臺海

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ hɔːi̯³⁵/

臺灣海峽 臺灣海峽#Chinese

台湾海峡 台湾海峡#Chinese

Alternative name for 臺灣海峽／台湾海峡 (Táiwān Hǎixiá): Taiwan Strait


寮國

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/liau²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/

/liau²³⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/liau²³⁻²¹ kɔk̚³/

/li̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/liːu̯²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/liau²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/

/liau²³⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/liau²³⁻²¹ kɔk̚³/

(Taiwan, dated in Mainland China, Malaysia, Singapore) Laos (a country in Southeast Asia)


東南亞

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ nän³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ nän³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ naːm²¹ aː³³/

/tyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^((Ø-))ŋa³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lam²⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³ lam²⁴⁻²² a³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lam¹³⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²⁴⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²³⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ nän³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ nän³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ naːm²¹ aː³³/

/tyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ^((Ø-))ŋa³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lam²⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/taŋ³³ lam²⁴⁻²² a³³/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² lam¹³⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²⁴⁻¹¹ a⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ lam²³⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia#English:_Q11708

Southeast Asia (a geographic region of Asia, comprising the territories of Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar (Burma), the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam)


上海灘

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰän⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²² hɔːi̯³⁵ tʰaːn⁵⁵/

/zɑ̃²² he⁵⁵ tʰe²¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰän⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²² hɔːi̯³⁵ tʰaːn⁵⁵/

/zɑ̃²² he⁵⁵ tʰe²¹/


外灘

/waɪ̯⁵¹ tʰän⁵⁵/

/ŋɔːi̯²² tʰaːn⁵⁵/

/ɡua²²⁻²¹ tʰuã⁴⁴/

/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² tʰuã³³/

/ɡua²²⁻²¹ tʰuã⁴⁴/

/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ tʰuã⁴⁴/

/ɡua³³⁻²¹ tʰuã⁴⁴/

/ŋa²² tʰe⁴⁴/

/waɪ̯⁵¹ tʰän⁵⁵/

/ŋɔːi̯²² tʰaːn⁵⁵/

/ɡua²²⁻²¹ tʰuã⁴⁴/

/ɡua⁴¹⁻²² tʰuã³³/

/ɡua²²⁻²¹ tʰuã⁴⁴/

/ɡua³³⁻¹¹ tʰuã⁴⁴/

/ɡua³³⁻²¹ tʰuã⁴⁴/

/ŋa²² tʰe⁴⁴/

先生，外灘辣啥地方？

先生，外滩辣啥地方？


沙俄

/saː⁵⁵ ŋɔː²¹/

/saː⁵⁵ ŋɔː²¹/

Short for 沙皇俄國／沙皇俄国.

zh-etym-short

Short for 沙皇俄國／沙皇俄国


臺灣話

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ wän⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ waːn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

/tʰoi̯¹¹ van²⁴⁻¹¹ fa⁵⁵/

/tai²⁴⁻²² uan²⁴⁻²² ue⁴¹/

/tai²³⁻³³ uan²³⁻³³ ue³³/

/tai²⁴⁻²² uan²⁴⁻²² ue²²/

/tai²⁴⁻¹¹ uan²⁴⁻¹¹ ue³³/

/tai¹³⁻²² uan¹³⁻²² ua²²/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ wän⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ waːn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

/tʰoi̯¹¹ van²⁴⁻¹¹ fa⁵⁵/

/tai²⁴⁻²² uan²⁴⁻²² ue⁴¹/

/tai²³⁻³³ uan²³⁻³³ ue³³/

/tai²⁴⁻²² uan²⁴⁻²² ue²²/

/tai²⁴⁻¹¹ uan²⁴⁻¹¹ ue³³/

/tai¹³⁻²² uan¹³⁻²² ua²²/

GT

General TaiwaneseMD - General Eastern Min

Taiwanese; Taiwanese Hokkien (variety of Min Nan spoken in Taiwan)

(rare) any language commonly spoken in Taiwan (including Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka and Formosan languages)


德比

/tɤ³⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɤ³⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


亞歐

/jä⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jä⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Eurasia (a supercontinent consisting of Europe and Asia)


歐亞

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɐu̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɐu̯⁵⁵ aː³³/


印歐語系

ㄧㄣˋ ㄡ ㄩˇ ㄒㄧˋ

ㄧㄣˋ ㄡ ㄩˇ ㄒㄧˋ

/in⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵¹/

/jɐn³³ ɐu̯⁵⁵ jyː¹³ hɐi̯²²/

/in⁵⁵ eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴⁻¹¹ ne⁵⁵/

/(j)in⁵⁵ eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴⁻¹¹ ne⁵⁵/

/in²¹⁻⁴¹ au⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ he³³/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ au⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ he³³/

/in¹¹⁻⁵³ au⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ he³³/

/in¹²⁻⁴⁴ au⁴⁴⁻²² ɡɯ⁵³⁻²⁴ he²²/

/in⁵¹ ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵¹/

/jɐn³³ ɐu̯⁵⁵ jyː¹³ hɐi̯²²/

/in⁵⁵ eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴⁻¹¹ ne⁵⁵/

/(j)in⁵⁵ eu̯²⁴⁻¹¹ ŋi²⁴⁻¹¹ ne⁵⁵/

/in²¹⁻⁴¹ au⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ he³³/

/in²¹⁻⁵³ au⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡu⁵³⁻⁵⁵ he³³/

/in¹¹⁻⁵³ au⁴⁴⁻³³ ɡu⁵³⁻⁴⁴ he³³/

/in¹²⁻⁴⁴ au⁴⁴⁻²² ɡɯ⁵³⁻²⁴ he²²/


情人節

ㄑㄧㄥˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

ㄑㄧㄥˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

/t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ jɐn²¹ t͡siːt̚³/

/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² lin²⁴⁻²² t͡siɛt̚⁵/

/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² lin²⁴⁻²² t͡siɛt̚³²/

/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lin²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siɛt̚³²/

/t͡siɪŋ²³⁻³³ zin²³⁻³³ t͡siɛt̚³²/

/t͡siɪŋ¹³⁻²² d͡zin¹³⁻²² t͡siɛt̚³²/

/t͡sʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡soiʔ²/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵ ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ jɐn²¹ t͡siːt̚³/

/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² lin²⁴⁻²² t͡siɛt̚⁵/

/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻²² lin²⁴⁻²² t͡siɛt̚³²/

/t͡siɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ lin²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡siɛt̚³²/

/t͡siɪŋ²³⁻³³ zin²³⁻³³ t͡siɛt̚³²/

/t͡siɪŋ¹³⁻²² d͡zin¹³⁻²² t͡siɛt̚³²/

/t͡sʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ d͡ziŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡soiʔ²/

2020, “望天傳呼他”, 李學宸 (lyrics)performed by 陳隨意:

On Valentine's Day in the spring, there was absolutely no news of you

chhun-thiⁿ chêng-jîn-chiat àm-mî oân-choân bô lí ê siau-sit

春天情人節暗暝完全無你的消息

春天情人节暗暝完全无你的消息


光棍節

→ English: Singles' Day (calque)

ㄍㄨㄤ ㄍㄨㄣˋ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

ㄍㄨㄤ ㄍㄨㄣˋ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ən⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

ㄍㄨㄤ ㄍㄨㄣˋㄦ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

гуангуньрцзе

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯əɻ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɐn³³ t͡siːt̚³/

/kuɑ̃⁵⁵ kuən³³ t͡ɕiɪʔ²¹/

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ən⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/ku̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯əɻ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/kʷɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɐn³³ t͡siːt̚³/

/kuɑ̃⁵⁵ kuən³³ t͡ɕiɪʔ²¹/

From being a day for single people who are not in a relationship. From slang for a bachelor without familial branches being a bare stick, and the set of ones in the date of 11/11 being a set of sticks, a set of singles. Originating at the University of Nanjing in the 1990s as Bachelors' Day, and popularized as a shopping event day by Alibaba in the 2000s.

Right as the journalist thought that this year's Singles' Day is the same as last year's, that not many people would go get married at the registry, there were gradually more newlyweds-to-be coming to line up [at the registry].

2015 November 11, 张颖川, “光棍节”新人扎堆“脱光”, in 《法制晚报》

Jiù zài jìzhě yǐwèi jīnnián guānggùnjié yǔ qùnián yīyàng, méiyǒu duōshào rén dēngjì jiéhūn de shíhòu, qiánlái páiduì de xīnrén kāishǐ zhújiàn zēngduō.

就在記者以為今年光棍節與去年一樣，沒有多少人登記結婚的時候，前來排隊的新人開始逐漸增多。

就在记者以为今年光棍节与去年一样，没有多少人登记结婚的时候，前来排队的新人开始逐渐增多。

Singles' Day, celebrated annually on the 11th of November


聖座

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ t͡sɔː²²/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ t͡sɔː²²/


鹽水

→ English: Yanshuei, Yanshui, Yenshui

/jɛn³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iæ̃²⁴ fi⁵¹/

/jiːm²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/iam²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/hi²² sz̩ʷ⁵¹/

/jɛn³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iæ̃²⁴ fi⁵¹/

/jiːm²¹ sɵy̯³⁵/

/iam²⁴⁻²² t͡sui⁵⁵⁴/

/hi²² sz̩ʷ⁵¹/

/jɛn³⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

There have also been separate sightings of Formosan ring-necked pheasants perching in Beipu Borough in Jiangjun District and in Fandian Borough in the city’s Yanshuei District.

7 November 2017, Formosan ring-necked pheasants spotted in Tainan 西港金砂里 出現二十多隻台灣環頸雉, Taipei Times, 楊金城, EDWARD JONES, trans.

Cǐwài, Jiāngjūn Qū Běipǔ Lǐ, Yánshuǐ Qū Fàndiàn Lǐ yě yǒu Táiwān Huánjǐngzhì qīxí.

此外，將軍區北埔里、鹽水區飯店里也有台灣環頸雉棲息。

此外，将军区北埔里、盐水区饭店里也有台湾环颈雉栖息。

(～區) Yanshuei, Yanshui (a district of Tainan, Taiwan)


濱海

/pin⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɐn⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/piŋ³³⁻²³ hai⁵²/

/pin⁵⁵ xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pɐn⁵⁵ hɔːi̯³⁵/

/piŋ³³⁻²³ hai⁵²/

(～新區) Binhai (a subprovincial district and state-level new area in Tianjin, China)


道家

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/to²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/

/tɑʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/to²²⁻²¹ ka⁴⁴/


孟姜女

/mɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/məŋ⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɑŋ²⁴ ny⁵¹/

/maːŋ²² kœːŋ⁵⁵ nɵy̯¹³/

/meŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ kiaŋ³³⁻²³ nɯŋ⁵²/

/mɤŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ ny²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/məŋ⁴⁴ t͡ɕiɑŋ²⁴ ny⁵¹/

/maːŋ²² kœːŋ⁵⁵ nɵy̯¹³/

/meŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ kiaŋ³³⁻²³ nɯŋ⁵²/


馬祖列島

ㄇㄚˇ ㄗㄨˇ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄇㄚˇ ㄗㄨˇ ㄌㄧㄝˋ ㄉㄠˇ

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯ɛ⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tɤ⁴¹/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ t͡sɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ liɛt̚⁴⁻³² tɤ⁴¹/


烏蘭察布

ㄨ ㄌㄢˊ ㄔㄚˊ ㄅㄨˋ

ㄨ ㄌㄢˊ ㄔㄚˊ ㄅㄨˋ

/u⁵⁵ län³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/wuː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ t͡sʰaːt̚³ pou̯³³/

/u⁵⁵ län³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/wuː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ t͡sʰaːt̚³ pou̯³³/

(～市) Ulanqab (a prefecture-level city of the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, China)


渭城

/weɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/weɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～區) Weicheng (a district of Xianyang, Shaanxi, China)


諸子百家

ㄓㄨ ㄗˇ ㄅㄞˇ ㄐㄧㄚ

ㄓㄨ ㄗˇ ㄅㄞˇ ㄐㄧㄚ

Чжуцзы Байцзя

/ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻³⁵ paɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵ paːk̚³ kaː⁵⁵/

/t͡syː⁵⁵ t͡siː³⁵ paːk̚³ kaː⁵⁵/


汴城

/pi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/pi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/


汴梁

/pi̯ɛn⁵¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/

/pi̯ɛn⁵¹ li̯ɑŋ³⁵/


牛郎

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ lɑŋ³⁵/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ lɔːŋ²¹/

/n̠ʲiu³⁵ lɔŋ³⁵/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² nŋ̍¹³/

/ɡu¹³⁻¹¹ nŋ̍¹³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ nŋ̍²⁴/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ nŋ̍²³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² nŋ̍²⁴/

/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ lɑŋ³⁵/

/ŋɐu̯²¹ lɔːŋ²¹/

/n̠ʲiu³⁵ lɔŋ³⁵/

/ɡu¹³⁻²² nŋ̍¹³/

/ɡu¹³⁻¹¹ nŋ̍¹³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ nŋ̍²⁴/

/ɡu²³⁻³³ nŋ̍²³/

/ɡu²⁴⁻²² nŋ̍²⁴/

Niu Lang, the lowly cowherd in Chinese mythology; see The Cowherd and the Weaver Girl


花旗銀行

ㄏㄨㄚ ㄑㄧˊ ㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄤˊ

ㄏㄨㄚ ㄑㄧˊ ㄧㄣˊ ㄏㄤˊ

Хуаци Иньхан

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ in³⁵ xɑŋ³⁵/

/faː⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹ ŋɐn²¹ hɔːŋ²¹/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ in³⁵ xɑŋ³⁵/

/faː⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹ ŋɐn²¹ hɔːŋ²¹/


撒哈拉

/sä⁵⁵ xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/sä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/saːt̚³ haː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/sä⁵⁵ xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/sä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/saːt̚³ haː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

～沙漠 撒哈拉沙漠#Chinese


臉譜

/li̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰuɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻³⁵ pʰuɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


羅省

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɔː²¹ saːŋ³⁵/

/lᵘɔ²² saŋ⁵⁵/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ʂɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɔː²¹ saːŋ³⁵/

/lᵘɔ²² saŋ⁵⁵/

Phono-semantic matching of English Los Angeles.
Compare Japanese 羅府 (Rafu, “Los Angeles”) and Korean 나성(羅城) (Naseong, “Los Angeles”).

zh-l

羅省技利／罗省技利 (Luóshěngjìlì)

(dated or dialectal) Los Angeles (a large city in California, United States)


疆獨

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tu³⁵/

/kœːŋ⁵⁵ tʊk̚²/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ tu³⁵/

/kœːŋ⁵⁵ tʊk̚²/

Short for 新疆獨立運動／新疆独立运动 (Xīnjiāng dúlì yùndòng).


藏獨

/t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ tu³⁵/

/t͡sɔːŋ²² tʊk̚²/

/t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ tu³⁵/

/t͡sɔːŋ²² tʊk̚²/

Short for 西藏獨立運動／西藏独立运动 (Xīzàng dúlì yùndòng).


臺獨

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ tu³⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ tʊk̚²/

/tai²⁴⁻²² tɔk̚⁴/

/tai²⁴⁻²² tɔk̚²⁴/

/tai¹³⁻²² tɔk̚¹²¹/

/tai²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔk̚⁴/

/tai²³⁻³³ tɔk̚⁴/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ tu³⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ tʊk̚²/

/tai²⁴⁻²² tɔk̚⁴/

/tai²⁴⁻²² tɔk̚²⁴/

/tai¹³⁻²² tɔk̚¹²¹/

/tai²⁴⁻¹¹ tɔk̚⁴/

/tai²³⁻³³ tɔk̚⁴/

Short for 臺灣獨立運動／台湾独立运动 (Táiwān dúlì yùndòng).


建國

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/kiːn³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/kyoŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/kiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɔk̚⁵/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/kiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ kɔk̚³²/

/kieŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ kok̚²/

/t͡ɕi³³ koʔ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/kiːn³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/kyoŋ²¹³⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/kiɛn⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kɔk̚⁵/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/kiɛn¹¹⁻⁵³ kɔk̚³²/

/kiɛn²¹⁻⁴¹ kɔk̚³²/

/kieŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ kok̚²/

/t͡ɕi³³ koʔ⁴⁴/

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

(chiefly Mainland China) the foundation of the People's Republic of China in 1949

(neologism, slang, humorous) short for 川建國／川建国 (Chuān Jiànguó, “Donald Trump”)


達爾富爾

ㄉㄚˊ ㄦˇ ㄈㄨˋ ㄦˇ

ㄉㄚˊ ㄦˇ ㄈㄨˋ ㄦˇ

/tä³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² jiː¹³ fuː³³ jiː¹³/

/tä³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ fu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² jiː¹³ fuː³³ jiː¹³/


達佛

/tä³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/

/tä³⁵ fu̯ɔ³⁵/


阿克蘇

→ English: Akesu, A-k'o-su

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ su⁵⁵/

/aː³³ hɐk̚⁵ sou̯⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ su⁵⁵/

/aː³³ hɐk̚⁵ sou̯⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Manchu ᠠᡴᠰᡠ (aksu), from Middle Mongol ᠠᠭᠰᠤ (aɣsu), from Chagatai آقسُو (Āqsū), اکسو (Aksū). Compare Uyghur ئاقسۇ (aqsu), Written Oirat ᠠᡎᠰᡇ, Tibetan ཨག་སུ (ag su).

(～地區) Aksu (a prefecture of the Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

(～市) Aksu (a county-level city of Aksu prefecture, Xinjiang autonomous region, China)

Aksu, Kazakhstan (any of various places named Aksu in Kazakhstan)

Aksu, Turkey (any of various places named Aksu in Turkey)


安吉

→ English: Anji, Anchi

/ˀän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ kɐt̚⁵/

(～縣) Anji (a county of Huzhou, Zhejiang, China)


安息

/ˀän⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ɕi³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ ɕi³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ sɪk̚⁵/

Phonetic transcription of the name of Arsaces I of Parthia who founded the dynasty. Compare Parthian 𐭀𐭓𐭔𐭊 (Aršak), Old Persian 𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎣 (Aršaka-), Ancient Greek Ἀρσάκης (Arsákēs).


寶雞

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/po³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ie⁵⁵/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi⁵⁵/

/pou̯³⁵ kɐi̯⁵⁵/

/po³³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ie⁵⁵/

/pɤ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ke⁴⁴/

(～市) Baoji (a prefecture-level city of Shaanxi, China)


大陸分水嶺

ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄨˋ ㄈㄣ ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄌㄧㄥˇ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄌㄨˋ ㄈㄣ ㄕㄨㄟˇ ㄌㄧㄥˇ

Далуфэньшуйлин

/tä⁵¹⁻⁵³ lu⁵¹ fən⁵⁵ ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


大悲咒

/tä⁵¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² pei̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯³³/

/tä⁵¹ peɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

/taːi̯²² pei̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯³³/

(Buddhism) Nīlakaṇṭha Dhāraṇī, the Great Compassion Mantra


公行

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ xɑŋ³⁵/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ xɑŋ³⁵/

a civil organisation in Qing Dynasty Guangzhou, which monopolised trade with western countries


徽州

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/fɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/xu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/fɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

(historical) Huizhou (an ancient prefecture in modern Anhui and Jiangxi, China)

(～區) Huizhou (a district of Huangshan, Anhui, China)


林邑

Linyi, Lâm Ấp (an ancient kingdom in present-day Vietnam, possibly the predecessor of Champa.)


路德

Borrowed from German Luther, or English Rudd.

short for 馬丁路德／马丁路德 (Mǎdīng Lùdé, “Martin Luther”)

A transliteration of the German surname Luther

A transliteration of the English male given name Luther

A transliteration of the English surname Rudd


倮倮

→ Vietnamese: Người Lô Lô

/lu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɔː³⁵ lɔː³⁵/

/lu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ lu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lɔː³⁵ lɔː³⁵/

(～族) (dated, derogatory) Alternative name for 彝 (Yí, “Yi people”).


霓裳

/ni³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

/ni³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑŋ³⁵/

霓裳羽衣曲 w:zh:霓裳羽衣曲

Nichang, abbreviation for the Tang Dynasty song "Raiment of Rainbows and Feathers" (霓裳羽衣曲 (Níchángyǔyīqǔ))


蒲團

/pʰu³⁵ tʰu̯än³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰyːn²¹/

/pʰu³⁵ tʰu̯än³⁵/

/pʰou̯²¹ tʰyːn²¹/

(～鄉) Putuan (a township in Huarong district, Ezhou, Hubei, China)


聖子

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ³³ t͡siː³⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ t͡sz̩²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɪŋ³³ t͡siː³⁵/

760, 景淨, 《景教三威蒙度讚》

Míshīhē pǔzūn dà Shèngzǐ, guǎngdù kǔjiè jiù wúyì.

彌施訶普尊大聖子，廣度苦界救無億。

760, 景淨, 《景教三威蒙度讚》

弥施诃普尊大圣子，广度苦界救无亿。


大馬

/tä⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² maː¹³/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ be⁵²/

/tä⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːi̯²² maː¹³/

/tai³⁵⁻¹¹ be⁵²/

(colloquial) Malaysia (a country in Asia)

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Dama (a town in Yanling, Xuchang, Henan, China, formerly a township)


波音

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ in⁵⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/

/pᵘɔ³³ jim³³/

/pᵘɔ³³ jim³³⁻³³⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ in⁵⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ jɐm⁵⁵/

/pᵘɔ³³ jim³³/

/pᵘɔ³³ jim³³⁻³³⁵/

A transliteration of the English surname Boeing

(aviation) An American aerospace company.


馬航

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɑŋ³⁵/

/maː¹³ hɔːŋ²¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɑŋ³⁵/

/maː¹³ hɔːŋ²¹/

short for 馬來西亞國際航空／马来西亚国际航空 (Mǎláixīyà Guójì Hángkōng, “Malaysia Airlines”)


路透社

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤ⁵¹/

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰoʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʂɤ⁵¹/


獯鬻

/fɐn⁵⁵ jʊk̚²/

/fɐn⁵⁵ jʊk̚²/

And it requires a wise prince to be able, with a small country, to serve a large one - as the king Tai served the Xun Yu, and Gou Jian served Wu

Wéi zhìzhě wèi néng yǐ xiǎo shì dà, gù Tàiwáng shì Xūnyù, Gōu Jiàn shì Wú.

惟智者為能以小事大，故大王事獯鬻，句踐事吳。

惟智者为能以小事大，故大王事獯鬻，句践事吴。

Xunyu, an ancient nomadic tribe north of China during legendary times


詠春

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ²² t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/

/jʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən⁵⁵/

/wɪŋ²² t͡sʰɵn⁵⁵/


克里米亞

ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄇㄧˇ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄧˇ ㄇㄧˇ ㄧㄚˇ

/kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐk̚⁵ lei̯¹³ mɐi̯¹³ aː³³/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä⁵¹/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐk̚⁵ lei̯¹³ mɐi̯¹³ aː³³/

Borrowed from English Crimea, likely via a spelling pronunciation.

Crimea (a geographic region and peninsula in Eastern Europe, jutting out into the Black Sea; de facto occupied and annexed in 2014 as a republic of Russia, but internationally recognized as an autonomous republic of Ukraine :)


美語

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Abbreviation of 美國／美国 (Měiguó, “United States”) + 語／语 (yǔ, “speech; language”)


馬賽

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/maː¹³ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sai⁴¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai¹¹/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹/

/maː¹³ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sai⁴¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai¹¹/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹/

1891, 薛福成 [Xue Fucheng], 出使英法義比四國日記, volume 1, page 33:

Mǎsài kāidì zuì gǔ. Kǎo xīlì qián wǔ liù bǎi nián, Xīlàrén yóu Yàxìyà ér lái zhě, xiān zhì shì chù, suì chéng dūhuì.

馬賽開地最古。攷西曆前五六百年，希臘人由亞細亞而來者，先至是處，遂成都會。

马赛开地最古。攷西历前五六百年，希腊人由亚细亚而来者，先至是处，遂成都会。

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur#English

Marseille (the capital city of Bouches-du-Rhône department, France; the capital city of the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur)


馬六甲

ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄚˇ

ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄧㄡˋ ㄐㄧㄚˇ

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ lʊk̚² kaːp̚³/

/ma⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ lak̚⁴⁻³ kaʔ³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li̯oʊ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maː¹³ lʊk̚² kaːp̚³/

/ma⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ lak̚⁴⁻³ kaʔ³/

Borrowed from Malay Melaka, via Hokkien.

1824, 尚德 [Walter Henry Medhurst], 咬𠺕吧總論, page 5:

Qiě Yǎoliúba zhī dìtǔ, shènwéi féihòu, shèng yú Mǎliùjiǎ jí Jùgǎng děng chù zhī dìtǔ, yīn yǒu duō huǒshān zhī cáiliào, yǔ qí tǔní jiāocān, yòu yīn tiānshàng jiàngyǔ shí, shān biān zhī líng tǔ, tóng liú xià píngdì qù, zhì qí tǔ miàn chéng hòu, suǒyǐ wéi féi yě.

且咬𠺕吧之地土，甚為肥厚，勝於馬六甲及巨港等處之地土，因有多火山之材料，與其土泥交參，又因天上降雨時，山邊之零土，同流下平地去，致其土面成厚，所以為肥也。

且咬𠺕吧之地土，甚为肥厚，胜于马六甲及巨港等处之地土，因有多火山之材料，与其土泥交参，又因天上降雨时，山边之零土，同流下平地去，致其土面成厚，所以为肥也。


奔馳

/pən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/pɐn⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/pun⁴⁴⁻²² ti²⁴/

/pʰun⁴⁴⁻²² ti¹³/

/puŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰi⁵⁵/

/pən⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩³⁵/

/pɐn⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/pun⁴⁴⁻²² ti²⁴/

/pʰun⁴⁴⁻²² ti¹³/

/puŋ³³⁻²³ t͡sʰi⁵⁵/

(Mainland China) Mercedes-Benz (brand and car)


西半球

/ɕi⁵⁵ pän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

ㄒㄧ ㄅㄢˋ ㄑㄧㄡˊㄦ

/ɕi⁵⁵ pän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ puːn³³ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ puã¹¹⁻⁵³ kiu²⁴/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²¹⁻⁴¹ kiu²³/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ puã¹¹⁻⁵³ kiu²⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²¹⁻⁴¹ kiu²³/

/sai³³⁻²³ pũã²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kiu⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ pän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ pän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ puːn³³ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ puã¹¹⁻⁵³ kiu²⁴/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²¹⁻⁴¹ kiu²³/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ puã¹¹⁻⁵³ kiu²⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ puã²¹⁻⁴¹ kiu²³/

/sai³³⁻²³ pũã²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kiu⁵⁵/

Western Hemisphere
Western Hemisphere#English:_Q181982

International Date Line
International Date Line

Western Hemisphere (the hemisphere in Earth to the west of the Greenwich meridian (zero degree longitude) and east of 180 degrees longitude (approximately the International Date Line), containing the Americas and a small part of eastern Russia)


東半球

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄅㄢˋ ㄑㄧㄡˊ

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄅㄢˋ ㄑㄧㄡˊ

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄅㄢˋ ㄑㄧㄡˊㄦ

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ puːn³³ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/taŋ³³⁻²³ pũã²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kiu⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pän⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɤʊ̯ɻʷ³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ puːn³³ kʰɐu̯²¹/

/taŋ³³⁻²³ pũã²¹³⁻⁵⁵ kiu⁵⁵/

Eastern Hemisphere
Eastern Hemisphere#English:_Q186198

Eastern Hemisphere (the hemisphere in Earth to the east of the Greenwich meridian (zero degree longitude) and west of 180 degrees longitude (approximately the International Date Line), containing Africa, Asia and Europe, except for a small part of eastern Russia)


立法院

/li⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/lɐp̚² faːt̚³ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

/laːp̚² faːt̚³ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² huat̚³²⁻⁴ ĩ²²/

/lip̚²⁴⁻² huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ ĩ⁴¹/

/lip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ huat̚³²⁻⁵ ĩ²²/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² huat̚³²⁻⁴ ĩ³³/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² huat̚³²⁻⁴ ĩ³³/

/li⁵¹ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/lɐp̚² faːt̚³ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

/laːp̚² faːt̚³ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² huat̚³²⁻⁴ ĩ²²/

/lip̚²⁴⁻² huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ ĩ⁴¹/

/lip̚¹²¹⁻²¹ huat̚³²⁻⁵ ĩ²²/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² huat̚³²⁻⁴ ĩ³³/

/lip̚⁴⁻³² huat̚³²⁻⁴ ĩ³³/

Legislative Yuan (the legislative branch of government under the constitution of Republic of China, then of Taiwan)


波斯灣

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ siː⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/


來賓

/lɔːi̯²¹ pɐn⁵⁵/

/lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ piŋ³³/

/lɔːi̯²¹ pɐn⁵⁵/

/lai⁵⁵⁻¹¹ piŋ³³/

(～市) Laibin (a prefecture-level city of the Guangxi autonomous region, China)


小兒經

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ jiː²¹ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/siːu̯³⁵ jiː²¹ kɪŋ⁵⁵/

Xiao'erjing (the variant of Arabic script used to write Chinese)


工業革命

ㄍㄨㄥ ㄧㄝˋ ㄍㄜˊ ㄇㄧㄥˋ

ㄍㄨㄥ ㄧㄝˋ ㄍㄜˊ ㄇㄧㄥˋ

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ miŋ⁵¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jiːp̚² kaːk̚³ mɪŋ²²/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jɛ⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ miŋ⁵¹/

/kʊŋ⁵⁵ jiːp̚² kaːk̚³ mɪŋ²²/

Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution


傳媒

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ muːi̯²¹/

/tuan²⁴⁻²² muĩ²⁴/

/tuan¹³⁻²² muĩ¹³/

/tʰuan²³⁻³³ muĩ²³/

/tʰuan²⁴⁻¹¹ muĩ²⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʰu̯än³⁵ meɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰyːn²¹ muːi̯²¹/

/tuan²⁴⁻²² muĩ²⁴/

/tuan¹³⁻²² muĩ¹³/

/tʰuan²³⁻³³ muĩ²³/

/tʰuan²⁴⁻¹¹ muĩ²⁴/

short for 中國傳媒大學／中国传媒大学 (Zhōngguó Chuánméi Dàxué, “Communication University of China”)


中研院

Чжунъяньюань

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jiːn²¹ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jiːn²¹ jyːn²²⁻³⁵/


清華

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹/

/t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ fa¹¹/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua¹³/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua²⁴/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ hua⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ ɦo²¹/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ waː²¹/

/t͡ɕʰin⁴⁴⁻³⁵ fa¹¹/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵³³⁻¹¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua¹³/

/t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋua²⁴/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ hua⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰin⁵⁵ ɦo²¹/


詔安

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/t͡siːu̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sieu²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/t͡siou²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ³³/

/t͡siau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ³³/

/ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ˀän⁵⁵/

/t͡siːu̯²² ɔːn⁵⁵/

/t͡sieu²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡siau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ an³³/

/t͡siou²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ³³/

/t͡siau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ aŋ³³/

(～縣) Zhao'an (a county of Zhangzhou, Fujian, China)


奧林匹克運動會

ㄠˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄆㄧˇ ㄎㄜˋ ㄩㄣˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

ㄠˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄆㄧ ㄎㄜˋ ㄩㄣˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

ㄠˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄆㄧˇ ㄎㄜˋ ㄩㄣˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

Аолиньпикэ Юньдунхуэй

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ lin³⁵ pʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

Аолиньпикэ Юньдунхуэй

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ lin³⁵ pʰi⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/

/ou̯³³ lɐm²¹ pʰɐt̚⁵ hɐk̚⁵ wɐn²² tʊŋ²² wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵/


美利堅

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li³³⁻¹¹ kiɛn⁴⁴/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ li³³⁻²¹ kiɛn⁴⁴/

/meɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/bi⁵³⁻⁴⁴ li³³⁻¹¹ kiɛn⁴⁴/

/bi⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ li³³⁻²¹ kiɛn⁴⁴/

Phono-semantic matching of English American.


北市

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ siː¹³/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩⁵¹/

/pɐk̚⁵ siː¹³/

(～區) Beishi (a district of Baoding, Hebei, China)

(Taiwan) short for 臺北市／台北市 (Táiběi shì, “Taipei”)


蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯盟

head

蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯盟

苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟

ㄙㄨ ㄨㄟˊ ㄞ ㄕㄜˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄇㄥˊ

Совет Шәхуэйҗўйи Гунхәгуә Лянмән

sou¹ wai⁴ aai¹ se⁵ wui⁶⁻² zyu² ji⁶ gung⁶ wo⁴ gwok³ lyun⁴ mang⁴

Suwéi-ai Shèhuèijhǔyì Gònghéguó Liánméng

Su¹-wei²-ai¹ Shê⁴-hui⁴-chu³-i⁴ Kung⁴-ho²-kuo² Lien²-mêng²

Sū-wéi-āi Shè-hwèi-jǔ-yì Gùng-hé-gwó Lyán-méng

Suweiai Shehhueyjuuyih Gonqhergwo Lianmeng

Сувэйай Шэхуэйчжуи Гунхэго Ляньмэн

/su⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵ mɤŋ³⁵/

sōu wàih āai séh wúi jyú yih guhng wòh gwok lyùhn màhng

sou¹ wai⁴ aai¹ se⁵ wui⁶⁻² dzy² ji⁶ gung⁶ wo⁴ gwok⁸ lyn⁴ mang⁴

sou¹ wei⁴ ai¹ sé⁵ wui⁶⁻² ju² yi⁶ gung⁶ wo⁴ guog³ lün⁴ meng⁴

/sou̯⁵⁵ wɐi̯²¹ aːi̯⁵⁵ sɛː¹³ wuːi̯²²⁻³⁵ t͡syː³⁵ jiː²² kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³ lyːn²¹ mɐŋ²¹/

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics#English:_Q15180

蘇維埃聯盟 蘇維埃聯盟#Chinese

苏维埃联盟 苏维埃联盟#Chinese

(historical) Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (a former transcontinental country in Europe and Asia (1922–1991), now split into Russia and 14 other countries; short form 蘇維埃聯盟 /苏维埃联盟 (Sūwéi'āi Liánméng); abbreviation 蘇聯 /苏联 (Sūlián))


蘇維埃聯盟

ㄙㄨ ㄨㄟˊ ㄞ ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄇㄥˊ

ㄙㄨ ㄨㄟˊ ㄞ ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄇㄥˊ

Сувэйай Ляньмэн

/su⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵ mɤŋ³⁵/

/sou̯⁵⁵ wɐi̯²¹ aːi̯⁵⁵ lyːn²¹ mɐŋ²¹/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻²² ui²⁴⁻²² ia⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn²⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

/sɔ³³ ui²⁴⁻²² ia³³ liɛn²⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻²² ui¹³⁻²² ia⁴⁴⁻²² liɛn¹³⁻²² biɪŋ¹³/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ui²⁴⁻¹¹ ia⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ biɪŋ²⁴/

/sɔ⁴⁴⁻³³ ui²³⁻³³ ia⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²³⁻³³ biɪŋ²³/

/su⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ˀaɪ̯⁵⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵ mɤŋ³⁵/

/sou̯⁵⁵ wɐi̯²¹ aːi̯⁵⁵ lyːn²¹ mɐŋ²¹/

/sɔ³³ ui²⁴⁻²² ia³³ liɛn²⁴⁻²² biɪŋ²⁴/

Soviet Union
Soviet Union#English:_Q15180

(historical) Soviet Union (a former transcontinental country in Europe and Asia (1922–1991), now split into Russia and 14 other countries)


殘疾人奧林匹克運動會

ㄘㄢˊ ㄐㄧˊ ㄖㄣˊ ㄠˋ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄆㄧˇ ㄎㄜˋ ㄩㄣˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄨㄟˋ

Цаньцзижэнь Аолиньпикэ Юньдунхуэй

/t͡sʰän³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ ʐən³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ lin³⁵ pʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/


聞人

/wən⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/wən³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/mɐn²² jɐn²¹/

/wən⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/wən³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/mɐn²² jɐn²¹/

/mɐn²¹ jɐn²¹/

/wən³⁵ ʐən³⁵/

/mɐn²¹ jɐn²¹/


珀斯

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/pʰaːk̚³ siː⁵⁵/

/pʰu̯ɔ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/pʰaːk̚³ siː⁵⁵/

Western Australia
Western Australia#English

Perth (the state capital of Western Australia)

Perth (other towns and cities of the same name)


西澳

/ɕi⁵⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ ou̯³³/

/ɕi⁵⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ ou̯³³/

1904, Liang Qichao, 新大陸遊記 [Travel Notes of the New Continent], 廣智書局, published 1907, page 8:

Àozhōu zhī Xī'ào, Nán'ào liǎng shěng, xiàn néng jiě yīngyǔ wǔshí jù yǐshàng zhě, nǎi kě dēnglù.

澳洲之西澳、南澳兩省，限能解英語五十句以上者，乃可登陸。

澳洲之西澳、南澳两省，限能解英语五十句以上者，乃可登陆。

西澳大利亞 西澳大利亞#Chinese

西澳大利亚 西澳大利亚#Chinese

Western Australia
Western Australia#English:_Q3206

(～州) short for 西澳大利亞／西澳大利亚 (Xī-Àodàlìyà): Western Australia (a state of Australia, occupying the western third of the continent; a former British colony until 1901)


南澳

→ English: Nan'ao, Namoa

/nän³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/lam²⁴⁻²² o²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻²² o⁴¹/

/lam¹³⁻²² o²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ o¹¹/

/lam²³⁻³³ ɤ²¹/

/lam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ o²¹³/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ o²¹³/

/nän³⁵ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/lam²⁴⁻²² o²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻²² o⁴¹/

/lam¹³⁻²² o²¹/

/lam²⁴⁻¹¹ o¹¹/

/lam²³⁻³³ ɤ²¹/

/lam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ o²¹³/

/nam⁵⁵⁻¹¹ o²¹³/

(～縣) Nan'ao (a county of Shantou, Guangdong, China)

(～鄉) Nan'ao (a mountain indigenous township in Yilan County, Taiwan)

澳洲之西澳、南澳兩省，限能解英語五十句以上者，乃可登陸。

澳洲之西澳、南澳两省，限能解英语五十句以上者，乃可登陆。

南澳大利亞 南澳大利亞#Chinese

南澳大利亚 南澳大利亚#Chinese

South Australia
South Australia#English:_Q3206

(～州) short for 南澳大利亞／南澳大利亚 (Nán-Àodàlìyà): South Australia (a state of Australia, located in the central southern part of the continent; a former British colony until 1901)


昆省

/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kʰu̯ən⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


維省

/weɪ̯³⁵ ʂɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/weɪ̯³⁵ ʂɤŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Victoria (a state of Australia, located in the southeastern part of the continent; a former British colony from 1851 to 1901)


天河

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (天河):
* → Japanese: 天(てん)河(が) (Tenga)
* → Korean: 천하(天河) (Cheonha)
* → Vietnamese: thiên hà (天河)

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰiæ̃²⁴ xə²⁴/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/hen³³ hᵘɔ²²/

/tʰin³³ hɔ⁴²/

/ˈtʰiɛn⁴² ho²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ho¹¹/

/tʰie¹¹ xɤ¹¹/

/tʰiŋ⁵⁴ ɔ²¹/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ho¹³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ ho²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/tʰĩ³³⁻²³ ho⁵⁵/

/tʰi⁵⁵ ɦu²¹/

/tʰi̯ẽ³³ xo¹³/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/tʰiæ̃²⁴ xə²⁴/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ hɔː²¹/

/hen³³ hᵘɔ²²/

/tʰin³³ hɔ⁴²/

/ˈtʰiɛn⁴² ho²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³⁵ ho¹¹/

/tʰie¹¹ xɤ¹¹/

/tʰiŋ⁵⁴ ɔ²¹/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ho²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻²² ho¹³/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ ho²⁴/

/tʰiɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/tʰĩ³³⁻²³ ho⁵⁵/

/tʰi⁵⁵ ɦu²¹/

/tʰi̯ẽ³³ xo¹³/

(～區) Tianhe (a district of Guangzhou, Guangdong, China)


奧運匹克

ㄠˋ ㄩㄣˋ ㄆㄧˇ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄠˋ ㄩㄣˋ ㄆㄧˇ ㄎㄜˋ

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹ pʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹ pʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹/

奧林匹克 奧林匹克#Chinese

奥林匹克 奥林匹克#Chinese

Misspelling of 奧林匹克／奥林匹克 (àolínpǐkè, “Olympics”).


三峽

/sän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/


三峽

/sän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

/sän⁵⁵ ɕi̯ä³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 三峡(さんきょう) (Sankyō), from Hokkien 三角湧 /三角涌 (Saⁿ-kak-éng).

(～區, formerly ～鎮) Sanxia (a district of New Taipei City, Taiwan)


海牙

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ ŋaː²¹/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ jä³⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ ŋaː²¹/

Probably from French La Haye or Portuguese Haia.

The Hague (the administrative capital of the Netherlands)


金磚四國

ㄐㄧㄣ ㄓㄨㄢ ㄙˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄐㄧㄣ ㄓㄨㄢ ㄙˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Цзиньчжуаньсыго

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵⁵ sz̩⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

(politics, economics) BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, and China)


金磚

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu̯än⁵⁵/

(politics, economics) BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa); BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, and China): a group of countries with similarly fast-growing economies.


禿髮

From Xianbei. Compare Mongolian ᠳᠡᠪᠡᠯ (debel).

/tʰu⁵⁵ fä⁵¹/

/tʰu⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰʊk̚⁵ faːt̚³/

/tʰu⁵⁵ fä⁵¹/

/tʰu⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰʊk̚⁵ faːt̚³/


雷克雅維克

ㄌㄟˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄧㄚˇ ㄨㄟˊ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄌㄟˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄧㄚˇ ㄨㄟˊ ㄎㄜˋ

/leɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/lɵy̯²¹ hɐk̚⁵ ŋaː¹³ wɐi̯²¹ hɐk̚⁵/

/le²² kʰəʔ⁵⁵ ia³³ vi³³ kʰəʔ²¹/

/leɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/lɵy̯²¹ hɐk̚⁵ ŋaː¹³ wɐi̯²¹ hɐk̚⁵/

/le²² kʰəʔ⁵⁵ ia³³ vi³³ kʰəʔ²¹/

(Taiwan) Reykjavík (the capital city of Iceland)


奧斯陸

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/ou̯³³ siː⁵⁵ lʊk̚²/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɯ³³ liɔk̚²⁴/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴⁻²² liɔk̚⁴/

/o¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔk̚⁴/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴⁻²² liɔk̚¹²¹/

/ɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔk̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ sz̩⁵⁵ loʔ²¹/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ lu⁵¹/

/ou̯³³ siː⁵⁵ lʊk̚²/

/o⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɯ³³ liɔk̚²⁴/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴⁻²² liɔk̚⁴/

/o¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔk̚⁴/

/o²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴⁻²² liɔk̚¹²¹/

/ɤ²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔk̚⁴/

/ɔ³³ sz̩⁵⁵ loʔ²¹/


哥本哈根

ㄍㄜ ㄅㄣˇ ㄏㄚ ㄍㄣ

ㄍㄜ ㄅㄣˇ ㄏㄚ ㄍㄣ

Гэбэньхагэнь

/kɤ⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ xä⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ puːn³⁵ haː⁵⁵ kɐn⁵⁵/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kun⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kin⁴⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ha⁴⁴⁻³³ kin⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ha⁴⁴⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/ku⁵⁵ pən³³ ha³³ kən²¹/

/kɤ⁵⁵ pən²¹⁴⁻²¹ xä⁵⁵ kən⁵⁵/

/kɔː⁵⁵ puːn³⁵ haː⁵⁵ kɐn⁵⁵/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kun⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻²² pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ kin⁴⁴/

/kɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ha⁴⁴⁻³³ kin⁴⁴/

/ko⁴⁴⁻³³ pun⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ha⁴⁴⁻³³ kun⁴⁴/

/ku⁵⁵ pən³³ ha³³ kən²¹/

From English Copenhagen, from Low German Kopenhagen, calque of Danish København, from Old Danish Køpmannæhafn.

Copenhagen (the capital city of Denmark)


地拉那

/ti⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/tei̯²² laːi̯⁵⁵ naː¹³/

/te⁴¹⁻²² la³³ nã⁴¹/

/te²²⁻²¹ la⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/

/ti⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ nä⁵¹/

/tei̯²² laːi̯⁵⁵ naː¹³/

/te⁴¹⁻²² la³³ nã⁴¹/

/te²²⁻²¹ la⁴⁴⁻²² nã⁵³/

Tirana (the capital and largest city of Albania)


貝爾格萊德

ㄅㄟˋ ㄦˇ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄞˊ ㄉㄜˊ

ㄅㄟˋ ㄦˇ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄞˊ ㄉㄜˊ

Бэйэргэлайдэ

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/puːi̯³³ jiː¹³ kaːk̚³ lɔːi̯²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/pue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² tiak̚⁵/

/pue²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/pue²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ lai¹³⁻²² tiɪk̚³²/

/pe³³ ɦəl⁵⁵ kaʔ³³ le³³ təʔ²¹/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɤ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/puːi̯³³ jiː¹³ kaːk̚³ lɔːi̯²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/pe³³ ɦəl⁵⁵ kaʔ³³ le³³ təʔ²¹/

(Mainland China) Belgrade (the capital city of Serbia)


布魯塞爾

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄙㄞˋ ㄦˇ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄙㄜˋ ㄦˇ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨˇ ㄙㄞˋ ㄦˇ

/pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pou̯³³ lou̯¹³ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ jiː¹³/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ⁵³/

/pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zĩ⁵³/

/pu³³ lu⁵⁵ se³³ ɦəl²¹/

/pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ saɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pu⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ sɤ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pou̯³³ lou̯¹³ t͡sʰɔːi̯³³ jiː¹³/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ⁵³/

/pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sai⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sai²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zĩ⁵³/

/pu³³ lu⁵⁵ se³³ ɦəl²¹/


貝魯特

/peɪ̯⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/puːi̯³³ lou̯¹³ tɐk̚²/

/pue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiak̚²⁴/

/pue²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

/pue¹¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

/pue²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚¹²¹/

/pue²¹⁻⁴¹ lɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ lu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/puːi̯³³ lou̯¹³ tɐk̚²/

/pue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ lɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiak̚²⁴/

/pue²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

/pue¹¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

/pue²¹⁻⁵³ lɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚¹²¹/

/pue²¹⁻⁴¹ lɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

A transliteration of the Polish surname Bierut


薩拉熱窩

ㄙㄚˋ ㄌㄚ ㄖㄜˋ ㄨㄛ

ㄙㄚˋ ㄌㄚ ㄖㄜˋ ㄨㄛ

/sä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ ʐɤ⁵¹ wɔ⁵⁵/

/saːt̚³ laːi̯⁵⁵ jiːt̚² wɔː⁵⁵/

/sat̚³²⁻⁴ la⁴⁴⁻²² liɛt̚⁴⁻³² o⁴⁴/

/sat̚⁵⁻²⁴ la³³ liɛt̚²⁴⁻² o³³/

/sat̚³²⁻⁵ la⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ o⁴⁴/

/saʔ³³ la⁵⁵ n̠ʲiɪʔ³³ u²¹/

/sä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ ʐɤ⁵¹ wɔ⁵⁵/

/saːt̚³ laːi̯⁵⁵ jiːt̚² wɔː⁵⁵/

/sat̚³²⁻⁴ la⁴⁴⁻²² liɛt̚⁴⁻³² o⁴⁴/

/sat̚⁵⁻²⁴ la³³ liɛt̚²⁴⁻² o³³/

/sat̚³²⁻⁵ la⁴⁴⁻²² d͡ziɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ o⁴⁴/

/saʔ³³ la⁵⁵ n̠ʲiɪʔ³³ u²¹/

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina#English

(Mainland China) Sarajevo (the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina)


薩格勒布

ㄙㄚˋ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄜˋ ㄅㄨˋ

ㄙㄚˋ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄜˋ ㄅㄨˋ

/sä⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/sat̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ liak̚²⁴⁻² pɔ⁴¹/

/sat̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liɪk̚⁴⁻³² pɔ²¹/

/sat̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ liɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ pɔ²¹/

/saʔ³³ kaʔ⁵⁵ ləʔ³³ pu²¹/

/sä⁵¹ kɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹/

/sat̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ liak̚²⁴⁻² pɔ⁴¹/

/sat̚³²⁻⁴ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ liɪk̚⁴⁻³² pɔ²¹/

/sat̚³²⁻⁵ kiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ liɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ pɔ²¹/

/saʔ³³ kaʔ⁵⁵ ləʔ³³ pu²¹/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Zagreb (the capital city of Croatia)


盧布爾雅那

ㄌㄨˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄦˇ ㄧㄚˇ ㄋㄚˋ

ㄌㄨˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄦˇ ㄧㄚˇ ㄋㄚˋ

/lu³⁵ pu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/lou̯²¹ pou̯³³ jiː¹³ ŋaː¹³ naː¹³/

/lɔ²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ ŋã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ nã⁴¹/

/lɔ²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nã⁵³/

/lɔ¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ d͡zĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋɛ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nã⁵³/

/lu²² pu⁵⁵ ɦəl³³ ia³³ na²¹/

/lu³⁵ pu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/lou̯²¹ pou̯³³ jiː¹³ ŋaː¹³ naː¹³/

/lɔ²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ ŋã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ nã⁵³/

/lu²² pu⁵⁵ ɦəl³³ ia³³ na²¹/

(Mainland China) Ljubljana (the capital city of Slovenia)


波德戈里察

ㄅㄛ ㄉㄜˊ ㄍㄜ ㄌㄧˇ ㄔㄚˊ

ㄅㄛ ㄉㄜˊ ㄍㄜ ㄌㄧˇ ㄔㄚˊ

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵ kʷɔː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ t͡sʰaːt̚³/

/pʰo³³ tiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ kɔ³³ li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡sʰat̚⁵/

/po⁴⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ ko⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰat̚³²/

/pʰo⁴⁴⁻²² tiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ ko⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡sʰat̚³²/

/pu⁵⁵ təʔ³³ ku³³ li³³ t͡sʰaʔ²¹/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵/

/pɔː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵ kʷɔː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ t͡sʰaːt̚³/

/pu⁵⁵ təʔ³³ ku³³ li³³ t͡sʰaʔ²¹/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Podgorica (the capital city of Montenegro)


瓦杜茲

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/ŋaː¹³ tou̯²² t͡siː⁵⁵/

/ua⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²² t͡sɯ³³/

/ua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ŋo²² du⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

/wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵¹ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/ŋaː¹³ tou̯²² t͡siː⁵⁵/

/ua⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ²² t͡sɯ³³/

/ua⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁴⁴/

/ŋo²² du⁵⁵ t͡sz̩²¹/

(Mainland China) Vaduz (the capital city of Liechtenstein)


阿拉木圖

ㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄇㄨˋ ㄊㄨˊ

ㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄇㄨˋ ㄊㄨˊ

/ˀä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ mu⁵¹ tʰu³⁵/

/aː³³ laːi̯⁵⁵ mʊk̚² tʰou̯²¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ mu⁵¹ tʰu³⁵/

/aː³³ laːi̯⁵⁵ mʊk̚² tʰou̯²¹/


莫爾茲比港

ㄇㄛˋ ㄦˇ ㄗ ㄅㄧˇ ㄍㄤˇ

ㄇㄛˋ ㄦˇ ㄗ ㄅㄧˇ ㄍㄤˇ

Моэрцзыби ган

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Papua New Guinea
Papua New Guinea#English

Port Moresby (the capital of Papua New Guinea)


斯里巴加灣

ㄙ ㄌㄧˇ ㄅㄚ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄨㄢ

ㄙ ㄌㄧˇ ㄅㄚ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄨㄢ

Сыли Бацзявань

/sz̩⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ paː⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

/sɯ³³ li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pa³³ ka³³ uan³³/

/su⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁴⁴/

/su⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁴⁴/

/sz̩⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ wän⁵⁵/

/siː⁵⁵ lei̯¹³ paː⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

/sɯ³³ li⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ pa³³ ka³³ uan³³/

/su⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa⁴⁴⁻²² ka⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁴⁴/

/su⁴⁴⁻²² li⁵³⁻⁴⁴ pa⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ⁴⁴⁻²² uan⁴⁴/

Bandar Seri Begawan
Bandar Seri Begawan#English

(Mainland Chinese) Bandar Seri Begawan (the capital city of Brunei)


廷布

/tʰiŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/tʰɪŋ²¹ pou̯³³/

/tiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/

/tiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹/

/tiɪŋ¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹/

/tiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ pɔ¹¹/

/tiɪŋ²³⁻³³ pɔ²¹/

/tʰiŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹/

/tʰɪŋ²¹ pou̯³³/

/tiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/

/tiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹/

/tiɪŋ¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹/

/tiɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ pɔ¹¹/

/tiɪŋ²³⁻³³ pɔ²¹/

Borrowed from Dzongkha ཐིམ་ཕུ (thim phu).

(Mainland China) Thimphu (the capital city of Bhutan)


哈瓦那

/xä⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/haː⁵⁵ ŋaː¹³ naː¹³/

/xä⁵⁵ wä²¹⁴⁻²¹ nä⁵¹/

/haː⁵⁵ ŋaː¹³ naː¹³/

Havana (a city, the capital city of Cuba)


達卡

/tä³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² kʰaː⁵⁵/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² kʰaʔ⁵/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² kʰa⁵³/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰa⁵³/

/tä³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² kʰaː⁵⁵/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² kʰaʔ⁵/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² kʰa⁵³/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰa⁵³/

Dhaka (a city, the capital city of Bangladesh)


達卡

/tä³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² kʰaː⁵⁵/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² kʰaʔ⁵/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² kʰa⁵³/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰa⁵³/

/tä³⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² kʰaː⁵⁵/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² kʰaʔ⁵/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² kʰa⁵³/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰa⁵³/

(chiefly Taiwan) Dakar (a city, the capital city of Senegal)


馬累

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ leɪ̯⁵¹/

/maː¹³ lɵy̯²²/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui²²/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lui⁴¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui²²/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui³³/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lui³³/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ leɪ̯⁵¹/

/maː¹³ lɵy̯²²/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui²²/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lui⁴¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui²²/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ lui³³/

/mã⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ lui³³/

(Mainland China) Malé (a city, the capital city of the Maldives)


帝力

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/tɐi̯³³ lɪk̚²/

/te⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liak̚²⁴/

/te²¹⁻⁵³ liɪk̚⁴/

/te²¹⁻⁵³ liɪk̚¹²¹/

/ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ li⁵¹/

/tɐi̯³³ lɪk̚²/

/te⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ liak̚²⁴/

/te²¹⁻⁵³ liɪk̚⁴/

/te²¹⁻⁵³ liɪk̚¹²¹/

(Mainland China) Dili (a city, the capital city of East Timor)


迪拜

/ti³⁵ paɪ̯⁵¹/

/tɪk̚² paːi̯³³/

/ti³⁵ paɪ̯⁵¹/

/tɪk̚² paːi̯³³/

United Arab Emirates
United Arab Emirates#English

(chiefly Mainland China) Dubai (an emirate of the United Arab Emirates)

(chiefly Mainland China) Dubai (the capital city of Dubai emirate, United Arab Emirates)


麥納麥

/maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ maɪ̯⁵¹/

/mɐk̚² naːp̚² mɐk̚²/

/biak̚²⁴⁻² lap̚²⁴⁻² biak̚²⁴/

/biɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ lap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ biɪk̚¹²¹/

/biɪk̚⁴⁻³² lap̚⁴⁻³² biɪk̚⁴/

/maɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ maɪ̯⁵¹/

/mɐk̚² naːp̚² mɐk̚²/

/biak̚²⁴⁻² lap̚²⁴⁻² biak̚²⁴/

/biɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ lap̚¹²¹⁻²¹ biɪk̚¹²¹/

/biɪk̚⁴⁻³² lap̚⁴⁻³² biɪk̚⁴/

(Mainland China) Manama (a city, the capital city of Bahrain)


馬斯喀特

ㄇㄚˇ ㄙ ㄎㄚ ㄊㄜˋ

ㄇㄚˇ ㄙ ㄎㄚ ㄊㄜˋ

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/maː¹³ siː⁵⁵ kʰaː³³ tɐk̚²/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sɯ³³ kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiak̚²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ tiɪk̚¹²¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/maː¹³ siː⁵⁵ kʰaː³³ tɐk̚²/

/mã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sɯ³³ kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ tiak̚²⁴/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ tiɪk̚¹²¹/

/mã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ su⁴⁴⁻²² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ tiɪk̚⁴/


尼科西亞

ㄋㄧˊ ㄎㄜ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄋㄧˊ ㄎㄜ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˇ

/ni³⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ni³⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nei̯²¹ fɔː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² kʰə³³ se³³ a³³/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/nĩ¹³⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲi²² kʰu⁵⁵ ɕi³³ ia²¹/

/ni³⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ni³⁵ kʰɤ⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nei̯²¹ fɔː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² kʰə³³ se³³ a³³/

/nĩ²⁴⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/nĩ¹³⁻²² kʰo⁴⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/n̠ʲi²² kʰu⁵⁵ ɕi³³ ia²¹/

(Mainland China) Nicosia (the capital city of Cyprus)


拉姆安拉

/lä⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/lä⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀän⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

(chiefly Mainland China) Ramallah (a city in Palestine)


利雅得

/li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵/

/lei̯²² ŋaː¹³ tɐk̚⁵/

/li⁴¹⁻²² ŋã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiak̚⁵/

/li²²⁻²¹ ŋã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

/li²²⁻²¹ ŋɛ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

/li⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵/

/lei̯²² ŋaː¹³ tɐk̚⁵/

/li⁴¹⁻²² ŋã⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tiak̚⁵/

/li²²⁻²¹ ŋã⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

/li²²⁻²¹ ŋɛ̃⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tiɪk̚³²/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Riyadh (the capital city of Saudi Arabia)

(～省) a province of Saudi Arabia; capital: Riyadh


亞松森

/jä⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ sən⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ sən⁵⁵/

/aː³³ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ sɐm⁵⁵/

/jä⁵¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ sən⁵⁵/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sʊŋ⁵⁵ sən⁵⁵/

/aː³³ t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ sɐm⁵⁵/

Asunción (a city, the capital city of Paraguay)


波哥大

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹/

/pɔː⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵ taːi̯²²/

/pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ tä⁵¹/

/pɔː⁵⁵ kɔː⁵⁵ taːi̯²²/


巴西利亞

ㄅㄚ ㄒㄧ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄅㄚ ㄒㄧ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

/pä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ lei̯²² aː³³/

/pä⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/paː⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ lei̯²² aː³³/

Distrito Federal
Distrito Federal#English

Brasília (a municipality, the capital city of Brazil; the capital of Distrito Federal, Brazil)


卡拉卡斯

ㄎㄚˇ ㄌㄚ ㄎㄚˇ ㄙ

ㄎㄚˇ ㄌㄚ ㄎㄚˇ ㄙ

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵/


利馬

/li⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li⁴¹⁻²² mã⁵⁵⁴/

/li²²⁻²¹ mã⁵³/

/li⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/li⁴¹⁻²² mã⁵⁵⁴/

/li²²⁻²¹ mã⁵³/


蒙得維的亞

ㄇㄥˊ ㄉㄜˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄉㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄇㄥˊ ㄉㄜˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄉㄧˊ ㄧㄚˋ

/mɤŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ti³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/mɤŋ³⁵ tɤ³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ti³⁵ jä⁵¹/

Montevideo (a city, the capital city of Uruguay)


基多

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/


拉巴斯

/lä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/lä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/


聖地牙哥

ㄕㄥˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄧㄚˊ ㄍㄜ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄧㄚˊ ㄍㄜ

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ jä³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ tei̯²² ŋaː²¹ kɔː⁵⁵/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ te³³⁻²¹ ɡe²³⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/

/siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ tue³³⁻¹¹ ɡe²⁴⁻¹¹ ko⁴⁴/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹ jä³⁵ kɤ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ tei̯²² ŋaː²¹ kɔː⁵⁵/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁴¹ te³³⁻²¹ ɡe²³⁻³³ kɤ⁴⁴/

/siɪŋ¹¹⁻⁵³ tue³³⁻¹¹ ɡe²⁴⁻¹¹ ko⁴⁴/

(Taiwan) Santiago (various cities in Hispanophone countries, including the capital of Chile)


聖地亞哥

ㄕㄥˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ ㄍㄜ

ㄕㄥˋ ㄉㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ ㄍㄜ

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹ kɤ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ tei̯²² aː³³ kɔː⁵⁵/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ te²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴⁻²² ko⁴⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ te⁴¹⁻²² a³³ ko³³/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹ kɤ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ tei̯²² aː³³ kɔː⁵⁵/

/siɪŋ²¹⁻⁵³ te²²⁻²¹ a⁴⁴⁻²² ko⁴⁴/

/siɪŋ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ te⁴¹⁻²² a³³ ko³³/

San Diego (city in California, United States.)


喬治敦

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ tu̯ən⁵⁵/


比勒陀利亞

ㄅㄧˇ ㄌㄜˋ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄅㄧˇ ㄌㄜˋ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ lɤ⁵¹ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

Pretoria (a city, the administrative capital of South Africa)


拉巴特

/lä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵ tɐk̚²/

/lä⁵⁵ pä⁵⁵ tʰɤ⁵¹/

/laːi̯⁵⁵ paː⁵⁵ tɐk̚²/

Rabat (the capital city of Morocco, and capital city of the region of Rabat-Sale-Kenitra, Morocco)


喀土穆

/kʰä⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/

/kʰä⁵⁵ tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu⁵¹/


開普敦

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ pʰou̯³⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/

/kʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu̯ən⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ pʰou̯³⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/

Cape Town (a city, the legislative capital of South Africa)


布隆方丹

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄈㄤ ㄉㄢ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄨㄥˊ ㄈㄤ ㄉㄢ

Булунфандань

/pu⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/

/pu⁵¹ lʊŋ³⁵ fɑŋ⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/

From Afrikaans Bloemfontein (literally “fountain of flowers”). Doublet of 布隆泉 (Bùlóngquán).

bor

(chiefly Mainland China, Hong Kong) Bloemfontein (a major city and judicial capital of South Africa)


阿爾及爾

/ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ˀä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


盧安達

/lu³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/lou̯²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

/lu³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/lou̯²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

(Taiwan) Rwanda (a country in East Africa)


盧安達

/lu³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/lou̯²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

/lu³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/lou̯²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

Alternative name for 羅安達／罗安达 (Luó'āndá, “Luanda, capital of Angola”).


金沙薩

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ sä⁵¹/

/kɐm⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵ saːt̚³/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ sä⁵¹/

/kɐm⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵ saːt̚³/

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English

(Mainland China) Kinshasa (a city, the capital city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo)


哈拉雷

/xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ leɪ̯³⁵/

/xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ leɪ̯³⁵/


羅斯

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/lɔː²¹ siː⁵⁵/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/lɔː²¹ siː⁵⁵/

A transliteration of the English male given name and surname Ross

A transliteration of the English surname Rose


基輔羅斯

ㄐㄧ ㄈㄨˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ

ㄐㄧ ㄈㄨˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/kei̯⁵⁵ fuː²² lɔː²¹ siː⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/kei̯⁵⁵ fuː²² lɔː²¹ siː⁵⁵/

(historical) Kievan Rus (a medieval principality in Eastern Europe centred around Kyiv; at its maximum extent covering much of modern Ukraine, Belarus and western Russia and considered an early predecessor of each country)


加沙地帶

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄕㄚ ㄉㄧˋ ㄉㄞˋ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄕㄚ ㄉㄧˋ ㄉㄞˋ

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵ tei̯²² taːi̯³³/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ ti⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵ tei̯²² taːi̯³³/

(Mainland China) Gaza Strip (a region in Palestine between Egypt and Israel)


克拉斯諾亞爾斯克

ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄚ ㄙ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄚˋ ㄦˇ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄎㄜˋ ㄌㄚ ㄙ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄧㄚˇ ㄦˇ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

Кэласынояэрсыкэ

/kʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/kʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

Krasnoyarsk Krai
Krasnoyarsk Krai#English

Krasnoyarsk (a city, the administrative center of Krasnoyarsk Krai in Siberia, Russia)


烏蘭烏德

/u⁵⁵ län³⁵ u⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ wuː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

/u⁵⁵ län³⁵ u⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/wuː⁵⁵ laːn²¹ wuː⁵⁵ tɐk̚⁵/

The Trans-Mongolian Railway begins at Ulan-Ude and terminates at Erenhot. It is connected to the Trans-Siberian Railway and Jining-Erenhot Railway.

Ménggǔ zòngguàn tiělù shǐyú wūlánwūdé, zhōngyú èrliánhàotè, yǔ xībólìyà tiělù hé jí èr tiělù xiàng liánjiē.

蒙古縱貫鐵路始於烏蘭烏德，終於二連浩特，與西伯利亞鐵路和集二鐵路相連接。

蒙古纵贯铁路始于乌兰乌德，终于二连浩特，与西伯利亚铁路和集二铁路相连接。

Ulan-Ude (the capital city of the Republic of Buryatia, Russia)


阿穆爾河畔共青城

ㄚ ㄇㄨˋ ㄦˇ ㄏㄜˊ ㄆㄢˋ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄥˊ

ㄚ ㄇㄨˋ ㄦˇ ㄏㄜˊ ㄆㄢˋ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄥˊ

Амуэрхэпань Гунцинчэн

/ˀä⁵⁵ mu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ pʰän⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʊŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/


共青城

ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄥˊ

ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄑㄧㄥ ㄔㄥˊ

/kʊŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kʊŋ²² t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

/kʊŋ⁵¹ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/kʊŋ²² t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹/

Named after 共青團／共青团 (gòngqīngtuán); compare Russian комсомо́л (komsomól).

(～市) Gongqingcheng (a sub-prefectural city of Jiangxi, China, formerly a county-level city in Jiujiang)


馬加丹

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ kaː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tän⁵⁵/

/maː¹³ kaː⁵⁵ taːn⁵⁵/

Magadan (a city and administrative centre of Magadan Oblast, Russia)


堪察加彼得巴甫洛夫斯克

ㄎㄢ ㄔㄚˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄅㄧˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄅㄚ ㄈㄨˇ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄨ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄎㄢ ㄔㄚˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄅㄧˇ ㄉㄜˊ ㄅㄚ ㄈㄨˇ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄨ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

Каньчацзябидэбафулофусыкэ

/kʰän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰä³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ tɤ³⁵ pä⁵⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ fu⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (a city in Russia)


下諾夫哥羅德

ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄨ ㄍㄜ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄉㄜˊ

ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄨ ㄍㄜ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄉㄜˊ

Ся Нофугэлодэ

/ɕi̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ fu⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

Nizhny Novgorod
Nizhny Novgorod#English:_Q2246

(～州) Nizhny Novgorod (an oblast and federal subject of Russia)

Nizhny Novgorod
Nizhny Novgorod#English:_Q891

Nizhny Novgorod (the capital city of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia; the fourth-largest in the country by population)


葉卡捷琳堡

ㄧㄝˋ ㄎㄚˇ ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄅㄠˇ

ㄧㄝˋ ㄎㄚˇ ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄌㄧㄣˊ ㄅㄠˇ

Екацзелиньбао

/jɛ⁵¹ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ lin³⁵ pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jiːp̚² kʰaː⁵⁵ t͡siːt̚² lɐm²¹ pou̯³⁵/

/jiːp̚² kʰaː⁵⁵ t͡siːt̚² lɐm²¹ pou̯³⁵/

Yekaterinburg (a city, the administrative center of Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia)


薩馬拉

/sä⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

/sä⁵¹ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

Samara (a city, the administrative center of Samara Oblast, Russia)


伊爾庫茨克

ㄧ ㄦˇ ㄎㄨˋ ㄘˊ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄧ ㄦˇ ㄎㄨˋ ㄘˊ ㄎㄜˋ

/i⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu⁵¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/jiː⁵⁵ jiː¹³ fuː³³ t͡sʰiː²¹ hɐk̚⁵/

/i⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu⁵¹ t͡sʰz̩³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/jiː⁵⁵ jiː¹³ fuː³³ t͡sʰiː²¹ hɐk̚⁵/

Irkutsk (a city, the administrative centre of Irkutsk Oblast, Siberia, Russia)

(～州) Irkutsk (an oblast of Siberia, Russia)


西撒哈拉

ㄒㄧ ㄙㄚˇ ㄏㄚ ㄌㄚ

/ɕi⁵⁵ sä⁵⁵ xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

ㄒㄧ ㄙㄚˇ ㄏㄚ ㄌㄚ

/ɕi⁵⁵ sä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ saːt̚³ haː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² sat̚³²⁻⁵ ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ la⁴⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² sat̚³²⁻⁴ ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ la⁴⁴/

/ɕi⁵⁵ sä⁵⁵ xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ sä²¹⁴⁻²¹ xä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ saːt̚³ haː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² sat̚³²⁻⁵ ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ la⁴⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻²² sat̚³²⁻⁴ ha(ʔ)³²⁻⁵³ la⁴⁴/

Western Sahara
Western Sahara#English:_Q6250

Western Sahara (a territory and former Spanish colony in North Africa, now mostly occupied by Morocco, which claims ownership over the territory)


北苑

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn⁵¹/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛn⁵¹/

(～街道) Beiyuan (a subdistrict of Xiling district, Yichang, Hubei, China)


建州

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kiːn³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/kiːn³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(historical) an administrative division in many dynasties of Imperial China

(historical) (～女真) the Jianzhou Jurchens, a subgroup of Jurchens


五湖

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ wuː²¹/

/u²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu³⁵/

/ŋ̍¹³ wuː²¹/

(historical) Five Lakes (a name for the Lake Tai or Taihu County area)


阿比讓

/ˀä⁵⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐɑŋ⁵¹/


順化

/ʂu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/sɵn²² faː³³/

/suŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/

/ʂu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/sɵn²² faː³³/

/suŋ³⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/

(～市) Hue (a city in Thừa Thiên Huế province, central Vietnam)


北韓

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ hɔːn²¹/

/poʔ³³ ɦø⁴⁴/

/peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän³⁵/

/pɐk̚⁵ hɔːn²¹/

/poʔ³³ ɦø⁴⁴/

(especially Taiwan, Hong Kong, Singapore or South Korean context) North Korea (a country in East Asia)


南韓

/nän³⁵ xän³⁵/

/naːm²¹ hɔːn²¹/

/nän³⁵ xän³⁵/

/naːm²¹ hɔːn²¹/

(Taiwan, Hong Kong) South Korea (a country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula)


南朝鮮

ㄋㄢˊ ㄔㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄢˇ

ㄋㄢˊ ㄔㄠˊ ㄒㄧㄢˇ

Нань Чаосянь

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Нань Чаосянь

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Нань Чжаосянь

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ siːn⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ ʈ͡ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/naːm²¹ t͡sʰiːu̯²¹ siːn⁵⁵/

South Korean Constabulary of Police Reserve (predecessor of Republic of Korea Army)

南朝鮮國防警備隊

南朝鲜国防警备队

The reason why the South Korean situation is increasingly turbulent is because South Korean authorities stubbornly pushes reactionary policies against the people.

1980 May 17, 吴德烈 (Wu Delie), 《南朝鲜政局危机四伏》, in People's Daily, →ISSN, page 6

Nán Cháoxiǎn dāngjú wángù dì tuīxíng yǔ rénmín wéi dí de fǎndòng zhèngcè, shì mùqián Nán Cháoxiǎn júshì yuèláiyuè dòngluàn bù'ān de zhíjiē yuányīn.

南朝鮮當局頑固地推行與人民為敵的反動政策，是目前南朝鮮局勢越來越動亂不安的直接原因。

南朝鲜当局顽固地推行与人民为敌的反动政策，是目前南朝鲜局势越来越动乱不安的直接原因。

(Mainland China, now uncommon) South Korea (a country in East Asia, comprising the southern part of the Korean Peninsula)


大韓民國

ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄉㄚˋ ㄏㄢˊ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Дахань Миньго

/tä⁵¹ xän³⁵ min³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² hɔːn²¹ mɐn²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/tai²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾aŋ⁵³ miŋ⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴/

/tai²²⁻²¹ han²⁴⁻²² bin²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² han²⁴⁻²² bin²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚⁵/

/tai²²⁻²¹ han¹³⁻²² bin¹³⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ han²⁴⁻¹¹ bin²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/

/tai³³⁻²¹ han²³⁻³³ bin²³⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/da²² ɦø³³ min²² koʔ⁴⁴/

/tä⁵¹ xän³⁵ min³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/taːi̯²² hɔːn²¹ mɐn²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/tai²²⁻²¹ han²⁴⁻²² bin²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tai⁴¹⁻²² han²⁴⁻²² bin²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚⁵/

/tai²²⁻²¹ han¹³⁻²² bin¹³⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/tai³³⁻¹¹ han²⁴⁻¹¹ bin²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/

/tai³³⁻²¹ han²³⁻³³ bin²³⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/da²² ɦø³³ min²² koʔ⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Korean 대한민국(大韓民國) (daehan-min'guk).

Republic of Korea
Republic of Korea#English:_Q884

Republic of Korea (official name of South Korea: a country in East Asia)

朝鮮民主主義人民共和國

Democratic People's Republic of Korea (official name of North Korea)


先天

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

/siɛn⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/

(historical) one of the era names of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang (712–713)


聖父

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ fuː²²/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹⁻⁵³ fu⁵¹/

/sɪŋ³³ fuː²²/

1884, 《主升天瞻禮讚詞》

Zhì gān zhī Yīyīsūsī. Bù lí Shèngfù zhī huái. Rú rén ér jū yú dì zhě. Jīn zì Qīngguǒ Shān. Chéng róng ér shēngtiān.

至甘之伊伊穌斯。不離聖父之懷。如人而居於地者。今自青果山。乘榮而升天。

1884, 《主升天瞻禮讚詞》

至甘之伊伊稣斯。不离圣父之怀。如人而居于地者。今自青果山。乘荣而升天。

(Christianity) God the Father; Holy Father

(Catholicism, rare) Holy Father (title of Pope)


港澳

/kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kɔːŋ³⁵ ou̯³³/

/kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ o²¹/

/kaŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ o⁴¹/

/kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ o²¹/

/kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ o¹¹/

/kaŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɤ²¹/

/kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kɔːŋ³⁵ ou̯³³/

/kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ o²¹/

/kaŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ o⁴¹/

/kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ o²¹/

/kaŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ o¹¹/

/kaŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ ɤ²¹/

Short for 香港 (Xiānggǎng) + 澳門／澳门 (Àomén).


寶馬

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/po⁵²⁻³⁵ be⁵²⁻²¹/

/pɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/po⁵²⁻³⁵ be⁵²⁻²¹/

The vehicle brand is a phono-semantic matching of German BMW (寶／宝 (bǎo) and 馬／马 (mǎ) also have same respective initial sounds as English 'B' and 'M'). The name was introduced when the brand entered Hong Kong market in 1968. The term itself refers to a form of transportation used by aristocrats, which was cited by Xin Qiji's poem in 青玉案.

(Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau) BMW (automotive brand, including car, motorcycle)


清明節

ㄑㄧㄥ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

ㄑㄧㄥ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄐㄧㄝˊ

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹ t͡siːt̚³/

/t͡sʰeŋ⁴⁴⁻²² beŋ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sueʔ³²/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ meŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡soiʔ²/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ miŋ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ mɪŋ²¹ t͡siːt̚³/

/t͡sʰeŋ⁴⁴⁻²² beŋ²⁴⁻²¹ t͡sueʔ³²/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ meŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡soiʔ²/

Tomb Sweeping Day (annual Chinese festival observed on the first day of Qingming)


港臺

Short for 香港 (Xiānggǎng) + 臺灣／台湾 (Táiwān).

/kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/kɔːŋ³⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/kɔːŋ³⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹/


港臺

/kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/kɔːŋ³⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

/kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰaɪ̯³⁵/

/kɔːŋ³⁵ tʰɔːi̯²¹/

short for 香港電臺／香港电台 (Xiānggǎng Diàntái, “RTHK”)


阿布賈

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ pou̯³³ kaː³⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ pou̯³³ kaː³⁵/

Abuja (a city, the capital city of Nigeria)


阿克拉

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/


阿斯馬拉

/ˀä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵/


安曼

/ˀän⁵⁵ män⁵¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ maːn²²/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² ban²²/

/ˀän⁵⁵ män⁵¹/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ maːn²²/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² ban²²/

Amman (a city, the capital city of Jordan)


愚人節

/y³⁵ ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/jyː²¹ jɐn²¹ t͡siːt̚³/

/y³⁵ ʐən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/jyː²¹ jɐn²¹ t͡siːt̚³/


巴馬科

/pä⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵/

/pä⁵⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵⁵/


班吉

/pän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

/pän⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/

Central African Republic
Central African Republic#English

Bangui (the capital of the Central African Republic)


班珠爾

/pän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pän⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Mainland China) Banjul (the capital of the Gambia)


貝爾莫潘

ㄅㄟˋ ㄦˇ ㄇㄛˋ ㄆㄢ

ㄅㄟˋ ㄦˇ ㄇㄛˋ ㄆㄢ

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu̯ɔ⁵¹ pʰän⁵⁵/

/peɪ̯⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ mu̯ɔ⁵¹ pʰän⁵⁵/


比紹

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/pi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹/


布拉柴維爾

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄔㄞˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄦˇ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄔㄞˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄦˇ

Булачайвэйэр

/pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰaɪ̯³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English

Brazzaville (the capital of the Republic of the Congo)


布瓊布拉

ㄅㄨˋ ㄑㄩㄥˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄑㄩㄥˊ ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ

/pu⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/pou̯³³ kʰɪŋ²¹ pou̯³³ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ la³³/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ la⁴⁴/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰiɪŋ¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ la⁴⁴/

/pu⁵¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ʊŋ³⁵ pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵/

/pou̯³³ kʰɪŋ²¹ pou̯³³ laːi̯⁵⁵/

/pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ kʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ la³³/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ la⁴⁴/

/pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ kʰiɪŋ¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹⁻⁵³ la⁴⁴/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Bujumbura (a city, the capital city of Burundi)


達累斯薩拉姆

ㄉㄚˊ ㄌㄟˋ ㄙ ㄙㄚˋ ㄌㄚ ㄇㄨˇ

ㄉㄚˊ ㄌㄟˇ ㄙ ㄙㄚˋ ㄌㄚ ㄇㄨˇ

Далэйсысаламу

/tä³⁵ leɪ̯⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ sä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tä³⁵ leɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ sä⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(Mainland China) Dar es Salaam (the former capital of Tanzania)


加拉加斯

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄙ

ㄐㄧㄚ ㄌㄚ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄙ

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/


盧薩卡

/lu³⁵ sä⁵¹ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lou̯²¹ saːt̚³ kʰaː⁵⁵/

/lu³⁵ sä⁵¹ kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lou̯²¹ saːt̚³ kʰaː⁵⁵/

Lusaka (a city, the capital city of Zambia)


羅安達

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

/lo²⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴⁻²² tat̚⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² an³³ tat̚²⁴/

/lo¹³⁻²² an⁴⁴⁻²² tat̚¹²¹/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴⁻³³ tat̚⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ an⁴⁴⁻³³ tat̚⁴/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵ tä³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵ taːt̚²/

/lo²⁴⁻²² an⁴⁴⁻²² tat̚⁴/

/lo²⁴⁻²² an³³ tat̚²⁴/

/lo¹³⁻²² an⁴⁴⁻²² tat̚¹²¹/

/lo²⁴⁻¹¹ an⁴⁴⁻³³ tat̚⁴/

/lɤ²³⁻³³ an⁴⁴⁻³³ tat̚⁴/

Luanda (a city, the capital city of Angola)


亞的斯亞貝巴

ㄧㄚˋ ㄉㄧˊ ㄙ ㄧㄚˋ ㄅㄟˋ ㄅㄚ

ㄧㄚˋ ㄉㄧˊ ㄙ ㄧㄚˋ ㄅㄟˋ ㄅㄚ

/jä⁵¹ ti³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ peɪ̯⁵¹ pä⁵⁵/

/jä⁵¹ ti³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ peɪ̯⁵¹ pä⁵⁵/

(Mainland China) Addis Ababa (a city, the capital city of Ethiopia)


孟買

/mɤŋ⁵¹ maɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maːŋ²² maːi̯¹³/

/mɛiŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ mɛ³³/

/biɪŋ²²⁻²¹ mãi⁵³/

/mɤŋ⁵¹ maɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/maːŋ²² maːi̯¹³/

/mɛiŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ mɛ³³/

/biɪŋ²²⁻²¹ mãi⁵³/

From some Indian language, cf. Marathi मुंबई (mumbaī). Compare 孟加拉 (Mèngjiālā, “Bengal”).

Mèngmǎi, zài Àngjīli běi shǎo xī, xiàngqù yuē shù shí lǐ, wéi Yīngjílì suǒ xiá dì, yǒu chéngguō.

孟買，在盎叽哩北少西，相去約數十里，為𠸄咭利所轄地，有城郭。

孟买，在盎叽哩北少西，相去约数十里，为𠸄咭利所辖地，有城郭。

Mumbai (a megacity, the capital of Maharashtra, India)


卡拉奇

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kʰaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

/kʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ lä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵/

/kʰaː⁵⁵ laːi̯⁵⁵ kʰei̯²¹/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Karachi (The largest city in Pakistan situated along the Arabian Sea, as well as the provincial capital of Sindh Province.)


鄂木斯克

ㄜˋ ㄇㄨˋ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄜˋ ㄇㄨˋ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

/ˀɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/ŋɔːk̚² mʊk̚² siː⁵⁵ hɐk̚⁵/

/ˀɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/ŋɔːk̚² mʊk̚² siː⁵⁵ hɐk̚⁵/

Omsk (a city, the administrative center of Omsk Oblast, Russia)


喀山

/kʰä⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/kʰä⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Borrowed from Manchu ᡴᠠᠰᠠᠨ (kasan). First attested in Narrative of the Chinese Embassy to the Khan of the Tourgouth Tartars (異域錄), 1723.

Kazan (the capital and largest city of the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia)


頓河畔羅斯托夫

ㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄆㄢˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ ㄊㄨㄛ ㄈㄨ

ㄉㄨㄣˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄆㄢˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ ㄊㄨㄛ ㄈㄨ

Дунь Хэ пань Лосытофу

/tu̯ən⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ pʰän⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/tɵn²² hɔː²¹ puːn²² lɔː²¹ siː⁵⁵ tʰɔːk̚³ fuː⁵⁵/

Calque of Russian Росто́в-на-Дону́ (Rostóv-na-Donú).

cal

Росто́в-на-Дону́

Rostov-on-Don, Rostov-na-Donu (a large city, the administrative center of Rostov Oblast, in southern Russia)


烏法

/u⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/u⁵⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Ufa (the capital and largest city of the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia)


伏爾加格勒

ㄈㄨˊ ㄦˇ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄜˋ

ㄈㄨˊ ㄦˇ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄍㄜˊ ㄌㄜˋ

/fu³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/fʊk̚² jiː¹³ kaː⁵⁵ kaːk̚³ laːk̚²/

/fu³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵ lɤ⁵¹/

/fʊk̚² jiː¹³ kaː⁵⁵ kaːk̚³ laːk̚²/

(～州) Volgograd (an oblast in southwestern Russia)

Volgograd (a city, the administrative center of Volgograd Oblast, Russia)


彼爾姆

/pi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Perm (a historical region of northeastern Russia)

Perm (a city, the administrative center of Perm Krai, Russia)


不動明王

ㄅㄨˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄨㄤˊ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄉㄨㄥˋ ㄇㄧㄥˊ ㄨㄤˊ

Будун Минван

/pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹ miŋ³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/

/pu⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʊŋ⁵¹ miŋ³⁵ wɑŋ³⁵/

Calque of Sanskrit अचलनाथ विद्याराज (acalanātha vidyārāja).

अचलनाथ विद्याराज

(Buddhism) Acala अचल (acala), a deity associated with Vajrayana Buddhism.


布拉戈維申斯克

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄍㄜ ㄨㄟˊ ㄕㄣ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄅㄨˋ ㄌㄚ ㄍㄜ ㄨㄟˊ ㄕㄣ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

Булагэвэйшэньсыкэ

/pu⁵¹ lä⁵⁵ kɤ⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ ʂən⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

From Russian Благове́щенск (Blagovéščensk).

bor

Благове́щенск

Blagoveshchensk (a city, the administrative center of Amur Oblast in Siberia, Russia)


阿米利亞

ㄚ ㄇㄧˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄚ ㄇㄧˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄧㄚˋ

/ˀä⁵⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/aː³³ mɐi̯¹³ lei̯²² aː³³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ mi²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/aː³³ mɐi̯¹³ lei̯²² aː³³/


四國

/sz̩⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/sei̯³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/sz̩³³ koʔ⁴⁴/

/sz̩⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/sei̯³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/sz̩³³ koʔ⁴⁴/

Shikoku (the fourth largest island of Japan)


紅河

/xʊŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ hɔː²¹/

/xʊŋ³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/hʊŋ²¹ hɔː²¹/

Calqued from a Western language; compare French fleuve Rouge, English Red River. See Vietnamese Sông Hồng for more.

紅河三角洲

红河三角洲

Red River of Yunnan in southern China and of northern Vietnam

～哈尼族彝族自治州 紅河哈尼族彝族自治州#Chinese

(～哈尼族彝族自治州, ～州) Honghe (a Hani and Yi autonomous prefecture in Yunnan, China)

(～縣) Honghe (a county of Honghe prefecture, Yunnan, China)


沅江

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Yuan River (The Yuan River of Hunan in China)

(～市) Yuanjiang (a county-level city of Yiyang, Hunan, China)


元江

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/ɥɛn³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jyːn²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

The "Yuan River", the Chinese stretch of the Red River, prior to its crossing the Vietnamese border

哈尼族彝族傣族自治縣 哈尼族彝族傣族自治縣#Chinese

(～哈尼族彝族傣族自治縣, ～縣) Yuanjiang (an autonomous county of Yuxi, Yunnan, China)


互助

/xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/wuː²² t͡sɔː²²/

/hɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡sɔ²²/

/hɔ⁴¹⁻²² t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/hɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡sɔ²²/

/hɔ³³⁻¹¹ t͡sɔ³³/

/hɔ³³⁻²¹ t͡sɔ³³/

/hu³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡so³⁵/

/xu⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂu⁵¹/

/wuː²² t͡sɔː²²/

/hɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡sɔ²²/

/hɔ⁴¹⁻²² t͡sɔ⁴¹/

/hɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡sɔ²²/

/hɔ³³⁻¹¹ t͡sɔ³³/

/hɔ³³⁻²¹ t͡sɔ³³/

/hu³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡so³⁵/

～土族自治縣 互助土族自治縣#Chinese

(～土族自治縣, ～縣) Huzhu Tu Autonomous County (county in Haidong, Qinghai province, China)


拱橋

/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/kʊŋ³⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/ki̯uŋ³¹ kʰi̯eu̯¹¹/

/kiuŋ²⁴⁻³³ kʰiau⁵⁵/

/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kio²⁴/

/kiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kio²⁴/

/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kio¹³/

/kʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵/

/kʊŋ³⁵ kʰiːu̯²¹/

/ki̯uŋ³¹ kʰi̯eu̯¹¹/

/kiuŋ²⁴⁻³³ kʰiau⁵⁵/

/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kio²⁴/

/kiɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kio²⁴/

/kiɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kio¹³/

(～村) Gongqiao (a village in Zhonglu, Lichuan, Enshi prefecture, Hubei, China)


安陽

→ English: Anyang, An-yang

/ˀän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/on²⁴ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/an³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

/aŋ³³⁻²³ iaŋ⁵⁵/

/ˀän⁵⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/ɔːn⁵⁵ jœːŋ²¹/

/on²⁴ i̯oŋ¹¹/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ²⁴/

/an³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻²² iɔŋ¹³/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²⁴/

/an⁴⁴⁻³³ iɔŋ²³/

/aŋ³³⁻²³ iaŋ⁵⁵/

(～縣) Anyang (a county of Anyang City, Henan, China)

(～鎮) Anyang (a town in Yunyang district, Shiyan, Hubei, China)


吉爾吉斯

ㄐㄧˊ ㄦˇ ㄐㄧˊ ㄙ

ㄐㄧˊ ㄦˇ ㄐㄧˊ ㄙ

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/kɐt̚⁵ jiː¹³ kɐt̚⁵ siː⁵⁵/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ su⁴⁴/

/kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɯ³³/

/kit̚³²⁻⁵ d͡zĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kit̚³²⁻⁵ su⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/kɐt̚⁵ jiː¹³ kɐt̚⁵ siː⁵⁵/

/kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ nĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ su⁴⁴/

/kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ kiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɯ³³/

/kit̚³²⁻⁵ d͡zĩ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ kit̚³²⁻⁵ su⁴⁴/

Borrowed from Manchu ᡴᡳᡵᡤᡳᠰ (kirgis, “Yenisei Kirghiz”). The term was originally referring to the Yenisei Kirghiz people during the Qing period, whereas 布魯特 /布鲁特 (Bùlǔtè) was used to call the Tian Shan Kirghiz.


濠州

/xɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/xɑʊ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

Tàizǔ kāitiān xíngdào zhào jì lìjí dàshèng zhì shén rén wén yì wǔ jùndé chénggōng gāo huángdì, huì Yuánzhāng, zì Guóruì, xìng Zhū shì. Xiānshì jiā pèi, xǐ Jùróng, zài xǐ Sìzhōu. Fù Shìzhēn, shǐ xǐ Háozhōu zhī Zhōnglí.

太祖開天行道肇紀立極大聖至神仁文義武俊德成功高皇帝，諱元璋，字國瑞，姓朱氏。先世家沛，徙句容，再徙泗州。父世珍，始徙濠州之鍾離。

太祖开天行道肇纪立极大圣至神仁文义武俊德成功高皇帝，讳元璋，字国瑞，姓朱氏。先世家沛，徙句容，再徙泗州。父世珍，始徙濠州之钟离。

(historical) Haozhou; Hao Prefecture (a zhou (prefecture) in imperial China that existed between 582 and 1367, centering on modern Fengyang County, Anhui, China)


努爾哈赤

ㄋㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄏㄚ ㄔˋ

ㄋㄨˇ ㄦˇ ㄏㄚ ㄔˋ

/nu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹/

/nou̯¹³ jiː¹³ haː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɛːk̚³/

/nu²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ xä⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩⁵¹/

/nou̯¹³ jiː¹³ haː⁵⁵ t͡sʰɛːk̚³/


色目人

/sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/sɪk̚⁵ mʊk̚² jɐn²¹/

/sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹ ʐən³⁵/

/sɪk̚⁵ mʊk̚² jɐn²¹/

Contrary to popular belief, the term "Semu" (interpreted literally as "color-eye") did not imply that caste members had "colored eyes" in contrast with brown-eyed Mongol Yuan people. It in fact meant "assorted categories" (各色名目, gè sè míng mù), emphasizing the ethnic diversity of Semu people.

Semu, a caste established in China under the Yuan Dynasty


色目

/sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/sɪk̚⁵ mʊk̚²/

/sɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/sɪk̚⁵ mʊk̚²/

(～人) Semu, a caste established in China under the Yuan Dynasty


乞兒吉斯

ㄑㄧˇ ㄦˊ ㄐㄧˊ ㄙ

ㄑㄧˇ ㄦˊ ㄐㄧˊ ㄙ

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi²¹⁴⁻²¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/

柯爾克孜 柯爾克孜#Chinese

柯尔克孜 柯尔克孜#Chinese

(historical) Alternative name for 柯爾克孜／柯尔克孜 (kē'ěrkèzī).


瓦爾喀部

ㄨㄚˇ ㄦˇ ㄎㄚ ㄅㄨˋ

ㄨㄚˇ ㄦˇ ㄎㄚ ㄅㄨˋ

/wä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/

/wä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰä⁵⁵ pu⁵¹/


瓦爾喀

/wä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰä⁵⁵/

/wä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰä⁵⁵/

Warka (? - 1673), a Qing Dynasty Manchu official

瓦爾喀部 瓦爾喀部#Chinese

瓦尔喀部 瓦尔喀部#Chinese

See 瓦爾喀部 /瓦尔喀部 (Wǎ'ěrkā bù).


西域

→ English: Western Regions (calque)

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ wɪk̚²/

/ɬe⁵³³⁻¹¹ yʔ⁴/

/ɬe⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ yʔ⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪk̚⁴/

/*sɯːl ɢʷrɯɡ/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ wɪk̚²/

/ɬe⁵³³⁻¹¹ yʔ⁴/

/ɬe⁵⁴⁴⁻²¹ yʔ⁴/

/se⁴⁴⁻³³ hiɪk̚⁴/

/*sɯːl ɢʷrɯɡ/

Huan Kuan, Discourses on Salt and Iron, c. 1ˢᵗ century BCE

Qián jūn wèi xiāndì huà Xiōngnú zhī cè: “Bīng jù Xīyù, duó zhī biànshì zhī dì, yǐ hòu qí biàn. Yǐ Hàn zhī qiáng, gōng yú Xiōngnú zhī zhòng, ruò yǐ qiángnǔ kuì yōngjū.”

前君為先帝畫匈奴之策：「兵據西域，奪之便勢之地，以候其變。以漢之強，攻於匈奴之眾，若以強弩潰癰疽。」

前君为先帝画匈奴之策：「兵据西域，夺之便势之地，以候其变。以汉之强，攻于匈奴之众，若以强弩溃痈疽。」

(historical) Western Regions (historical region west of the Jade Gate along the Silk Road)


達喀爾

/tä³⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² kʰaː³³ jiː¹³/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ nĩ⁵³/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ d͡zĩ⁵³/

/tä³⁵ kʰä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/taːt̚² kʰaː³³ jiː¹³/

/tat̚²⁴⁻² kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ nĩ⁵⁵⁴/

/tat̚⁴⁻³² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ nĩ⁵³/

/tat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ d͡zĩ⁵³/

Dakar (a city, the capital city of Senegal)


哈博羅內

ㄏㄚ ㄅㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄟˋ

ㄏㄚ ㄅㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄋㄟˋ

/xä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/

/xä⁵⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ neɪ̯⁵¹/


基加利

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ li⁵¹/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Kigali (the capital of Rwanda)


蒙羅維亞

ㄇㄥˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄧㄚˋ

ㄇㄥˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄨㄟˊ ㄧㄚˋ

/mɤŋ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ jä⁵¹/

/mɤŋ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ jä⁵¹/


特古西加爾巴

ㄊㄜˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄒㄧ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄦˇ ㄅㄚ

ㄊㄜˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄒㄧ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄦˇ ㄅㄚ

Тэгусицзяэрба

/tʰɤ⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pä⁵⁵/

/tɐk̚² kuː³⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ jiː¹³ paː⁵⁵/

/tɐk̚² kuː³⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵ kaː⁵⁵ jiː¹³ paː⁵⁵/

(Mainland China) Tegucigalpa (a city, the capital city of Honduras)


摩加迪沙

ㄇㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄉㄧˊ ㄕㄚ

ㄇㄛˊ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄉㄧˊ ㄕㄚ

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ti³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ti³⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

(Mainland China, Hong Kong, Singapore) Mogadishu (the capital of Somalia)


路易港

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


路易

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

/lu⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵¹/

A transliteration of the French surname and male given name Louis

A transliteration of the English male given name diminutive Louie


協調世界時

ㄒㄧㄝˊ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄕˊ

ㄒㄧㄝˊ ㄊㄧㄠˊ ㄕˋ ㄐㄧㄝˋ ㄕˊ

Сетяошицзеши

/ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ tʰi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/

Coordinated Universal Time
Coordinated Universal Time


東瀛

ja-r

東瀛(とうえい) (tōei)

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (東瀛):
* → Japanese: 東瀛(とうえい) (tōei)
* → Korean: 동영(東瀛) (dong'yeong)

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ iŋ³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ jɪŋ²¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ iŋ³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ jɪŋ²¹/

汕頭東瀛學校

汕头东瀛学校

《東瀛紀事》

《东瀛纪事》


清新

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ sɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ sin³³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ siŋ³³/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ɕin⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰɪŋ⁵⁵ sɐn⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ sin³³/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sin⁴⁴/

/t͡sʰeŋ³³⁻²³ siŋ³³/

(～區) Qingxin District (district in Qingyuan, Guangdong province, China)


伏爾加河

ㄈㄨˊ ㄦˇ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄏㄜˊ

ㄈㄨˊ ㄦˇ ㄐㄧㄚ ㄏㄜˊ

/fu³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/fʊk̚² jiː¹³ kaː⁵⁵ hɔː³⁵/

/fu³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/fʊk̚² jiː¹³ kaː⁵⁵ hɔː³⁵/

Borrowed from Russian Во́лга (Vólga) + 河 (hé, “river”).


摩訶婆羅多

ㄇㄛˊ ㄏㄜ ㄆㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄉㄨㄛ

ㄇㄛˊ ㄏㄜ ㄆㄛˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄉㄨㄛ

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/mɔː⁵⁵ hɔː⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹ tɔː⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ xɤ⁵⁵ pʰu̯ɔ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ tu̯ɔ⁵⁵/

/mɔː⁵⁵ hɔː⁵⁵ pʰɔː²¹ lɔː²¹ tɔː⁵⁵/

Phonetic borrowing from Sanskrit महाभारत (mahābhārata), from महा (mahā) + भारत (bhārata). Although a full translation appeared much later, the title itself was mentioned in Chinese as late as in the early 20th century, for example, in the novel The Lone Swan (《斷鴻零雁記》) by Su Manshu [1912]. Variant forms existed, such as 摩訶波羅多 used by Lu Xun [1907]. The Chinese characters chosen for their phonetic values were influenced by the phonetics and conventions of Middle Chinese, into which a substantial corpus of Indic-language works were translated, where it would have be reconstructed as 摩訶婆羅多 (MC ma xa ba la ta).


水戶

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹/

/ʂu̯eɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu⁵¹/

Mito (Capital of Ibaraki Prefecture in Japan)


橫濱

Sino-Xenic (橫濱):
* → Vietnamese: Hoành Tân (橫濱)

/xɤŋ³⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/waːŋ²¹ pɐn⁵⁵/

/huãi²⁴⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

/xɤŋ³⁵ pin⁵⁵/

/waːŋ²¹ pɐn⁵⁵/

/huãi²⁴⁻²² pin⁴⁴/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 横浜(よこはま) (Yokohama).

Yokohama (the capital city of Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan)


櫪木

/li⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

/li⁵¹⁻⁵³ mu⁵¹/

The character 栃 is a Japanese-coined character. Since this character does not exist in Chinese, people often substitute with the character 枥, which looks similar.

alternative form of 栃木 (Lìmù, “Tochigi, Japan”)


金澤

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

/t͡ɕin⁵⁵ t͡sɤ³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 金沢(かなざわ) (Kanazawa, literally “golden marsh”).

ja-r

(～市) Kanazawa (the capital city of Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan)


神戶

/ʂən³⁵ xu⁵¹/

/sɐn²¹ wuː²²/

/sin²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔ³³/

/sin²³⁻³³ hɔ³³/

/ʂən³⁵ xu⁵¹/

/sɐn²¹ wuː²²/

/sin²⁴⁻¹¹ hɔ³³/

/sin²³⁻³³ hɔ³³/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 神(こう)戸(べ) (Kōbe).

(～市) Kobe (the capital city of Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan)


甲府

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕi̯ä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Kōfu (a city in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan)


松江

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/soŋ⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/soŋ⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Songjiang (a district and former county of Shanghai and Jiangsu, China)

(～府) (historical) Songjiang (a historical commandery of Jiangsu, China, whose capital was Huating (華亭／华亭) county, or present-day Songjiang district, Shanghai)

Various minor towns and villages named Songjiang in China.

(historical) (～省) Songjiang (a former province of China, now incorporated into Heilongjiang)


松江

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 松(まつ)江(え) (Matsue).

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/soŋ⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

/sʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ²¹ kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻²² kaŋ³³/

/siɔŋ¹³⁻²² kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/siɔŋ²³⁻³³ kaŋ⁴⁴/

/soŋ⁵⁵ kɑ̃²¹/

(～市) Matsue (the capital city of Shimane Prefecture, Japan)


突厥

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (突厥):
* → Japanese: 突厥(とっけつ) (Tokketsu)
* → Korean: 돌궐(突厥) (Dolgwol)
* → Vietnamese: Đột Quyết (突厥)

/tʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/tʰu³⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/tɐt̚² kʰyːt̚³/

/tʰu⁵⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/tʰu³⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵/

/tɐt̚² kʰyːt̚³/

Ultimately from a form which also gave rise to the name Türk (cf. 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (Türük)), but the phonetics are difficult to reconcile.
It has been suggested that this is a transcription of Rouran *türküt, a plural of the Mongolic type, composed of *türk + *-üt (cf. Khalkha Mongolian -үүд (-üüd)) (Pelliot, 1915). Pulleyblank (1965) proposed that this is a direct transcription of Türk.

The Tujue's ancestors were assorted barbarians from Pingliang, surnamed Ashina.

Tūjué zhī xiān, Píngliáng záhú yě, xìng Āshǐnà shì.

突厥之先，平涼雜胡也，姓阿史那氏。

突厥之先，平凉杂胡也，姓阿史那氏。

Turk (collective name for various Turkic ethnic groups)


西亞

/ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/si²⁴⁻¹¹ a²⁴/

/sɛ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ a³³/

/sai⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/sai⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/si²⁴⁻¹¹ a²⁴/

/sɛ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ a³³/

/sai⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/sai⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/sai⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

West Asia (the westernmost geographic region of Asia, which includes Anatolia, the Arabian Peninsula, Iran, the Levant, Mesopotamia, the Sinai Peninsula, and Transcaucasia)


中亞

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ aː³³/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ a²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ a³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ aː³³/

/t͡suŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ a²⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ³³ a³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

Central Asia
Central Asia#English:_Q27275

Central Asia (a landlocked geographic area of continental central Asia comprising Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan)


聯誼

/li̯ɛn³⁵ i⁵¹/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ i³⁵/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ ɡi³³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡi³³/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ i⁵¹/

/li̯ɛn³⁵ i³⁵/

/liɛn²³⁻³³ ɡi³³/

/liɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ɡi³³/

(～村) Lianyi (a village in Zhashan, Caidian district, Wuhan, Hubei, China)


靜岡

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ kɑŋ⁵⁵/

/t͡sɪŋ²² kɔːŋ⁵⁵/

(～市) Shizuoka (the capital city of Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan)


苗族

/mi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡su³⁵/

/miːu̯²¹ t͡sʊk̚²/

/biau²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚⁴/

/biau²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚²⁴/

/biau¹³⁻²² t͡sɔk̚¹²¹/

/biau²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sɔk̚⁴/

/biau²³⁻³³ t͡sɔk̚⁴/

/miɔ²² zoʔ⁴⁴/

/mi̯ɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡su³⁵/

/miːu̯²¹ t͡sʊk̚²/

/biau²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚⁴/

/biau²⁴⁻²² t͡sɔk̚²⁴/

/biau¹³⁻²² t͡sɔk̚¹²¹/

/biau²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sɔk̚⁴/

/biau²³⁻³³ t͡sɔk̚⁴/

/miɔ²² zoʔ⁴⁴/

the Miao ethnic group of China (including Hmong, Hmu, A-Hmao, Qo Xiong, etc.)


邦邦

/pɑŋ⁵⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/pɑŋ⁵⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

Reduplicative diminutive of the first syllable of English BanG Dream!.

zh-reduplicative diminutive

of the first syllable of English <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">BanG Dream!.</i>


綿陽

/mi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/mi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

(～市) Mianyang (a city in Sichuan, China)


袋鼠國

ㄉㄞˋ ㄕㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄉㄞˋ ㄕㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

/taɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/tɔːi̯²² syː³⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/

/taɪ̯⁵¹ ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/tɔːi̯²² syː³⁵ kʷɔːk̚³/


太平公主

ㄊㄞˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄓㄨˇ

ㄊㄞˋ ㄆㄧㄥˊ ㄍㄨㄥ ㄓㄨˇ

Тайпин Гунчжу

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰaːi̯³³ pʰɪŋ²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵/

/tʰaɪ̯⁵¹ pʰiŋ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰaːi̯³³ pʰɪŋ²¹ kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡syː³⁵/

Literally "Princess of Peace". The slang usage is a reanalysis of this expression as "Too-Flat Princess", thus its use in slang to refer to flat-chested woman.

Princess Taiping (665-773), a princess of the Tang Dynasty


法蘭西

→ Manchu: ᡶᠠ
ᠯᠠᠨ
ᠰᡳ (fa lan si)

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/fä⁵¹ län³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/faːt̚³ laːn²¹⁻⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/faːt̚³ laːn²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/huaʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ l̃aŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nɛ⁵⁵/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ lan²⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴/

/huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ lan²⁴⁻²² se³³/

/huat̚³²⁻⁵ lan¹³⁻²² se⁴⁴/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ lan²⁴⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ lan²³⁻³³ se⁴⁴/

/faʔ³³ le⁵⁵ ɕi²¹/

/fä²¹⁴⁻²¹ län³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/fä⁵¹ län³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/faːt̚³ laːn²¹⁻⁵⁵ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/faːt̚³ laːn²¹ sɐi̯⁵⁵/

/huaʔ²⁴⁻³⁵ l̃aŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾nɛ⁵⁵/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ lan²⁴⁻²² se⁴⁴/

/huat̚⁵⁻²⁴ lan²⁴⁻²² se³³/

/huat̚³²⁻⁵ lan¹³⁻²² se⁴⁴/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ lan²⁴⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴/

/huat̚³²⁻⁴ lan²³⁻³³ se⁴⁴/

/faʔ³³ le⁵⁵ ɕi²¹/

2024, 實試雙飛人食譜 溝雪糕變薄荷朱古力味？ 溝咖啡飲竟然加強咖啡味？挑戰直接飲雙飛人 味道如何？醫生提醒飲得多會醉 可以替代酒精消毒 疫情時炒到100蚊 拆解成分之迷, Mill MILK:

Then add some distilled water, mix it through, and what you'd get is that "French peppermint oil".

zoi³ gaa¹ go³ zing¹ lau⁶ seoi², zing² wan⁴ keoi⁵, gam² zau⁶ hai⁶ go² go³ “faat³ laan¹ sai¹ ge³ bok⁶ ho⁴ jau⁴” laak³.

再加個蒸餾水，整勻佢，噉就係嗰個「法蘭西嘅薄荷油」嘞。

再加个蒸馏水，整匀佢，噉就系嗰个「法兰西嘅薄荷油」嘞。

And then slowly fight a naval battle, and at the very end perform a naval landing; let Burgundy take what it wants; if possible, let it all the French provinces.

2022, 欧陆风云4 1300小时萌新的主要国家玩法经验——卡斯蒂利亚篇

Ránhòu mànmàn dǎ hǎizhàn, zuìhòu shàng dǎo, ràng Dàbó suíbiàn chī, zuìhǎo gē zǒu quánbù Fǎlánxī de dìpí.

然後慢慢打海戰，最後上島，讓大勃隨便吃，最好割走全部法蘭西的地皮。

2022, 欧陆风云4 1300小时萌新的主要国家玩法经验——卡斯蒂利亚篇

然后慢慢打海战，最后上岛，让大勃随便吃，最好割走全部法兰西的地皮。

(attributive, dated or poetic) France (a country located primarily in Western Europe)


露西亞

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 露西亞(ロシア) (Roshia), from Russian Росси́я (Rossíja).

/lu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/lu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lou̯²² sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/lɔ²²⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/lɔ⁴¹⁻²² se³³ a³³/

/lɔ²²⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/lɔ³³⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/lɔ³³⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/lu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/lu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lou̯²² sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/lɔ²²⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/lɔ⁴¹⁻²² se³³ a³³/

/lɔ²²⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/lɔ³³⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/lɔ³³⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

Isn't this clearly an officer of the Russian Red Army?

Zhè bùshì míngmíngbáibái de Lùxīyà Hóngjūn jūnguān ma?

這不是明明白白的露西亞紅軍軍官嗎？

这不是明明白白的露西亚红军军官吗？

(dated or Taiwanese Hokkien, Taiwanese Hakka, Northeastern and Jiaoliao Mandarin or ACG) Russia (a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)

GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)


露西亞

/lu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/lu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lou̯²² sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/lɔ²²⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/lɔ⁴¹⁻²² se³³ a³³/

/lɔ²²⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/lɔ³³⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/lɔ³³⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/lu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹/

/lu⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lou̯²² sɐi̯⁵⁵ aː³³/

/lɔ²²⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/lɔ⁴¹⁻²² se³³ a³³/

/lɔ²²⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻²² a⁴⁴/

/lɔ³³⁻¹¹ se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

/lɔ³³⁻²¹ se⁴⁴⁻³³ a⁴⁴/

A transliteration of the English female given name Lucia


德島

/tɤ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tɤ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(～市) Tokushima (a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan)


鹿兒島

/lu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊk̚² jiː²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/lu⁵¹ ˀɤɻ³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/lʊk̚² jiː²¹ tou̯³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 鹿児島 (Kagoshima).

obor

(～縣) Kagoshima (a prefecture in southwestern Japan)

(～市) Kagoshima (the capital city of Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan)


那霸

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pä⁵¹/

/naː¹³ paː³³/

/nä⁵¹⁻⁵³ pä⁵¹/

/naː¹³ paː³³/

(～市) Naha (a city in Okinawa Prefecture, Japan)


臺中

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰoi̯¹¹ t͡suŋ²⁴/

/tai²⁴⁻²² tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai²⁴⁻²² tiɔŋ³³/

/tai¹³⁻²² tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai²³⁻³³ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰɔːi̯²¹ t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵/

/tʰoi̯¹¹ t͡suŋ²⁴/

/tai²⁴⁻²² tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai²⁴⁻²² tiɔŋ³³/

/tai¹³⁻²² tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai²⁴⁻¹¹ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

/tai²³⁻³³ tiɔŋ⁴⁴/

Officially, with the creation of Japanese 臺(たい)中(ちゅう)縣(けん) (Taichū-ken) in March 1896.

(～市) Taichung (special municipality of Taiwan)

(～市) (historical) Taichung City (former provincial city of Taiwan)

(～縣) (historical) Taichung County (a former county of Taiwan)


土衛一

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ weɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ i⁵⁵⁻⁵¹/


車里雅賓斯克

ㄔㄜ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˇ ㄅㄧㄣ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄔㄜ ㄌㄧˇ ㄧㄚˇ ㄅㄧㄣ ㄙ ㄎㄜˋ

Чэлиябиньсыкэ

/ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵⁵ li²¹⁴⁻³⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ pin⁵⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

(～州) Chelyabinsk (an oblast of Russia, near the Ural Mountains)

Chelyabinsk (a city, the administrative center of Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia)


中國共產黨

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄔㄢˇ ㄉㄤˇ

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄔㄢˇ ㄉㄤˇ

Чжунго Гунчаньдан

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵ kʊŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰän²¹⁴⁻³⁵ tɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔːk̚³ kʊŋ²² t͡sʰaːn³⁵ tɔːŋ³⁵/

/t͡suŋ²⁴ ku̯et̚² kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ san³¹ toŋ³¹/

/tyŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾ŋuɔʔ²⁴ kyŋ²⁴²⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾naŋ³³⁻³⁵ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nouŋ³³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ san⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ⁵³/

/tiɔŋ³³ kɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² san⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔŋ⁵⁵⁴/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ san⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ⁵³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ san⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ⁵³/

/tiɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ san⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔŋ⁴¹/

/toŋ³³⁻²³ kok̚²⁻⁴ kaŋ¹¹ sũã⁵²⁻³⁵ taŋ⁵²⁻²¹/

/t͡suŋ²⁴ ku̯et̚² kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ san³¹ toŋ³¹/

Communist Party of China (CPC); Chinese Communist Party (CCP)


基隆

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (基隆):
* → Vietnamese: Cơ Long (基隆)

→ English: Keelung, Jilong

→ Japanese: 基隆 (キールン, Kīrun)

→ Korean: 지룽(基隆) (jirung)

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kei̯⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/kie⁵⁵ l̃øyŋ⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²⁴/

/ki³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/ki⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

/ki⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/

/ki⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/ki⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ¹³/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ loŋ²¹/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ lʊŋ³⁵/

/kei̯⁵⁵ lʊŋ²¹/

/kie⁵⁵ l̃øyŋ⁵³/

/ke⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²³/

/kue⁴⁴⁻³³ laŋ²⁴/

/ki³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/ki⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²³/

/ki⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ²⁴/

/ki⁴⁴⁻³³ liɔŋ²⁴/

/ki⁴⁴⁻²² liɔŋ¹³/

/t͡ɕi⁵⁵ loŋ²¹/

Homophonous replacement for 雞籠／鸡笼 (Ke-lâng, Koe-lâng) from 1875; intended to convey the meaning 基地昌隆 ('prosperous place').


視窗

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/siː²² t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/

/siː²² t͡sʰœːŋ⁵⁵/

操作系統 操作系統#Chinese

作業系統 作業系統#Chinese

(～操作系統, ～作業系統) (dated) Microsoft Windows

微軟視窗 微軟視窗#Chinese

微软视窗 微软视窗#Chinese

short for 微軟視窗／微软视窗 (“Microsoft Windows”)


國語羅馬字

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄩˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄚˇ ㄗˋ

ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄩˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄚˇ ㄗˋ

Гоюй Ломацзы

/ku̯ɔ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sz̩⁵¹/

/kʷɔːk̚³ jyː¹³ lɔː²¹ maː¹³ t͡siː²²/

/kʷɔːk̚³ jyː¹³ lɔː²¹ maː¹³ t͡siː²²/


八國聯軍

ㄅㄚ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄩㄣ

ㄅㄚ ㄍㄨㄛˊ ㄌㄧㄢˊ ㄐㄩㄣ

Баго Ляньцзюнь

/pä⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/paːt̚³ kʷɔːk̚³ lyːn²¹ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/poiʔ²⁻⁴ kok̚²⁻⁴ lieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kuŋ³³/

pah^入 koh li^去 ciuin; pah^入 koh li^去 cion

/paʔ³³ koʔ⁴⁴ li²² t͡ɕyn⁴⁴/

/paʔ³³ koʔ⁴⁴ li²² t͡ɕioŋ⁴⁴/

/pä⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/paːt̚³ kʷɔːk̚³ lyːn²¹ kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/poiʔ²⁻⁴ kok̚²⁻⁴ lieŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kuŋ³³/

/paʔ³³ koʔ⁴⁴ li²² t͡ɕyn⁴⁴/

/paʔ³³ koʔ⁴⁴ li²² t͡ɕioŋ⁴⁴/

Eight-Nation Alliance (multi-national military coalition that invaded North China in 1900)


淮河

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/waːi̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

/huai²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/

/xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ xɤ³⁵/

/waːi̯²¹ hɔː²¹/

/huai²³⁻³³ hɤ²³/

(～鎮) Huaihe (a town in Sui, Suizhou, Hubei, China)


歐羅巴

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/ɐu̯⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ paː⁵⁵/

/ɛu⁵⁵ l̃o⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βa⁵⁵/

/au⁴⁴⁻³³ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ pa⁴⁴/

/au⁴⁴⁻²² lo¹³⁻²² pa⁴⁴/

/au³³ lo²⁴⁻²² pa³³/

/au⁴⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² pa⁴⁴/

/au⁴⁴⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ pa⁴⁴/

/o³³ lo²⁴⁻²² pa³³/

/ˀoʊ̯⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ pä⁵⁵/

/ɐu̯⁵⁵ lɔː²¹ paː⁵⁵/

/ɛu⁵⁵ l̃o⁵³⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ᵖ⁻⁾βa⁵⁵/

/au⁴⁴⁻³³ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ pa⁴⁴/

/au⁴⁴⁻²² lo¹³⁻²² pa⁴⁴/

/au³³ lo²⁴⁻²² pa³³/

/au⁴⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² pa⁴⁴/

/au⁴⁴⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ pa⁴⁴/

/o³³ lo²⁴⁻²² pa³³/

Formerly written as 歐邏巴／欧逻巴, which is borrowed from Latin Europa and first attested in Kunyu Wanguo Quantu [1602] by Matteo Ricci.

(Greek mythology) Europa (several characters, most notably a Phoenician princess abducted to Crete by Zeus)

A spectre is haunting Europe – the spectre of communism.

Karl Marx (馬克思), Friedrich Engels (恩格斯) (1848) Bo Gu (博古 (bógǔ)), transl., 《共產黨宣言》 [The Communist Manifesto], 中原新華書店, published 1949, page 12

Yīge yōulíng zài Ōuluóbā zhízhú zhe — gòngchǎnzhǔyì de yōulíng.

一個幽靈在歐羅巴躑躅著——共產主義底幽靈。

一个幽灵在欧罗巴踯躅着——共产主义底幽灵。

(～洲) (dated) Europe (a continent located west of Asia and north of Africa)


英聯邦

/iŋ⁵⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ lyːn²¹ pɔːŋ⁵⁵/

/iŋ⁵⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵ pɑŋ⁵⁵/

/jɪŋ⁵⁵ lyːn²¹ pɔːŋ⁵⁵/

Commonwealth of Nations
Commonwealth of Nations

British Commonwealth
British Commonwealth

(Mainland China, Hong Kong) Commonwealth of Nations; British Commonwealth


桑塔利語

ㄙㄤ ㄊㄚˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄩˇ

ㄙㄤ ㄊㄚˇ ㄌㄧˋ ㄩˇ

/sɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/sɑŋ⁵⁵ tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ li⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


阿姐

/ˀä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ t͡sɛː³⁵⁻⁵⁵/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sia⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sia⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sia⁵³/

/a³³⁻²³ t͡se⁵²/

/aʔ³³ t͡ɕia⁴⁴/

/aʔ³³ t͡ɕi⁴⁴/

/aʔ⁵⁵ t͡siɑ⁵¹/

/ˀä⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ t͡sɛː³⁵⁻⁵⁵/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² t͡sia⁵³/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sia⁴¹/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ t͡sia⁵³/

/a³³⁻²³ t͡se⁵²/

/aʔ³³ t͡ɕia⁴⁴/

/aʔ³³ t͡ɕi⁴⁴/

/aʔ⁵⁵ t͡siɑ⁵¹/

/aː³³ t͡sɛː³⁵/

/aː³³ t͡sɛː³⁵/


白軍

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/paːk̚² kʷɐn⁵⁵/

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕyn⁵⁵/

/paːk̚² kʷɐn⁵⁵/

White Army; White Guard; White Movement (anti-communist troops fighting against the Bolsheviks during the Russian Civil War (1917-1922))


白區

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/paːk̚² kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

/paɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵/

/paːk̚² kʰɵy̯⁵⁵/

(historical) White Area (the area controlled by the Kuomintang during the Second Revolutionary Civil War (1927-1937))


白色恐怖

ㄅㄞˊ ㄙㄜˋ ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄅㄨˋ

ㄅㄞˊ ㄙㄜˋ ㄎㄨㄥˇ ㄅㄨˋ

/paɪ̯³⁵ sɤ⁵¹ kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

/paːk̚² sɪk̚⁵ hʊŋ³⁵ pou̯³³/

/paɪ̯³⁵ sɤ⁵¹ kʰʊŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ pu⁵¹/

/paːk̚² sɪk̚⁵ hʊŋ³⁵ pou̯³³/

(historical) White Terror (the suppression of political dissidents in Taiwan by the Kuomintang (1949–1987))

the erosion of democratic freedoms in Hong Kong under Chinese rule


南投

/nän³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/naːm²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nau⁵³/

/lam¹³⁻²² tɔ¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴/

/nän³⁵ tʰoʊ̯³⁵/

/naːm²¹ tʰɐu̯²¹/

/nˡaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾nau⁵³/

/lam¹³⁻²² tɔ¹³/

/lam²⁴⁻²² tɔ²⁴/

(～縣) Nantou (a county in central Taiwan)

(～市) Nantou (city in Nantou, central Taiwan)


花蓮

Sino-Xenic (花蓮 /花莲 (Huālián)):
* → Japanese: 花蓮(かれん) (Karen)
* → Vietnamese: Hoa Liên (花蓮)

→ English: Hualien, Hualian, Hua-lien

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵/

/hua⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²³/

/hua⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²⁴/

/hua⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn⁴⁴/

/hue⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn⁴⁴/

/xu̯ä⁵⁵ li̯ɛn³⁵/

/hua⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²³/

/hua⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn²⁴/

/hua⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn⁴⁴/

/hue⁴⁴⁻³³ liɛn⁴⁴/

Shortened from Japanese 花(か)蓮(れん)港(こう) (Karenkō), from Hokkien 洄瀾／洄澜 (Hôe-liân) during Qing-era settlement in 1851. Formerly named 奇萊／奇莱 (Kî-lâi), referring to the Sakiraya Taiwanese aborigines and their settlement.

zh-m

奇萊／奇莱 (Kî-lâi)

(～縣) Hualien County (a county on the east coast of Taiwan)

(～市) Hualien City (city in Hualien County, Taiwan)


黃花

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/ɦuɑ̃²² ho⁴⁴/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ xu̯ɑɻ⁵⁵/

/wɔːŋ²¹ faː⁵⁵/

/ɦuɑ̃²² ho⁴⁴/

(～鎮, formerly ～鄉) Huanghua (a town in Yiling district, Yichang, Hubei, China, formerly a township)


龜茲

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩³⁵/

/kʰɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/kɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩³⁵/

/kʰɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/

/kɐu̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰiː²¹/

First attested in the Book of Han, written in the 2nd century. Apparently corresponds to the endonym of the historical Kucha in Tocharian B *Kuśi, attested in the genitive Kuśiñ and adjective kuśiññe (“pertaining to *Kuśi”), or its more archaic variant (see Adams, 2013, which reconstructs the Proto-Tocharian *kući(ye) proto-form for the adjective). Cf. Niya Prakrit 𐨐𐨂𐨕𐨁𐨪𐨗𐨎𐨨𐨁 (kucirajaṃmi, “kingdom of Kuci”). Adams (ibid.) suggests further etymology from Proto-Indo-European *ḱewk- (“shining, white”).

cog

(historical) Kucha or Kuchar (an ancient Central Asian city-state that flourished in the first millennium AD, located in modern day Aksu, Xinjiang)


民委

/min³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/min³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Short for 民族事物委員會／民族事物委员会 (mínzú shìwù wěiyuánhuì).

zh-etym-short

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

State Ethnic Affairs Commission (of the People's Republic of China)


勃牙利

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ jä³⁵ li⁵¹/

/pu̯ɔ³⁵ jä³⁵ li⁵¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 勃牙利(ブルガリア) (Burugaria).

(obsolete) Bulgaria (a country in Europe)


迪士尼

/ti³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ni³⁵/

/tɪk̚² siː²² nei̯²¹/

/diɪʔ¹¹ zz̩²² n̠ʲi²³/

/ti³⁵ ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ni³⁵/

/tɪk̚² siː²² nei̯²¹/

/diɪʔ¹¹ zz̩²² n̠ʲi²³/

迪士尼樂園 迪士尼樂園#Chinese

迪士尼乐园 迪士尼乐园#Chinese

short for 迪士尼樂園／迪士尼乐园 (Díshìní lèyuán, “Disneyland Park; Disneyland”)


民樂

(～縣) Minle (a county of Zhangye, Gansu, China)


亞細亞

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (亞細亞):
* → Japanese: 亜細亜(アジア) (ajia)
* → Korean: 아세아(亞細亞) (asea)
* → Vietnamese: Á Tế Á (亞細亞)

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ sɐi̯³³ aː³³/

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ se⁵⁵ a²⁴/

/a³³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lɛ²¹³⁻⁵³ a³³/

/a³³ se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ a³³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² se²¹⁻⁵³ a⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ se²¹⁻⁴¹ a⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ sue¹¹⁻⁵³ a⁴⁴/

/jä⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕi⁵¹⁻⁵³ jä⁵¹/

/jä²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵¹ jä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ sɐi̯³³ aː³³/

/a²⁴⁻¹¹ se⁵⁵ a²⁴/

/a³³⁻²¹ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾lɛ²¹³⁻⁵³ a³³/

/a³³ se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ a³³/

/a⁴⁴⁻²² se²¹⁻⁵³ a⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ se²¹⁻⁴¹ a⁴⁴/

/a⁴⁴⁻³³ sue¹¹⁻⁵³ a⁴⁴/

Borrowed from Latin Asia, from Ancient Greek Ἀσία (Asía); first attested in Kunyu Wanguo Quantu [1602] by Matteo Ricci.

Yīn qí dì jū sān dà zhōu zhī zhōng, fán Yàxìyà, Ōuluóbā, Lìwèiyà zhī fùshāng dàgǔ duō jù cǐ dì.

因其地居三大州之中，凡亞細亞、歐邏巴、利未亞之富商大賈多聚此地。

因其地居三大州之中，凡亚细亚、欧逻巴、利未亚之富商大贾多聚此地。

(dated) Asia (the largest continent, located between Europe and the Pacific Ocean)

And this continued by the space of two years; so that all they which dwelt in Asia heard the word of the Lord Jesus, both Jews and Greeks.

新標點和合本 (Chinese Union Version with New Punctuation), 使徒行傳 (Acts) 19:10

Zhèyàng yǒu liǎng nián zhī jiǔ, jiào yīqiè zhù zài Yàxìyà de, wúlùn shì yóutàirén, shì xīlàrén, dōu tīngjiàn Zhǔ de dào.

這樣有兩年之久，叫一切住在亞細亞的，無論是猶太人，是希臘人，都聽見主的道。

这样有两年之久，叫一切住在亚细亚的，无论是犹太人，是希腊人，都听见主的道。

(historical) Asia (an ancient province of the Roman Empire in modern western Turkey, existing between 133 BC (during the Roman Republic) and the 7th century AD)


廣韻

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ yn⁵¹/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ wɐn²²/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ wɐn¹³/

/kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ un²²/

/kɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ un⁴¹/

/kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ un²²/

/kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ un³³/

/kɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ un³³/

/kuaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ uŋ¹¹/

/ku̯ɑŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹ yn⁵¹/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ wɐn²²/

/kʷɔːŋ³⁵ wɐn¹³/

/kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ un²²/

/kɔŋ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ un⁴¹/

/kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ un²²/

/kɔŋ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ un³³/

/kɔŋ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ un³³/

/kuaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ uŋ¹¹/

Guangyun (a Song rhyming dictionary, a revised and expanded edition of Qieyun)


切韻

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiːt̚³ wɐn²²/

/t͡sʰiːt̚³ wɐn¹³/

/t͡sʰieʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ ouŋ²⁴²/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ un²²/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ un⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ un²²/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ un³³/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ un³³/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹⁻⁵³ yn⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiːt̚³ wɐn²²/

/t͡sʰiːt̚³ wɐn¹³/

/t͡sʰieʔ²⁴⁻⁵⁵ ouŋ²⁴²/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ un²²/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚⁵⁻²⁴ un⁴¹/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁵ un²²/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ un³³/

/t͡sʰiɛt̚³²⁻⁴ un³³/


二十八宿

ㄦˋ ㄕˊ ㄅㄚ ㄒㄧㄡˋ

ㄦˋ ㄕˊ ㄅㄚ ㄒㄧㄡˋ

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ pä⁵⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

/ˀɤɻ⁵¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵ pä⁵⁵ ɕi̯oʊ̯⁵¹/

(astronomy) the Twenty-Eight Mansions (a part of the Chinese constellations system, composed of 28 constellations divided into four regions—the Four Symbols (四象).)

朱雀22 井宿23 鬼宿24 柳宿25 星宿26 張宿

Vermilion Bird; Well; Ghost; Willow; Star; Extended Net; Wings; Chariot

玄武10 女宿11 虛宿

Black Tortoise; Girl; Emptiness; Rooftop; Encampment; Wall; Dipper; Ox

白虎15 奎宿16 婁宿

White Tiger; Legs; Bond; Stomach; Hairy Head; Net; Turtle Beak; Three Stars

青龍

Azure Dragon; Horn; Neck; Root; Room; Heart; Tail; Winnowing Basket


赫茲

/xɤ⁵¹ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/

/xɤ⁵¹ t͡sz̩⁵⁵/


海灣

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ wän⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ uan³³/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ ueŋ³³/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ uaŋ³³/

/xaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ wän⁵⁵/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ waːn⁵⁵/

/hai⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ uan³³/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ ueŋ³³/

/hai⁵²⁻³⁵ uaŋ³³/


嘉定

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ tɪŋ²²/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵¹/

/kaː⁵⁵ tɪŋ²²/

(～區, formerly ～縣) Jiading (a district and former county of Shanghai, China)

(～鎮街道, formerly ～鎮) Jiading (a subdistrict and former town in Jiading district, Shanghai, China)

(～府) (historical) Jiading, a former name of Leshan (樂山／乐山 (Lèshān)), Sichuan.

(historical) Gia Định, a former name of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

(～省) (historical) Gia Định, a former province of Vietnam around Ho Chi Minh City.


通道

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tou̯²²/

/tʰɔŋ³³ to⁴¹/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² to²²/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tɤ³³/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ to³³/

/tʰɔŋ³³ tɔ⁴¹/

/tʰoŋ³³⁻²³ tau³⁵/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ tou̯²²/

/tʰɔŋ³³ to⁴¹/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻²² to²²/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tɤ³³/

/tʰɔŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ to³³/

/tʰɔŋ³³ tɔ⁴¹/

/tʰoŋ³³⁻²³ tau³⁵/

侗族自治縣 侗族自治縣#Chinese

(～侗族自治縣, ～縣) Tongdao County (an autonomous county of Huaihua, Hunan, China)


面癱

/mi̯ɛn⁵¹ tʰän⁵⁵/

/mi̯ɛn⁵¹ tʰän⁵⁵/

(Internet slang, humorous, derogatory, sarcastic) Hu Jintao


摩羯

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/mɔː⁵⁵ kʰiːt̚³/

/mɔ̃²³⁻³³ kiɛt̚³²/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɛt̚³²/

/mu̯ɔ³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

/mɔː⁵⁵ kʰiːt̚³/

/mɔ̃²³⁻³³ kiɛt̚³²/

/mɔ̃²⁴⁻¹¹ kiɛt̚³²/

摩羯座


阿德萊德

ㄚ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄞˊ ㄉㄜˊ

ㄚ ㄉㄜˊ ㄌㄞˊ ㄉㄜˊ

/ˀä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/aː³³ tɐk̚⁵ lɔːi̯²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

/ˀä⁵⁵ tɤ³⁵ laɪ̯³⁵ tɤ³⁵/

/aː³³ tɐk̚⁵ lɔːi̯²¹ tɐk̚⁵/

A transliteration of the English female given name Adelaide

Adelaide (a city in South Australia, Australia)


紹興

→ English: Shao-hsing, Shaoxing

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/siːu̯²² hɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sieu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾iŋ⁵⁵/

/siau²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau⁴¹⁻²² hiɪŋ³³/

/siau²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau³³⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau³³⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/zɔ²² ɕin⁴⁴/

/ʂɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/siːu̯²² hɪŋ⁵⁵/

/sieu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾iŋ⁵⁵/

/siau²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau⁴¹⁻²² hiɪŋ³³/

/siau²²⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau³³⁻¹¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/siau³³⁻²¹ hiɪŋ⁴⁴/

/zɔ²² ɕin⁴⁴/

(～市) Shaoxing (a prefecture-level city in eastern Zhejiang, China)


越城

/ɥɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

(～區) "Yue City District", the downtown area of Shaoxing municipality corresponding to the former Yue and imperial Chinese city of Kuaiji.


上城

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²² sɪŋ²¹/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰɤŋ³⁵/

/sœːŋ²² sɪŋ²¹/

Shangcheng District
w:Shangcheng District

Shangcheng District (a district of Hangzhou, which includes the sites of the imperial Chinese cities of Qiantang and Lin'an)


臨安

/lin³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/lɐm²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

/lin³⁵ ˀän⁵⁵/

/lɐm²¹ ɔːn⁵⁵/

(historical) Lin'an (former name of Hangzhou during the time when it was the capital of the Song dynasty)

(～區) Lin'an (a district of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China)


西府

/ɕi⁵⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ɕi⁵⁵ fu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

(historical) Xifu, a former name of Hangzhou in Zhejiang during the time it served as the capital of the 10th-century Wuyue Kingdom.


澎湖群島

ㄆㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄆㄥˊ ㄏㄨˊ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

Пэнху Цюньдао

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ xu³⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰaːŋ²¹ wuː²¹ kʷʰɐn²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/pʰaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋu⁵³ kuŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾no³³/

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ xu³⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰaːŋ²¹ wuː²¹ kʷʰɐn²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/pʰaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋu⁵³ kuŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ᵗ⁻⁾no³³/


澎湖

Sino-Xenic (澎湖):
* → Japanese: 澎(ほう)湖(こ) (Hōko)
* → Korean: 팽호(澎湖) (Paengho)

→ English: Penghu, P'eng-hu

→ Korean: 펑후 (Peonghu)

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/pʰaːŋ²¹ wuː²¹/

/pʰaŋ¹¹ fu¹¹/

/pʰaŋ⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/pʰaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋu⁵³/

/pʰɒŋ¹³⁻¹¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋɔu¹³/

/pʰɒŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋɔu²⁴/

/pʰẽ²³⁻³³ ɔ²³/

/pʰɛ̃¹³⁻²² ɔ¹³/

/pʰĩ²⁴⁻²² ɔ²⁴/

/pʰĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɔ²⁴/

/pʰẽ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ou⁵⁵/

/pʰẽ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hu⁵⁵/

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ xu³⁵/

/pʰaːŋ²¹ wuː²¹/

/pʰaŋ¹¹ fu¹¹/

/pʰaŋ⁵⁵ fu⁵⁵/

/pʰaŋ⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋu⁵³/

/pʰɒŋ¹³⁻¹¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋɔu¹³/

/pʰɒŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋɔu²⁴/

/pʰẽ²³⁻³³ ɔ²³/

/pʰɛ̃¹³⁻²² ɔ¹³/

/pʰĩ²⁴⁻²² ɔ²⁴/

/pʰĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ ɔ²⁴/

/pʰẽ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ ou⁵⁵/

/pʰẽ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hu⁵⁵/

2007, “澎湖戀歌”performed by 詹雅雯 [Chan Ya-wen]:

The Pescadores, the name of my hometown, the most beautiful name of my hometown

Phêⁿ-ô͘, kò͘-hiong ê miâ, kò͘-hiong siōng súi ê miâ

澎湖 故鄉的名 故鄉尚美的名

澎湖 故乡的名 故乡尚美的名

2009, “甲你當做寶”, 陳明陽 (lyrics), performed by 七郎:

If you want to have fun in the outer islands, let's cross over to the Pescadores by boat

Kóng beh gōa-tó chhit-thô chē chûn kòe Phîⁿ-ô͘

講欲外島𨑨迌坐船過澎湖

讲欲外岛𨑨迌坐船过澎湖

(～島, ～本島) Penghu Island (the largest island of the Pescadores Islands)

(～縣) Penghu (a county of the Republic of China)

(～水道) Pescadores Channel (between the Pescadores Islands and Taiwan)


澎湖島

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ xu³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/pʰɤŋ³⁵ xu³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Penghu Island, the largest of the Pescadores archipelago in the Taiwan Strait.


東沙群島

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄕㄚ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄕㄚ ㄑㄩㄣˊ ㄉㄠˇ

Дунша Цюньдао

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵ kʷʰɐn²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sua⁴⁴⁻³³ kun²³⁻³³ tɤ⁴¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰyn³⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵ kʷʰɐn²¹ tou̯³⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sua⁴⁴⁻³³ kun²³⁻³³ tɤ⁴¹/

Pratas Islands (administered by Cijin (Qijin) District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan)


東沙

→ English: Dongsha, Tungsha

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sua⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sua⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sua⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sua⁴⁴/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂä⁵⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ saː⁵⁵/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sua⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻²² sua⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sua⁴⁴/

/taŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ sua⁴⁴/

Pratas, an atoll in the South China Sea administered by Cijin, Kaohsiung, Republic of China (Taiwan)

(～島) Pratas, Tungsha or Dongsha Island, on the main atoll administered by Cijin, Kaohsiung, Republic of China (Taiwan)

(historical) Dongsha Island, one of the chief shoals which formed modern Chongming Island in northern Shanghai


綠島

→ English: Green Island

/ly⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/liɪk̚⁴⁻³² tɤ⁴¹/

/ly⁵¹ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/liɪk̚⁴⁻³² tɤ⁴¹/

Green Island (an island southeast of Taiwan Island)

(～鄉) Lyudao (a township in Taitung County, Taiwan, administering the island)


火燒島

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔː³⁵ siːu̯⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tɤ⁴¹/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ tɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔː³⁵ siːu̯⁵⁵ tou̯³⁵/

/hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ tɤ⁴¹/

(historical) former name of 綠島 /绿岛 (Lǜdǎo): Green Island, Taiwan


火燒嶼

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔː³⁵ siːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sɵy̯²²/

/hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ su³³/

/xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂɑʊ̯⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fɔː³⁵ siːu̯⁵⁵ t͡sɵy̯²²/

/hue⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ siɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ su³³/

(historical) Alternative name for 火燒島／火烧岛 (Huǒshāo Dǎo, “Bonfire Island; Green Island”).


田洋

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ jɑŋ³⁵/

/t͡sʰɛŋ¹³⁻¹¹ ^((Ø-))ŋieu¹³/

/t͡sʰɛŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋiu²⁴/

/t͡sʰan²⁴⁻²² iũ²⁴/

/t͡sʰan¹³⁻²² iɔ̃¹³/

/t͡sʰɛŋ¹³⁻¹¹ ^((Ø-))ŋieu¹³/

/t͡sʰɛŋ²⁴⁻²¹ ^((Ø-))ŋiu²⁴/

/t͡sʰan²⁴⁻²² iũ²⁴/

/t͡sʰan¹³⁻²² iɔ̃¹³/

Tianyang, a dormant volcano on southern China's Leizhou Peninsula.


鷹峰嶺

/iŋ⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/iŋ⁵⁵ fɤŋ⁵⁵ liŋ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

Yingfengling, a dormant volcano on southern China's Leizhou Peninsula.


曲界

/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰy⁵⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵¹/

(～鎮) Qujie, a town on southern China's Leizhou Peninsula.


鏡泊湖

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ xu³⁵/

/t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹ pʰu̯ɔ⁵⁵ xu³⁵/

Lake Jingpo, a lake on the Mudan River in northern China.


南山

/nän³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/nän³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(Internet slang) an alternative name for Tencent, literally "the undefeatable one (in court) in the Nanshan District"

南山必勝客

南山必胜客

(～區) Nanshan (a district of Shenzhen, Guangdong, China)

(～區) Nanshan (a district of Hegang, Heilongjiang, China)

(～區) Nanshan (a county-controlled district in Zhuolu, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China)

Nanshan (various towns, townships, and subdistricts of China)

Nanshan (a dormant volcano in northeastern China's Keluo volcanic field)

Namsan (various hills and mountains of Korea)

(～洞) Namsan-dong (a neighbourhood of Jung district, Seoul, South Korea)

(～洞) Namsan-dong (a neighbourhood of Geumjeong district, Busan, South Korea)

(historical) Nanzan (a former kingdom on Okinawa island)

南山大学 南山大学#Chinese

short for 南山大学: Nanzan University in Nagoya, Japan

(uncommon) Alternative name for 祁連山／祁连山 (Qílián Shān, “Qilian Mountains, a range between Gansu and Qinghai south of the Hexi Corridor”).

祁連山

(uncommon) Alternative name for 終南山／终南山 (Zhōngnán Shān, “Zhongnan Mountains, a range south of Xi'an in Shaanxi”).

終南山

(obsolete) Old name for 廬山／庐山 (Lúshān, “Mount Lu (prior to the Song dynasty)”).


孤山

/ku⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/ku⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

(～鎮) Gushan (name of various towns in China)

Gushan (a mountain in Jingjiang, Jiangsu, China)

Gushan (an island of West Lake, Hangzhou)

Gushan, a dormant volcano in northeastern China's Keluo volcanic field.


聖母峰

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ mou̯¹³ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

/ʂɤŋ⁵¹ mu²¹⁴⁻²¹ fɤŋ⁵⁵/

/sɪŋ³³ mou̯¹³ fʊŋ⁵⁵/

Calque of Tibetan ཇོ་མོ་གླང་མ (jo mo glang ma, “Holy Mother”) + 峰 (fēng, “peak”).

calque

珠穆朗瑪峰 珠穆朗瑪峰#Chinese

珠穆朗玛峰 珠穆朗玛峰#Chinese

Alternative name for 珠穆朗瑪峰／珠穆朗玛峰 (Zhūmùlǎngmǎ Fēng).


雁蕩山

/jɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑŋ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

/jɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑŋ⁵¹ ʂän⁵⁵/

Mount Yandang, in Zhejiang province, China

Yandang Mountains, the range surrounding it


雁蕩

/jɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑŋ⁵¹/

/jɛn⁵¹⁻⁵³ tɑŋ⁵¹/

(～鎮) Yandang (a town in Yueqing, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China)


天台山

Тяньтай Шань

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Mount Tiantai (a mountain in Zhejiang, important in East Asian Buddhism)


天臺山

Тяньтай Шань

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ tʰaɪ̯³⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Mount Tiantai:
A mountain in Penghu, Taiwan

Mount Tiantai:
a mountain in Chengdu, Sichuan

Mount Tiantai:
A mountain in Baoji, Shaanxi

Mount Tiantai:
A mountain in Anshun, Guizhou

Mount Tiantai:
A mountain in Rizhao, Shandong

Mount Tiantai:
A mountain in Xinyang, Henan

Mount Tiantai:
A mountain in Xingtai, Hebei

Mount Tiantai:
A mountain in Changzhi, Shanxi

Mount Tiantai:
A mountain in Hong'an, Hubei


莫干山

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ kän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

/mu̯ɔ⁵¹ kän⁵⁵ ʂän⁵⁵/

Named after 莫邪 (Mòyé) and 干將 (Gānjiāng), two legendary southern swordsmiths during China's Spring and Autumn Period.


黃茅尖

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄇㄠˊ ㄐㄧㄢ

ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄇㄠˊ ㄐㄧㄢ

Хуанмао Цзянь

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ mɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

/xu̯ɑŋ³⁵ mɑʊ̯³⁵ t͡ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵/

Huangmao Peak, an ultra-prominent mountain in Zhejiang, China


南雲

An orthographic borrowing of the Japanese surname 南雲, Nagumo


馬尾

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ma³³⁻³⁵ mui³³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bue⁴¹/

/bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ bue⁴⁴⁵/

/be⁵²⁻³⁵ bue⁵²⁻²¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ weɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/ma³³⁻³⁵ mui³³/

/be⁵³⁻⁴⁴ be⁵³/

/be⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ bue⁴¹/

/bɛ⁴⁴⁵⁻³³ bue⁴⁴⁵/

/be⁵²⁻³⁵ bue⁵²⁻²¹/

(～區) Mawei (a district of Fuzhou, Fujian, China)


強國

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/kʰœːŋ²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/*ɡaŋ kʷɯːɡ/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/kʰœːŋ²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/*ɡaŋ kʷɯːɡ/

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

(chiefly Hong Kong Cantonese, sarcastic) People's Republic of China; China


前衛

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹ wɐi̯²²/

/t͡siɛn¹³⁻²² ue²²/

/t͡siɛn²³⁻³³ ue³³/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ue³³/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻²² ue⁴¹/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻²² ue²²/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ui³³/

/t͡siɛn²³⁻³³ ui³³/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵ weɪ̯⁵¹/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹ wɐi̯²²/

/t͡siɛn¹³⁻²² ue²²/

/t͡siɛn²³⁻³³ ue³³/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ue³³/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻²² ue⁴¹/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻²² ue²²/

/t͡siɛn²⁴⁻¹¹ ui³³/

/t͡siɛn²³⁻³³ ui³³/

(～鎮) Qianwei (a town in Lantian, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China)


愛新覺羅

ㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

ㄞˋ ㄒㄧㄣ ㄐㄩㄝˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ

Айсиньцзюэло

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ sɐn⁵⁵ kɔːk̚³ lɔː²¹/

/ˀaɪ̯⁵¹ ɕin⁵⁵ t͡ɕy̯ɛ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵/

/ɔːi̯³³ sɐn⁵⁵ kɔːk̚³ lɔː²¹/

Borrowed from Manchu ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠨ
ᡤᡳᠣᡵᠣ (aisin gioro), the “gold” family (Aisin) of the Yilan (Gioro) clan of the Jianzhou Jurchens.

ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠨ ᡤᡳᠣᡵᠣ
ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠨ ᡤᡳᠣᡵᠣ#Manchu

(historical) A transliteration of the Manchu surname ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠨ

ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠨ ᡤᡳᠣᡵᠣ
ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠨ ᡤᡳᠣᡵᠣ#Manchu

A transliteration of the Manchu surname ᠠᡳᠰᡳᠨ
ᡤᡳᠣᡵᠣ (aisin gioro, “Aisin Gioro”), the Manchu family which established and ruled China's Qing dynasty.


漢口

→ English: Hankou, Han-k'ou, Hankow

/xän⁵¹ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn³³ hɐu̯³⁵/

/han²¹⁻⁵³ kʰau⁵³/

/xän⁵¹ kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn³³ hɐu̯³⁵/

/han²¹⁻⁵³ kʰau⁵³/

From its position at the Han River's confluence with the Yangtze.

(～市) (historical) Hankou (a former city in Hubei, China, now part of Wuhan)

(informal) The northern area of Wuhan in the area of the former city, including the present-day districts of Jiang'an, Jianghan, and Qiaokou.


巴厘

(Mainland China) (～島) Bali (an island of Indonesia)

(Mainland China) (～省) Bali (a province of Indonesia)


濟州

→ English: Chi-chou, Jizhou

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siu³³/

/t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/

/t͡sɐi̯³³ t͡sɐu̯⁵⁵/

/t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡se⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ t͡siu³³/

/t͡se²¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡se¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡se²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siu⁴⁴/

/t͡ɕi³³ t͡sɤ⁴⁴/

(historical) Jizhou (an ancient prefecture in modern Henan and Shandong, China)

(historical) Jizhou (an ancient prefecture in modern Shandong, China)

(historical) Jizhou (an ancient prefecture in modern Jilin, China)

～特別自治道 濟州特別自治道#Chinese

(～道, ～特別自治道) Jeju (a province of South Korea; capital: Jeju)

(～市) Jeju (the capital city of Jeju Province, South Korea)


田園洞

ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄩㄢˊ ㄉㄨㄥˋ

ㄊㄧㄢˊ ㄩㄢˊ ㄉㄨㄥˋ

Тяньюань Дун

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/tʰiːn²¹ jyːn²¹ tʊŋ²²/

/tʰi̯ɛn³⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ tʊŋ⁵¹/

/tʰiːn²¹ jyːn²¹ tʊŋ²²/


伏羲

Cf. 羲和 (“Xihe”), a solar goddess sometimes used as a personification of the sun.

伏犧
伏戲
庖羲
宓羲
虙羲
炮犧
庖犧
包犧
宓戲
虙戲

(Chinese mythology) Fuxi (a legendary ancient Chinese ruler and culture hero)

(～氏) (Chinese mythology, Chinese history) Fuxi clan (Fuxi understood as a dynastic name in Chinese mythology and prehistory)


庖犧

/pʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/pʰaːu̯²¹ hei̯⁵⁵/

/pʰɑʊ̯³⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/

/pʰaːu̯²¹ hei̯⁵⁵/

(～氏) (Chinese mythology) Alternative name for 伏羲 (Fúxī, “Fuxi”).


樺太

/xu̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/waː²¹ tʰaːi̯³³/

/waː²² tʰaːi̯³³/

/hua⁴⁴⁻²² tʰai²¹/

/xu̯ä⁵¹⁻⁵³ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/

/waː²¹ tʰaːi̯³³/

/waː²² tʰaːi̯³³/

/hua⁴⁴⁻²² tʰai²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 樺太 (Karafuto).

obor

(～島) Alternative name for 庫頁／库页 (Kùyè, “Sakhalin”).


薩哈林

/sä⁵¹ xä⁵⁵ lin³⁵/

/sä⁵¹ xä⁵⁵ lin³⁵/

薩哈林州

萨哈林州

薩哈林島

萨哈林岛


剛果民主共和國

ㄍㄤ ㄍㄨㄛˇ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄓㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄍㄤ ㄍㄨㄛˇ ㄇㄧㄣˊ ㄓㄨˇ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Ганго Миньчжу Гунхэго

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ min³⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔː³⁵ mɐn²¹ t͡syː³⁵ kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

Democratic Republic of the Congo#English:_Q974

Democratic Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa, the larger of the two countries named Congo)


剛果共和國

ㄍㄤ ㄍㄨㄛˇ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄍㄤ ㄍㄨㄛˇ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Ганго Гунхэго

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔː³⁵ kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/kɑŋ⁵⁵ ku̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ kʷɔː³⁵ kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo#English:_Q971

Republic of the Congo (a country in Central Africa, the smaller of the two countries named Congo)


栗原

/li⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

/li⁵¹ ɥɛn³⁵/

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 栗原 (Kurihara).

(～市) Kurihara (a city in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan)


上高

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²² kou̯⁵⁵/

/ʂɑŋ⁵¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵/

/sœːŋ²² kou̯⁵⁵/

(～縣) Shanggao (a county of Yichun, Jiangxi, China)


捷克斯洛伐克

→ Zhuang: Cezgwzswhlozfazgwz

ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄙ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄚˊ ㄎㄜˋ

ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄙ ㄌㄨㄛˋ ㄈㄚ ㄎㄜˋ

Цзекэсылофакэ

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ fä³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ lu̯ɔ⁵¹ fä⁵⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹/

/t͡siːt̚² hɐk̚⁵ siː⁵⁵ lɔːk̚² fɐt̚² hɐk̚⁵/

/t͡siɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁵ su⁴⁴⁻²² lɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ huat̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰiɪk̚³²/

/t͡siɛt̚⁴⁻³² kʰiɪk̚³²⁻⁴ su⁴⁴⁻²² lɔk̚⁴⁻³² huat̚⁴⁻³² kʰiɪk̚³²/

/t͡siɛt̚²⁴⁻² kʰiak̚⁵⁻²⁴ sɯ³³ lɔk̚²⁴⁻² huat̚²⁴⁻² kʰiak̚⁵/

Borrowed from English Czechoslovakia or Czechoslovak.

Czechoslovakia (a former country in Central Europe, now the Czech Republic and Slovakia)


捷克共和國

ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄐㄧㄝˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄍㄨㄥˋ ㄏㄜˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

Цзекэ Гунхэго

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡siːt̚² hɐk̚⁵ kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/t͡sʰi̯ap̚⁵ kʰi̯et̚² kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ fo¹¹ ku̯et̚²/

/t͡sʰi̯ap̚⁵ kʰi̯at̚² kʰi̯uŋ⁵⁵ fo¹¹ ku̯et̚²/

/t͡sieʔ⁵⁻²¹ kʰaiʔ²⁴ kyŋ²⁴²⁻⁵³ ⁽ʰ⁻⁾ŋuo⁵³⁻²¹ ⁽ᵏ⁻⁾uɔʔ²⁴/

/t͡siɛt̚⁴⁻³² kʰiɪk̚³² kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ ho²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/t͡siɛt̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kʰiɪk̚³² kiɔŋ²²⁻²¹ ho¹³⁻²² kɔk̚³²/

/t͡siɛt̚²⁴⁻² kʰiak̚⁵ kiɔŋ⁴¹⁻²² hɔ²⁴⁻²² kɔk̚⁵/

/t͡siap̚⁴⁻³² kʰiɪk̚³² kiɔŋ³³⁻²¹ hɤ²³⁻³³ kɔk̚³²/

/t͡siap̚⁴⁻³² kʰiɪk̚³² kiɔŋ³³⁻¹¹ ho²⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/

/ʑiɪʔ¹¹ kʰəʔ²³ ɡoŋ²² ɦu⁵⁵ koʔ²¹/

/t͡ɕi̯ɛ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ kʊŋ⁵¹ xɤ³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/t͡siːt̚² hɐk̚⁵ kʊŋ²² wɔː²¹ kʷɔːk̚³/

/ʑiɪʔ¹¹ kʰəʔ²³ ɡoŋ²² ɦu⁵⁵ koʔ²¹/

Czech Republic
Czech Republic#English:_Q213

Czech Republic (a country in Central Europe)


奧匈帝國

ㄠˋ ㄒㄩㄥ ㄉㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

ㄠˋ ㄒㄩㄥ ㄉㄧˋ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/ou̯³³ hʊŋ⁵⁵ tɐi̯³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

/ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹ ɕi̯ʊŋ⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ ku̯ɔ³⁵/

/ou̯³³ hʊŋ⁵⁵ tɐi̯³³ kʷɔːk̚³/

(historical) Austria-Hungary (a former multi-ethnic empire and country in Central Europe existing from 1867 to 1918)


人馬座

ㄖㄣˊ ㄇㄚˇ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

ㄖㄣˊ ㄇㄚˇ ㄗㄨㄛˋ

/ʐən³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/jɐn²¹ maː¹³ t͡sɔː²²/

/ʐən³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/

/jɐn²¹ maː¹³ t͡sɔː²²/