大月(おおつき) (Ōtsuki).

(～市) Ōtsuki (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture)


韮崎

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 韮崎 (Nirasaki).

(～市) Nirasaki (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


南阿爾卑斯

ㄋㄢˊ ㄚ ㄦˇ ㄅㄟ ㄙ

ㄋㄢˊ ㄚ ㄦˇ ㄅㄟ ㄙ

Наньаэрбэйсы

/nän³⁵ ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

Calque of Japanese 南アルプス (Minami Arupusu).

calque

(～市) Minami-Alps (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


笛吹

/ti³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ti³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 笛吹 (Fuefuki).

obor

(～市) Fuefuki (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


北杜

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 北杜 (Hokuto).

(～市) Hokuto (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


上野原

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 上野原 (Uenohara).

(～市) Uenohara (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


甲州

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 甲州 (Kōshū).

(～市) Kōshū (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)

(Malaysia) short for 馬六甲州 /马六甲州 (Mǎliùjiǎ zhōu)


愛德華

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ tɐk̚⁵ waː²¹/

/ai²¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɛiʔ²⁴⁻²¹ hua⁵³/

/ai¹¹⁻⁵³ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hua²⁴/

/ai²¹⁻⁴¹ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hua²³/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ tɐk̚⁵ waː²¹/

/ai²¹³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lɛiʔ²⁴⁻²¹ hua⁵³/

/ai¹¹⁻⁵³ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hua²⁴/

/ai²¹⁻⁴¹ tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hua²³/

A transliteration of the English male given name Edward

A transliteration of the French male given name Édouard

A transliteration of the Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, or Finnish male given name Edvard

A transliteration of the German male given name Eduard


勞倫斯

/lɑʊ̯³⁵ lu̯ən³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/lɑʊ̯³⁵ lu̯ən³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the English male given name and surname Laurence or Lawrence


新州

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

New Jersey (a state of the United States)


新南威爾斯

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄋㄢˊ ㄨㄟ ㄦˇ ㄙ

ㄒㄧㄣ ㄋㄢˊ ㄨㄟ ㄦˇ ㄙ

Синь Нань Вэйэрсы

/ɕin⁵⁵ nän³⁵ weɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ naːm²¹ wɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³ siː⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ nän³⁵ weɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ naːm²¹ wɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³ siː⁵⁵/

(～州) (Taiwan) New South Wales (a state of Australia)


威爾斯

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³ siː⁵⁵/

/ue⁵⁵ ɦəl³³ sz̩²¹/

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³ siː⁵⁵/

/ue⁵⁵ ɦəl³³ sz̩²¹/

(Hong Kong, Taiwan) Wales (a constituent country of the United Kingdom)

A transliteration of the English surname Wills


阿德

阿德萊德 阿德萊德#Chinese

阿德莱德 阿德莱德#Chinese

short for 阿德萊德／阿德莱德 (Ādéláidé): Adelaide (the state capital and largest city in South Australia)


阿德雷德

ㄚ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄟˊ ㄉㄜˊ

ㄚ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄟˊ ㄉㄜˊ

/ˀä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ leɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ leɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

阿德萊德 阿德萊德#Chinese

阿德莱德 阿德莱德#Chinese

Alternative name for 阿德萊德／阿德莱德 (Ādéláidé).: Adelaide (the state capital and largest city in South Australia)


岡谷

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 岡谷 (Okaya).

(～市) Okaya (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


須坂

/ɕy⁵⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕy⁵⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 須坂 (Suzaka).

(～市) Suzaka (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


小諸

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小諸 (Komoro).

(～市) Komoro (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


伊那

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊那 (Ina).

(～市) Ina (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


駒根

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕy⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 駒ヶ根 (Komagane).

(～市) Komagane (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


大町

/tä⁵¹ tʰiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tä⁵¹ tʰiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大町 (Ōmachi).

(～市) Ōmachi (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


飯山

/fän⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/fän⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 飯山 (Iiyama).

(～市) Iiyama (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


茅野

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɑʊ̯³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 茅野 (Chino).

(～市) Chino (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


鹽尻

/jɛn³⁵ kʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ kʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 塩尻 (Shiojiri).

(～市) Shiojiri (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


佐久

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 佐久 (Saku).

(～市) Saku (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


東御

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東御 (Tōmi).

(～市) Tōmi (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


安曇野

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀän⁵⁵ tʰän³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 安曇野 (Azumino).

(～市) Azumino (a city in Nagano Prefecture, Japan)


大垣

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大垣 (Ōgaki).

(～市) Ōgaki (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


多治見

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 多治見 (Tajimi).

(～市) Tajimi (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


中津川

Чжунцзиньчуань

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 中津川 (Nagatsugawa).

(～市) (～市) Nagatsugawa (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


瑞浪

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɑŋ⁵¹/

/ʐu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ lɑŋ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 瑞浪 (Mizunami).

(～市) Mizunami (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


羽島

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 羽島 (Hashima).

(～市) Hashima (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


惠那

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 恵那 (Ena).

(～市) Ena (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


美濃加茂

ㄇㄟˇ ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄇㄠˋ

ㄇㄟˇ ㄋㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄇㄠˋ

Мэйнунцзямао

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ nʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 美濃加茂 (Minokamo).

(～市) Minokamo (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


土岐

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 土岐 (Toki).

(～市) Toki (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


各務原

/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/kɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ u⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 各務原 (Kakamigahara).

(～市) Kakamigahara (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


可兒

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

/kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 可児 (Kani).

(～市) Kani (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


山縣

/ʂän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 山県 (Yamagata).

(～市) Yamagata (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


本巢

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 本巣 (Motosu).

(～市) Motosu (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


飛驒

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/fei̯⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹/

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/fei̯⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 飛騨(ひだ) (Hida).

(～市) Hida (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


郡上

/t͡ɕyn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕyn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɑŋ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 郡上 (Gujō).

(～市) Gujō (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


下呂

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 下呂 (Gero).

(～市) Gero (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


海津

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 海津 (Kaizu).

(～市) Kaizu (a city in Gifu Prefecture, Japan)


濱松

/pin⁵⁵ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/pin⁵⁵ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 浜松 (Hamamatsu).

(～市) Hamamatsu (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


沼津

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 沼津 (Numazu).

(～市) Numazu (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


熱海

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 熱海(あたみ) (Atami).

/ʐɤ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiːt̚² hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ʐɤ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiːt̚² hɔːi̯³⁵/

(～市) Atami (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


熱海

Semantically, compare Kyrgyz Ысык-Көл (Isık-Köl, literally “hot lake”).

ncog

/ʐɤ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiːt̚² hɔːi̯³⁵/

/ʐɤ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiːt̚² hɔːi̯³⁵/

岑參 (Cen Shen), 熱海行送崔侍御還京

Cèwén Yīnshān hú'ér yǔ, xītóu Rèhǎi shuǐ rú zhǔ.

側聞陰山胡兒語，西頭熱海水如煮。

岑參 (Cen Shen), 熱海行送崔侍御還京

侧闻阴山胡儿语，西头热海水如煮。

(historical, obsolete, used in the Tang dynasty) Issyk Kul (a large freshwater lake in modern-day eastern Kyrgyzstan)


富士宮

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富士宮 (Fujinomiya).

obor

(～市) Fujinomiya (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


磐田

/pʰän³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/pʰän³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 磐田 (Iwata).

(～市) Iwata (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


燒津

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 焼津 (Yaizu).

(～市) Yaizu (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


掛川

/ku̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/ku̯ä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 掛川 (Kakegawa).

(～市) Kakegawa (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


御殿場

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 御殿場 (Gotenba).

(～市) Gotenba (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


袋井

/taɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 袋井 (Fukuroi).

(～市) Fukuroi (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


御前崎

/y⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/y⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 御前崎 (Omaezaki).

(～市) Omaezaki (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


菊川

/t͡ɕy³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕy³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 菊川 (Kikugawa).

(～市) Kikugawa (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


伊豆之國

ㄧ ㄉㄡˋ ㄓ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄧ ㄉㄡˋ ㄓ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

/i⁵⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/i⁵⁵ toʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊豆の国 (Izunokuni).

(～市) Izunokuni (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


牧之原

/mu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/mu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 牧之原 (Makinohara).

(～市) Makinohara (a city in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


豐橋

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊橋 (Toyohashi).

(～市) Toyohashi (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


瀨戶

/laɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹/

/laɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 瀬戸 (Seto).

(～市) Seto (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


春日井

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 春日井 (Kasugai).

(～市) Kasugai (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


豐川

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊川 (Toyokawa).

(～市) Toyokawa (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


津島

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 津島 (Tsushima).

(～市) Tsushima (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


碧南

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 碧南 (Hekinan).

(～市) Hekinan (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


刈谷

/i⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/i⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 刈谷 (Kariya).

(～市) Kariya (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


蒲郡

/pʰu³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵¹/

/pʰu³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 蒲郡 (Gamagōri).

(～市) Gamagōri (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


犬山

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 犬山 (Inuyama).

(～市) Inuyama (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


常滑

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 常滑 (Tokoname).

(～市) Tokoname (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


小牧

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小牧 (Komaki).

(～市) Komaki (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


稻澤

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 稲沢 (Inazawa).

(～市) Inazawa (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


新城

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² siã¹³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siã²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siã²³/

/ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sɐn⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻²² siã¹³/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siã²⁴/

/sin⁴⁴⁻³³ siã²³/

(～市) Shinshiro (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)

(～鄉) Xincheng (a rural township in Hualien County, Taiwan)

(～鎮) Xincheng (a town in Jiayuguan, Gansu, China)

(～社區) Xincheng (a residential community in Ruoqiang, Ruoqiang, Bayingolin prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)


大府

/tä⁵¹ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tä⁵¹ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大府 (Ōbu).

(～市) Ōbu (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


知多

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 知多 (Chita).

(～市) Chita (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


知立

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 知立 (Chiryū).

(～市) Chiryū (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


尾張旭

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕy⁵¹/

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵ ɕy⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 尾張旭 (Owariasahi).

(～市) Owariasahi (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


高濱

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ pin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 高浜 (Takahama).

(～市) Takahama (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


岩倉

/jɛn³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 岩倉 (Iwakura).

(～市) Iwakura (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


豐明

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊明 (Toyoake).

(～市) Toyoake (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


日進

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 日進 (Nisshin).

(～市) Nisshin (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


愛西

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 愛西 (Aisai).

(～市) Aisai (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


清須

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ɕy⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ɕy⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 清須 (Kiyosu).

(～市) Kiyosu (a city in Aichi Prefecture, Japan)


松阪

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ paːn³⁵/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ paːn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 松阪 (Matsusaka).

(～市) Matsusaka (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


桑名

/sɑŋ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

/sɑŋ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 桑名 (Kuwana).

(～市) Kuwana (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


名張

/miŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

/miŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 名張 (Nabari).

(～市) Nabari (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


尾鷲

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 尾鷲 (Owase).

(～市) Owase (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


龜山

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ san²⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ san²⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻²² suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

/ku⁴⁴⁻³³ suã⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 亀山 (Kameyama).

(～市) Kameyama (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)

(～區, formerly ～鄉) Guishan (a district of Taoyuan, Taiwan, formerly a rural township)

(～鎮) Guishan (a town in Macheng, Huanggang, Hubei, China)

(～島) Guishan Island (an island administered by Yilan County, Taiwan)


員辨

/ɥɛn³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ɥɛn³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese いなべ (Inabe).

(～市) Inabe (a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan)


彥根

/jɛn⁵¹ kən⁵⁵/

/jɛn⁵¹ kən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 彦根 (Hikone).

(～市) Hikone (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


長濱

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin³³/

/tŋ̍¹³⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ pin⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin³³/

/tŋ̍¹³⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ pin⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 長浜 (Nagahama).

(～市) Nagahama (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


長濱

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin³³/

/tŋ̍¹³⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ pin⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻²² pin³³/

/tŋ̍¹³⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²⁴⁻¹¹ pin⁴⁴/

/tŋ̍²³⁻³³ pin⁴⁴/

(～鄉) Changbin (a rural township in Taitung County, Taiwan)


近江八幡

ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄅㄚ ㄈㄢ

ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄐㄧㄤ ㄅㄚ ㄈㄢ

Цзиньцзянбафань

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 近江八幡 (Ōmihachiman).

(～市) Ōmihachiman (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


草津

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 草津 (Kusatsu).

(～市) Kusatsu (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


守山

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 守山 (Moriyama).

(～市) Moriyama (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


栗東

/li⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 栗東 (Rittō).

(～市) Rittō (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


甲賀

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 甲賀 (Kōka).

(～市) Kōka (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


野洲

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 野洲 (Yasu).

(～市) Yasu (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


東近江

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄐㄧㄤ

Дунцзиньцзян

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東近江 (Higashiomi).

(～市) Higashiomi (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


米原

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 米原 (Maibara).

(～市) Maibara (a city in Shiga Prefecture, Japan)


福知山

/fu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/fu³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 福知山 (Fukuchiyama).

(～市) Fukuchiyama (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


綾部

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 綾部 (Ayabe).

(～市) Ayabe (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


宮津

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宮津 (Miyazu).

(～市) Miyazu (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


龜岡

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 亀岡 (Kameoka).

(～市) Kameoka (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


城陽

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 城陽 (Jōyō).

(～市) Jōyō (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


長岡京

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 長岡京 (Nagaokakyō).

(～市) Nagaokakyō (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


京田邊

ㄐㄧㄥ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄅㄧㄢ

ㄐㄧㄥ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄅㄧㄢ

Цзинтяньбянь

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 京田辺 (Kyōtanabe).

(～市) Kyōtanabe (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


京丹後

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 京丹後 (Kyōtango).

(～市) Kyōtango (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


南丹

/nän³⁵ tän⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ tän⁵⁵/

(～縣) Nandan (a county of Hechi, Guangxi autonomous region, China)

(～市) Nantan (a city in Kyōto prefecture, Japan)


岸和田

/ˀän⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ˀän⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 岸和田 (Kishiwada).

(～市) Kishiwada (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


豐中

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊中 (Toyonaka).

(～市) Toyonaka (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


吹田

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 吹田 (Suita).

(～市) Suita (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


泉大津

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄐㄧㄣ

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄐㄧㄣ

Цюаньдацзинь

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ tä⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ tä⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 泉大津 (Izumiōtsu).

(～市) Izumiōtsu (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


貝塚

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 貝塚 (Kaizuka).

(～市) Kaizuka (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


茨木

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ mu⁵¹/

/t͡sʰz̩³⁵ mu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 茨(いばら)木(き) (Ibaraki).

(～市) Ibaraki (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 茨木, Ibaraki


泉佐野

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄧㄝˇ

ㄑㄩㄢˊ ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄧㄝˇ

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 泉佐野 (Izumisano).

(～市) Izumisano (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


富田林

ㄈㄨˋ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ

ㄈㄨˋ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 富田林 (Tondabayashi).

(～市) Tondabayashi (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


寢屋川

/t͡ɕʰin²¹⁴⁻²¹ u⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin²¹⁴⁻²¹ u⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 寝屋川 (Neyagawa).

(～市) Neyagawa (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


河內長野

ㄏㄜˊ ㄋㄟˋ ㄔㄤˊ ㄧㄝˇ

ㄏㄜˊ ㄋㄟˋ ㄔㄤˊ ㄧㄝˇ

/xɤ³⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xɤ³⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 河内長野 (Kawachinagano).

(～市) Kawachinagano (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


大東

/tä⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ tʊŋ⁵⁵/

; "Daitō"
Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大東 (Daitō).

(～村) Dadong (a village in Zhashan, Caidian district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)

(～市) Daitō (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)

《朝鮮王朝實錄》 (Journal of the Royal Secretariat), 1436

惟我大東，自箕子設敎之後，世遠經殘，君子而不得聞大道之要，小人而不得蒙至治之澤者久矣。

(Korean Classical Chinese, honorific) Korea; Great Korea


箕面

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ mi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 箕面 (Minoo).

(～市) Minoh (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


羽曳野

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛ⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 羽曳野 (Habikino).

(～市) Habikino (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


門真

/mən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

/mən³⁵ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 門真 (Kadoma).

(～市) Kadoma (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


攝津

/ʂɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/ʂɤ⁵¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 摂津 (Settsu).

(～市) Settsu (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


藤井寺

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵¹/

/tʰɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 藤井寺 (Fujiidera).

(～市) Fujiidera (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


東大阪

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東大阪 (Higashiōsaka).

(～市) Higashiōsaka (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


泉南

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ nän³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰy̯ɛn³⁵ nän³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 泉南 (Sennan).

(～市) Sennan (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


四條畷

ㄙˋ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄓㄨㄟˋ

ㄙˋ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄓㄨㄛˊ

/sz̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵/

(～市) Shijōnawate (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


交野

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 交野 (Katano).

(～市) Katano (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


大阪狹山

ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄢˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄕㄢ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄅㄢˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ ㄕㄢ

Дабаньсяшань

/tä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大阪狭山 (Ōsakasayama).

(～市) Ōsakasayama (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


阪南

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ nän³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 阪南 (Hannan).

(～市) Hannan (a city in Ōsaka prefecture, Japan)


洲本

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 洲本 (Sumoto).

(～市) Sumoto (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


蘆屋

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 蘆屋 (Ashiya).

(～市) Ashiya (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


華萊士

/xu̯ä³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/waː²¹ lɔːi̯²¹ siː²²/

/xu̯ä³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/waː²¹ lɔːi̯²¹ siː²²/

A transliteration of the English surname Wallace


伊丹

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊丹 (Itami).

(～市) Itami (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


相生

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 相生 (Aioi).

(～市) Aioi (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


豐岡

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊岡 (Toyooka).

(～市) Toyooka (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


加古川

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 加古川 (Kakogawa).

(～市) Kakogawa (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


龍野

/lʊŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊŋ³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 龍野 (Tatsuno).

(～市) Tatsuno (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


赤穗

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 赤穂 (Akō).

(～市) Akō (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


寶塚

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Takarazuka (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


加西

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 加西 (Kasai).

(～市) Kasai (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


篠山

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 篠山 (Sasayama).

(～市) Sasayama (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


南淡路

/nän³⁵ tän⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/nän³⁵ tän⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

Borrowed from Japanese 南あわじ (Minamiawaji).

(～市) Minamiawaji (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


朝來

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 朝来 (Asago).

(～市) Asago (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


宍粟

/ʐoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹/

/ʐoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ su⁵¹/

(～市) Shisō (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


大和高田

ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

/tä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大和高田 (Yamatotakada).

(～市) Yamatotakada (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


大和郡山

ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄐㄩㄣˋ ㄕㄢ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄐㄩㄣˋ ㄕㄢ

Дахэцзюньшань

/tä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大和郡山 (Yamatokōriyama).

(～市) Yamatokōriyama (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


橿原

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 橿原 (Kashihara).

(～市) Kashihara (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


五條

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 五條 (Gojō).

(～市) Gojō (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


生駒

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 生駒 (Ikoma).

(～市) Ikoma (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


香芝

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 香芝 (Kashiba).

(～市) Kashiba (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


葛城

/kɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～市) Katsuragi (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)

(～街道, formerly ～鎮) Gecheng (a subdistrict of Chengkou, Chongqing, China, formerly a town)


宇陀

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jyː¹³ tʰɔː²¹/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/

/jyː¹³ tʰɔː²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇陀 (Uda).

(～市) Uda (a city in Nara Prefecture, Japan)


新宮

/ɕin⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新宮 (Shingū).

(～市) Shingū (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


田邊

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ pi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 田辺 (Tanabe).

(～市) Tanabe (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


御坊

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 御坊 (Gobō).

(～市) Gobō (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


紀之川

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 紀の川 (Kinokawa).

(～市) Kinokawa (a city in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan)


米子

/mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡siː³⁵/

/mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡siː³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 米子 (Yonago).

(～市) Yonago (a city in Tottori Prefecture, Japan)


倉吉

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/t͡sʰɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 倉吉 (Kurayoshi).

(～市) Kurayoshi (a city in Tottori Prefecture, Japan)


境港

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 境港 (Sakaiminato).

(～市) Sakaiminato (a city in Tottori Prefecture, Japan)


安來

/ˀän⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 安来 (Yasugi).

(～市) Yasugi (a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan)


江津

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵/

(～區) Jiangjin (a district of Chongqing, China)

(～市) Gōtsu (a city in Shimane Prefecture, Japan)


津山

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 津山 (Tsuyama).

(～市) Tsuyama (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


玉野

/y⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 玉野 (Tamano).

(～市) Tamano (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


笠岡

/li⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/li⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 笠岡 (Kasaoka).

(～市) Kasaoka (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


總社

/t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɤ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 総社 (Sōja).

(～市) Sōja (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


新見

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新見 (Niimi).

(～市) Niimi (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


瀨戶內

/laɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/laɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 瀬戸内 (Setouchi).

(～市) Setouchi (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


赤磐

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹ pʰän³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 赤磐 (Akaiwa).

(～市) Akaiwa (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


真庭

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ tʰiŋ³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵ tʰiŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 真庭 (Maniwa).

(～市) Maniwa (a city in Okayama Prefecture, Japan)


尾道

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 尾道 (Onomichi).

(～市) Onomichi (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


三次

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː³³/

/sän⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩⁵¹/

/saːm⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三(み)次(よし) (miyoshi).

(～市) Miyoshi (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)

Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see 三, 次.


庄原

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵/

(～市) Shōbara (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


東廣島

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄤˇ ㄉㄠˇ

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東広島 (Higashihiroshima).

(～市) Higashihiroshima (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


廿日市

/ni̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ni̯ɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 廿日市 (Hatsukaichi).

(～市) Hatsukaichi (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


安藝高田

ㄢ ㄧˋ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄢ ㄧˋ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

/ˀän⁵⁵ i⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ i⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 安芸高田 (Akitakata).

(～市) Akitakata (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


江田島

ㄐㄧㄤ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄐㄧㄤ ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄉㄠˇ

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 江田島 (Etajima).

(～市) Etajima (a city in Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan)


防府

/fɑŋ³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɑŋ³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 防府 (Hōfu).

(～市) Hōfu (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


下松

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 下松 (Kudamatsu).

(～市) Kudamatsu (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


岩國

/jɛn³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 岩国 (Iwakuni).

(～市) Iwakuni (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


柳井

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 柳井 (Yanai).

(～市) Yanai (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


山陽小野田

ㄕㄢ ㄧㄤˊ ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄧㄝˇ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄕㄢ ㄧㄤˊ ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄧㄝˇ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

Шаньянсяоетянь

/ʂän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵ ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 山陽小野田 (San'yō-Onoda).

(～市) San'yō-Onoda (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


小松島

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄨㄥ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄙㄨㄥ ㄉㄠˇ

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小松島 (Komatsushima).

(～市) Komatsushima (a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan)


吉野川

/t͡ɕi³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 吉野川 (Yoshinogawa).

(～市) Yoshinogawa (a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan)


丸龜

/wän³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹⁻³⁵ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/

/wän³⁵ ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹⁻³⁵ kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 丸亀 (Marugame).

(～市) Marugame (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


坂出

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/

/pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 坂出 (Sakaide).

(～市) Sakaide (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


善通寺

/ʂän⁵¹ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵¹ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 善通寺 (Zentsūji).

(～市) Zentsūji (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


觀音寺

/ku̯än⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

/ku̯än⁵⁵ in⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 観音寺 (Kan'onji).

(～市) Kan'onji (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


讚岐

/t͡sän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/t͡sän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 讃岐 (Sanuki).

(～市) Sanuki (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


東香川

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Japanese 東かがわ (Higashikagawa).

(～市) Higashikagawa (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


三豐

/sän⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三豊 (Mitoyo).

(～市) Mitoyo (a city in Kagawa Prefecture, Japan)


今治

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 今治 (Imabari).

(～市) Imabari (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


宇和島

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇和島 (Uwajima).

(～市) Uwajima (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


八幡濱

/pä⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ fän⁵⁵ pin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八幡浜 (Yamatahama).

(～市) Yamatahama (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


新居濱

Синьцзюйбинь

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕy⁵⁵ pin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 新居浜 (Niihama).

(～市) Niihama (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


西條

/ɕi⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 西条 (Saijō).

(～市) Saijō (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


大洲

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大洲(おおず) (Ōzu).

ja-r

大洲(おおず) (Ōzu)

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/taːi̯²² t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Ōzu (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


四國中央

ㄙˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄓㄨㄥ ㄧㄤ

ㄙˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄓㄨㄥ ㄧㄤ

/sz̩⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 四国中央 (Shikokuchūō).

obor

(～市) Shikokuchūō (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


西予

/ɕi⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 西予 (Seiyo).

(～市) Seiyo (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


東溫

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ wən⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ wɐn⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ wən⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ wɐn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 東温 (Tōon).

(～市) Tōon (a city in Ehime Prefecture, Japan)


宿毛

/su⁵¹ mɑʊ̯³⁵/

/su⁵¹ mɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宿毛 (Sukumo).

(～市) Sukumo (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


土佐清水

ㄊㄨˇ ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄕㄨㄟˇ

ㄊㄨˇ ㄗㄨㄛˇ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄕㄨㄟˇ

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 土佐清水 (Tosashimizu).

(～市) Tosashimizu (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


安藝

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 安芸 (Aki).

(～市) Aki (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


須崎

/ɕy⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ɕy⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 須崎 (Susaki).

(～市) Susaki (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


室戶

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 室戸 (Muroto).

(～市) Muroto (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


四萬十

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ wän⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ wän⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 四万十 (Shimanto).

(～市) Shimanto (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


香南

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 香南 (Kōnan).

(～市) Kōnan (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


香美

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 香美 (Kami).

(～市) Kami (a city in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan)


奧賽

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/ou̯³³ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sai⁴¹/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ sai²¹/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/ou̯³³ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sai⁴¹/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ sai²¹/

Orsay (a commune of Essonne department, Île-de-France, France)


久留米

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄇㄧˇ

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄇㄧˇ

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 久留米 (Kurume).

(～市) Kurume (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


大牟田

ㄉㄚˋ ㄇㄡˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄇㄡˊ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

/tä⁵¹ moʊ̯³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ moʊ̯³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大牟田 (Ōmuta).

(～市) Ōmuta (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


直方

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 直方 (Noogata).

(～市) Noogata (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


八女

/pä⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pä⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 八女 (Yame).

(～市) Yame (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


行橋

/ɕiŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 行橋 (Yukuhashi).

(～市) Yukuhashi (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


豐前

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊前 (Buzen).

(～市) Buzen (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


小郡

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕyn⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕyn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小郡 (Ogoori).

(～市) Ogoori (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


大野城

/tä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/tä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大野城 (Ōnojō).

(～市) Ōnojō (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


宗像

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宗像 (Munakata).

(～市) Munakata (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


太宰府

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡sɔːi̯³⁵ fuː³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ t͡saɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰaːi̯³³ t͡sɔːi̯³⁵ fuː³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 太宰府 (Dazaifu).

(～市) Dazaifu (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


福津

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 福津 (Fukutsu).

(～市) Fukutsu (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


浮羽

/fu³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fu³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese うきは (Ukiha).

(～市) Ukiha (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


宮若

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʐu̯ɔ⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宮若 (Miyawaka).

(～市) Miyawaka (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


嘉麻

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mä³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ mä³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 嘉麻 (Kama).

(～市) Kama (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


三山

/sän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Now yellow dust, now clear water, below the Three Hills.
Sudden the changes of a thousand years as a galloping horse.

circa early 800s, Li He (李賀),《夢天》, translated by J. D. Frodsham, 1970.

Huángchénqīngshuǐ sānshān xià, gēngbiàn qiānnián rú zǒumǎ.

黃塵清水三山下，更變千年如走馬。

黄尘清水三山下，更变千年如走马。

(Chinese mythology) The Three Sacred Mountains

The Three Mountains (refers to various places and deities)

(informal) Alternative name for 福州 (Fúzhōu), Fuzhou (a city in Fujian, China)

福州

(～區) Sanshan (a district of Wuhu, Anhui, China)

(～島) Sanshan (an island group in Lake Tai administered as part of Wuxi, Jiangsu, China)


三山

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三山 (Miyama).

/sän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～市) Miyama (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


唐津

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

(～市) Karatsu (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


伊萬里

/i⁵⁵ wän⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/i⁵⁵ wän⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 伊万里 (Imari).

(～市) Imari (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


小城

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 小城(おぎ) (Ogi).

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

(～市) Ogi (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


嬉野

/ɕi⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 嬉野 (Ureshino).

(～市) Ureshino (a city in Saga Prefecture, Japan)


諫早

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡sɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 諫早 (Isahaya).

(～市) Isahaya (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


平戶

/pʰiŋ³⁵ xu⁵¹/

/pʰiŋ³⁵ xu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 平戸 (Hirado).

(～市) Hirado (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


壹岐

/i⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/i⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 壱岐 (Iki).

(～市) Iki (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


對馬

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɵy̯³³ maː¹³/

/tu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɵy̯³³ maː¹³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 対(つし)馬(ま) (Tsushima).
Pulleyblank (1962: part II, p218) proposes that the character 對／对 once ended in -s during the Old Chinese period, and that this is responsible for the usage of 對／对 in the placename.

(～島) Tsushima Island (an island of Tsushima, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)

(～市) Tsushima (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 対馬, Tsushima


五島

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/u²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 五島 (Gotō).

(～市) Gotō (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


雲仙

/yn³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/yn³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 雲仙 (Unzen).

(～市) Unzen (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


南島原

/nän³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/nän³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 南島原 (Minamishimabara).

(～市) Minamishimabara (a city in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan)


人吉

/ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 人吉 (Hitoyoshi).

(～市) Hitoyoshi (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


荒尾

/xu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/xu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 荒尾 (Arao).

(～市) Arao (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


玉名

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 玉名 (Tamana).

(～市) Tamana (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


本渡

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

/pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 本渡 (Hondo).

(～市) Hondo (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


山鹿

/ʂän⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/ʂän⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 山鹿 (Yamaga).

(～市) Yamaga (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


宇土

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇土 (Uto).

(～市) Uto (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


上天草

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 上天草 (Kamiamakusa).

(～市) Kamiamakusa (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


阿蘇

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 阿蘇 (Aso).

(～市) Aso (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


合志

/xɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/xɤ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 合志 (Kōshi).

(～市) Kōshi (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


天草

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡sʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 天草 (Amakusa).

(～市) Amakusa (a city in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan)


中津

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 中津 (Nakatsu).

(～市) Nakatsu (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


日田

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/jɐt̚² tʰiːn²¹/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/jɐt̚² tʰiːn²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 日田 (Hita).

(～市) Hita (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


臼杵

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Usuki (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


津久見

ㄐㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

ㄐㄧㄣ ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄐㄧㄢˋ

Цзиньцзюцзянь

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 津久見 (Tsukumi).

(～市) Tsukumi (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


豐後高田

ㄈㄥ ㄏㄡˋ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

ㄈㄥ ㄏㄡˋ ㄍㄠ ㄊㄧㄢˊ

Фэнхоугаотянь

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊後高田 (Bungotakada).

(～市) Bungotakada (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


杵築

/ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 杵築 (Kitsuki).

(～市) Kitsuki (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


宇佐

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/y²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇佐 (Usa).

(～市) Usa (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


延岡

/jɛn³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 延岡 (Nobeoka).

(～市) Nobeoka (a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)


日南

/ʐ̩⁵¹ nän³⁵/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ nän³⁵/

(historical) (～郡) Rinan (an ancient commandery in modern Vietnam)


日南

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 日(にち)南(なん) (Nichinan).

/ʐ̩⁵¹ nän³⁵/

/ʐ̩⁵¹ nän³⁵/

(～市) Nichinan (a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)

(～町) Nichinan (a town in Tottori Prefecture, Japan)


串間

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 串間 (Kushima).

(～市) Kushima (a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)


蝦野

/ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː⁵⁵ jɛː¹³/

/ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/haː⁵⁵ jɛː¹³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese えびの (Ebino).

(～市) Ebino (a city in Miyazaki Prefecture, Japan)


鹿屋

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鹿屋 (Kanoya).

(～市) Kanoya (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


枕崎

/ʈ͡ʂən²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂən²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 枕崎 (Makurazaki).

(～市) Makurazaki (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


阿久根

/ˀä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kən⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ kən⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 阿久根 (Akune).

(～市) Akune (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


大口

/tä⁵¹ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² hɐu̯³⁵/

/ta⁴⁵ kʰəu⁵³/

/du²² kʰɤ⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² hɐu̯³⁵/

/ta⁴⁵ kʰəu⁵³/

/du²² kʰɤ⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大口 (Ōkuchi) for the city of Ōkuchi.

(～市) Ōkuchi (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


指宿

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ su⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ su⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 指宿 (Ibusuki).

(～市) Ibusuki (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


西之表

/ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵ pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 西之表 (Nishinoomote).

(～市) Nishinoomote (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


垂水

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 垂水 (Tarumizu).

(～市) Tarumizu (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


薩摩川內

ㄙㄚˋ ㄇㄛˊ ㄔㄨㄢ ㄋㄟˋ

ㄙㄚˋ ㄇㄛˊ ㄔㄨㄢ ㄋㄟˋ

Самочуаньнэй

/sä⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/sä⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 薩摩川内 (Satsumasendai).

(～市) Satsumasendai (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


南薩摩

/nän³⁵ sä⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

/nän³⁵ sä⁵¹ mu̯ɔ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 南薩摩 (Minamisatsuma).

(～市) Minamisatsuma (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


霧島

/u⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/u⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 霧島 (Kirishima).

(～市) Kirishima (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


市來串木野

ㄕˋ ㄌㄞˊ ㄔㄨㄢˋ ㄇㄨˋ ㄧㄝˇ

ㄕˋ ㄌㄞˊ ㄔㄨㄢˋ ㄇㄨˋ ㄧㄝˇ

Шилайчуаньмуе

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ laɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese いちき串木野 (Ichikikushikino).

(～市) Ichikikushikino (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


志布志

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 志布志 (Shibushi).

(～市) Shibushi (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


奄美

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 奄美 (Amami).

(～市) Amami (a city in Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


浦添

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 浦添 (Urasoe).

(～市) Urasoe (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


宜野灣

/i³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ wän⁵⁵/

/i³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ wän⁵⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宜野湾 (Ginowan).

(～市) Ginowan (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


名護

/mɪŋ²¹ wuː²²/

/mɪŋ²¹ wuː²²/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 名護 (Nago).

(～市) Nago (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


絲滿

/sz̩⁵⁵ män²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sz̩⁵⁵ män²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Itoman (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


豐見城

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊見城 (Tomigusuku).

(～市) Tomigusuku (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


宇流麻

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ mä³⁵/

/y²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ mä³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 宇流麻 (Uruma).

(～市) Uruma (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


宮古島

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kuː³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ kuː³⁵ tou̯³⁵/

(～市) Miyakojima (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


南城

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/naːm²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

(～縣) Nancheng (a county of Fuzhou, Jiangxi, China)

(～市) Nanjō (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)

(～街道) Nancheng (a subdistrict of Anlu district, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)

(～街道) Nancheng (a subdistrict of Zaoyang, Xiangyang, Hubei, China)

(～街道) Nancheng (a subdistrict of Dongguan, Guangdong, China)


美禰

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi³⁵/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mi³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 美祢 (Mine).

(～市) Mine (a city in Yamaguchi Prefecture, Japan)


筑紫野

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂu³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Chikushino (a city in Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan)


豐後大野

ㄈㄥ ㄏㄡˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄧㄝˇ

ㄈㄥ ㄏㄡˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄧㄝˇ

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɤŋ⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 豊後大野 (Bungoōno).

(～市) Bungoōno (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


由布

/joʊ̯³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/joʊ̯³⁵ pu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 由布 (Yufu).

(～市) Yufu (a city in Ōita Prefecture, Japan)


世界時

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/


姬路

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 姫(ひめ)路(じ) (Himeji).

(～市) Himeji (a city in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


密市

/mi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/mɐt̚² siː¹³/

/mi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/mɐt̚² siː¹³/

The government of the city of Mississauga also values traditional Chinese culture a lot; it has recently passed a by-law allowing residents of Mississauga to obtain a permit for setting off fireworks during Chinese New Year.

醒獅助興舞蹈表演 財神現場大派利是 密市華商政界 共聚市府慶新春, 星島日報 (Sing Tao Daily)

Mìshì shìzhèngfǔ yì fēicháng zhòngshì Zhōngguó chuántǒng wénhuà, zuìjìn tōngguò fùlì, Mìshì jūmín qǔdé xǔkězhèng, kě zài nónglì xīnnián fàng yānhuā.

密市市政府亦非常重視中國傳統文化，最近通過附例，密市居民取得許可證，可在農曆新年放煙花。

密市市政府亦非常重视中国传统文化，最近通过附例，密市居民取得许可证，可在农历新年放烟花。

short for 密西沙加市 (Mìxīshājiā shì, “Mississauga”)


保釣運動

ㄅㄠˇ ㄉㄧㄠˋ ㄩㄣˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ

ㄅㄠˇ ㄉㄧㄠˋ ㄩㄣˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ

Баодяо юньдун

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹/


保釣

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹/


諾亞方舟

ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄚˋ ㄈㄤ ㄓㄡ

ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄚˇ ㄈㄤ ㄓㄡ

/nu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/nu̯ɔ⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/nɔːk̚² aː³³ fɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/nu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/nu̯ɔ⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/nɔːk̚² aː³³ fɔːŋ⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/


防火長城

ㄈㄤˊ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄔㄤˊ ㄔㄥˊ

ㄈㄤˊ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄔㄤˊ ㄔㄥˊ

Фанхо Чанчэн

/fɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/fɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

Great Firewall of China
Great Firewall of China


山姆大叔

ㄕㄢ ㄇㄨˇ ㄉㄚˋ ㄕㄨ

ㄕㄢ ㄇㄨˇ ㄉㄚˋ ㄕㄨˊ

/ʂän⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹ ʂu³⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tä⁵¹ ʂu³⁵/


巴塞羅那

ㄅㄚ ㄙㄞˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄅㄚ ㄙㄞˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄚˋ

/pä⁵⁵ saɪ̯⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ nä⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ lɔː²¹ naː¹³/

/pä⁵⁵ saɪ̯⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ nä⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ lɔː²¹ naː¹³/

Barcelona (the capital city of Catalonia, Spain; the capital city of Barcelona province)

(～省) Barcelona (a province of Catalonia, Spain; capital: Barcelona)


水牛城

ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄔㄥˊ

ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄔㄥˊ

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu¹³⁻²² siã¹³/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴/

/t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²³⁻³³ siã²³/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sɵy̯³⁵ ŋɐu̯²¹ sɪŋ²¹/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/t͡sui⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻²² siã²⁴/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu¹³⁻²² siã¹³/

/t͡sui⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ siã²⁴/

/t͡sui⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɡu²³⁻³³ siã²³/

Buffalo (a city in New York, United States)


傑斐遜

ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄈㄟˇ ㄒㄩㄣˋ

ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄈㄟˇ ㄒㄩㄣˋ

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕyn⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ feɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕyn⁵¹/

A transliteration of the English surname and male given name Jefferson


哈里斯

/xä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/xä⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the English surname and male given name Harris


胡安

/xu³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/xu³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the Spanish male given name Juan


阿爾卑斯

/ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/aː³³ jiː¹³ pei̯⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/aː³³ jiː¹³ pei̯⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵/

～山脈 阿爾卑斯山脈#Chinese


灕江

/li³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lei̯²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/li²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/li¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/lei̯²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/li²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/li¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/li²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

Li River (a river in the Guangxi autonomous region)


偪陽

/fu³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/fu³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

(～國) (historical) an ancient state during the Spring and Autumn period in modern Shandong


獨斷

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (獨斷):
* → Japanese: 独(どく)断(だん) (dokudan)
* → Korean: 독단(獨斷) (dokdan)
* → Vietnamese: độc đoán (獨斷)

/tɔk̚²⁴⁻² tuan²²/

/tɔk̚⁴⁻³² tuan²¹/

/tɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tuan²¹/

/tɔk̚⁴⁻³² tuan¹¹/

/tɔk̚²⁴⁻² tuan²²/

/tɔk̚⁴⁻³² tuan²¹/

/tɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tuan²¹/

/tɔk̚⁴⁻³² tuan¹¹/

Solitary Decisions (fragmentary text dated late Han era or later, attributed to Cai Yong)


鴻福

/xʊŋ³⁵ fu³⁵/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚³²/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚⁵/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² hɔk̚³²/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔk̚³²/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ hɔk̚³²/

/xʊŋ³⁵ fu³⁵/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚³²/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻²² hɔk̚⁵/

/hɔŋ¹³⁻²² hɔk̚³²/

/hɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔk̚³²/

/hɔŋ²³⁻³³ hɔk̚³²/

For pronunciation and definitions of 鴻福 – see 洪福 (“great blessing; good fortune”).
(This term is a variant form of 洪福).

zh-see

(～里) an urban village in Nangang district, Taipei, Taiwan


千島

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

千島群島

千岛群岛


大曲

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² kʰʊk̚⁵/

/tä⁵¹ t͡ɕʰy²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² kʰʊk̚⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 大(おお)曲(まがり) (Ōmagari).

(～市) Ōmagari (a former city in Akita Prefecture, Japan)


呵羅單

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tän⁵⁵/

/kʰɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tän⁵⁵/

(～國) (historical) An ancient state in modern-day Indonesia.


登萊

/tɤŋ⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

/tɤŋ⁵⁵ laɪ̯³⁵/

From the name of the district's two most important towns under the late Ming, Dengzhou-fu (登州府) and Laizhou-fu (萊州府).

(historical) Denglai, a district overseen by a xunfu (巡撫) during the late Ming dynasty.


大觀

/tä⁵¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ku̯än⁵⁵/

(～區) Daguan (a district of Anqing, Anhui, China)


鄋瞞

/soʊ̯⁵⁵ män³⁵/

/soʊ̯⁵⁵ män³⁵/

(historical) an ancient state during the Spring and Autumn period in modern-day Shandong


戶部

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (戶部):
* → Japanese: 戸(こ)部(ぶ) (Kobu)
* → Korean: 호부(戶部) (Hobu)
* → Vietnamese: Hộ bộ (戶部)

→ English: hoppo

/xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

(historical politics) The imperial Chinese Ministry of Revenue from the Tang to Qing dynasties.


民部

(historical politics) The imperial Chinese Ministry of Revenue under the Sui dynasty.


度支

/tu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

/tu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/

(historical politics) The imperial Chinese Ministry of Revenue before the Sui dynasty.


吏部

Sino-Xenic (吏部):
* → Japanese: 吏(り)部(ぶ) (Ribu)
* → Korean: 이부(吏部) (Ibu)
* → Vietnamese: Lại bộ (吏部)

/li⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/li⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

(historical politics) The imperial Chinese Ministry of Personnel


六部

Sino-Xenic (六部):
* → Japanese: 六(りく)部(ぶ) (Rikubu)
* → Korean: 육부(六部) (Yukbu)
* → Vietnamese: Lục bộ (六部)

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

(historical politics) the Six Ministries of medieval and early modern imperial China: Personnel, Revenue, War, Rites, Public Works, and Justice


禮部

Sino-Xenic (禮部):
* → Korean: 예부(禮部) (yebu)
* → Vietnamese: Lễ bộ (禮部)

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

(historical politics) the imperial Chinese Ministry of Rites, which also oversaw China's foreign affairs before 1861


工部

Sino-Xenic (工部):
* → Japanese: 工(こう)部(ぶ) (Kōbu)
* → Korean: 공부(工部) (Gongbu)
* → Vietnamese: Công bộ (工部)

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

(historical politics) The imperial Chinese Ministry of Works from the Tang to Qing dynasties.


刑部

Sino-Xenic (刑部):
* → Japanese: 刑(けい)部(ぶ) (Keibu)
* → Korean: 형부(刑部) (Hyeongbu)
* → Vietnamese: Hình bộ (刑部)

/ɕiŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹/

(historical politics) The imperial Chinese Ministry of Punishments (i.e., Justice) from the Tang to Qing dynasties.


兵部

Sino-Xenic (兵部):
* → Japanese: 兵(へい)部(ぶ) (Heibu)
* → Korean: 병부(兵部) (byeongbu)
* → Vietnamese: Binh bộ (兵部)

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ pou̯²²/

/pɪŋ⁵⁵ pou̯²²/

(historical politics) The imperial Chinese Ministry of War (i.e., Defense) from the Tang to Qing dynasties


長山

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰœːŋ²¹ saːn⁵⁵/

(～列島) Changshan Islands (archipelago between northeastern China's Shandong and Liaoning peninsulas)


長山

/t͡ʃʰoŋ⁵⁵ san⁵³/

/t͡ʃʰoŋ⁵⁵ san⁵³/


常凱申

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵ kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂən⁵⁵/

From the mistranslation of English Chiang Kai-shek (Chinese 蔣介石 /蒋介石) into 常凱申 by history professor Wang Qi (王奇) in the third chapter of her book 中俄國界東段學術史研究：中國、俄國、西方學者視野中的中俄國界東段問題, published in 2008.

lang

中俄國界東段學術史研究：中國、俄國、西方學者視野中的中俄國界東段問題

中俄國界東段學術史研究：中國、俄國、西方學者視野中的中俄國界東段問題

(Mainland China, humorous, slang) Chiang Kai-shek


婆羅米文

ㄆㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄧˇ ㄨㄣˊ

ㄆㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄧˇ ㄨㄣˊ

/pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ wən³⁵/

/pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ wən³⁵/


婆羅浮屠

ㄆㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄨˊ ㄊㄨˊ

ㄆㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄈㄨˊ ㄊㄨˊ

/pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ fu³⁵ tʰu³⁵/

/pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ fu³⁵ tʰu³⁵/


念青唐古拉山

ㄋㄧㄢˋ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄊㄤˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄌㄚ ㄕㄢ

ㄋㄧㄢˋ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄊㄤˊ ㄍㄨˇ ㄌㄚ ㄕㄢ

Няньцинтангула Шань

/ni̯ɛn⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/niːm²² t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ tʰɔːŋ²¹ kuː³⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ saːn⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan གཉན་ཆེན་ཐང་ལྷ (gnyan chen thang lha, “god of grassland”) + 山 (shān, “mountain”). Unrelated to 唐古拉山 (Tánggǔlā Shān).

bor

གཉན་ཆེན་ཐང་ལྷ


斯諾登

/sz̩⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ tɤŋ⁵⁵/

/sz̩⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ tɤŋ⁵⁵/


多普勒

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹/

/tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹/


阿卡迪亞

ㄚ ㄎㄚˇ ㄉㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄚ ㄎㄚˇ ㄉㄧˊ ㄧㄚˇ

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ti³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


浮士德

/fu³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/

/fu³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ tɤ³⁵/


大呂宋

ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄩˇ ㄙㄨㄥˋ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄩˇ ㄙㄨㄥˋ

/tä⁵¹ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² lɵy̯¹³ sʊŋ³³/

/tua²²⁻²¹ lu²²⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/tua³³⁻²¹ lu³³⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ lu³³⁻¹¹ sɔŋ¹¹/

/tä⁵¹ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² lɵy̯¹³ sʊŋ³³/

/tua²²⁻²¹ lu²²⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/tua³³⁻²¹ lu³³⁻²¹ sɔŋ²¹/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ lu³³⁻¹¹ sɔŋ¹¹/

Literally means "Greater Luzon", referring to the Philippines being a colony of the Spanish Empire.

1876 [1852], Wei Yuan, 海國圖志 [Illustrated Treatise on the Maritime Kingdoms], volume 83, 平慶涇固道署, page 5:

When Guangdong Province trades foreign money with other countries, they all use Spanish dollars. Therefore, foreigners all bring Spanish silver dollars to purchase Chinese goods.

Yuè shěng yǔ wàiguó jiāoyì fānyín, jù shì yòng Dàlǚsòng zhī dálà yángqián, gù wàiyí gè dài dálà fānyín, yǐ mǎi Zhōngguó zhī huò.

粵省與外國交易番銀，俱是用大呂宋之達剌洋錢，故外夷各帶達剌番銀，以買中國之貨。

粤省与外国交易番银，俱是用大吕宋之达剌洋钱，故外夷各带达剌番银，以买中国之货。

1853 September 1, “西程述概”, in 遐邇貫珍 [Chinese Serial], volume I, number 2, page 4:

Four days later, we arrived at the British-controlled island of Malta, and six days later, we arrived at Gibraltor, in the southernmost point of Spain.

jyut⁶ sei³ jat⁶, naai⁵ dai² jing¹ suk⁶ dei⁶ mo¹ lei⁶ daa² hoi² dou², zoi³ gwo³ luk⁶ jat⁶, dai² daai⁶ leoi⁵ sung³ naam⁴ gik⁶ zi¹ cek³ baak³ laai¹ dak¹.

越四日，乃抵英屬地摩利打海島，再過六日，抵大呂宋南極之尺伯拉得。

越四日，乃抵英属地摩利打海岛，再过六日，抵大吕宋南极之尺伯拉得。

1856, Richard Quarterman Way, 地球說略, Ningbo: 華花聖經書房, page 87:

Another island is called "Canary", which is under the jurisdiction of Spain.

Yòu yī dǎo míng jiānálì, xì dàlǚsòng suǒ xiá.

又一島名加拿利，係大呂宋所轄。

又一岛名加拿利，系大吕宋所辖。


小呂宋

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄌㄩˇ ㄙㄨㄥˋ

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄌㄩˇ ㄙㄨㄥˋ

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/sio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ li³³⁻²² sɔŋ⁴¹/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ly²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵¹/

/sio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ li³³⁻²² sɔŋ⁴¹/


棠棣

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ ti⁵¹/

/tʰɑŋ³⁵ ti⁵¹/

(～鎮) Tangdi (a town in Anlu, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)


三星堆

/sän⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ sɪŋ⁵⁵ tɵy̯⁵⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵ tu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/

/saːm⁵⁵ sɪŋ⁵⁵ tɵy̯⁵⁵/


碧仙桃

/pi⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pɪk̚⁵ siːn⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

/pi⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pɪk̚⁵ siːn⁵⁵ tʰou̯²¹/

Phono-semantic matching of English Bristol.

psm

(chiefly Cantonese) Bristol (a city, county, and unitary authority in southwest England)


行唐

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

/ɕiŋ³⁵ tʰɑŋ³⁵/

(～縣) Xingtang (a county of Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China)


中統

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(historical) short for 中國國民黨中央執行委員會調查統計局／中国国民党中央执行委员会调查统计局 (Zhōngguó Guómíndǎng zhōngyāng zhíxíng wěiyuánhuì diàochá tǒngjì jú, “Central Bureau of Investigation and Statistics”)

中國國民黨中央執行委員會調查統計局

(historical) era name of Kublai Khan, Emperor Shizu of Yuan (1260–1264)


軍統

/t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕyn⁵⁵ tʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(historical) short for 國民政府軍事委員會調查統計局／国民政府军事委员会调查统计局 (Guómín Zhèngfǔ jūnshì wěiyuánhuì diàochá tǒngjì jú, “Bureau of Investigation and Statistics”)


錕鋙

/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ u³⁵/

/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ u³⁵/

(literary, historical) a mountain mentioned in ancient texts


華胥

/xu̯ä³⁵ ɕy⁵⁵/

/xu̯ä³⁵ ɕy⁵⁵/

(Chinese mythology) mythological civilisation to the south of Mount Hua; ideal state

(～鎮) Huaxu (a town in Lantian, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China)


八思巴

Japanese: パスパ (Pasupa)

/pä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Tibetan འཕགས་པ ('phags pa, literally “noble”).


激流島

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Waiheke Island (an island of New Zealand)


秦皇

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕʰin³⁵ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɵn²¹ wɔːŋ²¹/

(historical) short for 秦始皇 (Qín Shǐhuáng, “Qin Shi Huang (the first emperor of China)”)


雪隆

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/

/ɕy̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lʊŋ³⁵/


南海諸島

ㄋㄢˊ ㄏㄞˇ ㄓㄨ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄋㄢˊ ㄏㄞˇ ㄓㄨ ㄉㄠˇ

Наньхай Чжудао

/nän³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nän³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


北疆

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kœːŋ⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ kœːŋ⁵⁵/


南疆

/nän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ kœːŋ⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ kœːŋ⁵⁵/

Southern Xinjiang (usually known as the Tarim Basin)


三北

/sän⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sän⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(abbreviation) the Three Norths, namely Northeast China (東北／东北 (dōngběi)), North China (華北／华北 (Huáběi)) and Northwest China (西北 (xīběi))

(Mainland China) short for 三北防護林工程 /三北防护林工程 (Sānběi fánghùlín gōngchéng, “Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program, a.k.a. the Great Green Wall of China”)


扎伊爾

/ʈ͡ʂä³⁵ i⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂä³⁵ i⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

(Mainland China) (historical) Zaire (former name of the Democratic Republic of the Congo: a country in Central Africa; used from 1971–1997)


王府井

ㄨㄤˊ ㄈㄨˇ ㄐㄧㄥˇ

ㄨㄤˊ ㄈㄨˇ ㄐㄧㄥˇ

/wɑŋ³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

ㄨㄤˊ ㄈㄨˇ ㄐㄧㄥˇㄦ

/wɑŋ³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiɤ̯̃ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɑŋ³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɑŋ³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡ɕiɤ̯̃ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Wangfujing (shopping district in Beijing)


一月份

/i⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/i⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/jɐt̚⁵ jyːt̚² fɐn²²/

/i⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/i⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/jɐt̚⁵ jyːt̚² fɐn²²/


二月份

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/jiː²² jyːt̚² fɐn²²/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/jiː²² jyːt̚² fɐn²²/


三月份

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/sän⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/


四月份

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/


五月份

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/ŋ̍¹³ jyːt̚² fɐn²²/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/ŋ̍¹³ jyːt̚² fɐn²²/


六月份

ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄩㄝˋ ㄈㄣˋ

ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄩㄝˋ ㄈㄣˋ

ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄩㄝˋ ˙ㄈㄣ

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/lʊk̚² jyːt̚² fɐn²²/

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/li̯oʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/lʊk̚² jyːt̚² fɐn²²/


七月份

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ jyːt̚² fɐn²²/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ jyːt̚² fɐn²²/


八月份

/pä⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/pä⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/pä⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/pä⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/


九月份

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄩㄝˋ ㄈㄣˋ

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄩㄝˋ ㄈㄣˋ

ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄩㄝˋ ˙ㄈㄣ

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/kɐu̯³⁵ jyːt̚² fɐn²²/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/kɐu̯³⁵ jyːt̚² fɐn²²/


十月份

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/sɐp̚² jyːt̚² fɐn²²/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/sɐp̚² jyːt̚² fɐn²²/


十一月份

ㄕˊ ㄧ ㄩㄝˋ ㄈㄣˋ

ㄕˊ ㄧ ㄩㄝˋ ㄈㄣˋ

ㄕˊ ㄧ ㄩㄝˋ ˙ㄈㄣ

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ i⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ i⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/sɐp̚² jɐt̚⁵ jyːt̚² fɐn²²/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ i⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ i⁵⁵ ɥɛ⁵¹ fən¹/

/sɐp̚² jɐt̚⁵ jyːt̚² fɐn²²/


十二月份

ㄕˊ ㄦˋ ㄩㄝˋ ㄈㄣˋ

ㄕˊ ㄦˋ ㄩㄝˋ ㄈㄣˋ

ㄕˊ ㄦˋ ˙ㄩㄝ ˙ㄈㄣ

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ɥɛ¹ fən¹/

/sɐp̚² jiː²² jyːt̚² fɐn²²/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fən⁵¹/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ɥɛ¹ fən¹/

/sɐp̚² jiː²² jyːt̚² fɐn²²/


恩格斯

/ˀən⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ kaːk̚³ siː⁵⁵/

/ˀən⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/jɐn⁵⁵ kaːk̚³ siː⁵⁵/


江淮

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ waːi̯²¹/

/kɑ̃⁵⁵ ɦua²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ waːi̯²¹/

/kɑ̃⁵⁵ ɦua²¹/

Jianghuai (a cultural region of China comprising the land between the Yangtze and Huai, especially encompassing Jiangsu, much of Anhui, and southern Henan)


達格斯坦

ㄉㄚˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄉㄚˊ ㄍㄜˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

/tä³⁵ kɤ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tä³⁵ kɤ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


韃靼斯坦

ㄉㄚˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

ㄉㄚˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄙ ㄊㄢˇ

/tä³⁵ tä³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tä³⁵ tä³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～共和國) Tatarstan (a republic and federal subject of south-central Russia)


八達嶺

/pä⁵⁵ tä³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

ㄅㄚ ㄉㄚˊ ㄌㄧㄥˇㄦ

/pä⁵⁵ tä³⁵ liɤ̯̃ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pä⁵⁵ tä³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pä⁵⁵ tä³⁵ liɤ̯̃ɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Great Wall of China
Great Wall of China#English

Badaling (most visited section of the Great Wall of China)


塔拉

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/


烏拉

乌拉
靰鞡
兀剌
乌拉
烏喇
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉

(～部) (historical) a tribe of Jurchen people


烏拉

乌拉
靰鞡
兀剌
乌拉
烏喇
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉

(～山) Alternative term for 烏拉爾／乌拉尔 (Wūlā'ěr, “Ural”).


烏拉

Borrowed from Mongolian ᠠᠭᠤᠯᠠ (aɣula, “mountain”).

乌拉
靰鞡
兀剌
乌拉
烏喇
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉

(～山) a mountain in Bayannur, which is part of the Yin Mountains


烏拉

乌拉
靰鞡
兀剌
乌拉
烏喇
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉


烏拉

乌拉
靰鞡
兀剌
乌拉
烏喇
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉
乌拉

(uncommon) short for 烏拉圭／乌拉圭 (Wūlāguī, “Uruguay”)


德訓篇

ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄩㄣˋ ㄆㄧㄢ

ㄉㄜˊ ㄒㄩㄣˋ ㄆㄧㄢ

/tɤ³⁵ ɕyn⁵¹ pʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tɐk̚⁵ fɐn³³ pʰiːn⁵⁵/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hun¹¹⁻⁵³ pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hun²¹⁻⁴¹ pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ hun²¹⁻⁵³ pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hun²¹⁻⁵³ pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/tiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ hun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ pʰiɛn³³/

/tɤ³⁵ ɕyn⁵¹ pʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/tɐk̚⁵ fɐn³³ pʰiːn⁵⁵/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hun¹¹⁻⁵³ pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hun²¹⁻⁴¹ pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ hun²¹⁻⁵³ pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ hun²¹⁻⁵³ pʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/tiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ hun⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ pʰiɛn³³/

(Catholicism) Sirach (book of the Bible)


孛兒只斤

ㄅㄛˊ ㄦˊ ㄓˇ ㄐㄧㄣ

ㄅㄛˊ ㄦˊ ㄓˇ ㄐㄧㄣ

Боэрчжицзинь

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤɻ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Middle Mongol ᠪᠣᠷᠵᠢᠭᠢᠨ (borǰigin).


柏林牆

ㄅㄛˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄑㄧㄤˊ

ㄅㄛˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄑㄧㄤˊ

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ lin³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/pʰaːk̚³ lɐm²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ lin³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/pʰaːk̚³ lɐm²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

柏林牆倒塌

柏林墙倒塌


柏林圍牆

ㄅㄛˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄑㄧㄤˊ

ㄅㄛˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄑㄧㄤˊ

Болинь Вэйцян

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ lin³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/pʰaːk̚³ lɐm²¹ wɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ lim²³⁻³³ ui²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiũ²³/

/piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ lim²⁴⁻¹¹ ui²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiũ²⁴/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ lin³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/pʰaːk̚³ lɐm²¹ wɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/

/piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ lim²³⁻³³ ui²³⁻³³ t͡sʰiũ²³/

/piɪk̚³²⁻⁴ lim²⁴⁻¹¹ ui²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiũ²⁴/


邏些

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ su̯ɔ⁵¹/

Borrowed from Old Tibetan ར་ས (ra sa). Doublet of 拉薩／拉萨 (Lāsà).

zh-l

拉薩／拉萨 (Lāsà)

(archaic, during the Tang dynasty) Lhasa


雷州

→ English: Leizhou, Luichow, Luichew

→ Georgian: ლეიჭოუ (leič̣ou)

/leɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lɵy̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/le²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/leɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/lɵy̯²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/le²² t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(～市) Leizhou (a county-level city of Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China)


聖公會

ㄕㄥˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ kʊŋ⁵⁵ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hue²²/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɔŋ³³ hue⁴¹/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hue²²/

/siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hue³³/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hue³³/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ kʊŋ⁵⁵ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hue²²/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɔŋ³³ hue⁴¹/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² hue²²/

/siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hue³³/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ kɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ hue³³/


𱎼家人

/kɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/kɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/


革家人

/kɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/kɤ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʐən³⁵/

⿰亻革家人 ⿰亻革家人#Chinese


度娘

/tu⁵¹ ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/tu⁵¹ ni̯ɑŋ³⁵/

(Internet slang, humorous) "Miss Baidu": Baidu anthropomorphized as a cute girl


杜魯門

/tu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵/

/tu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mən³⁵/

A transliteration of the English surname Truman


烏拉爾

/u⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wuː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

/u⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wuː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³/


干將

/kän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/kän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/


黃大仙

→ English: Wong Tai Sin

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄧㄢ

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄉㄚˋ ㄒㄧㄢ

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ taːi̯²² siːn⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ tä⁵¹ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ taːi̯²² siːn⁵⁵/

Wong Tai Sin (an area of the Wong Tai Sin District, Hong Kong)

(～區) Wong Tai Sin District (a district of Hong Kong)


黎凡特

/li³⁵ fän³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/lɐi̯²¹ faːn²¹ tɐk̚²/

/li³⁵ fän³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/lɐi̯²¹ faːn²¹ tɐk̚²/

Levant (a cultural region of Western Asia consisting of the eastern Mediterranean countries, i.e. Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Jordan and Cyprus)


呂底亞

/ly²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/ly²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɵy̯¹³ tɐi̯³⁵ aː³³/

/ly²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/ly²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɵy̯¹³ tɐi̯³⁵ aː³³/

(historical) Lydia (a historical region and ancient kingdom in western Asia Minor, in modern-day Turkey)

(biblical) Lydia (woman converted by Paul)


博斯普魯斯海峽

ㄅㄛˊ ㄙ ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄙ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

ㄅㄛˊ ㄙ ㄆㄨˇ ㄌㄨˇ ㄙ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

Босыпулусы Хайся

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵/


馬爾馬拉海

ㄇㄚˇ ㄦˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄞˇ

ㄇㄚˇ ㄦˇ ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄞˇ

Маэрмала Хай

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


達達尼爾海峽

ㄉㄚˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄦˇ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

ㄉㄚˊ ㄉㄚˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄦˇ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

Даданиэр Хайся

/tä³⁵ tä³⁵ ni³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵/


伊索

/i⁵⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː⁵⁵ sɔːk̚³/

/i⁵⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː⁵⁵ sɔːk̚³/

伊索寓言


衛城

/weɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/wɐi̯²² sɪŋ²¹/

/weɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/wɐi̯²² sɪŋ²¹/


帕特農

ㄆㄚˋ ㄊㄜˋ ㄋㄨㄥˊ

ㄆㄚˋ ㄊㄜˋ ㄋㄨㄥˊ

/pʰä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰɤ⁵¹ nʊŋ³⁵/

/pʰä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰɤ⁵¹ nʊŋ³⁵/


帕德嫩

/pʰä⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ nən⁵¹/

/pʰä⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ nən⁵¹/


線形文字A

ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄨㄣˊ ㄗˋ ㄟ

ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄨㄣˊ ㄗˋ ㄟ

Сяньсин Вэньцзы Эй

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ɕiŋ³⁵ wən³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹ ˀeɪ̯⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ɕiŋ³⁵ wən³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹ ˀeɪ̯⁵⁵/


線形文字B

ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄨㄣˊ ㄗˋ ㄅㄧˋ

ㄒㄧㄢˋ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄨㄣˊ ㄗˋ ㄅㄧˋ

Сяньсин Вэньцзы Би

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ɕiŋ³⁵ wən³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi⁵¹/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ɕiŋ³⁵ wən³⁵ t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi⁵¹/


盧浮宮

/lu³⁵ fu³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lou̯²¹ fɐu̯²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lu³⁵ fu³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/lou̯²¹ fɐu̯²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵/


凱末爾

/kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ muːt̚² jiː¹³/

/kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ muːt̚² jiː¹³/


如皋

/ʐu³⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/ʐu³⁵ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

(～市) Rugao (a county-level city of Nantong, Jiangsu, China)


滇南

/ti̯ɛn⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

/ti̯ɛn⁵⁵ nän³⁵/

Alternative name for 雲南／云南 (Yúnnán, “Yunnan province”).


梅縣

/meɪ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/muːi̯²¹ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

/bue⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kũĩ¹¹/

/me²² ɦyø⁴⁴/

/meɪ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/muːi̯²¹ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

/bue⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kũĩ¹¹/

/me²² ɦyø⁴⁴/

Mei County, Meixian (a former county of Guangdong, China)

(～區) Meixian (a district of Meizhou, Guangdong, China)


發改委

/fä⁵⁵ kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fä⁵⁵ kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Short for 發展和改革委員會／发展和改革委员会 (fāzhǎn hé gǎigé wěiyuánhuì).

zh-etym-short

National Development and Reform Commission


埃塔

/ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Euskadi Ta Askatasuna
Euskadi Ta Askatasuna


藍青官話

ㄌㄢˊ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

ㄌㄢˊ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

ланьцин гуаньхуа

/län³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/län³⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

Old National Pronunciation
Old National Pronunciation

(obsolete, derogatory) Old National Pronunciation


重九

English: Double Ninth Festival

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ kɐu̯³⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kiu⁵⁵⁴/

/tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ kiu⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kiu⁵³/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kiu⁵³/

/tiɔŋ¹³⁻²² kiu⁵³/

/tiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kiu⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ kiu⁵³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ kɐu̯³⁵/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kiu⁵⁵⁴/

/tiɔŋ²³⁻³³ kiu⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kiu⁵³/

/tiɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kiu⁵³/

/tiɔŋ¹³⁻²² kiu⁵³/

/tiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ kiu⁴¹/

/tiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ kiu⁵³/

Double Ninth Festival
Double Ninth Festival

synonym of 重陽 /重阳 (Chóngyáng), the Double Ninth Festival.


達沃斯

/tä³⁵ wɔ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/tä³⁵ wɔ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/


阿姆

/ˀä⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ me²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ m̩⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ m̩⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² m̩⁴²/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² m̩⁵³/

/a⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ m̩⁵⁵⁴/

/a³³⁻²³ m⁵²/

/ˀä⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ me²⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ m̩⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ m̩⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² m̩⁴²/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² m̩⁵³/

/a⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ m̩⁵⁵⁴/

/a³³⁻²³ m⁵²/

(colloquial) short for 阿姆斯特丹 (Āmǔsītèdān, “Amsterdam (a city, the capital city of the Netherlands)”)


揚州十日

ㄧㄤˊ ㄓㄡ ㄕˊ ㄖˋ

ㄧㄤˊ ㄓㄡ ㄕˊ ㄖˋ

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²¹ t͡saːu̯⁵⁵ sɐp̚² jɐt̚²/

/jɑŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ ʂʐ̩³⁵ ʐ̩⁵¹/

/jœːŋ²¹ t͡saːu̯⁵⁵ sɐp̚² jɐt̚²/


準噶爾

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ kä³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɵn³⁵ kaː⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ kä³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʈ͡ʂu̯ən²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sɵn³⁵ kaː⁵⁵ jiː¹³/

Transcription of Manchu ᠵᡠᠨ
ᡤᠠᡵ (jun gar, “the Dzungars”), in turn from Classical Mongolian ᠵᠡᠭᠦᠨ
ᠭᠠᠷ (ǰegün ɣar, literally “left wing”).

der

(historical) (～部) Dzungars (Oirat-Mongolian people)


設拉子

/ʂɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ʂɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


百慕大三角

ㄅㄞˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄠˇ

ㄅㄞˇ ㄇㄨˋ ㄉㄚˋ ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄠˇ

Баймуда Саньцзяо

/paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tä⁵¹ sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


亞特蘭蒂斯

ㄧㄚˋ ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄢˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄙ

ㄧㄚˇ ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄢˊ ㄉㄧˋ ㄙ

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰɤ⁵¹ län³⁵ ti⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹ län³⁵ ti⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/aː³³ tɐk̚² laːn²¹ tɐi̯³³ siː⁵⁵/

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰɤ⁵¹ län³⁵ ti⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹ län³⁵ ti⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/aː³³ tɐk̚² laːn²¹ tɐi̯³³ siː⁵⁵/


瀛洲

/iŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/iɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/iɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jɪŋ²¹ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/iɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ²⁴⁻²² t͡siu³³/

/iɪŋ¹³⁻²² t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/iɪŋ²³⁻³³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

See also: 蓬萊, 方丈

(Chinese mythology) Yingzhou, a mythological eastern island which is the home of immortals and source of elixir of immortality


新大陸

/ɕin⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ taːi̯²² lʊk̚²/

/ɕin⁵⁵ tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹/

/sɐn⁵⁵ taːi̯²² lʊk̚²/


白令海峽

ㄅㄞˊ ㄌㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

ㄅㄞˊ ㄌㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

Байлин Хайся

/paɪ̯³⁵ liŋ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/paɪ̯³⁵ liŋ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵/


白令海

ㄅㄞˊ ㄌㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄞˇ

ㄅㄞˊ ㄌㄧㄥˋ ㄏㄞˇ

/paɪ̯³⁵ liŋ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paɪ̯³⁵ liŋ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


沙河

/saː⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/saː⁵⁵ hɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

/saː⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/saː⁵⁵ hɔː²¹⁻³⁵/

(～市) Shahe (a county-level city of Xingtai, Hebei, China)

(～街道) Shahe Subdistrict (various subdistricts in China)

(specifically) Shahe Subdistrict (a subdistrict of Guangzhou)

(～鎮) Shahe Town (various towns in China)

(～鄉) Shahe (a town in Yunmeng, Xiaogan, Hubei, China)

(～鄉) Shahe (a town in Fang, Shiyan, Hubei, China)

Sha River; Sandy River (various rivers in China)


馬可福音

ㄇㄚˇ ㄎㄜˇ ㄈㄨˊ ㄧㄣ

ㄇㄚˇ ㄎㄜˇ ㄈㄨˊ ㄧㄣ

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ hɔː³⁵ fʊk̚⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/

/ma³³⁻³⁵ kʰo³³ huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ iŋ⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ hɔː³⁵ fʊk̚⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/

/ma³³⁻³⁵ kʰo³³ huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ iŋ⁵⁵/


路加福音

ㄌㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄈㄨˊ ㄧㄣ

ㄌㄨˋ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄈㄨˊ ㄧㄣ

/lu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ fu³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/lou̯²² kaː⁵⁵ fʊk̚⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/

/l̃u²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾a⁵⁵ huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ iŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔ²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻²² hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ im⁴⁴/

/lɔ⁴¹⁻²² ka³³ hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ im³³/

/lɔ²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻²² hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ im⁴⁴/

/lɔ³³⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ im⁴⁴/

/lɔ³³⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ im⁴⁴/

/lu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ fu³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/lou̯²² kaː⁵⁵ fʊk̚⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/

/l̃u²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾a⁵⁵ huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ iŋ⁵⁵/

/lɔ²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻²² hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ im⁴⁴/

/lɔ⁴¹⁻²² ka³³ hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ im³³/

/lɔ²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻²² hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ im⁴⁴/

/lɔ³³⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ im⁴⁴/

/lɔ³³⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ im⁴⁴/


約翰福音

ㄩㄝ ㄏㄢˋ ㄈㄨˊ ㄧㄣ

ㄩㄝ ㄏㄢˋ ㄈㄨˊ ㄧㄣ

Юэхань Фуинь

/ɥɛ⁵⁵ xän⁵¹ fu³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/jœːk̚³ hɔːn²² fʊk̚⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/

/yoʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ hɑŋ²⁴² huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ iŋ⁵⁵/

/iɔk̚³²⁻⁴ han²²⁻²¹ hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ im⁴⁴/

/iɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ han⁴¹⁻²² hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ im³³/

/iɔk̚³²⁻⁵ han²²⁻²¹ hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ im⁴⁴/

/iɔk̚³²⁻⁴ han³³⁻¹¹ hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ im⁴⁴/

/iɔk̚³²⁻⁴ han³³⁻²¹ hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ im⁴⁴/

/ɥɛ⁵⁵ xän⁵¹ fu³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/jœːk̚³ hɔːn²² fʊk̚⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/

/yoʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ hɑŋ²⁴² huʔ²⁴⁻²¹ iŋ⁵⁵/

/iɔk̚³²⁻⁴ han²²⁻²¹ hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ im⁴⁴/

/iɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ han⁴¹⁻²² hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ im³³/

/iɔk̚³²⁻⁵ han²²⁻²¹ hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ im⁴⁴/

/iɔk̚³²⁻⁴ han³³⁻¹¹ hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ im⁴⁴/

/iɔk̚³²⁻⁴ han³³⁻²¹ hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ im⁴⁴/


使徒行傳

ㄕˇ ㄊㄨˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄨㄢˋ

ㄕˇ ㄊㄨˊ ㄒㄧㄥˊ ㄓㄨㄢˋ

Шиту Синчжуань

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu³⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵¹/

/siː³³ tʰou̯²¹ hɐŋ²¹ t͡syːn²²⁻³⁵/

/siː¹³ tʰou̯²¹ hɐŋ²¹ t͡syːn²²⁻³⁵/

/sɨ³¹ tʰu¹¹ haŋ¹¹ t͡sʰon⁵⁵/

/sy²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lu⁵³ hɛiŋ⁵³⁻²¹ tuɔŋ²⁴²/

/ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰu³⁵ ɕiŋ³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵¹/

/siː³³ tʰou̯²¹ hɐŋ²¹ t͡syːn²²⁻³⁵/

/siː¹³ tʰou̯²¹ hɐŋ²¹ t͡syːn²²⁻³⁵/

/sɨ³¹ tʰu¹¹ haŋ¹¹ t͡sʰon⁵⁵/

/sy²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾lu⁵³ hɛiŋ⁵³⁻²¹ tuɔŋ²⁴²/

Acts of the Apostles
Acts of the Apostles


羅馬書

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/lɔː²¹ maː¹³ syː⁵⁵/

/lo¹¹ ma²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/

/l̃o⁵³⁻³³ ma³³ t͡sy⁵⁵/

/lo²⁴⁻²² mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ su³³/

/lo¹³⁻²² mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/lɔː²¹ maː¹³ syː⁵⁵/

/lo¹¹ ma²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/

/l̃o⁵³⁻³³ ma³³ t͡sy⁵⁵/

/lo²⁴⁻²² mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ su³³/

/lo¹³⁻²² mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴/


哥林多

/kɤ⁵⁵ lin³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɐm²¹ tɔː⁵⁵/

/ko³³⁻²³ lim⁵⁵⁻¹¹ to³³/

/kɤ⁵⁵ lin³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɐm²¹ tɔː⁵⁵/

/ko³³⁻²³ lim⁵⁵⁻¹¹ to³³/

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κόρινθος (Kórinthos).


哥林多前書

ㄍㄜ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄕㄨ

ㄍㄜ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄕㄨ

Гэлиньдо Цяньшу

/kɤ⁵⁵ lin³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɐm²¹ tɔː⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːn²¹ syː⁵⁵/

/ko⁵⁵ l̃iŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾no⁵⁵ t͡sieŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sy⁵⁵/

/ko³³⁻²³ lim⁵⁵⁻¹¹ to³³⁻²³ t͡sõĩ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sɯ³³/

/kɤ⁵⁵ lin³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɐm²¹ tɔː⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːn²¹ syː⁵⁵/


哥林多後書

ㄍㄜ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄏㄡˋ ㄕㄨ

ㄍㄜ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄉㄨㄛ ㄏㄡˋ ㄕㄨ

Гэлиньдо Хоушу

/kɤ⁵⁵ lin³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɐm²¹ tɔː⁵⁵ hɐu̯²² syː⁵⁵/

/ko²⁴ lim¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ heu̯⁵⁵ su²⁴/

/ko⁵⁵ l̃iŋ⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾no⁵⁵ hɛu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ t͡sy⁵⁵/

/kɤ⁵⁵ lin³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɐm²¹ tɔː⁵⁵ hɐu̯²² syː⁵⁵/

/ko²⁴ lim¹¹ to²⁴⁻¹¹ heu̯⁵⁵ su²⁴/


加拉太書

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄊㄞˋ ㄕㄨ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄊㄞˋ ㄕㄨ

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³ syː⁵⁵/

/ka²⁴⁻¹¹ la²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ su²⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/

/ka³³ liap̚²⁴⁻² tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ su³³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² liap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³ syː⁵⁵/

/ka²⁴⁻¹¹ la²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵ su²⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/

/ka³³ liap̚²⁴⁻² tʰai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ su³³/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² liap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ tʰai²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴/


加拉太

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³/

/ka²⁴⁻¹¹ la²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai¹¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ tʰaːi̯³³/

/ka²⁴⁻¹¹ la²⁴⁻¹¹ tʰai̯⁵⁵/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai¹¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²¹/

/ka⁴⁴⁻²² liap̚⁴⁻³² tʰai²¹/

Galatia (a historical region of ancient Asia Minor, in what is now central Turkey)

Galatia (a former province of the Roman Empire, existing from 25 BC to the late 7th century AD)


以弗所

/i²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː¹³ fɐt̚⁵ sɔː³⁵/

/i³³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ su³³/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ⁵³/

/i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hut̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁵ sɔ⁵³/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ⁵³/

/i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ⁴¹/

/i²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu³⁵ su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiː¹³ fɐt̚⁵ sɔː³⁵/

/i³³⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾uʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ su³³/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ⁵³/

/i⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hut̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɔ⁵⁵⁴/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁵ sɔ⁵³/

/i⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ⁵³/

/i⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hut̚³²⁻⁴ sɔ⁴¹/

(Protestantism or secular, historical) Ephesus (an ancient Greek city in Anatolia, near Selçuk in modern İzmir Province, Turkey)


腓立比書

ㄈㄟˊ ㄌㄧˋ ㄅㄧˇ ㄕㄨ

ㄈㄟˊ ㄌㄧˋ ㄅㄧˇ ㄕㄨ

/feɪ̯³⁵ li⁵¹ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/fi²⁴⁻¹¹ lip̚⁵ pi³¹ su²⁴/

/pʰi⁵³⁻³³ l̃iʔ⁵⁽⁻²¹⁾ pi³³⁻²¹ t͡sy⁵⁵/

/feɪ̯³⁵ li⁵¹ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/fi²⁴⁻¹¹ lip̚⁵ pi³¹ su²⁴/

/pʰi⁵³⁻³³ l̃iʔ⁵⁽⁻²¹⁾ pi³³⁻²¹ t͡sy⁵⁵/


腓立比

/feɪ̯³⁵ li⁵¹ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fi²⁴⁻¹¹ lip̚⁵ pi³¹/

/feɪ̯³⁵ li⁵¹ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fi²⁴⁻¹¹ lip̚⁵ pi³¹/


歌羅西書

ㄍㄜ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄒㄧ ㄕㄨ

Gŏ̤-lò̤-*să̤ Cṳ̆

ㄍㄜ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄒㄧ ㄕㄨ

/kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵ syː⁵⁵/

/ko²⁴ lo¹¹ si²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/

Gŏ̤-lò̤-*să̤ Cṳ̆

/ko⁵⁵ l̃o⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sɛ⁵⁵ t͡sy⁵⁵/

/kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵ syː⁵⁵/

/ko²⁴ lo¹¹ si²⁴⁻¹¹ su²⁴/

/ko⁵⁵ l̃o⁵³⁻⁵⁵ sɛ⁵⁵ t͡sy⁵⁵/


歌羅西

/kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/


帖撒羅尼迦

ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄙㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄐㄧㄚ

ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄙㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄐㄧㄚ

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ni³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/tʰiːp̚³ saːt̚³ lɔː²¹ nei̯²¹ kaː⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ni³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/tʰiːp̚³ saːt̚³ lɔː²¹ nei̯²¹ kaː⁵⁵/


帖撒羅尼迦前書

ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄙㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄕㄨ

ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄙㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄑㄧㄢˊ ㄕㄨ

Тесалоницзя Цяньшу

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ni³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ʂu⁵⁵/

/tʰiːp̚³ saːt̚³ lɔː²¹ nei̯²¹ kaː⁵⁵ t͡sʰiːn²¹ syː⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ap̚² sat̚² lo¹¹ ni¹¹ ka²⁴ t͡sʰi̯en¹¹ su²⁴/

/tʰɛiʔ²⁴ saʔ²⁴ l̃o⁵³ nˡɛ⁵³ kia⁵⁵ t͡sieŋ⁵³ t͡sy⁵⁵/

/tʰiap̚³²⁻⁴ sat̚³²⁻⁴ lo²⁴⁻²² nĩ²⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɛn²⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/

/tʰiap̚⁵⁻²⁴ sat̚⁵⁻²⁴ lo²⁴⁻²² nĩ²⁴⁻²² ka³³ t͡siɛn²⁴⁻²² su³³/

/tʰiap̚³²⁻⁵ sat̚³²⁻⁵ lo¹³⁻²² nĩ¹³⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² t͡siɛn¹³⁻²² su⁴⁴/

/tʰiap̚³²⁻⁴ sat̚³²⁻⁴ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/

/tʰiap̚³²⁻⁴ sat̚³²⁻⁴ lɤ²³⁻³³ nĩ²³⁻³³ ka⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡siɛn²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/


帖撒羅尼迦後書

ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄙㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄏㄡˋ ㄕㄨ

ㄊㄧㄝˇ ㄙㄚ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄧˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄏㄡˋ ㄕㄨ

Тесалоницзя Хоушу

/tʰi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sä⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ ni³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ xoʊ̯⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/

/tʰiːp̚³ saːt̚³ lɔː²¹ nei̯²¹ kaː⁵⁵ hɐu̯²² syː⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ap̚² sat̚² lo¹¹ ni¹¹ ka²⁴⁻¹¹ heu̯⁵⁵ su²⁴/


佳得樂

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/kaːi̯⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵ lɔːk̚²/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/kaːi̯⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵ lɔːk̚²/

Phono-semantic matching of English Gatorade.


七喜

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ hei̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰit̚⁵⁻²⁴ hi⁵⁵⁴/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ ɕi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰɐt̚⁵ hei̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰit̚⁵⁻²⁴ hi⁵⁵⁴/

Originally Cantonese 七起 (cat¹ hei²), a calque of English 7 Up. 起 (hei², “up; to rise”) was replaced with the homophonous 喜 (hei², “happiness; joy”).


美年達

ㄇㄟˇ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄉㄚˊ

ㄇㄟˇ ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄉㄚˊ

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵ tä³⁵/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ni̯ɛn³⁵ tä³⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of English Mirinda.


芬達

/fən⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/fən⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of English Fanta.


阿華田

/ˀä⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ɔː⁵⁵ waː²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵ tʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/ɔː⁵⁵ waː²¹ tʰiːn²¹/

Borrowed from English Ovaltine, via Cantonese.


安的列斯

ㄢ ㄉㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄙ

ㄢ ㄉㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄙ

/ˀän⁵⁵ ti³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ti³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

～群島 安的列斯群島#Chinese


安的列斯群島

ㄢ ㄉㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄙ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄢ ㄉㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄙ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

Аньдилесы Цюньдао

/ˀän⁵⁵ ti³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


大安的列斯群島

ㄉㄚˋ ㄢ ㄉㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄙ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄢ ㄉㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄙ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

Да Аньдилесы Цюньдао

/tä⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵ ti³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


小安的列斯群島

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄢ ㄉㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄙ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄒㄧㄠˇ ㄢ ㄉㄧˊ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄙ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

Сяо Аньдилесы Цюньдао

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵ ti³⁵ li̯ɛ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


背風群島

ㄅㄟˋ ㄈㄥ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄅㄟˋ ㄈㄥ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

Бэйфэн Цюньдао

/peɪ̯⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


向風群島

ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄈㄥ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄒㄧㄤˋ ㄈㄥ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

Сянфэн Цюньдао

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


尤卡坦半島

ㄧㄡˊ ㄎㄚˇ ㄊㄢˇ ㄅㄢˋ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄧㄡˊ ㄎㄚˇ ㄊㄢˇ ㄅㄢˋ ㄉㄠˇ

Юкатань Баньдао

/joʊ̯³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tʰän²¹⁴⁻²¹ pän⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


孟加拉灣

ㄇㄥˋ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄨㄢ

ㄇㄥˋ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄨㄢ

Мэнцзяла Вань

/mɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/maːŋ²² kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

/mɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/maːŋ²² kaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/


布拉馬普特拉河

Bùlāmǎpǔtèlā Hé

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄇㄚˇ ㄆㄨˇ ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄇㄚˇ ㄆㄨˇ ㄊㄜˋ ㄌㄚ ㄏㄜˊ

Буламапутэла Хэ

/pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/


伊洛瓦底江

ㄧ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄨㄚˇ ㄉㄧˇ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄧ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄨㄚˇ ㄉㄧˇ ㄐㄧㄤ

Иловади Цзян

/i⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ wä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ti²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ lɔːk̚² ŋaː¹³ tɐi̯³⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/jiː⁵⁵ lɔːk̚² ŋaː¹³ tɐi̯³⁵ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/


查亞峰

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ jä⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ jä⁵¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/


阿空加瓜山

ㄚ ㄎㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄍㄨㄚ ㄕㄢ

ㄚ ㄎㄨㄥ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄍㄨㄚ ㄕㄢ

Акунцзягуа Шань

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ku̯ä⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ku̯ä⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/


文森山

Вэньсэнь Шань

Vɛnʹsɛnʹ Šanʹ

/wən³⁵ sən⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/wən³⁵ sən⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/


迪納利

/ti³⁵ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/ti³⁵ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/


厄爾布魯士山

ㄜˋ ㄦˇ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄕˋ ㄕㄢ

ㄜˋ ㄦˇ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄕˋ ㄕㄢ

Ээрбулуши Шань

/ˀɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/


勃朗峰

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ lɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ lɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/


嚈噠

From Bactrian Ηβοδαλο (Ēbodalo, “Hephthalites”).


大宛

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn⁵⁵/

/tä⁵¹ ɥɛn⁵⁵/

Pulleyblank (1966, pp. 22, 27) notices that the "old" suggestion based on the name of Greeks – cf. Ancient Greek Ἴων (Íōn, “Ionian”), Sanskrit यवन (yavana) – had been unsatisfactory, an observation also acknowledged by Yu (1998, p. 68); see references therein. Possible Indo-Iranian origin and cognacy with the Ancient Greek word-forms Τόχαροι (Tókharoi) or Τάχοροι (Tákhoroi) have been suggested; see etymologies thereof.

(historical) Dayuan (an ancient country in Central Asia)


奄蔡

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

Schuessler (2009) reconstructs Later Han Chinese pronunciation *ʔɨamᴮ-sɑ^C and compares this to Latin transcription Abzoae found in Pliny the Elder's Natural History VI, 38; Abzoae has been compared to 闔蘇 (OC *ĥa̱p-sa̱ĥ) (Hulsewé, 1979), another name of 奄蔡, according to Yan Shigu (Yu, 1998).

Alans (Iranian nomadic pastoral people of antiquity)


華容道

ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄖㄨㄥˊ ㄉㄠˋ

ㄏㄨㄚˊ ㄖㄨㄥˊ ㄉㄠˋ

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/waː²¹ jʊŋ²¹ tou̯²²/

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/waː²¹ jʊŋ²¹ tou̯²²/

(historical) Huarongdao (a place in Hubei, China)


華容

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/waː²¹ jʊŋ²¹/

/hua⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ioŋ⁵⁵/

/xu̯ä³⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵/

/waː²¹ jʊŋ²¹/

/hua⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ioŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Huarong (a county of Yueyang, Hunan, China)

(～區) Huarong (a district of Ezhou, Hubei, China)

(～鎮) Huarong (a town in Huarong district, Ezhou, Hubei, China)


姮娥

/xɤŋ³⁵ ˀɤ³⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ ŋɔː²¹/

/xɤŋ³⁵ ˀɤ³⁵/

/hɐŋ²¹ ŋɔː²¹/

Originally written as 恆娥／恒娥; 恆／恒 (héng) probably means "partial moon".


淮南子

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ nän³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/waːi̯²¹ naːm²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ nän³⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/waːi̯²¹ naːm²¹ t͡siː³⁵/

From its origin among the scholars (then respectfully titled 子) at the court of Liu An, prince of Huainan, in the 2nd century bc.

(literature) The Huainanzi or Writings of the Masters South of the Huai River.


二郎神

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ lɑŋ³⁵ ʂən³⁵/

/jiː²² lɔːŋ²¹ sɐn²¹/

/d͡zi³⁵⁻¹¹ nɯŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ lɑŋ³⁵ ʂən³⁵/

/jiː²² lɔːŋ²¹ sɐn²¹/

/d͡zi³⁵⁻¹¹ nɯŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ siŋ⁵⁵/


縱橫家

ㄗㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄚ

/t͡sʊŋ⁵¹ xɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ xɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ waːŋ²¹ kaː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ka³³/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ¹³⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ hiɪŋ²³⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵¹ xɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ xɤŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ waːŋ²¹ kaː⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² ka³³/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ¹³⁻²² ka⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ hiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ ka⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɔŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ hiɪŋ²³⁻³³ ka⁴⁴/


尼布楚

/ni³⁵ pu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nei̯²¹ pou̯³³ t͡sʰɔː³⁵/

/ni³⁵ pu⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nei̯²¹ pou̯³³ t͡sʰɔː³⁵/

Transliteration of Manchu ᠨᡳᠪᠴᡠ (nibcu), variant of ᠨᡳᠪᠴᠣᠣ (nibcoo). From a local Mongolic or Tungusic language. Compare also Khamnigan Mongol [Term?], Buryat Нэршүү (Neršüü), Mongolian Нэрчүү (Nerčüü); Russian Не́рча f inan (Nérča).

Nerchinsky District
Nerchinsky District#English

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai#English

Nerchinsk (a town, the administrative center of the Nerchinsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia)

(～河) Nercha River (a river in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia)


涅爾琴斯克

ㄋㄧㄝˋ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄋㄧㄝˋ ㄦˇ ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

Неэрциньсыкэ

/ni̯ɛ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰin³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/ni̯ɛ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰin³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

Transliteration of Russian Не́рчинск m inan sg (Nérčinsk).

translit

Nerchinsk (a city, the administrative center of the Nerchinsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia)


辛德勒

/ɕin⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/ɕin⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/


匹諾曹

ㄆㄧˇ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄘㄠˊ

ㄆㄧˇ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄘㄠˊ

/pʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/


皮諾曹

ㄆㄧˊ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄘㄠˊ

ㄆㄧˊ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄘㄠˊ

/pʰi³⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pʰei̯²¹ nɔːk̚² t͡sʰou̯²¹/

/pʰi³⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ t͡sʰɑʊ̯³⁵/

/pʰei̯²¹ nɔːk̚² t͡sʰou̯²¹/


/jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/i⁵⁵ i⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵ jɐt̚⁵ lɪŋ²¹/

/jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/i⁵⁵ i⁵⁵ liŋ³⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵ jɐt̚⁵ lɪŋ²¹/

telephone number
telephone number#English

the telephone number for law enforcement in China and on Taiwan


/jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/i⁵⁵ i⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐt̚⁵ jɐt̚⁵ kɐu̯³⁵/

/jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/i⁵⁵ i⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jɐt̚⁵ jɐt̚⁵ kɐu̯³⁵/

119 (緊急電話冧巴) /119 (紧急电话冧巴) on the Cantonese Wikipedia.Wikipedia ᶻʰ⁻ʸᵘᵉ

pedia

119 (緊急電話冧巴)

(People's Republic of China, Republic of China) 119: in mainland China (“People's Republic of China”) and Taiwan (“Republic of China”) the emergency telephone number for firefighting

People's Republic of China; Republic of China; People's Republic of China; Republic of China


/jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹ liŋ³⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵ jiː²² lɪŋ²¹/

/jɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ⁵¹ liŋ³⁵/

/jɐt̚⁵ jiː²² lɪŋ²¹/

in mainland China, the telephone number for first aid


檮杌

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ u⁵¹/

/tʰou̯²¹ ŋɐt̚²/

/tʰɑʊ̯³⁵ u⁵¹/

/tʰou̯²¹ ŋɐt̚²/

Mencius said, "The traces of sovereign rule were extinguished, and the royal odes ceased to be made. When those odes ceased to be made, then the Chun Qiu was produced. The Sheng of Jin, the Tao Wu of Chu, and the Chun Qiu of Lu were books of the same character."

Mencius, c. 4ᵗʰ century BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

Mèngzǐ yuē: “Wángzhě zhī jì xī ér “Shī” wáng, “Shī” wáng ránhòu “Chūnqiū” zuò. Jìn zhī “Shèng”, Chǔ zhī “Táowù”, Lǔ zhī “Chūnqiū”, yī yě.”

孟子曰：「王者之迹熄而《詩》亡，《詩》亡然後《春秋》作。晉之《乘》，楚之《檮杌》，魯之《春秋》，一也。」

孟子曰：「王者之迹熄而《诗》亡，《诗》亡然后《春秋》作。晋之《乘》，楚之《梼杌》，鲁之《春秋》，一也。」

Taowu (a compilation of historical annals of Chu, now lost)


周公

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵/

91 C.E., 司馬遷 [Sima Qian], 史記 [Records of the Grand Historian]:

c. 475 - 221 BCE, Disciples of Confucius, “述而 [Shu Er]”, in 論語 [The Analects of Confucius]:

A teacher dozed off in broad daylight; when he woke up, he said untruthfully: "I was dreaming of the Duke of Zhou." The next day, his pupil did so too; the teacher struck him with a ferule and woke him up. The teacher asked: "How could you do this?" The pupil answered: "I was also dreaming of the Duke of Zhou." The teacher asked: "What did the Duke of Zhou say?". The pupil answered: "The Duke of Zhou said he did not see you, venerable teacher, ever once yesterday."

馮夢龍 (Feng Menglong),《笑府》(Treasury of Laughs), late Ming dynasty.

Yī shī zhòuqǐn, jí xǐng, miùyán yuē: “Wǒ nǎi mèng Zhōugōng yě.” Míngzhòu, qí tú xiào zhī. Shī yǐ jièfāng jī xǐng, yuē: “Rǔ hé dé rúcǐ?” Tú yuē: “Yì wǎng jiàn Zhōugōng ěr.” Shī yuē: “Zhōugōng hé yǔ?” Dáyuē: “Zhōugōng shuō zuórì bìng bù céng huì zūnshī.”

一師晝寢，及醒，謬言曰：「我乃夢周公也。」明晝，其徒效之。師以界方擊醒，曰：「汝何得如此？」徒曰：「亦往見周公耳。」師曰：「周公何語？」答曰：「周公說昨日並不曾會尊師。」

一师昼寝，及醒，谬言曰：「我乃梦周公也。」明昼，其徒效之。师以界方击醒，曰：「汝何得如此？」徒曰：「亦往见周公耳。」师曰：「周公何语？」答曰：「周公说昨日并不曾会尊师。」


太白星

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ paɪ̯³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ paːk̚² sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ piɪk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ piɪk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ paɪ̯³⁵ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰaːi̯³³ paːk̚² sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰai²¹⁻⁴¹ piɪk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰẽ⁴⁴/

/tʰai¹¹⁻⁵³ piɪk̚⁴⁻³² t͡sʰĩ⁴⁴/


德雷克海峽

ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄟˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄟˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

Дэлэйкэ Хайся

/tɤ³⁵ leɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/tɤ³⁵ leɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵/


麥哲倫海峽

ㄇㄞˋ ㄓㄜˊ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

ㄇㄞˋ ㄓㄜˊ ㄌㄨㄣˊ ㄏㄞˇ ㄒㄧㄚˊ

Майчжэлунь Хайся

/maɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵ lu̯ən³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/mɐk̚² t͡siːt̚³ lɵn²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵ haːp̚²/

/mɐk̚² t͡siːt̚³ lɵn²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵ haːp̚²/


麥哲倫

ㄇㄞˋ ㄓㄜˊ ㄌㄨㄣˊ

ㄇㄞˋ ㄓㄜˊ ㄌㄨㄣˊ

/maɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵ lu̯ən³⁵/

/mɐk̚² t͡siːt̚³ lɵn²¹/

/maɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵ lu̯ən³⁵/

/mɐk̚² t͡siːt̚³ lɵn²¹/


美斯樂

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/mei̯¹³ siː⁵⁵ lɔːk̚²/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/mei̯¹³ siː⁵⁵ lɔːk̚²/

Phono-semantic matching of Thai แม่สลอง.

Mae Salong, Santikhiri (a village in Mae Fa Luang district, Chiang Rai Province, Thailand)


獨龍江

ㄉㄨˊ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄉㄨˊ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄤ

/tu³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊk̚² lʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/tu³⁵ lʊŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/tʊk̚² lʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/


恩梅開江

ㄣ ㄇㄟˊ ㄎㄞ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄣ ㄇㄟˊ ㄎㄞ ㄐㄧㄤ

Эньмэйкай Цзян

/ˀən⁵⁵ meɪ̯³⁵ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀən⁵⁵ meɪ̯³⁵ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/


邁立開江

ㄇㄞˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄎㄞ ㄐㄧㄤ

ㄇㄞˋ ㄌㄧˋ ㄎㄞ ㄐㄧㄤ

Майликай Цзян

/maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹ kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/


野人山

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/jɛː¹³ jɐn²¹ sɐn⁵⁵/

/jɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐən³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/jɛː¹³ jɐn²¹ sɐn⁵⁵/


橫斷山脈

ㄏㄥˊ ㄉㄨㄢˋ ㄕㄢ ㄇㄞˋ

ㄏㄥˊ ㄉㄨㄢˋ ㄕㄢ ㄇㄞˋ

Хэндуань Шаньмай

/xɤŋ³⁵ tu̯än⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ maɪ̯⁵¹/

/waːŋ²¹ tyːn²² saːn⁵⁵ mɐk̚²/

/xɤŋ³⁵ tu̯än⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵ maɪ̯⁵¹/

/waːŋ²¹ tyːn²² saːn⁵⁵ mɐk̚²/


邛崍山

/t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/


歐亞板塊

ㄡ ㄧㄚˋ ㄅㄢˇ ㄎㄨㄞˋ

ㄡ ㄧㄚˇ ㄅㄢˇ ㄎㄨㄞˋ

Оуя Банькуай

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

ㄡ ㄧㄚˋ ㄅㄢˇ ㄎㄨㄞˋㄦ

оуябанькуайр

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵¹ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯ɑɻ⁵¹/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pän²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/


湖廣

→ Manchu: ᡥᡡᡤᡠᠸᠠᠩ (hūguwang)

/xu³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wuː²¹ kʷɔːŋ³⁵/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ kŋ̍⁵³/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ kŋ̍⁴¹/

/xu³⁵ ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wuː²¹ kʷɔːŋ³⁵/

/ɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ kŋ̍⁵³/

/ɔ²³⁻³³ kŋ̍⁴¹/

湖廣填四川／湖广填四川

the mass migration of peasants from Huguang to Sichuan province (1659~1795)


浸信會

ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄒㄧㄣˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄒㄧㄣˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

Цзиньсиньхуэй

/t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sɐm³³ sɵn³³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/tim³³ ɬin³³ vᵘɔi³²⁻³²⁵/

/t͡sim²¹⁻⁵³ sin²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/

/t͡sim⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hue⁴¹/

/t͡sim²¹⁻⁵³ sin²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/

/t͡sim¹¹⁻⁵³ sin¹¹⁻⁵³ hue³³/

/t͡sim²¹⁻⁴¹ sin²¹⁻⁴¹ hue³³/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sɐm³³ sɵn³³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/

/tim³³ ɬin³³ vᵘɔi³²⁻³²⁵/

/t͡sim²¹⁻⁵³ sin²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/

/t͡sim⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sin⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hue⁴¹/

/t͡sim²¹⁻⁵³ sin²¹⁻⁵³ hue²²/

/t͡sim¹¹⁻⁵³ sin¹¹⁻⁵³ hue³³/

/t͡sim²¹⁻⁴¹ sin²¹⁻⁴¹ hue³³/


沿江

/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

As a Zhejiang village and port area, in reference to its position on the south bank of the Ao (鰲江/鳌江).

(～村) Yanjiang (a village in Zhicheng, Yidu, Yichang, Hubei, China)

(～村) Yanjiang (a former village in Zhejiang, China), now part of Longgang (龍港/龙港)

(～港區) Yanjiang (a former port area in Zhejiang, China), now part of Longgang (龍港/龙港)


裡日本

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

the part of Japan adjacent to the Sea of Japan


表日本

/pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐ̩⁵¹ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

the part of Japan adjacent to the Pacific Ocean and Seto Inland Sea


瀨戶內海

ㄌㄞˋ ㄏㄨˋ ㄋㄟˋ ㄏㄞˇ

ㄌㄞˋ ㄏㄨˋ ㄋㄟˋ ㄏㄞˇ

Лайху Нэйхай

/laɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/laːi̯²² wuː²² nɔːi̯²² hɔːi̯³⁵/

/laːi̯²² wuː²² nɔːi̯²² hɔːi̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 瀬戸内海 (Seto Naikai).

obor

the Seto Inland Sea or Inland Sea (a sea that separates the islands of Honshu, Kyushu and Shikoku, Japan)


山達基

/ʂän⁵⁵ tä³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/ʂän⁵⁵ tä³⁵ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/


巴爾幹

/pä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kän⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ jiː¹³ kɔːn³³/

/pä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kän⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ jiː¹³ kɔːn³³/

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina

the Balkans (a cultural region and peninsula in Southeast Europe, roughly equivalent to the area covered by Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Kosovo, North Macedonia, Montenegro and Serbia, sometimes including Romania, Slovenia, and European Turkey)


塞爾維亞和黑山

ㄙㄞˋ ㄦˇ ㄨㄟˊ ㄧㄚˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄏㄟ ㄕㄢ

ㄙㄞˋ ㄦˇ ㄨㄟˊ ㄧㄚˇ ㄏㄜˊ ㄏㄟ ㄕㄢ

Сайэрвэйя Хэ Хэйшань

/saɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯³⁵ jä⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/saɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ xeɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro#English:_Q37024

Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

(historical) Serbia and Montenegro (a former country in Southeast Europe on the Balkan Peninsula, existing from 1992 to 2006, previously part of Yugoslavia; composed of modern Serbia and Montenegro and known until 2003 as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia)


塞爾維亞與蒙特內哥羅

ㄙㄞˋ ㄦˇ ㄨㄟˊ ㄧㄚˋ ㄩˇ ㄇㄥˊ ㄊㄜˋ ㄋㄟˋ ㄍㄜ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄙㄞˋ ㄦˇ ㄨㄟˊ ㄧㄚˇ ㄩˇ ㄇㄥˊ ㄊㄜˋ ㄋㄟˋ ㄍㄜ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

Сайэрвэйя Юй Мэнтэнэйгэло

/saɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯³⁵ jä⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ mɤŋ³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹ kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/saɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ mɤŋ³⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ neɪ̯⁵¹ kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro


塞黑

/saɪ̯⁵¹ xeɪ̯⁵⁵/

/saɪ̯⁵¹ xeɪ̯⁵⁵/

塞爾維亞和黑山 塞爾維亞和黑山#Chinese

塞尔维亚和黑山 塞尔维亚和黑山#Chinese

short for 塞爾維亞和黑山／塞尔维亚和黑山 (Sài'ěrwéiyà Hé Hēishān)