See 自在階級 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "zìwèi jiējí",
"word": "自為階級"
},
{
"roman": "zìwèi jiējí",
"word": "自为阶级"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "自在阶级",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "自在階級",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Marxism",
"orig": "zh:Marxism",
"parents": [
"Ideologies",
"Socialism",
"Politics",
"Society",
"Economics",
"Leftism",
"All topics",
"Social sciences",
"Fundamental",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In its knowledge of capitalist society, the proletariat was only in the perceptual stage of cognition in the first period of its practice, the period of machine-smashing and spontaneous struggle; it knew only some of the aspects and the external relations of the phenomena of capitalism. The proletariat was then still a “class-in-itself”. But when it reached the second period of its practice, the period of conscious and organized economic and political struggles, the proletariat was able to comprehend the essence of capitalist society, the relations of exploitation between social classes and its own historical task; and it was able to do so because of its own practice and because of its experience of prolonged struggle, which Marx and Engels scientifically summed up in all its variety to create the theory of Marxism for the education of the proletariat. It was then that the proletariat became a “class-for-itself”.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1937, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《實踐論》 (On Practice), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition",
"roman": "Wúchǎn jiējí duìyú zīběn zhǔyì shèhuì de rènshi, zài qí shíjiàn de chūqī — pòhuài jīqì hé zìfā dòuzhēng shíqī, tāmen hái zhǐ zài gǎnxìng rènshi de jiēduàn, zhǐ rènshi zīběn zhǔyì gègè xiànxiàng de piànmiàn jí qí wàibù de liánxì. Zhè shí, tāmen hái shì yī gè suǒwèi “zìzài de jiējí”. Dànshì dàole tāmen shíjiàn de dì èr gè shíqī — yǒu yìshí yǒu zǔzhī de jīngjì dòuzhēng hé zhèngzhì dòuzhēng de shíqī, yóuyú shíjiàn, yóuyú chángqī dòuzhēng de jīngyàn, jīngguò Mǎkèsī, Ēngésī yòng kēxué de fāngfǎ bǎ zhè zhǒngzhǒng jīngyàn zǒngjié qilai, chǎnshēng le Mǎkèsī zhǔyì de lǐlùn, yòng yǐ jiàoyù wúchǎn jiējí, zhèyàng jiù shǐ wúchǎn jiējí lǐjiě le zīběn zhǔyì shèhuì de běnzhì, lǐjiě le shèhuì jiējí de bōxuē guānxì, lǐjiě le wúchǎn jiējí de lìshǐ rènwù, zhè shí tāmen jiù biànchéng le yī gè “zìwèi de jiējí”.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "無產階級對於資本主義社會的認識，在其實踐的初期——破壞機器和自發鬥爭時期，他們還只在感性認識的階段，只認識資本主義各個現象的片面及其外部的聯繫。這時，他們還是一個所謂「自在的階級」。但是到了他們實踐的第二個時期——有意識有組織的經濟鬥爭和政治鬥爭的時期，由於實踐，由於長期鬥爭的經驗，經過馬克思、恩格斯用科學的方法把這種種經驗總結起來，產生了馬克思主義的理論，用以教育無產階級，這樣就使無產階級理解了資本主義社會的本質，理解了社會階級的剝削關係，理解了無產階級的歷史任務，這時他們就變成了一個「自為的階級」。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "In its knowledge of capitalist society, the proletariat was only in the perceptual stage of cognition in the first period of its practice, the period of machine-smashing and spontaneous struggle; it knew only some of the aspects and the external relations of the phenomena of capitalism. The proletariat was then still a “class-in-itself”. But when it reached the second period of its practice, the period of conscious and organized economic and political struggles, the proletariat was able to comprehend the essence of capitalist society, the relations of exploitation between social classes and its own historical task; and it was able to do so because of its own practice and because of its experience of prolonged struggle, which Marx and Engels scientifically summed up in all its variety to create the theory of Marxism for the education of the proletariat. It was then that the proletariat became a “class-for-itself”.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1937, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《實踐論》 (On Practice), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition",
"roman": "Wúchǎn jiējí duìyú zīběn zhǔyì shèhuì de rènshi, zài qí shíjiàn de chūqī — pòhuài jīqì hé zìfā dòuzhēng shíqī, tāmen hái zhǐ zài gǎnxìng rènshi de jiēduàn, zhǐ rènshi zīběn zhǔyì gègè xiànxiàng de piànmiàn jí qí wàibù de liánxì. Zhè shí, tāmen hái shì yī gè suǒwèi “zìzài de jiējí”. Dànshì dàole tāmen shíjiàn de dì èr gè shíqī — yǒu yìshí yǒu zǔzhī de jīngjì dòuzhēng hé zhèngzhì dòuzhēng de shíqī, yóuyú shíjiàn, yóuyú chángqī dòuzhēng de jīngyàn, jīngguò Mǎkèsī, Ēngésī yòng kēxué de fāngfǎ bǎ zhè zhǒngzhǒng jīngyàn zǒngjié qilai, chǎnshēng le Mǎkèsī zhǔyì de lǐlùn, yòng yǐ jiàoyù wúchǎn jiējí, zhèyàng jiù shǐ wúchǎn jiējí lǐjiě le zīběn zhǔyì shèhuì de běnzhì, lǐjiě le shèhuì jiējí de bōxuē guānxì, lǐjiě le wúchǎn jiējí de lìshǐ rènwù, zhè shí tāmen jiù biànchéng le yī gè “zìwèi de jiējí”.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "无产阶级对于资本主义社会的认识，在其实践的初期——破坏机器和自发斗争时期，他们还只在感性认识的阶段，只认识资本主义各个现象的片面及其外部的联系。这时，他们还是一个所谓「自在的阶级」。但是到了他们实践的第二个时期——有意识有组织的经济斗争和政治斗争的时期，由于实践，由于长期斗争的经验，经过马克思、恩格斯用科学的方法把这种种经验总结起来，产生了马克思主义的理论，用以教育无产阶级，这样就使无产阶级理解了资本主义社会的本质，理解了社会阶级的剥削关系，理解了无产阶级的历史任务，这时他们就变成了一个「自为的阶级」。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class in itself (the proletariat in the stage of spontaneous struggle where it has not yet developed class consciousness)"
],
"id": "en-自在階級-zh-noun-1jEdPkzs",
"links": [
[
"Marxism",
"Marxism"
],
[
"class in itself",
"class in itself"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Marxism) class in itself (the proletariat in the stage of spontaneous struggle where it has not yet developed class consciousness)"
],
"tags": [
"Marxism"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zìzài jiējí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄗㄞˋ ㄐㄧㄝ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ zoi⁶ gaai¹ kap¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zìzài jiējí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhzài jiejí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-tsai⁴ chieh¹-chi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-dzài jyē-jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyhtzay jiejyi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыцзай цзецзи"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czyczaj czeczi"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡saɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih joih gāai kāp"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ dzoi⁶ gaai¹ kap⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ zoi⁶ gai¹ keb¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² t͡sɔːi̯²² kaːi̯⁵⁵ kʰɐp̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡saɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² t͡sɔːi̯²² kaːi̯⁵⁵ kʰɐp̚⁵/"
}
],
"word": "自在階級"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "zìwèi jiējí",
"word": "自為階級"
},
{
"roman": "zìwèi jiējí",
"word": "自为阶级"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "自在阶级",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "自在階級",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 在",
"Chinese terms spelled with 級",
"Chinese terms spelled with 自",
"Chinese terms spelled with 階",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Mandarin terms with quotations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Marxism"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "In its knowledge of capitalist society, the proletariat was only in the perceptual stage of cognition in the first period of its practice, the period of machine-smashing and spontaneous struggle; it knew only some of the aspects and the external relations of the phenomena of capitalism. The proletariat was then still a “class-in-itself”. But when it reached the second period of its practice, the period of conscious and organized economic and political struggles, the proletariat was able to comprehend the essence of capitalist society, the relations of exploitation between social classes and its own historical task; and it was able to do so because of its own practice and because of its experience of prolonged struggle, which Marx and Engels scientifically summed up in all its variety to create the theory of Marxism for the education of the proletariat. It was then that the proletariat became a “class-for-itself”.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1937, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《實踐論》 (On Practice), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition",
"roman": "Wúchǎn jiējí duìyú zīběn zhǔyì shèhuì de rènshi, zài qí shíjiàn de chūqī — pòhuài jīqì hé zìfā dòuzhēng shíqī, tāmen hái zhǐ zài gǎnxìng rènshi de jiēduàn, zhǐ rènshi zīběn zhǔyì gègè xiànxiàng de piànmiàn jí qí wàibù de liánxì. Zhè shí, tāmen hái shì yī gè suǒwèi “zìzài de jiējí”. Dànshì dàole tāmen shíjiàn de dì èr gè shíqī — yǒu yìshí yǒu zǔzhī de jīngjì dòuzhēng hé zhèngzhì dòuzhēng de shíqī, yóuyú shíjiàn, yóuyú chángqī dòuzhēng de jīngyàn, jīngguò Mǎkèsī, Ēngésī yòng kēxué de fāngfǎ bǎ zhè zhǒngzhǒng jīngyàn zǒngjié qilai, chǎnshēng le Mǎkèsī zhǔyì de lǐlùn, yòng yǐ jiàoyù wúchǎn jiējí, zhèyàng jiù shǐ wúchǎn jiējí lǐjiě le zīběn zhǔyì shèhuì de běnzhì, lǐjiě le shèhuì jiējí de bōxuē guānxì, lǐjiě le wúchǎn jiējí de lìshǐ rènwù, zhè shí tāmen jiù biànchéng le yī gè “zìwèi de jiējí”.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "無產階級對於資本主義社會的認識，在其實踐的初期——破壞機器和自發鬥爭時期，他們還只在感性認識的階段，只認識資本主義各個現象的片面及其外部的聯繫。這時，他們還是一個所謂「自在的階級」。但是到了他們實踐的第二個時期——有意識有組織的經濟鬥爭和政治鬥爭的時期，由於實踐，由於長期鬥爭的經驗，經過馬克思、恩格斯用科學的方法把這種種經驗總結起來，產生了馬克思主義的理論，用以教育無產階級，這樣就使無產階級理解了資本主義社會的本質，理解了社會階級的剝削關係，理解了無產階級的歷史任務，這時他們就變成了一個「自為的階級」。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "In its knowledge of capitalist society, the proletariat was only in the perceptual stage of cognition in the first period of its practice, the period of machine-smashing and spontaneous struggle; it knew only some of the aspects and the external relations of the phenomena of capitalism. The proletariat was then still a “class-in-itself”. But when it reached the second period of its practice, the period of conscious and organized economic and political struggles, the proletariat was able to comprehend the essence of capitalist society, the relations of exploitation between social classes and its own historical task; and it was able to do so because of its own practice and because of its experience of prolonged struggle, which Marx and Engels scientifically summed up in all its variety to create the theory of Marxism for the education of the proletariat. It was then that the proletariat became a “class-for-itself”.",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " 1937, 毛澤東 (Mao Zedong), 《實踐論》 (On Practice), 《毛澤東選集》. English translation based on the Foreign Languages Press edition",
"roman": "Wúchǎn jiējí duìyú zīběn zhǔyì shèhuì de rènshi, zài qí shíjiàn de chūqī — pòhuài jīqì hé zìfā dòuzhēng shíqī, tāmen hái zhǐ zài gǎnxìng rènshi de jiēduàn, zhǐ rènshi zīběn zhǔyì gègè xiànxiàng de piànmiàn jí qí wàibù de liánxì. Zhè shí, tāmen hái shì yī gè suǒwèi “zìzài de jiējí”. Dànshì dàole tāmen shíjiàn de dì èr gè shíqī — yǒu yìshí yǒu zǔzhī de jīngjì dòuzhēng hé zhèngzhì dòuzhēng de shíqī, yóuyú shíjiàn, yóuyú chángqī dòuzhēng de jīngyàn, jīngguò Mǎkèsī, Ēngésī yòng kēxué de fāngfǎ bǎ zhè zhǒngzhǒng jīngyàn zǒngjié qilai, chǎnshēng le Mǎkèsī zhǔyì de lǐlùn, yòng yǐ jiàoyù wúchǎn jiējí, zhèyàng jiù shǐ wúchǎn jiējí lǐjiě le zīběn zhǔyì shèhuì de běnzhì, lǐjiě le shèhuì jiējí de bōxuē guānxì, lǐjiě le wúchǎn jiējí de lìshǐ rènwù, zhè shí tāmen jiù biànchéng le yī gè “zìwèi de jiējí”.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "无产阶级对于资本主义社会的认识，在其实践的初期——破坏机器和自发斗争时期，他们还只在感性认识的阶段，只认识资本主义各个现象的片面及其外部的联系。这时，他们还是一个所谓「自在的阶级」。但是到了他们实践的第二个时期——有意识有组织的经济斗争和政治斗争的时期，由于实践，由于长期斗争的经验，经过马克思、恩格斯用科学的方法把这种种经验总结起来，产生了马克思主义的理论，用以教育无产阶级，这样就使无产阶级理解了资本主义社会的本质，理解了社会阶级的剥削关系，理解了无产阶级的历史任务，这时他们就变成了一个「自为的阶级」。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"class in itself (the proletariat in the stage of spontaneous struggle where it has not yet developed class consciousness)"
],
"links": [
[
"Marxism",
"Marxism"
],
[
"class in itself",
"class in itself"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Marxism) class in itself (the proletariat in the stage of spontaneous struggle where it has not yet developed class consciousness)"
],
"tags": [
"Marxism"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zìzài jiējí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄗˋ ㄗㄞˋ ㄐㄧㄝ ㄐㄧˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zi⁶ zoi⁶ gaai¹ kap¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zìzài jiējí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zìhzài jiejí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "tzŭ⁴-tsai⁴ chieh¹-chi²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "dz̀-dzài jyē-jí"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "tzyhtzay jiejyi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "цзыцзай цзецзи"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "czyczaj czeczi"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡saɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jih joih gāai kāp"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzi⁶ dzoi⁶ gaai¹ kap⁷"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ji⁶ zoi⁶ gai¹ keb¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² t͡sɔːi̯²² kaːi̯⁵⁵ kʰɐp̚⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡saɪ̯⁵¹ t͡ɕi̯ɛ⁵⁵ t͡ɕi³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡siː²² t͡sɔːi̯²² kaːi̯⁵⁵ kʰɐp̚⁵/"
}
],
"word": "自在階級"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 自在階級 meaning in Chinese (8.4kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"自在階級"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自在階級",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"自在階級"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "自在階級",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.